George Floyd: Tarihin gumakan da masu zanga-zanga suka karairaya
Lokacin da masu zanga-zangar kyamar wariyar launin fata suka lalata da gunkin wani ɗan kasuwar bayi a Ingila a ƙarni na 17 sannan suka jefa shi cikin ruwa, saƙon da suke so su isar a bayyane yake.
Protesters in Bristol pull down a statue of slave trader Edward Colston An yi amannar cewa jirgin ruwa mallakar Edward Colston ya yi safarar mutum kusan 80,000 - mata da maza da ƙananan yara - daga Afirka zuwa Nahiyar Amurka. Sai dai an ci gaba da tunawa da shi a mazauninsa na birnin Bristol, garin da ya amfana matuƙa da arzikin ɗan kasuwar. Yayin da gwamnati ke Allah-wadai da abin da suka aikata, su kuwa masu zanga-zangar cewa suka yi suna fatan hakan zai alamun sauyi. "Gumakan mutane suna nufin: 'Wannan mutumin kirki ne da ya aikata abubuwan alkairi.' Wannan ba gaskiya ba ne, tsohon ɗan kasuwar bayi ne kuma azzalumi," in ji masanin tarihi, David Olusoga da yake magana da BBC. Zanga-zangar da aka yi a duniya baki ɗaya, musamman ta Bristol, sun fito da tarihin cinikin bayi a fili a birane da kuma alamomin da ke tattare da mallalakar bayi. Henry Dundas Mutane a birnin Edinburgh na Scotland sun yi fenti da sunan George Floyd a jikin wani gini na tunawa da wani dan siyasa wanda ya kawo jinkiri wajen hana cinikin bayi. Ginin mai tsawon ƙafa 150 an yi shi ne tun a 1823 domin tunawa da Henry Dundas. Dundas na ɗaya daga cikin manyan 'yan siyasa masu faɗa a ji a ƙarni na 18 da na 19. A lokacin ya kawo wani ƙudiri wanda ya kawo jinkiri ga hana cinkin ba yi wanda da ba don haka ba da an hana cinikin bayin tun a 1792. Wannan ne ya ja aka ci gaba da cinikin bayin na kusan shekaru 15. Dubban mutane ne saka hannu a wata takardar koke da za ta bayar da dama domin rushe tsohon gini. Duk da zanga-zangar da ake yi sakamakon ginin, jami'a a ƙsar sun bayyana cewa za a ƙara wani rubutu a kai da zai nuna rawar da garin ya taka a lokacin cinikin bayi "Dole ne mu bayar da labarinmu, mu faɗa wa duniya rawar da Edinnburgh ta taka a tarihin duniya," kamar yadda wani shugaba a Edinburgh ya shaida wa BBC a Scotland. Sarki Leopold II Mutane da dama a Belgium na kira domin a rushe gunkin Sarki Leopold II, wanda shi ne ya fi daɗewa a mulki. Tuni aka fara rubuta takardun koke ta kafofin intanet inda dubban mutane suka saka hanu. Wasu kuma masu tsatsauran ra'ayi kan ƙin jinin wariyar launin fata sun fara ɗaukar matakai. Sarki Leopold ya mulki Belgium tun daga 1865 zuwa 1909, amma ana gani cewa za a fi tuna shi kan wani mummunan abu da ya yi a Jamhuriyyar Dimokradiyyar Congo. Tsakanin 1885 zuwa 1908, sarkin ya mayar da ƙasar Congo a ƙarkashin mulkinsa inda ya fara yin mulkin mallaka. Ya mayar da ƙasar zallan sansanin aikin aikatau inda ya ke tatsar sinadarin Roba domin kasuwancinta. Wasu da suke ƙin yin aikin bauta ana harbe su da bindiga. Ana zargin cewa Sarki Leopold ya kashe mutum sama da miliyan 10 a Congo a tsawon mulkinsa. Haka zalika ya saka 'yan Congo a Gidan Zoo a Belgium. An tilasta masa kan ya bar Congo ta ci gashin kanta a 1908, amma duk da haka ƙasar ba ta samu 'yancin kanta ba daga Belgium sai 1960. Wasu da ke kan gaba wajen neman sai an rushe gunkin Sarki Leopold sun bayyana cewa Belgium ta samu arziƙinta ne ta hanyar nasarar da ta samu lokacin mulkin Sarki Leopold II. Robert E Lee Jihar Virgina za ta cire gunkin Janar Robert E Lee sakamakon lalata shi da ak yi yayin wata zanga-zanga da aka gudanar saboda kisan George Floyd. Gwamnan jihar Ralph Northam yayin da yake bayyana cewa za a rushe ginin mai ɗauke da gunkin, ya bayyana cewa: "Mun daina faɗa wa mutane ƙarya a tarihi". "Gunkin ya daɗe a wurin. Amma tun a baya bai kamata ba, kuma a yanzu ma bai kamta ba. Za mu rushe shi." Ginin wanda gunkin yake a kai na ɗaya daga cikin gumaka biyar a Richmond babban birnin jihar da aka saka wa fenti lokacin zanga-zangar. Robert E Lee ya kasance kwamanda a cikin jihohin da ke goyon bayan cinikin bayi a Amurka, tun a lokacin yaƙin basasa na Amurka tsakanin 1861 zuwa 1865. Lee ya auri wata mata wadda iyayenta manyan 'yan kasuwar bayi ne a Virginia inda har ya taɓa ɗaukar hutu daga aikinsa na soja domin aikin cinikin bayi bayan mutuwar surukinsa. Sai dai ya samu turjiya daga wasu bayi da suka so a 'yanta su. Wasu takardu da suka bayar da shaida sun bayyana cewa ya rinƙa goyon bayan duka mai tsanani ga bayin da suka yi ƙoƙarin gudu. Da dama a Amurka suna kallon gunkin Lee a matsayin wata alama ta tarihin cin zarafi da nuna wariyar launin fata ta bayi a Amurka. Winston Churchill An lalata gunkin Tsohon Firaiministan Birtaniya Winston Churcill inda aka yi masa fenti da sunan mai nuna wariyar nuna launin fata. An yabi Churcill wurin bayar da ƙoƙari domin samun nasara a yaƙin duniya na biyu. A shafin gwamnatin Birtaniya, an bayyana Churcill a matsayin mutum mai kishin ƙasa, kuma marubuci da shugaba na gari. Sai dai wasu suna ɗaukar sa a matsayin mutum mai cike da ruɗani, kuma wasu na masa kallon mai wariyar launin fata.