SS A ) ▁or ▁joint ▁sales ▁agre ements ▁( J SA ), ▁al beit ▁with ▁little ▁different iation ▁in ▁their ▁structure ) ▁have ▁allowed ▁some ▁broadcast ing ▁companies ▁to ▁operate ▁stations ▁that ▁they ▁could ▁otherwise ▁not ▁leg ally ▁own ▁out right ▁due ▁to ▁in - market ▁ownership ▁reg ulations ; ▁these ▁arrang ements ▁first ▁began ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 1 , ▁when ▁the ▁S inc la ir ▁Broadcast ▁Group ▁entered ▁into ▁such ▁an ▁arrangement ▁to ▁run ▁W PT T ▁( now ▁W PN T ) ▁in ▁Pitts burgh , ▁after ▁it ▁sold ▁the ▁station ▁to ▁its ▁manager ▁Ed win ▁Edwards ▁to ▁ac quire ▁Fox ▁affili ate ▁W PG H - TV . ▁However , ▁as ▁companies ▁like ▁S inc la ir ▁and ▁the ▁N ex star ▁Broadcast ing ▁Group ▁have ▁used ▁out s our cing ▁as ▁loop hol es ▁around ▁ownership ▁reg ulations ▁at ▁the ▁exp ense ▁of ▁independent ▁( and ▁particularly , ▁minor ity ) ▁ownership , ▁the ▁F CC ▁has ▁made ▁attempts ▁to ▁restrict ▁broad c aster s ▁from ▁using ▁them , ▁passing ▁a ▁rule ▁in ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁that ▁dis allowed ▁all ▁JS As ▁in ▁which ▁one ▁company ▁s ells ▁ 1 5 % ▁of ▁advert ising ▁for ▁another ▁station ▁and ▁required ▁all ▁existing ▁ones ▁to ▁be ▁unw ound ▁within ▁five ▁years ▁( the ▁National ▁Association ▁of ▁Broad c aster s ▁back ed ▁a ▁provision ▁passed ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁a ▁November ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁Cong r essional ▁budget ▁bill ▁that ▁extended ▁to ▁the ▁time