▁After ▁a ▁quick ▁campaign ▁that ▁was ▁assist ed ▁by ▁northern ▁y ang ban ▁who ▁had ▁supported ▁G w ang ha eg un , ▁the ▁J urch ens ▁im posed ▁a ▁treat y ▁that ▁forced ▁Jose on ▁to ▁accept ▁" bro ther ly ▁relations " ▁with ▁the ▁J urch en ▁kingdom . ▁Because ▁In jo ▁pers isted ▁in ▁his ▁anti - Man ch u ▁policies , ▁Q ing ▁em peror ▁Hong ▁Ta iji ▁sent ▁a ▁pun itive ▁expedition ▁of ▁ 1 2 0 , 0 0 0 ▁men ▁to ▁Jose on ▁in ▁ 1 6 3 6 . ▁De fe ated , ▁King ▁In jo ▁was ▁forced ▁to ▁end ▁his ▁relations ▁with ▁the ▁M ing ▁and ▁recognize ▁the ▁Q ing ▁as ▁su zer ain ▁instead . ▁In jo ' s ▁successor ▁Hy oj ong ▁of ▁Jose on ▁( r . ▁ 1 6 4 9 – 1 6 5 9 ) ▁tried ▁to ▁form ▁an ▁army ▁to ▁keep ▁his ▁enemies ▁away ▁and ▁conquer ▁the ▁Q ing ▁for ▁reven ge , ▁but ▁could ▁never ▁act ▁on ▁his ▁designs . ▁ ▁Despite ▁re est ab lish ing ▁economic ▁relations ▁by ▁officially ▁entering ▁the ▁imperial ▁Chinese ▁trib ut ary ▁system , ▁Jose on ▁leaders ▁and ▁intellect uals ▁remained ▁res ent ful ▁of ▁the ▁Man chus , ▁whom ▁they ▁regarded ▁as ▁bar b ari ans . ▁Long ▁after ▁subm itting ▁to ▁the ▁Q ing , ▁the ▁Jose on ▁court ▁and ▁many ▁Korean ▁intellect uals ▁kept ▁using ▁M ing ▁reign ▁periods , ▁as ▁when ▁a ▁scholar ▁marked ▁ 1