▁▁ ▁Broad ly ▁speaking , ▁the ▁XVIII ▁and ▁XIX ▁Military ▁Academ ies ▁in ▁Spain ▁had ▁been ▁located ▁tradition ally ▁at ▁To led o , ▁Infantry , ▁ 1 8 5 0 , ▁Seg ov ia , ▁Art illery , ▁ 1 7 6 4 , ▁Al cal á ▁de ▁Hen ares , ▁Engine ers , ▁ 1 8 0 3 , ▁Vall ad olid , ▁Caval ry , ▁ 1 8 5 2 . ▁One ▁joint , ▁basic ▁General ▁Military ▁Academy , ▁Academia ▁General ▁Mil itar ▁was ▁created ▁during ▁the ▁times ▁of ▁King ▁Alfonso ▁XII , ▁ 2 0 ▁February ▁ 1 8 8 2 , ▁at ▁Zar ago za . ▁ ▁On ▁ 1 7 ▁August ▁ 1 9 3 0 , ▁the ▁so - called ▁P act ▁of ▁San ▁Sebast i án , ▁was ▁led ▁on ▁one ▁side ▁by ▁Conserv ative ▁Right ▁leaders ▁Miguel ▁Ma ura , ▁son ▁of ▁Major can ▁conserv ative ▁prime ▁minister ▁of ▁Spain , ▁and ▁a ▁Duke , ▁Antonio ▁Ma ura ▁and ▁Nic eto ▁Al cal á - Z am ora . ▁ ▁They ▁bunch ed ▁together ▁with ▁members ▁of ▁other ▁rather ▁small ▁liberal ▁and ▁regional ist ▁republic an ▁parties ▁calling ▁also ▁for ▁action ▁to ▁support ▁modern ▁civil ▁libert ies ▁and ▁progress ▁in ▁Education . ▁ ▁On ▁ 1 4 ▁April ▁ 1 9 3 1 ▁the ▁Second ▁Spanish ▁Republic ▁was ▁approved ▁by ▁the ▁masses ▁after ▁the ▁earlier ▁municipal ▁elections ▁and ▁the ▁dissol ution ▁of ▁the ▁roy ally ▁approved ▁Military ▁Director ate ▁( 1 9 2 3