▁living ▁while ▁comple ting ▁received ▁his ▁under grad uate ▁degree ▁from ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁South ▁Africa ▁by ▁correspond ence . ▁With ▁encourag ement ▁from ▁Ger ard ▁Se k oto , ▁Man c oba ▁succeeded . ▁Man c oba ▁took ▁up ▁wood car ving , ▁which ▁he ▁would ▁special ize ▁in ▁until ▁moving ▁to ▁France ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 8 . ▁He ▁left ▁South ▁Africa ▁for ▁Europe ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 8 ▁when ▁he ▁received ▁a ▁scholar ship ▁to ▁continue ▁his ▁studies ▁in ▁Paris , ▁where ▁he ▁en rolled ▁at ▁the ▁É cole ▁nationale ▁sup érieure ▁des ▁arts ▁dé cor at ifs . ▁▁ ▁Once ▁in ▁Europe , ▁Man c oba ▁continued ▁his ▁expedition ▁in ▁art ; ▁visit ing ▁art ▁museum s ▁and ▁att ending ▁exhib itions . ▁When ▁view ing ▁other ▁African ▁art ▁in ▁European ▁museum s , ▁he ▁was ▁given ▁a ▁new ▁perspective — including ▁his ▁very ▁own ▁work . ▁In ▁his ▁sculpt ure ▁" Future ▁Africa ", ▁the ▁two ▁figures ▁appear ▁dis may ed ▁and ▁hop eless , ▁with ▁disp ir ited ▁eyes ▁and ▁their ▁heads ▁lower ed . ▁Although ▁the ▁“ s ad ” ▁represent ational ▁impact ▁in ▁his ▁sculpt ure ▁wasn ' t ▁his ▁primary ▁goal ; ▁Man c oba ▁understood ▁that ▁due ▁to ▁Africa ' s ▁long ▁struggle ▁of ▁breaking ▁free ▁from ▁western ▁colonial ism , ▁African ▁art ▁was ▁perce ived ▁in ▁European ▁museum s ▁as ▁“ prim itive ” ▁and ▁dis mal . ▁In ▁an ▁effort ▁to ▁asc end ▁pass ▁the ▁western ▁per ception ▁of