▁▁ ▁Edward ▁L . ▁Beach , ▁Jr ., ▁Sc ap ego ats : ▁A ▁Def ense ▁of ▁K imm el ▁and ▁Short ▁at ▁Pear l ▁Har bor ▁▁▁ ▁( Center ▁for ▁Str ateg ic ▁and ▁Bud get ary ▁Ass ess ments ) ▁contains ▁a ▁passage ▁regarding ▁the ▁Y arn ell ▁attack , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁reference ▁cit ations . ▁ ▁Ro berta ▁W ohl st etter , ▁Pear l ▁Har bor : ▁Warning ▁and ▁Dec ision , ▁( St an ford ▁University ▁Press : ▁ 1 9 6 2 ). ▁The ▁most ▁c ited ▁scholar ly ▁work ▁on ▁the ▁intelligence ▁failure ▁at ▁Pear l ▁Har bor . ▁Her ▁introduction ▁and ▁analysis ▁of ▁the ▁concept ▁of ▁" no ise " ▁pers ists ▁in ▁understanding ▁intelligence ▁fail ures . ▁ ▁Ro berta ▁W ohl st etter , ▁" C uba ▁and ▁Pear l ▁Har bor : ▁H inds ight ▁and ▁For es ight ." ▁Foreign ▁Affairs ▁ 4 3 . 4 ▁( 1 9 6 5 ): ▁ 6 9 1 – 7 0 7 . ▁▁ ▁John ▁Hugh es - Wil son , ▁Military ▁Int elligence ▁Bl und ers ▁and ▁Cover - U ps . ▁Robinson , ▁ 1 9 9 9 ▁( re vised ▁ 2 0 0 4 ). ▁Cont ains ▁a ▁brief ▁but ▁insight ful ▁chapter ▁on ▁the ▁particular ▁intelligence ▁fail ures , ▁and ▁bro ader ▁over view ▁of ▁what ▁causes ▁them . ▁ ▁Douglas ▁T . ▁Sh ins ato ▁and ▁T ad an ori ▁U ra be , ▁" For