Impamvu ibibazo bya Huawei bishingiye kuri Google biteye impungenge Afurika
Abasesenguzi babwiye BBC ko icyemezo cya Google cyo gufatira "software" ya Android ya Huawei kibonwa nk'intangiririro y'intambara y'ubutita mu ikoranabuhanga ishobora gutuma ibihugu by'Afurika - mu gihe kizaza - bihitamo hagati y'ikoranabuhanga ry'Amerika cyangwa iry'Ubushinwa.
Rimwe mu maduka acururizwamo telefone zigendanwa yo mu mujyi wa Kigali Kuri uyu wa gatatu, Song Liuping, umunyamategeko mukuru wa Huawei, yabwiye ikiganiro n'abanyamakuru ko guca iyi kompanyi muri Amerika "byatanga urugero rubi rutari rwarigeze rubaho mbere" kandi ko byagira ingaruka ku bakiliya babarirwa muri za miliyari. Benshi mu baturage b'Afurika bakoresha umurongo wa internet muri iki gihe, bishoboka ko bakoresha telefone igendanwa igezweho (smartphone) ikoreshwa umuyoboro wa internet wubatswe n'Ubushinwa, ndetse kenshi ugasanga warubatswe na kompanyi ya Huawei. Eric Olander, ukora mu kigo cyo muri Afurika y'epfo kiga ku Bushinwa n'Afurika, yagize ati: "Huawei yubatse ibikorwa-remezo byinshi by'ikoranabuhanga biri muri Afurika kuri ubu". "Rero Amerika niramuka ishoboye gukoma mu nkokora iyi kompanyi, ingaruka ziri imbere zizazahaza n'urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga rw'Afurika rutangiye gutera imbere, rushingiye kuri kompanyi kuri ubu idacana uwaka na Washington [Amerika]". Perezida Donald Trump w'Amerika ayoboye ubukangurambaga bwo gushishikariza ibihugu by'inshuti z'Amerika gucana umubano na Huawei. Avuga ko - mu mpamvu zindi atanga - ikoranabuhanga ry'iyi kompanyi riteje akaga ku mutekano kuko ryatuma leta y'Ubushinwa ikora ubutasi ku bakoresha Huawei. Huawei yakomeje guhakana ibyo birego. Huawei ni kompanyi ya kane mu zigurisha telefone zigendanwa zigezweho (smartphones) nyinshi muri Afurika, muri iri soko ryiganjemo telefone zikoresha Android Ubukangurambaga bwo kwamagana Huawei burangajwe imbere n'Amerika, nkuko bivugwa na Eric Schmidt wahoze ari umuyobozi mukuru wa Google, bushobora gutuma internet icikamo kabiri, hakabaho "iyobowe n'Ubushinwa n'itari iy'Ubushinwa iyobowe n'Amerika". Mu gihe ibyo byaramuka bibaye, Afurika ntikwiye kugira uruhande ibogamiraho, nkuko Harriet Kariuki, impuguke mu mubano w'Ubushinwa n'Afurika, yabibwiye BBC. Yagize ati: "Ntabwo ari urugamba rwacu, dukwiye ahubwo kwibanda ku kureba ikidushobokeye". Madamu Kariuki avuga ko ahubwo ibihugu by'Afurika bikwiye kwishyira hamwe bikigisha abaturage babyo k'uko ibintu bihagaze, akizera ko bishobora kumvikana hagati yabyo, nkuko bimeze mu muryango w'ubumwe bw'Uburayi, ku itegeko rirengera abaguzi b'ikoranabuhanga bo muri Afurika. Yongeyeho ati: "Igihe gishobora kuba kigeze ko Afurika ikora ikoranabuhanga ryayo rijyanye n'isoko ryayo, aho kuba abagurishwaho ikoranabuhanga. Ndashaka kubona ibihugu by'Afurika byishyira hamwe bigasubiza inyuma ubu bukoloni buri kwiyongera bw'ikoranabuhanga". 'Kwinjirira umuryango w'ubumwe bw'Afurika' Mu gihe impungenge za vuba aha kuri Huawei zibanze ku itumanaho mu bihugu by'i Burayi n'Amerika, hari n'ibirego byuko mbere hari ikibazo cy'umutekano w'itumanaho cyabayeho muri Afurika. Abanenga ibikorwa bya Huawei batanga urugero rw'inkuru yasohotse mu kinyamakuru Le Monde cyo mu Bufaransa mu kwezi kwa mbere k'umwaka ushize wa 2018, yavuze ko mudasobwa zo ku cyicaro cy'umuryango w'ubumwe bw'Afurika (AU) kiri Addis-Abeba muri Ethiopia zaba zarinjiriwe. Umuryango w'ubumwe bw'Afurika ukahana ko mudasobwa zawo za Huawei zinjiriwe Iryo perereza ry'icyo kinyamakuru rivuga ko izo mudasobwa zashyizwe aho na Huawei zari zimaze imyaka itanu, hagati y'amasaha ya saa sita z'ijoro na saa munani z'ijoro, amakuru yazo yoherezwaga muri kilometero zirenga 8000 uvuye aho - akajyanwa i Shanghai mu Bushinwa. Ibyo birego byahakanywe n'ubuyobozi bwa AU ndetse n'abategetsi b'Ubushinwa. Ibihugu by'Afurika, ndetse n'ibifitanye umubano wa hafi mu by'umutekano n'Amerika, ahanini byirinze kwinjira mu mpaka zijyanye na Huawei - kandi impamvu zirumvikana. Huawei ibifite ibikorwa byinshi muri Afurika, birimo no kuba ku mwanya wa kane muri kompanyi zigurisha telefone zigendanwa zigezweho (smartphones) nyinshi, inyuma y'indi kompanyi yo mu Bushinwa ya Transsion ikora telefone za Tecno na Infinix, ndetse na Samsung yo muri Koreya y'epfo. Uko ari enye, kuri ubu izo kompanyi zikoresha uburyo bwa Android bwa Google. Huawei kandi ihabwa n'amahirwe menshi yo gutsindira isoko ryo kubaka umurongo mugari wa internet ya 5G ku mugabane w'Afurika. Huawei muri Afurika Aho byavuye: Australian Strategic Policy Institute, Huawei, IDC None Afurika izahatirwa guhitamo hagati y'Amerika n'Ubushinwa? Iginio Gagliardone, wanditse igitabo kivuga ku Bushinwa n'Afurika n'ejo hazaza ha internet, yemera ko ubushyamirane buri hagati y'Ubushinwa n'Amerika bushobora kuba ari bwo butuma Huawei yongera ikoreshwa rya software ya Android mu gufasha isoko ryayo riri gutera imbere ryo muri Afurika. Ariko yabwiye BBC ko bitayihendukira cyangwa ngo biyorohere kubaka ubu bushobozi. Ko byanayikomerera kujyana muri Afurika uburyo bwa internet bufunganye bukoreshwa mu Bushinwa, bivuze ko byasaba abakiliya bayo gukoresha Baidu aho gukoresha Google, na Sina Weibo aho gukoresha Twitter. Ariko avuga ko uburyo bwa WeChat bukomatanya imbuga nkoranyambaga, bwo bushobora gukora muri Afurika. Bwana Gagliardone yagize ati: "Ibihugu by'Afurika ntibikwiye kugira uruhande bibogamiraho, mu by'ukuri byaba byiza muri iyi ntambara y'ubutita y'ikoranabuhanga [Afurika] ishoboye gushinga umuryango udafite aho ubogamiye wo kurengera inyungu zayo". Ariko, nkuko bivugwa na Fazlin Fransman wo mu kigo cy'ubushakashatsi cyo muri Afurika y'epfo cya Moja Research Institute, "iterambere muri internet no mu ikoranabuhanga [muri Afurika] ku ruhare runini ryatewe n'ishoramari rya kompanyi z'ikoranabuhanga zo mu Bushinwa". Ku bwa Madamu Fransman rero, Afurika yamaze gufata uruhande ibogamiyeho, uruhande rw'Ubushinwa.