▁Hong ▁Kong , ▁and ▁M unc ie , ▁Indiana ▁( USA ), ▁on ▁a ▁few ▁occasions ▁with ▁other ▁C IB ▁Comm issions , ▁and ▁at ▁several ▁of ▁the ▁tri enn ial ▁C IB ▁World ▁Congress es . ▁The ▁most ▁recent ▁conference ▁in ▁the ▁US ▁( 2 0 0 8 ) ▁focused ▁on ▁education , ▁and ▁included ▁an ▁international ▁student ▁competition , ▁with ▁w inners ▁from ▁Korea , ▁China , ▁Singapore ▁and ▁the ▁USA . ▁Each ▁conference ▁has ▁produced ▁a ▁published ▁book ▁of ▁proceed ings , ▁containing ▁a ▁total ▁now ▁of ▁over ▁ 3 0 0 ▁peer - review ed ▁papers . ▁ ▁State - of - the - art ▁Since ▁the ▁turn ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 1 st ▁century , ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁develop ments ▁in ▁various ▁countries ▁indicate ▁that ▁open ▁building ▁is ▁no ▁longer ▁a ▁spec ulative ▁idea ▁of ▁a ▁few ▁pione er ▁pract ition ers ▁and ▁the or ists . ▁It ▁has ▁or ▁is ▁po ised ▁to ▁become ▁main stream . ▁ ▁Sho pping ▁cent ers ▁and ▁office ▁buildings ▁are ▁recognized ▁as ▁exhib iting ▁the ▁characteristics ▁of ▁open ▁building . ▁An ▁architect , ▁working ▁for ▁a ▁developer , ▁will ▁design ▁a ▁base ▁building ▁that ▁defines ▁public ▁space ▁and ▁common ▁services , ▁leaving ▁space ▁for ▁individual ▁stores ▁or ▁offices , ▁which ▁h ire ▁their ▁own ▁architect ▁to ▁fill ▁in ▁their ▁le ased ▁space . ▁It ▁appears ▁that ▁no ▁theoretical ▁or ▁method ological ▁work ▁preced ed ▁the ▁coming ▁of ▁age ▁of ▁this ▁kind ▁of ▁architecture . ▁The ▁first ▁appearance ▁and ▁subsequent ▁evolution ▁of