io ▁ ▁Carlo ▁Michel uz zi ▁as ▁Il ▁padre ▁di ▁Fab riz io ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 4 2 ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 4 2 ▁drama ▁films ▁Category : Ital ian ▁films ▁Category : Ital ian - language ▁films ▁Category : Ital ian ▁black - and - white ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁directed ▁by ▁Luigi ▁Z ampa ▁Category : Fil ms ▁with ▁screen plays ▁by ▁Ces are ▁Z av att ini ▁Category : Ital ian ▁drama ▁films <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Nev ada – Tex as – U t ah ▁ret ort ▁process ▁( also ▁known ▁as ▁N T U , ▁D und as – How es ▁or ▁R ex co ▁process ) ▁was ▁an ▁above - ground ▁sh ale ▁oil ▁extra ction ▁technology ▁to ▁produce ▁sh ale ▁oil , ▁a ▁type ▁of ▁synth etic ▁cru de ▁oil . ▁ ▁It ▁he ated ▁oil ▁sh ale ▁in ▁a ▁se aled ▁vessel ▁( ret ort ) ▁causing ▁its ▁decomposition ▁into ▁sh ale ▁oil , ▁oil ▁sh ale ▁gas ▁and ▁spent ▁resid ue . ▁The ▁process ▁was ▁developed ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 2 0 s ▁and ▁used ▁for ▁sh ale ▁oil ▁production ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁and ▁in ▁Australia . ▁The ▁process ▁was ▁simple ▁to ▁operate ; ▁however , ▁it ▁was ▁ceased ▁from ▁the ▁operation ▁because ▁of ▁a ▁small ▁capacity ▁and ▁labor ▁extens iveness . ▁ ▁History ▁The ▁N T U ▁ret ort ▁was ▁a ▁successor ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 th - century ▁coal ▁gas ification ▁ret ort