Agateka k'abagenda ubumuga
Kugwanira agateka k'abagendena ubumuga ni igikorwa gikomeye muri Africa. Ishami rya ONU ryitaho amagara y'abantu rigereranya ko nibura miliyoni 81.2 ku mugabane wose bafise ubumuga butandukanye.
Kenneth Habaalu pictured left Ariko abagwanira agateka basanzwe, abo muri za kaminuza n'abanyatugenegene bariko baratora uburyo bwo guteza ugushikira ivya nkenerwa ku bagendana ubumuga ku rugero rw'ibihugu n'urwamakungu. Kuva ku gitabo co gufasha bene abo bantu muri Ethiopia gushika ku makinga y'abagendana ubumuga b'ahantu hagoye igenda mu gihugu hagati, hari uburorero bwinshi bwo kwiyumvira no kwubahuka. BBC Africa yavuganye na munani muri abo bariko barahindura ibintu-kugira imenye ico bakora n'aho bakuye ivyo vyiyumviro vyo guhindura ibintu. . NIGERIA: uwuharana mu kuririmba Mu 2002, Grace Jerry yari mu nzira ataha i muhira avuye gutegura indirimbo muri chorale igihe yagongwa n'umushoferi aborewe akahakura ubumuga bw'amaguru. Inyuma y'iryo sanganya avuga ko umuziki waciye ufata iyindi ntera. ''ubu birenze gufata micro, ubu niwo si yanje, nico kiraro canje, niryo jwi ryanje''. Mu mwaka uheze, niwe yamenyesheje ko prezida Obama ashitse mu nama y'abarongozi b'abanyafirca bakiri bato yitiriwe Mandela i Washington muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe Za Amerika. Yibuka ati ''nahatswe kurira igihe yashika akansanga aho abashikiriza amajambo bahagagara hanyuma akavuga ibintu vyiza cane kuri jewe no ku gikorwa turiko turarangura muri Nigeria tubicishije mw'ishirahamwe Inclusive Friends'' Narenze uko benshi babona abagendana ubumuga maze mba impirimbanyi iharanira ko abantu bose bafatwa kimwe no gusaba ko habaho impinduka mu mategeko yacu muri Nigeria. ETHIOPIA: igitabo kiyobora Haraheze imyaka ine, ikigo c'abagendana ubumuga n'iterambere muri Ethiopa cisohoye igitabo Guide to Accessible Addis Ababa (Inzira yo gushika muri Addis Ababa) cerekana uburyo bwo gushika mu mahoteli atandukanye, inyubakwa za leta, amazu y'uburiro n'ibibanza vyuguririwe bose. Umuyobozi w'uwo mugambi Retta Getachew avuga ati ''aho tuboneye ko vyafasha cane ingenzi n'abanyagihugu bo ngaha bagendana ubumuga, twavuze tuti 'ok dutegerezwa kwagura uyu mugambi'' ''ubu dufise ibitabo bitandatu n'ikindi kirimwo vyose mu gitabo kimwe, arinaco gitabo kiyobora ingene umuntu ashika muri Ethiopia''. Twasanze henshi mu buzi bwa leta no mu nzego zitandukanye mu bisagara byose 12 twakoreyemo harimo na Addis Ababa, abagendana ubumuga badashobora kuhashika. Africa y'Epfo: umuhanzi yabaye umuhinga mu vyo kwa muganga. Igihe umukobwa wiwe yavukana ubumuga, Shona McDonald avuga ko abakozi bo kwa muganga bamubwiye bati: ''genda umushire mu nzu, hanyuma uvyare uwundi mwana maze ubuzima bubandanye'-ko ata kintu na kimwe cari gushobora kumwongerereza agaciro. Akababaro n'ishavu nivyo vyatumye mfata ingingo yo kubereka ko bihenda''. Akoresha ubushinga bwiwe bwo gusarura, yaciye atangura gutunganya ibikoresho vyo gufasha kwiyunguruza no guhagarara-afashijwe n'igisata c'ubuhinga mu vyigwa vy'ingingo z'umubiri bijanye n'ivyo kwa muganga ca kaminuza ya Capetown. Ubu uruganda rwiwe, Shonaquip rurahingura ibintu vyose kuva ku ntebe z'abagendana ubumuga gushika ku bifasha umuntu guhagarara, vyoroshe guterateranya, bihabwa uwubikeneye kandi bigakurikiranwa n'abavuzi n'abahinga muri Africa yose. LESOTHO: Umwamikazi w'ubwiza bw'urundi rugero MU mwaka uheze, Tlhokomelo Elena Sabole yatewe iteka ryo kuba Miss Deaf Africa 2015 (Miss atumva wo muri Africa mu 2015). Avuga ko yabaye indoto ihindutse ukuri. ''gutsindira ico kibanza vyari igitangaza. Sinari bwigere nezerwa kugeza aho''. Avuga ko gukurira muri Lesotho ku muntu atumva bitoroshe .Ariko yizigiye guhindura ingene abantu babona canke bafata abatumva, kandi akaba ashaka ko amayira yo gushikira inkuru yokwugururwa-biciye nko mu rurimi rw'ibimenyetso kuri television n'ivyigwa hakoreshejwe ibimenyetso mu mashure. Avuga ati ''indoto yanje n'ukugira ivyo nikorera jewe nyene, nk'akarorero ikibanza nosangiriramwo n'abandi ubumenyi mfise kandi ngakorana n'abandi bakobwa batumva'' ZAMBIA: gufasha umuntu kwiyunguruza ku buryo buke Igihe Kenneth Habaalu yinjira mw'ishirahamwe APTERS, ntivyaborohera kumenya ahari abana bagendana ubumuga mu kibano. Asigura ati ''abantu ntibashaka ko abandi bamenya ko bafise umwana agendana ubumuga i muhira. Umuvyeyi umwe yambwiye ko asigaye aryamitse umwana wiwe iyo agiye kw'isoko''. Avuga ati kugira ndamufashe kwicara 'nimba akanogo hanze y'inzu nkamwicarikamwo'. N'aho ngo ashaka ko ahagarara, yabohera uwo mwana ku giti. Nibaza ko atari ubuntu kugira ivyo bintu''. Ku buryo bubayabaye, APTERS igizwe n'abantu 8(bose bagendana ubumuga) bakoresha impapuro zamaze gukora n'imbaho z'ububati kugira bakore intebe za ''papier maché'', ivyishimikizo vyo guhagarara no kugenda,hamwe n'ibifasha mu kugorora ingingo. UGANDA: Uruganda rwo gukora braille. Victor Locoro yakoze imyaka 20 nk'umwigisha mu gisata c'ivyankenerwa bidasanzwe n'ukugorora kuri kaminuza ya Kyambogo yo muri Uganda. Uretse gutanga ivyigwa bijanye n'ukugurora n'ubumuga mu kibano, ico gisata gifise uruganda rwaco rwo gukora braille (ibitabo vy'impumyi basomesha intoke). ''muri iki gihe rurahagaze kuko imwe mu mashini ikeneye gusubirizwa ivyuma''. Bivugwa na Locoro, umugabo yahumye afise imyaka 10. ''ariko turashoboye gukora ibitabo bike bike vy'abanyeshure, kandi tukaba turiko turarondera gusubiriza iyo mashini kugira dusubire gukora ibitabo ku rugero nk'urwo twahorako. Aho harimwo gukora ibitabo vyanditswe muri Braille vy'amashure mato mato n'ayisumbuye;ubushikiranganji bw'indero, ubuhanga n'ubuhinga hamwe n'inkino; hatibagiwe amashirahamwe adaharanira inyungu za politike''. Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika: Agakinisho gakoreshwa n'inguvu z'ubwonko. Hagati yo kwigira impamyabushobozi ya Masters mu vy'ubuhinga bw'umuyagankuba kuri kaminuza ya Colombia, Kay Igwe yagumye ariko arategura agakinisho ko kuri ordinateur gakoreshwa n'imipfunda y'ubwonko. Avuga ati ''abantu benshi ubu bariko barashira uburyo bwinshi mu muco w'udukinisho, ariko iyo umuntu afise ingorane zifatiye ku dutsi nsozabwenge zituma adashobora gukoresha na kimwe mu maboko yiwe canke amaguru canke guhindukiza amaso-canke mu gihe bagize isanganya ry'ubwonko canke ikintu catumye tudarara -ntibashobora gukoresha agakinisho nk'uko umuntu asanzwe abishobora'' Inyishu yiwe? Gukoresha icuma cumva ibimenyetso biva ku bwonko (electroencephalogram canke EEG) kugira bafatanye ubwonko n'agakinisho gakorana na ordinateur maze umuntu agaca ashobora gukina akoresheje imipfunda y'ubwonko. AFRICA Y'EPFO: Umukinyi wa Rugby atumva Mu kwezi kw'icenda mu 2007, Tim Stones yabaye umwe mu bashinze Ishirahamwe rya Rugby ry'Abatumva muri Africa y'Epfo (SADRU). Ariko hari ingorane , iryo shirahamwe ntiryari mw'ishirahamwe rya Rugby rya Africa y'Epfo-gutyo rikaba ritari rizwi muri Rugby kw'isi. Ivyo vyarahindutse mu 2014,mu kwezi kwa munani gukurikira SADRU yaripimye ubwa mbere mu rugero rwa Rugby rw'abatumva, ubwa mbere vyari bibereye muri Africa y'Epfo-mu gukina n'abari bafise igikombe c'isi muri Rugby y'abatumva bo muri Pays de Galles(Wales). Ubu iryo shirahamwe rifise abakinyi batumva 90. Stones ati ''ariko ibitigiri vyacu biguma vyiyongera, na cane cane ko turiko turashinga amashirahamwe yo mu ntara imwe imwe yose yo muri Africa y'Epfo ''. SADRU irakorana kandi n'abahinga mu vyo kwumva kugira bafashe mu kurondera mu mashure n'imigwi abashobora kuba abakinyi-no kumenya aboba bafise ingorane zo kwumva zitari bwamenbyekane.