evidence: Using public expenditure as a measure of public spending, total public expenditure per person in Northern Ireland in 2015–16 was 10% higher than in Ireland. More recently, it was near par with Ireland. As a part of national output (GDP), government consumption contributed an estimated 45% more, per person, in Northern Ireland than it did in Ireland. But government consumption excludes aspects of spending, like investment in roads and social welfare. [...] Using population estimates (Ireland, UK, Northern Ireland (Table 17)) and implied exchange rates (from the Eurostat figures), our analysis is that public expenditure per person in Northern Ireland in 2016–17 (for comparison with the academic paper) was £14,495; in Ireland, it was an estimated £13,264. Per person, total public expenditure in Northern Ireland was about 10% higher than in Ireland, in 2016–17. For 2019–20, the most recent data available for Northern Ireland, our analysis is that public expenditure per person in Northern Ireland was £15,905; in Ireland, it was an estimated £15,346. Per person, total public expenditure in Northern Ireland was 2% higher than in Ireland in 2019–20.