rupt ing ▁their ▁traditional ▁way ▁of ▁life . ▁The ▁mission aries ▁introduced ▁European ▁f ruits , ▁veget ables , ▁cattle , ▁horses , ▁ran ch ing , ▁and ▁technology . ▁The ▁miss ions ▁have ▁been ▁accused ▁by ▁critics , ▁then ▁and ▁now , ▁of ▁various ▁ab uses ▁and ▁opp ression . ▁In ▁the ▁end , ▁the ▁miss ions ▁had ▁mixed ▁results ▁in ▁their ▁object ives : ▁to ▁convert , ▁educ ate , ▁and ▁transform ▁the ▁native ▁pe op les ▁into ▁Spanish ▁colonial ▁citizens . ▁ ▁By ▁ 1 8 1 0 , ▁Spain ' s ▁king ▁had ▁been ▁imprison ed ▁by ▁the ▁French , ▁and ▁finan cing ▁for ▁military ▁pay roll ▁and ▁miss ions ▁in ▁California ▁ceased . ▁In ▁ 1 8 2 1 , ▁Mexico ▁achieved ▁independence ▁from ▁Spain , ▁although ▁Mexico ▁did ▁not ▁send ▁a ▁governor ▁to ▁California ▁until ▁ 1 8 2 4 , ▁and ▁only ▁a ▁portion ▁of ▁pay roll ▁was ▁ever ▁re inst ated ▁( ib id .). ▁ ▁The ▁ 2 1 , 0 0 0 ▁Mission ▁Indians ▁produced ▁hide , ▁t allow , ▁w ool , ▁and ▁text iles ▁at ▁this ▁time , ▁and ▁the ▁le ather ▁products ▁were ▁export ed ▁to ▁Boston , ▁South ▁America , ▁and ▁Asia . ▁This ▁trad ing ▁system ▁sust ained ▁the ▁colonial ▁economy ▁from ▁ 1 8 1 0 ▁until ▁ 1 8 3 0 . ▁The ▁miss ions ▁began ▁to ▁lose ▁control ▁over ▁land ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 8 2 0 s , ▁as ▁un pa id ▁military ▁men