▁and ▁David ▁Griff ith s , ▁who ▁established ▁schools , ▁trans cribed ▁the ▁Mal ag asy ▁language ▁using ▁the ▁Roman ▁alphabet , ▁translated ▁the ▁Bible , ▁and ▁introduced ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁new ▁techn ologies ▁to ▁the ▁island . ▁ ▁Rad ama ' s ▁successor , ▁Queen ▁Ran aval ona ▁I ▁( 1 8 2 8 – 6 1 ), ▁respond ed ▁to ▁increasing ▁political ▁and ▁cultural ▁enc ro achment ▁on ▁the ▁part ▁of ▁Britain ▁and ▁France ▁by ▁issu ing ▁a ▁royal ▁ed ict ▁prohib iting ▁the ▁practice ▁of ▁Christian ity ▁in ▁Mad agas car ▁and ▁press uring ▁most ▁foreign ers ▁to ▁leave ▁the ▁territory . ▁William ▁Ell is ▁( mission ary ) ▁described ▁his ▁vis its ▁made ▁during ▁her ▁reign ▁in ▁his ▁book ▁Three ▁Vis its ▁to ▁Mad agas car ▁during ▁the ▁years ▁ 1 8 5 3 , ▁ 1 8 5 4 ▁and ▁ 1 8 5 6 . ▁She ▁made ▁heavy ▁use ▁of ▁the ▁traditional ▁practice ▁of ▁fan om po ana ▁( for ced ▁labor ▁as ▁tax ▁payment ) ▁to ▁complete ▁public ▁works ▁projects ▁and ▁develop ▁a ▁standing ▁army ▁of ▁between ▁ 2 0 , 0 0 0 ▁and ▁ 3 0 , 0 0 0 ▁Mer ina ▁soldiers , ▁whom ▁she ▁deployed ▁to ▁pac ify ▁out lying ▁regions ▁of ▁the ▁island ▁and ▁further ▁expand ▁the ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁Mer ina ▁to ▁en comp ass ▁most ▁of ▁Mad agas car . ▁Res idents ▁of ▁Mad agas car ▁could ▁acc use ▁one ▁another ▁of ▁various ▁cr imes , ▁including ▁the ft ,