▁job - related ▁aut onomy . ▁As ▁indicated ▁above , ▁job - related ▁aut onomy ▁is ▁associated ▁with ▁better ▁health . ▁A ▁problem ▁in ▁research ▁on ▁occup ational ▁stress ▁is ▁how ▁to ▁" un conf ound " ▁the ▁relationship ▁between ▁stress ful ▁working ▁conditions , ▁such ▁as ▁low ▁levels ▁of ▁aut onomy , ▁and ▁sal ary . ▁Because ▁higher ▁levels ▁of ▁income ▁buy ▁resources ▁( e . g ., ▁better ▁ins urance , ▁higher ▁quality ▁food ) ▁that ▁help ▁to ▁improve ▁or ▁maintain ▁health , ▁research ers ▁need ▁to ▁better ▁specify ▁the ▁extent ▁to ▁which ▁differences ▁in ▁working ▁conditions ▁and ▁differences ▁in ▁pay ▁affect ▁health . ▁ ▁Work place ▁bul lying ▁▁ ▁Work place ▁bul lying ▁involves ▁the ▁chron ic ▁mist re at ment ▁of ▁a ▁worker ▁by ▁one ▁or ▁more ▁other ▁workers ▁or ▁man agers . ▁Bul lying ▁involves ▁a ▁power ▁im bal ance ▁in ▁which ▁the ▁target ▁has ▁less ▁power ▁in ▁the ▁unit ▁or ▁the ▁organization ▁than ▁the ▁bul ly ▁or ▁bul lies . ▁Bul lying ▁is ▁not ▁a ▁one - off ▁episode . ▁Nor ▁is ▁it ▁a ▁conflict ▁between ▁two ▁workers ▁who ▁are ▁equals ▁in ▁terms ▁of ▁power . ▁There ▁has ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁power ▁im bal ance ▁for ▁there ▁to ▁be ▁bul lying . ▁Bul lying ▁tact ics ▁include ▁ver bal ▁ab use , ▁psych ological ▁ab use , ▁and ▁even ▁physical ▁ab use . ▁The ▁ad verse ▁effects ▁of ▁work place ▁bul lying ▁include ▁de pression ▁for ▁the ▁worker ▁and ▁lost ▁product ivity ▁for ▁the ▁organization . ▁