evidence: Effect of vaccination in different populations. COVID-19 vaccines are still effective for pregnant women, patients with autoimmune diseases, and controlled HIV-infected patients, and the overall efficacy can maintain about 80–90%, while the 30% neutralization reduction occurs in older people. Moreover, the overall neutralizing activity of COVID-19 vaccines in solid organ transplant recipients, cancer patients, and uncontrolled AIDS patients is significantly reduced [...] Although the COVID-19 vaccines have achieved exciting results in both animal studies and clinical trials,3 and seven vaccines have been authorized for emergency use by the WHO, adverse events that include pain at the injection site and fever,114,118 as well as complications such as coagulation dysfunction,154 myocarditis,74 immune diseases,155 nervous system diseases159 and lymphatic system diseases160 caused by vaccination, have raised concerns about vaccine safety. Given the low proportion of overall incidence of adverse events of vaccines and the fact that some complications occur mainly in patients with underlying diseases (e.g., cardiovascular diseases and tumors). Governments and relevant agencies are recommended to accelerate the vaccine immunization process. Simultaneously, special attention should be paid to the health status of the recipients, timely treatment of complications, vaccine development, and ensuring the lives and health of patients.