▁ ▁L odge ▁T . ▁Sh ar pe ville : ▁an ▁apart heid ▁mass acre ▁and ▁its ▁consequences . ▁New ▁York : ▁Oxford ▁University ▁Press , ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁. ▁ ▁Mer iw ether ▁J . ▁H . ▁Pr oud ly ▁We ▁Can ▁Be ▁Afr icans : ▁Black ▁Americans ▁and ▁Africa , ▁ 1 9 3 5 – 1 9 6 1 . ▁University ▁of ▁North ▁Carolina ▁Press , ▁ 2 0 0 2 . ▁. ▁ ▁Ph yll is ▁T . ▁African ▁Fre edom : ▁How ▁Africa ▁Res pond ed ▁to ▁Independ ence . ▁Cambridge ▁University ▁Press , ▁ 2 0 1 8 . ▁▁ ▁Smith ▁A . ▁W . ▁M ., ▁Je pp esen ▁C . ▁Britain , ▁France ▁and ▁the ▁Dec ol on ization ▁of ▁Africa : ▁Future ▁Imper fect . ▁U CL ▁Press , ▁ 2 0 1 7 . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Special ▁Link s ▁Independ ence ▁of ▁African ▁Count ries . ▁In : ▁Internet ▁Library ▁Sub - S ah aran ▁Africa ▁( il iss A frica ). ▁▁ 1 9 6 0 : ▁The ▁year ▁of ▁independence ▁ ▁on ▁France 2 4 ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 0 ▁Category : 1 9 6 0 ▁in ▁Africa ▁Category : Pan - A fr ican ism ▁Category : History ▁of ▁colonial ism ▁Category : A part heid ▁in ▁South ▁Africa ▁Category : Ind ep end ence ▁movements <0x0A> </s> ▁Adam ▁Gu zi ński ▁( born ▁ 2 2 ▁December ▁ 1 9 7 0