▁and ▁ 7 th ▁centuries ▁CE , ▁was ▁found ▁below ▁the ▁ru ins ▁of ▁a ▁later ▁Cr us ader ▁church . ▁It ▁was ▁built , ▁in ▁turn , ▁on ▁top ▁of ▁the ▁Roman ▁ma us ole um . ▁The ▁church ▁may ▁originally ▁have ▁been ▁built ▁as ▁the ▁bur ial ▁place ▁of ▁a ▁saint . ▁It ▁was ▁probably ▁destroyed ▁somewhere ▁around ▁the ▁ 7 th ▁century , ▁during ▁the ▁Pers ian ▁or ▁Islam ic ▁con quest s . ▁B ene ath ▁a ▁later ▁Ott oman ▁for tr ess ▁were ▁two ▁p its , ▁se aled ▁off ▁by ▁a ▁door , ▁which ▁contained ▁many ▁pot sh erd s ▁from ▁the ▁early ▁By z antine ▁period . ▁ ▁Early ▁Islam ic ▁period ▁ ▁In ▁ 6 3 4 – 6 3 6 ▁CE , ▁the ▁Islam ic ▁R ash id un ▁C ali ph ate ▁won ▁the ▁region ▁from ▁the ▁By z antine ▁Empire . ▁Although ▁not ▁mentioned ▁in ▁sources , ▁Y ok ne am ▁at ▁that ▁time ▁was ▁a ▁well - pl anned , ▁un fort ified ▁city , ▁with ▁a ▁street ▁system ▁and ▁symmet rical ▁buildings ▁constructed ▁on ▁terra ces . ▁The ▁city ▁was ▁established ▁during ▁the ▁second ▁half ▁of ▁the ▁ 9 th ▁century ▁CE , ▁probably ▁during ▁the ▁rule ▁of ▁A hm ad ▁ibn ▁Tul un , ▁who ▁un ited ▁Egypt , ▁Sy ria , ▁and ▁the ▁Lev ant ▁in ▁ 8 7 8 ▁CE . ▁The ▁Egypt ian ▁r ul ers ▁cons olid ated ▁their ▁control ▁over ▁the ▁country , ▁which