▁frequencies ▁in ▁the ▁in fr ason ic ▁range , ▁with ▁clear ▁form ant ▁structure . ▁Ele ph ants ▁exhib it ▁negative ▁em otion ▁and / or ▁increased ▁emot ional ▁intensity ▁through ▁their ▁r umb les , ▁based ▁on ▁specific ▁periods ▁of ▁social ▁interaction ▁and ▁ag itation . ▁ ▁C ats ▁ ▁It ▁has ▁been ▁post ulated ▁that ▁domestic ▁c ats ▁can ▁learn ▁to ▁manipulate ▁their ▁own ers ▁through ▁vocal izations ▁that ▁are ▁similar ▁to ▁the ▁c ries ▁of ▁human ▁b ab ies . ▁ ▁Some ▁c ats ▁learn ▁to ▁add ▁a ▁p urr ▁to ▁the ▁vocal ization , ▁which ▁makes ▁it ▁less ▁harm on ious ▁and ▁more ▁dis son ant ▁to ▁humans , ▁and ▁therefore ▁harder ▁to ▁ignore . ▁Ind ividual ▁c ats ▁learn ▁to ▁make ▁these ▁vocal izations ▁through ▁trial - and - error ; ▁when ▁a ▁particular ▁vocal ization ▁el ic its ▁a ▁positive ▁response ▁from ▁a ▁human , ▁the ▁probability ▁increases ▁that ▁the ▁cat ▁will ▁use ▁that ▁vocal ization ▁in ▁the ▁future . ▁ ▁G row ling ▁can ▁be ▁an ▁expression ▁of ▁anno y ance ▁or ▁fear , ▁similar ▁to ▁humans . ▁ ▁When ▁anno yed ▁or ▁angry , ▁a ▁cat ▁wr igg les ▁and ▁th umps ▁its ▁tail ▁much ▁more ▁vig or ously ▁than ▁when ▁in ▁a ▁content ed ▁state . ▁ ▁In ▁larger ▁fel ids ▁such ▁as ▁ ▁l ions , ▁what ▁appears ▁to ▁be ▁ir rit ating ▁to ▁them ▁var ies ▁between ▁individuals . ▁A ▁male ▁l ion ▁may ▁let ▁his ▁cub s ▁play ▁with ▁his ▁man