▁a ▁new ▁Christian ▁one , ▁and ▁un ited ▁under ▁the ▁imperial ▁crown ▁all ▁the ▁German ▁races ▁at ▁that ▁time . ▁ ▁Years ▁after ▁his ▁death , ▁in ▁ 8 4 3 , ▁his ▁emp ire ▁fell ▁apart , ▁and ▁the ▁r ul ers ▁of ▁Italy , ▁France , ▁and ▁Germany ▁were ▁more ▁att ent ive ▁to ▁the ▁Church ' s ▁des ires ▁in ▁the ▁making ▁of ▁laws ▁dealing ▁with ▁the ▁Jews . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁w ake ▁of ▁a ▁narrow ▁military ▁defeat ▁over ▁Muslim ▁forces , ▁Leo ▁III ▁of ▁Constantin ople ▁decided ▁his ▁nation ' s ▁weak ness ▁lay ▁in ▁its ▁heter ogeneous ▁population ▁and ▁began ▁the ▁for cible ▁conversion ▁of ▁the ▁Jews , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁New ▁Christians . ▁However , ▁some ▁were ▁able ▁to ▁secret ly ▁continue ▁their ▁Jewish ▁practices . ▁In ▁ 1 0 4 0 , ▁R ashi ▁was ▁born , ▁and ▁in ▁the ▁w ake ▁of ▁the ▁Norman ▁con quest ▁of ▁England , ▁Jews ▁left ▁Norm andy ▁to ▁sett le ▁in ▁London ▁and ▁other ▁cities ▁such ▁as ▁York , ▁Nor wich , ▁Oxford , ▁Br istol ▁and ▁Lincoln , ▁where ▁Pope ▁Gregory ▁VII ▁prohib ited ▁Jews ▁from ▁holding ▁offices ▁in ▁Christ end om . ▁I ban ▁I ash uf in , ▁the ▁King ▁of ▁the ▁Al mor av ides , ▁captured ▁Gran ada ▁and ▁destroyed ▁the ▁Jewish ▁community , ▁as ▁the ▁surv iv ors ▁fled ▁to ▁To led o . ▁In ▁ 1 0 9 5 , ▁Henry ▁IV ▁of ▁Germany ▁granted ▁the ▁Jews ▁favor able ▁conditions