ures ▁Tar ifa ▁from ▁the ▁Mo ors . ▁ ▁The ▁H abs burg s ▁ac quire ▁the ▁Swiss ▁city ▁of ▁Luc erne . ▁ ▁Pope ▁Nicholas ▁IV ▁confir ms ▁the ▁independence ▁of ▁San ▁Mar ino , ▁via ▁pap al ▁b ull . ▁ ▁All ▁glass m akers ▁in ▁Ven ice ▁are ▁forced ▁to ▁move ▁to ▁the ▁island ▁of ▁Mur ano , ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁contain ▁the ▁risk ▁of ▁fire , ▁thus ▁establish ing ▁the ▁glass ▁industry ▁there . ▁ ▁K len ová ▁Castle ▁is ▁constructed ▁in ▁southern ▁Boh emia , ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁a ▁front ier ▁defense ▁system . ▁ ▁King ▁Andrew ▁III ▁of ▁Hung ary ▁gives ▁royal ▁town ▁privileges ▁to ▁Br atis lava , ▁the ▁present - day ▁capital ▁of ▁Slov ak ia . ▁Switzerland ▁officially ▁g ains ▁its ▁independence . ▁▁ ▁Asia ▁▁ ▁May ▁ 1 8 ▁– ▁Al - A sh raf ▁K hal il ▁of ▁Egypt ▁capt ures ▁A cre , ▁thus ▁ex termin ating ▁the ▁Cr us ader ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁Jerusalem ▁( the ▁final ▁Christian ▁land hold ing ▁remaining ▁from ▁the ▁Cr us ades ), ▁and ▁ending ▁the ▁N inth ▁Cr us ade ▁and ▁effectively ▁all ▁Cr us ades , ▁by ▁elimin ating ▁the ▁possibility ▁of ▁further ▁attacks ▁on ▁the ▁Holy ▁Land ▁( see ▁Sie ge ▁of ▁A cre ▁( 1 2 9 1 )). ▁ ▁The ▁artificial ▁Kun ming ▁Lake ▁is ▁constructed ▁as ▁a ▁res er voir ▁for ▁D adu , ▁Y uan ▁D ynast y , ▁China , ▁by ▁famous ▁engineer ▁and ▁astronom er ▁Gu o