! ▁( The ▁power ▁is ▁our s ! )" ▁from ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 9 5 0 s ▁on ward . ▁ ▁The ▁modern ▁American ▁concept ▁emer ged ▁from ▁the ▁Civil ▁Rights ▁Mov ement ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 9 6 0 s . ▁Begin ning ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 9 , ▁Robert ▁F . ▁Will ams , ▁president ▁of ▁the ▁Mon roe , ▁North ▁Carolina ▁chapter ▁of ▁the ▁NA AC P , ▁open ly ▁question ed ▁the ▁ide ology ▁of ▁non vi ol ence ▁and ▁its ▁dom ination ▁of ▁the ▁movement ' s ▁strategy . ▁Williams ▁was ▁supported ▁by ▁ ▁prominent ▁leaders ▁such ▁as ▁El la ▁Baker ▁and ▁James ▁Form an , ▁and ▁opposed ▁by ▁others , ▁such ▁as ▁Roy ▁Wil kins ▁( the ▁national ▁NA AC P ▁chairman ) ▁and ▁Martin ▁Luther ▁King ▁Jr . ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 1 , ▁May a ▁Angel ou , ▁L ero i ▁Jones , ▁and ▁Ma e ▁Mall ory ▁led ▁a ▁ri ot ous ▁( and ▁widely ▁covered ) ▁demonstr ation ▁at ▁the ▁United ▁Nations ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁protest ▁against ▁the ▁assass ination ▁of ▁Pat rice ▁L um um ba . ▁ ▁Mal col m ▁X , ▁national ▁representative ▁of ▁the ▁Nation ▁of ▁Islam , ▁also ▁launched ▁an ▁extended ▁critique ▁of ▁non vi ol ence ▁and ▁integration ism ▁at ▁this ▁time . ▁ ▁After ▁seeing ▁the ▁increasing ▁milit ancy ▁of ▁black s ▁in ▁the ▁w ake ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 6 th ▁Street ▁Bapt ist ▁Church ▁bomb ing , ▁and ▁we ary