ants ▁( ), ▁and ▁five ▁more ▁which ▁represent ▁sounds ▁not ▁found ▁in ▁Sh an , ▁g , ▁z , ▁b , ▁d ▁and ▁th ▁( ▁as ▁in ▁" th in "). ▁ ▁These ▁five ▁() ▁are ▁quite ▁rare . ▁ ▁In ▁addition , ▁most ▁edit ors ▁include ▁a ▁dummy ▁con son ant ▁used ▁to ▁support ▁leading ▁v ow els . ▁A ▁text book ▁may ▁therefore ▁present ▁ 1 8 - 2 4 ▁con son ants . ▁ ▁The ▁representation ▁of ▁the ▁v ow els ▁depends ▁partly ▁on ▁whether ▁the ▁sy ll able ▁has ▁a ▁final ▁con son ant . ▁They ▁have ▁been ▁arranged ▁in ▁a ▁manner ▁to ▁show ▁the ▁logical ▁relationships ▁between ▁the ▁med ial ▁and ▁the ▁final ▁forms , ▁and ▁between ▁the ▁individual ▁v ow els ▁and ▁the ▁v owel ▁clusters ▁they ▁help ▁form . ▁ ▁The ▁t ones ▁are ▁indicated ▁by ▁tone ▁markers ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁sy ll able ▁( re present ed ▁by ▁a ▁dash ▁in ▁the ▁following ▁table ), ▁namely : ▁ ▁While ▁the ▁reform ed ▁script ▁originally ▁used ▁only ▁four ▁dia crit ic ▁tone ▁markers , ▁equivalent ▁to ▁the ▁five ▁t ones ▁spoken ▁in ▁the ▁southern ▁dialect , ▁the ▁L ash io - based ▁Sh an ▁Liter ature ▁and ▁Culture ▁Association ▁now , ▁for ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁words , ▁prom otes ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁the ▁' y ak ▁k h uen ' ▁to ▁denote ▁the ▁sixth ▁tone ▁as ▁pron ounced ▁in ▁the ▁north . ▁ ▁Two ▁other ▁scripts ▁are ▁also ▁still ▁used ▁to ▁some ▁extent .