ious ▁dispute , ▁since ▁the ▁chosen ▁methods ▁can ▁advantage ▁some ▁and ▁dis adv antage ▁others ; ▁it ▁is ▁very ▁difficult ▁to ▁dev ise ▁allocation ▁methods ▁which ▁dist ribute ▁the ▁g ains ▁and ▁losses ▁of ▁economic ▁policy ▁in ▁an ▁equal ▁or ▁equ itable ▁way ▁among ▁all ▁economic ▁actors . ▁ ▁Typ ically , ▁pro - cap ital ist ▁the or ists ▁argue ▁that ▁" there ▁is ▁no ▁alternative ▁to ▁the ▁market ", ▁and ▁the ▁anti - cap ital ists ▁argue ▁that ▁mark ets ▁could ▁not ▁even ▁exist ▁without ▁many ▁non - market ▁mechan isms ▁and ▁supports ▁( i . e . ▁market isation ▁merely ▁sh ifts ▁the ▁bur den ▁of ▁un pa id ▁work ▁effort ▁onto ▁someone ▁else ). ▁Al most ▁all ▁modern ▁econom ies ▁are ▁" m ixed ▁econom ies " ▁meaning ▁that ▁they ▁combine ▁market ▁allocation ▁of ▁resources ▁with ▁non - market ▁allocation , ▁in ▁various ▁ways . ▁That ▁is ▁why ▁the ▁modern ▁economic ▁controvers ies ▁are ▁almost ▁always ▁about ▁the ▁relative ▁importance ▁which ▁different ▁kinds ▁of ▁allocation ▁mechan isms ▁should ▁have . ▁This ▁debate ▁is , ▁of ▁course , ▁very ▁strongly ▁influenced ▁by ▁the ▁income ▁which ▁the ▁different ▁economic ▁actors ▁can ▁get , ▁if ▁particular ▁economic ▁policies ▁are ▁realized . ▁ ▁Crit ic ism ▁Trad itionally , ▁criticism ▁of ▁Marx ' s ▁law ▁of ▁value ▁has ▁been ▁of ▁three ▁kinds , ▁i . e . ▁concept ual , ▁logical ▁and ▁empir ical . ▁ ▁Con cept ual ▁criticism ▁The ▁concept ual ▁criticism ▁concerns ▁the ▁concept ▁of ▁value ▁itself . ▁ ▁For