Mars: Cya kinyabiziga cya Perseverance cyohereje amafoto atangaje
Ikinyabiziga kidasanzwe Perseverance NASA yohereje kuri Mars kikahagera mu kwezi gushize nyuma y'amezi arindwi y'urugendo kiri kohereza amafoto y'uko byifashe kuri uwo mubumbe.
Amafoto kiri kohereza ni ay'ahantu giherereye hafi y'aho cyaguye hitwa Jazero ku ntera ya 49km uvuye kuri koma (equateur) ya Mars ugana mu majyaruguru y'uyu mubumbe utukura. Aya ni amwe mu mafoto cyohereje, mu gihe kiri guhiga ibimenyetso bito cyane bishoboka by'ubuzima, ibyaranze ikirere cyaho ndetse kigatoragura amwe mu mabuye yaho yakwifashishwa mu bushakashatsi. Iyi ni ifoto ya mbere ya 'resolution' nini kandi y'amabara yafashwe na camera yo hasi y'iki kinyabiziga kimaze kugera hasi Perseverance ushobora kuyibona icanye amatara hafi y'aho yaguye, iminsi itandatu nyuma y'uko ihageze. Icana imbere n'inyuma iyo hari umwijima kugira ngo ikomeze akazi yatumwe Perseverance ifite ibikoresho byinshi bya siyansi byo gukusanya amakuru kuri uyu mubumbe, ikirere cyawo, ubutaka bwawo n'ibihakikije. Camera yafashe iyi foto iri hejuru ku munara wayo wifashishwa mu kumenya aho kigana. Iyi ni ifoto y'igice kimwe ku mugongo w'iki kinyabiziga aho gifite ibikoresho bizagifasha gukusanya ibintu biri 'chemical' izasanga kuri uwo mubumbe. Ifoto ya bugufi y'amabuye n'ubutaka byo kuri Mars cyafashe kuwa mbere w'iki cyumweru Iri buye ryaconzwe n'umuyaga rirerekana ibyo Perseverance iri kugenda ibona. Iri buye abahanga baje kuryita "harbour seal" kubera ishusho yaryo. Ifoto ngari igaragaza umurambi n'imisozi kuri Jazero, hafi y'aho Perseverance yaguye. Ibisa n'imisozi biri muri kilometero nyinshi uvuye aho iri. Indi foto igaragara nk'icyo imboni y'ijisho ry'umuntu nayo yabona kuri uyu mubumbe utukura irerekana ibitare byinshi ku butaka kuri Mars. Ifoto yo mu cyumweru gishize yerekana ahantu mu buryo bwa hafi, iyi abantu bayitoye nk'"Ifoto y'Icyumweru" ku cyumweru cya kabiri Perseverance iri mu butumwa. Iyi foto irerekana akanunga ko kuri Jazero kasigaye gahagaze nyuma y'imyaka myinshi haba isuri. Ahantu hari imirongo itambitse kuri ako kanunga hazibandwaho cyane n'abashakashatsi mu gushaka ibimenyetso by'ubuzima bwaba bwarabaye hano. Imwe mu mafoto ya mbere yafashwe Perseverance iri kururuka. Hano irabifashwamo n'imigozi itatu n'undi umwe bise "urureri" (uruzogi mu kirundi) yose ifashe ku mutaka kugeza kigejeje amapine yacyo hasi. Iyi foto nayo yafashwe mu kururuka. Mu gihe Perseverance yari kuri 11km igana ku butaka bwa Mars, yahise irekura umutaka uyifasha kururuka buhoro buhoro. Uko Perseverance yarebaga ubutaka bwa Mars umwanya muto cyane mbere yo kugera hasi. Iyi foto irerekana umukungugu uri kwigirayo kubera iki kintu kiri kumanuka ngo kihagwe. Indi foto mu kumanuka kwacyo irerekana agace ka Jazero. Perseverance yaje kugwa mu gace kari hagati ahajya ibumoso mu ifoto. Igice cy'iburyo ni umukoki wiremye kubera ibikekwa ko ari uruzi rwa cyera cyane rwisukaga mu kiyaga cyari hano. Amabuye n'umucanga bizavanwa muri uyu mukoki bizagarurwa ku isi n'iki kinyabiziga. Amafoto yose ni aya Nasa/JPL-Caltech