unity , ▁and ▁Im m igration ▁Modern ization ▁or ▁" G ang ▁of ▁E ight " ▁ ▁bill ▁which ▁passed ▁the ▁U . S . ▁Senate ▁in ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁Il legal ▁imm igration ▁is ▁an ▁extremely ▁controvers ial ▁issue ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁that ▁has ▁received ▁a ▁lot ▁of ▁attention ▁in ▁recent ▁dec ades ▁without ▁any ▁forward ▁action ▁in ▁response ▁to ▁the ▁issue . ▁Pro ponents ▁of ▁greater ▁imm igration ▁enfor cement ▁argue ▁that ▁illegal ▁imm igr ants ▁t arn ish ▁the ▁public ▁image ▁of ▁imm igr ants , ▁cost ▁tax pay ers ▁an ▁estimated ▁$ 3 3 8 . 3 ▁billion ▁( how ever , ▁oppon ents ▁claim ▁that ▁this ▁figure ▁is ▁err one ous ▁and ▁mis leading ▁assert ions ▁and ▁state ▁that ▁published ▁studies ▁vary ▁widely ▁but ▁put ▁the ▁cost ▁to ▁government ▁at ▁a ▁small ▁fraction ▁of ▁that ▁total ), ▁and ▁je op ard ize ▁the ▁safety ▁of ▁law ▁enfor cement ▁officials ▁and ▁citizens , ▁especially ▁along ▁the ▁Mexican ▁border . ▁ ▁Since ▁early ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁the ▁term ▁imm igration ▁reform ▁has ▁been ▁applied ▁to ▁efforts ▁to ▁" over ha ul " ▁the ▁broken ▁imm igration ▁system ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁In ▁his ▁November ▁ 2 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁speech ▁on ▁imm igration , ▁U . S . ▁President ▁Ob ama ▁summar ized ▁the ▁need ▁for ▁revision ▁to ▁imm igration ▁laws ▁and ▁procedures ▁as ▁follows : ▁ ▁Crit ics ▁of ▁Ob ama ' s ▁imm igration ▁positions