query: country_of_citizenship hsieh yung-kuan
supports: Perak (Jawi:; chinese:) also known by its honorific, Darul Ridzuan, or "Abode of Grace", one of the 13 states of Malaysia, is the fourth largest state in the country. It borders Kedah at the north; Thai Yala Province to the northeast; Penang to the northwest; Kelantan and Pahang to the east; Selangor to the south, and the Straits of Malacca to the west. The Dutch East Indies (or Netherlands East Indies; ) was a Dutch colony. It was formed from the nationalised colonies of the Dutch East India Company, which came under the administration of the Dutch government in 1800. Capitan China Chung Keng Quee (182113 December1901) was the founder and administrator of modern Taiping in Perak, Malaysia. Appointed "Capitan China" by the British in 1877, he was a millionaire philanthropist and known as an innovator in the mining of tin. He was involved in many other industries including farming, pawnbroking and logging. He was respected by both Chinese and European communities in the early colonial settlement. His survival in the chaotic era owes much to his standing as leader of the Hai San, a Chinese secret society in British Malaya during the time of the Larut Wars (186273). a position he is said to have held till early 1884 although in all probability he continued to remain a leading member. The old fort at Teluk Batu was built by him to safeguard the mine that he opened there. He was a member of the Commission for the Pacification of Larut and sat as one of six members of the Advisory Perak State Council appointed by the British. Commenting on the role of the Perak Council, Richard James Wilkinson wrote,
  "It is for the reader, in the light of subsequent events, to judge how far the Councillors were right or wrong, and to see for himself who really did the pioneer work of building up the prosperity of Perak. In the published accounts of British rule in Malaya, sufficient prominence has not always been given to the efforts of these early pioneers; the reaper, intent on his own work, is apt to forget the man who sowed. These Council Minutes are the record of the work of the sowers. A study of that record will show how much the State owes to Sir Hugh Low and to his fellow-Councillors, especially Raja Dris (the present Sultan), Sir William Maxwell, and the Chinese towkays, "Ah Kwi" [Chung Keng Quee] and Ah Yam."
  Early history.
  Third among his father's five sons, Chung Keng Quee was born into a peasant Hakka family in Xin Cun () village, Cheng Sheng (Zengcheng ) county of Guangdong province, China. At the time of his death the Perak Pioneer & Native States Advertiser VOL VIII Taiping Saturday 14 December 1901 reports: ""Precise information as to the date of his arrival in Perak is difficult to obtain but it is apparently certain that he has passed over forty-five years in the State before he retired to Penang."" It is believed that in 1841, he journeyed from China to British Malaya in a junk, sent by his mother, Madam Lai, to look for his father, Chung, Hsing Fah (Chung, Xingfa ; Hakka: Chang Hin Fatt). He had left his wife (Madam Lin) in China to look after his elderly mother. He is thought to have been 20 years of age at that time. Chung Hsing Fa, had come to Malaya as an indentured labourer during a time of great turbulence in China to make a living and support his family in China (see First and Second Opium Wars and Taiping Rebellion). After some time when Madam Lai received no news from her husband she sent Chung Keng Seng ( / ), her second son. Still receiving no news, she then sent Keng Quee. When Keng Quee arrived in Perak, he discovered that both his father Hsing Fa and his brother Keng Seng were by that time well established in business. In fact, Keng Seng was so popular he was known as Lui Kong Seng (literally Thunder God Seng). His father, Hsing Fa was one of the early leaders of the Tseng Lung association on King Street. Keng Quee entered the mining business which his father and brother were engaged in. By 1860 he controlled the Penang-based Hai San Secret Society as well as the Larut tin-fields the Hai San were associated with. Information about his career before that time is generally unknown. Cheah Meng Chi (  ) or Cheah Choon Seng or Tjia Tjoen Sen (  ) or Hsie Yung Kuang (  ) , a Hakka from Meixian , Guangdong , China , was Chinese Vice Consul in Penang from 1895 -- 1903 and from 1906 - 1907 . He was a founding director of the Deli Bank in Medan , Indonesia . Born in 1848 in Pontianak , Dutch East Indies . He was a contractor of provisions and foodstuffs to the Dutch Government for eight years before moving to Kota Raja or Banda Acheh on the east coast of Sumatra where , in addition to those existing contracts he obtained fresh contracts for the construction of railroads and for opium and other revenue farms . He was appointed Lieutenant China , which he held for twenty - one years after which he was made Captain China . The Dutch Government conferred on him the Gold Star for `` Trouw en Verdienste '' and with a gold medal for outstanding contributions to them . Around 1898 he relinquished management of his business interests there , handing them over to the management of his attorney , Mr. Leong Mok On , and moved to Penang where he lived at No. 8 , Leith Street . He was appointed Chinese Vice-Consul to Penang , a position that was taken up by his son - in - law , Mr. Leong Fee , upon his resignation . He had interests in the Tambun mines in Perak and the Bentong mines near Kuala Lumpur . He was a member of the Penang Chinese Town Hall committee . He married the daughter of the Mayor of Pontianak , Mr. Chong Hi . Together with Cheong Fatt Tze , Leong Fee (  , Zhang Yao Xuan (  , and Foo Choo Choon (  ) , he founded the Chung Hua School (  or  , the first modern Chinese school in Malaya teaching in Mandarin . Cheah Choon Seng died on 4 February 1916 . The Deli Bank was the first Chinese bank in Indonesia. It was founded in Medan, Indonesia, in 1907 by the Tjong brothers, Tjong A Fie, (1860-1921) and Tjong Yong Hian (1850-1911), Mandarin capitalists from Mei Hsien, Guangdong, China, who had come over originally to recruit and supply Chinese coolies for plantation workers. Also involved at this time were Cheong Fatt Tze who had entered the region from China, through Indonesia where he built his fortune but who was by that time, Vice-Consul for China, in Penang. Hsieh Yung-kuan was the fourth founding director of the bank. Leong Fee is the Hakka name for Liang Pi Joo (18571912), a worker from Guangdong Province in China who emigrated to Malaya in 1876. He arrived in Penang and, half a year later, moved to Perak where he began to make his fortune in tin. He was a tin miner, businessman, a visiting Justice for Kinta (1892), the first Chinese Member of the Federal Legislative Council (1909) a Penang state senator, a member of the Perak State Council, a Chinese Vice-Consul to Penang (1902 to 1908) and a philanthropist. He married the daughter of millionaire-philanthropist Hsieh Yung-kuan, the Chinese Vice-Consul to Penang before him. He was a member of the Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce. Cheong Fatt Tze or Tjong Tjen Hsoen (1840  1916) was a Chinese businessman and politician. He was a powerful Nanyang industrialist and a first-class Mandarin in the Manchu government; he was made Consul-General in Singapore and economic advisor to the Empress Dowager.  Indonesia (or ; Indonesian: ), officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a unitary sovereign state and transcontinental country located mainly in Southeast Asia with some territories in Oceania. Situated between the Indian and Pacific oceans, it is the world's largest island country, with more than seventeen thousand islands. At , Indonesia is the world's 14th-largest country in terms of land area and world's 7th-largest country in terms of combined sea and land area. It has an estimated population of over 260 million people and is the world's fourth most populous country, the most populous Austronesian nation, as well as the most populous Muslim-majority country. The world's most populous island of Java contains more than half of the country's population. The Penang Chinese Town Hall was established in 1881. Chung Keng Quee was the single largest individual donor towards the founding of the town hall and was a prominent president serving from 1881 to 1883. The United East Indian Company (or Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie in modern spelling; VOC), referred to by the British as the Dutch East India Company, was originally established as a chartered company in 1602, when the Dutch government granted it a 21-year monopoly on the Dutch spice trade. It is often considered to have been the first multinational corporation in the world, and it was the first company to issue stock. The largest and most valuable corporation in history, it possessed quasi-governmental powers, including the ability to wage war, imprison and execute convicts, negotiate treaties, strike its own coins, and establish colonies. Penang is a Malaysian state located on the northwest coast of Peninsular Malaysia, by the Strait of Malacca. It has two parts: Penang Island, where the capital city, George Town, is located, and Seberang Perai (formerly "Province Wellesley"), on the Malay Peninsula. Penang is bordered by Kedah to the north and the east and Perak to the south. Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, and often referred to as the "Lion City" or the "Little Red Dot", is a sovereign city-state in Southeast Asia, and the world's only island city-state. It lies one degree (137 km) north of the equator, south of the southernmost tip of continental Asia and peninsular Malaysia, with Indonesia's Riau Islands to the south. Singapore's territory consists of a diamond-shaped main island along with 62 other islets. Since independence, extensive land reclamation has increased its total size by 23% (130 km), and its greening policy has covered the densely populated island with tropical flora, parks and gardens.
candidates: british china dutch east indies indonesia malaysia politician singapore
answer: malaysia