Dan Gertler: Umugabo uri ku ruhembe rw'ibirego bya ruswa mu bucukuzi muri DR Congo
Ubutegetsi bwa Joe Biden buherutse gusubizaho ibihano ku muherwe w'umunya-Israel Dan Gertler kubera ibirego bya ruswa nyinshi mu bucukuzi n'ubucuruzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro muri DR Congo. Umunyamakuru Franz Wild avuga ku buryo yazamutse n'imikoranire ye n'uwahoze ari Perezida Joseph Kabila, yatumye anagirwa umudipolomate wa DR Congo.
Dan Gertler, aha yafotorewe ku ruganda muri DR Congo mu 2012, yahanwe bwa mbere mu 2017 Mu 2017 ubwo Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika zashyiragaho bwa mbere ibihano kuri we, yahaye akazi umunyamategeko wa Donald Trump ngo bivanweho. Ibyo bihano byari byashyizweho kubera ibirego bya ruswa mu gukorana na Joseph Kabila wamufashije kubona imari nini mu bucuruzi bwa cobalt n'umuringa (copper/cuivre), ibyo aba bombi bo bahakana. Umuvugizi wa Gertler yavuze ko ibyo birego "byari bibogamye kandi bitari byo" yongeraho ko "nta kimenyetso na kimwe cyizewe cyari kibiherekeje". Byavanyweho na Trump Mu myaka irenga 20, Gertler, ugifite imyaka 47, yabaye umwe mu bantu bakomeye cyane mu bushabitsi muri DR Congo. Yari afite ijambo kuri kompanyi mpuzamahanga zahabwaga amahirwe yo gushora mu mutungo kamere w'umuringa, cobalt, tin, zahabu na diyama. Hari n'ubwo yabaye intumwa yihariye ya Kabika. Guha akazi umunyamategeko wa Trump witwa Alan Dershowitz nabyo byaramuhiriye. Mu minsi yabwo ya nyuma, ubutegetsi bwa Trump bwahaye Gertler icyo bwise 'icyangombwa mu bihano', cyamusubije uburenganzira ku mari ye yafatiriwe no kongera gukorana na banki mpuzamahanga mu mwaka umwe. Mu kwezi kwa gatatu, ibye byasubiwemo vuba vuba. Nyuma y'uko imiryango yamagana ruswa, abagize inteko ya Amerika n'abahoze mu bubanyi n'amahanga bamaganye icyo cyangombwa yahawe, Gertler yabaye urugero rwa mbere rw'ubushake bw'ubutegetsi bwa Biden kuri politiki mpuzamahanga irimo no kurwanya ruswa mpuzamahanga. Buvanaho kiriya cyangombwa. Ned Price, umuvugizi w'ibiro bishinzwe ububanyi n'amahanga bya Amerika, yagize ati: "Icyangombwa cyari cyahawe Gertler gihabanye n'inyungu za politiki ya Amerika yo kurwanya ruswa ku isi", yongeraho ko Gertler "yijanditse muri ruswa ikabije". Alan Dershowitz yavuze ko abategetsi bavanyeho icyo cyangombwa badahaye Gertler amahirwe yo kugaragaza ko ari kubahiriza ibyo yasabwe akemera igenzurwa no gutanga amakuru ku bushabitsi bwe. Ned Price yavuze ko ibihano kuri we "byari ingenzi mu gutuma DR Congo igira amahoro". DR Congo ifite umutungo kamere munini cyane, urimo na 60% bya cobalt iri ku isi Muri DR Congo, Gertler yakoraga nk'umuntu uri hagati y'iki gihugu na kompanyi mpuzamahanga, kandi agakagenzurira Kabila kompanyi zimwe, nk'uko itangazo ry'ibihano yafatiwe ribivuga. Kuva mu 2019 Félix Tshisekedi yajya ku butegetsi, akagenda aca intege ingufu za politiki za Kabila, Amerika nayo irashaka gucogoza Gertler. Yatumwe na Kabila kuri Bush Gertler, ukunda cyane umupira w'amaguru, avuka mu muryango uzwi mu bucuruzi bwa diyama i Tel Aviv, yageze bwa mbere muri DR Congo mu 1997, mbere gato y'uko se wa Kabila, Laurent Desiré, ajya ku butegetsi. Mu 2000, ubwo intambara yindi ya Congo yashoboraga gukuraho Kabila, Gertler yemeye gutanga miliyoni z'amadorari ngo bagure imbunda, nk'uko raporo ya ONU/UN ibivuga. Mu kumwishyura, yahawe rugari mu bucuruzi bwohereza hanze igice kinini cya diyama ya DR Congo. Gertler yaje no kugirirwa icyizere na Kabila muto, wari umaze kujya ku butegetsi asimbuye se wishwe mu 2001. Ushobora no gukunda izi: Ari mu ntambara n'inshuti ya Amerika, u Rwanda, Kabila yohereje Gertler i Washington gusaba Perezida George W Bush kubafasha. Nyuma y'ibiganiro birebire na Gertler, ubutegetsi bwa Bush bwemeye gufasha Kabila, haba amasezerano y'ubwumvikane hagati y'abarwanaga, biha imbaraga ubutegetsi bwa Kabila. Gertler nawe yahise agirwa 'consul' w'icyubahiro wa DR Congo muri Israel anahabwa pasiporo y'abadipolomate. 'Miliyoni $100 zishyuwe muri ruswa' Kompanyi zagenzurwaga na Gertler zahise zubura ibyangombwa byazo byo gucukura no gucuruza amabuye y'agaciro ya DR Congo. Kenshi, we yafashaga kompanyi zikomeye, nka Glencore yo mu Busuwisi na Och-Ziff Capital Management y'i New York, gushora mu mishinga minini y'amabuye y'agaciro, nawe akabiherwamo imari nini ku giti cye. Gertler kandi yakoze ibikorwa bitandukanye byo gushakisha ubutunzi kamere bwa Congo. Hari ubwo yohereje za kajugujugu ziriho ibyuma bicukura gushakisha amabuye y'agaciro kure cyane mu mashyamba y'inzitane ya DR Congo. Gusa yaje gusanga uwo mushinga uhenze kurusha ibivamo. Perezida Joseph Kabila (iburyo) yahaye ubutegetsi Félix Tshisekedi (ibumoso) mu kwezi kwa mbere 2019 Mbere y'uko Ochi-Ziff ishora imari hamwe na Gertler, yakoresheje igenzura ry'uko akora ubushabitsi bwe. Och-Ziff yabwiwe ko "akoresha imbaraga ze za politiki yahawe [na Kabila]... n'abantu be ba hafi, agafasha kubona ibintu runaka, gukemura impaka no kuburabuza abacyeba", nk'uko bivugwa n'ibiro bishinzwe ubutabera muri Amerika. Amazina ya Gertler na Kabila yagizwe ibanga n'itangazo ry'ibyo biro bya Amerika, ariko umwirondoro wabo waremejwe ku rundi ruhande. Mu bufatanye n'ubucamanza bwa Amerika, Och-Ziff yemeye ko Gertler yishyuye nibura miliyoni $100 za ruswa muri DR Congo, ibintu Gertler yahakanye. Uko ibihe bitambuka, ibibazo byakomeje kwibazwa ku buryo Gertler akora ibikorwa bye, nawe agatumira abanyamakuru akabereka uko imishinga ye yungura DR Congo, nubwo atashoboraga kuvuga ku birego bya ruswa. Urubuga rwe ruvuga ko "intego ye iteka ari ugufasha DR Congo gukira ibihe byo gusenyuka no kuzahura no kubaka ubukungu bukomeye kandi burambye". Ubutegetsi bushya Ibibazo byakomeje kuzamuka. Urubanza rwa Och-Ziff rwongereye amakuru arambuye ku biregwa Gertler. Raporo yasabwe na Africa Progress Panel ivuga ko DR Congo yahombye miliyari $1.36 mu bikorwa byarimo Gertler hagati ya 2010 na 2012 gusa. Amerika nayo yamufatiye ibihano. Nubwo yari muri ibyo bihano, indege bwite ya Gertler yakomeje gukora ingendo muri DR Congo. Mu gihe gukuraho ibihano bye bitamaze iminsi, birashoboka ko byamufashije gukemura ibibazo bimwe by'imari. Ikibazo kinini kizamubera kugumana imbaraga muri DR Congo aho yari yarabaye indakorwaho. Kuva yajya ku butegetsi mu myaka ibiri ishize, Perezida Tshisekedi yagiye aniga imbaraga za politiki z'uwo yasimbuye. Mu byumweru bishize, Tshisekedi yazanye abantu be gutegeka inteko na guverinoma. Ku Banyecongo benshi, Gertler ni ikimenyetso cya ruswa y'ibihe bya Kabila. Kuba yakomeza kuba umuntu ukomeye no ku butegetsi bushya bishobora kumubera ikibazo gikomeye.