▁Russian ▁prote ctor ate ▁as ▁U ry ank h ay ▁K ray ▁under ▁Ts ar ▁Nicholas ▁II , ▁on ▁ 1 7 ▁April ▁ 1 9 1 4 . ▁▁ ▁A ▁Tu van ▁capital ▁was ▁established , ▁called ▁Bel ots ar sk ▁( Б е ло ца ́ р ск ; ▁literally , ▁"( T own ) ▁of ▁the ▁White ▁Ts ar "). ▁Meanwhile , ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 1 ▁Mong olia ▁became ▁independent , ▁though ▁under ▁Russian ▁protection . ▁Following ▁the ▁Russian ▁Revolution ▁of ▁ 1 9 1 7 ▁that ▁ended ▁the ▁imperial ▁aut ocracy , ▁most ▁of ▁Tu va ▁was ▁occupied ▁from ▁ 5 ▁July ▁ 1 9 1 8 ▁to ▁ 1 5 ▁July ▁ 1 9 1 9 ▁by ▁Aleks andr ▁Kol ch ak ' s ▁" White " ▁Russian ▁troops . ▁Py otr ▁Ivan ov ich ▁T urch an in ov ▁was ▁named ▁the ▁governor ▁of ▁the ▁territory . ▁In ▁the ▁aut umn ▁of ▁ 1 9 1 8 , ▁the ▁south western ▁part ▁was ▁occupied ▁by ▁Chinese ▁troops ▁and ▁the ▁southern ▁part ▁by ▁Mong ol ▁troops ▁led ▁by ▁K hat an ba atar ▁M ags ar jav . ▁ ▁From ▁July ▁ 1 9 1 9 ▁to ▁February ▁ 1 9 2 0 ▁the ▁commun ist ▁Red ▁Army ▁controlled ▁Tu va ▁but ▁from ▁ 1 9 ▁February ▁ 1 9 2 0 ▁to ▁June ▁ 1 9 2 1 ▁it ▁was ▁occupied ▁by ▁China ▁( g overn or ▁was ▁Yan ▁Sh ich ao ▁[ trad itional