▁music ▁and ▁arts ▁being ▁taught ▁in ▁schools ▁was ▁a ▁rare ▁occurrence . ▁The ▁African ▁National ▁Congress ▁( AN C ) ▁attempted ▁to ▁repair ▁the ▁neglect ▁of ▁ind igen ous ▁knowledge ▁and ▁the ▁over wh el ming ▁emphas is ▁on ▁written ▁musical ▁liter acy ▁in ▁schools . ▁It ▁is ▁not ▁well ▁known ▁that ▁the ▁learning ▁of ▁ind igen ous ▁music ▁actually ▁has ▁a ▁philosophy ▁and ▁teaching ▁procedure ▁that ▁is ▁different ▁from ▁western ▁“ form al ” ▁training . ▁It ▁involves ▁the ▁whole ▁community ▁because ▁ind igen ous ▁songs ▁are ▁about ▁the ▁history ▁of ▁its ▁people . ▁After ▁the ▁colon ization ▁of ▁Africa , ▁music ▁became ▁more ▁centered ▁on ▁Christian ▁belief s ▁and ▁European ▁folk ▁songs , ▁rather ▁than ▁the ▁more ▁impro vised ▁and ▁fluid ▁ind igen ous ▁music . ▁ ▁Before ▁the ▁major ▁changes ▁education ▁went ▁through ▁from ▁ 1 9 9 4 ▁to ▁ 2 0 0 4 , ▁during ▁the ▁first ▁de cade ▁of ▁the ▁dem ocr atic ▁government , ▁teachers ▁were ▁trained ▁as ▁class room ▁teachers ▁and ▁told ▁that ▁they ▁would ▁have ▁to ▁incorpor ate ▁music ▁into ▁other ▁subject ▁areas . ▁The ▁few ▁colleg es ▁with ▁teaching ▁programs ▁that ▁included ▁instrument al ▁programs ▁held ▁a ▁greater ▁emphas is ▁on ▁music ▁theory , ▁history ▁of ▁western ▁music , ▁western ▁music ▁notation , ▁and ▁less ▁on ▁making ▁music . ▁Up ▁until ▁ 1 9 9 9 , ▁most ▁college ▁sy ll abi ▁did ▁not ▁include ▁training ▁in ▁ind igen ous ▁South ▁African ▁Music . ▁ ▁In ▁African ▁cult ures ▁music ▁is ▁seen ▁as