▁all ▁manner ▁of ▁bur dens ▁into ▁Jerusalem ▁on ▁the ▁S abb ath ▁day , ▁so ▁when ▁it ▁began ▁to ▁be ▁dark ▁before ▁the ▁S abb ath , ▁he ▁commanded ▁that ▁the ▁city ▁gates ▁be ▁shut ▁and ▁not ▁opened ▁till ▁after ▁the ▁S abb ath ▁and ▁directed ▁the ▁Lev ites ▁to ▁keep ▁the ▁gates ▁to ▁san ct ify ▁the ▁S abb ath . ▁ ▁The ▁Alt ar ▁ ▁which ▁prohib its ▁building ▁the ▁alt ar ▁from ▁he wn ▁stones , ▁explaining ▁that ▁w ield ing ▁tools ▁upon ▁the ▁stones ▁would ▁prof ane ▁them , ▁is ▁echo ed ▁by ▁▁ ▁which ▁prohib its ▁w ield ing ▁iron ▁tools ▁over ▁the ▁stones ▁of ▁the ▁alt ar ▁and ▁requires ▁that ▁the ▁Israel ites ▁build ▁the ▁alt ar ▁from ▁un he wn ▁stones . ▁ ▁In ▁early ▁non ra bb in ic ▁interpretation ▁The ▁par ash ah ▁has ▁par alle ls ▁or ▁is ▁discussed ▁in ▁these ▁early ▁non ra bb in ic ▁sources : ▁ ▁Ex od us ▁chapter ▁ 2 0 ▁ ▁The ▁S abb ath ▁ ▁told ▁how ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁century ▁B CE , ▁many ▁follow ers ▁of ▁the ▁p ious ▁Jewish ▁priest ▁Matt ath ias ▁re bel led ▁against ▁the ▁Sele uc id ▁king ▁Ant io chus ▁IV ▁E pi phan es . ▁ ▁Ant io chus ' s ▁soldiers ▁attacked ▁a ▁group ▁of ▁them ▁on ▁the ▁S abb ath , ▁and ▁when ▁the ▁Piet ists ▁failed ▁to ▁defend ▁themselves ▁so ▁as ▁to ▁honor ▁the ▁S abb ath ▁( command ed ▁in