▁a ▁general ▁orientation , ▁defining ▁the ▁problem , ▁bra inst orm ing ▁for ▁solutions , ▁decision ▁making , ▁and ▁follow ▁up ▁stages . ▁ ▁Process ▁ ▁Based ▁on ▁the ▁above ▁model , ▁it ▁is ▁hypoth es ized ▁that ▁a ▁positive ▁problem ▁orientation ▁leads ▁to ▁rational ▁problem - sol ving ▁skills . ▁A ▁rational ▁problem - sol ving ▁style ▁is ▁defined ▁as ▁a ▁sensible , ▁thought ful , ▁and ▁method ical ▁application ▁of ▁effective ▁problem - sol ving ▁skills . ▁This , ▁in ▁turn , ▁is ▁most ▁likely ▁to ▁result ▁in ▁positive ▁out comes ▁and ▁an ▁exit ▁from ▁the ▁problem ▁solving ▁process ▁for ▁this ▁particular ▁instance . ▁When ▁a ▁negative ▁outcome ▁occurs , ▁a ▁person ▁with ▁rational ▁problem ▁solving ▁skills ▁is ▁more ▁likely ▁to ▁begin ▁the ▁cycle ▁of ▁problem - sol ving ▁again . ▁This ▁time ▁with ▁the ▁intent ▁of ▁finding ▁a ▁more ▁appropriate ▁solution ▁or ▁to ▁re define ▁the ▁problem . ▁On ▁the ▁other ▁hand , ▁a ▁negative ▁problem ▁solving ▁orientation ▁is ▁likely ▁to ▁lead ▁towards ▁imp uls ive - care less ▁or ▁avoid ant ▁problem - sol ving ▁styles . ▁An ▁imp uls ive - care less ▁style ▁is ▁defined ▁as ▁narrow ed , ▁r ash , ▁thought less , ▁speed y , ▁and ▁incomplete ▁attempts ▁at ▁problem ▁solving . ▁An ▁avoid ance ▁style ▁to ▁problem - sol ving ▁is ▁character ized ▁by ▁in action , ▁pro cr ast ination , ▁and ▁attempts ▁to ▁shift ▁responsibility ▁to ▁others . ▁Both ▁of ▁these ▁styles ▁are ▁hypoth es ized ▁to ▁lead ▁towards ▁negative ▁out