. ▁ ▁S per mic ides ▁used ▁alone ▁are ▁only ▁about ▁ 9 1 ▁percent ▁effective . ▁ ▁When ▁s per mic ides ▁are ▁used ▁in ▁conj unction ▁with ▁cond oms ▁and ▁other ▁bar rier ▁methods ▁there ▁is ▁a ▁ 9 7 ▁percent ▁effective ▁rate ▁for ▁pre gn ancy ▁prevent ion . ▁ ▁Side ▁effects ▁Tem por ary ▁local ▁skin ▁ir rit ation ▁involving ▁the ▁vul va , ▁v ag ina , ▁or ▁pen is ▁is ▁the ▁most ▁common ▁problem ▁associated ▁with ▁s per mic ide ▁use . ▁ ▁Fre quent ▁use ▁( 2 ▁times ▁or ▁more ▁a ▁day ) ▁of ▁non ox yn ol - 9 ▁containing ▁s per mic ide ▁is ▁in ad vis able ▁if ▁ST I / H IV ▁expos ure ▁is ▁likely , ▁because ▁in ▁this ▁situation ▁there ▁is ▁increased ▁vul v ov ag inal ▁ep ith el ial ▁dis ruption ▁and ▁increased ▁risk ▁of ▁H IV ▁ac quisition . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Food ▁and ▁D rug ▁Administration ▁( F DA ) ▁mand ated ▁that ▁labels ▁for ▁non ox yn ol - 9 ▁over - the - counter ▁( OT C ) ▁contra cept ive ▁products ▁carry ▁a ▁new ▁warning ▁saying ▁they ▁do ▁not ▁protect ▁against ▁ST D s ▁and ▁H IV / A ID S . ▁ ▁History ▁The ▁first ▁written ▁record ▁of ▁s per mic ide ▁use ▁is ▁found ▁in ▁the ▁K ah un ▁Pap yrus , ▁an ▁Egypt ian ▁document ▁d ating ▁to ▁ 1 8 5