▁to ▁Boston . ▁ ▁As ▁the ▁size ▁of ▁ship ▁increased , ▁the ▁wooden ▁h ull ▁became ▁frag ile . ▁Begin ning ▁with ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁an ▁iron ▁h ull ▁in ▁ 1 8 4 5 , ▁and ▁then ▁steel ▁h ull s , ▁solved ▁this ▁problem . ▁The ▁first ▁ship ▁to ▁be ▁both ▁iron - h ul led ▁and ▁equ ipped ▁with ▁a ▁sc rew ▁prop eller ▁was ▁, ▁a ▁creation ▁of ▁Brun el . ▁Her ▁career ▁was ▁dis astr ous ▁and ▁short . ▁She ▁was ▁run ▁a ground ▁and ▁str and ed ▁at ▁D und rum ▁Bay ▁in ▁ 1 8 4 6 . ▁In ▁ 1 8 8 4 , ▁she ▁was ▁retired ▁to ▁the ▁F alk land ▁Islands ▁where ▁she ▁was ▁used ▁as ▁a ▁w are house , ▁quar antine ▁ship , ▁and ▁coal ▁h ulk ▁until ▁she ▁was ▁sc utt led ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 7 . ▁The ▁American ▁company ▁Collins ▁Line ▁took ▁a ▁different ▁approach . ▁It ▁equ ipped ▁its ▁ships ▁with ▁cold ▁rooms , ▁he ating ▁systems , ▁and ▁various ▁other ▁innov ations ▁but ▁the ▁operation ▁was ▁expensive . ▁The ▁s inking ▁of ▁two ▁of ▁its ▁ships ▁was ▁a ▁major ▁blow ▁to ▁the ▁company ▁which ▁was ▁dissol ved ▁in ▁ 1 8 5 8 . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 5 8 , ▁Brun el ▁built ▁his ▁third ▁and ▁last ▁giant , ▁. ▁The ▁ship ▁was , ▁for ▁ 4 3 ▁years , ▁the ▁largest ▁passenger ▁ship ▁ever ▁built . ▁She ▁had ▁the ▁capacity ▁to ▁carry