evidence: The number of Poles living in Ireland has dropped in recent years, down from 122,515 in 2016. Poles were once the largest foreign national group in Ireland but are now outnumbered by the more 106,200 Ukrainians who have moved here since 2022. However, more than 123,900 people in Ireland still speak Polish, and small numbers continue to relocate here – 5,441 Polish nationals moved to Ireland between January 2023 and March 2024, according to Department of Social Protection data. [...] Many Poles who moved to Ireland and started families are hopeful that life will be easier for their Irish-born children, who "are more immersed in Irish culture and language", he adds. "However, there’s a real concern that the problems their parents face could affect them too, limiting their opportunities for true integration."