ments ▁in ▁an ▁attempt ▁to ▁und erm ine ▁U . S . ▁influence ▁in ▁the ▁region . ▁During ▁the ▁ 1 9 3 0 s ▁sympath etic ▁far - right ▁and ▁fasc ist ▁political ▁movements , ▁most ▁not ably ▁Brazil ' s ▁Integr al ism ▁movement ▁and ▁Argentina ' s ▁Nacional ismo ▁movement ▁attempted ▁to ▁gain ▁control ▁in ▁their ▁respective ▁states . ▁Following ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁thousands ▁of ▁Naz is ▁would ▁escape ▁to ▁Latin ▁America ▁and ▁avoid ▁capture ▁by ▁the ▁Al lies ▁thanks ▁to ▁Naz i ▁sympath izers ▁in ▁Latin ▁America , ▁some ▁of ▁whom ▁held ▁military ▁and ▁political ▁positions ▁in ▁Latin ▁America ' s ▁govern ments . ▁ ▁American ▁influence ▁in ▁Latin ▁America ▁ ▁Since ▁the ▁establishment ▁of ▁the ▁Mon roe ▁Do ctrine ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Government ▁sought ▁and ▁gained ▁an ▁influ ential ▁position ▁in ▁the ▁Western ▁Hem is phere . ▁During ▁the ▁ 1 9 3 0 s , ▁the ▁American ▁inter vention ▁in ▁region , ▁which ▁began ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 8 ▁( see ▁the ▁Spanish ▁American ▁War ▁and ▁the ▁ban ana ▁wars ) ▁on ▁beh alf ▁of ▁local ▁el ites ▁and ▁U . S . ▁corpor ations , ▁ ▁was ▁replaced ▁by ▁the ▁Good ▁Ne igh bor ▁policy ▁which ▁was ▁made ▁official ▁at ▁the ▁Monte video ▁Convention ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 3 . ▁American ▁influence ▁in ▁the ▁region ▁remained ▁significant ▁during ▁the ▁pre - war ▁period ▁and ▁included ▁the ▁U . S . ▁control ▁over ▁the ▁recently ▁built ▁Pan ama ▁Canal . ▁ ▁U . S .