evidence: Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign country as well as a city-state. It is an island state at the southern end of the Malay Peninsula in Asia, between the Straits of Malacca and the South China Sea. Singapore is about one degree of latitude (137 kilometres or 85 miles) north of the equator. About 5.70 million people live in Singapore. About 3.31 million are citizens. Most of them are ethnically Chinese, Malay, or Indian, as well as a smaller number of other Asians and Europeans. [...] In 1824, another treaty with the Sultan led to the entire island becoming under the British.[25] In 1826, Singapore became part of the Straits Settlements. Singapore became the regional capital in 1836.[26] Before Raffles arrived, there were only about a thousand people living on the island, mostly Malays along with a handful of Chinese.[27] By 1860, the population had grown to over 80,000, more than half being Chinese.[25][28] The country was given colony status in 1867. Later, in the 1890s, when the rubber industry became established in Malaya and Singapore, the island became a global center for sorting rubber and exporting them.[25][29]