2 0 ▁July , ▁security ▁forces ▁ab duct ed ▁and ▁det ained ▁thousands ▁of ▁Fal un ▁G ong ▁organiz ers ▁they ▁identified ▁as ▁leaders . ▁The ▁per sec ution ▁of ▁Fal un ▁G ong ▁that ▁followed ▁was ▁character ized ▁a ▁nation wide ▁campaign ▁of ▁propag anda , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁large - scale ▁arbitrary ▁imprison ment ▁and ▁co er ci ve ▁re ed uc ation ▁of ▁Fal un ▁G ong ▁organiz ers , ▁sometimes ▁resulting ▁in ▁death . ▁ ▁D eng ▁X ia op ing ▁( 1 9 0 4 – 1 9 9 7 ): ▁Chinese ▁politician . ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁param ount ▁leader ▁of ▁the ▁People ' s ▁Republic ▁of ▁China ▁from ▁ 1 9 7 8 ▁until ▁his ▁ret irement ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 9 . ▁▁ ▁Ma o ▁Z ed ong ▁( 1 8 9 3 – 1 9 7 6 ): ▁Chinese ▁military ▁and ▁political ▁leader , ▁Chair man ▁of ▁the ▁Commun ist ▁Party ▁of ▁China , ▁who ▁led ▁the ▁Commun ist ▁Party ▁of ▁China ▁to ▁victory ▁in ▁the ▁Chinese ▁Civil ▁War , ▁and ▁was ▁the ▁leader ▁of ▁the ▁People ' s ▁Republic ▁of ▁China ▁from ▁its ▁establishment ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 9 ▁until ▁his ▁death ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 6 . ▁Under ▁his ▁leadership , ▁China ▁officially ▁became ▁an ▁at he ist ▁state . ▁ ▁India ▁▁ ▁Per i yar ▁E . ▁V . ▁Ram as amy , ▁known ▁as ▁Per i yar ▁( 1 8 7 9 – 1 9 7 3