, ▁in ▁modern ▁writers ▁such ▁as ▁Thomas ▁More , ▁Camp an ella , ▁and ▁numerous ▁En light en ment ▁writers ▁in ▁ 1 8 th - century ▁France . ▁ ▁State ▁Social ism : ▁Descri bes ▁the ▁social ism ▁of ▁the ▁Inc as , ▁the ▁Jes uit ▁state ▁in ▁Par agu ay , ▁Mes op ot am ia , ▁Egypt , ▁and ▁China . ▁ ▁Analysis : ▁Ident ifies ▁three ▁persistent ▁abol ition ▁them es ▁in ▁social ism ▁– ▁the ▁abol ition ▁of ▁private ▁property , ▁the ▁abol ition ▁of ▁the ▁family , ▁and ▁the ▁abol ition ▁of ▁religion ▁( main ly , ▁but ▁not ▁exclus ively ▁Christian ity ) ▁ ▁Sh af are v ich ▁argued ▁that ▁ancient ▁social ism ▁( such ▁as ▁Mes op ot am ia ▁and ▁Egypt ) ▁was ▁not ▁ide ological , ▁as ▁an ▁ide ology ▁social ism ▁was ▁a ▁reaction ▁to ▁the ▁emer gence ▁of ▁individual ism ▁in ▁the ▁Ax ial ▁Age . ▁He ▁compared ▁Thomas ▁More ' s ▁( U top ia ) ▁and ▁Camp an ella ' s ▁( City ▁of ▁the ▁Sun ) ▁vis ions ▁with ▁what ▁is ▁known ▁about ▁the ▁In ca ▁Empire , ▁and ▁concluded ▁that ▁there ▁are ▁striking ▁similar ities . ▁He ▁claimed ▁that ▁we ▁become ▁persons ▁through ▁our ▁relationship ▁with ▁God , ▁and ▁argued ▁that ▁social ism ▁is ▁essentially ▁n ih il istic , ▁un cons ci ously ▁motiv ated ▁by ▁a ▁death ▁instinct . ▁He ▁concluded ▁that ▁we ▁have ▁the ▁choice ▁of ▁either ▁purs uing ▁death ▁or ▁life .