. ▁ ▁Jes uit ▁mission ary ▁E use bio ▁Francisco ▁K ino ▁visited ▁the ▁Santa ▁Cruz ▁River ▁valley ▁in ▁ 1 6 9 2 , ▁and ▁founded ▁the ▁Mission ▁San ▁X avier ▁del ▁Bac ▁in ▁ 1 7 0 0 ▁about ▁ 7   mi ▁( 1 1   km ) ▁up stream ▁from ▁the ▁site ▁of ▁the ▁settlement ▁of ▁T uc son . ▁A ▁separate ▁Con vent o ▁settlement ▁was ▁founded ▁down stream ▁along ▁the ▁Santa ▁Cruz ▁River , ▁near ▁the ▁base ▁of ▁what ▁is ▁now ▁" A " ▁mountain . ▁Hugo ▁O ' Con or , ▁the ▁found ing ▁father ▁of ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁T uc son , ▁Arizona ▁author ized ▁the ▁construction ▁of ▁a ▁military ▁fort ▁in ▁that ▁location , ▁Pres id io ▁San ▁Ag ust ín ▁del ▁T uc s ón , ▁on ▁August ▁ 2 0 , ▁ 1 7 7 5 ▁( near ▁the ▁present ▁dow nt own ▁P ima ▁County ▁Cour th ouse ). ▁During ▁the ▁Spanish ▁period ▁of ▁the ▁pres id io , ▁attacks ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁Second ▁Battle ▁of ▁T uc son ▁were ▁repeatedly ▁mounted ▁by ▁Ap aches . ▁Event ually ▁the ▁town ▁came ▁to ▁be ▁called ▁" T uc son " ▁and ▁became ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁state ▁of ▁Son ora ▁after ▁Mexico ▁gained ▁independence ▁from ▁the ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁Spain ▁and ▁its ▁Spanish ▁Empire ▁in ▁ 1 8 2 1 . ▁ ▁Mexican ▁period ▁In ▁ 1 8 2 1 ▁Mexico ▁gained ▁independence ▁from ▁Spain . ▁The ▁Mexican ▁Occ idente ▁state ▁borders ▁extended