▁land sc apes . ▁ ▁Also ▁important ▁is ▁a ▁reaction ▁recently ▁amongst ▁sch ol ars ▁against ▁dual istic ▁thinking ▁about ▁nature ▁and ▁culture . ▁Maria ▁Ka ika ▁comments : ▁" Now ad ays , ▁we ▁are ▁beginning ▁to ▁see ▁nature ▁and ▁culture ▁as ▁inter tw ined ▁once ▁again ▁– ▁not ▁ont olog ically ▁separated ▁anymore ▁[ … ]. What ▁I ▁used ▁to ▁perce ive ▁as ▁a ▁compart ment al ized ▁world , ▁consisting ▁of ▁neat ly ▁and ▁tight ly ▁se aled , ▁autonom ous ▁‘ space ▁en velop es ’ ▁( the ▁home , ▁the ▁city , ▁and ▁nature ) ▁was , ▁in ▁fact , ▁a ▁mess y ▁so cio - sp atial ▁continu um ”. ▁And ▁William ▁C ron on ▁arg ues ▁against ▁the ▁idea ▁of ▁w ilder ness ▁because ▁it ▁" in vol ves ▁a ▁dual istic ▁vision ▁in ▁which ▁the ▁human ▁is ▁entirely ▁outside ▁the ▁natural " ▁and ▁aff ir ms ▁that ▁" w ild ness ▁( as ▁opposed ▁to ▁w ilder ness ) ▁can ▁be ▁found ▁anywhere " ▁even ▁" in ▁the ▁cra cks ▁of ▁a ▁Manh attan ▁side walk ." ▁According ▁to ▁C ron on ▁we ▁have ▁to ▁" ab andon ▁the ▁dual ism ▁that ▁sees ▁the ▁tree ▁in ▁the ▁garden ▁as ▁artificial ▁[ … ] ▁and ▁the ▁tree ▁in ▁the ▁w ilder ness ▁as ▁natural ▁[ … ] ▁Both ▁in ▁some ▁ult imate ▁sense ▁are ▁wild ." ▁Here ▁he ▁b ends ▁somewhat ▁the ▁regular ▁dictionary ▁meaning ▁of ▁wild , ▁to ▁emphas ise ▁that ▁nothing ▁natural , ▁even