evidence: Iran, Islamic Republic of [...] The Central Bank of Iran announced the injection of USD 1.5 billion in the foreign exchange market in March 2020 to stabilize the rial. In July 2020 it injected and additional USD 1 billion. And in September 2020 it announced that it would put aside one percent of the country’s sovereign wealth fund to stabilize the stock market. [...] A SAR 70 billion ($18.7 billion or 2.7 percent of GDP) private sector support package was announced on March 20, 2020. The package included the suspension of government tax payments, fees, and other dues to provide liquidity to the private sector and an increase in available financing through the National Development Fund. The government made budgetary reallocations to increase the resources available to the Ministry of Health to fight the virus. On April 3,2020, the government authorized the use of the unemployment insurance fund (SANED) to provide support for wage benefits, within certain limits, to private sector companies who retain their Saudi staff (SAR 6 billion, 0.2 percent of GDP in 2020). Restrictions on expatriate labor mobility and their contractual arrangements were also eased. On April 15, 2020 additional measures to mitigate the impact on the private sector were announced, including temporary electricity subsidies to commercial, industrial, and agricultural sectors (SAR 0.9 billion). On May 10, the Ministry of Finance announced new fiscal measures to raise more non-oil revenues and rationalize spending. These measures consist of the removal of cost-of-living allowances for public sector workers effective June 1and increasing the VAT from 5% to 15% effective July 1.