ated ▁by ▁the ▁king ' s ▁wars ▁and ▁religious ▁policies ▁during ▁the ▁ 1 6 7 0 s . ▁In ▁ 1 6 7 2 , ▁Charles ▁issued ▁the ▁Royal ▁Dec laration ▁of ▁Ind ul gence , ▁in ▁which ▁he ▁pur port ed ▁to ▁susp end ▁all ▁pen al ▁laws ▁against ▁C athol ics ▁and ▁other ▁religious ▁diss ent ers . ▁In ▁the ▁same ▁year , ▁he ▁open ly ▁supported ▁Catholic ▁France ▁and ▁started ▁the ▁Third ▁Ang lo - D utch ▁War . ▁ ▁The ▁Caval ier ▁Parliament ▁opposed ▁the ▁Dec laration ▁of ▁Ind ul gence ▁on ▁constitution al ▁grounds ▁by ▁claim ing ▁that ▁the ▁king ▁had ▁no ▁right ▁to ▁arbitr arily ▁susp end ▁laws ▁passed ▁by ▁Parliament . ▁Charles ▁with d rew ▁the ▁Dec laration , ▁and ▁also ▁agreed ▁to ▁the ▁Test ▁Act , ▁which ▁not ▁only ▁required ▁public ▁officials ▁to ▁receive ▁the ▁sacr ament ▁under ▁the ▁forms ▁pres cribed ▁by ▁the ▁Church ▁of ▁England , ▁but ▁also ▁later ▁forced ▁them ▁to ▁den ounce ▁trans ub st anti ation ▁and ▁the ▁Catholic ▁mass ▁as ▁" super st it ious ▁and ▁id ol atr ous ". ▁Cl iff ord , ▁who ▁had ▁converted ▁to ▁Catholic ism , ▁res igned ▁rather ▁than ▁take ▁the ▁o ath , ▁and ▁died ▁shortly ▁after , ▁possibly ▁from ▁suic ide . ▁By ▁ 1 6 7 4 ▁England ▁had ▁gained ▁nothing ▁from ▁the ▁Ang lo - D utch ▁War , ▁and ▁the ▁Caval ier ▁Parliament ▁refused ▁to ▁provide ▁further ▁funds , ▁forcing ▁Charles ▁to ▁make ▁peace . ▁The