evidence: On the 13 September 2019, the Ministry of Health in Zambia was notified of a case of laboratory-confirmed vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (VDPV2) through the WHO Country Office. The reporting facility was Katabe Private Hospital in Pweto District of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The case was a male aged 2 years and 8 months from Kalima 2/Pilliashi villages in Chiengi District, Zambia. The notification triggered an immediate response by Zambia National Public Health Institute (ZNPHI). We describe the investigation of the case and public health responses that were undertaken following the notification. [...] Prior to the 2019 cVDPV outbreak, majority of the health facilities only conducted passive surveillance for polio. This involved the surveillance focal point persons reviewing the inpatient and outpatient department registers for cases of AFP and ensuring that they were followed up and investigated for Polio. The district had to maintain a non-Polio AFP rate of two cases per 100,000 populations. In light of the heightened risk due to the isolation of PV2, all silent Districts in the country were instructed to conduct surveillance of AFP cases in all IDSR high priority reporting sites, including all District, secondary, and tertiary hospitals. AFP surveillance of children under 15 years in Chiengi District was heightened with a target to maintain a non-Polio AFP rate of four cases per 100,000 populations. The herd immunity of the catchment populations of the two facilities (Chipungu RHC and Lunchinda RHC) assessment identified a gap in PV2 immunity in the area. An SIA was conducted in Luapula Province providing three rounds of monovalent polio vaccine for PV2 (mOPV2) to all children <5yrs.