ious " ▁field ▁makes ▁the ▁same ▁observations ▁as ▁a ▁rest ing ▁observer ▁in ▁his ▁" real " ▁field . ▁An ▁important ▁part ▁of ▁it ▁was ▁local ▁time ▁, ▁which ▁p aved ▁the ▁way ▁to ▁the ▁Lor ent z ▁transformation ▁and ▁which ▁he ▁introduced ▁independently ▁of ▁Vo igt . ▁With ▁the ▁help ▁of ▁this ▁concept , ▁Lor ent z ▁could ▁explain ▁the ▁aber r ation ▁of ▁light , ▁the ▁Do pp ler ▁effect ▁and ▁the ▁F ize au ▁experiment ▁as ▁well . ▁However , ▁Lor ent z ' s ▁local ▁time ▁was ▁only ▁an ▁auxili ary ▁mathematical ▁tool ▁to ▁simplify ▁the ▁transformation ▁from ▁one ▁system ▁into ▁another   – ▁it ▁was ▁Po inc ar é ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 0 ▁who ▁recognized ▁that ▁" local ▁time " ▁is ▁actually ▁indicated ▁by ▁moving ▁clock s . ▁Lor ent z ▁also ▁recognized ▁that ▁his ▁theory ▁viol ated ▁the ▁principle ▁of ▁action ▁and ▁reaction , ▁since ▁the ▁a ether ▁acts ▁on ▁matter , ▁but ▁matter ▁cannot ▁act ▁on ▁the ▁imm obile ▁a ether . ▁ ▁A ▁very ▁similar ▁model ▁was ▁created ▁by ▁Joseph ▁L arm or ▁( 1 8 9 7 , ▁ 1 9 0 0 ). ▁L arm or ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁to ▁put ▁Lor ent z ' s ▁ 1 8 9 5 - trans formation ▁into ▁a ▁form ▁algebra ically ▁equivalent ▁to ▁the ▁modern ▁Lor ent z ▁transformations , ▁however , ▁he ▁stated ▁that ▁his ▁transformations ▁preserved ▁the ▁form ▁of ▁Max well ' s ▁equations ▁only ▁to ▁second ▁order ▁of ▁. ▁Lor