Jerusalem: amakungu asaba ko imishamirano ihagarara
Ibihugu bitari bike bisaba ko ko imishamirano imaze imisi hagati y'abanya Israel n'abanyapalestina ihagarara.
Haraye imishamirano hagati y'umuhari Hamas n'igisirikare ca Israel Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, umuryango w'ibihugu vya Buraya n'Ubwongereza birasaba izi mpande zompi guhagarika imishamirano vuba bwango. Ibintu vyatanguye kwunyuka ku wa mbere igihe abarwanyi b'abanya Palestina batereye ibisasu vya roketi i Jerusalem. Mu kwihora, igisirikare ca Israel caciye gikora ibitero vy'indege mu karere ka Gaza. Abajejwe amagara y'abantu ba Palestina mu karere ka Gaza bavuga ko abantu 22, harimwo abana icenda, ari bo bishwe n'ivyo bitero vy'indege. Igisirikare ca Israel kivuga ko n'imiburiburi abantu 15 bari mu muhari Hamas urongoye Gaza bari mu bishwe. Umuhari Hamas uragabisha ko ushobora gutera inyuma y'aho abanyapalestina baharurwa mu majana bakomereyeke mu mishamirano hagati y'Abanyapalestina bari mu myiyerekano hamwe n'igiporisi ca Israel mu kibanza kimwe ceranda i Jerusalem ejo ku wa mbere. Umushikiranganji wa mbere wa Israel Benjamin Netanyahu avuga ko Hamas "yarenze umurongo utukura" kandi ko Israel izokwishura "n'inguvu zidasanzwe". Imisi mike iheze iranzwe n'imishamirano itari iherutse i Jerusalem, haciye imyaka itari mike, yaranzwe n'ugutana mu mitwe hagati y'igipolisi ca Israel n'abanyaPalestina bari mu myiyerekano ku nyubakwa iri mu kibanza ceranda i Jerusalem. Iri tana mu mitwe ryavuye kw'ishavu ry'Abanyapaletsina rigenda ryiyongera bivuye ku ngingo yo gushaka kwirukana imiryango y'abanyapalestina mu buseruko bwa Jerusalem kugira ngo ibibanza barimwo bihabwe abimukira b'abayahudi. Iyi ngingo yaje yunyura imishamirano yari imaze ukwezi hagati yabari mu myiyerekano n'abaporisi muri aka karere k'igisagara kiganjemwo Abarabu. Mu gaturuturu ko kuri uyu wa kabiri, ishirahamwe ryitaho imbabare muri Palestina Palestinian Red Crescent/Croissant-Rouge palestinien, rivuga ko Abanyapalestina barenga 700 bakomerekeye mu mishamirano n'abajejwe umutekano i Jerusalem no mu karere ka Cisjordanie/West Bank. Ibibombe vyabandanije ari urutavanako ijoro ryose ryakeye aho za rokete z'Abanyapalestina n'ibitero vy'indege vya Israel vyabandanije vyumvikana mu karere kose gushika no mu gatondo ko kuri uyu wa kabiri. Igisirikare ca Israel kivuga ko cateye ibirindiro 130 mu karere ka Gaza. Mu gitero kimwe, umugore umwe yishwe abandi babiri nabo barakomereka, nk'uko bivugwa n'abajejwe amagara y'abantu. Mu gatondo ko kuri uyu wa kabiri, BBC yahawe amakuru n'umwe mu barongoye umuhari Hamasa avuga ko za rokete zirenga 300 zatewe ziva muri Gaza mw'ijoro ryakeye. Amakungu avuga iki? Umunyamabanga wa reta ajejwe imigenderanire wa Amerika Antony Blinken avuga ko Hamas itegerezwa guhagarika "vuba bwango" ibitero vya rokete, yongerako ati: "Impande zompi zitegerezwa guhagarika imishamirano". Umuvugizi w'ibiro vy'umukuru w'igihugu, Jen Psaki, na we yasubiyemwo ayo majambo, avuga ko Joe Biden atewe umutima uhagaze n'iyi mishamirano. Mu butumwa yacishije ku rubuga rwa Twitter, umushikiranganji w'imigenderanire w'Ubwongereza Dominic Raab yavuze ko ibi bitero vya roketi "bitegerezwa guhagarara", asaba ko "ibitero ku ba sivire bihagarara". Umushikiranganji w'imigenderanire mu muryango w'ibihugu vya Buraya, Josep Borrell, avuga ko "iyi mishamirano ibandanya yiyongera" mu turere twa Cisjordanie, Gaza na Jerusalem y'Ubuseruko "bitegerezwa guhagarara vuba bwango". Ejo ku wa mbere, ibisasu vya rokete vyatewe i Jerusalem biva mu karere ka Gaza Umuvugizi w'ubu bushikiranganji avuga ati: "Kurasa roketi ziva muri Gaza zerekezwa ku basivire muri Israel ntibishobora kwihanganirwa kandi bituma ibintu vyunyuka". Ejo ku wa mbere, Inama nkuru ya ONU ijejwe umutekano kw'isi yarakoranye kugira yihweze iyi mishamirano, ariko nta tangazo yasohoye. Umwe mu bategetsi yabwiye itororokanirozo ry'amakuru Associated Press ko ONU, Misiri na Qatar bisanzwe birongoye ibiganiro hagati ya Israel na Hamas, biriko biragerageza guhagarika izi ntambara. Kubera iki Jerusalem ari intandaro ya vyose? Iki gisagara, n'ibibanza vyeranda vyaco vyose, ni co kibanza nyamukuru giteye impari mu ntambara imaze imyaka n'imyaka hagati ya Israel n'Abanyapalestina. Hampande y'ikibanza ifise muvyo kwemera kw'amadini, hari kandi n'ugushaka kwigarurira Jerusalem ku nyungu za poritike - bikaba bizwi ko Israel yigaruriye Jerusalem y'Ubuseruko maze ica ifata ko igisagara cose nk'umugwa mukuru wayo n'aho ibihugu nka vyose bitayemera. Abanyapalestina ku ruhande rwabo, bafata ko Jerusalem y'Ubuseruko ari yo izoba umugwa mukuru w'igihugu cabo mu gihe bazoba bamaze kwikukira. Inyubakwa iri ku gasozi ahabereye imishamirano ni ikibanza cubashwe cane n'abayahudi hamwe n'aba Islam. Ikibanza aba Islam bita Haram al-Sharif, ni ikibanza kigira gatatu mu bibanza vyubashwe mw'idini rya Islam. Ku ruhande rw'Abayahudi, ni ikibanza ceranda mw'idini ry'Abayahudi (Judaism) kuko kizwi nk'Umusozi w'Urusengero (Temple Mount/Mont du Temple), ikibanza kizwi ko ari co cariko rwa Rusengero rwa Jerusalem (Temple de Jerusalem) rwaturiwe n'umwami w'abami Titus mu 70. Ejo ku wa mbere, ibirori vyari bitegekanijwe n'abanya Israel aho hari hategekanijwe ko bagira urugendo bakazungurua mu turere tubamwo aba Islam i Jerusalem y'Ubuseruko vyarahagaritswe kugira ngo ntihabe imishamirano. Ibi birori vyari ivyitiriwe Umusi wahariwe Jerusalem (Jerusalem Day) bikaba vyari ivyo kwibuka igihe Abayahudi bigarurira Ubuseruko bwa Jerusalemu (East Jerusalem) muri ya ntambara y'imisi itandatu mu 1967. Abanyapalestina batari bake babifata nk'agasomborotso kateguwe n'ibigirankana, mu gihe kandi vyari biteguwe mu misi y'mpera z'ukwezi kweranda kwa Ramadan mw'idini rya Islam. Abaporisi ba Israel bateye ivyuka bikoroza amosozi Abanyapalestina bari mu myiyerekano mu gihe nabo babatera amabuye None ni ibiki vyoba bitera iyo migumuko? Icuka kibi cagiye kwiyongera kuva mu ntango z'ukwezi kweranda kwa Ramadan mw'idini rya Islam hagati mu kwezi kwa kane, aho hagiye hibonekeza ibintu vyinshi vyateye akaguma. Kuva Ramadan itanguye, hadutse imishamirano mw'ijoro, hagati y'igiporisi n'Abanyapalestina biyamiriza za bariyeri zababuza gukoranira hamwe ku mugoroba. Ishavu ry'Abanyapalestina ryagiye kuduzwa n'imyiyerekano y'intagondwa z'Abayahudi ziyamiriza amareresi yakwiragijwe ku mbuga hwaniro yerekana Abanyapalestina batera Abayahudi bo mw'idini ry'aba Orthodoxe muri ico gisagara, maze mu kwihora nabo baca basimbira ku Banyapalestina. Izi ndyane zirangwa mu Buseruko bwa Jerusalem zifise amamuko muri ya ntambara hagati ya Israel na Palestina, aho buri ruhande rwiyitirira aka karere. Mu 1980, Israel yigaruriye Jerusalem y'Ubuseruko, ingendo itashigikiwe n'ibihugu vyinshi kw'isi, maze ica ifata ko igisagara cose ari umugwa mukuru wayo. Abanyapalestina bavuga ko Jerusalem y'Ubuseruko ari umugwa mukuru w'igihugu cabo muri kazoza kimaze kwikukira.