▁a ▁treat y ▁of ▁surrender ▁was ▁signed . ▁In ▁ 1 4 6 1 , ▁the ▁south west ▁tower ▁col lapsed ▁in ▁a ▁fire ▁when ▁miss iles ▁were ▁fired ▁from ▁it ▁to ▁force ▁the ▁reb elli ous ▁governor ▁of ▁Dam asc us ▁to ▁leave ▁the ▁city . ▁This ▁tower ▁and ▁four ▁others ▁were ▁re built ▁in ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 5 th ▁and ▁early ▁ 1 6 th ▁centuries , ▁indicating ▁that ▁the ▁rep airs ▁of ▁ 1 4 0 7 ▁had ▁been ▁carried ▁out ▁in ▁has te . ▁ ▁Ott oman ▁period ▁ ▁After ▁the ▁M aml uk ▁defeat ▁by ▁the ▁Ott oman ▁army ▁under ▁Sultan ▁Sel im ▁I ▁in ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁Mar j ▁D abi q ▁in ▁ 1 5 1 6 , ▁Dam asc us ▁and ▁the ▁cit adel ▁surrender ed ▁peace fully ▁to ▁the ▁Ott om ans . ▁Dam asc us ▁was ▁given ▁to ▁Jan bird i ▁al - G h az ali , ▁a ▁M aml uk ▁who ▁had ▁submitted ▁to ▁Sel im ▁I . ▁When ▁Sel im ▁I ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 5 2 0 , ▁al - G h az ali ▁revol ted ▁and ▁took ▁the ▁cit adel . ▁He ▁march ed ▁upon ▁Ale ppo ▁to ▁expand ▁his ▁real m , ▁but ▁had ▁to ▁retre at ▁and ▁was ▁eventually ▁defeated ▁and ▁killed ▁in ▁the ▁vic inity ▁of ▁Dam asc us ▁in ▁ 1 5 2 1 . ▁Dam asc us ▁again ▁changed ▁hands , ▁to ▁the ▁Ott om ans . ▁From ▁ 1 6 5