▁and ▁titles . ▁In ▁theory , ▁a ▁block chain ▁approach ▁allows ▁multiple ▁cloud ▁computing ▁users ▁to ▁enter ▁a ▁lo os ely ▁couple d ▁peer - to - pe er ▁smart ▁contract ▁collaboration . ▁ ▁Daniel ▁Lar imer ▁first ▁proposed ▁the ▁concept ▁of ▁a ▁" Dec ent ral ized ▁Organ ized ▁Company " ▁in ▁an ▁article ▁published ▁on ▁September ▁ 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁and ▁implemented ▁in ▁Bit sh ares ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁E co in OS ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 8 . ▁ ▁V ital ik ▁But er in ▁proposed ▁that ▁after ▁a ▁DA O ▁was ▁launched , ▁it ▁might ▁be ▁organized ▁to ▁run ▁without ▁human ▁manager ial ▁inter activity , ▁provided ▁the ▁smart ▁contract s ▁were ▁supported ▁by ▁a ▁T uring ▁complete ▁platform . ▁E there um , ▁built ▁on ▁a ▁block chain ▁and ▁launched ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁has ▁been ▁described ▁as ▁meeting ▁that ▁T uring ▁threshold , ▁thus ▁en abling ▁such ▁DA Os . ▁Dec ent ral ized ▁autonom ous ▁organizations ▁aim ▁to ▁be ▁open ▁platforms ▁where ▁individuals ▁control ▁their ▁ident ities ▁and ▁their ▁personal ▁data . ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁DA Os ▁ ▁Iss ues ▁ ▁Social ▁Share holder ▁participation ▁in ▁DA Os ▁can ▁be ▁problem atic . ▁For ▁example , ▁Bit Sh ares ▁has ▁seen ▁a ▁lack ▁of ▁voting ▁participation , ▁because ▁it ▁takes ▁time ▁and ▁energy ▁to ▁consider ▁propos als . ▁ ▁Leg al ▁li ability ▁ ▁The ▁precise ▁legal ▁status ▁of ▁this ▁type ▁of ▁business ▁organization