ship ▁decl ares : ▁" We ▁know ▁that ▁the ▁Q um ran ▁Ess enes ▁copied , ▁studied , ▁and ▁val ued ▁the ▁writ ings ▁and ▁teach ings ▁as cribed ▁to ▁En och " ▁( V ander K am , ▁ 2 0 0 8 / 1 9 9 5 , ▁p .   1 4 3 ). ▁The ▁Q um ran ▁discover ies ▁decided ly ▁ruled ▁out ▁any ▁possibility ▁that ▁the ▁Man iche ans ▁were ▁the ▁compos ers ▁of ▁the ▁Book ▁of ▁Gi ants , ▁for ▁their ▁work ▁followed ▁later . ▁ ▁However , ▁the ▁historical ▁transmission ▁of ▁ 1 ▁En och ▁assumes ▁that ▁the ▁basis ▁of ▁the ▁text ▁must ▁like wise ▁fall ▁to ▁unknown ▁authors , ▁or ▁tend ▁to ▁the ▁idea ▁that ▁it ▁was ▁a ▁pse ude p ig raph on ▁text . ▁For ▁some ▁sch ol ars , ▁this ▁l ends ▁itself , ▁as ▁such ▁texts ▁invari ably ▁have , ▁to ▁question ing ▁the ▁original ity ▁and ▁legit im acy ▁of ▁the ▁book . ▁But ▁bearing ▁in ▁mind ▁the ▁eleven ▁En och ic ▁manuscript s ▁discovered ▁at ▁Q um ran , ▁which ▁contain ▁one ▁or ▁several ▁of ▁the ▁various ▁En och ic ▁' book lets ' ▁known ▁there ▁— ▁tot als ▁" high er ▁than ▁for ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁books ▁that ▁became ▁parts ▁of ▁the ▁Heb rew ▁Bible ▁or ▁Old ▁Testament ," ▁and ▁recall ing ▁also ▁" the ▁cost ▁and ▁labor ▁involved ▁in ▁producing ▁a ▁manuscript ▁in ▁anti qu ity " ▁— ▁such ▁in ordinate ▁numbers ▁representing ▁the ▁En och ic