▁ 1 9 5 8 , ▁in ▁his ▁book , ▁" The ▁Psych iat ric ▁Hospital ▁as ▁a ▁Small ▁Society ". ▁ ▁A ▁resulting ▁journal ▁article ▁and ▁book ▁from ▁this ▁research ▁are ▁considered ▁to ▁be ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁earliest ▁contributions ▁to ▁the ▁field ▁of ▁medical ▁anth rop ology . ▁ ▁Begin ning ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 4 , ▁Ca ud ill ▁turned ▁his ▁interests ▁to ▁Japan , ▁and ▁made ▁a ▁series ▁of ▁tri ps ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁carry ▁out ▁research . ▁ ▁For ▁" Some ▁Cover t ▁Effect s ▁of ▁Communic ation ▁D iff icult ies ▁in ▁a ▁Psych iat ric ▁Hospital ," ▁published ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 4 , ▁Ca ud ill ▁spent ▁six ▁months ▁conduct ing ▁field work ▁at ▁fifteen ▁different ▁Japanese ▁hosp it als . ▁ ▁Here , ▁Ca ud ill ' s ▁work ▁focused ▁again ▁on ▁social ▁hier arch ies ▁within ▁hosp it als ▁and ▁their ▁effects ▁on ▁patients . ▁ ▁During ▁this ▁period , ▁Ca ud ill ▁also ▁took ▁interest ▁in ▁and ▁observed ▁the ▁relationship ▁between ▁American ▁soldiers ▁and ▁the ▁Japanese ▁communities ▁within ▁which ▁they ▁were ▁situated ▁within . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 5 8 - 5 9 , ▁Ca ud ill ' s ▁studies ▁focused ▁on ▁three ▁psych iat ric ▁hosp it als ▁with ▁varied ▁theoretical ▁orient ations ▁and ▁methods ▁of ▁treatment . ▁He ▁also ▁carried ▁out ▁studies ▁of ▁Japanese ▁ps y cho analysis ▁and ▁Mor ita ▁ther apy . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 1 , ▁Ca ud ill ▁published ▁ ▁"