▁were ▁separ at ists . ▁ ▁Christian ▁separ at ist ▁groups ▁in ▁Indones ia , ▁India ▁and ▁South ▁Carolina ▁( Un ited ▁States ). ▁▁ ▁Z ion ism ▁sought ▁the ▁creation ▁of ▁the ▁State ▁of ▁Israel ▁as ▁a ▁Jewish ▁hom eland , ▁with ▁separation ▁from ▁gent ile ▁Palest ini ans . ▁Simon ▁Dub now , ▁who ▁had ▁mixed ▁feelings ▁toward ▁Z ion ism , ▁form ulated ▁Jewish ▁Aut onom ism , ▁which ▁was ▁adopted ▁in ▁eastern ▁Europe ▁by ▁Jewish ▁political ▁parties ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁Bund ▁and ▁his ▁own ▁Fol ks par tei ▁before ▁World ▁War ▁II . ▁Z ion ism ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁seen ▁as ▁somewhat ▁eth nic ▁too , ▁however , ▁as ▁its ▁definition ▁of ▁who ▁is ▁Jewish ▁has ▁often ▁included ▁people ▁of ▁Jewish ▁background ▁who ▁do ▁not ▁practice ▁the ▁Jewish ▁religion . ▁It ▁is ▁further ▁complicated ▁as ▁some ▁who ▁had ▁ancest ors ▁who ▁converted ▁to ▁J uda ism , ▁such ▁as ▁some ▁Eth iop ian ▁Jews , ▁may ▁not ▁share ▁eth nic ▁history ▁with ▁the ▁Jews , ▁however , ▁are ▁considered ▁to ▁be ▁so ▁but ▁not ▁without ▁debate . ▁ ▁The ▁Part ition ▁of ▁India ▁and ▁( l ater ▁Pakistan ▁and ▁Bang l adesh ) ▁arose ▁as ▁a ▁result ▁of ▁separ at ism ▁on ▁the ▁part ▁of ▁Muslim s . ▁ ▁S ik hs ▁in ▁India ▁sought ▁an ▁independent ▁nation ▁of ▁K hal istan ▁after ▁an ▁ag itation ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 0 s ▁and ▁ 1 9 8 0 s ▁for ▁implementation ▁of ▁the ▁An and pur ▁Sah