▁is ▁how ▁an ▁agent ▁acts ▁upon ▁reason , ▁if ▁the ▁said ▁intent ional ▁actions ▁are ▁sp ont aneous . ▁ ▁Some ▁non - ca us al ▁explan ations ▁involve ▁inv oking ▁pan ps ych ism , ▁the ▁theory ▁that ▁a ▁quality ▁of ▁mind ▁is ▁associated ▁with ▁all ▁particles , ▁and ▁per v ades ▁the ▁entire ▁universe , ▁in ▁both ▁animate ▁and ▁in animate ▁entities . ▁ ▁Event - ca us al ▁theories ▁Event - ca us al ▁accounts ▁of ▁in compat ibil ist ▁free ▁will ▁typically ▁rely ▁upon ▁physical ist ▁models ▁of ▁mind ▁( like ▁those ▁of ▁the ▁compat ibil ist ), ▁yet ▁they ▁pres upp ose ▁physical ▁ind et erm in ism , ▁in ▁which ▁certain ▁ind et erm in istic ▁events ▁are ▁said ▁to ▁be ▁caused ▁by ▁the ▁agent . ▁A ▁number ▁of ▁event - ca us al ▁accounts ▁of ▁free ▁will ▁have ▁been ▁created , ▁referenced ▁here ▁as ▁deliber ative ▁ind et erm in ism , ▁cent red ▁accounts , ▁and ▁efforts ▁of ▁will ▁theory . ▁The ▁first ▁two ▁accounts ▁do ▁not ▁require ▁free ▁will ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁fundamental ▁constitu ent ▁of ▁the ▁universe . ▁Ord inary ▁random ness ▁is ▁appe aled ▁to ▁as ▁supp lying ▁the ▁" el bow ▁room " ▁that ▁libert ari ans ▁believe ▁necessary . ▁A ▁first ▁common ▁ob jection ▁to ▁event - ca us al ▁accounts ▁is ▁that ▁the ▁ind et erm in ism ▁could ▁be ▁destruct ive ▁and ▁could ▁therefore ▁dimin ish ▁control ▁by ▁the ▁agent ▁rather ▁than ▁provide ▁it ▁( related ▁to ▁the