evidence: Two car ferries on the lake connect Luanda Kotieno (Siaya County) with Mbita point and Mfangano Island (both in Homa Bay County, Kenya). The islands closer to the border with Uganda are served by private motorised passenger ferries that travel to the mainlands of both countries. Migingo Island, a Kenyan island close to the border with Uganda, has been the centre of a recent minor territorial dispute over fishing rights between the two countries. Migingo Island is densely populated, and is connected via passenger ferry to Dunga beach, near Kisumu city, Muhuru Bay, close to the border with Tanzania, and Remba island, another densely populated island on the border between Kenya and Uganda. Most lake islands do not have any formal health service provision. There is a health centre on Mageta Island. Fishing communities therefore represent a major risk for the amplification of any imported cases of SVD, with limited structures currently available for community engagement and disease surveillance. [...] - The districts of Migori and Homa Bay host a number of islands on Lake Victoria, some of which are inhabited by Congolese, Burundian, South Sudanese, Tanzanian, and Rwandan nationals, including refugees. These populations are at high risk, partly due to their mobility and potential for cross-border exposure to SVD, and partly because the islands have especially poor access to healthcare facilities and are difficult areas to patrol or conduct effective screening.