▁studied ▁as ▁a ▁potential ▁alternative ▁to ▁the ▁hol m ium : Y AG ▁( H o : Y AG ) ▁las er ▁for ▁the ▁treatment ▁of ▁kid ney ▁stones . ▁ ▁The ▁T FL ▁has ▁several ▁potential ▁advantages ▁compared ▁to ▁Ho : Y AG ▁las er ▁for ▁l ith ot ri ps y , ▁including ▁a ▁four ▁times ▁lower ▁ab lation ▁threshold , ▁a ▁near ▁single - mode ▁beam ▁profile , ▁and ▁higher ▁pul se ▁rates , ▁resulting ▁in ▁up ▁to ▁four ▁times ▁as ▁fast ▁ab lation ▁rates ▁and ▁faster ▁proced ural ▁times . ▁ ▁Las ers ▁P uls ed ▁d ye ▁las ers ▁have ▁been ▁used ▁with ▁fi ber ▁diam eters ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 – 5 5 0 ▁mic rons ▁for ▁l ith ot ri ps y ▁of ▁b ili ary ▁and ▁ur inary ▁stones . ▁ ▁Ho : Y AG ▁las ers ▁have ▁w avel ength ▁of ▁ 2 1 0 0   nm ▁( inf ra red ) ▁and ▁are ▁used ▁for ▁medical ▁procedures ▁in ▁u ro log y ▁and ▁other ▁areas . ▁ ▁They ▁have ▁qual ities ▁of ▁CO 2 ▁and ▁N d : Y ag ▁las ers , ▁with ▁ab l ative ▁and ▁co ag ulation ▁effects . ▁ ▁Hol m ium ▁las er ▁use ▁results ▁in ▁smaller ▁fragments ▁than ▁ 3 2 0 ▁or ▁ 3 6 5 ▁mic ron ▁p uls ed ▁d ye ▁las ers ▁or ▁electro h yd ra ul ic ▁and ▁mechanical ▁methods . ▁ ▁Th ul ium ▁fi ber ▁las