▁include ▁soil ▁loss , ▁comp action , ▁and ▁er os ion ; ▁tram pling ▁of ▁veget ation ; ▁reduction ▁in ▁the ▁vast ness ▁of ▁plants ; ▁increased ▁tree ▁death s ▁by ▁che wing ▁on ▁b ark ; ▁damage ▁to ▁bog ▁habit ats ▁and ▁water hol es ; ▁spread ing ▁of ▁invas ive ▁we eds ; ▁and ▁various ▁det r iment al ▁effects ▁on ▁population ▁of ▁native ▁species . ▁In ▁some ▁cases , ▁when ▁fer al ▁horses ▁are ▁start led , ▁they ▁may ▁damage ▁infrastr ucture , ▁including ▁tr ough s , ▁pip es , ▁and ▁f ences . ▁However , ▁Br umb ies ▁are ▁also ▁cred ited ▁for ▁helping ▁keep ▁tracks ▁and ▁tra ils ▁clear ▁for ▁bush ▁walk ers ▁and ▁service ▁vehicles ▁in ▁some ▁areas . ▁▁ ▁In ▁some ▁habit ats , ▁ho ov es ▁of ▁free - ro aming ▁horses ▁compact ▁the ▁soil , ▁and ▁when ▁the ▁soil ▁is ▁compact ed , ▁air ▁spaces ▁are ▁minim ized , ▁leaving ▁now here ▁for ▁water ▁to ▁collect . ▁When ▁this ▁occurs , ▁soil ▁in ▁areas ▁where ▁horses ▁are ▁pre val ent ▁has ▁a ▁water ▁pen etr ation ▁resistance ▁over ▁ 1 5 ▁times ▁higher ▁than ▁that ▁in ▁areas ▁without ▁horses . ▁Tr am pling ▁also ▁causes ▁soil ▁er os ion ▁and ▁dam ages ▁veget ation , ▁and ▁because ▁the ▁soil ▁cannot ▁hold ▁water , ▁plant ▁reg row th ▁is ▁h inder ed . ▁Hor se ▁tram pling ▁also ▁has ▁the ▁potential ▁to ▁damage ▁water ways ▁and ▁bog ▁habit ats . ▁Tr am pling ▁near