evidence: Conservation of key natural complexes in the Fergana Valley (Republic of Uzbekistan) Fauna and flora of Central Asia is quite old and have many endemic species. Fergana valley is the most densely populated region in Uzbekistan and faces with the further converting nature landscape into arable lands. For example, Akkum sands, located in Karakalpak steppe used to be a habitat for goitered gazelles, saigas, kulans and other animals. Nowadays it has 13 isolated areas. However, the site continues to be unique, in terms of landscape and due to the fauna-floristic composition. Though the presence of 14 restricted range endemics and a number of rare species with the wider range, the territory of the Fergana valley does not have protected areas with high IUCN categories. Protected areas are represented by natural monuments, one of these territories is KBA UZB 014 "Akkum Sands", which includes 2 state natural monuments "Yazyavan Sands" (1820.4 ha) and "Mingbulak" (1000 ha).