evidence: Soviet Azerbaijan had three exclaves (containing four villages) inside Armenia: Kyarki, Yukhari/Upper Askipara, and Barkhudarli, and Sofulu. The latter two formed a single enclave. [...] Barkhudarli and Sofulu, forming a single enclave, are located on the main highway connecting Ijevan, the regional center, with the town of Berd and a number of nearby villages. As with the two previous cases, there is an alternative, but significantly more mountainous road connecting Ijevan and Berd. The three Azerbaijani enclaves inside Armenia have a total area of around 44 km2 according to Armenian fact-checkers and an Azerbaijani researcher, with Yukhari Askipara at 25.4–25.5 km2, Barkudarlu & Sofulu at 10.1 km2, and Kyarki at 8.3–8.4 km2. This compares to 38 or 40 km2 for Artsvashen.