▁over t ly ▁en force ▁an ▁anti - rel ig ion ▁policy , ▁other ▁than ▁through ▁pass ive ▁means , ▁because ▁it ▁sought ▁to ▁bring ▁Mong olia ▁and ▁Tib et ▁into ▁its ▁sphere ▁of ▁influence . ▁ ▁The ▁government ▁also ▁was ▁comp elled ▁to ▁respond ▁to ▁domestic ▁dist urban ces ▁resulting ▁from ▁the ▁economic ▁policies ▁of ▁War ▁Commun ism ▁and ▁the ▁ 1 9 2 1 ▁fam ine . ▁The ▁pass ive ▁measures ▁that ▁were ▁taken ▁by ▁Soviet ▁authorities ▁to ▁control ▁the ▁people ▁included ▁the ▁im position ▁of ▁a ▁har sh ▁tax ▁to ▁close ▁places ▁of ▁worship ▁and ▁religious ▁schools . ▁The ▁C yr ill ic ▁script ▁replaced ▁Tod o ▁B ich ig , ▁the ▁traditional ▁Kal my k ▁vertical ▁script . ▁▁▁ ▁On ▁January ▁ 2 2 , ▁ 1 9 2 2 , ▁Mong olia ▁proposed ▁to ▁migr ate ▁the ▁Kal my ks ▁during ▁the ▁fam ine ▁in ▁Kal my k ia , ▁but ▁Russia ▁refused . ▁ 7 1 – 7 2 , 0 0 0 ▁Kal my ks ▁died ▁during ▁the ▁fam ine . ▁Revol ts ▁er upt ed ▁among ▁the ▁Kal my ks ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 6 ▁and ▁ 1 9 3 0 ▁( on ▁ 1 9 4 2 – 1 9 4 3 , ▁see ▁the ▁next ▁section ). ▁In ▁March ▁ 1 9 2 7 , ▁Soviet ▁deport ed ▁ 2 0 , 0 0 0 ▁Kal my ks ▁to ▁the ▁t und ras ▁of ▁Si ber ia ▁and ▁K are lia .