▁a ▁brain ▁tum or , ▁with ▁a ▁probability ▁( i . e . ▁a ▁basic ▁belief ▁assignment — bb a ' s , ▁or ▁mass ▁of ▁belief ) ▁of ▁ 0 . 9 9 ; ▁or ▁men ing itis , ▁with ▁a ▁probability ▁of ▁only ▁ 0 . 0 1 . ▁A ▁second ▁doctor ▁bel ieves ▁the ▁patient ▁has ▁a ▁conc uss ion , ▁with ▁a ▁probability ▁of ▁ 0 . 9 9 , ▁and ▁bel ieves ▁the ▁patient ▁suff ers ▁from ▁men ing itis , ▁with ▁a ▁probability ▁of ▁only ▁ 0 . 0 1 . ▁App lying ▁ ▁D emp ster ’ s ▁rule ▁to ▁combine ▁these ▁two ▁sets ▁of ▁masses ▁of ▁belief , ▁one ▁gets ▁finally ▁m ( men ing itis )= 1 ▁( the ▁men ing itis ▁is ▁diagn osed ▁with ▁ 1 0 0 ▁percent ▁of ▁confidence ). ▁ ▁Such ▁result ▁goes ▁against ▁the ▁common ▁sense ▁since ▁both ▁do ctors ▁agree ▁that ▁there ▁is ▁a ▁little ▁chance ▁that ▁the ▁patient ▁has ▁a ▁men ing itis . ▁This ▁example ▁has ▁been ▁the ▁starting ▁point ▁of ▁many ▁research ▁works ▁for ▁trying ▁to ▁find ▁a ▁solid ▁just ification ▁for ▁D emp ster ' s ▁rule ▁and ▁for ▁found ations ▁of ▁D emp ster – S ha fer ▁Theory ▁or ▁to ▁show ▁the ▁incons isten cies ▁of ▁this ▁theory . ▁ ▁Example ▁producing ▁counter - int uit ive ▁results ▁in ▁case ▁of ▁low ▁conflict ▁The ▁following ▁example ▁shows ▁where ▁D emp ster ' s ▁rule ▁produces ▁a ▁counter - int uit ive