, ▁despite ▁all ▁the ▁available ▁advanced ▁techn ologies , ▁it ▁remains ▁to ▁be ▁determined ▁whether ▁NUM T ▁trans position ▁differences ▁exist ▁between ▁circular ▁and ▁linear ▁m t DN As . ▁ ▁These ▁difficulties ▁to ▁detect ▁the ▁presence ▁of ▁NUM T ▁can ▁be ▁problem atic . ▁Trans located ▁mit och ond rial ▁sequences ▁in ▁the ▁nuclear ▁gen ome ▁have ▁the ▁potential ▁to ▁get ▁ampl ified ▁in ▁addition ▁to , ▁or ▁even ▁instead ▁of , ▁the ▁authentic ▁target ▁m t D NA ▁sequence ▁which ▁can ▁seriously ▁conf ound ▁population ▁gen etic ▁and ▁ph y log en etic ▁anal ys es ▁since ▁m t D NA ▁has ▁been ▁widely ▁used ▁for ▁population ▁mapping , ▁evolution ary ▁and ▁ph y log en ic ▁studies , ▁species ▁identification ▁by ▁DNA ▁bar code , ▁diagn osis ▁of ▁various ▁path ologies , ▁and ▁for ens ic ▁medicine . ▁This ▁simultane ous ▁ampl ification ▁of ▁NUM T ▁with ▁free ▁extra chrom os om al ▁m t D NA , ▁addition ally , ▁prevents ▁one ▁from ▁determ ining ▁the ▁exact ▁number ▁of ▁NUM T ▁fragments ▁in ▁the ▁gen ome ▁of ▁different ▁organ isms , ▁such ▁as ▁A edes ▁a egy pt i ▁mos qu ito es , ▁especially ▁those ▁in ▁which ▁extended ▁trans location ▁of ▁m t D NA ▁fragments ▁occur . ▁This ▁makes ▁the ▁diagn osis ▁of ▁certain ▁mit och ond rial ▁dis orders ▁challeng ing . ▁For ▁instance , ▁a ▁large ▁NUM T ▁pseud ogene ▁was ▁found ▁on ▁chrom os ome ▁ 1 , ▁while ▁more ▁recent ▁analysis ▁of ▁the