evidence: The constitutional issues related to Covid-19 mask mandates [...] However, some mask mandate opponents have made arguments that even state-issued mask mandates violate the federal constitution’s First Amendment. One argument that has been upheld by the federal courts, including the Supreme Court, is that religious activity within buildings is protected under the Constitution’s Free Exercise clause. In April 2021, a divided Supreme Court said in Tandon v. Newsom that the state of California could not apply Covid-19 restrictions to an at-home Bible study group that had more than three households meeting in the same room, in violation of a state regulation. The court noted California permitted larger gatherings in retail stores and other venues. [...] In July 2020, a court in Palm Beach, Florida, refused to block a mask mandate ordered by county commissioners; the litigants claimed that the mandate violated their personal freedoms and privacy rights. State Circuit Court Judge John S. Kastrenakes concluded that "the right to be free from governmental intrusion does not automatically or completely shield an individual's conduct from regulation." Kastrenakes also cited the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in Jacobson v. Massachusetts (1905), arguing that it permitted a local government to impose a vaccine mandate during a public emergency.