▁least ▁when ▁raw . ▁When ▁cook ed , ▁young ▁sho ots ▁are ▁commonly ▁e aten ▁in ▁southern ▁France , ▁Spain , ▁Portugal , ▁Italy ▁and ▁Cro atia . ▁ ▁Chem istry ▁ ▁The ▁rh iz ome ▁contains ▁phen anth ren es ▁( 7 - h ydro xy - 2 , 3 , 4 , 8 - t et ram eth ox y phen anth rene , ▁ 2 , 3 , 4 - trim eth ox y - 7 , 8 - m eth y len ed io xy phen anth rene , ▁ 3 - h ydro xy - 2 , 4 ,- dim eth ox y - 7 , 8 - m eth y len ed io xy phen anth rene , ▁ 2 - h ydro xy - 3 , 5 , 7 - trim eth ox y phen anth rene ▁and ▁ 2 - h ydro xy - 3 , 5 , 7 - trim eth ox y - 9 , 1 0 - d ih ydro phen anth rene ). ▁ ▁Gallery ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁commun is ▁Category : M edic inal ▁plants ▁of ▁Africa ▁Category : M edic inal ▁plants ▁of ▁Asia ▁Category : M edic inal ▁plants ▁of ▁Europe ▁Category : Po ison ous ▁plants ▁Category : Pl ants ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 7 5 3 <0x0A> </s> ▁W . ▁Donald ▁C ous ens ▁( 2 0 ▁July ▁ 1 9 3 8 ▁– ▁ 2 3 ▁February ▁ 2 0 1 7