▁T rit icale ). ▁ ▁Us es ▁of ▁som atic ▁fusion ▁include ▁making ▁pot ato ▁plants ▁resist ant ▁to ▁pot ato ▁leaf ▁roll ▁disease . ▁Through ▁som atic ▁fusion , ▁the ▁c rop ▁pot ato ▁plant ▁Sol an um ▁tub eros um ▁– ▁the ▁yield ▁of ▁which ▁is ▁sever ely ▁reduced ▁by ▁a ▁vir al ▁disease ▁transm itted ▁on ▁by ▁the ▁a ph id ▁vector ▁– ▁is ▁f used ▁with ▁the ▁wild , ▁non - t uber - b ear ing ▁pot ato ▁Sol an um ▁bre vid ens , ▁which ▁is ▁resist ant ▁to ▁the ▁disease . ▁The ▁resulting ▁hy brid ▁has ▁the ▁chrom os om es ▁of ▁both ▁plants ▁and ▁is ▁thus ▁similar ▁to ▁pol yp lo id ▁plants . ▁Som atic ▁hy brid ization ▁was ▁first ▁introduced ▁by ▁Carl son ▁et ▁al . ▁in ▁Nic ot iana ▁gla uca . ▁ ▁Process ▁for ▁plant ▁cells ▁The ▁som atic ▁fusion ▁process ▁occurs ▁in ▁four ▁steps : ▁▁▁ ▁The ▁removal ▁of ▁the ▁cell ▁wall ▁of ▁one ▁cell ▁of ▁each ▁type ▁of ▁plant ▁using ▁cell ul ase ▁en zym e ▁to ▁produce ▁a ▁som atic ▁cell ▁called ▁a ▁pro top last ▁▁▁ ▁The ▁cells ▁are ▁then ▁f used ▁using ▁electric ▁shock ▁( elect ro f usion ) ▁or ▁chemical ▁treatment ▁to ▁join ▁the ▁cells ▁and ▁f use ▁together ▁the ▁nuc lei . ▁The ▁resulting ▁f used ▁nucle us ▁is ▁called ▁heter ok ary on . ▁▁▁ ▁The ▁formation ▁of ▁the ▁cell ▁wall ▁is ▁then ▁induced ▁using ▁h orm ones ▁▁▁ ▁The ▁cells ▁are