. ▁An - N as ir ▁Muhammad ▁granted ▁him ▁substantial ▁i q ta ʿ at ▁in ▁return ▁for ▁his ▁loyal ty ▁and ▁the ▁supply ▁of ▁noble ▁Arab ian ▁horses , ▁which ▁an - N as ir ▁Muhammad ▁was ▁particularly ▁fond ▁of . ▁An - N as ir ▁Muhammad ' s ▁lav ish ▁treatment ▁of ▁Mus a ▁and ▁his ▁family ▁significantly ▁emp ower ed ▁the ▁Al ▁F ad l ▁and ▁created ▁" ties ▁of ▁oblig ation " ▁that ▁" could ▁not ▁be ▁ignored ▁by ▁his ▁[ an - N as ir ▁Muhammad ' s ] ▁success ors ▁without ▁prov oking ▁a ▁Bed ou in ▁mut iny ", ▁according ▁to ▁historian ▁Am alia ▁Le van oni . ▁This ▁was ▁especially ▁so ▁as ▁central ▁government ▁control ▁over ▁Sy ria ▁increasing ly ▁dimin ished ▁during ▁the ▁power ▁vac u um ▁following ▁an - N as ir ▁Muhammad ' s ▁death . ▁R ival ry ▁over ▁the ▁im ar at ▁al - ʿ arab ▁between ▁the ▁descend ants ▁of ▁Mu h anna ▁and ▁F ad l ▁also ▁intens ified ▁during ▁this ▁period . ▁When ▁Isa ▁ibn ▁F ad l ▁was ▁made ▁am ir ▁al - ʿ arab ▁in ▁ 1 3 4 2 ▁and ▁was ▁transferred ▁the ▁Al ▁Mu h anna ' s ▁i q ta ʿ at , ▁the ▁Al ▁Mu h anna ▁respond ed ▁by ▁assault ing ▁F ad l ' s ▁off spring ▁and ▁pl und ering ▁car av ans ▁travel ing ▁the ▁roads ▁of ▁northern ▁Sy ria . ▁This ▁included ▁a ▁ra id ▁on