evidence: Among the submerged banks, shoals and reefs, the Macclesfield Bank located east of the Paracel Islands is ?a submerged atoll, 75 miles long in a north- easterly and southeasterly direction. At the edge of the bank is a coral rim about 3 miles wide and from 42 to 60 feet deep. In the dangerous area of the [...] Itu-aba and Searborough Shoal located east of Macclesfield Bank. Here there are also dumping grounds.