▁of ▁the ▁arrays ▁processing ▁applications ▁in ▁astronom y ▁are ▁related ▁to ▁image ▁processing . ▁The ▁array ▁used ▁to ▁achieve ▁a ▁higher ▁quality ▁that ▁is ▁not ▁achiev able ▁by ▁using ▁a ▁single ▁channel . ▁The ▁high ▁image ▁quality ▁facil it ates ▁quant itative ▁analysis ▁and ▁comparison ▁with ▁images ▁at ▁other ▁w avel ength s . ▁In ▁general , ▁astronom y ▁arrays ▁can ▁be ▁divided ▁into ▁two ▁classes : ▁the ▁beam form ing ▁class ▁and ▁the ▁correlation ▁class . ▁Be am form ing ▁is ▁a ▁signal ▁processing ▁techniques ▁that ▁produce ▁sum med ▁array ▁be ams ▁from ▁a ▁direction ▁of ▁interest ▁– ▁used ▁basically ▁in ▁direction al ▁signal ▁transmission ▁or ▁reception - ▁the ▁basic ▁idea ▁is ▁to ▁combine ▁elements ▁in ▁a ▁ph ased ▁array ▁such ▁that ▁some ▁signals ▁experience ▁destruct ive ▁inference ▁and ▁other ▁experience ▁construct ive ▁inference . ▁Cor relation ▁arrays ▁provide ▁images ▁over ▁the ▁entire ▁single - element ▁primary ▁beam ▁pattern , ▁computed ▁off - line ▁from ▁records ▁of ▁all ▁the ▁possible ▁correl ations ▁between ▁the ▁anten nas , ▁pair wise . ▁▁▁ ▁Other ▁applications ▁In ▁addition ▁to ▁these ▁applications , ▁many ▁applications ▁have ▁been ▁developed ▁based ▁on ▁array ▁processing ▁techniques : ▁Ac oust ic ▁Be am form ing ▁for ▁H ear ing ▁A id ▁App lications , ▁Under - det erm ined ▁Bl ind ▁Source ▁Se par ation ▁Using ▁Ac oust ic ▁Array s , ▁Digital ▁ 3 D / 4 D ▁Ul tras ound ▁Im aging ▁Array , ▁Sm art ▁An ten nas , ▁Syn th etic ▁a pert ure ▁rad ar