▁in ▁their ▁soci eties ▁women ▁were ▁able ▁to ▁manage ▁financial ▁affairs , ▁travel ▁un ac comp an ied ▁to ▁social ▁gather ings ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁theatre , ▁run ▁stores , ▁form ▁soci eties ▁( best ▁known ▁of ▁which ▁is ▁the ▁Lad ies ▁Natural ▁Science ▁Association ▁in ▁M idd el burg ▁founded ▁in ▁ 1 7 8 5 ), ▁and ▁carry ▁out ▁heavy ▁manual ▁labour ▁( w omen ▁of ▁the ▁lower ▁classes ). ▁Such ▁invol vement ▁in ▁society , ▁however , ▁was ▁sometimes ▁met ▁with ▁resistance , ▁even ▁though ▁by ▁particip ating ▁in ▁the ▁social ▁sphere ▁women ▁were ▁not ▁breaking ▁any ▁laws . ▁ ▁The ▁Dutch ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁century ▁The ▁year ▁ 1 7 9 5 ▁marked ▁the ▁down fall ▁of ▁the ▁Dutch ▁Republic ▁and ▁gave ▁birth ▁to ▁the ▁Bat av ian ▁Republic . ▁At ▁the ▁beginning ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁century , ▁the ▁first ▁cod ification ▁of ▁Dutch ▁national ▁citizens hip ▁appeared ▁in ▁the ▁Napole onic ▁Code ▁for ▁the ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁Holland ▁effective ▁from ▁ 1 8 0 1 – 1 8 1 1 , ▁origin ating ▁from ▁the ▁French ▁code ▁of ▁civil ▁rights , ▁the ▁Code ▁Civil . ▁In ▁ 1 8 1 3 , ▁after ▁the ▁pro clam ation ▁of ▁the ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁the ▁Netherlands , ▁the ▁Code ▁Civil ▁continued ▁to ▁remain ▁in ▁effect ▁even ▁though ▁a ▁new ▁Dutch ▁constitution ▁was ▁drawn ▁in ▁ 1 8 1 5 . ▁The ▁new ▁constitution ▁de ▁fact o ▁became ▁the ▁first ▁Dutch ▁cod ification ▁of ▁Dutch ▁citizens hip