▁is ▁that ▁to ▁be ▁flexible ▁and ▁handle ▁many ▁different ▁types ▁of ▁games ▁the ▁Exec ▁runs ▁less ▁efficiently ▁than ▁a ▁dedicated ▁program . ▁ ▁Int ell iv ision ▁games ▁that ▁le verage ▁the ▁Exec ▁run ▁at ▁a ▁ 2 0   Hz ▁frame ▁rate ▁instead ▁of ▁the ▁ 6 0   Hz ▁frame ▁rate ▁for ▁which ▁the ▁Int ell iv ision ▁was ▁designed . ▁ ▁Using ▁the ▁Exec ▁framework ▁is ▁optional , ▁but ▁almost ▁all ▁Int ell iv ision ▁games ▁released ▁by ▁Matt el ▁Electron ics ▁are ▁ 2 0   Hz . ▁ ▁The ▁limited ▁R OM ▁space ▁also ▁meant ▁there ▁was ▁no ▁room ▁for ▁computer ▁artificial ▁intelligence ▁and ▁many ▁early ▁games ▁required ▁two ▁players . ▁ ▁Initial ly , ▁all ▁Int ell iv ision ▁games ▁were ▁program med ▁by ▁an ▁outside ▁firm , ▁A Ph ▁Techn ological ▁Cons ult ing , ▁with ▁ 1 9 ▁cart rid ges ▁produced ▁before ▁Christmas ▁ 1 9 8 0 . ▁Once ▁the ▁Int ell iv ision ▁project ▁became ▁successful , ▁software ▁development ▁was ▁brought ▁in - house . ▁ ▁Matt el ▁formed ▁its ▁own ▁software ▁development ▁group ▁and ▁began ▁h iring ▁program mers . ▁ ▁The ▁original ▁five ▁members ▁of ▁that ▁Int ell iv ision ▁team ▁were ▁Mike ▁M ink off , ▁Rick ▁Lev ine , ▁John ▁So hl , ▁Don ▁D ag low , ▁and ▁manager ▁Gabriel ▁Ba um . ▁Lev ine ▁and ▁M ink off , ▁a ▁long - time ▁Matt el ▁To ys ▁veter an , ▁both ▁came ▁over ▁from ▁the ▁hand