▁for ▁rep lication . ▁Thus , ▁NUM T s ▁can ▁act ▁as ▁the ▁independent ▁orig ins , ▁when ▁inserted ▁in ▁an ▁appropriate ▁genom ic ▁context ▁or ▁affect ▁the ▁efficiency ▁of ▁pre - ex isting ▁orig ins . ▁ ▁D ise ase ▁and ▁Dis orders : ▁NUM T ▁insert ion ▁into ▁the ▁gen ome ▁can ▁be ▁problem atic . ▁Trans position ▁of ▁NUM T s ▁into ▁gen ome ▁has ▁also ▁been ▁associated ▁with ▁human ▁dise ases . ▁De ▁nov o ▁integration ▁of ▁NUM T ▁pseud ogen es ▁into ▁the ▁nuclear ▁gen ome ▁has ▁an ▁ad verse ▁effect ▁in ▁some ▁cases , ▁prom oting ▁various ▁dis orders ▁and ▁ag ing . ▁M t D NA ▁integration ▁into ▁coding ▁gen es ▁in ▁the ▁ger ml ine ▁cells ▁has ▁dram atic ▁consequences ▁for ▁emb ry o ▁development ▁and , ▁in ▁many ▁cases , ▁is ▁le th al . ▁F ew ▁NUM T ▁pseud ogen es ▁associated ▁with ▁dise ases ▁are ▁found ▁within ▁ex ons ▁or ▁at ▁the ▁ex on – in tr on ▁boundaries ▁of ▁human ▁gen es . ▁For ▁example , ▁the ▁patients ▁with ▁mu col ip idos is ▁synd rome ▁inherit ▁a ▁mut ation ▁caused ▁by ▁insert ion ▁of ▁a ▁ 9 3 bp ▁fragment ▁of ▁mit och ond rial ▁N D 5 ▁into ▁ex on ▁ 2 ▁of ▁the ▁R 4 0 3 C ▁mu col ip in ▁gene . ▁This ▁is ▁the ▁first ▁case ▁of ▁a ▁her itable ▁dis order ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁NUM T ▁insert . ▁Despite ▁the ▁small ▁treatment ▁group ,