▁Research ▁career ▁and ▁U . S . ▁Ge olog ic ▁Survey ▁Ward ▁never ▁pract iced ▁law , ▁however , ▁and ▁concentr ated ▁on ▁his ▁career ▁in ▁the ▁federal ▁government . ▁Al most ▁all ▁of ▁the ▁basic ▁research ▁in ▁such ▁fields ▁as ▁ge ography , ▁pale ont ology , ▁ar che ology ▁and ▁anth rop ology ▁were ▁concentr ated ▁in ▁Washington , ▁DC . ▁at ▁this ▁time ▁in ▁history , ▁and ▁a ▁job ▁as ▁a ▁federal ▁government ▁scient ist ▁was ▁a ▁pr estig ious ▁and ▁influ ential ▁position . ▁In ▁ 1 8 8 3 ▁he ▁was ▁made ▁Ge ologist ▁of ▁the ▁U . S . ▁Ge ological ▁Survey . ▁ ▁While ▁he ▁worked ▁at ▁the ▁Ge ological ▁Survey ▁he ▁became ▁good ▁friends ▁with ▁John ▁Wes ley ▁Pow ell , ▁the ▁powerful ▁and ▁influ ential ▁second ▁director ▁of ▁the ▁US ▁Ge ological ▁Survey ▁( 1 8 8 1 – 1 8 9 4 ) ▁and ▁the ▁director ▁of ▁the ▁Bureau ▁of ▁Eth n ology ▁at ▁the ▁Smith son ian ▁Institution . ▁ ▁Brown ▁University ▁Chair ▁of ▁Soci ology ▁In ▁ 1 8 9 2 , ▁he ▁was ▁named ▁Pale ont ologist ▁for ▁the ▁US GS , ▁a ▁position ▁he ▁held ▁until ▁ 1 9 0 6 , ▁when ▁he ▁res igned ▁to ▁accept ▁the ▁chair ▁of ▁Soci ology ▁at ▁Brown ▁University . ▁ ▁Works ▁and ▁ideas ▁By ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 8 8 0 s ▁the ▁new ▁field ▁of ▁soci ology ▁had ▁become ▁domin ated ▁by ▁ide olog ues ▁of ▁the ▁left ▁and ▁right