▁Neil ▁Smith ▁does . ▁ ▁Other ▁ways ▁of ▁present ing ▁a ▁u top ian ▁society ▁in ▁science ▁fiction , ▁is ▁to ▁send ▁characters ▁outside ▁it ▁to ▁explore ▁beyond ▁its ▁conf ines ▁( ala ▁Star ▁Tre k ), ▁or ▁focus ▁on ▁an ▁out s ider ▁character ▁entering ▁the ▁society , ▁as ▁in ▁Ald ous ▁H ux ley ’ s ▁Bra ve ▁New ▁World . ▁ ▁This ▁last ▁method ▁is ▁often ▁used ▁to ▁show ▁that ▁the ▁u top ian ▁society ▁shown ▁is ▁actually ▁a ▁d yst op ia . ▁ ▁Kim ▁Stanley ▁Robinson ' s ▁approach ▁in ▁The ▁Mars ▁Tr il ogy ▁involved ▁expl oring ▁the ▁creation ▁of ▁u top ian ▁and ▁ec ot op ian ▁soci eties ▁on ▁Mars . ▁ ▁Another ▁option ▁for ▁a ▁U top ian ▁society ▁can ▁be ▁found ▁in ▁robot ocracy , ▁or ▁the ▁rule ▁of ▁Rob ots ▁or ▁Comput ers , ▁with ▁the ▁theory ▁that ▁a ▁program med ▁machine ▁can ▁dis pass ion ately ▁provide ▁for ▁the ▁w elf are ▁of ▁all . ▁ ▁Ex amples ▁of ▁this ▁include ▁various ▁works ▁of ▁Isaac ▁As im ov ▁and ▁the ▁planet ▁of ▁S igma ▁Dra con is ▁VI ▁in ▁the ▁Star ▁Tre k ▁episode ▁" S po ck ' s ▁Bra in ". ▁ ▁If ▁the ▁machine ▁rule ▁becomes ▁har sh ▁or ▁opp ress ive , ▁it ▁may ▁become ▁a ▁d yst op ia ▁instead . ▁ ▁D yst op ian ▁soci eties ▁ ▁D yst op ias ▁are ▁soci eties ▁where ▁the ▁author ▁illustr ates ▁the ▁worst ▁that ▁can ▁happen