Geneva: Umujyi ufite umushahara fatizo ku bakozi uri hejuru kurusha ahandi ku isi
Geneva ni ahantu hacyize. Ni ikicaro cya banki nyinshi zikomeye zigenga, Umuryango w'abibumbye, n'inzu za Sotheby's na Christie's zizwi cyane muri cyamunara z'amabuye y'agaciro ahenze bitangaje
i Genève ni iwabo w'ibigo bikize cyane n'abantu ku giti cyabo, ariko kandi ni ahantu haba n'abantu bagisaba ibiryo Muri uku kwezi, uyu mujyi watangije umushahara fatizo ku kwezi wo hejuru kurusha ahandi hose ku isi, byemejwe n'amatora ya kamarampaka yabaye mu kwezi kwa cyenda. Uwo mushahara mushya uri ku mafaranga y'Amasuwisi (Sfr) 23 ku isaha imwe - ni asaga 24,598Frw - ibi bizatanga umushahara fatizo wa 4,000 SFr ku kwezi (asaga 4,270,000Frw). Kuki? Uyu mujyi wo mu Busuwisi urakize ariko nanone utuwe n'ibihumbi by'abakozi bakora muri za hoteli, za restaurant, abakora isuku, abakora imisatsi n'abandi bagorwa no kubona ibikwiriye. Mu kwezi kwa gatatu ubwo Ubusuwisi bwajyaga mu mategeko yo kugumisha abantu mu ngo, amafoto y'imirongo y'abantu bagiye aho batanga ibiryo ku buntu i Genève yabaye umutwe w'inkuru henshi. Abantu bari ku murongo bategereje guhabwa ibiryo i Genève mu kwezi kwa gatandatu Gusa ubundi, aha batanga ibiryo (food banks) hariho na mbere y'iki cyorezo, ndetse n'ubu haracyahari amezi menshi nyuma y'uko "guma mu rugo" irangiye. Imirongo iba ari miremire, benshi mu bayitonda baba ni abagore, benshi muri bo bafite abana batoya. 4,000 Sfr si akayabo? Ashobora kumvikana nk'aho ari menshi, ariko ni mu gihe utaba i Genève, nk'uko bivugwa na Charly Hernandez ufite ikigo cy'abagiraneza Colis du Coeur. Ati: "Icyumba kimwe gikodeshwa 1,000 Sfr (arenga gato 1,000,000 Frw) ku kwezi, ubashije gutungwa n'amafaranga 500 ku kwezi ku biryo uba uri umuntu uzi gucunga neza, ubwisungane mu kwivuza ni 550 ku kwezi ku muntu umwe. Muri umuryango ufite abana babiri mubaho bibagoye". Kubaho i Geneva birahenze, yewe no ku bakorerabushake batanga ibiryo bagorwa no kubona ibikwiriye mu buzima Umushahara fitizo mushya uzahindura byinshi ku bantu benshi, nka Ingrid, wahoraga ajya kuri 'food bank' gufata ibiryo. Ati: "Ukwezi kujya gushira nta faranga nsigaranye, iyi [food bank] yarantabaye, kuko impa ibiryo igihe cy'icyumweru. Icyumweru cyo gutabarwa." Yewe na bamwe mu bakorerabushake, nka Laura, babasha kubaho i Genève bibagoye. Ku mushahara we w'umuforomokazi, ntabwo abasha kwishyura inzu muri uyu mujyi we. Ati: "Nabasha kuba ahantu hatoya cyane, icyumba kimwe. Rero ndacyibanira n'umuryango. Mfite imyaka 26." Ni inde uzishyura? Business zihemba abakozi munsi ya Sfr 23 ku isaha ubu zigomba kongerera umushahara abakozi bazo. Kubasha kugera kuri ibi nabyo ni ingorane kuri zo kuko zashegeshwe na Covid-19, uko kuzamura umushahara Vincent Subilia, inzobere mu bucuruzi i Geneva avuga ko bishobora guteza ibibazo kurusha ibisubizo. Ati: "Hoteli na za restaurant, aha ni ahantu hazahajwe cyane n'iki cyorezo. Ibi bishobora gushyira mu kaga kubaho k'ubu bucuruzi." Stefano Fanari, umucuruzi wa restaurant, yabwiye televiziyo yo mu Busuwisi ko abona atazashobora kuzuza ibyo asabwa. Nk'ukuriye abandi batetsi, umushahara we uri hagati ya 5,000 na Sfr 6,000 ku kwezi. Ati: "Nakomeza gute mu gihe ntabasha kwishyura ayo mafaranga aboza amasafuriya n'amasahani ? "Ese nagabanya amasaha bakora? Ntimunyumve nabi, ntabwo ndwanya ko umuntu ahembwa 4,000 ku kwezi. Ariko ntabwo dushobora kuyahemba. Nditanga, nkora amasaha 12 ku munsi hano. Nakora iki?" Hagiye kuba iki rero? Itegeko rishya ry'umushahara fatizo i Genève rishyizwe mu bikorwa atari ubusabe bwa leta, ahubwo kuko abaturage b'uyu mujyi babisabye nk"ikicyifuzo cya rubanda". Bakusanyije imikono icyenewe ngo habeho referandumu kuri iki kibazo, tariki 27 z'ukwezi kwa cyenda batora 'Yego' ku kigero cya 58%. Demokarasi itaziguye y'Ubusuwisi isobanura ko itora ari ryo rigira ijambo rya nyuma, bityo rero ubu uyu mushahara fatizo ni itegeko rigomba kubahirizwa. Kenshi, abaturage b'Ubusuwisi bakunze gutora bitondeye cyane ikoreshwa ry'imari ya leta. Ariko uwo munsi nanone batoye bemeza ikiruhuko cy'ibyumweru bibiri bihemberwa ku bagabo babyaye, mu gihugu hose. Hari ubwoba ko za restaurant zitazabasha guhemba ku mushahara fatizo mushya Umushahara fatizo, uburenganzira Mu bihugu bimwe muri Africa umushahara fatizo ntuba usobanutse cyangwa ntiwubahirizwa, ibyo impirimbanyi z'uburenganzira bw'abakozi zibona nk'akagambane k'abategetsi n'abashoramari ku bakozi. Mu 2018, inteko ishingamategeko mu Rwanda yatowe itegeko rizashyiraho umushahara fatizo, rivugurura iryari rimaze imyaka irenga 30 ryavugaga ko ari amafaranga 100 ku munsi. Kugeza ubu inzego zibishinzwe ntizirashyiraho uwo mushahara fatizo, gusa ubarwa n'inkiko mu Rwanda ubu ni 3000 Frw ku munsi.