ization . ▁ ▁In fection ▁ ▁C ath eters ▁can ▁introduce ▁b acter ia ▁into ▁the ▁blood stream ▁which ▁can ▁lead ▁to ▁local ▁in fection ▁and ▁possibly ▁se ps is . ▁R isk ▁of ▁in fection ▁is ▁mit ig ated ▁during ▁insert ion ▁through ▁use ▁of ▁ster ile ▁technique ▁and ▁proper ▁c ath eter ▁care ▁after ▁insert ion ▁which ▁includes ▁keeping ▁the ▁area ▁of ▁the ▁c ath eter ▁clean , ▁was hing ▁of ▁hands ▁prior ▁to ▁use , ▁and ▁application ▁of ▁clean ▁dress ings . ▁In ▁the ▁event ▁of ▁a ▁central ▁line ▁in fection , ▁the ▁line ▁is ▁removed ▁and ▁appropriate ▁ant im icro b ial ▁agents ▁are ▁given ▁according ▁to ▁the ▁type ▁of ▁inf ect ious ▁organ ism ▁and ▁sever ity ▁of ▁clin ical ▁condition . ▁ ▁Ble eding ▁ ▁Since ▁c ath eters ▁are ▁placed ▁within ▁blood ▁vessels ▁there ▁is ▁always ▁a ▁risk ▁of ▁ble eding ▁during ▁pla cement ▁and ▁while ▁the ▁c ath eter ▁is ▁in ▁place . ▁Ble eding ▁can ▁range ▁from ▁local ized ▁h emat oma ▁( bru ise ) ▁to ▁hem or rh age ▁( prof use ▁ble eding ). ▁ ▁Th rom b osis ▁ ▁The ▁use ▁of ▁central ▁ven ous ▁c ath eters ▁is ▁a ▁risk ▁factor ▁for ▁the ▁formation ▁of ▁blood ▁cl ots ▁in ▁the ▁upper ▁extrem ity . ▁The ▁et i ology ▁is ▁thought ▁to ▁be ▁due ▁to ▁activation ▁of ▁the ▁cl ot ting ▁cas cade ▁by ▁tra uma ▁to ▁the ▁ve in ▁during ▁pla cement ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁presence ▁of ▁a