▁was ▁in compatible ▁with ▁the ▁Frankfurt ▁School ' s ▁single - axis ▁model , ▁which ▁concept ual ized ▁author itar ian ism ▁as ▁being ▁a ▁fundamental ▁manifest ation ▁of ▁conserv at ism ▁and ▁many ▁research ers ▁took ▁issue ▁with ▁the ▁idea ▁of ▁" left - wing ▁author itar ian ism ". ▁ ▁The ▁theory ▁which ▁E ys en ck ▁developed ▁to ▁explain ▁individual ▁variation ▁in ▁the ▁observed ▁dimensions , ▁rel ating ▁t ough - mind ed ness ▁to ▁ext ro version ▁and ▁psych otic ism , ▁returned ▁ambigu ous ▁research ▁results . ▁ ▁E ys en ck ' s ▁finding ▁that ▁Naz is ▁and ▁commun ists ▁were ▁more ▁t ough - mind ed ▁than ▁members ▁of ▁main stream ▁political ▁movements ▁was ▁critic ised ▁on ▁technical ▁grounds ▁by ▁Mil ton ▁Ro ke ach . ▁ ▁E ys en ck ' s ▁method ▁of ▁analysis ▁involves ▁the ▁finding ▁of ▁an ▁abstract ▁dimension ▁( a ▁factor ) ▁that ▁explains ▁the ▁spread ▁of ▁a ▁given ▁set ▁of ▁data ▁( in ▁this ▁case , ▁scores ▁on ▁a ▁political ▁survey ). ▁This ▁abstract ▁dimension ▁may ▁or ▁may ▁not ▁correspond ▁to ▁a ▁real ▁material ▁phenomen on ▁and ▁obvious ▁problems ▁arise ▁when ▁it ▁is ▁applied ▁to ▁human ▁psych ology . ▁The ▁second ▁factor ▁in ▁such ▁an ▁analysis ▁( such ▁as ▁E ys en ck ' s ▁T - factor ) ▁is ▁the ▁second ▁best ▁explanation ▁for ▁the ▁spread ▁of ▁the ▁data , ▁which ▁is ▁by ▁definition ▁drawn ▁at ▁right ▁angles ▁to ▁the ▁first ▁factor . ▁While ▁the ▁first ▁factor , ▁which