▁Zone , ▁but ▁the ▁at roc ities ▁in ▁the ▁rest ▁of ▁the ▁city ▁were ▁far ▁greater ▁by ▁all ▁accounts . ▁ ▁Japanese ▁soldiers ▁committed ▁at roc ities ▁in ▁the ▁Saf ety ▁Zone ▁that ▁were ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁much ▁larger ▁N ank ing ▁Mass acre . ▁The ▁International ▁Committee ▁appe aled ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁times ▁to ▁the ▁Japanese ▁army , ▁with ▁John ▁R abe ▁using ▁his ▁credentials ▁as ▁a ▁Naz i ▁Party ▁member , ▁but ▁to ▁no ▁avail . ▁From ▁time ▁to ▁time , ▁the ▁Japanese ▁would ▁force fully ▁enter ▁the ▁Saf ety ▁Zone , ▁carry ▁off ▁a ▁few ▁hundred ▁men ▁and ▁women , ▁and ▁either ▁summar ily ▁execute ▁them ▁or ▁ra pe ▁and ▁then ▁kill ▁them . ▁The ▁Japanese ▁army ▁claimed ▁that ▁there ▁were ▁gu err illas ▁in ▁the ▁Saf ety ▁Zone ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁fact ▁that ▁anyone ▁not ▁we aring ▁a ▁uniform ▁could ▁enter . ▁ ▁End ▁In ▁late ▁January ▁ 1 9 3 8 , ▁the ▁Japanese ▁army ▁forced ▁all ▁refuge es ▁in ▁the ▁Saf ety ▁Zone ▁to ▁return ▁home , ▁and ▁claimed ▁to ▁have ▁" rest ored ▁order ". ▁On ▁February ▁ 1 8 , ▁ 1 9 3 8 , ▁the ▁N ank ing ▁Saf ety ▁Zone ▁International ▁Committee ▁was ▁for ci b ly ▁renamed ▁" N ank ing ▁International ▁Res cue ▁Committee ", ▁and ▁the ▁Saf ety ▁Zone ▁effectively ▁ceased ▁to ▁function . ▁The ▁last ▁refuge e ▁cam ps ▁were ▁closed ▁in ▁May ▁ 1 9 3 8 . ▁John ▁R abe ▁and ▁his ▁International ▁Committee ▁were ▁cred