▁/ y /, ▁e . g . ▁the ▁word ▁for ▁salt ▁is ▁y um ▁in ▁Y ak k ha , ▁but ▁rum ▁in ▁P uma ▁( Cent ral ▁Kir anti ), ▁and ▁r ɨ m ▁in ▁D umi ▁( West ern ▁Kir anti ). ▁The ▁r hot ic ▁[ r ] ▁is ▁not ▁found ▁word - initial ly , ▁but ▁in ▁[ Cr ] ▁clusters ▁and ▁in ▁inter v ocal ic ▁position , ▁as ▁in ▁mak hr una ▁" black " ▁and ▁tar ok ma ▁" start ". ▁Several ▁morph oph on ological ▁processes ▁operate ▁in ▁Y ak k ha , ▁so ▁that ▁the ▁underlying ▁forms ▁are ▁not ▁easy ▁to ▁establish . ▁Many ▁of ▁these ▁ ▁processes ▁have ▁to ▁do ▁with ▁substitution ▁by ▁a ▁nas al , ▁e . g . ▁in ▁comp ound ▁ver bs ▁like ▁s unc ama ▁" itch ", ▁the ▁underlying ▁verb ▁st ems ▁are ▁/ s ut / ▁and ▁/ ca /. ▁To ▁take ▁an ▁example ▁from ▁inf lection , ▁the ▁verb ▁sap th ak ma ▁" like " ▁is ▁inf lect ed ▁sap tha ŋ m ec una ▁" they ▁( du al ) ▁like ▁him ". ▁Other ▁examples ▁of ▁morph oph on ological ▁processes ▁are ▁the ▁change ▁of ▁underlying ▁et - se ▁to ▁[ esse ] ▁( mean ing ▁" in ▁order ▁to ▁h unt ▁fish "). ▁Und ers pec ified ▁Nas al ▁prefix es ▁assim il ate ▁in ▁the ▁place ▁of ▁art ic ulation ▁to ▁the ▁stem - initial ▁con son ant , ▁e .