▁did ▁not ▁catch ▁on ▁until ▁journ als ▁devoted ▁to ▁the ▁subject ▁began ▁to ▁appear , ▁beginning ▁with ▁Beit rä ge ▁zur ▁Ge oph ys ik ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 7 . ▁The ▁future ▁Journal ▁of ▁Ge oph ys ical ▁Research ▁was ▁founded ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 6 ▁with ▁the ▁title ▁Terr est rial ▁Mag net ism . ▁In ▁ 1 8 9 8 , ▁a ▁Ge oph ys ical ▁Institute ▁was ▁founded ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Gött ingen , ▁and ▁Emil ▁Wie ch ert ▁became ▁the ▁world ' s ▁first ▁Chair ▁of ▁Ge oph ys ics . ▁An ▁international ▁framework ▁for ▁ge oph ys ics ▁was ▁provided ▁by ▁the ▁found ing ▁of ▁the ▁International ▁Union ▁of ▁Ge odes y ▁and ▁Ge oph ys ics ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 9 . ▁▁ 2 0 th ▁century ▁ ▁The ▁ 2 0 th ▁century ▁was ▁a ▁revolution ary ▁age ▁for ▁ge oph ys ics . ▁As ▁an ▁international ▁scientific ▁effort ▁between ▁ 1 9 5 7 ▁and ▁ 1 9 5 8 , ▁the ▁International ▁Ge oph ys ical ▁Year ▁or ▁I G Y ▁was ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁important ▁for ▁scientific ▁activity ▁of ▁all ▁discipl ines ▁of ▁ge oph ys ics : ▁aur ora ▁and ▁air g low , ▁cos mic ▁ray s , ▁geom agnet ism , ▁gravity , ▁ion os pher ic ▁physics , ▁longitude ▁and ▁latitude ▁determin ations ▁( prec ision ▁mapping ), ▁meteor ology , ▁ocean ography , ▁se ism ology ▁and ▁solar ▁activity . ▁ ▁Earth