evidence: His fame endured by his achievements as painter, sculptor, and architect, but his Notebooks/‘Codices’ parade him among History’s great scientists. His wide-ranging curiosity inspired Leonardo to explore technological and scientific visions that his contemporaries could not imagine.1,4–7 Similarly, we can pose questions/hypotheses and then work-out answers. Had his works been published in his day, science would have surged. But the time was inchoate; his scientific discoveries were doomed to long obliviousness. He was, as Freud commented,8,like a man who awoke too early in the darkness, while the others were all still asleep. Fusing complementary information demands saper vedere (knowing how to see); a cornerstone of Leonardo’s own artistic/scientific creativity. Transdisciplinary daVincian achievements reveal endorsement of observations to grasp the rules of a complex reality, and as path to scientific knowledge. Through observation, he concluded correctly that the sun’s reflection lights our moon, whose phases change regularly. Leonardo’s emphasis on experience is critical in the growth of modern science. He may be the originator of scientific visualization. He developed techniques for observing the wind, by generating smoke in a tube and adding it to the wind at suitable points. Most remarkably, he made actual experiments under controlled conditions. [...] The Literary Works of Leonardo da Vinci . (Compiled and edited by [...] Leonardo da Vinci: A Psychosexual Study of an Infantile Reminiscence .