▁which ▁ ▁caused ▁Up state ▁New ▁York ▁to ▁have ▁re app oint ed ▁districts ▁so ▁that ▁there ▁would ▁be ▁more ▁votes ▁per ▁district , ▁which ▁gave ▁native ▁New ▁York ers ▁more ▁votes ▁than ▁imm igr ants . ▁It ▁was ▁not ▁until ▁ 1 9 7 4 ▁that ▁the ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁de emed ▁the ▁clause ▁to ▁un const itution al . ▁That ▁created ▁a ▁tur mo il ▁in ▁the ▁politics ▁of ▁New ▁York ▁because ▁the ▁Republican ▁Party ▁lost ▁its ▁hold ▁on ▁the ▁state ▁legisl ature . ▁Since ▁ 1 9 5 9 , ▁Nelson ▁Rock ef eller ▁( 1 9 5 9 – 7 3 ) ▁and ▁George ▁P ata ki ▁( 1 9 9 5 – 2 0 0 6 ) ▁were ▁the ▁only ▁two ▁major ▁Republican ▁govern ors ▁of ▁New ▁York . ▁ ▁Until ▁ 1 9 1 1 , ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁Republican ▁State ▁Committee ▁nominated ▁its ▁candidates ▁through ▁a ▁primary ▁or ▁c au cus ▁system , ▁which ▁meant ▁the ▁average ▁vot er ▁had ▁very ▁little ▁input ▁as ▁to ▁who ▁would ▁be ▁their ▁choice ▁for ▁the ▁state ▁and ▁federal ▁offices . ▁That ▁system ▁was ▁taken ▁out ▁of ▁practice ▁after ▁the ▁passing ▁of ▁the ▁Direct ▁Primary ▁Law ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 1 , ▁which ▁allowed ▁for ▁more ▁input ▁from ▁those ▁present ▁at ▁the ▁primary . ▁ ▁Organ ization ▁ ▁County ▁committee ▁New ▁York ▁State ▁has ▁ 6 2 ▁count ies . ▁Every ▁two ▁years , ▁in ▁each ▁county , ▁Republic ans ▁elect ▁a ▁" Rep ublic an