▁of ▁the ▁ 1 7 th ▁century . ▁( D utch ▁painting ▁during ▁the ▁period ▁is ▁covered ▁by ▁Dutch ▁Golden ▁Age ▁painting ). ▁ ▁Like ▁contemporary ▁develop ments ▁in ▁England , ▁Dutch ▁P all ad ian ism ▁is ▁marked ▁by ▁sob ri ety ▁and ▁rest raint . ▁The ▁architecture ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁republic ▁in ▁Northern ▁Europe ▁was ▁meant ▁to ▁reflect ▁dem ocr atic ▁values ▁by ▁qu oting ▁extens ively ▁from ▁classical ▁anti qu ity . ▁It ▁found ▁its ▁imp et us ▁in ▁the ▁designs ▁of ▁Hend rick ▁de ▁Key ser , ▁who ▁was ▁instrument al ▁in ▁establish ing ▁a ▁Ven et ian - infl uen ced ▁style ▁into ▁early ▁ 1 7 th - century ▁architecture ▁through ▁new ▁buildings ▁like ▁the ▁No order ker k ▁(" N or thern ▁church ", ▁ 1 6 2 0 – 1 6 2 3 ) ▁and ▁West er ker k ▁(" West ern ▁church ", ▁ 1 6 2 0 – 1 6 3 1 ) ▁in ▁Amsterdam . ▁In ▁general , ▁architecture ▁in ▁the ▁Low ▁Count ries , ▁both ▁in ▁the ▁C ounter - Re formation - infl uen ced ▁south ▁and ▁Protest ant - domin ated ▁north , ▁remained ▁strongly ▁inv ested ▁in ▁northern ▁Italian ▁Renaissance ▁and ▁M anner ist ▁forms ▁that ▁pred ated ▁the ▁Roman ▁High ▁Bar o que ▁style ▁of ▁Bor rom ini ▁and ▁Bern ini . ▁Instead , ▁the ▁more ▁aust ere ▁form ▁pract iced ▁in ▁the ▁Dutch ▁Republic ▁was ▁well ▁su ited ▁to ▁major ▁building ▁patterns : ▁pal aces ▁for