▁four ▁Turk men ▁em irs ▁of ▁K es er wan ▁are ▁known , ▁a ▁certain ▁Sa ' id , ▁who ▁was ▁em ir ▁in ▁ 1 3 6 1 , ▁his ▁brother ▁and ▁successor ▁' Is a , ▁and ▁Ali ▁ibn ▁al - A ' ma ▁and ▁his ▁brother ▁U mar ▁ibn ▁al - A ' ma . ▁The ▁latter ▁two ▁were ▁involved ▁in ▁the ▁M aml uk ▁re bell ion ▁led ▁by ▁Y al bug ha ▁an - N asi ri ▁of ▁Ale ppo ▁against ▁the ▁new ▁s ultan ▁Bar qu q ▁in ▁ 1 3 8 9 . ▁Ali ▁was ▁killed ▁when ▁Bar qu q ▁returned ▁to ▁power ▁and ▁sent ▁an ▁expedition ▁against ▁the ▁Tur km ens ▁of ▁K es er wan , ▁while ▁U mar ▁was ▁imprison ed ▁and ▁later ▁released . ▁After ward , ▁little ▁information ▁is ▁known ▁about ▁the ▁Turk men , ▁who ▁continued ▁to ▁hold ▁the ▁K es er wan ▁through ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁M aml uk ▁era ▁in ▁ 1 5 1 6 . ▁ ▁Ott oman ▁era ▁ ▁' Ass af ▁period ▁The ▁Ott oman ▁Empire ▁conquer ed ▁the ▁region ▁after ▁defe ating ▁the ▁Mam lu ks ▁in ▁ 1 5 1 6 . ▁The ▁Ott om ans ▁granted ▁the ▁' Ass af ▁cl an ▁control ▁over ▁K es er wan ▁in ▁addition ▁to ▁tax ▁far ms ▁in ▁the ▁surrounding ▁region . ▁Moreover , ▁the ▁' Ass af ▁became ▁the ▁dominant ▁political ▁power ▁in ▁the ▁Tri pol i ▁region . ▁In ▁ 1 5