▁ever etti ▁Category : End em ic ▁fa una ▁of ▁Bor neo ▁Category : Am ph ib ians ▁of ▁Br une i ▁Category : Am ph ib ians ▁of ▁Indones ia ▁Category : Am ph ib ians ▁of ▁Malays ia ▁Category : T ax a ▁named ▁by ▁George ▁Albert ▁Bou len ger ▁Category : Am ph ib ians ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 6 ▁Category : T ax onomy ▁articles ▁created ▁by ▁Pol bot <0x0A> </s> ▁D ros oph ila ▁mel an og aster ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁fly ▁( the ▁tax onom ic ▁order ▁D ip tera ) ▁in ▁the ▁family ▁D ros oph il idae . ▁The ▁species ▁is ▁known ▁generally ▁as ▁the ▁common ▁fruit ▁fly ▁or ▁vin eg ar ▁fly . ▁Starting ▁with ▁Charles ▁W . ▁Wood worth ' s ▁proposal ▁of ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁this ▁species ▁as ▁a ▁model ▁organ ism , ▁D . ▁mel an og aster ▁continues ▁to ▁be ▁widely ▁used ▁for ▁bi ological ▁research ▁in ▁gen et ics , ▁phys i ology , ▁micro b ial ▁path ogen esis , ▁and ▁life ▁history ▁evolution . ▁As ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁eight ▁Nobel ▁pri zes ▁had ▁been ▁awarded ▁for ▁research ▁using ▁D ros oph ila . ▁ ▁D . ▁mel an og aster ▁is ▁typically ▁used ▁in ▁research ▁ow ing ▁to ▁its ▁rapid ▁life ▁cycle , ▁relatively ▁simple ▁gen et ics ▁with ▁only ▁four ▁pairs ▁of ▁chrom os om es , ▁and ▁large ▁number ▁of ▁off spring ▁per ▁generation . ▁It ▁was ▁originally