▁the ▁con quest ▁of ▁the ▁Al gar ve , ▁initi ated ▁an ▁over se as ▁expansion ▁in ▁parallel ▁to ▁the ▁rise ▁of ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁Av iz , ▁conqu ering ▁Ce uta ▁( 1 4 1 5 ) ▁arriv ing ▁at ▁Porto ▁Santo ▁( 1 4 1 8 ), ▁Made ira ▁and ▁the ▁Az ores , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁establish ing ▁additional ▁out posts ▁along ▁the ▁North - A fr ican ▁coast . ▁ ▁By ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 5 th ▁century ▁( 1 4 9 0 ) ▁the ▁I ber ian ▁kingdom s ▁( including ▁here ▁the ▁B ale ar ic ▁Islands ) ▁had ▁an ▁estimated ▁population ▁of ▁ 6 . 5 2 5 ▁million ▁( C rown ▁of ▁Cast ile , ▁ 4 . 3 ▁million ; ▁Portugal , ▁ 1 . 0 ▁million ; ▁Princi p ality ▁of ▁Catal onia , ▁ 0 . 3 ▁million ; ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁Val encia , ▁ 0 . 2 5 5 ▁million ; ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁Gran ada , ▁ 0 . 2 5 ▁million ; ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁Arag on , ▁ 0 . 2 5 ▁million ; ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁Navar re , ▁ 0 . 1 2 ▁million ▁and ▁the ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁Mall or ca , ▁ 0 . 0 5 ▁million ). ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁Late ▁Middle ▁A ges , ▁the ▁Jews ▁acquired ▁considerable ▁power ▁and ▁influence ▁in ▁Cast ile ▁and ▁Arag on . ▁ ▁For ▁three ▁dec ades ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 5 th ▁century , ▁the ▁Herm and