▁covered ▁with ▁l ime w ash ▁( Dan ish : ▁k alk ) ▁only ▁to ▁be ▁revealed ▁and ▁restored ▁during ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁and ▁ 2 0 th ▁centuries . ▁In ▁most ▁of ▁Europe ▁medieval ▁fres cos , ▁extremely ▁common ▁in ▁the ▁Middle ▁A ges , ▁were ▁more ▁likely ▁to ▁be ▁removed ▁completely ▁during ▁the ▁Re formation ▁or ▁in ▁subsequent ▁re build ings , ▁or ▁merely ▁as ▁they ▁aged . ▁The ▁oldest ▁fres cos , ▁d ating ▁back ▁to ▁the ▁ 1 2 th ▁century , ▁were ▁painted ▁in ▁the ▁Roman es que ▁style ▁by ▁artists ▁from ▁elsewhere ▁in ▁Europe ▁but ▁those ▁from ▁the ▁ 1 4 th ▁century ▁and ▁there after ▁are ▁in ▁the ▁Goth ic ▁style ▁which ▁was ▁used ▁by ▁native ▁Dan ish ▁pain ters . ▁It ▁is ▁these ▁that ▁are ▁considered ▁to ▁be ▁the ▁most ▁important ▁for ▁Dan ish ▁art ▁and ▁culture . ▁A ▁distinction ▁is ▁to ▁be ▁made ▁between ▁these ▁church ▁wall ▁paint ings ▁or ▁k alk mal er ier ▁and ▁the ▁generic ▁term ▁" f res co " ▁( Dan ish : ▁fres ko ) ▁which ▁refers ▁to ▁all ▁types ▁of ▁painting ▁on ▁pl aster ed ▁walls ▁or ▁ce il ings . ▁ ▁Historical ▁background ▁ ▁The ▁mur als ▁in ▁Dan ish ▁churches ▁can ▁be ▁divided ▁very ▁roughly ▁into ▁two ▁main ▁periods : ▁Roman es que , ▁beginning ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 2 th ▁century , ▁and ▁Goth ic , ▁from ▁the ▁middle ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 3 th ▁century . ▁As ▁in