query: instance_of microbat
supports: The Hipposideridae are a family of bats commonly known as the Old World leaf-nosed bats. While it has often been seen as a subfamily, Hipposiderinae, of the family Rhinolophidae, it is now more generally classified as its own family. Nevertheless, it is most closely related to Rhinolophidae within the suborder Pteropodiformes (or Yinpterochiroptera). Colugos are arboreal gliding mammals found in Southeast Asia. Just two extant species make up the entire family Cynocephalidae and order Dermoptera. They are the most capable gliders of all gliding mammals, using flaps of extra skin between their legs to glide from higher to lower locations. They are also known as cobegos or flying lemurs, although they are not true lemurs. A forelimb is an anterior limb (arm, leg, or similar appendage) on a terrestrial vertebrate's body. For quadrupeds, the term foreleg is often used instead. (A forearm however is the part of the arm or forelimb between the elbow and the wrist.) Flying squirrels (scientifically known as Pteromyini or Petauristini) are a tribe of 44 species of squirrels in the family Sciuridae. They are not capable of flight in the same way as birds or bats but are able to glide from one tree to another with the aid of a patagium, a furry, parachute-like membrane that stretches from wrist to ankle. Their long tail provides stability in flight. Anatomically they are very similar to other squirrels but have a number of adaptations to suit their life style; their limb bones are longer and their hand, foot bones and distal vertebrae are shorter. While flying they are able to steer and exert control over their glide path with their limbs and tail. The patagium is a membranous structure that assists an animal in gliding or flight. The structure is found in bats, birds, some dromaeosaurs, pterosaurs, and gliding mammals. Flight is the process by which an object moves, through an atmosphere (the air in the case of earth) or beyond it (as in the case of spaceflight) without direct support from any surface. This can be achieved by generating aerodynamic lift, propulsive thrust, aerostatically using buoyancy, or by ballistic movement. Mammals are any vertebrates within the class Mammalia (from Latin "mamma" "breast"), a clade of endothermic amniotes distinguished from reptiles and birds by the possession of a neocortex (a region of the brain), hair, three middle ear bones and mammary glands. The sister group of mammals may be the extinct "Haldanodon." The mammals represent the only living Synapsida, which together with the Sauropsida form the Amniota clade. The mammals consist of the Yinotheria including monotrema and the Theriiformes including the theria. Megadermatidae, or false vampire bats, are a family of bats found from central Africa, eastwards through southern Asia, and into Australia. They are relatively large bats, ranging from 6.5 cm to 14 cm in head-body length. They have large eyes, very large ears and a prominent nose-leaf. They have a wide membrane between the hind legs, or uropatagium, but no tail. Many species are a drab brown in color, but some are white, bluish-grey or even olive-green, helping to camouflage them against their preferred roosting environments. They are primarily insectivorous, but will also eat a wide range of small vertebrates. The microbats constitute the now outdated suborder Microchiroptera within the order Chiroptera ( bats ) . Bats were once differentiated into Megachiroptera and Microchiroptera , based on their size , but based on available molecular evidence this has now been shown to be incorrect , with the horseshoe bats being included in Yinpterochiroptera with the fruit bats and others . Most species which were termed Microchiroptera are now referred to as the Yangochiroptera . The distinctions between microbats and megabats are : Microbats use echolocation , whereas megabats do not typically . ( The Egyptian fruit bat Rousettus egyptiacus is an exception , but does not use the larynx echolocation method of microbats , instead giving scientists the theory that it clicks using its nasal passages and back of its tongue . ) Microbats lack the claw at the second finger of the forelimb . This finger appears thinner and almost bonded by tissue with the third finger for extra support during flight . Megabats always lack a tail , whereas this trait only occurs in certain species of microbats . The ears of microbats possess a tragus ( thought to be crucial in echolocation ) and are respectively larger than megabat ears , whereas megabat ears are comparatively small and lack a tragus . Megabat eyes are quite large , whereas microbat eyes are comparatively smaller . Most microbats feed on insects . Some of the larger species hunt birds , lizards , frogs , smaller bats or even fish . The three species of microbats that feed on the blood of large mammals or birds ( vampire bats ) exist in the Americas south of the United States . Microbats are 4 to 16 cm long . Leaf - nosed microbat species are not all known to be fruit and nectar - eating . Three species of leaf - nosed bats follow the bloom of columnar cacti in northwest Mexico and Southwest United States northward in the spring and then the blooming agaves southward in the fall . Yet other leaf - nosed bats , such as Vampyrum spectrum of South America , hunt a variety of prey such as lizards and birds . The horseshoe bats of Europe , though , have an incredibly intricate leaf - nose for echolocation and feed primarily on insects . Finally , the California leaf - nosed bat of North America is yet another insectivore to have this trait , as its name indicates.The term `` leaf - nose , '' despite common fallacy , applies to a great variety of microbats and does in no way dictate the variety of diet a species with this trait prefers . The Yangochiroptera, or Vespertilioniformes, is a proposed suborder of Chiroptera that includes most of the microbat families, except the Rhinopomatidae, Rhinolophidae, Hipposideridae and the Megadermatidae. These other families, plus the megabats, are seen as part of another suborder, Yinpterochiroptera. Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera (from the - "cheir", "hand" and - "pteron", "wing") whose forelimbs form webbed wings, making them the only mammals naturally capable of true and sustained flight. By contrast, other mammals said to fly, such as flying squirrels, gliding possums, and colugos, can only glide for short distances. Bats do not flap their entire forelimbs, as birds do, but instead flap their spread-out digits, which are very long and covered with a thin membrane or patagium. Megabats constitute the suborder Megachiroptera, and its only family Pteropodidae of the order Chiroptera (bats). They are also called fruit bats, Old World fruit bats, or, especially the genera "Acerodon" and "Pteropus", flying foxes. Fruit bats are restricted to the Old World in a tropical and subtropical distribution, ranging no further than the eastern Mediterranean and South Asia, and are absent from northwest Africa and southwest Australia. Compared to insectivorous bats, fruit bats are relatively large and, with some exceptions, do not navigate by echolocation. They are herbivores and rely on their keen senses of sight and smell to locate food. Birds (Aves), also known as avian dinosaurs, are a group of endothermic vertebrates, characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a lightweight but strong skeleton. Birds live worldwide and range in size from the bee hummingbird to the ostrich. They rank as the class of tetrapods with the most living species, at approximately ten thousand, with more than half of these being passerines, sometimes known as perching birds or, less accurately, as songbirds. The Yinpterochiroptera, or Pteropodiformes, are a proposed suborder of the Chiroptera, which includes the megabats and five of the microbat families: Rhinopomatidae, Rhinolophidae, Hipposideridae, Craseonycteridae, and Megadermatidae. This taxon is primarily based on molecular genetics data. This is a relatively recent proposal, which challenges the traditional view that megabats and microbats form monophyletic groups of bats. Further studies are being conducted, using both molecular and morphological cladistic methodology, to assess its merit. In computing, WinG (pronounced "Win Gee") is an application programming interface that is a port of Windows 95's Device Independent Bitmaps to provide faster graphics performance on Windows 3.x operating environments, and was initially positioned as a way to help game developers more easily port their DOS games to Microsoft Windows, although it was quickly discontinued in favor of DirectX.
candidates: application bee clade class data device dos evidence family five fruit game genetics group interface leaf limb microsoft windows olive order parachute part path port process range rank region size skin species structure surface taxon term three tribe two vampire will wing
answer: taxon