query: place_of_birth margrave christian ludwig of brandenburg-schwedt
supports: The Holy Roman Empire was a multi-ethnic complex of territories in central Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806. The largest territory of the empire after 962 was the Kingdom of Germany, though it also came to include the Kingdom of Bohemia, the Kingdom of Burgundy, the Kingdom of Italy, and numerous other territories. A cantata (literally "sung", past participle feminine singular of the Italian verb "cantare", "to sing") is a vocal composition with an instrumental accompaniment, typically in several movements, often involving a choir. In the Byzantine Empire, an exarch ("exarchos") was a governor with extended authority over a province at some distance from the capital Constantinople. The prevailing situation frequently involved him in military operations. A governor is, in most cases, a public official with the power to govern the executive branch of a non-sovereign or sub-national level of government, ranking under the head of state. In federations, "governor" may be the title of a politician who governs a constituent state and may be either appointed or elected. The power of the individual governor can vary dramatically between political systems, with some governors having only nominal and largely ceremonial power, while others having a complete control over the entire government. Brandenburg (Lower Sorbian: "Bramborska") is one of the sixteen federated states of Germany. It lies in the northeast of the country covering an area of 29,478 square kilometers and has 2.48 million inhabitants. The capital and largest city is Potsdam. Brandenburg surrounds but does not include the national capital and city-state Berlin forming a metropolitan area. The Mass in B minor (BWV 232) by Johann Sebastian Bach is a musical setting of the complete Ordinary of the Latin Mass. The work was one of Bach's last compositions, not completed until 1749, the year before his death. Much of the Mass gave new form to vocal music that Bach had composed throughout his career, dating back (in the case of the "Crucifixus") to 1714, but extensively revised. To complete the work, in the late 1740s Bach composed new sections of the "Credo" such as "Et incarnatus est". Margrave was originally the medieval title for the military commander assigned to maintain the defense of one of the border provinces of the Holy Roman Empire or of a kingdom. That position became hereditary in certain feudal families in the Empire, and the title came to be borne by rulers of some Imperial principalities until the abolition of the Empire in 1806 (e.g., Margrave of Brandenburg, Margrave of Baden). Thereafter, those domains were absorbed in larger realms or the titleholders adopted titles indicative of full sovereignty. A Margrave finds a direct analogy with the title of "Exarch" in the late Roman, early Eastern Roman Empire era, i.e. the military commander and governor of a region at the brink of the controlled territories. The Brandenburg Concertos by Johann Sebastian Bach (BWV 10461051, original title: Six Concerts à plusieurs instruments) are a collection of six instrumental works presented by Bach to Christian Ludwig, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt, in 1721 (though probably composed earlier). They are widely regarded as some of the best orchestral compositions of the Baroque era. Johann Sebastian Bach (28 July 1750) was a German composer and musician of the Baroque period. He enriched established German styles through his skill in counterpoint, harmonic and motivic organisation, and the adaptation of rhythms, forms, and textures from abroad, particularly from Italy and France. Bach's compositions include the "Brandenburg Concertos", the "Goldberg Variations", the Mass in B minor, two Passions, and over three hundred cantatas of which around two hundred survive. His music is revered for its technical command, artistic beauty, and intellectual depth. An orchestra is a large instrumental ensemble typical of classical music, which features string instruments such as violin, viola, cello and double bass, as well as brass, woodwinds, and percussion instruments, grouped in sections. Other instruments such as the piano and celesta may sometimes appear in a fifth keyboard section or may stand alone, as may the concert harp and, for performances of some modern compositions, electronic instruments. Christian Ludwig ( 14 March 1677 -- 3 September 1734 ) was a Margrave of Brandenburg and a military officer of Brandenburg - Prussia 's Hohenzollern dynasty . The title `` Margrave of Brandenburg '' was given to princes of the Prussian Royal House and did not express a territorial or allodial status . He is best known as the recipient of Johann Sebastian Bach 's Brandenburg concertos . In music, counterpoint is the relationship between voices that are harmonically interdependent (polyphony) yet independent in rhythm and contour. It has been most commonly identified in the European classical tradition, strongly developing during the Renaissance and in much of the common practice period, especially in the Baroque. The term originates from the Latin "punctus contra punctum" meaning "point against point". Schwedt (or Schwedt/Oder) is a town in northeastern Brandenburg, Germany. With the official status of a "Große kreisangehörige Stadt" (major district town), it is the largest town of the Uckermark district, located near the Oder River close to the border with Poland. The Goldberg Variations, BWV 988, is a work written for harpsichord by Johann Sebastian Bach, consisting of an aria and a set of 30 variations. First published in 1741, the work is considered to be one of the most important examples of variation form. The "Variations" are named after Johann Gottlieb Goldberg, who may have been the first performer.
candidates: baden berlin brandenburg byzantine empire central france germany holy roman empire kingdom of bohemia kingdom of italy most of poland roman roman empire schwedt sebastian
answer: berlin