. ▁Mar sch ol see ▁is ▁within ▁the ▁pass ▁at ▁an ▁elev ation ▁of ▁. ▁ ▁The ▁route ▁first ▁became ▁important ▁as ▁a ▁m ule ▁track ▁in ▁the ▁fif teenth ▁century ▁when ▁the ▁route ▁between ▁Thus is ▁and ▁S pl ü gen ▁was ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Via ▁M ala . ▁A ▁road ▁for ▁whe e led ▁vehicles ▁was ▁opened ▁in ▁ 1 7 7 0 ; ▁this ▁road ▁was ▁significantly ▁improved ▁between ▁ 1 8 2 1 ▁and ▁ 1 8 2 3 , ▁fin anced ▁in ▁part ▁by ▁the ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁S ardin ia , ▁keen ▁to ▁improve ▁a ▁trade ▁route ▁connecting ▁Gen oa ▁and ▁P ied mont ▁to ▁the ▁Gra ub ünd en ▁that ▁was ▁not ▁directly ▁controlled ▁by ▁Austria . ▁ ▁Tra ffic ▁flow ▁was ▁much ▁facil itated ▁when ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 7 , ▁the ▁San ▁Bernard ino ▁road ▁tunnel ▁was ▁completed , ▁since ▁then ▁vehicle ▁traffic ▁on ▁the ▁pass ▁has ▁been ▁reduced , ▁benef iting ▁those ▁taking ▁the ▁time ▁to ▁avoid ▁the ▁tunnel . ▁The ▁pass ▁road ▁is ▁only ▁open ▁from ▁May ▁to ▁November . ▁ ▁Cl imate ▁The ▁average ▁clim atic ▁conditions ▁for ▁San ▁Bernard ino ▁village ▁at ▁the ▁entry ▁point ▁to ▁the ▁San ▁Bernard ino ▁tunnel ▁at ▁ ▁are ▁given ▁in ▁the ▁following ▁chart . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁highest ▁p aved ▁roads ▁in ▁Europe ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁mountain ▁passes ▁List ▁of ▁the ▁highest ▁Swiss ▁passes ▁ ▁Bibli ography ▁ ▁Nicola ▁Pf und , ▁S ui ▁pass i ▁in ▁b ic icle tta