. ▁ ▁Task ▁C : ▁The ▁Hab itable ▁Planet ▁▁ ▁This ▁task ▁uses ▁observ ational ▁data , ▁models ▁and ▁orb ital ▁dynamics ▁to ▁explore ▁the ▁distribution ▁of ▁habit able ▁world s ▁in ▁the ▁universe . ▁The ▁V PL ▁team ▁studies ▁the ▁effects ▁of ▁gal actic , ▁stell ar , ▁and ▁planet ary ▁environments ▁on ▁planet ary ▁habit ability . ▁ ▁Task ▁D : ▁The ▁Living ▁Planet ▁▁ ▁Task ▁D ▁incorpor ates ▁V PL ▁research ers ▁from ▁diverse ▁and ▁inter dis cipl inary ▁fields ▁who ▁use ▁labor atory ▁work ▁combined ▁with ▁chemical ▁and ▁climate ▁models ▁to ▁study ▁the ▁impact ▁of ▁life ▁on ▁its ▁environment . ▁In ▁addition , ▁the ▁interactions ▁between ▁the ▁b ios phere , ▁planet , ▁and ▁host ▁star ▁are ▁expl ored ▁to ▁determine ▁how ▁they ▁can ▁influence ▁detect able ▁b ios ign atures . ▁ ▁Task ▁E : ▁The ▁Ob server ▁▁ ▁In ▁the ▁final ▁task , ▁the ▁V PL ▁scient ists ▁observe ▁our ▁Sol ar ▁System ▁and ▁ex tras olar ▁plan ets . ▁The ▁goal ▁of ▁this ▁task ▁is ▁to ▁develop ▁astronom ical ▁and ▁remote - sens ing ▁retr ieval ▁methods . ▁In ▁addition , ▁V PL ▁members ▁use ▁teles cope ▁and ▁instrument ▁sim ul ators ▁to ▁study ▁which ▁measurements , ▁obser ving ▁strateg ies , ▁and ▁analysis ▁techniques ▁are ▁necessary ▁for ▁the ▁character ization ▁of ▁ex op lan ets . ▁ ▁Mod els ▁▁ 1 D ▁Rad i ative ▁Con ve ct ive ▁and ▁Phot och em ical ▁Mod els ▁ ▁Sol ar ▁Fl ux ▁Model ▁ ▁Hab itable