8 ▁Card igan ▁to ▁Ten by ▁road . ▁The ▁western ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁settlement ▁lies ▁in ▁the ▁parish ▁of ▁M yn ach log - d du ▁and ▁the ▁eastern ▁part ▁in ▁L lan f yr nach ▁parish . ▁ ▁Name ▁The ▁English ▁translation ▁for ▁pent re ▁is ▁village , ▁and ▁gal ar ▁can ▁mean ▁m our ning , ▁sorrow ▁or ▁gr ief . ▁The ▁origin ▁of ▁this ▁name ▁is ▁obsc ure . ▁ ▁Geography ▁The ▁land ▁s lop es ▁from ▁C rug ia u ▁D wy ▁at ▁a ▁height ▁of ▁ ▁in ▁the ▁west ▁down ▁towards ▁the ▁valley ▁of ▁Af on ▁G af el , ▁a ▁trib ut ary ▁of ▁the ▁River ▁T af . ▁Most ▁of ▁the ▁terrain ▁is ▁above ▁. ▁Land ▁use ▁is ▁agricult ural , ▁with ▁a ▁rect il ine ar ▁field ▁pattern . ▁Minor ▁roads ▁connect ▁P entre ▁Gal ar ▁with ▁the ▁villages ▁of ▁Herm on , ▁G land wr ▁and ▁M yn ach log - d du , ▁and ▁most ▁houses ▁are ▁alongside ▁the ▁main ▁road . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁The ▁land ▁surrounding ▁P entre ▁Gal ar ▁was ▁en closed ▁by ▁Act ▁of ▁Parliament ▁in ▁ 1 8 1 2 , ▁resulting ▁in ▁the ▁order ly ▁layout ▁of ▁small , ▁rect angular ▁fields . ▁Dy f ed ▁Arch ae ological ▁Trust ▁suggests ▁earlier ▁settlement , ▁and ▁notes ▁that ▁the ▁main ▁road ▁( now ▁the ▁A 4 7 8 ) ▁through ▁the ▁village ▁is ▁marked ▁on ▁an ▁early ▁map ▁as ▁a ▁medieval ▁route , ▁but ▁was ▁turn p ik