▁because ▁of ▁ra inf all ▁patterns , ▁temperature , ▁and ▁spo il age ▁rates ▁of ▁ 3 5 % ▁to ▁ 7 0 % ▁during ▁transport ▁over ▁poor ▁infrastr ucture . ▁Sim ult ane ously , ▁the ▁demand ▁for ▁bet el ▁leaves ▁has ▁been ▁dro pping ▁in ▁India ▁because ▁of ▁accept ance ▁of ▁gut k ha ▁( ch ew ing ▁to b acco ) ▁by ▁consum ers ▁over ▁bet el ▁leaf - based ▁‘ ‘ pa an ’ ’ ▁prepar ation ; ▁the ▁report ▁c ites ▁bet el ▁leaf ▁trad ing ▁has ▁dropped ▁by ▁ 6 5 % ▁from ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁to ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁and ▁created ▁an ▁o vers upp ly . ▁As ▁a ▁result , ▁the ▁report ▁claims ▁Indian ▁far mers ▁do ▁not ▁find ▁bet el ▁far ming ▁luc r ative ▁anymore . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁K ava ▁Dom estic ated ▁plants ▁and ▁animals ▁of ▁Aust ron esia ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁▁▁ ▁' The ▁Art ▁of ▁Che wing ▁Bet el ', ▁in : ▁For bes , ▁Andrew , ▁and ▁Hen ley , ▁David , ▁An cient ▁Chi ang ▁Mai ▁Volume ▁ 3 . ▁Chi ang ▁Mai , ▁C ogn os cent i ▁Books , ▁ 2 0 1 2 . ▁AS IN : ▁B 0 0 6 IN 1 R N W ▁ ▁The ▁Mer ck ▁Man ual . ▁T um ours ▁of ▁The ▁head ▁and ▁neck . ▁ ▁Bet el - qu id ▁and ▁Are ca - nut ▁Che wing ▁and ▁Some