▁at ▁the ▁moment ▁one ▁enters ▁the ▁temple . ▁ ▁Bell found ing ▁▁ ▁The ▁process ▁of ▁casting ▁b ells ▁is ▁called ▁bell found ing , ▁and ▁in ▁Europe ▁dates ▁to ▁the ▁ 4 th ▁or ▁ 5 th ▁century . ▁The ▁traditional ▁metal ▁for ▁these ▁b ells ▁is ▁a ▁bronze ▁of ▁about ▁ 2 3 % ▁tin . ▁Kn own ▁as ▁bell ▁metal , ▁this ▁al loy ▁is ▁also ▁the ▁traditional ▁al loy ▁for ▁the ▁fin est ▁Turkish ▁and ▁Chinese ▁c ym b als . ▁Other ▁materials ▁sometimes ▁used ▁for ▁large ▁b ells ▁include ▁br ass ▁and ▁iron . ▁Ste el ▁was ▁tried ▁during ▁the ▁busy ▁church - building ▁period ▁of ▁mid - 1 9 th - century ▁England , ▁because ▁it ▁was ▁more ▁econom ical ▁than ▁bronze , ▁but ▁was ▁found ▁not ▁to ▁be ▁dur able ▁and ▁manufact ure ▁ceased ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 8 7 0 s . ▁ ▁Cast ing ▁Small ▁b ells ▁were ▁originally ▁made ▁with ▁the ▁lost ▁w ax ▁process ▁but ▁large ▁b ells ▁are ▁cast ▁mouth ▁down wards ▁by ▁filling ▁the ▁air ▁space ▁in ▁a ▁two - part ▁m ould ▁with ▁mol ten ▁metal . ▁Such ▁a ▁m ould ▁has ▁an ▁outer ▁section ▁cl amp ed ▁to ▁a ▁base - plate ▁on ▁which ▁an ▁inner ▁core ▁has ▁been ▁constructed . ▁ ▁The ▁core ▁is ▁built ▁on ▁the ▁base - plate ▁using ▁por ous ▁materials ▁such ▁as ▁co ke ▁or ▁brick ▁and ▁then ▁covered ▁in ▁lo am ▁well ▁mixed ▁with ▁st raw ▁and ▁horse ▁man ure . ▁This