▁ ▁Un like ▁previous ▁Mexican ▁leaders , ▁he ▁was ▁a ▁market - orient ed ▁president . ▁In fl ation ▁increased ▁on ▁an ▁average ▁of ▁ 1 0 0 % ▁a ▁year ▁and ▁reached ▁to ▁an ▁un pre ced ented ▁level ▁of ▁ 1 5 9 % ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 7 . ▁The ▁under emp loyment ▁rate ▁so ared ▁to ▁ 2 5 % ▁during ▁the ▁mid - 1 9 8 0 s , ▁income ▁decl ined , ▁and ▁economic ▁growth ▁was ▁err atic ▁since ▁prices ▁rose ▁usually ▁much ▁faster ▁than ▁in comes . ▁ ▁All ▁that ▁was ▁a ▁stark ▁rem inder ▁of ▁the ▁gross ▁mis management ▁and ▁in e pt ▁policies ▁of ▁his ▁two ▁immediate ▁prede cess ors , ▁particularly ▁the ▁finan cing ▁of ▁development ▁with ▁excess ive ▁over se as ▁borrow ing , ▁which ▁was ▁often ▁counter ed ▁by ▁high ▁internal ▁capital ▁fl ights . ▁As ▁an ▁immediate ▁reaction ▁to ▁the ▁economic ▁crisis , ▁he ▁first ▁presented ▁the ▁Im mediate ▁Econom ic ▁Re organ ization ▁Program ▁( Program a ▁In medi ato ▁de ▁Re ord ena ción ▁E con óm ica ) ▁and , ▁a ▁couple ▁of ▁months ▁later , ▁the ▁National ▁Development ▁Plan ▁( Plan ▁Nacional ▁de ▁Des ar rollo ). ▁Some ▁of ▁the ▁measures ▁proposed ▁were ▁a ▁reduction ▁of ▁public ▁sp ending , ▁fis cal ▁re forms , ▁a ▁rest ruct uring ▁of ▁the ▁b ureau c racy , ▁and ▁employ ment ▁protection . ▁ ▁During ▁his ▁presiden cy , ▁De ▁la ▁Madrid ▁introduced ▁ne oli ber al