PI ) ▁is ▁a ▁Norwegian ▁research ▁institution ▁based ▁in ▁Os lo . ▁It ▁was ▁established ▁by ▁the ▁Norwegian ▁Parliament ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 9 . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁The ▁Norwegian ▁Institute ▁of ▁International ▁Affairs ▁( NU PI ) ▁was ▁established ▁by ▁the ▁Norwegian ▁Parliament ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 9 ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁promote ▁a ▁better ▁understanding ▁of ▁international ▁issues ▁in ▁Norway . ▁N U PI ▁has ▁sought ▁to ▁achieve ▁this ▁by ▁undert aking ▁a ▁wide ▁range ▁of ▁research ▁activities ▁and ▁by ▁dis sem in ating ▁information ▁on ▁international ▁issues . ▁Among ▁the ▁several ▁Norwegian ▁instit utes ▁doing ▁research ▁in ▁the ▁area ▁of ▁international ▁affairs , ▁N U PI ▁has ▁a ▁leading ▁position ▁in ▁studying ▁matters ▁of ▁relev ance ▁to ▁Norwegian ▁foreign ▁policy ▁and ▁economic ▁relations . ▁ ▁Though ▁for ▁many ▁years ▁completely ▁fund ed ▁over ▁the ▁state ▁budget ▁( l ater ▁supp lement ed ▁by ▁a ▁s izable ▁share ▁of ▁outside ▁project ▁fund ing ), ▁N U PI ' s ▁formal ▁independence ▁from ▁Norwegian ▁foreign ▁policy ▁is ▁evident ▁in ▁its ▁long - standing ▁organiz ational ▁link ▁to ▁the ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Education ▁rather ▁than ▁the ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Foreign ▁Affairs ▁( dist ingu ishing ▁it ▁from ▁its ▁counter parts ▁in ▁Sweden ▁and ▁many ▁other ▁countries ). ▁The ▁inst itute ▁as ▁such ▁has ▁never ▁taken ▁a ▁policy ▁st ance ▁on ▁current ▁issues , ▁but ▁has ▁left ▁this ▁to ▁the ▁professional ▁judgment ▁of ▁its ▁individual ▁research ers . ▁Nevertheless , ▁in ▁the ▁Norwegian ▁political ▁debate ▁and ▁in ▁the ▁wider ▁Norwegian ▁research ▁community ▁of ▁international ▁affairs