ini , ▁the ▁National ▁F asc ist ▁Party ▁( PN F ) ▁was ▁rev ived ▁on ▁ 1 3 ▁September ▁ 1 9 4 3 ▁as ▁the ▁Republican ▁F asc ist ▁Party ▁( PR F ) ▁and ▁as ▁the ▁single ▁party ▁of ▁the ▁Northern ▁and ▁Naz i - protected ▁Italian ▁Social ▁Republic , ▁inform ally ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Sal ò ▁Republic . ▁Its ▁secretary ▁was ▁Aless andro ▁Pav ol ini . ▁ ▁The ▁P FR ▁did ▁not ▁out last ▁M uss ol ini ' s ▁execution ▁and ▁the ▁disapp earance ▁of ▁the ▁Sal ò ▁state ▁in ▁April ▁ 1 9 4 5 . ▁However , ▁it ▁inspired ▁the ▁creation ▁of ▁the ▁Italian ▁Social ▁Mov ement ▁( MS I ) ▁and ▁the ▁M SI ▁has ▁been ▁seen ▁as ▁the ▁successor ▁to ▁the ▁P FR ▁and ▁the ▁P NF . ▁The ▁M SI ▁was ▁formed ▁by ▁former ▁F asc ist ▁leaders ▁and ▁veter ans ▁of ▁the ▁republic ' s ▁fasc ist ▁army . ▁The ▁party ▁tried ▁to ▁modern ise ▁and ▁rev ise ▁fasc ist ▁doctrine ▁into ▁a ▁more ▁moder ate ▁and ▁s oph istic ated ▁direction . ▁ ▁Ide ology ▁ ▁Italian ▁F asc ism ▁was ▁root ed ▁in ▁Italian ▁national ism , ▁F asc ist ▁synd ical ism , ▁and ▁the ▁desire ▁to ▁restore ▁and ▁expand ▁Italian ▁territ ories , ▁which ▁Italian ▁F asc ists ▁de emed ▁necessary ▁for ▁a ▁nation ▁to ▁assert ▁its ▁superior ity ▁and ▁strength ▁and ▁to ▁avoid ▁succ umb ing ▁to ▁decay . ▁Italian ▁F asc ists ▁claimed ▁that ▁modern