▁serious ▁problems ▁arise ▁with ▁the ▁social ▁re integration ▁of ▁children ▁who ▁grow ▁up ▁in ▁institutions , ▁and ▁de inst itution al ization ▁through ▁family ▁reun ification ▁and ▁independent ▁living ▁are ▁being ▁emphas ized ." ▁ ▁Gh ana ▁ ▁A ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁survey ▁spons ored ▁by ▁O A frica ▁( pre viously ▁Or phan A id ▁Africa ) ▁and ▁carried ▁out ▁by ▁the ▁Department ▁of ▁Social ▁W elf are ▁came ▁up ▁with ▁the ▁figure ▁of ▁ 4 , 8 0 0 ▁children ▁in ▁institution al ▁care ▁in ▁ 1 4 8 ▁or phan ages . ▁The ▁government ▁is ▁currently ▁attempting ▁to ▁phase ▁out ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁or phan ages ▁in ▁favor ▁of ▁fost er ▁care ▁pla c ements ▁and ▁ad option . ▁At ▁least ▁eight y - e ight ▁homes ▁have ▁been ▁closed ▁since ▁the ▁passage ▁of ▁the ▁National ▁Plan ▁of ▁Action ▁for ▁Or ph ans ▁and ▁V ul ner able ▁Children . ▁The ▁website ▁www . ov c gh ana . org ▁details ▁these ▁re forms . ▁ ▁Ken ya ▁ ▁A ▁ 1 9 9 9 ▁survey ▁of ▁ 3 6 , 0 0 0 ▁or ph ans ▁found ▁the ▁following ▁number ▁in ▁institution al ▁care : ▁ 6 4 ▁in ▁registered ▁institutions ▁and ▁ 1 6 4 ▁in ▁un register ed ▁institutions . ▁ ▁Mal aw i ▁ ▁There ▁are ▁about ▁ 1 0 1 ▁or phan ages ▁in ▁Mal aw i . ▁There ▁is ▁a ▁UN ICE F / G overn ment ▁driven ▁program ▁on ▁de -