". ▁( St alin ▁was ▁later ▁People ' s ▁Comm iss ar ▁of ▁National ities ▁from ▁ 1 9 1 7 ▁- ▁ 1 9 2 3 .) ▁Len in ' s ▁and ▁St alin ' s ▁crit iques ▁of ▁the ▁national ▁personal ▁aut onomy ▁concept ▁were ▁later ▁joined ▁by ▁the ▁Catal an ▁And reu ▁Nin ▁in ▁his ▁article ▁The ▁Aust rian ▁School , ▁National ▁E man cip ation ▁Mov ements ▁( 1 9 3 5 ). ▁ ▁Im plementation ▁It ▁was ▁adopted ▁as ▁an ▁official ▁policy ▁in ▁the ▁short - l ived ▁Ukrain ian ▁People ' s ▁Republic ▁( 1 9 1 7 – 1 9 2 0 ) ▁and ▁in ▁the ▁inter war ▁Est onian ▁Republic ▁( 1 9 2 5 ▁ ▁Law ▁on ▁Personal ▁Aut onomy ), ▁and ▁it ▁was ▁included ▁in ▁the ▁Dec laration ▁Conc ern ing ▁the ▁Prote ction ▁of ▁Minor ities ▁in ▁Lith u ania ▁by ▁the ▁League ▁of ▁Nations ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 5 . ▁ ▁The ▁autonom ous ▁representative ▁structure ▁of ▁the ▁Palest in ian ▁Jews ▁between ▁ 1 9 2 0 ▁and ▁ 1 9 4 9 , ▁the ▁A sef at ▁ha - N iv har im , ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁considered ▁as ▁an ▁implementation ▁of ▁the ▁national ▁personal ▁aut onomy ▁principle . ▁ ▁Since ▁the ▁fall ▁of ▁the ▁Soviet ▁Union ▁and ▁its ▁sat ell ites ▁reg imes , ▁the ▁national ▁personal ▁aut onomy ▁is ▁the ▁principle ▁on ▁which ▁legisl ation ▁applying ▁to ▁eth nic ▁minor ities ▁has ▁been ▁en act ed