▁contemporary ▁Sy rian , ▁Palest in ian , ▁Egypt ian ▁and ▁especially ▁M aml uk ▁person ages ▁are ▁employed ▁an ach ron ist ically ▁in ▁paint ings ▁describing ▁Bib lic al ▁situations . ▁An ▁example ▁in ▁point ▁is ▁the ▁ 1 5 th ▁century ▁The ▁Ar rest ▁of ▁St . ▁Mark ▁from ▁the ▁Syn agog ue ▁by ▁Giovanni ▁di ▁Nic col ò ▁Mans uet i ▁which ▁accur ately ▁describes ▁contemporary ▁( 1 5 th ▁century ) ▁Alexand rian ▁Mam lu ks ▁arrest ing ▁Saint ▁Mark ▁in ▁an ▁historic ▁scene ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁century ▁CE . ▁Another ▁case ▁is ▁Gent ile ▁Bell ini ' s ▁Saint ▁Mark ▁Pre aching ▁in ▁Alexand ria . ▁ ▁Or n ament ▁A ▁Western ▁style ▁of ▁orn ament ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁Islam ic ▁arab es que ▁developed , ▁beginning ▁in ▁late ▁ 1 5 th ▁century ▁Ven ice ; ▁it ▁has ▁been ▁called ▁either ▁m ores que ▁or ▁western ▁arab es que ▁( a ▁term ▁with ▁a ▁complicated ▁history ). ▁It ▁has ▁been ▁used ▁in ▁a ▁great ▁variety ▁of ▁the ▁decor ative ▁arts ▁but ▁has ▁been ▁especially ▁long - l ived ▁in ▁book ▁design ▁and ▁book binding , ▁where ▁small ▁mot ifs ▁in ▁this ▁style ▁have ▁continued ▁to ▁be ▁used ▁by ▁conserv ative ▁book ▁design ers ▁up ▁to ▁the ▁present ▁day . ▁It ▁is ▁seen ▁in ▁gold ▁tool ing ▁on ▁covers , ▁borders ▁for ▁illustr ations , ▁and ▁printer ' s ▁orn aments ▁for ▁decor ating ▁empty ▁spaces ▁on ▁the ▁page . ▁In ▁this ▁field ▁the ▁technique