evidence: Over the course of the satellite record dating back to 1979, Antarctic sea ice exhibited a mix of above- and below-average extents with a minimal trend. In September 2014, Antarctic sea ice reached its highest extent on record. Over the years 2013 to 2015, Antarctic sea ice extents were mostly above the long-term average. Beginning in 2016, Antarctic sea ice extents mostly fell below the long-term average. In 2023, Antarctic sea ice reached record-low extents at both the time of the annual minimum (February) and maximum (September). The September 2023 low extent in Antarctic sea ice was the lowest on record by a wide margin.