▁on ▁promised ▁pay ments , ▁leading ▁to ▁a ▁perpet ual ▁financial ▁crisis ▁for ▁the ▁P OC . ▁ ▁Dem ograph ics ▁▁ ▁Before ▁World ▁War ▁II , ▁a ▁third ▁of ▁Poland ' s ▁population ▁was ▁composed ▁of ▁eth nic ▁minor ities . ▁After ▁the ▁war , ▁however , ▁Poland ' s ▁minor ities ▁were ▁mostly ▁gone , ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁ 1 9 4 5 ▁revision ▁of ▁borders , ▁and ▁the ▁Hol oca ust . ▁Under ▁the ▁National ▁Re pat ri ation ▁Office ▁( Pa ństw owy ▁Ur ząd ▁Re pat ri acyj ny ), ▁millions ▁of ▁Pol es ▁were ▁forced ▁to ▁leave ▁their ▁homes ▁in ▁the ▁eastern ▁K res y ▁region ▁and ▁sett le ▁in ▁the ▁western ▁former ▁German ▁territ ories . ▁At ▁the ▁same ▁time , ▁approximately ▁ 5 ▁million ▁remaining ▁Germ ans ▁( about ▁ 8 ▁million ▁had ▁already ▁fled ▁or ▁had ▁been ▁exp elled ▁and ▁about ▁ 1 ▁million ▁had ▁been ▁killed ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 4 - 4 6 ) ▁were ▁similarly ▁exp elled ▁from ▁those ▁territ ories ▁into ▁the ▁Al lied ▁occupation ▁zones . ▁Ukrain ian ▁and ▁Bel arus ian ▁minor ities ▁found ▁themselves ▁now ▁mostly ▁within ▁the ▁borders ▁of ▁the ▁Soviet ▁Union ; ▁those ▁who ▁opposed ▁this ▁new ▁policy ▁( like ▁the ▁Ukrain ian ▁Ins urg ent ▁Army ▁in ▁the ▁B iesz cz ady ▁Mountains ▁region ) ▁were ▁suppress ed ▁by ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁ 1 9 4 7 ▁in ▁the ▁Operation ▁V ist ula . ▁ ▁The ▁population ▁of ▁Jews ▁in ▁Poland , ▁which