query: country_of_citizenship ferenc hatvany
supports: The Académie Julian was a private art school for painting and sculpture founded in Paris, France in 1867 by French painter and teacher Rodolphe Julian (1839-1907) that was active from 1868 through 1968. It remained famous for the number and quality of artists who attended during the great period of effervescence in the arts in the early twentieth century. After 1968 it integrated with . Baron Ferenc Hatvany ( 29 October 1881 - 7 February 1958 ) was a Hungarian painter and art collector . A son of Sándor Hatvany - Deutsch and a member of the Hatvany - Deutsch family , he graduated in the Académie Julian in Paris . His collection included paintings from Tintoretto , Cézanne , Renoir , Ingres and Courbet , most notably L'Origine du monde and Femme nue couchée . Towards the end of the Second World War his paintings were looted by Soviet troops but some were ransomed by Hatvany . In 1947 he emigrated to Paris . In 1955 L'Origine du monde was sold at auction for 1.5 million francs ( the buyer was psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan ) . Paintings that were looted from Hatvany 's collection are still hanging on museum walls in Budapest , Moscow , and Nizhny Novgorod . John Constable 's `` Beaching A Boat , Brighton '' was identified in the collection of The Tate in 2014 . Hatvany died in Lausanne in 1958 . The Renaissance was a period in European history, from the 14th to the 17th century, regarded as the cultural bridge between the Middle Ages and modern history. It started as a cultural movement in Italy in the Late Medieval period and later spread to the rest of Europe, marking the beginning of the Early Modern Age. Tintoretto (born Jacopo Comin, late September or early October, 1518  May 31, 1594) was an Italian painter and a notable exponent of the Renaissance school. For his phenomenal energy in painting he was termed Il Furioso. His work is characterized by its muscular figures, dramatic gestures, and bold use of perspective in the Mannerist style, while maintaining color and light typical of the Venetian School. Pierre Louis Rodolphe Julian (13 June 1839 - 2 February 1907) born in Lapalud southeastern France was a French painter, etcher and professor, founder and director of the Académie Julian in Paris. The writer André Corthis (18821952), winner of the 1906 edition of the Prix Femina was his niece. France, officially the French Republic, is a country with territory in western Europe and several overseas regions and territories. The European, or metropolitan, area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. Overseas France include French Guiana on the South American continent and several island territories in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. France spans and had a total population of almost 67 million people as of January 2017. It is a unitary semi-presidential republic with the capital in Paris, the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. Other major urban centres include Marseille, Lyon, Lille, Nice, Toulouse and Bordeaux. An art school is an educational institution with a primary focus on the visual arts, especially illustration, painting, photography, sculpture, and graphic design. Art schools are institutions with elementary, secondary, post-secondary or undergraduate, or graduate or postgraduate programs in these areas. They are distinguished from larger institutions which also may offer majors or degrees in the visual arts, but only as one part of a broad-based range of programs (such as the liberal arts and sciences). France's École des Beaux-Arts is, perhaps, the first model for such organized instruction, breaking with a tradition of "master and apprentice" instruction when it was formed. Paris (French: ) is the capital and most populous city of France. It has an area of and a population in 2013 of 2,229,621 within its administrative limits. The city is both a commune and department, and forms the centre and headquarters of the Île-de-France, or Paris Region, which has an area of and a population in 2014 of 12,005,077, comprising 18.2 percent of the population of France. Femme nue couchée is an 1862 painting by French Realist painter Gustave Courbet (18191877). It depicts a young dark-haired woman reclining on a couch, wearing only a pair of shoes and stockings. Behind her, partly drawn red curtains reveal an overcast sky seen through a closed window. The work is likely influenced by Goya's "La maja desnuda". Jean Désiré Gustave Courbet (10 June 1819  31 December 1877) was a French painter who led the Realist movement in 19th-century French painting. Committed to painting only what he could see, he rejected academic convention and the Romanticism of the previous generation of visual artists. His independence set an example that was important to later artists, such as the Impressionists and the Cubists. Courbet occupies an important place in 19th-century French painting as an innovator and as an artist willing to make bold social statements through his work.  History.
  Identity of the model.
  At the time Courbet was working on the painting his favourite model was a young woman, Joanna Hiffernan, also known as "Jo". Her lover at the time was the American painter James Whistler, a friend of Courbet. Joanna "Jo" Hiffernan (ca. 1843  after 1903) was an Irish artists' model and muse who was romantically linked with American painter James Abbott McNeill Whistler and French painter Gustave Courbet. In addition to being an artists' model, Hiffernan herself also drew and painted. Hatvan is a town in Heves county, Hungary. Hatvan is the Hungarian word for "sixty". Hatvan is located at around . Baron Sándor Hatvany-Deutsch (1852  1913) was a leading Hungarian industrialist and art patron.
candidates: academic american france french republic hungary italy teacher writer
answer: hungary