▁which ▁is ▁involved ▁in ▁cit r ull ination . ▁Pat ients ▁with ▁r he um ato id ▁ar th rit is ▁have ▁increased ▁inc idence ▁of ▁period ont al ▁disease ; ▁ant ib od ies ▁against ▁the ▁b acter ium ▁are ▁significantly ▁more ▁common ▁in ▁these ▁patients . ▁ ▁P . ▁ging ival is ▁is ▁divided ▁into ▁K - ser ot ypes ▁based ▁upon ▁caps ular ▁ant igen icity ▁of ▁the ▁various ▁types . ▁These ▁ser ot ypes ▁have ▁been ▁the ▁drivers ▁of ▁observations ▁regarding ▁b acter ial ▁cell ▁to ▁cell ▁interactions ▁to ▁the ▁associated ▁ser ot ype - dependent ▁imm une ▁response ▁and ▁risk ▁with ▁pan cre atic ▁cancer . ▁ ▁Gen ome ▁ ▁The ▁gen ome ▁of ▁P . ▁ging ival is ▁was ▁described ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁reve aling ▁ 1 , 9 9 0 ▁open ▁reading ▁frames ▁( i . e . ▁protein - c oding ▁sequences ), ▁encoded ▁by ▁ 2 , 3 4 3 , 4 7 9 ▁b p , ▁with ▁an ▁average ▁G + C ▁content ▁of ▁ 4 8 . 3 %. ▁An ▁estimated ▁ 4 6 3 ▁gen es ▁are ▁essential . ▁ ▁Vir ul ence ▁factors ▁ ▁G ing ip ain ▁Arg - ging ip ain ▁( R g p ) ▁and ▁l ys - ging ip ain ▁( K g p ) ▁are ▁end ope pt id ase ▁en zym es ▁secret ed ▁by ▁P . ▁ging ival is . ▁These ▁ging ip ains ▁serve ▁many ▁functions ▁for ▁the