Ibaruwa iva muri Africa: Abanyakenya barigaragambya kubera inguzanyo zikabije
Mu ruhererekane rw'amabaruwa y'abanyamakuru bo muri Africa, umunyamakuru Waihiga Mwaura wo muri Kenya aravuga ku mujinya mu gihugu cye utewe no kwiyongera kw'amadeni ya leta.
Mu bihugu byinshi ubushake bw'ibigo mpuzamahanga, nk'ikigega cy'imari ku isi (IMF/FMI), bwo kuguriza leta bubonwa nk'ikimenyetso cy'uko bayemera. Byerekana ko abahanga mu bukungu kure i Washington bizeye ko icyo gihugu kizabasha gucunga neza no kwishyura hamwe n'inyungu izo nguzanyo. Ariko ibi si ko bamwe mu banyakenya babibona - ntibashaka ko IMF yongera guha leta yabo andi mafaranga. 'Ikiguri cy'inzuki' Abanyakenya kuri Twitter - aho bazwi nka KOT - ni bo bakomeye muri iyi nkubiri. Bagereranyijwe n'ikiguri cy'inzuki kigaba igitero icya rimwe kikadwinga cyane kugeza ikibazo gikemutse cyangwa se haje indi ngingo ikomeye bakava kuri iyo. Bityo rero, ku wa mbere, ku mpera y'akaruhuko ka Pasika, KOT yahindukiriye IMF. Iminsi ibiri yari yabanje yari yatangaje inguzanyo ya miliyari $2.3 yo gufasha Kenya guhangana n'icyorezo cya Covid-19 na gahunda yo kuzahura ubukungu. Itangazo rya IMF ryahuriranye n'ikusanyabitekerezo ryerekanye ko bane mu banyakenya batanu batewe impungenge kandi barakajwe n'umugogoro w'amadeni y'igihugu cyabo. Nuko inkubiri irasuma kuri Twitter kuva ku wa mbere aho hashtag yitwa #StopGivingKenyaLoans yakoreshejwe cyane. Kenya yafashe inguzanyo nyinshi ngo yubake inzira ya gari ya moshi yafunguwe mu 2017 Abantu kandi bashishikarijwe gusinya inyandiko isaba #SignThePetition. Iyi yari igamije gusaba FMI guhagarika iyo nguzanyo, abantu bavuga ko inguzanyo za mbere zitakoreshejwe neza. Minisitiri ushinzwe imari Ukur Yatani ntiyacecetse, yavuze ko iyo nguzanyo ikenewe ngo ifashe imishinga mito mito y'ubushabitsi kandi "irinde abantu akaga gakomeye." Ariko imbaga kuri internet biri kure cyane ngo yemere ibi. Kugira ngo wumve impamvu inguzanyo ya IMF idashishikaje abanyakenya ugomba gusubira inyuma imyaka 10 hashyirwaho itegekoshinga rishya. Kwikuba kane kw'ideni Ryari rigamije gukosora ibyagiye bikorwa nabi na guverinoma. Rivuga ko hagomba kuba umucyo, kubazwa inshingano n'uruhare rw'abaturage mu gucunga ibya rubanda. Ubwo guverinoma iriho muri Kenya yajyagaho mu 2013 umwenda wa leta wari miliyari $16, ubu ugeze hafi kuri miliyari $70 - wikubye inshuro zirenga enye. Menshi abarwa ko yagiye mu mishinga minini y'ibikorwaremezo bivugwa ko bizazana impinduka, bitanga imirimo kandi bizateza imbere ubukungu bw'ahazaza. Urugero ni inzira ya gari ya moshi nshya ihuza Mombasa ku nyanja n'umurwa mukuru Nairobi, yubatswe ku ideni ry'Ubushinwa, yafunguwe mu 2017. Ariko hari impungenge ko uri gukorera mu gihombo gikomeye kandi guverinoma idasobanura neza ibiri kuba. Imwe muri iyo mishinga yagaragaye kandi nk'ahantu ha ruswa. Impaka ku nguzanyo zageze ku gasongero mu 2018, ubwo umudepite mu nteko yavuze ko inteko ishingamategeko yananiwe kugenzura imyenda iri gutumbagira ihabwa leta. Moses Kuria yagize ati: "Kuva mu 2014, twakomeje kugurisha ku banyakenya iyi nkuru nziza ko byose ari byiza" - ariko byose ntibyari byiza. Kimwe mu kirego cya ruswa kirimo uwari Minisitiri w'imari Henry Rotich ubu kiri mu nkiko. Aregwa guhombya leta mu masezerano y'umushinga wa miliyoni zirenga $150. Bwana Rotich ahakana ibyo aregwa. Mu ntangiriro z'uyu mwaka, Perezida Uhuru Kenyatta yavuze ko leta ihomba miliyoni $18 buri munsi muri ruswa. Amadeni menshi = Imisoro myinshi Muri ibi byose, inteko ishingamategeko yananiwe akazi kayo ko guhagarika leta kuguza kuko yemeje hafi buri mushinga wose w'inguzanyo. Kugeza ubwo ubu umwenda wa leta ugeze kuri 65% by'ibyo yinjiza ku mwaka. Ariko ntibibuza leta gushaka gufata izindi nguzanyo, gusa abanyakenya bazi uzishyura ibi babona nko gusesagura kwa leta. Kuva mu kwa 12 gushize imisoro yamaze kuzamuka kuva nyuma y'ikiruhuko cyayo, cyari cyatanzwe kubera iki cyorezo. Ubu igiciro cy'ibikomoka kuri petrol cyarazamutse. Hejuru y'ibi, hari izindi ngamba zikarishye zo kwirinda coronavirus zibangamiye uburyo bwo gukorera amafaranga. Kubera ibyo, benshi ubu barareba inguzanyo ya IMF n'ijisho ry'impungenge bibaza ko izatera ruswa kurushaho no kwiyongera kw'imisoro. Ntabwo bizwi neza niba inkubiri yo kuri internet hari icyo yahindura, ariko mu gihe abakandida ku mwanya wa perezida mu matora y'umwaka utaha bagiye gutangira kwiyamamaza bashobora kumva ibyo rubanda muri Kenya ivuga ku buryo isanduku y'imari ya leta icunzwe.