s ▁death . ▁He ▁was ▁an ▁Ald erman ▁of ▁New ▁York ▁( 3 rd ▁D .) ▁from ▁ 1 8 6 5 ▁to ▁ 1 8 7 0 . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁a ▁Democratic ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁State ▁Senate ▁( 5 th ▁D .) ▁from ▁ 1 8 6 8 ▁to ▁ 1 8 7 1 , ▁sitting ▁in ▁the ▁ 9 1 st , ▁ 9 2 nd , ▁ 9 3 rd ▁and ▁ 9 4 th ▁New ▁York ▁State ▁Legisl atures . ▁He ▁was ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Twe ed ▁Ring , ▁and ▁was ▁admitted ▁to ▁the ▁bar ▁without ▁studying ▁law . ▁During ▁his ▁second ▁sen atorial ▁term , ▁he ▁left ▁the ▁Ring ▁and ▁joined ▁the ▁Young ▁Dem ocracy ▁( an ▁Anti - T we ed ▁fa ction ▁of ▁Tam many ▁Hall . ▁He ▁was ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁State ▁Assembly ▁( New ▁York ▁Co ., ▁ 5 th ▁D .) ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 3 . ▁ ▁Later ▁he ▁joined ▁Ir ving ▁Hall ▁and ▁the ▁County ▁Dem ocracy , ▁both ▁Anti - T am many ▁organizations ▁affili ated ▁with ▁the ▁Democratic ▁Party . ▁He ▁was ▁Civil ▁Justice ▁of ▁the ▁First ▁District ▁from ▁ 1 8 8 2 ▁until ▁his ▁death . ▁ ▁S ources ▁ ▁The ▁New ▁York ▁Civil ▁List ▁compiled ▁by ▁Franklin ▁Benjamin ▁H ough , ▁Stephen ▁C . ▁H utch ins ▁and ▁Ed gar ▁Albert ▁Werner ▁( 1 8 7 0 ; ▁pg . ▁ 4 4 4 ) ▁ ▁Life ▁Sk