▁Court ▁justice ▁Felix ▁Frank fur ter ▁critic ized ▁the ▁decision ▁as ▁unw arr anted ▁jud icial ▁activ ism . ▁ ▁Second ▁W ave : ▁ 1 9 4 5 – 6 0 ▁ ▁After ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁some ▁progress ives ▁such ▁as ▁The ▁Nation ▁editor ▁Paul ▁Bl ans hard ▁became ▁concerned ▁with ▁the ▁power ▁of ▁the ▁Catholic ▁Church . ▁They ▁did ▁not ▁want ▁it ▁to ▁receive ▁public ▁funds ▁via ▁its ▁schools . ▁Some ▁sch ol ars ▁have ▁argued ▁that ▁the ▁ 1 9 4 7 ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁decision ▁E vers on ▁v . ▁Board ▁of ▁Education , ▁which ▁aff ir med ▁that ▁the ▁legal ▁doctrine ▁of ▁separation ▁of ▁church ▁and ▁state ▁applied ▁at ▁the ▁State ▁and ▁Local ▁government ▁levels , ▁was ▁motiv ated ▁by ▁anti - C atholic ▁feelings . ▁That ▁opinion ▁was ▁author ed ▁by ▁Justice ▁Hugo ▁L . ▁Black , ▁who ▁was ▁an ▁adm ir er ▁of ▁Bl ans hard . ▁ ▁Some ▁progress ives ▁compared ▁par och ial ▁education ▁to ▁ra cial ▁seg reg ation . ▁" You ▁cannot ▁practice ▁dem ocr atic ▁living ▁in ▁seg reg ated ▁schools ," ▁said ▁one ▁Columbia ▁professor , ▁referring ▁to ▁Catholic ▁schools . ▁ ▁At ▁a ▁debate ▁at ▁Harvard ▁Law ▁School ▁a ▁Method ist ▁Bishop ▁called ▁par och ial ▁schools ▁un - American . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 5 2 ▁prominent ▁educ ators ▁open ly ▁attacked ▁" non public ▁schools " ▁at ▁a ▁convention ▁of ▁public ▁school ▁super int end ents ▁in ▁Boston . ▁They ▁were ▁following ▁the ▁lead ▁of ▁their ▁own