Igitero kinini cyaganishije ku musozo w’intambara II y’isi cyagenze gite?
Imihango yo kwibuka ku nshuro ya 75 igitero cy'ingabo z'ibihugu byishyize hamwe cyaganishije intambara ya kabiri y'isi ku musozo iraba muri iki cyumweru.
Umwamikazi w'Ubwongereza, Perezida Donald Trump wa Amerika n'abandi bayobozi b'ibihugu bitabiriye mihango uyu munsi yabereye ahitwa Portsmouth mu Bwongereza. Iki gitero cyo mu kwezi kwa gatandatu mu 1944 cyagenze gite? Ingabo z'Ubwongereza, Amerika, Canada n'Ubufaransa zateye iz'Ubudage zari zikambitse muri Normandy mu majyaruguru y'Ubufaransa tariki 06 z'ukwezi kwa gatandatu mu 1944. Nicyo cyari igitero cya mbere kinini cyane cy'abarwanira mu mazi, mu kirere no ku butaka cyari gihuje izi ngabo z'ibihugu zifatanyije ngo zibohoze amajyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bw'uburayi yari yarafashwe n'ingabo z'abanazi ba Hitler. Iki gitero cyohereje ingabo zirenga ibihumbi ijana ku myaro itanu ya Normandy mu majyaruguru y'Ubufaransa. Ni igitero cyateguwe mu gihe cy'umwaka, cyagombaga kuba ku itariki nk'iyi ya gatanu z'ukwa gatandatu bizeye ko inyanja izaba ituje n'ukwezi kwazoye mu ijoro ariko haba imiraba n'umwijima bituma gikererezwaho amasaha 24 kiba tariki ya gatandatu. Uwo munsi byagenze bite? Indege zururukije ingabo zimwe inyuma y'ibirindiro by'umwanzi mu gihe amato ibihumbi nayo yariho asuka abasirikare ku myaro y'inyanja muri Normandy ngo rwambikane. Nubwo ingabo z'abadage zari ziteze iki gitero ntizatekerezaga ko kizaba kingana gutyo. Zahanganye n'amato yazanaga ingabo ku myaro itanu, ingabo za Amerika nizo zatakaje benshi mu mirwano yo kururutsa ingabo ku mwaro witwa Omaha. Nyuma y'imirwano n'ingabo z'abadage zababuzaga kugera ku mwaro uyu munsi warangiye ingabo z'ibi bihugu byishyize hamwe zibashije kugera neza ku butaka no gukomeza imbere mu gihugu. Ku myaro itanu ya Normandy hageze amato arenga 7,000 yazanye abasirikare bagera ku 156,000 b'ibi bihugu byishyize hamwe ndetse n'imodoka 10,000. Kugeza izi ngabo n'ibikoresho kuri iyi myaro ntibyari gushoboka hatari indege z'intambara n'amato abasha kurasa byarushanga imbaraga abadage. Kuri uyu munsi gusa abasirikare bagera ku 4,400 bo mu ngabo zishyize hamwe bahasize ubuzima, naho abagera ku 9,000 barakomereka abandi barabura. Ibihumbi byinshi by'abaturage b'Ubufaransa nabo barapfuye cyane cyane kubera ibisasu biremereye byaraswaga n'indege n'amato by'ingabo zishyize hamwe. Byagenze bite nyuma y'uyu munsi? Nubwo bari bamaze kwinjira mu Bufaransa iki gitero kinini cyane cyari gifite ibyago byo gusubizwa inyuma mu nyanja n'abadage mu gihe kidahise kitegura imirwano vuba vuba. Nicyo bakoze, bagiye bicamo ibice vuba begeranya imbaraga zabo mbere y'uko ingabo z'Ubudage zo zisuganya ngo zihangane n'igitero kingaga gutya batari biteze. Byagoye ingabo zishyize hamwe gufata imijyi inyuranye yo mu gace ka Normandy yari ifite imihanda mibi cyane kandi mito. Ariko kubera ubwinshi bwabo, ugereranyije n'abo barwanaga, bari no gufashwa n'ibitero by'indege zabo nyinshi babashije gutsinda abanazi - nubwo bahatakarije cyane. Izi ngabo z'ibihugu byishyize hamwe zakomeje kandi kugenda zongerwa mu Bufaransa. Byageze mu mpera z'ukwezi kwa munani mu 1944 ubwo umujyi wa Paris wafatwaga 10% by'abasirikare miliyoni ebyiri b'ibihugu byishyize hamwe boherejwe mu Bufaransa barishwe, barakomeretse cyangwa baraburiwe irengero. Nyuma yo kubona imbaraga zo kwishyira hamwe, hashize imyaka itatu (1947) Ubwongereza n'Ubufaransa byasinye amasezerano yo gutabarana mu gihe Ubudage bwatera kimwe muri byo. Aya masezerano yaje kwaguka ajyamo Amerika n'ibindi bihugu ubu bimaze kuba 29 (n'Ubudage bwaje kuyajyamo) avamo 'umuryango wo gutabarana w'ibihugu by'uburayi n'amerika' uzwi nka OTAN cyangwa NATO.