▁the ▁Internet ▁– ▁so - called ▁Machine - to - Machine ▁( M 2 M ) ▁communic ations ▁– ▁over ▁distances ▁r anging ▁from ▁a ▁few ▁metres ▁to ▁about ▁ 1 0   km . ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁applications ▁▁ ▁Sm art ▁meter ing ▁ ▁Ve h icle ▁tracking ▁ ▁As set ▁tracking ▁ ▁Sm art ▁cars ▁– ▁vehicle ▁di agnostics ▁and ▁up gr ades ▁ ▁Health ▁monitoring ▁ ▁Tra ffic ▁sens ors ▁ ▁Sm art ▁app li ances ▁ ▁R ural ▁broad band ▁ ▁Sm art ▁e Pay ment ▁infrastr ucture ▁ ▁Indust rial ▁machine ▁monitoring ▁ ▁We ight less ▁vs . ▁Wi - Fi ▁( IE EE ▁ 8 0 2 . 1 1 af ) ▁ ▁Other ▁techn ologies ▁which ▁use ▁the ▁white ▁space ▁– ▁the ▁channels ▁not ▁used ▁for ▁terrest rial ▁television ▁broadcast ▁in ▁a ▁particular ▁area ▁– ▁are ▁also ▁being ▁developed . ▁One ▁is ▁Wi - Fi ▁under ▁the ▁developing ▁standard ▁IE EE ▁ 8 0 2 . 1 1 af . ▁ ▁We ight less ▁vs . ▁C ogn itive ▁Radio ▁( IE EE ▁ 8 0 2 . 2 2 ) ▁ ▁The ▁IE EE ▁ 8 0 2 . 2 2 ▁standard ▁defines ▁a ▁MAC ▁and ▁P H Y ▁layer ▁for ▁TV ▁White Sp aces ▁that ▁comp lies ▁with ▁the ▁F CC ▁and ▁international ▁standards ▁for ▁broadcast ing ▁in ▁this ▁spectrum . ▁It ▁also ▁defines ▁general ▁protocol ▁model ▁for ▁negoti ating ▁and ▁selecting ▁shared ▁spectrum ▁band ▁for ▁device ▁operation . ▁A ▁We ight less ▁Radio