▁and ▁structure ▁of ▁the ▁firm ' s ▁various ▁business es ▁via ▁dedicated ▁trad ing ▁des k ▁product ▁control ▁teams . ▁In ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁and ▁United ▁Kingdom , ▁a ▁compt roller ▁( or ▁financial ▁controller ) ▁is ▁a ▁senior ▁position , ▁often ▁reporting ▁to ▁the ▁chief ▁financial ▁officer . ▁ ▁R isk ▁management ▁R isk ▁management ▁involves ▁analyz ing ▁the ▁market ▁and ▁credit ▁risk ▁that ▁an ▁invest ment ▁bank ▁or ▁its ▁clients ▁take ▁onto ▁their ▁balance ▁sheet ▁during ▁transactions ▁or ▁tr ades . ▁Middle ▁office ▁functions ▁such ▁as ▁credit ▁risk ▁focus es ▁around ▁capital ▁mark ets ▁activities , ▁such ▁as ▁synd ic ated ▁lo ans , ▁bond ▁issu ance , ▁rest ruct uring , ▁and ▁lever aged ▁fin ance . ▁They ▁are ▁not ▁considered ▁front ▁office ▁as ▁they ▁tend ▁not ▁to ▁be ▁client - f acing ▁and ▁rather ▁' control ' ▁bank ing ▁functions ▁from ▁taking ▁too ▁much ▁risk . ▁Market ▁risk ▁is ▁the ▁control ▁function ▁for ▁the ▁Mark ets ▁business ▁and ▁conduct s ▁review ▁of ▁sales ▁and ▁trad ing ▁activities ▁util izing ▁the ▁Va R ▁model . ▁Other ▁risk ▁groups ▁include ▁country ▁risk , ▁oper ational ▁risk , ▁and ▁counter party ▁ris ks ▁which ▁may ▁or ▁may ▁not ▁exist ▁on ▁a ▁bank ▁to ▁bank ▁basis . ▁Front ▁office ▁ris ks ▁include ▁credit ▁risk ▁solutions . ▁They ▁are ▁a ▁key ▁part ▁of ▁capital ▁market ▁transactions , ▁involving ▁deb t ▁struct uring , ▁exit ▁finan cing , ▁loan ▁am end ment , ▁project ▁fin ance , ▁lever aged ▁buy - outs , ▁and ▁sometimes