) ▁now ▁primarily ▁refer ▁to ▁God . ▁Tol k app i yar ▁refers ▁to ▁the ▁Three ▁Crown ed ▁Kings ▁as ▁the ▁“ Three ▁G lor ified ▁by ▁Heaven ”. ▁In ▁the ▁D rav id ian - spe aking ▁South , ▁the ▁concept ▁of ▁divine ▁king ship ▁led ▁to ▁the ▁assumption ▁of ▁major ▁roles ▁by ▁state ▁and ▁temple . ▁ ▁Sang am ▁period ▁architecture ▁ ▁From ▁ 5 8 0 B CE ▁- ▁ 3 0 0 CE , ▁the ▁greatest ▁accomplish ments ▁of ▁the ▁kingdom s ▁of ▁the ▁early ▁Ch ola , ▁Ch era ▁and ▁the ▁P and yan ▁kingdom s ▁included ▁brick ▁shr ines ▁to ▁de ities ▁mur ug an ▁, Sh iva , ▁Am man ▁and ▁V ish nu . ▁Several ▁of ▁these ▁have ▁been ▁un ear th ed ▁near ▁Ad ich an all ur , ▁K aver ipo om pu h arp att in am ▁and ▁Mah ab al ip ur am , ▁and ▁the ▁construction ▁plans ▁of ▁these ▁sites ▁of ▁worship ▁were ▁shared ▁to ▁some ▁detail ▁in ▁various ▁po ems ▁of ▁Sang am ▁literature . ▁One ▁such ▁temple , ▁the ▁Sal uv ann ku pp an ▁Mur uk an ▁temple , ▁un ear th ed ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 5 , ▁consists ▁of ▁three ▁layers . ▁The ▁lowest ▁layer , ▁consisting ▁of ▁a ▁brick ▁shr ine , ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁oldest ▁of ▁its ▁kind ▁in ▁South ▁India , ▁and ▁is ▁the ▁oldest ▁shr ine ▁found ▁dedicated ▁to ▁Mur uk an . ▁It ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁only ▁two