evidence: Central Asia: Tensions Grow in the Fergana Valley [...] Editor's Note: This is the second installment of a two-part series on the Fergana Valley region of Central Asia, its complex demographics and the history and future of conflicts in the area. Click here for Part 1. In the coming years, the Fergana Valley is likely to experience increased volatility as the population continues to grow and so does the competition for its land and resources. Given the importance of the location of the Fergana Valley, this is bound to draw in powers with competing interests in the region, including Russia, China and the United States.