2 0 1 4 ▁in ▁the ▁US ▁and ▁ 8 8 % ▁of ▁such ▁procedures ▁in ▁the ▁UK . ▁ ▁The ▁oper ative ▁goals ▁of ▁a ▁ble ph ar op last ic ▁procedure ▁are ▁the ▁rest oration ▁of ▁the ▁correct ▁function ing ▁to ▁the ▁affected ▁e y el id ( s ) ▁and ▁the ▁rest oration ▁of ▁the ▁a est het ics ▁of ▁the ▁eye - region ▁of ▁the ▁face , ▁which ▁are ▁achieved ▁by ▁elimin ating ▁excess ▁skin ▁from ▁the ▁e y el id ( s ), ▁sm o othing ▁the ▁underlying ▁eye ▁mus cles , ▁tight ening ▁the ▁supporting ▁structures , ▁and ▁res ect ing ▁and ▁re - d rap ing ▁the ▁excess ▁fat ▁of ▁the ▁ret rose pt al ▁area ▁of ▁the ▁eye , ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁produce ▁a ▁smooth ▁an atomic ▁transition ▁from ▁the ▁lower ▁e y el id ▁to ▁the ▁che ek . ▁ ▁In ▁an ▁eye ▁surg ery ▁procedure , ▁the ▁usual ▁correction ▁or ▁modification ▁( or ▁both ) ▁is ▁of ▁the ▁upper ▁and ▁the ▁lower ▁e y el ids , ▁and ▁of ▁the ▁surrounding ▁t issues ▁of ▁the ▁e y eb rows , ▁the ▁upper ▁nas al - bridge ▁area , ▁and ▁the ▁upper ▁port ions ▁of ▁the ▁che eks , ▁which ▁are ▁achieved ▁by ▁modifying ▁the ▁peri ost e al ▁cover ings ▁of ▁the ▁fa cial ▁b ones ▁that ▁form ▁the ▁orbit ▁( ey e ▁socket ). ▁The ▁peri ost e um ▁compr ises ▁two - layer ▁connect ive ▁t issues ▁that ▁cover ▁the ▁b