evidence: Noncitizen voting is statistically rare, but some Republicans have made it a campaign issue in 2024. [...] In 1996, Congress banned voting by noncitizens, which includes people legally and illegally in the U.S., in federal elections. [...] Voting in federal elections by noncitizens "is already a crime several times over," said Sean Morales-Doyle, director of voting rights at the Brennan Center in a June statement. Noncitizens who vote face deportation or jail time. When people register to vote, they attest under penalty of perjury that they are citizens.