Somalia: Al-Shabaab 'yinjiza amafaranga menshi gusumba leta'
Ikoresheje iterabwoba, umuhari ugendera ku vyiyumviro bikaze vy'idini rya Isilamu muri Somalia, Al-Shabaab iregeranya amafaranga nk'uko leta y'iki gihugu nayo ibikora, ibi bikaba biri mu cegeranyo .
Al-Shabab imaze imyaka irenga cumi irwanya leta ya Somalia ishigikiwe n'amakungu ifise icicaro i Mogadishu Uyu murwi wegeranya n'imiburiburi imiliyoni 15 z'amadorari ya Amerika ku kwezi, aho ayarenga igice aya ava ku mugwa mukuru Mogadishu, nk'uko bivugwa n'ikigo Hiraal Institute giharanira amahoro muri Somalia. Bamwe mu barwizatunga batanga hose, ni ukuvuga ko bahereza amafaranga uyu muhari hamwe na leta ifashwe mu mugongo n'amakungu. Al-Shabab iramaze imyaka irenga cumi irwanya iyi leta. Uturere two mu bumanuko no hagati muri Somalia tugenzurwa n'uyu muhari, ariko ukaba waranashoboye no kwagura ubutegetsi bwawo mu turere tugenzurwa na leta ifise icicaro i Mogadishu. Iki cegeranyo kivuga ko uburyo uyu muhari utoza amafaranga mu banyagihugu ari "ubugome". Kivuga kiti: "Ubwoba hamwe n'iterabwoba rituma batinya kuhasiga ubuzima nivyo vyo nyene bituma Al-Shabaab ironka amafaranga". Nk'uko ikigo Hiraal Institute kibivuga, al-Shabab "iziganya amafaranga menshi" kubera ko ayo yegeranya yiyongera buri mwaka, mu gihe ivyo iyakoresha bitiyongera, ariko kuri leta siko bimeze. Iki cegeranyo kivuga ko, cisunze ibiganiro cagiranye n'abanywanyi ba Al-Shabaab, abarwizatunga, abakozi ba leta n'abandi bategetsi ba Somalia, amakompanyi makuru makuru yose muri Somalia ategerezwa gutanga amafaranga muri Al-Shabaab, kuva ku yo bategerezwa gutanga buri kwezi gushika ku ntererano izwi nka "zakat" isanzwe itangwa buri mwaka, ku rugero rw'ibice 2.5% vy'inyungu ku mwaka wose. Abarwizatunga bakorera mu burere bugenzurwa na leta baridoga ko bategerzwa kuriha amafaranga muri Al-Shabaab co kimwe no muri leta. Muri aba harimwo n'abakorera hafi y'ibiro vy'umukuru w'igihugu Villa Somalia i Mogadishu, hamwe no mu bisagara vya Bossasso na Jowhar, eka no mu bice vya Kismayo na Baidoa, ubu burere bwose bukaba buri mu minwe ya leta. Ikivuko ca Mogadishu niryo soko nyamukuru ry'amafaranga akoreshwa na leta ya Somalia. Ariko ibidandazwa vyinjizwa mu gihugu bitegerezwa kurihishwa kandi ikori na Al-Shabaab. Ikigo Hiraal Institute kivuga ko abakozi ba leta benshi bategerezwa gutanga igice c'imishahara wabo muri al-Shabaab kugira ngo ntihave ibatera. Abakozi ba leta n'abandi bakozi bakorera mu turere tugenzurwa na leta na bo nyene basigura ko uyu muhari ubarondera kuma terefone ngendanwa ukabategeka gutanga amafaranga. Intwazangabo mu gisirikare nayo yatanze amafaranga muri al-Shabab Mu burere bugenzurwa na al-Shabab, abatozakori bayo nibo bishikirira abarwizatunga bakabategeka gutanga amafaranga. Intwazangabo mu gisirikare ca Somalia asigura ingene "yarungitse amahera muri al-Shabaab kandi ariko arayirwanya". Uyu musirikare avuga ingene umugabo yariko aramwubakira inzu yahagaritse ibikorwa vyo kwubaka aca arigira kubera iyi ntwazangabo yanse gutanga amafaranga muri al-Shabaab. Amamodoka yatwara ibikoresho mu kibanza c'urwubako nayo nyene yarahagaritse gusubira muri ico kibanza inyuma y'aho na yo nyene ategekewe kuriha. Iyi ntwazangabo ivuga iti: "Amaherezo yavyo, nategetswe guhagarika ibikorwa vyo kwubaka canke kuriha amafaranga muri al-Shabab". "N'aho bibabaje, vyabaye ngombwa ko ndabaha amadorari 3.600 inzu yanje ibona kwuzura". Iki cegeranyo kivuga ko uyu muhari ukurikiranira hafi cane igisata c'ubwubatsi kiriko kiraduga cane nk'uko babikora ku bicuruzwa vyinjira bivuye hanze. Umukozi wo mu gisata c'ubwubatsi mu gisagara ca Kismayo kiri ku mweha w;ikiyaga Gitukura arasigura ingene bagenziwe bahamagarwa n'uyu muhari, "ukabereka amafaranga yose bakoresheje hanyuma bagaca bategekwa kuriha amafaranga kanaka baciriwe ata guhigimanga - kandi bakayariha uko al-Shabaab itegetse". Al-Shabab ibandanya ikora ibitero vy'amabombe, harimwo na kino co mu 2019 Nk'umuhari ukora nka leta, al-Shabab ni rwo rwego rwonyene rwegeranya amafaranga mu mitumba ya ruguru. Ishiraho imisoro ku bitungwa, ku vyimburwa mbere no ku mazi akoreshwa. Uyu muhari usigura ingene, mu turere ugenzura, abarimyi bonyene bariha amazi yo kuvomera ari bo bafise uburenganzira bwo gukoresha inzuzi n'imigezi kugira ngo bavomere imirima yabo. Umurimyi umwe aridoga ko yategetswe kuriha ikori "kugira ngo akoreshe tingatinga yiwe" n'aho itari igishoboye gukora kubera ibibazo vy'ubuhinga. 'Kuriha ku nguvu' Abarwizatunga bose, abakozi ba leta hamwe n'abandi bakozi bose batanga amafaranga muri Al-Shabaab babwiye abashakashatsi ba Hiraal ko ibi babikora kubera ubwoba. "Mu kwishura amakori ategekwa na Al-Shabaab ntabwo tubikora ku bushake" Abaramutse bavyanse bashobora kwicwa, canke bagategekwa guhagarika ibikorwa vyabo canke naho bikaba ngombwa ko bahunga igihugu. Bamwe babona ko ari vyiza ko batanga amafaranga muri Al-Shabaab kuko baronka inyungu. Abarwanyi bafise ubushobozi bwo gushobora gukingira umutekano wabo, ariko siko bimeze kuri leta. "Imisoro irishwe kumabariyeri ya al-Shabab atuma umuntu arengana ata ngorane mu turere twose turi mu minwe ya Al-Shabab co kimwe no mu turere tugenzurwa na leta ariko abarwanyi ba al-Shabaab bakaba bakorerayo". Iki cegeranyo gisobanura ko abarwanyi b'uyu muhari buzuriza abarwizatunga batase, mbere bakagenzura umwimbu w'ibiterwa njabukamazi bimwe bimwe nk'indimu. Hiraal ivuga ko inzira yonyene ishobora kubuza uyu muhari kuronka amafaranga muri buno buryo ari ugukomeza umutekano, kugira ngo abarwizatunga hamwe n'abandi bose bashobore kurangura ibikorwa vyabo al-Shabaab itabinjiriye. Kubona uyu muhari washoboye kubaho mu kiringo kirenga imyaka cumi kandi ubandanya gutegura ibitero mu turere tugenzurwa na leta, bishobora kuba biboneka ko uzobandanya wegeranya amafaranga, aho bari hose muri Somalia, mu gihe runaka muri kazoza.