. ▁Their ▁most ▁famous ▁constru ctions ▁include ▁the ▁D ome ▁of ▁the ▁Rock ▁at ▁Jerusalem ▁and ▁the ▁Um ay y ad ▁Mos que ▁at ▁Dam asc us , ▁and ▁other ▁constru ctions ▁include ▁H ish am ' s ▁Palace , ▁Q us ay r ' ▁Am ra , ▁the ▁Great ▁Mos que ▁of ▁K air ou an ▁and ▁the ▁Great ▁Mos que ▁of ▁Ale ppo . ▁Some ▁of ▁these ▁buildings , ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁Um ay y ad ▁Mos que ▁of ▁Dam asc us , ▁reflect ▁the ▁divers ity ▁of ▁the ▁emp ire , ▁as ▁thousands ▁of ▁Greek , ▁Pers ian , ▁Co ptic , ▁Indian ▁and ▁Pers ian ▁craft s men ▁were ▁cons cript ed ▁to ▁construct ▁them . ▁The ▁later ▁Em ir ate ▁of ▁Cord oba ▁( an ▁off sh oot ▁of ▁the ▁Um ay y ad ▁dynast y ▁in ▁ex ile ) ▁established ▁many ▁ende aring ▁architect ural ▁projects ▁in ▁Spain ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁Mos que - C athedral ▁of ▁Cord oba ▁and ▁Med ina ▁Az ah ara , ▁which ▁influenced ▁the ▁architect ural ▁styles ▁of ▁Al - And alus . ▁ ▁The ological ▁opinions ▁concerning ▁the ▁Um ay y ads ▁ ▁Sun ni ▁opinions ▁Many ▁Muslim s ▁critic ized ▁the ▁Um ay y ads ▁for ▁having ▁too ▁many ▁non - Mus lim , ▁former ▁Roman ▁administr ators ▁in ▁their ▁government , ▁e . g ., ▁St . ▁John ▁of ▁Dam asc us . ▁As ▁the ▁Muslim s ▁took ▁over ▁cities , ▁they ▁left ▁the ▁people ' s ▁political ▁represent