evidence: A defence ministry document noting Chinese ‘transgressions’ in eastern Ladakh that was hurriedly disowned last week has reignited the debate on the extent of territory that India may have lost to China. Chinese incursions in the region have revived memories of the bloody 1962 war, and brought the world’s two largest armies face-to-face in a tense stand-off along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) separating the two countries. The current bone of contention may be in Ladakh, but India’s border dispute with China extends all along the Himalayan range. China still claims large parts of Arunachal Pradesh on its official maps. Although the eastern Himalayan border has been largely peaceful this time, it faced the brunt of the Chinese attack in 1962. Chinese troops had then advanced up to Tezpur in Assam, handing India a humiliating defeat, before moving back. The 1962 war allowed China to consolidate its position in Aksai Chin. India claims Aksai Chin as part of Ladakh but China claims it as its own territory, and had been making incursions since the 1950s, before cementing its hold in 1962. [...] There were also several additions to India’s territory till the 1970s. The Indian Army was deployed to annex Goa in 1961. The French enclaves of Pondicherry and Chandernagore joined India through referendums. Sikkim joined India the same way in 1975, and remains the last territory to merge with India.