▁gave ▁birth ▁to ▁count less ▁independent ▁media ▁produ cers ▁and ▁new ▁a ven ues ▁for ▁deliver ing ▁content ▁to ▁view ers . ▁ ▁Cit izen ▁Journal ism ▁websites ▁which ▁encou rage ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁public ▁to ▁publish ▁news ▁that ▁is ▁relevant ▁to ▁them . ▁The ▁social ▁development ▁of ▁Independent ▁Media ▁Cent ers ▁( IM C s ) ▁introduced ▁collabor ative ▁Cit izen ▁media ▁with ▁concepts ▁of ▁cons ensus ▁decision ▁making , ▁mand atory ▁inclusion ▁of ▁women ▁and ▁minor ities , ▁non - cor por ate ▁control , ▁the ▁anonymous ▁acc red itation . ▁ ▁I MC s ▁have ▁been ▁founded ▁in ▁over ▁ 2 0 0 ▁cities ▁all ▁over ▁the ▁world . ▁Com mer cial ▁models ▁that ▁use ▁these ▁new ▁methods ▁are ▁being ▁born ▁and ▁acquired ▁by ▁media ▁corpor ations ▁on ▁a ▁daily ▁basis . ▁We ▁can ▁see ▁some ▁examples ▁about ▁citiz en ▁press ▁like ▁https :// web . archive . org / web / 2 0 1 2 1 2 1 1 0 3 5 1 2 7 / http :// m w aten press . com / ▁C MS ▁in ▁Arab ic ▁language . ▁The ▁techn ological ▁development ▁of ▁Content ▁Management ▁Systems ▁( C MS ) ▁in ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 9 9 0 s , ▁which ▁allowed ▁non - techn ical ▁people ▁to ▁author ▁and ▁publish ▁articles ▁to ▁the ▁internet , ▁spawn ed ▁the ▁birth ▁of ▁web logs ▁or ▁blog s , ▁Pod cast ing ▁( audio ▁blog s ), ▁V logs ▁( video ▁blog s ), ▁collabor ative ▁w