▁where ▁children ▁are ▁subject ▁to ▁ab use ▁and ▁neglect . ▁▁ ▁One ▁significant ▁study , ▁which ▁disput es ▁this , ▁was ▁carried ▁out ▁by ▁Duke ▁University . ▁Their ▁research ers ▁concluded ▁that ▁institution al ▁care ▁in ▁America ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 th ▁century ▁produced ▁the ▁same ▁health , ▁emot ional , ▁intellectual , ▁mental , ▁and ▁physical ▁out comes ▁as ▁care ▁by ▁relatives , ▁and ▁better ▁than ▁care ▁in ▁the ▁homes ▁of ▁str angers . ▁One ▁explanation ▁for ▁this ▁is ▁the ▁pre val ence ▁of ▁permanent ▁temporary ▁fost er ▁care . ▁This ▁is ▁the ▁name ▁for ▁a ▁long ▁string ▁of ▁short ▁stays ▁with ▁different ▁fost er ▁care ▁families . ▁P erman ent ▁temporary ▁fost er ▁care ▁is ▁highly ▁dis rupt ive ▁to ▁the ▁child ▁and ▁prevents ▁the ▁child ▁from ▁developing ▁a ▁sense ▁of ▁security ▁or ▁belonging . ▁P lacement ▁in ▁the ▁home ▁of ▁a ▁relative ▁maintain s ▁and ▁usually ▁impro ves ▁the ▁child ' s ▁connection ▁to ▁family ▁members . ▁ ▁Another ▁alternative ▁are ▁group ▁homes ▁which ▁are ▁used ▁for ▁short - term ▁pla c ements . ▁They ▁may ▁be ▁resident ial ▁treatment ▁cent ers , ▁and ▁they ▁frequently ▁special ize ▁in ▁a ▁particular ▁population ▁with ▁psych iat ric ▁or ▁behavior al ▁problems , ▁e . g ., ▁a ▁group ▁home ▁for ▁children ▁and ▁te ens ▁with ▁aut ism , ▁e ating ▁dis orders , ▁or ▁subst ance ▁ab use ▁problems ▁or ▁child ▁soldiers ▁under going ▁de comm ission ing . ▁ ▁Crit ic ism ▁ ▁Most ▁of ▁the ▁children ▁living ▁in