stat istic ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁|| ▁style =" text - align : right ;" ▁| ▁ 5 4 7 1 . 2 ▁| - ▁| ▁Schwar z ▁criter ion ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁|| ▁style =" text - align : right ;" ▁| ▁ 0 . 3 9 6 4 ▁| ▁col span =" 2 " ▁| ▁p - value ▁( F - stat ) ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁▁▁ ▁|| ▁style =" text - align : right ;" ▁| ▁ 0 . 0 0 0 0 ▁| } ▁ ▁In ▁this ▁table : ▁ ▁The ▁Value ▁column ▁gives ▁the ▁least ▁squares ▁estimates ▁of ▁parameters ▁ β j ▁The ▁St d ▁error ▁column ▁shows ▁standard ▁errors ▁of ▁each ▁coefficient ▁estimate : ▁▁ ▁The ▁t - stat istic ▁and ▁p - value ▁columns ▁are ▁testing ▁whether ▁any ▁of ▁the ▁coefficients ▁might ▁be ▁equal ▁to ▁zero . ▁The ▁t - stat istic ▁is ▁calculated ▁simply ▁as ▁. ▁If ▁the ▁errors ▁ ε ▁follow ▁a ▁normal ▁distribution , ▁t ▁follows ▁a ▁Student - t ▁distribution . ▁ ▁Under ▁we aker ▁conditions , ▁t ▁is ▁asympt ot ically ▁normal . ▁Lar ge ▁values ▁of ▁t ▁indicate ▁that ▁the ▁null ▁hypothesis ▁can ▁be ▁rejected ▁and ▁that ▁the ▁corresponding ▁coefficient ▁is ▁not ▁zero . ▁The ▁second ▁column , ▁p - value , ▁express es ▁the ▁results ▁of ▁the ▁hypothesis ▁test ▁as ▁a ▁significance ▁level . ▁ ▁Convention ally , ▁p - values ▁smaller ▁than ▁ 0 . 0 5 ▁are ▁taken ▁as ▁evidence ▁that ▁the ▁population ▁coefficient ▁is ▁non zero . ▁ ▁R - squ