evidence: Following the signing of the Nairobi Agreement, the Center assisted Sudan and Uganda with its implementation, convening a multitude of ministerial and security meetings between the two governments and other stakeholders. [...] In recent years, it has experienced a large demographic shift, with as many as 60,000 gold miners and 20,000 refugees from neighboring South Sudan and elsewhere entering the region. This shift, combined with scarce resources and existing local conflicts between farmers and nomads, puts the area at risk for widespread conflict. The Carter Center is working to develop and support a grassroots mechanism for conflict management, which has the potential to reduce conflict and make the area accessible to public health workers. [...] In 2013, when three cases of Guinea worm were reported in the village of Kafia Kingi, near the Sudan-South Sudan border, Sudan's Ministry of Health immediately conducted active surveillance and interventions in Kafia-Kingi and four nearby villages. Although the program suspected that the cases were imported from South Sudan, village volunteers continued to conduct health education and house-to-house searches for cases twice a month, distribute cloth filters, and apply Abate, donated by BASF, to water sources monthly. Since then, no additional cases have been reported in Sudan.