1 9 5 8 . ▁A ▁direct ▁German ▁translation ▁by ▁Walter ▁T iel ▁was ▁published ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 0 . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁the ▁first ▁Brazil ian ▁Portuguese ▁translation ▁by ▁Tom asz ▁Bar ci ński , ▁direct ▁from ▁the ▁Polish ▁original ▁text , ▁was ▁delivered . ▁ ▁The ▁first ▁English ▁translation ▁of ▁Ferd yd ur ke , ▁by ▁Eric ▁Mos bach er , ▁was ▁published ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 1 . ▁It ▁was ▁a ▁combined ▁indirect ▁translation ▁of ▁the ▁French , ▁German ▁and ▁possibly ▁Spanish ▁transl ations . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 0 , ▁Y ale ▁University ▁Press ▁published ▁the ▁first ▁direct ▁translation ▁from ▁the ▁original ▁Polish . ▁The ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁edition , ▁translated ▁by ▁Dan uta ▁Bor ch ard t , ▁has ▁an ▁introduction ▁by ▁Susan ▁S ont ag . ▁ ▁Direct ▁and ▁indirect ▁transl ations ▁now ▁exist ▁in ▁over ▁twenty ▁languages . ▁ ▁Ada pt ations ▁Jer zy ▁Sk ol im owski ▁directed ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 1 ▁film ▁adaptation ▁of ▁Ferd yd ur ke ▁( altern ate ▁English ▁title : ▁ 3 0 ▁Do or ▁Key ) ▁with ▁an ▁international ▁cast ▁including ▁I ain ▁Glen , ▁Cris pin ▁Glo ver , ▁Be ata ▁Poz nia k , ▁Robert ▁Steph ens , ▁Jud ith ▁God r è che , ▁Z b ign iew ▁Zam ach owski , ▁and ▁Fab ienne ▁B abe . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 9 , ▁Ferd yd ur ke ▁was ▁adapted ▁into ▁intern