'Guhanga udushya biba cyane mu myaka ya za 20 na 50 y'amavuko'
Niba warigeze wibaza impamvu utekereza cyane ibitekerezo bishya uri mu kigero cy'imyaka 20 y'amavuko, byashoboka ko uri mu gihe cya mbere muri bibiri umuntu anyuramo mu buzima bwe atekereza cyane ku guhanga udushya.
Ubushakashatsi bushya bwakozwe na Kaminuza ya Ohio State yo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika, bwasanze mu gihe cy'imyaka irenga gato 20 y'amavuko ari bwo ubwonko bwacu ku nshuro ya mbere buba bwiganjemo ibitekerezo byo guhanga udushya. Ubu bushakashatsi bwagenzuye abantu batsindiye igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel mu ishami ry'ubukungu mu bihe byashize. Bwasanze abakoze akazi kabo k'ingenzi mu gihe bari mu kigero cy'imyaka 20 y'amavuko, barakunze kuvamo "abahanga ibitekerezo" by'udushya. Rero urebye, ni nkaho urumuri rwabamurikiye muri icyo gihe, ubundi bagakurikira inzira ruberetse. Ariko ntuhangayike niba uri hafi kuzuza imyaka 30 y'amavuko ukaba nta gitekerezo cyo guhanga agashya wari wagira. Bamwe muri twe, nkuko ubu bushakashatsi bubivuga, tuzatangira kugira ibitekerezo byo guhanga udushya tugeze mu myaka ya za 50 y'amavuko. 'Natanze umusaruro cyane mu myaka yanjye ya za 20' Nana Jones Darko w'imyaka 24 y'amavuko, afite inzu yo kogosheramo (salon de coiffure) ikorera mu modoka, abakiliya bakogosherwa aho igeze. Nana Jones Darko Avuga ko yamye afite ibitekerezo byo gukora ubucuruzi, ariko ko ageze mu myaka ya za 20 y'amavuko ari bwo yiyumvisemo ibitekerezo byinshi cyane byo guhanga udushya. Yagize ati: "Ndacyakomeje kwihugura ku bijyanye n'ikoranabuhanga". "Ntekereza ko abantu bagufata nk'umuntu ukomeje kurushaho mu byo uvuga iyo nanone ukuzeho gacye - ndetse n'imbogamizi ziragabanuka - rero ibyo bifasha n'ubwonko bwawe gukora neza no gusukiranya ibitekerezo". Ariko kandi Nana avuga ko hari n'igitutu cyinshi kiba gituruka ku babyeyi n'urungano cyo kugira icyo ugeraho mu myaka ya za 20 y'amavuko, cyane cyane iyo udakurikiza uburyo "busanzwe" bwo kubona akazi (ahanini nyuma yo kurangiza amashuri). Yongeraho ko icyo gitutu gituruka no "ku byo ureba kuri televiziyo n'abakinnyi b'umupira w'amaguru bafite imyaka 20 y'amavuko bagahembwa ibihumbi 200 by'amapawundi buri cyumweru". "Ndemeza rwose ko haba hari igitutu cyo kugira icyo ugeraho mu buzima mu myaka ya za 20 y'amavuko". 'Nta rirarenga ngo uhange udushya' Niba utarashoboye kugera neza ku byo washakaga gukora mu ibyiruka ryawe, rero ugomba kwitegura igihe cya kabiri cyo mu buzima aho uba ufite ibitekerezo byinshi byo guhanga udushya - nkuko bikomeza bivugwa n'ubu bushakashatsi - kiza mu myaka ya za 50 y'amavuko. Igihe cyawe cya kabiri cyo guhanga udushya twinshi kizagera uri mu kigero cy'imyaka ya za 50 y'amavuko Porofeseri Weinberg wakoze ubu bushakashatsi agira ati: "Ubu bushakashatsi bugaragaza rwose ko hari abantu bahanga udushya dukomeye bakabikora neza cyane mu myaka yabo y'ubukure". "Kandi niba ibyo bitari kukubaho, ukaba utari mu bari guhanga udushya mu myaka yabo ya za 20 y'amavuko, ntibivuze ko utakora ibintu by'ingenzi cyane nyuma yaho". Nana avuga ko nyina ari umwe muri abo bahanga udushya mu myaka yigiye imbere. Avuga ko uwo mubyeyi we kuri ubu uri mu kigero cy'imyaka 50 y'amavuko, yatangiye ubucuruzi bwe. Ashinga amashuri yigisha ibijyanye n'imideli no kurimba. Porofeseri Weinberg avuga ko urubyiruko rwumva rugifite ibindi byo kugeraho rwakomereza aho.