arten ▁teachers , ▁because ▁this ▁was ▁de emed ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁" private ▁sphere ". ▁Women ▁also ▁taught ▁music ▁priv ately , ▁in ▁girl ' s ▁schools , ▁Sunday ▁schools , ▁and ▁they ▁trained ▁mus icians ▁in ▁school ▁music ▁programs . ▁By ▁the ▁turn ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 th ▁century , ▁women ▁began ▁to ▁be ▁employed ▁as ▁music ▁super vis ors ▁in ▁elementary ▁schools , ▁teachers ▁in ▁normal ▁schools ▁and ▁profess ors ▁of ▁music ▁in ▁univers ities . ▁Women ▁also ▁became ▁more ▁active ▁in ▁professional ▁organizations ▁in ▁music ▁education , ▁and ▁women ▁presented ▁papers ▁at ▁con ferences . ▁A ▁woman , ▁Frances ▁Clar ke ▁( 1 8 6 0 - 1 9 5 8 ) ▁founded ▁the ▁Music ▁Super vis ors ▁National ▁Conference ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 7 . ▁While ▁a ▁small ▁number ▁of ▁women ▁served ▁as ▁President ▁of ▁the ▁Music ▁Super vis ors ▁National ▁Conference ▁( and ▁the ▁following ▁renamed ▁versions ▁of ▁the ▁organization ▁over ▁the ▁next ▁century ) ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁ 2 0 th ▁century , ▁there ▁were ▁only ▁two ▁female ▁Pres idents ▁between ▁ 1 9 5 2 ▁and ▁ 1 9 9 2 , ▁which ▁"[ p ] oss ibly ▁reflect s ▁disc rim ination ." ▁ ▁After ▁ 1 9 9 0 , ▁however , ▁leadership ▁roles ▁for ▁women ▁in ▁the ▁organization ▁opened ▁up . ▁From ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁to ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁there ▁were ▁five ▁female ▁Pres idents ▁of ▁this ▁organization . ▁Women ▁music ▁educ ators ▁" out number