evidence: In May 2008, Djibouti referred the situation in Ras Doumeira, on its border with Eritrea, to the Security Council and various regional organizations (the AU, the Arab League), denouncing the strengthening of Eritrea’s military capacities and the occupation of territories belonging to Djibouti. The two countries have a longstanding border dispute in the region, where the border—established by agreements signed by France and Italy in 1900 and 1901—has never been delineated. [...] Security Council Resolution 1862 , adopted on January 14, 2009, urges Djibouti and Eritrea to resolve their border dispute peacefully and in accordance with international law, welcomes Djibouti’s withdrawal of forces to the status quo ante, demands that Eritrea withdraw its forces and materiel to the status quo ante and ensure there is no military presence or activity in the region where the conflict took place in Ras Doumeira and Doumeira island in June 2008, that it agree to resolve the dispute through dialogue, and notably that it cooperate fully with the UN secretary-general’s good offices. [...] Mr. President, the conflict between Djibouti and Eritrea has now begun to ease. The situation remains tense, but calm on the border between these two countries; they are no longer fighting on the Doumeira promontory or Doumeira Island, and the armed forces of both countries are no longer in contact with each other. This development is to Djibouti’s credit, which, in accordance with the Security Council’s presidential declaration of 12 June past, withdrew its troops to the position of the status quo ante, thus ensuring that both armies would no longer be in contact.