▁been ▁in ▁and ▁out ▁of ▁favor ▁since ▁ 1 9 5 7 , ▁was ▁critic ized ▁for ▁his ▁novel ▁A ▁D ifferent ▁Kind ▁Of ▁Lo yal ty ▁which ▁suggested ▁that ▁the ▁Commun ist ▁Party ▁was ▁not ▁inf al li ble , ▁nor ▁should ▁it ▁be ▁followed ▁without ▁question . ▁ ▁In ▁late ▁ 1 9 8 3 , ▁there ▁appeared ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁brief ▁rev ival ▁of ▁the ▁Cultural ▁Revolution ▁when ▁the ▁" Ant i ▁Spirit ual ▁Pol l ution " ▁campaign ▁was ▁launched . ▁P orn ography ▁and ▁un accept able ▁writ ings ▁were ▁conf isc ated , ▁people ▁with ▁Western ▁ha irst yles ▁were ▁forced ▁to ▁cut ▁their ▁hair , ▁and ▁army ▁units ▁were ▁required ▁to ▁sing ▁" So cial ism ▁is ▁Good ", ▁a ▁v ener able ▁t une ▁that ▁had ▁been ▁b anned ▁during ▁the ▁CR ▁for ▁" keep ing ▁the ▁people ▁too ▁quiet ." ▁However , ▁D eng ▁X ia op ing ▁rather ▁quickly ▁halt ed ▁the ▁campaign . ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 s , ▁religious ▁freedom ▁was ▁restored ▁in ▁China ▁after ▁having ▁been ▁virt ually ▁out la wed ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 6 – 1 9 7 6 . ▁The ▁state ▁recognized ▁five ▁official ▁faith s , ▁Protest ant ism , ▁Catholic ism , ▁Islam , ▁Buddh ism , ▁and ▁T ao ism . ▁H ouses ▁of ▁worship ▁were ▁permitted ▁to ▁operate ▁with ▁a ▁license ▁and ▁under ▁the ▁condition ▁that ▁they ▁not ▁opp ose ▁the ▁party ▁and ▁social ism . ▁This ▁religious