ical ▁work ▁entitled ▁T att v op ap lav asi ṃ ha ▁(" The ▁Lion ▁that ▁Dev ours ▁All ▁C ategories " /" The ▁U ps et ting ▁of ▁All ▁Princi ples "), ▁has ▁been ▁seen ▁as ▁an ▁important ▁A j ñ ana ▁phil os opher . ▁ ▁Buddh ist ▁philosoph ies ▁ ▁Buddh ist ▁philosophy ▁begins ▁with ▁the ▁thought ▁of ▁G aut ama ▁Bud d ha ▁( fl . ▁between ▁sixth ▁and ▁fourth ▁centuries ▁B CE ) ▁and ▁is ▁preserved ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁Buddh ist ▁texts . ▁It ▁generally ▁refers ▁to ▁the ▁philosoph ical ▁investig ations ▁that ▁developed ▁among ▁various ▁Buddh ist ▁schools ▁in ▁India ▁and ▁later ▁spread ▁throughout ▁Asia ▁through ▁the ▁sil k ▁road . ▁Buddh ist ▁thought ▁is ▁trans - reg ional ▁and ▁trans - c ult ural . ▁It ▁is ▁the ▁dominant ▁philosoph ical ▁tradition ▁in ▁Tib et ▁and ▁S out heast ▁Asian ▁countries ▁like ▁Sri ▁L anka ▁and ▁Bur ma . ▁ ▁Buddh ism ' s ▁main ▁concern ▁is ▁s ot eri ological , ▁defined ▁as ▁freedom ▁from ▁du kk ha ▁( une ase ). ▁Because ▁ignor ance ▁to ▁the ▁true ▁nature ▁of ▁things ▁is ▁considered ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁roots ▁of ▁suffering , ▁Buddh ist ▁think ers ▁concerned ▁themselves ▁with ▁philosoph ical ▁questions ▁related ▁to ▁ep ist em ology ▁and ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁reason . ▁Key ▁Buddh ist ▁concepts ▁include ▁the ▁Four ▁No ble ▁Tr uth s , ▁An atta ▁( not - self ) ▁a ▁critique ▁of ▁a ▁fixed ▁personal ▁identity , ▁the ▁trans ience ▁of ▁all