evidence: On September 13th Azerbaijan launched a large-scale attack using artillery, heavy weapons and drones against targets located on the territory of Armenia proper. In total the Azerbaijani military targeted up to 23 locations in Armenia’s Syunik, Gegharkunik, and Vayots Dzor provinces which are located south of the country and border Azerbaijan. During the recent strike Azerbaijan hit and damaged not only military targets but also residential areas in the Armenian cities such as Goris and Kapan and local villages: Sotk, Artanish, Jermuk, Kut and others. The fighting ceased on September 14th when the warring sides brokered and upheld a ceasefire. [...] Apparently, Baku’s success in the 2020 war in Nagorno-Karabakh had convinced it that military solutions were more effective than diplomatic ones. Thus, Azerbaijan has used the failed negotiations with Armenia over the transport link as grounds to pressure Yerevan for concessions via force. In May 2021 the Azerbaijani military made a first serious incursion into territory of Armenia proper, in Syunik and Gegharkunik provinces. To date, there have been several clashes and other armed incidents in the southern portion of the Armenian-Azerbaijani border, as well as on Armenia-Nakhchivan border and in Nagorno-Karabakh. The September clashes however were the most serious armed incident between Armenia and Azerbaijan since the 2020 Karabakh war and experts were speculating whether Azerbaijan is gearing towards a bigger offensive in southern Armenia or just trying to pressure Yerevan.