, ▁and ▁Client - D ri ven . ▁The ▁model ▁was ▁empir ically - valid ated ▁by ▁testing ▁it ▁against ▁measures ▁of ▁client ▁trust ▁and ▁commit ment ▁as ▁concept ual ized ▁by ▁Morgan ▁and ▁H unt , ▁Christians en ▁and ▁De V an ey , ▁Sh arma ▁and ▁P atter son , ▁and ▁Sh ar pe ▁et ▁al . ▁Among ▁other ▁find ings , ▁the ▁three ▁central ▁modes ▁- ▁Data - D ri ven , ▁Policy - D ri ven , ▁and ▁Rel ations hip - D ri ven ▁- ▁were ▁found ▁to ▁be ▁the ▁most ▁powerful ▁predict ors ▁of ▁client ▁trust ▁and ▁commit ment . ▁ ▁Of ▁the ▁three , ▁the ▁Policy - D ri ven ▁mode ▁had ▁the ▁most ▁explan atory ▁power , ▁adding ▁empir ical ▁support ▁to ▁prior ▁work ▁suggesting ▁that ▁Policy - B ased ▁Fin an cial ▁Pl anning ▁is ▁the ▁most ▁effective ▁way ▁to ▁eng age ▁clients . ▁The ▁model ▁also ▁provides ▁a ▁framework ▁for ▁assess ing ▁pl anner ▁compet ency ▁in ▁terms ▁of ▁the ▁appropriate ▁balance ▁of ▁knowledge / sk ills ▁across ▁the ▁three ▁main ▁strategy - mod es . ▁Compet ency ▁in ▁all ▁three ▁modes ▁is ▁required ▁to ▁effectively ▁facil itate ▁client ▁adjust ment ▁to ▁the ▁various ▁types ▁of ▁change ▁they ▁encounter ▁( environment al , ▁vol itional , ▁and ▁life - cycle ). ▁While ▁the ▁Cert ified ▁Fin an cial ▁Pl anner ▁list ▁of ▁ 9 6 ▁topics ▁is ▁purely ▁descript ive ▁and ▁capt ures ▁what ▁pl ann ers ▁are ▁actually ▁doing , ▁the ▁Yes