- cell ▁condition ed ▁media . ▁In ▁v asc ular ▁smooth ▁mus cle ▁cells , ▁activation ▁is ▁responsible ▁for ▁ar ter ial ▁thick ening ▁in ▁al log raft s ▁through ▁over ▁pro l ifer ation . ▁A IF 1 ▁has ▁been ▁found ▁to ▁enh ance ▁growth ▁and ▁promote ▁pro l ifer ation ▁in ▁v asc ular ▁smooth ▁mus cle ▁cells ▁through ▁der eg ulation ▁of ▁the ▁cell ▁cycle . ▁It ▁does ▁this ▁by ▁short ening ▁the ▁cell ▁cycle ▁and ▁alter ing ▁the ▁expression ▁of ▁cycl ins . ▁Though ▁hist olog ically ▁different , ▁A IF 1 ▁has ▁also ▁been ▁shown ▁to ▁promote ▁the ▁pro l ifer ation ▁and ▁activation ▁of ▁end oth el ial ▁cells ▁( EC ). ▁EC ▁activation , ▁leads ▁to ▁pro l ifer ation ▁and ▁migration ▁of ▁cells , ▁which ▁is ▁involved ▁in ▁multiple ▁normal ▁v asc ular ▁processes , ▁such ▁as ▁a ther os cl eros is , ▁ang i ogen esis , ▁and ▁w ound ▁he aling . ▁It ▁is ▁currently ▁the or ized ▁that ▁A IF 1 ▁works ▁to ▁control ▁end oth el ial ▁cell ▁pro l ifer ation ▁and ▁migration ▁through ▁action ▁in ▁signal ▁trans du ction ▁path ways . ▁It ▁has ▁features ▁of ▁a ▁cy top las mic ▁signal ing ▁protein , ▁including ▁several ▁domains ▁that ▁allow ▁for ▁binding ▁to ▁multip rote in ▁complex es , ▁called ▁P D Z ▁domains . ▁In ▁end oth el ial ▁cells , ▁A IF 1 ▁has ▁been ▁specifically ▁shown ▁to ▁reg ulate ▁vas cul ogen esis , ▁including