rie , ▁another ▁British ▁Egypt ologist , ▁revolution ised ▁the ▁field ▁of ▁arch ae ology ▁through ▁controlled ▁and ▁scientific ally ▁recorded ▁exc av ations . ▁Pet rie ' s ▁work ▁determined ▁that ▁Egypt ian ▁culture ▁dated ▁back ▁as ▁early ▁as ▁ 4 5 0 0 ▁BC . ▁The ▁British ▁Egypt ▁Ex pl oration ▁Fund ▁founded ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 2 ▁and ▁other ▁Egypt olog ists ▁promoted ▁Pet rie ' s ▁methods . ▁ ▁Other ▁sch ol ars ▁worked ▁on ▁producing ▁a ▁hier og lyph ic ▁dictionary , ▁developing ▁a ▁Dem otic ▁lex icon , ▁and ▁establish ing ▁an ▁outline ▁of ▁ancient ▁Egypt ian ▁history . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁the ▁found ing ▁of ▁the ▁Oriental ▁Institute ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Chicago ▁and ▁the ▁expedition ▁of ▁James ▁Henry ▁Bre asted ▁to ▁Egypt ▁and ▁N ub ia ▁established ▁Egypt ology ▁as ▁a ▁legit imate ▁field ▁of ▁study . ▁In ▁ 1 9 2 4 , ▁Bre asted ▁also ▁started ▁the ▁Ep ig raph ic ▁Survey ▁to ▁make ▁and ▁publish ▁accurate ▁copies ▁of ▁monuments . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 9 th ▁and ▁early ▁ 2 0 th ▁century , ▁the ▁Metropolitan ▁Museum ▁of ▁Art ; ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Pennsylvania ; ▁the ▁Museum ▁of ▁Fine ▁Arts , ▁Boston ; ▁the ▁Brook lyn ▁Institute ▁of ▁Fine ▁Arts ; ▁and ▁the ▁Institute ▁of ▁Fine ▁Arts , ▁New ▁York ▁University ▁also ▁conducted ▁ ▁exc av ations ▁in ▁Egypt , ▁expand ing ▁American ▁collections . ▁ ▁Some ▁univers ities ▁and ▁colleg es ▁offer ▁degrees ▁in ▁Egypt