ing ▁city ' s ▁military ▁bul w ark . ▁ ▁Foundation ▁of ▁Ludwig sh afen ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 0 8 , ▁during ▁the ▁French ▁occupation , ▁Carl ▁Horn ig ▁of ▁Mann heim ▁purchased ▁the ▁for tr ess ▁from ▁the ▁French ▁authorities ▁and ▁turned ▁it ▁into ▁a ▁way ▁station ▁for ▁passing ▁river ▁traffic . ▁Later , ▁the ▁Rhein sch anze ▁with ▁its ▁winter - proof ▁har bour ▁bas in ▁( created ▁by ▁a ▁flo od ▁in ▁ 1 8 2 4 ) ▁was ▁used ▁as ▁trad ing ▁post . ▁Horn ig ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 8 1 9 , ▁but ▁Johann ▁Heinrich ▁Sch arp ff , ▁a ▁business man ▁from ▁Spe yer , ▁continued ▁Horn ig ' s ▁plans , ▁which ▁were ▁then ▁turned ▁over ▁to ▁his ▁son - in - law , ▁Philipp ▁Mark us ▁L ichten berger , ▁in ▁ 1 8 3 0 . ▁Their ▁activities ▁marked ▁the ▁beginning ▁of ▁the ▁civil ian ▁use ▁of ▁the ▁Rhein sch anze . ▁ ▁The ▁year ▁ 1 8 4 4 ▁was ▁the ▁official ▁birth ▁of ▁Ludwig sh afen , ▁when ▁L ichten berger ▁sold ▁this ▁property ▁to ▁the ▁state ▁of ▁Bav aria ▁( B ay ern ), ▁and ▁the ▁military ▁title ▁of ▁the ▁for tr ess ▁was ▁finally ▁removed . ▁The ▁Bav arian ▁king , ▁Ludwig ▁I , ▁set ▁forth ▁plans ▁to ▁rename ▁the ▁settlement ▁after ▁himself ▁and ▁to ▁start ▁construction ▁of ▁an ▁urban ▁area ▁as ▁a ▁Bav arian ▁rival ▁to ▁Mann heim ▁on ▁the ▁opposite ▁bank . ▁ ▁During ▁the