▁and ▁may ▁also ▁carry ▁the ▁Ag out i ▁gene ) ▁were ▁more ▁mod est ly ▁marked ▁than ▁non - ch est n uts ▁heter o zy g ous ▁for ▁the ▁E ▁gene . ▁This ▁effect ▁has ▁also ▁been ▁identified ▁and ▁studied ▁in ▁the ▁Leop ard ▁complex ▁patterns . ▁ ▁Anal og ous ▁conditions ▁in ▁other ▁animals ▁The ▁M AT P ▁gene ▁is ▁best ▁known ▁in ▁humans ▁as ▁being ▁the ▁location ▁of ▁a ▁mut ation ▁that ▁results ▁in ▁human ▁type ▁IV ▁o cul oc ut aneous ▁al bin ism ▁( O CA 4 ). ▁Type ▁IV ▁o cul oc ut aneous ▁al bin ism , ▁like ▁other ▁types ▁of ▁human ▁al bin ism , ▁results ▁in ▁hyp op ig ment ation ▁of ▁the ▁skin ▁and ▁eyes , ▁with ▁increased ▁rates ▁of ▁skin ▁cancer ▁and ▁reduced ▁visual ▁ac u ity . ▁None ▁of ▁these ▁effects ▁are ▁associated ▁with ▁the ▁equ ine ▁cre am ▁gene . ▁Other ▁human ▁M AT P ▁polym orph isms ▁result ▁in ▁normal ▁p ig ment ▁variations , ▁specifically ▁fair ▁skin , ▁light ▁eyes , ▁and ▁light ▁hair ▁in ▁C au cas ian ▁populations . ▁ ▁A ▁polym orphism ▁on ▁the ▁mouse ▁M AT P ▁gene ▁is ▁known ▁to ▁be ▁the ▁cause ▁of ▁the ▁under white ▁coat ▁color ▁phen ot ype . ▁The ▁phen ot ype ▁was ▁first ▁identified ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 0 s , ▁and ▁since ▁then ▁has ▁been ▁mapped ▁successfully . ▁A ffect ed ▁individuals ▁have ▁a ▁reduction ▁in ▁eye ▁and ▁coat ▁p ig ment ation ,