▁XI ▁resulted ▁in ▁the ▁rise ▁of ▁the ▁contract ▁city . ▁ ▁Article ▁ 4 , ▁section ▁ 8 ( d ) ▁defines ▁an ▁" ur gency ▁stat ute " ▁as ▁one ▁" necess ary ▁for ▁immediate ▁pres ervation ▁of ▁the ▁public ▁peace , ▁health , ▁or ▁safety "; ▁any ▁proposed ▁bill ▁including ▁such ▁a ▁provision ▁includes ▁a ▁" statement ▁of ▁facts ▁const itut ing ▁the ▁necessity " ▁and ▁a ▁two - third s ▁majority ▁of ▁each ▁house ▁is ▁required ▁to ▁also ▁separately ▁pass ▁the ▁bill ' s ▁ur gency ▁section . ▁ ▁Many ▁of ▁the ▁individual ▁rights ▁cla uses ▁in ▁the ▁state ▁constitution ▁have ▁been ▁constru ed ▁as ▁protect ing ▁rights ▁bro ader ▁than ▁the ▁Bill ▁of ▁Rights ▁in ▁the ▁federal ▁constitution . ▁Two ▁examples ▁include ▁( 1 ) ▁the ▁Pr un ey ard ▁Sho pping ▁Center ▁v . ▁Rob ins ▁case ▁involving ▁an ▁imp lied ▁right ▁to ▁free ▁speech ▁in ▁private ▁sho pping ▁cent ers , ▁and ▁( 2 ) ▁the ▁first ▁decision ▁in ▁America ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 2 ▁which ▁found ▁the ▁death ▁penalty ▁un const itution al , ▁California ▁v . ▁Anderson , ▁ 6 ▁Cal . ▁ 3 d ▁ 6 2 8 . ▁This ▁noted ▁that ▁under ▁California ' s ▁state ▁constitution ▁a ▁stronger ▁protection ▁applies ▁than ▁under ▁the ▁U . S . ▁Constitution ' s ▁E ighth ▁Am end ment ; ▁the ▁former ▁prohib its ▁pun ish ments ▁that ▁are ▁" c ru el ▁or ▁unusual ", ▁while ▁the ▁latter ▁only ▁prohib its ▁pun ish ments