▁view ▁that ▁social ▁progress ▁in ▁Europe ▁had ▁followed ▁the ▁Protest ant ▁re formation , ▁as ▁expressed ▁in ▁François ▁Gu iz ot ' s ▁Histoire ▁de ▁la ▁civil isation ▁en ▁Europe ▁( 1 8 2 8 ). ▁The ▁reform - mind ed ▁Muslim ▁think ers ▁concluded ▁from ▁the ▁Luther an ▁experience ▁that ▁the ▁reform ▁of ▁Islam ▁was ▁imper ative . ▁Abd ul lah ▁C ev det , ▁ İ s mail ▁Fen ni ▁Er tu ğ r ul ▁and ▁K ı l ı ç z â de ▁ İ s mail ▁H ak k ı ▁( İ s mail ▁H ak k ı ▁K ı l ı ço ğ lu ), ▁who ▁were ▁western ist ▁think ers , ▁took ▁their ▁insp iration ▁rather ▁from ▁the ▁subsequent ▁marg inal ization ▁of ▁religion ▁in ▁European ▁soci eties . ▁To ▁them , ▁a ▁reform ed ▁religion ▁had ▁only ▁a ▁temporary ▁role ▁to ▁play ▁as ▁an ▁instrument ▁for ▁the ▁modern ization ▁of ▁society , ▁after ▁which ▁it ▁would ▁be ▁cast ▁aside ▁( from ▁public ▁life ▁and ▁limited ▁to ▁personal ▁life ). ▁All - out ▁attack ▁on ▁Islam ▁in ▁a ▁pre domin antly ▁Muslim ▁society ▁was ▁inj ud icious . ▁A ▁re config ured ▁version ▁of ▁Islam ▁could ▁be ▁co - opt ed ▁to ▁serve ▁as ▁a ▁vehicle ▁for ▁progress ▁and ▁en light en ment . ▁At at ür k ' s ▁achiev ement ▁was ▁to ▁ampl ify ▁the ▁common ▁ground ▁and ▁put ▁the ▁country ▁on ▁a ▁fast ▁track ▁of ▁re forms . ▁ ▁Rem oval ▁of ▁classical ▁structures