Ethiopia – Tigray: Ingene isasika ry'abantu ryagenze mu gisagara ntakorwako ca Aksum muri Ethiopia
Ingabo za Eritrea zagwanye mu ntara ya Tigray iri mu buraruko bwa Ethiopia zarishe abantu amajana muri Aksum cane cane mu minsi ibiri yo mu kwezi kwa 11, nk'uko ababibonye babivuga.
Aksum bivugwa ko ariho havukiye Umwamikazi wa Sheba avugwa muri Bibiriya Ubwicanyi bw'ikivunga bwo kw'itariki 28 na 29 z'ukwa 11 bushobora kuba ari icaha gikorewe zina muntu, nk'uko Amnesty International ibivuga mu cegeranyo cayo. Uwabibonye yabwiye BBC ingene imivyimba y'abantu yamaze iminsi mu mabarabara itarahambwa, myinshi iribwa n'imfyisi. Ministre wa Eritrea wo kumenyesha amakuru Yemane G. Meskel yiyamirije ico cegeranyo avuga ko "kidashoboka" kandi ari "irementanya". Yanditse kuri Twitter ngo abo Amnesty yita ababibonye ni abagwanyi bashigikiye TPLF, umugambwe wahora urongoye Tigray, ari nawo ukutumvikana kwawo na reta ya Ethiopia kwakweze iyo ntambara muri iyo ntara. Ubu reta ya Ethiopia yemeye ko igiye gufatanya n'amakungu mu gukora amatohoza. N'ubwo ifise amakenga ku buryo Amnesty yakoresheje mu gukora ico cegeranyo, reta yemeye ko hari ibibazo bikwiye gutera impungenge cane biri muri co. Ethiopia na Eritrea vyompi birahakana ko ingabo za Eritrea zagize uruhara mu ntambara ya Tigray. Iyo ntambara yadutse itariki 4 z'ukwa 11 mu 2020 igihe reta ya Ethiopia yagaba igitero kugira ituze TPLF inyuma y'aho abagwanyi b'uwo mugambwe bafatiye amakambi y'ingabo za reta muri Tigray. Ministre wa mbere wa Ethiopia Abiy Ahmed, yaronse agashimwe k'amahoro kitirirwe Nobel, yabwiye inama nshingamateka ku wa 30 ukwa 11 ko ata ''munyagihugu asanzwe (civil) n'umwe yishwe muri ico gitero". Ariko ababibonye baravuze ingene uwo munsi batanguye guhamba bamwe mu banyagihugu ata birwanisho bafise bari bishwe n'ingabo za Eritrea - benshi muri abo bakaba bari abahungu n'abagabo barasiwe mu mabarabara mw'isakwa ry'inzu ku nzu. Amnesty International ifise amasanamu ya satellite y'urugero runini mu kubona neza yo ku wa 13 ukwezi kwa 12 yerekana ubutaka bw'amasinde bihuye n'imva za vuba ku masengero abiri muri Aksum, igisagara ca kera c'intakorwako ku ba Kristu b'aba Orthodoxe bo muri Ethiopia. Uguca uburyo bwo guhanahana amakuru no kubuza gushika muri Tigray vyatumye amakuru y'ivyabereye muri iyo ntara ateba kumenyekana. Muri Aksum, amatara m'amaterefone bivugwa ko vyahagaze gukora ku munsi wa mbere w'intambara. Aksum yafashwe gute? Ingabo za Ethiopia na Eritrea zatanguye gusukira ibisasu ku buseruko bwa Aksum ku wa kane itariki 19 ukwezi kwa 11 , nk'uko bivugwa n'abantu bo muri ico gisagara. Umukozi umwe wa reta yabwiye BBC ati: "Ico gitero carakomeje amasaha atanu kandi kidahagarara. Abantu bari mu masengero, mu buriro, mu mahoteri no mu ngo zabo barapfuye. Mu ngabo zifise ibigwanisho muri ico gisagara nta wigeze asubiza -ubiravye cari kigambiriye abanyagihugu basanzwe [aba civil]". Amnesty yatororokanije ubuhamya bwinshi busa n'ubwo buvuga ingene gusukira ibisasu vyakomeje ku banyagihugu basanzwe kuri uwo mugoroba. Bamaze kugenzura ico gisagara, abasirikare, akenshi baboneka ko ari abanyaEritrea, bakoze isakwa ryo kurondera abasirikare ba TPLF canke abandi bagwanyi canke ''uwo wese afise inkoho'', nk'uko bivugwa na Amnesty. Umugore umwe yabwiye Amnesty ati: ''Hari ubwicanyi bwinshi... ku nzu ku nzu''. Deprose Muchena wa Amnesty avuga ko hari ivyemezo bifadika vyinshi vy'uko ingabo za Ethiopia na Eritrea zakoze ''ivyaha vyinshi vyo mu ntambara mu gitero cazo co kugaruza Aksum". Ubwicanyi bwakabuwe n'iki? Ku ndwi ikurikira , ubuhammya buvuga ko ingabo za Ethiopia zagumye muri Aksum, iza Eritrea zo zikaja hirya mu buseruko mu gisagara ca Adwa. Uwabibonnye yabwiye BBC uko ingabo za Ethiopia zasahuye amabanki yo muri ico gisagara ico gihe. Intambara yasize abanyaTigray mu kaga gakeneye imfashanyo Ingabo za Eritrea bivugwa ko zagarutse haheze indwi. Intambara yo ku wa 28 ukwa 11 yakabuwe n'igitero c'abagwanyi ba TPLF batari bafise ibigwanisho bikwiye, ku bw'icigeranyo ca Amnesty. Hagati y'abagwanyi 50 na 80 bo muri Aksum bagavye igitero ku kirindiro c'ingabo za Eritrea ku mutumba uhanamiye igisagara mu gitondo. Umugabo w'imyaka 26 yari muri ico gitero yabwiye Amnesty ati: "Twashaka gukingira igisagara cacu duca tugerageza kukigwanira na cane cane mu kwanka ko abanyaEritrea bacinjira…Bari bazi kurasa kandi bari bafise amaradiyo, guhanahana amakuru….Nta nkoho nari mfise, inkoni yonyene." Ingabo za Eritra zakoze iki? Ntibiziwi neza umwanya iyo ntambara yamaze, ariko kuri uwo muhingamo, ama kamyo n'ibiduga bitamenwa n'amasasu vyaciye vyinjira muri Aksum, nk'uko bivugwa na Amnesty. Ababibonye bavuga ko abanyaEritrea baciye birara mu bantu,barasa abagabo n'abahungu basanzwe ata bigwanisho bafise bari hanze ku mabarabara, barabandanya gushika ku mugoroba. Umugabo w'imyaka nka 20 yabwiye Amnesty ivyerekeye ubwicanyi bwabereye kw'ibarabara rikuru: "Nari mw'igorofa ya kabiri ry'inyubakwa ndaba ,ncishije mw'idirisha abanyaEritrea bariko barica abakiri bato." Abasirikare,bamenyekanye ko ari abanya-Eritrea atari ukubera umwambaro wabo n'imparati z'imodoka zabo gusa ahubwo kubera indimi bavuga(icarabu n'igiTigrinya co muri Eritrea),baciye batangura gusaka inzu ku nzu. "Novuga ko kwari ukwihora," nk'uko umusore umwe yabwiye BBC. "Bica umugabo wese babonye. Wuguruye umwango bakabonamwo umugabo, baca bamwica,utuguruye baca barasa bakugurura ku nguvu." Yari yinyegeje mu nzu y'ubutambiro hanyuma arabona umugabo yatowe akicwa n'abasirikare b'abanyaEritrea kandi aguma abasaba ngo bamureke: "yabawira ngo: 'Jewe ndi umu civil,nkora muri banki." Ababibonye bavuga ko amabarabara yo muri Aksum yari yuzuye ibiziga Uwundi mugabo yabwiye BBC ko yabonye abagabo batandatu bishwe, nk'abayonzwe, hanze y'inzu yiwe hafi y'ihoteri Abnet ku munsi ukurikira ku wa 29 ukwezi kwa 11. "Barabatondetse umurongo hanyuma babarasa mu mugongo babahagaze inyuma.Babiri muri bo nari ndabazi. Twarabana.Barababajije:'Inkoho zanyu zirihe' hanyuma nabo barishura: 'Nta nkoho tugira,turi aba civil." Hishwe abantu bangahe? Ababibonye bavuga ko mu ntango abasirikare ba Eritrea batashaka ko hari uwegera abiciwe ku mabarabara-uwugerageje kubikora baca bamurasa. Umugore umwe, abahungwabo babiri b'imyaka 29 na 14 bishwe, yavuze ko amabarabara ''yari yuzuye ibiziga". Abantu benshi bahambwe kw'isengero ya Arba'etu Ensessa muri Aksum Amnesty ivuga ko inararibonye n'abasirikare ba Ethiopia bamaze kubijamwo, gushingura abantu vyahavuye bitangura haheze iminsi myinshi,amaziko menshi akaba yabaye itariki 30 z'ukwa 11 abantu benshi bamaze kuzana ibiziga ku masengero -rimwe na rimwe 10 icarimwe bari mu nkorofani z'ibiti zikwegwa n'ifarasi canke indogobwe. Kw'ihoteri Abnet, umukozi wa reta yavuganye na BBC yavuze ko hari ibiziga vyamaze iminsi ine bitaravanwa aho abantu biciwe. "Ibiziga vyari iruhande y'ihoteri Abnet na cinema ya Seattle vyariwe n'imfyisi.Twasanze amagufa gusa. Twahamvye amagufa. "Novuga ko hishwe abanyagihugu basanzwe amajana 8 muri Aksum." Ibi avuga birahura n'ibivugwa n'umu diyakoni wo kw'isengero yabwiye Associated Press ko ibiziga vyinshi vyari vyarariwe n'imfyisi. Yarafashije kwegeranya indaangamuntu z'abishwe hanyuma arafasha mu guhamba mu binogo rusangi,nawe nyene akaba yibaza ko hishwe abantu amajana 8 mu mpera z'iyo ndwi. Abantu 41 barokotse n'abavyiboneye Amnesty yabajije batanze amazina y'abantu barenga amajana abiri bazi bishwe. Vyagenze gute abantu bamaze guhambwa? Ababibonye bavuga ko abanyaEritra bagiye mu bikorwa vyo gusahura , abantu bamaze guhunga ari benshi, vyaciye biba hose kandi bikuzako. Kaminuza, amazu y'abantu,amahoteri,ibitaro, ibigega vy'intete,ahakorerwa imiduga,banki,imangazini,aho bakorera imikate n'ayandi mabutike bivugwa ko vyari mu vyo batumbera. Umugabo umwe yabwiye Amnesty ko abasirikare ba Ethiopia bananiwe no kubuza abanyaEritrea gusahura inzu y'uwo bavukana. "Baratwaye TV,imodoka y'ijipe,frigo,metela zitandatu,ivyo kurya vyose vyari mu nzu n'amavuta yo guteka,amavuta yo gusiga umukate, ifu ya teff [indya ngenderwako muri Ethiopia], ububati bwo mu gikoni, impuzu, inzoga ziri muri frigo, icuma co kuduza amazi, na laptop." Ama butike bivugwa ko yasigaye agaragara Uwo musore yavuganye na BBC yavuze ko azi imodoka 15 z'umugwizatunga wo muri ico gisagara zasahuwe. Ibi vyaragize ingaruka ku basigaye muri Aksum, vyabasize batagira indya zo kubatunga n'imiti yo kwivuza, nk'uko bivugwa na Amnesty. Abibonye bavuga ko ubusuma bw'ivyuma vyo gupompa amazi vyatumye basigara banywa amazi yo mu nzuzi. Kuki Aksum ari igisagara ntakorwako? Kivugwa ko ariho havukiye Umwamikazi wa Sheba avugwa muri Bibiriya yagize urugendo i Yaruzaremu agiye kuraba Umwami Salomon. Baravyaranye umwana w'umuhungu-Menelek I-bivugwa ko ariwe yazanye i Aksum L'Arche d'Alliance/The Ark of Covenant (Isandugu ry'Isezerano),bivugwa ko ariyo yarimwo amabwirizwa 10 Imana yahaye Musa. Yama icunzwe buri gihe mw'isengero rya Our Lady Mary of Zion iri muri ico gisagara kandi nta n'umwe arekuriwe kuyibona. Isengero Our Lady Mary of Zion Church ni ikibanza gishengererwa ku Bakristu b'aba Orthodoxe bo muri Ethiopia Ibirori bikomeye vy'idini birakorerwa kuri iyo sengero buri 30 ukwezi kwa 11, bikitabwa n'abaje gushengera bavuye irya n'ino muri Ethiopia no kw'isi, ariko mu mwaka uheze ntivyabaye kubera intambara. Uwo mukozi wa reta yavuganye na BBC yavuze ko abasirikare ba Eritrea baje kuri iyo sengero itariki 3 ukwezi kwa 12 ''baratera ubwoba abapatiri babahatira kubaha umusaraba w'inzahabu n'ifeza''. Ariko avuga ko abadiyakoni n'abandi bakiri bato bagiye gukingira iyo sandugu. "Wari umugumuko udasanzwe. Umugabo wese n'umugore wese barabagwanya. Bararashe barica bamwe, ariko turanezerewe ko twashoboye gukingira ibintu vyacu vy'agaciro."