▁at ▁her ▁[ head ] ' ▁ ▁It ▁appears ▁as ▁k ik - ▁before ▁ ǫ ▁' do , ▁make ' ▁and ▁gives ▁it ▁a ▁benef active ▁gl oss ▁( k ik ǫ ▁dah a ▁' he ▁made ▁for ▁them '). ▁( It ▁should ▁not ▁be ▁mistaken ▁for ▁k iki - .) ▁ ▁The ▁redu p licated ▁k iki - ▁marks ▁reci pro city . ▁The ▁pl ural ▁marker ▁- tu ▁is ▁then ▁optional . ▁ ▁k iki y oh ǫ ▁' they ▁were ▁calling ▁to ▁one ▁another ' ▁ ▁k ik id ǫ hi ▁' they ▁were ▁looking ▁at ▁one ▁another ' į x ki - ▁( or ▁i x ki -, ▁perhaps ▁because ▁of ▁the ▁den as al izing ▁morph op ohn em ic ▁rule ▁above ) ▁marks ▁ref lex ives . ▁It ▁normally ▁comes ▁immediately ▁after ▁person ▁markers , ▁but ▁in ▁some ▁third - person ▁cases , ▁ki - ▁may ▁come ▁before ▁it : ▁▁ į x ki y adu ▁ye ▁and e ▁' he ▁was ▁wrapping ▁it ▁around ▁himself ' ▁ ▁k ix k id ic atu ▁' they ▁was h ▁themselves ' ▁▁ ▁Inst rument al ▁prefix es ▁ ▁Inst rument als ▁serve ▁to ▁mark ▁how ▁the ▁event ▁was ▁carried ▁out ▁and ▁immediately ▁preced e ▁the ▁root . ▁▁ ▁E ina udi ▁spec ul ates ▁that ▁V 1 V 2 ▁is ▁not ▁removed ▁because ▁of ▁possible ▁ambigu ity . ▁ ▁Only ▁traces ▁of ▁the ▁prefix es ▁remain . ▁▁ ▁Ad ver bs ▁▁ ▁Ad ver bs ▁may ▁be