▁as ▁the ▁cube ▁of ▁the ▁wind ▁speed , ▁tur b ines ▁have ▁to ▁be ▁built ▁to ▁surv ive ▁much ▁higher ▁wind ▁loads ▁( such ▁as ▁g ust s ▁of ▁wind ) ▁than ▁those ▁from ▁which ▁they ▁can ▁pract ically ▁generate ▁power . ▁Wind ▁tur b ines ▁have ▁ways ▁of ▁reducing ▁tor que ▁in ▁high ▁wind s . ▁ ▁A ▁wind ▁tur bine ▁is ▁designed ▁to ▁produce ▁power ▁over ▁a ▁range ▁of ▁wind ▁spe eds . ▁The ▁cut - in ▁speed ▁is ▁around ▁ 3 – 4   m / s ▁for ▁most ▁tur b ines , ▁and ▁cut - out ▁at ▁ 2 5   m / s . ▁If ▁the ▁r ated ▁wind ▁speed ▁is ▁exceed ed ▁the ▁power ▁has ▁to ▁be ▁limited . ▁There ▁are ▁various ▁ways ▁to ▁achieve ▁this . ▁ ▁A ▁control ▁system ▁involves ▁three ▁basic ▁elements : ▁sens ors ▁to ▁measure ▁process ▁variables , ▁actu ators ▁to ▁manipulate ▁energy ▁capture ▁and ▁component ▁loading , ▁and ▁control ▁algorithms ▁to ▁coordinate ▁the ▁actu ators ▁based ▁on ▁information ▁gathered ▁by ▁the ▁sens ors . ▁ ▁All ▁wind ▁tur b ines ▁are ▁designed ▁for ▁a ▁maximum ▁wind ▁speed , ▁called ▁the ▁surv ival ▁speed , ▁above ▁which ▁they ▁will ▁be ▁dam aged . ▁The ▁surv ival ▁speed ▁of ▁commercial ▁wind ▁tur b ines ▁is ▁in ▁the ▁range ▁of ▁ 4 0   m / s ▁( 1 4 4   km / h , ▁ 8 9 ▁MP H ) ▁to ▁ 7 2   m / s ▁( 2 5 9