▁sup érieure , ▁was ▁the ▁special ization ▁Peace ▁Studies ▁launched ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁within ▁the ▁Master ▁of ▁International ▁affairs ▁and ▁development . ▁▁ ▁Doctor al ▁programs ▁ ▁More ▁than ▁ 7 0 % ▁of ▁PS L ▁students ▁are ▁at ▁the ▁Master ’ s ▁or ▁Ph D ▁level . ▁ ▁University ▁PS L ▁Gr adu ate ▁Program s ▁are ▁inspired ▁by ▁the ▁gradu ate ▁schools ▁that ▁can ▁be ▁found ▁in ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁world ' s ▁research ▁univers ities . ▁The ▁first ▁two ▁programs ▁of ▁this ▁kind ▁are ▁a ▁Gr adu ate ▁program ▁in ▁the ▁Human ities ▁( Trans l itter ae ) ▁and ▁a ▁Ph D ▁program ▁in ▁C ogn itive ▁science ▁( Front C og ). ▁▁ ▁S AC Re ▁Doctor al ▁program ▁ ▁The ▁“ S cience ▁Art ▁Cre ation ▁Research ” ▁( S AC Re ) ▁doctor al ▁program ▁a ims ▁at ▁developing ▁new ▁fields ▁of ▁research ▁by ▁expl oring ▁the ▁interfaces ▁between ▁the ▁arts , ▁and ▁between ▁arts ▁and ▁science ▁( hard ▁sciences ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁human ities ▁and ▁social ▁sciences ). ▁The ▁program ▁implements ▁a ▁new ▁kind ▁of ▁Ph D ▁in ▁Art ▁strongly ▁art icul ating ▁practice ▁and ▁theoretical ▁thinking . ▁ ▁It ▁brings ▁together , ▁along ▁with ▁the ▁E cole ▁norm ale ▁sup érieure , ▁five ▁French ▁schools ▁of ▁cre ative ▁and ▁performing ▁arts ▁: ▁C NS AD ▁( F rench ▁professional ▁acting ▁school ), ▁Conserv atoire ▁national ▁sup érieur ▁de ▁musique ▁et ▁de ▁dan se ▁de ▁Paris ▁( d ance , ▁music