or ▁situations ▁to ▁the ▁same ▁moral ▁and ▁proced ural ▁standards ▁to ▁their ▁Western ▁counter parts ▁was ▁un real istic , ▁and ▁would ▁further ▁marg inal ize ▁African ▁research ers ' ▁role ▁in ▁the ▁science ▁community ▁and ▁imp ede ▁the ▁progress ▁of ▁African ▁science . ▁Another ▁clin ical ▁trial , ▁Using ▁Ne vi rap ine ▁to ▁Pre vent ▁Mother - to - Child ▁H IV ▁Trans mission ▁During ▁Bre ast feed ing , ▁was ▁completed ▁in ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁▁ <0x09> ▁ ▁A ▁major ▁concern ▁with ▁this ▁approach ▁is ▁that ▁N N RT I ▁resistance ▁mut ations ▁are ▁commonly ▁observed ▁in ▁both ▁moth ers ▁and ▁inf ants ▁after ▁single - d ose ▁ne vi rap ine , ▁and ▁may ▁comprom ise ▁the ▁response ▁to ▁future ▁N N RT I - cont aining ▁reg im ens . ▁A ▁short ▁course ▁of ▁mat ernal ▁z id ov ud ine / lam iv ud ine ▁is ▁recommended ▁by ▁the ▁U . S . ▁Public ▁Health ▁Service ▁Task ▁Force ▁to ▁reduce ▁this ▁risk . ▁ ▁Ad verse ▁effects ▁ ▁The ▁most ▁common ▁ad verse ▁effect ▁of ▁ne vi rap ine ▁is ▁the ▁development ▁of ▁m ild ▁or ▁moder ate ▁r ash ▁( 1 3 %). ▁Se vere ▁or ▁life - th re aten ing ▁skin ▁re actions ▁have ▁been ▁observed ▁in ▁ 1 . 5 % ▁of ▁patients , ▁including ▁Stevens – John son ▁synd rome , ▁to xic ▁e pid erm al ▁ne cro ly s is ▁and ▁hyp ers ens itivity .