▁Matt he ws . ▁African ▁American ▁Reg istry .</ ref > ▁ ▁In ▁Black ▁Red ne cks ▁and ▁White ▁Liber als , ▁Thomas ▁S ow ell ▁suggested ▁that ▁modern ▁urban ▁black ▁gh etto ▁culture ▁is ▁root ed ▁in ▁the ▁white ▁Cra cker ▁culture ▁of ▁the ▁North ▁Brit ons ▁and ▁Sc ots - I r ish ▁who ▁migr ated ▁from ▁the ▁generally ▁law less ▁border ▁regions ▁of ▁Britain ▁to ▁the ▁American ▁South , ▁where ▁they ▁formed ▁a ▁red ne ck ▁culture ▁common ▁to ▁both ▁black s ▁and ▁whites ▁in ▁the ▁ante bell um ▁South . ▁According ▁to ▁S ow ell , ▁characteristics ▁of ▁this ▁culture ▁included ▁l ively ▁music ▁and ▁dance , ▁violence , ▁un brid led ▁emot ions , ▁fl am boy ant ▁imag ery , ▁il leg it im acy , ▁religious ▁or atory ▁marked ▁by ▁str ident ▁r het or ic , ▁and ▁a ▁lack ▁of ▁emphas is ▁on ▁education ▁and ▁intellectual ▁interests . ▁ ▁Because ▁red ne ck ▁culture ▁proved ▁counter product ive , ▁" that ▁culture ▁long ▁ago ▁died ▁out ▁... ▁among ▁both ▁white ▁and ▁black ▁Southern ers , ▁while ▁still ▁surv iving ▁today ▁in ▁the ▁poor est ▁and ▁worst ▁of ▁the ▁urban ▁black ▁gh ett os ", ▁which ▁S ow ell ▁described ▁as ▁being ▁character ized ▁by ▁" b raw ling , ▁b rag g ado cio , ▁self - ind ul gence , ▁[ and ] ▁dis reg ard ▁of ▁the ▁future ", ▁and ▁where ▁" bell iger ence ▁is ▁considered ▁being ▁man ly ▁and ▁cr ud