' ▁ident ities ▁of ▁half - J apan ese ▁girls , ▁Harold ▁Cast añ eda - Pe ña ▁( 2 0 0 8 ) ▁in ▁the ▁exam ination ▁of ▁pup ils ▁in ▁an ▁E FL ▁class room ▁in ▁Brazil ; ▁Helen ▁Sa unt son ▁in ▁the ▁analysis ▁of ▁UK ▁secondary ▁school ▁class room ▁talk ; ▁and ▁Paul ▁Baker ( 2 0 1 3 ) ▁in ▁the ▁study ▁of ▁newspaper ▁representations ▁of ▁pre dat ory ▁women . ▁F P DA ▁is ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁following ▁principles , ▁which ▁continue ▁to ▁be ▁discussed ▁and ▁deb ated ▁by ▁sch ol ars : ▁▁ ▁Disc ourse ▁as ▁social ▁practice ▁( r ather ▁than , ▁or ▁additional ▁to , ▁‘ language ▁above ▁the ▁sentence ’ ▁or ▁as ▁‘ language ▁in ▁use ’ ▁( C amer on , ▁ 2 0 0 1 ) ▁ ▁The ▁perform ative ▁( r ather ▁than ▁the ▁essential ist ▁or ▁possess ive ) ▁nature ▁of ▁speak ers ’ ▁ident ities ; ▁gender ▁is ▁something ▁people ▁en act ▁or ▁do , ▁not ▁something ▁they ▁are ▁or ▁character ise ▁( But ler ▁ 1 9 9 0 ) ▁ ▁The ▁divers ity ▁and ▁multip licity ▁of ▁speak ers ’ ▁ident ities : ▁thus , ▁gender ▁is ▁just ▁one ▁of ▁many ▁cultural ▁variables ▁construct ing ▁speak ers ’ ▁ident ities ▁( e . g . ▁regional ▁background , ▁eth nic ity , ▁class , ▁age ), ▁though ▁it ▁is ▁still ▁viewed ▁as ▁potentially ▁highly ▁significant ▁ ▁The ▁construction ▁of ▁meaning ▁within ▁local ised ▁or ▁context -