ested ▁back ▁into ▁the ▁local ▁economy ▁ ▁reduces ▁the ▁environmental ▁impact ▁of ▁comm uting ▁ ▁fost ers ▁community ▁invol vement ▁ ▁pres erves ▁local ▁employ ment ▁opportun ities ▁in ▁construction ▁ ▁O pp on ents ▁of ▁local ▁h iring ▁ordin ances ▁point ▁to ▁economic ▁factors ▁and ▁public ▁policy ▁argument ative : ▁ ▁a ▁restricted ▁pool ▁of ▁labor ▁will ▁result ▁in ▁higher ▁costs ▁ ▁constraints ▁of ▁local ▁h ire ▁will ▁drive ▁prices ▁up , ▁as ▁contract ors ▁will ▁factor ▁in ▁comp liance ▁costs ▁and / or ▁choose ▁to ▁not ▁bid ▁ ▁municipal ▁cost ▁of ▁o vers ight ▁det ract s ▁from ▁public ▁benefit ▁ ▁the ▁extent ▁to ▁which ▁local ▁h iring ▁provides ▁opportun ities ▁for ▁local ▁workers ▁may ▁also ▁restrict ▁opportun ities ▁for ▁other ▁local ▁workers ▁outside ▁of ▁their ▁local ▁catch ment ▁area ▁ ▁The ▁environmental ▁benefit ▁of ▁local ▁h iring ▁comes ▁princip ally ▁because ▁employ ing ▁a ▁greater ▁percentage ▁of ▁local ▁workers ▁leads ▁to ▁shorter ▁comm utes ▁and ▁a ▁greater ▁ability ▁to ▁walk , ▁bi ke , ▁and ▁take ▁public ▁trans it ▁to ▁work . ▁This ▁results ▁in ▁redu ctions ▁in ▁air ▁poll ution , ▁including ▁green house ▁g ases . ▁ ▁Local ▁h iring ▁is ▁an ▁aspect ▁of ▁the ▁re local ization ▁movement . ▁Mand ating ▁that ▁contract ors ▁h ire ▁locally ▁means ▁residents ▁can ▁work ▁closer ▁to ▁home , ▁sp ending ▁less ▁time ▁travel ing ▁to ▁and ▁from ▁their ▁jobs . ▁As ▁Robert ▁D . ▁Put nam ▁notes ▁in ▁Bow ling ▁Al one : ▁The ▁Col lapse ▁and ▁Rev ival ▁of