Escobares, igisagara ca mbere gikenye mu gihugu ca Amerika ca mbere gitunze kw'isi
Igisagara ca Escobares kiri iyo catawe mu ntara ya Texas muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, nico ca mbere gikenye mu gihugu ca Amerika n'aho ari co gihugu ca mbere gitunze cane kw'isi.
Ibice 62.4% vy'abanyagihugu ba Escobares mu ntara ya Texas, baba munsi y'umurongo w'ubukene, nkuko biri muri rusansuma yakozwe Ico gisagara kiri ku nkengera z'uruzi Rio Grande - urubibe rutandukanya igihugu ca Mexique na Amerika - nticigeze gishigwa ku rutonde rw'ibisagara bikenye muri Amerika kubera ko gifise abanyagihugu bake ( 2512), kubera kandi ko gifatwa nka gito cane bigatuma kidaharugwa iyo hageze rusansuma. Ariko iyo umuntu aravye ibisagara vya Amerika bifise nimiburiburi abanyagihugu 1000, Escobares ifise ibice 62,4 % vy'abanyagihugu bari munsi y'umurongo w'ubukene ku matohoza yakozwe n'ikigo kijejwe rusansuma, Census Bureau. "Hari igihe tubura ico dufungura, ariko Imana iranfasha incuti zikantumira gufungura, ariko sindabikunda," ni ibivugwa na Debora Hernández, umunyagihugu wo muri Amerika, yavutse yongera akurira mu gace katabamwo abungere (cowboys), katabamwo ibitungwa bisanzwe bifasha abanyagihugu kwikenura. Nta congereza avuga kandi ntazi no gusoma. Débora Hernández, umunyamerikakazi yavukiye i Escobares avuga ati: "Hari igihe tubura ico dufungura," "Nari mfise abana indwi, batandatu barapfuye. Ndacafise Berenice, ku bw'Imana muganga yaramurokoye." None abana bawe bishwe n'iki? Avuga yitonze asa n'uwutanyuzwe yishuye ati: "Sinzi, sinigeze mbwigwa icabishe, nta n'inkaratasi bampaye, nibaza ko bishwe n'abaganga." Ntavyo azi. Mu vyukuri ntazi ingene vyagenze. Bashobora kuba bishwe n'ingwara ituruka ku koko, canke ugusamara kwiwe. Ntavyo azi kandi ashobora no kutazigera abimenya kuberako atabitegera. Igihe yarakiri muto, yarajanywe kw'ishuli ry'abana bafise ingorane, araheza amashuli y'intango, ariko avuga ko ata kintu kinini yize. Benshi mu banyagihugu baba i Escobares bafise amamuko yo mu gihugu ca Espagne Mu bisanzwe Débora ntazi neza ingene ivyo kw'isi bizunguruka. Abana n'umugabo adafise akazi kuva mu kwezi kwa cumi, hamwe n'umukobwa wiwe w'imyaka itatu, Berenice. Inzu babamwo irava iyo imvura iguye, indani ubona ibintu bidapanze neza, ariko akizera ko hazogira umunsi ibintu bigahinduka. "Dutegerezwa kuva muri bino ... ahandi ho ntituzoronka ico dufungura." Uretse ivyashara bikoregwa kw'ibarabara rikuru rya 83 (rifatanya Laredo na Harlingen, mu kiyaya ca Rio Grande), nta kandi kazi gashobora kuboneka i Escobares. Biba ngombwa ko abanyagihugu baja kurondera akazi mu bindi bisagara. Uwitwa Homero Rosales agira ati: "Kuri twe dufise inkaratasi, tuja kurondera akazi mu buraruko." Abanyagihugu benshi nka Homero Rosales baja gukorera hanze Abandanya ati: "Ikibi nuko uca uta umuryango ukwezi, abiri canke atatu, ariko bitegerezwa kumera ukwo, dutegerezwa kugenda ... ahandi ho ntitwofungura. Homero afise abana bane, agakora mu gisagara ca Pecos, ku masaha icenda uvuye i Escobares, aho bubaka ibigega vy'ibitoro mu burengero bwa Texas. "Nta wukija kw'ishuli, umuhungu wanje w'imfura turakorana kubera ko ataho yokora hano." Ikarata yerekana aho igisagara ca Escobares kiri Abataja gukora mu bigega vy'ibitoro canke ngo baronke akazi mu bisagara biri hafi, babeshejweho n'uburyo bwa leta kugira ngo baronke ico bafungura. Abandi bakora amezi make, munyuma bagahabwa amahera avuye mu bwishingizi bafashe. Abandi nta nico babivugako. Umwumwe wese agerageza kwigwanako, mu gace usanga ata n'uburyo bwo kwunguruza abantu buhari, ibitaro n'ubundi buzi bwa ngombwa, ku birometero ibihumbi uvuye Wall Street kandi mukoresha idarapo rimwe. Muri Amerika hari imanga nini hagati y'abakene n'abatunze, ibitigiri bitangwa na leta bikavuga ko ibice 12.3% arivyo bigizwe n'abantu bakenye bashika ku miliyoni 40. Ibice 12.3% vy'abanyagihugu ba Amerika bashika imiliyoni 40 baba munsi y'umurongo w'ubukene Mu kiganiro umushakashatsi Rakesh Kochhar yagiranye na BBC yavuze ati: "Abantu benshi bakenye bagwiriranye mu bumanuko bw'igihugu." Ama leta akenye kurusha ayandi ni Mississippi, Louisiana na New Mexico, mu gihe, "abantu bafise amamuko yo muri Espagne hamwe n'abirabure aribo benshi bari mu bakenye," nkuko vyabandanijwe bivugwa na Kochhar. "Ubu turafise imodoka ya kizimyamwoto" Mu myaka 13 irangiye igisagara ca Escobares nticabaho. Mu 2005 niho hashingwa itegeko ko kibaye igisagara, mu gihe imbere yaho abantu bo muri Escobares ata karere na kamwe bakukira ku bijanye n'intwaro. Wovuze ko "ari ubutaka butagira nyenebwo". Ariko kuva igihe abantu bahaba bumviye ko igisagara ca Roma kibanyi kiriko kirondera kwiyomekako Escobares, ibintu vyaciye bihinduka. Igihe babonye ko ataco bazunguka muri uwo mugambi w'abo babanyi, baciye bahagurukira ico kibazo. Escobares cabaye igisagara mu 2005, abanyagihugu babo bagiye hamwe bagasaba ukwikukira ku bijanye n'intwaro "Kubera iki tutogira igisagara cacu?", ukwo nikwo bibaza. Ivyo nivyo bahavuye bakora. Barashushanije ku rukaratasi imbibe z'ico gisagara, barondera kumenya ingene igisagara gitangura. Baridogeye abo babanyi, munyuma batunganya amatora yo kurondera umukuru w'igisagara ca Escobares: Noel Escobar aba ariwe atogwa. "Bitewe nuko twaronse igisagara, ubu turafise ikamyo ya kizimyamwoto, abapolisi batanu n'ikamyo imwe iseha umucafu," nkuko bishikirizwa n'umukuru w'igisagara. Noel Escobar niwe mukuru w'igisagara wa mbere w'igisagara ca Escobares "Twararonse amahera duhawe n'ubutegetsi bw'igihugu cose hamwe n'ideni ngo dukore amabarabara n'imiserege." "Twaronse ivyo vyose ku nguvu zacu," niko uwo mugabo w'imyaka 83 bita "El Mayor" avuga. Mu gisagara ca Escobares havugwa ururimi rw'iki Espagnol, abantu baho bakunze gufungura indya zitwa tacos, bagakunda umuzika witwa ranchera. Wokwibaza ko ari agace ka Mexique kari muri Amerika, aho urubibe rutandukanya ivyo bihugu bibiri ari uruzi, Rio Grande. Escobares iri ku nkengera y'urwo ruzi. Rio Grande ni uruzi rugabura Mexique na Amerika Ku nkengera z'urwo ruzi uhabona imbwa nyinshi, kajugujugu iguma ica mu kirere n'imodoka y'abapolisi igenzura akarere. Mu kirere hari icuma kirereka bita "radar", gikurikirana ibiba vyose. "Murabona hano mpagaze, niho abimukira hamwe n'abinjiza ibiyovyabwenge baca," nkuko Ruperto Escobar avuga. "Rimwe na rimwe urumva urwamo rw'amasasu mw'ijoro." "Iyo amazi agabanutse, abantu bajabuka batambuka." Itongo rya Ruperto Escobar rigarukira ku ruzi Rio Grande Ku bantu batarashika aho hantu, bomenya ko ubwaguke bw'urwo ruzi ari imetero 20 gusa. Ku bijanye n'umugambi wa Perezida Trump, Ruperto agira ati: "Nico gituma nanje nshima ko hokwubakwa uruhome, naho tutavuga rumwe na benshi mu baba hano." Ibice 98% vy'abanyagihugu baba muri Escobares n'abafise amamuko yo muri Espagne hamwe na Mexique. Ubiravye Escobares ntisa naho ari igisagara ca mbere gikenye muri Amerika. Nta bantu batwawe n'ibiyovyabwenge nk'abo usanga mu mabarabara ya Los Angeles, canke ngo ubone abakenye kubera ikumigwa nk'abo usanga i Detroit na Baltimore. Ariko iyo winjiye mu mabarabara buhoro buhoro urabona inzu bita - "trailer- houses" ushobora kwunguruza ugatwara aho wipfuza. Umukozi Raúl Renovato w'imyaka 31 yaje ava mu gihugu ca Mexique afise imyaka 6, aba muri imwe mw'izo nzu hamwe n'umupfasoni wiwe n'abana biwe bane. Agira ati: "Ino si ya Amerika nahora ndota." "Ariko uwipfuza gutera imbere, aratera imbere." Raúl Renovato yavuze ati: "Ino siyo Amerika narota." Raúl akora mw'ishirahamwe riseha umucafu mu gisagara ca Roma, akaba afise umugambi wo kwugurura akazu gato k'uburiro, komuha amahera iruhande y'umushahara. Agira ati: "Ndanezerezwa n'akazi nkora, nta manyanga karimwo." Ako kazi niko katumye agura inzu abamwo yashizemwo n'ivyuma vyo gushusha no gukanyisha inzu. Uburongozi bwa Escobares hamwe n'ibiro vy'igipolisi biri mu nyubakwa yunguruzwa bikenewe "office-trailer", kuberako izimbutse mu kuba yubatswe n'ibikoresho bibayabaye bitazimvye. Inzu zimugwa ziragwiriye cane mu gisagara ca Escobares Iruhande y'ikamyo yo kuzimya umuriro, iyo gutwara umucafu, ikindi ubona i Escobares ni ibiro bijejwe iterambere hamwe n'inyubakwa y'amakoraniro. Umukuru w'igisagara avuga ko hagikenewe vyinshi muri ako gace. Avuga ati: "Dukeneye ko hazi ishirahamwe rikomeye kugira ngo turonke akazi." "Nipfuza kubona Escobares irimwo ivyashara vyinshi, ubuzi, ikibuga co kuruhukiramwo, ibarabara rikuru hamwe n'ubuzi abanyagihugu baba bakeneye." "Uku nikwo mbona kazoza."