▁n oun ▁phrase , ▁and ▁the ▁s ynt actic ▁role ▁or ▁case ▁of ▁the ▁n oun ▁phrase . ▁When ▁a ▁n oun ▁phrase ▁without ▁a ▁n oun ▁is ▁formed ▁with ▁an ▁N PC , ▁both ▁the ▁speaker ▁and ▁the ▁listener ▁know ▁its ▁refer ent . ▁In ▁this ▁case , ▁the ▁N PC ▁attach es ▁to ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁a ▁gen itive ▁n oun ▁phrase ▁or ▁relative ▁clause ▁to ▁form ▁a ▁n oun ▁phrase ▁without ▁a ▁n oun . ▁This ▁is ▁shown ▁in ▁the ▁examples ▁below : ▁ ▁is í = ti ▁ba ’ - ’ - ino . ▁▁ 3 SG . M . GEN = N PC . F . N OM ▁disappear - 3 SG . F - PER F . 3 ▁ ▁‘ H is ▁( F EM ) ▁disappeared .’ ▁ ▁ani ▁k u ’ u í ▁be ett - í = ta ▁see kk - o - mm - o . ▁▁ 1 SG . N OM ▁that . M . GEN ▁child - GEN . M . MO D = N PC . F . AC C ▁repair - PER F . 1 - 1 SG - M ▁ ▁‘ I ▁( MA SC ) ▁rep a ired ▁that ▁boy ’ s ▁( F EM ). ’ ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Gr amm ars ▁▁ ▁Ab eb e ▁Geb re - T s ad ik ▁( 1 9 8 2 ) ▁" Der ived ▁nom inals ▁in ▁Sid amo ," ▁B . A . ▁th esis , ▁Add