ated ▁such ▁well - known ▁historical ▁develop ments ▁in ▁applied ▁psych ology ▁as ▁the ▁Committee ▁on ▁Classification ▁of ▁Person nel ▁in ▁the ▁army ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 7 – 1 9 1 8 ▁and ▁the ▁formation ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 9 – 1 9 2 3 ▁of ▁the ▁Scott ▁Company , ▁the ▁first ▁personnel ▁consult ing ▁firm ▁of ▁applied ▁psych olog ists . ▁B ingham ▁created ▁the ▁Bureau ▁of ▁mental ▁tests ▁and ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 6 , ▁an ▁um bre lla ▁organization , ▁the ▁Division ▁of ▁App lied ▁Psych ology ▁which ▁developed ▁into ▁the ▁first ▁organized ▁academic / indust ry ▁co oper ative ▁personnel ▁research ▁program . ▁ ▁World ▁Wars ▁and ▁Int elligence ▁Test ing ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 1 7 , ▁immediately ▁after ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁entered ▁the ▁First ▁World ▁War , ▁a ▁small ▁team ▁of ▁psych olog ists — B ingham ▁among ▁them — head ed ▁by ▁Robert ▁M . ▁Y erk es ▁was ▁deployed ▁to ▁design ▁group ▁intelligence ▁tests ▁that ▁could ▁identify ▁rec ruits ▁with ▁low ▁intelligence ▁and ▁allow ▁the ▁Army ▁to ▁recognize ▁men ▁who ▁were ▁particularly ▁well - su ited ▁for ▁special ▁assign ments ▁and ▁officers ’ ▁training ▁schools . ▁It ▁was ▁believed ▁that ▁he ▁had ▁a ▁unique ▁gift ▁in ▁ident ifying ▁tal ented ▁individuals . ▁The ▁final ▁forms ▁of ▁the ▁Army ▁Al pha ▁and ▁B eta ▁tests ▁were ▁published ▁in ▁January ▁ 1 9 1 9 , ▁and ▁by ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁war ▁they ▁had ▁been ▁admin ister ed ▁to ▁approximately ▁two