▁to ▁recognize ▁members ▁of ▁its ▁own ▁species , ▁en abling ▁them ▁to ▁be ▁the ▁object ▁of ▁subsequent ▁behavior ▁patterns ▁such ▁as ▁m ating . ▁He ▁developed ▁a ▁theory ▁of ▁instinct ive ▁behavior ▁that ▁saw ▁behavior ▁patterns ▁as ▁largely ▁inn ate ▁but ▁triggered ▁through ▁environmental ▁stim uli , ▁for ▁example ▁the ▁ha w k / go ose ▁effect . ▁He ▁argued ▁that ▁animals ▁have ▁an ▁inner ▁drive ▁to ▁carry ▁out ▁instinct ive ▁behav iors , ▁and ▁that ▁if ▁they ▁do ▁not ▁encounter ▁the ▁right ▁stim ulus ▁they ▁will ▁eventually ▁eng age ▁in ▁the ▁behavior ▁with ▁an ▁in app ropri ate ▁stim ulus . ▁ ▁Lor enz ' s ▁approach ▁to ▁eth ology ▁derived ▁from ▁a ▁ske ptic ism ▁towards ▁the ▁studies ▁of ▁animal ▁behavior ▁done ▁in ▁labor atory ▁settings . ▁He ▁considered ▁that ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁understand ▁the ▁mechan isms ▁of ▁animal ▁behavior , ▁it ▁was ▁necessary ▁to ▁observe ▁their ▁full ▁range ▁of ▁behav iors ▁in ▁their ▁natural ▁context . ▁Lor enz ▁did ▁not ▁carry ▁out ▁much ▁traditional ▁field work ▁but ▁observed ▁animals ▁near ▁his ▁home . ▁His ▁method ▁involved ▁em path izing ▁with ▁animals , ▁often ▁using ▁anth rop omorph ization ▁to ▁imagine ▁their ▁mental ▁states . ▁He ▁believed ▁that ▁animals ▁were ▁capable ▁of ▁experien cing ▁many ▁of ▁the ▁same ▁emot ions ▁as ▁humans . ▁ ▁T in ber gen , ▁Lor enz ' s ▁friend ▁with ▁whom ▁he ▁con joint ly ▁received ▁the ▁Nobel ▁prize , ▁summar ized ▁Lor enz ' s ▁major ▁contribution ▁to ▁eth ology ▁as ▁making ▁behavior ▁a ▁topic