▁roles ▁and ▁sexual ▁pleasure . ▁ ▁She ▁finds ▁multiple ▁models ▁of ▁sexual ity ▁ ▁in ▁ ▁writ ings ▁throughout ▁the ▁m idd les ▁ages . ▁This ▁challeng ed ▁Thomas ▁La que ur ' s ▁assertion ▁in ▁ ▁M aking ▁Sex : ▁Body ▁and ▁G ender ▁from ▁the ▁Gree ks ▁to ▁Fre ud ▁( 1 9 9 0 ) ▁that ▁male ▁and ▁female ▁were ▁seen ▁as ▁" manifest ations ▁of ▁a ▁un ified ▁substr atum " ▁before ▁the ▁ 1 8 th ▁century . ▁Cad den ▁addressed ▁medieval ▁disc ourse ▁in ▁all ▁its ▁" st agger ing ▁complexity ", ▁an ▁" inter connected ness ▁of ▁intellectual ▁interests " ▁that ▁was ▁" far ▁from ▁comfort ing " ▁in ▁its ▁divers ity . ▁ ▁She ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁research ▁Pietro ▁D ' Ab ano ▁and ▁to ▁explore ▁the ▁complex ities ▁of ▁medieval ▁natural ▁philosoph ers ' ▁understanding ▁of ▁hom osex ual ▁desire ▁in ▁her ▁book ▁Nothing ▁Natural ▁Is ▁Sh ame ful : ▁S od omy ▁and ▁Science ▁in ▁Late ▁Med ieval ▁Europe ▁( 2 0 1 3 ). ▁Although ▁she ▁recogn izes ▁its ▁limitations , ▁she ▁uses ▁the ▁medieval ▁term ▁" s od omy " ▁to ▁avoid ▁confl ation ▁with ▁modern ▁sens es ▁of ▁the ▁term ▁" hom osex ual ity ". ▁Disc uss ion ▁focus es ▁around ▁Arist ot le ' s ▁Problem ata ▁IV . 2 6 ▁and ▁its ▁question ing ▁of ▁male - male ▁sexual ▁desire . ▁ ▁The ▁book ▁has ▁been ▁described ▁as ▁" a ▁s oph istic ated ▁reflection ▁on ▁sex