evidence: In the Shadow of Partition Maulana Muhammad Shafi, Nasim Ansari (b. 1928), whose sisters married not only outside the family but also outside the community, studied medicine in Calcutta and London, and retired as professor of surgery from Aligarh’s Muslim University’s Medical College. Mufti Muhammad Raza Ansari (1917–90), grandson of Maulvi Salamatullah, had been involved in radical nationalist activity, inviting (p.255) opposition within the family and forcing him to resign from the madrasa. In 1943–44, he edited Manzil, a pro-socialist magazine. That is when the government banned Naya adab, the organ of the Progressive Writers’ Movement. Later in life, he wrote biographies of Mulla Nizamuddin and Shah Abdur Razzaq and compiled the fatawa of Mufti Abdul Qadir. Hayatullah Ansari edited, after a stint with Hindustan, the daily Qaumi awaz.34 Finally, Anwar Ansari studied psychology, and headed its department at Aligarh’s Muslim University until his premature death in 1978.35 He and his younger brother Junaid Ansari had welcomed Subhas Chandra Bose at the Lyall Library Hall in Aligarh.