▁the ▁n emat odes , ▁with ▁the ▁combined ▁damage ▁being ▁consider ably ▁greater ▁than ▁the ▁sum ▁of ▁the ▁dam ages ▁caused ▁by ▁each ▁path ogen ▁acting ▁alone . ▁ ▁In ▁pot atoes ▁it ▁has ▁been ▁shown ▁that ▁Pr aty len chus ▁pen etr ans ▁has ▁a ▁relationship ▁with ▁Vert ic ill ium ▁dah lia e ▁in ▁causing ▁Pot ato ▁Early ▁D ying ▁Sy nd rome . ▁▁ ▁Pot ato ▁Early ▁D ying ▁causes ▁prem ature ▁v ine ▁death , ▁severe ▁yield ▁losses , ▁sc ab by ▁appearance ▁with ▁sun ken ▁les ions , ▁and ▁dark , ▁w art - like ▁b umps ▁that ▁turn ▁pur ple ▁on ▁tub ers ▁in ▁storage . ▁ ▁The ▁fung us ▁is ▁not ▁shown ▁to ▁be ▁transm itted ▁by ▁the ▁n emat ode , ▁however ▁it ▁has ▁an ▁increased ▁ability ▁to ▁inf ect ▁because ▁of ▁the ▁mechanical ▁damage ▁caused ▁by ▁root ▁les ion ▁n emat odes . ▁ ▁Also ▁documented . ▁is ▁that ▁vari eties ▁ordin arily ▁resist ant ▁to ▁Vert ic ill ium ▁apparently ▁becomes ▁inf ected ▁by ▁it ▁after ▁previous ▁in fection ▁by ▁Pr aty len chus . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Bibli ography ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁Pr aty len chus ▁pen etr ans . ▁Nem ap lex . ▁University ▁of ▁California , ▁Davis . ▁ ▁pen etr ans ▁Category : Pl ant ▁path ogen ic ▁n emat odes ▁Category : N emat odes ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 1 <0x0A> </s> ▁Mah ap iti y age ▁Vel in ▁Peter ▁Pe ir is , ▁O