query: country_of_origin mother 
supports: The Silent World is a 1956 French documentary film co-directed by the famed French oceanographer Jacques-Yves Cousteau and a young Louis Malle. "The Silent World" is noted as one of the first films to use underwater cinematography to show the ocean depths in color. Its title derives from Cousteau's 1953 book "". It was released in the United States by Columbia Pictures. The Lower Depths ("Na dne", literally: 'At the bottom') is perhaps the best known of Maxim Gorky's plays. It was written during the winter of 1901 and the spring of 1902. Subtitled "Scenes from Russian Life," it depicted a group of impoverished Russians living in a shelter near the Volga. Produced by the Moscow Arts Theatre on December 18, 1902, Konstantin Stanislavski directed and starred. It became his first major success, and a hallmark of Russian social realism. Alexei Maximovich Peshkov (or   18 June 1936), primarily known as Maxim (Maksim) Gorky, was a Russian and Soviet writer, a founder of the socialist realism literary method and a political activist. He was also a five-time nominee for the Nobel Prize in Literature. Around fifteen years before success as a writer, he frequently changed jobs and roamed across the Russian Empire; these experiences would later influence his writing. Gorky's most famous works were "The Lower Depths" (1902), "Twenty-six Men and a Girl", "The Song of the Stormy Petrel", "The Mother", "Summerfolk" and "Children of the Sun". He had an association with fellow Russian writers Leo Tolstoy and Anton Chekhov; Gorky would later mention them in his memoirs. A film director is a person who directs the making of a film. Generally, a film director controls a film's artistic and dramatic aspects, and visualizes the script while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision. The director has a key role in choosing the cast members, production design, and the creative aspects of filmmaking. Under European Union law, the director is viewed as the author of the film. Mother ( Russian :  , translit . Mat , also released as 1905 ) is a 1955 Soviet drama film directed by Mark Donskoy and based on the eponymous novel by Maxim Gorky . It was entered into the 1956 Cannes Film Festival . Socialist realism is a style of realistic art that was developed in the Soviet Union and became a dominant style in that country as well as in other socialist countries. Socialist realism is characterized by the glorified depiction of communist values, such as the emancipation of the proletariat, by means of realistic imagery. Although related, it should not be confused with social realism, a type of art that realistically depicts subjects of social concern. Russia, also officially known as the Russian Empire, was a state that existed from 1721 until it was overthrown by the short-lived liberal February Revolution in 1917. One of the largest empires in world history, stretching over three continents, the Russian Empire was surpassed in landmass only by the British and Mongol empires. The rise of the Russian Empire happened in association with the decline of neighboring rival powers: the Swedish Empire, the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth, Persia and the Ottoman Empire. It played a major role in 181214 in defeating Napoleon's ambitions to control Europe, and expanded to the west and south. Mark Semyonovich Donskoy ( 21 March 1981) was a Soviet film director. His most famous work (Stalin Prize in 1941) was the "Gorky Trilogy", consisting of "The Childhood of Maxim Gorky", "My Apprenticeship", and "My Universities". The Cannes Festival (French: Festival de Cannes), named until 2002 as the International Film Festival ("Festival international du film") and known in English as the Cannes Film Festival, is an annual film festival held in Cannes, France, which previews new films of all genres, including documentaries, from all around the world. Founded in 1946, the invitation-only festival is held annually (usually in May) at the Palais des Festivals et des Congrès. The 9th Cannes Film Festival was held from 23 April to 10 May 1956. The Palme d'Or went to "The Silent World" by Jacques-Yves Cousteau and Louis Malle. The festival opened with "Marie-Antoinette reine de France", directed by Jean Delannoy and closed with "Il tetto" by Vittorio De Sica.
candidates: columbia european union france moscow russia russian empire soviet union
answer: soviet union