▁Em bol izations ▁( dis l od g ement ▁of ▁th rom bi ) ▁normally ▁go ▁to ▁the ▁lung ▁and ▁cause ▁pul mon ary ▁em bol i . ▁ ▁In ▁an ▁individual ▁with ▁AS D , ▁these ▁em bol i ▁can ▁potentially ▁enter ▁the ▁ar ter ial ▁system , ▁which ▁can ▁cause ▁any ▁phenomen on ▁attributed ▁to ▁ac ute ▁loss ▁of ▁blood ▁to ▁a ▁portion ▁of ▁the ▁body , ▁including ▁c ere bro vas cular ▁accident ▁( stroke ), ▁inf ar ction ▁of ▁the ▁s ple en ▁or ▁int est ines , ▁or ▁even ▁a ▁dist al ▁extrem ity ▁( i . e ., ▁finger ▁or ▁toe ). ▁ ▁This ▁is ▁known ▁as ▁a ▁par ado x ical ▁em bol us ▁because ▁the ▁cl ot ▁material ▁par ado x ically ▁enters ▁the ▁ar ter ial ▁system ▁instead ▁of ▁going ▁to ▁the ▁l ungs . ▁ ▁Mig raine ▁ ▁Some ▁recent ▁research ▁has ▁suggested ▁that ▁a ▁proportion ▁of ▁cases ▁of ▁mig raine ▁may ▁be ▁caused ▁by ▁P FO . ▁While ▁the ▁exact ▁mechanism ▁remains ▁unclear , ▁closure ▁of ▁a ▁P FO ▁can ▁reduce ▁sympt oms ▁in ▁certain ▁cases . ▁This ▁remains ▁controvers ial ; ▁▁ 2 0 % ▁of ▁the ▁general ▁population ▁has ▁a ▁P FO , ▁which ▁for ▁the ▁most ▁part , ▁is ▁asympt om atic . ▁ ▁About ▁ 2 0 % ▁of ▁the ▁female ▁population ▁has ▁mig ra ines , ▁and ▁ ▁the ▁place bo ▁effect ▁in ▁mig raine ▁typically ▁aver ages ▁around ▁ 4 0 %. ▁ ▁The ▁high ▁frequency