▁published . ▁" A ▁wave ▁of ▁anti - colon ial ▁feeling ▁began ▁to ▁gather ▁momentum ▁in ▁Germany " ▁and ▁resulted ▁in ▁large ▁vot er ▁turn outs ▁in ▁the ▁so - called ▁" H ott ent ot ▁election " ▁for ▁the ▁Reich stag ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 6 . ▁ ▁The ▁conserv ative ▁Bü low ▁government ▁bare ly ▁surv ived , ▁but ▁in ▁January ▁ 1 9 0 7 ▁the ▁newly ▁elected ▁Reich stag ▁im posed ▁a ▁" complete ▁over ha ul " ▁upon ▁the ▁colonial ▁service . ▁ ▁Bern hard ▁D ern burg , ▁a ▁former ▁bank er ▁from ▁D arm stadt , ▁was ▁appointed ▁as ▁the ▁new ▁secretary ▁of ▁the ▁rev amp ed ▁colonial ▁office . ▁En tr en ched ▁in comp et ents ▁were ▁screen ed ▁out ▁and ▁summar ily ▁removed ▁from ▁office ▁and ▁" not ▁a ▁few ▁had ▁to ▁stand ▁trial . ▁Rep la cing ▁the ▁mis f its ▁was ▁a ▁new ▁bre ed ▁of ▁efficient , ▁hum ane , ▁colonial ▁civil ▁servant , ▁usually ▁the ▁product ▁of ▁D ern burg ' s ▁own ▁creation , ▁the ▁... ▁Col onial ▁Institute ▁at ▁Hamburg ." ▁In ▁African ▁prote ctor ates , ▁especially ▁T og ol and ▁and ▁German ▁East ▁Africa , ▁" im pro bably ▁advanced ▁and ▁hum ane ▁administr ations ▁emer ged ." ▁However , ▁T og ol and ▁saw ▁its ▁own ▁share ▁of ▁blood sh ed . ▁The ▁Germ ans ▁used ▁forced ▁labor ▁and ▁har sh ▁pun ishment ▁to ▁keep ▁the ▁Afr icans ▁in ▁line . ▁Although ▁the