Ingabo zidasanzwe za Australia zagirizwa kwica abasivire muri Afghanistani
Hari ivyemezo nyavyo vyerekana ko ingabo zidasanzwe za Australia zishe mu buryo buteye kubiri n'amategeko abantu 39 mu gihe c'intambara muri Afghanistani, nk'uko biri mu cegeranyo cari kirindiranywe igishika.
Igisirikare ca Australia, Australian Defence Force (ADF), cerekanye ivyavuye mu matohoza yari amaze imyaka ine ku nyifato itabereye y'ingabo zaco. Kivuga ko igipolisi gitegerezwa gukora amatohoza ku bantu 19 bahoze canke bari mu ngabo zidasanzwe kuri ubu bwicanyi bwakorewe "impfungwa, abarimyi canke abasivire" hagati ya 2009 na 2013. ADF ivuga ko ibi vyaha vyakozwe kubera "akageso k'uburwanyi" kari mu basirikare bamwe bamwe bananiwe kwigumya. Muri rino tohoza, Jenerali-Majoro Paul Brereton yarikoze yavuganye n'ivyabona birenga 400. Vyabonetse ko: Afghanistani ivuga ko Australia yayijeje ko yiyemeje "gushira imbere y'ubutungane" ababikoze. Dr. Samantha Crompvoets yakoze amatohoza y'intangamarara kuri ibi vyaha, yabwiye BBC ko vyakozwe "n'ibigirankana, bikorwa incuro nyinshi kandi ko ari ivyaha vyo mu ntambara", kandi ko iki cegeranyo camurenganuye. Australia ifise ingabo muri Afghanistani kuva mu 2002, inyuma y'itembagazwa ry'ubutegetsi bw'abatalibani, mu ntambara yari iyobowe na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Mu ntango, igikorwa c'ingabo mpuzamakungu cari ukwigisha ingabo za Afghanistani, ariko rero mu nyuma zikaba zagiye zigira uruhara mu gikorwa co kurwanya inyeshamba. None iki cegeranyo kivuga iki? Kivuga ko abasirikare 25 bo mu ngabo zidasanzwe bagize uruhara mu bwicanyi ndengerabutungane bo nyene ubwabo canke "batumye abandi", mu vyaha bitandukanye 23. Kivuga ko ivyaha 36 ari vyo bitegerezwa gukorwako amatohoza. Umukuru w'igisirikare ca Australia, Angus Campbell, avuga ko hari ivyemezo ko abasirikare bamwe bo mu gisata kirwanira mu kirere, Special Air Service (SAS), bakoze ivyo bishakiye bitajanye n'amategeko. Avuga ko ababikoze bari bazi neza ivyo bariko barakora. Ati: "Iki cegeranyo cerekana ko iyi ngeso yatewe intege na bamwe mu ngabo z'inararibonye, kandi zifise igihagararo mu ntumbero yo kwerekana ko bakomeye kandi ari ba kibirengeye". Dr Crompvoets avuga ati: "Ibisongerezi barahimiriza canke bagatera intege abasirikare bakiri bato kugira bice impfungwa kugira ngo bashike ku ntego yabo yo kwica ku ncuro ya mbere, uko niko bahimiriza aba basirikare bakiri bato, mu buryo bwo kubaha urwinjizo muri uru rwego - iki nico cari kibabaje cane". Iri tohoza ryakozwe mu mpisho, vyumvikana ko gushika ubu ari bike bimaze kumenyekana. Mu ndwi iheze, umushikiranganji wa mbere wa Australia, Scott Morrison, yaragabishije ko iki cegeranyo kirimwo "amakuru aremereye cane kandi agumye ku banya Australia" ku vyerekeye ingabo zayo zidasanzwe. Ibiro vy'umukuru w'igihugu wa Afghanistani Ashraf Ghani bivuga ko Bwana Morrison yamuhamagaye kuri telefone amubwira ko "ababajwe cane" n'ibiri muri kino cegeranyo. Umukuru w'igisirikare ca Australia, Angus Campbell, avuga ko hari ivyemezo ko abasirikare bamwe bo mu gisata kirwanira mu kirere, Special Air Service (SAS), bakoze ivyo bishakiye bitajanye n'amategeko Umushikiranganji w'imigenderanire w'iki gihugu yasubiwemwo n'itororokanirizo ry'amakuru AFP avuga ko ivyaha bivugwa muri iki cegeranyo "bidashobora kubabarirwa", ariko ko kubona vyagiye ahabona ari "intambwe ikomeye yo gushika ku butungane". Umurwi wigenga ujejwe agateka ka zina muntu muri Afghanistani wakiranye igishika kino cegeranyo, ariko ukavuga ko kidatanga ivyemezo bihagije kugira ngo ubutungane bubikorereko. Uvuga ko ari ngombwa ko iki gikorerwako kandi "hagatangwa n'indishi y'akababaro nyayo" bidatevye. Elaine Pearson wo mw'ishirahamwe Human Rights Watch riharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu, yabwiye BBC ati: "Ibi ni ivyemezo nyavyo - ivyemeza neza ko ibi vyaha vyakozwe". Dr Crompvoets avuga ko mu ntango "yarwanijwe cane" igihe icegeranyo ntangamarara gisohokeye, ariko ko vyabonetse y'uko ivyo yavuga atarira busema. Hoba hari ibindi bihugu vyagirizwa amabi nk'aya? Mu ntango z'uno mwaka, sentare mpuzamakungu mpanavyaha (ICC) yaratanguye gukora amatohoza ku vyaha bivugwa ko vyakozwe n'abasirikare ba Amerika hamwe n'abandi bagize uruhara mu ntambara ya Afghanistani. Ivyaha vyakozwe n'aba Talibani, ingabo za Afghanistani n'iza Amerika kuva mu 2003 vyitezwe gukorwako amatohoza. Icegeranyo c'iyi sentare co mu 2016 carerekanye ko hari ibimenyetso nyavyo vyerekana ko igisirikare ca Amerika cakoze ivyaha vyo kuboreza igufa abantu vyakorewe mu busho bwo mu kinyegero bw'ikigo kijejwe igendereza CIA. Iki cegeranyo kandi kivuga ko hari ivyemezo vy'uko ingabo za Afghanistani zaboreje igufa impfungwa, kandi ko aba Talibani bakoze ivyaha vyo mu ntambara nk'ubwicanyi bw'agahomerabunwa bwakorewe abasivire. Eka n'Ubwongereza buriko burakora amatohoza mu ntumbero yo kumenya niba ibirego vy'ubwicanyi ndengerabutungane bwakozwe n'ingabo zidasanzwe z'Ubwongereza bwarakorewe amatohoza neza.