Nairobi: Ku isoko ry'abana bibwe aho umwana ashobora kugurwa 500,000Frw
Abana baribwa bakajyanwa ku isoko rya magendu aho bagurishwa. Ishami Africa Eye rya BBC ryinjiriye aba bacuruza abana ku mafaranga ashobora no kugera ku 300,000Frw. Inkuru ya Peter Murimi, Joel Gunter, na Tom Watson.
Umwana w'umuhungu wa Rebecca yamwambuwe nijoro. Ati: "Nizera ko umunsi umwe azagaruka". Ahantu ari, umwana w'umuhungu wa Rebecca ubu agize imyaka 10. Ashobora kuba ari i Nairobi aho na nyina aba, cyangwa se ahandi. Ashobora no kuba atakiriho. Ubwa nyuma amubona umwana we w'imfura Lawrence Josiah, yari afite umwaka umwe. Rebecca yari afite imyaka 16. Hari ahagana saa munani z'ijoro mu kwa gatatu 2011 yari yataye ubwenge kubera guhumeka lisansi. Rebecca yahumekaga lisansi kugira ngo bimufashe gutinyuka gusabiriza ku nzira. Ubwo yari afite imyaka 15, nyina wa Rebecca ntiyari akibasha kumutunga no kumuha ibyangombwa nkenerwa, yavuye mu ishuri ajya ku mihanda. Yahahuriye n'umugabo wamwijeje kumushaka nk'umugore, ariko amutera inda ubundi arabura. Umwaka wakurikiyeho Rebecca yabyaye amwita Lawrence Josiah, yamureze umwaka umwe n'amezi, kugeza umunsi yasinziriye akangutse aramubura. Arwana n'amarira, ati: "Nubwo ubu mfite abandi bana, niwe wari imfura, niwe wangize umubyeyi. Nashakiye mu bigo byose by'abana, sinigeze mubona." Rebecca aracyaba ku mihanda i Nairobi. Ni umugore muto w'imisatsi migufi. Ubu afite abandi bana batatu b'abakobwa b'imyaka umunani, itandatu n'ine. Uyu w'umuhererezi nawe bigeze kumumwambura nk'uko abivuga, bikozwe n'umugabo ukunze kuba ari aho. Uwo mugabo ngo yamubwiraga ko uwo mwana yari amubwiye ngo amugurire icyo anywa. Rebecca abakurikiye ngo yabonye umugore hirya wari utegereje mu modoka. Rebecca n'umuhererezi we. Ati: "umuntu ahora ari maso, kuko abakire bashobora kwiba umwana wawe usinziriye" Biroroshye cyane kumva inkuru nk'izi kuri iyi mihanda aho Rebecca aba, kimwe n'abandi nkawe batagira aho baba i Nairobi. Umwana w'umuhungu w'imyaka itatu wa Esther yabuze mu kwa munani 2018. Esther ati: "Sinigeze ngira amahoro kuva nabura umwana wanjye. Naramushakishije kugera n'i Mombasa. Ubu hashize imyaka itanu Carol nawe yambuwe umwana we w'umuhungu hagati mu ijoro. Ati: "Ndamukunda cyane, nabagirira imbabazi baramutse bamunsubije." Aba bagore badafite kirengera barahigwa i Nairobi kugira ngo bahe isoko rya magendu abana bakenewe nk'ibicuruzwa. Mu gihe cy'umwaka, ishami rya BBC rikora inkuru zicukumbuye Africa Eye, ryabonye ibimenyetso ku bana bamburwa ba nyina batagira aho baba kugira ngo bagurishwe agatubutse. Africa Eye yabonye ubucuruzi bw'abana bibwa ku mihanda, n'abana bibwa mu bitaro bikuru bya leta. Mu muhate wo kugaragaza abakoresha ububasha bwabo nabi, Africa Eye yigize nk'umuguzi w'umwana watawe mu bitaro agurishwa n'umukozi wo kwa muganga, uyu akoresha impapuro mpimbano ko ari we ufite uwo mwana byemewe mbere y'uko amugurisha. Aba biba abana, baratandukanye, kuva ku babikora nko kwiboneramo inyungu ntoya gusa, kugera ku babikora mu buryo buteguwe cyane kandi buhoraho - kenshi bombi barakorana. Abagore babikora babonamo inyungu ntoya nka Anita, umusinzi ukomeye kandi ukoresha ibiyobyabwenge ndetse nawe uba ku muhanda, bahora bashakisha abana bo kwiba bari munsi y'imyaka itatu. Africa Eye yamenye ibya Anita kubera inshuti ye, wifuje ko adatangazwa. Iyo nshuti ye, wifujwe kwitwa Emma, avuga ko Anita afite amayeri menshi yo kwiba abana ku mihanda. Ati: "Rimwe na rimwe abanza kuvugana na nyina, ngo arebe niba yamenya umugambi afite, ubundi se agaha ibiyobyabwenge nyina, nk'ibinini bisinziriza cyangwa lisansi. Anita afite uburyo bwinshi abona abana. Emma yafashije kwerekana umugore azi wiba abana kuri ba nyina baba ku mihanda Yigize nk'umuguzi w'ingenzi, Africa Eye yateguye gahunda yo guhura na Anita mu kabari kari hagati mu mujyi i Nairobi kajyamo abacururiza ku mihanda. Anita yatubwiye ko ari ku gitutu cya 'boss' we ngo yibe abana benhi, ndetse atubwira ku wo aheruka kwiba. Ati: "Nyina yari mushya ku mihanda, wabona byaramucanze atazi ibiri kuba. Yaranyizeye ampa umwana, ubu ndamufite." Anita avuga ko 'boss' we ari umucuruzikazi wa hano ugura abana bibwe n'aba babikora batoya, we akabacuruza ku nyungu nini. Bamwe mu baguzi ni "abagore batabyara, kuri bo rero uwo aba ari nk'uwe. Abandi babakoresha nk'ibitambo". Arakomeza ati: "Yego, babakoresha nk'ibitambo. Aba bana barabura, ntushobora kongera kubabona." Hari ikintu nanone twumvanye Anita, ariko na Emma yari yatubwiye. Ko hari abagura abo bana "babajyana kubatangaho ibitambo". Ubundi Anita iyo amaze kugurisha umwana nta byinshi amenya ku bizamubaho. Abagurisha na wa mugore yita 'boss', 50,000 Ksh ku mukobwa na 80,000 Ksh ku muhungu (hafi 800,000Frw) nk'uko abivuga, icyo nicyo giciro urebye cy'umwana wibwe ku muhanda i Nairobi. Emma ati: "Uwo boss ntajya avuga business akoresha abo bana, nabajije Anita niba we yaba azi icyo abakoresha, ambwira ko ibyo atabyitaho niba abajyana mu barozi cyangwa ahandi, ko icyo apfa ari uko amuha amafaranga ibindi ntacyo amubaza". Nyuma gato yo guhura bwa mbere, Anita yaraduhamagaye ngo twongere duhure. Tuhageze, twasanze afite umwana w'umukobwa atubwira ko afite amezi atanu kandi ari bwo akimuhabwa na nyina, nyuma yo kumwizera. Ati: "Nibwo akimumpa, mpise mwirukankana". Anita yavuze ko afite undi muguzi ushobora kumuha 50,000Ksh (hafi 500,000Frw). Emma, uwaduhuje na Anita, yashatse kwinjira mu kugereka, avuga ko hari umuguzi azi ushobora kwishyura 80,000Ksh. Anita ati: "Aho ni sawa. Reka gahunda tuyirangize ejo." Itohoza rya BBC: Ubusuma bw'abana muri Kenya Gahunda yari uguhura saa kumi n'imwe. Ariko kuko ubuzima bw'uyu mwana bwari mu kaga, Africa Eye yahise imenyesha polisi, nayo itegura uburyo bwo gufata Anita no kurokora uwo mwana, umuguzi we akimugeraho. Bwari bwo buryo bwa nyuma bushoboka bwo kurokora uyu mwana mbere y'uko aburirwa irengero. Gusa Anita ntiyigeze aza, ndetse nyuma y'iminsi tugerageza kumubona twaramubuze. Hashize ibyumweru, Emma yabahsije kumenya aho ari. Atubwira ko Anita yahise abona umuguzi utanga menshi, ndetse yayakoresheje mu kubaka ibyumba bibiri, akazu gato k'amabati mu tujagari twa Nairobi. Umwana yari yagiye. Polisi iracyafite dosiye ifunguye ya Anita. 'Uwabikora tukareba' Nta mibare izwi y'ubucuruzi bw'abana muri Kenya - nta raporo za leta cyangwa ibarura ribikorwaho. Ibigo bikora ibyo gushaka abana babuze no gukurikirana igurishwa ryabo, nta bushobozi bifite kandi bifite abakozi bacyeya. Kimwe mu bigo abagore bibwe abana bagana ni Missing Child Kenya, ikigo cyigenga gikuriwe na Maryana Munyendo. Mu myaka ine kimaze, cyakoze ku bibazo nk'ibi 600 nk'uko Munyendo abivuga. Ati: "Iki ni ikibazo gikomeye muri Kenya ariko ntikivugwaho. Hano muri Missing Child Kenya tumaze urebye gukora akantu gato cyane kuri cyo kuko si ikibazo ababishinzwe baha agaciro". Urebye ni uko abagirwaho ingaruka na cyo ari abantu boroheje cyane, badafite kirengera cyangwa ijwi ryumvwa n'abategetsi n'itangazamakuru, nka Rebecca, Ikindi gitiza umurindi iri soko magendu ry'abana ni umuco mubi wo kunnyega ubugumba. Munyendo ati: "Ubugumba ni ikintu kibi ku mugore mu rushako muri Africa. Uba witezweho kubyara kandi akaba ari umuhungu. Iyo bidashobotse, ushobora no kwirukanwa. Babigenza bate rero? Bamwe biba abana." Umwana w'umuhungu mu kajagari k'ahitwa Kayole muri Nairobi, aho ubucuruzi bw'abana "bukomeye" nk'uko umunyamakuru abivuga Umugore uri muri icyo kibazo kenshi ahuzwa n'umuntu ucuruza abana nka boss wa Anita, nawe ukoresha abantu b'intege nke nka Anita bakiba abana ku muhanda. Cyangwa se bakaba bakorana n'umuntu wo kwa muganga. Iperereza rya Africa Eye ryabonye ko hari ibikorwa byo kugurisha abana bikorwa cyane mu bitaro bya leta. Duciye ku wundi muntu, yaduhuje na Fred Leparan, umukozi ku bitaro bya Mama Lucy Kibaki hospital. Leparan ashinzwe kurengera abana bari mu kaga bavukiye kuri Mama Lucy. Ariko uwamutugejejeho yatubwiye ko Leparan akora n'ubwo bucuruzi. Uyu yateguye uko duhura na Leparan, amubwira ko hari umugore ubabaye cyane ushaka kugura umwana kuko we atabyara. Leparan yaramusubije ati: "Mfite umwana mu bitaro, hashize ibyumweru bibiri bamutaye, ntibagarutse." Uwaduhaye amakuru avuga ko atari ubwa mbere Leparan agiye mubyo kugurisha umwana. Ubwo twahuraga, Leparan yagize ati: "Ubwo mperuka kubikora byanteye ubwoba". Africa Eye yamufataga amajwi n'amashusho atabizi, yongeraho ati: "Ibi nitubikora, ndashaka ko bitazanzanira ibibazo nyuma". Fred Leparan yemeye kwishyurwa 300,000 Ksh (hafi 3,000,000Frw) ngo yibe umwana aho akora kuri Mama Lucy hospital Abana batawe, nk'uyu Leparan yashakaga kugurisha, bagomba gushyirwa mu bigo bya leta byita ku bana aho bashobora guhabwa ababyeyi mu buryo bwemewe n'amategeko babanje gusuzuma niba bazashobora kubitaho. Iyo bagurishijwe gutya n'abantu nka Fred Leparan, nta muntu mu by'ukuri umenya irengero ryabo n'aho baba. Yagiye nk'umugore witwa Rose, umunyamakuru wa Africa Eye wiyoberanyije yahuye na Leparan mu biro biri hafi y'ibi bitaro. Leparan yamubajije Rose ibibazo bicye kuri we. Amubwira ko afite umugabo ariko yananiwe gusama kandi ari ku gitutu cy'umuryango w'umugabo we ngo abyare. Leparan aramubaza ati: "Wagerageje gushaka uwo urera byemewe n'amategeko?" "Twarabitekereje ariko tubona ni ibintu bisa n'ibigoranye" - Rose arasubiza. Leparan yaremeye. Igiciro cyagombaga kuba 300,000Ksh (ni hafi 3,000,000Frw). "Ibi nibirangira, bigomba kuba hagati yacu batatu gusa - wowe nanjye nawe" - Leparan avuga yerekana n'uwaduhuje. Yongeraho ati: "Ndavuga ko kwizera umuntu ari ibintu bikomeye. Bintera ubwoba". Yavuze ko azatuvugisha nyuma tukarangiza gahunda. Guhitamo kwa Adama Hagati y'abiba abana ku mihanda nka Anita n'abakozi bamunzwe na ruswa nka Leparan, hari ikindi kiciro muri iyi business yo kugurisha abana i Nairobi. Mu tujagari tw'i Nairobi uzahasanga amavuriro matoya yigenga (clinics) ariko atemewe afite ibyumba byo kubyariramo ku bagore batwite. Izi 'clinics' ni ahandi hantu hazwi ku isoko rya magendu ry'abana. Twakoranye n'umunyamakuru Judith Kanaitha wa Ghetto Radio, Africa Eye ibasha kugera kuri clinic iri ahitwa Kayole, ahantu hatuye ibihumbi byinshi by'abakene ba Nairobi. Kanaitha avuga ko ubucuruzi bw'abana buri gukomera cyane muri Kayole. 'Clinic' twagiyemo ikuriwe n'umugore witwa Mary Auma, uvuga ko yakoze nk'umubyaza muri bimwe mu bitaro bikomeye muri Nairobi. Kanaitha yigize umuguzi. Muri iyo clinic, abagore babiri bo bari hafi cyane kubyara. Yongorera, Auma ati: "Uyu, atwite amezi umunani n'igice, ari hafi cyane kubyara." Yabwiye Kanaitha ko uwo mwana, utaravuka, yamumuha ku 45,000Ksh (hafi 450,000 Frw) Auma wabonaga atitaye ku cyaba ku mubyeyi nyuma yo kubyara. Ati: "Akimara kubona amafaranga ye ahita agenda nta bindi, tuba twabyumvikanye, ntibongera kugaruka." Mary Auma negotiates a sale at her street clinic Menya: Iyi video isemuye mu cyongereza Adama, ni umugore wari utwite, ari nawe Auma yariho agurisha umwana we. Adama ni umukene. Nka Rebecca, nawe uwamuteye inda yaramutaye, gutwita byatumye bamwirukana aho yakoreraga ku ishantiye y'ubwubatsi kuko atari agishoboye kwikorera imifuka ya sima. Nyiri inzu yamwihanganiye amezi atatu, nyuma aramusohora. Adama rero yahisemo kugurisha umwana we. Mary Auma ntabwo yamuhaga 45,000Ksh yashakga kuduca. Yabwiye Adama ko gahunda twumvikanye ari 10,000Ksh (ni hafi 100,000Frw). Adama nyuma ari aho aba, yatubwiye ko nta yandi mahitamo yari afite, uretse ibyo no kwemera kubyarira ahantu hasa nabi hatari n'ibikoresho bikwiye. Adama yavuze ko umunsi twinjiye muri iyo 'clinic', Mary Auma yari yamutangije ibinini byo kunywa. Auma yari afite umuguzi kandi ashaka amafaranga. Gusa kubyara ntibyagenze neza. Umwana w'umuhungu yavukanye ibibazo mu gatuza, Auma abwira Adama ko amujyana kuri Mama Lucy Hospital. Hashize ibyumweru bibiri, Adama yasezerewe mu bitaro n'umwana we. Ahita yandikira ubutumwa Auma, uyu nawe aratwandikira. Ubutumwa bwe bugira buti: "Gahunda yavutse, ni 45,000Ksh." Muri Kayole ku mihanda nk'iyi uhasanga twa 'clinics' tutemewe Kuri 'clinic', Adama yahuye nanone na Auma n'umukozi we. Adama ati: "Bavuze ko umwana babona ameze neza ko niba umukiriya amushaka yahita amutwara." Adama ariko yumvaga ari kugira agahinda gakomeye. Ndetse atangira kwisubiraho nk'uko abivuga. Ati: "Numvaga ntagishaka kugurisha umwana wanjye ku muntu utazamurera neza, cyangwa umuntu ugura abana ngo abakoreshe ibindi bintu". Adama, yavuye aho ajyana umwana we, amuha ibitaro by'abana bya leta. Ntiyigeze abona amafaranga yashakaga. Ubu aribana, kure ya Nairobi, kenshi arota umuhungu we akabyuka nijoro akamutekereza. Biramugora ariko avuga ko nibura yagize amahitamo meza. Ati: "Numva mfite amahoro ko umwana wanjye namuhaye leta, kuko nibura nzi ko ari amahoro." Gahunda yo kwamuganga Fred Leparan, wamukozi wo kwa muganga, yarahamagaye ko yabonye umwana watawe na nyina ashaka kutwibira. Uwo mwana ni umwe muri batatu bari bategereje kujyanwa mu kigo cya leta cyita ku bana. Ni inshingano za Leparan ko abana bahagera amahoro. Ariko Leparan yari abizi ko iyo abana bavuye kuri Mama Lucy Hospital, amahirwe ari macye cyane ko hari undi muntu wo kuri ibyo bitaro ukurikirana ngo amenye ko bageze mu kigo cya leta. Ku bitaro, Leparan yujuje impapauro zisabwe anavuga gato n'abakozi, batari bazi ko umwana agiye kwibwa bareba. Rose, umunyamakuru wiyoberanyije, yari ategereje hanze mu modoka. Leperan yabwiye abo bakorana kwa muganga ko Rose akora muri cya kigo cya leta cyakira abana anasaba ababishinzwe kumushyira abo bana batatu. Wabonaga afite igihunga, ariko yizeza uwaduhuje nawe ko abo bakozi batari bukurikirane. Ati: "Humura, bafite akazi kenshi ko gukora, kereka mukomeje kuvugana nibwo babicyeka." Fred Leparan orchestrates the transfer of the child at Mama Lucy Menya: Iyi video isemuye mu cyongereza Hashize umwanya, abaje gutwara abana batatu bavuye kuri Mama Lucy hospital, ariko bafite amabwiriza yo kugeza babiri ku kigo cya leta cyakira abana. Hagati aho umwana umwe yagombaga kugira aho ajyanwa. Ikipe yiyoberanyije ya Rose yajyanye aba bana bose uko ari batatu, bose ibageza ku kigo cya leta, aho bitabwaho kugeza bagejeje imyaka yo guhabwa ababyeyi bagenzuwe na leta bifuje kubarera. Leparan yarahamagaye Rose amubwira ko ya 300,000Ksh ayaha umuntu ushinzwe kugaburira abana. Anamubwira ko uwo mwana "uramubwira n'inkovu y'urukingo, kandi mubyitondere cyane." Nyuma, BBC yabajije Fred Leparan iby'amafaranga yishyuwe ariko yanga kugira icyo avuga. Ibitaro nabyo byanze gusubiza, Leparan kandi biboneka ko yakomeje akazi ke. Twanamenyesheje umuryango wigenga urengera abana ibya Mary Auma n'ivuriro rye ritemewe ku muhanda muri Kayole, nawo umenyesha polisi. Ariko Auma akomeje business ye. Ntiyigeze agira icyo asubiza BBC imubajije kuri ibi bikorwa bye. Twagerageje no kubaza ibya Anita kuri dosiye polisi yafunguye, ariko biboneka ko Anita yongeye kuburirwa irengero ku mihanda ya Nairobi. "Buri wese yifuza kuba nyina w'umwana yabyaye," Rebecca - "Ntabwo ari ikosa ryacu kuba tuba ku mihanda." Ku babyeyi bibwe abana babo, nta gisubizo bazigera babona. Bahorana ikizere ko hari ubwo bazabona abana babo nanone, ariko nanone banazi ko hari ubwo bidashoboka. Rebecca yatanga igishoboka cyose kugira ngo abone umuhungu we, "kandi niba yaranapfuye, nifuza kubimenya". Umwaka ushize, umuntu yamubwiye ko hanze gato ya Nairobi yahabonye umwana w'umuhungu usa n'umukobwa we, mushiki wa Lawrence Josiah. Rebecca yari abizi ko bishobora kuba nta kintu kibirimo ndetse nta bushobozi bwo kujya aho hantu. Icyo yashoboye ni ukujya kubivuga kuri polisi bakamwumva, ariko ntacyo bamukorera. Amaherezo nawe arabiheba. Maryana Munyendo ati: "Hari amahirwe hafi ya ntayo ko hari umugore muri bariya uzongera kubona umwana we, benshi muri bariya bagore bo ku mihanda nabo ubwabo ni abana". Munyendo avuga ko abantu nka Rebecca kenshi bafatwa nk'abatababazwa n'ibibi bakorerwa. "Nyamara ntawukwiye kwibaza ko bo nta bumuntu bagira cyangwa badakwiriye ubutabera. Nabo bagira ibyiyumvo. Wowe uba ahantu heza uko ukumbura umwana wawe, niko n'uba ku muhanda akumbura uwe." Rebecca we yibaza iby'abagore b'abakire bagura abana babo - akibaza uko babasha kurera abana bazi neza ko bibwe kuri ba nyina babakunda kandi bazabakumbura iteka. Ati: "Batekereza iki? Bumva bameze bate?" Amafoto ya Brian Inganga