Wari wageza ku myaka 40? Uyu munsi niyo Obiang Nguema amaze ku butegetsi
Ku itariki nk'iyi z'ukwezi kwa munani mu 1979 nibwo Perezida Teodoro Obiang Nguema yafashe ubutegetsi muri Equatorial Guinea ahiritse nyirarume akanamucira urwo gupfa, imyaka 40 irashize.
Umuntu umwe, imyaka 40 ku butegetsi Imibare y'umuryango w'abibumbye yo muri uku kwezi ivuga ko abaturage ba Guinea ari miliyoni 1,3. Imibare yo mu kwezi kwa mbere 2018 ya 'CIA World Fact book' ivuga ko 72% by'abatuye iki gihugu bari munsi y'imyaka 40. Abo bose bavutse basanga Bwana Nguema ari Perezida. Icyegeranyo cya African Institute for Development Policy kivuga ko abaturage 70% muri Afurika batarageza imyaka 40. Aba nabo bavutse basanga uyu mugabo ari Perezida. Tariki 03/08/1979 Obiang Nguema wari umusirikare w'umwofisiye yafashe ubutegetsi, mu 1982 yatowe mu matora kuri manda ya mbere y'imyaka irindwi ari umukandida rukumbi. Mu 1989 yatorewe manda ya kabiri, mu 1996 atorerwa iya gatatu, mu 2002 atorerwa iya kane. Aha hose yagiraga amajwi ari hejuru ya 95%. Mu matora ya 2002 hari agace ko muri iki gihugu aho batangaje ko yatowe ku majwi 103%, abatavuga rumwe nawe bavuze ko ari ikimenyetso cy'uburyo aya matora akoranwa uburiganya. Mu 2009 nabwo yatsinze amatora n'amajwi 97%, aheruka gutorwa mu 2016 aho yatsinze ku majwi hafi 94%. Inshuro zose bitabaga byemewe, itegeko nshinga ryagiye rivugururwa kugira ngo ritaba inzitizi. Nta burenganzira bwo kumunenga Perezida Obiang Nguema avugwaho kutihanganira amajwi anenga ubutegetsi bwe. Ejo kuwa gatanu ishyaka rikomeye ritavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi Citizens for Innovation (CI) ryasohoye itangazo rihamagarira amahanga kumuha akato. Mu kwezi kwa kabiri umwaka ushize iri shyaka CI abategetsi muri iki gihugu barivanye mu yemewe n'amategeko, nyamara ryari riherutse gutsindira umwanya mu nteko. Mu 2016 yatowe ku majwi 93,7% Abarwanashyaka ba CI 21, barimo n'umwe rukumbi wari wabashije gutorerwa kujya mu nteko, bakatiwe gufungwa imyaka 30 bashinjwa 'guhamagarira rubanda guteza imvururu no gusagarira abategetsi'. Mu 2006, ikinyamakuru cyigenga Der Spiegel cyo mu Budage cyasubiyemo amagambo yavuzwe na Perezida Nguema agira ati: "Abatavugarumwe natwe bafite ubuhe burenganzira bwo kunenga ibikorwa bya guverinoma?" Imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu ivuga ko muri Equatorial Guinea nta tangazamakuru ryigenga rihari, ko ibinyamakuru byigenga bihari ari iby'abafite aho bahuriye n'ubutegetsi cyangwa na Perezida ubwe. Igihugu cy'ubukire n'ubusumbane Iki gihugu rukumbi cyo munsi y'ubutayu bwa Sahara cyakoronijwe na Espagne (Spain), cyahoze gikennye cyane kugeza mu myaka ya 1990 ubwo cyabonaga zahabu y'umukara (petrol) mu butaka bwacyo. Kuva mu 1995 ubukungu bw'iki gihugu bwarazamutse cyane kubera ubucuruzi bwa petrol, nubwo ari igihugu kirutaho gatoya u Burundi mu bunini, cyabaye igihugu cya gatatu muri Afurika gicuruza Petrol nyinshi nyuma ya Nigeria na Angola. Imyaka 40 ku butegetsi yamugwirije ubukungu, Forbes magazine ivuga ko Perezida Nguema ubutunzi bwe bubarirwa kuri miliyoni $600, ni umwe mu bategetsi b'ibihugu bakize ku isi. Borgen magazine yandika ku bukene n'inzara ku isi, ivuga ko minisitiri w'ubuhinzi muri iki gihugu mu 2014 yahembwaga umushahara wa $100,000 ku kwezi (ni hafi miliyoni 100 y'u Rwanda). Ku cyegeranyo cya 2018 cy'umuryango w'abibumbye cyitwa 'Human Development Index' kigaragaza imibereho, uburezi n'ubukungu bw'abaturage, Equatorial Guinea ni iya 141 mu bihugu 189. Yibaza uburenganzira abatavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi bafite bwo kunenga ibikorwa bya guverinoma Mu myaka 40 igihugu ayoboye gihagaze he? Banki y'isi ivuga ko 90% by'ubukungu (GDP) bw'iki gihugu bushingiye kuri petrol, gusa kuva mu 2014 bwatangiye kuzahara kubera igabanuka ry'igiciro cyayo. Iyi banki ivuga ko kubera ubusumbane bw'ubukungu mu baturage, abarenga 70% babaho mu bukene. CIA World Fact book ikavuga ko abagera kuri 40% babaho munsi y'umurongo w'ubukene (batunzwe n'atarenga $1,9 ku munsi). Ku rutonde rw'uko ruswa ihagaze mu bihugu bahereye ku hari nkeya ku isi (Corruption Perceptions Index 2018), rukorwa na Transparency International iki gihugu ni cya 172 mu bihugu 180. Perezida Teodoro Obiang Nguema Basogo mu myaka amaze ku butegetsi ba minisitiri b'intebe icyenda bamuciye imbere. Kuva mu 2016 umuhungu we Teodoro Nguema Obiang Mangue bita Teodorin niwe Visi Perezida. Mu gihugu baturanye muri Cameroun, Perezida Paul Biya amaze imyaka 44 ku butegetsi.