sex ▁persons . ▁It ▁is ▁pract ised ▁in ▁several ▁parts ▁of ▁the ▁world , ▁but ▁the ▁practice ▁is ▁concentr ated ▁more ▁heavily ▁in ▁Africa , ▁parts ▁of ▁the ▁Middle ▁East , ▁and ▁some ▁other ▁parts ▁of ▁Asia . ▁Over ▁ 1 2 5 ▁million ▁women ▁and ▁girls ▁have ▁experienced ▁F GM ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 9 ▁countries ▁in ▁which ▁it ▁is ▁concentr ated . ▁ ▁Over ▁eight ▁million ▁have ▁been ▁inf ib ulated , ▁a ▁practice ▁found ▁largely ▁in ▁Dj ib out i , ▁E rit rea , ▁Som alia ▁and ▁Sud an . ▁Inf ib ulation , ▁the ▁most ▁extreme ▁form ▁of ▁F GM ▁( known ▁as ▁Type ▁III ), ▁consists ▁of ▁the ▁removal ▁of ▁the ▁inner ▁and ▁outer ▁lab ia ▁and ▁closure ▁of ▁the ▁vul va , ▁while ▁a ▁small ▁hole ▁is ▁left ▁for ▁the ▁passage ▁of ▁ur ine ▁and ▁men stru al ▁blood ; ▁afterwards ▁the ▁v ag ina ▁will ▁be ▁opened ▁after ▁the ▁wed ding ▁for ▁sexual ▁inter course ▁and ▁child b irth ▁( see ▁epis iot omy ). ▁In ▁the ▁past ▁several ▁dec ades , ▁efforts ▁have ▁been ▁made ▁by ▁global ▁health ▁organizations , ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁W HO , ▁to ▁end ▁the ▁practice . ▁F GM ▁is ▁condem ned ▁by ▁international ▁human ▁rights ▁instruments . ▁The ▁Ist an bul ▁Convention ▁prohib its ▁F GM ▁( Art icle ▁ 3 8 ). ▁ ▁F GM ▁is ▁also ▁considered ▁a ▁form ▁a ▁violence ▁against ▁women ▁by ▁the ▁Dec laration ▁on ▁the ▁El im ination ▁of ▁Vi ol ence ▁Again