▁century ▁under ▁the ▁influence ▁of ▁the ▁scholar - art is ans ▁William ▁Morris , ▁Sir ▁Em ery ▁Walker ▁and ▁their ▁follow ers . ▁The ▁movement ▁is ▁often ▁considered ▁to ▁have ▁begun ▁with ▁the ▁found ing ▁of ▁Morris ' ▁Kel ms c ott ▁Press ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 0 , ▁following ▁a ▁lecture ▁on ▁printing ▁given ▁by ▁Walker ▁at ▁the ▁Arts ▁and ▁C raft s ▁Ex hib ition ▁Society ▁in ▁November ▁ 1 8 8 8 . ▁Morris ▁de cri ed ▁that ▁the ▁Indust rial ▁Revolution ▁had ▁ru ined ▁man ' s ▁joy ▁in ▁work ▁and ▁that ▁mechan ization , ▁to ▁the ▁extent ▁that ▁it ▁has ▁replaced ▁hand ic raft , ▁had ▁brought ▁u g lin ess ▁with ▁it . ▁Those ▁involved ▁in ▁the ▁private ▁press ▁movement ▁created ▁books ▁by ▁traditional ▁printing ▁and ▁binding ▁methods , ▁with ▁an ▁emphas is ▁on ▁the ▁book ▁as ▁a ▁work ▁of ▁art ▁and ▁manual ▁skill , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁a ▁medium ▁for ▁the ▁transmission ▁of ▁information . ▁Morris ▁was ▁greatly ▁influenced ▁by ▁medieval ▁printed ▁books ▁and ▁the ▁' K el ms c ott ▁style ' ▁had ▁a ▁great , ▁and ▁not ▁always ▁positive , ▁influence ▁on ▁later ▁private ▁press es ▁and ▁commercial ▁book - design . ▁The ▁movement ▁was ▁an ▁off sh oot ▁of ▁the ▁Arts ▁and ▁C raft s ▁movement , ▁and ▁represented ▁a ▁re jection ▁of ▁the ▁cheap ▁mechan ised ▁book - production ▁methods ▁which ▁developed ▁in ▁the ▁Victor ian ▁era . ▁The ▁books ▁were ▁made ▁with ▁high - quality ▁materials ▁( hand made ▁paper