ion ▁which ▁was ▁initi ated ▁by ▁the ▁Bash k irs ▁against ▁the ▁Russian ▁Empire . ▁The ▁re bell ion ▁was ▁initi ated ▁in ▁ 1 7 3 5 , ▁but ▁was ▁put ▁down ▁by ▁Russian ▁and ▁pro - Russ ian ▁Bash kir ▁troops ▁in ▁ 1 7 4 0 ▁after ▁a ▁series ▁of ▁heavy ▁cl ash es . ▁ ▁Background ▁▁ ▁From ▁at ▁least ▁the ▁time ▁of ▁Peter ▁the ▁Great , ▁there ▁had ▁been ▁talk ▁of ▁Russian ▁pushing ▁sout heast ▁toward ▁Pers ia ▁and ▁India . ▁Ivan ▁Kir il lov , ▁a ▁Russian ▁commander , ▁drew ▁up ▁a ▁plan ▁to ▁build ▁a ▁fort ▁to ▁be ▁called ▁O ren burg ▁at ▁Or sk ▁at ▁the ▁confl u ence ▁of ▁the ▁Or ▁River ▁and ▁the ▁U ral ▁River ▁sout heast ▁of ▁the ▁Ur als ▁where ▁the ▁Bash kir , ▁Kal my k ▁and ▁Kaz akh ▁lands ▁join . ▁Const ruction ▁was ▁started ▁at ▁Or sk ▁in ▁ 1 7 3 5 , ▁but ▁by ▁ 1 7 4 3 ▁' O ren burg ' ▁was ▁moved ▁about ▁ 2 5 0   km ▁west ▁to ▁its ▁present ▁location . ▁The ▁next ▁planned ▁step ▁was ▁to ▁build ▁a ▁fort ▁on ▁the ▁Ar al ▁Sea . ▁This ▁would ▁involve ▁crossing ▁the ▁Bash kir ▁country ▁and ▁then ▁the ▁lands ▁of ▁the ▁Kaz akh ▁L esser ▁Hor de , ▁some ▁of ▁whom ▁had ▁recently ▁offered ▁a ▁nom inal ▁submission . ▁However , ▁a ▁significant ▁portion ▁of ▁the ▁Bash kir ▁population ▁res ented ▁this ▁plan . ▁ ▁Reb ell ion