▁col ony . ▁St am ford ▁R aff les ▁sent ▁em iss aries ▁to ▁Pale mb ang ▁to ▁take ▁over ▁the ▁Dutch ▁fort ▁in ▁S ung ai ▁Aur , ▁but ▁they ▁were ▁rejected ▁by ▁Sultan ▁Mah m ud ▁Bad ar ud din ▁II . ▁R aff les ▁also ▁demanded ▁the ▁tin ▁mines ▁in ▁P ang kal ▁Pin ang ▁from ▁Bad ar ud din . ▁ ▁R aff les ▁sent ▁an ▁expedition ▁to ▁Pale mb ang , ▁led ▁by ▁Rol lo ▁G illes pie , ▁on ▁ 2 0 ▁March ▁ 1 8 1 2 . ▁G illes pie ▁replaced ▁Mah m ud ▁Bad ar ud din ▁II ▁with ▁Prince ▁Ad ip ati , ▁giving ▁him ▁the ▁title ▁of ▁Sultan ▁A hm ad ▁Naj am ud din ▁II , ▁and ▁the ▁new ▁s ultan ▁handed ▁over ▁the ▁islands ▁of ▁Bel itung ▁and ▁Bang ka ▁Islands ▁to ▁the ▁British . ▁ ▁In ▁accord ance ▁with ▁the ▁Ang lo - D utch ▁Tre aty ▁of ▁ 1 8 2 4 , ▁the ▁Netherlands ▁reg ained ▁areas ▁occupied ▁in ▁ 1 8 0 3 ▁by ▁the ▁British ▁( including ▁P ang kal ▁Pin ang ). ▁The ▁native ▁people ▁were ▁subject ed ▁to ▁fra ud , ▁ext ort ion , ▁and ▁forced ▁labor ▁by ▁the ▁Dutch ▁and ▁the ▁British . ▁The ▁Dutch ▁explo ited ▁the ▁tin ▁res erves ; ▁gu err illa ▁war fare ▁was ▁fought ▁in ▁Mus i ▁Raw as , ▁and ▁P ang kal ▁Pin ang ▁fought ▁to ▁exp el ▁the ▁Dutch . ▁ ▁During ▁World