▁un const itution al ▁because ▁of ▁" in tr usion ▁by ▁the ▁State ▁into ▁the ▁field ▁of ▁foreign ▁affairs ▁which ▁the ▁Constitution ▁entr ust s ▁to ▁the ▁President ▁and ▁the ▁Congress ." Z sch ern ig , ▁ 3 8 9 ▁U . S . ▁at ▁ 4 3 2 . ▁The ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁applied ▁Z sch ern ig ▁in ▁American ▁In sur ance ▁Association ▁v . ▁Gar am endi , ▁a ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁case , ▁although ▁they ▁re lied ▁more ▁on ▁Justice ▁Har lan ' s ▁conc urr ing ▁opinion ▁in ▁Z sch ern ig ▁than ▁on ▁the ▁majority ' s ▁reasoning . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁American ▁In sur ance ▁Association ▁v . ▁Gar am endi ▁( 2 0 0 3 ): ▁case ▁over ▁California ▁law ▁with ▁foreign ▁policy ▁imp lications ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : Un ited ▁States ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁cases ▁Category : Un ited ▁States ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁cases ▁of ▁the ▁Warren ▁Court ▁Category : Un ited ▁States ▁Constitution ▁Article ▁Two ▁case ▁law ▁Category : Un ited ▁States ▁federal ism ▁case ▁law ▁Category : 1 9 6 8 ▁in ▁United ▁States ▁case ▁law ▁Category : Leg al ▁history ▁of ▁Oregon ▁Category : G erm any – Un ited ▁States ▁relations ▁Category : E ast ▁Germany – Un ited ▁States ▁relations ▁Category : In herit ance ▁tax <0x0A> </s> ▁Joseph ▁Ed gar ▁M addy ▁( Oct ober ▁ 1 4 , ▁ 1 8 9 2 ▁- ▁April ▁ 1 8 , ▁ 1 9