0 s ▁and ▁ 1 8 4 0 s ▁in ▁North ▁America , ▁and ▁was ▁pre ached ▁by ▁minister s ▁such ▁as ▁William ▁Miller , ▁whose ▁follow ers ▁became ▁known ▁as ▁Miller ites . ▁The ▁name ▁refers ▁to ▁belief ▁in ▁the ▁soon ▁Second ▁Advent ▁of ▁Jesus ▁( pop ular ly ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Second ▁coming ) ▁and ▁resulted ▁in ▁several ▁major ▁religious ▁denomin ations , ▁including ▁Se vent h - day ▁Advent ists ▁and ▁Advent ▁Christians . ▁ ▁Hol iness ▁movement ▁ ▁Though ▁its ▁roots ▁are ▁in ▁the ▁First ▁Great ▁Aw ak ening ▁and ▁earlier , ▁a ▁re - emph asis ▁on ▁Wes ley an ▁teach ings ▁on ▁san ct ification ▁emer ged ▁during ▁the ▁Second ▁Great ▁Aw ak ening , ▁leading ▁to ▁a ▁distinction ▁between ▁Main line ▁Method ism ▁and ▁Hol iness ▁churches . ▁ ▁Rest oration ▁Mov ement ▁ ▁The ▁idea ▁of ▁rest oring ▁a ▁" prim itive " ▁form ▁of ▁Christian ity ▁grew ▁in ▁popular ity ▁in ▁the ▁U . S . ▁after ▁the ▁American ▁Revolution . ▁This ▁desire ▁to ▁restore ▁a ▁pur er ▁form ▁of ▁Christian ity ▁without ▁an ▁elaborate ▁hierarchy ▁contributed ▁to ▁the ▁development ▁of ▁many ▁groups ▁during ▁the ▁Second ▁Great ▁Aw ak ening , ▁including ▁the ▁L atter ▁Day ▁Sain ts , ▁Bapt ists ▁and ▁Sh akers . ▁ ▁Several ▁factors ▁made ▁the ▁rest oration ▁sentiment ▁particularly ▁appe aling ▁during ▁this ▁time ▁period : ▁▁ ▁To ▁imm igr ants ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 9 th ▁century , ▁the ▁land ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁seemed ▁pr ist