▁bio activity ▁and ▁bio compat ibility . ▁Nan oph ase ▁cer am ic ▁drug ▁carri ers ▁are ▁also ▁able ▁to ▁target ▁specific ▁cells . ▁This ▁can ▁be ▁done ▁by ▁manufact uring ▁a ▁material ▁to ▁bond ▁to ▁the ▁specific ▁cell ▁or ▁by ▁applying ▁an ▁external ▁magnetic ▁field , ▁attract ing ▁the ▁car rier ▁to ▁a ▁specific ▁location . ▁ ▁B one ▁Sub st itution ▁Nan oph ase ▁cer am ics ▁have ▁great ▁potential ▁for ▁use ▁in ▁orth op edic ▁medicine . ▁B one ▁and ▁col lagen ▁have ▁structures ▁on ▁the ▁nan osc ale . ▁Nan om aterial s ▁can ▁be ▁manufact ured ▁to ▁simulate ▁these ▁structures ▁which ▁is ▁necessary ▁for ▁gra ft s ▁and ▁impl ants ▁to ▁successfully ▁adapt ▁to ▁and ▁handle ▁varying ▁str esses . ▁The ▁surface ▁properties ▁of ▁nan oph ase ▁cer am ics ▁is ▁also ▁very ▁important ▁for ▁b one ▁substitution ▁and ▁reg ener ation . ▁Nan oph ase ▁cer am ics ▁have ▁much ▁rough er ▁surfaces ▁than ▁larger ▁materials ▁and ▁also ▁have ▁increased ▁surface ▁area . ▁This ▁prom otes ▁react ivity ▁and ▁absor ption ▁of ▁prote ins ▁that ▁assist ▁t issue ▁development . ▁N ano - h ydro xy apat ite ▁is ▁one ▁nan oph ase ▁cer am ic ▁that ▁is ▁used ▁as ▁a ▁b one ▁substitute . ▁N ano ▁gra in ▁size ▁increases ▁the ▁bond ing , ▁growth , ▁and ▁different iation ▁of ▁o ste ob last s ▁onto ▁the ▁cer am ic . ▁The ▁surfaces ▁of ▁nan oph ase ▁cer am ics ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁modified ▁to ▁be