▁God , ▁while ▁most ▁S ā mk h ya ▁think ers ▁critic ized ▁this ▁idea . ▁ ▁S ā mk h ya ▁ep ist em ology ▁accepts ▁three ▁of ▁six ▁pr aman as ▁( proof s ) ▁as ▁the ▁only ▁reliable ▁means ▁of ▁gain ing ▁knowledge ; ▁pr aty ak ṣ a ▁( per ception ), ▁an um ā ṇ a ▁( in ference ) ▁and ▁ś ab da ▁( word / test im ony ▁of ▁reliable ▁sources ). ▁The ▁school ▁developed ▁a ▁complex ▁theoretical ▁ex position ▁of ▁the ▁evolution ▁of ▁conscious ness ▁and ▁matter . ▁S ā mk h ya ▁sources ▁argue ▁that ▁the ▁universe ▁consists ▁of ▁two ▁real ities , ▁pur u ṣ a ▁( cons cious ness ) ▁and ▁p rak ṛ ti ▁( m atter ). ▁ ▁As ▁shown ▁by ▁the ▁S ā <0xE1> <0xB9> <0x81> k hy ap rav ac ana ▁S ū tra ▁( c . ▁ 1 4 th ▁century ▁CE ), ▁S ā mk h ya ▁continued ▁to ▁develop ▁throughout ▁the ▁medieval ▁period . ▁ ▁Ny ā ya ▁The ▁Ny ā ya ▁school ▁of ▁ep ist em ology , ▁expl ores ▁sources ▁of ▁knowledge ▁( P ram ā ṇ a ) ▁and ▁is ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁Ny ā ya ▁S ū tras ▁( cir ca ▁ 6 th - century ▁B CE ▁and ▁ 2 nd - century ▁CE ). ▁Ny ā ya ▁holds ▁that ▁human ▁suffering ▁ar ises ▁out ▁of ▁ignor ance ▁and ▁liber ation ▁ar ises ▁through ▁correct ▁knowledge . ▁Therefore , ▁they