▁Maur ism , ▁social ▁Catholic ism , ▁and ▁national ism . ▁This ▁over arch ing ▁Catholic ism ▁was ▁rein for ced ▁by ▁the ▁work ▁of ▁prominent ▁Spanish ▁historian ▁Marcel ino ▁Men énd ez ▁Pel ay o , ▁who ▁assert ed ▁that ▁the ▁Spanish ▁vol k ge ist ▁was ▁that ▁of ▁Catholic ism . ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁crisis ▁of ▁the ▁Rest oration , ▁which ▁was ▁acc ent u ated ▁from ▁ 1 9 1 4 ▁on wards , ▁the ▁extreme ▁right ▁represented ▁itself ▁as ▁a ▁force ▁against ▁sec ular ization ▁of ▁Spain ▁and ▁in ▁favour ▁of ▁the ▁interests ▁of ▁the ▁Catholic ▁el ite ; ▁various ▁far - right ▁think ers ▁would ▁meet ▁in ▁the ▁Centro ▁de ▁A cción ▁Nob ili aria ▁( N ob ility ▁Action ▁Centre ). ▁In ▁ 1 9 1 9 , ▁the ▁S ind ic atos ▁Lib res ▁was ▁founded ▁in ▁Barcelona ; ▁the ▁organization ▁represented ▁Car list ▁workers ▁and ▁carried ▁out ▁acts ▁of ▁terror ism ▁against ▁the ▁an arch o - s y nd ical ist ▁Conf ed era ción ▁Nacional ▁del ▁Tra b ajo . ▁According ▁to ▁historian ▁Col in ▁M . ▁Wilson , ▁the ▁S ind ic atos ▁Lib res ▁was ▁a ▁proto - f asc ist ▁organization ▁and ▁was ▁far - rem oved ▁from ▁the ▁traditional ism ▁that ▁would ▁come ▁to ▁define ▁Spanish ▁fasc ism . ▁▁ ▁The ▁period ▁of ▁the ▁Alfonso ▁XIII ▁regime ▁directly ▁preceding ▁the ▁establishment ▁of ▁the ▁Second ▁Republic , ▁marked ▁by ▁the ▁dict ator ships ▁of ▁Miguel ▁Pr imo ▁de ▁River a