▁of ▁America ▁ ▁https :// web . archive . org / web / 2 0 1 8 0 9 2 6 1 0 1 3 2 1 / http :// 4 4 2 . com / ▁ ▁http :// www . olds club . org / ▁ ▁Qu atro ▁Rod as ▁in ▁portug uese ▁ ▁Hur st ▁Old s ▁Category : Mus cle ▁cars <0x0A> </s> ▁Proof ▁by ▁assertion , ▁sometimes ▁inform ally ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁proof ▁by ▁repeated ▁assertion , ▁is ▁an ▁inform al ▁f alla cy ▁in ▁which ▁a ▁proposition ▁is ▁repeatedly ▁rest ated ▁regardless ▁of ▁contradiction . ▁▁ ▁Sometimes , ▁this ▁may ▁be ▁repeated ▁until ▁challeng es ▁dry ▁up , ▁at ▁which ▁point ▁it ▁is ▁assert ed ▁as ▁fact ▁due ▁to ▁its ▁not ▁being ▁contrad icted ▁( argument um ▁ad ▁n ause am ). ▁▁ ▁In ▁other ▁cases , ▁its ▁repet ition ▁may ▁be ▁c ited ▁as ▁evidence ▁of ▁its ▁truth , ▁in ▁a ▁variant ▁of ▁the ▁appeal ▁to ▁authority ▁or ▁appeal ▁to ▁belief ▁f alla cies . ▁ ▁This ▁f alla cy ▁is ▁sometimes ▁used ▁as ▁a ▁form ▁of ▁r het or ic ▁by ▁polit icians , ▁or ▁during ▁a ▁debate ▁as ▁a ▁fil ib uster . ▁In ▁its ▁extreme ▁form , ▁it ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁a ▁form ▁of ▁brain w ash ing . ▁Modern ▁politics ▁contains ▁many ▁examples ▁of ▁proofs ▁by ▁assertion . ▁This ▁practice ▁can ▁be ▁observed ▁in ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁political ▁s log ans , ▁and ▁the ▁distribution ▁of ▁" t alk ing ▁points ", ▁which