, ▁Bar uch ▁Car v ag lio ▁and ▁Silver a ▁families ▁of ▁Liv orno . ▁The ▁Bel il ios ▁and ▁Car v ag lio ▁families ▁inter mar ried ▁for ▁at ▁least ▁three ▁gener ations ▁establish ing ▁two ▁prosper ous ▁mer ch ants ▁dynast ies . ▁ ▁Family ▁documents ▁such ▁as ▁will s ▁speak ▁of ▁the ▁Bel il ios ▁family ▁belonging ▁to ▁" the ▁Jewish ▁nation , ▁of ▁Spanish ▁and ▁Portuguese ▁descent " ▁and ▁" est ab lished ▁in ▁Liv orno , ▁Ven ice , ▁London , ▁Amsterdam ▁and ▁Ale ppo ." ▁This ▁mapped ▁the ▁business ▁interests ▁and ▁offices ▁of ▁the ▁Bel il ios ▁family ▁partners hips ▁which ▁lever aged ▁inten se ▁eth nic ▁networking ▁and ▁marriage ▁t ies ▁into ▁last ing ▁trad ing ▁relationships . ▁Tr ading ▁documents ▁show ▁the ▁Bel il ios ▁family ▁in ▁the ▁sevent e enth ▁and ▁eigh teenth ▁century ▁also ▁intens ely ▁trad ing ▁with ▁Catholic ▁and ▁even ▁H indu ▁mer ch ants ▁in ▁Go a . ▁ ▁Histor ians ▁have ▁identified ▁the ▁Bel il ios ▁family ▁as ▁cult ur ally ▁a ▁type ▁known ▁as ▁Port ▁Jews ▁a ▁concept ▁form ulated ▁by ▁Lo is ▁Dub in ▁and ▁David ▁S ork in ▁as ▁a ▁social ▁type ▁that ▁engaged ▁in ▁se af aring ▁and ▁mar itime ▁economy ▁of ▁Europe ▁in ▁the ▁sevent e enth ▁and ▁eigh teenth ▁century . ▁Port ▁Jews ▁according ▁to ▁Lo is ▁Dub in ▁were ▁marked ▁by ▁a ▁flex ibility ▁towards ▁religion , ▁an ▁eng agement ▁with ▁European ▁culture ▁and ▁" a ▁rel uct ant ▁cosm opol itan