▁and ▁have ▁several ▁different ▁conform ations . ▁ ▁K + pot ass ium ▁ ions ' ▁main ▁function ▁in ▁animals ▁is ▁os m otic ▁balance , ▁particularly ▁in ▁the ▁kid ne ys . ▁See ▁hyp ok alem ia . ▁ ▁Na + s od ium ▁ ions ▁have ▁a ▁similar ▁role ▁to ▁pot ass ium ▁ ions . ▁See ▁sod ium ▁def ic iency . ▁M n 2 + - ▁mang an ese ▁ ions ▁are ▁seen ▁being ▁used ▁as ▁stabil izer ▁for ▁varying ▁protein ▁configurations . ▁However , ▁mang an ese ▁ion ▁over ex pos ure ▁is ▁linked ▁to ▁several ▁ne uro de gener ative ▁dise ases ▁such ▁as ▁Park inson ' s ▁disease . ▁ ▁M g 2 + ▁mag nes ium ▁ ions ▁are ▁a ▁component ▁of ▁ch lor oph yll . ▁See ▁mag nes ium ▁def ic iency ▁ ▁Cl − ▁in ability ▁to ▁transport ▁ch lor ide ▁ ions ▁in ▁humans ▁manifest s ▁itself ▁as ▁c yst ic ▁fib ros is ▁( CP ) ▁▁ ▁the ▁shell s ▁of ▁sea ▁cre atures ▁are ▁calci um ▁carbon ate . ▁In ▁blood ▁approximately ▁ 8 5 % ▁of ▁carbon ▁dio x ide , ▁is ▁converted ▁into ▁a que ous ▁carbon ate ▁ ions ▁( an ▁acid ic ▁solution ), ▁allowing ▁a ▁greater ▁rate ▁of ▁transport ation . ▁Co 2 + - ▁c ob alt ▁ ions ▁are ▁present ▁in ▁the ▁human ▁body ▁in ▁amounts ▁from ▁ 1 ▁to ▁ 2   m g . ▁Cob alt ▁is ▁observed ▁in ▁the