▁of ▁the ▁provincial ▁tax ▁reven ues ▁to ▁Dam asc us , ▁the ▁cal i ph ▁let ▁his ▁govern ors ▁rule ▁with ▁practical ▁independence . ▁After ▁al - M ug hi ra ' s ▁death ▁in ▁ 6 7 0 , ▁Mu ' aw i ya ▁attached ▁K uf a ▁and ▁its ▁dependencies ▁to ▁the ▁governor ship ▁of ▁Bas ra , ▁making ▁Z iy ad ▁the ▁practical ▁vic ero y ▁over ▁the ▁eastern ▁half ▁of ▁the ▁C ali ph ate . ▁After ward , ▁Z iy ad ▁launched ▁a ▁concert ed ▁campaign ▁to ▁firm ly ▁establish ▁Arab ▁rule ▁in ▁the ▁massive ▁Kh uras an ▁region ▁east ▁of ▁Iran ▁and ▁restart ▁the ▁Muslim ▁con quest s ▁in ▁the ▁surrounding ▁areas . ▁Not ▁long ▁after ▁Z iy ad ' s ▁death , ▁he ▁was ▁succeeded ▁by ▁his ▁son ▁U bay d ▁Al lah . ▁Meanwhile , ▁Am r ▁ibn ▁al - As ▁ruled ▁Egypt ▁from ▁the ▁provincial ▁capital ▁of ▁F ust at ▁as ▁a ▁virtual ▁partner ▁of ▁Mu ' aw i ya ▁until ▁his ▁death ▁in ▁ 6 6 3 , ▁after ▁which ▁loyal ist ▁govern ors ▁were ▁appointed ▁and ▁the ▁province ▁became ▁a ▁practical ▁append age ▁of ▁Sy ria . ▁Under ▁Mu ' aw i ya ' s ▁direction , ▁the ▁Muslim ▁con quest ▁of ▁If ri qi ya ▁( central ▁North ▁Africa ) ▁was ▁launched ▁by ▁the ▁commander ▁U q ba ▁ibn ▁N af i ▁in ▁ 6 7 0 , ▁which ▁extended ▁Um ay y ad ▁control ▁as ▁far ▁as ▁By z ac