Bafata ubutegetsi bavuga ko bazanye demokarasi, bageze he bayizana?
Imyaka ibaye 57 ibihugu by'u Burundi n'u Rwanda bibonye ubwigenge, abagiye bajya ku butegetsi n'ababuriho ubu, bose babufata bavuga ko bazanye demokarasi. Ubu bageze he bayizana?
Muri iyo myaka yose, abantu benshi barapfuye abandi baricwa mu ntambara zitwa izo kugarura demokarasi mu Burundi no mu Rwanda. Tariki 15 y'ukwezi kwa cyenda, ku isi hose hizihizwa umunsi mpuzamahanga wo kuzirikana demokarasi. Demokarasi ni iki? Umuryango w'abibumbye (ONU) uvuga ko demokarasi ari yo ishingiro ry'amahoro, amajyambere n'uburenganzira bwa muntu birambye. Igatangwa n'ubutegetsi bwa rubanda. ONU ivuga ko demokarasi ishingiye ku guha abantu bose - nta vangura - ubwisanzure, uburenganzira bwabo n'urubuga rufunguye rwa politiki. Ivuga ko igerwaho mu bwumvikane buciye mu biganiro by'abahagarariye rubanda n'abafite ubutegetsi kugira ngo aba bafate imyanzuro rubanda ishaka kandi yagizemo uruhare. Ihagaze ite mu Burundi no mu Rwanda? Kuva mu 2006, buri mwaka ikigo The Economist Intelligence Unit gitangaza raporo yitwa Democracy Index, ni igipimo cy'uko domokarasi ihagaze mu bihugu 167 ku isi. Kuri 'Democracy Index 2018' yatangajwe muri uyu mwaka u Rwanda ruri ku mwanya wa 128 n'amanota 3/10, u Burundi ku wa 153 n'amanota 2/10. Iyi raporo itanga amanota ku 10 ku bipimo binyuranye ikoraho ubushakashatsi, birimo: Kubera ibi bipimo, 'Democracy index 2018' ishyira u Burundi n'u Rwanda mu cyiciro cya nyuma cy'ibihugu biyobowe n'igitugu. Rubanda batanga ayahe manota? Ku rubuga rwa Facebook rwa BBC Gahuza abantu barenga 200, Abarundi n'Abanyarwanda batanze ibitekerezo kuri demokarasi mu bihugu byabo, n'amanota ku 10. Ubutegetsi n'abahanga Filip Reyntjens, umwarimu n'umushakashatsi mu bya politiki umaze igihe akurikirana politiki y'aka karere, avuga ko mu Rwanda no mu Burundi demokarasi ihagaze nabi kubera ubutegetsi bw'igitugu. Agira ati: "Gufunga urubuga rwa politiki byarakomeje mu Burundi nyuma ya 2015, gucecekesha itangazamakuru, abatavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi barahunze..." "Ibi bisobanuye ko urebye nta biganiro mpaka bya politiki bigihari imbere mu gihugu, ariko nanone ibyo biganiro mu Burundi birahari ku kigero kiruta mu Rwanda". Bwana Reyntjens avuga ko ibi bihugu bifite ubutegetsi bw'igitugu, gusa ubwo mu Rwanda ngo bufite ibyo bwagezeho biboneka mu bukungu n'imibereho y'abaturage ugereranyije n'ubw'u Burundi. Perezida Nkurunziza w'u Burundi Nta mibare itangwa n'ubutegetsi bw'u Burundi ku bipimo bya demokarasi mu gihugu ariko ubutegetsi buvuga ko demokarasi yateye intambwe. Mu 2018, ishyaka CNDD-FDD ryemeje Perezida Pierre Nkurunziza nk'"imboneza ntayegayezwa" mu mugambwe, mu mpamvu zatanzwe harimo ko "yatsimbataje demokarasi". Mu kwezi gushize, Perezida Nkurunziza yibuka imyaka ine atorewe kuyobora u Burundi, yavuze ko mu byo yari yemereye Abarundi harimo "n'intwaro ibereye ishingiye kuri demokarasi". Yagize ati: "Turashimishwa n'intambwe tugezeko mu gushira mu ngiro ivyo twiyemeje igihe twashikirizwa aya mabanga. Iyo migambi yose ni igikorwa co guhozako, ariko si ivy'imbeshere twarakoze birashimwa". Mu Rwanda, muri raporo ya gatanu y'ibipimo by'imiyoborere mu Rwanda yitwa "Governance scorecard" yasohotse mu kwezi kwa 10 umwaka ushize, ibipimo byose bya demokarasi biri hejuru ya 80%. Perezida Kagame w'u Rwanda Umuryango w'abibumbye (ONU) uvuga ko henshi ku isi ibipimo bya demokarasi biri gusubira inyuma ku rugero ruteye ubwoba. ONU ivuga ko abaharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu, abatavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi n'itangazamakuru bagirirwa nabi ndetse hato na hato urugomo, kandi ko abagore bagihagarariwe ku rugero ruto. ONU ivuga ko uyu munsi mpuzamahanga wa demokarasi ugamije kwibutsa za leta kubahiriza uburenganzira bwose bw'abaturage no kubaha umwanya mu nzira zose za demokarasi.