s ▁Ro le ▁Mod els ▁ ▁At at ür k ' s ▁regime ▁promoted ▁female ▁role ▁models ▁who ▁were , ▁in ▁his ▁words , ▁" the ▁moth ers ▁of ▁the ▁nation ." ▁This ▁woman ▁of ▁the ▁republic ▁was ▁cult ured , ▁educated , ▁and ▁modern ; ▁to ▁promote ▁this ▁image , ▁the ▁Miss ▁Turkey ▁page ants ▁were ▁first ▁organized ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 9 . ▁ ▁Social ▁structure ▁ ▁Personal ▁Names ▁ ▁Ott oman ▁Empire ▁did ▁not ▁use ▁s urn ames . ▁Family ▁name , ▁or ▁last ▁name ▁is ▁the ▁portion ▁( in ▁some ▁cult ures ) ▁of ▁a ▁personal ▁name ▁that ▁indicates ▁a ▁person ' s ▁family . ▁Depending ▁on ▁the ▁culture , ▁all ▁members ▁of ▁a ▁family ▁unit ▁may ▁have ▁identical ▁s urn ames ▁or ▁there ▁may ▁be ▁variations ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁cultural ▁rules . ▁ ▁The ▁S urname ▁Law ▁was ▁adopted ▁on ▁June ▁ 2 1 , ▁ 1 9 3 4 . ▁The ▁law ▁requires ▁all ▁citizens ▁of ▁Turkey ▁to ▁adopt ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁her edit ary , ▁fixed , ▁s urn ames . ▁Much ▁of ▁the ▁population , ▁particularly ▁in ▁the ▁cities ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁Turkey ' s ▁Christian ▁and ▁Jewish ▁citizens , ▁already ▁had ▁s urn ames , ▁and ▁all ▁families ▁had ▁names ▁by ▁which ▁they ▁were ▁known ▁locally . ▁ ▁Me asure ment ▁( Calendar ▁- ▁Time ▁- ▁Met ric ) ▁ ▁The ▁clock s , ▁cal end ars ▁and ▁measures ▁used ▁in ▁the ▁Ott oman ▁Empire ▁were ▁different ▁from ▁those ▁used ▁in ▁the ▁European