▁behav iors ▁induced ▁by ▁infl amm ation ▁( complete ▁Freund ' s ▁adj uv ant ▁and ▁formal in ). ▁ ▁Although ▁it ▁is ▁not ▁firm ly ▁confirmed ▁whether ▁no x ious ▁cold ▁sens ation ▁is ▁medi ated ▁by ▁TR PA 1 ▁in ▁v ivo , ▁several ▁recent ▁studies ▁clearly ▁demonstrated ▁cold ▁activation ▁of ▁TR PA 1 ▁channels ▁in ▁vit ro . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁heat - sens itive ▁l ore al ▁pit ▁org ans ▁of ▁many ▁sn akes ▁TR PA 1 ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁detection ▁of ▁inf ra red ▁radiation . ▁ ▁Str ucture ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁the ▁labor ator ies ▁of ▁David ▁Julius ▁and ▁Y if an ▁Ch eng ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁California , ▁San ▁Francisco ▁used ▁cry o - elect ron ▁micro sc opy ▁to ▁solve ▁the ▁three - dimensional ▁structure ▁of ▁TR PA 1 . ▁This ▁work ▁revealed ▁that ▁the ▁channel ▁assemb les ▁as ▁a ▁hom ot et ram er , ▁and ▁poss esses ▁numerous ▁intr igu ing ▁struct ural ▁features ▁that ▁hint ▁at ▁its ▁complex ▁reg ulation ▁by ▁ir rit ants , ▁cy top las mic ▁second ▁mess engers ▁( e . g ., ▁calci um ), ▁cell ular ▁co - fact ors ▁( e . g ., ▁in organ ic ▁an ions ▁like ▁poly ph osph ates ), ▁and ▁lip ids ▁( e . g ., ▁P IP 2 ). ▁ ▁Most ▁not ably , ▁the ▁site ▁of ▁c oval ent ▁modification ▁and ▁activation ▁for ▁elect roph il ic ▁ir rit