▁paid ▁ 5 6 0 , 0 0 0 ▁fran cs ▁to ▁Lam bert ' s ▁he irs . ▁In ▁ 1 8 9 0 , ▁the ▁British ▁accepted ▁the ▁full ▁formal ▁im position ▁of ▁a ▁French ▁prote ctor ate ▁on ▁the ▁island , ▁but ▁French ▁authority ▁was ▁not ▁acknowled ged ▁by ▁the ▁government ▁of ▁Mad agas car . ▁To ▁force ▁capit ulation , ▁the ▁French ▁bomb arded ▁and ▁occupied ▁the ▁har bor ▁of ▁To am as ina ▁on ▁the ▁east ▁coast , ▁and ▁Mah aj anga ▁on ▁the ▁west ▁coast , ▁in ▁December ▁ 1 8 9 4 ▁and ▁January ▁ 1 8 9 5 ▁respectively . ▁ ▁A ▁French ▁military ▁flying ▁column ▁then ▁march ed ▁toward ▁Ant an an ar ivo , ▁losing ▁many ▁men ▁to ▁mal aria ▁and ▁other ▁dise ases . ▁Rein for c ements ▁came ▁from ▁Al ger ia ▁and ▁Sub - S ah aran ▁Africa . ▁Upon ▁reaching ▁the ▁city ▁in ▁September ▁ 1 8 9 5 , ▁the ▁column ▁bomb arded ▁the ▁royal ▁palace ▁with ▁heavy ▁art illery , ▁causing ▁heavy ▁cas ual ties ▁and ▁leading ▁Queen ▁Ran aval ona ▁III ▁to ▁surrender . ▁France ▁an nex ed ▁Mad agas car ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 6 ▁and ▁declared ▁the ▁island ▁a ▁col ony ▁the ▁following ▁year , ▁dissol ving ▁the ▁Mer ina ▁mon archy ▁and ▁sending ▁the ▁royal ▁family ▁into ▁ex ile ▁on ▁Ré union ▁Island ▁and ▁to ▁Al ger ia . ▁A ▁two - year ▁resistance ▁movement ▁organized ▁in ▁response ▁to ▁the ▁French ▁capture