▁right ▁and ▁what ▁N olan ▁originally ▁named ▁popul ists ▁in ▁the ▁bottom . ▁ ▁Sp atial ▁model ▁ ▁The ▁spatial ▁model ▁of ▁voting ▁plots ▁vot ers ▁and ▁candidates ▁in ▁a ▁multi - dimensional ▁space ▁where ▁each ▁dimension ▁represents ▁a ▁single ▁political ▁issue ▁sub - component ▁of ▁an ▁issue , ▁or ▁candidate ▁attribute . ▁▁ ▁V ot ers ▁are ▁then ▁mode led ▁as ▁having ▁an ▁" ide al ▁point " ▁in ▁this ▁space ▁and ▁voting ▁for ▁the ▁nearest ▁candidates ▁to ▁that ▁point . ▁The ▁dimensions ▁of ▁this ▁model ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁assigned ▁to ▁non - polit ical ▁properties ▁of ▁the ▁candidates , ▁such ▁as ▁perce ived ▁cor ruption , ▁health , ▁etc . ▁ ▁Most ▁of ▁the ▁other ▁spect ra ▁in ▁this ▁article ▁can ▁then ▁be ▁considered ▁pro jections ▁of ▁this ▁multi - dimensional ▁space ▁onto ▁a ▁smaller ▁number ▁of ▁dimensions . ▁For ▁example , ▁a ▁study ▁of ▁German ▁vot ers ▁found ▁that ▁at ▁least ▁four ▁dimensions ▁were ▁required ▁to ▁ade qu ately ▁represent ▁all ▁political ▁parties . ▁ ▁Other ▁proposed ▁dimensions ▁▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 8 , ▁political ▁author ▁Virginia ▁Post rel , ▁in ▁her ▁book ▁The ▁Future ▁and ▁Its ▁En em ies , ▁offered ▁another ▁single - axis ▁spectrum ▁that ▁measures ▁views ▁of ▁the ▁future , ▁contrast ing ▁st as ists , ▁who ▁alleg edly ▁fear ▁the ▁future ▁and ▁wish ▁to ▁control ▁it , ▁and ▁dynam ists , ▁who ▁want ▁the ▁future ▁to ▁unfold ▁naturally ▁and ▁without ▁attempts ▁to ▁plan ▁and ▁control . ▁The ▁distinction ▁corresponds ▁to ▁the ▁u top