al ized ▁processes ▁of ▁action - system s , ▁which , ▁in ▁the ▁final ▁analysis , ▁is ▁the ▁historical ▁effort ▁of ▁individual ▁actors . ▁While ▁Lu h mann ▁focused ▁on ▁the ▁system ic ▁im man ence , ▁Par s ons ▁ins isted ▁that ▁the ▁question ▁of ▁aut oc atal yt ic ▁and ▁home ost atic ▁processes ▁and ▁the ▁question ▁about ▁the ▁actor ▁as ▁the ▁ult imate ▁" first ▁m over " ▁on ▁the ▁other ▁hand ▁was ▁not ▁mut ually ▁exclusive . ▁Home ost atic ▁processes ▁might ▁be ▁necessary ▁if ▁and ▁when ▁they ▁occur ▁but ▁action ▁is ▁necess it ating . ▁ ▁It ▁is ▁only ▁that ▁perspective ▁of ▁the ▁ult imate ▁reference ▁in ▁action ▁that ▁Par s ons ' ▁dict um ▁( that ▁higher - order ▁cy ber net ic ▁systems ▁in ▁history ▁will ▁tend ▁to ▁control ▁social ▁forms ▁that ▁are ▁organized ▁on ▁the ▁lower ▁levels ▁of ▁the ▁cy ber net ic ▁hierarchy ) ▁should ▁be ▁understood . ▁For ▁Par s ons , ▁the ▁highest ▁levels ▁of ▁the ▁cy ber net ic ▁hierarchy ▁as ▁far ▁as ▁the ▁general ▁action ▁level ▁is ▁concerned ▁is ▁what ▁Par s ons ▁calls ▁the ▁constit utive ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁cultural ▁system ▁( the ▁L ▁of ▁the ▁L ). ▁However , ▁within ▁the ▁interaction al ▁processes ▁of ▁the ▁system , ▁attention ▁should ▁be ▁paid ▁especially ▁to ▁the ▁cultural - express iv istic ▁axis ▁( the ▁L - G ▁line ▁in ▁the ▁AG IL ). ▁By ▁the ▁term ▁constit utive , ▁Par s ons ▁generally ▁referred ▁to ▁very ▁highly ▁cod ified