▁and ▁the ▁re jection ▁of ▁sla ugh ter ▁of ▁cow ▁in ▁H indu ism . ▁There ▁were ▁also ▁some ▁kingdom s ▁and ▁pe op les ▁who ▁supported ▁the ▁British . ▁This ▁event ▁laid ▁the ▁foundation ▁not ▁only ▁for ▁a ▁nation wide ▁expression , ▁but ▁also ▁future ▁national ism ▁and ▁conflict ▁on ▁religious ▁and ▁eth nic ▁terms . ▁ ▁The ▁Muslim ▁desire ▁for ▁independence ▁and ▁a ▁new ▁state ▁for ▁the ▁Indian ▁Muslim s , ▁or ▁Az adi ▁was ▁born ▁with ▁K ernal ▁Sher ▁Khan , ▁who ▁looked ▁to ▁Muslim ▁history ▁and ▁her itage , ▁and ▁condem ned ▁the ▁fact ▁Muslim s ▁were ▁ruled ▁by ▁the ▁British ▁Empire ▁and ▁not ▁by ▁Muslim ▁leaders . ▁The ▁idea ▁of ▁complete ▁independence ▁did ▁not ▁catch ▁on ▁until ▁after ▁World ▁War ▁I , ▁when ▁the ▁British ▁reduced ▁civil ▁libert ies ▁with ▁the ▁Row l att ▁Act s ▁of ▁ 1 9 1 9 . ▁When ▁the ▁J al li an w ala ▁Bag h ▁Mass acre ▁in ▁Am rit s ar , ▁P un j ab ▁( Ind ia ) ▁of ▁hundreds ▁of ▁un ar med ▁civ ili ans ▁by ▁British ▁forces ▁took ▁place ▁in ▁the ▁same ▁year , ▁the ▁Muslim ▁public ▁was ▁out rag ed ▁and ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁Muslim ▁political ▁leaders ▁turned ▁against ▁the ▁British . ▁Pakistan ▁was ▁finally ▁gained ▁independence ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 7 ▁on ▁the ▁basis ▁of ▁Two ▁Nation ▁Theory . ▁Today , ▁Pakistan ▁is ▁divided ▁into ▁ 4 ▁provinces . ▁The ▁last ▁census ▁recorded ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 1 ▁population ▁at