Ibimenyetso bya Covid-19 n'amakuru kuri iyi ndwara
Coronavirus ntabwo ikiri kure n'u Rwanda rwatangaje umuntu wa mbere kuri uyu wa gatandatu, hafi buri wese aribaza ko ari ikibazo cy'amasaha cyangwa iminsi igakwira henshi kurushaho, ariko ntukwiye gushya ubwoba. Dore impamvu:
Ubu bwoko bushya bwa coronavirus bwahawe izina rya Covid-19 buri mu bwoko bwa za virus, udukoko duto cyane tutaboneshwa amaso, bita corona. Utu dukoko turandura cyane ariko ntidutinda mu mubiri w'umuntu. Iyo tugeze mu muntu tujya mu mazuru, mu muhogo no mu bihaha tugatangira kuzahaza umubiri kimwe na virus isanzwe itera ibicurane bisanzwe. Yica ku ruhe rugero? Iyi virus irihuta cyane mu kwandura no kwiyongera ariko ingufu zayo mu kuzahaza umubiri kugeza ku rupfu rw'umuntu ziri hasi. Ku bantu bayandura ishobora kwica hagati ya 2% na 3% gusa byabo. Ibyago by'uko yakwica umuntu bifite gusa abantu bari hejuru y'imyaka 60 n'abantu basanzwe bafite ibindi bibazo by'ubuzima mu mubiri. Kuki yaciye igikuba? Ibihuha no kutagira amakuru nyayo ni byo bitera ubwoba abantu igikuba kigacika kuko iyo virus ari nshya abantu ntibaba bazi ubukana bwayo n'uko bayirinda. Ninyirwara izanyica? Oya. 80% by'abayirwara bagira ibimenyetso byayo (indwara itera) byoroheje kandi iyi virus igapfa (igashira mu mubiri wabo) mu gihe cy'ibyumweru bibiri. Mu maduka manini yo muri Kenya, isabune isukika iri kugurwa cyane mu rwego rwo gukaza ingamba z'isuku Nyinshi muri izi ndwara itera zisanzwe zivurwa zigakira iyo zivuwe kare. Itera izihe ndwara ku ruhe rugero? Abantu bakuze bagira ibyago kurushaho kuko ituma baremba kubera intege z'umubiri. Indwara itera, ku bantu bakiri bato cyangwa abana ibimenyetso byazo biba byoroheje. Abana se bo barayandura? Covid-19 biboneka ko ari gacye cyane ifata abana n'abo ifashe ibimenyetso byayo biba byoroheje. Mu bantu bose bamaze kuyandura ku isi, ishami ry'umuryango w'abibumbye ryita ku buzima (OMS/WHO) rivuga ko 2% gusa ari abantu bari munsi y'imyaka 18. Muri abo nabo, munsi ya 3% ni bo bagaragaje indwara iyi virus itera zazahaje bakaremba. Nonese yandura ite? Kimwe na virus itera ibicurane bisanzwe, iva ku muntu uyirwaye mumatembabuzi yose ava mu gukorora, kwitsamura, kwikora mu maso, ku munwa no ku mazuru ikajya ku muntu utarayanduye muri ubwo buryo. Yandurira kandi mu kwegerana cyane (nibura muri metero 1) n'uyifite cyangwa gukora ku bikoresho byakoreshejwe n'uyifite. Ishobora kwandurira mu biryo? Oya. Nta byemezo bya gihanga birahamya ibi. Ndetse na virus za corona zabanjirije iyi nka SARS na MERS byabonetse ko zitandurira mu biryo. Kurya inkoko cyangwa amagi byanduza? Oya. Nabyo nta bushakashatsi burabyemeza. Gusa abahanga bavuga ko ari byiza buri gihe guteka inyama n'amagi bigashya neza. Ndayirinda nte? Irinde gukora ku bantu benshi no kujya ahari abantu benshi. Ubu bwoko bushya bwa coronavirus bwahawe izina rya Covid-19 buri mu bwoko bwa za virus, udukoko duto cyane tutaboneshwa amaso, bita corona Irinde kwikorakora ku mazuru, amaso n'umunwa kuko mu gihe waba wakoze ku wayanduye cyangwa aho iyi virus iri ihita ikugeraho. Karaba intoki kenshi n'isabune kuko iyi virus yicwa n'amazi meza n'isabune mu gihe yaba iri ku ntoki zawe itaragera ku gicumbi cyayo (mu muhogo, mu mazuru, mu bihaha). Niba ucyeka ko waba warayanduye ishyire mu kato, uhamagare abaganga, bwa mbere byaba byiza kuri telefone. Ibimenyetso byayo… Ni umuriro, gukorora no kunanirwa guhumeka neza, bijya gusa n'iby'ibicurane (grippe/cold) bisanzwe, byo bishobora kugaragara hagati y'iminsi 2 na 14 iyi virus ikugezeho. Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso wishya ubwoba, ushobora gukoresha uburyo bwo kuzibura inzira z'ubuhumekero (steam) kabiri ku munsi, ukanywa amazi kenshi, ugakaraba intoki kenshi wirinda gukwiza virus, ukavugana n'abaganga kandi ugafata imiti baguhaye. Inkorora n'ibicurane ni bimwe mu bimenyetso by'ubu bwoko bushya bwa coronavirus Coronavirus uyirwaye ntakunze kuribwa mu muhogo (gapfura) kandi ntakunze kugira ikimyira mu mazuru (runny nose); ibyayo ni umuriro, gukorora no kunanirwa guhumeka neza. Nakwipimisha coronavirus ngize ibi bimenyetso? Cyangwa nanayipimisha gusa ngo menye uko mpagaze? Oya. Gupima coronavirus bikorwa gusa bisabwe n'abaganga igihe gusa umuntu yiswe ko "acyekwaho iyi ndwara". Kuki ahantu hose badapima iyi virus? Ibihugu byo mu karere ubu bimaze kugira ubushobozi bwo kuyipima, ariko ipimwa na 'laboratoires' nkeya zabugenewe gusa. Impamvu ni uko iyi virus yandura cyane bityo hateganywa za 'laboratoires' zifite ubushobozi bwo kugenzura izi virus. Izo ni 'laboratoires' zo ku rwego rwa "biosafety level 4"(BSL4), ni zo gusa zishobora gufata ibipimo bya Covid-19. Uwanduye iyi virus arayikira burundu? Yego. Kugeza ubu 80% by'abayanduye bayikira badakeneye ubuvuzi budasanzwe. Ibimenyetso byayo (umuriro, inkorora no kunanirwa guhumeka neza) ni byo bivurwa bigakira mu gihe iyi virus igenda ipfa mu mubiri igashira. Kimwe n'uko nta muti cyangwa urukingo biraboneka bivura virus itera ibicurane bisanzwe, coronavirus nayo ntirabonerwa umuti cyangwa urukingo. Kurya tungurusumu birayirinda? Nta bushakashatsi bwa siyansi bwemeza ko birinda iyi virus. Ikirere gishyushye kirinda ikwirakwira ryayo? Abahanga bemeza ko ubushyuhe n'imirasire y'izuba bigabanya ikwirakwira rya Covid-19. Iyi virus imara igihe kingana gite ku bintu yagezeho? Hagati y'amasaha 8 - 10 ku hantu horohereye nko ku giti kidatunganyije, iponji (sponge), igikarito, n'amasaha arenzeho kuri ayo ku hantu hakomeye nko ku kirahuri, plastike, icyuma, urubaho… Coronavirus igera mu matungo yo mu rugo? Nta bushakashatsi buragaragaza ko amatungo yororerwa cyangwa inyamaswa zo mu rugo birwara coronavirus. Gukorera akazi mu rugo aho kujya mu biro ni bumwe mu buryo bufasha kutanduza abandi Gusa ni byiza buri gihe gukaraba neza intoki mbere yo gukorakora ayo matungo n'inyamaswa. IBINTU BITATU BYO GUTSINDA IYI VIRUS KWIRINDA KURINDA ABO MUBANA KURINDA UMURYANGO MUGARI AHO URI Aya makuru ntasimbura inama z'abaganga, yegeranyjwe gusa ku bw'impamvu zo guha abantu amakuru kuri Covid-19. Yegeranyijwe hifashishijwe amakuru atangwa na OMS (WHO) n'ikigo cya leta y'Amerika Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.