evidence: This chapter studies processes of debordering and rebordering in Tajik-Kyrgyz border areas in the Isfara Valley. Based on studies conducted in the Tajik and Kyrgyz border zones in the period from 2016 to 2021, the authors explore the history of the borders in the region and describe the formation of borderlands with their own economies, systems of government, and languages. They also study the transformation of identity and perceptions of territoriality in Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan using in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and a quantitative survey.