▁in vers ely ▁proportional ▁to ▁the ▁square ▁root ▁of ▁its ▁size . ▁Under ▁certain ▁conditions , ▁this ▁allocation ▁ach ieves ▁equal ▁voting ▁powers ▁for ▁all ▁people ▁represented , ▁independent ▁of ▁the ▁size ▁of ▁their ▁constitu ency . ▁Pro port ional ▁allocation ▁would ▁result ▁in ▁excess ive ▁voting ▁powers ▁for ▁the ▁elect or ates ▁of ▁larger ▁constitu encies . ▁ ▁A ▁pre condition ▁for ▁the ▁appropri aten ess ▁of ▁the ▁method ▁is ▁en ▁b loc ▁voting ▁of ▁the ▁deleg ations ▁in ▁the ▁decision - making ▁body : ▁a ▁deleg ation ▁cannot ▁split ▁its ▁votes ; ▁rather , ▁each ▁deleg ation ▁has ▁just ▁a ▁single ▁vote ▁to ▁which ▁weights ▁are ▁applied ▁proportional ▁to ▁the ▁square ▁root ▁of ▁the ▁population ▁they ▁represent . ▁Another ▁pre condition ▁is ▁that ▁the ▁opinions ▁of ▁the ▁people ▁represented ▁are ▁statist ically ▁independent . ▁The ▁represent ativity ▁of ▁each ▁deleg ation ▁results ▁from ▁statistical ▁fl uct u ations ▁within ▁the ▁country , ▁and ▁then , ▁according ▁to ▁Pen rose , ▁" small ▁elect or ate ▁are ▁likely ▁to ▁obtain ▁more ▁representative ▁govern ments ▁than ▁large ▁elect or ates ." ▁A ▁mathematical ▁form ulation ▁of ▁this ▁idea ▁results ▁in ▁the ▁square ▁root ▁rule . ▁ ▁The ▁Pen rose ▁method ▁is ▁not ▁currently ▁being ▁used ▁for ▁any ▁notable ▁decision - making ▁body , ▁but ▁it ▁has ▁been ▁proposed ▁for ▁app ort ion ing ▁representation ▁in ▁a ▁United ▁Nations ▁Parliament ary ▁Assembly , ▁and ▁for ▁voting ▁in ▁the ▁Council ▁of ▁the ▁European ▁Union . ▁ ▁The ▁EU ▁proposal ▁ ▁The ▁Pen rose ▁method ▁became