ipping . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁century ▁CE , ▁brid ges ▁were ▁constructed ▁at ▁Kob len z ▁across ▁the ▁Rh ine ▁and ▁the ▁Mos elle . ▁ ▁In ▁ 8 3 — 8 5 ▁a ▁l imes ▁was ▁constructed ▁between ▁the ▁Rh ine ▁and ▁the ▁Dan ube , ▁to ▁protect ▁a ▁weak ▁section ▁of ▁the ▁border . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁century , ▁the ▁Rom ans ▁vent ured ▁onto ▁the ▁right ▁bank ▁of ▁the ▁Rh ine ▁and ▁constructed ▁a ▁for tr ess ▁at ▁Nieder la hn stein . ▁ ▁Em per ors ▁Const antine ▁and ▁Val entin ian ▁saf egu arded ▁the ▁front ier ▁by ▁construct ing ▁for tr esses ▁in ▁Kob len z ▁are ▁( Con flu entes ) ▁and ▁Bo pp ard ▁( B od ob rica ) ▁with ▁strong ▁walls ▁and ▁round ▁to wers , ▁of ▁which ▁rem n ants ▁remain . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁ 5 th ▁century , ▁the ▁Al am anni ▁and ▁Fran ks ▁forced ▁the ▁Rom ans ▁to ▁withdraw ▁from ▁the ▁area . ▁ ▁They ▁took ▁over ▁the ▁Roman ▁cities ▁and ▁the ▁Fran con ians ▁began ▁found ing ▁new ▁cities ▁of ▁their ▁own . ▁ ▁Un like ▁the ▁old ▁Roman ▁cities , ▁the ▁new ▁Fran con ian ▁cities ▁were ▁independent ▁of ▁the ▁old ▁Roman ▁farm st ead s ; ▁agricult ure ▁and ▁liv est ock ▁far ming ▁took ▁place ▁inside ▁the ▁city . ▁ ▁These ▁cities ▁can ▁be ▁recognized ▁by ▁their ▁names ▁ending ▁in ▁. ▁ ▁At ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁