evidence: Nature-based solutions help reduce risk to climate hazards in Armenia According to the latest official figures, Armenia has experienced a 1.2° C rise in average temperatures and a 20 percent increase in extreme weather events over the last century. As a landlocked country with complex mountainous territory and vulnerable agricultural regions, climate change poses a serious threat to communities and livelihoods across the country. The Gegharkunik province is one of the regions in Armenia most exposed to climate-induced risks and hazards, including spring-frost, hailstorms, winds, drought, and mudflow. Mudflow is particularly threatening. The mudflow channels are in poor condition, filled with mud and debris throughout the year, causing severe problems during the spring rain season and after winter snowmelt in the nearby mountains.