▁Po ynt ing , ▁Hend rik ▁Lor ent z , ▁and ▁Joseph ▁L arm or . ▁ ▁Search ▁for ▁the ▁a ether ▁Regarding ▁the ▁relative ▁motion ▁and ▁the ▁mut ual ▁influence ▁of ▁matter ▁and ▁a ether , ▁there ▁were ▁two ▁controvers ial ▁theories . ▁One ▁was ▁developed ▁by ▁F res nel ▁( and ▁subsequently ▁Lor ent z ). ▁This ▁model ▁( Station ary ▁A ether ▁Theory ) ▁supposed ▁that ▁light ▁propag ates ▁as ▁a ▁trans verse ▁wave ▁and ▁a ether ▁is ▁partially ▁drag ged ▁with ▁a ▁certain ▁coefficient ▁by ▁matter . ▁Based ▁on ▁this ▁assumption , ▁F res nel ▁was ▁able ▁to ▁explain ▁the ▁aber r ation ▁of ▁light ▁and ▁many ▁optical ▁phen omena . The ▁other ▁hypothesis ▁was ▁proposed ▁by ▁George ▁Gabriel ▁Sto kes , ▁who ▁stated ▁in ▁ 1 8 4 5 ▁that ▁the ▁a ether ▁was ▁fully ▁drag ged ▁by ▁matter ▁( l ater ▁this ▁view ▁was ▁also ▁shared ▁by ▁H ert z ). ▁In ▁this ▁model ▁the ▁a ether ▁might ▁be ▁( by ▁anal ogy ▁with ▁p ine ▁pitch ) ▁rig id ▁for ▁fast ▁objects ▁and ▁fluid ▁for ▁slower ▁objects . ▁Thus ▁the ▁Earth ▁could ▁move ▁through ▁it ▁fairly ▁freely , ▁but ▁it ▁would ▁be ▁rig id ▁enough ▁to ▁transport ▁light . ▁F res nel ' s ▁theory ▁was ▁preferred ▁because ▁his ▁drag ging ▁coefficient ▁was ▁confirmed ▁by ▁the ▁F ize au ▁experiment ▁in ▁ 1 8 5 1 , ▁which ▁measured ▁the ▁speed ▁of ▁light ▁in ▁moving ▁liqu ids . ▁▁ ▁Albert ▁A . ▁Michel son ▁( 1