7 , ▁there ▁is ▁a ▁mention ▁of ▁a ▁Portuguese ▁officer ▁named ▁N aron ha ▁heading ▁the ▁P esh wa ’ s ▁art illery ▁and ▁further ▁he ▁had ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁European ▁art illery ▁men ▁working ▁under ▁him .   C ir ca ▁ 1 7 9 0 , ▁the ▁P esh wa ' s ▁forces ▁employed ▁a ▁Portuguese ▁officer ▁for ▁casting ▁ 4 0 - p ound er ▁guns . ▁The ▁Bh ons le ' s ▁forces ▁had ▁two ▁Western ized ▁inf antry ▁brig ades , ▁however ▁without ▁any ▁European ▁officers , ▁while ▁Sc ind ia ' s ▁forces ▁were ▁the ▁most ▁Western ized .   ▁ ▁However ▁a ▁point ▁to ▁be ▁noted ▁here ▁is ▁that ▁it ▁is ▁un true ▁to ▁conclude ▁that ▁arm ies ▁of ▁the ▁Mar ath a ▁got ▁discipl ined ▁only ▁post ▁ 1 7 6 1 . ▁The ▁Mar ath as ▁were ▁well ▁aware ▁of ▁the ▁importance ▁of ▁discipline ▁and ▁discipl ined ▁and ▁d ril led ▁inf antry ▁in ▁Mah ar as ht ra ▁existed ▁even ▁in ▁the ▁H indu ▁classical ▁era . ▁The ▁M ahr att as ▁were ▁aware ▁of ▁the ▁Portuguese ▁inf antry ▁models ▁having ▁concepts ▁like ▁" Span ish ▁square " ▁since ▁six teenth ▁century .   ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 8 th ▁century ▁and ▁early ▁ 1 9 th ▁century , ▁with ▁French - tra ined ▁art illery ▁and ▁inf antry , ▁the ▁Mar ath as ▁managed ▁to ▁reg ain ▁their ▁lost ▁ground ▁in ▁North ▁India , ▁however ▁they ▁could ▁not ▁match ▁the