▁and ▁the ▁main ▁architect ▁of ▁Soviet ▁policies ▁in ▁Central ▁Asia ▁and ▁the ▁Middle ▁East ), ▁was ▁re called ▁to ▁Moscow ▁and ▁shot ▁by ▁a ▁firing ▁squad ▁for ▁alleg edly ▁particip ating ▁in ▁the ▁so - called ▁F asc ist - T rot sky ite ▁Plot ▁against ▁St alin ▁and ▁attempting ▁to ▁over throw ▁Sh eng ▁Sh ica i ' s ▁regime ▁on ▁April ▁ 1 2 , ▁ 1 9 3 7 , ▁on ▁comm em oration ▁day ▁of ▁an ▁April ▁U pr ising ▁four ▁years ▁earlier . ▁The ▁re bell ion ▁is ▁also ▁viewed ▁by ▁some ▁histor ians ▁as ▁a ▁plot ▁by ▁Mah mut ▁Mu h iti ▁and ▁Ma ▁Hu - sh an ▁to ▁convert ▁X in ji ang ▁into ▁a ▁base ▁for ▁fighting ▁against ▁St alin ists . ▁ ▁A ▁con quest ▁of ▁the ▁Kre ml in , ▁Russian ▁Turk istan ▁and ▁Si ber ia ▁was ▁planned ▁in ▁an ▁anti - S ov iet ▁" ji had " ▁form ulated ▁by ▁Ma ▁H si ▁Jung ▁( Ma ▁H ush an ). ▁He ▁promised ▁a ▁dev ast ated ▁Europe ▁and ▁the ▁conqu ering ▁of ▁Russia ▁and ▁India . ▁The ▁anti - S ov iet ▁client ▁u pr ising ▁by ▁Ma ▁H si ▁Jung ▁( Ma ▁Ho ▁San )' s ▁was ▁reported ▁by ▁United ▁Press ▁International ▁( U PI ) ▁and ▁read ▁by ▁A hm ad ▁Kam al ▁on ▁ 3 ▁June ▁ 1 9 3 7 . ▁▁ 3 6 th ▁Division ▁inv ades ▁K ash gar ▁ ▁Meanwhile , ▁Ma ▁H