perm ▁flag ella . ▁ ▁Because ▁the ▁O DF ▁memb ran es ▁are ▁not ▁likely ▁to ▁support ▁p ore ▁formation , ▁V D AC 3 ▁may ▁interact ▁with ▁protein ▁partners ▁to ▁carry ▁out ▁other ▁functions ▁in ▁the ▁O DF . ▁For ▁instance , ▁within ▁cells , ▁V D AC 3 ▁pre domin antly ▁local izes ▁to ▁the ▁cent ros ome ▁and ▁rec ruits ▁M ps 1 ▁to ▁reg ulate ▁cent ri ole ▁assembly . ▁In ▁the ▁case ▁of ▁local ization ▁to ▁the ▁mit och ond ria , ▁V D AC 3 ▁interaction ▁with ▁M ps 1 ▁instead ▁leads ▁to ▁c ili ary ▁dis assembly . ▁ ▁C lin ical ▁significance ▁▁ ▁V D AC 3 ▁belongs ▁to ▁a ▁group ▁of ▁mit och ond rial ▁memb rane ▁channels ▁involved ▁in ▁trans location ▁of ▁ad en ine ▁nucle ot ides ▁through ▁the ▁outer ▁memb rane . ▁These ▁channels ▁may ▁also ▁function ▁as ▁a ▁mit och ond rial ▁binding ▁site ▁for ▁hex ok in ase ▁and ▁g ly cer ol ▁kin ase . ▁The ▁V D AC ▁is ▁an ▁important ▁constitu ent ▁in ▁apo pt otic ▁signal ing ▁and ▁ox id ative ▁stress , ▁most ▁not ably ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁mit och ond rial ▁death ▁path way ▁and ▁card iac ▁my ocy te ▁apo pt osis ▁signal ing . ▁Program med ▁cell ▁death ▁is ▁a ▁distinct ▁gen etic ▁and ▁bio chem ical ▁path way ▁essential ▁to ▁met az o ans . ▁An ▁int act ▁death ▁path way ▁is ▁required ▁for ▁successful ▁emb ry onic ▁development