Gushira ahabona amabi yakozwe mu buja vyogabanya ivangura mu Bwongereza?
"Ubuja. Si ikosa ryawe, ntiwumve ko wewe wagotse. Ariko, ni ikibazo dutegerezwa gutorera umuti".
Kush, umwana w'imyaka 16, avuga ko bamwe mu bagenzi biwe bumva ko "ba sokuruza babo aribo batumye haba" urudandazwa rw'abantu nk'abaja. Avugana na Radio 1 mu kiganiro Newsbeat mu Bwongereza ku munsi mukuru w'ukwibuka ubuja mu gisagara ca Londres, yavuze ko yumva y'uko ataco yokwiyagiriza - ariko ko ari nkenerwa cane ko ako kahise kobandanya kigishwa. Iciyumviro c'ukwubaka inzu ndangamurage nshasha ku mugwa mukuru yerekana ibijanye n'urudandazwa rw'abantu nk'abaja carashikirijwe n'umurwi uvuga ko ico ciyumviro gishobora gufasha kugabanya ivangura rishingiye ku rukoba. Abanya Afrika baharurwa mu mamiliyoni barafashwe batwarwa kudandazwa nk'abaja hagati y'ibinjana vya 16 na 19. Kush yemera ko kuvuga ivyabaye muri kahise bishobora gufasha gutorera inyishu y'ibibazo bihari ubu. "Ivangura rishingiye ku rukoba ryavuye ku buja kandi ni ikibazo gikomeye muri kino gihe - mugabo kwemera ko ari ikintu kihari kandi tukemera ko dufise ubushobozi bwo kugihindura, birashobora gutuma hahinduka ibitari bike mu gihugu cacu". Kush w'imyaka 16 avuga ko uwo ari we wese akeneye kuvuga ibijanye n'ubuja 'Twese turazi ayo mabi, ariko kandi hari n'ukwirwanako' Toyin Agbetu ari mw'ishirahamwe ry'Ubwongereza, The Ligali, ryishinze kurwanira agateka k'abanya Afrika avuga ati: "Mu gihe tuvuga ibijanye n'ubuja, tubivuga dufatiye kubabukorewe". Toyin yari yifatanije n'abandi ku munsi wiswe Sankofa Day wahariwe kwibuka ayo mabi, akaba yarafashe n'ijambo. Avuga ko abantu batoguma berekana gusa "ibibi" vy'ubuja, ariko ko banakwiye n'ukwerekana "ukuntu abantu birwanyeko" bakaniga "n'ubundi buhinga". Avuga ati: "Abantu bamaze ibinjana bakubagurwa, banyuruzwa, bongera bicwa ariko barirwanyeko kandi babandanya birwanako gushika uyu munsi. "Ntidukeneye kwama tuvuga ibintu bica ivutu abana gushika aho bibaza bati : 'Kubera iki ntegerezwa kwama niga ibijanye n'ubuja mu gihe nzi ko abasokuru aribo bagizwe abaja?' "Ariko ubu ndiko ndiga ko abasokuru bagizwe abaja bavamwo barirwanira baba abantu b'intwari kandi barakora ibintu bikomeye". Iciyumviro c'ukwubaka inzu ndangamurabe i Londres kivuga iki? Urwandiko rwasaba ko urudandazwa rw'abantu nk'abaja ruhagarara mu mwaka wa 1826 Iciyumviro c'ukwubaka inzu ndangamurage yerekana ibijanye n'ubuja i Londres cazanywe n'ishirahamwe ryitwa Fabian Society/Société fabienne. Rivuga ko hari abanyagihugu ba Londres babandanya bakorerwa ivangura rishingiye ku rukoba kubera "imyaka ibinjana bamaze bumva amajambo yabafata ko ari ubwoko bwo hasi". Rivuga ko inzu ndangamurage yofasha mu guhindura ibintu biciye mu nyigisho. Iryo shirahamwe rivuga kandi ko leta y'Ubwongereza n'igisata c'ubutunzi i Londres "ari ngombwa ko bifasha mu gutanga amahera kugira ngo iyo nzu yubakwe". Umukuru w'igisagara ca Londres Sadiq Khan arashigikiye ico ciyumviro, akavuga ati: "Gutahura uruhara rw'Ubwongereza mw'igurishwa ry'abantu nk'abaja birashobora gutsimbataza icemezo cacu c'ukurwanya ivangura rishingiye ku rukoba be n'amacakubiri ayo ari yo yose". Inzu ndangamurage London Docklands irafise ikibanza c'iratiro citwa Londres, Isukari n'Ubuja, mu gihe igisagara ca Liverpool gifise inzu ndangakaranga mpuzamakungu yerekana ibijanye n'ubuja. Umuvugizi w'igisata kijanye n'ubuhinga, imicokama, kumenyesha amakuru n'inkino avuga ko leta itanga "imiliyozi zirenga 19 z'amapawundi ku mwaka" ihereza amazu ndangamurabe mu gisagara ca Liverpool, ahasanzwe hari iyo nzu ndangakaranga mpuzamakungu yerekana ibijanye n'ubuja. Leta ivuga kandi ko ifasha ayandi mazu ndangamurage "avuga ibijanye n'uruhara Ubwongereza bwagize mw'ishora ry'abantu nk'abaja". 'Hari ibitegerezwa guhinduka' Toyin Agbetu avuga ko ashigikiye ko haba iyo nzu, ariko akavuga ko "adashigikiye iciyumviro c'uko akahise kose ka Afrika kaba ak'abantu bagowe". Avuga ko inyigisho zitangwa mu mashure kuri ako kahise zikeneye guhinduka. Ingene inyigisho zitunganijwe, ni uko abana mu Bwongereza biga ibijanye n'ivyaranze ingoma y'Ubwongereza, harimwo n'ibijanye "n'ingaruka" z'urudandazwa rw'abantu nk'abaja rwakozwe n'Ubwongereza hamwe n'ingene "rwagiye guhagrikwa". Toyin avuga ko hari ibintu vyabaye mu ntumbero y'uguhagrika ubuja - n'imigumuko ishingiye kw'isukari. Inzandiko ziharurwa mu bihumbi zarasohowe zisaba abantu guheba kugura isukari yimbuwe n'abagizwe abaja - ivyo bikaba vyatumye haba ikena rikomeye ry'isukari ku masoko. "Uravye kahise kavuga ibijanye n'ubuja, wumva abantu bakiri bato mu Bwongereza bivugira ngo 'Ivyo ntavyo nemera' - ico kintu n'ukuri kirakomeye". Hariho kandi amakuru menshi avuga ingene abari bagizwe abaja bagumutse mu bigwa vya Caraibes vyari mu minwe y'Abongereza, Abafaransa, Aba Espanyole n'Abaholande. Imigumuko ikomeye yabaye mu gice ca Saint Domingue cari mu minwe y'Abafaransa - ari nayo yatumye havuka igihugu ca Haiti mu mwaka wa 1804. Kuri we ivyo bitegerezwa kwigishwa. None urudandazwa rw'abantu nk'abaja ni iki? Mu kiringo c'imyaka 400, amamiliyoni n'amamiliyoni y'abantu baranyurujwe bakuwe mu mihana yabo muri Afrika bajanwa kudandazwa. Abantu bapakirwa nk'imizigo, badahema neza, ata n'amazi bahabwa batanagaburirwa. Abatari bake bapfiriye mu nzira. Abashitse bakoreshejwe mu mirima y'ibikaju, itabi n'ipampa. Urwo rudandazwa mpuzamabahari rw'abaja rwakorwa n'Ubwongereza rwagiye kurangira mu mwaka wa 1807, ariko ntirwashotse ruhera mu bihugu vyose vyatwarwa n'ingoma y'Ubwongereza, rukaba rwarabandanije gushika mu 1834. Umunyapolitike w'umwongereza, William Wilberforce, ari mu batumye urwo rudandazwa rw'abantu rugenda rurahagarikwa buke buke.