▁whereas ▁broad - spect rum ▁ant ib iot ics ▁affect ▁a ▁wide ▁range ▁of ▁b acter ia . ▁Following ▁a ▁ 4 0 - year ▁break ▁in ▁discover ing ▁new ▁classes ▁of ▁ant ib acter ial ▁comp ounds , ▁four ▁new ▁classes ▁of ▁ant ib iot ics ▁have ▁been ▁brought ▁into ▁clin ical ▁use ▁in ▁the ▁late ▁ 2 0 0 0 s ▁and ▁early ▁ 2 0 1 0 s : ▁cy clic ▁li po pe pt ides ▁( such ▁as ▁da pt om yc in ), ▁g ly cy l cy cl ines ▁( such ▁as ▁t ig ec y cl ine ), ▁ox az olid in ones ▁( such ▁as ▁line z olid ), ▁and ▁li pi ar my c ins ▁( such ▁as ▁fid ax omic in ). ▁ ▁Production ▁ ▁With ▁adv ances ▁in ▁medic inal ▁chem istry , ▁most ▁modern ▁ant ib acter ial s ▁are ▁sem is yn th etic ▁modifications ▁of ▁various ▁natural ▁comp ounds . ▁These ▁include , ▁for ▁example , ▁the ▁beta - la ct am ▁ant ib iot ics , ▁which ▁include ▁the ▁pen ic ill ins ▁( produ ced ▁by ▁fung i ▁in ▁the ▁genus ▁Pen ic ill ium ), ▁the ▁ce phal os por ins , ▁and ▁the ▁car b ap en ems . ▁Comp ounds ▁that ▁are ▁still ▁isolated ▁from ▁living ▁organ isms ▁are ▁the ▁am in og ly cos ides , ▁whereas ▁other ▁ant ib acter ial s — for ▁example , ▁the ▁sul fon am ides ,