Nagorno-Karabakh: Armenia, Azerbaijan n'Uburusiya byasinye amasezerano y'amahoro
Armenia, Azerbaijan n'Uburusiya byashyize umukono ku masezerano agamije gusoza imirwano mu karere ka Nagorno-Karabakh ibihugu bya Armenia na Azerbaijan bipfa.
Abakorerabushake bo mu gisirikare cya Armenia barimo kuruhuka mu murwa mukuru Yerevan, ku itariki ya 27/10/2020 Minisitiri w'intebe wa Armenia Nikol Pashinyan yavuze ko ayo masezerano "ababaje bikomeye kuri jyewe n'abaturage bacu". Agezweho hashize ibyumweru bitandatu haba imirwano hagati y'ingabo za Azerbaijan n'abo mu bwoko bw'abanya-Armenia. Akarere ka Nagorno-Karabakh kemewe mu mahanga nk'aka Azerbaijan, ariko gategekwa n'abo mu bwoko bw'abanya-Armenia kuva mu 1994. Muri uwo mwaka wa 1994, amasezerano y'agahenge yashyizweho umukono nyuma y'imirwano, ariko ntihigera hashyirwa umukono ku masezerano y'amahoro. Kuva imirwano yakongera kubura mu mpera y'ukwezi kwa cyenda uyu mwaka, hari amasezerano y'agahenge atandukanye yashyizweho umukono, ariko yose agenda arengwaho. Ni iki cyemeranyijweho? Aya masezerano y'amahoro yatangiye kubahirizwa kuri uyu wa kabiri saa saba z'ijoro (01:00) ku isaha yaho. Bijyanye n'aya masezerano, Azerbaijan izagumana uturere yigaruriye muri iyo mirwano. Armenia yemeye ko mu byumweru bicye biri imbere izakura ingabo zayo mu turere twinshi twegereye aho ngaho. Perezida Vladimir Putin w'Uburusiya yavuze ko abashinzwe kubungabunga amahoro b'Uburusiya bazoherezwa kugenzura mu turere tw'imirwano. Minisitiri w'ingabo w'Uburusiya yemeje ko abasirikare 1,960 b'Uburusiya ari bo bazoherezwa muri utwo turere, nkuko ibiro ntaramakuru TASS bya leta y'Uburusiya bibivuga. Turukiya nayo izagira uruhare muri ibyo bikorwa byo kubungabunga amahoro, nkuko Perezida Ilham Aliyev wa Azerbaijan yabivuze. Perezida Putin yavuze ko ayo masezerano akubiyemo no guhanahana imfungwa zafashwe muri iyo mirwano, ndetse "inzira zose mu bukungu no mu gutwara abantu n'ibintu zigafungurwa". Yakiriwe gute? Perezida Aliyev wa Azerbaijan yavuze ko aya masezerano "afite agaciro kanditse amateka", kandi ko agaragaza "gutsindwa" kwa Armenia. Ingabo za Armenia zakomeje gutakaza ahantu henshi higarurirwa n'ingabo za Azerbaijan (bivugwa ko ari zo ziri muri iyi foto), kuva imirwano yakongera kubura mu mpera y'ukwezi kwa cyenda Minisitiri w'intebe wa Armenia Nikol Pashinyan yavuze ko yafashe icyemezo cyo gushyira umukono kuri ayo masezerano ashingiye ku "masesengura yimbitse y'ukuntu bimeze mu mirwano ndetse no ku kiganiro n'inzobere zihebuje zo muri uru rwego [rwa gisirikare]". Ati: "Iyi si intsinzi, ariko ntabwo hajya habaho gutsindwa keretse iyo ari wowe ubwawe wifashe nkaho watsinzwe". Mu kwamagana ayo masezerano, hari imbaga y'abantu yigabije ibiro bikuru bya leta ya Armenia i Yerevan Arayik Harutyunyan, umukuru w'akarere ka Nagorno-Karabakh, wo mu bwoko bw'abanya-Armenia, yavuze ko yemeye ayo masezerano mu "kurangiza intambara vuba hashoboka". Yavuze ko nta kundi byari kugenda hagombaga kubaho ayo masezerano y'amahoro, nyuma yuko ako karere gatakaje umujyi wa kabiri mu bunini wako wa Shusha (uzwi nka Shushi mu rurimi rw'Ikinya-Armenia). Kuri Facebook, yavuze ko hari hatangiye n'imirwano mu nkengero z'umurwa mukuru Stepanakert wa Nagorno-Karabakh, kandi ko iyo iyo mirwano ikomeza aka karere kose kari kwigarurirwa. Ati: "Twari kuba dutakaje byinshi kurushaho". Mu murwa mukuru Yerevan wa Armenia, imbaga y'abantu yigaragambije yamagana ayo masezerano, nkuko ibitangazamakuru byaho bibivuga. Abo bigaragambya biraye mu biro by'inteko ishingamategeko no mu zindi nyubako za leta, batera hejuru bati: "Ntabwo tuzayireka [imirwano]". Imirwano yahitanye bangahe? Ntabwo bizwi neza umubare w'abapfiriye muri iyi mirwano. Buri ruhande ruhakana kwibasira abaturage b'abasivile, ariko rugashinja urundi kubikora. Abategetsi b'akarere ka Nagorno-Karabakh bavuga ko abasirikare bako bagera hafi ku 1,200 bapfiriye muri iyo mirwano, kandi ko n'abaturage b'abasivile bishwe cyangwa bagakomereka. Buri ruhande rwashinje urundi kurasa ku baturage b'abasivile Azerbaijan ntabwo yatangaje imibare y'abasirikare bayo bishwe, ariko yavuze ko abaturage bayo b'abasivile barenga 80 biciwe mu mirwano - barimo 21 ivuga ko biciwe mu gitero cy'igisasu cya 'missile' mu mujyi wa Barda mu kwezi gushize. Mu kwezi gushize, Perezida Putin yavuze ko abantu hafi 5,000 ari bo biciwe muri iyo mirwano.