▁real m , ▁in ▁which ▁they ▁argue ▁for ▁integr ating ▁the ▁public ▁directly ▁into ▁efforts ▁to ▁con serve ▁material ▁culture , ▁particularly ▁that ▁which ▁is ▁in ▁the ▁public , ▁their ▁argument , ▁as ▁stated ▁on ▁page ▁ 1 6 , ▁demonstr ates ▁their ▁belief ▁that ▁society ▁can ▁benefit ▁from ▁conservation ▁as ▁a ▁parad ig m ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁a ▁profession : ▁ ▁Training ▁ ▁Training ▁in ▁conservation ▁of ▁cultural ▁her itage ▁for ▁many ▁years ▁took ▁the ▁form ▁of ▁an ▁app rent ices hip , ▁where by ▁an ▁app rent ice ▁slowly ▁developed ▁the ▁necessary ▁skills ▁to ▁undert ake ▁their ▁job . ▁For ▁some ▁special izations ▁within ▁conservation ▁this ▁is ▁still ▁the ▁case . ▁However , ▁it ▁is ▁more ▁common ▁in ▁the ▁field ▁of ▁conservation ▁today ▁that ▁the ▁training ▁required ▁to ▁become ▁a ▁pract icing ▁conserv ator ▁comes ▁from ▁a ▁recognized ▁university ▁course ▁in ▁conservation ▁of ▁cultural ▁her itage . ▁ ▁The ▁University ▁can ▁rarely ▁provide ▁all ▁the ▁necessary ▁training ▁in ▁first ▁hand ▁experience ▁that ▁an ▁app rent ices hip ▁can , ▁and ▁therefore ▁in ▁addition ▁to ▁gradu ate ▁level ▁training ▁the ▁profession ▁also ▁tends ▁towards ▁encourag ing ▁conservation ▁students ▁to ▁spend ▁time ▁as ▁an ▁intern . ▁ ▁Conserv ation ▁of ▁cultural ▁her itage ▁is ▁an ▁inter dis cipl inary ▁field ▁as ▁conserv ators ▁have ▁background s ▁in ▁the ▁fine ▁arts , ▁sciences ▁( including ▁chem istry , ▁bi ology , ▁and ▁materials ▁science ), ▁and ▁closely ▁related ▁discipl ines , ▁such ▁as ▁art ▁history , ▁arch ae ology , ▁and ▁anth rop ology