Isabel dos Santos: Uko umugore ukize muri Africa ‘yanyunyuje Angola’
Inyandiko z'ibanga zagaragaje uburyo umugore ukize kurusha abandi muri Africa yageze ku mutungo we mu kunyunyuza igihugu na ruswa.
Isabel Dos Santos w'imyaka 46 Forbes ivuga ko ari we mugore ukize kurusha abandi muri Africa Isabel dos Santos yagiye abona amasezerano y'inyungu z'umurengera arimo ubutaka, petrol, diyama n'iby'itumanaho mu gihe se yari perezida wa Angola, igihugu gikungahaye ku mutungo kamere. Izi nyandiko zerekana uburyo we n'umugabo we bemerewe kugura ibintu by'agaciro bya leta inshuro nyinshi mu masezerano akemangwa. Madamu Dos Santos avuga ko ibimuvugwaho byose ari ibinyoma bifite impamvu za politiki kandi bikorwa na guverinoma ya Angola. Uyu mukobwa mukuru w'uwari Perezida Dos Santos, ubu atuye mu Bwongereza ndetse afite ibintu byinshi by'agaciro mu mujyi wa Londres. Bivugwa ko ari gukorwaho iperereza n'abategetsi ba Angola kuri ruswa, n'imitungo ye mu gihugu yarafatiriwe. BBC Panorama yageze ku nyandiko zirenga 700,000 zivuga ku butunzi bwe bunini cyane. Nyinshi muri zo zabonywe n'ikitwa Platform to Protect Whistle-blowers izigeza ku ihuriro ryitwa International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ). Andrew Feinstein uyobora ikigo Corruption Watch avuga ko izi nyandiko zerekana uburyo Madamu Dos Santos yasahuye ibyari umutungo wa rubanda. Ati: "Buri gihe uko agaragaye ku rupapuro rwa mbere rwa magazine zibengerana ku isi, buri gihe uko yakiriye ibirori mu majyepfo y'Ubufaransa, ibyo abikora ahonyanga inzozi z'abaturage ba Angola". Iby'ibitoro (petrol) Amwe mu masezerano akemangwa yakorewe i Londres biciye mu ishami ryo mu Bwongereza rya Sonangol, kompanyi y'ubucuruzi bw'ibitoro ya leta ya Angola. Madamu Dos Santos mu 2016 yashyizwe ku buyobozi bwa Sonangol yari mu bihombo, uyu mwanya yawushyizweho na se Eduardo nawe wari mu bihe bya nyuma by'imyaka 38 ku butegetsi. Mu kwezi kwa cyenda 2017 ubwo Eduardo yavaga ku butegetsi, umukobwa we nawe nyuma y'amezi abiri yahise yirukanwa muri iyi kompanyi. Abanyangola benshi batunguwe n'uburyo Perezida mushya ari kwitwara mu bikorwa by'umuryango w'uwo yasimbuye nubwo bakomoka mu ishyaka rimwe. 30% by'abaturage ba Angola babayeho mu bukene aho batunzwe no munsi ya $2 ku munsi Izi nyandiko z'ibanga zerekana ko Madamu Dos Santos yavuye muri Sonangol amaze kwemeza ko kompanyi y'ubugenzuzi y'i Dubai yitwa Matter Business Solutions yishyurwa miliyoni $58 z'amadorari. We avuga ko nta nyungu y'amafaranga afite muri Matter, ariko izi nyandiko zerekana ko iyoborwa n'ushinzwe ubushabitsi bwe naho nyirayo akaba ari inshuti ye. BBC Panorama yamenye ko Matter yoherereje Sonangol inyandiko zishyuza (invoices) zirenga 50 i Londres ku munsi Dos Antos yirukanweho. Biboneka ko Madamu Dos Santos yemeje ko izo 'invoices' zishyurwa nyuma y'uko yirukanwe. Nubwo hari imirimo y'ubugenzuzi yari yakozwe na Matter, hari amakuru macye asobanura igiciro cy'umurengera cy'ako kazi. Inyandiko imwe yishyuza €472,196 ku kazi katavugwa, indi ikishyuza $928,517 ku kazi katagaragazwa neza k'ubufasha mu by'amategeko. Izindi nyandiko ebyiri zishyuza €676,339 buri imwe, zikishyuza akazi kamwe ku matariki amwe kandi Madamu Dos Santos yazisinyeho zombi. Abanyamategeko ba Matter Business Solutions bavuga ko iyi kompanyi yazanywe ngo ivugurure iby'ubucukuzi n'ubucuruzi bw'ibitoro muri Angola. Iyi kompanyi ivuga ko yishyuzaga akazi gatandukanye kakozwe n'izindi kompanyi nayo yabaga yahaye akazi, kandi ko ifite inyandiko zose zigaragaza ibyakozwe n'ibyishyujwe. Izi ni zimwe mu nyandiko zishyuza Dos Santos yasinye mu cyumweru cya nyuma mbere yo kwirukanwa Abanyamategeko ba Dos Antos bavuga ko ibikorwa byo kwishyura Matter byubahirije amategeko kandi atigeze yemeza kwishyurwa na kumwe nyuma yo kwirukanwa muri Sonangol. Bagira bati: "Ibyishyuwe byose biri mu masezerano yumvikanyweho n'impande zombi, amasezerano yemejwe n'inama y'ubutegetsi ya Sonangol". ICIJ na Panorama byagaragaje amakuru mashya ku masezerano yatumye Madamu Dos Antos aba umuherwe. Umutungo we munini ukomoka ku migabane ye muri kompanyi y'iby'ingugu yo muri Portugal yitwa Galp, imwe mu zo kompanyi ze zaguze na Sonangol mu 2006. Imigabane ye muri Galp ubu ibarirwa ku gaciro ka miliyoni €750. Iyi kompanyi yahawe inguzanyo na Sonangol ya za miliyoni z'amadorari yagombaga gutangira kwishyura nibura nyuma y'imyaka 11. Iyi kompanyi ya Madamu Dos Santos mu 2017 yasabye Sonangol ko yatangira kwishyura. Sonangol yaba yaranze ibyo gutangira kwishyurwa kuko uwishyura atashyiragamo hafi inyungu ya miliyoni €9 yagombaga gutanga. Isabel yasinye yemeza ko kompanyi ya leta yishyura hafi miliyoni 58$ Gusa icyo gihe Madamu Dos Santos yari akiri umuyobozi wa Sonangol, ariko yari yemeje uko kwishyura ideni rye n'ubundi. Hashize iminsi itandatu yarirukanywe, uko kwishyurwa gusubizwa Galp n'ubutegetsi bushya bwa Sonangol. Ibya Diyama No muri diyama ni inkuru nk'iyo. Umugabo wa Madamu Dos Santos yitwa Sindika Dokolo, mu 2012 uyu yasinye amasezerano na kompanyi leta ya Angola yitwa Sodiam itunganya diyama. Byari biteganyijwe ko impande zombi zigabana 50 - 50 igikorwa cyo kugura kompanyi itunganya imirimbo yo mu Busuwisi yitwa De Grisogono. Ariko byose byishyuwe na kompanyi ya leta. Izi nyandiko zerekana ko amezi 18 nyuma y'icyo gikorwa, Sodiam yarishye miliyoni $79 mu gihe Bwana Dokolo yashoye gusa miliyoni $4. Sodiam kandi yamuhaye miliyoni $5 nk'igihembo cyo kuba yarageze kuri ayo masezerano y'ubugure, bivuze ko nta mafaranga ye yakoresheje. Ayo masezerano ya diyama yo ashegesha abaturage ba Angola. Isabel Dos Santos n'umugabo we Sindika Dokolo bakunze kuboneka mu bikorwa by'imyidagaduro hamwe n'ibyamamare bikomeye ku isi Izi nyandiko zivuga ko Sodiam yagujije amafaranga yakoresheje muri aya masezerano muri banki yigenga yo Madamu Dos Santos abereye umunyamigabane mukuru. Sodiam yagombaga kwishyura 9% by'inyungu, iyo nguzanyo yemejwe n'iteka rya Perezida Eduardo, bivuze ko banki ya Madamu Dos Santos idashobora guhomba. Bravo da Rosa, umuyobozi mukuru mushya wa Sodiam, yabwiye Panorama ko abaturage ba Angola nta faranga na rimwe bavanye muri ayo masezerano. Ati: "Ahubwo twarangije kwishyura ya nguzanyo Sodiam imaze guhomba miliyoni $200." Perezida Eduardo kandi yahaye umukwe we (Dokolo) uburenganzira bwo kugura zimwe muri za diyama zidatunganyije za leta. Isabel dos Santos ni inde? Guverinoma ya Angola ivuga ko izo diyama zacurujwe ku giciro gito, Panorama yabonye amakuru ko hafi miliyari $1 yaburiwe irengero. Madamu Dos Santros yabwiye BBC ko ibyo ntacyo yabivugaho kuko atari umunyamigabane muri De Grisogono. Gusa inyandiko z'ibanga zasohotse zerekana ko ari umunyamigabane wa De Grisogono ahagarariwe n'abajyanama be mu by'imari. Bwana Dokolo nyuma yashyizemo amafaranga. Abanyamategeko be bavuga ko yashoye miliyoni $115 kandi ko kugura De Grisogono byari igitekerezo cye. Iby'ubutaka Izi nyandiko zerekana uko Madamu Dos Santos yaguze ubutaka bwa leta mu kwezi kwa cyenda 2017. Nanone ku mafaranga macyeya cyane. Kompanyi ye yaguze ubutaka bwa kilometero kare imwe mu mujyi wa Luanda ku iteka ryasinywe na se wari ukiri perezida. Iyi kompanyi ya leta ifite ishami mu Bowngereza aho amwe mu masezerano akemangwa yakoerwe Amasezerano y'ubugure avuga ko ubwo butaka bufite agaciro ka miliyoni $96 ariko izi nyandiko zerekana ko yishyuye 5% gusa nyuma yo kwemera ko agiye gushora imari aho mu iterambere. Panorama yakurikiranye bamwe mu baturage ba Angola basanzwe bavanywe kuri ubu butaka kugira ngo hashyirwe ibikorwa by'iterambere. Aba bavanywe kuri ubu butaka buri ku nkengero y'inyanja bajyanywa kuri 50Km uvuye i Luanda aho bubakiwe inzu zo kubamo. Teresa Vissapa yatakaje uturimo yakoraga kubera ibikorwa bya Madamu Dos Santos none ubu agowe no kurera abana be barindwi. Ati:"Ndasaba Imana gusa ngo rimwe azatekereze uko tubayeho. Birashoboka ko nta n'ibyo azi, ari turi mu magorwa." Madamu Dos Santos yanze kugira icyo avuga kuri ibi bikorwa byo kugura ubutaka bwo gukoraho ibikorwa by'iterambere no kwimura abantu. Gusa ntabwo ari yo masezerano y'ubutaka gusa yakoze yatumye abantu bavanwa mu byabo. Hari imiryango irenga 500 yavanywe ahandi hantu yari ituye hitegeye inyanja nyuma y'uko Isabel Dos Santos nawe yari mu mushinga w'ibikorwa by'iterambere aho hantu. Iyi miryango ubu ibayeho mu buzima bugoye hafi y'ikusanyirizo ry'imyanda muri Luanda. Madamu Dos Santos avuga ko nta bantu bimuwe n'imishinga ye kandi ko kompanyi ze zitishyuwe kuko imishinga y'iterambere yahagaritswe. Muri kompanyi z'itumanaho Uyu muherwe yavanye inyungu nini cyane muri kompanyi z'itumanaho muri Angola. Yagize imigabane ya 25% muri kompanyi nini mu gihugu, Unitel. Iyi yahawe uburenganzira bwo gukorera muri Angola na se mu 1999, umwaka wakurikiyeho nibwo Isabel yaguzemo iyo migabane. Unitel yamaze kumwishyura miliyari $1 nk'inyungu y'ishoramari rye, imigabane ye ibarirwa agaciro ka miliyari $1. Gusa ubwo sibwo buryo bwonyine abonamo 'cash' muri kompanyi zigenga. Yakoze ku buryo Unitel iguriza miliyoni $350 indi kompanyi yashinze yitwa Unitel International Holdings. Amazina y'iyi kompanyi yarimo urujijo kuko itari kompanyi ya Unitel kandi Madamu Dos Santos niwe wari nyirayo. Yasinye nk'uguza kandi nk'uguriza Inyandiko zerekana ko Madamu Dos Santos yasinye kuri iriya nguzanyo icya rimwe nk'uguza n'ugurizwa, ibintu bihabanye n'amategeko. Madamu Dos Santos yahakanye ko iyo nguzanyo itarimo ruswa. Ati: "Iyo nguzayo yemejwe n'abategetsi n'abanyamigabane b'impande zombi, kandi ni inguzanyo igenda yunguka imaze no kungukira Unitel". Kompanyi nyinshi ziri mu masezerano akemangwa zagenzurwaga n'abacungamari bakorera ikigo cy'imari Price Waterhouse Coopers (PWC). Iki kigo cyakuye za miliyoni nyinshi muri serivisi za 'auditing', 'consultance' n'ubujyanama mu misoro kuri kompanyi ze. Ariko PWC yahagaritse imikoranire na Isabel n'umuryango we, ni nyuma y'uko Panorama ibajije iyo kompanyi uko yafashije Dos Santos mu byamugejeje ku butunzi. Tom Keatinge, umuyoboiz wa 'Centre for Financial Crime and Security Studies' yabwiye Panorama ko PWC yagiye yerekana ko kompanyi za Dos Santos zizewe. PWC ubu ivuga ko iri gukora iperereza ku byakozwe n'abakozi bayo mu gihe bakoranaga na kompanyi za Dos Santos.