▁tact ics ▁employed ▁against ▁the ▁card inals ▁in ▁V iter bo . ▁The ▁first ▁election ▁held ▁under ▁those ▁rules ▁is ▁sometimes ▁viewed ▁as ▁the ▁first ▁conc lave . ▁ ▁Card inal ▁elect ors ▁The ▁dynamic ▁of ▁the ▁conc lave ▁was ▁divided ▁between ▁the ▁French ▁An ge vin ▁card inals , ▁mostly ▁created ▁by ▁Pope ▁Urban ▁IV , ▁who ▁were ▁am enable ▁to ▁an ▁invasion ▁of ▁Italy ▁by ▁Charles ▁of ▁An jou , ▁and ▁the ▁non - F rench ▁( most ly ▁Italian ) ▁card inals ▁whose ▁numbers ▁were ▁just ▁sufficient ▁to ▁prevent ▁a ▁French ▁po pe ▁from ▁being ▁elected . ▁Clement ▁IV ' s ▁crow ning ▁of ▁Charles ▁of ▁An jou ▁as ▁King ▁of ▁Nap les ▁and ▁Sic ily , ▁previously ▁a ▁pap al ▁f ief , ▁had ▁c ement ed ▁the ▁influence ▁of ▁the ▁French ▁mon archy ▁in ▁the ▁Italian ▁pen ins ula ▁and ▁created ▁an ▁inten se ▁division ▁within ▁the ▁College ▁of ▁Card inals ▁between ▁those ▁who ▁opposed ▁and ▁supported ▁French ▁influence , ▁and ▁by ▁extension , ▁ul tr am ont an ism . ▁Con rad in , ▁the ▁last ▁r uler ▁of ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁H ohen st auf en , ▁had ▁been ▁be head ed ▁in ▁Nap les ▁just ▁a ▁month ▁before ▁the ▁death ▁of ▁Clement ▁IV . ▁ ▁At ▁the ▁death ▁of ▁Clement ▁IV ▁there ▁were ▁twenty ▁card inals ▁in ▁the ▁Sac red ▁College . ▁One ▁cardinal ▁( R od ol phe ▁of ▁Alb ano ) ▁was ▁absent ▁throughout ▁and ▁died ▁during ▁the ▁vac ancy . ▁The ▁other