Shobaki, Mazen J. Al
2019
The study aimed to identify E- Learning strategies and their relation to the efficiency of research performance in foreign and Palestinian universities (University of Ottawa, Munster, Suez Canal, Al-Azhar, Islamic, Al-Aqsa). The analytical descriptive approach was used for this purpose, and relying on the questionnaire as a main tool for data collection. The study society is from the senior management, where the number of senior management in the universities in question is 206. The random stratified sample was selected and (SPSS) was used for statistical data analysis. The study found a significant relationship between E- Learning strategies and the efficiency of research performance in universities. It also reached the participation of senior management in the research that develops the university performance in the Palestinian universities. The senior management indicated that they do not care to follow the policies of implementing the development of scientific research. While the senior management in foreign universities indicated that they are interested in following up the policies of implementing the development of scientific research. The study also showed that senior management in Palestinian universities does not care about providing the appropriate budget for E- Learning. The study recommended that the senior management of Palestinian universities should provide an E- Learning budget and encourage employees to continue using E- Learning strategies. The administration in the Palestinian universities should adopt and support outstanding research, and the need to encourage interest in the implementation of policies for the development of scientific research.
oai:philarchive.org/rec/ABDESI
en
Philosophy
E-Learning Strategies in Developing Research Performance Efficiency: Higher Education Institutions
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
International Journal of Academic Pedagogical Research (IJAPR) ISSN: 2643-9603 Vol. 3 Issue 9, September - 2019, Pages: 8-19  8 E-Learning Strategies in Developing Research Performance Efficiency: Higher Education Institutions Samia A. M. Abdalmenem 1 , Samer M. Arqawi 2 , Youssef M. Abu Amuna 3 , Samy S. Abu Naser 4 , Mazen J. Al Shobaki 5 1Department of Management and Financial Business, Al-Quds Open University 2Department of Management and Financial Business, Palestine Technical University-(Kadoorei) 3,4Department of Information Technology, Al-Azhar University, Gaza, Palestine 5Dean of Bait Al-Mqds College for technical Science, GazaPalestine , , , ,  Abstract: The study aimed to identify ELearning strategies and their relation to the efficiency of research performance in foreign and Palestinian universities (University of Ottawa, Munster, Suez Canal, Al-Azhar, Islamic, Al-Aqsa). The analytical descriptive approach was used for this purpose, and relying on the questionnaire as a main tool for data collection. The study society is from the senior management, where the number of senior management in the universities in question is 206. The random stratified sample was selected and (SPSS) was used for statistical data analysis. The study found a significant relationship between ELearning strategies and the efficiency of research performance in universities. It also reached the participation of senior management in the research that develops the university performance in the Palestinian universities. The senior management indicated that they do not care to follow the policies of implementing the development of scientific research. While the senior management in foreign universities indicated that they are interested in following up the policies of implementing the development of scientific research. The study also showed that senior management in Palestinian universities does not care about providing the appropriate budget for ELearning. The study recommended that the senior management of Palestinian universities should provide an ELearning budget and encourage employees to continue using ELearning strategies. The administration in the Palestinian universities should adopt and support outstanding research, and the need to encourage interest in the implementation of policies for the development of scientific research. Keywords: Research Performance, Performance Efficiency, ELearning Strategies, Universities, Palestine. 1. INTRODUCTION ELearning is a modern term, a product of science and technology in the field of education. It involves the planning, implementation, evaluation and development of ELearning, educational and non-educational institutions. There are specialized centers in curriculum design and development, for the labor market. ELearning seeks to achieve goals and functions that contribute to solving educational and scientific problems, developing them through active educational programs, employing them on the Internet, providing feedback, and reaching educational efficiency in educational and research performance. Education technology provides academics with the expertise needed to develop their performance. It helps academics to keep abreast of new academic matters and scientific research. Their use is supported by helping the teacher overcome temporal and spatial boundaries, saving time and effort in delivering skills, knowledge, ELearning contributes to changing the role of teacher and learner. The learner has become a scholar and an explorer of knowledge. Scientific research is the second goal that universities seek to achieve. It is a societal necessity that contributes to the presence of universities in society through it. ELearning is a means of education that aims to interact through the use of computer technology, which stimulates the development of skills, enhance creativity using modern electronic methods, and provides ELearning content to all students both inside and outside the university, and contributes to the learning process in an easy and enjoyable way For the learner, achieves the principle of equal educational opportunities, aims to increase the efficiency, quality, and flexibility of education. One of the objectives to be achieved from ELearning is what Abo Khatwa (2013) provides: a rich, multi-source learning environment, redefining roles, creating incentives, promoting communication between the learning process, modeling education, , With the preparation of a generation of teachers and students able to deal with modern technology skillfully. It can be said that the importance of ELearning is reflected in improving the quality of higher education and its development through the improvement of methods and teaching techniques to cope with the general development of modern international technology, and education is required to search for methods and educational models to meet many challenges. Universities because of its ability to deliver the content of educational programs, activities and courses online. ELearning strategies vary in order to suit learners' abilities, diversity of goals, and decisions. The strategies used are defined through ELearning, namely how education International Journal of Academic Pedagogical Research (IJAPR) ISSN: 2643-9603 Vol. 3 Issue 9, September - 2019, Pages: 8-19  9 is provided to learners. ELearning includes the design of different learning strategies that help achieve the objectives. ELearning strategies include a number of procedures; to provide ELearning content that helps learners to achieve educational goals with great skill and professionalism. It can be said that the importance of ELearning is reflected in improving the quality of higher education and its development through the improvement of methods and teaching techniques to cope with the general development of modern international technology, and education is required to search for methods and educational models to meet many challenges. Universities because of its ability to deliver the content of educational programs, activities and courses online. ELearning strategies vary in order to suit learners' abilities, diversity of goals, and decisions. The strategies used are defined through ELearning, namely how education is provided to learners. ELearning includes the design of different learning strategies that help achieve the objectives. ELearning strategies include a number of procedures; to provide ELearning content that helps learners to achieve educational goals with great skill and professionalism. The increasing efficiency of research performance is linked to the ability of universities to employ ELearning to improve research. There are scientific studies that have proved that employing ELearning strategies in an effective manner can contribute effectively to the development of the educational process and enhance the communication between the parties to the educational and research process. And the wide spread of communications and information technology from the variables affecting universities, which reflected their effects on university performance. Despite the growing growth of ELearning, there are many challenges facing its application in Palestinian and foreign universities, which need special budgets, experts, content development, and information security protection. Although the experience of Palestinian universities is adopting ELearning strategies compared to foreign universities, ELearning strategies that contribute to increased educational and research performance. 2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FirstELearning Strategies The process of education is a part and an important element for the progress of any institution. This process comes through the effectiveness or influence of individuals and employees in the institution through values and systems, which are able to bring organizational change constantly, and also improve the performance of the institution depending on the use of expertise and human skills, (Jad Al-Rab, 2015), with the spread of modern technologies in the era of technological development emerged methods and tools that helped to raise the efficiency of university education and research, e-learning has become an important part to raise the educational process, prompting many universities and research centers interest in the different strategies of education, support, and adapted in the optimal use in the educational process. The Junghoon study (2007) illustrates strategies that promote e-learning: 1. Establish supportive strategies based on the type of university. 2. Evolution of ELearning system quality. 3. Strengthen the support system for academics and learners. 4. The development of a common knowledge system between universities and industry. 5. Strengthening international cooperation for ELearning . (Catherine and Chen, 2016) concluded that there are five positive learning strategies in this area and that the use of computer skills in education improves the credibility of education, and students prefer to use computer literacy skills. While the study (Lamushi, 2016).) To the following: 1. Effective ELearning begins with effective planning, and the vital part of this planning includes educational strategies. 2. Most of the strategies used in the traditional environment can be used as an ELearning environment. 3. ELearning project strategies are the most appropriate student-centered learning strategies, whose studies have confirmed their impact and effectiveness in development. While (El-Banna and Sorour, 2009) study showed that there is a statistically significant direct effect of selfefficacy in the internet on the efficiency of research performance and a statistically significant direct effect of general self-efficacy on the efficiency of research performance (Radwan, 2013): 1. The results of the study confirm the availability of material aspects such as databases, laboratories, and financial support through research chairs. 2. Despite the importance of the human element there is a clear lack in this element, whether it is the existence of the researcher is efficient in terms of preparation and training, as well as in the management of the movement of scientific research in universities. 3. The great need for emerging universities is noted for many of the ingredients of research success. El-Baz (2015) also found that information technology, knowledge management and distance training are key strategic ingredients for building organizational learning. It also found the ability of universities to cope with the rapid changes in teaching and scientific research. Distance training in universities reduces training time, and there are many weaknesses in the availability of technology. The study (Al-Otaibi, 2010) found the following results: 1. There is a positive impact on the application of the principles of TQM on the efficiency of academic performance in Saudi universities. International Journal of Academic Pedagogical Research (IJAPR) ISSN: 2643-9603 Vol. 3 Issue 9, September - 2019, Pages: 8-19  10 2. The study showed that there is a positive effect to follow the educational process on the efficiency of academic performance in Saudi universities. 3. The study showed that there is a positive impact of human resources development on the efficiency of academic performance. From the above, the areas of ELearning strategies and research performance can be identified as shown in the following table (1): Table 1: Areas of ELearning strategies and research performance ELearning Strategies Requirements for ELearning Planning, organization, skill, interaction, feedback, problem solving, goals. Plans, strategies Learning strategies for online student activities, ELearning strategy, online learning strategy, multimedia presentation strategy. Techniques (Logistics) Strategies (ELearning contracts, e-discussion, e-lecture, ELearning, self-orientation, web exploration, project strategies, e-collaboration strategy, e-simulation, e-strategy). Human resources, financial resources, infrastructure. The concept of ELearning strategies can be summarized as follows: Table 2: The concept of ELearning strategies Author The Concept (Katharine& Others, 6102) The e-learning strategy seeks to promote transformative approaches to teaching and learning, curricula that have a positive impact on students, faculty, employers, and other stakeholders, connect learners, create a sense of belonging, and enable them to participate through the core value of collaboration across a wide range of communities through dialogue and electronic interaction. (Cengiz, 6102) Explain that it is a pattern or plan to integrate the main objectives of online learning through the mentor to access digital content to help organize the learning process through e-learning. (Michelle,B & others, 6102) Is to provide online programs, to further improve students' success in e-learning. (Uikar, 6100) It is seen as goals, outcomes, vision, mission, values, organization performance indicators, and specific goals that assist in e-learning and demonstrate the value of e-learning. (Al-Dossari, 2014) It is defined as mental processes or skills that help the learner to recognize and acquire different forms of knowledge, information or performance, and enable him to organize information in memory, integrate it, study learning materials, organize the study process, the environment, and understand what he learns with e-learning. (Ahmad, 2012) Demonstrated as a set of requirements that have made e-learning the strategic choice, namely the need for continuing education, flexible, communication, and openness to others, and relies on making education unrelated to place or time of learning, which is based on learning, self-learning and effective. As for the analysis of the concept of e-learning strategies, after introducing the definition (Uikar, 2014) which is the objectives and results, vision, mission, values, performance indicators of the organization, and specific objectives help in e-learning, and demonstrate the value of e-learning. The researchers believe that ELearning strategies can be defined as: An integrated curriculum that uses a variety of methods, tools, and programs related to improving and developing the educational process, which contributes to the process of increasing the efficiency of performance in universities, achieving their goals, in addition to improving the knowledge, and access by the learner and teacher, which helps him to create, which in turn leads To attract, attract customers, loyalty to universities, and its reflection on the culture of society. The objectives of e-learning strategies are as follows (Quality Program, 2012): Helps faculty members and their assistants prepare teaching material for students, compensate for lack of experience in each other, and provide them with advanced skills. Addresses the lack of academic and training cadres in some educational sectors through virtual classrooms, and achieves full interaction, directly with teacher and learner. It works on a variety of tools. The new educational system assumes different learners in tendencies, attitudes, preparations, and desires, and thus provides different ways to access the information and tools in a variety that suits the difference in the qualities of the learners. Helps to achieve equal educational opportunities, where the learner can overcome the obstacles of time and distance if the adoption of education on the Internet, as ELearning is able to provide. International Journal of Academic Pedagogical Research (IJAPR) ISSN: 2643-9603 Vol. 3 Issue 9, September - 2019, Pages: 8-19  11 Helps students search for information by communicating with peers, searching databases online, and through social media. To achieve these goals, there is a set of requirements to reach the objectives of ELearning, as follows: 1. To amend the education policy at the university level, so that technology is an essential tool in scientific education at all stages, which contribute to communication between faculty members and students. 2. Providing physical, human and infrastructure requirements, preparing appropriate electronic programs and courses, and training the elements of the educational system. Dr. Mr. Jad Al-Rab addressed these requirements in the writing of university administration and higher education institutions development strategies and improvement curricula (2010). 3. Conduct research, studies, and experiences in the field of ELearning, comprehensive evaluation, and continuous improvement. Second: The efficiency of research performance Knowledge is the basis for the creation of new opportunities, as it becomes clear that the results of research conducted by universities must be used to create new tools and better conditions for future life (Jad AlRab, 2015), and since the process of university development is not limited to quantitative growth, Decisions should be taken to increase the performance of scientific research, develop strategies that contribute to the coordination between universities and scientific research centers, and contribute to financial support for all pillars of scientific research such as magazines, libraries, periodicals, consultations, training courses and scholarship. Concept of research performance efficiency: The development of research performance in universities has become an urgent requirement, as contemporary progress has produced a square whose facets are the university, scientific research, technology, and society, and without a correlation between them is not right for one party to perform, and being properly without interaction with the other party (Hottenrott & Thorwarth, 2011). The definition of university research performance is defined by Hamid, 2013, as the sum of the activities of a faculty, department, college, or university in order to contribute to development and scientific progress, which can be measured in several ways, including: , Quote, or peer appreciation. Chiang Kao & Hwei-Lan Pao defines research performance as the research product or product of research activity that contributes to scientific progress. The ability to use a range of research activities in less time and effort, which contribute to the development of the university, and progress through the university or its clients to produce the best research results, the results of which contribute to the development and development of society. It also includes the use of all research strategies that contribute to the development of the university and its departments, and their outputs are capable of scientific and practical development in universities. The researchers believe that there are indicators to evaluate the activity of graduate studies and research, as follows: 1. The adequacy and efficiency of faculty members. 2. Number of professors, assistants, assistant teachers and recruits. 3. The efficiency of organizational and human structures in the field of graduate studies 4. Percentage of expenditure on scientific research and higher studies at the national level, and at the level of each research institution. 5. Number of researchers obtaining degrees from abroad. 6. Number of scientists, researchers and distinguished at the international level in their fields of specialization. 7. The efficiency and adequacy of the resources and the physical, laboratory and research capabilities. 8. Number of researchers or researchers who have received certificates of appreciation or rewards. 9. The nature of the relationship between the university and local universities and conferences research assignments research participation. 10. Quality of Graduate Studies and Research Provided. 11. The degree of influx of expatriates from Arab and foreign countries. 12. The degree to which researchers from outside the university, and mental image. 13. Increase external demand for postgraduate graduates. 14. The efficiency of university senior management in the development and creation of financial resources. 15. Number of messages or research rejected or written off and approved. 16. Scope of scientific Secretariat prevailing in the research institution. 17. The average time to complete the Master's and Ph.D. 18. Internal migration rates from public to private universities. Research Performance Objectives: Scientific research is one of the main objectives of any university, and ranks second in importance after academic education, and has become a prominent role in the theoretical and applied fields, as the progress of any country is measured by the importance of scientific research, and its efforts in the investment of what is accumulated Providing funding to universities and research centers to perform their functions effectively and excellently (Jad Al-Rab, 2015). Mushtaha (2013) argues that the importance of research can be understood when we consider the following points: International Journal of Academic Pedagogical Research (IJAPR) ISSN: 2643-9603 Vol. 3 Issue 9, September - 2019, Pages: 8-19  12 Research means for those students who have to write master's or doctoral dissertations, to meet professional needs, or to have a higher status of social structure. For professionals, research may mean a source of income. For philosophers and thinkers, research may mean the outlet for new ideas and insights. For literature practitioners, research may mean developing new methods and creative work. For analysts and thinkers, research may generate new theories. Some of those interested in scientific research, as confirmed by Al-Quds Open University, 2013, believe that the main principles related to research performance (scientific research) are as follows: Fact: The researcher should focus his attention on finding out facts, and the possibility of disseminating them to expand human knowledge, and enhance the human capacity to exploit this knowledge to achieve vital goals. Freedom: The researcher must comply with the scientific limitations imposed on the freedom of scientific research through the rules of the democratic system for the adequate protection of human life. Responsibility: The researcher must be fully responsible for all research, and experiences, especially with regard to the direct effects on human life, mental health, and physical. Integrity and integrity: The researcher must do his work according to the requirements of scientific methods. E Mastery of work: the researcher must transfer the values and objectives of scientific correct without bias. Cooperation: Enhances cooperation by maintaining an open atmosphere, assistance and trust among dealers. Figure 1: The basic principles of the efficiency of research performance Source: Prepared by researchers in light of the basic principles of scientific research at Al Quds Open University. According to the above plan, the basic principles are the characteristics of good research. The research process is not a personal process, but rather a scientific, social, cultural and human work that must be based on ideals, values, knowledge and ethics. In the use of information. In the theoretical framework, the following question is answered: What is the level of efficiency of research performance in foreign and Palestinian universities from the point of view of senior management? The next hypothesis is also tested There is a relationship between the strategy of ELearning and the efficiency of research performance in universities from the point of view of senior management 3. LITERATURE REVIEW  Study of (Abdalmenem et al., 2019) aimed to identify e-learning strategies and their relation to increasing the efficiency of research performance in foreign and Palestinian universities (University of Ottawa, Munster, Suez Canal, Al-Azhar, Islamic, AlAqsa). The analytical descriptive approach was used for this purpose, and relying on the questionnaire as a main tool for data collection. The study society consists of senior management in Palestinian universities, where the number of senior management personnel in the universities was 206. The random stratified sample was selected, and the Statistical Analysis of Social Sciences (SPSS) program was used. The study found a significant relationship between e-learning strategies and the efficiency of research performance in universities. It Reality Freedom Coprations Responsibility Straightness Perfection Activities Comparative Operations Informati on Researcher Using Measurement Expectations Feedback International Journal of Academic Pedagogical Research (IJAPR) ISSN: 2643-9603 Vol. 3 Issue 9, September - 2019, Pages: 8-19  13 also reached the participation of senior management in the research that develops the university performance in the Palestinian universities. The senior management indicated that they care to follow the policies of implementing the development of scientific research. While the senior management in foreign universities indicated that they are interested in the sequence of policies to implement the development of scientific research. The study also showed that senior management in Palestinian universities interested in providing the appropriate budget for e-learning. The study recommended that the senior management of Palestinian universities should provide an e-learning budget and encourage employees to continue using e-learning strategies. The administration in the Palestinian universities should adopt and support outstanding research, and the need to encourage interest in the implementation of policies for the development of scientific research.  Study of (Al-Anzi, 2016), aimed at understanding the relationship between the use of ICT applications and increasing the ability of scientific research among faculty members, the latest applications of education technology used in the delivery of services, and their impact on improving research performance. The results showed that there was a clear reduction in the periodic updating of the ICT tools and other media of the Commission. The results also indicate a good rise in the contribution of ICT education and information technology to improving research levels.  Study of (Al-Baz, 2015) aimed to characterize the current situation of applying the organizational learning portal in some Egyptian universities and some foreign universities operating in Egypt. And to analyze the most important challenges and constraints that limit the effectiveness of applying the organizational learning portal. And identify the most important indicators of measuring the culture of excellence while identifying the basic pillars to build a culture of excellence in different administrative sites. The results showed that the preparation of information technology, knowledge management, and distance training is one of the basic strategic elements needed to build organizational learning. And that there was a capacity for universities to cope with rapid changes in teaching and scientific research. Distance training at universities reduces training time, and there are many weaknesses in the availability of technology.  Study of (Brown & Sun Park, 2015) which aimed to compare online asynchronous master lectures with their traditional counterparts, and to evaluate practices and research through self-efficacy. The results showed that knowledge improved and selfefficacy in research among students. And that there is little difference between online learners and faceto-face imitation education.  Study of (Pilar Ficapal-Cusía & Joan Boada-Graub, 2015) Aimed to develop business strategies and processes to deal with and solve the situation associated with a particular job, design the process of joint assessment based on individual performance, group performance, generate thinking processes, to enable students to assimilate, and then generalize the concepts and procedures developed for other situations you will encounter in the environment Work, and develop education strategies that enhance performance. The results showed that the issuance of choices and expansion of electronic methodology. (Eg, time management, task planning, problem solving, decision-making and use of ICT systems), personality traits such as: (effective communication, critical thinking, personality and relationships) and systematic nature of adaptation with new situations, and self-learning.  Study of (Nicholas et al., 2014) aimed at identifying strategies used to identify a community-based approach and addressing the challenges of education in different communities throughout Nigeria. The results show that strategies focus on bringing together community stakeholders to create awareness, identify issues related to education, develop appropriate educational programs that address issues and improve the quality of education in communities. The system provides a framework for continually evaluating students' academic performance.  Study of (David & Serradell, 2014) aimed at identifying innovations that affect all teaching methods, ELearning methods, and the detection of variables such as the university's strategy towards ICT adoption. (ICT) to identify the students' abilities to use digital technology in the educational process by teachers and students, or to choose a methodology that simulates digital education the results showed that motivation is the main variable that affects the performance of students over the Internet, which emphasizes the importance of this factor as a source of educational efficiency. Positive impact on student performance and positive impact on student performance from adoption of innovations in teaching and learning technology.  Study of (Morais et al., 2014) aimed to identify the capacities of European higher education institutions in education, examine the level of European higher education institutions in ELearning, and the possibility of generalizing its experience to benefit as many students as possible. The results showed that ELearning offers greater flexibility in education than traditional learning. And that ELearning generates many ways that stimulate and enrich International Journal of Academic Pedagogical Research (IJAPR) ISSN: 2643-9603 Vol. 3 Issue 9, September - 2019, Pages: 8-19  14 discussions, and ELearning contributes to the exploitation of time. And that ELearning is classified in quality assurance processes.  Study of (Al-Gamal, 2014) aimed to identify the availability of the requirements of the success of electronic management in universities, to identify the size of the role played by electronic management in increasing the efficiency of university performance. The results showed that there were differences in the views of the study groups on the variables of the study. And that there is a significant impact between the quality of electronic service, and the efficiency of university performance.  Study of (Al-Saadi, 2013) aimed to determine the requirements of using ELearning in the faculties of the University of Maysan from the point of view of the faculty members to determine the requirements for design, implementation and evaluation of the use of ELearning in the faculties of the University of Maysan from the point of view of the faculty members, and identify the requirements for the training of faculty members to use ELearning in University of Maysan University. The results showed that the requirements of the e-course and the requirements of the training of faculty members were of great importance. And that the requirements of the physical education environment were of medium importance.  Study of (Al-Matari, 2013) aimed to develop a questionnaire to diagnose the reality of ELearning in Arab universities in the light of quality standards, to obtain high reliability and stability of the questionnaire. The most important findings were that the questionnaire has a high degree of honesty and consistency. And that the other two criteria (leadership and administrative organization, material and technical resources, human and financial) all indicate that the one-dimensional questionnaire. METHODOLOGY AND PROCEDURES: The methodology of the study and its procedures is a major focus through which the practical aspect of the study is accomplished. The data required to conduct the statistical analysis are obtained in order to reach the results that are interpreted in the light of the study literature on the subject of the study. 4. COMMUNITY AND STUDY SAMPLE: The research society includes: (senior management) in the Palestinian and foreign universities, which are: (Islamic University, Al-Azhar University, Al-Aqsa University, University of Munster, University of Ottawa and Suez Canal University). Table 3: Distribution of the study population No. University Senior Management 1. Palestinian Universities Islamic University 012 2. Al-Azhar University 22 3. Al-Aqsa University 20 4. Foreign Universities University of Munster 52 5. University of Ottawa 52 6. Suez Canal University 83 Total 008 STUDY TOOL The study tool was prepared by studying the administrative literature and previous studies related to the subject of the study. A number of university professors were consulted in determining the dimensions of the questionnaires and their sentences. In light of the opinion of the arbitrators, some of the clauses of the questionnaire were modified in terms of deletion, addition, and modification, so that the questionnaire will be finalized. Gradient (1-5) was used to measure respondents' responses to the questionnaire sections. The questionnaire consisted of a main Areas consisting of (14) sub-Areas (strategic planning efficiency of research performance) as shown in the following table (4). Table 4: Axes and paragraphs included in the questionnaires of the study Areas Paragraphs ELearning Strategies 00 E Planning Strategy 5 Efficiency of research performance 5 Source: Prepared by researchers. RELIABILITY AND STABILITY OF THE STUDY TOOL The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed in two ways: A. Certification of the arbitrators "virtual honesty": The study tool presented in its preliminary form to a group of arbitrators from specialists in the academic, administrative, professional, statistical, and educational technology, the researchers responded to the views of the arbitrators and make the necessary deletion and amendment in the light of the proposals submitted, the questionnaire was thus finalized. International Journal of Academic Pedagogical Research (IJAPR) ISSN: 2643-9603 Vol. 3 Issue 9, September - 2019, Pages: 8-19  15 B. Internal consistency: The internal consistency refers to the consistency of each paragraph of the questionnaire with the area to which this paragraph belongs. Table 5: Internal honesty of the questionnaire axes No. ELearning Strategies Pearson Coefficient Of Correlation Probability Value (Sig.) 1. Strategic Planning 0.918** 0.000 2. Efficiency of research performance 0.927** 0.000 *The correlation is statistically significant at α≤0.05. * *The correlation is statistically significant at α≤0.01. The stability of the research questionnaire was verified by Cronbach's Coefficient Alpha and the split-half test and the results were as shown in Table (6). Table 6: Cronbach's Coefficient Alpha and split-half test to measure the stability of the upper management questionnaire No. Areas Number Of Paragraphs Cronbach's Coefficient Alpha Split-Half Test 1. Strategic Planning 7 0.933 0.938 2. Efficiency of research performance 7 0.953 0.950 ELearning Strategies 14 0.963 0.962 The results shown in the previous table indicate that the value of Cronbach's Coefficient Alpha is high for the axes, with values ranging from 0.933 to 0.953. The results were similar to Cronbach's Coefficient Alpha, ranging between 0.938-0.950. This means that the resolution tool is accurate in measuring what is being measured, and that the stability coefficient is high and satisfies the research purposes. 5. DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE The relative weights of ELearning strategies in foreign and Palestinian universities were determined from the point of view of senior management, as shown in the table: Table 7: Arithmetic mean, relative weight, and value (T) of ELearning strategies from the point of view of senior management Areas Universities SMA Standard Deviation Relative Weight% T Test Value Morality PValue ELearning Strategies Foreign 3.43 0.76 68.57 4.593 1.111 Palestinian 6.35 1.19 57.8 0.32 0.314 It is clear from the above table that the mean of ELearning strategies from the point of view of senior management in foreign universities (3.43) is higher than the default (3) and the value of t is equal to (4.593), which is statistically significant at (0.01). This is due to the availability of material and human resources, continuous follow-up to the development of the technological education process, and the development of ELearning strategies. For Palestinian universities, the arithmetic average of ELearning strategies was (2.89). The value of (T) was equal to (0.32) and in statistical terms (0.314) which is greater than (0.05), thus increasing the average of ELearning strategies from the point of view of senior management in Palestinian universities Not statistically significant, researchers attribute this to financial situations and crises, and inability to implement strategic plans. The efficiency of research performance from the point of view of senior management in the universities under study: The efficiency of research performance was determined from the senior management point of view using the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, relative weight, test value "T" and "Sig" as shown in the following table: Table 8: The arithmetic average, the standard deviation, the value of (T) and the relative weight of the efficiency of the research performance from the point of view of senior management No. Efficiency of university performance (research) SMA Standard Deviation Relative Weight% T Test Value Morality PValue Ranking 1. Senior management participates in research that develops university performance 3.55 1.29 71.03 5.59 0.00 2 2. Motivate employees to spend abroad 3.46 1.40 69.29 -0.87 0.39 6 3. The senior management follows the policies of implementing the development of scientific research 2.93 1.44 58.51 0.97 0.33 18 International Journal of Academic Pedagogical Research (IJAPR) ISSN: 2643-9603 Vol. 3 Issue 9, September - 2019, Pages: 8-19  16 4. Is working on a future plan for scientific research 3.07 1.23 61.42 0.67 0.50 13 5. The senior management in its plan is constantly developing research centers 3.05 1.16 60.92 1.69 0.09 14 6. Facilitates participation in scientific conferences 3.13 1.34 62.70 0.45 0.65 11 7. Helps to disseminate electronically researched scientific research 3.04 1.33 60.71 0.93 0.35 16 Efficiency of university performance (research) 3.11 150 62.14 7.65 0.000 The value of (T) of the table at the level of significance of 0.05 about 1.98 The senior management agreed that the relative weight of the pillars of the efficiency of research performance was the paragraph (senior management participation in research that develops the university performance). It ranked first with a relative weight of 71.03, an average of 3.55, a test value of 5.59, and Sig value (0.05). This is a statistical function at the mean level (α≤ 0.05), indicating that the average response rate for this paragraph has significantly increased the degree of neutrality. There is considerable agreement by the respondents on this paragraph. The researchers attribute this to the nature of the work of senior management, which is specialized in planning, development and development of strategies and policies in line with the requirements of the university. While paragraph XV (follow the senior management policies to implement the development of scientific research) ranked last relative weight (58.51%), the mean (2.93), the test value (0.97), and the probability value (Sig) = (00.00), which is below the level (0.05). Therefore, this is a statistically significant at the level of significance (α≤0.05), indicating that the average response to this paragraph is less than the low degree of neutrality, indicating that there is little approval from the sample on this paragraph. The researchers attributed this to the difficult economic situation in the Palestinian universities, which delayed the implementation of the development of scientific research, and directed Palestinian universities to the attention of academic education. As for foreign universities, they follow the policies of implementing scientific research, but seek to be better for technological development. In general, the views of the senior management agreed on the importance of the efficiency of the research performance, and obtained an approval ratio with an average of 3.11 indicating that the average response rate of this Areas exceeded the level of neutrality, which is (3) The researchers attributed this to the efforts of universities to develop scientific research centers, libraries and conferences that contribute to the dissemination of the culture of scientific research and help to solve the problems of society. The relative weights of the research efficiency aspects from the point of view of senior management in foreign and Palestinian universities: Table 9: Arithmetic mean, standard deviation, relative weight, T test value, and morale in universities for the Areas of efficient research performance from the point of view of senior management Areas Universities SMA Standard Deviation Relative Weight% Test Value Morality PValue Efficiency of research performance Foreign 3.11 1.23 62.10 0.21 1.25 Palestinian 3.10 1.00 60.29 0.93 0.356 It is clear from the previous table that the relative weight (62.10%) and the arithmetic mean of the efficiency of research performance from the point of view of senior management in foreign universities (3.11) is higher than the default average (3) Statistically significant value (0.00). The researchers attributed this to the fact that senior management always strives to raise the efficiency of research performance, and sets future aspirations to achieve long-term future plans that contribute to supporting scientific research in all fields. For Palestinian universities, the relative weight (62.29%) and the arithmetic average of the efficiency of the research performance (3.11) and the value of (T) was equal (0.93) and is statistically significant value (0.000). 6. TEST THE HYPOTHESIS There is a significant relationship between the strategies of ELearning and increase the efficiency of research performance in universities. To answer this hypothesis, correlation coefficients and the probability value (Sig) were used to find the relationship and the level of significance from the point of view of senior management. Table 10: correlation coefficient between ELearning strategies and increase the efficiency of research performance in universities from the point of view of senior management International Journal of Academic Pedagogical Research (IJAPR) ISSN: 2643-9603 Vol. 3 Issue 9, September - 2019, Pages: 8-19  17 No. Hypothesis Pearson Coefficient Of Correlation Probability Value (Sig.) 1. There is a significant correlation between the total areas of ELearning strategies and ELearning planning strategy. 1.332* 1.111 2. There is a significant relationship between the total areas of ELearning strategies and the efficiency of research performance. 1.516* 1.111 *The correlation is statistically significant at α≤0.05. The above table shows that the correlation coefficient is 0.902 and that the probability value (Sig) is equal to 0.00 and is less than the significance level (α≤0.05). This indicates a statistically significant relationship between the ELearning strategies and the efficiency of the research performance In the universities. This is due to the interest of senior management in presenting strategic plans that focus on ELearning through the vision and mission of universities and quadratic analysis, which in turn reflects on the efficiency of research performance. 7. RESULTS The study found a significant relationship between ELearning strategies and the efficiency of research performance in universities. I have reached the participation of senior management in the research that develops the university performance in the Palestinian universities. The senior management indicated that they do not care to follow the policies of implementing the development of scientific research. While the senior management in foreign universities indicated that they are interested in following up the policies of implementing the development of scientific research. The study showed that senior management in Palestinian universities does not care to provide the appropriate budget for ELearning. The study showed that the senior management in foreign universities is interested in providing the appropriate budget. The sample of the study considers that ELearning is a strategic requirement that contributes to the development of education. 8. RECOMMENDATIONS The study recommended that the senior management of Palestinian universities should provide an ELearning budget and encourage employees to continue using ELearning strategies. The administration in the Palestinian universities should adopt and support outstanding research, and the need to encourage interest in the implementation of policies for the development of scientific research. The study also recommended the importance of presenting educational content in a simple and easy way. And the establishment of a flexible technological infrastructure. The study also recommended the need to improve the environment and conditions of ELearning by working to provide the requirements of ELearning, spreading the culture of scientific research through ELearning strategies, and twinning between Palestinian foreign universities to benefit from the experiences of foreign universities in this field. Who use their time to develop their performance and research. REFERENCES [1] Abdalmenem, S. A. M., et al. (2018). "The Performance Efficiency of University Education between Reality and Expectations." International Journal of Academic Management Science Research (IJAMSR) 2(10): 66-76. [2] Abo Khatwa, Al-Sayed Abdul Mawla (2013). "Designing an Electronic Learning Environment by Integrating the Model and Facebook System and its Impact on the Development of Cognitive Achievement and Systemic Thought in the University", Journal of Arab Studies in Education and Psychology, No. 39, Part Two, p. 203. [3] Abu Naser, S. S. and M. J. Al Shobaki (2017). "Organizational Excellence and the Extent of Its Clarity in the Palestinian Universities from the Perspective of Academic Staff." International Journal of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering 6(2): 47-59. [4] Abdalmenem, S. A., et al. (2018). "Performance Efficiency of University Education from Students Perspective." International Journal of Engineering and Information Systems (IJEAIS) 2(11): 10-24. [5] Abu Naser, S. S., & Al Shobaki, M. J. (2017). The Impact of Senior Management Support in the Success of the e-DMS. International Journal of Engineering and Information Systems (IJEAIS), 1(4), 47-63. [6] Abu Naser, S. S., et al. (2017). "Trends of Palestinian Higher Educational Institutions in Gaza Strip as Learning Organizations." International Journal of Digital Publication Technology 1(1): 1-42. [7] Ahmad, H. R., et al. (2018). "Information Technology Role in Determining Communication Style Prevalent Among Al-Azhar University Administrative Staff." International Journal of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering ` 7(4): 21-43. [8] Ahmad, Reham (2012). "Using E-Learning to Achieve Quality Standards in the Scientific Process", Arab Journal for Quality Assurance of University Education, No. 3, p. (12). International Journal of Academic Pedagogical Research (IJAPR) ISSN: 2643-9603 Vol. 3 Issue 9, September - 2019, Pages: 8-19  18 [9] Al Shobaki, M. J. and S. S. Abu Naser (2016). "The Dimensions of Organizational Excellence in the Palestinian Higher Education Institutions from the Perspective of the Students." GLOBAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY STUDIES 5(11): 66-100. [10] Al Shobaki, M. J., & Abu Naser, S. S. (2017). The Role of the Practice of Excellence Strategies in Education to Achieve Sustainable Competitive Advantage to Institutions of Higher Education-Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology at Al-Azhar University in Gaza a Model. International Journal of Digital Publication Technology, 1(2), 135-157. [11] Al-Anzi, Ahmed Mohammed (2016). The Impact of Information and Education Technology on Improving the Performance of Teaching Staff in the Faculty of Basic Education in the Field of Scientific Research, The First Conference for the Development of the Academic Performance of Colleges of Education, p. 666. [12] Al-Baz, Mohamed Mostafa (2015). The role of the organizational learning portal in the development of a culture of excellence. Comparative field study between Egyptian universities and foreign universities, unpublished master thesis, Faculty of Commerce, Suez Canal University, pp. 11-121. [13] Al-Dossari, Nawaf (2014). "Preparation of e-Learning Teacher in Saudi Arabia: A Proposed Model," International Journal, Vol. 3, No. 9, p. 29. [14] Al-Gamal, Nihad Hussein (2014). The role of electronic administration in increasing the efficiency of university performance, PhD thesis, Suez Canal University, Faculty of Commerce, pp. 4-197. [15] Almasri, A., et al. (2018). "The Organizational Structure and its Role in Applying the Information Technology Used In the Palestinian Universities-Comparative Study between Al-Azhar and the Islamic Universities." International Journal of Academic and Applied Research (IJAAR) 2(6): 1-22. [16] Al-Matari, Hassan (2013). Designing and testing a questionnaire to measure the reality of ELearning in Arab universities in the light of quality standards, the scientific journal of the Faculty of Education, University of Hodeidah, Volume 29, No. 4, pp. 195-202. [17] Al-Otaibi, Nawaf Mohammed (2010). Scientific research and its impact on the development of elements and components of the educational process University of the proposed model, the National Center for the development of education, pp. 2-40. [18] Al-Quds Open University (2013). Methods of Scientific Research, Foundation Course, Course No. (0204), Amman, National Library, p. 65. [19] Al-Saadi, Mohammed (2013). Requirements for the use of ELearning in the faculties of the University of Maysan from the point of view of faculty members, Second Regional ELearning Conference, Kuwait, 25-2 March 7. [20] Badwan, J. J., et al. (2017). "Adopting Technology for Customer Relationship Management in Higher Educational Institutions." International Journal of Engineering and Information Systems (IJEAIS) 1(1): 20-28. [21] Brown, Jodi Constantine & Hyun-Sun Park, Comparing Student Research Competencies in Online and Traditional Face-to-Face Learning Environments, The Online Journal of Distance Education and ELearning, P1, Vol.3, Issue 1 ,January (2015). [22] Cengiz.H, & Other (2015). "Comparing Student Research Competencies in Online and Traditional Faceto-Face Learning Environments, The Online",Journal of Distance Education and e-Learning, January Vol. 3, Issue1, P54. [23] Chen, Catherine. "Effective Learning Strategies for the 21st Century: Implications for the ELearning." Developing Effective Educational Experiences through Learning Analytics (2016): P143. [24] Chiang Kao. And Hwei Lan Pao, "An evaluation of research performance in management of 168 Taiwan universities", Journal: Scientometrics, Vol. 78, No.2, ، (2008) ، P.P.1-17. [25] David, Castillo-Merino, and Serradell-López, Enric (2014). "An analysis of the determinants of students' performance in ELearning." Computers in Human Behavior 30, 476-484 [26] El-Banna, Adel El-Said and Sorour, Said Abdel Ghany (2009). Predicting the quality of research performance in the light of beliefs of self-efficacy among a sample of graduate students, Journal of the Future of Education, No. (4), p.2. [27] El-Baz, Mohamed Mostafa (2015). The Role of Organizational Learning Approach in Developing Culture of Excellence: A Comparative Field Study between Egyptian and Foreign Universities, Unpublished Master Thesis, Faculty of Commerce, Suez Canal University, pp. 11-121. [28] Hamid, Mohammed Abdullah (2013). A Proposed Concept for Developing the Research Performance of Yemeni Universities, Nazareth University Journal, No. 1, p. 192. [29] Hottenrott, Hanna & Thorwarth (2011). "Susanne Industry Funding of University Research and Scientific Productivity", Discussion Paper No. 10-105.Belgium, P341. [30] Jad Al-Rab, Sayyid Muhammad (2015). "Contemporary Trends in Business Administration Approaches to Competitive Excellence", Cairo, Academy Library, p. 220. [31] Junghoon, Leem (2007). The Current Status of eLearning and Strategies to Enhance Educational Competitiveness in Korean Higher Education, International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning journal Vol.8, P.P.3-123. International Journal of Academic Pedagogical Research (IJAPR) ISSN: 2643-9603 Vol. 3 Issue 9, September - 2019, Pages: 8-19  19 [32] Katharine Jewitt BA Hons, MA, MAODE, MSc HRM, MRES, MBA, MEd, FHEA , The Digital revolution, Digital learning fellowship strategy plan,(2016) , P7. [33] Lamushi, Zahia (2016). E-learning as a mechanism to raise the level of performance in universities under information technology, 11th Conference Learning in the era of digital technology / Tripoli, 22-24 April, AlArabi University Mehdi Algeria, p. 777. [34] Madi, S. A., El Talla, S. A., Abu-Naser, S. S., & Al Shobaki, M. J. (2018). The Organizational Structure and its Impact on the Pattern of Leadership in Palestinian Universities. International Journal of Academic Management Science Research (IJAMSR), 2(6), 1-26. [35] Madi, S. A., et al. (2018). "The dominant pattern of leadership and Its Relation to the Extent of Participation of Administrative Staff in Decision-Making in Palestinian Universities." International Journal of Academic Management Science Research (IJAMSR) 2(7): 20-43. [36] Abdalmenem, S. A., et al. (2019). "Increasing the Efficiency of Palestinian University Performance through the Implementation of E-Learning Strategies." International Journal of Academic Management Science Research (IJAMSR) 3(7): 15-28. [37] Abdalmenem, S. A., et al. (2019). "Relationship between e-Learning Strategies and Educational Performance Efficiency in Universities from Senior Management Point of View." International Journal of Academic Information Systems Research (IJAISR) 3(6): 1-7. [38] Abdalmenem, S. A., Owda, R. O., Owda, Maram, Abu Naser, Samy S., Al Shobaki, Mazen J. and Abu Amuna, Youssef M. (2019). Improving Research Performance Efficiency in Palestinian Universities Using E-learning Strategies, International Journal of Academic Information Systems Research (IJAISR), 3 (8), 20-27 [39] Madi, S. A., et al. (2018). "The Organizational Structure and its Impact on the Pattern of Leadership in Palestinian Universities." International Journal of Academic Management Science Research (IJAMSR) 2(6): 1-26. [40] Michelle, B & others (6102) . Student Success Learning to 18 Strategy for2014/2015", (1), P21. [41] Morais, Rita, Nasser, R. Hassan, G. Issa, M. Akbar .J & Yosef, H. (2014). ELearning in European Higher Education Institutions .J.Exp,Bio,Vol.4 [42] Mushtaha, Zaki (2013). "The priorities of scientific research in the field of open education, from the perspective of faculty members," International Conference on Open Higher Education in the Arab World Challenges and Opportunities, Al-Quds Open University, 8-10 October. [43] Nicholas A. Esenea*, Simeon Ozuombab, Obinwa Christian Amaefulec, Strategies for Improving Quality of Education in Nigeria through the Use of Community Informatics Social ELearning Network, International Journal of Computer (IJC)) Volume 8, No 1, (2014). [44] Owda, R. O., Owda, M., Abed, M. N., Abdalmenem, S. A., Abu-Naser, S. S., & Al Shobaki, M. J. (2019). Design Thinking and Its Use in NGOs in Gaza Strip. International Journal of Academic Multidisciplinary Research (IJAMR), 3(7), 41-52. [45] Owda, R. O., Owda, M., Abed, M. N., Abdalmenem, S. A., Abu-Naser, S. S., & Al Shobaki, M. J. (2019). Managing the Design of Operations in Local NGOs in Gaza Strip. International Journal of Academic Information Systems Research (IJAISR), 3(7), 37-47. [46] Pilar Ficapal-Cusía*, Joan Boada-Graub, ELearning and Team-based Learning. Practical experience in virtual teams, Procardia - J. Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 74, (2015). [47] Quality Program (2012). QM Quality Matters TM Rubrics standrs", 2011-2013 edition with Assigned point, values: 1, P.42. [48] Radwan, Sami Abdel Samie (2013). Developing Research Performance in Emerging Universities in the Light of Community Partnership and Institutional Networking, Dirasat Journal of University Education, Sulaiman Bin Abdulaziz University, No. (42), p. 223 [49] Shamia, M. J., et al. (2018). "Using the Asian Knowledge Model "APO" as a Determinant for Performance Excellence in Universities-Empirical Study at Al-Azhar University-Gaza." International Journal of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering 7(1): 1-19. [50] Sultan, Y. S. A., et al. (2018). "Effect of the Dominant Pattern of Leadership on the Nature of the Work of Administrative Staff at Al-Aqsa University." International Journal of Academic Information Systems Research (IJAISR) 2(7): 8-29. [51] Sultan, Y. S. A., et al. (2018). "The Style of Leadership and Its Role in Determining the Pattern of Administrative Communication in Universities-Islamic University of Gaza as a Model." International Journal of Academic Management Science Research (IJAMSR) 2(6): 26-42. [52] Uikar .B, (2014)."E-learning strategies development at university level" OP.Cit., P.2. [53] Zaqout, I., et al. (2018). "Information Technology used and it's Impact on the Participation of Administrative Staff in Decision-Making in Palestinian Universities." International Journal of Academic Multidisciplinary Research (IJAMR) 2(8): 7-26.