▁greater ▁strength - development ▁in ▁contrast ▁to ▁H PC s ▁made ▁from ▁un tre ated ▁Port land ▁c ement . ▁Con crete ▁made ▁from ▁ordinary ▁Port land ▁c ement ▁without ▁add it ives ▁has ▁a ▁relatively ▁imp a ired ▁resistance ▁to ▁salt ▁waters . ▁ ▁Tre ating ▁Port land ▁c ement ▁with ▁the ▁E MC ▁activation ▁process ▁may ▁increase ▁the ▁strength ▁development ▁by ▁nearly ▁ 5 0 % ▁and ▁also ▁significantly ▁improve ▁the ▁dur ability , ▁as ▁measured ▁according ▁to ▁generally ▁accepted ▁methods . ▁ ▁Ener get ically ▁modified ▁c ements ▁also ▁exhib it ▁high ▁resist ances ▁to ▁ch lor ide ▁and ▁sul ph ate ▁ion ▁attack , ▁together ▁with ▁low ▁alk ali - sil ica ▁react iv ities ▁( AS R ). ▁Like ▁all ▁con cre tes ▁compr ising ▁po zz ol ans , ▁they ▁are ▁more ▁dur able ▁than ▁con cre tes ▁made ▁from ▁Port land ▁c ement . ▁ ▁Project s ▁using ▁E MC ▁An ▁early ▁project ▁using ▁E MC ▁made ▁from ▁fly ▁ash ▁was ▁the ▁construction ▁of ▁a ▁road ▁bridge ▁in ▁Kar ung i , ▁Sweden , ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 9 , ▁with ▁Swedish ▁construction ▁firm ▁Sk anska . ▁The ▁Kar ung i ▁road ▁bridge ▁has ▁with stood ▁Kar ung i ' s ▁har sh ▁sub ar ctic ▁climate ▁and ▁diver gent ▁annual ▁and ▁di urn al ▁temperature ▁ranges . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁ener get ically ▁modified ▁c ements ▁have ▁been ▁approved ▁for ▁usage ▁by ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁state ▁transport ation ▁ag encies ,