▁RE I . ▁ ▁Re product ive ▁surg ery ▁is ▁a ▁related ▁special ty , ▁where ▁a ▁phys ician ▁in ▁ob - g yn ▁or ▁u ro log y ▁further ▁special izes ▁to ▁operate ▁on ▁an atom ical ▁dis orders ▁that ▁affect ▁fert ility . ▁ ▁Cert ification ▁In ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁countries , ▁the ▁path way ▁to ▁become ▁a ▁sub special ist ▁in ▁RE I ▁is ▁reg ulated . ▁Thus , ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁for ▁instance , ▁the ▁American ▁Board ▁of ▁Ob st et rics ▁and ▁Gy ne col ogy ▁( AB O G ) ▁and ▁American ▁O ste op ath ic ▁Board ▁of ▁Ob st et rics ▁and ▁Gy ne col ogy ▁set ▁the ▁standards ▁for ▁sub special ists ▁to ▁become ▁cert ified . ▁After ▁four ▁years ▁of ▁training ▁in ▁Ob st et rics ▁and ▁Gy ne col ogy , ▁a ▁three - year ▁approved ▁fellow ship ▁needs ▁to ▁be ▁successfully ▁completed . ▁Then , ▁to ▁become ▁board ▁cert ified ▁in ▁re product ive ▁end ocr in ology ▁and ▁infer til ity , ▁one ▁must ▁first ▁complete ▁board ▁cert ification ▁in ▁obst et rics ▁and ▁gy ne col ogy ▁( written ▁and ▁or al ▁ex ams ), ▁and ▁then ▁cert ify ▁in ▁re product ive ▁end ocr in ology ▁and ▁infer til ity ▁( written ▁and ▁or al ▁ex ams ). ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁fellow ship ▁in ▁re product ive ▁end ocr in ology ▁and ▁infer til ity ▁usually ▁takes ▁ 3 ▁years , ▁and ▁is