▁of ▁ 1 5 9 8 ▁AD , ▁the ▁Sh en q ip u , ▁contains ▁illustr ations ▁of ▁Ott oman ▁Turkish ▁and ▁European ▁mus k ete ers ▁together ▁with ▁detailed ▁diag rams ▁of ▁their ▁mus k ets . ▁There ▁was ▁also ▁an ▁illustr ation ▁and ▁description ▁of ▁how ▁the ▁Chinese ▁had ▁adopted ▁the ▁Ott oman ▁kne eling ▁position ▁when ▁firing , ▁while ▁favor ing ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁European - made ▁mus k ets . ▁The ▁Chinese ▁also ▁built ▁the ▁first ▁repeating ▁fire - arm : ▁several ▁bar rel s ▁behind ▁a ▁small ▁wooden ▁shield . ▁The ▁mus k ete er ▁would ▁turn ▁these ▁bar rel s ▁light ing ▁each ▁bar rel ▁with ▁a ▁slow ▁match ▁one ▁by ▁one . ▁These ▁weapons ▁were ▁most ▁effective ▁when ▁fired ▁from ▁walls ▁or ▁high ▁positions . ▁Need ham ▁considered ▁this ▁weapon ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁" prim itive ▁machine - gun ". ▁ ▁India ▁Mus k ets ▁became ▁an ▁integral ▁part ▁of ▁Indian ▁war fare ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 6 0 0 s . ▁They ▁were ▁used ▁as ▁an ▁effective ▁defense ▁against ▁war ▁ele ph ants . ▁The ▁M ugh als , ▁Mar ath as , ▁Raj put s ▁and ▁S ik hs ▁made ▁use ▁of ▁mus k ete ers , ▁firing ▁from ▁cover , ▁to ▁amb ush ▁oppos ing ▁inf antry , ▁caval ry ▁and ▁ele ph ants . ▁Many ▁Indian ▁gun sm ith s ▁existed ▁during ▁the ▁ 1 7 th ▁and ▁ 1 8 th ▁centuries , ▁creating ▁match lock ▁mus k ets ▁for