- in come , ▁L GB T Q , ▁rural , ▁and ▁non - white ▁women ▁experience ▁the ▁greatest ▁hur d les ▁in ▁their ▁efforts ▁to ▁obtain ▁an ▁abort ion ▁in ▁many ▁parts ▁of ▁the ▁U . S . ▁Ob st acles ▁to ▁obtain ing ▁an ▁abort ion ▁in ▁the ▁US ▁include ▁a ▁lack ▁of ▁Med ica id ▁coverage ▁for ▁abort ions ▁( except ▁in ▁the ▁case ▁of ▁certain ▁circumstances , ▁such ▁as ▁life ▁end anger ment ), ▁restrict ive ▁state ▁laws ▁( such ▁as ▁those ▁requiring ▁parent al ▁consent ▁for ▁a ▁minor ▁seeking ▁an ▁abort ion ), ▁and ▁conscience ▁cla uses ▁allowing ▁medical ▁profession als ▁to ▁refuse ▁to ▁provide ▁women ▁with ▁abort ions , ▁related ▁information , ▁or ▁proper ▁refer r als . ▁Add itional ▁obst acles ▁to ▁access ▁include ▁a ▁lack ▁of ▁safety ▁for ▁prov iders ▁and ▁patients ▁at ▁abort ion ▁facilities , ▁the ▁conserv ative , ▁anti - choice ▁political ▁legisl ators ▁and ▁the ▁citizens ▁that ▁support ▁them , ▁and ▁a ▁lack ▁of ▁qualified ▁abort ion ▁prov iders , ▁especially ▁in ▁rural ▁states . ▁Ab ort ion ▁access ▁is ▁especially ▁challeng ing ▁for ▁women ▁in ▁pr isons , ▁j ails , ▁and ▁imm igr ant ▁det ention ▁cent ers . ▁Pro ponents ▁of ▁re product ive ▁justice ▁argue ▁that ▁with hold ing ▁access ▁to ▁abort ion ▁in ▁these ▁facilities ▁can ▁be ▁seen ▁as ▁a ▁viol ation ▁of ▁the ▁ 8 th ▁Am end ment ▁prevent ing ▁cruel ▁and ▁unusual ▁pun ish ments . ▁A ▁survey ▁presented ▁in ▁Cont ra ception