evidence: Heilongjiang, the northernmost sheng (province) of China’s Northeast region. It is bounded to the north and east by Russia along the Amur River and the Ussuri (Wusuli) River, to the south by the Chinese province of Jilin, and to the west by the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The capital is Harbin. Heilongjiang occupies about three-fifths of the area of the three Northeast provinces that formerly made up Manchuria and has more than one-third of the region’s population. The province’s name is derived from Heilong Jiang, the Chinese name for the Amur. Area 179,000 square miles (463,600 square km). Pop. (2020) 31,850,088. [...] The boundaries of Heilongjiang fluctuated during the early 20th century. From 1950 to 1954 the province was under the jurisdiction of the Northeast Military Administrative Commission based in Shenyang (Liaoning province). In 1954 Heilongjiang was placed directly under the central government, and its boundaries were expanded eastward across the Sungari River to the Ussuri River frontier with what was then the Soviet Union. Also during the 1950s, territory in western Heilongjiang that included the Da Hinggan Range was transferred to Inner Mongolia; this region again became part of Heilongjiang in 1969 but was restored to Inner Mongolia in 1979. During the Cultural Revolution (1966–76), Heilongjiang was a pioneer in developing the Revolutionary Committees that became the dominant institutional form. In the early 1980s the former system of provincial congresses was restored.