evidence: The study area is situated within the Mesopotamia Plain of the Outer Platform47. The river watershed is mainly covered by Holocene alluvial sediments with marine influence in the southern parts at the Arabian Gulf coasts48,49. Originating from the confluence of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers at the Qurna City, the Shatt Al-Arab River flows to the southwest for 101 km before it constitutes the boundary between Iraq and Iran for the last 91 km of its main course until draining into the Arabian Gulf. The Shatt Al-Arab has a total length of 192 km, and a width ranging from 300 m at its origin to 700 m near the Basra City and around 800 m at its mouth50. The river has a depth that ranges between 8-15 m, considering tides51. The river watershed is generally characterized by flat, low-gradient landscapes of around 1 cm/km52. An area of approximately 145 km2 drains directly to the river basin downstream of the confluence of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers (excluding the Euphrates and Tigris Basin areas)53.