▁charged ▁or ▁applying ▁directly ▁to ▁any ▁real ▁transaction . ▁Yet , ▁these ▁not ional ▁prices ▁can ▁never theless ▁influence ▁economic ▁behaviour , ▁in asm uch ▁as ▁the ▁prices ▁estimated ▁affect ▁expect ations ▁of ▁in comes ▁and ▁exp end it ures . ▁ ▁Econom ists ▁then ▁debate ▁about ▁when ▁a ▁price ▁can ▁be ▁said ▁to ▁be ▁" object ive ". ▁ ▁Marx ▁arg ues ▁that ▁products ▁have ▁different ▁objective ▁costs ▁of ▁production , ▁redu cible ▁to ▁different ▁amounts ▁of ▁labour - time . ▁Again st ▁this ▁view , ▁one ▁could ▁also ▁argue ▁that ▁the ▁physical ▁amounts ▁of ▁compar able ▁resources ▁( such ▁as ▁energy , ▁land , ▁water , ▁etc .), ▁necessary ▁to ▁manufact ure ▁a ▁car , ▁are ▁much ▁larger ▁than ▁resources ▁necessary ▁for ▁growing ▁a ▁car rot , ▁explaining ▁why ▁the ▁cost ▁( and , ▁hence , ▁minimal ▁price ) ▁of ▁a ▁car ▁is ▁larger ▁than ▁the ▁cost ▁of ▁a ▁car rot . ▁In ▁other ▁words , ▁it ▁is ▁the ▁total ▁input ▁costs ▁( including ▁costs ▁of ▁labour ), ▁not ▁the ▁amount ▁of ▁labour ▁per ▁se , ▁which ▁create ▁the ▁difference ▁in ▁costs ▁( and , ▁therefore ▁minimal ▁equilibrium ▁prices ) ▁of ▁the ▁goods . ▁However , ▁Marx ▁arg ues ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁chap ters ▁of ▁Das ▁Kap ital ▁that ▁most ▁of ▁such ▁costs ▁( i . e . ▁in so far ▁as ▁they ▁refer ▁to ▁reprodu cible ▁goods ) ▁are ▁again ▁redu cible ▁to ▁direct ▁and ▁indirect ▁costs ▁in ▁human ▁labour ▁time . ▁When ▁we ▁see ▁a ▁car , ▁we ▁do