break ers ▁had ▁been ▁designed ▁sole ly ▁for ▁esc ort ▁operations ▁in ▁ice - inf ested ▁waters ▁and ▁their ▁special ized ▁h ull ▁form ▁was ▁not ▁suitable ▁for ▁open ▁water . ▁As ▁a ▁result , ▁the ▁existing ▁ice break ers ▁had ▁an ▁effective ▁oper ational ▁time ▁of ▁only ▁three ▁to ▁five ▁months ▁per ▁year ▁and ▁spent ▁the ▁summer ▁season ▁mo ored ▁at ▁K ata jan ok ka ▁in ▁Hels ink i . ▁A ▁multip ur pose ▁application ▁of ▁the ▁new ▁ice break ers ▁would ▁thus ▁result ▁in ▁a ▁better ▁util ization ▁of ▁the ▁vessels ▁and , ▁assuming ▁they ▁were ▁char tered ▁by ▁a ▁commercial ▁third ▁party ▁during ▁the ▁summer , ▁improve ▁the ▁econom ics ▁of ▁the ▁state - owned ▁fleet . ▁ ▁However , ▁the ▁concept ▁did ▁not ▁become ▁reality ▁until ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 9 9 0 s , ▁when ▁the ▁Norwegian ▁company ▁U g land ▁Off sh ore ▁AS ▁( l ater ▁D S ND ▁Off sh ore ▁AS ) ▁became ▁involved ▁in ▁the ▁project ▁to ▁develop ▁and ▁construct ▁multip ur pose ▁ice break ers ▁that ▁could ▁be ▁used ▁for ▁off sh ore ▁operations ▁in ▁the ▁oil ▁fields ▁during ▁the ▁summer ▁months . ▁The ▁concept ▁was ▁developed ▁by ▁the ▁Board ▁of ▁Navigation ▁together ▁with ▁a ▁Finn ish ▁consult ing ▁engineering ▁company ▁I LS ▁and ▁the ▁contract ▁for ▁the ▁construction ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁vessel ▁with ▁an ▁option ▁for ▁a ▁sister ▁ship ▁was ▁signed ▁with ▁Fin ny ards ▁in ▁October ▁ 1 9 9 1 . ▁The ▁second ▁vessel ▁was ▁ordered ▁in ▁June