que ▁in ▁Dam asc us . ▁ ▁At ▁Sal adin ' s ▁death ▁in ▁ 1 1 9 3 , ▁rival ▁A yy ub id ▁fa ctions ▁led ▁by ▁Sal adin ' s ▁sons ▁established ▁themselves ▁in ▁Egypt , ▁Ale ppo , ▁Dam asc us , ▁and ▁Ira q . ▁Al - A fd al , ▁Sal adin ' s ▁el dest ▁son ▁and ▁em ir ▁of ▁Dam asc us , ▁was ▁initially ▁recognized ▁by ▁the ▁younger ▁sons ▁as ▁their ▁over l ord . ▁However , ▁host ilities ▁broke ▁out ▁in ▁ 1 1 9 4 ▁between ▁Al - A fd al ▁and ▁Al - Az iz ▁U th man , ▁Sal adin ' s ▁second - old est ▁son ▁and ▁A yy ub id ▁s ultan ▁of ▁Egypt . ▁In ▁ 1 1 9 6 , ▁Al - Az iz ▁and ▁Sal adin ' s ▁brother ▁Al - Ad il ▁captured ▁Dam asc us , ▁except ▁for ▁the ▁cit adel , ▁where ▁Al - A fd al ▁had ▁taken ▁refuge . ▁After ▁negoti ations , ▁Al - A fd al ▁surrender ed ▁the ▁cit adel ▁and ▁his ▁titles ▁to ▁Al - Az iz ▁and ▁was ▁ex iled ▁to ▁S alk had ▁in ▁the ▁Ha ur an . ▁Al - Ad il ▁recognized ▁the ▁over l ord ship ▁of ▁Al - Az iz ▁and ▁became ▁r uler ▁of ▁Dam asc us . ▁At ▁the ▁death ▁of ▁Al - Az iz ▁in ▁ 1 1 9 8 , ▁several ▁members ▁of ▁Sal adin '