- V 1 3 , ▁R 1 b ▁and ▁J - M 1 7 2 . ▁E - V 1 3 ▁and ▁J 2 - M 1 2 ▁( the ▁parent ▁cla de ▁of ▁J - M 1 7 2 ) ▁are ▁considered ▁by ▁Cru ci ani ▁et ▁al ▁to ▁both ▁indicate ▁a ▁particular ▁" range ▁expansion ▁in ▁the ▁Bron ze ▁Age ▁of ▁sout he astern ▁Europe ", ▁having ▁experienced ▁considerable ▁in ▁situ ▁population ▁growth ▁after ▁having ▁being ▁introduced ▁in ▁an ▁earlier ▁period ▁with ▁the ▁spread ▁of ▁the ▁Ne ol ith ic ▁into ▁Europe . ▁R 1 b , ▁mean while , ▁has ▁been ▁associated ▁with ▁the ▁spread ▁of ▁Ind o - Europe an ▁languages ▁in ▁Europe . ▁Within ▁the ▁B alk ans , ▁all ▁three ▁have ▁a ▁local ▁peak ▁in ▁Kos ovo , ▁and ▁are ▁overall ▁more ▁common ▁among ▁Alban ians , ▁Gree ks ▁and ▁V la chs ▁than ▁South ▁S lav s ▁( al beit ▁with ▁some ▁representation ▁among ▁Mac ed oni ans ▁and ▁Bulg ari ans ). ▁R 1 b ▁has ▁much ▁higher ▁frequencies ▁in ▁areas ▁of ▁Europe ▁further ▁to ▁the ▁West , ▁while ▁E 1 b 1 b ▁and ▁J 2 ▁are ▁w ides p read ▁at ▁lower ▁frequencies ▁throughout ▁Europe , ▁and ▁also ▁have ▁very ▁large ▁frequencies ▁among ▁Gree ks , ▁It ali ans , ▁Mac ed oni ans ▁and ▁Bulg ari ans . ▁▁ ▁H ap lo groups ▁in ▁the ▁modern ▁Alban ian ▁population ▁is ▁domin ated ▁by ▁E - V 1 3 , ▁the ▁most ▁common