▁returning ▁to ▁a ▁more ▁interactive ▁strategy ▁regarding ▁issue ▁networks . ▁In ▁other ▁countries , ▁group ▁input ▁is ▁a ▁vital ▁component ▁of ▁the ▁policy - making ▁process , ▁through ▁that ▁process ▁b ureau cr atic ▁expert ise ▁is ▁built - up ▁and ▁maintained . ▁The ▁existence ▁of ▁knowledge able ▁government ▁ag encies ▁is ▁necessary ▁to ▁balance ▁the ▁dem ands ▁of ▁compet ing ▁groups ▁and ▁thereby ▁ensure ▁greater ▁stability ▁of ▁policy ▁out comes . ▁For ▁example , ▁in ▁Australia , ▁higher ▁education ▁is ▁a ▁good ▁example ▁of ▁how ▁the ▁government ▁is ▁listening ▁to ▁client ele ▁groups ▁( issue ▁networks ) ▁less ▁than ▁they ▁were ▁in ▁the ▁past ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁complexity ▁of ▁univers ities ▁and ▁the ▁higher ▁education ▁system . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁▁ ▁Iron ▁triangle ▁( US ▁politics ) # C ult iv ation ▁of ▁a ▁constitu ency ▁ ▁Global ▁public ▁policy ▁networks ▁ ▁Policy ▁network ▁analysis ▁ ▁Policy ▁network ▁( in ▁German ) ▁ ▁Mult ist ake holder ▁govern ance ▁model ▁ ▁S ources ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Marc ▁Land y ▁and ▁Sid ney ▁M . ▁Mil k is . ▁ ▁American ▁Government : ▁Bal ancing ▁Dem ocracy ▁and ▁Rights . ▁ ▁New ▁York : ▁McG raw - H ill , ▁ 2 0 0 4 . ▁ ▁Mil ton ▁C . ▁C umm ings , ▁Jr . ▁and ▁David ▁W ise . ▁Dem ocracy ▁Under ▁Press ure : ▁An ▁Introduction ▁to ▁the ▁American ▁Political ▁System , ▁T enth ▁Edition . ▁Thompson - ▁W ad sw orth , ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁