▁is ▁" necess ary " ▁to ▁the ▁Aff ord able ▁Care ▁Act ' s ▁other ▁re forms , ▁such ▁an ▁expansion ▁of ▁federal ▁power ▁is ▁not ▁a ▁" pro per " ▁means ▁for ▁making ▁those ▁re forms ▁effective ." ▁ ▁According ▁to ▁its ▁pro ponents , ▁the ▁r uling ▁returns ▁the ▁clause ▁to ▁its ▁original ▁interpretation , ▁out lined ▁by ▁John ▁Marshall ▁in ▁McC ul lo ch ▁v . ▁Maryland . ▁According ▁to ▁David ▁Kop el , ▁the ▁clause ▁" simp ly ▁rest ates ▁the ▁background ▁principle ▁that ▁Congress ▁can ▁exercise ▁powers ▁which ▁are ▁merely ▁' inc ident al ' ▁to ▁Congress ' s ▁enumer ated ▁powers ." ▁ ▁Name ▁of ▁the ▁clause ▁The ▁specific ▁term ▁" N ec ess ary ▁and ▁Pro per ▁Cla use " ▁was ▁co ined ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 6 ▁by ▁Associ ate ▁Justice ▁Louis ▁Bran de is , ▁writing ▁for ▁the ▁majority ▁in ▁the ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁decision ▁in ▁Lam bert ▁v . ▁Y ellow ley , ▁ 2 7 2 ▁U . S . ▁ 5 8 1 ▁( 1 9 2 6 ), ▁which ▁u ph eld ▁a ▁law ▁restrict ing ▁medic inal ▁use ▁of ▁alco hol ▁as ▁a ▁necessary ▁and ▁proper ▁exercise ▁of ▁power ▁under ▁the ▁ 1 8 th ▁Am end ment , ▁which ▁established ▁Pro hib ition . ▁ ▁The ▁phrase ▁has ▁become ▁the ▁label ▁of ▁choice ▁for ▁this ▁constitution al ▁clause . ▁It ▁was ▁univers ally ▁adopted ▁by ▁the ▁courts ▁and ▁received ▁Congress ' s ▁im prim atur ▁in ▁Title ▁