atory ▁of ▁Music ▁to ▁study ▁ban jo . ▁He ▁studied ▁guitar ▁at ▁Param ount ▁Music ▁Studios , ▁and ▁guitar ▁became ▁his ▁primary ▁instrument . ▁ ▁Professional ▁career ▁Luc ie ' s ▁professional ▁career ▁began ▁as ▁a ▁temporary ▁substitute ▁for ▁Fred ▁Guy ▁in ▁the ▁Duke ▁Ell ington ▁Orchestra ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 1 . ▁He ▁spent ▁the ▁next ▁two ▁years ▁playing ▁guitar ▁for ▁Ben ny ▁Carter , ▁followed ▁by ▁F let cher ▁Hend erson , ▁the ▁M ills ▁Blue ▁Rh ythm ▁Band , ▁L ucky ▁Mill inder , ▁Cole man ▁Haw kins ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 0 , ▁and ▁Louis ▁Arm strong ▁until ▁ 1 9 4 4 , ▁recording ▁with ▁all ▁of ▁them ▁except ▁Ell ington . ▁He ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁found ▁on ▁record ▁with ▁Red ▁Allen , ▁Put ney ▁D and ridge , ▁Bill ie ▁Hol iday , ▁S pi ke ▁Hugh es , ▁J elly ▁Roll ▁Mort on , ▁Big ▁Joe ▁Turner , ▁and ▁Ted dy ▁Wilson . ▁ ▁Luc ie ▁served ▁in ▁the ▁U . S . ▁Army , ▁then ▁became ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁small ▁groups ▁in ▁contrast ▁to ▁his ▁big ▁band ▁years , ▁and ▁worked ▁often ▁as ▁a ▁studio ▁music ian . ▁He ▁spent ▁his ▁career ▁as ▁a ▁rh ythm ▁guitar ist , ▁s eld om ▁taking ▁sol os ▁until ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 0 s , ▁when ▁he ▁founded ▁Toy ▁Records ▁to ▁issue ▁music ▁performed ▁by ▁him ▁and ▁his ▁wife , ▁N ora ▁Lee ▁King . ▁In ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 s ▁and