▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁flu ▁pan demic , ▁significant ▁controvers y ▁broke ▁out ▁regarding ▁whether ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁H 1 N 1 ▁flu ▁v acc ine ▁was ▁safe ▁in , ▁among ▁other ▁countries , ▁France . ▁N umer ous ▁different ▁French ▁groups ▁public ly ▁critic ized ▁the ▁v acc ine ▁as ▁potentially ▁dangerous . ▁ ▁Other ▁safety ▁concerns ▁Other ▁safety ▁concerns ▁about ▁v acc ines ▁have ▁been ▁promoted ▁on ▁the ▁Internet , ▁in ▁inform al ▁meet ings , ▁in ▁books , ▁and ▁at ▁sym pos ia . ▁These ▁include ▁hypoth eses ▁that ▁v acc ination ▁can ▁cause ▁ep ile ptic ▁se iz ures , ▁all erg ies , ▁multiple ▁s cl eros is , ▁and ▁auto imm une ▁dise ases ▁such ▁as ▁type ▁ 1 ▁di ab etes , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁hypoth eses ▁that ▁v acc in ations ▁can ▁transmit ▁b ov ine ▁sp ong iform ▁en ce phal op ath y , ▁he pat itis ▁C ▁virus , ▁and ▁H IV . ▁These ▁hypoth eses ▁have ▁been ▁investig ated , ▁with ▁the ▁conclusion ▁that ▁currently ▁used ▁v acc ines ▁meet ▁high ▁safety ▁standards ▁and ▁that ▁criticism ▁of ▁v acc ine ▁safety ▁in ▁the ▁popular ▁press ▁is ▁not ▁just ified . ▁Lar ge ▁well - control led ▁ep ide mi olog ic ▁studies ▁have ▁been ▁conducted ▁and ▁the ▁results ▁do ▁not ▁support ▁the ▁hypothesis ▁that ▁v acc ines ▁cause ▁chron ic ▁dise ases . ▁Furthermore , ▁some ▁v acc ines ▁are ▁probably ▁more ▁likely ▁to ▁prevent ▁or