query: natural_product_of_taxon honey
supports: Nectar is a sugar-rich liquid produced by plants in glands called nectaries, either within the flowers with which it attracts pollinating animals, or by extrafloral nectaries, which provide a nutrient source to animal mutualists, which in turn provide antiherbivore protection. Common nectar-consuming pollinators include mosquitoes, hoverflies, wasps, bees, butterflies and moths, hummingbirds, and bats. Nectar plays an important role in the foraging economics and overall evolution of nectar-eating species; for example, nectar and its properties are responsible for the differential evolution of the African honey bee, "A. m. scutellata" and the western honey bee. Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in humans, animals and fungi. The polysaccharide structure represents the main storage form of glucose in the body. Binomial nomenclature (also called binominal nomenclature or binary nomenclature) is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages. Such a name is called a binomial name (which may be shortened to just "binomial"), a binomen or a scientific name; more informally it is also called a Latin name. The first part of the name identifies the genus to which the species belongs; the second part identifies the species within the genus. For example, humans belong to the genus "Homo" and within this genus to the species "Homo sapiens". The "formal" introduction of this system of naming species is credited to Carl Linnaeus, effectively beginning with his work "Species Plantarum" in 1753. But Gaspard Bauhin, in as early as 1623, had introduced in his book "Pinax theatri botanici" (English, "Illustrated exposition of plants") many names of genera that were later adopted by Linnaeus. Glucose is a simple sugar with the molecular formula CHO. Glucose circulates in the blood of animals as blood sugar. It is made during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight. The reverse of the photosynthesis reaction, which releases this energy, is an important source of power for cellular respiration. Glucose is stored as a polymer, in plants as starch and in animals as glycogen, for times when the organism will need it. The western honey bee or European honey bee ("Apis mellifera") is the most common of the 7-12 species of honey bee worldwide. The genus name "Apis" is Latin for "bee", and "mellifera" means "honey-bearing", referring to the species' tendency to produce a large quantity of honey for storage over the winter. A genus ( genera) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms in biology. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. Honey / hni / is a sweet food made by bees using nectar from flowers . The variety produced by honey bees ( the genus Apis ) is the one most commonly referred to , as it is the type of honey collected by most beekeepers and consumed by people . Honeys are also produced by bumblebees , stingless bees , and other hymenopteran insects such as honey wasps , though the quantity is generally lower and they have slightly different properties compared to honey from the genus Apis . Honey bees convert nectar into honey by a process of regurgitation and evaporation . They store it as a primary food source in wax honeycombs inside the beehive . Honey gets its sweetness from the monosaccharides fructose and glucose , and has about the same relative sweetness as granulated sugar . It has attractive chemical properties for baking and a distinctive flavor that leads some people to prefer it over sugar and other sweeteners . Most microorganisms do not grow in honey because of its low water activity of 0.6 . However , honey sometimes contains dormant endospores of the bacterium Clostridium botulinum , which can be dangerous to infants , as the endospores can transform into toxin - producing bacteria in infants ' immature intestinal tracts , leading to illness and even death . People who have a weakened immune system should not eat honey because of the risk of bacterial or fungal infection . No evidence shows any benefit of using honey to treat diseases . Providing 64 calories in a typical serving of one tablespoon , honey contains no significant essential nutrient content . Honey is generally safe but there are various , potential adverse effects or interactions it may have in combination with excessive consumption , existing disease conditions or drugs . Honey use and production has a long and varied history . Honey collection is an ancient activity . Humans apparently began hunting for honey at least 8,000 years ago , as evidenced by a cave painting in Valencia , Spain .
candidates: apis mellifera fungi homo sapiens
answer: apis mellifera