▁occupied , ▁and ▁is ▁very ▁much ▁incl ined ▁to ▁draw ▁upon ▁un cons cious ▁learn ings ▁to ▁make ▁sense ▁of ▁things . ▁A ▁confused ▁person ▁is ▁in ▁a ▁tr ance ▁of ▁their ▁own ▁making ▁- ▁and ▁therefore ▁goes ▁readily ▁into ▁that ▁tr ance ▁without ▁resistance . ▁Conf usion ▁might ▁be ▁created ▁by ▁ambigu ous ▁words , ▁complex ▁or ▁end less ▁sentences , ▁pattern ▁inter ruption ▁or ▁a ▁my ri ad ▁of ▁other ▁techniques ▁to ▁in cite ▁trans der iv ational ▁searches . ▁ ▁Scottish ▁sur geon ▁James ▁Bra id , ▁who ▁co ined ▁the ▁term ▁" h yp not ism ", ▁claimed ▁that ▁focused ▁attention ▁was ▁essential ▁for ▁creating ▁hyp not ic ▁tr ances ; ▁indeed , ▁his ▁th esis ▁was ▁that ▁hyp nos is ▁was ▁in ▁ess ence ▁a ▁state ▁of ▁extreme ▁focus . ▁But ▁it ▁can ▁be ▁difficult ▁for ▁people ▁ra ck ed ▁by ▁pain , ▁fear ▁or ▁susp icion ▁to ▁focus ▁on ▁anything ▁at ▁all . ▁Thus ▁other ▁techniques ▁for ▁indu cing ▁tr ance ▁become ▁important , ▁or ▁as ▁Er ick son ▁explained : ▁▁ ▁... ▁long ▁and ▁frequent ▁use ▁of ▁the ▁confusion ▁technique ▁has ▁many ▁times ▁effect ed ▁exceed ingly ▁rapid ▁hyp not ic ▁indu ctions ▁under ▁unf av ou rable ▁conditions ▁such ▁as ▁ac ute ▁pain ▁of ▁terminal ▁m align ant ▁disease ▁and ▁in ▁persons ▁interested ▁but ▁host ile , ▁ag gress ive , ▁and ▁resist ant ▁... ▁ ▁Hand sh ake ▁induction ▁ ▁Among ▁Er ick son ' s ▁best - known ▁innov ations ▁is ▁the ▁hyp