ative ▁change . ▁This ▁included ▁organized ▁campaign s ▁against ▁the ▁ill ▁treatment ▁of ▁animals ▁and ▁children ▁and ▁the ▁campaign ▁that ▁eventually ▁succeeded ▁at ▁the ▁turn ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁century ▁in ▁ending ▁the ▁slave ▁trade ▁throughout ▁the ▁British ▁Empire ▁and ▁within ▁its ▁considerable ▁sphere ▁of ▁influence . ▁( This ▁process ▁was ▁however ▁a ▁length y ▁one , ▁which ▁finally ▁concluded ▁when ▁Sa udi ▁Arab ia ▁abol ished ▁sla very ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 2 .) ▁ ▁The ▁En light en ment ▁also ▁saw ▁growing ▁philosoph ical ▁debate ▁between ▁those ▁who ▁champion ed ▁state ▁inter vention ▁and ▁those ▁who ▁believed ▁that ▁private ▁char ities ▁should ▁provide ▁w elf are . ▁The ▁Re ver end ▁Thomas ▁Mal th us ▁( 1 7 6 6 - 1 8 3 4 ), ▁the ▁political ▁econom ist , ▁critic ized ▁poor ▁relief ▁for ▁pau pers ▁on ▁economic ▁and ▁moral ▁grounds ▁and ▁proposed ▁leaving ▁char ity ▁entirely ▁to ▁the ▁private ▁sector . ▁His ▁views ▁became ▁very ▁influ ential ▁and ▁informed ▁the ▁Victor ian ▁la isse z - f aire ▁attitude ▁toward ▁state ▁inter vention ▁for ▁the ▁poor . ▁ ▁G row th ▁during ▁ 1 9 th ▁century ▁During ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁century ▁a ▁prof usion ▁of ▁char itable ▁organizations ▁emer ged ▁to ▁alle vi ate ▁the ▁awful ▁conditions ▁of ▁the ▁working ▁class ▁in ▁the ▁sl ums . ▁The ▁Labour er ' s ▁Friend ▁Society , ▁cha ired ▁by ▁Lord ▁Sh aft es bury ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁in ▁ 1 8 3 0