6 , ▁Sh ch ap ov ▁took ▁part ▁in ▁an ▁expedition ▁to ▁the ▁Tur uk h ansk ▁regions ▁as ▁an ▁eth n ograph er , ▁organized ▁by ▁the ▁Si ber ian ▁Department ▁of ▁the ▁Russian ▁Geographic ▁Society . ▁Af an asi y ▁Sh ch ap ov ▁died ▁of ▁t uber cul osis ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 6 . ▁ ▁Ide as ▁ ▁Af an asi y ▁Sh ch ap ov ▁author ed ▁many ▁works ▁on ▁the ▁history ▁of ▁sect arian ism ▁and ▁R ask ol , ▁which ▁he ▁viewed ▁as ▁a ▁manifest ation ▁of ▁popular ▁protest ▁against ▁social ▁opp ression . ▁In ▁ 1 8 5 6 - 1 8 6 4 , ▁influenced ▁by ▁Gr ig ory ▁Y el ise ye v ▁and ▁Ste pan ▁Yes he v sky , ▁he ▁came ▁forward ▁as ▁a ▁supp orter ▁of ▁the ▁so - called ▁" zem stvo - ob last ▁theory " ▁( зем ско - об ла ст ниче ская ▁тео рия ), ▁view ing ▁Russian ▁history ▁as ▁an ▁interaction ▁process ▁between ▁certain ▁" ob last s ". ▁Sh ch ap ov ' s ▁focus ▁on ▁ge ography ▁and ▁econom ics ▁as ▁two ▁principal ▁ag encies ▁in ▁history ▁is ▁thought ▁to ▁have ▁her ald ed ▁the ▁next ▁generation ▁of ▁Russian ▁histor ians , ▁as ▁represented ▁by ▁Vas ily ▁K ly uch ev sky , ▁Paul ▁Vin og rado ff , ▁and ▁Michael ▁Rost ov t ze ff . ▁Since ▁ge ographical ▁conditions ▁of ▁various ▁Russian ▁lands ▁differ ed ▁enorm ously , ▁Sh