▁and ▁powerful ▁to ▁the ▁ge olog ically ▁patient . ▁Earth qu akes ▁and ▁vol cano es ▁filled ▁the ▁former ▁role , ▁and ▁their ▁marks ▁can ▁still ▁be ▁found , ▁but ▁it ▁was ▁the ▁grad ual ▁advance ▁and ▁retre at ▁of ▁gla cial ▁ice ▁that ▁car ved ▁many ▁of ▁the ▁physical ▁features ▁of ▁this ▁refuge . ▁ ▁The ▁refuge ▁has ▁a ▁surface ▁area ▁of ▁. ▁It ▁is ▁the ▁fourth - larg est ▁National ▁Wild life ▁Ref uge ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁state ▁of ▁Al aska , ▁which ▁has ▁all ▁eleven ▁of ▁the ▁largest ▁N WR s . ▁It ▁is ▁border ed ▁in ▁the ▁sout heast ▁by ▁Wood - T ik ch ik ▁State ▁Park , ▁the ▁largest ▁state ▁park ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁ ▁Wild life ▁ ▁The ▁refuge ▁is ▁home ▁to ▁ 4 8 ▁m amm al ▁species , ▁ 3 1 ▁of ▁which ▁are ▁terrest rial ▁and ▁ 1 7 ▁marine . ▁More ▁than ▁ 1 5 0 , 0 0 0 ▁car ib ou ▁from ▁two ▁her ds , ▁the ▁N ush ag ak ▁Pen ins ula ▁and ▁the ▁Mul chat na , ▁make ▁use ▁of ▁refuge ▁lands , ▁which ▁they ▁share ▁with ▁w olf ▁pack s , ▁mo ose , ▁brown ▁and ▁black ▁bear , ▁co y ote , ▁Canadian ▁l yn x , ▁Ar ctic ▁fo x , ▁mus k rat , ▁wol ver ine , ▁red ▁fo x , ▁mar mot , ▁be aver , ▁m arten , ▁two ▁species ▁of ▁ot ter