uring ▁Bed ou in ▁loyal ty ▁to ▁the ▁state , ▁gather ing ▁intelligence ▁on ▁enemy ▁forces , ▁protect ing ▁infrastr ucture , ▁villages ▁and ▁travel ers ▁from ▁ra ids ▁and ▁providing ▁horses ▁and ▁cam els ▁to ▁the ▁s ultan . ▁In ▁return , ▁the ▁am ir ▁al - ʿ arab ▁was ▁given ▁i q ta ʿ at , ▁an ▁annual ▁sal ary , ▁official ▁titles ▁and ▁honor ary ▁ro bes . ▁ ▁Under ▁the ▁A yy ub ids , ▁numerous ▁Arab ▁em irs ▁held ▁the ▁post ▁at ▁any ▁given ▁time ▁and ▁were ▁granted ▁i q ta ʿ at . ▁However , ▁with ▁the ▁on set ▁of ▁M aml uk ▁rule ▁in ▁Sy ria ▁in ▁ 1 2 6 0 , ▁it ▁became ▁a ▁her edit ary ▁office ▁cons olid ated ▁by ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁Al ▁F ad l ▁dynast y , ▁direct ▁descend ants ▁of ▁the ▁T ay y id ▁cl an ▁of ▁Ban u ▁Jar rah . ▁The ▁office ▁remained ▁in ▁the ▁household ▁of ▁the ▁Al ▁F ad l ▁em ir , ▁Isa ▁ibn ▁Mu h anna , ▁with ▁occas ional ▁inter ruption , ▁well ▁into ▁the ▁early ▁Ott oman ▁era , ▁during ▁which ▁Isa ' s ▁descend ants ▁took ▁over ▁leadership ▁of ▁the ▁M aw ali ▁tribe . ▁Under ▁the ▁Ott om ans , ▁the ▁role ▁of ▁the ▁am ir ▁al - ʿ arab ▁centered ▁on ▁the ▁provision ▁of ▁cam els ▁to ▁the ▁state ▁and ▁protection ▁of ▁the ▁H aj j ▁pil gr im ▁car avan ▁in ▁return ▁for ▁annual ▁pay