▁environmental ▁behavior . ▁The ▁study ▁compared ▁the ▁responses ▁of ▁two ▁groups : ▁an ▁under grad uate ▁class ▁en rolled ▁in ▁a ▁sem inar ▁course ▁supp lement ed ▁by ▁a ▁service ▁learning ▁opportunity ▁clean ing ▁be aches ▁and ▁an ▁under grad uate ▁class ▁en rolled ▁in ▁a ▁traditional ▁labor atory - based ▁environmental ▁science ▁course . ▁Stud ents ▁who ▁participated ▁in ▁beach ▁clean ing ▁reported ▁a ▁significantly ▁greater ▁per ception ▁of ▁knowledge ▁and ▁environment ally - friend ly ▁behavior ▁compared ▁to ▁the ▁students ▁in ▁the ▁labor atory - based ▁class . ▁The ▁students ▁who ▁participated ▁in ▁beach ▁clean ing ▁also ▁saw ▁a ▁significantly ▁greater ▁increase ▁in ▁their ▁scores ▁for ▁perce ived ▁knowledge ▁and ▁environment ally - friend ly ▁behavior ▁compared ▁to ▁the ▁other ▁coh ort . ▁ ▁Edu c ational ▁campaign s ▁can ▁spread ▁knowledge ▁and ▁in cite ▁behavior ▁change ▁beyond ▁the ▁target ▁audience . ▁For ▁example , ▁Hart ley ▁et ▁al . ▁( 2 0 1 5 ) ▁explains ▁that ▁students ▁who ▁participated ▁in ▁beach ▁clean ing ▁with ▁their ▁school ▁encourag ed ▁their ▁friends ▁and ▁family ▁to ▁join ▁them ▁in ▁adopt ing ▁mit ig ation ▁and ▁prevent ion ▁behav iors . ▁ ▁Vol unte ering ▁ ▁Vol unte ering ▁impro ves ▁participants ’ ▁aw aren ess ▁and ▁knowledge ▁about ▁marine ▁l itter ▁and ▁increases ▁the ▁lik elihood ▁that ▁individuals ▁will ▁take ▁continued ▁action ▁to ▁address ▁the ▁issue . ▁For ▁example , ▁Hart ley ▁et ▁al . ▁( 2 0 1 5 ) ▁claims ▁that ▁after ▁volunte ering ▁to ▁clean ▁a ▁local ▁beach ▁with