▁African ▁States ▁Category : Ext ract ive ▁Indust ries ▁Trans par ency ▁In iti ative ▁Category : F rench - spe aking ▁countries ▁and ▁territ ories ▁Category : Member ▁states ▁of ▁the ▁Organisation ▁internationale ▁de ▁la ▁Franc oph onie ▁Category : Member ▁states ▁of ▁the ▁African ▁Union ▁Category : Member ▁states ▁of ▁the ▁Organisation ▁of ▁Islam ic ▁Co operation ▁Category : Member ▁states ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁Nations ▁Category : Rep ublic s ▁Category : St ates ▁and ▁territ ories ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 0 ▁Category : West ▁African ▁countries ▁Category : 1 9 6 0 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁I v ory ▁Coast ▁Category : Count ries ▁in ▁Africa <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁International ▁Committee ▁for ▁the ▁History ▁of ▁Technology ▁( IC O HT EC ) ▁was ▁founded ▁at ▁a ▁meeting ▁of ▁the ▁International ▁Congress ▁on ▁the ▁History ▁of ▁Science , ▁Technology , ▁and ▁Medicine ▁in ▁Paris ▁in ▁the ▁summer ▁of ▁ 1 9 6 8 . ▁Its ▁found ing ▁was ▁the ▁brain child ▁of ▁Mel vin ▁K ran z berg , ▁Professor ▁of ▁the ▁History ▁of ▁Technology ▁at ▁Case ▁Western ▁Reserve ▁University ▁in ▁Cleveland , ▁Ohio , ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁K ran z berg ▁had ▁already ▁established ▁the ▁Society ▁for ▁the ▁History ▁of ▁Technology ▁( SH OT ) ▁and ▁its ▁journal , ▁Technology ▁and ▁Culture , ▁but ▁he ▁felt ▁that ▁in ▁the ▁midst ▁of ▁Cold ▁War ▁t ensions , ▁there ▁was ▁a ▁need ▁for ▁another ▁forum ▁that ▁focused ▁on ▁crossing ▁the ▁artificial ▁borders ▁of ▁the ▁Iron ▁Cur tain . ▁For