▁in ▁what ▁Jewish ▁sett lers ▁call ▁" J ude a ▁and ▁Sam aria ". ▁A ▁second ▁element ▁was ▁the ▁settlement ▁project , ▁which , ▁in ▁bringing ▁two ▁distinct ▁eth nic ▁communities ▁into ▁closer ▁proxim ity , ▁led ▁to ▁an ▁u pt ick ▁in ▁host ilities ▁that ▁brought ▁about ▁a ▁growing ▁emphas is ▁on ▁the ▁exist ential ▁threat ▁in ▁both ▁communities . ▁The ▁Jewish ▁under ground ▁developed ▁two ▁oper ational ▁object ives : ▁One ▁consisted ▁of ▁a ▁plot ▁to ▁blow ▁up ▁the ▁D ome ▁of ▁the ▁Rock , ▁while ▁the ▁other ▁branch ▁concentr ated ▁on ▁both ▁a ven ging ▁acts ▁of ▁Palest in ian ▁violence ▁against ▁sett lers ▁and ▁of ▁establish ing ▁a ▁pun itive ▁d eter rence . ▁Some ▁understood ▁the ▁terror ist ▁acts ▁as ▁a ▁means ▁of ▁indu cing ▁Palest ini ans ▁to ▁fle e ▁their ▁hom eland , ▁and ▁par alle ls ▁are ▁made ▁with ▁it ▁to ▁the ▁T error ▁Again st ▁T error ▁movement , ▁which ▁had ▁a ▁similar ▁aim . ▁Robert ▁Fried man ▁stated ▁that ▁the ▁Mak h ter et ▁was ▁" the ▁most ▁violent ▁anti - A rab ▁terror ist ▁organization ▁since ▁the ▁birth ▁of ▁Israel ". ▁ ▁M embers ▁of ▁the ▁Jewish ▁Under ground ▁were ▁eventually ▁rounded ▁up ▁and ▁brought ▁to ▁trial ▁on ▁charges ▁that ▁included ▁viol ating ▁the ▁ 1 9 4 8 ▁Pre vention ▁of ▁T error ism ▁Dec ree . ▁The ▁charge ▁of ▁membership ▁of ▁a ▁terror ist ▁organization ▁was ▁dropped ▁against ▁ 1 0 ▁out ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 7 ▁in ▁a ▁ple