▁Nu ' ay r , ▁Say f ▁ibn ▁Ali , ▁killed ▁the ▁am ir ▁al - ʿ arab ▁and ▁his ▁cousin , ▁Sul ay man ▁ibn ▁Ass af , ▁in ▁ 1 4 8 0 , ▁but ▁was ▁himself ▁killed ▁by ▁Am ir ▁ibn ▁I jl ▁the ▁following ▁year ▁in ▁reven ge . ▁Say f ' s ▁son ▁was ▁recorded ▁as ▁the ▁am ir ▁al - ʿ arab ▁in ▁ 1 4 9 6 . ▁ ▁Ott oman ▁era ▁The ▁Mam lu ks ▁were ▁driven ▁out ▁of ▁Sy ria ▁by ▁the ▁Ott oman ▁Tur ks ▁after ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁Mar j ▁D abi q ▁in ▁ 1 5 1 6 . ▁The ▁M aml uk - app oint ed ▁am ir ▁al - ʿ arab , ▁M ud lij ▁ibn ▁Z ah ir , ▁a ▁direct ▁desc endant ▁of ▁Hay ar , ▁was ▁kept ▁in ▁his ▁position ▁by ▁Ott oman ▁s ultan , ▁Sel im ▁I , ▁after ▁the ▁two ▁met ▁in ▁the ▁after math ▁of ▁Mar j ▁D abi q . ▁M ud lij ▁acted ▁as ▁a ▁law ▁unto ▁himself ▁and ▁fought ▁against ▁the ▁Ott oman ▁governor ▁of ▁Dam asc us , ▁Isa ▁P asha ▁al - F an ari , ▁in ▁ 1 5 3 0 . ▁M ud lij ▁remained ▁am ir ▁al - ʿ arab ▁until ▁his ▁death ▁in ▁ 1 5 3 8 . ▁He ▁was ▁succeeded ▁by ▁his ▁son ▁Z ah ir , ▁who ▁was ▁killed ▁som etime ▁later ▁by ▁his ▁k ins man ▁A hm ad