Amatora ya Uganda 2021: Menya abakandida barimo guhatana na Perezida Yoweri Museveni
Kuva ku itariki ya 9 y'uku kwezi kwa 11 mu 2020 kugeza ku itariki ya 12 y'ukwezi kwa mbere mu 2021, abakandida 11 bari mu bikorwa byo kwiyamamariza kuba Perezida wa Uganda.
Perezida Yoweri Museveni na Bobi Wine ni bo bahabwa amahirwe menshi Ni amatora ateganyijwe kuba ku itariki ya 14 y'ukwezi kwa mbere mu 2021. BBC Gahuzamiryango irakugezaho iby'ingenzi wamenya kuri buri mukandida. Yoweri Museveni Perezida Yoweri Museveni wa Uganda, urimo kwiyamamariza manda ya gatandatu, ni umugabo w'intego ukunda kwambara ingofero nini. Yavutse ku babyeyi b'aborozi muri Ankole, mu burengerazuba bw'igihugu. Yize ubukungu (ubutunzi mu Kirundi) na siyansi ya politike kuri Kaminuza ya Dar es Salaam muri Tanzania, nyuma aza kujya mu mitwe y'inyeshyamba irwana mu buryo bwa 'guerilla'. Nk'umuntu wagize uruhare mu guhirika ku butegetsi ba perezida babiri muri Uganda, ndetse ubu akaba amaze imyaka 34 ku butegetsi, yumva ko ari we muntu wenyine ufite ubushobozi bwo gutegeka Uganda. Ubwo yiyamamazaga kuri manda ya gatanu, yavuze ko agomba gusoza akazi yatangiye, ati: "Uyu musaza wacunguye igihugu, ni gute mushaka ko agenda?" "Ni gute nava mu rutoki [umurima w'ibitoki] nahinze ubu rukaba rutangiye gutanga umusaruro?" Imyaka ye y'ukuri yibazwaho Imyaka nyayo y'"uyu musaza" igibwaho impaka. Mu 2016, leta ya Uganda yavuze ko afite imyaka 71 - ubu yaba afite 75 - ariko icyo gihe abatavuga rumwe na leta bavuze ko abeshya, ko ahubwo yari ayirengejeho itanu. Byari gutuma atemererwa kwiyamamaza kuri manda ya gatanu kubera ko yari kuba arengeje imyaka ntarengwa, ariko nyuma inteko ishingamategeko ya Uganda yatoye ikuraho iryo tegeko, ari yo mpamvu Bwana Museveni arimo no kwiyamamaza kuri iyi manda ya gatandatu. Ikinyamakuru Daily Monitor cyatangaje ko Bwana Museveni avuga ko atazi itariki nyayo yavukiyeho. Gisubiramo amagambo ye ari mu gitabo Sowing the Mustard Seed yanditse kivuga ku buzima bwe cyasohotse mu 1997, agira ati: "Ababyeyi banjye ntabwo bigeze bagera mu ishuri, rero ntabwo namenye itariki [y'amavuko]". Ariko, yakomeje gushimangira mu itangazamakuru ko ubuzima bwe bumeze neza cyane, "usibye malaria rimwe na rimwe, inkorora cyangwa ibibazo byoroheje byo mu zuru bitewe n'imiti". Mu 2015 yavuze ko "n'uyu munsi, imyitozo ngororangingo micye cyane ni yo ntashobora gukora, irimo nko gusimbuka macyeri, bisigaye bingora muri iyi minsi". Amwe mu matariki afite icyo avuze kuri Museveni Ku bijyanye n'umuryango Ku yari kuba manda ye ya nyuma ku butegetsi, mbere yuko imyaka ntarengwa ikurwaho, yashyize umukono ku itegeko rirwanya abatinganyi bituma avugwaho cyane mu mahanga. Mu 2014, Bwana Museveni yashyize umukono ku mushinga w'itegeko rirwanya abatinganyi, wari watanzwe n'umwe mu badepite bo mu ishyaka rye rya National Resistance Movement (NRM). Hashize amezi macye ryateshejwe agaciro ku nenge kuburyo ryashyizweho, ariko ubwo ryarimo rigibwaho impaka mu mwaka wa 2012, Bwana Museveni yahishuye ikintu kitari kizwi ku buzima bw'umuryango we. Yagize ati: "Maze imyaka 39 nshakanye n'umugore wanjye, ariko nta na rimwe ndamusoma mu ruhame no mu rugo iwanjye imbere y'abana". Undi munyagitugu? Bwana Museveni yigeze gushimagizwa n'ibihugu by'i Burayi n'Amerika nk'umuntu bashobora gukorana - umwe mu bategetsi bashya muri Afurika bo gusimbura "abanyagitugu" bagejeje ibihugu byabo ku bwigenge ubundi bakagundira ubutegetsi. Ariko abamunenga bavuga ko na we yahindutse "umunyagitugu". We n'u Rwanda barwaniye muri Zaïre Mu mwaka wa 1996, Uganda n'u Rwanda - abarutegeka ubu yanafashije mu ntambara yabagejeje ku butegetsi mu 1994 - byateye Zaïre ya Mobutu, bishyigikiye inyeshyamba zaje no kumuhirika ku butegetsi. Ingabo z'u Rwanda na Uganda nazo zaje gusubiranamo zirwanira mu mujyi wa Kisangani - urugamba bivugwa ko ruri mu byashyize igihu mu mubano w'ibi bihugu byombi kugeza n'uyu munsi. Ingabo za Uganda ya Museveni n'iz'u Rwanda zashinjwe gusahura amabuye y'agaciro ya DR Congo no kuhakora ubwicanyi bwibasira abasivile n'ibindi byaha byo mu ntambara - ibyo ibihugu byombi byahakanye. Kujya muri iyo ntambara, byahindanyije isura ya Museveni muri Uganda no mu mahanga. Icyo yifuza kwibukirwaho Mu mwaka wa 2011, Perezida Museveni yabwiye BBC ko hari ibintu bibiri ashaka gusiga nk'umurage azibukirwaho: Yagiye ashinjwa kugambirira kuba umutegetsi wa mbere w'Afurika y'uburasirazuba yunze ubumwe, ndetse no gutegurira umuhungu we kuzamusimbura bikaba nkaho ari ubutegetsi bwa cyami muri Uganda. Nubwo ibyo ashinjwa bishobora kubonwa nko guhwihwisa gusa, bigaragara ko Bwana Museveni, na nyuma y'iyi myaka 34 amaze ku butegetsi, acyumva ko idahagije ngo asige uwo murage yifuzaga. Robert Kyagulanyi Robert Kyagulanyi, uzwi cyane ku izina ry'ubuhanzi rya Bobi Wine, ni umuhanzi wo mu njyana ya 'afrobeat' ubu akaba ari umudepite mu nteko ya Uganda. Ahagarariye akarere ka Kyadondo kari rwagati muri Uganda. Ni we ubonwa nk'ufite amahirwe menshi yo guhigika Museveni. Ahagarariye ishyaka National Unity Platform (NUP). Urubuga rwe bwite rwo kuri internet ruvuga ko nyina yari umuforomo (umuganga) naho se ari umuhinzi. Yize umuziki, kubyina no gususurutsa abantu ndetse nyuma yiga n'amategeko. Ku myaka 38 y'amavuko, arengejeho imyaka ine gusa kuri 34 Perezida Yoweri Museveni - barimo guhatana mu matora ya perezida yo mu 2021 - we amaze ku butegetsi. Bwana Wine avuga ko akoresha umuziki mu rwego rwo kwigisha no kuruhura abantu. Bamwe bamwita 'perezida wo muri ghetto', kubera ko yakuriye muri kamwe mu duce ducyennye cyane two mu murwa mukuru Kampala. Ndetse ni ho yagumishije inzu ye itunganya umuziki, na nyuma yuko amaze kwamamara. Ariko nyine si we perezida nyakuri wa Uganda kuko uwo ari Museveni. Yatangiye politike ryari? Wine yinjiye muri politike mu mwaka wa 2017, atsinze ku bwiganze bw'amajwi abakandida barimo n'uwari umukandida w'ishyaka riri ku butegetsi rya National Resistance Movement (NRM). Mu ijambo rye nyuma yo gutorerwa kuba depite yagize ati: "Ndi hano kugira ngo mpe urubyiruko icyizere". Uganda ni kimwe mu bihugu bya mbere ku isi bifite abaturage biganjemo urubyiruko. Abarenga bitatu bya kane (3/4) by'abaturage ba Uganda, barenga miliyoni 42, bafite munsi y'imyaka 30 y'amavuko. Ibyo bivuze ko bamaze igihe gito bariho ugeneranyije n'igihe Perezida Museveni amaze ku butegetsi, ndetse bakaba ari nkaho ari urungano rwa Wine - ibishobora gutuma bamwiyumvamo kurushaho bakamutora. Bobi Wine akunze kumvikana anenga gahunda za leta zigira ingaruka ku rubyiruko ndetse agakora n'ubukangurambaga ku mbuga nkoranyambaga akoresheje ijambo (hashtag) rivuga ko ubutegetsi ari ubw'abaturage (people power). Imwe muri gahunda yamaganye, ni ijyanye n'imyaka ntarengwa 75 yo kuba umuntu yakwiyamamariza kuba perezida wa Uganda. Ni ko byari bimeze kugeza ubwo mu mwaka wa 2018 Perezida Museveni yatumaga habaho itegeko risobanuye ko ubu nta gihe cy'imyaka ntarengwa ku mukandida ngo yiyamamarize kuba perezida - bivuze ko ubu yashoboye kwiyamamaza kuri manda ya gatandatu. Bobi Wine yamaganye iyo mpinduka - ntabwo yari we wenyine - binateza imirwano mu nteko ishingamategeko ya Uganda. Indi gahunda ya leta Bobi Wine yamaganye, ni ugusoresha abakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga nka Facebook, Instagram na Twitter muri Uganda, umusoro wari watangiye mu kwezi kwa karindwi mu 2018. Icyo gihe abakoresha izo mbuga bananiwe kuzikoresha, keretse babanje kuriha umusoro w'amashilingi 200 ya Uganda ku munsi. Perezida Museveni yavuze ko wari washyizweho mu rwego rwo guhashya "kuvuga ubusa" kuri izo mbuga, kandi ko byari kwinjiriza igihugu amafaranga yo kugifasha mu iterambere ry'ejo hazaza. Abantu benshi, barimo na Bobi Wine, barakajwe n'iryo tegeko. Bituma akoresha imyigaragambyo yo kwamagana uwo musoro. Abanenga ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Museveni bavuze ko ari uburyo bwarimo gukoreshwa mu kugabanya uburyo abantu bashobora gutanga ibitekerezo byabo mu bwisanzure no kubuza urubyiruko kunenga gahunda za leta. 'Ubwisanzure bwanjye n'uburenganzira bwanjye' Mu kiganiro na BBC mu kwezi kwa cyenda mu 2018, Bobi Wine yavugaga ko kwiyamamariza kuba perezida atari byo arimo gutekerezaho, ko icyo ashyize imbere ari ubwisanzure bwe n'uburenganzira bwe ndetse no kuba mu gihugu giteye ishema buri muturage wa Uganda. Icyo gihe yari avuye kwivuza muri Amerika, nyuma yuko we na bagenzi be batavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi batawe muri yombi mu kwezi kwa munani bashinjwa ubugambanyi ku bivugwa ko bateye amabuye ku modoka zari zitwaye Perezida Museveni. Umushoferi wa Wine yishwe arashwe, mu cyo Wine yavuze ko ari we ubwe wari wagambiriwe. Yaje kurekurwa atanze ingwate, ashinja abasirikare kumukubita no kumukorera iyicarubozo aho yari afungiye - ibyo igisirikare cya Uganda cyahakanye. Tumukunde Henry Tumukunde Henry yasezerewe mu ngabo ku ipeti rya Liyetona Jenerali Ni umunyapolitike w'imyaka 61 wahoze ari umusirikare mukuru wo mu ngabo za Uganda (UPDF), wagiye mu kiruhuko cy'izabukuru ageze ku ipeti rya Liyetona Jenerali. Mu kwezi kwa gatanu muri uyu mwaka wa 2020, ni bwo yatangaje ko aziyamamaza nk'umukandida wigenga. Mu mirimo yakoze, harimo kuba Minisitiri w'umutekano kuva mu 2016 kugeza mu 2018, kuba umukuru w'urwego rw'ubutasi bwa gisirikare, ndetse yigeze no kuba umudepite uhagarariye ingabo za Uganda mu nteko ishingamategeko. Ni umwe mu bamaganye ikurwaho rya manda ntarengwa zo kuba perezida, bivugwa ko ari byo byamuviriyemo gushyirwa ku ruhande. Mugisha Muntu Ni umunyapolitike wahoze ari umusirikare mukuru wo mu ngabo za Uganda, akaza no kuba umugaba mukuru w'ingabo. Yavuye mu gisirikare ageze ku ipeti rya Jenerali Majoro. Ni umukuru w'ishyaka Alliance for National Transformation (ANT) yashinze mu 2019, nyuma yo kuva mu ishyaka FDC yayoboraga avuga ko hari ibyo adahuza n'abandi bakuru baryo mu ngengabitekerezo y'ishyaka. Bwana Muntu, w'imyaka 62, yigeze kuba depite mu nteko y'umuryango w'Afurika y'iburasirazuba. Mu gihe yari akuriye urwego rw'ubutasi bw'igisirikare cya Uganda, mu bo yari akuriye ba hafi harimo na Paul Kagame, ubwo yari akiri umusirikare wa Uganda, ubu ni Perezida w'u Rwanda. Patrick Oboi Amuriat Patrick Oboi Amuriat, umukandida w'ishyaka Forum for Democratic Change (FDC), yaminuje mu bwubatsi. Avuga ko politike igamije impinduka ya Dr. Kizza Besigye akaba na Koloneli uri mu kiruhuko cy'izabukuru, washinze FDC, ari yo yamuteye ishyaka ryo gushaka kugera ikirenge mu cye. Bwana Amuriat yamaze imyaka 15 ari umudepite. Mao Norbert Uyu munyamategeko w'imyaka 53 wahoze ari umudepite, akaba ari Perezida w'ishyaka rya Democratic Party (DC) guhera mu mwaka wa 2010. Mu 2011 nabwo yiyamamarije kuba Perezida wa Uganda, mu matora yatsinzwe nanone na Perezida Museveni. Mwesigye Fred Ni pasiteri wo mu idini rya 'Born Again'. Uyu mugabo w'imyaka 39, wiyamamaza nk'umukandida wigenga, avuga ko ashyize imbere Imana no kubona Uganda iba igihugu gifite uburumbuke kandi giteye ishema abaturage bose ndetse gikora ku bw'inyungu za buri muturage. Kalembe Nancy Linda Uyu mubyeyi w'imyaka 40 wiyamamaza nk'umukandida wigenga, ni we mukandida perezida wenyine w'umugore muri aya matora ya Uganda. Nkuko ikinyamakuru Daily Monitor kibitangaza, avuga ko niba hagomba kubaho impinduka igomba guhera hejuru, ko ari yo mpamvu ashaka kuba perezida. Avuga kandi ko kuba ari we mugore wenyine bitamuca intege ahubwo bimwongerera icyizere, cyane ko ngo yavutse ari we mukobwa wenyine mu muryango wabo. Ahakana ko atari umwe mu bavugwa ko ari ingwizamurongo zashyizweho n'ishyaka riri ku butegetsi rya NRM rigamije gutatanya amajwi y'abatora b'abagore n'urubyiruko, kugira ngo abakandida b'ingenzi batavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi birangire nta majwi yabo babonye ahagije. Mayambala Willy Uyu injeniyeri (ingénieur) w'imyaka 33, ni umukandida wigenga uvuga ko atari ngombwa ko yirirwa yandika imigabo n'imigambi ye kuko yanditse ku mitima y'abacyene bose n'abanyacyaro bo muri Uganda, nkuko bitangazwa n'ikinyamakuru The New Vision kibogamiye kuri leta. Mu byo asezeranya harimo ubuvuzi kuri bose nta kiguzi no gutuma ibyiza (umutungo) by'igihugu bisaranganywa mu buryo bungana. Kabuleeta Kiiza Joseph Uyu wahoze ari umunyamakuru w'ikinyamakuru The New Vision kibogamiye kuri leta ya Uganda ubu wahindutse pasiteri, arimo kwiyamamaza nk'umukandida wigenga. Avuga ko nubwo ari pasiteri, ibyo ashyize imbere ari ukuvuga ibibazo by'abaturage uko biri. Asezeranya ko nyuma y'ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Museveni nta wundi Perezida uzabaho muri Uganda uzategeka imyaka irenze 10. Katumba John Ku myaka 24 y'amavuko, ni we mukandida perezida muto cyane mu myaka mu bandi bose. Yiyamamaza nk'umukandida wigenga. Nyuma y'amakuru ku mbuga nkoranyambaga muri uku kwezi kwa 11 ko yasezeranyijwe akazi mu kigo cy'igihugu cy'indangamuntu (NIRA) ariko na we akemera gukuramo kandidatire ye, yihutiye kubihakana avuga ko ibyo ari ibinyoma. Ndetse n'ikigo NIRA kivuga ko yari yagiye kuri bimwe mu biro byacyo kuko yataye indangamuntu agasaba guhabwa iyindi, ko nta yindi mpamvu. Nkuko ikinyamakuru The Independent cyo muri Uganda kibitangaza, ku munsi wo gutangazwa nk'umukandida yatangaje abantu ubwo yagera aho akanama k'amatora katangarije abakandida yitwaje amashilingi miliyoni 20 asabwa abakandida, avuga ko nta kundi yari kubigenza kuko nta nimero y'umusoro agira, bikaba byari byamunaniye kuyanyuza kuri banki. Kuri uwo munsi kandi, imodoka yari yakodesheje ngo ihamugeze yaratobotse, biba ngombwa ko yiruka n'amaguru akajya kuri ako kanama k'amatora. Kuri bamwe bamubona nk'umunyarwenya, uyu musore urangije muri Kaminuza ya Makerere muri uyu mwaka kuri ubu utarabona akazi, yabwiye igitangazamakuru KFM cyo muri Uganda ati: "Nta kuntu umuntu yabona imikono isabwa, akariha miliyoni 20 z'amashilingi, akajya muri Uganda hose ashaka amajwi ubundi ngo abe ari umunyarwenya". Ati: "Abanya-Uganda bakwiye gutora Katumba kuko hari imyanya myinshi y'ubuminisitiri [ibategereje], harimo n'uwo kuba umugore wa perezida". Ushobora no gushima gusoma ibi: