oman ▁Empire ▁in ▁ 1 5 3 8 ▁and ▁ 1 6 5 7 , ▁end ured ▁the ▁pl ague ▁in ▁ 1 5 7 2 , ▁and ▁was ▁nearly ▁destroyed ▁by ▁earth qu akes ▁in ▁ 1 5 6 3 ▁and ▁ 1 6 6 7 . ▁It ▁was ▁also ▁ruled ▁by ▁Ott om ans ▁at ▁brief ▁periods . ▁ ▁H abs burg ▁and ▁Napole onic ▁rule ▁ ▁After ▁the ▁Tre aty ▁of ▁Cam po ▁Form io ▁in ▁ 1 7 9 7 , ▁it ▁passed ▁to ▁the ▁H abs burg ▁Mon archy . ▁However , ▁in ▁ 1 8 0 5 , ▁it ▁was ▁assigned ▁to ▁the ▁French ▁Empire ' s ▁client ▁state , ▁the ▁Napole onic ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁Italy ▁by ▁the ▁Tre aty ▁of ▁Press burg , ▁although ▁in ▁fact ▁held ▁by ▁a ▁Russian ▁squad ron ▁under ▁D mit ry ▁Sen y av in . ▁ ▁After ▁the ▁Rus si ans ▁retre ated , ▁Kot or ▁was ▁un ited ▁in ▁ 1 8 0 6 ▁with ▁this ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁Italy ▁and ▁then ▁in ▁ 1 8 1 0 ▁with ▁the ▁French ▁Empire ' s ▁Il ly rian ▁Provin ces . ▁Kot or ▁was ▁captured ▁by ▁the ▁British ▁in ▁an ▁attack ▁on ▁the ▁Bay ▁led ▁by ▁Com mod ore ▁John ▁Har per ▁in ▁the ▁brig ▁s loop ▁ ▁( 1 8 ▁guns ). ▁To ▁se al ▁off ▁Kot or , ▁residents ▁along ▁the ▁shore ▁literally ▁pulled ▁the ▁ship ▁in ▁wind less ▁conditions ▁with ▁ro pes . ▁The ▁Sar ac en '