▁car ▁back ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁J aff e ▁later ▁test ified ▁that ▁Joh ns en ▁and ▁K ear ▁threatened ▁him ▁to ▁obtain ▁his ▁co operation , ▁telling ▁him ▁that ▁his ▁daughter ▁would ▁be ▁har med ▁he ▁did ▁not ▁co oper ate ▁and ▁that ▁they ▁could ▁return ▁him ▁to ▁Florida ▁" de ad ▁or ▁alive ", ▁while ▁att or ne ys ▁for ▁Joh ns en ▁and ▁K ear ▁claimed ▁that ▁J aff e ▁co oper ated ▁will ingly ▁because ▁of ▁the ▁b ail ▁bond ▁agreement . ▁ ▁In ▁November ▁ 1 9 8 1 , ▁J aff e ▁was ▁conv icted ▁on ▁the ▁land ▁fra ud ▁counts ▁and ▁an ▁additional ▁count ▁of ▁failure ▁to ▁appear ▁for ▁trial . ▁This ▁assertion ▁of ▁juris diction ▁by ▁the ▁Florida ▁court ▁over ▁J aff e ▁despite ▁his ▁illegal ▁kid n apping ▁from ▁a ▁foreign ▁state ▁was ▁an ▁example ▁of ▁the ▁controvers ial ▁legal ▁doctrine ▁of ▁male ▁capt us ▁bene ▁det ent us . ▁In ▁U . S . ▁law , ▁this ▁doctrine ▁goes ▁back ▁to ▁the ▁ 1 8 8 6 ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁case ▁Ker ▁v . ▁Illinois , ▁in ▁which ▁Ker ▁was ▁accused ▁of ▁em be zz ling ▁funds ▁from ▁a ▁Chicago ▁bank ▁and ▁fled ▁to ▁Lima , ▁Peru . ▁ ▁Ext rad ition ▁papers ▁had ▁been ▁drawn ▁up , ▁but ▁it ▁was ▁difficult ▁to ▁actually ▁effect ▁extr ad ition ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁Chile an ▁occupation ▁of ▁the ▁city ▁in ▁the ▁on going ▁War ▁of ▁the ▁Pacific , ▁and ▁so ▁two ▁detect ives ▁simply ▁ab