evidence: Texas is the second most populous state in the nation and PolitiFact has checked a number of claims about its residents in the past. Most recently, we rated False a claim that a third of Texas has seen a "20-25% population loss in the last 5 years." [...] There are about 7.4 million in Texas — about 10% of the total population of people under 18 in the United States. Texas makes up the second largest share of people under 18 in the U.S., after California, which is home to about 12% of the population under 18 years old.