TR ) ▁and ▁Est imation ▁Ex pl oration ▁( EE A ) ▁have ▁been ▁proposed ▁in ▁this ▁context . ▁ ▁Power ▁systems ▁In ▁recent ▁years , ▁H IL ▁for ▁power ▁systems ▁has ▁been ▁used ▁for ▁ver ifying ▁the ▁stability , ▁operation , ▁and ▁fault ▁toler ance ▁of ▁large - scale ▁elect rical ▁gr ids . ▁Current - gener ation ▁real - time ▁processing ▁platforms ▁have ▁the ▁cap ability ▁to ▁model ▁large - scale ▁power ▁systems ▁in ▁real - time . ▁This ▁includes ▁systems ▁with ▁more ▁than ▁ 1 0 , 0 0 0 ▁bus es ▁with ▁associated ▁gener ators , ▁loads , ▁power - factor ▁correction ▁devices , ▁and ▁network ▁inter conne ctions . ▁These ▁types ▁of ▁simulation ▁platforms ▁enable ▁the ▁evaluation ▁and ▁testing ▁of ▁large - scale ▁power ▁systems ▁in ▁a ▁real istic ▁em ulated ▁environment . ▁Moreover , ▁H IL ▁for ▁power ▁systems ▁has ▁been ▁used ▁for ▁investig ating ▁the ▁integration ▁of ▁distributed ▁resources , ▁next - gener ation ▁SC AD A ▁systems ▁and ▁power ▁management ▁units , ▁and ▁static ▁synchron ous ▁compens ator ▁devices . ▁ ▁Off sh ore ▁systems ▁In ▁off sh ore ▁and ▁marine ▁engineering , ▁control ▁systems ▁and ▁mechanical ▁structures ▁are ▁generally ▁designed ▁in ▁parallel . ▁Test ing ▁the ▁control ▁systems ▁is ▁only ▁possible ▁after ▁integration . ▁As ▁a ▁result , ▁many ▁errors ▁are ▁found ▁that ▁have ▁to ▁be ▁solved ▁during ▁the ▁commission ing , ▁with ▁the ▁ris ks ▁of ▁personal ▁inj uries , ▁dam aging ▁equipment ▁and ▁del ays . ▁To ▁reduce ▁these ▁errors , ▁H