▁in ▁long ▁term ▁wh i pl ash ▁inj uries ▁caused ▁by ▁car ▁acc idents . ▁ ▁Context ▁Similar ▁front ▁seat ▁technology ▁is ▁now ▁found ▁in ▁many ▁Asian , ▁European , ▁and ▁American ▁vehicles . ▁The ▁In sur ance ▁Institute ▁for ▁Highway ▁Saf ety ▁( II HS ) ▁rates ▁head ▁rest raint ▁and ▁seat ▁designs ▁and ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁Euro ▁NC AP ▁ 5 ▁star ▁safety ▁testing ▁now ▁includes ▁wh i pl ash ▁protection ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁testing ▁program . ▁Sa ab ▁Autom obile ▁AB ▁was ▁first ▁with ▁introdu cing ▁active ▁head ▁rest raint s ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 7 . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Side ▁Imp act ▁Prote ction ▁System ▁Sa ab ▁Active ▁Head ▁Rest raint ▁( SA HR ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁General ▁Sch olar ly ▁articles ▁about ▁WH IP S ▁at ▁Pub Med ▁FM V SS ▁ 2 0 2 a ▁Dynamic ▁E valu ation ▁of ▁the ▁Vol vo ▁WH IP S ▁Se at ; ▁html , ▁pdf . ▁WH IP S ▁query ▁at ▁the ▁II HS ▁website . ▁Over all ▁effect iveness ▁report ▁ ▁Category : V eh icle ▁safety ▁techn ologies ▁Category : Vol vo ▁C ars <0x0A> </s> ▁Giovanni ▁Bald elli ▁( 1 9 1 4 – 1 9 8 6 ) ▁was ▁an ▁an arch ist ▁the or ist , ▁best ▁known ▁for ▁his ▁ 1 9 7 1 ▁work ▁Social ▁An arch ism ▁which ▁defines ▁social ▁an arch ism ▁and ▁provides ▁a ▁framework ▁for ▁its ▁introduction . ▁ ▁Bald elli ▁also ▁wrote