▁to ▁military ▁ag gression ▁in ▁Kos ovo . ▁According ▁to ▁Sh k ël zen ▁M ali qi , ▁author ▁of ▁Alb ans ki ▁Gand h ism , ▁the ▁movement ▁surprised ▁the ▁both ▁Ser bian ▁officials ▁and ▁the ▁Alban ians . ▁The ▁movement ▁began ▁slowly ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 0 s ▁aim ed ▁against ▁constitution al ▁changes . ▁The ▁idea ▁was ▁initi ated ▁by ▁I bra him ▁R ug ova ▁after ▁Kos ovo ' s ▁pro clam ation ▁of ▁independence . ▁However ▁the ▁movement ▁began ▁to ▁disappoint ▁Alban ians ▁as ▁it ▁didn ' t ▁bear ▁the ▁fruit ▁which ▁they ▁hoped ▁for , ▁and ▁so , ▁it ▁was ▁abandoned . ▁R ug ova ▁was ▁critical ▁of ▁the ▁Alban ian ▁resistance ▁movement ▁as ▁he ▁believed ▁it ▁was ▁dangerous ▁for ▁civ ili ans ▁to ▁vent ure ▁out ▁on ▁the ▁streets ▁without ▁the ▁danger ▁of ▁being ▁ab used . ▁R ug ova ▁emphas ised ▁a ▁culture ▁and ▁policy ▁of ▁waiting . ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 7 , ▁R ug ov as ▁g and h ism ▁was ▁critic ised ▁by ▁the ▁L DK - party ▁and ▁others , ▁and ▁the ▁government ▁in ▁Tir ana ▁began ▁holding ▁meet ings ▁with ▁R ug ov as ▁opposition ▁parties . ▁The ▁idea ▁of ▁Alban ian ▁g and h ism ▁was ▁fav oured ▁by ▁A dem ▁D ema ç i ▁who ▁encourag ed ▁conversation ▁with ▁Bel grade . ▁Though ▁D ema ci ▁did ▁not ▁hes itate ▁to ▁defend ▁and ▁political ▁national ▁interests ▁of ▁the ▁Alban ians . ▁The ▁movements ▁aim ▁was