▁the ▁Cleveland ▁Z ion ist ▁District . ▁In ▁the ▁ 1 9 4 0 s , ▁he ▁served ▁as ▁the ▁information ▁director ▁of ▁the ▁Jewish ▁Agency ▁and ▁following ▁the ▁establishment ▁of ▁the ▁State ▁of ▁Israel ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 8 , ▁he ▁served ▁on ▁the ▁Isra eli ▁deleg ation ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁Nations . ▁Regarding ▁this ▁period , ▁he ▁wrote ▁in ▁his ▁book ▁Israel ' s ▁Def ense ▁Line : ▁ ▁Our ▁Jewish ▁community ▁faced ▁a ▁challenge ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 2 . ▁Num bed ▁and ▁hel pl ess ▁by stand ers ▁as ▁Adolf ▁Hitler ▁w aged ▁his ▁dem onia cal ▁war ▁against ▁the ▁Jewish ▁people , ▁em bit tered ▁by ▁our ▁failure ▁to ▁r ouse ▁the ▁dem oc ra cies ▁to ▁d eter ▁Hitler , ▁to ▁rescue ▁and ▁open ▁doors ▁to ▁those ▁who ▁might ▁be ▁saved , ▁American ▁Jews ▁assumed ▁their ▁responsibility ▁during ▁World ▁War ▁II . ▁Despite ▁the ▁opposition ▁of ▁the ▁Department ▁of ▁State , ▁they ▁made ▁a ▁commit ment ▁to ▁establish ▁an ▁independent ▁Jewish ▁state ▁where ▁Jews ▁could ▁live ▁in ▁freedom ▁and ▁security . ▁ ▁Regarding ▁the ▁establishment ▁of ▁A IP AC ▁he ▁wrote : ▁ ▁The ▁lo bb y ▁for ▁Israel , ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁American ▁Israel ▁Public ▁Affairs ▁Committee ▁( A IP AC ) ▁since ▁ 1 9 5 9 , ▁came ▁into ▁existence ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 1 . ▁It ▁was ▁established ▁at ▁that ▁time ▁because ▁Israel ▁needed ▁American ▁economic ▁assistance ▁to ▁enable ▁her ▁to ▁abs orb ▁the ▁huge ▁infl ux ▁of ▁refuge es