evidence: The study analysed and compared the environmental and climate impact of passenger cars and commercial vehicles with conventional and alternative drive systems in detail, based on the entire vehicle life cycle. According to the results of the study, the climate benefit for electric passenger cars increases from 40 per cent when registered in 2020 to up to 55 per cent for cars registered in 2030 if renewable energies are rapidly expanded. The benefit to the climate will remain even if the proportion of e-fuels produced from renewable energy for cars with combustion engines increases significantly in the coming years. [...] The study also analysed the environmental impact of heavy goods vehicles. HGVs that use liquefied natural gas (LNG) have no advantages over diesel HGVs either for those registered in 2020 or those registered in 2030. Electric articulated lorries will have clear climate advantages for vehicles registered in 2030. Due to the high mileage of HGVs, the use phase is even more relevant than for passenger cars – meaning that emissions during vehicle and battery production are not as significant. Battery-electric articulated lorries or those with overhead lines and batteries will already have a 73 to 78 percent climate advantage over vehicles with combustion engines registered in 2030 if renewable energies are rapidly expanded; otherwise the figure will be 55 to 60 percent. These vehicles will also cause fewer greenhouse gas emissions than combustion engines in 2050.