▁Bulgar ian ▁and ▁German ▁units . ▁In ▁ 1 9 1 7 ▁the ▁Central ▁Pow ers ▁forces ▁in ▁the ▁area ▁were ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁ 6 2 nd ▁Corps ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 1 th ▁German - B ul gar ian ▁Army , ▁both ▁of ▁which ▁were ▁commanded ▁by ▁German ▁gener als ▁and ▁staff . ▁The ▁first - line ▁units ▁assigned ▁to ▁the ▁sector , ▁along ▁a ▁ 2 3 ▁kilometer ▁front , ▁were ▁the ▁ 3 0 2 nd ▁Division ▁and ▁the ▁ 2 2 nd ▁German - B ul gar ian ▁Brigade . ▁These ▁forces ▁occupied ▁a ▁generally ▁well ▁fort ified ▁line ▁which ▁was ▁especially ▁strong ▁in ▁the ▁points ▁that ▁were ▁considered ▁cru cial ▁for ▁the ▁defense ▁such ▁as ▁Hill ▁ 1 0 5 0 , ▁Hill ▁ 1 0 6 0 , ▁D ab ica ▁etc . ▁In ▁such ▁places ▁the ▁defense ▁consisted ▁of ▁complicated ▁networks ▁of ▁tren ches ▁protected ▁by ▁several ▁lines ▁of ▁bar bed ▁wire ▁that ▁were ▁each ▁usually ▁ 3 – 5 ▁meters ▁thick ▁but ▁in ▁some ▁places ▁reached ▁a ▁thick ness ▁of ▁ 1 0 – 1 5 ▁meters . ▁In ▁addition ▁there ▁were ▁good ▁inf antry ▁sh el ters ▁that ▁were ▁connected ▁to ▁each ▁other ▁by ▁communication ▁tren ches . ▁The ▁troops ▁were ▁well ▁supplied ▁with ▁am mun ition ▁and ▁their ▁mor ale ▁was ▁high . ▁ ▁First - line ▁troops ▁ 3 0 2 nd ▁Infantry ▁Division ▁( H ermann ▁von ▁Zie ges ar ) ▁ 2 / 2 ▁Infantry ▁Brigade ▁– ▁ 9