or ic , ▁described ▁emot ional ▁ar ous al ▁as ▁critical ▁to ▁persu asion , ▁" The ▁or ator ▁persu ades ▁by ▁means ▁of ▁his ▁hear ers , ▁when ▁they ▁are ▁r oused ▁to ▁em otion ▁by ▁his ▁speech ; ▁for ▁the ▁jud g ments ▁we ▁deliver ▁are ▁not ▁the ▁same ▁when ▁we ▁are ▁influenced ▁by ▁joy ▁or ▁sorrow , ▁love ▁or ▁hate ." ▁ ▁Arist ot le ▁war ned ▁that ▁emot ions ▁may ▁give ▁rise ▁to ▁belief s ▁where ▁none ▁existed , ▁or ▁change ▁existing ▁belief s , ▁and ▁may ▁enh ance ▁or ▁decrease ▁the ▁strength ▁with ▁which ▁a ▁belief ▁is ▁held . ▁Sen eca ▁similarly ▁war ned ▁that ▁" Re ason ▁herself , ▁to ▁whom ▁the ▁re ins ▁of ▁power ▁have ▁been ▁entr usted , ▁remains ▁mist ress ▁only ▁so ▁long ▁as ▁she ▁is ▁kept ▁apart ▁from ▁the ▁pass ions ." ▁ ▁Cent uries ▁later . ▁French ▁scient ist ▁and ▁phil os opher , ▁Bla ise ▁Pascal ▁wrote ▁that ▁" Pe ople ▁[...] ▁arrive ▁at ▁their ▁belief s ▁not ▁on ▁the ▁basis ▁of ▁proof , ▁but ▁on ▁the ▁basis ▁of ▁what ▁they ▁find ▁attract ive ." ▁Bar uch ▁Sp ino za ▁character ized ▁emot ions ▁as ▁having ▁the ▁power ▁to ▁" make ▁the ▁mind ▁incl ined ▁to ▁think ▁one ▁thing ▁rather ▁than ▁another ." ▁ ▁Dis ag ree ing ▁with ▁Sen eca ▁the ▁Young er ▁that ▁em otion ▁dest ro ys ▁reason , ▁the ▁ 1 8 th ▁century ▁Scottish ▁phil os opher ▁George ▁Campbell ▁argued , ▁instead , ▁that ▁emot