hiv_protein_product
stringclasses 23
values | hiv_protein_name
stringclasses 23
values | interaction_type
stringlengths 5
34
| human_protein_product
stringlengths 11
14
| human_protein_name
stringlengths 4
132
| reference_list
stringlengths 7
8.16k
| description
stringlengths 19
256
| hiv_protein_sequence
stringclasses 23
values | human_protein_sequence
stringlengths 54
5.89k
⌀ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 19214216,19461879,19474106,20201792,20434978,20444900,20485522,20688520,20708210,21176220,21687426,21994744,22553496,23919512,24109238 | Human-monkey tetherin chimeras reveal that the transmembrane domains (amino acids I33V, I36L, P40L, and T45I) of tetherin are determinants of sensitivity/resistance to Vpu | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 19244337,19478868,19515779,19837671,20012522,20201792,20386718,20434978,20485522,20571604,20798829,20858517,20980512,21176220,21741003,21775465,21813615,21900423,21902775,21922073,21994665,21994744,21994772,22180752,22479182,22509177,22524176,22524177,22524179,22524180,22553496,22811908,23043100,23831603,24782851,24822052,25807049 | HIV-1 Vpu interacts with BST-2 in the trans-Golgi network or in early endosomes, leading to lysosomal degradation of BST-2. Vpu-mediated downregulation of BST-2 depends on cellular ubiquitination machinery via betaTrCP | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 19461879,20012522,20201792,20434978,20485522,21176220,21994744,22264038,22524177,23633949 | Mutation of a single amino acid (T45I) in the transmembrane region of BST-2 results in insensitivity to HIV-1 Vpu while maintaining antiviral activity | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 19474106,19515779,20012522,20147395,20201792,20434978,20485522,21176220,21994744,22180752,22524177,22553496,22811908,23633949 | HIV-1 Vpu co-immunoprecipitates with BST-2 in HEK293T cells and in HeLa Tet-Off cells. Deletion of two leucine residues at positions 22 and 23 in tetherin diminishes its association with Vpu | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 19474106,20012522,20147395,20201792,20434978,20485522,22180752,22524177,22553496,22811908 | Deletion of amino acids leucine's 22/23 in BST-2 significantly diminishes its association with Vpu, leading to its resistance to antagonism by Vpu | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 19478868,19730691,19837671,20012522,20078884,20201792,20386718,20434978,20485522,21176220,21237475,21310048,21610122,21674066,21741003,21902775,21994665,21994744,22524176,22524179,22524180,22811908,23514615,24574397,25759385,26656785 | The betaTrCP binding motif DSGxxS of Vpu is required for optimal downregulation of BST-2 and enhancement of virion-release. Vpu serine (S52/S56) mutants are severely impaired for their ability to counteract tetherin antiviral activity | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 19478868,20012522,20201792,20485522,22524177,24782851 | The plasma membrane clathrin adaptor protein complex AP-2 (mu2) is required for optimal downregulation of cell surface BST-2 by Vpu | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | degrades | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 19730691,20419159,20434978,20485522,22180752,22524179,22524180,23831603,24822052 | Vpu requires a functional polyubiquitin/proteasome system for efficient tetherin degradation. K48R ubiquitin mutant partially blocks Vpu-mediated tetherin downregulation | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 19730691,20485522,20858517,20980512,22479182,22524179 | HIV-1 Vpu and beta-TrCP co-immunoprecipitate with tetherin | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | degrades | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 19730691,21176220,22524180,23831603 | A functional ER-associated degradation pathway is required for Vpu-induced tetherin degradation. P97 ATPase (VCP) knockdown partially impairs Vpu-mediated tetherin degradation | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 19737401,20012522,20201792,20434978,20485522 | Monomeric tetherin and non-glycosylated tetherin are expressed at the cell surface and are sensitive to Vpu-induced downregulation | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 19917491,19917496,20012522,20201792,20434978,20638642,20926557,21176220,21775465,21900423,21955466,21994744,22171785,22180752,22509177,22524175,22811908,22855686,24822052 | HIV-1 Vpu proteins from nonpandemic HIV-1 O and P strains are poor mediators of human tetherin downregulation. Vpus from nonpandemic HIV-1 N strains are as good tetherin antagonists as those from pandemic HIV-1 M strains | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 20019814 | HIV-1 Vpu antagonizes the effects of BCA2 on HIV-1 particle production in ""tetherin-positive"" cells | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | relocalizes | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 20147389,20529266,21176220,21610122,23633949 | In HIV-1-producing cells, CD317 relocalizes predominantly to TfR-positive recycling endosomes, to EEA1-postive early endosomes, and to gin97-positive trans-Golgi network compartments, with some present on late endocytic structures | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | degrades | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 20147395,20434978,20485522,20980512,21176220,21994744,22180752,22524177,22524178,22553496,22811908 | Lysine residues (K18/K21) in tetherin are determinants for Vpu-mediated depletion of tetherin. This depletion, however, is dispenable for potent antagonism of the tetherin-mediated restriction of HIV-1 particle release | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 20179761,20434978,20485522,21994744,22180752,22524177,22811908,23514615,23633949,24109238 | HIV-1 Vpu interacts with CD317 via its transmembrane region (amino acids 4-27) in living cells | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | relocalizes | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 20386718,20434978,20485522,21191020,21610122,21994665,21994744,22398279,22479182,22524180,24822052 | Vpu interferes with tetherin trafficking to the cell-surface and causes a relocalization of the cellular tetherin with a TGN marker TGN46 in the TGN, suggesting Vpu-mediated antagonism of tetherin involves binding and sequestration of tetherin in the TGN | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | induces ubiquitination of | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 20419159,20434978,20485522,20980512,21994744,22383521,22811908 | Tetherin cytoplasmic tail lysine residues (K18 and K21) are ubiquitinated in the presence of HIV-1 Vpu and KSHV K5 | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 20861258,23831603 | HIV-1 Vpu rescues the decreased production of infectious HIV-1 virions and restores the diminished reverse transcriptase activities of the culture supernatants as a result of BST-2 inhibition | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | inhibits | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 20920359,23223624 | HIV-1 BF recombinant Vpu is associated with increased viral particle production when compared to WT B variant virus in tetherin-expressing cell lines | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | inhibits | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 20926557,21775465,22072710,22180752,22264038,22524177,22811908,23284757,23582304 | Alanine-scanning mutagenesis and Ala-to-Leu replacement through the HIV-1 Vpu transmembrane domain (residues 5-28) reveals A14 and W22 are required for tetherin antagonism | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | induces ubiquitination of | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 20980512,21994744,22180752,22383521,22524178 | All potential acceptor sites (Ser3, Thr4, Ser5, Cys9, Lys18, Cys20, and Lys21) in the cytoplasmic domain of BST2 contribute to Vpu-induced ubiquitination | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 20980512,22524178 | The STS sequence in the cytoplasmic domain of BST2 is required for optimal Vpu-mediated downregulation of BST2 from the cell surface and the counteraction of virion release by Vpu | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 21068238,21994744,22180752,22264038,22524178,23919512,24822052 | The residues including 22 to 24 and 34 to 42 of tetherin play a crucial role in the Vpu interaction. I34, L37, and L41 of tetherin are involved in the determination of Vpu susceptibility | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 21191020,21902775 | HIV-1 Vpu accelerates the turnover of mature endogenous BST-2 in both HeLa and CEMx174 cells. The interference of Vpu with the newly synthesized BST-2 results in the gradual depletion of cell surface BST-2 | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | inhibits | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 21209114,21994744 | Tetherin inhibits influenza virus neuraminidase (NA) virus-like particle (VLP) release, which is antagonized by HIV-1 Vpu | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 21237475,21775465,23919512 | HIV-1 Vpu-A18H downregulates the expression of BST-2 at the cell surface and enhances virion release inefficiently through a reduced interaction with BST-2 | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 21304933,22479182,22524179,22524180,22811908 | HRS, an ESCRT-0 complex component, is required for the Vpu-induced downregulation of BST-2, indicating that Vpu-induced BST-2 degradation involves the ESCRT/MVB pathway | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 21304933,22479182,22524180 | HRS interacts with both HIV-1 Vpu and tetherin by co-precipitation analysis | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 21304933,22524180 | The v-ATPase VPS4 is required for Vpu-induced cell surface downregulation of BST-2 | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 21310048,22811908 | Co-depletion of beta-TrCP1 and beta-TrCP2 support Vpu's activity to enhance virus release and to downregulate endogenous tetherin in TZM-bl cells | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | inhibits | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 21601230,21775465,21994744,22180752,22524177,23582304,24822052 | HIV-1 Vpu transmembrane mutants A14N and A18N do not support virus release in the presence of CD317, suggesting that Ala residues at position 14 and 18 are required to antagonize CD317 | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | binds | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 21601230,22180752 | HIV-1 Vpu ion channel mutant S23A binds and antagonizes CD317, indicating that its ion channel function is not correlated with its ability to downregulate cell surface CD317 | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 21607084,21994744,22180752,22524177 | HIV-1 Vpu transmembrane domain mutants V9D and I19D fail to promote HIV-1 virion release and to downregulate cell surface tetherin | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 21607084,22180752,22524178 | HIV-1 Vpu cytoplasmic domain mutants S56G and E59K fail to enhance HIV-1 virion release but can reduce cell surface tetherin, suggesting that downregulation of cell surface tetherin and enhancement of virion release by Vpu are not always correlated | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | disrupts | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 21610122 | CD317 exhibits a fast recycling kinetic that is sensitive to treatment with primaquine, a strong recycling inhibitor. HIV-1 Vpu interferes with the recycling of CD317 | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | inhibits | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 21687426,22509177,24227834 | Rhesus BST2 inhibits the release of HIV-1 from cells and is resistant to HIV-1 Vpu. Transfer of residues 30-45 of human BST2 into rhesus BST2 is sufficient to confer sensitivity to Vpu | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | modulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 21757214 | Endogenous tetherin cell surface expression in T-cell lines H9, CEM-CCRF and CEM-SS are different and that affects HIV-1 Vpu-mediated tetherin modulation on virus release | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | inhibits | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 21775449 | SHIV Vpu proteins can counteract human and rhesus BST-2 | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 21775465,24075872 | The retention of HIV-1 Vpu from group O in ER-associated compartments confers a defect to antagonism even when interaction with tetherin is mediated through a chimeric TM domain | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 21813615 | Dominant negative dynamin 2 (K44A) acts as an inhibitor of clathrin-mediated endocytosis and that it inhibits the downregulation of BST-2 from the cell surface by HIV-1 Vpu and HIV-2 Env | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 21813615,22479182 | The C-terminal fragment of the clathrin assembly protein AP180 inhibits the downregulation of BST-2 from the cell surface by HIV-1 Vpu and HIV-2 Env | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 21902775,24075872 | HIV-1 Vpu downregulates cell-surface BST-2 levels without qualitatively affecting the distribution of the restriction factor at the plasma membrane in HIV-1-infected Jurkat cells | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 21955466,22180752,23919512,24075872 | Analysis of the chimera HIV-1 Vpu proteins from group M and O shows that alanine-18 is important for group M Vpu localization and tetherin-Vpu interaction | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | inhibits | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 22072710,22264038 | An N-terminal deletion and T45I substitution in the TMD of human tetherin render the protein unresponsive to antagonism by HIV-1 Vpu | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | binds | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 22072710,22524177 | NMR studies reveal that the 10AXXXAXXXAXXXW22 face of the Vpu transmembrane domain (TMD) directly binds to the large hydrophobic residues (aa 22-47) of the tetherin TMD in an anti-parallel manner | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | inhibits | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 22072966,22524180 | Reduced HIV-1 release in Rab7A-depleted cells is related to expression of the restriction factor tetherin, suggesting that Rab7A contributes to the mechanism by which Vpu counteracts tetherin and rescues HIV-1 release | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 22110710 | BIT225, HIV-1 Vpu viroporin inhibitor, does not affect Vpu-tetherin interactions | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 22222210 | The putative cholesterol recognition amino acid consensus (CRAC) motif (residues 25-31) of HIV-1 Vpu mediates lipid raft association of Vpu, but is dispensable for the downregulation of cell surface BST-2 | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 22264038,22524177 | A computer modeling method predicts that the interface is composed of Vpu residues I6, A10, A14, A18, V25 and W22, and BST-2 residues L23, I26, V30, I34, V35, L41, I42, and T45 | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 22315404 | IFNalpha/ribavirin treatment in vivo induces APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F, and BST-2 expression and results in hyper-mutations in viral genome and A11G/S61A mutations in HIV-1 Vpu. These two mutations in Vpu enhances the interaction between BST-2 and Vpu | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 22357275 | Downregulation of CD4 and BST2 by HIV-1 Vpu is observed in HIV-1 infected humanized mice | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | degrades | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 22405001,22524180,22811908 | The ubiquitin associated protein 1 (UBAP1)-containing ESCRT-I is essential for degradation of antiviral cell-surface protein such as tetherin (BST-2/CD317) by HIV-1 Vpu | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 22479182 | HIV-1 Vpu E/L/V mutants interact with tetherin in infected cells and are incorporated into nascent virions in a tetherin-dependent manner | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | modulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 22479182 | Mutation of the 59EXXXLV64 motif in HIV-1 Vpu leads to endosomal and surface localization of Vpu and modulates the trafficking of tetherin | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | inhibits | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 22479182 | Overexpression of clathrin coat-associated protein AP180 inhibits Vpu-mediated tetherin antagonism but adaptor protein-1, adaptor protein-2, and adaptor protein-3 are dispensable | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 22479182,22524180,22811908,24843023 | The 59EXXXLV64 motif in HIV-1 Vpu is required for Vpu-mediated tetherin downregulation. Vpu E/L/V mutant fails to downregulate tetherin but still interact with beta-TrCP2 and HRS (ESCRT-0) | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | inhibits | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 22520941 | HIV-1 Vpu partially antagonizes the restriction of BST2 on HCV production and release from BST2 expressing Huh7.5 cells | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 22530020 | P40L/T45I mutations in human tetherin leads to drastically decreased susceptibility of the mutant to HIV-1 Vpu, while susceptibility to SIVden Vpu increases to 50%, suggesting that these two residues participate in the species-specific activity of Vpu | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 22980332 | Tetherin expression is upregulated following HIV-1 infection of monocytes-derived macrophages and is not fully downregulated by HIV-1 Vpu | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 22980333 | HIV-1 Vpu from chimpanzee-adapted HIV-1 JC16 downregulates both human and chimpanzee tetherin proteins as efficiently as that of HIV-1 NL4-3 Vpu | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | inhibited by | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 23028328,24623426 | Alternative translation initiation produces two isoforms of tetherin, l-isoform and s-isoform, which restrict HIV-1 (Vpu-) particle release, but only l-isoform is sentitive to counteraction by Vpu | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 23047923 | SCYL2 inhibits Vpu-induced BST2 and CD4 reduction at the cell surface by suppressing the phosphorylation of Vpu at positions Ser-52 and Ser-56 | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 23188559 | Overexpression of BST2 and downregulation of HIV-1 Vpu in HIV-1 infected TZM-bl cells inhibit HIV-1 replication | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 23201263 | Tetherin delGPI mutant directly interacts with HIV-1 Vpu and inhibits Vpu-induced degradation of tetherin and CD4. Transient expression of tetherin delGPI mutant also inhibits infectious HIV-1 release in tetherin-positive cells | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | inhibits | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 23221546 | HIV-1 Vpu inhibits endogenous expression BST2-induced NF-kappaB activity in cells, and the inhibition requires the beta-TrCP binding motif (residues 51-56; DSGxxS) in Vpu | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 23284757 | The cytoplasmic tail of HIV-1 Vpu, specifically within the cytoplasmic tail hinge region (amino acids 47-60), are required for downregulation of both human tetherin and gibbon ape leukemia virus envelope (GaLV Env) | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 23308067 | HIV-1 Vpu proteins from Cameroonian group N viruses are largely unable to downregulate tetherin. Four amino acid substitutions (E15A, V19A and IV25/26LL) in the transmembrane domain of N-Vpu allow efficient interaction with human tetherin | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | inhibits | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 23514615 | Chimeras between the TMD of HIV-1 M Vpu and the cytoplasmic domains of SIVcpzPtt, SIVcpzPts, and SIVgor Vpu proteins are capable of counteracting human tetherin to enhance virion release | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 23555649,23582304 | HIV-1 Vpu variants from the group C show moderate virus release activity in comparison to group B Vpu variants. The TM domain from the inactive Vpu C is responsible for a significant decrease in egress activity and BST-2 downregulation | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | inhibits | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 23633949 | The C-terminal alpha-helix (H2) of HIV-1 Vpu cytoplasmic tail domain (CTD) is sufficient to remove tetherin from sites of viral assembly and is necessary for full tetherin antagonist activity | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 23633949 | The residues Q2, P3, I4, A7, V20, V21, V25, I26, and I27 of the TM domain in HIV-1 Vpu form crosslinks with the residues LLL22-4, G27, I28, L29, P40, L41, I43, F44, T45, and I46 of the TM domain in tetherin | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | relocalizes | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 23633949,24086611 | Tetherin is in lipid rafts at the cell surface. Expression of HIV-1 Vpu relocalizes tetherin from the lipid rafts to intracellular endosome and lysosome compartments | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | inhibits | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 23937976 | Amino acid substitution variants of tetherin (Y8H, R19H, N49S, D103N, E117A, D129E and V146L) in human populations maintain its ability to restrict virion release but do not confer resistance to HIV-1 Vpu or SIVtan Env | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 24036078 | A combination of molecular dynamics simulations and docking approaches shows the lowest energy structure of Vpu-BST2, indicating that Leu-11/14/19/23 and Ile-10/15/18 in BST2 interact with the alanine rim (Ala-8/11/15/19) of Vpu | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 24086611,25360760 | Expression of HIV-1 Vpu induces co-localization of tetherin with early endosome protein EEA-1 or late endosome protein LAMP-1 | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | interacts with | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 24109238 | BiFC assay demonstrates that the cytoplasmic domain (CD) of HIV-1 Vpu physically interacts with both human and rhesus tetherins. The (G/D)DIWK motif in the CD of rhesus tetherin is responsible for the interaction and the functional antagonism by Vpu | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 24195843 | HIV-1 Vpu-mediated BST-2 downregulation is critical for HIV-1 replication and propagation in vivo in a beta-TrCP dependent manner, especially at early times post-infection | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | relocalizes | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 24257748 | Biotinylation technique in living cells demonstrates that HIV-1 Vpu-induced ER-to-cytosol retro-translocation of tetherin is first exposed to the cytosol as a dimeric oxidized complex and then becomes deglycosylated and reduces to monomers | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 24465210,24574397 | Individual Vpu proteins isolated from chronically or acutely infected patients differ substantially in their CD4 and tetherin downregulation function at the cell surface | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 24465210,25759385 | HIV-1 Vpu mutations (A19E, E29K, II43,46SL, R49G/T, SN53,55RH, S53N, E58K) derived from HIV-1 infected patients have defects for both CD4 and tetherin downregulation | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | inhibits | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 24498878,24623433,24733916,25396265 | RNAi-knockdown of tetherin, but not CD4 or NTB-A, increases the resistance of HIV-infected cells to antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), suggesting Vpu protects infected cells from ADCC as a function of its ability to counteract tetherin | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 24623426 | HIV-1 group N Vpu from Togo downregulates both tetherin isoforms. HIV-2 Env, SIVmac Nef, and KSHV K5 target tetherin isoforms with equal efficiency | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | inhibits | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 24623433,25396265 | The ability of HIV-1 Vpu to antagonize tetherin is important for the antibody opsonization of HIV-infected cells, which in turn increases FCGRIII (CD16) signaling | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | binds | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 24676648 | The peptide BST2-TM-P1 competes with BST-2 binding to HIV-1 Vpu, resulting in restoration of the BST-2 level at HeLa-Vpu cell surface | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | inhibited by | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 25347789 | N-terminally deleted BST-2 inhibits HIV-1 Vpu-defective and wild-type HIV-1 particle release, and the BST-2 mutant impairs its activity to activate NF-kappaB activation | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | stabilizes | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 25360760 | HIV-1 Vpu stabilizes human tetherin in African green monkey kidney COS cells and still counteracts the ability of tetherin to suppress virus release | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | disrupts | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 25759385 | HIV-1 Vpu disrupts the co-localization between HIV-1 Gag and tetherin in a Trp-76-dependent manner in HeLa P4-R5 cells | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | relocalizes | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 26172439 | Vpu relocalizes/redistributes BST2 outside assembly sites in primary CD4+ T cells and in SupT1 cells expressing the short BST2 isoform | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | requires | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 26172439 | Vpu-mediated modulation of IFN-1 production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells requires the presence of BST2 on infected donor cells | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | requires | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 26172439 | Vpu-mediated suppresion of IFN-1 production requires engagement and activation of the LILRA4 (ILT7) plasmacytoid dendritic cell receptor by BST2 | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 26184634 | HIV-1 Vpus from transmission/founder virus clones downregulates BST2 (Tetherin) but do not efficiently downregulate CD4 | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 26184634 | Vpu from most transmission/founder HIV-1 downregulates BST2 and significantly correlates with level of virus release but did not efficiently downregulate CD4 | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 26215564 | HIV-1 (NL4-3) Vpu downregulates BST2 via a cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex-independent mechanism | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 26215564,26439863 | HIV-1 Vpu downregulates cell (CEMT4, Primary CD4+ T cells) surface expression of BST2 (tetherin) | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | counteracts | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 26317613 | Vpu counteracts BST2 (tetherin) antiviral activity in HIV-1 transduced cells (293T vs 293T stably expressing BST2(tetherin)) | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | antagonizes | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 26385832 | HIV-1 Vpu antagonizes BST2 restiction of HIV-1 replication as demonstrated via mathematical modeling | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | downregulates | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 26656785 | HIV-1 (NL4-3) Vpu downregulates BST2 (CD317/Tetherin); downregulation is dependent on the presence of serines at positions 52 and 56 in Vpu | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | increases | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 27103333 | HIV-1 Vpu (membrane proximal basic residues required) increases the levels of a 23-kDa form of unglycosylated tetherin (transmembrane domain required) in the presence of overexpressed SGTA whereby the C-terminus of SGTA is required for this to occur | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
NP_057855.1 | Vpu | inhibits | NP_004326.1 | bone marrow stromal antigen 2 precursor | 27654287 | HIV-1 subtypes A, B, C, D, and G Vpus inhibit tetherin and allow for HIV-1 release | MQPIPIVAIVALVVAIIIAIVVWSIVIIEYRKILRQRKIDRLIDRLIERAEDSGNESEGEISALVEMGVEMGHHAPWDVDDL | MASTSYDYCRVPMEDGDKRCKLLLGIGILVLLIIVILGVPLIIFTIKANSEACRDGLRAVMECRNVTHLLQQELTEAQKGFQDVEAQAATCNHTVMALMASLDAEKAQGQKKVEELEGEITTLNHKLQDASAEVERLRRENQVLSVRIADKKYYPSSQDSSSAAAPQLLIVLLGLSALLQ |
Subsets and Splits