evidence: From 131 CSSs in February 2021, the union government aimed to restructure/revamp/rationalize these by the next year.[5] In 2022 CSS's numbered 65 with a combined funding of ₹442,781 crore (equivalent to ₹5.0 trillion or US$60 billion in 2023).[6] In 2022, there were 157 CSs and CSSs with individual funding of over ₹500 crore (equivalent to ₹561 crore or US$67 million in 2023) each.[7] Central sector scheme actual spending in 2017-18 was ₹587,785 crore (equivalent to ₹6.6 trillion or US$79 billion in 2023),[8] in 2019-20 it was ₹757,091 crore (equivalent to ₹8.5 trillion or US$100 billion in 2023) while the budgeted amount for 2021-22 is ₹1,051,703 crore (equivalent to ₹12 trillion or US$140 billion in 2023).[9] Schemes can also be categorised as flagship schemes.[10] 10 flagship schemes were allocated ₹1.5 lakh crore (equivalent to ₹1.7 trillion or US$20 billion in 2023) in the 2021 Union budget of India.[10] The subsidy for kerosene, started in the 1950s, was slowly decreased since 2009 and eliminated in 2022.[11][12][13]