2 0 1 9 ) ▁was ▁a ▁lawyer , ▁left ist ▁activ ist , ▁and ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁leaders ▁of ▁the ▁Isra eli ▁Black ▁Pan thers ▁and ▁the ▁editor ▁of ▁its ▁main ▁publication ▁Ha ' pan ter ▁Ha ' sh ach or ▁( ). ▁He ▁also ▁helped ▁form ▁the ▁Isra eli ▁political ▁party ▁Had ash , ▁which ▁formed ▁as ▁a ▁mer ger ▁between ▁the ▁Black ▁Pan thers , ▁the ▁Isra eli ▁Commun ist ▁Party , ▁and ▁other ▁left ist ▁organizations . ▁ ▁Biography ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁ ▁Sh em esh ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Bag hd ad , ▁Ira q ▁in ▁the ▁Rab bi ▁Me ir ▁Bal ▁Ha N ess ▁Jewish ▁Hospital ▁in ▁January ▁ 1 9 4 4 . ▁His ▁family ▁moved ▁to ▁Israel ▁in ▁July ▁ 1 9 5 0 , ▁and ▁he ▁grew ▁up ▁in ▁Mus r ara , ▁Jerusalem , ▁a ▁neighborhood ▁pre domin antly ▁populated ▁by ▁recent ▁M iz ra hi ▁and ▁Se ph ardi ▁imm igr ants . ▁He ▁did ▁not ▁receive ▁any ▁formal ▁sec ular ▁education ▁as ▁a ▁child , ▁dro pping ▁out ▁before ▁he ▁even ▁completed ▁first ▁grade . ▁However , ▁he ▁did ▁study ▁in ▁ult ra ▁orth odox ▁schools ▁until ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 1 4 . ▁For ▁most ▁of ▁his ▁life , ▁he ▁worked ▁as ▁a ▁tax i ▁driver ▁and ▁restaurant ▁worker . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 0 s , ▁Sh em esh ▁founded ▁and ▁edited ▁a ▁daily ▁community ▁newspaper , ▁which ▁he ▁operated ▁il leg ally ▁without ▁a ▁permit ,