▁is ▁another ▁process ▁of ▁militar ization . ▁Before ▁World ▁War ▁II , ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁experienced ▁a ▁post - war ▁reduction ▁of ▁forces ▁after ▁major ▁conflicts , ▁reflect ing ▁American ▁susp icion ▁of ▁large ▁standing ▁arm ies . ▁After ▁World ▁War ▁II , ▁not ▁only ▁was ▁the ▁army ▁maintained , ▁but ▁the ▁National ▁Security ▁Act ▁of ▁ 1 9 4 7 ▁rest ruct ured ▁both ▁civil ian ▁and ▁military ▁leadership ▁structures , ▁establish ing ▁the ▁Department ▁of ▁Def ense ▁and ▁the ▁National ▁Security ▁Council . ▁The ▁Act ▁also ▁created ▁permanent ▁intelligence ▁structures ▁( the ▁C IA ▁et ▁al .) ▁within ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁government ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁time , ▁reflect ing ▁the ▁civil ian ▁government ' s ▁per ception ▁of ▁a ▁need ▁for ▁previously ▁military ▁based ▁intelligence ▁to ▁be ▁incorpor ated ▁into ▁the ▁structure ▁of ▁the ▁civil ian ▁state . ▁ ▁How ▁citizens hip ▁is ▁tied ▁to ▁military ▁service ▁plays ▁an ▁important ▁role ▁in ▁establish ing ▁civil - mil it ary ▁relations . ▁Count ries ▁with ▁volunte er - based ▁military ▁service ▁versus ▁universal ▁cons cription ▁have ▁a ▁different ▁mind set . ▁In ▁some ▁countries , ▁men ▁must ▁have ▁served ▁with ▁the ▁military ▁to ▁be ▁considered ▁a ▁citiz en . ▁Comp are ▁historical ▁Pr uss ia , ▁where ▁every ▁male ▁was ▁required ▁to ▁serve , ▁and ▁service ▁was ▁a ▁requirement ▁of ▁citizens hip , ▁to ▁post - V ietnam ▁America ' s ▁all - vol unte er ▁army . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁in ▁Israel , ▁military ▁service ▁is ▁mand atory