; ▁and ▁the ▁title ▁increased ▁Abd ▁al - R ah man ' s ▁prest ige ▁with ▁his ▁subjects , ▁both ▁in ▁I ber ia ▁and ▁Africa . ▁He ▁based ▁his ▁claim ▁to ▁the ▁cal i ph ate ▁on ▁his ▁Um ay y ad ▁ancest ors ▁who ▁had ▁held ▁und is put ed ▁control ▁of ▁the ▁cal i ph ate ▁until ▁they ▁were ▁over th rown ▁by ▁the ▁Abb as ids . ▁ ▁Abd ▁al - R ah man ' s ▁move ▁made ▁him ▁both ▁the ▁political ▁and ▁the ▁religious ▁leader ▁of ▁all ▁the ▁Muslim s ▁in ▁al - And alus , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁prote ctor ▁of ▁his ▁Christian ▁and ▁Jewish ▁subjects . ▁The ▁symbols ▁of ▁his ▁new ▁cal i ph ate ▁power ▁were ▁a ▁s cep ter ▁( j ay z ur an ) ▁and ▁the ▁throne ▁( s ar ir ). ▁In ▁the ▁mint ▁he ▁had ▁founded ▁in ▁November ▁ 9 2 8 , ▁Abd ▁al - R ah man ▁started ▁to ▁mint ▁gold ▁din ars ▁and ▁silver ▁dir h ams , ▁replacing ▁the ▁" al - And alus " ▁title ▁with ▁his ▁name . ▁ ▁In ▁his ▁new ▁role ▁of ▁cal i ph , ▁he ▁achieved ▁the ▁surrender ▁of ▁I bn ▁Mar wan ▁of ▁B ada j oz ▁in ▁ 9 3 0 ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁surrender ▁of ▁the ▁Ban u ▁D ā nis ▁of ▁Alc á cer ▁do ▁Sal . ▁On ▁the ▁southern ▁front , ▁to ▁counter ▁the ▁increasing ▁F at im id ▁power ▁in ▁North ▁Africa