▁failed ▁German ▁revolution ▁of ▁ 1 8 4 8 ▁reb els ▁captured ▁Ludwig sh afen , ▁but ▁they ▁were ▁bomb arded ▁from ▁Mann heim ▁( rum ours ▁said ▁the ▁Mann heim ers ▁didn ' t ▁aim ▁at ▁the ▁revolution aries , ▁but ▁on ▁the ▁rival ▁har bour ' s ▁infrastr ucture ), ▁and ▁Pr uss ian ▁troops ▁quickly ▁exp elled ▁the ▁revolution aries . ▁On ▁December ▁ 2 7 , ▁ 1 8 5 2 , ▁King ▁Maxim ilian ▁II ▁granted ▁Ludwig sh afen ▁am ▁Rhein ▁political ▁freedom ▁and ▁as ▁on ▁November ▁ 8 , ▁ 1 8 5 9 , ▁the ▁settlement ▁gained ▁city ▁status . ▁ ▁Indust ry ▁and ▁growth ▁of ▁population ▁ ▁At ▁its ▁found ing ▁Ludwig sh afen ▁was ▁still ▁a ▁very ▁mod est ▁settlement ▁with ▁just ▁ 1 , 5 0 0 ▁inhabitants . ▁Real ▁growth ▁began ▁with ▁industrial ization , ▁and ▁gained ▁enorm ous ▁momentum ▁in ▁Ludwig sh afen ▁due ▁to ▁its ▁ideal ▁transport ▁facilities . ▁In ▁addition ▁to ▁its ▁excellent ▁position ▁and ▁har bor ▁facilities ▁on ▁the ▁Rh ine , ▁a ▁railway ▁connecting ▁Ludwig sh afen ▁with ▁the ▁S aar ▁coal fields ▁was ▁completed ▁in ▁ 1 8 4 9 . ▁ ▁The ▁year ▁ 1 8 6 5 ▁was ▁an ▁important ▁date ▁in ▁the ▁history ▁of ▁independent ▁Ludwig sh afen . ▁After ▁several ▁discuss ions , ▁B AS F ▁decided ▁to ▁move ▁its ▁fact ories ▁from ▁Mann heim ▁to ▁the ▁Hem sh of ▁district , ▁which ▁belonged ▁to ▁Ludwig sh afen . ▁From ▁then ▁on