▁ 2 3 6 – 2 8 0 ▁t onnes ▁of ▁can e ▁per ▁hect are . ▁ ▁Eth an ol ▁▁ ▁Eth an ol ▁is ▁generally ▁available ▁as ▁a ▁by product ▁of ▁sugar ▁production . ▁It ▁can ▁be ▁used ▁as ▁a ▁bio f uel ▁alternative ▁to ▁gas oline , ▁and ▁is ▁widely ▁used ▁in ▁cars ▁in ▁Brazil . ▁It ▁is ▁an ▁alternative ▁to ▁gas oline , ▁and ▁may ▁become ▁the ▁primary ▁product ▁of ▁sugar c ane ▁processing , ▁rather ▁than ▁sugar . ▁ ▁In ▁Brazil , ▁gas oline ▁is ▁required ▁to ▁contain ▁at ▁least ▁ 2 2 % ▁bio eth an ol . ▁This ▁bio eth an ol ▁is ▁s our ced ▁from ▁Brazil ' s ▁large ▁sugar c ane ▁c rop . ▁ ▁The ▁production ▁of ▁eth an ol ▁from ▁sugar ▁can e ▁is ▁more ▁energy ▁efficient ▁than ▁from ▁corn ▁or ▁sugar ▁be ets ▁or ▁pal m / ve get able ▁o ils , ▁particularly ▁if ▁can e ▁bag asse ▁is ▁used ▁to ▁produce ▁heat ▁and ▁power ▁for ▁the ▁process . ▁Furthermore , ▁if ▁bio fu els ▁are ▁used ▁for ▁c rop ▁production ▁and ▁transport , ▁the ▁foss il ▁energy ▁input ▁needed ▁for ▁each ▁eth an ol ▁energy ▁unit ▁can ▁be ▁very ▁low . ▁E IA ▁estimates ▁that ▁with ▁an ▁integrated ▁sugar ▁can e ▁to ▁eth an ol ▁technology , ▁the ▁well - to - w he els ▁CO 2 ▁em issions ▁can ▁be ▁ 9 0 % ▁lower ▁than ▁conventional ▁gas oline . ▁ ▁A ▁text book ▁on ▁renew able