Africa kuronka urucanco rwa Covid-19 si vuba
Afrika izorindira amayinga canke amezi imbere yo kuronka inkingo za Covid-19 zemewe na OMS, nk'uko vyemezwa n'abategetsi batandukanye bariko barita ku rutare kugira uwo mugabane uronke incanco.
Incanco hafi miliyoni 900 ziramaze gutumwako gushika ubu biciye mu nzira zitandukanye , izo zikaba zikwiye kugira hakingirwe 30% y'abanyafrika bose hamwe babarizwa muri miliyaridi 1.3 Ibigoye kigira izo nkingo zishike muri Africa ni vyinshi: ukuzitanguranwa n'ibihugu bifise amikoro, ukutaboneka kw'uburyo bwari bwemewe gutangwa, n'amategeko ajanye n'ivyuma bitanga ubukonje bwo kubikamwo izo nkingo. Umukuru wa OMS asa mbere n'uwabonye ko ibihugu vy'amikoro make bishobora gusigara inyuma cane muri uwo mugambi wo gukinga kwandura umugera wa Covid-19. Dr Tedros Ghebreyesus yagize ati: ''Turi hafi y'akaga ko kunanirwa ivyo dutegerezwa gukora nk'abantu kandi ingaruka n'ugutakaza ubuzima n'ibibeshaho abantu mu bihugu bikenye.'' Haguma haterwa akamo ko hoba isabikanywa atawe risiga inyuma. Gushika ubu inkingo imiliyoni 40 ziramaze guhabwa abantu mu bihugu nibura 49 vyifise, kugereranya n'incanco 25 gusa zatanzwe muri kimwe mu bihugu vy'amikoro make ku bwa Dr Tedros. ''Simvuze miliyoni 25, canke ibihumbi 25, mvuze 25 gusa'' ariko ntiyavuze ico gihugu icari co. Gushika ubu izo nkingo z'i Buraya nta na rumwe rurahabwa umuntu muri Africa, amezi abiri kuva zitanguye gutangwa i Buraya. Ihuriro ry'amashirahamwe ajejwe guhimiriza, People's Vaccine Alliance, rivuga ko ryasanze ''Ibihugu bitunze bifise abantu bangana na 14% y'ababa kw'isi yose vyaguze ibice birenga 50 kw'ijana (53%) vy'incanco zose zitanga icizere co gukingira abantu''. Aho harimwo incanco zose za Moderna muri uyu mwaka wa 2021 na 96% z'izo Pfizer itegekanya gukora. Igihugu ca Canada nico cahebuje nk'uko vyerekanwa n'ikigo cihweza ibijanye n'ubuhinga, Airfinity. Kivuga ko ico gihugu caguze ''inkingo zihagije kugira umunyeCanada wese akingirwe incuro zitanu''. Izo rero zitegerezwa kuboneka imbere y'uko ibihugu vy'amikoro make navyo bishikirwa. ''Ntimurondere inyungu z'umurengera'' Muri Africa , ibiriko biraba vyibutsa imyaka ya 90 aho imiti yi gupfupfahaza SIDA (ARV) yakorerwa muri Amerika. N'ubwo Africa ariyo yari ifise abantu benshi kuruta iyindi migabane bagendana uwo mugera, vyatwaye imyaka itari munsi y'itandatu kugira iyo miti ishikire Abanyafrika. Imiriyoni 12 z'abantu barapfuye muri Afrika mu kiringo c'imyaka cumi bahitanywe n'indwara zifatiye kuri SIDA mu gihe igitigiri c'abapfa cari cagabanutse cane muri Amerika , nk'uko biri mu mwihwezo w'ikigo ca Africa kijejwe kurwanya indwara no kuzikinga. Isekeza ritunganijwe neza ryatumye Afrika ironka imiti ya SIDA iciriritse Umuyobozi nshingwabikorwa wa UNAids Winnie Byanyima ari mu bantu bashira ijwi hejuru cane kugira abakora inkingo za Covid-19 ntibarondere inyungu z'umurengera. Yabwiye BBC ati : ''Ntitubasaba guhomba. Kuri za ARV, abantu bagendana umugera wa SIDA n'abaharanira uburenganzira bwo kubaho barahagurutse batuma ama reta yemera ko hakorwa imiti y'abahawe uruhusha n'abayikoze ubwa mbere (generique), iyo nayo ikaba yari izimbutse cane. ''Ni uko imiti ya SIDA yavuye ku ma dolari 10.000 ($10.000) ku mwaka(ku muntu umwe) ikamanuka gushika ku ma dolari ijana($100) ku mwaka. '' Ashaka ko vyogenda gutyo ku nkingo za Covi-19, agasaba ibigo bihingura imiti ngo ''ntibitwarwe no kurondera inyungu z'umurengera''. Avuga ko bishobora kubandanya vyunguka n'aho vyokwereka abandi inzira yo gucamwo mu gukora izo nkingo. 'Gusimba abandi ku murongo' Umukuru wa OMS nawe nyene asaba ko hoba ugusabikanya neza. Ariko avuga ko n'abafise iyo mvugo baca ku ruhande bakarengana Covax kugira biyumvikanire n'ayo makompanyi ahigura izo ncanco, bigatuma ibiciro biduga kandi hakaba kugerageza gusimba abandi. Afrika y'Epfo iri mu bihugu hari abantu batewe inkingo mu kuraba ko zikora, ariko n'ubu ntiratangura gukingira abanyagihugu Covax n'umugambi wa OMS na Vaccine Alliance wo gukwiragiza inkingo za Cobid-19 kw'isi ata n'umwe asizwe inyuma. Uwo mugambi ngo ntiwashoboye gushoka ugura izo kingo nk'uko ibihugu vyifise vyabikoze kuko wabanje kurondera uburyo. Umaze kuronka miliyaridi 6 z'ama dolari kuri 8 wari wiyemeje kwegeranya, izo ngo zikaba zigenewe ibihugu 92 vy'amikoro make n'ayabayabaye nk'uko bivugwa na Thabani Mapfosa wa Vaccine Alliance. Gushika ubu uwo mugambi umaze gutumako inkingo zingana n'imiriyoni 600 kuri ivyo bihugu, harimwo ibihugu vyose vya Afrika. ''Igikorwa amahanga'' Ariko rero ntihakenewe uburyo bwo kugura inkingo gusa. Ibihugu bitegerezwa kuronka uburyo bwo kugura ivyuma bitanga ubukonje bwo kuzibika na cane cane nka Pfizer, ibikwa mu bukonje bwa degre 70 munsi y'ubusa (-70C). Ishami rya ONU ryitaho abana UNICEF , risanzwe ritunganya itangwa ry'incanco ku bana, rizotanga uburyo bwo gushikana inkingo za Covid-19 iyo zitegerezwa gushika mu mugambi wa Covax. Iryo shami ririko riritegura kwiremeka nibura incuro zibiri ivyo ryahora ritwara muco ryise ''igikorwa amahanga kitari bwigere kiba''. Ivyo kugira bikunde, ibihugu bitegerezwa kuba vyiteguye mu buryo bwo kwakira izo nkingio no kuzitanga. Benjamin Schreiber ashinzwe guhuza ibikorwa vya Covax muri Unicef avuga ko afise ''impungenge ko ata mwiteguro uhagije uraba''. ''Ico twabonye n'uko no mu bihugu biteye imbere ishirwa mu ngiro ry'ibikorwa vyo gutanga incanco bitoroha namba, bikenera uburyo no gutegurwa neza, gushika ubu akaba ata mwiteguro uhagije urakorwa mu bihugu vy'amikoro make.'' Ariko afise icizere ko bizoshoboka kuko avuga ko nk'ibihugu vyo muri Afrika bimenyereye ivy'incanco gusumba ibindi bihugu vyinshi kw'isi. OMS imaze kwemera urucanco rumwe gusa Intambanyi si izo gusa. Mu mugambi wa Covax wa OMS, hemewe kugurwa incanco zimaze kwemezwa na OMS gusa. Gushika ubu naho urumaze kwemerwa gukoreshwa vyihutirwa ni Pfizer gusa. Moderna na AstraZeneca ziracari nu nzira yo kwemerwa. Gushika ubu rero nta tariki runaka BBC yabonye y'aho inkingo za mbere zishobora kubonekera muri Africa ifatiye ku bishikirizwa n'abategetsi ba Covax. Itariki yitwa ko ari iya hafi ni mu kwezi kwa kabiri ariko hashobora gushika no mpera z'ukwa gatatu kugira inkingo za mbere zirungitswe na Covax zishike muri Africa.