▁for ▁the ▁sty list ic ▁distinction ▁and ▁concept ual ▁depth ▁of ▁his ▁o e uv re ▁( which ▁was ▁pra ised ▁for ▁its ▁first - rate ▁accord ance ▁to ▁the ▁sch ol astic ▁and ▁bar o que ▁ep ist em ological ▁parameters ▁of ▁his ▁time ). ▁His ▁poly math y , ▁er ud ition ▁and ▁po etic ▁ing enu ity ▁in ▁the ▁composition ▁of ▁ser m ons ▁and ▁literary ▁works ▁gained ▁him ▁the ▁ep ith ets ▁of ▁Sub lime ▁Doctor ▁and ▁Indian ▁Dem ost hen es , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁less ▁frequent ▁ones ▁of ▁C ri ol lo ▁Phoenix ▁and ▁T ert ul li an ▁of ▁the ▁Amer icas ▁( all ▁used ▁to ▁refer ▁to ▁him ▁while ▁alive ). ▁Additionally , ▁after ▁the ▁Per uv ian ▁independence ▁from ▁Spanish ▁Imperial ▁rule ▁took ▁place , ▁Juan ▁de ▁Esp in osa ▁Med rano ' s ▁memory ▁begun ▁to ▁be ▁used ▁as ▁an ▁exempl ary ▁model ▁of ▁the ▁intellectual ▁and ▁moral ▁potential ▁of ▁the ▁pe op les ▁from ▁South ▁America ▁( cri ol lo , ▁mest iz os ▁and ▁ind igen ous ▁populations ▁included ). ▁ ▁The ▁circumstances ▁of ▁Juan ▁de ▁Esp in osa ▁Med rano ' s ▁origin , ▁and ▁the ▁details ▁about ▁his ▁first ▁years ▁of ▁life , ▁are — al most ▁in ▁their ▁entire ty — unknown . ▁The ▁absence ▁of ▁significant ▁bi ographical ▁data ▁put ▁forward ▁in ▁the ▁will ▁written ▁by ▁the ▁own ▁author ▁days ▁before ▁his ▁death ▁has ▁further ▁led ▁to ▁spec ulation ▁about ▁his ▁eth nic ity ▁( or