▁is ▁therefore ▁pr one ▁to ▁over exp lo itation . ▁ ▁The ▁parad ig m ▁of ▁the ▁tra ged y ▁of ▁the ▁comm ons ▁first ▁appeared ▁in ▁an ▁ 1 8 3 3 ▁pam ph let ▁by ▁English ▁econom ist ▁William ▁For ster ▁Lloyd . ▁According ▁to ▁Lloyd , ▁" If ▁a ▁person ▁puts ▁more ▁cattle ▁into ▁his ▁own ▁field , ▁the ▁amount ▁of ▁the ▁subs istence ▁which ▁they ▁consume ▁is ▁all ▁dedu cted ▁from ▁that ▁which ▁was ▁at ▁the ▁command , ▁of ▁his ▁original ▁stock ; ▁and ▁if , ▁before , ▁there ▁was ▁no ▁more ▁than ▁a ▁su ffic iency ▁of ▁past ure , ▁he ▁re aps ▁no ▁benefit ▁from ▁the ▁additional ▁cattle , ▁what ▁is ▁gained ▁in ▁one ▁way ▁being ▁lost ▁in ▁another . ▁But ▁if ▁he ▁puts ▁more ▁cattle ▁on ▁a ▁common , ▁the ▁food ▁which ▁they ▁consume ▁forms ▁a ▁dedu ction ▁which ▁is ▁shared ▁between ▁all ▁the ▁cattle , ▁as ▁well ▁that ▁of ▁others ▁as ▁his ▁own , ▁in ▁proportion ▁to ▁their ▁number , ▁and ▁only ▁a ▁small ▁part ▁of ▁it ▁is ▁taken ▁from ▁his ▁own ▁cattle ". ▁ ▁The ▁template ▁of ▁the ▁tra ged y ▁of ▁the ▁comm ons ▁can ▁be ▁used ▁to ▁understand ▁my ri ad ▁problems , ▁including ▁various ▁forms ▁of ▁resource ▁de ple tion . ▁For ▁example , ▁over f ishing ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 0 s ▁and ▁ 1 9 7 0 s ▁led ▁to ▁de ple tion ▁of ▁the ▁previously ▁abund ant ▁supply ▁of ▁Atlantic ▁C od . ▁By ▁ 1