▁Navy ▁with ▁four ▁war ships : ▁Mississippi , ▁P ly mouth , ▁Sar at oga , ▁and ▁Sus que h anna ▁ste amed ▁into ▁the ▁Bay ▁of ▁E do ▁( T ok yo ) ▁and ▁displayed ▁the ▁threaten ing ▁power ▁of ▁his ▁ships ' ▁Pa ix h ans ▁guns . ▁He ▁demanded ▁that ▁Japan ▁open ▁to ▁trade ▁with ▁the ▁West . ▁These ▁ships ▁became ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁k uro f une , ▁the ▁Black ▁Sh ips . ▁ ▁End ▁of ▁isol ation ism ▁ ▁The ▁following ▁year , ▁at ▁the ▁Convention ▁of ▁Kan ag awa ▁( M arch ▁ 3 1 , ▁ 1 8 5 4 ), ▁Perry ▁returned ▁with ▁seven ▁ships ▁and ▁forced ▁the ▁Sh og un ▁to ▁sign ▁the ▁" T re aty ▁of ▁Peace ▁and ▁Am ity ", ▁establish ing ▁formal ▁diplom atic ▁relations ▁between ▁Japan ▁and ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁The ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁signed ▁the ▁Ang lo - J apan ese ▁Friend ship ▁Tre aty ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁ 1 8 5 4 . ▁ ▁Between ▁ 1 8 5 2 ▁and ▁ 1 8 5 5 , ▁Admir al ▁Y ev f imi y ▁Put y atin ▁of ▁the ▁Russian ▁Navy ▁made ▁several ▁attempts ▁to ▁obtain ▁from ▁the ▁Sh og un ▁fav ou rable ▁trade ▁terms ▁for ▁Russia . ▁In ▁June ▁ 1 8 5 3 , ▁he ▁brought ▁to ▁Nag as aki ▁Bay ▁a ▁letter ▁from ▁the ▁Foreign ▁Minister ▁Karl ▁N essel ro de ▁and ▁demonstrated ▁to ▁Tan aka ▁His ash ige ▁a ▁steam ▁engine