▁b ard es ▁by ▁Le ▁Sue ur ▁was ▁a ▁sell - out ▁at ▁the ▁Paris ▁Opera ▁in ▁ 1 8 0 4 , ▁and ▁transformed ▁his ▁career . ▁This ▁led ▁to ▁its ▁influence ▁on ▁Napoleon ▁and ▁G iro det ' s ▁ 1 8 0 5 ▁painting ▁O ss ian ▁receiving ▁the ▁G hosts ▁of ▁the ▁French ▁Hero es . ▁ ▁Other ▁characters ▁in ▁the ▁cycle , ▁including ▁Mal v ina ▁( M ala ▁M hin ), ▁who ▁has ▁at ▁least ▁two ▁oper as ▁based ▁around ▁her : ▁ ▁Pac ini ▁– ▁Mal v ina ▁di ▁S co zia ▁ ▁V ac ca i ▁– ▁Mal v ina ▁ ▁Oper as ▁by ▁Sc ots ▁ ▁Opera ▁was ▁a ▁late ▁st arter ▁in ▁Scotland . ▁Origin ating ▁in ▁Italy , ▁c . ▁ 1 6 0 0 , ▁where ▁it ▁was ▁fost ered ▁under ▁court ly ▁patron age , ▁the ▁art ▁form ▁eventually ▁spread ▁over ▁most ▁of ▁western ▁Europe ▁and ▁beyond . ▁However , ▁the ▁ 1 7 th ▁and ▁early ▁ 1 8 th ▁centuries ▁were ▁a ▁tum ult uous ▁period ▁in ▁Scottish ▁history . ▁Not ▁only ▁was ▁the ▁country ▁r iven , ▁first ▁by ▁religious ▁conflict ▁and ▁later ▁Jacob it ism , ▁but ▁the ▁departure ▁of ▁court ▁and ▁parliament ▁to ▁London ▁removed ▁potential ▁sources ▁of ▁support ▁and ▁patron age . ▁Theatre ▁did ▁not ▁fl our ish ▁in ▁this ▁period ▁either . ▁John ▁Home ' s ▁Douglas ▁was ▁heavily ▁critic ised ▁by ▁the ▁more ▁tradition ally ▁mind ed ▁elements ▁within ▁the ▁Church ▁of