▁and ▁his ▁wife ▁Soph ie ▁Charlotte ▁of ▁Old enburg ▁visited ▁J aff a ▁and ▁Im manuel ▁Church , ▁where ▁they ▁were ▁received ▁by ▁Past or ▁Z eller . ▁ ▁World ▁War ▁I ▁( 1 9 1 4 - 1 9 1 7 ) ▁After ▁the ▁out break ▁of ▁World ▁War ▁I ▁the ▁Sub lime ▁Por te ▁de ▁fact o ▁abol ished ▁the ▁personal ▁ex ter rit orial ity ▁and ▁cons ular ▁juris diction ▁for ▁foreign ers ▁according ▁to ▁Capit ulations ▁of ▁the ▁Ott oman ▁Empire ▁on ▁ 7 ▁September ▁ 1 9 1 4 . ▁Many ▁young ▁male ▁parish ion ers ▁left ▁J aff a ▁to ▁join ▁the ▁German ▁Imperial ▁Army . ▁R aben au ▁accompanied ▁them ▁to ▁serve ▁as ▁military ▁chap lain . ▁The ▁Pr uss ian ▁Evangel ical ▁Supreme ▁E cc les iast ical ▁Council ▁ordered ▁his ▁return ▁in ▁October . ▁His ▁wife ▁and ▁their ▁two ▁sons ▁moved ▁to ▁Germany ▁for ▁the ▁duration ▁of ▁the ▁war . ▁ ▁The ▁Ott oman ▁authorities ▁forced ▁all ▁enemy ▁mission ary ▁institutions ▁to ▁close ▁in ▁October ▁ 1 9 1 4 ▁and ▁many ▁mission ary ▁pup ils ▁then ▁joined ▁the ▁joint ▁Evangel ical - Tem pler ▁school ▁of ▁J aff a . ▁Their ▁prem ises ▁were ▁conf isc ated ▁for ▁military ▁purposes . ▁In ▁November ▁ 1 9 1 4 ▁the ▁Ott oman ▁Sultan ▁Me h med ▁V ▁declared ▁in ▁his ▁function ▁as ▁C ali ph ▁the ▁J ih ad , ▁which ▁ar oused ▁fear ▁for ▁anti - Christ ian ▁at roc ities ▁among ▁the