aru ▁in ▁the ▁Th aru hat ▁and ▁Mad h esh ▁and ▁K ham ▁Mag ar ▁in ▁the ▁mid - western ▁hills ▁to ▁support ▁the ▁Un ified ▁Commun ist ▁Party ▁of ▁Nep al ▁( M ao ist ) ▁and ▁various ▁other ▁armed ▁Ma o ist ▁opposition ▁groups ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁J T MM ▁during ▁and ▁after ▁the ▁Nep al ese ▁Civil ▁War . ▁The ▁negoti ated ▁end ▁to ▁this ▁war ▁forced ▁King ▁G yan endra ▁to ▁ab d icate ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 8 . ▁Iss ues ▁of ▁eth nic ▁and ▁regional ▁equ ity ▁have ▁t ended ▁to ▁domin ate ▁the ▁ag enda ▁of ▁the ▁new ▁republic an ▁government ▁and ▁continue ▁to ▁be ▁divis ive . ▁Today , ▁even ▁after ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁a ▁ 1 0 - year - old ▁Ma o ist ▁conflict , ▁the ▁upper ▁cas te ▁domin ates ▁every ▁field ▁in ▁Nep al . ▁Although ▁New ars ▁are ▁low ▁in ▁numbers , ▁their ▁urban ▁living ▁habitat ▁gives ▁them ▁a ▁compet itive ▁advantage . ▁Thus , ▁New ars ▁are ▁the ▁to ppers ▁in ▁Human ▁Development ▁Index . ▁From ▁a ▁gender ▁perspective , ▁New ari ▁women ▁are ▁the ▁most ▁liter ate ▁and ▁lead ▁in ▁every ▁sector . ▁Bra hm ins ▁and ▁Ch het ris ' ▁women ▁have ▁experienced ▁less ▁social ▁and ▁economic ▁mob ility ▁compared ▁to ▁New ari ▁women . ▁Specifically , ▁Bra h min ▁women ▁experience ▁less ▁equality ▁due ▁to ▁their ▁pre domin ately ▁rural ▁living ▁conditions ▁which ▁dep riv es ▁them ▁of ▁access ▁to ▁certain ▁educational ▁and ▁health care