▁when ▁Jag at ▁Singh ▁was ▁sent ▁to ▁rescue ▁them , ▁he ▁was ▁also ▁imprison ed . ▁Bank im ▁Ch andra ▁heard ▁the ▁story ▁when ▁he ▁was ▁ 1 9 ▁years ▁old ▁and ▁after ▁a ▁few ▁years ▁he ▁wrote ▁D urg es hn and ini . ▁ ▁Bank im ▁Ch andra ▁himself ▁dismiss ed ▁any ▁pres umption ▁of ▁whether ▁his ▁novel ▁was ▁influenced ▁by ▁Ivan ho e , ▁stating ▁he ▁never ▁read ▁Scott ’ s ▁rom ance ▁before ▁writing ▁D urg es hn and ini . ▁As it ▁K umar ▁Band y op ad hy ay ▁also ▁wrote ▁that ▁apart ▁from ▁the ▁love - triangle ▁between ▁Jag at ▁Singh , ▁A yes ha ▁and ▁T il ott ama ▁which ▁closely ▁res emb les ▁that ▁of ▁Ivan ho e , ▁Reb e cca ▁and ▁Row ena ▁in ▁Ivan ho e , ▁there ▁is ▁not ▁much ▁similarity ▁between ▁the ▁two ▁nov els . ▁He ▁thus ▁concluded ▁that ▁D urg es hn and ini ▁is ▁Bank im ▁Ch andra ’ s ▁original ▁work . ▁ ▁Date ▁and ▁text ▁ 1 3 ▁ed itions ▁of ▁the ▁novel ▁were ▁published ▁during ▁the ▁lifetime ▁of ▁Bank im ▁Ch andra , ▁the ▁last ▁being ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 3 . ▁It ▁was ▁translated ▁into ▁English ▁( 1 8 8 2 ), ▁H indust ani ▁( 1 8 7 6 ), ▁H indi ▁( 1 8 8 2 ) ▁and ▁K ann ada ▁( 1 8 8 5 ). ▁It ▁was ▁first ▁adopted ▁for ▁stage ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 3