▁professional . ▁ ▁Adam ▁Smith ▁expressed ▁support ▁for ▁professional ization , ▁as ▁he ▁believed ▁that ▁profession als ▁made ▁a ▁worth while ▁contribution ▁to ▁society . ▁They ▁des erved ▁power ▁and ▁high ▁sal aries ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁difficulties ▁inher ent ▁in ▁gain ing ▁entry ▁to ▁professional ▁fields ▁and ▁living ▁up ▁to ▁the ▁rig orous ▁dem ands ▁of ▁professional ism . ▁ ▁State ▁lic ensure ▁ins ured ▁that ▁experience ▁could ▁not ▁be ▁subst it uted ▁for ▁cert ification , ▁and ▁decre ased ▁outside ▁competition . ▁A ▁code ▁of ▁eth ics ▁for ▁profession als ▁ens ured ▁that ▁the ▁public ▁receiving ▁the ▁service ▁was ▁well ▁served ▁and ▁set ▁gu idel ines ▁for ▁their ▁behavior ▁in ▁their ▁prof essions . ▁This ▁code ▁also ▁ens ured ▁that ▁pen alt ies ▁were ▁put ▁in ▁place ▁for ▁those ▁who ▁failed ▁to ▁meet ▁up ▁to ▁the ▁standards ▁stated . ▁ ▁This ▁could ▁include ▁term ination ▁of ▁their ▁license ▁to ▁practice . ▁After ▁the ▁Second ▁World ▁War , ▁prof essions ▁were ▁state ▁controlled . ▁ ▁The ▁degree ▁of ▁legisl ation ▁and ▁aut onomy ▁of ▁self - reg ulated ▁and ▁regular ▁prof essions ▁varied ▁across ▁Canada . ▁Possible ▁causes ▁include ▁soci etal ▁infrastr ucture , ▁population ▁density , ▁social ▁ide ologies , ▁and ▁political ▁mand ates . ▁Phys icians ▁and ▁engine ers ▁were ▁among ▁the ▁most ▁successful ▁at ▁professional ization ▁of ▁their ▁work . ▁ ▁Medicine ▁was ▁consist ently ▁reg ulated ▁before ▁the ▁conf eder ation . ▁Medicine ▁and ▁engineering ▁became ▁self - reg ulated ▁and ▁had ▁their ▁regul atory ▁legisl ation ▁alter ed