▁o xygen ). ▁Cer am ic ▁memb ran es ▁can ▁provide ▁high - p urity ▁o xygen ▁( 9 0 % ▁or ▁more ) ▁but ▁require ▁higher ▁temper atures ▁( 8 0 0 - 9 0 0 ▁deg ▁C ) ▁to ▁operate . ▁These ▁cer am ic ▁memb ran es ▁include ▁I on ▁Transport ▁M emb ran es ▁( IT M ) ▁and ▁O xygen ▁Transport ▁M emb ran es ▁( OT M ). ▁Air ▁Product s ▁and ▁Chem ical s ▁Inc ▁and ▁Pra x air ▁are ▁developing ▁flat ▁IT M ▁and ▁tub ular ▁O TM ▁systems , ▁. ▁ ▁M emb rane ▁gas ▁separation ▁is ▁used ▁to ▁provide ▁o xygen - po or ▁and ▁nit ro gen - rich ▁g ases ▁instead ▁of ▁air ▁to ▁fill ▁the ▁fuel ▁t anks ▁of ▁jet ▁lin ers , ▁thus ▁greatly ▁reducing ▁the ▁ch ances ▁of ▁accident al ▁fires ▁and ▁explos ions . ▁Con vers ely , ▁memb rane ▁gas ▁separation ▁is ▁currently ▁used ▁to ▁provide ▁o xygen - en rich ed ▁air ▁to ▁pil ots ▁flying ▁at ▁great ▁alt itudes ▁in ▁aircraft ▁without ▁press ur ized ▁cab ins . ▁ ▁O xygen - en rich ed ▁air ▁can ▁be ▁obtained ▁explo iting ▁the ▁different ▁sol ub ility ▁of ▁o xygen ▁and ▁nit ro gen . ▁O xygen ▁is ▁more ▁sol ub le ▁than ▁nit ro gen ▁in ▁water , ▁so ▁if ▁air ▁is ▁deg ass ed ▁from ▁water , ▁a ▁stream ▁of ▁ 3 5 % ▁o xygen ▁can ▁be ▁obtained . ▁ ▁App lications