evidence: Berlin patient – The first known case of HIV cure was Timothy Ray Brown, who had been living with HIV for over a decade when he developed acute myeloid leukemia. He received chemotherapy, total body irradiation, and two stem cell transplants. Each transplant came from the same donor, who had the CCR5 delta32 genetic mutation. The case was published in 2009 and was subject to intense scrutiny before scientists agreed he was likely cured. Although he remained free of any signs of HIV infection, Timothy passed away in September 2020 following a relapse of his leukemia. [...] Second Berlin patient – Researchers at AIDS 2024 announced that an adult German male born in 1964, who wishes to remain anonymous, likely joins the six other individuals listed above who have been cured by a stem cell transplant. The second Berlin Patient provides new evidence that the CCR5 delta32 gene mutation might not be the only path to a cure. The patient has been in sustained HIV remission for five and a half years without ART after a stem cell transplant of donor cells with only a single "heterozygous" gene mutation for CCR5. In this case, the donor cells were fully susceptible to HIV infection, but the research team could find no residue of HIV after years of monitoring. Researchers are now investigating what healing mechanisms may be at work in this case.