▁sides . ▁ ▁Typ ically ▁the ▁leaders ▁of ▁independence ▁had ▁studied ▁in ▁England ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 2 0 s ▁and ▁ 1 9 3 0 s . ▁For ▁example , ▁the ▁radical ▁national ist ▁K w ame ▁N k rum ah ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 7 ▁led ▁Gh ana ▁to ▁become ▁Britain ' s ▁second ▁African ▁col ony ▁to ▁gain ▁independence , ▁( the ▁Sud an ▁being ▁the ▁first ▁being ▁granted ▁its ▁independence ▁a ▁year ▁earlier ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 6 ) ▁and ▁others ▁quickly ▁followed . ▁ ▁Ide as ▁of ▁anti - imper ial ism ▁ ▁At ▁an ▁intellectual ▁level , ▁anti - imper ial ism ▁appe aled ▁strongly ▁to ▁Marx ists ▁and ▁liber als ▁across ▁the ▁world . ▁Both ▁groups ▁were ▁strongly ▁influenced ▁by ▁British ▁writer ▁John ▁A . ▁Hob son ▁in ▁his ▁Imperial ism : ▁A ▁Study ▁( 1 9 0 2 ). ▁Histor ians ▁Peter ▁Du ign an ▁and ▁Lewis ▁H . ▁G ann ▁argue ▁that ▁Hob son ▁had ▁an ▁enorm ous ▁influence ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁ 2 0 th ▁century ▁that ▁caused ▁w ides p read ▁dist rust ▁of ▁imperial ism : ▁Hob son ' s ▁ideas ▁were ▁not ▁entirely ▁original ; ▁however ▁his ▁hat red ▁of ▁money ed ▁men ▁and ▁mon opol ies , ▁his ▁lo ath ing ▁of ▁secret ▁compact s ▁and ▁public ▁bl uster , ▁f used ▁all ▁existing ▁ind ict ments ▁of ▁imperial ism ▁into ▁one ▁coh er ent ▁system .... H is ▁ideas ▁influenced ▁German ▁national ist ▁oppon ents