. ▁In ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 7 th ▁century , ▁John ▁Gre aves ▁measured ▁the ▁py ram ids , ▁having ▁ins pected ▁the ▁broken ▁Ob el isk ▁of ▁Dom it ian ▁in ▁Rome , ▁then ▁dest ined ▁for ▁the ▁Earl ▁of ▁A rund el ' s ▁collection ▁in ▁London . ▁He ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁publish ▁the ▁illustrated ▁Py ram id ograph ia ▁in ▁ 1 6 4 6 , ▁while ▁the ▁Jes uit ▁scient ist - p ri est ▁Ath anas ius ▁Kir cher ▁was ▁perhaps ▁the ▁first ▁to ▁hint ▁at ▁the ▁ph on etic ▁importance ▁of ▁Egypt ian ▁hier og lyph s , ▁demonstr ating ▁Co ptic ▁as ▁a ▁vest ige ▁of ▁early ▁Egypt ian , ▁for ▁which ▁he ▁is ▁considered ▁a ▁founder ▁of ▁Egypt ology . ▁ ▁Modern ▁Egypt ology ▁ ▁Egypt ology ' s ▁modern ▁history ▁begins ▁with ▁the ▁invasion ▁of ▁Egypt ▁by ▁Napoleon ▁Bon ap arte ▁in ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 8 th ▁century . ▁The ▁Ros etta ▁Stone ▁was ▁discovered ▁in ▁ 1 7 9 9 . ▁The ▁study ▁of ▁many ▁aspects ▁of ▁ancient ▁Egypt ▁became ▁more ▁scientific ally ▁orient ed ▁with ▁the ▁publication ▁of ▁M ém oires ▁sur ▁l ' É g yp te ▁in ▁ 1 8 0 0 ▁and ▁the ▁more ▁compreh ensive ▁Description ▁de ▁l ' E g yp te ▁between ▁ 1 8 0 9 ▁and ▁ 1 8 2 9 . ▁These ▁recorded ▁Egypt ian ▁fl ora , ▁fa una , ▁and ▁history — making ▁numerous ▁ancient ▁Egypt ian ▁source ▁materials ▁available