query: occupation adad-nirari ii
supports: A city-state is a sovereign state that consists of a city and its dependent territories. Historically, this included cities such as Rome, Athens, Carthage, and the Italian city-states during the Renaissancebut today only a handful of sovereign city-states exist, with some disagreement as to which are city-states. A great deal of consensus exists that the term properly applies to Singapore, Monaco, and Vatican City. Adad - nirari II is generally considered to be the first King of Assyria in the Neo-Assyrian period . Adad - nirari II 's father was Ashur - dan II , whom he succeeded after a minor dynastic struggle . It is probable that the accession encouraged revolts amongst Assyria 's nominal vassals . He firmly subjugated the areas previously under only nominal Assyrian vassalage , conquering and deporting troublesome Aramean following a battle at the junction of the Khabur and Euphrates in 910 BCE . After subduing Neo-Hittite and Hurrian populations in the north to far - off places . Adad - nirari II then twice attacked and defeated Shamash - mudammiq of Babylonia , annexing a large area of land north of the Diyala River and the towns of Ht and Zanqu in mid Mesopotamia in the same year . He made further gains over Babylonia under Nabu - shuma - ukin I later in his reign . He also campaigned to the west , subjugating the Aramean cities of Kadmuh and Nisibin . Along with vast amounts of treasure collected , he also secured the Kabur river region . His reign was a period of returning prosperity to the Middle East region following expansion of Phoenician and Aramaean trade routes , linking Anatolia , Egypt under the Libyan 22nd Dynasty , Mesopotamia and the Mediterranean . Aššur (Akkadian; 'shr; : shr : shr, Kurdish Asûr), also known as Ashur and Qal'at Sherqat, was an Assyrian city, capital of the Old Assyrian Empire (20251750 BC), Middle Assyrian Empire (13651050 BC), and for a time, the Neo-Assyrian Empire (911605 BC). The remains of the city are situated on the western bank of the Tigris River, north of the confluence with the tributary Little Zab River, in modern-day Iraq, more precisely in the Al-Shirqat District in the Saladin Governorate. Assyria was a major Mesopotamian East Semitic-speaking kingdom and empire of the ancient Near East. It existed as an independent state from perhaps as early as the 25th century BC in the form of the Assur city-state, until its lapse between 612 BC and 599 BC, spanning the Early to Middle Bronze Age through to the late Iron Age. The Iron Age is an archaeological era, referring to a period of time in the prehistory and protohistory of the Old World (Afro-Eurasia) when the dominant toolmaking material was iron. It is commonly preceded by the Bronze Age in Europe and Asia with exceptions and the Stone Age in Africa. Meteoric iron has been used by humans since at least 3200 BC, but ancient iron production did not become widespread until the ability to smelt iron ore, remove impurities and regulate the amount of carbon in the alloy were developed. The start of the Iron Age proper is considered by many to fall between around 1200 BC to 600 BC, depending on the region. In most parts of the world, its end is defined by the widespread adoption of writing, and therefore marks the transition from prehistory to history. An empire is defined as "an aggregate of nations or people ruled over by an emperor or other powerful sovereign or government, usually a territory of greater extent than a kingdom, as the former British Empire, French Empire, Brazilian Empire, Russian Empire, Ottoman Empire, Byzantine Empire or Roman Empire." An empire can be made solely of contiguous territories such as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, or of territories far remote from the homeland, such as a colonial empire. Near East is a geographical term that roughly encompasses Western Asia. Despite having varying definitions within different academic circles, the term was originally applied to the maximum extent of the Ottoman Empire. The term has fallen into disuse in English and has been replaced by the terms "Middle East" and "West Asia".
candidates: academic bank carbon emperor major sovereign
answer: sovereign