evidence: The first pattern of violence, which many observers perceived to be spontaneous, was the burning and looting of shops, houses and commercial outlets in the slums of Nairobi and Kisumu by youth groups.Footnote8 The second pattern of violence observed around the Rift Valley was the targeting of communities of small farmers and landholders perceived to be government supporters, with the primary intention of driving them out and keeping them away from the region.Footnote9 Substantial evidence compiled by the OHCHR mission suggests that the violence was partially organised by local politicians and/or traditional leaders who sought to settle long-held grievances over land issues, as well as other real and perceived discriminations.Footnote10 In a third pattern, violent reprisals against communities of mainly migrant workers perceived to be opposition supporters were reportedly carried out by government supporters, including militia, in the areas of Nakuru, Naivasha and Central Province and in the slums of Nairobi (Kibera and Mathare).Footnote11 An estimated 1 200 people (men, women and children) are said to have died as a result of the conflict. A considerable number of internally displaced persons now live in camps, with an equal number seeking refuge with relatives or friends.Footnote12