▁are ▁performed ▁at ▁the ▁beh est ▁of ▁the ▁individual , ▁for ▁personal , ▁sexual , ▁a est h etic ▁or ▁cultural ▁reasons . ▁Pen ile ▁sub inc ision , ▁or ▁splitting ▁of ▁the ▁unders ide ▁of ▁the ▁pen is , ▁is ▁w ides p read ▁in ▁the ▁traditional ▁cult ures ▁of ▁Ind igen ous ▁Austral ians . ▁This ▁procedure ▁has ▁taken ▁root ▁in ▁Western ▁body ▁modification ▁culture , ▁the ▁modern ▁primit ives . ▁Me at ot omy ▁is ▁a ▁form ▁that ▁involves ▁splitting ▁of ▁the ▁gl ans ▁pen is ▁alone , ▁while ▁b ise ction ▁is ▁a ▁more ▁extreme ▁form ▁that ▁spl its ▁the ▁pen is ▁entirely ▁in ▁half . ▁ ▁Gen ital ▁pier c ings ▁and ▁gen ital ▁t atto o ing ▁may ▁be ▁performed ▁for ▁a est h etic ▁reasons , ▁but ▁pier c ings ▁have ▁the ▁benefit ▁of ▁increasing ▁sexual ▁pleasure ▁for ▁the ▁pier ced ▁individual ▁or ▁their ▁sex ▁partners . ▁ ▁Similarly , ▁Pear ling ▁involves ▁surg ical ▁insert ion ▁of ▁small , ▁in ert ▁spher es ▁under ▁the ▁skin ▁along ▁the ▁sh aft ▁of ▁the ▁pen is ▁for ▁the ▁purpose ▁of ▁providing ▁sexual ▁stim ulation ▁to ▁the ▁walls ▁of ▁the ▁v ag ina . ▁Similar ▁to ▁t atto o ing , ▁gen ital ▁scar ification ▁is ▁primarily ▁done ▁for ▁a est h etic ▁reasons ▁by ▁adding ▁cos met ic ▁sc ars ▁to ▁the ▁skin . ▁The ▁gen ital ▁decor ation ▁by ▁sc ars ▁is ▁an ▁ancient ▁tradition ▁in ▁many ▁cult ures , ▁both ▁for ▁men ▁and ▁women .