▁to ▁broad ▁ ▁took ▁place . ▁It ▁also ▁looks ▁as ▁if ▁mon os yll ables ▁were ▁more ▁likely ▁to ▁change ▁than ▁pol ys yll ables . ▁The ▁change ▁very ▁rarely ▁took ▁place ▁in ▁open ▁sy ll ables , ▁except ▁where ▁closely ▁derived ▁from ▁another ▁word ▁with ▁. ▁Thus ▁passing ▁is ▁closely ▁derived ▁from ▁pass , ▁and ▁so ▁has ▁broad ▁A ▁: ▁passage ▁is ▁not ▁so ▁closely ▁derived , ▁and ▁thus ▁has ▁flat ▁A ▁. ▁Here ▁is ▁the ▁set ▁of ▁words ▁that ▁under w ent ▁transition , ▁and ▁counter examples ▁with ▁the ▁same ▁environment : ▁ ▁For ▁the ▁words ▁in ▁the ▁last ▁row , ▁subsequent ▁sound ▁changes ▁have ▁alter ed ▁the ▁conditions ▁initially ▁responsible ▁for ▁length ening ▁ ▁There ▁are ▁some ▁words ▁in ▁which ▁both ▁pron unci ations ▁are ▁heard ▁among ▁southern ▁speak ers : ▁▁ ▁the ▁words ▁Bas que , ▁bast ard , ▁ch aff , ▁Glasgow , ▁l ather , ▁mass ▁( ch urch ▁service ) ▁ ▁Greek ▁elements ▁as ▁in ▁te legraph , ▁bl asto c yst , ▁ch lor op last ▁ ▁words ▁with ▁the ▁prefix ▁trans - ▁ ▁Use ▁of ▁broad ▁A ▁in ▁mass ▁is ▁distinct ly ▁conserv ative ▁and ▁rare ▁now : ▁other ▁international ▁fl uct u ations ▁are ▁both ▁common , ▁but ▁with ▁further ▁comp lications . ▁ ▁While ▁graph , ▁te legraph , ▁photograph ▁can ▁have ▁either ▁( now ▁in ▁Rece ived ▁Pr on unci ation , ▁they ▁have ▁broad ▁A ), ▁graph ic ▁and ▁permut ations ▁always ▁have ▁a ▁flat ▁A . ▁ ▁Broad ▁A