▁the ▁M ug hal ▁Era . ▁Their ▁main ▁sacred ▁text ▁is ▁the ▁G uru ▁Gran th ▁Sah ib . ▁The ▁fundamental ▁belief s ▁include ▁constant ▁spiritual ▁med itation ▁of ▁God ' s ▁name , ▁being ▁gu ided ▁by ▁the ▁G uru ▁instead ▁of ▁yield ing ▁to ▁cap r icious ness , ▁living ▁a ▁house holder ' s ▁life ▁instead ▁of ▁mon astic ism , ▁truth ful ▁action ▁to ▁d har am ▁( r igh te ous ness , ▁moral ▁duty ), ▁equality ▁of ▁all ▁human ▁be ings , ▁and ▁bel ieving ▁in ▁God ' s ▁grace . ▁Key ▁concepts ▁include ▁Sim ran , ▁S ew a , ▁the ▁Three ▁P ill ars ▁of ▁S ikh ism , ▁and ▁the ▁Five ▁Th ieves . ▁ ▁Modern ▁Indian ▁philosophy ▁ ▁In ▁response ▁to ▁colonial ism ▁and ▁their ▁contact ▁with ▁Western ▁philosophy , ▁ 1 9 th ▁century ▁Indians ▁developed ▁new ▁ways ▁of ▁thinking ▁now ▁term ed ▁Ne o - V ed anta ▁and ▁H indu ▁modern ism . ▁Their ▁ideas ▁focused ▁on ▁the ▁univers ality ▁of ▁Indian ▁philosophy ▁( part icular ly ▁V ed anta ) ▁and ▁the ▁unity ▁of ▁different ▁relig ions . ▁It ▁was ▁during ▁this ▁period ▁that ▁H indu ▁modern ists ▁presented ▁a ▁single ▁ideal ized ▁and ▁un ited ▁" H indu ism ." ▁exempl ified ▁by ▁the ▁philosophy ▁of ▁Adv ait a ▁V ed anta . ▁They ▁were ▁also ▁influenced ▁by ▁Western ▁ideas . ▁The ▁first ▁of ▁these ▁movements ▁was ▁that ▁of ▁the ▁Bra h mo ▁Sam aj ▁of ▁Ram ▁Moh