. ▁B acter ia ▁and ▁e uk ary otes ▁use ▁el ong ation ▁factors ▁that ▁are ▁largely ▁hom olog ous ▁to ▁each ▁other , ▁but ▁with ▁distinct ▁structures ▁and ▁different ▁research ▁nom en cl atures . ▁ ▁El ong ation ▁is ▁the ▁most ▁rapid ▁step ▁in ▁translation . ▁In ▁b acter ia , ▁it ▁proceed s ▁at ▁a ▁rate ▁of ▁ 1 5 ▁to ▁ 2 0 ▁am ino ▁ac ids ▁added ▁per ▁second ▁( about ▁ 4 5 - 6 0 ▁nucle ot ides ▁per ▁second ). ▁In ▁e uk ary otes ▁the ▁rate ▁is ▁about ▁two ▁am ino ▁ac ids ▁per ▁second ▁( about ▁ 6 ▁nucle ot ides ▁read , ▁per ▁second ). ▁El ong ation ▁factors ▁play ▁a ▁role ▁in ▁orch estr ating ▁the ▁events ▁of ▁this ▁process , ▁and ▁in ▁ens uring ▁the ▁high ▁accuracy ▁translation ▁at ▁these ▁spe eds . ▁ ▁N omen cl ature ▁of ▁hom olog ous ▁EF s ▁ ▁In ▁addition ▁to ▁their ▁cy top las mic ▁mach in ery , ▁e uk ary otic ▁mit och ond ria ▁and ▁pl ast ids ▁have ▁their ▁own ▁translation ▁mach in ery , ▁each ▁with ▁their ▁own ▁set ▁of ▁b acter ial - type ▁el ong ation ▁factors . ▁In ▁humans , ▁they ▁include ▁T U FM , ▁T SF M , ▁G FM 1 , ▁G FM 2 . ▁ ▁In ▁b acter ia , ▁s elen oc yst ein yl - t R NA ▁requires ▁a ▁special ▁el ong ation ▁factor ▁Sel B ▁()