▁of ▁Pro let arian ▁Writ ers ▁( R APP ) ▁adopted ▁the ▁s log an ▁" te ar ▁off ▁each ▁and ▁every ▁mask ▁from ▁reality ". ▁This ▁was ▁based ▁on ▁a ▁quot ation ▁from ▁Len in , ▁who ▁wrote ▁in ▁his ▁ 1 9 0 8 ▁ess ay ▁on ▁Leo ▁Tol sto y ▁as ▁mirror ▁of ▁the ▁Russian ▁revolution ▁that ▁the ▁" real ism ▁of ▁Tol sto y ▁was ▁the ▁te aring ▁off ▁of ▁each ▁and ▁every ▁mask " ( s ry van ie ▁v se kh ▁i ▁vs ia ches k ikh ▁mas ok ). ▁The ▁commun ist ▁authorities ▁kept ▁detailed ▁files ▁on ▁the ▁class ▁and ▁political ▁credentials ▁of ▁citizens , ▁leading ▁to ▁what ▁histor ians ▁call ▁" file - selves ". ▁ ▁Much ▁later , ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 3 ▁( 1 6 ▁years ▁before ▁S la voj ▁Ž i ž ek ▁entered ▁the ▁intellectual ▁scene ) ▁the ▁German ▁New ▁Left ▁critic ▁Michael ▁Schne ider ▁claimed ▁that : ▁ ▁According ▁to ▁this ▁interpretation , ▁there ▁was ▁a ▁" bl ind ▁spot " ▁in ▁Marx ' s ▁explanation ▁of ▁b our ge ois ▁society , ▁because ▁he ▁had ▁dis reg arded ▁psych ological ▁factors . ▁Moreover , ▁Marx ists ▁had ▁interpreted ▁Marx ' s ▁theory ▁of ▁the ▁" person ification ▁of ▁economic ▁functions " ▁as ▁an ▁alternative ▁to ▁psych ology ▁as ▁such . ▁Thus , ▁equ ipped ▁with ▁a ▁simpl istic ▁" ref lection ▁theory ▁of ▁conscious ness " ▁and ▁an ▁" object iv ist ▁concept ▁of ▁class ▁conscious ness ",