▁and ▁issued ▁a ▁char ter ▁to ▁the ▁Jews ▁and ▁a ▁dec ree ▁against ▁forced ▁bapt ism . ▁In ▁ 1 1 7 1 , ▁after ▁the ▁birth ▁of ▁R amb am , ▁Jews ▁were ▁accused ▁of ▁comm itting ▁rit ual ▁murder ▁and ▁blood ▁lib el ▁in ▁the ▁town ▁of ▁Blo is . ▁The ▁adult ▁Jews ▁of ▁the ▁city ▁were ▁arrested ▁and ▁most ▁were ▁executed ▁after ▁ref using ▁to ▁convert . ▁In ▁ 1 2 1 0 , ▁a ▁group ▁of ▁ 3 0 0 ▁French ▁and ▁English ▁rabb is ▁made ▁ali y ah ▁and ▁settled ▁in ▁Israel . ▁During ▁the ▁Black ▁Death , ▁the ▁cler ics ▁accused ▁Jews ▁of ▁poison ing ▁the ▁well s ▁of ▁Europe ▁to ▁kill ▁all ▁the ▁Christians . ▁ ▁Sic ut ▁Jud ae is ▁ ▁Sic ut ▁Jud ae is ▁( the ▁" Const itution ▁for ▁the ▁Jews ") ▁was ▁the ▁official ▁position ▁of ▁the ▁pap acy ▁regarding ▁Jews ▁throughout ▁the ▁Middle ▁A ges ▁and ▁later . ▁The ▁first ▁b ull ▁was ▁issued ▁in ▁about ▁ 1 1 2 0 ▁by ▁C ali xt us ▁II , ▁intended ▁to ▁protect ▁Jews ▁who ▁were ▁suffering ▁during ▁the ▁First ▁Cr us ade , ▁and ▁was ▁re aff ir med ▁by ▁many ▁pop es , ▁even ▁until ▁the ▁ 1 5 th ▁century . ▁The ▁bill ▁forb ade , ▁besides ▁other ▁things , ▁Christians ▁from ▁forcing ▁Jews ▁to ▁convert , ▁or ▁to ▁harm ▁them , ▁or ▁to ▁take ▁their ▁property , ▁or ▁to ▁disturb ▁the ▁celebr ation ▁of ▁their ▁festiv als ,