evidence: French Guiana is a French overseas territory located in the eastern Amazon, in South America. It shares a border to the west with Suriname, and to the east and south with Brazil. The area of the territory is 83,846 km². The population is estimated at 301,099 inhabitants (INSEE, 2023) living mainly in the capital of Cayenne and along the coast. More than 90% of the territory is covered by a dense equatorial forest representing 1% of the Amazon rainforest. The interior of the country is only accessible by plane or by canoe. During colonization (1604-1946), France applied the principle of "terra nullius" – vacant land owned by no one – to take over the lands of Indigenous Peoples. French Guiana has no longer officially been a colony since 1946 but it is still administered by the French government, which owns over 90% of the territory. [...] Indeed, French Guiana has strong development needs due to its high population growth (+2.1% per year). The territory is having to face many challenges concerning housing, food, transport and energy. These projects require the use of large areas of land, often at the expense of forest and protected areas. Indigenous Peoples are therefore demanding that the French government respect their Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC). To do this, they are using the mechanisms of the United Nations, such as in 2019 when they fought the "Montagne d’or" mining project.[4]