▁hate ▁groups . ▁ ▁To ▁reduce ▁the ▁potential ▁for ▁violence , ▁police ▁execut ives ▁must ▁in cul c ate ▁the ▁values ▁art ic ulated ▁by ▁policy ▁and ▁procedure ▁into ▁two ▁levels ▁of ▁the ▁police ▁department : ▁the ▁administrative ▁level ▁and ▁the ▁" line " ▁or ▁oper ational ▁level . ▁To ▁accomplish ▁the ▁task ▁of ▁value - transition ▁on ▁one ▁level ▁without ▁doing ▁so ▁on ▁the ▁other ▁is ▁fut ile , ▁for ▁no ▁change ▁in ▁police ▁behavior ▁will ▁result . ▁In ▁addition ▁to ▁the ▁two ▁levels ▁of ▁the ▁organization ▁which ▁the ▁police ▁executive ▁must ▁address , ▁two ▁dimensions ▁of ▁law ▁enfor cement ▁must ▁also ▁be ▁addressed : ▁the ▁police ▁culture ▁and ▁various ▁community ▁cult ures . ▁Thus , ▁to ▁effect ▁change ▁in ▁police - community ▁violence , ▁police ▁execut ives ▁must ▁take ▁a ▁mult id im ensional ▁approach . ▁Trad itional ▁approaches ▁to ▁reform ▁have ▁been ▁one - dimensional , ▁and ▁have ▁met ▁with ▁little ▁success . ▁▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁to ▁present ▁Some ▁law ▁enfor cement ▁ag encies ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁ 2 0 0 0 s ▁and ▁ 2 0 1 0 s ▁began ▁to ▁emphas ize ▁de - es cal ation ▁as ▁a ▁method ▁of ▁conflict ▁resolution ▁and ▁obtain ing ▁volunt ary ▁comp liance . ▁There ▁are ▁also ▁em ph ases ▁on ▁community ▁polic ing ▁to ▁build ▁relationships ▁and ▁community ▁trust ▁in ▁law ▁enfor cement ; ▁the ▁evidence - based ▁polic ing ▁approach ▁of ▁using ▁of ▁data ▁to ▁assist ▁with ▁decision - making ; ▁and ▁the