▁consists ▁of ▁a ▁Her c yn ian ▁cr at onic ▁block ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁I ber ian ▁Mass if . ▁On ▁the ▁n ortheast , ▁this ▁is ▁bounded ▁by ▁the ▁Py rene an ▁fol d ▁bel t , ▁and ▁on ▁the ▁sout heast ▁it ▁is ▁bounded ▁by ▁the ▁Ba etic ▁System . ▁These ▁two fold ▁ch ains ▁are ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Al pine ▁bel t . ▁To ▁the ▁west , ▁the ▁pen ins ula ▁is ▁del im ited ▁by ▁the ▁contin ental ▁boundary ▁formed ▁by ▁the ▁mag ma - po or ▁opening ▁of ▁the ▁Atlantic ▁Ocean . ▁The ▁Her c yn ian ▁F old b elt ▁is ▁mostly ▁buried ▁by ▁Mes oz o ic ▁and ▁T ert i ary ▁cover ▁rocks ▁to ▁the ▁east , ▁but ▁never theless ▁out cro ps ▁through ▁the ▁S istema ▁Ib ér ico ▁and ▁the ▁Catal an ▁Mediter rane an ▁System . ▁ ▁Cl imate ▁ ▁The ▁I ber ian ▁pen ins ula ▁has ▁two ▁dominant ▁climate ▁types . ▁One ▁of ▁these ▁is ▁the ▁ocean ic ▁climate ▁seen ▁in ▁the ▁Atlantic ▁coast al ▁region ▁resulting ▁in ▁even ly ▁temper atures ▁with ▁relatively ▁cool ▁sum mers . ▁However , ▁most ▁of ▁Portugal ▁and ▁Spain ▁have ▁a ▁Mediter rane an ▁climate ▁with ▁various ▁precip itation ▁and ▁temper atures ▁depending ▁on ▁latitude ▁and ▁position ▁versus ▁the ▁sea . ▁There ▁are ▁also ▁more ▁local ized ▁semi - ar id ▁clim ates ▁in ▁central ▁Spain , ▁with ▁temper atures ▁res emb ling ▁a ▁more ▁contin ental ▁Mediter rane an ▁climate . ▁In ▁other