2 0 1 9 . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁U . S . ▁Im m igration ▁and ▁Custom s ▁En for cement ▁was ▁formed ▁under ▁the ▁Hom eland ▁Security ▁Act ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 2 , ▁following ▁the ▁events ▁of ▁September ▁ 1 1 , ▁ 2 0 0 1 . ▁With ▁the ▁establishment ▁of ▁the ▁Department ▁of ▁Hom eland ▁Security , ▁the ▁functions ▁and ▁juris dict ions ▁of ▁several ▁border ▁and ▁re venue ▁enfor cement ▁ag encies ▁were ▁combined ▁and ▁cons olid ated ▁into ▁U . S . ▁Im m igration ▁and ▁Custom s ▁En for cement . ▁Con sequently , ▁I CE ▁is ▁the ▁largest ▁investig ative ▁arm ▁of ▁the ▁Department ▁of ▁Hom eland ▁Security ▁and ▁the ▁second ▁largest ▁contrib utor ▁to ▁the ▁F BI ' s ▁J oint ▁T error ism ▁Task ▁Force . ▁ ▁The ▁ag encies ▁that ▁were ▁either ▁moved ▁entirely ▁or ▁merged ▁in ▁part ▁into ▁I CE ▁included ▁the ▁criminal ▁investig ative ▁and ▁intelligence ▁resources ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Custom s ▁Service , ▁the ▁criminal ▁investig ative , ▁det ention ▁and ▁deport ation ▁resources ▁of ▁the ▁Im m igration ▁and ▁Natural ization ▁Service , ▁and ▁the ▁Federal ▁Prote ct ive ▁Service . ▁The ▁Federal ▁Prote ct ive ▁Service ▁was ▁later ▁transferred ▁from ▁I CE ▁to ▁the ▁National ▁Prote ction ▁and ▁Program s ▁Director ate ▁effective ▁October ▁ 2 8 , ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁As a ▁H utch inson ▁moved ▁the ▁Federal ▁Air ▁Marsh als ▁Service ▁from ▁the