▁oil ▁sp ill ▁off ▁Canada ’ s ▁East ▁Coast ▁ ▁( about ▁ 2 5 % ▁of ▁the ▁amount ▁sp illed ▁by ▁the ▁Ex x on ▁Val de z ▁in ▁Al aska ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 9 ), ▁there ▁was ▁a ▁Commission ▁of ▁In qu iry . ▁Led ▁by ▁Dr ▁Patrick ▁Mc Tag gart - C owan , ▁executive ▁director ▁of ▁the ▁Science ▁Council ▁of ▁Canada , ▁the ▁Commission ▁found ▁that ▁the ▁Ar row ▁had ▁been ▁operating ▁with ▁almost ▁none ▁of ▁its ▁navigation ▁equipment ▁service able : ▁" rad ar ▁had ▁ceased ▁to ▁function ▁an ▁hour ▁before ▁the ▁ship ▁struck ; ▁the ▁echo ▁sound er ▁had ▁not ▁been ▁in ▁working ▁condition ▁for ▁two ▁months ; ▁and ▁the ▁gy ro comp ass ... ▁had ▁a ▁permanent ▁error ▁of ▁three ▁degrees ▁west . ▁The ▁officer ▁on ▁watch ▁at ▁the ▁time ▁of ▁the ▁accident , ▁the ▁ship ' s ▁third ▁officer , ▁" had ▁no ▁license " ▁and ▁none ▁of ▁the ▁crew ▁had ▁any ▁navig ational ▁skill ▁except ▁the ▁master , ▁" and ▁there ▁are ▁even ▁doub ts ▁about ▁his ▁ability ." ▁ ▁Mon aco ▁On ass is ▁arrived ▁in ▁the ▁Mediter rane an ▁princip ality ▁of ▁Mon aco ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 3 ▁and ▁began ▁to ▁purchase ▁the ▁shares ▁of ▁Mon aco ' s ▁Société ▁des ▁b ains ▁de ▁mer ▁de ▁Mon aco ▁( SB M ) ▁via ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁front ▁companies ▁in ▁the ▁tax ▁haven ▁of ▁Pan ama , ▁and ▁took ▁control ▁of ▁the ▁organisation ▁in ▁the ▁summer ▁of ▁that ▁year