▁was ▁being ▁tried ▁for ▁ordering ▁the ▁execution ▁of ▁eleven ▁mut in ous ▁Filip ino ▁por ters . ▁ ▁W aller ▁did ▁not ▁mention ▁Smith ' s ▁order ▁in ▁his ▁defense , ▁instead ▁re lying ▁on ▁prov isions ▁of ▁Civil ▁War ▁General ▁Order ▁Number ▁ 1 0 0 . ▁ ▁That ▁General ▁Order , ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Lie ber ▁Code , ▁dict ated ▁how ▁Union ▁soldiers ▁were ▁expected ▁to ▁conduct ▁themselves ▁during ▁w art ime , ▁and ▁is ▁considered ▁a ▁prec ursor ▁to ▁the ▁Gene va ▁Con vent ions . ▁ ▁In ▁contrast ▁to ▁later ▁agre ements ▁regarding ▁rules ▁of ▁war , ▁the ▁Lie ber ▁Code ▁permitted ▁the ▁killing ▁of ▁P OW s ▁in ▁repr is al ▁for ▁viol ations ▁of ▁the ▁rules ▁of ▁war ▁by ▁the ▁enemy , ▁and ▁called ▁for ▁the ▁summary ▁execution ▁of ▁sp ies , ▁sab ote urs ▁and ▁gu err illa ▁f igh ters . ▁ ▁W aller ' s ▁coun sel ▁had ▁rest ed ▁his ▁defense . ▁ ▁The ▁pro sec ution ▁decided ▁to ▁call ▁Smith ▁as ▁a ▁re but tal ▁witness . ▁ ▁Smith ▁was ▁not ▁above ▁s elling ▁out ▁W aller ▁to ▁save ▁his ▁career . ▁On ▁April ▁ 7 , ▁ 1 9 0 2 , ▁Smith ▁per j ured ▁himself ▁again ▁by ▁den ying ▁that ▁he ▁had ▁given ▁any ▁special ▁ver bal ▁orders ▁to ▁W aller . ▁ ▁In ▁response , ▁W aller ▁revealed ▁Smith ' s ▁order ▁to ▁him ▁and ▁produced ▁three ▁officers ▁who ▁cor ro bor ated ▁W aller ' s