▁ging ival is ▁is ▁able ▁to ▁e va de ▁o pson oph ag oc yt osis ▁from ▁PM N ’ s ▁by ▁using ▁G ing ip ain ▁K ▁( K g p ) ▁to ▁cle ave ▁Ig G ▁ 1 ▁and ▁ 3 . ▁This ▁further ▁mod ul ates ▁imm une ▁response ▁by ▁imp air ing ▁signal ing . ▁Other ▁studies ▁have ▁found ▁that ▁P . ▁ging ival is ▁can ▁sub vert ▁the ▁complement ▁path way ▁through ▁C 5 α R ▁and ▁C 3 α R , ▁which ▁mod ul ates ▁the ▁killing ▁capacity ▁of ▁le uk ocy tes , ▁allowing ▁for ▁un control led ▁b acter ial ▁growth . ▁P . ▁ging ival is ▁was ▁also ▁found ▁to ▁in hib it ▁pro ▁infl am mat ory ▁and ▁ant im icro b ial ▁responses ▁in ▁human ▁mon ocy tes ▁and ▁mouse ▁macro ph ages ▁by ▁f imb rial ▁binding ▁to ▁C X CR 4 , ▁indu cing ▁PK A ▁signal ing ▁and ▁in hib iting ▁T LR - 2 - medi ated ▁imm une ▁response . ▁ ▁Once ▁in ▁the ▁host ▁cells , ▁P . ▁ging ival is ▁is ▁capable ▁of ▁in hib iting ▁apo pt osis ▁by ▁mod ulating ▁the ▁J AK / Stat ▁path way ▁that ▁controls ▁mit och ond rial ▁apo pt otic ▁path ways . ▁A ▁pro l ifer ative ▁phen ot ype ▁maybe ▁benef icial ▁to ▁the ▁b acter ium ▁as ▁it ▁provides ▁nut ri ents , ▁imp airs ▁host ▁cell ▁signal ing , ▁and ▁comprom ises ▁the