▁Michael ▁Far ad ay ▁began ▁to ▁study ▁the ▁dam aging ▁effects ▁of ▁the ▁environment ▁to ▁works ▁of ▁art . ▁Louis ▁P aste ur ▁carried ▁out ▁scientific ▁analysis ▁on ▁paint ▁as ▁well . ▁However , ▁perhaps ▁the ▁first ▁organized ▁attempt ▁to ▁apply ▁a ▁theoretical ▁framework ▁to ▁the ▁conservation ▁of ▁cultural ▁her itage ▁came ▁with ▁the ▁found ing ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁the ▁Society ▁for ▁the ▁Prote ction ▁of ▁An cient ▁Build ings ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 7 . ▁The ▁society ▁was ▁founded ▁by ▁William ▁Morris ▁and ▁Philip ▁Web b , ▁both ▁of ▁whom ▁were ▁deeply ▁influenced ▁by ▁the ▁writ ings ▁of ▁John ▁Rus kin . ▁During ▁the ▁same ▁period , ▁a ▁French ▁movement ▁with ▁similar ▁a ims ▁was ▁being ▁developed ▁under ▁the ▁direction ▁of ▁Eug ène ▁Vi ol let - le - D uc , ▁an ▁architect ▁and ▁the or ist , ▁famous ▁for ▁his ▁rest or ations ▁of ▁medieval ▁buildings . ▁ ▁Conserv ation ▁of ▁cultural ▁her itage ▁as ▁a ▁distinct ▁field ▁of ▁study ▁initially ▁developed ▁in ▁Germany , ▁where ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 8 ▁Friedrich ▁R ath gen ▁became ▁the ▁first ▁chem ist ▁to ▁be ▁employed ▁by ▁a ▁Museum , ▁the ▁Kon ig lichen ▁Muse en , ▁Berlin ▁( Ro yal ▁Museum s ▁of ▁Berlin ). ▁He ▁not ▁only ▁developed ▁a ▁scientific ▁approach ▁to ▁the ▁care ▁of ▁objects ▁in ▁the ▁collections , ▁but ▁dis sem in ated ▁this ▁approach ▁by ▁publishing ▁a ▁Hand book ▁of ▁Conserv ation ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 8 . ▁The ▁early ▁development ▁of ▁conservation