▁Smith . ▁ ▁These ▁national ▁liber ation ▁movements ▁were ▁informed ▁by ▁the ▁successful ▁gu err illa ▁war fare ▁doctrine ▁used ▁in ▁the ▁Indones ian ▁National ▁Revolution ▁( 1 9 4 5 – 1 9 4 9 ) ▁and ▁the ▁First ▁Ind och ina ▁War ▁( 1 9 4 6 – 1 9 5 4 ). ▁The ▁ins urg ents ' ▁goal ▁was ▁thus ▁not ▁to ▁win ▁the ▁war ▁— ▁and ▁no ▁colonial ▁army ▁was ▁ever ▁defeated ▁— ▁but ▁simply ▁not ▁to ▁lose , ▁thus ▁making ▁the ▁conduct ▁of ▁the ▁war ▁un b ear able ▁for ▁the ▁colonial ▁power ▁over ▁the ▁long ▁term . ▁ ▁The ▁writ ings ▁of ▁Fr ant z ▁F anon ▁on ▁the ▁Al ger ian ▁conflict ▁became ▁h ug ely ▁influ ential ▁on ▁later ▁African ▁conflicts . ▁These ▁conflicts ▁benef ited ▁from ▁internal ▁ide ological ▁and ▁organiz ational ▁coh es ion , ▁sympath etic ▁diplom atic ▁backing ▁in ▁global ▁for ums , ▁some ▁financial ▁backing ▁( in ▁particular ▁from ▁the ▁Nord ic ▁states ) ▁and ▁military ▁training ▁and ▁supplies ▁from ▁the ▁Soviet ▁b loc . ▁ ▁Two ▁national ▁liber ation ▁movements ▁that ▁became ▁violent ▁and ▁were ▁un success ful ▁in ▁that ▁they ▁did ▁not ▁lead ▁to ▁de ▁fact o ▁capit ulation ▁and ▁independence ▁were ▁the ▁Mau ▁Mau ▁U pr ising ▁( 1 9 5 2 – 1 9 6 0 ). ▁Col onial ▁security ▁forces ▁were ▁rein for ced ▁by ▁regular ▁troops ▁from ▁the ▁metropol itan ▁power ▁and ▁the ▁ins urg ent ▁groups ▁were ▁ham per ed ▁by ▁a ▁lack