▁in ▁other ▁countries ▁do , ▁but ▁prices ▁are ▁high , ▁there ▁is ▁more ▁use ▁of ▁some ▁procedures ▁and ▁new ▁dru gs ▁than ▁elsewhere , ▁and ▁doctor ▁sal aries ▁are ▁double ▁the ▁levels ▁in ▁other ▁countries . ▁The ▁New ▁York ▁Times ▁reported ▁" no ▁one ▁knows ▁for ▁sure " ▁how ▁much ▁unnecessary ▁care ▁exists ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁Over use ▁of ▁medical ▁care ▁is ▁no ▁longer ▁a ▁large ▁fraction ▁of ▁total ▁health ▁care ▁sp ending , ▁which ▁was ▁$ 3 . 3 ▁tr ill ion ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 6 . ▁ ▁Research ers ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁analyz ed ▁many ▁services ▁listed ▁as ▁low ▁value ▁by ▁Cho osing ▁Wis ely ▁and ▁other ▁sources . ▁They ▁looked ▁at ▁sp ending ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 8 - 2 0 0 9 ▁and ▁found ▁that ▁these ▁services ▁represented ▁ 0 . 6 % ▁or ▁ 2 . 7 % ▁of ▁Medic are ▁costs ▁and ▁there ▁was ▁no ▁significant ▁pattern ▁of ▁particular ▁types ▁of ▁phys icians ▁ordering ▁these ▁low ▁value ▁services . ▁The ▁Institute ▁of ▁Medicine ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁gave ▁two ▁estimates ▁of ▁" un necess ary ▁services ," ▁using ▁different ▁method ologies : ▁ 0 . 2 % ▁or ▁ 1 % ▁to ▁ 5 % ▁of ▁health ▁sp ending , ▁which ▁was ▁ ▁tr ill ion . ▁The ▁Institute ▁of ▁Medicine ▁quoted ▁that ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁report ▁in ▁a ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁report ▁to ▁support ▁an ▁estimate ▁of ▁ 8 % ▁($ 2