ent ▁safety ▁pre ca utions . ▁ ▁Production ▁and ▁occurrence ▁The ▁production ▁of ▁dim eth yl car b amo yl ▁ch lor ide ▁from ▁ph os g ene ▁and ▁dim eth yl am ine ▁was ▁reported ▁as ▁early ▁as ▁ 1 8 7 9 ▁( report ed ▁as ▁" Dim eth yl h arn stoff ch lor id " ▁– ▁dim eth yl ure a ▁ch lor ide ). ▁ ▁DM CC ▁can ▁be ▁produced ▁in ▁high ▁yields ▁( 9 0 %) ▁at ▁ 2 7 5   ° C ▁by ▁react ing ▁ph os g ene ▁with ▁g ase ous ▁dim eth yl am ine ▁in ▁a ▁flow ▁re actor . ▁To ▁suppress ▁the ▁formation ▁of ▁u reas , ▁excess ▁ph os g ene ▁is ▁used ▁( in ▁a ▁ 3 : 1 ▁ratio ). ▁ ▁The ▁reaction ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁carried ▁out ▁at ▁the ▁labor atory ▁scale ▁with ▁di ph os g ene ▁or ▁tri ph os g ene ▁and ▁an ▁a que ous ▁dim eth yl am ine ▁solution ▁in ▁the ▁two - phase ▁system ▁of ▁ben z ene – x yl ene ▁and ▁water ▁in ▁a ▁stir red ▁re actor ▁with ▁sod ium ▁hydro x ide ▁as ▁an ▁acid ▁sc aven ger . ▁However , ▁consider ably ▁lower ▁yields ▁( 5 6 %) ▁are ▁achieved ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁hydro ly s is ▁sens itivity ▁of ▁DM CC . ▁ ▁Dim eth yl car b amo yl ▁ch lor ide ▁is ▁also ▁formed ▁( t ogether ▁with ▁m eth yl