▁For ▁instance , ▁the ▁X - ray ▁cry stal ▁structure ▁of ▁bal an ol ▁in ▁complex ▁with ▁PK A ▁was ▁used ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁confer ▁select ivity ▁and ▁to ▁improve ▁ph arm ac ological ▁effic acy ▁of ▁in hib itors ▁of ▁the ▁H . ▁s api ens ▁Akt ▁( PK B ), ▁another ▁ser ine / th re on ine ▁protein ▁kin ase ▁imp licated ▁in ▁the ▁proper ▁function ing ▁of ▁many ▁cell ular ▁processes . ▁ ▁Str ucture ▁ ▁The ▁chemical ▁structure ▁was ▁initially ▁character ized ▁through ▁a ▁combination ▁of ▁IR ▁spect ro sc opy , ▁hydro gen - 1 ▁N MR , ▁carbon - 1 3 ▁N MR , ▁and ▁ 2 D ▁N MR ▁spect ra ▁data , ▁and ▁the ▁cry stal ▁structure ▁of ▁bal an ol ▁in ▁complex ▁with ▁PK A ▁was ▁solved ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 9 . ▁The ▁bal an ol ▁mole c ule ▁consists ▁of ▁three ▁regions : ▁a ▁ben z oph en one , ▁hex ah ydro az ep ane , ▁and ▁ 4 - h ydro xy ▁ben zo yl ▁mo iety . ▁The ▁ben z oph en one ▁and ▁hex ah ydro az ep ane ▁mo iet ies ▁are ▁connected ▁via ▁an ▁est er ▁link age , ▁and ▁the ▁a ze p ane ▁and ▁ben zo yl ▁mo iet ies ▁are ▁connected ▁through ▁an ▁am ide ▁link age . ▁Furthermore , ▁bal an ol ▁is ▁sometimes ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁o phi oc ordin , ▁an ▁ant if ung al ▁agent ▁produced ▁by