9 6 4 ) ▁Linear ▁Network ▁Design ▁and ▁Syn thesis , ▁page ▁ 6 3 , ▁McG raw ▁Hill . ▁ ▁Category : Pol ynomial s <0x0A> </s> ▁Modern ▁Ch ess ▁Open ings ▁( us ually ▁called ▁) ▁is ▁a ▁reference ▁book ▁on ▁ch ess ▁open ings , ▁first ▁published ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 1 ▁by ▁the ▁British ▁players ▁Richard ▁Cle win ▁Griff ith ▁( 1 8 7 2 – 1 9 5 5 ) ▁and ▁John ▁Herbert ▁White ▁( 1 8 8 0 – 1 9 2 0 ). ▁It ▁has ▁since ▁been ▁through ▁fifteen ▁ed itions . ▁Harry ▁Gol om bek ▁called ▁it ▁" the ▁first ▁scientific ▁study ▁of ▁the ▁open ings ▁in ▁the ▁tw enti eth ▁century ". ▁ ▁History ▁Although ▁Bil guer ' s ▁Hand buch ▁des ▁Sch ach spiel s ▁was ▁more ▁author itative ▁at ▁the ▁time ▁M CO ▁was ▁first ▁published , ▁it ▁was ▁last ▁published ▁between ▁ 1 9 1 2 ▁and ▁ 1 9 1 6 , ▁and ▁was ▁becoming ▁out dated ▁by ▁the ▁ 1 9 3 0 s . ▁M CO ▁was ▁popular ▁with ▁English - spe aking ▁players ▁and ▁has ▁continued ▁to ▁be ▁updated ▁throughout ▁the ▁ 2 0 th ▁century ▁and ▁into ▁the ▁ 2 1 st , ▁with ▁fifteen ▁ed itions ▁from ▁ 1 9 1 1 ▁through ▁ 2 0 0 8 . ▁Early ▁ed itions ▁were ▁small ▁enough ▁to ▁fit ▁in ▁a ▁pocket ▁( the ▁first ▁edition ▁was ▁ 1 9 0 ▁pages ), ▁but ▁later ▁ed