im ini , ▁and ▁Sen ig all ia ▁forming ▁the ▁so - called ▁Pent apolis ). ▁After ▁the ▁fall ▁of ▁the ▁Ex arch ate , ▁it ▁was ▁briefly ▁in ▁the ▁possession ▁of ▁the ▁Lomb ards , ▁but ▁was ▁conquer ed ▁by ▁Char lemagne ▁in ▁the ▁late ▁e ighth ▁century . ▁In ▁the ▁nin th ▁to ▁ele vent h ▁centuries , ▁the ▁march es ▁of ▁Camer ino , ▁F ermo ▁and ▁An con a ▁were ▁created , ▁hence ▁the ▁modern ▁name . ▁ ▁Mar che ▁was ▁nomin ally ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Pap al ▁States , ▁but ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁territory ▁was ▁under ▁local ▁l ords , ▁while ▁the ▁major ▁cities ▁ruled ▁themselves ▁as ▁free ▁communes . ▁In ▁the ▁tw elf th ▁century , ▁the ▁commune ▁of ▁An con a ▁resist ed ▁both ▁the ▁imperial ▁authority ▁of ▁Frederick ▁Bar bar ossa ▁and ▁the ▁Republic ▁of ▁Ven ice , ▁and ▁was ▁a ▁mar itime ▁republic ▁on ▁its ▁own . ▁An ▁attempt ▁to ▁restore ▁Pap al ▁su zer ain ty ▁by ▁Gil ▁de ▁Al bor no z ▁in ▁the ▁four teenth ▁century ▁was ▁short - l ived . ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁Renaissance , ▁the ▁region ▁was ▁fought ▁over ▁by ▁rival ▁arist ocr atic ▁families , ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁Mal at esta ▁of ▁R im ini , ▁P es aro , ▁F ano ▁and ▁the ▁house ▁of ▁Monte f elt ro ▁of ▁U rb ino . ▁The ▁last ▁independent ▁entity , ▁the ▁Duch y ▁of ▁U rb ino , ▁was ▁dissol ved ▁in ▁ 1 6 3 1