, ▁and ▁losses ▁on ▁recent ▁films , ▁Disney ▁stud ios ▁faced ▁a ▁ble ak ▁out look ▁of ▁a ▁def ic it ▁of ▁over ▁half ▁a ▁million ▁dollars , ▁lay offs ▁and ▁pay ▁cut s ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁time ▁in ▁the ▁studio , ▁and ▁a ▁$ 2 . 2 3 ▁million ▁ce iling ▁on ▁their ▁credit ▁allow ance . ▁With ▁ble ak ▁prospect s , ▁the ▁studio ▁was ▁made ▁into ▁a ▁corpor ation ▁in ▁April ▁ 1 9 4 0 , ▁which ▁raised ▁$ 3 . 6 ▁million ▁to ▁help ▁pay ▁off ▁deb ts ▁ow ed ▁by ▁the ▁studio . ▁To ▁enable ▁his ▁stud ios ▁to ▁keep ▁af loat ▁and ▁producing ▁films , ▁W alt ▁Disney ▁sought ▁out ▁external ▁fund ing ▁to ▁cover ▁production ▁costs , ▁which ▁would ▁allow ▁him ▁to ▁keep ▁employees ▁on ▁the ▁pay roll ▁and ▁keep ▁the ▁studio ▁working . ▁ ▁On ▁March ▁ 3 , ▁ 1 9 4 1 , ▁Disney ▁invited ▁over ▁three ▁dozen ▁different ▁represent atives ▁of ▁various ▁national ▁defence ▁indust ries ▁to ▁a ▁l unch ▁meeting , ▁in ▁an ▁attempt ▁to ▁solic it ▁work ▁from ▁them . ▁He ▁followed ▁this ▁lun che on ▁with ▁formal ▁letters ▁offering ▁work ▁" For ▁national ▁defence ▁indust ries ▁at ▁cost , ▁and ▁without ▁profit . ▁In ▁making ▁this ▁offer , ▁I ▁am ▁motiv ated ▁sole ly ▁by ▁a ▁desire ▁to ▁help ▁as ▁best ▁I ▁can ▁in ▁the ▁present ▁emer gency ." ▁Four ▁Method s ▁of ▁Fl ush ▁Riv eting ▁( 1 9 4 1 ) ▁was ▁first ▁training ▁film ▁that