▁before ▁they ▁were ▁defeated ▁with ▁the ▁help ▁of ▁French ▁forces . ▁The ▁surv iv ors , ▁including ▁chap lain ▁John ▁Kno x , ▁were ▁condem ned ▁to ▁be ▁gal ley ▁slaves ▁in ▁France , ▁st oking ▁res ent ment ▁of ▁the ▁French ▁and ▁creating ▁mart y rs ▁for ▁the ▁Protest ant ▁cause . ▁Limited ▁toler ation ▁and ▁the ▁influence ▁of ▁ex iled ▁Sc ots ▁and ▁Protest ants ▁in ▁other ▁countries , ▁led ▁to ▁the ▁expansion ▁of ▁Protest ant ism , ▁with ▁a ▁group ▁of ▁la ird s ▁declaring ▁themselves ▁L ords ▁of ▁the ▁Cong reg ation ▁in ▁ 1 5 5 7 ▁and ▁representing ▁their ▁interests ▁polit ically . ▁The ▁collapse ▁of ▁the ▁French ▁al liance ▁and ▁English ▁inter vention ▁in ▁ 1 5 6 0 ▁meant ▁that ▁a ▁relatively ▁small , ▁but ▁highly ▁influ ential , ▁group ▁of ▁Protest ants ▁were ▁in ▁a ▁position ▁to ▁imp ose ▁reform ▁on ▁the ▁Scottish ▁church . ▁A ▁conf ession ▁of ▁faith , ▁reject ing ▁pap al ▁juris diction ▁and ▁the ▁mass , ▁was ▁adopted ▁by ▁Parliament ▁in ▁ 1 5 6 0 , ▁while ▁the ▁young ▁Mary , ▁Queen ▁of ▁Sc ots , ▁was ▁still ▁in ▁France . ▁ ▁Kno x , ▁having ▁escaped ▁the ▁g alle ys ▁and ▁spent ▁time ▁in ▁Gene va ▁as ▁a ▁follow er ▁of ▁Cal vin , ▁emer ged ▁as ▁the ▁most ▁significant ▁figure ▁of ▁the ▁period . ▁The ▁Cal vin ism ▁of ▁the ▁reform ers ▁led ▁by ▁Kno x ▁resulted ▁in ▁a ▁settlement ▁that ▁adopted ▁a ▁Pres by ter