▁( M ost ▁of ▁this ▁was ▁eventually ▁used ▁in ▁the ▁collect iv ization ▁and ▁creation ▁of ▁sov k hoz - like ▁State ▁Agricult ural ▁Far ms ▁" P GR "). ▁However , ▁the ▁collect iv ization ▁of ▁Polish ▁far ming ▁never ▁reached ▁the ▁same ▁extent ▁as ▁it ▁did ▁in ▁the ▁Soviet ▁Union ▁or ▁other ▁countries ▁of ▁the ▁Eastern ▁B loc . ▁ ▁National isation ▁began ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 4 , ▁with ▁the ▁pro - S ov iet ▁government ▁taking ▁over ▁indust ries ▁in ▁the ▁newly ▁acquired ▁territ ories ▁along ▁with ▁the ▁rest ▁of ▁the ▁country . ▁As ▁national ization ▁was ▁un pop ular , ▁the ▁commun ists ▁delayed ▁the ▁national ization ▁reform ▁until ▁ 1 9 4 6 , ▁when ▁after ▁the ▁ 3 x TA K ▁refer end ums ▁they ▁were ▁fairly ▁certain ▁they ▁had ▁total ▁control ▁of ▁the ▁state ▁and ▁could ▁deal ▁a ▁heavy ▁blow ▁to ▁event ual ▁public ▁protest s . ▁Some ▁semi - o fficial ▁national isation ▁of ▁various ▁private ▁enter pr ises ▁had ▁begun ▁also ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 4 . ▁In ▁ 1 9 4 6 , ▁all ▁enter pr ises ▁with ▁over ▁ 5 0 ▁employees ▁were ▁national ised , ▁with ▁no ▁compens ation ▁to ▁Polish ▁own ers . ▁ ▁The ▁Al lied ▁pun ishment ▁of ▁Germany ▁for ▁the ▁war ▁of ▁destruction ▁was ▁intended ▁to ▁include ▁large - scale ▁re par ations ▁to ▁Poland . ▁However , ▁those ▁were ▁trunc ated ▁into ▁ins ign ific ance ▁by ▁the ▁break - up ▁of ▁Germany