▁not ▁government - m and ated , ▁in ▁sharp ▁contrast ▁to ▁the ▁similar ▁but ▁much ▁less ▁successful ▁re forms ▁in ▁Y ug oslav ia ▁and ▁Hung ary . ▁The ▁capital ▁inv ested ▁in ▁heavy ▁industry ▁largely ▁came ▁from ▁the ▁bank ing ▁system , ▁and ▁most ▁of ▁that ▁capital ▁came ▁from ▁consumer ▁depos its . ▁One ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁items ▁of ▁the ▁D eng ▁re forms ▁was ▁to ▁prevent ▁real location ▁of ▁prof its ▁except ▁through ▁tax ation ▁or ▁through ▁the ▁bank ing ▁system ; ▁hence , ▁the ▁real location ▁in ▁more ▁" ad vanced " ▁indust ries ▁was ▁somewhat ▁indirect . ▁In ▁short , ▁D eng ' s ▁re forms ▁spark ed ▁an ▁industrial ▁revolution ▁in ▁China . ▁ ▁These ▁re forms ▁were ▁a ▁revers al ▁of ▁the ▁Ma o ist ▁policy ▁of ▁aut ark y ▁and ▁economic ▁self - re liance . ▁The ▁P RC ▁decided ▁to ▁acceler ate ▁the ▁modern ization ▁process ▁by ▁ste pping ▁up ▁the ▁volume ▁of ▁foreign ▁trade , ▁especially ▁the ▁purchase ▁of ▁mach in ery ▁from ▁Japan ▁and ▁the ▁West . ▁By ▁particip ating ▁in ▁such ▁export - led ▁growth , ▁the ▁P RC ▁was ▁able ▁to ▁step ▁up ▁the ▁Four ▁Modern izations ▁by ▁taking ▁advantage ▁of ▁foreign ▁funds , ▁mark ets , ▁advanced ▁techn ologies , ▁and ▁management ▁experience . ▁D eng ▁also ▁attract ed ▁foreign ▁companies ▁to ▁a ▁series ▁of ▁Special ▁Econom ic ▁Z ones , ▁where ▁capital ist ▁business ▁practices ▁were ▁encourag ed . ▁ ▁Another ▁important ▁focus ▁of ▁the ▁re forms ▁was ▁the