evidence: On September 14th, presidents of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan Sadyr Japarov and Emomali Rahmon met at the United Nations General Assembly to discuss ending the border dispute between the two countries. However, tensions increased after Kamchybek Tashiev, the head of the Kyrgyz National Security Committee, opposed the talks, asking Tajikistan to end its claims to land near the border. "If [Tajikistan] does not give up its territorial claims, then we will advance our own claims. We have both the strength and the ability to do this," Tashiev reportedly said. [...] Most of the disputed territory is located in the Ferghana Valley, a region which includes Vorukh and Kayragach – two exclaves of Tajikistan surrounded by Kyrgyzstan. The Kyrgyz-Tajik border was created in 1929 when the countries were part of the Soviet Union, and the exclaves were made due to having a large Tajik population. After the Soviet Union’s collapse in 1991, part of the border was not defined, and this has caused disputes between the two countries for over 30 years. Border clashes between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan occurred in 2021 due to Kyrgyzstan not having enough access to the region’s water resources, including the important Golovnoi Water Intake Facility. The Facility takes water from Tajikistan’s Isfara River and sends the water to Kyrgyzstan, where farmers use it to irrigate land. Eurasianet reported Tajikistan has not allowed Kyrgyzstan to make repairs to the Facility due to concerns this would give Kyrgyzstan grounds to claim control.