▁and ▁Pers ian ▁voc ab ul ary ▁and ▁even ▁grammar . ▁However , ▁it ▁was ▁poor ly ▁su ited ▁for ▁the ▁core ▁Turkish ▁grammar ▁and ▁voc ab ul ary , ▁which ▁was ▁rich ▁in ▁v ow els ▁and ▁poor ly ▁represented ▁by ▁Arab ic ▁script , ▁an ▁ab j ad ▁which ▁by ▁definition ▁only ▁trans cribed ▁con son ants . ▁It ▁was ▁thus ▁in ade qu ate ▁at ▁representing ▁Turkish ▁ph on emes . ▁Some ▁could ▁be ▁expressed ▁using ▁four ▁different ▁Arab ic ▁signs ; ▁others ▁could ▁not ▁be ▁expressed ▁at ▁all . ▁The ▁introduction ▁of ▁the ▁te legraph ▁and ▁printing ▁press ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁century ▁exposed ▁further ▁weak ness es ▁in ▁the ▁Arab ic ▁script . ▁ ▁Use ▁of ▁the ▁Latin ▁script ▁had ▁been ▁proposed ▁before . ▁In ▁ 1 8 6 2 , ▁during ▁T anz imat , ▁the ▁states man ▁Mün uf ▁P asha ▁advoc ated ▁a ▁reform ▁of ▁the ▁alphabet . ▁At ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 th ▁century , ▁similar ▁propos als ▁were ▁made ▁by ▁several ▁writers ▁associated ▁with ▁the ▁Young ▁Tur ks ▁movement , ▁including ▁H ü sey in ▁C ah it , ▁Abd ul lah ▁C ev det , ▁and ▁Cel â l ▁N uri . ▁The ▁issue ▁was ▁raised ▁again ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 3 ▁during ▁the ▁first ▁Econom ic ▁Congress ▁of ▁the ▁newly ▁founded ▁Turkish ▁Republic , ▁spark ing ▁a ▁public ▁debate ▁that ▁was ▁to ▁continue ▁for ▁several ▁years . ▁Some ▁suggested ▁that ▁a ▁better ▁alternative ▁might ▁be