9 4 7 ) ▁was ▁an ▁English ▁sur geon ▁known ▁for ▁the ▁Mil es ' ▁operation : ▁an ▁ab dom ino - per ine al ▁exc ision ▁for ▁rect al ▁cancer . ▁ ▁S ources ▁differ ▁as ▁to ▁whether ▁Mil es ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Tr in idad ▁or ▁in ▁U pping ham , ▁England . ▁He ▁received ▁his ▁medical ▁education ▁at ▁St ▁Bar th ol ome w ' s ▁Hospital , ▁from ▁where ▁he ▁graduated ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 1 . ▁At ▁age ▁ 2 5 , ▁he ▁became ▁a ▁fellow ▁of ▁the ▁Royal ▁College ▁of ▁Sur ge ons ▁of ▁England . ▁ ▁Form er ly , ▁surg ery ▁for ▁rect al ▁cancer ▁was ▁by ▁per ine al ▁exc ision , ▁which ▁was ▁less ▁efficient ▁in ▁removing ▁ne op last ic ▁t issue ▁but ▁easier ▁to ▁perform ▁and ▁carried ▁less ▁ris ks ▁for ▁the ▁patient . ▁Mil es ▁studied ▁the ▁reasons ▁for ▁rec urrence ▁following ▁per ine al ▁res ection ▁and ▁showed ▁that ▁many ▁cases ▁involved ▁the ▁up wards ▁spread ▁of ▁cancer . ▁His ▁approach ▁was ▁to ▁combine ▁surg ery ▁via ▁the ▁per ine um ▁with ▁surg ery ▁from ▁above ▁the ▁cancer ▁via ▁the ▁ab d omen , ▁known ▁as ▁ab dom ino - per ine al ▁res ection . ▁Mil es ▁perfect ed ▁this ▁technique ▁over ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁years ▁from ▁ 1 9 0 7 , ▁eventually ▁ach ieving ▁long ▁term ▁rem issions ▁and ▁gain ing ▁the ▁accept ance ▁of ▁other ▁sur ge ons . ▁Mil es ' ▁operation ▁became