Uko coronavirus yatumye imiti itari iy'ukuri yiyongera ku isi
Ishami ry'umuryango w'abibumbye ryita ku buzima (OMS/WHO) ryaburiye ko imiti mpimbano ivugwaho kuvura coronavirus yiyongereye mu bihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere.
Iperereza rya BBC ryasanze hari imiti mpimbano icuruzwa muri Afurika, abayicuruza bakaba baca urwaho ku kuba nta muti wa coronavirus uraboneka ndetse n'ibura ry'indi miti y'ibanze. OMS ivuga ko imiti nk'iyo ishobora kugira "ingaruka zikomeye" ku buzima. Impuguke imwe yaburiye ko hashobora kwaduka "ikindi cyorezo gitewe n'imiti itujuje ubuziranenge kandi mpimbano". Ku isi abantu bakomeje kwirundaho imiti y'ibanze bakayihunika mu ngo zabo. Ariko mu gihe ibihugu bibiri bya mbere bikora imiti myinshi ku isi - Ubushinwa n'Ubuhinde - biri mu bihe bidasanzwe, abacyeneye imiti baruta imiti iri ku isoko. Ndetse n'icuruzwa ry'imiti mpimbano riri kwiyongera. Ubwo ku itariki ya 11 z'ukwa gatatu OMS yatangazaga ko ubu noneho coronavirus ari icyorezo cyugarije isi, muri icyo cyumweru polisi mpuzamahanga Interpol yafashe abigana imiti. Operation Pangea, itsinda rya Interpol rirwanya imiti mpimbano, yataye muri yombi abantu 121 bo mu bihugu 90 ku isi mu gihe cy'iminsi irindwi gusa. Ibyo byatumye ifata imiti mpimbano yajyaga gushyira ubuzima mu kaga ifite agaciro karenga miliyoni 14 z'amadolari y'Amerika. Mu bihugu byo kuva muri Malaysia kugera muri Mozambique, abapolisi ba Interpol bafashe ibyo kwipfuka mu maso (masques/masks) bibarirwa mu bihumbi za mirongo. Mu kwezi gushize kwa gatatu Interpol yafashe 'masques' mpimbano kandi zitujuje ubuziranenge zigera ku 34,000 Nyinshi muri izo 'masques' byavugwaga ko zifite ubushobozi bwo kuvura coronavirus. Jurgen Stock, umunyamabanga mukuru wa Interpol, yagize ati: "Ubucuruzi butemewe n'amategeko bw'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi mpimbano nk'ibyo muri iki gihe cy'akaga mu buzima, bugaragaza kutita na gacye ku buzima bw'abantu". Nkuko OMS ibitangaza, ubucuruzi bwose hamwe bw'imiti mpimbano, harimo n'imiti ishobora kuba yifitemo ubwandu runaka, buba bugizwe n'imiti ifite ibikora imiti bitari iby'ukuri. OMS yongeraho ko hari nubwo nta n'ibigize imiti iyo miti mpimbano iba yifitemo, cyangwa yaramaze kurangiza igihe. OMS ivuga ko ubucuruzi bw'imiti nk'iyo itari yo mu bihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere n'ibyateye imbere biciriritse, bubarirwa agaciro karenga miliyari 30 z'amadolari y'Amerika. Pernette Bourdillion Esteve, wo mu itsinda rya OMS rirwanya imiti itari yo, yagize ati: "Ibintu bigenze neza iyo miti ishobora kutavura indwara bivugwa ko yagombaga kuvura". "Bigenze nabi bwo iyo miti iteza ikibazo ku buzima, kubera ko ishobora kuba yarandujwe n'ikintu kirimo uburozi". Uko ikwirakwizwa Urwego rujyanye no gukora imiti rubarirwa agaciro karenga tiriyari (trillion) imwe y'amadolari y'Amerika. Uko ikwirakwizwa mu buryo bugari bihera mu nganda z'ingenzi z'imiti nk'izo mu Bushinwa no mu Buhinde, bikagera n'aho ishyirirwa mu bikarito n'amacupa i Burayi, muri Amerika y'epfo cyangwa muri Aziya. Bigakomereza kandi ku bashinzwe gukwirakwiza imiti bayohereza muri buri gihugu cyo ku isi. Esteve yavuze ko "bishoboka ko nta kindi kintu cyakwiriye ku isi kurusha imiti". Ariko muri iki gihe isi yinjiye mu bihe bidasanzwe, urwego rwo gukwirakwiza imiti rwamaze gutangira gucumbagira. Inganda nyinshi zikora imiti zo mu Buhinde zabwiye BBC ko ubu zikora ku kigero kiri hagati ya 50% na 60% cy'ubushobozi zisanzwe zifite. Kandi kubera ko inganda zikora imiti zo mu Buhinde zihariye 20% by'imiti yibanze yoherezwa muri Afurika, ibihugu byo kuri uyu mugabane biri kugirwaho ingaruka zikomeye. Ephraim Phiri, ucuruza imiti mu murwa mukuru Lusaka wa Zambia, yavuze ko byatangiye kumugiraho ingaruka. Yagize ati: "Imiti yatangiye gushira kandi nta yindi turikongera muri 'stock' yo kuyisimbura. Nta kintu na kimwe twabikoraho". "Birikutugora rwose kubona imiti…cyane cyane nk'irwanya za 'microbes' (antibiotics) n'irwanya malaria". Abakora n'abakwirakwiza imiti na bo bari kugorwa kuko ibikoresho by'ibanze bikoreshwa mu gukora ibinini kuri ubu bihenze cyane. Bigatuma inganda zimwe zitabyigerezaho ngo zibone n'uko zunguka - zikabona zaba ziri gukorera mu gihombo. Umwe mu bakora imiti wo muri Pakistan yavuze ko yajyaga agura ibyibanze byo gukoramo umuti wa hydrochloroquine uvura malaria ku madolari agera hafi ku 100 ku kilo. Ariko ubu avuga ko ikilo kimwe cy'ibyo bikoresho by'ibanze bivamo uwo muti cyazamutse kikaba gihagaze ku madolari 1,150. Perezida Donald Trump yagerageje kwemeza ubushobozi bwa hydrochloroquine - ariko nta gihamya iriho yuko ishobora gufasha mu kurwanya Covid-19 Mu gihe ibihugu byinshi bikomeje kwinjira mu bihe bidasanzwe aho ubuzima busanzwe busa n'ubwahagaze, ntabwo ari gusa igabanuka mu ikorwa ry'imiti riteje ikibazo. Ahubwo hari n'ikibazo cy'abacyeneye imiti barushaho kwiyongera, mu gihe abantu ku isi bo bahangayikishijwe n'uko bakwibikaho imiti y'ibanze myinshi ishoboka. Ni uru ruhurirane rw'igabanuka ry'ingano y'imiti ikorwa no kwiyongera k'umubare w'abayicyeneye rwatumye OMS iburira ko hari ukwiyongera guteye impungenge kw'ikorwa ry'imiti itari yo n'icuruzwa ryayo. Esteve, wo muri OMS, yagize ati: "Iyo imiti ikorwa idahuye n'ikigero cy'abayicyeneye, bituma habaho ko imiti mibi cyangwa imiti itari yo igerageza kuziba icyo cyuho cy'abacyeneye imiti nyayo ariko ntibayibone". Imiti itari yo Ubwo BBC yaganiraga n'abacuruzi b'imiti n'inganda ziyikora mu bice bitandukanye byo ku isi, byagaragaye ko imiti ivura malaria yugarijwe ku isi. Ni kuva Perezida Donald Trump wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika yatangira kuvuga ko chloroquine n'umuti bifitanye isano wa hydroxychloroquine, ishobora kuvura coronavirus. Yabivugiye mu biganiro bya buri munsi agirana n'abanyamakuru mu biro bye bya White House. Chloroquine mpimbano muri DR Congo Ibyo byatumye ku isi abantu batangira kugura ku bwinshi iyo miti, ubusanzwe ikoreshwa mu kuvura malaria. OMS yakomeje gutangaza ko nta gihamya ntakuka iriho yuko chloroquine cyangwa hydroxychloroquine ishobora kwifashishwa mu kuvura virusi itera indwara y'ubuhumekero ya Covid-19. Ariko mu kiganiro aherutse kugirana n'abanyamakuru, Perezida Trump, avuga kuri iyo miti ubundi ivura malaria, yagize ati: "Ni iki uhomba [mu kuwunywa]? Wunywe". Muri iki gihe aho abacyeneye iyo miti barushaho kwiyongera, BBC yatahuye ko chloroquine nyinshi itari iy'ukuri iri kugurishwa muri Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Kongo no muri Cameroun. OMS nayo yatahuye ko imiti mpimbano iri gucuruzwa mu gihugu cya Niger. Chloroquine y'ukuri ivura malaria ubusanzwe igurishwa ku madolari hafi 40 y'Amerika ku ipaki irimo ibinini 1,000. Ariko abacuruzi b'imiti muri DR Congo batahuwe ko ubu basigaye bayigurisha ku giciro kigera ku madolari 250 y'Amerika. Uwo muti uri kugurishwa yo bivugwa ko wakorewe mu Bubiligi n'uruganda "Brown and Burk Pharmaceutical limited". Ariko uruganda rw'imiti rwa 'Brown and Burk' rwanditswe ko rukorera mu Bwongereza, rwatangaje ko "ntaho ruhuriye n'uyu muti" Rwongeyeho ruti: "Ntabwo dukora uyu muti, ni mpimbano". Imiti ya malaria ariko itari iy'ukuri yatahuwe irimo gucuruzwa muri DR Congo Muri iki gihe icyorezo cya coronavirus gikomeje ku isi, Profeseri Paul Newton, impuguke mu bijyanye n'imiti mpimbano wo kuri Kaminuza ya Oxford mu Bwongereza, yagize icyo aburira. Yavuze ko icuruzwa ry'imiti mpimbano kandi mibi ku buzima ahubwo rizarushaho kwiyongera. Profeseri Newton avuga ko ari aha za leta z'ibihugu byo ku isi kwishyira hamwe zigahashya iyo miti mpimbano zisenyeye ku mugozi umwe. Yagize ati: "Dufite ibyago ko haduka ikindi cyorezo, kivuye mu miti itujuje ubuziranenge n'imiti itari yo, keretse twese ku isi niduhuriza hamwe tugashyiraho gahunda ihuriweho y'ikorwa, ikwirakwizwa ryo mu buryo bungana n'igenzura ry'ubudakemwa by'amagerageza, imiti n'inkingo". "Bitabaye ibyo, ibyo ducyesha ubuvuzi bugezweho…bizahatikirira".