8 ▁of ▁ 4 7 0 ▁Af rik an ers ▁over ▁an ▁army ▁of ▁ 1 5 , 0 0 0 ▁Z ulu ▁war riors . ▁ ▁A ▁list ▁of ▁cultural ▁hol id ays ▁in ▁O ran ia : ▁ ▁Works ▁about ▁O ran ia ▁The ▁unusual ▁and ▁controvers ial ▁nature ▁of ▁O ran ia ▁has ▁drawn ▁the ▁interest ▁of ▁research ers , ▁especially ▁in ▁the ▁field ▁of ▁anth rop ology . ▁Kot ze ▁( 2 0 0 3 ) ▁exam ines ▁O ran ia ▁as ▁a ▁case ▁of ▁a ▁non - decl ining ▁small ▁town ▁in ▁South ▁Africa . ▁Ste yn ▁( 2 0 0 4 ) ▁elabor ates ▁on ▁the ▁town ' s ▁bottom - up ▁approach ▁to ▁development . ▁De ▁Be er ▁( 2 0 0 6 ) ▁cons iders ▁the ▁achiev ements ▁of ▁O ran ia , ▁de em ing ▁it ▁unlikely ▁that ▁it ▁will ▁ever ▁succeed ▁in ▁bringing ▁about ▁self - det erm ination . ▁Ter isa ▁P ien aar ▁analyz ed ▁the ▁vol k staat ▁concept , ▁and ▁the ▁suit ability ▁of ▁O ran ia ▁as ▁a ▁growth ▁point ▁for ▁a ▁vol k staat . ▁L indi ▁Tod d ▁included ▁O ran ia ▁in ▁a ▁study ▁on ▁how ▁the ▁Af rik an er ▁identity ▁developed ▁after ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁apart heid . ▁L ies el ▁Bl omer us ▁focused ▁on ▁the ▁identity ▁of ▁Af rik an er ▁women ▁in ▁the ▁town . ▁L ise ▁H agen ▁addressed ▁the ▁concepts ▁of ▁space ▁and ▁place ▁in ▁O ran ia