▁music " ▁is ▁trac ed ▁to ▁the ▁definitions ▁of ▁" outs ider ▁art " ▁and ▁" na ï ve ▁art ". ▁" Out s ider ▁art " ▁is ▁root ed ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 2 0 s ▁French ▁concept ▁of ▁" L ' Art ▁Br ut " ▁(" raw ▁art "). ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 2 , ▁academic ▁Roger ▁Card inal ▁introduced ▁" outs ider ▁art " ▁as ▁the ▁American ▁counter part ▁of ▁" L ' Art ▁Br ut ", ▁which ▁originally ▁referred ▁to ▁work ▁created ▁exclus ively ▁by ▁children ▁or ▁the ▁ment ally ▁ill . ▁The ▁word ▁" outs ider " ▁began ▁to ▁be ▁applied ▁to ▁music ▁cult ures ▁as ▁early ▁as ▁ 1 9 5 9 , ▁with ▁respect ▁to ▁jazz , ▁and ▁to ▁rock ▁as ▁early ▁as ▁ 1 9 7 9 . ▁In ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 0 s , ▁" outs ider ▁music " ▁was ▁also ▁a ▁" f avor ite ▁ep ith et " ▁in ▁music ▁criticism ▁in ▁Europe . ▁By ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 s ▁and ▁ 1 9 9 0 s , ▁" outs ider " ▁was ▁common ▁in ▁the ▁cultural ▁lex icon ▁and ▁was ▁syn onymous ▁with ▁" self - t aught ", ▁" unt rained ", ▁and ▁" prim itive ". ▁ ▁Definition ▁and ▁scope ▁ ▁Although ▁out s ider ▁music ▁has ▁existed ▁since ▁before ▁written ▁history , ▁it ▁was ▁not ▁until ▁the ▁advent ▁of ▁sound ▁reprodu ction ▁and ▁music ▁exchange ▁networks ▁that ▁such ▁a ▁genre ▁was ▁recognized