, ▁W ade – G iles ▁transl iter ation : ▁Yan ▁Sh i - ch ' ao ]). ▁On ▁August   1 4 , ▁ 1 9 2 1 , ▁the ▁B ols he vik s ▁established ▁the ▁Tu van ▁People ' s ▁Republic , ▁popular ly ▁called ▁T ann u - Tu va . ▁In ▁ 1 9 2 6 , ▁the ▁capital ▁( Bel ots ar sk ; ▁K hem - B eld yr ▁since ▁ 1 9 1 8 ) ▁was ▁renamed ▁Ky zy l , ▁meaning ▁" red ". ▁Tu va ▁was ▁de ▁j ure ▁an ▁independent ▁state ▁between ▁the ▁World ▁Wars . ▁The ▁state ' s ▁first ▁r uler , ▁Prime ▁Minister ▁Don du k , ▁sought ▁to ▁strength en ▁t ies ▁with ▁Mong olia ▁and ▁establish ▁Buddh ism ▁as ▁the ▁state ▁religion . ▁This ▁un sett led ▁the ▁Kre ml in , ▁which ▁orch estr ated ▁a ▁coup ▁carried ▁out ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 9 ▁by ▁five ▁young ▁Tu van ▁gradu ates ▁of ▁Moscow ' s ▁Commun ist ▁University ▁of ▁the ▁To ilers ▁of ▁the ▁East . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 3 0 , ▁the ▁pro - S ov iet ▁regime ▁disc arded ▁the ▁state ' s ▁Mong ol ▁script ▁in ▁favor ▁of ▁a ▁Latin ▁alphabet ▁designed ▁for ▁Tu va ▁by ▁Russian ▁lingu ists . ▁In ▁ 1 9 4 3 ▁C yr ill ic ▁script ▁replaced ▁Latin . ▁Under ▁the ▁leadership ▁of ▁Party ▁Secretary ▁Sal ch ak ▁Tok a , ▁eth nic ▁Rus si