oll us ks , ▁and ▁for amin if era . ▁It ▁is ▁usually ▁found ▁as ▁a ▁mon oh yd rate , ▁holding ▁the ▁chemical ▁formula ▁Ca CO 3 · H 2 O ; ▁however , ▁it ▁can ▁also ▁exist ▁in ▁a ▁de h yd r ated ▁state , ▁Ca CO 3 . ▁A CC ▁has ▁been ▁known ▁to ▁science ▁for ▁over ▁ 1 0 0 ▁years ▁when ▁a ▁non - diff raction ▁pattern ▁of ▁calci um ▁carbon ate ▁was ▁discovered ▁by ▁St ur cke ▁H erman , ▁exhib iting ▁its ▁poor ly - ordered ▁nature . ▁ ▁A CC ▁is ▁an ▁example ▁of ▁cry st all ization ▁by ▁particle ▁attachment ▁( CP A ), ▁where ▁cry st als ▁form ▁via ▁the ▁addition ▁of ▁particles ▁r anging ▁from ▁multi - ion ▁complex es ▁to ▁fully ▁formed ▁nan oc ry st als . ▁Research ▁of ▁such ▁systems ▁have ▁diverse ▁application ; ▁however , ▁the ▁current ▁lack ▁un ambigu ous ▁answers ▁to ▁fundamental ▁questions ▁( i . e . ▁sol ub ility ▁product , ▁inter fa cial ▁forces , ▁structure , ▁etc .) ▁causes ▁them ▁to ▁be ▁topics ▁of ▁study ▁in ▁fields ▁r anging ▁from ▁chem istry , ▁ge ology , ▁bi ology , ▁physics , ▁and ▁materials ▁science ▁engineering . ▁ ▁St ability ▁A CC ▁is ▁the ▁sixth ▁and ▁least ▁stable ▁polym orph ▁of ▁calci um ▁carbon ate . ▁The ▁remaining ▁five ▁polym orph s ▁( in ▁decre asing ▁stability ) ▁are : ▁cal cite , ▁a rag on ite , ▁v ater ite ,