▁US ▁Cons ulate ▁in ▁Sydney , ▁the ▁City ▁of ▁Liverpool ▁established ▁a ▁mem orial ▁park , ▁the ▁L t . ▁Cant ello ▁Reserve , ▁with ▁a ▁monument ▁in ▁his ▁honour . ▁ ▁At ▁ 0 2 : 1 5 , ▁I - 2 1 ▁sh elled ▁New castle , ▁from ▁ ▁north - east ▁of ▁Stock ton ▁Beach . ▁She ▁fired ▁ 3 4 ▁shell s ▁over ▁a ▁ 1 6 - min ute ▁period , ▁including ▁eight ▁star ▁shell s . ▁The ▁target ▁of ▁the ▁attack ▁was ▁the ▁B HP ▁steel works ▁in ▁the ▁city . ▁However , ▁the ▁shell s ▁land ed ▁over ▁a ▁large ▁area , ▁causing ▁minimal ▁damage ▁and ▁no ▁fatal ities : ▁the ▁only ▁shell ▁to ▁det on ate ▁dam aged ▁a ▁house ▁on ▁Par nell ▁Place , ▁while ▁an ▁un expl oded ▁shell ▁hit ▁a ▁tram ▁termin us . ▁Fort ▁Sc r atch ley ▁returned ▁fire , ▁the ▁only ▁time ▁an ▁Australian ▁land ▁fort ification ▁has ▁fired ▁on ▁an ▁enemy ▁war ship ▁during ▁w art ime , ▁but ▁the ▁sub marine ▁escaped ▁un sc athed . ▁ ▁Analysis ▁The ▁attack ▁on ▁Sydney ▁Har bour ▁ended ▁in ▁failure ▁on ▁both ▁sides , ▁and ▁revealed ▁fla ws ▁in ▁both ▁the ▁Al lied ▁def ences ▁and ▁the ▁Japanese ▁tact ics . ▁During ▁the ▁primary ▁attack , ▁the ▁Japanese ▁lost ▁all ▁three ▁m idget ▁sub mar ines ▁in ▁exchange ▁for ▁the ▁s inking ▁of ▁a ▁single ▁bar ra cks ▁ship . ▁The ▁subsequent ▁operations ▁were ▁no ▁more ▁successful ▁as ▁the ▁five