▁involves ▁integr ating ▁existing , ▁often ▁dispar ate ▁systems ▁in ▁such ▁a ▁way ▁" that ▁focus es ▁on ▁increasing ▁value ▁to ▁the ▁customer " ▁( e . g ., ▁improved ▁product ▁quality ▁and ▁performance ) ▁while ▁at ▁the ▁same ▁time ▁providing ▁value ▁to ▁the ▁company ▁( e . g ., ▁reducing ▁oper ational ▁costs ▁and ▁impro ving ▁response ▁time ). ▁In ▁the ▁modern ▁world ▁connected ▁by ▁Internet , ▁the ▁role ▁of ▁system ▁integration ▁engine ers ▁is ▁important : ▁more ▁and ▁more ▁systems ▁are ▁designed ▁to ▁connect , ▁both ▁within ▁the ▁system ▁under ▁construction ▁and ▁to ▁systems ▁that ▁are ▁already ▁deployed . ▁ ▁Method s ▁of ▁integration ▁Vert ical ▁integration ▁( as ▁opposed ▁to ▁" horizontal ▁integration ") ▁is ▁the ▁process ▁of ▁integr ating ▁sub system s ▁according ▁to ▁their ▁functionality ▁by ▁creating ▁functional ▁entities ▁also ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁sil os . ▁The ▁benefit ▁of ▁this ▁method ▁is ▁that ▁the ▁integration ▁is ▁performed ▁quickly ▁and ▁involves ▁only ▁the ▁necessary ▁vend ors , ▁therefore , ▁this ▁method ▁is ▁che aper ▁in ▁the ▁short ▁term . ▁On ▁the ▁other ▁hand , ▁cost - of - own ership ▁can ▁be ▁substantial ly ▁higher ▁than ▁seen ▁in ▁other ▁methods , ▁since ▁in ▁case ▁of ▁new ▁or ▁en hanced ▁functionality , ▁the ▁only ▁possible ▁way ▁to ▁implement ▁( scale ▁the ▁system ) ▁would ▁be ▁by ▁implementing ▁another ▁sil o . ▁Re using ▁sub system s ▁to ▁create ▁another ▁functionality ▁is ▁not ▁possible . ▁ ▁Star ▁integration , ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁sp agh etti ▁integration , ▁is ▁a ▁process ▁of