9 7 8 , ▁the ▁leadership ▁adopted ▁economic ▁reform ▁policies ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Four ▁Modern izations . ▁These ▁ten ets ▁aim ed ▁at ▁expand ing ▁rural ▁income ▁and ▁in cent ives , ▁encourag ing ▁experiments ▁in ▁enter prise ▁aut onomy , ▁reducing ▁central ▁planning , ▁and ▁establish ing ▁direct ▁foreign ▁invest ment ▁in ▁Main land ▁China . ▁The ▁Pl enum ▁also ▁decided ▁to ▁acceler ate ▁the ▁pace ▁of ▁legal ▁reform , ▁cul min ating ▁in ▁the ▁passage ▁of ▁several ▁new ▁legal ▁codes ▁by ▁the ▁National ▁People ' s ▁Congress ▁in ▁June ▁ 1 9 7 9 . ▁ ▁The ▁goals ▁of ▁D eng ' s ▁re forms ▁were ▁sum med ▁up ▁by ▁the ▁Four ▁Modern izations : ▁the ▁modern ization ▁of ▁agricult ure , ▁industry , ▁science ▁and ▁technology , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁military . ▁The ▁strategy ▁for ▁ach ieving ▁these ▁a ims , ▁all ▁of ▁which ▁were ▁designed ▁to ▁help ▁China ▁become ▁a ▁modern , ▁industrial ▁nation , ▁was ▁" social ism ▁with ▁Chinese ▁characteristics ". ▁It ▁opened ▁a ▁new ▁era ▁in ▁Chinese ▁history ▁known ▁as ▁" Re forms ▁and ▁Open ing ▁up " ( 改 <0xE9> <0x9D> <0xA9> 开 放 ) ▁to ▁the ▁Out side ▁World . ▁ ▁The ▁ten - year ▁plan ▁draft ed ▁by ▁H ua ▁Gu of eng ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 8 ▁was ▁quickly ▁abandoned ▁on ▁the ▁grounds ▁that ▁China ▁had ▁neither ▁the ▁budget ▁or ▁the ▁technical ▁expert ise ▁to ▁carry ▁it ▁out . ▁Instead , ▁a ▁more ▁mod est ▁five - year ▁plan ▁was