evidence: In May 2008, Djibouti referred the situation in Ras Doumeira, on its border with Eritrea, to the Security Council and various regional organizations (the AU, the Arab League), denouncing the strengthening of Eritrea’s military capacities and the occupation of territories belonging to Djibouti. The two countries have a longstanding border dispute in the region, where the border—established by agreements signed by France and Italy in 1900 and 1901—has never been delineated. [...] Mr. President, the conflict between Djibouti and Eritrea has now begun to ease. The situation remains tense, but calm on the border between these two countries; they are no longer fighting on the Doumeira promontory or Doumeira Island, and the armed forces of both countries are no longer in contact with each other. This development is to Djibouti’s credit, which, in accordance with the Security Council’s presidential declaration of 12 June past, withdrew its troops to the position of the status quo ante, thus ensuring that both armies would no longer be in contact. However, the Security Council must not lose sight of the most important issue: deadly fighting, for which Eritrea is responsible, took place in Doumeira in June and the effects of this aggression have lingered. In its presidential declaration of 12 June, the Security Council unequivocally condemned Eritrea. The report of the UN fact-finding mission established that, unlike Djibouti, Eritrea had not pulled its troops back to the status quo ante positions. Therefore, the first urgent matter at hand is for Eritrea to meet the extremely clear request that the Security Council made of it.