▁the ▁Con quer or ' s ▁el dest ▁son , ▁against ▁William ▁R uf us . ▁It ▁was ▁during ▁this ▁conflict ▁that ▁the ▁castle ▁first ▁saw ▁military ▁action ; ▁the ▁city ▁and ▁castle ▁were ▁bes ie ged ▁after ▁O do ▁made ▁Ro chester ▁a ▁headquarters ▁for ▁the ▁re bell ion . ▁After ▁the ▁g arrison ▁capit ulated , ▁this ▁first ▁castle ▁was ▁abandoned . ▁ ▁Between ▁ 1 0 8 7 ▁and ▁ 1 0 8 9 , ▁R uf us ▁asked ▁G und ulf , ▁Bishop ▁of ▁Ro chester , ▁to ▁build ▁a ▁new ▁stone ▁castle ▁at ▁Ro chester . ▁He ▁established ▁the ▁current ▁extent ▁of ▁the ▁castle . ▁Though ▁much ▁alter ed ▁through ▁the ▁centuries , ▁some ▁parts ▁of ▁G und ulf ' s ▁work ▁surv ive . ▁In ▁ 1 1 2 7 ▁King ▁Henry   I ▁granted ▁the ▁castle ▁to ▁the ▁Arch bishop ▁of ▁Can ter bury ▁in ▁perpet u ity . ▁William ▁de ▁Cor be il ▁built ▁the ▁massive ▁keep ▁that ▁still ▁domin ates ▁the ▁castle ▁today . ▁Through out ▁the ▁ 1 2 th   century ▁the ▁castle ▁remained ▁in ▁the ▁cust ody ▁of ▁the ▁arch b ish ops . ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁First ▁Bar ons ' ▁War ▁( 1 2 1 5 – 1 2 1 7 ) ▁in ▁King ▁John ' s ▁reign , ▁bar onial ▁forces ▁captured ▁the ▁castle ▁from ▁Arch bishop ▁Stephen ▁Lang ton ▁and ▁held ▁it ▁against ▁the ▁king , ▁who ▁then ▁bes ie ged ▁it . ▁The ▁Bar n well ▁chron