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Why didn't anyone find the explosion tags hidden in Konoha earlier?
I am referring to the filler episode (Episode 200 of Naruto), where a Trap user named Gennō was on a mission to destroy Konoha by planting millions of explosive tags throughout the village while he disguised as a carpenter.
The tags were found 30 years after it was planted.
Why did they find it now?
Meanwhile in Konoha, there were the Hyuga clan who were Byakugan users. Why didn't they at least accidentally find one or two in millions of the explosive tags that were hidden in Konoha?

Can you give the specific episode number?

By amulets, do you mean explosive tags? Gennō had later revealed at the end that those tags were deactivated. So, finding and removing millions of already deactivated tags were a troubling act. Plus, since the tags were deactivated, the Hyuga couldn't detect it. Have to ask though, where was it mentioned that he had planted it 30 years back?

@EroSɘnnin Yes I do mean explosive tags. and it was in naruto episode number 200

@EroSɘnnin it is mentioned in the episode that he planeted them during the reconstruction of konoha. Although I'm not sure if it is 30 years back thought it was after the kyubii incident

One has to take a few things into consideration there.

Explosive tags do have only a bit of chakra compared to the chakra of the average Ninja. Thus with Ninjas all around......it is as if you are not looking for the tree with the eagle sitting upon it while walking through a forest. Even with their Byakugan active there were just so many chakra signatures.....stronger even that if they didn't look exactly for a low signature such as from a tag....they wouldn't really have noticed it.
The tags were not active at the time being. Thus the chakra was inactive and thus "stagnant". Which means that there was maybe a very small chakra signature to see for a Hyuga and others who can feel chakra.....but it didn't do anything. As we know every human produces chakra too. So again it could be explained by just noting that if there is something small that does nothing (a bee sitting on a flower) while you are passing others near you (wasps flying around you) you are not going to really put any conscious notice to the small bee.
As we know time and again from the series the Byakugan is not infallible. There seem even to be seals that can block their usage. The best example being Naruto himself. If he did not ACTIVELY use the kyubis chakra (aka let it out of the seal).......no Hyuga even noticed something different about him (compared to others that is). Sadly it is not 100% clear if that is the nature of seals in general or if there are special seals which makes chakra that is not actively set free/used invisible to Hyugas (which is more plausible, as the Hyugas then later on in the episode the OP mentioned find the tags).

All in all it is plausible that the hyugas did not see the tags (small, static chakra while big moving chakra sources are all around them).
The only thing that baffled me about the episode is thus not that it was not noticed.....it was more the MASS of tags he had. As we know they are not THAT cheap to buy/manufacture.  Thus he almost used a stockpile that must have been worth a kages yearly income (or more). And also how he got them into the city unnoticed. That much paper probably WOULD have been noticed by someone.
But as far as I'm aware there was no reference in that one episode to how he managed to do these two things.


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Why was Pikachu chosen to be the main Pokemon of the anime?
In the Red and Blue game version of Pokemon, the 3 starters are Squirtle, Charmander and Bulbasaur.
As the anime is based on the game, it would be logical that the main Pokemon (the one with Ash since the beginning) is one of those three starters.
Is there any specific reason why any of those three Pokemon weren't chosen to be the mascot? Why and how was Pikachu chosen by the producers over all the 150 other Pokemon?

Ash did have the choice of choosing from the starter trio. But he wasn't able to, since he arrived late. The starter trio had been chosen by other trainers and Professor Oak gave Ash a Pikachu.
This plot was shaped in a clever manner to bring Pikachu up as Pokemon that will represent the Pokemon series.
Like you've mentioned, the game versions give Pikachu a minor role but it was enough to gain popularity among the players. An interview with the creator of Pokemon, Satoshi Tajiri, states so:

TIME: Pikachu is sort of marginal in the game. But it's now the best-known character. How'd that happen?
Tajiri: When they did the anime, they wanted a specific character to focus on. Pikachu was relatively popular compared with the others and potentially both boys and girls would like it. They heard a lot of opinions about this. It wasn't my idea.

The youngsters who had played the Pokemon games were attracted to Pikachu. The reasons to why Pikachu, out of all the other Pokemon, could be because of its characteristics. Ikue Otani (voice of Pikachu) responded in a similar way when asked the same question:

Why do you think Pikachu is so popular with young people?
IO:I think it’s like being the owner of a pet dog; you’re always wondering what your dog is thinking, but you also believe that you understand your dog better than anyone else could ever hope to understand it. You can tell its thoughts just by looking at its face or how it is behaving. Whether it’s hungry, happy or sad. That’s exactly how Satoshi and Pikachu communicate. Because Pikachu can’t say anything other than its name, the audience has to think about what the “Pikachu” noises mean and learn to understand the character. Ultimately, I think kids feel like they are Pikachu’s owner.

The reason Pikachu was chosen to be the mascot, was because of its popularity. It was a brilliant marketing scheme, by taking advantage of the popularity of Pikachu from the games, and incorporating it into the anime and merchandise, sales had soared. The dynamic yet cute relationship between Ash and Pikachu was also another factor to bring up the sales.

TIME: How does that translate to the U.S.?
Tajiri: It's interesting, because in Japan, everybody goes for Pikachu. In the U.S., the characters Ash [Satoshi in Japan] and Pikachu are grouped together. American kids seem to like that. In America there are more products sold with Ash and Pikachu together, not just Pikachu alone. I think Americans actually understand the concept of Pokémon better than the Japanese. The Japanese focus on Pikachu, but what I think is important is the human aspect--you need Ash.

Why was Pikachu chosen to be the main Pokemon of the anime?
Pikachu is among the most recognizable Pokémon, largely because a Pikachu is a central character in the Pokémon anime series. Pikachu is widely considered the most popular Pokémon, is regarded as the official mascot of the Pokémon franchise, and has become an icon of Japanese culture in recent years.
According to Pikachu's entry in wikipedia which stated:

Initially both Pikachu and the Pokémon Clefairy were chosen to be lead characters for the franchise merchandising, with the latter as the primary mascot to make the early comic book series more "engaging". However, with the production of the animated series, Pikachu was chosen as the primary mascot, in an attempt to appeal to female viewers and their mothers, and under the belief that the creature presented the image of a recognizable intimate pet for children. Its color was also a deciding factor, as yellow is a primary color and easier for children to recognize from a distance, and with consideration to the fact the only other competing yellow mascot at the time was Winnie-the-Pooh. Though Tajiri acknowledged that the character was relatively popular with both boys and girls, the idea of Pikachu as the mascot was not his own, and stated he felt the human aspect of the series was overlooked by Japanese children who embraced Pikachu by itself more readily

In The Anime

In the first episode, Ash receives his Pikachu from Professor Oak as his starting Pokémon. New trainers are given a starting Pokémon; in Ash's homeland of Kanto this is often Charmander, Squirtle, or Bulbasaur, but Ash overslept and got Pikachu instead.

In other Pokémon media

Pikachu is one of the main Pokémon used in many of the Pokémon manga
  series. In Pokémon Adventures, main characters Red and Yellow both
  train Pikachu, which create an egg that Gold hatches into a Pichu.
  Other series, including Magical Pokémon Journey and Getto Da Ze also
  feature Pikachu while other manga series, such as Electric Tale of
  Pikachu, and Ash & Pikachu, feature the most well known Pikachu
  belonging to Ketchum in the anime series

source: Stack Exchange

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What are the many references Dragon Ball Series makes to other franchises/people?
I was watching Dragon Ball and couldn’t help noticing the reference to Bruce Lee and Jackie Chan  in the World Tournament Saga.

So my question is, are their more such references in the series or this is as far as it gets?

There are a lot of references made to other works and people in the series…
Inspirations
As a matter of fact, the series was inspired by and has some major references to

Journey to the West

Jackie Chan

Bruce Lee

You can read more about it here.
Names
As one knows, the names in the series are usually puns on something or the other.
For eg.

Saiyan comes from Yasai meaning Vegetable and so the names are related to those
In fact, the Brief Family’s names are a pun on Undergarments
Frieza's henchmen are named after Fruits

You can read about the origins of many more names here.
Tenkaichi Budokai (天下一武道会)

You must have heard of Tenkaichi Budokai’s English translation- "World’s Martial Arts Tournament." I’ll say that that translation maybe right, but has lost it’s essence. A more accurate translation of Tenkaichi Budokai is “The Number One Under Heaven Martial Arts Gathering.”
It was inspired from Lei Tai – The Thunder Hand Platform; a Chinese martial arts tournament. You can read more about it here.
New Testament
I believe that Goku's returning from the dead to save everyone is a reference to the New Testament.

Now to begin with references present only in a certain series..
Dragon Ball

 Bruce Lee

Great Lee (A Character that resembles Bruce Lee)

Great Lee (グレート・リー, Gurēto Rī; "Great Lee"), also known as the Bruce  Lee Impersonator, is a character who resembles the real life martial artist  Bruce Lee.

￼He is first seen in a vision when Krillin tells Goku about the World  Martial Arts Tournament in the episode "Milk Delivery". Later, the Bruce  Lee Impersonator is seen several times in the Elimination Round at the 21st  World Martial Arts Tournament.

Bruce Lee Impersonator in West City
Another character that resembles Bruce Lee is seen in West City in the  episode 43, where he challenges people to a street fight and anyone who  beats him will get 100,000 zeni.
During the preliminaries for the 22nd Tenkaichi Budokai, Yamaha  says,"Boards don't hit back". It's a reference to Bruce Lee's movie "Enter  the Dragon."
Muscle Tower itself is a reference to a level of the game Spartan X/Kung  Fu master which was based off of Bruce Lee's Game of Death.
To know more check the inspirations part at the beginning of this answer.
 Chinese Dynasties

         The Tiger Thief                               Bear Thief                        Qing Dynasty Armor

The armor the Tiger Thief wears resembles that worn by Chinese soldiers during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The Bear Thief, the Tiger Thief, the nameless warrior trapped in the Gourd of Mist, the Ox King, Sky Dragon, and Lord Yao also wear similar armors.

 Dracula

Fangs The Vampire from Fortuneteller Baba Saga. A direct reference to Dracula.
 Dragon Quest

              Archdemon                          Cyclops                                           Orc

                                                             Shaman

 Dr. Slump
There are a lot of references to the characters of Dr. Slump. The major ones being the episodes in General Blue Saga taking place in
Penguin Village.

 Chenshi

￼
               Chenshi from fortuneteller baba saga
               His character design is exactly the same as Turbo Norimaki (Dr. Slump).

 Commander Red's Painter

￼
The Painter

During the General Blue Saga, Commander Red has his portrait painted by an anthropomorphic goat, who is similar in appearance to Dr. Goat, who appears in Akira Toriyama's Today's Highlight Island and Dr. Slump series.

 Soldier 23

￼
        Soldier 23 General Blue Saga
        Soldier 23 was one of the last soldiers of General Blue's sector. He has a slight         resemblance to Senbei Norimaki from the Dr. Slump series.
 Frankenstein's Monster

       Android #8 AKA Eighter (Japanese - Hat-chan) is a direct reference to Frankenstein's        monster.

 Hwang Jang Lee

Mercenary Taopaipai is based on the Korean actor Hwang Jang Lee who played Thunderleg in Jackie Chan's Drunken Master.
 Jackie Chan

      Jackie Chun is a direct reference to Jackie Chan. To know more check the inspirations part at       the beginning of this answer.

 Sitting Bull

Little Flower's Father from Aru Village in Emperor Pilaf Saga
  Little Flower's Father (or Becky's Father in the Ocean Group dub) is a native American who lives in Aru Village. He bears a slight resemblance to the famous Sioux Indian chief Sitting Bull.

 Superman

Superman from Dr. Slump in the Penguin Village episode, makes an appearance and goes to a phone booth to change his clothes, acting as a reference to Superman.
 Tall Man

￼
Tall Man from Tournament Saga

Tall Man (known as Noppo (ノッポ) in the Japanese version) is one of the cowboys seen in the Brown Country saloon. He seems to be a parody of the type of heroes in old westerns.

 Terminator

Major Metallitron is a direct reference to Arnold Schwarzenegger's movie "Terminator"
 The Invisible Man

See-Through The Invisible Man from Fortuneteller Baba Saga is a direct reference to the book by the same name.
 The Mummy

Bandages The Mummy from Fortuneteller Baba Saga is a direct reference to the movie with the same name
 The Wizard of Oz
There was a cameo of Dorothy, the Scarecrow, the Tin Man, the Cowardly Lion and Jack Pumpkinhead from the Wizard of Oz in the 22nd World Martial Arts Tournament.

 Ultraseven

Kid Chichi's helmet is a reference to Ultraseven.
 Unnamed Big Fighter

￼

An unnamed fighter who fought the Bruce Lee Impersonator for 100,000 zen in the Red Ribbon Army Saga. This big fighter only appears in the anime.
  He bears a slight resemblance to retired USMC drill instructor and actor R. Lee Ermey.

 Urashima Taro

The entire turtle storyline that leads into Kame Rennin's first appearance  is a reference to the legend of Urashima Taro.

Dragon Ball Z

 Aliens

Third Form of Frieza is a direct reference to Aliens from fictional novels.
 Baragon

The monster who fought Frankenstein in "Frankenstein Conquers the World" and later joined Godzilla's family - A cameo in Capsule Corps' garden
 Cinderella
The names Bibidi, Babidi, and Buu are a direct reference to Fairy Godmother's song from Cinderella.
 Himitsu no Akko-chan
Yakon is named after the magical phrase "Teku-Maku-Mayakon" from the shoujo manga and anime Himitsu no Akko-chan.
 KFC
A KFC Colonel Sanders appears once during the Buu Saga.

￼

 Michael Jackson

King Kai's Bubbles is a direct reference to Michael Jackson's Bubbles.
 Mothra

Hirudegarn crashing into the TV tower before undergoing metamorphosis is an homage to the first Mothra movie (1961).
Super Sentai

Ginyu Force

The Ginyu Force has some resemblances and references to Super Sentai teams (and by extension, Power Rangers teams): five color-coded warriors, tendencies to pose during battle, role calls and supernatural powers.

 The Terminator
Complete Android and Cell Saga is a reference to The Terminator
 The Sword in the Stone

The Z-sword is a direct reference to The Sword in the Stone.
 Yatterman

Gohan dressing up as "Great Saiyaman" Videl dressing up as "Great Saiyaman #2" is be a reference to Yatterman, where Yatterman's girlfriend is "Yatterman No.2".

DBZ Fukkatsu No F
Bruce Lee

Goku doing the one-inch punch
Jaco saying "ahhh" after the punch
Whis did a WingChun stance
Vegeta slowly dropping his leg after kicking Frieza

countless indeed

Yeah, took me a lot of time to type it...

Now that's a long answer

Nice answer mate! It could be interesting to add (if one finds back the source) that Dragon's Ball author stated that all his manga's happened in the same world so this would be an "in universe" reason why there is so much references to his other works (Dr. Slump, etc)

Thanx @Ikaros. As a matter of fact, I was inspired by you to write this answer.... Thanx a lot for giving me this idea...I will have to search more in that case... I added all those things which I found had something to support them...

I guess you are talking about my SnO answer? Well I'm happy to see that I do inspire great answers!

@Ikaros  Yeah. It was the SnO answer which inspired me... And thanx to you, I had the pleasure of writing such an answer. I am happy that I was of some help to the community. To be frank, your answer interested me a lot. I was always attracted to myths and legends... Your answer hit the right spot... I learned a lot.. And got inspired by you... I would like to read some more great answers such as yours....  In short, I owe you one.

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Why does Dragon Ball Z have the letter Z in its title?
Why is did they add the letter Z in this series of Dragon Ball? It seems kind of odd to throw that letter in there for no reason. I know that the Z is symbolized a lot in Dragon Ball Z (ex. The Z Sword, The Z Fighters, Zenie, etc.) but what does the Z literally stand for, and for what reason Akira Toriyama decide to use this letter in the title?

You can find the answer in a lot of forums:

As the Dragon Ball anime series approached one of the manga’s major
  turning points, the anime staff approached Akira Toriyama about
  changing the name of the anime series to help change the “image” of
  the series. Thinking he would be ending the series sometime soon,
  Toriyama decided to signify this by simply adding the last letter in
  the alphabet to the series name. Little did he know that Dragon Ball Z
  would go on to be one of the most successful, popular, and recognized
  action anime series of all time.

Also from Dragon Ball Z Wikipedia:

The title "Dragon Ball Z" was chosen by Akira Toriyama because Z is
  the last letter of the alphabet and he wanted to finish the series
  because he was running out of ideas for Dragon Ball. Conventional
  knowledge in Japan used the "Z" only for the anime to separate Goku's
  childhood and adult life.

Deja vu, Final Fantasy?

Youre correct. There a lot of answers on many forums, some of them different from what you have answered here. Like on this site, it says it was simply a mistake and that the z was originally a 2, but Toriyama went with it, and a few other theories. Im looking for real down to Earth evidence, so if you can find a quote, or maybe even an interview source, Ill accept your answer. Here's the link I was talking about: http://dragonball.wikia.com/wiki/Forum:What_does_the_Z_stand_for_in_Dragon_Ball_Z%3F

If you look up on the most site and on the wiki it says: The title "Dragon Ball Z" was chosen by Akira Toriyama because Z is the last letter of the alphabet and he wanted to finish the series because he was running out of ideas for Dragon Ball. Conventional knowledge in Japan used the "Z" only for the anime to separate Goku's childhood and adult life.

@pap, Then the "Z" would represent the series after the end of Goku's childhood.

That's what I actually said :P @StarPilot


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Why was the bridge already down when the second train arrived?
In the first episode of the new anime "Koutetsujou-no-Kabaneri", the first train had to stop before they let it enter the station.
(which can be seen in the following picture)

Why was the bridge already down before the second train even arrived? This made it easy for the Kabane to invade the station.
(here you can see that the bridge was already down before the train even arrived)

Was this an error? Or is it a part of the plot, to let the Kabane enter the station?

I think it is rather dangerous to keep train staying outside for some longtime

It's not clear as of now why Koutetsujou (the first train) had to wait before entering the station whereas Fusoujou (the second train) didn't.
However, a likely reason is that they were expecting Fusoujou to arrive on that day whereas Koutetsujou was to arrive on the next day, but was running ahead of its schedule.
Moreover, I don't think they expected the whole train to be filled with Kabane. They most likely only expected a few to be bitten and planned to get rid of them at the station, like they did with Koutetsujou.

Why was the bridge already down before the train even arrived?

It wasn't. The bridge was lowered when they saw Husoujyou coming, as can be seen here:

you are right, i meant that they were lowering the bridge as soon as they heard the train... i think even if the bridge was up, it would crash at the wall but throw the kabane across the bridge. it annoys me a little that they made this mistake...

@BBallBoy I don't think so. I believe that the train would go down, rather than crash against the walls protecting the town. Maybe, if it was going fast, crash below the walls. Since Kabane (the general ones we've seen uptil now) don't seem to be smart, they wouldn't try to jump either. Most likely, they would go down with the train. It may be different if they were smart though. I may be wrong, and this question may itself get answered in the anime, but that's what I think.

I think, it is rather dangerous to keep train staying outside for some long time, since it is easier for Kabane to get on it, so getting bridge down right to the train arrival seems pretty logical to me. That's why bridge was lowered for second train.
On other hand, first train arrival was not scheduled. I think, that's why bridge was not lowered in time.

In episode 1, it is implied that there is a strict schedule to when trains arrive. I think as long as you arrive according to schedule, the town will just lower the bridge beforehand, as staying outside in a potentially kabane-infested zone is very dangerous.
However, Mumei's train was said to be out of schedule and arrived early. Thus nobody is aware that it is coming and thus they don't lower the bridge.


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Why are crosses so popular in anime and manga?
I've recently noticed that I see a lot of "Crosses" in manga and anime. I thought it was just because Japan has a lot of Christians as I remember my history teacher telling me how Japanese people once really liked the Bible when Europeans came to explore, until the Shogun or someone of great power closed the gates of Japan and essentially isolated Japan from the outside world.
Some of the more popular characters that I currently remember are Asuna Yuuki (SAO) in the real world when meeting Kirito and Dracule Hawkeye (One Piece).
After further investigation, I realized Japan was only 1 percent Christian.
Is there another meaning to the Cross in Japan?

See this. From my experience, crosses are most commonly just an aesthetic part of anime which portray religious groups, castles, holy warriors, epic crusades, etc. They're just cool symbols and not much else.

Note that the cross is a very graphically-simple symbol - it's just two lines intersecting at right angles! Even independently of its associations with Christianity, the use of the cross as a visual motif isn't terribly strange. (Contrast, for example, the swastika, or the Star of David, both of which are more graphically-complex. In those cases, I think it'd be fair to say that they're almost certainly used to evoke Buddhist or Jewish associations, respectively.)

You'll also see Christians (and hence, crosses) overrepresented in anime relative to their actual presence in Japan (<1%), just like you'll see Jews overrepresented in US media (you may be surprised to find that the US is only ~2% Jewish). A minority religion is a fairly effective "quirk" to make a character more interesting.

One possible explanation could be that it looks foriegn or exotic, or "western". In Neon Genesis Evangelion, which uses the cross symbol pretty rampantly, one of the creators gave this explanation (from the Q&A "Amusing Himself to Death" with Tsurumaki):

Can you explain the symbolism of the cross in Evangelion?
KT: There are a lot of giant robot shows in Japan, and we did want our story to have a religious theme to help distinguish us. Because Christianity is an uncommon religion in Japan we thought it would be mysterious. None of the staff who worked on Eva are Christians. There is no actual Christian meaning to the show, we just thought the visual symbols of Christianity look cool. If we had known the show would get distributed in the US and Europe we might have rethought that choice.

(Emphasis is mine)
So it may not be that the cross means something different in Japan (most weddings take place in a Christian church, I believe), but that because it has an air of the exotic or mysterious.

It's not that commom the crosses, I think it's just a coincidence because the genre of anime you like. One Piece has a lot of cultures involved, so it's not that surprising to have some crosses, or a Bible like Bartholomew Kuma, and in the case of Mihawk it's more a reference to vapires. Asuna was part of a guild that have a holy symbol, the cross that she have remember the guild's symbol, crosses like that it's commom in medieval themes and in RPG games, like Sword Art Online.
Most of medieval animes or animes that have magic use the western culture, so a lot of crosses and "sisters" appear. And I think is not because of the crosses, just the western culture it's more popular in this genre of anime and has more variety of things.
If you search, most of the animes are not related to crosses or to christianism, just a few, and because that I say again, it's just the genres of anime that you like xD

Hideaki Anno is notorious for stating the crosses in Evangeline are pointless. Well I personally believe that EVA is trying to use existing themes to get its point across, the show is also filled with Buddhism references. For instance when Shinji is running away he is sitting under a statue of Hariti Goddess/Demon for  protection of children.
The main use of crosses in EVA is simply that it looks cool and to a mainly atheist country with a history of Buddhism; it looks interesting and stands out.
I do believe that since the USA has a history with Christianity we are all guilty of putting emphasis on certain symbols. Its similar to how most Americans perceive the majority of anime characters as being white.


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Can Saitama breathe in space?
I'm just wondering whether Saitama could live in space, just like Superman or Goku, without needing oxygen to breathe?

No, he can not breathe in space.
In the chapter 47 (35.2), Boros punches Saitama so hard that he is sent flying towards the moon. When he lands there, he does his best to hold his breath:

The real question is "can he resists space radiation?"

I don't think short term exposure to outer space is dangerous for radiation first. Rather, insanely low temperature.

The pressure would kill a person anyway :p

His resistance to punches kind of implies resistance to pressure changes.

Space, which is a vacuum, has very low pressure. This drops the boiling point of water to very low temperature. Therefore, the first side effect of outer space will be that your blood start boiling. There are better ways to go!

Your blood wouldn't start boiling for a while. The fluid in your eyes and mouth on the other hand, will in fact suffer.

Based on the anime, Saitama first looks around calmly, realizes he's in space, then covers his nose. While this isn't solid evidence, the fact he just didn't even realize this is probable evidence of one of two things: either Saitama does not require any breath and had passively stopped breathing at all, or he is simply such a broken character that he ignores logic until he realizes it's even there in the first place. Either way the air should have escaped from his body within seconds, so based on a logical standpoint I can only assume that yes, Saitama can breathe in space.

No. Saitama is extremely powerful, but he's still only human. He isn't really indestructible, immortal, unkillable, and he still has human needs. He still needs O² like anyone else. He can survive in space, apparently, but he cannot breathe. he does his best to hold his breath.

No matter how strong he may be, Saitama wasn't holding his breath until after a few seconds of being on the moon. the minute he left the atmosphere, the air inside him, which is normal oxygen and nitrogen, would be sucked out. Strength has nothing to do with his oxygen deprivation. No breath holding equals no oxygen, so no reaction to oxygen loss equals no oxygen dependency. Saitama can't die from space.

Yes, Saitama can survive in space.
In Chapter 167 (2022) of the manga, Saitama demonstrates his ability to survive in space. During a battle with Awakened Garou on Io, one of Jupiter's moons, Saitama speaks and fights freely without holding his breath. This suggests he can breathe in Io's extremely thin atmosphere, which is essentially a vacuum.

Interestingly, this seems to contradict an earlier scene in Volume 7, Chapter 36 (2014) of the manga, where Saitama apparently cannot breathe on the moon.
For those curious about this discrepancy, I've asked about it in another post: Why does Saitama's ability to breathe in space seem inconsistent between different One-Punch Man chapters?

It's an odd plot hole, isn't it? I never quite understood why OPM and other shows have that kind of thing in them.

No he can't. He had to hold his breath while in the moon. That means no. However he can travel through space without external help. He got shot to the moon and he got back without a rocket. His durability and endurance is enough for that.

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What are the Guardian of Earth's tasks in Dragon Ball series?
In case the question is not very clear, What I want to know is:

What Dende or Kami must do as the Guardian of Earth?
Do they have to protect human being from evil?
Do they have to create the dragon balls?
Do they have to hear and grant (if appropriate) any humans wish
(as the comment said they referenced as God)?
Do they have to watch over every activity that people on earth do?
If they don't have to create dragon balls, do they have to be from Namek?
Aside from people safety, in what problems they may or must help humans
for fulfilling their job as Guardian of Earth?

Basically, the question is what are their tasks as the Guardian of Earth?

Because of the dragon balls, you know..

Do you mean what in the Dragonball universe is refered as god on earth?

Well, I don't think the question is very clear. I think you should make it more clear by editing in what exactly you want to know about that, and why it may be important.

@Hakase updated. added some details.

Great! Next time just edit it to make it look like it was the initial version, without "edited" or "updated", that's just unnecessary as you can always see each revision in post history.

Try to ask one question per post. I see at least 2 questions here: "What Dende or Kami must do as the guardian of earth?" and "Do they have to be from Namek?". I think I can pick out one or two more distinct questions from your list.

Yep, I edited the question title. The first one is what I want to know so badly. Anyway, thanks for constructive comment. And sorry if my english is not so nice (not my main language).

@MasBagol: To make sure that you get satisfactory answer for your questions, it's best to split them up into multiple questions, if they are not closely related. Otherwise, people will just post an answer to one of those questions without addressing others. For example, "do they have to be from Namek?" worth its own question and should be post separately.

As is mentioned on the wikia site,

Guardian (神様, Kami-sama; lit. "God") is the title given to the individual protectors of planets in the Dragon Ball series.
Despite their names, the Guardians' role is closer to that of an overseer.

As the Guardian of Earth (I will be using GE as an abbreviation), Kami or Dende have to protect the human beings from evil. A few examples being

Kami training Goku during the Piccolo Jr. Saga.
Kami training the other Z Warriors during the Saiyan Saga.

Kami and Mr. Popo spreading the Sacred Water throughout the entire world using the Seven Air Currents located inside Kami's Lookout in order to cure the Earthlings from the effects of Garlic Jr.'s Black Water Mist.

To expand a bit more on their job,

Guardians have an indirect reporting relationship to one of the Kais (in the case of the Guardian of Earth, this is King Kai).
Another way of looking at this is that Guardians are more supervisors than they are managers.
They have many of the powers associated with Gods, including the ability to see and sense events around the world, to travel to and guide souls to Other World, and to be a general protector of the people.

This concludes the tasks of the GE.
Now to answer your other questions,

The GE doesn't necessarily have to be from Namek. The reference being that

Kami was the first Namekian GE.
Kami asks Goku to replace him as the GE after the World Martial Arts Tournament in Piccolo Jr. Saga.

As the GE doesn't have to be Namekian, they don't have to create the dragon balls.
They do grant human wishes if they are appropriate. An example being when he gave a new life to Shenron on Goku's demand after he was destroyed by King Piccolo.

I believe this answers all your questions...

well much better than mine that is clear +1

@xerido Thanks. As a matter of fact, your answer is good too...

In the anime and the manga the guardian of earth functions are more of a supervisors than actual defender (had to search up for this).
They normaly report the state of the earth to one of the Kais. They don't directly mend with human activities and are more concerned with other tasks, like mantaining the varius portals that exist where they live.
Now to the rest of the questions regarding namekians:

No they don't have to be namekian, Kami was the first namekian Guardian, before he was named kami he was the nameless namekian. to become kami ( or the guardian), he had to cast out all the evil inside him that is what becomes piccolo.
They don't create the dragonballs, they didn't existed until kami came to earth, because dragonballs are a namekian creation of a specific cast.
Dende became the new guardian after kami because kami fused with piccolo jr and the dragon balls stoped to work, dende is of the special cast of namekians that can create dragonballs, he even empowered them after restoring them making him able to grant two wishes instead of one

Source: http://dragonball.wikia.com/wiki/Guardian


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Is it necessary for the Gym Leaders of a region to know each other?
As far as I remember from the anime series and the games, after beating one of eight Gym Leaders in a region, some leader said something about the next Gym Leader.
Like they know who, where, or what specialist-type the next Gym Leader is.
But, I watched the current XY series, Clemont, the Gym Leader of Lumiose City's Gym who travels with Ash, always wonders about the kind of next Gym Leader that Ash will face.
UPDATE
Each region has 8 Gym Leaders, and they give a badge after being defeated. We need all 8 badges to enter the Pokemon League to beat the Elite Four and the Champion.
I just want to know if they, as Gym Leaders, must have known each other or not?

the question is far too broad to answer, it´s like you are asking do people know people. Some know each other some don´t.

@Eumel Yes I know, but I just want to know if them, as Gym Leaders, must know Each other or not, because they have same role that give trainer badge for access the league.

voting to reopen. it is not too broad, disagree with @Eumel. He is not asking if people know people. He is asking if people belonging to a important and scpecific niche know each other. Same question on a different setting: Do all the Silicon Valley billion-dollar-companies CEOs know each other? Hard to answer, but not too broad.

I can give this question a proper answer as-is as of the time of this comment posting.

I edited my question...

My closest guess would be comparing it to someone in the same business.  Theres 300+ people working in the same office as me, 3k or so in the same company all across the globe, but I only interact with 20 or so people.  I know of the highers ups and may recognize other team leaders or the CEO, but I haven't really spoken with them nor do i know fully what they do.  Maybe it's the same for Gym leaders, it's clearly an organization set up all over the world, and whilst you would expect the leaders in the same region to know each other, maybe Clemont put in no effort at all.

@gorp I would make that an answer since it' pretty much what I wanted to say.

No there is no reason to. As some of the strongest trainers of the region, gym leaders may know each other but there is no necessity.
Case in point, Misty didn't know Brock was Petalburg's gym leader even though she was at that time not the Cerulean's leader. But throughout the journey Brock doesn't recognise most of the gym leaders. On the other hand several leaders know each other as well as the Elite Four. The reason for this is probably gyms are taken over strong trainers who went to the league or the Elite Four.
The reason why this is not a necessity that there is no set order for you to fight the gym leaders. There is no prescribed order to fight the gyms in an order. Even in the first generation games you could possibly battle Fuchsia, Celadon and Saffron gyms in different orders. In future games the HMs can only be used by defeating a gym and that HM is usually required to reach that next gym and thus the need of order of a particular gym. Or sometimes its locked, gym leader missing etc. other side quests.
In the anime, the current gym leader would realistically know which gym is the closest and leaders are usually helpful enough to pass it on to the trainer. But he is not required to fight the gym and may chose to proceed to another. Example: Ash skipped the Petalburg gym because Vigoroth was too powerful for his team and came back later. (As I remember, been a long time since I last saw Pokemon)
Also it is conclusive there are more than 8 gyms in any region of pokemon.
Refer to:
Does each Region only have 8 gyms in pokemon?

You mention both the games and the anime. Well, the answer depends on the canon referred to.
The Pokemon Adventures manga depicts how the Pokemon League is organized more clearly. The League sponsors gym leaders to run their gyms, challenge trainers, and give out badges. They are occasionally called together for meetings. In the manga we see the gym leaders gather together on several occasions. For instance, in the Gold and Silver chapter, there are a set of exhibition matches between the Johto and Kanto gym leaders. And since the gym leaders are considered the elites, they are often called upon when calamity strikes. Basically, the gym leaders are all part of the same organization and are likely to know each other.
Contrast this to the anime, where how the gym leaders and Pokemon League are organized is less clear. From observation of the gym leaders, it seems there is little reason for them to know each other. If they're not hanging with Ash or on a training journey in the next town, they mostly just seem to stay in one place. So then, we get gym leaders like Clemont who only have heard rumors about other gym leaders. Of course, post-XYZ, Clemont will have met all of the other gym leaders of Kalos.


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Can a Nen user still use their abilities after Kuroro Lucifer steals it?
When Kuroro Lucifer steals the ability of another nen user, does it mean that the original user wont be able to use it anymore? Or is it like a copy-paste, like Ging copy-pasting the punching abilities? Because in the last arc, he was using Shalnark's ability 'Black voice'.
Does it mean the original user can't use it anymore? Can Chrollo give back the nen abilities that he stole?

According to his wiki page they do not have access to the ability anymore. Unfortunately, it is not stated wether or not he can give the skill back. It is probably safe to assume he would not give it back due to his status as leader of the Gen'ei Ryodan.

Chrollo's Nen ability allows him to steal the Hatsu of other people to use them as his own using a conjured book known as the "Bandit's Secret." The theft victim, of course, no longer has access to their stolen ability. The theft happens under strict conditions:
1.He must witness the Nen ability in action with his eyes.
2.He must ask about the ability and be answered by the victim.
3.His victim's palm must touch the handprint on the cover of Bandit's Secret.
4.All of the above must be done within an hour.

He is able to give the ability back, or at least he has convinced Shalnark he can, as he asks Shalnark during a phone call whether he needs his ability (black voice) back.

Nostrade’s daughter lost her ability to tell people’s fortunes after Chrollo stole it, so I think its safe to assume that people lose their abilities once he steals them. I am not sure whether or not he can return them.


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Would the City Hunter manga not be exported anymore?
I've read the city hunter manga, which has about 193 chapters. But there are only 136 chapters available in my country. Did they stop translation and distribution of the rest of the chapters in foreign countries?

available where?

City Hunter on Wikipedia says there are 35 Volumes to the series originally running in Japan from 1985 to 1991/1992.
on the List of Chapters the final volume came out in April 1992 however chapter information stops at Volume 26 with Chapter 137 saying "(incomplete)" and with the inconsistent number of chapters per volume it's hard to extrapolate how many chapters there was by Volume 35. this relates to the Japanese release
the English Release appears to have more chapters per volume with Volume 5 ending at Chapter 44 - Gambling Queen, however judging by the names of chapters in the English version it appears some of the Japanese Chapters were split, such as Volume 4: Chapter 15 - A Lame Teacher in the Japanese version appears to match with the English Version's Chapters 29-31 - The Wacky Professor Part 1-3. As there are no ISBN numbers for the English Version after Volume 5 one can assume there are no Legal English versions released beyond Volume 5.
On City Hunter's Wikipedia Page, inside the right side info box under English publisher it says

NA
  Gutsoon! Entertainment (incomplete, defunct)

looking at Gutsoon! Entertainment's Wikipedia Page it says

On March 15, 2004, Gutsoon! announced that they will be placing their Rajin Comics brand on hiatus. Raijin Comics ceased publication with its July 2004 issue (issue #46) and the Raijin Graphic Novels line was subsequently cancelled as well.

this is also confirmed on City Hunter's Wikipedia Page

Attempts were made to license the series for the American comic market during the 1980s; however, Hojo insisted the manga should be released in the right-to-left format. In 2002 Coamix created an American subsidiary, Gutsoon! Entertainment. City Hunter was a flagship title in their Raijin Comics Anthology. Raijin switched from a weekly format to a monthly format before being cancelled after 46 issues.

In these magazine serializations in Japan a Manga Series is generally released a chapter at a time in each issue so the 44 Chapters of the English Version run close to the 46 Issues of Raijin Comics
As for other countries there doesn't seem to be any data for their release however the Wikipedia page may only be detailing the original Japanese release and English because it itself is in English as Anime News Network list other countries that the manga series has been published in, however as i don't know any other languages getting data from another Language's Wikipedia will be a bit harder.
From the data we have on Wikipedia for City Hunter we can say that only up to Volume 5: Chapter 22 - The Game's Queen was officially localized in English as Chapter 44 - Gambling Queen. any other chapters in english that are floating around on the internet i would suspect to be scanlations.
scanlation status is not on topic here on Anime and Manga as such you probably wont find any information here as to any announcement by the scanlation circle why they have stopped, however possible reasons could be due to

Lack of access to the Raw Japanese Manga
Lack of Staff (scanlation circles shouldn't be profiting so the staff only works when they have the time)
Being told to stop by the publishers/mangaka (has happened if i recall, just not sure on the title)
Just a lack of interest in the series, this can be combined with Lack of Staff as Staff can leave individually when they lack interest.

It's available in Italian up to chapter 193, the full series. It's also available in French. The Italian version has the advantage of being quite cheap to buy, so I highly recommend you to do so you should be able to find it at any online bookshop, and when in doubt, amazon.it or amazon.fr may do the trick. I understand much of Italian being Spanish, so I could read it using the dictionary from time to time. If you don't know any Latin-based language, though, this may not help you, but at least Italian would be easier to understand than Japanese.

By online, cite a specific publisher/website. If it's an unofficial translations/scanlations, then you are not allowed to put it here as this site does not and will never support piracy. I would suggest revising your answer to include legal sources without duplicating information already mentioned in the previous answer.


text:
Why are the royal guards so powerful?
In the latest episode 85, Pitou easily killed Kite even though Killua said Kite is as strong or stronger than a Nen Master.  I thought chimera ants had nen similar to that of humans.  How come they are so strong?

Before the royal guard was born, the chimera ants became aware of humans with 'excessive life force' (a.k.a. nen) and the queen ordered them to hunt down any nen users that were in the area for her consumption. We know that there were hunters in the country at the time, like Ponzu and Pokkle's group etc. We can assume that the queen consumed these hunters and the royal guard inherited the nen abilities.
The rest of the chimera ants are receiving (as of episode 85) their nen abilities the regular way - through the "baptism" which awakens nen in a person. This is how most humans acquire nen abilities, as was probably the case with Kite.
The overwhelming strength of the royal guard can be attributed to:

They are born able to use nen, unlike human most nen users who are "baptised". This gives them an advantage because their understanding and ability to use nen is innate, not learned through years of training and study.
Chimera ants are insects by nature and are usually brutal, savage, and cruel. This leads to more menacing battle auras, which can hinder the fighting ability of a human opponent if the aura is intimidating enough. For example, Pitou's aura was menacing enough to scare away Gon and Killua.
Chimera ants also have the properties of any animals or humans that were eaten. This means that any member of the royal guard is going to have incredibly fast animal-like reflexes, the intelligence of the best humans, and the strongest muscles between animals/humans.

The combination of these means that the royal guard is going to be significantly stronger than most average hunters.
Kite was also at a disadvantage because he lost his arm protecting Gon and Killua before he fought Pitou.

I think that the reason why the royal guards were so powerful was because one, The chimera ants evolve at a rapid rate and considering the amount of time for the chimera ants to evolve to the rate of pitou, it should be an easy feat.So, in conclusion, pitou is as strong as she/he is because pitou had lots of time to evolve and is at near the pinnacle of evolution only underneath the king.

Since Pokkle didn't get eaten before Pitou was born, and since he is mentioned as the first "rare human" they've encountered, the Queen shouldn't have eaten any humans with Nen-abilities before conceiving the Royal Guard. Out of Pokkle's group, none of the four members were eaten by the Queen and there has been no mention of other "rare humans" before the Royal Guard was conceived.
How they still managed to be born with such strong Nen-powers is a mystery, since, as they say themselves, the "rare humans" are worth 1000 normal ones. So just to achieve the level of a normal Nen-user, the Queen would have to eat 1000 normal humans, and for the Royal guard to be dozens of times stronger than that, she would have needed to consume close to a hundred thousand humans for each of the Royal Guards.
The population is certainly big enough to provide that many, but given the time she had to eat that much, and subtract all the food that went to make the foot soldiers, captains and squadron leaders, not to mention the King himself, there is no way she had the soldiers to procure, let alone eat, that vast amount of humans.


text:
Does it make sense that Knuckle has a mascot as an emitter?
Knuckle Bine is listed as being a natural emitter but I am having difficultly reconciling that with his main power. As an emitter, the most difficult class for him to master is the conjuration and then (ignoring specialisation) transmutation.
His ability is to donate (sure you could call it emit) his Nen into another fighter. That Nen will gain interest until it reaches a point where it can force the other fighter into zetsu for 30 days.  The difficult thing to reconcil is that this Nen takes the shape of an indestructable mascot and has very unusual properties following very exact rules.
The creation of a physical manifestation is conjuration.  This creature appears to be made of Nen which means it wouldn't actually be a physical object (transmutation). These kinds of contracts/rule-following abilities seem to be tied to conjuration as well.  I could even buy that he is using manipulation to control the other person's Nen to force Zetsu.
Why is he labelled as an emitter?  Is his main ability emission or is he using a different type than his natural?  Do other emitters have such unusual Nen properties? (maybe the other ones I'm familiar with are just odd?)

It does make sense. Naturally, Nen user can use all of its categories but there is a special field in which he/she can fully master. For instance, Netero is an enhancer but he was able to create a Buddah(which is probably conjured) as a representation of his power.

Emitters can create beings made out of nen; it has been shown with Emitters in the dodgeball game. Razor creates his 14 devils and Goreinu creates his gorillas. These creatures are not conjured but are simply physically shaped nen made to do a task. The nen beasts are invisible to people without nen training and are controlled with manipulation which is similar to emission for this purpose.
The creatures can also have abilities giving to them, like Razor's devils being able to merge with each other and Goreinu's gorillas being able to teleport. This is how Knuckle creates the APR with the powers. It's mainly emission with a small bit of manipulation to give the APR its orders when it's created. These abilities look like conjuration but are actually complicated emission techniques.

i saw a comment that says that an emitters "conjured beasts" or in knuckle's case apr are actually nen emissions that are pre-programmed to act a certain way and i think that is a cool explanation, i came here to offer a counter explanation that by setting rules and conditions knuckle could probably overcome his learning curve in conjuration while still being an emitter, just like how kurapika made his chains so strong by tailoring them to the troupe
and it could be viewed that the enforced zetsu isnt knuckle's ability directly but irs's ability which again could be gained and manifested as a result of his conditions being met i.e accuring a certain amount of interest.


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What is the meaning and significance of the word "Sunagimo Umataro" (砂肝うま太郎) in Yuyushiki?
In Episode 2 of the anime Yuyushiki, Nonohara Yuzuko drew something in response to Hinata Yukari's drawing of a strange penguin-like creature, and wrote down "Sunagimo Umataro" (砂肝うま太郎) on the same page. After some search on the Internet, I now know that "Sunagimo" means "gizzard", which is a digestive organ in chickens and ducks that may be made into food, and "uma" is just a way of saying "delicious". It seems to me that "Sunagimo Umataro" is a name that Yuzuko came up for the creature in the drawing, but I am still not smart enough to connect all the dots and make a meaning out of this. Specifically, I am having trouble figuring out

What exactly are those items that appear in Yuzuko's drawing?
How is the drawing supposed to be connected to the name "Sunagimo Umataro"?

I apologize if this is question has an obvious answer. (Maybe Yuyushiki is just too difficult for me!)

What items are you referring to in question 1?

@Ross Ridge: I am referring to the "eyes" and the "mouth" in that drawing right above the word "砂肝うま太郎". Somehow they seemed like separate items to me but I do not know what they are. Or to put it frankly, I do not understand this drawing at all.

That's just the close-up of the "strange penguin creature"'s face. It has an eye socket, and the mouth looks like a beak.

You might be confused by the fact the eyes look like the might be a perspective drawing, but if it is then the light source is in a weird spot somewhere between the eyes. The beak on the other hand looks like a petty conventional drawing of a beak. I don't think the words under the face have any other purpose than to give a funny name to the creature, something like Tasty Fat Gizzard Man.

The 'items' in the drawing seem to be part of a close-up view of the strange penguin-looking thing to the right (namely the eyes and the beak).
As for its name, it was probably made up. As you noted, 砂肝{すなぎも} means "gizzard," which is an organ common to most birds (note the drawings bird-like appearance). 太郎{たろう} is a common male name suffix, and according to a search on jisho.org, there are at least two names (both of whose first kanji corresponding to 「うま」(uma) mean "horse." Leaving it in kana may also be, as you noted, a play on 「うまい」(umai).
In conclusion, the weird name was most likely crafted to reflect the decidedly weird semblance of the creature in the drawing.
Also of note, the speech bubble translates to something like "don't be so unreasonable," and the text to the left of the image translates to "[the] truth is SCARY."


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Why did Sakurako call Akari a "betrayer"?
In the final chapter of Volume 9 of the Yuru Yuri manga, Sakurako
was feeling sleepy in the student council room.
At that time Himawari stepped in,
apologizing for being late. But Sakurako, who was in dreaming mind,
saw Himawari's face as Akari's and shouted out 「あかりちゃんの裏切り者！！」.

As I understand it, she is either calling Akari a betrayer,
or saying "Akari's betrayer", but neither of these interpretations
makes any sense to me. What is the real meaning
of these words? Why did Sakurako say that? I know this
manga is not meant to be difficult to understand
but I just cannot get my head around it.
So please explain that to me if you know the answer.
I would really appreciate your help!!
p.s. This is the only one place in this chapter where Akari is
mentioned. So I guess the answer may lie in previous chapters? But
I do not have access to all volumes from 1 up until 9.

The answer for this is actually funny: because Akari and Sakurako are both flat chested, and in anime, girls (particularly flat chested ones) sometimes identify other girls as either friends or enemies depending on their breast size. In this situation, Sakurako thinks Akari is a friend. When she mistakes Himawari for Akari, she thinks that Akari grew big boobs and left her alone being flat chested, and she yells "You Traitor!"
If you don't believe me (it is a bit hard to believe) watch some harem anime. For example, the same situation happens in Negima.

Yeah, this makes perfect sense. Thanks for your quick and informative answer. I would certainly check Negima out.

I think Sakurako and Akari are friends beyond both being flat. i recall they are in the same class and they do spend time together when Yui and Kyoko aren't there. but another indicator for this answer's validity is that Akari in the image in the question has got bigger boobs which are jiggling about like when Sakurako was slapping Himawari's in PE once (in the anime) and Sakurako is know for showing dislike for Himawari's big boobs

@Memor-X  Yes, I completely agree with you, and I also believe that Sakurako has a high respect for Akari. This is why she feels so shocked when Akari "betrays" her.

learned something today

to user23823, no problem.

by the way, the bit in Negima doesn't appear until quite late into the series when they go back to Negima's home town so beware

@Dragon Got it.


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How did Danzo acquire all those Sharingan in his arm?
I was just wondering, how did Danzo get all those Sharingan eyes in his arm? Is it from the people that Itachi and Tobi killed that night?

Danzo acquired his right arm from Shin Uchiha with the help of Orochimaru. This is found in Naruto Gaiden: The Seventh Hokage Manga.

Orochimaru did another implant onto Danzō taking Shin Uchiha's
  Sharingan-embedded arm and placing that, alongside some of Hashirama
  Senju's cells, onto that of Danzō's.

(Shin Uchiha's Left Arm)
More on Shin Uchiha:

Shin was one of Orochimaru's experimental test subjects and followers,
  and possessed a unique genetic make-up that allowed for tissue and
  organ transplantation with absolutely no chance of rejection.
  Together they performed various experiments, cultivating clones from
  Shin's teeth and nerves in order to uncover many secrets of genetics.
  At some point Shin became intrigued by the Uchiha clan, especially
  Itachi Uchiha. As such, he began to imitate the Uchiha: adopting their
  surname and customary clothing, as well as numerous Sharingan which
  have been implanted all over his body. His Sharingan-embedded right
  arm was harvested by Orochimaru and transplanted to Danzō Shimura
  along with some of Hashirama Senju's cells. Some time after this,
  Shin left Orochimaru's side and took most of his clones with him.

Wait really? I though Danzo and Obito stole them from the Uchiha members killed my Itachi.

That's what I thought before too. Then I did some research and found the real answer.

We're not sure, but he most likely got them from all the Uchiha that Itachi killed.
source - http://opforum.net/threads/how-did-danzo-got-this-hand-full-of-sharingan.18133/
Most were stolen by Obito, the ones that weren't were used by Danzo for his Izanagi.
see - http://www.answers.com/Q/How_did_danzo_get_sharingans_on_his_arm
A definite answer can't be found, there are no official statements regarding the matter and no official source, so one can only speculate.

We do know that from Naruto Gaiden: The Seventh Hokage Manga, as other answer said.

what do you mean with 'we do know that' ? @AnkitSharma

Danzo used Itachi to kill The Uchiha clan only sparing Itachi's  brother: Sasuke. Then Danzo took their eyes and implanted it to his arms


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Can the Eternal Mangekyō Sharingan be obtained by implanting a normal Sharingan?
As we know, there are only two who have achieved the Eternal Mangekyō Sharingan. Madara and Sasuke.
Madara
Madara and his brother both gained their MS from killing those closest to them. Madara then gained the EMS when he took Izuna's (his brother's) eyes, who had the MS.

Sasuke
Itachi gained his MS when he witnessed Shisui die. Sasuke gained his MS when he learned the truth about Itachi from Tobi. Sasuke then gained the EMS when he took Itachi's eyes.

Question
When Itachi was fighting Sasuke, he was saying how he wanted to take Sasuke's eyes so he could obtain the EMS. Sasuke did not have the MS at the time, so was Itachi lying, or are just "blood tie" Sharingan needed for the EMS? *Sidenote I personally don't believe Itachi would lie about this, because if he did and Sasuke found out, Sasuke would then be questioning Itachi's true motives.
Does anybody have any proof that you have to have the MS in order to awaken the EMS?

Itachi didn't transfer his MS into Sasuke. He just put a defensive jutsu that will activate Amaterasu the moment Sasuke saw Tobi's eye.

Is that what happened? So you're saying Sasuke activated the MS because his brother died in front of him? At the time, Sasuke did not see Itachi as a friend, but as an enemy. So why would that activate the MS in Sasuke?

Yes on both questions. Love and hate are separated only by a thin line. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-1081242/Brain-line-love-hate-scientists-reveal.html

@AyaseEri It sounds like you're just speculating. If that's true then the Uchiha would be awakening MS all the time from killing the people they hate. It is specifically declared, "You must kill your closest friend".

That's not the point. Read the article please. What I meant by that is that you can switch from love to hate and vice-versa quickly, BUT that doesn't mean that it would always be the case. When an Uchiha killed a Senju, they do it with hatred. This hatred in no way would turn into love, simply because there is no reason for it to be so. However, in Sasuke's case, Sasuke loved Itachi. His hatred was from Itachi killing the rest of the clan. But even then, he never stopped loving him. This is evident from him crying for him and turned his goal into destroying Konoha after Tobi tells the truth.

@AyaseEri, Okay I can see that. That actually makes more sense. So Itachi only implanted in him the Amaterasu in him to counter Tobi. Then Sasuke's MS activated after he discovered the truth about Itachi. Which is that scene of him crying and he opens his eyes. I'll edit my question to include that. It doesn't answer the question, but it's definitely helpful. Thanks! :)

yes you need mangekyo sharingan and ofcourse of an Uchiha with strong blood ties like sibling

Note that I am leaning more heavily into addressing whether this is a plot hole than actually answering whether Eternal Mangekyō Sharingan requires transplanting Mangekyō Sharingan (though I try to answer that too).
There's a point here that I don't see anyone making, and it's this:  Sasuke was supposed to have a Mangekyō Sharingan when he came into this fight. Itachi repeatedly told Sasuke he needed to have the same eyes as him if he wanted any hope of defeating him. In other words, Itachi tried to set the stage so that the conditions for Eternal Mangekyō Sharingan would be met.
We all know what Itachi's true motives were, and that he didn't actually want to take Sasuke's eyes, but let's look at this a different way. I'm going to write about the character Itachi was playing--in other words, the act he was putting on. This Itachi is power hungry and wants the Eternal Mangekyō Sharingan for the sake of increasing his own power. But not only that, he needs it because he's going blind from using his own Mangekyō. He's desperate to avoid losing his light. He tells Sasuke to kill his best friend and achieve Mangekyō Sharingan, all for his (Itachi's) own sake. And he waits, even after Sasuke gains a regular Sharingan. This is ostensibly because stealing a regular Sharingan is not good enough for Eternal Mangekyō Sharingan.
Fast forward to the battle between Sasuke and Itachi. Itachi is really on a dire strait at this point. He can barely even see. In other words, he really needs to take a chance. He needs to take that Sharingan, whether or not he still gets that Eternal Mangekyō Sharingan in the end. He still hopes that he will, of course, but he's out of time.
Now, coming out of the act once more. We might consider that Itachi had planned out this battle very carefully. There's evidence for this--afterwards, we learn that he drew out the fight specifically so he could destroy the part of Orochimaru inhabiting Sasuke. Itachi also needs to make sure his secrets are buried with him after he dies. Thus, it wouldn't be too far-fetched to say that Itachi had a script in mind. And he probably had the basics for this script planned out for years. But perhaps there's one thing he didn't account for. And that would be Sasuke not achieving Mangekyō Sharingan. So, what's he supposed to do? His script largely requires himself to be trying to take Sasuke's Sharingan. Does he just rewrite the script? There's no time to think of anything different. What would his new character motivation even be in that case, if not to achieve Eternal Mangekyō Sharingan? What he had planned out will simply have to suffice. Any contradictions can simply be explained as his desperation for replenishing the light in his eyes.
So, the question that's being asked: Does one need to take a Mangekyō Sharingan from a blood relative to achieve Eternal Mangekyō Sharingan or will a regular Sharingan suffice? There are too few cases to know for absolute certain, but there is some evidence to suggest that you do need to take a Mangekyō Sharingan. The main evidence, of course, is simply that Itachi says so (I'd like to actually find where he says that and cite it if I can. The Wiki at least seems to confirm this: "Their vision can be restored by transplanting the Mangekyō Sharingan of an Uchiha with strong blood ties — ideally a sibling — thus awakening the so-called Eternal Mangekyō Sharingan"). So Itachi contradicts himself in the fight with Sasuke? Doesn't matter, because in reality he had no intention of actually taking Sasuke's eyes to achieve Eternal Mangekyō Sharingan. It was just an act he had to see through to the end.
As for the opposite conclusion, with only two cases, at best we can say that from an in-universe and out-of-universe perspective, it is simply uncertain whether a regular Sharingan would work. But the only lore we have states that Mangekyō Sharingan is required, so we should probably lean towards that conclusion.

"In other words, Itachi tried to set the stage so that the conditions for Eternal Mangekyō Sharingan would be met." would seem to contradict my answer here: https://anime.stackexchange.com/a/63945/19307 I just point it out because I love contradictions. I think any apparent contradiction here can be explained by the duality of Itachi's real motives and the act he's putting on.

Great explanation! Thanks for the answer!

@HunterTurner if this answer helped you, make sure to accept it by clicking the checkmark.

Here's a simpler thought:  you can't obtain something greater if you have something lesser to offer.
We know that obtaining the Mangekyo Sharingan requires someone to witness someone close to them being killed or lost.  Some of the more prolific wielders obtained this by killing someone close to them, with the notable exceptions of Madara and Itachi who only witnessed someone close to them die.
One of the changes when someone with the Eternal Mangekyo Sharingan undergoes is that the tomoe of the previous MS wielder is blended in with their own as a secondary pattern, similar to how a kaliedoscope blends in multiple pictures.  This is evident with the final look of Sasuke's own EMS.

With that, it makes sense that a prior Sharingan would have needed to have been an Mangekyo, since there wouldn't have been a new tomoe pattern to include into the kalideoscope.

So does that mean that what Itachi was saying about wanting Sasuke's eyes is a plot hole? Or was he taking advantage of Sasuke's ignorance about the MS and just saying he wanted his eyes to put pressure on him?

I'm not entirely sure of Itachi's motives in this context.  It's likely that he knew his brother's eyes could achieve MS, but he had to push him in order to do this.


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Why did Asuna apologize at the end of the Aincrad arc?
At the end of the Aincrad arc of SAO on episode 14, on the big glass plane, Asuna was apologizing to Kirito and I don't know why. Was it because she jumped in front of the sword, or was it somthing else?

Please at least cite an episode number.

Episode 14 after the battle with heathcliff

I have a few explanations for this.
Firstly, when Kirito and Asuna were on their honeymoon and they got called back, Kirito didn't allow Asuna to go for the boss battle, she told Kirito that her life would be meaningless if Kirito died. If Kirito really died, she said that she would commit sucide. Hence, when Kirito asked Healthcliff to prevent her from commiting suicide, Asuna knew instantly that Kirito knew that he didn't had a high chance of winning, so she decided to let herself get killed instead. At the end, she perhaps apologised for not believing in him.
Secondly, during the time when Asuna saved Kirito from the brink of death when Kirito was paralyzed and about to be killed by the Laughing Coffin, Kirito told her that his life was now in her hands, Asuna promised she would protect Kirito and she did. Soon afterwards, Kirito died and Asuna probably apologised for not being able to protect Kirito.
Thirdly, during the honeymoon, the both of them promised each other to meet up in the real world and go out together for real dates, love each other for real and also get married for real but the both of them broke their promises. Kirito broke the promise by asking Healthcliff to prevent Asuna from commiting suicide and Asuna broke it by shielding Kirito from Healthcliff's attack, thus die. So maybe Asuna apologised for breaking her promise.


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Is it possible to have a girl reincarnate of Asura and Indra?
Though I haven't seen an instance where the reincarnate of Asura and Indra is a girl, I'm still wondering. So the question is, is it possible to have a girl reincarnate of Asura and Indra?

Good question. That also raises the point of what happens if the reincarnates have offspring, assuming that girl reincarnations are allowed. Do the offspring have Rinnegan? Do they naturally have both Senju and Uchiha abilities?

They only reincarnated twice

2 reincarnations is what we know. Considering the time-span between the two reincarnations and the time-span between Naruro & Rikudo, there should be more than 2 reincarnations.

@AnkitSharma Zetsu implied that he had contacted multiple generations of reincarnates, all ending in failure. The two generations that we are familiar with are only the most recent.

I agree with TheBlueFish

@JefferyTang I would bet they would not have the Rinnegan. Ashuras and Indras Chakra does not seem to pass on to their children, but instead just reincarnate later into the next able body once they both die. Tsudnade is Hashiramas Granddaughter, but does not have any of Asuras chakra as we know. Though they may choose to change that in the Boruto manga for the new Kids, And if Boruto and Sarada hook up...

Yes, BoruSara here we go!

There isn't any mention of any other incarnates in the manga. It's entirely possible since it's simply chakra reincarnating to a different body, however it's unprovable.
Purely Theoretically: It does seem as though, from what we've seen and what we know of Asura and Indra, that all of his reincarnations would be descendants of them. Indra and his two known reincarnations (Madara and Sasuke) all have been Uchiha (descendants of Indra) and have had the Sharingan. Asura and his two known reincarnations (Hashirama and Naruto) are Senju and Uzumaki, descendants of Asura's clan. This may be because their decedents share similar chakra (Uchiha have the Sharingan, and Uzumaki/Senju have incredible chakra control and chakra reserves). Theoretically, as long as they're a member of one of these clans they can be a reincarnation.

I also agree with you also according to wiki : Reincarnation is a process through which the chakra and soul of a deceased individual are reborn in a new living vessel ... So the requirement here is one new living vessel and girl is one living vessel too.

I'd also wager that gender does not play a role in this cycle. While there is very little explanation for why the reincarnations continue (aside from bad feelings), it is ultimately a transference of soul. Given how well someone such as Orochimaru is able to manipulate these things, I'd imagine some supernatural means wouldn't care either.

Naruto was Uzumaki as well kamikaze. Since he did not have red hair , does it not tell he lacked Uzumaki powers. As in nagatos death his hair turned white when he had lost his chakara

@AnubhavGoel Naruto was Namikaze, not kamikaze (though he used kamikaze tactics a lot =P). Just because he didn't get his mother's red hair doesn't mean he lacked the trademark Uzumaki chakra reserves -- indeed, it was stated that even without Kurama he had a lot of chakra (http://naruto.wikia.com/wiki/Naruto_Uzumaki , under "Chakra and Physical Prowess")


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Why was lord Muu's fissioned clone not affected by the Earth Release: Ultra-Added-Weight Rock Technique?
During the 4th shinobi war, during Onoki vs Muu fight. Onoki makes Muu's body so heavy that he can't even lift his hands using the Earth Release: Ultra-Added-Weight Rock Technique.
After this Lord Muu using his Fission jutsu to become as two people with halved power.
My doubt is why is the fissioned clone not affected by the Earth Release: Ultra-Added-Weight Rock Technique? The single person becomes two when the fission Jutsu is used and also their power is equally shared. Then is equal part must hold true for the Damage taken also right?

Mū splitted first (using the Fission Technique) before Ōnoki made him (his fission clone) heavier.
This was the order:

Naruto attacked Mū using Planetary Rasengan
Mū splitted his body while being hit by Naruto's Planetary Rasengan
Somehow no one noticed this
Ōnoki came to his fission clone and made him heavier

Somehow no one noticed this It's the art of misdirection! :)

I clearly remember that onoki stops Mu who's falling from the Naruto's attack and applying the heavy jutsu.

@Bej Yes. That Mū was the fission clone. Or I don't think we can call it a clone since the Fission Technique literally splits you equally. So there were 2 literal Mū, each with half power, and then Ōnoki heavied one of them.

@Bej please accept the answer if you're satisfied.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Did zen-ohs play with real planets?
Both zen-ohs were playing with planet-shape balls and they were being destroyed. Are those planets real? If so, why did they do that? They aren't gods of destruction and don't interfere with gods of destructions' job.

They can do whatever they want, even destroying the universes.

@happy face of course but why?

The king makes their pawn destroy things for them. They could destroy it themselves, but still leaves it for the pawns. Same logic applies for Omni king and the gods of destruction

May be the Zen-oh can create planets also... So it's just a play for them to make and destroy planets

Based on the planets we saw during the episode of Super Shenron we can safely asume that those were real planets. The were shaped and coloured similarly.
During Goku's encounter with the future Zen-oh he didn't hestitate to destroy the planet. So it wouldn't surprise me if they simply just created empty planets to play with or maybe they used planets that would be eradicated anyway.
But Zen-oh is almighty and he can do whatever he wants whenever he wants. That's why all the gods are so careful with him with what they say and what they do. They fear him because he is like a child. If Zen-oh doesn't like you or he wants to have fun he will do whatever he wants with a childs mind. The more mature characters do value his creations and therefor they are being afraid of losing it.
A simple example would be uhmm... lets say that you are an artist and you can draw as many pictures as you want and you have drawn billions of pictures, would you then care if a few thousand pictures would be destroyed by you? The way you draw pictures is the same way he created things and that's why he doesn't value it so much. Goku is probably like one of the better drawn picture and therefor he hestitates a bit.
I hope this example cleared up the way he thinks and acts, feel free to ask a question as a reply if it's a bit confusing.


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Which universe is Future Trunks from?
Universe 6 and universe 7 are twin universes
If Earth didn't have life in Universe 6(Champa's universe). From where does Trunks come from? He couldn't have come from other Universe because they aren't twin universe.
If Trunks has come from alternate timeline of Universe 7, how did  an evil Goku come? He should have died of that heart virus?
Edit: Trunks has come from an alternate timeline of Universe 7.
And if Evil Goku is from Universe 6, how does TRUNKS know about him?

who is evil goku? also, why do you think that trunks was probably from an alternate universe, he is from the future, and he altered the timeline. Infact, as i recall, there was a spinoff about the Kai of time getting mad at him for altering the timeline and even recruited him to help her out (apparently by claiming it was taboo to build a time machine, let alone use it)

The Future Trunks Arc hasn't been aired yet, the story hasn't been told, how do we know the plot?
But since I have a pretty reasonable answer to share, I might just answer it anyways. But it also contains spoilers, so... yeah.

Based on what I know about the next arc, it's all about time travel, and yes, the game Dragon Ball Xenoverse is all about time travel too, and also the game's sequel, it both featured Future Trunks. If you played the game before, or know a bit about the game. Future Trunks from Xenoverse and Online works for Supreme Kai of Time as her assistant and the head of the Time Patrol, his job is to mainly fixing distorted timelines.Towa and Mira were the two major villains that travel through time to destroy the history. Besides that, Towa can cast dark magic on enemies which gives the user pure red eyes and a dark aura, pretty much turning them into demons.So, the evil / black Goku is probably from an alternate timeline (defeated the heart virus) and been cast by Towa's dark magic, and turn him into her pawn to assist her evil plan. Future Trunks from that timeline fought the evil Goku and was overwhelmed, he barely escaped into the main timeline to ask for help once again.

Though, it's just a theory, I might be wrong, or not even close.

Oh, So you mean there are now 3 alternate timelines of Universe 7?

The one which followed in the anime
Trunk's timeline
Evil Goku?

@BhaveshShaha Yeah, pretty much.

cruncyroll has the Future Trunks arc so you can see. It is Universe 12 I believe.

Following to see what happened in the anime, this answer doesn't hold the answer to the question anymore, I recommend that this should be changed


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Did Hyung Min-woo Invent Temozarela, the Antagonist of the "Priest" Manhwa?
One of the interest plot constructs in the Priest (manhwa) series by Hyung Min-woo is the antagonist Temozarela.
He is summarized as:

Temozarela is an arch-angel who fought on God's side in the war
  against Lucifer. However, this war caused God to lose faith in the
  angels and prefer humanity instead.
Temozarela, bitter at this, took twelve angels to Earth to prove to
  God how flawed humans are. He set up a cult for the fallen angels
  which involved human sacrifice. However, this only made God angry and
  caused Temozarela to be banished to earth and imprisoned there.

Left to Right: Temozarela as angel, human, and crippled human
Obviously there's some similarities to the whole angels parts of the Preacher comics, or various other fictional works, but all the similar ideas I found were still substantially different from Temozarela.
I did some Google searching as I was curious whether this character (Temozarela) was a wholly new creation of the author. I could find no prior source material, not under that name at least.
Does prior fictional or religious source material for Temozarela exist under the same name or alternate names?

Temozarela is based off of the dark god Tchernobog from the Monolith game Blood, which the author admits is his inspiration for the basic setting of priest.

Hi Stuart, if you can add a supporting reference link that would be appreciated! :)


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Does Aqua wear panties?

The goddess Aqua, who meets Kazuma after his terrible death.
The question is, does Aqua wear panties?
If there is, G-strings, the very tight ones? Is there any mentions about these in the novel?

Most likely a case of Schrödinger's panties or the fact that there are 2 different shades of purple could indicate that the lighter shade is her undergarment (as it's shape does not match the skirt unlike the darker purple)

This question made my day. @Memor-X not sure that's any sort of undergarment, more like a thing short dress that would go over undergarments--not sure of the name.

Yes, Aqua does wear panties.
In the first volume of the light novel her panties are shown, in all of their striped glory.


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Where can I buy High School DxD English-translated novels?
I tend to read the manga if the anime does not cover all of the story bu since High School DxD manga is even less developed than the anime... where can I buy the English translated (or even original not translated) novels?

The novels do not have a official English translation.

@Henjin, yes unofficial ones are around. I'm not saying where as i think that might be against policy on here.


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Does Kefura red ki means something more?
In Dragon Ball, when a fighter changes his ki color usually means a transformation. The only exception I remember for this are Vegeta's different ki colors like the lilac ki color when he makes the Galick Ho attack, or the yellow color he gets at some point when he first fought Goku, or the light blue color he got a couple of times.

Does Kefura's red ki means something more or did she just get that color because she was performing a strange attack?

Well, Kale's ki was shown to be green in color during her transformations, when she transformed to her Berserker state and mastered LSSJ state. Also, Caulifla had a Ki base attack which was red in color. Kefla is a fusion of both Caulifla and Kale, so I wouldn't really think much of it. The colors don't really represent anything.


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Does Jiren simply use brute force?
Hit is a powerful opponent for Goku because he can use time skip and manipulate time and space.
Could this be said for Jiren, or is he simply an overpowered character?
I'm NOT comparing the two, I'm simply providing an example.

From what I've seen Jiren is just crazy strong. Most of the villains in the DBZ universe kind of of follow a niche (Freeza had multiple forms, Cell had all the cells of the world's strongest, Buu was a demon of unimaginable power). Jiren is just broken it doesn't seem like he uses any sort of real powers or abilities yet. As the tournament progresses, I'm sure something will come out

He hasnt showed any special abilities other than predicting object and person movements

Jiren is not overpowered.
tl;dr More Power (KI) ≠ Stronger Fighter

The point of the character is to illustrate the difference of strength between powerful mortals, gods of destruction, angels and others we probably haven't seen yet. Jiren could be at a level between god of destruction and angel. The fact that he seems overpowered means we still have a long way to go until Goku reaches a level where he is considered the strongest.
In DBZ and even GT, Goku seems to be near to the level of all of his opponents before finally surpassing them. Super is taking a different approach. Goku and the others are struggling to even perceive the strength of their opponents. Other techniques and skills throw a monkey wrench in the idea of "more power = stronger fighter". Time skip, ultra instinct, and the energy of destruction are all examples of technique trumping raw power.
The new anime is changing power scaling and what it means to be a powerful fighter. DBZ and GT relied on transformations to show a character was at a higher level. Super, like the original Dragon Ball, is pivoting to strategy and use of different techniques to show a fighter's skills are advancing.

Jiren is just overpowered that's all. But Goku (or even Vegeta) with ultra instinct can maybe win against him somehow... Its hard to believe that this beast can be beaten but yes... it is possible.

Just pure speculation here, but maybe he won't be beaten. It is also possible that Goku's universe simply wins due to remaining number of people still in the ring. So technically Jiren won't be defeated in terms of fighting. But for the tournament itself his universe will most likely lose. Goku might be able to take him head one until time runs out. By default the universe with the most people still standing in the ring will then win. In the arc with Zamasu we were shown that in dbs... some villians remain undefeated, unless it is for Zen-oh.

 Let me make something clear, Hit isn't a character strong for his power(If compared to the power of these high tiers and godly tier characters). What makes him strong are his dangerous assassin techniques which allow him to manipulate time and space
Even during the first fight between Goku and Hit during the Universe 6 vs Universe 7 arc, we need to realize that both of Goku's very powerful attacks didn't actually touch Hit. Hit's timeskip allowed him to dodge both the attacks which is why he managed to survive.Even during the rematch between Goku and Hit, we see Goku capable of tanking multiple blows from Hit and even surviving a shot which almost killed him. However, one powerful Kamehameha in his improvised SSJB form, was capable of taking out Hit (a double K.O), during the match. Even during the match between Hit and Dyspo, we see Dyspo's punches actually hurting hit a lot at the start. We see Goku on the other hand taking 2 back to back punches from Dyspo like it was nothing.  If I were to distinguish the current strongest characters(mortals), I'd put them on the God Tier and the High Tier Scale :
God Tier
Jiren: He is the strongest mortal in the anime at the moment and his power is said to rival that of a Hakaishin. He obviously possesses a lot of techniques and experience like Goku but ultimately, what makes him unbelievable strong is just his brute strength and power. We do know that technique can sometimes counter power. (We see hit being able to do this with goku), However,  Jiren's power rivals that of Beerus (at 100%). So his power is off the scale and even Hit's best technique wasn't sufficient enough to subdue him. UI Goku: This transformation is Goku utilising a skill which the Gods strive to master. At the same time, it certainly does act as a power multiplier which makes him very strong and he's definitely not in his base form or his attacks wouldn't even touch Kefla or Jiren. One's he manages to attack perfectly in this state, and match Jiren's power, it would bring him closer to the power of the gods High TierGoku SSJB + Kaioken*20 Kefla SSJ2 ToppoVegeta SSJB = Golden FreizaHit In terms of power, Hit is a lot weaker than the rest of the high tier characters. He is certainly very powerful, but even a mid tier character like 17, gohan or dyspo (Fighting at full power) might be able to give Hit some trouble if they manage to counter his special abilities which they very likely wouldn't be able to because of Hit's superior experience and complex level of skill. Also, you need to realize that Goku wouldn't struggle with Hit's time skip anymore in his UI state. Unlike Goku who needed some time to adjust to time skip, Jiren was able to completely dodge all of Hits attacks and even counter most of the time initially simply because of his amazing reaction time. The UI transformation makes Goku's reaction time perfect, so technically, Goku would be able to dodge hit's time skip and overpower him.

Overpowered is the correct description for Jiren. So far what was shown was pure raw power from Jiren. We weren't introduced to any special ability yet (in the anime, I don't know how it is in the manga).
It was rumored that a mortal was living in an universe with power that exceeds the god of destruction. I don't know the exact episode but Whis and Beerus were talking about it when Jiren showed his raw power for the first time.
If Jiren has any special/unique abilities it will still have to be presented. Which will make him significantly stronger or weaker if an ability might be the reason for his insane raw power.
Just the way saiyans and different species are able to power up through different forms Jiren might be possessing a similar treat.
Based on what we have been shown yet Jiren is simple overpowered. The punch of his fist alone causes enough force to destroy surrounding areas. None of the other characters in the tournament so far are able to have a similar force in their base form.

To be fair, not all characters require transformations to get stronger. That's an exclusive Saiyan trait. Fighters such as Jiren, Toppo, even the gods like Beerus, Champa(at least, since we've seen them fight), don't use any transformations. So there's no actual reason for Jiren having one. I'd say it's more of him suppressing his energy and utilizing the sufficient amount to overpower his opponent. Just like Beerus did when he fought, SSJ3 Goku and the Z fighters.

Thats true, but that means that they have a fixed raw power, the can lower their output, but the limit remains the same. A different form (for example) can increase this limit. Thats why I called it a "similar treat" since not all methods of powering up goes through transformations. But it is too early to conclude what Jiren's abilities/limits are in terms of powering up and such.


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Does Kaido possess any other power other than just being physically strong?
Kaido (カイドウ) has such incredible strength. But, to be one of the Yonko, it takes strength beyond even an Admiral level and there must be an explanation for Kaido. The most normal person I've known as Yonko is Shanks, but since he possesses incredible and powerfull Haki so it makes sense. But Kaido? Does he have mysterious power other than just being physically strong?
From One Piece Wikia :

Perhaps the greatest sign of Kaido's strength is his apparent
  inability to die. He has been caught and tortured 18 times, and people
  as powerful as the Marines and other Yonko have attempted to execute
  him 40 times. However, he mysteriously survived every single attempt
  because every single execution weapon broke when being used on him.
  Most notably, Kaido has jumped from 10,000 meters in the sky onto the
  ground, creating a massive shockwave strong enough to sink a large
  ship nearby, and emerged without an injury; it has even become a hobby
  for him to attempt suicide, only for it to fail.

That's not enough explaination about Kaido's power.
Here is the thing, you know Admiral Akainu (赤犬),  possesses the Magu Magu no Mi which grants him the ability to transform his body into terrifying magma and manipulate it at will, he can even afford to crush a land if he wants. But hey, that's not enough to match a Yonko.
So back again to Kaido, Does he have any other mysterious power?

You know if you are reading currently the manga, you would know there aren't any other information for this character. Learn more. Currently the manga is focusing on another arc.

All these information that you've posted are detailed and relevant to what had been released in the manga and also what has been shown in the anime.
Currently the manga is in an arc which is focusing on something else. If you would like to know, you can read from the manga.
SPOILERS

 Currently due to the Sanji situation, in the manga, it will focus on the development of Big Mom's character and the adventures to be on whole cake island. As we know from the impel down arc and marineford arc when the crew splits up the story will follow Luffy as he is the protagonist. Zoro and the others have split to Wano and are likely to engage Kaido first. So just stay tuned and your question should be answered sooner than you know it.

Okay, I agree and @pap, what did you mean by Learn more :)

@Hey-men-whatsup oh nothing it was just a mistake.

If he had any Devil Fruit power, then it should be easy to commit suicide, just drown yourself in to the bottom of the ocean.
So the answer is no, he just super strong like Shanks.


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What's the origin of "Gravity-Defying Sweatdrops?"
In lots of manga, when people are nervous, sweatdrops are drawn. But when they're EXTREMELY nervous, sweatdrops fly upwards instead (against gravity).
Anyone know where this visual symbol originates from, and how it came to be?
World Trigger Chapter 2 Page 12

A good example would help tremendously, because I have no idea what you've described is anything I've seen in manga or anime. What manga is that Yuno from? And did you mean the sweatdrops on the face are drawn to flow upward or actually flying off the face towards the sky?

@Gao I updated the question to have a better example.


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Is the Rinnegan completely purple in Naruto?
This is probably a really stupid question, but is the Rinnegan completely purple from the front to back, or is it just the iris that's purple? Pictures would help.

In this link there is one statement :

The Rinnegan is characterised by a ripple pattern that spreads over
  the eyeball.

Since it spreads over the eyeball then in conclusion we can say that it is completely spread from front to back as it covers the whole eyeball.
Also there is no evidence which proves that Rinnegan purple color is limited to that pupil area only.

The pupil is actually the small hole at the centre of Iris that allows lite to pass through. Its size varies depending on how much light is there. Iris is the colored portion. So In Sharingan. Only the Iris is red. While in Rinnegan, the white area, known as Sclera, is also Purple.

arn't there instances where we see the eye not in the socket, like when madara takes it from zetsu. Perhaps we got a shot of the back there

Oh yeah! There were two instances I remember, when Obito takes the eyes from Nagato and Zetsu gives the eyes to Madara. But the hands probably covered it. If I see anything noteworthy, I'll report it back to you guys.

As for as i searched with google.There are 3 versions of the Rinnegan:
original with tomoe, thus with "Sharingan" powers is the grey one
devolved tomoe-red Rinnegan that has not evolved fully.
Hybrid 6 tomoe - Sasuke's rinnegan. it's power is in between Kaguya's and Madara's rinnegan.

Sasuke Uchiha's left Sharingan became a Rinnegan when Hagoromo's spirit gave half of his chakra to Sasuke.[12] His Rinnegan contains six tomoe split between its first two ripples and retains all of the abilities of his Mangekyō Sharingan.[13] If Sasuke overuses the power of his Rinnegan, the tomoe will disappear until it has fully recharged, a process which takes a considerable amount of time. During this time, he is unable to use the Rinnegan's full power and apparently cannot even activate the Mangekyō in his other eye.[14]

I searched in these places of the internet link1 link2.
And i have attached a picture of the three rinnegans

The power of the eye is based on the number of Tomoe inside , just like it was when comparing Sharingan.
The color of the Rinnegan is said indicate the current mode of the Rinnegan.
Only Red can cast the infinite Tsukuyomi
grey is to absorb jutsus and purple is to use them i think.
I'm not so sure of the color part .
Please correct me if i'm wrong. I'm also interested to know about this.
Sorry for the bad English.

I see now that my answer is not relevant to the actual question. Anyways i'll let you guys to judge whether is worth or not.

Haha, your answer is very descriptive and useful, but for this question, it is irrelevant.

haha, ya , The moment i saw rinnegan i just blanked and started to type the answer.