uc son ▁eventually ▁was ▁captured ▁by ▁the ▁California ▁Column . ▁ ▁Later ▁United ▁States ▁period ▁ ▁T uc son , ▁and ▁all ▁of ▁Arizona , ▁remained ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁New ▁Mexico ▁Territ ory ▁until ▁February ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 1 8 6 3 , ▁when ▁the ▁Arizona ▁Organ ic ▁Act ▁passed ▁the ▁Senate ▁forming ▁the ▁Arizona ▁Territ ory . ▁In ▁ 1 8 6 7 , ▁the ▁territorial ▁capital ▁was ▁moved ▁to ▁T uc son ▁from ▁Pres c ott , ▁where ▁it ▁remained ▁until ▁ 1 8 7 7 . ▁In ▁ 1 8 8 5 , ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Arizona ▁was ▁founded ▁in ▁T uc son ▁– ▁it ▁was ▁situated ▁in ▁the ▁coun tr ys ide , ▁outside ▁the ▁city ▁limits ▁of ▁the ▁time . ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁territorial ▁and ▁early ▁state hood ▁periods , ▁T uc son ▁was ▁Arizona ' s ▁largest ▁city ▁and ▁commercial ▁and ▁rail road ▁center , ▁while ▁Phoenix ▁was ▁the ▁seat ▁of ▁state ▁government ▁( begin ning ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 9 ) ▁and ▁agricult ure . ▁Between ▁ 1 9 1 0 ▁and ▁ 1 9 2 0 , ▁Phoenix ▁sur pass ed ▁T uc son ▁in ▁population ▁and ▁has ▁continued ▁to ▁out pace ▁T uc son ▁in ▁growth . ▁However , ▁both ▁T uc son ▁and ▁Phoenix ▁have ▁experienced ▁among ▁the ▁highest ▁growth ▁rates ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁ ▁Modern ▁period ▁ ▁By ▁ 1 9 0 0 , ▁ 7 , 5 3 1 ▁people ▁lived ▁in ▁the ▁city . ▁The