▁( 2 0 9 ▁BC – 9 3 ▁AD ) ▁and ▁Mong ol ian ▁X ian bei ▁state ▁( 9 3 – 2 3 4 ), ▁R our an ▁Kh agan ate ▁( 3 3 0 – 5 5 5 ), ▁Mong ol ▁Empire ▁( 1 2 0 6 – 1 3 6 8 ), ▁Northern ▁Y uan ▁( 1 3 6 8 – 1 6 9 1 ), ▁K hot go id ▁Khan ate ▁and ▁Z ung har ▁Khan ate ▁( 1 6 3 4 – 1 7 5 8 ). ▁Med ieval ▁Mong ol ▁tribes , ▁including ▁O ir ats ▁and ▁T um eds , ▁inhab ited ▁areas ▁which ▁are ▁now ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Tu van ▁republic . ▁ ▁From ▁ 1 7 5 8 – 1 9 1 1 ▁it ▁was ▁part ▁of ▁Mong olia ▁which ▁was ▁under ▁Man ch u ▁rule ▁itself . ▁During ▁the ▁ 1 9 1 1 ▁revolution ▁in ▁China , ▁Ts ar ist ▁Russia ▁formed ▁a ▁separ at ist ▁movement ▁among ▁the ▁T uv ans . ▁Ts ar ▁Nicholas ▁II ▁agreed ▁to ▁the ▁third ▁pet ition ▁by ▁Tu va ' s ▁leadership ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 2 , ▁establish ing ▁prote ctor ate ▁over ▁the ▁then ▁independent ▁state . ▁Some ▁Rus si ans , ▁such ▁as ▁mer ch ants , ▁trav ellers , ▁and ▁expl or ers ▁were ▁already ▁settled ▁in ▁Tu va ▁at ▁that ▁time . ▁Tu va ▁became ▁nomin ally ▁independent ▁as ▁the ▁Ur jan ch ai ▁Republic ▁before ▁being ▁brought ▁under