▁J . ▁Ger oul is ▁and ▁introduced ▁to ▁medical ▁trial ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 8 . ▁Trans con j unct ival ▁Te chni que ▁has ▁become ▁the ▁norm ▁in ▁the ▁pl astic ▁surg ery ▁field ▁with ▁most ▁sur ge ons ▁prefer ring ▁it ▁over ▁the ▁external ▁surg ical ▁in cis ions . ▁This ▁technique ▁is ▁particularly ▁useful ▁for ▁patients ▁with ▁dark er ▁skin ▁t ones ▁where ▁standard ▁external ▁inc ision ▁often ▁leaves ▁a ▁visible ▁white ▁scar . ▁ ▁Trans con j unct ival ▁ble ph ar op last y ▁technique ▁perm its ▁the ▁exc ision ▁( cut ting ▁and ▁removal ) ▁of ▁the ▁lower - ey el id ▁ad ip ose ▁t issue ▁without ▁leaving ▁a ▁visible ▁scar , ▁but , ▁the ▁trans con j unct ival ▁ble ph ar op last y ▁technique ▁does ▁not ▁allow ▁the ▁removal ▁of ▁excess ▁e y el id - sk in . ▁ ▁A ▁ble ph ar op last y ▁operation ▁usually ▁requires ▁ 1 – 3 ▁hours ▁to ▁complete . ▁Post - oper atively , ▁the ▁initial ▁sw elling ▁and ▁bru ising ▁consequ ent ▁to ▁the ▁surg ery ▁will ▁sub side ▁and ▁resolve ▁with ▁ 1 – 2 ▁weeks ; ▁the ▁final , ▁stable ▁results ▁of ▁the ▁ble ph ar op last ic ▁correction ▁will ▁become ▁apparent ▁after ▁several ▁months . ▁The ▁results ▁of ▁a ▁ble ph ar op last y ▁procedure ▁are ▁best ▁appreciated ▁by ▁comparing ▁pre - ▁and ▁post - oper ative ▁( before - and - after ) ▁photograph s ▁of