▁information ▁we ▁know ▁or ▁do ▁not ▁know . ▁This ▁is ▁why ▁the ▁current ▁debate ▁between ▁the ▁psych ol ingu istic ▁view ▁of ▁T OT s ▁as ▁retr ieval ▁failure ▁and ▁the ▁met ac ogn itive ▁view ▁of ▁T OT s ▁as ▁a ▁tool ▁for ▁learning ▁continues . ▁ ▁Similar ▁phen omena ▁include ▁Dé jà ▁vu ▁( Al ready ▁seen ), ▁Jam ais ▁vu ▁( N ever ▁Se en ), ▁and ▁Dé jà ▁ent end u ▁( Al ready ▁He ard ). ▁These ▁occur ▁rarely ▁and ▁are ▁more ▁pre val ent ▁in ▁patients ▁with ▁tra um atic ▁head ▁inj uries , ▁and ▁brain ▁dis orders ▁including ▁ep ile ps y . ▁ ▁In vol unt ary ▁memory ▁retr ieval ▁ ▁Until ▁recently , ▁research ▁on ▁this ▁phenomen on ▁has ▁been ▁relatively ▁rare , ▁with ▁only ▁two ▁types ▁of ▁invol unt ary ▁memory ▁retr ieval ▁identified : ▁invol unt ary ▁aut obi ographical ▁memory ▁retr ieval , ▁and ▁invol unt ary ▁semantic ▁memory ▁retr ieval . ▁Both ▁of ▁these ▁phen omena ▁can ▁be ▁considered ▁emer gent ▁aspects ▁of ▁otherwise ▁normal ▁and ▁quite ▁efficient ▁cogn itive ▁processes . ▁ ▁In vol unt ary ▁aut obi ographical ▁memory ▁( I AM ) ▁retr ieval ▁occurs ▁sp ont ane ously ▁as ▁the ▁result ▁of ▁sens ory ▁c ues ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁internal ▁c ues , ▁such ▁as ▁thought ▁or ▁intention . ▁These ▁c ues ▁influence ▁us ▁in ▁our ▁day - to - day ▁lives ▁by ▁constantly ▁and ▁automatically ▁activ ating ▁un cons cious ▁mem ories ▁through ▁prim ing