- star red ▁as ▁rival ▁sm ugg ler ▁Cou rage ous ▁Kate . ▁An ach ron istic ▁all us ions , ▁such ▁as ▁a ▁" Sm ugg ling ▁Person ality ▁of ▁the ▁Year " ▁contest , ▁are ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁comedy . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁BBC ▁Press ▁Release ▁Radio ▁list ings ▁ ▁Category : B BC ▁Radio ▁comedy ▁program mes ▁Category : 2 0 0 3 ▁radio ▁programme ▁deb uts ▁Category : B BC ▁Radio ▁ 4 ▁program mes <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁following ▁outline ▁is ▁provided ▁as ▁an ▁over view ▁of ▁and ▁top ical ▁guide ▁to ▁fut ures ▁studies : ▁ ▁Fut ures ▁studies ▁( also ▁called ▁fut uro log y ) ▁– ▁study ▁of ▁post ulating ▁possible , ▁probable , ▁and ▁prefer able ▁fut ures ▁and ▁the ▁world views ▁and ▁myth s ▁that ▁under lie ▁them . ▁There ▁is ▁a ▁debate ▁as ▁to ▁whether ▁this ▁discipline ▁is ▁an ▁art ▁or ▁science . ▁In ▁general , ▁it ▁can ▁be ▁considered ▁as ▁a ▁branch ▁of ▁the ▁social ▁sciences ▁and ▁parallel ▁to ▁the ▁field ▁of ▁history . ▁History ▁studies ▁the ▁past , ▁fut ures ▁studies ▁cons iders ▁the ▁future . ▁Fut uro log y ▁( col lo qu ial ly ▁called ▁" f ut ures " ▁by ▁many ▁of ▁the ▁field ' s ▁pract ition ers ) ▁see ks ▁to ▁understand ▁what ▁is ▁likely ▁to ▁continue ▁and ▁what ▁could ▁pla us ibly ▁change . ▁Part ▁of ▁the ▁discipline ▁thus ▁see ks ▁a ▁system atic ▁and ▁pattern - based ▁understanding ▁of ▁past ▁and ▁present , ▁and