cling ▁in ▁an ▁under ground ▁economy ▁of ▁these ▁countries ▁has ▁generated ▁an ▁environmental ▁and ▁health ▁dis aster . ▁High ▁levels ▁of ▁lead ▁( P b ), ▁poly b rom in ated ▁di phen yle thers ▁( P B DE s ), ▁pol ych lor in ated ▁dio x ins ▁and ▁fur ans , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁poly b rom in ated ▁dio x ins ▁and ▁fur ans ▁( P CD D / F s ▁and ▁P B DD / F s ), ▁concentr ated ▁in ▁the ▁air , ▁bottom ▁ash , ▁dust , ▁soil , ▁water , ▁and ▁sed iments ▁in ▁areas ▁surrounding ▁rec y cling ▁sites . ▁ ▁Environment al ▁impact ▁▁ ▁Econom ist ▁Steven ▁Land s burg , ▁author ▁of ▁a ▁paper ▁entitled ▁" Why ▁I ▁Am ▁Not ▁an ▁Environment al ist ", ▁claimed ▁that ▁paper ▁rec y cling ▁actually ▁reduces ▁tree ▁populations . ▁He ▁arg ues ▁that ▁because ▁paper ▁companies ▁have ▁in cent ives ▁to ▁re pl en ish ▁their ▁for ests , ▁large ▁dem ands ▁for ▁paper ▁lead ▁to ▁large ▁for ests ▁while ▁reduced ▁demand ▁for ▁paper ▁leads ▁to ▁fewer ▁" far med " ▁for ests . ▁ ▁When ▁forest ing ▁companies ▁cut ▁down ▁trees , ▁more ▁are ▁plant ed ▁in ▁their ▁place ; ▁however , ▁such ▁" far med " ▁for ests ▁are ▁inferior ▁to ▁vir gin ▁for ests ▁in ▁several ▁ways . ▁Far med ▁for ests ▁are ▁not ▁able ▁to ▁fix ▁the ▁soil ▁as ▁quickly ▁as ▁vir gin ▁for ests , ▁causing ▁w ides p read ▁soil