▁C aps ular ▁pol ys ac char ide ▁( CP S ) ▁▁ ▁The ▁enc aps ulated ▁stra in ▁of ▁P . ▁ging ival is ▁is ▁much ▁more ▁vir ul ent ▁than ▁the ▁non enc aps ulated ▁stra in ▁in ▁a ▁mouse ▁abs cess ▁model . ▁The ▁caps ule ▁is ▁a ▁caps ular ▁pol ys ac char ide ▁and ▁when ▁present ▁down ▁regul ates ▁cy tok ine ▁production ▁especially ▁pro infl am mat ory ▁cy tok ines ▁IL - 1 β , ▁IL - 6 , ▁IL - 8 , ▁and ▁T NF - α , ▁indicating ▁host ▁ev asion ▁responses . ▁However , ▁other ▁studies ▁have ▁found ▁the ▁C PS ▁to ▁el ic it ▁host ▁imm une ▁responses ▁like ▁PM N ▁migration ▁and ▁do se ▁and ▁time ▁dependent ▁expression ▁of ▁cell ▁migration ▁chem ok ines ▁like ▁M CP - 1 , ▁K C , ▁M IP - 2 ▁and ▁R ANT ES ▁in ▁C PS - ch alleng ed ▁mur ine ▁per it one al ▁macro ph ages . ▁These ▁conditions ▁are ▁likely ▁to ▁contribute ▁to ▁the ▁infl am mat ory ▁les ions ▁observed ▁in ▁period ont itis . ▁ ▁V acc ines ▁made ▁from ▁P . ▁ging ival is ▁C PS ▁apparently ▁imp air ▁or al ▁b one ▁loss ▁in ▁mur ine ▁models . ▁These ▁v acc ines ▁have ▁been ▁able ▁to ▁el ic it ▁pot ent ▁imm une ▁responses ▁such ▁as ▁increased ▁Ig M ▁and ▁Ig G ▁responses ▁that ▁recognize ▁whole ▁P . ▁ging ival is ▁organ isms . ▁