e vo ▁D HA , ▁and ▁De pl in ), ▁and ▁South ▁Alabama ▁Medical ▁Science ▁Foundation ▁( SA MS F ) ▁( the ▁pla int iffs ) ▁file d ▁a ▁compla int ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁District ▁Court ▁for ▁the ▁Eastern ▁District ▁of ▁Texas ▁against ▁four ▁defend ants : ▁Mac oven ▁Ph arma ce ut ical s ▁( owned ▁by ▁P ern ix ▁Th era pe ut ics ), ▁G nos is ▁Sp A ▁of ▁Italy , ▁G nos is ▁U . S . A ▁and ▁G nos is ▁B ior es earch ▁Switzerland . ▁The ▁pla int iffs ▁alleg ed ▁that ▁the ▁defend ants ▁in fr ing ed ▁on ▁several ▁of ▁the ▁pla int iffs ' ▁pat ents . ▁The ▁Mac oven ▁products ▁named ▁in ▁the ▁suit ▁are : ▁" V it ac ir ic - B ", ▁" AL Z - N AC ", ▁" PN V ▁D HA ", ▁and ▁l - m eth yl fol ate ▁calci um ▁( lev ome fol ate ▁calci um ). ▁ ▁In ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁the ▁same ▁three ▁pla int iffs ▁file d ▁a ▁compla int ▁request ing ▁that ▁the ▁International ▁Trade ▁Commission ▁begin ▁an ▁ ▁investigation ▁of ▁the ▁same ▁four ▁defend ants . ▁The ▁compla int ▁states ▁that ▁G nos is ' ▁" Ext raf ol ic - S " ▁and ▁products ▁which ▁are ▁made ▁from ▁it , ▁in fr inge ▁upon ▁three ▁of ▁their ▁pat ents : ▁, ▁, ▁and ▁. ▁ ▁Form ulations ▁Lev ome fol