ounded ▁in ▁ 1 8 6 6 ), ▁when ▁they ▁had ▁succeeded ▁( and ▁purchased ) ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁Gand ▁et ▁Bernard el , ▁L uth iers ▁du ▁Conserv atoire ▁de ▁musique ▁( L uth iers ▁of ▁the ▁Music ▁Conserv atory ). ▁Over ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁its ▁lifetime ▁this ▁shop ▁became ▁a ▁leading ▁international ▁centre ▁for ▁rare ▁string ▁instruments ▁and ▁was ▁patron ized ▁by ▁many ▁of ▁the ▁pre em inent ▁names ▁in ▁the ▁concert ▁world . ▁The ▁" Car essa " ▁firm ▁ ▁eventually ▁was ▁taken ▁over ▁by ▁Em ile ▁Fran çais ▁( son ▁of ▁Henri ▁Fran ca is ) ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 8 ▁and ▁stayed ▁in ▁business ▁ ▁until ▁ 1 9 8 1 . ▁ ▁Biography ▁ ▁The ▁Car essa ▁& ▁Fran çais ▁firm ▁ ▁carried ▁on ▁the ▁tradition ▁established ▁by ▁L up ot ▁( in ▁ 1 7 9 6 ) ▁ ▁through ▁several ▁gener ations ▁of ▁tal ented ▁viol in ▁mak ers ▁including ▁August e ▁S éb ast ien ▁Bernard el , ▁ ▁Gust ave ▁Bernard el , ▁Ernest ▁August e ▁Bernard el , ▁Eug ène ▁Gand , ▁and ▁Em ile ▁Fran çais ▁( father ▁of ▁Jacques ▁Fran çais ). ▁ ▁Albert ▁Car essa ▁served ▁his ▁app rent ices hip ▁under ▁Gand - B ern ard el ▁in ▁Paris . ▁In ▁ 1 9 0 1 , ▁when ▁Gust ave ▁Bernard el ▁ ▁retired , ▁Car essa ▁became ▁the ▁head ▁of ▁Gand ▁et ▁Bernard el . ▁T ogether ▁with ▁Henri ▁Fran çais ▁( who ▁also ▁worked ▁for