▁to ▁Europe ans ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁time . ▁The ▁British ▁captured ▁Egypt ▁from ▁the ▁French ▁and ▁gained ▁the ▁Ros etta ▁Stone ▁in ▁ 1 8 0 1 , ▁the ▁Greek ▁script ▁of ▁which ▁was ▁translated ▁by ▁ 1 8 0 3 . ▁In ▁ 1 8 2 2 , ▁the ▁respective ▁Egypt ian ▁hier og lyph s ▁were ▁transl iter ated ▁by ▁Jean - Fran çois ▁Champ oll ion , ▁mark ing ▁the ▁beginning ▁of ▁modern ▁Egypt ology . ▁With ▁increasing ▁knowledge ▁of ▁Egypt ian ▁writing , ▁the ▁study ▁of ▁ancient ▁Egypt ▁was ▁able ▁to ▁proceed ▁with ▁greater ▁academic ▁rig our . ▁Champ oll ion , ▁Thomas ▁Young ▁and ▁I pp ol ito ▁Ros ell ini ▁were ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁Egypt olog ists ▁of ▁wide ▁acc laim . ▁The ▁German ▁Karl ▁Richard ▁Le ps ius ▁was ▁an ▁early ▁particip ant ▁in ▁the ▁investig ations ▁of ▁Egypt — mapping , ▁exc av ating ▁and ▁recording ▁several ▁sites . ▁ ▁English ▁Egypt ologist ▁Fl ind ers ▁Pet rie ▁( 1 8 5 3 – 1 9 4 2 ) ▁introduced ▁arch ae ological ▁techniques ▁of ▁field ▁pres ervation , ▁recording , ▁and ▁exc av ation ▁to ▁the ▁field . ▁Many ▁highly ▁educated ▁am ateurs ▁also ▁travel led ▁to ▁Egypt , ▁including ▁women ▁such ▁as ▁Har ri et ▁Mart ine au ▁and ▁Florence ▁Night ing ale . ▁Both ▁of ▁these ▁left ▁accounts ▁of ▁their ▁travel s , ▁which ▁revealed ▁learned ▁familiar ity ▁with ▁all ▁of ▁the ▁latest ▁European ▁Egypt ology . ▁Howard ▁Carter ' s