▁it ▁is ▁reason ably ▁likely ▁to ▁" off end , ▁ins ult , ▁hum ili ate ▁or ▁int im id ate " ▁a ▁person ▁of ▁a ▁certain ▁race , ▁colour ▁or ▁national ▁or ▁eth nic ▁origin , ▁and ▁the ▁act ▁was ▁done ▁because ▁of ▁one ▁or ▁more ▁of ▁those ▁characteristics . ▁ ▁While ▁some ▁conserv ative ▁polit icians ▁have ▁claimed ▁the ▁bar ▁for ▁bre aching ▁ 1 8 C ▁is ▁too ▁low , ▁courts ▁have ▁consist ently ▁shown ▁that ▁this ▁is ▁not ▁the ▁case , ▁and ▁to ▁fall ▁within ▁ 1 8 C ▁the ▁speech ▁must ▁have ▁"... ▁prof ound ▁and ▁serious ▁effects , ▁not ▁to ▁be ▁li ken ed ▁to ▁mere ▁sl ights ." ▁ ▁Ex em ptions ▁are ▁provided ▁in ▁section ▁ 1 8 D , ▁including ▁acts ▁rel ating ▁to ▁art istic ▁works , ▁genu ine ▁academic ▁or ▁scientific ▁purposes , ▁fair ▁reporting , ▁and ▁fair ▁comment ▁on ▁matters ▁of ▁public ▁interest . ▁ ▁C ases ▁and ▁determin ations ▁in ▁relation ▁to ▁section ▁ 1 8 C ▁include ▁the ▁following : ▁ ▁In ▁Bry ant ▁v ▁Queensland ▁New sp aper ▁P ty ▁Ltd ▁[ 1 9 9 7 ] ▁H RE O CA ▁ 2 3 , ▁the ▁prede cess or ▁of ▁the ▁A H RC , ▁the ▁Human ▁Rights ▁and ▁Equ al ▁O pport unity ▁Commission ▁( H RE OC ) ▁dismiss ed ▁a ▁compla int ▁by ▁an ▁English ▁person ▁against ▁use ▁of ▁the ▁words ▁" P om " ▁and ▁" P om my " ▁used ▁in ▁newsp apers