ch emy . ▁ ▁Johann ▁Friedrich ▁B ött ger , ▁ 1 6 8 2 - 1 7 1 9 , ▁the ▁te en age ▁al chem ist ▁who ▁gets ▁imprison ed ▁and ▁forced , ▁given ▁the ▁materials ▁required , ▁to ▁come ▁up ▁with ▁a ▁reliable ▁way ▁to ▁produce ▁gold ▁and ▁who ▁tries ▁hard ▁but ▁ends ▁up ▁changing ▁direction ▁toward ▁the ▁search ▁to ▁find ▁a ▁commer cially ▁vi able ▁formula ▁for ▁por cel ain , ▁which ▁in ▁this ▁period ▁was ▁more ▁valuable ▁than ▁gold . ▁Ass isting ▁Ehren fried ▁Wal ther ▁von ▁Tsch ir n haus , ▁a ▁scient ist ▁who ▁has ▁already ▁been ▁experiment ing ▁with ▁ways ▁to ▁make ▁por cel ain . ▁Their ▁approach , ▁an ▁attempt ▁to ▁b ake ▁cl ay ▁at ▁higher ▁temper atures ▁than ▁had ▁ever ▁before ▁been ▁att ained ▁in ▁European ▁kil ns , ▁yield ed ▁the ▁break through ▁that ▁had ▁el ud ed ▁European ▁pot ters ▁for ▁a ▁century . ▁David ▁Kö h ler , ▁who ▁learned ▁por cel ain making ▁while ▁assist ing ▁B ött ger , ▁and ▁developed ▁the ▁first ▁en am el ▁colors ▁for ▁Me issen ▁por cel ain . ▁Samuel ▁St öl zel , ▁who ▁learned ▁por cel ain making ▁while ▁assist ing ▁B ött ger , ▁escaped ▁and ▁helped ▁start ▁a ▁rival ▁por cel ain ▁factory ▁in ▁Vienna , ▁rec ru ited ▁Her old , ▁rep ented , ▁returned ▁with ▁Her old ▁and ▁developed ▁the ▁en am el ▁colors ▁further . ▁Johan ▁Greg or ▁Her old , ▁an ▁am bit ious