▁active - matrix ▁addressed ▁L CD s ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁IP S ▁technology . ▁This ▁is ▁a ▁mil estone ▁for ▁implementing ▁large - screen ▁L CD s ▁having ▁acceptable ▁visual ▁performance ▁for ▁flat - panel ▁computer ▁mon itors ▁and ▁television ▁screens . ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 6 , ▁S amsung ▁developed ▁the ▁optical ▁pattern ing ▁technique ▁that ▁enables ▁multi - domain ▁L CD . ▁Multi - domain ▁and ▁in - plane ▁switching ▁subsequently ▁remain ▁the ▁dominant ▁L CD ▁designs ▁through ▁ 2 0 0 6 . ▁ ▁Later , ▁L G ▁Display ▁and ▁other ▁South ▁Korean , ▁Japanese , ▁and ▁Taiwan ese ▁L CD ▁manufact ur ers ▁adapted ▁IP S ▁technology . ▁ ▁IP S ▁technology ▁is ▁widely ▁used ▁in ▁pan els ▁for ▁TV s , ▁table t ▁computers , ▁and ▁smart ph ones . ▁In ▁particular , ▁all ▁Apple ▁Inc . ▁products ▁market ed ▁with ▁the ▁label ▁Ret ina ▁Display ▁( such ▁as ▁iPhone ▁ 4 ▁on wards , ▁i Pad ▁ 3 ▁on wards , ▁i Pad ▁M ini ▁ 2 ▁on wards , ▁Mac Book ▁Pro ▁with ▁Ret ina ▁display ) ▁feature ▁IP S ▁L CD s ▁with ▁LED ▁back light ing . ▁ ▁< div ▁style =" float : left ;"> ▁ ▁Technology ▁ ▁Im plementation ▁In ▁this ▁case , ▁both ▁linear ▁polar izing ▁filters ▁P ▁and ▁A ▁have ▁their ▁axes ▁of ▁transmission ▁in ▁the ▁same ▁direction . ▁To ▁obtain ▁the ▁ 9 0 ▁degree ▁tw isted ▁nem atic ▁structure ▁of ▁the ▁L C ▁layer ▁between ▁the ▁two