▁pred ators . ▁Bey ond ▁humans , ▁adult s ▁can ▁be ▁taken ▁by ▁co y otes ▁and ▁grey ▁wol ves ▁( Can is ▁l up us ). ▁Av ian ▁pred ators ▁that ▁are ▁known ▁to ▁kill ▁adult s , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁young ▁ge ese , ▁include ▁snow y ▁ow ls ▁( B ub o ▁sc and ia cus ), ▁golden ▁e ag les ▁( A qu ila ▁ch ry sa et os ) ▁and ▁bald ▁e ag les ▁( H alia e et us ▁le u co ce phal us ) ▁and , ▁though ▁rarely ▁on ▁large ▁adult ▁ge ese , ▁great ▁horn ed ▁ow ls ▁( B ub o ▁vir gin ian us ), ▁g osh aw ks ▁( Ac cip iter ▁gent ilis ), Mad sen , ▁J . ▁( 1 9 8 8 ). ▁G osh awk , ▁Ac cip iter ▁gent ilis , ▁har ass ing ▁and ▁killing ▁br ent ▁ge ese ▁Br anta ▁b ern ic la . ▁Med de le l se ▁fra ▁V ild t bi olog isk ▁Station ▁( Den mark ). ▁per egr ine ▁fal cons ▁( F al co ▁per egr inus ), ▁and ▁g yr fal cons ▁( F al co ▁rust icol us ). ▁Ad ult s ▁are ▁quite ▁vig orous ▁at ▁disp la cing ▁potential ▁pred ators ▁from ▁the ▁nest ▁site , ▁with ▁pred ator ▁prevent ion ▁usually ▁falling ▁to ▁the ▁larger ▁male ▁of ▁the ▁pair . Pal mer , ▁R . ▁S . ▁( 1 9 7 6