▁for ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁aff lict ions . ▁The ▁dru gs ▁vin blast ine ▁and ▁v inc rist ine ▁are ▁vin ca ▁al kal oid s , ▁used ▁to ▁treat ▁H od g kin ' s ▁disease , ▁le uk emia , ▁and ▁other ▁can cers , ▁were ▁derived ▁from ▁the ▁Mad agas car ▁per iw ink le . ▁The ▁travel er ' s ▁pal m , ▁known ▁locally ▁as ▁rav inal a ▁and ▁en demic ▁to ▁the ▁eastern ▁rain ▁for ests , ▁is ▁highly ▁icon ic ▁of ▁Mad agas car ▁and ▁is ▁featured ▁in ▁the ▁national ▁em blem ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁Air ▁Mad agas car ▁logo . ▁ ▁Like ▁its ▁fl ora , ▁Mad agas car ' s ▁fa una ▁is ▁diverse ▁and ▁exhib its ▁a ▁high ▁rate ▁of ▁en dem ism . ▁Lem urs ▁have ▁been ▁character ized ▁as ▁" Mad agas car ' s ▁flags hip ▁m amm al ▁species " ▁by ▁Conserv ation ▁International . ▁In ▁the ▁absence ▁of ▁mon keys ▁and ▁other ▁compet itors , ▁these ▁prim ates ▁have ▁adapted ▁to ▁a ▁wide ▁range ▁of ▁habit ats ▁and ▁divers ified ▁into ▁numerous ▁species . ▁, ▁there ▁were ▁officially ▁ 1 0 3 ▁species ▁and ▁sub species ▁of ▁lem ur , ▁ 3 9 ▁of ▁which ▁were ▁described ▁by ▁zo olog ists ▁between ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁and ▁ 2 0 0 8 . ▁They ▁are ▁almost ▁all ▁class ified ▁as ▁rare , ▁vulner able , ▁or ▁end anger ed . ▁At ▁least ▁ 1 7 ▁species