s ▁turn over ▁is ▁ 2 5 %. ▁This ▁is ▁derived ▁from , ▁( 9 / (( 4 0 + 3 3 )/ 2 )) ▁= ▁ 2 5 %. ▁However ▁the ▁above ▁formula ▁should ▁be ▁applied ▁with ▁ca ution ▁if ▁data ▁is ▁grouped . ▁For ▁example , ▁if ▁attr ition ▁rate ▁is ▁calculated ▁for ▁Emp loy ees ▁with ▁ten ure ▁ 1 ▁to ▁ 4 ▁years , ▁above ▁formula ▁may ▁result ▁artificial ly ▁infl ated ▁attr ition ▁rate ▁as ▁employees ▁with ▁ten ure ▁more ▁than ▁ 4 ▁years ▁are ▁not ▁counted ▁in ▁the ▁denomin ator . ▁ ▁More ▁precise ▁calculations ▁of ▁turn over ▁have ▁also ▁been ▁developed . ▁For ▁example , ▁instead ▁of ▁aver aging ▁the ▁head count s ▁from ▁the ▁beginning ▁of ▁the ▁year ▁and ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁year , ▁we ▁can ▁calculate ▁the ▁denomin ator ▁of ▁Labour ▁Turn over ▁by ▁aver aging ▁the ▁head count ▁from ▁each ▁day ▁of ▁the ▁year . ▁An ▁even ▁better ▁approach ▁is ▁to ▁avoid ▁the ▁several ▁issues ▁inher ent ▁to ▁traditional ▁labour ▁turn over ▁rates ▁by ▁employ ing ▁more ▁advanced ▁and ▁accurate ▁methods ▁( e . g ., ▁event ▁history ▁analysis , ▁realized ▁turn over ▁rates ). ▁ ▁Mod els ▁ ▁Over ▁the ▁years ▁there ▁have ▁been ▁thousands ▁of ▁research ▁articles ▁expl oring ▁the ▁various ▁aspects ▁of ▁turn over , ▁and ▁in ▁due ▁course ▁several ▁models ▁of ▁employee ▁turn over ▁have ▁been ▁prom ul g ated . ▁The ▁first ▁model , ▁and ▁by ▁far ▁the ▁one ▁att aining ▁most ▁attention ▁from ▁research ers ,