Muhammadu Buhari, umukuru w’igihugu ca Nigeria arondera gusubira kwitoza
Mu gihe umukuru w'igihugu ca Nigeria Muhammadu Buhari arondera gusubira kwitoza, ategerezwa kwibagira icatumye atorwa mu myaka ine iheze - kwibagira akahise.
Muri ico gihe, yaserukira iciswe "umukubuzo mushasha", ikimenyetso c'umugambwe wiwe ariko ntiyari bwigere atorwa n'aho yari yabigerageje incuro zitatu. Ukuntu yari azwi - nk'umuntu yari agumye kandi atarya igiturire - vyari bishingiye ku ntwaro yiwe ya gisirikare y'amezi 20 mu myaka ya 1980. Yiyamamaje nk'umukandida yavutse ubwa kabiri ngo aharanire intwaro rusangi, yiyemeza kurandurana n'imizi igiturire, ateze imbere ubutunzi yongere arwanye intagondwa z'aba islamu bo muri Boko Haram. Abanyagihugu bari baruhishijwe n'igiturire, umutekano muke hamwe n'ubutunzi bw'igihugu bwari bugeze ahatemba, barumvise akamo yabateye bamuhunda amajwi, gutyo aba abaye uwa mbere ashoboye gutsinda umukuru w'igihugu ari ku butegetsi. Intsinzi ya Buhari mu mwaka wa 2015, ntikwari ukwemeza imigambi yiwe gusa, kwari kandi ukwikurako politike yari ihasanzwe. Aya matora y'ubu nayo rero azoba ari nk'urubanza kuri politike y'intwaro yiwe. Ubu ntazoshobora kwemerera abanyagihugu ko azosezera akahise kandi agafisemwo uruhara. Umwihwezo w'ubutegetsi bwiwe n'uruvangatirane. Abarwanya Buhari bavuga ko amateka yatumye aronka amajwi mu myaka ine iheze - nk'umuntu yari agumye kandi agoye - vyagiye kuboneka nk'uko ataco vyamaze. Yagirizwa ko atwaza umukazo kandi asa n'uwudafata ingingo iyo bikenewe. Vyamufashe ikiringo c'amezi atangatu kugira ngo ashinge Leta gushika aho bamutazira "Baba-Go-Slow" (Dawe genda bukebuke). Icegera ca Prezida Buhari, Yemi Osinbajo (iburyo), ashobora gutuma bizigirwa Abashigikiye Buhari bobo bavuga ko yakoze ivyo yiyemeje mu gihe yiyamamaza, nk'ukugwanya igiturire n'ukugwanya Boko Haram. Ariko ntibiborohera kwerekana ibindi yoba yarakoze mu bindi bisata, nk'ukunagura ubutunzi. Ubutunzi bwarasubiye inyuma ku ntwaro yiwe, bitumwe n'ikoroka ry'igiciro c'igitoro kw'isoko mpuzamakungu. Vyagiye kwunyurwa n'uko yanse ko ifaranga rya Nigeria, Naira, rikororwa agaciro, bituma habura amafaranga y'agaciro mu gihugu mu mwaka wa mbere w'intwaro yiwe. Amashirahamwe yategerezwa kwinjiza ibidandazwa n'ibikoresho vyabaye ngombwa ko arondera amadolari ku biciro vyo mu kinyegero kugira ngo bakwepe ibiciro vyashinzwe na Leta. Ubushomeri kandi bwarongerekanye ku biharuro biteye ubwoba mu gihugu aho banyagihugu bashika bibiri vya bitatu babayeho mu bukene budasanzwe. Ingaruka yavyo, abanya Nigeria benshi babona ko intwaro ya mbere ya Buhari yaranzwe n'ibibazo vy'ubutunzi bwasubiye inyuma n'ubuzima bwazimye. Amahirwe yo gusubira gutorwa azovana n'ingene abanya Nigeria ubwabo bazokwumva ko ingorane barimwo aribo bo nyene baziteye. Prezida Buhari asanzwe yizewe n'abanya Nigeria bo mu buraruko bw'igihugu Ku rundi ruhande, Perezida Buhari yaragwije imiigambi mu bijanye n'uburimyi hamwe n'amabarabara, arongera aratuma igitoro ciyongera mu bumanuko. Arashobora kwishimira kandi ko yasubije itoto ubutunzi bw'igihugu, n'aho iduzwa ry'igiciro c'igitoro cagize uruhara. Intwaro ya Buhari kandi yaranzwe n'ibibazo vy'amagara make yiwe. Kuva mu mwaka wa 2017, Prezida baramubuze akatari gake kubera yagiye kwivuza hanze. Ku myaka 76, yaranse kumenyesha indwara arwaye iy'ari yo, akikekwa ko yarondeye uwo basa yomusubirira mu gihe c'imisi mikuru, ivyo navyo akaba yagumye abibeshuza. Intwaro yiwe ikaba ihagaze cane ku gice c'uburaruko bw'igihugu, kizwi kw'izina rya "talakawa" mu rurimi rw'igi haoussa. Mu matora aheruka, akamo kiwe karitabiriwe n'abari biyonkoye ku mugambwe watwara ico gihe, People's Democratic Party (PDP). Muri iki gihe, afise icizere ku cegera ciwe, Yemi Osinbajo, umu pasitori azwi cane mu bumanuko bw 'igihugu burwiriyemwo abakristu. Umuntu yashoboye gusubiza ku murongo igihugu Mu vyo yakoze vyamuhesheje iteka, Perezida Buhari yovuga ko yashoboye kugarukana umutekano mu buraruko bushira ubuseruko bw'igihugu. Yarahagarikiye ubwiwe igisirikare mu gihe cisubiza uturere twari twifatiwe n'intagondwa za Boko Haram zarwanya Leta kugira ngo zishinge intwaro ishingiye kw'idini rya kiislamu. Abigeme batari bake bari mu murwi w'abashika 300 banyurujwe na Boko Haram barasubijwe mu miryango yabo. Ariko, abigeme benshi biswe Chibok Girls gushika ubu ntibazi irengero ryabo, kandi igitero giheruka c'umuhari wa Boko Haram carerekanye ko hakiri agahaze mu vy'umutekano. Bamwe mu bigeme ba Chibok bari banyurujwe na Boko Haram barasubijwe mu miryango yabo Kubw'umwanditsi Andrew Walker yanditse igitabo kuri Boko Haram, uwo mugwi w'iterabwoba umenyereye gukoresha ibihe vy'agahengwe kugira ngo usubire wiyubake. Avuga ko Buhari yashoboye gutwara mu gihe ata bitero vyari bikaze, ico gihe naco kikaba kiriko kirarangira. Umuntu w'intungane Ibibazo vy'umutekano ntibiri mu buraruko bushira ubuseruko gusa. Intara ya Zamfara isanzwe yugarijwe n'ubukene, mu buraruko bushira uburengero, yahuye n'ibibazo vy'ukunyuruza n'ukwica abantu vyakorwa n'abasuma b'inka, ababandi hamwe n'imirwi y'inkozi z'ikibi. Umutekano muke waribonekeje kandi mu bindi bice vy'igihugu vyari mu ndyane z'amoko n'amadini. Abajejwe umutekano bararungitswe mu burere bwo hagati mu gihugu inyuma y'imishamirano yavuyemwo ubwicanyi hagati y'abarimyi n'aborozi bo mu bwoko bw'aba Peul. Aho ni mu gihe, umuhari uharanira ubwigenge bwa Biafra wari umaze igihe utavugwa wasubiriye kwikangura. Inyuma y'imyaka ine Buhari ari ku butegetsi, Bwana Walker avuga ko abanya Nigeria benshi bibaza nimba koko ubwitonzi bwiwe aribwo bwo nyene bwoshobora kubungabunga ubusugire bwa Nigeria. Hagati aho, vyaragaragaye ko Buhari aterekwa igiturire mu myaka ine yose amaze ku butegetsi, imbonekarimwe mu bandi bategetsi ba Nigeria. Ariko, aragirizwa ko yamye ahohotera abatavuga rumwe n'intwaro yiwe abicishije mu kubagira ko amatohoza y'ibiturire. Ihagarikwa ry'umukuru wa sentare nkuru y'igihugu Onnoghen ryatumye abantu bihereza amabarabara Mu kwezi kwa mbere 2019, Bwana Buhari yarabogoje umukuru wa Sentare nkuru y'igihugu, Walter Onnoghen, kubera yanse kumenyesha umutungo wiwe imbere y'ugutangura amabanga yiwe mu 2017. Umwanya iyo ngingo yafatiweko warateye uruhagarara kuko yafashwe hasigaye indwi nkeya ngo habe amatora. Nk'umuntu yari ajejwe amategeko ku rwego rwo hejuru, umucamanza Onnoghen yari kugira uruhara rukomeye mu gutatura amatati yokwaduka mu gihe c'amatora. Ariko bwana Buhari yamiriye kure amakenga yashikirijwe n'abakurikirana amatora mvamakungu hamwe n'abanyepolitike batavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi, bashikiriza ko iryo bogozwa ryari rifitaniye isano n'amatora. Eka n'abo mu mugambwe wiwe witwa All Progressives Congress (APC) barerekanye ko batizeye ubutegetsi bwa Buhari. Mu 2018, umugambwe APC warahuye n'ibibazo vy'abategetsi bo hejuru muri uwo mugambwe bawiyonkoyeko, mbere n'abashingamateka batari bake bafata ingingo y'ukwigira mu mugambwe PDP. Mu 2016, umutambukanyi wiwe, Aisha Buhari, yabwiye igisata ca BBC Hausa ko akarwi kari ku rushi kaboheye amaboko imugongo intwaro y'umucance wiwe mu kugena abategerezwa kugenwa n'umukuru w'igihugu. Aisha Buhari yaranenze intwaro y'umucance wiwe Ukwo guhangarwa n'abamwegereye cane ntivyari bimenyerewe kandi n'ibintu bidahesha iteka umukuru w'igihugu yari yiyemeje kugwanya ka mwana wa mama. Mu kwishura ivyo birego, Bwana Buhari yavuze ko umutambukanyi wiwe « ari uwo mu gikoni », ivyo navyo bikaba ataco vyafasha mu kweza izina ryiwe mu makungu. Abasirikare n'ikimoko Bwana Buhari yavutse mu mwaka wa 1942 mu muryango munini w'aba Islamu mu ntara ya Katsina iri mu buraruko bw'igihugu. Mu kiganiro n'abamenyshamakuru mu 2012, agereranya ubuto bwiwe nk'uwashibuwe n'indogobwa vyagizwe na se wiwe hamwe na mwenewabo. Ahejeje amashure, yinjiye mw'ishure rya gisirikare, hanyuma aja mu gisirikare ca Nigeria inyuma y'uko ico gihugu cikuyeko Ubwongereza. Yabandanirije ivyigwa vyiwe vy'intwazangabo mu gihugu c'Ubwongereza. Inyuma y'imyaka itari mike, yashimiye ishure na kahise kiwe mu gisirikare ko ari vyo vyamutumye agira indero (discipline), akavuga ko izo nzego zamwigishije gukunda ibikorwa. Yabandanije atera intambwe mu gisirikare mu gihe cifatira ubutegetsi mu minwe kibicishije mu guhirika ubutegetsi (coups d'etat) kw'urutavanako. Kw'ipete rya koloneli, yayarakunzwe cane inyuma y'aho yirukaniye abasirikare b'igihugu ca Tchad bari bigaruriye amazinga ari mu kiyaga Tchad yegukira Nigeria. Mu mpera z'imyaka ya 1970, yaronkejwe amabanga y'ukorongora akarere k'uburaruko bushira ubuseruko. Ico caciye kimugira umushikiranganji ajejwe ibitoro ku ntwaro ya Olusegun Obasanjo, umukuru w'intwaro ya gisirikare yagiye gusubira kurongora igihugu inyuma y'imyaka cumi n'iyindi atowe n'abanyagihugu, ari nayo nzira Buhari yaje gufata. Jenerali Buhari yamaze amezi 20 ari umukuru w'igihugu mu ntwaro ya gisirikare mu myaka ya 1980 Mu mwaka wa 1983, yabaye umukuru w'igihugu abogoje intwaro ya Shehu Shagari yari yitorewe n'abanyagihugu. Mu nyuma Bwana Buhari yavuze ko ata ruhara yagize mw'iryo hirikwa ry'ubutegetsi, akavuga ko ryagizwe n'akarwi katashimye kwibonekeza, ivyo bikaba bitigeze vyemerwa. Intwaro yiwe yibukirwa ku bikorwa vy'ukurwanya igiturire n'ubugaba, be no kw'ihonyanga ry'agateka ka zina muntu. Abantu amajana n'amajana, harimwo abanyepolitike, abadandaza, abamenyeshamakuru barapfunzwe hisunzwe amategeko mpanavyaha. Intwaro yiwe kandi yarapfunze umucuraranzi rurangiranwa yanegura ubutegetsi, Fela Kuti, kumarementanya yagiriwe ku vyerekeye ikoreshwa ry'amahera y'agaciro. Ku mabarabara, abanya Nigeria bategetswe gutonda imirongo barindiriye amamodokari abunguruza, bacungerewe n'abasirikare bitwaje ibimoko, mu gihe abakozi ba leta bacerewe bamaramazwa mu maso y'abantu mu kubategeka gusimbasimba nk'igikere. Intwaro yiwe mu kubuza ibidandazwa vyinjira mu gihugu yatumye abantu batakaza ubuzi, amaduka nayo arugarwa, hatanguzwa n'ifaranga rishasha mu ntumbero yo kurwanya igiturire. Ibiciro vyaraduze, ubuzima burazimba. Inyuma y'amezi 20, Bwana Buhari yakuwe ku butegetsi n'irindi hirikwa ryakozwe n'umukuru w'ingabo, jenerali Ibrahim Babangida. N'aho yavuze ko yahindutse umuntu yubahiriza intwaro rusangi inyuma y'imyaka, Bwana Buhari aguma yemeza ko ihirikwa ry'ubutegetsi ryo mu mwaka wa 1983 ryari rikenewe kuko ngo abari batowe bari bataye igihugu mu manga. Bwana Buhari yubatse urwiwe incuro zibiri : ubwa mbere yubakanye na Safinatu Yusuf, mu nyuma yubakana na Aisha Halilu, akaba afise abana 10.