▁A yt oun ▁a ▁special ▁certificate ▁of ▁distinction ; ▁but ▁he ▁did ▁not ▁gradu ate . ▁ ▁At ▁Edinburgh ▁J app ▁associated ▁with ▁young ▁artists , ▁including ▁John ▁P ett ie ▁and ▁his ▁friends . ▁Turn ing ▁to ▁journal ism , ▁he ▁edited ▁the ▁In ver ness ▁Cou rier ▁and ▁the ▁Mont rose ▁Review . ▁Having ▁settled ▁in ▁London ▁in ▁ 1 8 6 4 , ▁he ▁joined ▁for ▁a ▁short ▁time ▁the ▁Daily ▁Te legraph . ▁While ▁writing ▁for ▁other ▁papers , ▁he ▁acted ▁as ▁general ▁literary ▁advis er ▁to ▁the ▁publishing ▁firm ▁of ▁Alexander ▁Stra han ▁( l ater ▁William ▁Is b ister ▁& Co .), ▁and ▁assist ed ▁in ▁editing ▁their ▁period ical s : ▁Good ▁W ords , ▁Sunday ▁Magazine ▁( from ▁ 1 8 6 9 ▁to ▁ 1 8 7 9 ), ▁and ▁The ▁Contempor ary ▁Review ▁from ▁ 1 8 6 6 ▁to ▁ 1 8 7 2 , ▁while ▁Henry ▁Al ford ▁was ▁editor . ▁He ▁also ▁assist ed ▁Robert ▁Car r uth ers ▁in ▁the ▁third ▁edition ▁of ▁Ch amb ers ' s ▁Cy c lop ædia ▁of ▁English ▁Liter ature . ▁▁ ▁In ▁October ▁ 1 8 8 0 , ▁J app ▁started ▁as ▁a ▁publish er , ▁under ▁the ▁style ▁Marshall ▁J app ▁and ▁Co ., ▁at ▁ 1 7 ▁Hol born ▁Vi ad uct ; ▁but ▁bad ▁health ▁and ▁ins u fficient ▁capital ▁led ▁him ▁to ▁make ▁the ▁vent ure ▁over ▁to ▁T . ▁Fish er ▁Un win ▁in ▁ 1