ij ay an agar ▁style , ▁the ▁best ▁examples ▁of ▁which ▁are ▁in ▁the ▁vast ▁open ▁air ▁the ater ▁of ▁monuments ▁at ▁H amp i . ▁ ▁Islam ▁and ▁Christian ity ▁Islam , ▁which ▁had ▁an ▁early ▁presence ▁in ▁the ▁west ▁coast ▁of ▁India ▁as ▁early ▁as ▁the ▁ 1 0 th ▁century ▁gained ▁a ▁fo oth old ▁in ▁K arn ata ka ▁with ▁the ▁arrival ▁of ▁the ▁Bah man i ▁Sultan ate ▁and ▁Ad il ▁Shah i ▁dynast y , ▁which ▁ruled ▁parts ▁of ▁K arn ata ka . ▁ ▁Christian ity ▁reached ▁K arn ata ka ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 6 th ▁century ▁with ▁the ▁arrival ▁of ▁the ▁Portuguese ▁and ▁St . ▁Francis ▁X avier ▁in ▁ 1 5 4 5 . ▁ ▁Today , ▁Islam ▁and ▁Christian ity ▁have ▁a ▁s izable ▁following ▁in ▁K arn ata ka ▁and ▁have ▁contributed ▁to ▁the ▁cultural ▁cosm opol itan ism ▁of ▁the ▁state . ▁ ▁Islam ▁ ▁Islam ▁arrived ▁in ▁K arn ata ka ▁and ▁Ker ala ▁in ▁the ▁ 7 th ▁century ▁with ▁Arab ▁mer ch ants ▁trad ing ▁in ▁sp ices . ▁Muslim s ▁introduced ▁coffee , ▁and ▁the ▁paper ▁industry ▁to ▁the ▁local ▁economy . ▁Following ▁the ▁ 1 2 th ▁century , ▁various ▁inv ading ▁Islam ic ▁arm ies ▁established ▁s ultan ates ▁in ▁this ▁area ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁Bah am ani ▁s ultan ate ▁of ▁B id ar ▁( 1 3 4 7 – 1 5 1 0 ) ▁and ▁the ▁Ad il sh ah i ▁dynast