▁that ▁some ▁features ▁of ▁organ isms ▁( e . g . ▁res embl ance ▁of ▁O ph rys ▁( orch id ) ▁to ▁female ▁was p , ▁figure - e ight ▁d ances ▁of ▁h oney be es , ▁m im ic ry ▁of ▁stick ▁insect s , ▁etc .) ▁are ▁too ▁complicated ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁result ▁of ▁evolution . ▁Some ▁say , ▁" half ▁of ▁an ▁X ▁will ▁not ▁work ▁at ▁all ." ▁O thers ▁say , ▁" in ▁order ▁for ▁X ▁to ▁work , ▁it ▁had ▁to ▁be ▁perfect ▁the ▁first ▁time ." ▁Daw kins ▁con cludes ▁that ▁these ▁are ▁no ▁more ▁than ▁bold ▁assert ions ▁based ▁on ▁ignor ance : ▁ ▁... ▁Do ▁you ▁actually ▁know ▁the ▁first ▁thing ▁about ▁orch ids , ▁or ▁was ps , ▁or ▁the ▁eyes ▁with ▁which ▁was ps ▁look ▁at ▁females ▁and ▁orch ids ? ▁What ▁emb old ens ▁you ▁to ▁assert ▁that ▁was ps ▁are ▁so ▁hard ▁to ▁fool ▁that ▁the ▁orch id ' s ▁res embl ance ▁would ▁have ▁to ▁be ▁perfect ▁in ▁all ▁dimensions ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁work ? ▁ ▁Daw kins ▁goes ▁on ▁to ▁illustrate ▁his ▁point ▁by ▁demonstr ating ▁how ▁scient ists ▁have ▁been ▁able ▁to ▁fool ▁cre atures ▁big ▁and ▁small ▁using ▁seem ingly ▁d umb ▁triggers . ▁For ▁instance , ▁stick le back ▁fish ▁treat ▁a ▁p ear - shape ▁as ▁a ▁sex ▁bomb ▁( a ▁super normal ▁stim ulus ). ▁G ull s ' ▁hard - w ired ▁instinct s ▁make ▁them ▁reach ▁over ▁and ▁roll