, ▁such ▁as ▁higher ▁prices ▁when ▁competition ▁is ▁er ased ▁on ▁a ▁certain ▁route ▁or ▁less ▁frequent ▁fl ights ; ▁for ▁instance , ▁if ▁two ▁air lines ▁separately ▁fly ▁three ▁and ▁two ▁times ▁a ▁day ▁respectively ▁on ▁a ▁shared ▁route , ▁their ▁al liance ▁might ▁fly ▁less ▁than ▁ 5 ▁( 3 + 2 ) ▁times ▁a ▁day ▁on ▁the ▁same ▁route . ▁This ▁might ▁be ▁especially ▁true ▁between ▁hub ▁cities ▁for ▁each ▁air line . ▁e . g ., ▁fl ights ▁between ▁Detroit ▁Metropolitan ▁Wayne ▁County ▁Airport ▁( a ▁D elta ▁Air ▁L ines ▁for tr ess ▁hub ) ▁and ▁Amsterdam ▁Airport ▁Sch i ph ol ▁( a ▁K LM ▁for tr ess ▁hub ). ▁ ▁Iss ues ▁The ▁ability ▁of ▁an ▁air line ▁to ▁join ▁an ▁al liance ▁may ▁be ▁restricted ▁by ▁laws ▁and ▁reg ulations ▁or ▁subject ▁to ▁appro val ▁by ▁authorities . ▁Compet ition ▁law ▁issues ▁must ▁also ▁be ▁considered ▁in ▁some ▁countries . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁The ▁first ▁air line ▁al liance ▁was ▁formed ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 3 0 s , ▁when ▁Pan air ▁do ▁Brasil ▁and ▁its ▁parent ▁company ▁Pan ▁American ▁World ▁Air ways ▁agreed ▁to ▁exchange ▁routes ▁to ▁Latin ▁America . ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 0 , ▁the ▁African ▁J oint ▁Air ▁Services ▁( A J AS ) ▁Acc ord ▁between ▁T anz ania , ▁U g anda ▁and ▁Z amb ia ▁led ▁to ▁the ▁launch ▁of ▁Alliance ▁Air ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 4 , ▁with ▁South ▁African ▁Air ways , ▁Air