▁Over throw ▁J ie , ▁the ▁last ▁king , ▁was ▁said ▁to ▁be ▁cor rupt . ▁He ▁was ▁over th rown ▁by ▁Tang , ▁the ▁first ▁king ▁of ▁the ▁Shang ▁dynast y . ▁Tang ▁is ▁said ▁to ▁have ▁given ▁the ▁small ▁state ▁of ▁Q i ▁as ▁a ▁f ief ▁to ▁the ▁rem n ants ▁of ▁the ▁X ia ▁r uling ▁family . ▁This ▁practice ▁was ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁" the ▁two ▁crown ings ▁and ▁the ▁three ▁respect s ". ▁ ▁Z eng zi ▁was ▁a ▁desc endant ▁of ▁the ▁X ia ▁dynast y ▁Kings ▁through ▁Sh ao ▁K ang . ▁ ▁The ▁Kings ▁of ▁the ▁State ▁of ▁Y ue ▁claimed ▁descent ▁from ▁the ▁X ia ▁dynast y ▁Kings ▁through ▁Sh ao ▁K ang . ▁ ▁Modern ▁studies ▁▁ ▁The ▁time ▁gap ▁between ▁the ▁supposed ▁time ▁of ▁the ▁X ia ▁and ▁the ▁first ▁written ▁references ▁to ▁it ▁have ▁meant ▁that ▁the ▁historic ity ▁of ▁the ▁X ia ▁dynast y ▁itself ▁and ▁the ▁traditional ▁narr ative ▁of ▁its ▁history ▁are ▁at ▁best ▁uncertain . ▁The ▁S ke pt ical ▁School ▁of ▁early ▁Chinese ▁history , ▁started ▁by ▁Gu ▁J ieg ang ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 2 0 s , ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁group ▁of ▁sch ol ars ▁within ▁China ▁to ▁system atically ▁question ▁the ▁traditional ▁story ▁of ▁its ▁early ▁history . ▁By ▁crit ically ▁exam ining ▁the ▁development ▁of ▁the ▁narr ative ▁of ▁early ▁Chinese ▁history ▁throughout ▁history , ▁Gu ▁concluded ▁" the ▁later ▁the ▁time , ▁the ▁longer ▁the ▁legend ary ▁period ▁of