▁The ▁reform ▁movement ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Young ▁Tur ks ▁emer ged ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 8 9 0 s ▁against ▁his ▁rule , ▁which ▁included ▁mass ac res ▁against ▁minor ities . ▁The ▁Young ▁Tur ks ▁seized ▁power ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 0 8 ▁Young ▁Turk ▁Revolution ▁and ▁established ▁the ▁Second ▁Constitution al ▁Era , ▁leading ▁to ▁a ▁pl ural ist ▁and ▁multip art y ▁elections ▁in ▁the ▁Empire ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁time ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 8 . ▁The ▁Young ▁Tur ks ▁split ▁into ▁two ▁parties , ▁the ▁pro - G erman ▁and ▁pro - central ization ▁Committee ▁of ▁Union ▁and ▁Progress ▁and ▁the ▁pro - B rit ish ▁and ▁pro - de central ization ▁Fre edom ▁and ▁Acc ord ▁Party . ▁The ▁former ▁was ▁led ▁by ▁an ▁am bit ious ▁pair ▁of ▁army ▁officers , ▁Is mail ▁En ver ▁Bey ▁( l ater ▁P asha ) ▁and ▁Ah med ▁C em al ▁P asha , ▁and ▁a ▁radical ▁lawyer , ▁Me h med ▁T ala at ▁Bey ▁( l ater ▁P asha ). ▁After ▁a ▁power ▁struggle ▁between ▁the ▁two ▁parties ▁of ▁Young ▁Tur ks , ▁the ▁Committee ▁emer ged ▁vict orious ▁and ▁became ▁a ▁r uling ▁jun ta , ▁with ▁T ala at ▁as ▁Grand ▁V iz ier ▁and ▁En ver ▁as ▁War ▁Minister , ▁and ▁established ▁a ▁German - fund ed ▁modern isation ▁program ▁across ▁the ▁Empire . ▁ ▁En ver ▁Bey ' s ▁al liance ▁with ▁Germany , ▁which ▁he ▁considered ▁the ▁most ▁advanced ▁military ▁power