▁upon ▁the ▁volunt ary ▁employ ment ▁of ▁all ▁citizens ▁between ▁the ▁ages ▁of ▁ 2 1 ▁and ▁ 4 5 , ▁after ▁which ▁time ▁all ▁would ▁ret ire . ▁Work ▁was ▁simple , ▁a ided ▁by ▁machine ▁production , ▁working ▁hours ▁short ▁and ▁vac ation ▁time ▁long . ▁The ▁new ▁economic ▁basis ▁of ▁society ▁effectively ▁re made ▁human ▁nature ▁itself ▁in ▁Bell amy ' s ▁id yl lic ▁vision , ▁with ▁gre ed , ▁mal icious ness , ▁un tr uth ful ness , ▁and ▁ins an ity ▁all ▁re leg ated ▁to ▁the ▁past . ▁ ▁The ▁Bell amy ite ▁movement ▁ ▁Although ▁Bell amy ▁ret ros pect ively ▁claimed ▁he ▁did ▁not ▁write ▁Looking ▁Back ward ▁as ▁a ▁blue print ▁for ▁political ▁action , ▁but ▁rather ▁sought ▁to ▁write ▁" a ▁literary ▁fant asy , ▁a ▁fair y ▁tale ▁of ▁social ▁fel icity ", ▁the ▁book ▁inspired ▁leg ions ▁of ▁inspired ▁readers ▁to ▁establish ▁so - called ▁National ist ▁Club s , ▁beginning ▁in ▁Boston ▁late ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 8 . ▁Bell amy ' s ▁vision ▁of ▁a ▁country ▁rel ieved ▁of ▁its ▁social ▁ill s ▁through ▁abandon ment ▁of ▁the ▁principle ▁of ▁competition ▁and ▁establishment ▁of ▁state ▁ownership ▁of ▁industry ▁proved ▁an ▁appe aling ▁pan ace a ▁to ▁a ▁generation ▁of ▁intellect uals ▁al ien ated ▁from ▁the ▁dark ▁side ▁of ▁G ild ed ▁Age ▁America . ▁By ▁ 1 8 9 1 ▁it ▁was ▁reported ▁that ▁no ▁fewer ▁than ▁ 1 6 2 ▁National ist ▁Club s