ing ▁of ▁E lij ah ▁Muhammad ' s ▁dom ination ▁of ▁the ▁Nation ▁of ▁Islam , ▁Mal col m ▁left ▁that ▁organization ▁and ▁engaged ▁with ▁the ▁main stream ▁of ▁the ▁Civil ▁Rights ▁Mov ement . ▁ ▁Mal col m ▁was ▁now ▁open ▁to ▁volunt ary ▁ra cial ▁integration ▁as ▁a ▁long - term ▁goal , ▁but ▁he ▁still ▁supported ▁armed ▁self - def ense , ▁self - re liance , ▁and ▁black ▁national ism ; ▁he ▁became ▁a ▁simultane ous ▁sp okes man ▁for ▁the ▁milit ant ▁wing ▁of ▁the ▁Civil ▁Rights ▁Mov ement ▁and ▁the ▁non - separ at ist ▁wing ▁of ▁the ▁Black ▁Power ▁movement . ▁ ▁An ▁early ▁manifest ation ▁of ▁Black ▁Power ▁in ▁popular ▁culture ▁was ▁the ▁performances ▁given ▁by ▁N ina ▁Sim one ▁at ▁Car neg ie ▁Hall ▁in ▁March ▁ 1 9 6 4 , ▁and ▁the ▁album ▁In ▁Con cert ▁which ▁resulted ▁from ▁them . ▁N ina ▁Sim one ▁mock ed ▁liberal ▁non vi ol ence ▁(" Go ▁L imp "), ▁and ▁took ▁a ▁ven ge ful ▁position ▁toward ▁white ▁rac ists ▁(" Miss iss ippi ▁God dam n " ▁and ▁her ▁adaptation ▁of ▁" P ir ate ▁Jen ny "). ▁Histor ian ▁Ruth ▁Feld stein ▁writes ▁that , ▁" Con tr ary ▁to ▁the ▁neat ▁historical ▁traject ories ▁which ▁suggest ▁that ▁black ▁power ▁came ▁late ▁in ▁the ▁de cade ▁and ▁only ▁after ▁the ▁' success es ' ▁of ▁earlier ▁efforts , ▁Sim one ' s ▁album ▁makes ▁clear ▁that ▁black ▁power ▁pers pect ives ▁were