query: main_subject chaplin 
supports: The Little Foxes is a 1939 play by Lillian Hellman, considered a classic of 20th century drama. Its title comes from Chapter 2, Verse 15 of the Song of Solomon in the King James version of the Bible, which reads, "Take us the foxes, the little foxes, that spoil the vines: for our vines have tender grapes." Set in a small town in Alabama in 1900, it focuses on the struggle for control of a family business. Tallulah Bankhead starred in the original production as Regina Hubbard Giddens. Big Top Pee-wee is a 1988 American comedy film and the sequel to "Pee-wee's Big Adventure" (1985), and stars Paul Reubens as Pee-wee Herman, with supporting roles done by Susan Tyrrell, Kris Kristofferson, and introducing Valeria Golino as Gina Piccolapupula. The original music score is composed by Danny Elfman (although he also scored "Pee-wee's Big Adventure", he could not use any themes from that movie due to "Big Top Pee-wee" being produced by another studio). Chaplin is a 1992 biographical comedy - drama film about the life of British comedian Charlie Chaplin . It was produced and directed by Richard Attenborough and stars Robert Downey , Jr. , Marisa Tomei , Dan Aykroyd , Penelope Ann Miller , and Kevin Kline . It also features Geraldine Chaplin in the role of her own paternal grandmother , Hannah Chaplin . The film was adapted by William Boyd , Bryan Forbes and William Goldman from the books My Autobiography by Chaplin and Chaplin : His Life and Art by film critic David Robinson . Associate producer Diana Hawkins got a story credit . The original music score was composed by John Barry . The Blues Brothers are an American blues and soul revivalist band founded in 1978 by comedians Dan Aykroyd and John Belushi as part of a musical sketch on "Saturday Night Live". Belushi and Aykroyd, respectively in character as lead vocalist "Joliet" Jake Blues and harmonica player/vocalist Elwood Blues, fronted the band, which was composed of well-known and respected musicians. The band made its debut as the musical guest on the April 22, 1978, episode of "Saturday Night Live", performing "Hey Bartender." John Adam Belushi (January 24, 1949  March 5, 1982) was an American comedian, actor, and musician. He is best known for his "intense energy and raucous attitude" which he displayed as one of the original cast members of the NBC sketch comedy show "Saturday Night Live", in his role in the 1978 film "Animal House" and in his recordings and performances as one of The Blues Brothers. Sir David Lean, CBE (25 March 190816 April 1991) was an English film director, producer, screenwriter and editor, responsible for large-scale epics such as "The Bridge on the River Kwai" (1957), "Lawrence of Arabia" (1962) and "Doctor Zhivago" (1965). He also directed adaptations of Dickens novels "Great Expectations" (1946) and "Oliver Twist" (1948), as well as the romantic drama "Brief Encounter" (1945). Crystal Head Vodka is a brand of vodka manufactured by Globefill Inc. in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It was conceived of and founded by actor Dan Aykroyd and artist John Alexander in 2007. Biloxi Blues is a semi-autobiographical play by Neil Simon. It portrays the conflict of Sergeant Merwin J. Toomey and Arnold Epstein, one of many privates enlisted in the military stationed in Biloxi, Mississippi, seen through the eyes of Eugene Jerome, one of the other soldiers. This play is the second chapter in what is known as his "Eugene trilogy", following "Brighton Beach Memoirs" and preceding "Broadway Bound", and is the only one in which Eugene is not the central character. The play won the Tony Award for Best Play, and Barry Miller won a Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Play for his performance as Arnold Epstein. Daniel Edward "Dan" Aykroyd (born July 1, 1952) is a Canadian-American actor, comedian, producer, screenwriter, musician and businessman. He was an original member of the "Not Ready for Prime Time Players" on "Saturday Night Live" (1975-1979). A musical sketch he performed with John Belushi on "SNL", The Blues Brothers, turned into an actual performing band and then a highly successful 1980 film, also called "The Blues Brothers". He conceived and starred in "Ghostbusters" (1984), which spawned a sequel ("Ghostbusters II") and eventually an entire media franchise. In 1990, he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his work in the 1989 film "Driving Miss Daisy". He starred in his own sitcom, "Soul Man", from 1997-98. Aykroyd is also a successful businessman, having co-founded the House of Blues chain of music venues and the Crystal Head Vodka brand. Ghostbusters II is a 1989 American supernatural comedy film directed and produced by Ivan Reitman, written by Dan Aykroyd and Harold Ramis and starring Bill Murray, Aykroyd, Sigourney Weaver, Ramis, Ernie Hudson and Rick Moranis. It is the sequel to the 1984 film "Ghostbusters", and follows the further adventures of the three parapsychologists and their organization which combats paranormal activities. Welcome to L.A. is a 1976 film directed by Alan Rudolph and starring Keith Carradine. Buffalo Bill and the Indians, or Sitting Bull's History Lesson is a 1976 revisionist Western directed by Robert Altman and based on the play "Indians" by Arthur Kopit. It stars Paul Newman as William F. Cody, alias Buffalo Bill, along with Geraldine Chaplin, Will Sampson, Joel Grey, Harvey Keitel and Burt Lancaster as Bill's biographer, Ned Buntline. The Tramp ("Charlot" in several languages), also known as The Little Tramp, was British actor Charlie Chaplin's most memorable on-screen character and an icon in world cinema during the era of silent film. A Wedding is a 1978 American comedy film directed by Robert Altman, with an ensemble cast that included Desi Arnaz, Jr., Carol Burnett, Paul Dooley, Vittorio Gassman, Mia Farrow, Lillian Gish, Geraldine Chaplin, Howard Duff, Nina Van Pallandt, Amy Stryker, and Pat McCormick. The story is told in the trademark Altman style, with multiple plots and overlapping humorous dialogue. Penelope Ann Miller (born Penelope Andrea Miller; January 13, 1964), sometimes credited as Penelope Miller, is an American actress. She began her career on Broadway in the 1985 original production of "Biloxi Blues" and went on to receive a Tony Award nomination for the 1989 revival of "Our Town". She has starred in several major Hollywood films, particularly in the late 1980s and early 1990s, including "Adventures in Babysitting" (1987), "Biloxi Blues" (1988), "Big Top Pee-wee" (1988), "The Freshman" (1990), "Awakenings" (1990), "Kindergarten Cop" (1990), "Other People's Money" (1991), "Year of the Comet" (1992), "Chaplin" (1992), and "Carlito's Way" (1993), for which she received a Golden Globe Award nomination. She returned to Broadway in the 1995 original stage production of "On the Waterfront". Her other films include supporting roles in "The Relic" (1997) "Along Came a Spider" (2001) and "The Artist" (2011). The Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is given in honor of an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a supporting role while working within the film industry. The film industry or motion picture industry comprises the technological and commercial institutions of filmmaking, i.e., film production companies, film studios, cinematography, film production, screenwriting, pre-production, post production, film festivals, distribution; and actors, film directors and other film crew personnel. A Different World is an American sitcom and a spin-off of "The Cosby Show" which aired for six seasons on NBC from September 24, 1987 to July 9, 1993. The series originally centered on Denise Huxtable (Lisa Bonet) and the life of students at Hillman College, a fictional historically Black college in Virginia. It was inspired by student life at Spelman College and Howard University. After Bonet's departure in the first season, the remainder of the series primarily focused more on Southern belle Whitley Gilbert (Jasmine Guy) and math whiz Dwayne Wayne (Kadeem Hardison). The Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is given in honor of an actress who has delivered an outstanding performance in a supporting role while working within the film industry. Robert Bernard Altman (February 20, 1925  November 20, 2006) was an American film director, screenwriter, and film producer. A five-time nominee of the Academy Award for Best Director and an enduring figure from the New Hollywood era, Altman was considered a "maverick" in making films with a highly naturalistic but stylized and satirical aesthetic, unlike most Hollywood films. He is consistently ranked as one of the greatest and most influential filmmakers in American cinema. The Victorian era was the period of Queen Victoria's reign, from 20 June 1837 until her death on 22 January 1901. It was a long period of peace, prosperity, "refined sensibilities" and national self-confidence for the United Kingdom. Some scholars date the beginning of the period in terms of sensibilities and political concerns to the passage of the Reform Act 1832. Carlito's Way is a 1993 American crime film directed by Brian De Palma, based on the novels "Carlito's Way" and "After Hours" by Judge Edwin Torres. The film adaptation was scripted by David Koepp. It stars Al Pacino, Sean Penn, Penelope Ann Miller, Luis Guzman, John Leguizamo, Jorge Porcel, Joseph Siravo and Viggo Mortensen. Marisa Tomei (born December 4, 1964) is an American actress. In a career spanning three decades, Tomei had initial success in films as a young actress, followed by a series of unsuccessful films, then a resurgence with a series of critically acclaimed films. Following her work on the television series "As the World Turns", she came to prominence as a cast member on "The Cosby Show" spin-off "A Different World" in 1987. After having minor roles in a few films, she came to international attention in 1992 with the comedy "My Cousin Vinny", for which she received an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. Geraldine Leigh Chaplin, born July 31, 1944, is a prolific actress of English, French, and Spanish-speaking films, the fourth child of Charlie Chaplin, the first of eight with fourth wife Oona O'Neill. After beginnings in dance and modeling, she turned her attention to acting, and made her American acting debut (and came to prominence in what would be a Golden Globenominated role) in her portrayal of Tonya in David Lean's "Doctor Zhivago" (1965). She made her Broadway acting debut in Lillian Hellman's "The Little Foxes" in 1967, and received her second Golden Globe nomination for Robert Altman's "Nashville" (1975). She also appeared in his other pictures, including "Buffalo Bill and the Indians, or Sitting Bull's History Lesson" (1976), and "A Wedding" (1978). She received a BAFTA nomination for her role in "Welcome to L.A." (1976), and then appeared in "Roseland" (1977) and "Remember My Name" (1978). She played her grandmother Hannah Chaplin in the biopic, "Chaplin" (1992) for which she received her third Golden Globe nomination. She also appeared in "The Age of Innocence" (1993), "Jane Eyre" (1996), "" (1997), and a decade later, in "The Wolfman" (2010). Kindergarten Cop is an American crime comedy-drama film, released to cinemas in the United States on December 22, 1990, directed by Ivan Reitman, distributed by Universal Pictures. Arnold Schwarzenegger stars as John Kimble, a tough police detective working undercover as a kindergarten teacher to apprehend the vicious drug dealer Cullen Crisp (Richard Tyson) before Crisp can get to his former wife and son. Remember My Name is a 1978 American thriller film, written and directed by Alan Rudolph and produced by Robert Altman. Geraldine Chaplin stars as a deranged woman, determined to get back her husband, Anthony Perkins. Other People's Money is a 1991 American comedy-drama film starring Danny DeVito, Gregory Peck and Penelope Ann Miller. It was based on the play of the same name by Jerry Sterner. The film adaptation was directed by award winner Norman Jewison, and written by Alvin Sargent. House of Blues is a chain of live music concert halls and restaurants in major markets throughout the United States. House of Blues' first location, in Cambridge's Harvard Square, was opened in 1992 by Isaac Tigrett, co-founder of Hard Rock Cafe, and Dan Aykroyd, co-star of the 1980 film "The Blues Brothers". Golden Globe Awards are accolades bestowed by the 93 members of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association, recognizing excellence in film and television, both domestic and foreign. A silent film is a film with no synchronized recorded sound, especially with no spoken dialogue. The silent film era lasted from 1895 to 1936. In silent films for entertainment, the dialogue is transmitted through muted gestures, mime and title cards which contain a written indication of the plot or key dialogue. The idea of combining motion pictures with recorded sound is nearly as old as film itself, but because of the technical challenges involved, synchronized dialogue was only made practical in the late 1920s with the perfection of the Audion amplifier tube and the introduction of the Vitaphone system. During silent films, a pianist, theatre organist, or, in large cities, even a small orchestra would often play music to accompany the films. Pianists and organists would either play from sheet music or improvise; an orchestra would play from sheet music. Awakenings is a 1990 American drama film based on Oliver Sacks's 1973 memoir of the same title. It tells the true story of British neurologist Oliver Sacks, fictionalized as American Malcolm Sayer (portrayed by Robin Williams), who, in 1969, discovered beneficial effects of the drug L-Dopa. He administered it to catatonic patients who survived the 191728 epidemic of encephalitis lethargica. Leonard Lowe (played by Robert De Niro) and the rest of the patients were awakened after decades of catatonia and have to deal with a new life in a new time. The film was nominated for three Academy Awards. Year of the Comet is a 1992 romantic comedy adventure film about the pursuit of the most valuable bottle of wine in history. The title refers to the year it was bottled, 1811, which was known for the Great Comet of 1811, and also as one of the best years in history for European wine. Saturday Night Live (abbreviated as SNL) is an American late-night live television sketch comedy and variety show created by Lorne Michaels and developed by Dick Ebersol. The show premiered on NBC on October 11, 1975, under the original title NBC's Saturday Night. The show's comedy sketches, which parody contemporary culture and politics, are performed by a large and varying cast of repertory and newer cast members. Each episode is hosted by a celebrity guest (who usually delivers an opening monologue and performs in sketches with the cast) and features performances by a musical guest. An episode normally begins with a cold open sketch that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming, "Live from New York, it's Saturday Night!", properly beginning the show. Oona O'Neill Chaplin, Lady Chaplin (May 14, 1925  September 27, 1991) was the daughter of Nobel and Pulitzer-Prize-winning American playwright Eugene O'Neill and English-born writer Agnes Boulton, and the fourth and last wife of English actor and filmmaker Charlie Chaplin. Lillian Florence "Lilly" Hellman (June 20, 1905  June 30, 1984) was an American dramatist and screenwriter known for her success as a playwright on Broadway, as well as her left-wing sympathies and political activism. She was blacklisted after her appearance before the House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC) at the height of the anti-communist campaigns of 194752. Although she continued to work on Broadway in the 1950s, her blacklisting by the American film industry caused a drop in her income. Many praised Hellman for refusing to answer questions by HUAC, but others believed, despite her denial, that she had belonged to the Communist Party. Sir Charles Spencer "Charlie" Chaplin, (16 April 1889  25 December 1977) was an English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer who rose to fame during the era of silent film. Chaplin became a worldwide icon through his screen persona "the Tramp" and is considered one of the most important figures in the history of the film industry. His career spanned more than 75 years, from childhood in the Victorian era until a year before his death in 1977, and encompassed both adulation and controversy. Adventures in Babysitting (also known as A Night on the Town in certain countries) is a 1987 American comedy film written by David Simkins, directed by Chris Columbus (in his directorial debut), and starring Elisabeth Shue, Maia Brewton, Keith Coogan, Anthony Rapp, Penelope Ann Miller, Bradley Whitford, and brief cameos by blues singer/guitarist Albert Collins and singer-songwriter Southside Johnny Lyon. The Antoinette Perry Award for Excellence in Theatre, more commonly known as the Tony Award, recognizes achievement in live Broadway theatre. The awards are presented by the American Theatre Wing and The Broadway League at an annual ceremony in New York City. The awards are given for Broadway productions and performances, and an award is given for regional theatre. Several discretionary non-competitive awards are also given, including a Special Tony Award, the Tony Honors for Excellence in Theatre, and the Isabelle Stevenson Award. The awards are named after Antoinette "Tony" Perry, co-founder of the American Theatre Wing. Our Town is a 1938 metatheatrical three-act play by American playwright Thornton Wilder. It tells the story of the fictional American small town of Grover's Corners between 1901 and 1913 through the everyday lives of its citizens. Kevin Delaney Kline (born October 24, 1947) is an American film and stage actor and singer. He has won an Academy Award and two Tony Awards and is a 2003 American Theatre Hall of Fame inductee. The Cosby Show is an American television sitcom starring Bill Cosby, which aired for eight seasons on NBC from September 20, 1984 until April 30, 1992. The show focuses on the Huxtable family, an upper middle-class African-American family living in Brooklyn, New York. Ghostbusters is a 1984 American supernatural comedy film directed and produced by Ivan Reitman and written by Dan Aykroyd and Harold Ramis. The film stars Bill Murray, Aykroyd and Ramis as three eccentric parapsychologists who start a ghost-catching business in New York City. Sigourney Weaver and Rick Moranis co-star as a client and her neighbor, and Ernie Hudson as the Ghostbusters' first recruit. My Cousin Vinny is a 1992 American comedy film written by Dale Launer and directed by Jonathan Lynn. The film stars Joe Pesci, Ralph Macchio, Marisa Tomei, Mitchell Whitfield, Lane Smith, Bruce McGill, and Fred Gwynne. This was Gwynne's last film appearance before his death on July 2, 1993. As the World Turns (often referred to as ATWT) is an American television soap opera that aired on CBS for 54 years from April 2, 1956, to September 17, 2010. Irna Phillips created "As the World Turns" as a sister show to her other soap opera "Guiding Light". Running for 54 years, "As the World Turns" holds the second-longest continuous run of any daytime network soap opera on American television, surpassed only by "Guiding Light". "As the World Turns" was produced for the first 43 years in Manhattan and in Brooklyn from 2000 until 2010.
candidates: 1901 actor animal band canada charlie chaplin child city comedian comedy comic conflict crime death drug english family film filmmaking history hollywood july music musician new hollywood opera organist paranormal politics running star supernatural television time true united kingdom woman writer
answer: filmmaking