▁applied ▁to ▁the ▁states ▁via ▁the ▁Four teenth ▁Am end ment — a ▁process ▁known ▁as ▁incorpor ation — begin ning ▁with ▁the ▁freedom ▁of ▁speech ▁clause , ▁in ▁Git low ▁v . ▁New ▁York ▁( 1 9 2 5 ). ▁In ▁Tal ton ▁v . ▁May es ▁( 1 8 9 6 ), ▁the ▁Court ▁ruled ▁that ▁Constitution al ▁prote ctions , ▁including ▁the ▁prov isions ▁of ▁the ▁Bill ▁of ▁Rights , ▁do ▁not ▁apply ▁to ▁the ▁actions ▁of ▁American ▁Indian ▁trib al ▁govern ments . ▁Through ▁the ▁incorpor ation ▁process ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁succeeded ▁in ▁extending ▁to ▁the ▁States ▁almost ▁all ▁of ▁the ▁prote ctions ▁in ▁the ▁Bill ▁of ▁Rights , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁other , ▁un en umer ated ▁rights . ▁The ▁Bill ▁of ▁Rights ▁thus ▁impos es ▁legal ▁limits ▁on ▁the ▁powers ▁of ▁govern ments ▁and ▁acts ▁as ▁an ▁anti - major itar ian / min or itar ian ▁saf egu ard ▁by ▁providing ▁deeply ▁ent rench ed ▁legal ▁protection ▁for ▁various ▁civil ▁libert ies ▁and ▁fundamental ▁rights . ▁The ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁for ▁example ▁concluded ▁in ▁the ▁West ▁Virginia ▁State ▁Board ▁of ▁Education ▁v . ▁Bar net te ▁( 1 9 4 3 ) ▁case ▁that ▁the ▁found ers ▁intended ▁the ▁Bill ▁of ▁Rights ▁to ▁put ▁some ▁rights ▁out ▁of ▁reach ▁from ▁major ities , ▁ens uring ▁that ▁some ▁libert ies ▁would ▁end ure ▁beyond ▁political ▁major ities . ▁As ▁the ▁Court ▁noted , ▁the ▁idea ▁of ▁the ▁Bill ▁of ▁Rights ▁" was ▁to ▁withdraw ▁certain ▁subjects