▁threshold , ▁at ▁which ▁the ▁voting ▁powers ▁of ▁all ▁citizens ▁in ▁any ▁member ▁state ▁are ▁almost ▁equal , ▁has ▁been ▁computed ▁at ▁about ▁ 6 1 . 6 %. ▁After ▁the ▁university ▁of ▁the ▁authors ▁of ▁this ▁paper , ▁this ▁system ▁is ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁the ▁" J agi ell onian ▁Comp rom ise ". ▁Opt imal ▁threshold ▁decre ases ▁with ▁the ▁number ▁▁ ▁of ▁the ▁member ▁states ▁as ▁▁ ▁. ▁ ▁The ▁UN ▁proposal ▁According ▁to ▁IN F USA , ▁" The ▁square - root ▁method ▁is ▁more ▁than ▁a ▁p rag m atic ▁comprom ise ▁between ▁the ▁extreme ▁methods ▁of ▁world ▁representation ▁un related ▁to ▁population ▁size ▁and ▁allocation ▁of ▁national ▁quot as ▁in ▁direct ▁proportion ▁to ▁population ▁size ; ▁Pen rose ▁showed ▁that ▁in ▁terms ▁of ▁statistical ▁theory ▁the ▁square - root ▁method ▁gives ▁to ▁each ▁vot er ▁in ▁the ▁world ▁an ▁equal ▁influence ▁on ▁decision - making ▁in ▁a ▁world ▁assembly ". ▁ ▁Under ▁the ▁Pen rose ▁method , ▁the ▁relative ▁voting ▁weights ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁popul ous ▁countries ▁are ▁lower ▁than ▁their ▁proportion ▁of ▁the ▁world ▁population . ▁In ▁the ▁table ▁below , ▁the ▁countries ' ▁voting ▁weights ▁are ▁computed ▁as ▁the ▁square ▁root ▁of ▁their ▁year - 2 0 0 5 ▁population ▁in ▁millions . ▁This ▁procedure ▁was ▁originally ▁published ▁by ▁Pen rose ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 6 ▁based ▁on ▁pre - World ▁War ▁II ▁population ▁figures . ▁ ▁Crit ic isms ▁It ▁has ▁been ▁claimed ▁that ▁the ▁Pen rose ▁method ▁is ▁restricted ▁to ▁votes ▁for