▁and ▁most ▁of ▁Th race ▁and ▁Mac ed onia , ▁and ▁the ▁Ser bs ▁to ▁the ▁north west . ▁Eastern ▁and ▁Western ▁churches ▁had ▁formally ▁split ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 1 th ▁century , ▁and ▁despite ▁occas ional ▁periods ▁of ▁co - operation ▁during ▁the ▁ 1 2 th ▁century , ▁in ▁ 1 2 0 4 ▁the ▁Four th ▁Cr us ade ▁tre acher ously ▁captured ▁Constantin ople . ▁This ▁sever ely ▁dam aged ▁the ▁By z ant ines , ▁and ▁their ▁power ▁was ▁ultimately ▁weak ened ▁by ▁the ▁Sel ju ks ▁and ▁the ▁rising ▁Ott oman ▁Empire ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 4 – 1 5 th ▁century . ▁The ▁power ▁of ▁the ▁Latin ▁Empire , ▁however , ▁was ▁short ▁lived ▁after ▁the ▁Cr us ader ▁army ▁was ▁rout ed ▁by ▁Bulgar ian ▁Emperor ▁K alo yan ▁in ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁Ad rian ople ▁( 1 2 0 5 ). ▁ ▁Cl imate ▁and ▁agricult ure ▁ ▁The ▁Med ieval ▁W arm ▁Period , ▁the ▁period ▁from ▁ 1 0 th ▁century ▁to ▁about ▁the ▁ 1 4 th ▁century ▁in ▁Europe , ▁was ▁a ▁relatively ▁warm ▁and ▁gentle ▁interval ▁ended ▁by ▁the ▁generally ▁col der ▁Little ▁Ice ▁Age . ▁Farm ers ▁grew ▁whe at ▁well ▁north ▁into ▁Sc and in avia , ▁and ▁wine ▁g rap es ▁in ▁northern ▁England , ▁although ▁the ▁maximum ▁expansion ▁of ▁v ine y ards ▁appears ▁to ▁occur ▁within ▁the ▁Little ▁Ice ▁Age ▁period . ▁During ▁this ▁time , ▁a ▁high ▁demand ▁for ▁wine ▁and ▁steady