▁of ▁ox id ation ▁equival ents . ▁However , ▁the ▁water ▁formed ▁must ▁be ▁removed ▁to ▁prevent ▁hydro ly s is ▁of ▁the ▁dim eth yl ▁ox al ate ▁product . ▁ ▁With ▁ 1 % ▁P d / α - Al 2 O 3 ▁dim eth yl ▁ox al ate ▁is ▁produced ▁select ively ▁in ▁a ▁dic ar b ony lation ▁reaction , ▁under ▁the ▁same ▁conditions ▁with ▁ 2 % ▁P d / C ▁dim eth yl ▁carbon ate ▁is ▁produced ▁by ▁mon oc ar b ony lation : ▁ ▁Alternatively , ▁the ▁ox id ative ▁car b ony lation ▁of ▁m eth an ol ▁can ▁be ▁carried ▁out ▁with ▁high ▁yield ▁and ▁select ivity ▁with ▁ 1 , 4 - ben zo quin one ▁as ▁an ▁ox id ant ▁in ▁the ▁system ▁P d ( O Ac ) 2 / P Ph 3 / ben zo quin one ▁with ▁mass ▁ratio ▁ 1 / 3 / 1 0 0 ▁at ▁ 6 5   ° C ▁and ▁ 7 0 ▁at m ▁CO : ▁ ▁Use ▁Dim eth yl ▁ox al ate ▁is ▁used ▁for ▁alk yl ation ▁and ▁in ▁the ▁cos met ics ▁industry ▁as ▁a ▁ch el ating ▁agent . ▁ ▁For ▁countries ▁with ▁low ▁oil ▁but ▁large ▁coal ▁res erves ▁( mean ing ▁countries ▁with ▁large ▁potential ▁for ▁synth esis ▁gas ▁based ▁chem istry , ▁e . g . ▁ch ina ), ▁the ▁ox id ative ▁car b ony lation ▁of ▁m eth an ol ▁provides ▁a