query: office_contested turkish general election
supports: A parliamentary republic is a republic that operates under a parliamentary system of government where the executive branch (the government) derives its legitimacy from and is accountable to the legislature (the parliament). There are a number of variations of parliamentary republics. Most have a clear differentiation between the head of government and the head of state, with the head of government holding real power, much like constitutional monarchies. Some have combined the roles of head of state and head of government, much like presidential systems, but with a dependency upon parliamentary power. Halil Turgut Özal (13 October 192717 April 1993) was the 8th President of Turkey from 1989 to 1993. He previously served as the 26th Prime Minister of Turkey from 1983 to 1989 as the leader of the Motherland Party. He was the Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey in the military government of Bülend Ulusu between 1980 and 1982. Necmettin Erbakan (29 October 1926  27 February 2011) was a Turkish politician, engineer, and academic who was the Prime Minister of Turkey from 1996 to 1997. He was pressured by the military to step down as prime minister and was later banned from politics by the Constitutional Court of Turkey for violating the separation of religion and state as mandated by the constitution. The Constitutional Court of Turkey is the highest legal body for constitutional review in Turkey. It "examines the constitutionality, in respect of both form and substance, of laws, decrees having the force of law, and the Rules of Procedure of the Turkish Grand National Assembly" (Article 148 of the Turkish Constitution). If necessary, it also functions as the Supreme Criminal Court to hear any cases raised about the President of the Republic, members of the Council of Ministers, or presidents and members of the high courts. Mustafa Bülent Ecevit (28 May 1925  5 November 2006) was a Turkish politician, poet, writer, scholar, and journalist, who served as the Prime Minister of Turkey four times between 1974 and 2002. He served as prime minister of Turkey in 1974, 1977, 197879, and 19992002. He was the leader of the Republican People's Party (CHP) between 1972 and 1980, and in 1989 he became the leader of the Democratic Left Party (DSP). Turkey, officially the Republic of Turkey (Turkish: ), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. Turkey is a democratic, secular, unitary, parliamentary republic with a diverse cultural heritage. Turkey is bordered by eight countries: Greece to the west; Bulgaria to the northwest; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the south. The Aegean Sea is to the west, the Black Sea to the north, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. The Bosphorus, the Sea of Marmara, and the Dardanelles, which together form the Turkish Straits, divide Thrace and Anatolia; they also separate Europe and Asia. Turkey's location has given it geopolitical and strategic importance throughout history. Sami Süleyman Gündodu Demirel (1 November 1924  17 June 2015) was a Turkish politician and statesman who served as the 9th President of Turkey from 1993 to 2000. He previously served as the Prime Minister of Turkey seven times between the years 1965 and 1993. He was the leader of the Justice Party (AP) from 1964 to 1980 and the leader of the True Path Party (DYP) from 1987 to 1993.  The President of the Republic of Turkey is the head of state of the Republic of Turkey. The Presidency is largely a ceremonial office but has some important functions. In this capacity, the President represents the Republic of Turkey, and the unity of the Turkish nation, as well as ensuring the implementation of the Constitution of Turkey and the organized and harmonious functioning of the organs of state. The articles from 101 to 106 of the Constitution establish all the requirements, election, duties, and responsibilities for the office of the President. The office of the President of Turkey was established with the proclamation of the Republic of Turkey on October 29, 1923. The President of Turkey is often informally referred to as the Cumhurbakan, meaning 'President of the People'. The current office-holder is the 12th President, Recep Tayyip Erdoan since August 28, 2014. The Prime Minister of Turkey (Turkish: "Babakan") is the head of government of Turkey. The prime minister is the leader of a political coalition in the Turkish parliament (Meclis) and the leader of the cabinet. The current holder of the position is Binali Yldrm of the Justice and Development Party (AKP), who took office on 24 May 2016. General elections were held in Turkey on 20 October 1991 , to elect members to the 19th Grand National Assembly . It was the first by the ruling Motherland Party to be contested without its founding leader , Turgut Özal , who had become Turkish president two years previously . The result was a swing against Özal 's former party in favour of its fierce centre - right rival , the True Path Party led by Süleyman Demirel . The vote saw two additional parties cross the 10 percent barrier to enter parliament . Necmettin Erbakan and his Welfare Party saw a party of religious background returned for the first time in 14 years . Welfare had a greatly increased share of the vote and took several key provinces , including Istanbul in 1994 local elections . Bülent Ecevit 's Democratic Left Party also scraped through to win seven seats . Voter turnout was 83.9 % .
candidates: head of state president president of turkey prime minister of turkey
answer: prime minister of turkey