oph agy . ▁In ▁addition , ▁Th ors ness ▁and ▁Campbell ▁found ▁that ▁by ▁dis ruption ▁of ▁p ep 4 , ▁the ▁frequency ▁of ▁m t D NA ▁escape ▁in ▁y me 1 ▁stra ins ▁decre ases . ▁Similarly , ▁the ▁dis ruption ▁of ▁P RC 1 , ▁which ▁enc odes ▁car box ype pt id ase ▁Y , ▁low ers ▁the ▁rate ▁of ▁m t D NA ▁escape ▁in ▁y me 1 ▁ye ast . ▁Ev idence ▁shows ▁that ▁mit oph agy ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁possible ▁ways ▁for ▁m t D NA ▁transfer ▁into ▁the ▁nucle us ▁and ▁determined ▁to ▁be ▁the ▁most ▁supported ▁path way ▁up ▁to ▁now . ▁Some ▁other ▁possible ▁path ways ▁are ▁shown ▁in ▁figure ▁ 1 . ▁The ▁first ▁path way , ▁as ▁it ▁was ▁explained , ▁is ▁a ▁y me 1 mut ant ▁that ▁results ▁in ▁in activ ation ▁of ▁Y Me 1 p ▁protein , ▁a ▁mit och ond rial - local ized ▁ATP - dependent ▁metal lo prote in ase , ▁leading ▁to ▁high ▁escape ▁rate ▁of ▁m t D NA ▁to ▁the ▁nucle us . ▁M ito ch ond ria ▁of ▁y me 1 ▁stra in ▁are ▁taken ▁up ▁for ▁de grad ation ▁by ▁the ▁vac u ole ▁more ▁frequently ▁than ▁the ▁wild - type ▁stra in . ▁Moreover , ▁c yt ological ▁investig ations ▁have ▁suggested ▁several ▁other ▁possible ▁path ways ▁in ▁the ▁diverse ▁number ▁of ▁species , ▁including ▁a ▁l ysis ▁of ▁the ▁mit och ond rial ▁compart ment ,