, ▁and ▁Giovanni ▁Am end ola ▁in ▁Italy , ▁who ▁would ▁turn ▁to ▁“ t rag ic ▁thought ” ▁as ▁a ▁response ▁to ▁the ▁aby ss ▁opened ▁by ▁n ih il ism . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 0 9 , ▁catal ys ed ▁by ▁the ▁task ▁of ▁writing ▁a ▁university ▁th esis ▁on ▁the ▁concepts ▁of ▁persu asion ▁and ▁r het or ic ▁in ▁the ▁works ▁of ▁Pl ato ▁and ▁Arist ot le , ▁Michel sta ed ter ’ s ▁thought ▁under w ent ▁a ▁shift ▁– ▁one ▁that ▁would ▁continue ▁after ▁he ▁returned ▁to ▁Gor izia . ▁His ▁analysis ▁now ▁sought ▁to ▁provide ▁the ▁possibility ▁of ▁resist ing ▁the ▁abstract ing ▁force ▁that ▁social ▁cons ensus ▁exerc ised ▁on ▁both ▁philosoph ical ▁and ▁quot id ian ▁forms ▁of ▁thought . ▁It ▁is ▁clear ▁in ▁his ▁later ▁writ ings ▁that ▁he ▁understood ▁that ▁all ▁philosoph ical ▁approaches ▁must ▁be ▁anal ys ed ▁in ▁terms ▁of ▁how ▁they ▁are ▁abstract ed ▁( al ien ated ) ▁from ▁themselves ▁within ▁the ▁structures ▁of ▁soci etal ▁cons ensus . ▁Building ▁on ▁this ▁foundation , ▁he ▁came ▁to ▁understand ▁culture ▁as ▁soci etal ▁behavior ▁rather ▁than ▁as ▁something ▁created ▁by ▁the ▁subject ; ▁this ▁p aved ▁the ▁way ▁for ▁a ▁series ▁of ▁ref lections ▁on ▁the ▁relationship ▁between ▁ep ist em ology ▁and ▁ide ological ▁cons ensus ▁that ▁would ▁have ▁more ▁in ▁common ▁with ▁L uk á cs ’ s ▁ideas ▁in ▁History ▁and ▁Class ▁Cons cious ness ▁( 1 9 2 2 ▁) ▁▁ ▁Philosoph