8 , 0 0 0 ▁hect ares ▁of ▁land ▁to ▁Uk ra ini ans . ▁As ▁a ▁result ▁of ▁such ▁policies , ▁despite ▁larger ▁Ukrain ian ▁family ▁sizes ▁the ▁percentage ▁of ▁the ▁population ▁who ▁were ▁eth nic ▁Pol es ▁grew ▁significantly , ▁to ▁over ▁ 2 5 % ▁by ▁ 1 9 1 0 . ▁ ▁Under ▁Aust rian ▁rule ▁L viv ▁became ▁a ▁leading ▁center ▁of ▁the ▁Polish ▁national ▁rev ival . ▁L viv ▁was ▁home ▁to ▁the ▁Polish ▁O ss oline um , ▁with ▁the ▁second ▁largest ▁collection ▁of ▁Polish ▁books ▁in ▁the ▁world , ▁the ▁Polish ▁Academy ▁of ▁Arts , ▁the ▁Polish ▁Historical ▁Society , ▁the ▁Polish ▁Theater ▁and ▁Polish ▁Arch di oc ese . ▁ ▁Pol es ▁in ▁Austria - H ung arian - ru led ▁Ukraine ▁generally ▁belonged ▁to ▁three ▁groups ▁polit ically : ▁Polish ▁conserv ative ▁land own ers ; ▁Polish ▁liberal ▁national ists ▁( the ▁National ▁Democr ats , ▁or ▁End eks ), ▁and ▁social ist ▁groups . ▁ ▁Of ▁these , ▁only ▁the ▁latter ▁group ▁co oper ated ▁with ▁Uk ra ini ans , ▁whereas ▁the ▁other ▁two ▁were ▁extremely ▁host ile ▁towards ▁Ukrain ian ▁political ▁or ▁cultural ▁asp ir ations . ▁ ▁Thus , ▁in ▁contrast ▁to ▁the ▁situation ▁in ▁Russian - ru led ▁Ukraine , ▁where ▁relations ▁between ▁Pol es ▁and ▁Uk ra ini ans ▁were ▁friendly ▁and ▁where ▁Pol es ▁were ▁often ▁active ▁in ▁the ▁Ukrain ian ▁national ▁movement , ▁in ▁Aust rian - ru led ▁Ukraine ▁relations ▁between ▁Pol es ▁and