▁Sh ao ▁( 1 6 2 6 – 1 6 4 4 ) ▁from ▁the ▁M ing ▁D ynast y . ▁ ▁The ▁earliest ▁term ▁for ▁' mart ial ▁arts ' ▁can ▁be ▁found ▁in ▁the ▁Han ▁History ▁( 2 0 6 BC - 2 3 AD ) ▁was ▁" mil it ary ▁fighting ▁techniques " ▁( ; ▁). ▁During ▁the ▁Song ▁period ▁( c . 9 6 0 ) ▁the ▁name ▁changed ▁to ▁" mart ial ▁arts " ▁( ; ▁). ▁In ▁ 1 9 2 8 ▁the ▁name ▁was ▁changed ▁to ▁" n ational ▁arts " ▁( ; ▁) ▁when ▁the ▁National ▁Mart ial ▁Arts ▁Academy ▁was ▁established ▁in ▁Nan j ing . ▁The ▁term ▁revert ed ▁to ▁w ǔ sh ù ▁under ▁the ▁People ' s ▁Republic ▁of ▁China ▁during ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 9 5 0 s . ▁ ▁As ▁forms ▁have ▁grown ▁in ▁complexity ▁and ▁quantity ▁over ▁the ▁years , ▁and ▁many ▁forms ▁alone ▁could ▁be ▁pract iced ▁for ▁a ▁lifetime , ▁modern ▁styles ▁of ▁Chinese ▁mart ial ▁arts ▁have ▁developed ▁that ▁concent rate ▁sole ly ▁on ▁forms , ▁and ▁do ▁not ▁practice ▁application ▁at ▁all . ▁These ▁styles ▁are ▁primarily ▁aim ed ▁at ▁exhibition ▁and ▁competition , ▁and ▁often ▁include ▁more ▁ac rob atic ▁j umps ▁and ▁movements ▁added ▁for ▁en hanced ▁visual ▁effect ▁compared ▁to ▁the ▁traditional ▁styles . ▁Those ▁who ▁generally ▁prefer ▁to ▁practice ▁traditional ▁styles , ▁focused ▁less ▁on ▁exhibition , ▁are ▁often ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁traditional ists . ▁ ▁Some ▁traditional ists ▁consider