evidence: Increasing vaccination rates to achieve these targets could result, over the course of 30 years, in an additional 33 million averted disease cases, a saving of $96 billion in costs, and nearly $83 billion in incremental vaccination costs5. The impact of VPDs also goes beyond measurable economic impacts as older adults play an invaluable role in the informal economy, offering childcare, and financial and emotional support6. Such contributions cannot be quantified through economic analyses alone. [...] To date, the limited variety of adult vaccines—just seven recommended by the CDC—has made managing vaccination schedules relatively straightforward (Supplementary Fig. 2). This has fostered a ‘there’s always next year’ attitude among patients. However, the increasing number of vaccines threatens to disrupt this status quo. Currently, adults aged 50 and 65 years old could be advised to receive a maximum of 2.8 and 3.5 of recommended vaccines, respectively, in a single visit depending on risk factors. These estimates were based on 50- or 65-year-old Americans (assuming average lifespan) who require all adult vaccinations, and who only received vaccines at annual appointments. In 10 years, we estimate that the number of recommended doses for adults aged 50 and 65 years is expected to increase to 5.6 and 6.4 per year, respectively. [...] Rand, C. M. & Goldstein, N. P. N. Patterns of primary care physician visits for US adolescents in 2014: implications for vaccination. Acad. Pediatr.18, S72–S78 (2018).