, ▁and ▁is ▁actually ▁a ▁veg an , ▁nut - based ▁spread . ▁ ▁The ▁term ▁eth ical ▁fo ie ▁gr as ▁or ▁hum ane ▁fo ie ▁gr as ▁is ▁also ▁used ▁for ▁g av age - based ▁fo ie ▁gr as ▁production ▁that ▁is ▁more ▁concerned ▁with ▁the ▁animal ' s ▁w elf are ▁( using ▁rub ber ▁h oses ▁rather ▁than ▁steel ▁pip es ▁for ▁feed ing ). ▁O thers ▁have ▁expressed ▁ske ptic ism ▁at ▁these ▁claims ▁of ▁hum ane ▁treatment , ▁as ▁earlier ▁attempts ▁to ▁produce ▁f atten ed ▁li vers ▁without ▁g av age ▁have ▁not ▁produced ▁satisf actory ▁results . ▁ ▁A ▁more ▁hum ane ▁version ▁of ▁fo ie ▁gr as ▁was ▁pione ered ▁in ▁the ▁Spanish ▁region ▁of ▁Ext rem ad ura , ▁where by ▁the ▁bird ▁is ▁trick ed ▁into ▁prepar ing ▁for ▁migration ▁rather ▁than ▁force - f ed . ▁ ▁More ▁radical ▁approaches ▁have ▁been ▁studied . ▁A ▁du ck ▁or ▁go ose ▁with ▁a ▁vent rom ed ian ▁hypoth al am ic ▁( VM H ) ▁les ion ▁will ▁tend ▁not ▁to ▁feel ▁s ati ated ▁after ▁e ating , ▁and ▁will ▁therefore ▁eat ▁more ▁than ▁a ▁non - les ioned ▁animal . ▁By ▁producing ▁such ▁les ions ▁surg ically , ▁it ▁is ▁possible ▁to ▁increase ▁the ▁bird ' s ▁food ▁consumption ▁when ▁permitted ▁to ▁eat ▁ad ▁li bit um , ▁by ▁a ▁factor ▁of ▁more ▁than ▁two . ▁ ▁Currently , ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁few ▁produ cers ▁in ▁the ▁world ▁of