▁pre - ex isting ▁Spanish ▁Catholic ▁nation ▁and ▁it ▁would ▁not ▁necessarily ▁convey ▁ade qu ately ▁" the ▁complexity ▁of ▁centuries ▁of ▁war ring ▁and ▁other ▁more ▁peace able ▁interactions ▁between ▁Muslim ▁and ▁Christian ▁kingdom s ▁in ▁medieval ▁I ber ia ▁between ▁ 7 1 1 ▁and ▁ 1 4 9 2 "). ▁ ▁The ▁C ali ph ate ▁of ▁C ór dob a ▁sub sum ed ▁in ▁a ▁period ▁of ▁up he aval ▁and ▁civil ▁war ▁( the ▁F it na ▁of ▁al - And alus ) ▁and ▁col lapsed ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 1 th ▁century , ▁sp aw ning ▁a ▁series ▁of ▁e ph em eral ▁state lets , ▁the ▁ta if as . ▁Until ▁the ▁mid ▁ 1 1 th ▁century , ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁territorial ▁expansion ▁south wards ▁of ▁the ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁Ast ur ias / Le ón ▁was ▁carried ▁out ▁through ▁a ▁policy ▁of ▁agricult ural ▁colon ization ▁rather ▁than ▁through ▁military ▁operations ; ▁then , ▁prof iting ▁from ▁the ▁fe eb len ess ▁of ▁the ▁ta ifa ▁principal ities , ▁Ferdinand ▁I ▁of ▁León ▁seized ▁Lam ego ▁and ▁V ise u ▁( 1 0 5 7 – 1 0 5 8 ) ▁and ▁Co im bra ▁( 1 0 6 4 ) ▁away ▁from ▁the ▁Ta ifa ▁of ▁B ada j oz ▁( at ▁times ▁at ▁war ▁with ▁the ▁Ta ifa ▁of ▁Se ville ); ▁Meanwhile , ▁in ▁the ▁same ▁year ▁Co im bra ▁was ▁conquer ed , ▁in ▁the ▁N ort he astern ▁part