▁to ▁take ▁the ▁reg nal ▁name ▁of ▁Pope ▁Clement ▁XIV . ▁▁▁▁ ▁June ▁ 3 ▁– ▁A ▁trans it ▁of ▁Ven us ▁is ▁followed ▁five ▁hours ▁later ▁by ▁a ▁total ▁solar ▁eclipse , ▁the ▁short est ▁such ▁interval ▁in ▁historical ▁times . ▁The ▁trans it ▁is ▁viewed ▁by ▁King ▁George ▁III ▁of ▁Great ▁Britain , ▁at ▁the ▁K ew ▁Observ atory . ▁ ▁June ▁ 7 ▁– ▁Front iers man ▁Daniel ▁Bo one ▁first ▁begins ▁to ▁explore ▁modern - day ▁Kentucky . ▁ ▁July – Se ptember ▁▁ ▁July ▁ 3 ▁– ▁Richard ▁Ar kw right ▁pat ents ▁a ▁spin ning ▁frame ▁in ▁England , ▁able ▁to ▁we ave ▁fabric ▁mechan ically . ▁ ▁July ▁ 1 6 ▁– ▁Father ▁Jun í per o ▁Ser ra ▁found s ▁Mission ▁San ▁Diego ▁de ▁Al cal á , ▁the ▁first ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 1 ▁California ▁miss ions . ▁ ▁July ▁ 2 0 ▁– ▁Rec ently - app oint ed ▁as ▁the ▁Governor ▁of ▁Spanish ▁Louisiana , ▁Irish - born ▁soldier ▁of ▁fortune ▁Ale j andro ▁O ' Re illy ▁s ails ▁into ▁the ▁French ▁fort ▁of ▁La ▁Bal ize ▁with ▁ 2 1 ▁Spanish ▁ships , ▁along ▁with ▁ 2 , 0 5 6 ▁soldiers , ▁can n ons ▁and ▁am mun ition , ▁and ▁inform s ▁French ▁Louisiana ▁Governor ▁Charles ▁Philippe ▁A ub ry ▁of ▁his ▁royal ▁commission ▁to ▁take ▁Louisiana ▁on ▁beh alf ▁of ▁the ▁King ▁of ▁Spain . ▁▁▁▁ ▁August ▁ 3 ▁– ▁The ▁party ▁of ▁Gas par ▁de ▁Port