▁such ▁analyt ical ▁framework ▁is ▁the ▁sust ain ability ▁bal anced ▁score card ▁model . ▁Using ▁the ▁popular ▁bal anced ▁score card ▁framework ▁as ▁its ▁basis , ▁the ▁sust ain ability ▁bal anced ▁score card ▁model ▁requires ▁new ▁data ▁for ▁sust ain ability , ▁which ▁can ▁be ▁obtained ▁through ▁e co - e ffic iency ▁analysis . ▁E co - e ffic iency ▁analysis ▁obser ves ▁the ▁caus al ▁relationship ▁between ▁economic ▁value ▁creation ▁and ▁environmental ▁impact ▁added ▁through ▁two ▁forms ▁of ▁assess ment : ▁lif ecycle ▁invent ories ▁and ▁lif ecycle ▁impact . ▁These ▁assess ments ▁connect ▁the ▁bal anced ▁score card ▁to ▁corpor ate ▁environmental ▁account ing ▁systems ▁by ▁joining ▁different ▁model ing ▁processes . ▁This ▁method ▁obser ves ▁the ▁relationships ▁between ▁the ▁social , ▁environmental , ▁and ▁economic ▁dimensions . ▁ ▁Another ▁analyt ical ▁framework ▁that ▁mon itors ▁and ▁tracks ▁corpor ate ▁performance ▁is ▁the ▁sust ain ability ▁evaluation ▁and ▁reporting ▁system ▁( SER S ). ▁Develop ed ▁by ▁the ▁Research ▁Centre ▁of ▁B oc con i ▁University ▁on ▁R isk , ▁Security , ▁Occ up ational ▁Health ▁and ▁Saf ety , ▁Environment ▁and ▁Cris is ▁Management ▁( SP ACE ), ▁S ERS ▁was ▁developed ▁to ▁address ▁the ▁challeng es ▁faced ▁by ▁organizations ▁when ▁man aging ▁various ▁st ake holder ▁relationships . ▁S ERS ▁comp iles ▁various ▁management ▁tools ▁( e . g . ▁key ▁performance ▁indic ators , ▁environmental ▁reporting , ▁and ▁social ▁reporting ) ▁to ▁create ▁an ▁inclus ive ▁model . ▁S ERS ▁is ▁composed ▁of ▁three ▁modules