▁system ▁is ▁reduced ▁into ▁a ▁port able ▁device ▁composed ▁of ▁a ▁signal ▁generator , ▁an ▁I / O ▁board , ▁and ▁a ▁console ▁containing ▁the ▁actu ators ▁( external ▁loads ) ▁to ▁be ▁connected ▁to ▁the ▁EC U . ▁ ▁Rad ar ▁H IL ▁simulation ▁for ▁rad ar ▁systems ▁have ▁evol ved ▁from ▁rad ar - j am ming . ▁Digital ▁Radio ▁Fre quency ▁Memory ▁( DR FM ) ▁systems ▁are ▁typically ▁used ▁to ▁create ▁false ▁targets ▁to ▁conf use ▁the ▁rad ar ▁in ▁the ▁battle field , ▁but ▁these ▁same ▁systems ▁can ▁simulate ▁a ▁target ▁in ▁the ▁labor atory . ▁This ▁configuration ▁allows ▁for ▁the ▁testing ▁and ▁evaluation ▁of ▁the ▁rad ar ▁system , ▁reducing ▁the ▁need ▁for ▁flight ▁tri als ▁( for ▁air bor ne ▁rad ar ▁systems ) ▁and ▁field ▁tests ▁( for ▁search ▁or ▁tracking ▁rad ars ), ▁and ▁can ▁give ▁an ▁early ▁indic ation ▁to ▁the ▁sus cept ibility ▁of ▁the ▁rad ar ▁to ▁electronic ▁war fare ▁( E W ) ▁techniques . ▁ ▁Rob ot ics ▁Te chni ques ▁for ▁H IL ▁simulation ▁have ▁been ▁recently ▁applied ▁to ▁the ▁automatic ▁generation ▁of ▁complex ▁controllers ▁for ▁rob ots . ▁A ▁robot ▁uses ▁its ▁own ▁real ▁hardware ▁to ▁extract ▁sens ation ▁and ▁actu ation ▁data , ▁then ▁uses ▁this ▁data ▁to ▁infer ▁a ▁physical ▁simulation ▁( self - model ) ▁containing ▁aspects ▁such ▁as ▁its ▁own ▁morph ology ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁characteristics ▁of ▁the ▁environment . ▁ ▁Alg orithms ▁such ▁as ▁Back - to - Re ality ▁( B