rane ▁dis orders ▁producing ▁cod ocy tes ▁Other ▁dis orders ▁which ▁cause ▁macro cy t osis ▁without ▁DNA ▁rep lication ▁problems ▁( i . e ., ▁non - m eg al ob last ic ▁macro cy t ic ▁an em ias ), ▁are ▁dis orders ▁associated ▁with ▁increased ▁red ▁cell ▁memb rane ▁surface ▁area , ▁such ▁as ▁path ologies ▁of ▁the ▁li ver ▁and ▁s ple en ▁which ▁produce ▁cod ocy tes ▁or ▁" target ▁cells " ▁which ▁have ▁a ▁central ▁collection ▁of ▁hem og lo bin ▁surrounded ▁by ▁a ▁p all or ▁( a ▁thin ▁area ) ▁then ▁followed ▁by ▁a ▁th icker ▁collection ▁of ▁hem og lo bin ▁at ▁the ▁rim ▁of ▁the ▁cell . ▁ ▁Al co hol ▁Round ▁macro cy tes ▁which ▁are ▁not ▁cod ocy tes ▁are ▁produced ▁in ▁chron ic ▁alco hol ism ▁( which ▁produces ▁a ▁m ild ▁macro cy t osis ▁even ▁in ▁the ▁absence ▁of ▁vit amin ▁def ic iency ), ▁apparently ▁as ▁a ▁direct ▁to xic ▁effect ▁of ▁alco hol ▁specifically ▁on ▁the ▁b one ▁mar row . ▁Ex cess ive ▁alco hol ▁consumption ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁common ▁causes ▁of ▁macro cy t osis ▁and ▁non - m eg al ob last ic ▁macro cy t ic ▁an emia . ▁ ▁Association ▁with ▁rapid ▁red ▁cell ▁turn over ▁and ▁ret icul oc yt osis ▁M ild ▁macro cy t osis ▁is ▁a ▁common ▁finding ▁associated ▁with ▁rapid ▁blood ▁rest oration ▁or ▁production , ▁since ▁in ▁general , ▁" f resh "