▁spectrum , ▁radio , ▁and ▁X - ray . ▁ ▁While ▁all ▁spect ro sc opy ▁looks ▁at ▁specific ▁areas ▁of ▁the ▁spectrum , ▁different ▁methods ▁are ▁required ▁to ▁ac quire ▁the ▁signal ▁depending ▁on ▁the ▁frequency . ▁ ▁O zone ▁( O 3 ) ▁and ▁mole cular ▁o xygen ▁( O 2 ) ▁abs orb ▁light ▁with ▁w avel ength s ▁under ▁ 3 0 0   nm , ▁meaning ▁that ▁X - ray ▁and ▁ult rav io let ▁spect ro sc opy ▁require ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁a ▁satellite ▁teles cope ▁or ▁ro cket ▁mounted ▁detect ors . ▁ ▁Radio ▁signals ▁have ▁much ▁longer ▁w avel ength s ▁than ▁optical ▁signals , ▁and ▁require ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁anten nas ▁or ▁radio ▁d ishes . ▁Inf ra red ▁light ▁is ▁absor bed ▁by ▁atmos pher ic ▁water ▁and ▁carbon ▁dio x ide , ▁so ▁while ▁the ▁equipment ▁is ▁similar ▁to ▁that ▁used ▁in ▁optical ▁spect ro sc opy , ▁sat ell ites ▁are ▁required ▁to ▁record ▁much ▁of ▁the ▁inf ra red ▁spectrum . ▁ ▁Opt ical ▁spect ro sc opy ▁ ▁Phys ic ists ▁have ▁been ▁looking ▁at ▁the ▁solar ▁spectrum ▁since ▁Isaac ▁Newton ▁first ▁used ▁a ▁simple ▁pr ism ▁to ▁observe ▁the ▁ref ract ive ▁properties ▁of ▁light . ▁In ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 8 0 0 s ▁Joseph ▁von ▁Fra un ho fer ▁used ▁his ▁skills ▁as ▁a ▁glass ▁mak er ▁to ▁create ▁very ▁pure ▁pr isms , ▁which ▁allowed ▁him ▁to ▁observe ▁ 5 7 4 ▁dark ▁lines ▁in