▁of ▁the ▁body ▁and ▁its ▁behaviour . ▁In ▁the ▁philosophy ▁of ▁the ▁Marx ist ▁semi ot ician ▁Roland ▁Bar thes , ▁the ▁mask ▁features ▁primarily ▁as ▁a ▁" sign " ▁with ▁fixed ▁mean ings . ▁The ▁concept ▁of ▁character ▁mask s ▁was ▁used ▁by ▁Ang lo - S ax on ▁Western ▁Marx ist ▁or ▁post - Mar x ist ▁think ers ▁like ▁Perry ▁Anderson , ▁Werner ▁B one feld , ▁Paul ▁Con n erton , ▁Michael ▁E ld red , ▁Russell ▁Jacob y , ▁Lawrence ▁Kr ader , ▁and ▁Michael ▁Per el man . ▁J ános ▁Kor na i ▁also ▁refers ▁to ▁it . ▁In ▁Germany ▁and ▁Austria , ▁the ▁concept ▁has ▁been ▁used ▁in ▁the ▁Marx ian ▁tradition ▁by ▁El mar ▁Alt v ater , ▁In go ▁El be , ▁Wolfgang ▁Fritz ▁H aug , ▁Michael ▁Heinrich , ▁Robert ▁Kurz , ▁Ernst ▁L oh off , ▁Klaus ▁Ott ome yer , ▁and ▁Franz ▁Sch and l ▁( as ▁c ited ▁in ▁the ▁notes ). ▁ ▁The odor ▁Ad orno ▁Ad orno ▁arg ues ▁that ▁Marx ▁explained ▁convin cing ly ▁why ▁the ▁appearance - form ▁and ▁the ▁real ▁nature ▁of ▁human ▁relations ▁often ▁does ▁not ▁directly ▁co inci de , ▁not ▁on ▁the ▁strength ▁of ▁a ▁met aph ys ical ▁philosophy ▁such ▁as ▁trans c endent al ▁real ism , ▁but ▁by ▁infer ring ▁the ▁social ▁meaning ▁of ▁human ▁relations ▁from ▁the ▁way ▁they ▁observ ably ▁appear ▁in ▁practical ▁life ▁– ▁using ▁system atic ▁critical ▁and ▁logical ▁thought ▁as ▁a ▁tool ▁of ▁discovery