9 6 2 ▁and ▁called ▁for ▁both ▁military ▁operations ▁and ▁civ ic ▁action ▁programs ▁in ▁violent ▁areas . ▁Following ▁Y ar borough ' s ▁recommend ations , ▁the ▁Colomb ian ▁military ▁rec ru ited ▁civ ili ans ▁into ▁" c ivil ▁defense " ▁groups ▁which ▁worked ▁alongside ▁the ▁military ▁in ▁its ▁counter - ins ur gency ▁campaign , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁in ▁civil ian ▁intelligence ▁networks ▁to ▁gather ▁information ▁on ▁gu err illa ▁activity . ▁Doug ▁Sto kes ▁arg ues ▁that ▁it ▁was ▁not ▁until ▁the ▁early ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 s ▁that ▁the ▁Colomb ian ▁government ▁attempted ▁to ▁move ▁away ▁from ▁the ▁counter ins ur gency ▁strategy ▁represented ▁by ▁Plan ▁Laz o ▁and ▁Y ar borough ' s ▁ 1 9 6 2 ▁recommend ations . ▁ ▁Cre ation ▁of ▁F AR C ▁ ▁The ▁Colomb ian ▁government ▁began ▁attack ing ▁many ▁of ▁the ▁commun ist ▁groups ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 9 6 0 s , ▁attempting ▁to ▁re - ass im il ate ▁the ▁territ ories ▁under ▁the ▁control ▁of ▁the ▁national ▁government . ▁F AR C ▁was ▁formed ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 4 ▁by ▁Manuel ▁Mar ul anda ▁Vé lez ▁and ▁other ▁P CC ▁members , ▁after ▁a ▁military ▁attack ▁on ▁the ▁community ▁of ▁Mar quet alia . ▁ 1 6 , 0 0 0 ▁Colomb ian ▁troops ▁attacked ▁the ▁community , ▁which ▁only ▁had ▁ 4 8 ▁armed ▁f igh ters . ▁Mar ul anda ▁and ▁ 4 7 ▁others ▁fought ▁against ▁government