▁Stanley ▁Tamb iah , ▁magic , ▁science , ▁and ▁religion ▁all ▁have ▁their ▁own ▁" quality ▁of ▁rational ity ", ▁and ▁have ▁been ▁influenced ▁by ▁politics ▁and ▁ide ology . ▁As ▁opposed ▁to ▁religion , ▁Tamb iah ▁suggests ▁that ▁man kind ▁has ▁a ▁much ▁more ▁personal ▁control ▁over ▁events . ▁Science , ▁according ▁to ▁Tamb iah , ▁is ▁" a ▁system ▁of ▁behavior ▁by ▁which ▁man ▁acqu ires ▁master y ▁of ▁the ▁environment ." ▁ ▁Mag icians ▁ ▁Many ▁of ▁the ▁practices ▁which ▁have ▁been ▁label led ▁magic ▁can ▁be ▁performed ▁by ▁anyone . ▁For ▁instance , ▁some ▁char ms ▁can ▁be ▁rec ited ▁by ▁individuals ▁with ▁no ▁special ist ▁knowledge ▁nor ▁any ▁claim ▁to ▁having ▁a ▁specific ▁power . ▁O thers ▁require ▁special ised ▁training ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁perform ▁them . ▁Some ▁of ▁the ▁individuals ▁who ▁performed ▁mag ical ▁acts ▁on ▁a ▁more ▁than ▁occas ional ▁basis ▁came ▁to ▁be ▁identified ▁as ▁mag icians , ▁or ▁with ▁related ▁concepts ▁like ▁sor cer ers / s or cer esses , ▁w itch es , ▁or ▁c unning ▁folk . ▁Ident ities ▁as ▁a ▁mag ician ▁can ▁stem ▁from ▁an ▁individual ' s ▁own ▁claims ▁about ▁themselves , ▁or ▁it ▁can ▁be ▁a ▁label ▁placed ▁upon ▁them ▁by ▁others . ▁In ▁the ▁latter ▁case , ▁an ▁individual ▁could ▁em brace ▁such ▁a ▁label , ▁or ▁they ▁could ▁reject ▁it , ▁sometimes ▁veh ement ly . ▁ ▁There ▁can ▁be ▁economic ▁in cent ives ▁that ▁encourag ed ▁individuals ▁to ▁identify ▁as ▁mag icians . ▁In