. ▁Engine er ▁Oct av ius ▁F . ▁N iel sen ▁applied ▁for ▁a ▁pat ent ▁on ▁tied ▁arch es ▁with ▁incl ined ▁h anger ▁ro ds ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 6 . ▁This ▁bridge ▁type ▁was ▁then ▁built ▁about ▁ 6 0 ▁times , ▁primarily ▁in ▁Sweden . ▁None ▁of ▁these ▁brid ges ▁had ▁crossed ▁h angers . ▁▁ ▁A ▁draw back ▁to ▁the ▁N iel sen ▁type ▁is ▁that ▁if ▁there ▁are ▁dynamic ▁loads ▁on ▁the ▁bridge , ▁the ▁t ension ▁on ▁some ▁of ▁these ▁h angers ▁may ▁be ▁reduced , ▁even ▁putting ▁the ▁h anger ▁into ▁compression . ▁The ▁network ▁arch ▁type , ▁with ▁multiple ▁cross ings , ▁i . e . ▁overlap ▁in ▁the ▁horizontal ▁axis , ▁was ▁developed ▁by ▁Per ▁T ve it ▁to ▁avoid ▁this . ▁ ▁L oh se ▁brid ges ▁have ▁a ▁tie ▁convers ely ▁cur ved ▁to ▁the ▁arch . ▁The ▁bridge ▁deck ▁is ▁supported ▁by ▁a ▁third ▁struct ural ▁element ▁h anging ▁under ne ath . ▁They ▁are ▁named ▁for ▁the ▁German ▁engineer ▁Hermann ▁L oh se ▁( 1 8 1 5 – 1 8 9 3 ) ▁who ▁developed ▁them ▁in ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 9 th ▁century . ▁▁ ▁Thus , ▁it ▁can ▁be ▁recogn ised ▁that ▁the ▁name ▁N iel se - L oh se ▁is ▁not ▁correct ▁for ▁tied ▁arch es ▁with ▁incl ined ▁h anger ▁crossing ▁each ▁other ▁multiple ▁times . ▁Furthermore , ▁the ▁arch et ype ▁of ▁the ▁Japanese ▁network ▁arch es ▁is ▁the ▁Fe h