▁be ▁expected ▁to ▁display ▁all ▁of ▁the ▁fac ets ▁of ▁the ▁concept ▁of ▁income . ▁Our ▁judgment ▁is ▁that ▁consumption ▁per ▁adult ▁is ▁the ▁best ▁measure ▁among ▁those ▁collected ▁in ▁cross - section al ▁surve ys ." ▁ ▁Like wise , ▁country ▁of ▁origin ▁or ▁birth place ▁might ▁be ▁used ▁as ▁a ▁proxy ▁for ▁race , ▁or ▁vice ▁vers a . ▁ ▁F rost ▁lists ▁several ▁examples ▁of ▁proxy ▁variables : ▁Width s ▁of ▁tree ▁rings : ▁proxy ▁for ▁historical ▁environmental ▁conditions ; ▁Per - cap ita ▁G DP : ▁proxy ▁for <0x09> quality ▁of ▁life ; ▁Body ▁Mass ▁Index ▁( B MI ): ▁proxy ▁for ▁true ▁body ▁fat ▁percentage ; ▁years ▁of ▁education ▁and / or ▁G PA : ▁proxy ▁for ▁cogn itive ▁ability ; ▁satellite ▁images ▁of ▁ocean ▁surface ▁color : ▁proxy ▁for ▁depth ▁that ▁light ▁pen etr ates ▁into ▁the ▁ocean ▁over ▁large ▁areas ; ▁changes ▁in ▁height ▁over ▁a ▁fixed ▁time : ▁proxy ▁for ▁h orm one ▁levels ▁in ▁blood . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Inst rument al ▁variable ▁ ▁Lat ent ▁variable ▁ ▁Oper ational ization ▁ ▁Pro xy ▁( cl imate ) ▁ ▁References ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : Stat ist ical ▁analysis <0x0A> </s> ▁New ▁Zealand ▁Her ald ▁of ▁Ar ms ▁Ext ra ordinary ▁is ▁the ▁officer ▁of ▁arms ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁reg ulation ▁of ▁her ald ry ▁in ▁New ▁Zealand . ▁Although ▁affili ated ▁with ▁the ▁College ▁of ▁Ar ms ▁in ▁London , ▁the ▁New ▁Zealand ▁Her ald ▁lives ▁and ▁works ▁in ▁New ▁Zealand , ▁and ▁is