evidence: These are very special French territories, as much for their biodiversity as for their administrative system, whose specific features reflect these "marginal lands at the heart of territorial issues". An expression borrowed from the conference of the same name organised last October by Florian Aumond, Ludovic Chan-Tung, Anne Choquet and Sabine Lavorel, national and international experts in polar law, who wrote this article on the French Southern and Antarctic Territories. Originally published in The Conversation on the occasion of the One Planet – Polar Summit, we thought it would be useful to remind you of its existence. [...] Firstly, Madagascar is disputing the four islands in the Mozambique Channel (Europa, Juan de Nova, Bassas da India and Les Glorieuses). Emmanuel Macron’s visit to the Glorieuses in October 2019, a first for a Head of State, revived the opposition and tightened Tananarive’s stance. Since then, negotiations have stalled.