con sp ic uous ▁host ility " ▁to ▁the ▁idea ▁of ▁evolution . ▁Although ▁Par s ons ▁ass essed ▁that ▁We ber ▁rejected ▁the ▁linear ▁evolution ary ▁approaches ▁of ▁Marx ▁and ▁Herbert ▁Sp encer , ▁We ber ▁may ▁not ▁have ▁rejected ▁the ▁question ▁of ▁evolution ▁as ▁a ▁generalized ▁question . ▁ ▁In ▁a ▁second ▁article , ▁a ▁review ▁of ▁B end ix ▁and ▁Gu ent her ▁Roth ' s ▁Sch olar ship ▁and ▁Part is ans hip : ▁Ess ays ▁on ▁Max ▁We ber , ▁Par s ons ▁continued ▁his ▁line ▁of ▁criticism . ▁Par s ons ▁was ▁especially ▁concerned ▁with ▁a ▁statement ▁by ▁B end ix ▁that ▁claimed ▁We ber ▁believed ▁Marx ' s ▁notion ▁that ▁ideas ▁were ▁" the ▁e pi phen omena ▁of ▁the ▁organization ▁of ▁production ." ▁Par s ons ▁strongly ▁rejected ▁that ▁interpretation : ▁" I ▁should ▁cont end ▁that ▁certainly ▁the ▁intellectual ▁' m ature ' ▁We ber ▁never ▁was ▁an ▁' h yp oth et ical ' ▁Marx ist ." ▁Some where ▁behind ▁the ▁att itudes ▁of ▁B end ix , ▁Par s ons ▁detected ▁a ▁dis com fort ▁for ▁the ▁former ▁to ▁move ▁out ▁of ▁an ▁" idi ographic " ▁mode ▁of ▁the or izing . ▁ ▁Study ▁of ▁US ▁university ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 3 , ▁Par s ons ▁published ▁The ▁American ▁University , ▁which ▁he ▁had ▁author ed ▁with ▁Ger ald ▁M . ▁Pl att . ▁The ▁idea ▁had ▁originally ▁emer ged ▁when ▁Martin ▁Mey erson ▁and ▁Stephen ▁Gra ub ard ▁of