▁E scher ich ia ▁col i , ▁for ▁example , ▁the ▁sequence ▁is ▁AG G AG G U , ▁while ▁the ▁shorter ▁ ▁domin ates ▁in ▁E . ▁col i ▁virus ▁T 4 ▁early ▁gen es . ▁ ▁The ▁Sh ine - D al gar no ▁sequence ▁was ▁proposed ▁by ▁Australian ▁scient ists ▁John ▁Sh ine ▁and ▁Lyn n ▁Dal gar no . ▁ ▁Rec ogn ition ▁ ▁Trans lation ▁start ▁sites ▁Using ▁ ▁a ▁method ▁developed ▁by ▁H unt , ▁Sh ine ▁and ▁Dal gar no ▁showed ▁that ▁the ▁nucle ot ide ▁tract ▁at ▁the ▁ 3 ' ▁end ▁of ▁E . ▁col i ▁ 1 6 S ▁rib os om al ▁R NA ▁( r R NA ) ▁( that ▁is , ▁the ▁end ▁where ▁translation ▁begins ) ▁is ▁p yr im id ine - rich ▁and ▁has ▁the ▁specific ▁sequence ▁. ▁They ▁proposed ▁that ▁these ▁rib os om al ▁nucle ot ides ▁recognize ▁the ▁complement ary ▁pur ine - rich ▁sequence ▁, ▁which ▁is ▁found ▁up stream ▁of ▁the ▁start ▁cod on ▁A UG ▁in ▁a ▁number ▁m R N As ▁found ▁in ▁vir uses ▁that ▁affect ▁E . ▁col i . ▁Many ▁studies ▁have ▁confirmed ▁that ▁base ▁pair ing ▁between ▁the ▁Sh ine - D al gar no ▁sequence ▁in ▁m R NA ▁and ▁the ▁ 3 ' ▁end ▁of ▁ 1 6 S ▁r R NA ▁is ▁of ▁prime ▁importance ▁for ▁init iation ▁of ▁translation ▁by ▁b acter ial ▁rib os om es . ▁ ▁Given ▁the ▁complement