utions : ▁The ▁g um ▁should ▁not ▁be ▁used ▁for ▁longer ▁than ▁ 1 2 ▁weeks . ▁ ▁Nic ot ine ▁g um ▁should ▁not ▁be ▁used ▁less ▁than ▁ 1 5 ▁minutes ▁after ▁e ating ▁or ▁drink ing , ▁as ▁doing ▁so ▁will ▁reduce ▁absor ption . ▁Do ▁not ▁smoke ▁while ▁using ▁nic ot ine ▁g um ▁to ▁avoid ▁nic ot ine ▁over d ose . ▁ ▁Side ▁effects ▁ ▁Nic ot ine ▁is ▁a ▁v aso con str ict or ; ▁it ▁con str ict s ▁ar ter ies , ▁which ▁increases ▁the ▁resistance ▁against ▁which ▁the ▁heart ▁has ▁to ▁p ump ▁blood , ▁effectively ▁making ▁it ▁harder ▁for ▁the ▁heart ▁to ▁p ump ▁blood ▁through ▁the ▁body . ▁The ▁result ▁is ▁en hanced ▁she ar ▁stress ▁on ▁vessel ▁walls , ▁and ▁repeated ▁nic ot ine ▁expos ure ▁cont ributes ▁to ▁acceler ated ▁health ▁problems ▁that ▁are ▁a ▁function ▁of ▁chron ic ▁v asc ular ▁injury ▁such ▁as ▁coron ary ▁ar tery ▁disease , ▁ac ute ▁card iac ▁is chem ic ▁events , ▁and ▁hy pert ension ▁Studies ▁have ▁shown ▁that ▁nic ot ine ▁expos ure ▁cont ributes ▁to ▁stroke , ▁pe ptic ▁ul cer ▁disease , ▁and ▁es oph age al ▁re fl ux . ▁Nic ot ine ▁may ▁also ▁cause ▁w ounds ▁to ▁he al ▁more ▁slowly ▁and ▁may ▁be ▁associated ▁with ▁re product ive ▁to x icity . ▁ ▁Nic ot ine ▁g um ▁requires ▁frequent ▁periods ▁of ▁che wing ▁throughout ▁the ▁day ▁which ▁can ▁lead ▁to ▁j