ian ) ▁descent . ▁ ▁Time ▁in ▁Europe ▁ ▁Studies ▁in ▁the ▁Netherlands ▁and ▁Switzerland ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 1 1 , ▁Rat ul ang i ▁returned ▁home , ▁because ▁his ▁mother ▁was ▁seriously ▁ill . ▁His ▁mother ▁died ▁on ▁ 1 9 ▁November ▁ 1 9 1 1 . ▁His ▁father ▁had ▁died ▁when ▁he ▁was ▁in ▁Java . ▁After ▁their ▁mother ' s ▁death , ▁Rat ul ang i ▁and ▁his ▁two ▁sister s ▁divided ▁their ▁parents ' ▁inheritance . ▁Rat ul ang i ▁planned ▁to ▁use ▁the ▁money ▁he ▁received ▁to ▁fund ▁his ▁education ▁in ▁Europe . ▁He ▁arrived ▁in ▁Amsterdam ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 2 ▁and ▁continued ▁his ▁studies ▁that ▁he ▁started ▁in ▁Java , ▁but ▁was ▁cut ▁short ▁due ▁to ▁his ▁mother ' s ▁ill ness . ▁In ▁ 1 9 1 3 , ▁he ▁received ▁a ▁certificate ▁to ▁teach ▁middle ▁school ▁level ▁mathematics ▁( M idd el bare ▁Act e ▁W isk unde ▁en ▁Pa ed agog iek ). ▁ ▁Rat ul ang i ▁continued ▁his ▁studies ▁at ▁a ▁university ▁in ▁Amsterdam ▁for ▁two ▁more ▁years . ▁However , ▁he ▁was ▁not ▁able ▁to ▁complete ▁his ▁studies , ▁because ▁he ▁was ▁prohib ited ▁from ▁taking ▁the ▁exam ination . ▁The ▁university ▁required ▁a ▁high ▁school ▁level ▁certificate , ▁which ▁Rat ul ang i ▁did ▁not ▁have , ▁because ▁he ▁never ▁completed ▁studies ▁at ▁either ▁a ▁Hog ere ▁Burg ersch ool ▁( H BS ) ▁or ▁Alg em ene ▁M idd el bare ▁School ▁( A