▁form . ▁ ▁September ▁ 2 8 ▁– ▁Elizabeth ▁Gar rett ▁Anderson ▁obtain s ▁a ▁lic ence ▁from ▁the ▁Society ▁of ▁Ap othe car ies ▁in ▁London ▁to ▁practice ▁medicine , ▁the ▁first ▁woman ▁to ▁qual ify ▁as ▁a ▁doctor ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom , ▁and ▁sets ▁up ▁in ▁her ▁own ▁practice . ▁ ▁Physics ▁ ▁Rudolf ▁Cla us ius ▁gives ▁the ▁first ▁mathematical ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁concept ▁of ▁entropy , ▁and ▁also ▁names ▁it . ▁ ▁James ▁C ler k ▁Max well ▁publish es ▁A ▁Dynam ical ▁Theory ▁of ▁the ▁Elect romagnet ic ▁Field . ▁ ▁Technology ▁ ▁A vel ing ▁and ▁Por ter ▁produce ▁the ▁world ' s ▁first ▁steam ▁roll er ▁at ▁Ro chester ▁in ▁England . ▁ ▁Hermann ▁Spr eng el ▁produces ▁the ▁Spr eng el ▁p ump ▁which ▁is ▁capable ▁of ▁creating ▁a ▁significant ▁vac u um . ▁ ▁Awards ▁ ▁C ople y ▁Medal : ▁Michel ▁Ch as les . ▁ ▁W oll ast on ▁Medal ▁in ▁Ge ology : ▁Thomas ▁David son . ▁ ▁B irth s ▁ ▁January ▁ 2 2 ▁– ▁Friedrich ▁Pas chen ▁( d ied ▁ 1 9 4 7 ), ▁German ▁phys ic ist . ▁ ▁February ▁ 1 ▁– ▁Henry ▁Luke ▁Bol ley ▁( d ied ▁ 1 9 5 6 ), ▁American ▁plant ▁path ologist . ▁ ▁March ▁ 1 9 ▁– ▁William ▁Mort on ▁Whe eler ▁( d ied ▁ 1 9 3 7 ), ▁American ▁ent om ologist . ▁ ▁March ▁ 3 1 ▁– ▁An and