▁was ▁a ▁diplom atic ▁historian . ▁ ▁Born ▁in ▁S my r na , ▁Al bre cht - Car ri é ▁was ▁educated ▁at ▁Columbia ▁University , ▁where ▁he ▁gained ▁an ▁AB ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 3 ▁and ▁a ▁Ph D ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 8 . ▁He ▁spent ▁his ▁academic ▁career ▁as ▁Professor ▁of ▁History ▁at ▁Bar n ard ▁College ▁( 1 9 4 5 – 1 9 6 9 ) ▁and ▁at ▁Columbia ' s ▁School ▁of ▁International ▁Affairs ▁( 1 9 5 3 – 1 9 6 9 ). ▁ ▁His ▁book ▁Italy ▁at ▁the ▁Paris ▁Peace ▁Conference ▁won ▁the ▁George ▁Louis ▁Be er ▁Prize ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 8 ▁and ▁his ▁The ▁Mean ing ▁of ▁the ▁First ▁World ▁War ▁won ▁the ▁Mid ▁Atlantic ▁States ▁Association ' s ▁Medal . ▁ ▁Works ▁Italy ▁at ▁the ▁Paris ▁Peace ▁Conference ▁( New ▁York : ▁Columbia ▁University ▁Press , ▁ 1 9 3 8 ). ▁Italy ▁from ▁Napoleon ▁to ▁M uss ol ini ▁( New ▁York : ▁Columbia ▁University ▁Press , ▁ 1 9 5 0 ). ▁A ▁Diplom atic ▁History ▁of ▁Europe ▁Since ▁the ▁Congress ▁of ▁Vienna ▁( New ▁York : ▁Har per ▁and ▁Row , ▁ 1 9 5 8 ; ▁rev . ▁ed . ▁ 1 9 7 3 ). ▁France , ▁Europe ▁and ▁the ▁World ▁Wars ▁( G ene va : ▁D roz , ▁ 1 9 6 0 ; ▁New ▁York : ▁Har per ▁and ▁Row , ▁ 1 9 6 1 ; ▁Green wood