▁Mar . ▁ 1 9 4 9 . ▁ ▁J . ▁N . ▁Sh ive , ▁" The ▁Properties ▁of ▁German ium ▁Phot otr ans ist ors ", ▁J OS A , ▁vol . ▁ 4 3 , ▁no . ▁ 4 , ▁pp .   2 3 9 – 2 4 3 , ▁ 1 9 5 3 . ▁ ▁John ▁N . ▁Sh ive ▁and ▁Robert ▁L . ▁We ber , ▁Similar ities ▁in ▁Physics . ▁New ▁York , ▁NY : ▁W iley , ▁ 1 9 8 2 . ▁. ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁ ▁William ▁Sho ck ley , ▁" The ▁path ▁to ▁the ▁conception ▁of ▁the ▁j unction ▁trans istor ", ▁IE EE ▁Trans actions ▁on ▁Electron ▁Dev ices , ▁vol . ▁ 2 3 , ▁no . ▁ 7 , ▁pp .   5 9 7 – 6 2 0 , ▁Jul . ▁ 1 9 7 6 . ▁▁ ▁Charles ▁We iner , ▁" How ▁the ▁trans istor ▁emer ged ", ▁IE EE ▁Spect rum , ▁vol . ▁ 1 0 , ▁no . ▁ 1 , ▁pp .   2 4 – 3 3 , ▁Jan . ▁ 1 9 7 3 . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Di agram ▁of ▁a ▁Sh ive ▁wave ▁machine ▁Im ages ▁of ▁a ▁Sh ive ▁wave ▁machine ▁in ▁various ▁states ▁Mov ies ▁of ▁a ▁Sh ive ▁W ave ▁Machine ▁Open ▁Source ▁Physics ▁Sh ive ▁W ave ▁Machine ▁Model ▁ ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁American ▁phys ic