1 8 5 0 s ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁artists ▁found ▁gain ful ▁employ ment ▁as ▁draft s men ▁attached ▁to ▁exped itions ▁sent ▁to ▁map ▁the ▁Pacific ▁coast line ▁and ▁the ▁border ▁between ▁California ▁and ▁Mexico ▁( as ▁well ▁as ▁plot ▁practical ▁rail road ▁routes ); ▁many ▁of ▁the ▁draw ings ▁were ▁reprodu ced ▁as ▁l ith ograph s ▁in ▁the ▁expedition ▁reports . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 7 5 ▁American ▁illustr ator ▁Henry ▁Chap man ▁Ford ▁began ▁visit ing ▁each ▁of ▁the ▁twenty - one ▁mission ▁sites , ▁where ▁he ▁created ▁a ▁histor ically ▁important ▁port folio ▁of ▁water colors , ▁o ils , ▁and ▁et ch ings . ▁His ▁dep ict ions ▁of ▁the ▁miss ions ▁were ▁( in ▁part ) ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁rev ival ▁of ▁interest ▁in ▁the ▁state ' s ▁Spanish ▁her itage , ▁and ▁indirect ly ▁for ▁the ▁rest oration ▁of ▁the ▁miss ions . ▁The ▁ 1 8 8 0 s ▁saw ▁the ▁appearance ▁of ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁articles ▁on ▁the ▁miss ions ▁in ▁national ▁publications ▁and ▁the ▁first ▁books ▁on ▁the ▁subject ; ▁as ▁a ▁result , ▁a ▁large ▁number ▁of ▁artists ▁did ▁one ▁or ▁more ▁mission ▁paint ings , ▁though ▁few ▁attempted ▁a ▁series . ▁ ▁The ▁popular ity ▁of ▁the ▁miss ions ▁also ▁stem med ▁largely ▁from ▁Helen ▁H unt ▁Jackson ' s ▁ 1 8 8 4 ▁novel ▁Ram ona ▁and ▁the ▁subsequent ▁efforts ▁of ▁Charles ▁F let cher ▁L umm is , ▁William ▁Rand olph ▁H ear st , ▁and