is ol ▁was ▁monitor ed ▁to ▁measure ▁the ▁stress ▁levels ▁of ▁the ▁dogs , ▁but ▁this ▁data ▁was ▁not ▁presented ▁in ▁the ▁dis sert ation ; ▁behavior al ▁observation ▁was ▁the ▁sole ▁measure ▁of ▁stress . ▁The ▁study ▁concluded ▁that ▁the ▁electronic ▁training ▁col lar ▁indu ces ▁less ▁dist ress ▁and ▁shows ▁stronger ▁“ learning ▁effect ” ▁in ▁dogs ▁in ▁comparison ▁to ▁the ▁pin ch ▁col lar . ▁Comment ing ▁on ▁the ▁qu itting ▁signal , ▁the ▁author ▁stated ▁" It ▁should ▁particularly ▁be ▁mentioned , ▁that ▁the ▁qu itting ▁signal ▁training ▁was ▁imp lied ▁only ▁on ▁adult ▁dogs ▁within ▁the ▁frame ▁of ▁this ▁study . ▁Therefore , ▁the ▁results ▁should ▁not ▁be ▁interpreted ▁as ▁that ▁the ▁qu itting ▁signal ▁can ▁not ▁be ▁a ▁suitable ▁method ▁in ▁police ▁dog ▁training . ▁As ▁previously ▁stated ▁training ▁of ▁the ▁qu itting ▁signal ▁requires ▁a ▁hard ▁and ▁a ▁struct ured ▁procedure . ▁Thus , ▁if ▁the ▁training , ▁namely ▁the ▁condition ing , ▁begins ▁in ▁pu ppy hood , ▁the ▁qu itting ▁signal ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁an ▁effective ▁method ▁in ▁police ▁dog ▁training ". ▁Compar ing ▁the ▁effects ▁of ▁the ▁three ▁pun ishment ▁methods ; ▁" Th ese ▁results ▁can ▁probably ▁be ▁explained ▁by ▁that ▁electronic ▁training ▁col lar ▁comp lies ▁completely ▁with ▁the ▁pun ishment ▁criteria , ▁which ▁were ▁defined ▁by ▁T ORT OR A ▁( 1 9 8 2 ), ▁in ▁case ▁of ▁proof ▁of ▁the ▁prof ic ient ▁and ▁experienced ▁user . ▁On ▁the ▁other ▁hand ▁when ▁applying ▁the ▁pin ch ▁col lar