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# # Create 'scissors and paste' messages from Trove newspaper articles
# When you search for a term in Trove's digitised newspapers and click on individual article, you'll see your search terms are highlighted. If you look at the code you'll see the highlighted box around the word includes its page coordinates. That means that if we search for a word, we can find where it appears on a page, and by cropping the page to those coordinates we can create an image of an individual word. By combining these images we can create scissors and paste style messages!
#
# ![Scissors and paste example - help trapped inside Trove cannot escape](images/trapped-trove.jpg)
# ![Scissors and paste example - optical character recognition has achieved consciousness](images/ocr-consciousness.jpg)
#
# In this notebook you can create your own 'scissors and paste' messages: 
#
# 1. Enter a word in the box below and click **Add word**. 
# 2. Because of OCR errors the result might not be what you want, click **Retry last word** to make another attempt.
# 3. When you've finished adding words, click on the 'Download' link to save.
# 4. To start again click **Clear all**.
#
# Some things to note:
#
# <ul class="browser-default">
# <li>If you don't have a Trove API key, you can [get one here](https://trove.nla.gov.au/about/create-something/using-api).</li>
# <li>The article used to extract the word is chosen randomly from the first 100 search results and, if the word appears multiple times in an article, one instance is chosen at random. This mixes up the results so that <b>Retry last word</b> should produce something different.</li>
# <li>Short, common words like 'I' and 'a' don't seem to work very well, so it's probably easiest to just leave them out of your message. Who cares about grammar!</li>
# </ul>

# +
# This notebook is designed to run in Voila
# If you can see the code, just select 'Run all cells' from the menu to create the widgets.
# -

# Import what we need
import requests
from IPython.display import display, HTML
import ipywidgets as widgets
from IPython.display import Image as DisplayImage
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw
from io import BytesIO
import random
import base64

# +
# Some global variables
words = []
last_kw = ''

# Widgets
results = widgets.Output()
status = widgets.Output()
key = widgets.Text(description='Your API key:')
word_to_add = widgets.Text(description='Word to add:')
button_add = widgets.Button(description='Add word', button_style='primary',)
button_retry = widgets.Button(description='Retry last word')
button_clear = widgets.Button(description='Clear all')

def get_word_boxes(article_url):
    '''
    Get the boxes around highlighted search terms.
    '''
    boxes = []
    # Get the article page
    response = requests.get(article_url)
    # Load in BS4
    soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'lxml')
    # Get the id of the newspaper page
    page_id = soup.select('div.zone.onPage')[0]['data-page-id']
    # Find the highlighted terms
    words = soup.select('span.highlightedTerm')
    # Save the box coords
    for word in words:
        box = {
            'page_id': page_id,
            'left': int(word['data-x']),
            'top': int(word['data-y']),
            'width': int(word['data-w']),
            'height': int(word['data-h'])
        }
        boxes.append(box)
    return boxes
    
def crop_word(box):
    '''
    Crop the box coordinates from the full page image.
    '''
    global words
    # Construct the url we need to download the page image
    page_url = 'https://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/imageservice/nla.news-page{}/level{}'.format(box['page_id'], 7)
    # Download the page image
    response = requests.get(page_url)
    # Open download as an image for editing
    img = Image.open(BytesIO(response.content))
    word = img.crop((box['left'] - 5,  box['top'] - 5, box['left'] + box['width'] + 5, box['top'] + box['height'] + 5))
    img.close()
    words.append(word)
    display_words()
    
def get_word_sizes():
    '''
    Get the max word height and total length of the saved words.
    These will be used for the height and width of the composite image.
    '''
    max_height = 0
    total_width = 0
    for word in words:
        max_height = max(max_height, word.size[1])
        total_width += word.size[0] + 10
    return max_height + 20, total_width + 10
    
def display_words():
    '''
    Create a composite image from the saved words and display with a Download link.
    '''
    global words, word
    results.clear_output()
    word_to_add.value = ''
    h, w = get_word_sizes()
    # Create a new composite image
    comp = Image.new('RGB', (w, h), (180, 180, 180))
    left = 10
    # Paste the words into the composite, adjusting the left (start) position as we go
    for word in words:
        # Centre the word in the composite
        top = int(round((h /2) - (word.size[1] / 2)))
        comp.paste(word, (left, top))
        # Move along the start point
        left += word.size[0] + 10
    # Create a buffer
    image_file = BytesIO()
    # Save the image into the file object
    comp.save(image_file, 'JPEG') 
    # Go to the start of the file object
    image_file.seek(0)
    # For the download link we can use a data uri -- a base64 encoded version of the file
    # Encode the file
    encoded_image = base64.b64encode(image_file.read()).decode()
    # Create a data uri string
    encoded_string = 'data:image/png;base64,' + encoded_image
    # Reset to the beginning
    image_file.seek(0)
    status.clear_output()
    with results:
        # Create a download link using the data uri
        display(HTML(f'<a download="words.jpg" href="{encoded_string}">Download</a>'))
        # Display the image
        display(widgets.Image(
            value=image_file.read(),
            format='jpg'
        ))
    
def retry_last_word(b):
    global words
    words.pop()
    get_article_from_search(last_kw)

def clear_all_words(b):
    global words
    results.clear_output()
    words.clear()
    word_to_add.value = ''
    last_kw = ''
    
def get_article_from_search(kw):
    '''
    Use the Trove API to find articles with the supplied keyword.
    
    '''
    global last_kw
    last_kw = kw
    with status:
        display(HTML('Finding word...'))
    params = {
        'q': f'text:"{kw}"',
        'zone': 'newspaper',
        'encoding': 'json',
        'n': 100,
        'key': key.value
    }
    response = requests.get('https://api.trove.nla.gov.au/v2/result', params=params)
    data = response.json()
    articles = data['response']['zone'][0]['records']['article']
    boxes = []
    # Choose article at random and look for highlight boxes
    # Continue until some boxes are found
    while len(boxes) == 0:
        article = random.choice(articles)
        # print(article['troveUrl'])
        try:
            boxes = get_word_boxes(article['troveUrl'])
        except KeyError:
            pass
    crop_word(random.choice(boxes))
    
def add_word(b):
    get_article_from_search(word_to_add.value)

# Add events to the buttons
button_add.on_click(add_word)
button_retry.on_click(retry_last_word)
button_clear.on_click(clear_all_words)

# Display the widgets
display(key)
display(word_to_add)
display(widgets.HBox([button_add, button_retry, button_clear]))
display(status)
display(results)
# -

# ----
#
# Created by [<NAME>](https://timsherratt.org/) for the [GLAM Workbench](https://glam-workbench.github.io/).  
# Support this project by becoming a [GitHub sponsor](https://github.com/sponsors/wragge?o=esb).
#
#

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