▁itself ▁the ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁Hawai i . ▁ ▁< blockquote > The ▁Trib unal ▁concluded ▁that ▁it ▁could ▁not ▁determine ▁whether ▁the ▁Res pond ent ▁has ▁failed ▁to ▁dis charge ▁its ▁oblig ations ▁towards ▁the ▁Cla im ant ▁without ▁r uling ▁on ▁the ▁leg ality ▁of ▁the ▁acts ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁of ▁America ▁– ▁something ▁the ▁Trib unal ▁was ▁pre cluded ▁from ▁doing ▁as ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁was ▁not ▁party ▁to ▁the ▁case .< ref > See ▁" L ars en ▁v . ▁Hawai ian ▁Kingdom " ▁P erman ent ▁Court ▁of ▁Ar bitr ation , ▁ 2 0 0 2 ] </ ref ></ blockquote > ▁ ▁Contempor ary ▁legal ▁actions ▁ ▁Hawai i ▁v . ▁Office ▁of ▁Hawai ian ▁Affairs , ▁( 2 0 0 9 ) ▁ ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁decision ▁of ▁the ▁U . S . ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁of ▁March ▁ 3 1 , ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁the ▁" where as " ▁cla uses ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 3 ▁Cong r essional ▁Ap ology ▁Resol ution ▁have ▁no ▁binding ▁effect , ▁and ▁the ▁resolution ▁does ▁not ▁change ▁or ▁modify ▁the ▁" absolute " ▁title ▁to ▁the ▁public ▁lands ▁of ▁the ▁State ▁of ▁Hawai i . ▁ ▁The ▁decision ▁also ▁aff ir med ▁that ▁federal ▁legisl ation ▁cannot ▁retro act ively ▁cloud ▁title ▁given ▁as ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁state hood ▁in ▁general ▁and ▁that ▁the ▁State ▁of ▁Hawai i ▁has ▁not ▁established ▁title ▁to ▁all ▁land ▁transferred ▁to ▁it ▁from ▁the ▁federal ▁government ▁in