. ▁ ▁Emer gency ▁response ▁ ▁The ▁Common ▁Alert ing ▁Pro tocol ▁( C AP ) ▁is ▁a ▁standard ▁increasing ly ▁used ▁for ▁relay ing ▁information ▁from ▁various ▁ag encies ▁to ▁the ▁public ▁and ▁to ▁police ▁and ▁first ▁respond ers . ▁One ▁challenge ▁that ▁public ▁notification ▁faces ▁is ▁that ▁the ▁traditional ▁Emer gency ▁Broadcast ing ▁System ▁for ▁transm itting ▁information ▁over ▁the ▁radio ▁is ▁now ▁much ▁less ▁effective , ▁now ▁that ▁the ▁public ▁is ▁tun ed ▁ ▁instead ▁to ▁personal ▁media ▁players ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁i Pod . ▁New ▁versions ▁of ▁these ▁protocol s ▁anticip ate , ▁for ▁example , ▁direct ▁text ing ▁of ▁all ▁cell ▁ph ones ▁in ▁range ▁of ▁a ▁given ▁cell ▁tower ▁or ▁set ▁of ▁cell ▁to wers . ▁ ▁In ▁a ▁similar ▁manner , ▁current ▁propos als ▁suggest ▁direct ▁mess aging ▁to ▁Int ellig ent ▁Build ings ▁to ▁invoke ▁named ▁o B IX ▁contract s , ▁with ▁effects ▁r anging ▁from ▁temporary ▁user ▁security ▁elev ation , ▁to ▁initi ating ▁process ▁shut ▁down , ▁to ▁not ifying ▁in - building ▁warning ▁systems ▁to ▁read ▁messages ▁al oud . ▁ ▁The ▁Open ▁Ge osp atial ▁Cons ort ium ▁anticip ates ▁Emer gency ▁Res pond ers ▁being ▁able ▁to ▁access ▁certain ▁classes ▁of ▁ge o - tag ged ▁sensor ▁information ▁from ▁buildings ▁from ▁within ▁their ▁maps ▁to ▁improve ▁situ ational ▁aw aren ess . ▁ ▁Emer ging ▁power ▁mark ets ▁ ▁The ▁Grid W ise ▁Architecture ▁Council ▁en vis ions ▁an ▁open ▁market ▁or ▁Power ▁Pro viders , ▁Trans mission ,