Amatora ya 2020 muri America: Russia, China, Iran, vyipfuza ko ari nde atsinda ?
Ubwo Uburusiya bwoba bwipfuza ko "Amerika igumana ijunja ifise"? Ubushinwa bwoba bushigikiye Biden?
Ibi ni ibibazo abajejwe igendereza muri Amerika babandanya bibaza mu matora ategekanijwe mu kwa cumi na rimwe. Umutegetsi wo ku rwego rwo hejuru aragabisha ko hhari bihugu vya rutura bizokoresha "amayeri mu buryo bweruye n'ubwihishije" kugira ngo bazimagize abatora muri Amerika. Aha bakaba bavuga Uburusiya, Ubushinwa hamwe na Irani. Ariko rero, vyose ntivyofatwa kumwe kuko, nk'uko abajejwe igendereza muri Amerika bavyerekana, kimwe kimwe cose gifise intumbero n'ubushobozi cisangije. Eka n'ivyegeranyo ubwavyo biracariko birihwezwa - umwe mu nderetsi aherutse kuvuga ko yasabwe gutsinda ubwoba buterwa n'Uburusiya kuko bwatumye "umukuru w'igihugu abonwa nabi". None mu gihe hasigaye indwi zitatu ngo amatora abe, abatora muri Amerika bakeneye kumenya iki? UBURUSIYA Igendereza rivuga iki? Nta n'umwe atazi uruhara Uburusiya bwagize mu matora yo mu 2016 n'inyuma yayo. Mu majambo make, abajejwe igendereza muri Amerika bemeza ko Uburusiya bwivanze mu matora mu ntumbero yo gufahsa Donald Trump, bagafatira ku manama hagati y'abo bakorana n'abategetsi b'Uburusiya, ubusuma bwo ku mbuga ngurukanabumenyi bwakorewe Hillary Clinton n'abo mu mugambwe w'abaharanira Demokarasi, kwinjira mu bubiko nyabwonko bwerekana abatora, hamwe n'inguvu bwashize mu gukwiragiza ibinyoma canke amakuru yegamiye ku ruhande rumwe ku mbuga ngurukanabumenyi. Mu kwezi guheze, umurwi w'abakenguzamateka bo mu mugambwe w'Abarepubulika watanze ibindi vyemezo vyerekana ko Uburusiya bwashaka ko Trump ari we atsinda, bavuga ko imyiyamamazo yiwe yari yoroshe kwinjirwamwo n'abanyamahanga, ariko wirinda kuvuga ko hoba harabaye icaha. Igendereza ryerekana ko Uburusiya butigeze buhengeshanya kugerageza kwivanga muri politike ya Amerika, aha yari Putin (i bubamfu) na Trump (i buryo), muri Vietnam mu 2017 Uno mwaka wa 2020, uruhigi rwavuye kuri Hillary Clinton ruja kuri Joe Biden. Mu cegeranyo ciwe kikirindiriye gushirwa ahabona, umukuru w'ikigo kijejwe umutekano no kurwanya abasumyi b'urusaku (National Counterintelligence and Security Center, NCSC) William Evanina, avuga ko Uburusiya buriko "bukoresha amayeri atandukanye kugira bubanze bucuvye Biden yahoze ari icegera c'umukuru w'igihugu". Nayo kuvyo umukuru w'ikigo kijejwe igendereza muri Amerika, FBI, Christopher Wray, abona, Uburusiya ntibwigeze buhengeshanya kwivanga mu vya Amerika, akavuga ko ingene bwakoze mu matora y'abakenguzamateka mu 2018 bwariko "bugerageza amayeri butegekanya gukoresha mu 2020". Uburusiya bwamye bwamirira kure ivyo kwivanga mu matora y'ikindi gihugu. Mu ntango z'uno mwaka, umuvugizi w'ibiro vy'umukuru w'igihugu c'Uburusiya (Kremlin) yavuze ko ibi birego vy'ukwivanga mu matora "ari amajambo y'ubwoba" kandi ati "nta kuri kurimwo". Kuba rero Uburusiya bwoba bushaka canke budashaka ikindi kiringo ca Trump, hari abandi bihweza ibintu n'ibindi babona ko iki gihugu gifise intumbero nini cane yo gutesha umutwe ibihugu vy'abakeba mu gutera amadidane muri vyo. Akarorero muri uno mwaka, hari urwandiko rwashizwe ahabona n'umuryango w'ubumwe bw'ibihugu vya Bulaya rwavuga ko hari umugambi w'Uburusiya wo gukwiragiza amakuru y'ibinyoma ku bijanye na coronavirus kugira ngo uyu muryango unanirwe no kumenyesha ingene wariko urahangana nayo. Uburusiya bwavuze ko aya makuru ata shingiro yari afise. Abahiganwa bavuga iki? Joe Biden aherutse kugabisha ko "ibintu bitazokwijana" mu gihe Uburusiya bwobandanya bwivanga mu bibazo vya Amerika, aho yise Uburusiya ko ari "umukeba" wa Amerika. Perezida Trump yamye afata minenenrwe ivyo Uburusiya bwagirizwa bijanye no kwivanga mu matora, ivyo atumvikanyeko n'abiwe bajejwe igendereza. Inyuma y'umubonano na Vladimir Putin mu 2018, abajijwe nimba yizera abajejwe igendereza ba Amerika canke umukuru w'igihugu c'Uburusiya kuri ibi birego, Trump yishuye ati: "Perezida Putin avuga ko atari Uburusiya. Simbona igituma na kimwe bwoba bwo". Mu nyuma yahavuye yigarura avuga ko yavuze nabi. UBUSHINWA Abajejwe igendereza bavuga iki? Abategetsi bakuru mu butegetsi bwa Trump bavuga ko uno mwaka Ubushinwa ari bwo buteye ikibazo, ko atari Uburusiya. Umushikirizamanza mukuru wa Repubulika, William Barr , yavuze ati: "Narabonye ivyavuye mw'igendereza. Uko niko nabibonye". Umukuru w'umurwi ujejwe igendereza mu nama nshingamateka, umu democrate Adam Schiff, yaragije Barr ko ivyo yavuze ari "ikinyoma ceruye". Mu cegeranyo ciwe, Bwana Evanina yavuze ko abajejwe igendereza muri Amerika babona ko "Ubushinwa bushaka ko Perezida Trump - uyo iki gihugu kibona ko adatomoye - atosubira gutorwa". Xi Jinping w'Ubushinwa. Ubutegetsi bwa Trump buvuga ko Ubushinwa ari bwo buteye ikibazo mu matora ya Amerika Ati: "Ubushinwa buriko buriko bwongereza inguvu mu guhindura politike ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, mu gutera igitsure abanyapolitike bubona ko barwanya inyungu z'Ubushinwa, no mu kurwanya ivyiyumviro binegura Ubushinwa". N'aho Ubushinwa bwahinyanyuye amayeri yo kwinjira mu banyapolitike, cane cane iciye ku buhinga bwa none bwo guhererekanya amakuru, ntibiboneka neza aho bwiteguye gushika. Ariko Bwana Evanina avuga ati: "Ubushinwa bubandanya bwihweza ingaruka n'inyungu bushobora kuvana mu vyo buriko burakora". Kumbure hari naho bwoba buriko burarondera kugira ikibanza gikomeye kw'isi. Facebook iherutse kwugara amakonte ngurukanabumenyi yari afitaniye isano n'Ubushinwa, amenshi muri yo akaba yari ashigikiye iki gihugu. Ubushinwa burahakana ko butivanga mu biraba 'ubuzima bw'ibindi bihugu', bukavuga ko "atavyo bushaka kandi ata n'inyungu bubibonamwo". Abahiganwa bavuga iki? Muri uku kwezi, Perezida Trump yarashize ku rubuga rwiwe rwa Twitter inkuru yanditswe n'ikinyamakuru co ku rubuga ngurukanabumenyi, Breitbart, cegamiye Trump, inkuru yavuga ko "Ubushinwa busa n'ubushigikiye Joe Biden mu matora y'umukuru w'igihugu". Afatiye ku muhungu wa Joe Biden, Hunter, Trump yanditse ati: "Nivyo nyene, bashaka Biden. Nafashe amamiliyaridi y'amadorari yari mu Bushinwa ndayagarukana mu gihugu, ndayaha abarimyi bacu n'ikigega ca Amerika. Ubushinwa burashaka kwifatira Amerika mu gihe Biden na Hunter bohashika". Imigenderanire hagati ya Amerika n'Ubushinwa iri hasi cane kubera impari muri vyose, kuva kuri coronavirus gushika kw'itegeko rijanye n'umutekano Ubushinwa bwahaye Hong Kong ku nguvu. Joe Biden abandanya agerageza kurwanya ivyo yagirizwa na Perezida Trump ko yorohereza Ubushinwa, akemerera abanyagihugu ko "azokara" ku bijanye n'agateka ka zina muntu n'ibindi bibazo. Hagati aho, abo mu mugambwe w'abaharanira Demokarasi babona ko Uburusiya ari bwo bubangamye iyo hageze amatora. Ni ikihe gihugu Amerika itinya gusumba? Bivana n'uwo ubajije Umwihwezo ukorwa na Gordon Corera, Umunyamakuru w'umuhinga muvyo umutekano Mu 2016, leta ya Amerika, co kimwe n'amakompanyi y'imbuga hwaniro, ntiyihutiye kurwanya ukwivanga kw'Uburusiya mu matora. Muri kino gihe, nta n'umwe atavuga, ariko gusa ibintu vyarahindutse. Amakompanyi aravuga cane ivyo ariko arakora hanyuma n'igisata kijejwe igendereza naco kikama gishira ahabona ivyegeranyo vyaco. Ariko rero ikibazo cahawe intumbero ya politike. Aba Democrates barajwe ishinga n'ingene Uburusiya buriko bwivanga muri aya matora bushaka gufasha Perezida Trump ngo asubire gutorwa, mu gihe abamushigikiye nabo ahubwo barajwe ishinga n'ingene Ubushinwa buriko burakora kugira ngo ntasubire gutorwa. Abajejwe umutekano w'igihugu bagerageza kwiyubara - baremera ko ibi ariko bimeze, ariko bakirinda kwerekana itandukaniro rihari kubera bafise amakenga ko hoca haduka impari zishingiye ku vyiyumviro vya politike. Ukwivanga kw'Uburusiya kuraboneka ko kwateguwe neza kandi mu buryo bwihishije gushika ubu, ariko atari ku rugero rumwe canke mu buryo bishobora kugira ingaruka nk'izo mu 2016 igihe binjira bakiba ama emails y'aba Democrates. Eka n'amayeri abashaka kwivanga muri ano matora bakoresha yarateye imbere, mu gukorera cane cane ku makuru nyayo ya Amerika, hagukoresha amakuru y'ibinyoma. Hanyuma kandi hari ubwoba ko hashobora no kwaduka n'ibindi bikomeye mu minsi ya nyuma y'imyiyamamazo harimwo mbere n'ukugerageza gutesha agaciro ibizova muri ayo matora yo nyene ubwayo. IRAN Abajejwe igendereza bavuga iki? Mw'itangazo ryiwe, Bwana Evanina avuga ko Tehran (umugwa mukuru wa Irani) idakeneye kubona Perezida Trump atwara ikindi kiringo, ikabona ko "ari igitsure ca Amerika kizobandanya kuri Irani mu kurondera guhindura ubutegetsi". Avuga ko Irani izoshira inguvu zayo zose "ku mbuga ngurukanabumenyi, nko mu gukwiragiza ibinyoma ku mbuga hwaniro be no gukwiragiza amakuru arwanya Amerika". Mu gushimangira ivyashikirijwe n'inzego zijejwe igendereza za Amerika, uruganda ruhingura inyabwonko Microsoft ruvuga ko abasuma bakoresha inyabwonko (pirates informatiques) bafitaniye imigenderanire n'Uburusiya, Ubushinwa na Irani, bariko baragerageza kuneka abantu bakomeye bafise uruhara mu matora ya Amerika. Kuri Irani, Microsoft ivuga ko hari ishirahamwe ryo muri Irani nyene ryitwa Phosphorus ryagerageje kwinjira mu ma konte y'abategetsi bo muri Maison Blanche/White House (ibiro vy'umukuru w'igihugu muri Amerika) hamwe n'abajejwe imyiyamamazo ya Trump hagati y'ukwa gatanu n'ukwa gatandatu uno mwaka, ariko bibata kuw'amazi. Iran, umukuru wayo Hassan Rouhani akaba ari we ari kuri iyi sanamu, irahakana ko ata ruhande na rumwe yegamiye mu matora ya Amerika Umuvugizi w'ubushikiranganji bw'imigenderanire wa Irani yavuze ko ibivugwa na Microsoft ari "ibiterasoni". Saeed Khatibzadeh ati: "Ntabwo Irani irajwe ishinga n'uwo ari we wese azotsinda amatora y'umukuru w'igihugu". Hari icegeranyo kivuga ku bijanye n'uruhara rwa Irani mu ntango z'uno mwaka casohowe n'ishirahamwe ryo muri Amerika Atlantic Council kivuga ko Irani irajwe ishinga n'ugukomeza izina ryayo mu makungu, mu kurondera kuba ari yo iri hejuru mu karere iherereyemwo. Abahiganwa bavuga iki? Irani ntivugwa cane mu matora ya Amerika nk'Uburusiya n'Ubushinwa. Perezida Trump yabandanije atera igitsure gikomeye cane Irani, mu kwivumbura muri ya masezerano yerekeye umugambi wa Irani wo kwimbura ubutare bw'ubumara (Accord nucléaire) hamwe no mu gutanga uruhusha rwo kwica wa mu Jenerali yari akomeye cane Qasem Soleimani. Joe Biden avuga ko iyi politike yananiwe. Mu kiganiro na CNN, yavuze ko "hariho inzira nziza yo gu`tera igitsure Irani", yemera ko azohagarika "ibikorwa bibi" vy'iki gihugu ariko kandi ashire imbere "inzira y'ibiganiro".