evidence: "During the day, it’s the monkeys that raid the field, at night it’s the turn of the porcupines," Paudel says. "Villagers guard their crops during the day to drive away monkeys. But when it’s dark, the porcupines come and eat the crops and we can’t do anything about it." [...] Sabina Koirala, who recently completed her Ph.D. in human-monkey conflict, says she believes Nepal’s reforestation policies may, in fact, have contributed to the problem of monkeys and porcupines raiding crops today. [...] As most of the studies are based on anecdotes, it’s also difficult to ascertain which species of monkeys or porcupines are involved in raiding crops. There are three monkey species native to this region of Nepal — the Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta), Assam macaque (Macaca assamensis) and Nepal gray langur (Semnopithecus schistaceus) — and two species of porcupines: the Malayan porcupine (Hystrix brachyura) and the Indian crested porcupine (Hystrix indica). Macaques are at the center of most of the reports of crop raiding.