▁during ▁the ▁strugg les ▁among ▁the ▁supp or ters ▁of ▁the ▁Republic ▁between ▁Social ists , ▁St alin ists , ▁T rot sky ists ▁and ▁An arch o - s y nd ical ists . ▁After ▁the ▁Republic ans ▁were ▁defeated ▁by ▁the ▁right - wing ▁forces ▁led ▁by ▁Francisco ▁Franco ▁he ▁went ▁into ▁ex ile , ▁living ▁in ▁Mexico ▁and ▁then ▁in ▁France . ▁In ▁ 1 9 4 9 ▁he ▁was ▁exp elled ▁from ▁the ▁Commun ist ▁party ▁for ▁his ▁Catal an ▁national ism , ▁and ▁surv ived ▁an ▁assass ination ▁attempt . ▁In ▁ 1 9 5 1 ▁he ▁moved ▁back ▁to ▁Catal onia ▁using ▁a ▁false ▁name . ▁He ▁was ▁arrested ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 4 ▁and ▁died ▁in ▁prison ▁four ▁years ▁later . ▁ ▁Early ▁years : ▁ 1 8 9 5 – 1 9 3 0 ▁ ▁Joan ▁Com or era ▁i ▁Sol er ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Cer vera , ▁Seg ar ra , ▁Catal onia ▁on ▁ 5 ▁September ▁ 1 8 9 4 . ▁He ▁took ▁a ▁teacher ' s ▁training ▁course ▁in ▁L ér ida , ▁but ▁never ▁taught . ▁In ▁ 1 9 1 3 ▁he ▁began ▁work ▁as ▁a ▁journalist , ▁acting ▁as ▁the ▁Madrid ▁correspond ent ▁of ▁the ▁newspaper ▁La ▁Public idad . ▁In ▁the ▁summer ▁of ▁ 1 9 1 3 ▁he ▁founded ▁the ▁ant ic ler ical ▁magazine ▁La ▁Esc uela ▁in ▁Cer vera . ▁In ▁ 1 9 1 4 ▁he ▁moved ▁to ▁Barcelona , ▁where ▁he