▁" both ▁great ▁and ▁immediate ." ▁Mer ely ▁having ▁to ▁end ure ▁a ▁criminal ▁pro sec ution ▁is ▁no ▁such ▁irre par able ▁harm . ▁ ▁There ▁are ▁three ▁exceptions ▁to ▁Young er ▁ab st ention : ▁Where ▁the ▁pro sec ution ▁is ▁in ▁bad ▁faith ▁( i . e . ▁the ▁state ▁knows ▁the ▁person ▁to ▁be ▁innoc ent ) — as ▁applied ▁in ▁D omb row ski ▁v . ▁Pf ister ; ▁or ▁ ▁Where ▁the ▁pro sec ution ▁is ▁part ▁of ▁some ▁pattern ▁of ▁har ass ment ▁against ▁an ▁individual ; ▁or ▁Where ▁the ▁law ▁being ▁enfor ced ▁is ▁utter ly ▁and ▁irre de em ably ▁un const itution al ▁( e . g ., ▁if ▁the ▁state ▁were ▁to ▁pass ▁a ▁law ▁making ▁it ▁a ▁crime ▁to ▁say ▁anything ▁negative ▁about ▁its ▁governor ▁under ▁any ▁circumstances ). ▁ ▁Status ▁as ▁preced ent ▁The ▁doctrine ▁was ▁later ▁extended ▁to ▁situations ▁where ▁the ▁state ▁is ▁seeking ▁to ▁execute ▁a ▁civil ▁fine ▁against ▁someone , ▁or ▁has ▁ja iled ▁a ▁person ▁for ▁cont empt ▁of ▁court . ▁The ▁doctrine ▁applies ▁even ▁where ▁the ▁state ▁does ▁not ▁bring ▁an ▁action ▁until ▁after ▁the ▁person ▁has ▁file d ▁a ▁law suit ▁in ▁federal ▁court , ▁provided ▁that ▁the ▁federal ▁court ▁has ▁not ▁yet ▁taken ▁any ▁action ▁on ▁the ▁suit . ▁Moreover , ▁the ▁principle ▁of ▁ab st ention ▁applies ▁to ▁some ▁state ▁administrative ▁proceed ings . ▁ ▁In ▁regard ▁to ▁the ▁exceptions ▁which ▁the ▁Young er ▁Court ▁art ic ulated , ▁later ▁dec isions