ir . ▁When ▁Henry ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 1 3 5 ▁her ▁cousin ▁Stephen ▁of ▁Blo is ▁had ▁himself ▁proc laimed ▁king , ▁leading ▁to ▁a ▁civil ▁war ▁known ▁as ▁The ▁An archy . ▁Event ually ▁Stephen ▁recogn ised ▁Mat ilda ' s ▁son ▁Henry ▁as ▁his ▁he ir ▁and ▁when ▁Stephen ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 1 5 4 , ▁he ▁succeeded ▁as ▁Henry ▁II . ▁ ▁Henry , ▁considered ▁the ▁first ▁An ge vin ▁king ▁of ▁England , ▁had ▁extensive ▁hold ings ▁in ▁France ▁and ▁assert ed ▁his ▁authority ▁over ▁Wales , ▁Scotland ▁and ▁Ireland . ▁He ▁cl ashed ▁with ▁his ▁app o inte e ▁to ▁the ▁Arch bishop ric ▁of ▁Can ter bury ▁Thomas ▁Be cket , ▁resulting ▁in ▁Be cket ' s ▁murder ▁and ▁Henry ▁making ▁a ▁dram atic ▁exhibition ▁of ▁pen ance . ▁The ▁later ▁part ▁of ▁his ▁reign ▁was ▁domin ated ▁by ▁re bell ions ▁involving ▁his ▁sons ▁and ▁Philip ▁II ▁of ▁France ▁that ▁forced ▁him ▁to ▁accept ▁his ▁son ▁Richard ▁as ▁sole ▁he ir . ▁Richard ▁acc eded ▁to ▁the ▁An ge vin ▁inheritance ▁on ▁Henry ' s ▁death ▁in ▁ 1 1 8 9 ▁and ▁almost ▁immediately ▁depart ed ▁on ▁a ▁Cr us ade . ▁On ▁his ▁return ▁journey ▁he ▁was ▁taken ▁host age ▁in ▁Germany ▁and ▁a ▁huge ▁r ans om ▁was ▁paid ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁secure ▁his ▁release ▁in ▁ 1 1 9 4 . ▁He ▁spent ▁the ▁remainder ▁of ▁his ▁reign ▁rest oring ▁his ▁lands ▁in ▁France , ▁dying ▁in ▁ 1 1