evidence: New investigations seek to more strongly enforce existing regulations and target actors not previously of interest to the Department of Justice, particularly in the higher education sector. For instance, existing policies requiring researchers to declare all potential conflicts of interest or foreign government affiliations are being more stringently enforced.43 The recent high profile arrest of the head of Harvard’s Department of Chemistry, Charles Lieber, for failing to disclose his links to Chinese research institutions while also working on US government-funded projects, is an example of the department’s more aggressive stance on academic disclosure. Another recent fraud case in West Virginia involves a professor claiming time off to care for a newborn, when in fact he used the time to take part in China’s Thousand Talents program.44 The department has also brought cases against Chinese-born faculty members at the University of Kansas, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, and Emory University, in each case for failing to disclose foreign ties.45 Cases involving universities, national laboratories and even hospitals, reflects the department’s focus on prosecuting IP theft in every sector of the NSIB.46 [...] Department of Justice’s China Imitative: The Arrest of Harvard Professor Dr Charles Lieber On 28 January 2020, the Department of Justice charged Dr Charles Lieber, Chair of the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology at Harvard University, on two counts of making false statements in relation to his involvement in the People’s Republic of China’s Thousand Talents Program.53