ic ▁stroke ▁vs ▁ES US ▁ ▁C rypt ogen ic ▁stroke ▁is ▁also ▁an ▁is chem ic ▁stroke ▁with ▁more ▁than ▁one ▁probable ▁cause ▁or ▁stro kes ▁with ▁incomplete ▁di agnostic ▁work up . ▁ES US ▁has ▁a ▁clearer ▁definition , ▁with ▁an ▁established ▁minimum ▁di agnostic ▁requirements ; ▁this ▁is ▁not ▁required ▁in ▁defining ▁a ▁crypt ogen ic ▁stroke . ▁ES US ▁is ▁an ▁em bol ic ▁stroke ▁for ▁which ▁no ▁probable ▁cause ▁can ▁be ▁identified ▁after ▁a ▁standard ▁di agnostic ▁evaluation . ▁ ▁Management ▁ ▁Due ▁to ▁the ▁lack ▁of ▁data , ▁there ▁are ▁no ▁specific ▁treatment ▁gu idel ines ▁for ▁ES US . ▁Current ▁gu idel ines ▁recommend ▁anti plate let ▁ther apy ▁for ▁patients ▁with ▁non - card io emb ol ic ▁is chem ic ▁stroke . ▁However , ▁it ▁is ▁widely ▁believed ▁that ▁there ▁is ▁a ▁substantial ▁overlap ▁between ▁ES US ▁and ▁card io emb ol ic ▁stroke ▁so ▁there ▁may ▁be ▁a ▁r ationale ▁for ▁ant ico ag ulation . ▁This ▁approach ▁is ▁currently ▁tested ▁in ▁clin ical ▁tri als . ▁ ▁Ep ide mi ology ▁ ▁On ▁average , ▁ES US ▁accounts ▁for ▁about ▁ 1 ▁in ▁ 6 ▁is chem ic ▁stro kes ▁( 1 7 % ▁( range ▁ 9 ▁– ▁ 2 5 % )) ▁according ▁to ▁a ▁system atic ▁literature ▁review ▁of ▁ 9 ▁studies . ▁Pat ients ▁with ▁ES US ▁tend ▁to ▁be ▁relatively ▁young ▁and ▁experience ▁m ild ▁stro kes . ▁However , ▁ES US ▁is ▁associated ▁with ▁high ▁rec