3 '- ph osph o aden os ine - 5 '- ph osph os ulf ate ▁( P AP S ) ▁( Fig ure ▁ 1 ). ▁ ▁P AP S ▁is ▁synth es ized ▁in ▁the ▁c yt os ol ▁from ▁ATP ▁and ▁sul f ate ▁through ▁the ▁sequ ential ▁action ▁of ▁ATP ▁sul f ury l ase ▁and ▁A PS ▁kin ase . ▁ATP ▁sul f ury l ase ▁first ▁generates ▁ad en os ine - 5 '- ph osph os ulf ate ▁( AP S ) ▁and ▁then ▁A PS ▁kin ase ▁trans fers ▁a ▁ph osph ate ▁from ▁ATP ▁to ▁A PS ▁to ▁create ▁P AP S . ▁The ▁importance ▁of ▁P AP S ▁and ▁sul f ation ▁has ▁been ▁disc ern ed ▁in ▁previous ▁studies ▁by ▁using ▁ch lor ate , ▁an ▁analog ue ▁of ▁sul f ate , ▁as ▁a ▁compet itive ▁in hib itor ▁of ▁ATP ▁sul f ury l ase . ▁P AP S ▁is ▁a ▁cos ub str ate ▁and ▁source ▁of ▁activ ated ▁sul f ate ▁for ▁both ▁c yt os ol ic ▁sul f otr ans fer ases ▁and ▁car bo h yd rate ▁sul f otr ans fer ases , ▁which ▁are ▁located ▁in ▁the ▁Gol gi . ▁P AP S ▁moves ▁between ▁the ▁c yt os ol ▁and ▁the ▁Gol gi ▁l umen ▁via ▁P AP S / P AP ▁( 3 ’ - ph osph o aden os ine - 5 ’ - ph osph ate ) ▁trans loc