▁gra zing ▁on ▁public ▁land ▁entirely . ▁En for cement ▁was ▁largely ▁in effect ive ▁though , ▁because ▁there ▁were ▁no ▁represent atives ▁of ▁the ▁General ▁Land ▁Office ▁in ▁West ▁Texas . ▁In ▁April ▁ 1 8 8 3 , ▁another ▁law ▁was ▁passed ▁that ▁called ▁for ▁she e ph erd ers ▁to ▁present ▁a ▁certificate ▁showing ▁that ▁their ▁her d ▁had ▁been ▁ins pected ▁for ▁sc ab ▁before ▁crossing ▁any ▁county ▁borders . ▁C ut ting ▁f ences ▁became ▁a ▁fel ony ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 4 ▁and , ▁around ▁the ▁same ▁time , ▁West ▁Texas ▁experienced ▁a ▁land ▁r ush , ▁which ▁se aled ▁off ▁many ▁sheep ▁and ▁cattle men ▁from ▁accessing ▁public ▁land . ▁In ▁some ▁cases , ▁she e ph erd ers ▁were ▁forced ▁to ▁cut ▁f ences ▁and ▁cross ▁into ▁private ▁property ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁reach ▁public ▁land ▁but , ▁eventually , ▁" a ▁type ▁of ▁code ▁was ▁evol ved ▁that ▁required ▁the ▁her der ▁to ▁drive ▁his ▁f lock s ▁at ▁least ▁five ▁miles ▁a ▁day ▁on ▁level ▁terrain ▁or ▁at ▁least ▁three ▁miles ▁a ▁day ▁in ▁rough er ▁country ▁[ when ▁crossing ▁private ▁land ] ." ▁Comp ared ▁to ▁other ▁American ▁states , ▁the ▁level ▁of ▁violence ▁in ▁the ▁Texas ▁sheep ▁wars ▁was ▁minimal . ▁ ▁Arizona ▁Of ▁all ▁the ▁range ▁wars ▁in ▁American ▁history , ▁the ▁Ple asant ▁Valley ▁War ▁in ▁Arizona ▁was ▁the ▁most ▁cost ly . ▁It ▁was ▁fought ▁between ▁the ▁families ▁of ▁John ▁D . ▁T ew ks bury ▁and ▁Tom