▁Med ium " ▁▁ ▁Appar ent ▁Fail ure ▁▁ ▁Ep ilog ue ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁D ram atis ▁Person ae ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 6 4 ▁po ems ▁Category : English ▁poetry ▁collections ▁* D ram atis ▁Person ae <0x0A> </s> ▁Martín ▁Er asto ▁Tor rij os ▁Esp ino ▁( ; ▁born ▁July ▁ 1 8 , ▁ 1 9 6 3 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Pan aman ian ▁politician ▁who ▁was ▁President ▁of ▁Pan ama ▁from ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁to ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁father ed ▁out ▁of ▁wed lock ▁by ▁Pan aman ian ▁military ▁r uler ▁O mar ▁Tor rij os . ▁Martín ▁Tor rij os ▁was ▁educated ▁in ▁econom ics ▁and ▁political ▁science ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁He ▁then ▁returned ▁to ▁Pan ama , ▁becoming ▁active ▁in ▁the ▁Democratic ▁Revolution ary ▁Party ▁( PR D ). ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁party ' s ▁president ial ▁candidate ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 9 ▁general ▁election , ▁losing ▁to ▁Arn ulf ista ▁Party ▁candidate ▁M ire ya ▁Mos cos o . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁president ial ▁election , ▁he ▁ran ▁again ▁as ▁the ▁PR D ▁candidate . ▁This ▁time , ▁his ▁primary ▁rival ▁was ▁Sol id ar ity ▁Party ▁candidate ▁Gu ill ermo ▁End ara , ▁whom ▁Tor rij os ▁defeated ▁▁ 4 7 % ▁to ▁ 3 1 %. ▁Tor rij os ▁reform ed ▁social ▁security ▁and ▁p ensions ▁during ▁his ▁term ▁in ▁office , ▁as ▁well