4 4 – 1 9 5 0 . ▁The ▁forced ▁collect iv isation ▁of ▁agricult ure ▁began ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 7 , ▁and ▁was ▁completed ▁after ▁the ▁mass ▁deport ation ▁in ▁March ▁ 1 9 4 9 . ▁The ▁Soviet ▁authorities ▁conf isc ated ▁private ▁far ms ▁and ▁forced ▁pe as ants ▁to ▁join ▁collect ive ▁far ms . ▁An ▁armed ▁resistance ▁movement ▁of ▁forest ▁brothers ▁was ▁active ▁until ▁the ▁mass ▁deport ations . ▁ ▁A ▁total ▁of ▁ 3 0 , 0 0 0 ▁participated ▁in ▁or ▁supported ▁the ▁movement ; ▁ 2 , 0 0 0 ▁were ▁killed . ▁The ▁Soviet ▁authorities ▁fighting ▁the ▁forest ▁brothers ▁also ▁suffered ▁hundreds ▁of ▁cas ual ies . ▁Some ▁innoc ent ▁civ ili ans ▁were ▁killed ▁on ▁both ▁sides . ▁In ▁addition , ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁under ground ▁national ist ▁school children ' s ▁groups ▁were ▁active . ▁Most ▁of ▁their ▁members ▁were ▁sent enced ▁to ▁long ▁terms ▁of ▁imprison ment . ▁The ▁pun itive ▁actions ▁decre ased ▁rapidly ▁after ▁Joseph ▁St alin ' s ▁death ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 3 ; ▁from ▁ 1 9 5 6 – 5 8 , ▁a ▁large ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁dep orte es ▁and ▁political ▁prisoners ▁were ▁allowed ▁to ▁return . ▁Political ▁arr ests ▁and ▁numerous ▁other ▁kinds ▁of ▁cr imes ▁against ▁human ity ▁were ▁committed ▁during ▁the ▁occupation ▁period ▁until ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 9 8 0 s . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁end , ▁the ▁attempt ▁to ▁integrate ▁the ▁Est onian ▁society ▁into ▁the