▁someone ' s ▁race , ▁indicating ▁that ▁society ▁should ▁be ▁class - cons cious , ▁not ▁race - cons cious . ▁ ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁Justice ▁Clar ence ▁Thomas , ▁the ▁only ▁current ▁black ▁Justice , ▁supports ▁color - bl ind ▁policies . ▁He ▁bel ieves ▁the ▁Equ al ▁Prote ction ▁Cla use ▁of ▁the ▁Four teenth ▁Am end ment ▁forb ids ▁consideration ▁of ▁race , ▁such ▁as ▁race - based ▁aff irm ative ▁action ▁or ▁prefer ential ▁treatment . ▁He ▁bel ieves ▁that ▁race - orient ed ▁programs ▁create ▁" a ▁cult ▁of ▁victim ization " ▁and ▁imply ▁black s ▁require ▁" special ▁treatment ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁succeed ". ▁ ▁Crit ic ism ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁Les lie ▁G . ▁Car r ▁published ▁Color - Bl ind ▁R ac ism ▁which ▁review ed ▁the ▁history ▁of ▁rac ist ▁ide ologies ▁in ▁America . ▁She ▁saw ▁" color - bl ind ness " ▁as ▁an ▁ide ology ▁that ▁under cut s ▁the ▁legal ▁and ▁political ▁foundation ▁of ▁integration ▁and ▁aff irm ative ▁action . ▁Steph anie ▁M . ▁Wild man , ▁in ▁her ▁book ▁Priv ile ge ▁Re ve aled : ▁How ▁In visible ▁Pre ference ▁Und erm ines ▁America , ▁writes ▁that ▁many ▁Americans ▁who ▁advoc ate ▁a ▁mer it - based , ▁race - free ▁world view ▁do ▁not ▁acknow ledge ▁the ▁systems ▁of ▁privile ge ▁which ▁benefit ▁them . ▁For ▁example , ▁many ▁Americans ▁rely ▁on ▁a ▁social ▁and ▁sometimes ▁even ▁financial ▁inheritance ▁from ▁previous ▁gener ations