▁ ▁History ▁The ▁strateg ic ▁aspect ▁of ▁voting ▁is ▁already ▁noticed ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 6 ▁by ▁Charles ▁D od g son , ▁a ▁pione er ▁in ▁social ▁choice ▁theory , ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁Lewis ▁Car roll . ▁His ▁quote ▁( about ▁a ▁particular ▁voting ▁system ) ▁was ▁made ▁famous ▁by ▁Dun can ▁Black : This ▁principle ▁of ▁voting ▁makes ▁an ▁election ▁more ▁of ▁a ▁game ▁of ▁skill ▁than ▁a ▁real ▁test ▁of ▁the ▁wishes ▁of ▁the ▁elect ors . D uring ▁the ▁ 1 9 5 0 s , ▁Robin ▁Far qu har son ▁published ▁influ ential ▁articles ▁on ▁voting ▁theory . ▁In ▁an ▁article ▁with ▁Michael ▁Dum m ett , ▁he ▁conject ures ▁that ▁determin istic ▁voting ▁rules ▁with ▁at ▁least ▁three ▁issues ▁face ▁en demic ▁tact ical ▁voting . ▁This ▁Far qu ar son - D umm ett ▁conject ure ▁is ▁proven ▁independently ▁by ▁All an ▁Gib b ard ▁and ▁Mark ▁S atter th wa ite . ▁In ▁a ▁ 1 9 7 3 ▁article , ▁Gib b ard ▁explo its ▁Ar row ' s ▁impos s ibility ▁theorem ▁to ▁prove ▁the ▁theorem ▁that ▁now ▁be ars ▁his ▁name , ▁and ▁he ▁then ▁dedu ces ▁the ▁present ▁result , ▁which ▁is ▁an ▁immediate ▁consequence ▁of ▁it . ▁Independ ently , ▁S atter th wa ite ▁proves ▁the ▁same ▁result ▁in ▁his ▁Ph D ▁dis sert ation ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 3 , ▁then ▁publish es ▁it ▁in ▁a ▁ 1 9 7 5 ▁article . ▁His ▁proof ▁is