▁changes ▁in ▁matrix ▁de grad ation , ▁integr ins , ▁and ▁components ▁of ▁the ▁EC M . ▁H ox A 5 ▁is ▁imp licated ▁in ▁a ther os cl eros is . ▁H ox D 3 ▁and ▁H ox B 3 ▁are ▁pro in vas ive , ▁ang i ogen ic ▁gen es ▁that ▁up reg ulate ▁b 3 ▁and ▁a 5 ▁integr ins ▁and ▁E f na 1 ▁in ▁EC s , ▁respectively . ▁H ox A 3 ▁indu ces ▁end oth el ial ▁cell ▁( EC ) ▁migration ▁by ▁up reg ulating ▁M MP 1 4 ▁and ▁u PAR . ▁Con vers ely , ▁H ox D 1 0 ▁and ▁H ox A 5 ▁have ▁the ▁opposite ▁effect ▁of ▁suppress ing ▁EC ▁migration ▁and ▁ang i ogen esis , ▁and ▁stabil izing ▁ad her ens ▁j unction s ▁by ▁up reg ulating ▁T I MP 1 / down reg ulating ▁u PAR ▁and ▁M MP 1 4 , ▁and ▁by ▁up reg ulating ▁T sp 2 / down reg ulating ▁V EG FR 2 , ▁E f na 1 , ▁H if 1 alpha ▁and ▁CO X - 2 , ▁respectively . ▁H ox A 5 ▁also ▁up reg ul ates ▁the ▁tum or ▁suppress or ▁p 5 3 ▁and ▁Akt 1 ▁by ▁down reg ulation ▁of ▁P T EN . ▁Supp ression ▁of ▁H ox A 5 ▁has ▁been ▁shown ▁to ▁at ten uate ▁hem ang i oma ▁growth . ▁H ox A 5 ▁has ▁far - re aching ▁effects