– ▁especially ▁of ▁figur ative ▁art , ▁they ▁believe ▁to ▁be ▁represented ▁by ▁the ▁UN AP , ▁the ▁National ▁Union ▁for ▁Pl astic ▁Art . ▁They ▁opposed ▁their ▁policy ▁of ▁ex cluding ▁many ▁active ▁pain ters . ▁ ▁According ▁to ▁its ▁manif esto ▁: ▁" A ouch em ▁was ▁born ▁centuries ▁ago , ▁on ▁the ▁walls ▁of ▁a ▁cave ▁of ▁T ass ili . ▁It ▁continued ▁its ▁existence ▁until ▁today , ▁sometimes ▁secret ly , ▁sometimes ▁open ly , ▁according ▁to ▁fl uct u ations ▁of ▁history . ▁( ...) ▁We ▁want ▁to ▁show ▁that , ▁always ▁mag ical , ▁the ▁sign ▁is ▁stronger ▁than ▁bomb s ". ▁ ▁In ▁spite ▁of ▁a ▁sur ge ▁of ▁political ▁violence ▁following ▁the ▁war ▁of ▁independence , ▁where ▁the ▁h eg em ony ▁of ▁the ▁Arab ic ▁culture ▁and ▁language ▁t ended ▁to ▁overlap ▁on ▁the ▁ber ber ian ▁culture , ▁the ▁pl astic ▁trad itions ▁of ▁popular ▁signs ▁managed ▁to ▁maintain . ▁A ouch em ▁builds ▁on ▁this ▁traditional ▁legacy . ▁ ▁Na iv ety ▁and ▁expression ism ▁ ▁Since ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 s , ▁there ▁has ▁been ▁a ▁renew al ▁and ▁also ▁a ▁form ▁of ▁" na iv ety ", ▁trying ▁to ▁go ▁past ▁the ▁tra uma ▁of ▁the ▁war ▁and ▁address ▁new ▁contemporary ▁issues . ▁Bay a ▁( 1 9 3 1 – 1 9 9 8 ) ▁is ▁the ▁example ▁of ▁a ▁great ▁Al ger ian ▁success ▁story . ▁Her ▁work ▁was ▁pre fac ed ▁by ▁André ▁Bre ton