▁Once ▁fully ▁deployed , ▁the ▁system ▁is ▁used ▁for ▁its ▁intended ▁oper ational ▁role ▁and ▁maintained ▁within ▁its ▁oper ational ▁environment . ▁ ▁Key ▁steps ▁within ▁the ▁util ization ▁and ▁support ▁stage ▁include : ▁System ▁operation ▁in ▁the ▁user ▁environment ▁Change ▁management ▁System ▁modifications ▁for ▁improvement ▁System ▁assess ment ▁ ▁Ph ase - out ▁and ▁dispos al ▁Effect iveness ▁and ▁efficiency ▁of ▁the ▁system ▁must ▁be ▁continu ously ▁evaluated ▁to ▁determine ▁when ▁the ▁product ▁has ▁met ▁its ▁maximum ▁effective ▁lif ecycle . ▁Consider ations ▁include : ▁Cont in ued ▁existence ▁of ▁oper ational ▁need , ▁matching ▁between ▁oper ational ▁requirements ▁and ▁system ▁performance , ▁feas ibility ▁of ▁system ▁phase - out ▁versus ▁maintenance , ▁and ▁avail ability ▁of ▁alternative ▁systems . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁▁ ▁Application ▁lif ecycle ▁management ▁ ▁Dec ision ▁cycle ▁ ▁IP O ▁Model ▁ ▁Software ▁development ▁method ologies ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁▁▁ ▁C umm ings , ▁Ha ag ▁( 2 0 0 6 ). ▁Management ▁Information ▁Systems ▁for ▁the ▁Information ▁Age . ▁Toronto , ▁McG raw - H ill ▁Ry erson ▁ ▁Be yn on - D av ies ▁P . ▁( 2 0 0 9 ). ▁Business ▁Information ▁Systems . ▁Pal gra ve , ▁Bas ing st oke . ▁▁ ▁Computer ▁World , ▁ 2 0 0 2 , ▁Retrieved ▁on ▁June ▁ 2 2 , ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁from ▁the ▁World ▁W ide ▁Web : ▁ ▁Management ▁Information ▁Systems , ▁ 2 0 0 5 , ▁Retrieved ▁on ▁June ▁ 2 2 ,