▁Sir ▁William ▁Jones . ▁ ▁In ▁Arab ic , ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁termin ology ▁of ▁ch ess ▁is ▁derived ▁directly ▁from ▁ch atur anga : ▁Modern ▁ch ess ▁itself ▁is ▁called ▁sh at ran j ▁in ▁Arab ic , ▁and ▁the ▁bishop ▁is ▁called ▁the ▁ele ph ant . ▁The ▁T amer lane ▁ch ess ▁was ▁also ▁introduced ▁in ▁Iran ▁later . ▁ ▁R ules ▁The ▁initial ▁position ▁is ▁as ▁shown . ▁White ▁moves ▁first . ▁The ▁objective ▁in ▁ch atur anga , ▁the ▁same ▁as ▁modern ▁ch ess , ▁is ▁to ▁check mate ▁the ▁oppon ent ' s ▁R aja ▁( king ). ▁ ▁Pie ces ▁and ▁their ▁moves ▁▁ ▁R aja ▁( king ) ▁( also ▁sp elled ▁Raj ah ): ▁moves ▁one ▁step ▁in ▁any ▁direction ▁( vertical , ▁horizontal ▁or ▁diagonal ), ▁the ▁same ▁as ▁the ▁king ▁in ▁ch ess . ▁There ▁is ▁no ▁cast ling ▁in ▁ch atur anga . ▁ ▁Mant ri ▁ ▁( minister ▁or ▁coun s ell or ); ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁Sen ap ati ▁( general ): ▁moves ▁one ▁step ▁diag on ally ▁in ▁any ▁direction , ▁like ▁the ▁f ers ▁in ▁sh at ran j . ▁ ▁R ath a ▁( ch ari ot ) ▁( also ▁known ▁as ▁Ś ak ata ): ▁moves ▁the ▁same ▁as ▁a ▁ro ok ▁in ▁ch ess - ▁where by ▁the ▁ro ok ▁moves ▁hor izont ally ▁or ▁vert ically , ▁through ▁any ▁number ▁of ▁un occup ied ▁squares . ▁ ▁G aja ▁( ele ph ant