▁provision ▁for ▁st oning ; ▁an ▁attempt ▁to ▁introduce ▁it ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁was ▁v eto ed ▁by ▁Governor ▁Ir wand i ▁Y us uf . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁A ce h ▁processed ▁ 3 2 4 ▁first ▁instance ▁court ▁cases ▁under ▁Islam ic ▁criminal ▁law , ▁and ▁carried ▁out ▁at ▁least ▁ 1 0 0 ▁can ing ▁sentences . ▁ ▁Supp or ters ▁of ▁Islam ic ▁criminal ▁law ▁defend ▁its ▁leg ality ▁under ▁the ▁special ▁aut onomy ▁granted ▁to ▁A ce h , ▁saying ▁that ▁it ▁is ▁covered ▁by ▁the ▁freedom ▁of ▁religion ▁of ▁the ▁people ▁of ▁A ce h . ▁Crit ics , ▁including ▁Am n esty ▁International , ▁object ▁to ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁can ing ▁as ▁a ▁pun ishment , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁criminal ization ▁of ▁cons ens ual ▁sex ▁outside ▁marriage . ▁ ▁Background ▁ ▁Special ▁aut onomy ▁of ▁A ce h ▁▁ ▁A ce h ▁is ▁the ▁western most ▁province ▁of ▁Indones ia , ▁with ▁a ▁population ▁of ▁ 4 . 4 9 mill ion ▁according ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁census ▁( rough ly ▁ 1 . 8 % ▁of ▁Indones ia ' s ▁total ▁population ). ▁It ▁diff ers ▁from ▁other ▁regions ▁of ▁Indones ia ▁due ▁to ▁its ▁distinct ▁political , ▁religious , ▁and ▁eth nic ▁identity , ▁formed ▁during ▁the ▁time ▁of ▁the ▁ind igen ous ▁pre - colon ial ▁states ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁A ce h ▁Sultan ate . ▁Muslim s ▁in ▁A ce h