- p ound er ▁field ▁gun , ▁the ▁Y er amb as ▁remained ▁in ▁service ▁with ▁the ▁ 2 2 nd ▁Field ▁Regiment , ▁Royal ▁Australian ▁Art illery , ▁until ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 9 5 0 s . ▁ ▁Many ▁M 3 s ▁de emed ▁sur plus ▁to ▁Australian ▁Army ▁requirements ▁were ▁acquired ▁by ▁civil ian ▁buy ers ▁during ▁the ▁ 1 9 5 0 s ▁and ▁ 1 9 6 0 s ▁for ▁conversion ▁to ▁earth mov ing ▁equipment ▁and / or ▁tra ctors . ▁ ▁Con clusion ▁ ▁Over all , ▁the ▁M 3 ▁was ▁able ▁to ▁be ▁effective ▁on ▁the ▁battle field ▁from ▁ 1 9 4 2 ▁until ▁ 1 9 4 3 . ▁However , ▁US ▁arm ored ▁units ▁lack ed ▁tact ical ▁expert ise ▁on ▁a ▁method ▁to ▁overcome ▁its ▁design . ▁Its ▁arm or ▁and ▁fire power ▁were ▁equal ▁or ▁superior ▁to ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁thre ats ▁it ▁faced , ▁especially ▁in ▁the ▁Pacific . ▁Long - range , ▁high - vel ocity ▁guns ▁were ▁not ▁yet ▁common ▁on ▁German ▁t anks ▁in ▁the ▁African ▁the ater . ▁However , ▁the ▁rapid ▁pace ▁of ▁tank ▁development ▁meant ▁that ▁the ▁M 3 ▁was ▁very ▁quickly ▁out class ed . ▁By ▁mid - 1 9 4 2 , ▁with ▁the ▁introduction ▁of ▁the ▁German ▁T iger ▁I , ▁the ▁up - g unning ▁of ▁the ▁Pan zer ▁IV ▁to ▁a ▁long ▁ 7 5   mm ▁gun , ▁and ▁the ▁first ▁appearance ▁in ▁ 1 9 4