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How is a technique categorized as a Kekkei Genkai?
During the Land of Waves arc, Kekkei Genkai is defined as techniques which are unique to a clan and passed down through the bloodline. After timeskip, it is touched upon again, and is now defined as a technique which combines two elements. Looking back at the Land of Waves arc, Haku's Ice Release satisfies this definition as well.
However, Sharingan and Byakugan are also called Kekkei Genkai, although they do not combine any elements. Later, Terumi Mei is showed to use Lava release and Boil release, and they are both considered Kekkei genkai, although it appears that this is something unique she achieved, not passed down through bloodline.
Thus, the term kekkei genkai seems to be used in various contexts to mean either:

Bloodline techniques passed down through generations, but not involving combining basic elements (Sharingan, Byakugan users)
Techniques combining basic elements, but not passed down through bloodline. (Terumi Mei, and a few others)
Combining basic elements and passed down through bloodline (Haku)

What exactly does it mean?

Edit It looks like people have not understood the question. Let me try again.
Does kekkei genkai mean:
A. techniques passed down through blood.
B. techniques which combine basic elements.
C. Both A and B.
The answers as well the commenter below seem to have assumed "A". To make it even easier, here's a related follow-up question: "If Naruto learns Lightning Release, and then combines with his Wind Release, would that be kekkei genkai or not?"

Related (duplicate?): Where do Kekkei Genkai abilities (genetic abilities) originate from?

It is not a duplicate. That question asks for the origin. This question asks for the definition. They are not the same. The other question assumes that Kekkei Genkai means genetic abilities, while this question asks if that assumption is right.

@Deidara-senpai: Although the question is not a duplicate, the answers provided in the other one answer this one. At least to my understanding. :)

@JNat I have gone through all the answers there before I asked this question. Anyway, I updated the question to make the difference clear. Well, I tried. :)

I think this question is fine. It's asking what are the criteria for classifying a technique as a kekkei genkai/Bloodline Limit. The referenced possible duplicate question is asking for the origins of such techniques. Since no official source we can draw from, we can look at what we know about the currently existing Bloodline Limits and compare commonalities, I'm sure we can answer this question properly this way.

Quoting from the Natuto Wiki

Kekkei genkai (血継限界; Literally meaning "a technique limited to
  inheritance by blood" or "Bloodline Limit") are abilities passed down
  genetically within specific clans.

Kekkei genkai abilities that work via the user's eye are called
  dōjutsu.
Other kekkei genkai include mixing one type of elemental chakra with another, creating a new one unique to the users, which is usually impossible for normal ninja, or other bodily manipulations that are usually unachievable by normal standards.

Kekkei genkai and their related techniques cannot be taught to or copied by others. However, kekkei genkai can be given to others

Dōjutsu, or other kekkei genkai isolated to a single organ, can be transplanted into the body of another, as was done with transferring Obito's Sharingan to Kakashi.
Chakra elements can also be passed down to people outside of the clan, such as Yamato being subjected to DNA re-modification by Orochimaru who wanted to acquire the Wood Release kekkei genkai.

Some anomalies in the transfer of kekkei genkai.

Although kekkei genkai are usually genetically shared within a specific clan, sometimes it is unique to one person alone, and that even family relatives do not share it, such as the Wood Release.
Yet other kekkei genkai seem to appear in individuals with no known relation, such as the Lava Release, which has appeared in ninja from Kirigakure, Iwagakure, and Kumogakure, while Magnet Release, which has appeared in ninja from both Kumogakure and Sunagakure.
There is an advanced variant of kekkei genkai known as kekkei tōta, which is a combination of three different nature transformations. (This technique is used by only two shinobis, namely - Ōnoki  and Mū and they too do not share any blood relations.)

Using the above quotes as a base for my explainations:
The general meaning of kekkei genaki is an ability that is unique to a clan.
Kekkei genkai can be classified into two broad categories-

Abilities that originates from some body organ, eg sharingan, byakugan (only eye abilities have been shown so far) are called dōjutsu. As the wiki rightly mentions these abilities can be transferred by transplanting the organ from the original bearer to a host, eg Kakashi's sharingan from Obito and Ao who uses the byakugan.
Abilities that uses originates from chakra manipulation. Eg, Haku's Ice release, Kimimaro's Shikotsumyaku. The Nara, Yamanaka and Akimichi clan's (to name a few) kekkei gengai uses a yin-yan chakra manipulation for their techniqies.

The above two categories are seen to be transferred within the clan.
However, there are a few exceptions to the general thumb rule.

Some kekkei genkai like the first hokage's wood release is unique to a singular person.
Some kekkei genkai like Mu's dust release (technically called as kekkei tōta, as it is an advanced form of kekkei genkai) can be taught as in it was taught to Ōnoki. But these are the only two shinobi's known to be able to use the dust release technique.
Certain kekkei genkai seems to appear within individuals that have no relation to each other or without teaching. Examples are:

Lava Release, which has appeared in ninjas from Kirigakure, Iwagakure,
  and Kumogakure, while Magnet Release, which has appeared in ninja from
  both Kumogakure and Sunagakure.

There may also be shinobi's that have more than one kekkei genkai, eg Mei Terumī who can use three elements, namely earth, fire and water. However, unlike Mu and Onoki she can not combine the three at once. She can combine two of them at a time and create two different kekkei genkai, namely Boil Release (water + fire) and Lava Release (Earth + fire).

Based on the above categorization we can safely deduce, kekkei genkai means techniques passed down through blood, techniques which combine basic elements. But as discussed above there are a few exceptions.
Now to answer your second question, "If Naruto learns Lightning Release, and then combines with his Wind Release, would that be kekkei genkai or not?" - I'd say yes, as combining lightning release and wind release would put naruto in the exception category where he doesn't gain the ability from his clan, but is unique to him. (However its most unlikely that lightning and wind would make a stable combination.. :P )

the Nara, Yamanaka and akamichi clans do not have Kekke genkai, they have Hidden techniques. These can be learned by anyone, but are kept secret so no one else knows how to do so. See http://naruto.wikia.com/wiki/Hiden where it points this out and even uses the Nara clans Shadow Jutsu as the example.

then can Kakashi combine earth style and water style(as he has mastered all the chakra natures) and create wood style?

Kekkei Genkai is an ability that is passed down genetically, usually amongst the members of a specific clan.
However, there are several possibilities to acquire it. The first one would be transplantation. If Kekkei Genkai is isolated in a specific organ (e.g. in an eye), that organ can be transplanted to another individual, which will then be able to use the Kekkei Genkai.
Another possible variant is genetic modifications. This is what Orochimaru has done with Yamato. Obviously, if Kekkei Genkai is passed down genetically, genetic engineering can be used to "produce" it.
There are indeed some Kekkei Genkai abilities that are used by people with no apparent relations. It's  not yet known how is this possible, but I can speculate a little:

Maybe it developed individually in different unrelated people. While statistically unlikely, it is still possible.
Maybe the users have some kind of blood relation to each other, perhaps they share ancestors, or something like that.
Maybe there are other reasons that will be later explained in the manga.

From what I know, it would be translated as

a technique limited to inheritance by blood

However, the Dust Release, the Lava Release and the Magnet Release have users without relation to each other. I think they are transferred via transplantation, like Kakashi gained the Sharingan or Yamato the Wood-Release.

I can see how you'd transplant an eye (such as Kakashi's), but how do you transplant an ability?

@JNat: The same way Yamato gained the Wood-Release, I think^^. Just implant some cells.

Naruto cannot combine two different release, eg wind and lightning, to create a kei kei genkai. He has to be born with it in his blood, like the sharingan, byakugan, which is in the clan blood. Hence the name bloodline limit. The 1st homage wa born with water and earth realease and the combination of the two which is wood release. All kei kei genkai and touta users are special because of that. In was in their blood to produce those releases. Now tsunade is the 1st granddaughter but she can't use the wood style and he is the only person in naruto history to gain it naturally. Yamato was experimented on. And not all uchiha had the sharingan. Ninjas like Jiraiya and the Third could use all basic styles but couldn't mix them to create kei kei genkai. That's because it want in their blood or born being able to mix them


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How do you extract texts into a text format that you can copy and paste from visual novels?
Let's say you want to extract texts from the visual novel for the purpose of looking up the word in the dictionary, or feeding them into a machine translator. How would one go about accomplishing this?

I suppose you mean Japanese words?

@Alenanno From context, most VN's are in Japanese, so yes, Japanese words.

http://meta.anime.stackexchange.com/questions/11/are-questions-about-technical-aspects-of-visual-novels-on-topic in case if anyone wants to discuss if these type of questions are on-topic

I voted +1 to undo the -1, because I think VN and Anime are part of the same culture and market.

There are some software, such as Anime Games Text Hooker or Interactive Text Hooker, that are especially made for this purpose. Some people use them together with automated translation tools.
An AGTH tutorial, and an example screenshot of how it looks in action:

An ITH tutorial, and an example screenshot of how it looks in action:

source: Stack Exchange

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

sort: votes


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Why did Orb, a neutral nation, develop the Gundams?
At the beginning of the Mobile Suit Gundam SEED, Orb is shown to be hiding the Gundam development program. They are also later shown to be developing the mass production model's OS and training the first pilots for the frame.
Why is a neutral nation producing the Federation's main weapon and only trump card in the war?

I think it was more-so Morgenroete than the Orb Union that was been secretly collaborating with the Earth Alliance's Atlantic Federation to make Gundams.

That's plausible; in that case the scene with mass-production units later on would be just Orb training their own military force, not necessarily preparing software for the feddies.

you can`t hide like an ostrich in the middle of the war.

I would think it would be similar to any "neutral nation". In the sense that neutrality is only an illusion. A country like Switzerland was neutral because of their impossible terrain and their trained militia, they held a distinct advantage that made their conquest, 1)nearly impossible 2) requiring immense sacrifice and pain on the part of the aggressor and thus 3) not worth the effort. The simple honest answer is so they can continue to remain neutral. Gundams are super-weapons, the nuclear bombs of their day. If Orb were to not build them and remain "neutral" there would come a point where if an when one of the other two superpower's fell to the other, that they would be helpless against the winner - assuming the world wasn't destroyed by the conflict which I will address in a second. Mutually Assured Destruction, if you attack me I will retaliate to the full extent of my ability, causing you immense damage and equal pain to my own suffering. If I perish I shall mortally wound you with my last breath. Further the looming possibility total annihilation of both superpowers by each other hand's and the rest of the world along with it was a threat to everyone including Orb. It would be a threat that would be diminished by a further third party, with equivalent weapons, who could enter on either side giving a distinct advantage and tipping the balance of power. Thus Orb would act as an anchor, making sure that neither side went off the deep end. In the end it's all about self preservation.

A neutral country remains neutral only so long as it can defend its neutrality.

all_licenses: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/


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How are manhwa and manhua received in Japan?
How popular are Korean manhwa and Chinese manhua in Japan?
Is there a market for them as localized manga?

Are you looking for sales volumes of Korean and Chinese comics publications in Japan?

@chirale While stats will be good, a reliable opinion will also be fine. Thank you.

This question is about manhwa and Japanese culture, but not about Japanese manga, so my interpretation of http://meta.anime.stackexchange.com/questions/265/how-should-manga-be-defined is that this is off-topic, though I do think it's potentially an interesting question. I've voted to close as such, but it may be worth continuing the discussion in meta as to this sort of question.

Based on our expanded scope, this question now seems to be on-topic. Voted to reopen as such.


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What do the Hidamari Sketch "taglines" signify?
The sequels to Hidamari Sketch all have "taglines" of one sort or the other. They are:

Hidamari Sketch x 365
Hidamari Sketch x Hoshimittsu
Hidamari Sketch x SP
Hidamari Sketch x Honeycomb

What do 365, hoshimittsu, SP, and honeycomb signify and/or why were they chosen in particular?

SP stands for special, which makes sense because it's a special. 365 is probably signifying the number of days in a year, and Hoshimittsu literally means three stars, but I have no idea why they chose those names.

The Hoshimittsu series was literally written: できるかなって☆☆☆

This answer is purely speculation so if somebody else posts an answer that has an official source, please feel free to accept that answer instead.

365 (Season 2): Some of these events take place before, during, and after season 1 if I remember correctly. So basically they're saying something like "we're going back to then and showing you all 365 days of their year!" (except they aren't literally showing you all 365, just more of what you saw in season 1)
Hoshimittsu/☆☆☆ (Season 3): Three stars for season three
Honeycomb (Season 4): There are six sides on a typical honeycomb, and there are six girls living at Hidamarisou. If this is the reasoning, they could've used this title for season 3 as well though.

As Logan M said in the comments, SP just stands for "special" (as opposed to a TV series). I don't think there is any significant meaning beyond that.

The hexagonal idea is interesting. Thank you :)

Hidamari Sketch x SP is a two-part television special so thus the SP.

As for Season 4, the Japanese verb はにかむ (hanikamu) may also have something to do with it.

@yibe I can't really see a connection between the other はにかむ and Hidamari (or even that season in particular)

The word はにかむ is likely to be used to describe the cuteness of a girl acting bashfully, so I thought it might fit this anime featuring cute girls. (FWIW, the title banner says "hanikamu" rather than "honeycomb.")

Also, I've just found information about the title of Season 2 in this Wikipedia article, which says: 「365」とは1年の365日と人間の平熱である36.5℃との2つの意味があり、蒼樹自身の案によるものである "365 has two meanings: one is the number of days in a year; the other is 36.5 C, the average human temperature. This was proposed by Aoki Ume herself." So... Ume-sensei and the Hidamari anime staff may like titles with a double meaning.


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Do the novels explain the sudden "hair change" near the end of Gosick?
Near the end of the Gosick anime (possibly even just the last episode, I can't remember)... Victorique's hair suddenly changes from gold to silver.
There was speculation about whether this was an intended dye job to hide her identity or representative of her sadness.
Do the original novels give a clear explanation or is it just as ambiguous?

I don't think there is a no clear answer. It's speculated that it was either the result of Victorique dying it (because she heard they were looking for a blonde girl) or whitened due to stress (see Marie-Anotinette Syndrome).

@Krazer I saw that Wiki mentioned that syndrome on the Gosick page, but it did not provide a citation... So I wasn't sure if it was just speculation or something actually explained in the novels.

I don't recall it being mentioned in the light novels, both theories are just speculations made by fans.

It was neither stated in the manga or in the anime, nor the author revealed the reason in an interview/etc, but the most common explanation is the Marie-Antoinette-Syndrome. It's also written in the Wikipedia-article as a fact, but actually, it was never officially said, why the hair changes.

There was a Q&A session with the anime director on the Twitter regarding the last episode of GOSICK in July 2011, and one of the question was about the changing in hair color:

@namimi_sanjyo: アニメ版GOSICKの質問をいただいてます。少しお答えしますね。お付き合いよろしくです。
  「最終回でヴィクトリカの髪が銀髪になったのはストレスからなのか？それとも自ら脱色したか？」です。
  hyankhさん　GNT_0000さん　からいただきました。続く #gosick
@namimi_sanjyo: ずばり！銀髪になったのは演出意図です。って答えじゃないかｗ
  コルデリアやブライアンの死のショックで自然と色が抜けたのですが、
  彼女の心象を表すためにも色を変えました。
  ヴィクトリカは金色の妖精でもあり、
  その金色でなくなることは妖精ではなくなった事も意味しました。
  ショックぐらいで色が変わるはずがないと思うでしょうが、私の中でヴィクトリカは妖精でした。
  いにしえの生き物です！
  その彼女が力を失い人間になっていく過程（命乞いをするとか）が、あの逃亡中におこったのです！
  その表現として髪の色も変わったと思って下さいませ。 #gosick

Rough translation

@namimi_sanjyo: [...] "Was the reason for Victorique's hair color changing to silver due to the stress? Or was it losing color naturally? [...]
@namimi_sanjyo: [...]. The color naturally lost due to the shock from Cordelia and Brian's death, but it's also changed to express her mind. Since Victorique is also "The Golden Fairy", her hair not being golden means that she is not "The Fairy" anymore. While I don't think that it's possible for hair to change color due to shock, she is still a "Fairy" in my mind. An ancient creature! The process (begging to die) when she lost the power and became a human being happened while running away! Please think that as the expression by the change of her hair color.

Ironically, as it has been mentioned by looper & кяαzєя, Marie Antoinette syndrome actually exists. Also unfortunately, I failed to locate the tweets directly. Either they have been deleted or not indexed.

Source: Otanews (Japanese)


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What is Takumi's position in the Walker Family?
After some time, it is discovered that Takumi Usui is member of the Walker Family. The family connection, however, is unclear.
What's the Takumi's position in the Walker Family? How can he become the Walker Family heir?

Usui is the son of a woman from the Walker Family, Patricia Walker, and her butler, Yuu Hirose. According to maid-sama.wikia.com:

Usui's family has started to worry as Gerard is supposed to be the next inheritor of their wealth. So they began to search for Usui to put him under their control (they asked him to transfer to Miyabigaoka) so that they would have another inheritor in case something happens to Gerard.

As far as I know, Takumi is an illegitimate child.


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What is Gin and Matsumoto's relationship in Bleach?
I have not read the manga for Bleach (aside for the Thousand Year War arc) and have only watched the anime. I wanted to know if they dive into Gin and Matsumoto's relationship deeper in the manga. It seems that they were really good friends, but I'm curious to know if they were also in love. So my question is, what is the context of their relationship in the manga, assuming more about them is explained?

With regards to Gin and Rangiku's relationship, the anime does not significantly deviate from the manga. I do not recall all the details of every chapter, but the Bleach wiki pages for Gin and Rangiku does not mention anything different from the anime.

 Given how Gin spent 100 years and even betrayed Soul Society to get revenge just for making Rangiku cry, it is very unlikely this was "just friends". Likewise, Rangiku seemed to be having feelings for Gin, though there is less evidence of that.

Thanks @Deidara-senpai! I wasn't sure if their relationship was watered down for the anime, or if the anime simply didn't explain everything.

You are welcome. Also, please consider accepting the answer by clicking the check sign to the left. If you want to wait for more answers, that's fine too.

Well, if you read Gin Ichimaru's Wikipedia Quotes, he states to Rangiku in his dying thought:

"If you were to turn into a snake tomorrow and begin devouring humans, and from the same mouth you started devouring humans, you cried out to me 'I love you,' would I still be able to say 'I love you' the same way I do today?"

To me that says he loves Rangiku, and there are other evidences that he does.
For instances,  when he says

"It would have been nice if my capture lasted a little longer. Farewell, Rangiku. Sorry."

because he was leaving her again.


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Is it possible to transfer Shinigami powers accidentally?
In Bleach, Rukia transfers her Shinigami powers to Ichigo by having him stab himself in the chest with her zanpakuto.
If a person is stabbed in the chest by a zanpakuto, can they absorb half of the Shinigami's powers, or does it have to be intentional? If it does have to be intention, is there any reason given for that?

I think I remember that the reason why Ichigo took all of Rukia's powers was explained somewhere in the manga... but I totally can't remember in what part of the manga was it =(

Maybe Ichigo like a power sponge...

To clarify my question because everyone who answers isn't answering the question asked, I want to know if it is possible to transfer Shinigami powers accidentally, NOT why Ichigo absorbed more of Rukia's powers than he was supposed to.

@kuwaly I have answered that too. Unfortunately the way I interpreted your question, it felt like you were asking both. May I suggest you edit out the "transfer more than half" part from your question, and maybe move it to a new question?

@Deidara-senpai I edited out that part, and I just read that part in your answer.

The transfer of powers has to be intentional because otherwise the shinigami won't be able to stab anybody without losing their powers. Ichigo was stabbed by Kenpachi later in the Soul Society arc, and that did not give him the latter's powers.

The transfer was initiated by Rukia, but since Ichigo has such a powerful and dominant reiatsu (spiritual power), he ended up taking all of her death god powers.
It normally shouldn't happen, but Ichigo is a bit of a special case.

 Rukia stated that she didn't intend to transfer all her powers to Ichigo, meaning that it may be possible for shinigami powers to transfer accidentally.

However, Ichigo is a special case.

 Ichigo was born with high spiritual energy considering his parents weren't regular humans, his father being a soul reaper and his mother being a Quincy.
 Due to Ichigo's high spiritual energy, all of Rukia's shinigami powers transferred to Ichigo.

Assuming this is only because Ichigo is a special case, it may be possible for shinigami powers to accidentally transfer, but not all of it.
This is my theory on this question.

Saying that Rukia's powers were transferred is fundamentally wrong. Since Ichigo was a vessel capable of storing large Reiatsu (soul force), when she forcefully transferred her Reiatsu, Ichigo ended up pulling all of it. Hence rendering her powerless. She just poured her Reiatsu into him. Not her powers.

Ichigo is a special case. I do not want to spoil the story, so, I recommend not to read anything below this line

 There is a reason why the shinigami power were transferred to him. You see, he does not have ordinary parents. one of his parents is a former shinigami which caused him to have the capability of transferring shinigami powers to him. He was the only male in the family, and probably being the male he had a different gene than his sisters. makes sense ha?

I'm not sure I agree...You had me going at the parents thing, but lost me after that.

I've formatted the answer for you, please include spoilers in the appropriate format. Also, names and terms shouldn't be in code tags.

@MadaraUchiha I will, I did not know they exist. Thanks for the invite to this site. and the edit.

Glad to have you aboard! If have any questions regarding this site's policies, consult the meta, the faq, or is on chat. Good luck!  :-)

@Makoto I think he meant that Ichigo being the son of a shinigami makes his genes/DNA "compatible" with the shinigami powers, although the boy/girl thing did not make sense to me either. @ shnisaka If this is what you meant, please edit to make your point clear.


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What happens to Princess Tsubasa after she is cloned?
In Tsubasa: Reservoir Chronicle, Princess Sakura (also referred to as Princess Tsubasa) is cloned and replaced. What happens to Princess Sakura and what happens immediately after the switch for both Princess Sakura and her clone?

Who exactly are you trying to differentiate? The real Sakura and the clone Sakura in Tsubasa Reservoir Chronicle? I think your question is a bit unclear.

The original Sakura was taken as prisoner by Fei Wang.
He took the original Sakura and made the clone to avoid the risk of having Sakura dead during the journey of retrieving her feathers, to have the upper hand that if ever the clone fails (dies during the journey), he'll still have the original and can create another clone.
The clone was the Sakura who journey with Syaoran and the others. At their journey at Tokyo, where the real Syaoran showed up and thus revealed that the Syaoran with them was a clone, Sakura gained another feather that made her aware of her real existence as a clone. That was why Sakura was acting coldly towards the original Syaoran (knowing she was just a clone). Later on, Syaoran Clone (who has no heart now and was just following orders to get all Sakura's feather) learned that the original Syaoran has a feather with him and thus the two Syaorans started a fight. And because of that fight, the Clone accidentally stabbed through Sakura as she tried to protect the original Syaoran from being stabbed, making the Clone shocked as well. Then before perishing, she told Syaoran that she was just a clone and that her Sakura was not her. Apparently, the clone Sakura loves the clone Syaoran. And then she perished into a cherry blossom.
As far as I know, along with clone Syaoran, the clone Sakura were resurrected by Yuko because she was feeling guilty because she was the sole reason for why everything happened.
P.S., I edited my answer to answer your edited question. Contains a lot of spoiler but don't blame me, your question's scope wasn't that narrow so I answered in general. Hope this helped.
This and this are my sources for that answer.


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Is the nature of chakra hereditary?
It's been observed that the nature of the chakra a person possesses is determined by the village they are from.
For example, people from Iwagakure (Village Hidden in the Rocks) use earth release techniques, while people from Kirigakure (Village Hidden in the Mist) possess water-type chakra.
There seem to be exceptions, though.
For example, let's consider Konoha : Naruto possesses wind-type chakra while Kakashi and Sasuke possess lightning. Sasuke also possesses fire.
Is it hereditary, or is there something else that determines it? Or is it random?
The 5th Mizukage possesses 3 types of chakra elements: Earth, Fire and Water. If my supposition is correct, how she could achieve this?

Sai: I changed your "Village Hidden in the Water Fall" to "Village Hidden in the Mist" because the first one doesn't exist. If you mean another village, like the "Village Hidden in the Rain" (Amegakure), please fix it.

@kuwaly The Village Hidden in the Water Fall does exist.. It's where Kakuzu is from. http://naruto.wikia.com/wiki/Takigakure   You were right in correcting him because OP mentioned the waterstyle techniques but that doesn't mean the village doesn't exist.

Chakra Nature affinities are hereditary. That is why, as you referred, people from the same village or clan generally possess affinity toward the same nature (Uchiha's have a natural affiliation with the Fire Nature). This means that genetically, the affinity is passed from generation to generation, being the one that you are naturally connected to. Despite this, it may be possible for shinobi to have affinities that are different from the ones possessed by their parents, although I cannot remember any examples.
However, shinobi are not limited to the nature toward which they have a natural affinity. So one can also master other Chakra Natures through practice. Generally, shinobi at Jounin level have mastered more than one Chakra Nature.
Having said that, given the amount of time and practice taken for one to master a Chakra Nature, it is practically impossible to master all five Natures (unless you possess the Rinnegan, the Bashousen, or do it the way Kakuzu did).
You can also check out this question, that though not exactly the same, may answer some doubts you may have.

As for the examples you provide:

Sasuke has a natural affinity toward Fire Nature (as all Uchiha), and trained in order to master Lightning Nature. However, given how well he masters Lightning Nature, I'd say he may well have had a natural affinity toward it to start with.
Kakashi's natural affinity is toward Lightning Nature, and he masters other Natures through practice, presumably with the help of the Sharingan (in copying and understanding other shinobi's jutsu).
Whether Naruto's affinity toward Wind Nature is hereditary or not is unknown, since we do not know what affinities Minato and Kushina were born with (both were proficient in Wind Nature transformation, but also in other Natures: Kushina in Water Nature, and Minato in Fire and Lightning Natures).
As for the variety of Konoha's shinobi's affinities, check out this comment from Madara.
As for the case of Mei Terumi, I do not think it is known whether her affinities and Kekkei Genkai were obtained naturally or through practice.

Isn't Sasukes natural affinity Lightning? I thought that was the reason Kakashi taught him the Chidori.

Nope: like I mentioned, all Uchicha have a natural affinity towards Fire Nature.

The affinity to lightning was apparently Anime only (when Kakashi asked him to channel his chakra through the chakra paper and it wrinkled instead of burning). For the manga it appears that both lightning and fire are his natural affinities.

I feel you're correct, JNat, but Bashousen, Rinnegan, and Kakuzu's methods of obtaining all chakra natures aren't the only ways. You can achieve this by using Rikudou Senjutsu as well.

That much is unexplained, however, one can assume that it is to some degree hereditary.

People from all villages (with the exception of Konoha, which is a unison of multiple multicultural clans), often use element specific techniques to their village (Mist uses water, Cloud uses lightning, etc).
Kekkei Genkai (genetic techniques) are often meant to be specific elements, which require specific elemental combinations (of two or sometimes more).

It was said that every shinobi has a primary chakra type (Wind for Naruto, lightning for Kakshi, etc), and that they can expand their chakra mastery to further elements (Kakashi knows lightning (primary), earth and water (there's also anime-specific fire)).
Yin and Yang elements seem to be an exception to that rule. It looks like it depends on the shinobi's innate chakra system (Hashirama could use healing techniques, which were implied to be Yang element, but also use Wood, which is a fusion between Earth and Water).

I have though about it for a while the secondary nature that sasuke and Naruto have are based on there past think about it
Lightning is unstable sasuke legit has no one the whole entire uchiha clan was kill be itachi he lived the life in the shadow of is bother who I think if I'm corrrect got jonien at 14 or 15 so yeah his life kinda sucks
Wind is Naruto's calm cool and soft I think this he had people that cared for him examples include iruka and kakashi this isn't say that wind is always calm just look at hurricanes and tornados ether way both elements irl are dangerous under that right conditions like the 2 badass shinobi

It is implied in the manga that chakra affinities are partly genetic and partly influenced by the natural energies of the land. People born in Fire country are more likely to have fire as their primary affinity, Earth country natives to have earth affinity, etc. It does seem to work somewhat like  other heritable characteristics, though, in that individuals from families with some predominant affinity may still be born with a different primary affinity.
In addition, children in some families are born with dual affinities (kekkei genkai) and these are inherent to the bloodline and will be inherited by all of the offspring.
It is stated that most people have more than one affinity, although one is usually dominant, and that secondary affinities can be developed with practice. By the time a shinobi reaches Jounin level, they are pretty much expected to have developed at least one secondary affinity to reasonable levels. Most of the Kage level shinobi seem to have developed two, or more, although not all if them can combine these into kekkei genkai or higher level merges.
Most can also develop at least some proficiency with either Yin release (e.g. shadow manipulation, illusion techniques) or Yang release (e.g. healing or body modification) or both.

all_licenses: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Where can I watch/stream English subbed Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters?
I've searched Google about the series but no results were found.
Where can I legally watch/stream English subbed Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters?

Have a look at the list on our meta site.

Hulu (Dub & Sub)
Crunchyroll (Sub only)
Yahoo! View (Dub only)
MyAnimeList

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
In Naruto, does the previous host die after Orochimaru changes hosts?
If so, why are there some who are eager to be the next "container"?

And in Boruto why haven't they stopped Orochimaru from taking new hosts?

I put the question related to Boruto in a spoiler field. If someone who's more familiar with Naruto feels it should be taken out, feel free.

I disagree with Abhishek's reasoning why they let him do it.
Well, Sasuke might be the pragmatic type who could think "Well, maybe someone dies occasionally but his information could save the village many times."
But Naruto is an ol' Shonen "Save everyone" type of guy. He almost breaks because Neji is killed in the war in front of his eyes, if not for Hinata. Neji was "some kind of"-friend to Naruto, their biggest interaction was during their first Chunin exam and the hunt for Sasuke. Neji was Hinata's cousin and bodyguard and although he had a somewhat rude attitude towards her at the beginning of the series Naruto, that was changed after Naruto beat him up.
Let me emphasize this: Naruto is more emotionally unstable than Hinata. Naruto cares deeply about people, even if it is just some random bridge builder who fooled the village with a mission rank and put Naruto and his team in mortal danger. There is no way Naruto would accept an occasional offering of a person for the sake of Orochimaru's longevity.
There are two scenarios I can imagine:

Orochimaru found a way to only use beings as sacrifices that don't count as "people" in Naruto's eyes. That could be something like Zetsu clones, brain dead people or maybe Naruto learned of the existence of humans like child abusers and adjusted his morals.
The people in charge of Orochimaru, including Sasuke and Yamato, lie to Naruto regarding Orochimaru's practices, so that Orochimaru can continue his work.

It may help that

Orochimaru's son is in the village's care.

To answer your first question,Yes. Much like shedding skin of a snake.
They haven't stopped him in Boruto because he is much more useful to them alive.
They know Orochimaru has huge amount of Intel, which would be useful to them in the future. This proved to be true in the Shin Uchiha arc, when he told them who Shin was.
Also, they know that now that Naruto and Sasuke are so much powerful (too OP), Orochimaru wouldn't be a big problem to them.
But to prevent any mishap, they still have put surveillance on him. Captain Yamato was seen keeping an eye on Orochimaru in the Shin Uchiha arc in the anime.


text:
Why is it that English dubbed anime shows still use Japanese words such as Senpai and many others?
Most anime shows use senpai more common in English as master or teacher. As of the songs in the start already answered. The anime makers might as well put in master as to the anime "Naruto" they use more English content.

There are some Japanese words (particularly honorifics) that don't have any good translations. Senpai is a good example of them, though it doesn't actually mean master or teacher. It basically means upperclassman, though it's broader than just for school and basically counts anyone more senior in work or school (though not a teacher).
One reason that they likely keep it in instead of just taking out words that aren't easily translatable altogether is that the mouth movements need to roughly match. If there's a character whose name always has "senpai" after it, for example, the easiest way to make that work is to just leave the word senpai in instead of stretching for a bad translation.
There are also some words that end up being used as essentially proper nouns. Jutsus in Naruto, for example, (as far as I remember) are called that in the English dub and translations as well because it is used as just a word in the Naruto world, where the meaning can be gleaned from context and past usage.

What about the dubs that DON'T include honorifics which appear to to be the vast majority of dubs?


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How come there are still Quincies if the whole race was wiped out?
I just don't get it. How can there be a quincy population if they were all wiped out?

Hi. If I remember correctly, they weren't wiped out completely, as seen in the manga. While the wikia states that they 'were wiped out' by Shinigami to maintain balance, there were still surviving Quincies after the operation. Hence, they were able to populate, although being strictly monitored.

The choice of words are confusing, I know ('wiped out' was also use in the VIZ translations). All you need to remember is that their population slowly decreased throughout the years and their numbers did not disappear in one instant, there are still survivors.

because the entire race being wiped out was an exaggeration.
first off we know at the start of the series there were some Quincy still around such as as Uryu was being trained by his grand father Soken while Uryu's father was "retired" from being a Quincy so it's clear that they hadn't been all wiped out, more so we later learn that

 Ichigo's mother Masaki is a Quincy

so the survivors from when they were "wiped out" was not limited to a single family
in the 1000 Year Blood War Arc we find out that hundreds of years before the Quincy was wiped out there was another conflict between the Quincy and the Soul Reapers in which the Quincy Progenitor, Yhwach, lost his powers after this battle and didn't resurrect for 990 years (900 years for his body to revive and 90 years to regain intellect) +9 more years for him regaining his former powers.

About 1,000 years ago, under unknown circumstances, Genryūsai Shigekuni Yamamoto failed to kill him. Sometime around or during the course of this event, Yhwach witnessed the capabilities of Yamamoto's Bankai, Zanka no Tachi. After his battle with Yamamoto, Yhwach supposedly lost his powers. Quincy folklore spoke of him as "The Sealed King": after 900 years of being sealed, he would regain his pulse; after another 90, he would regain his intellect; and after 9 more years, he would absorb the power of every "impure" Quincy to make their abilities his own.

Source: Yhwach > History (4th Paragraph)
after Yhwach's defeat the remainder of the Quincy who followed him went into hiding in the Seireitei and used the Reishi to create a invisible space where they hid waiting for Yhwach's return, these Quincy were called the Wandenreich.
Since the Wandenreich was hidden from the Soul Reaperd and keeping a low profile, they weren't apart of the group that threatened the balance almost 800 years later which lead the Soul Reapers to "wipe them out". so even if it was a full genocide by the Soul Reapers there was always going to be Quincy left in the Wandenreich.
also Yhwach has the power to share his soul which is then used to cultivate the Quincy powers in that person before he takes back the the part of his soul he shared, so as long as Yhwach exists the Quincy can be reborn

All the Quincies that were known of were wiped. It's kind of like in the book "The Knife of Never Letting Go", the humans think all the Spackle are wiped, but only the Mayor (in this case, Old Man Yama) knew that they were very much still alive. Hope this answers your question.


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Why can't Ed perform alchemy without his arm?
This answer establishes that all that's needed for a person who's seen the Gate to perform alchemy is to be able to make a circle with their body. However, Ed doesn't seem to be able to perform alchemy without his automail arm working.
Why can't he, for example, make a circle between his flesh arm and his shoulder/port and do alchemy that way? Or, alternatively, why can't he make a circle between his functioning flesh arm and his non-functioning automail arm?
Is there any canon explanation for this, or does it seem to be just a plot excuse for his automail arm being broken stopping him from doing alchemy?

This is only my opinion, but Edward himself might think he has to touch his palms together to make Alchemy function. As the number of people who can perform alchemy without a circle is pretty scarce and Ed is the only one with an automail the option never might have occured to him. It's also possible the circle created by touching his own shoulder wouldn't work at all because it's shape is asymmetrical. But again, this is only my guesswork and I don't remember the topic ever being touched in the manga,

@Gorzius Well, but based on the other answer, all that is really needed is the circular seals created by pressing flesh (or, in Al's case, fabric) against something, and doing that with hands is enough. So, the shape of the arm wouldn't matter, but the shape of the contact points where his hand presses against his shoulder. Even when he presses his palms together, his arms don't create a circular shape, since his hands are close to his chest, so the arms are more oval/rectangular in shape

He can't make a perfect circle without his arm.
The mechanics of Edward's ability to transmute without a traditional circle are not that well defined. He enters the Portal of Truth and then gleans some kind of knowledge about alchemy that allows him to do this. He probably couldn't tell you why he needs both arms, he just knows that he does.
That said, we can try to make an educated guess.
While it's true that he could make a "circle" by putting his arm on his shoulder or other part of his body, this wouldn't serve as a true transmutation circle.
Almost every transmutation circle we see in the series has a single common property: symmetry.

Though this symmetry isn't perfect, with the symbols being different in the circle on the left and Al's Blood Seal on the right having that slightly asymmetrical circle in the middle, for the most part, the circles are perfectly symmetrical, especially the borders and the "structure" within.
If Edward tried to make a circle with one arm, he would have an awkward and asymmetrical circle.

When he uses both arms, though, he is able to make a (roughly) symmetrical circle, and perform a transmutation.

You also mentioned:

... why can't he make a circle between his functioning flesh arm and his non-functioning automail arm?

I don't see why he couldn't.
He never really got a chance to do this, though.
As far as I can remember, the only time his arm was not working, yet completely intact and attached to his body, was right after the fight with the Slicer brothers when Envy and Lust showed up in the 5th Laboratory.
When his arm broke, he was freaking out, and he had also lost a lot of blood, so I doubt he was thinking clearly. Envy knocked him out before he was really able to try anything. Also, his arm breaking was probably a bit for comedic purposes too.


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What was the first manga magazine?
What was the first manga magazine? And what manga are published in there? I'm curious about this, I'm only familiar with Shonen Jump and it published in Japan by Shueisha from 1970
I was wondering if there are any other manga magazines that have been published before Shonen Jump?

There are quite a few manga magazines that started before Shonen Jump. Going off of this list, the earliest published manga magazine was Monthly Manga Shounen (Gekkan Manga Shounen), which started in 1947.
There are manga magazine publishing companies that predate 1947, such as Shogakukan, which was founded in 1922; Kodansha, which was formally founded in 1938; and Kadokawa Shoten, which was founded in 1945. As far as I can tell, though, none of these companies published manga magazines before 1947.
Toward the Terra was one manga published in Monthly Manga Shounen.


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Are the Arakawa anime chapters based off a manga?
Each episode has a number of chapters in it, with about 100 in each season.  I think season 1 actually had 105 but season 2 ended with Chapter 200. I am wondering if these chapters are actually based off an Arakawa manga?

There is an Arakawa Under the Bridge manga, and it has a lot of chapters. At the time of writing, the following tankobon volumes exist:

Volume    Chapters
   1        1- 23 (+X)
   2       24- 47 (+X-2)
   3       48- 77 (+X-3)
   4       78-107 (+X-4)
   5      108-136 (+X-5)
   6      137-166 (+X-6)
   7      167-196 (+X-7)
   8      197-225 (+Nakamura Koubou Shutchou-ban, X-8)
   9      226-255 (+X-9)
  10      256-280 (+Shuushoku no Yuusha Recruit, Hige mo Seifuku no Uchi, X-10)
  11      281-301 (+Riku-chan Kinsei Nikki 1, 2, Meikyuu Labyrinth, Tokimeke!! Arakawa Memorial, X-11)
  12      302-325 (+X-12)
  13      326-356 (+Joshi-ryoku Sentai Love East, X-13)

does the X-# have any meaning?

@Memor-X I don't actually read the manga, so I don't know how they fit into the plot per se, but the special feature of the X-# segments seems to be that they are illustrated in full color (unlike all the other chapters).


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What's the deal with Yui?
I've watched all the episodes on Crunchy Roll (SAO and ALO) and I think I missed something.
The character Yui acts as though she is the child of Asuna and Kirito.  I do not remember Yui in the SAO arc, but perhaps I missed it.
When did Asuna and Kirito have a child?  How did that child get special access to the system?

Yui is certainly a part of the SAO arc - she appears in it quite prominently.
She is found by Kirito and Asuna and they "adopt" her in SAO, though she turns out to not be exactly what she appears to be.

 She is, in fact a program. A mental health assistance program (who has been disallowed from doing its job when SAO was locked down). This explains her special system access and knowledge.

Can you point to the first episode she appears in?  I'd like to re-watch that.

@DavidStarkey - Episodes 11 and 12 are the central ones to Yui.

Also, you can read the story at Volume 2 of light novel, "Morning dew girl". The story of Yui are on 1 and 22 floors (After Kirito & Asuna got married).

Well, the question is already answered but I will try to explain more details...
Both the game and the NerveGear were created by Akihiko Kayaba.
so we can say the cardinal system and Yui were also created by Akihiko Kayaba.

 Yui was programmed to understand and learn human emotions and mental
 health but later Yui was locked to just to read and do not have any
 access to the system to help people log out in case it is affecting
 their health.

 while reading everyone mental health she found that there are two
 human Kirito and Asuna who were happy and enjoying their life in this
 virtual world and everyone else is scared of death and just want to go
 out of this shitty game. some of them even lose hope and committed
 suicide.

 So Yui wants to be part of the Asuna and Kirito. she met them
 purposely to go close to them. When they found her they thought she is
 just some lost child, they tried to find her parents but later during
 a battle in dungeon Yui saved Asuna and kirito ( she was an immortal
 object in the game and defeated very high-level monster with ease )

 Cardinal was AI software to and is able to recognize that Yui
 programmed is having some bug so they decided to delete her. But
 kirito plays and smart move and saved her all data in his SAO profile.
 Because of Yui Kirito able to understand the reality of Akihiko Kayaba
 who was playing a leader role in no.1 clan in the game just to make
 people fool ( he was immortal object too that is why kirito loss duel
 against him)

 later when kirito won sword art he found out 300 people still not
 awakened by the game including Asuna. later he found out the image of
 Asuna inside another RPG game. He started to play that game in search
 Asuna and he found out that the game is having all of his previous
 data and skills of sword art online except items. so he tried to find
 out Yui data in his profile. after finding her data he activated Yui
 back. who read all the information about this game and told him that
 this game is having copy data of SAO and turned herself into pixie so
 that the game not able to find about her. Yui also told Kirito that
 her data is now saved inside local memory of Kirito nervegear.

Because of her programming, she is somehow sentimental which makes it possible for her to want to be part of a family and stay with Asuna and Kirito.


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Is is possible that a shooting range is the whole court?
In Kuroko no Basket's Episode 12 , Midorima said that his shooting range was the entire court. Can this happen in real life?

Having ridiculous sports abilities is common in sports anime/manga (see Prince of Tennis).

This question appears to be off-topic because it is about basketball, and doesn't require any knowledge of the anime in question to answer.

Or the better question: Is it possible to do HALF of the things they do there? (like a spontaneous nitro or having byakugan in real life). Well I guess not...

His shooting range isn't the entire court. I haven't watched the anime, but I have read the latest manga and his consistent shooting range is around half court. His statement is probably a bluff in this case.
No one can frequently hit shots from full or half court in basketball, it is simply too far. Most people throw the ball from those distances, because shooting doesn't have enough power to go that far. And throwing the ball means you are just lunging it, without aiming.
EDIT:
If you can hit a shot from full court range, you dont even have to pass in the ball. You can just throw it from there.


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How can the man in the back see?
In the back of this screenshot from Naruto episode 80 (during the Third Hokage's funeral), circled, is a man with his face entirely covered by bandages. Is it known how he can see?

You may want to mention which episode this is from to provide some context.

That ninja was shown, earlier, in the Chunin-exam.

Because he takes care that nobody cheats in the exam, he must have an ability to sense things without using his eyes. It's most likely a special jutsu or Kekkai Genkai.


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Why is King Deviluke in his chibi form?
Why is King Deviluke in his chibi form when Lala, Zastin, Nana and Momo (his offsprings) are on their normal forms? I thought it was because he was on Deviluke planet, but even when he came to earth, he was still on his chibi form. Was it ever explain in the anime?

According to this Wiki:

Lala states his current appearance is due to him using too much power
during the "Galaxy Unification Wars", which desized his body.

If I recall correctly, It was mentioned on the anime by Lala.

It was mentioned, just watched it recently.

This is mentioned in chapter 127 of the manga1, where Lala reminisced about the time she got lost when she was small, and her father (King Deviluke) found her. At that time, King Deviluke carried her back to the castle, since he was still at his normal size. Only later in the Galaxy Unification War that he used up too much of his power and ended up shrinking to the size of a small child.
1 This is during the journey to planet Mistletoe to find a cure for Celine. Lala was under effect of pollen and was drained of all her physical power. The reminiscence happens when she was carried by Rito on the back.

This trait of the Deviluke is again shown in chapter 44 of To LOVE-Ru Darkness where Lala herself turns into small child's body after exhausting all her power to protect Rito from Golden Darkness's rampage.


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Who began the war with the Hideauze?
I just began watching Suisei no Garugantia and didn't understand why there is that unexplained (at least so far) war against the Hideauze aliens. Who attacked first, and for what reason?

If you just began watching the series, this answer will be a huge spoiler for you. The information here is from episode 9, so I'd advise you to wait for the episode before reading this.
In episode 9, Ledo got hold of some information from the past in which he learnt about the origins of both the Hideauze and the war between them and mankind.
Spoilers from episode 9 from here onward!
Before Earth's fifth ice age, a group of humans underwent heavy genetic modifications, in order to adapt themselves to space environment, so that they could migrate from Earth. These people were called the Evolvers. The human Evolvers are what became the Hideauze.
There were countries that stood by the Evolvers, and countries that stood against them (the Continental Union). The opposition movement against the Evolvers opened fire against them. From there things escalated into a war between "regular" humans and Hideauze (genetically modified humans), because they both wanted to flee from Earth (using a portal being built by the Continental Union), and saw each other as a threat.
Basically, "regular" humans attacked first, because they saw the genetic modifications the Evolvers underwent as a sort of blasphemy (and were, most likely, afraid of them). However, the war only got to what it is now because the Hideauze saw the portal being built as a threat to them (because they'd be stranded on Earth), and decided to take preemptive action against "regular" humans.
Here's a set of pics from episode 9 (click it to enlarge):


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Why do some of the scenes in the 5th Episode of Attack on Titan differ when it was aired in Fukuoka?
The airing of the 5th episode of Attack on Titan in Fukuoka (see top in the Youtube video below) had some noticeable differences from the original airing (see bottom).
Why were these changes made? Was it due to censorship or production issues?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2jaRBxrzNMs

Can you summarize what was in the video? The link is now dead because the account that uploaded it was removed.

@FAE I've replaced the link.

@Krazer, Link is down...

@Pacerier not anymore!

@Krazer, Why did you not embed the video in instead?

@Pacerier: Not supported by SE, AFAIK.

@Pacerier Youtube embedding is enabled on a per-site basis. While I requested it here, it hasn't yet been enabled. To get SE to consider enabling it, one needs to find examples of answers which would be significantly improved by embedding the video as opposed to linking. Until then, links are the best we can do.

In the video you linked, the uploader also linked to a news post on the Attack on Titan anime's official website. This news post explains the situation. I've translated the most relevant part:

各放送局のオンエアー日を極力揃えて放送しておりますが、 この度は制作上及び放送局納品期限の都合により、このような放送形態となりました。
Although we tried our hardest to deliver the same product to
  each broadcasting office on the day of the airing, due to certain
  circumstances involving the episode as well as the broadcast office's
  deadline, the broadcast ended up like this.

Source: Attack on Titan news post
Seems like the staff were running a little too close to their deadlines and ended up not having the finished product for all stations. I think it would be safe to assume that stations that aired the unfinished version had stricter deadlines.


text:
Could there be a Devil Fruit that makes you an outstanding swimmer?
In One Piece, is there a Devil Fruit that makes you a great swimmer? It seems impossible since eating a Devil Fruit makes you unable to swim. Does the series ever address this?

If this question might be opinion based, the popular similar question definitely is: http://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/5041/would-a-water-manipulating-devil-fruit-user-be-able-to-swim?rq=1  I do believe my answer removes any opinion though.

Do you mean a swimmer as one who exclusively swims in water?

There is actually a canon answer to this.  The Sui-Sui No Mi (official english name is Swim-Swim fruit) is a Paramecia Fruit eaten by Senior Pink.
As the ocean is inaccessible to Devil Fruit users, the Swim-Swim Fruit makes you an excellent swimmer... through anything else including solid material (except seastone).
Unless Oda decides to create one, no devil fruit will exist which is a loophole to allow the user to swim through water.

I think we should also mention Brooke because, thanks to his DF, he became a skeleton and is now able to RUN on water. Which is basically beating the system. :P

@Gravinco There are several DF that allow you to cross water or fly over it but these aren't loopholes or swimmers.  They are never submerged.

I know, but I thought it was worth mentioning :)


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Kekkei Tota Bloodline limit passing
My question is, if kekkei tota is a bloodline limit, then how did the 2nd tsuchikage (Mu) teach it to Ohnoki the 3rd tsuchikage (who are not from the same bloodline)? Or does kekkei tota work differently than kekkei genkai?

There's no indication that it's ever specifically stated one way or another that it's hereditary, and given that two people without any blood relation have it, it can be assumed that it is not hereditary. Rather, based on Shippūden episode 268, it seems that what is necessary is, at the very least, for the users to have an affinity for all three elements that the kekkei tōta uses. However, as Dust Release is currently the only known kekkei tōta, it's hard to say if that is definitively the only requirement. The Naruto Wiki addresses this.


text:
Is there a specific age timeline in Detective Conan?
Do the characters in Detective Conan age according to time? I am asking how the characters age, or if the characters age at all.

No, I am specifically asking as to how or if the characters aged in the series. Hold on, I'll edit it slightly.

No I believe it is one of those shows that has years go by but they remain the same age like Pokemon ash never ages even though he should be 18 now and not 10


text:
What kind of sword did Assassin use?
I'm on episode 7 of Fate/Stay Night Unlimited Blade Works, where Assassin has shown up. From what I have read, his sword is a long katana, but it doesn't have a tsuba (hand guard). As far as I know about katana, they can have shirasaya (mountings without tsuba), but they weren't used for battle. Was the sword just a katana that they didn't bother to put a tsuba on for stylistic reasons, or was it actually a different kind of sword?

An exact solution is not traceable... The closest katana is a Nodachi (大太刀) without a Tsuba 鍔 (Handguard) and with a blue/light yellow decorated Tsuka 柄 (Hilt).

Image from Sakura no kuni.
As you mentioned in your question it could also be a shirasaya 白鞘.
A Shirasaya actually contains two plain wooden parts. The Saya さや (Scabbard) and the Tsuka. These parts are used to store a katana blade and prevent it from corroding.
The Shirasaya Tsuka is actually not made to be used in combat because of the missing Tsuba 鍔 (Hand guard). I also do not think that a storage tsuba is fixed strong enough to the blade to use it for fighting.

Image (Sakura Shirasaya) by Bahr3DCG from DeviantART.
Furthermore there is also a Shikomizue 仕込み杖 that general also do not have a tsuba.
A Shikomizue is actually a sword hidden in a stick. Propose of such a stick is to hide the sword from the public because it was not allowed to openly carry a sword.

Image (Shikomizue Katana) by bernardfokke from DeviantART.
In addition they are mostly decorated because it should look nice and unobtrusively like the tsuka of Monohoshizao.
Anyway it is rather be a Nodachi because of length and it is also slightly curved. Just without a hand guard.

In my opinion, I don't think it is the first one, since Assassin is a swordman, not a ninja, and there is no need to hide his sword. I also don't think it is the second one either, since the second one is for storage, not for fighting.

@nhahtdh You are actually right. Nevertheless he could use the Shikomizue even if he do not hide it. Both weapons are not made for combat because the missing handguard is deleterious. In addition the secound one can be used for fighting if the hilt is mounted correct.

The missing handguard means that he can't thrust, only slash, but I think Assassin's style doesn't involve any thrusting, so I think it is still usable for him.

@nhahtdh Edited my post. What you think about the nodachi? This is the best I could find but it general has a handguard...

From my search, I also think that nodachi is the closest. I don't know about the handguard, though.

After reading Kojirou's ja.wikipedia and wikia pages, I came to the following conclusions: legend says he used a nagamitsu (mostly tachi) made by the (Bizen) Osafune school; in the anime, the sword is engraved with (Bichuu) Aoe, another famous sword-making school, and the most famous sword made by that school is the Nikkari Aoe. Their lengths are about half that in the anime (1.5m). I believe the sword Assassin uses in the anime is just a long tachi (nodachi) without the handguard.


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How did all of the weird creatures end up in class 2A?
Class 2A in Negima has many different creatures, such as a robot and a vampire. In fact, many of the students in class seem to be non-human or at least weird. Was there a reason given for them all being in the same class? Were they all purposely put in the same class or was it a coincidence?

Most likely, it's purposely because the entire academy was run by mages, and they would know about most if not all of these cases. There also is the fact that a 10 year old genius mage was given that class specifically.
It will, though, remain in the realm of speculation as no such thing has been mentioned in the manga series.


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Did Sora / Kite ever return to the world?
Toward the end of .hack//Beyond The World (like the last two minutes), it's announced that THE WORLD would come back online and Sora is asked if she was going to play again. However, at the very end of the movie we see Aura sitting in her garden, silent as ever.
THE WORLD goes on, but what happens to Kite?

In the .hack//Versus game, It's stated that Sora and her friends return after a year after the events in .hack//Beyond movie.

There is no certitude as of now as there is still no sequel apart from the .hack//versus ova in which sora is not featured.


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Are the Chunin exams always held in Konoha?
I know that all of the villages now hold their Chunin exams together and have since the Third Ninja World War. The only two in-canon Chunin exam that have been seen, however, were held in Konoha. Are all Chunin exams held in Konoha? If not, how is it decided where they are held?

There have actually been two in-canon exams. Obito, Kakashi, Guy and the others from that batch took part in the other.

I think it was specifically said that it's held in different villages each time and that it only happened to be held in Konoha at this time.

EDITED:
According to www.naruto2.com, no. It can be held in different ninja villages as well. And because of convenience purposes, the village with the most participating ninjas will host the Chuunin Exams.

Do you have any evidence for this?

I'm sorry, I forgot to add the reference. I've already edited my answer.
I was thinking of Kiri's Deathmatch Exam that Sabuza won after killing his classmates. That's why I answered 'No'. But on second thought, it's just a Genin Exam, not a Chuunin. My bad. You can downvote me if you're not satisfied with the reference..XD


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What are the familial relationships in Gentlemen's Alliance Cross?
I read Gentlemen's Alliance Cross a while ago and I remember being exceedingly confused about the familial relationships between the characters. I know the main character (Haine) is not related to the people she's living with, and that there was something really weird there, and that the emperor of the school was actually his brother, but then he wasn't, or something like that. Can someone explain those two sets of relationships (Haine with her parents and the emperor with his brother/family)?

Haine was born into the Kamiya family, but "sold" to the Otomiya family in exchange for 50 million yen, hence why her family name is Otomiya.
Shizumasa is the emperor, but we first meet the "fake" Shizumasa, who is filling in for the real one, and we find out the fake is actually Shizumasa's twin brother.
For more details including family tree diagrams, see the GAC wikia:

Haine page
Kamiya family page
Togu family page


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Is the religion in Shingeki no Kyojin supposed to resemble a real-life religion?
In the religion in SnK, they worship the walls as their protectors and a number of times say that the walls were put there by God. The walls are also at least once referred to as Goddesses, though that is from subtitles and may not be entirely correct. Is this supposed to be based off of or mirror any real-life religion? Have the creators made any comments about this?

Although I can't find a source stating this, I presume this might be based on the Jewish religion. In the Jewish religion there is the Kotel. This is a old wall located in Jerusalem which is used for prayer.

The Western Wall, Wailing Wall or Kotel is located in the Old City of Jerusalem at the foot of the western side of the Temple Mount. It is a remnant of the ancient wall that surrounded the Jewish Temple's courtyard, and is arguably the most sacred site recognized by the Jewish faith outside of the Temple Mount itself. source

I feel like they refer to all real life religions. Since AoT people have no real history of our time, they slowly created their own religion to explain the walls and humanity (like Adam and eve).
I don't tend to Wikipedia every answer. In this case this is a personal opinion with which I back up with Armin when he is called a heretic for his beliefs, like in Assassins Creed where they always go on about their gods.

Please include some more detail/references to back this up.

This is a likely explanation, but do you have sources/proof? Or is it just a personal theory?


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How is hentai anime voicing recorded?
With normal anime, all the seiyuu involved are in one room where they step up and talk to the microphone when it is their turn. Both male seiyuu and female seiyuu are present in the same room and might even stand together one next to the other if their characters are having conversation.
However, what about hentai anime? Do they still record it as if it was a normal anime?

I recall a manga/ONA called Koe de Oshigoto! which allegedly shed some light on this process.  How much light is still subjective, but this would be useful to know/clarify.

Based on the quality of the voice acting in many hentai, it wouldn't surprise me if they recorded it sitting alone in a dark room with a penlight on the script and no visual.

According to my research, many sources point to the normal anime approach. It's not really different than a normal anime with occasional ero scenes.

A blog from Pink Pineapple (Japanese, possibly NSFW!) mentioned how the voice recording session for its adult anime, Boy Meets Harem THE ANIMATION (MyAnimeList, possibly NSFW!), was done:

[...] Even though it's not targeted on purpose, other than the sound director who had to direct the acting, the main character Naoki Shindou's seiyuu and 4 female seiyuu entered the recording booth, surrounding him just like the original work harem situation, and then the voice recording was done (LOL).

(...however, the wording of "not targeted on purpose" and the existence of "recording booth" seem to give a hint that it's not the usual way they do it)
There are also some pictures of the recording studio, although it didn't show the process of the recording (censored images behind links, potentially NSFW!).

Title screen
Scene 1
Scene 2

(Source (Japanese): the site itself is probably not NSFW, but the current topic is NSFW as per above)

Other than that, I could only take some info from Japanese online discussions:

How does seiyuu record their voices in adult anime?

akatsukinops: It's the same as normal anime (everyone stands in front of the mike), even for hentai anime. Well, there's also 1-by-1 recording just like eroge approach.
Actually, a female seiyuu who performed a bed scene in a certain normal anime stated that even though she was quite embarrassed because there was a voice actor beside her and co-actor behind her, she performed it precisely in the end.

How is the mental state of the seiyuu in hentai anime and eroge?

akatsukinops: Here is a comment from a female seiyuu on an H-scene of a normal anime:
1) at the time of recording, she wore a hat until eye level because she was so embarrassed.
2) There was an H partner's male seiyuu just beside her and they recorded the voice together.
3) She could only face the front (the script and the monitor), she couldn't see co-actors (beside) and staffs (behind) totally. (Now she has passed the audition for H-scene and appeared on adult works anonymously/on different name)

How does seiyuu record their voices in H-anime?

comment #9: I'm a (female) seiyuu. Because there are also non-H scenes, they're done just like other (normal) anime, but there are also those who record the voice 1-by-1. When it's the H-scene, each stand in front of their own mike. [...]

While it's not asked, I'll put info about eroge voice recording too.
(Also, it's because I couldn't find much info about the actual hentai anime's voice recording. It got mixed up with AV with seiyuu theme, which I believe is not how they actually do)
As mentioned before, for eroge, it's (almost?) always done alone inside a booth with only a script book and a mic. The reason is, compared to the (hentai) anime, there's no detailed animation timing to be followed.
On an online Q&A Twitter session with a female eroge seiyuu, "Satou Yuki" (Japanese), when she was asked how she recorded the voice, she answered that it was done inside a booth. Answers on Yahoo! Chiebukuro also agree with that.
There's a 1-hour variety show in Japanese about eroge's seiyuu on YouTube. It's rated R-15+ by them but definitely NSFW (occasional explicit graphic & explicit sound). Although there's no caption, it's still worthy to watch since they actually demonstrated how they performed the sound/voice... on a straight face.
Bonus: a compilation video of NG scene when doing eroge voice recording on YouTube (still image and sound only, NSFW: explicit sound). It shows that they don't feel uncomfortable when performing such voice.

My personal conclusion is, whether the scene is H or not, it doesn't seem to seriously obstruct the seiyuu's performance even if there are other people. It's their job, after all.

Update: Shibuya Kaho, A former jav actor explained Hentai voicing in one of the episodes of trash taste podcast.


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Can a mangaka continue another mangaka's manga?
There are plenty of manga that never had an ending for many reasons. For example, High School of the Dead's mangaka, Daisuke Satou, has passed away. Some mangaka also cannot continue their work because of health problems, as well as other reasons. Say the original mangaka either prepared or did not prepare an ending himself/herself, can another mangaka continue their work? Has this ever happened before?

Things to consider: there's gotta be an element of professional pride, fans rejecting another author's take on their beloved work, intellectual property rights need to be managed somehow, it would be basically headcanon by a fan (albeit a huge one and a pro mangaka at that).

Yes, it can. It is usually up to the publisher if they want to pursue continuing a series, depending on who owns the rights (family member tend to have a say in it as well).
Note that for HotD, the plot creator was known to be a slow writer to begin with (2 years between vol. 6 and 7), and the manga was on hiatus for quite a while before his death (2011). While his death was the nail in the coffin, I don't think anyone really expected the series to ever be completed. The artist moved on to create Triage X, which basically was written as a replacement for HotD.
Below are some examples (though I'm sure there are more).

Cases where the author died, and his team took over:
Crayon Shin-chan
Cases when the author changed, even when the previous is still alive (though it is technically a new series or spin-off):
Lupin the 3rd
Saint Seiya
Cases where the artist died, but the original author was still alive:
Catapillar (They replaced the artist with another one)
Cases where they had someone else fill in for the dead author:
Familiar of Zero

Yes, it's possible but isn't easy...

If the first mangaka is still alive.

Then he/she needs to find someone willing to finish his/her manga, also the publisher needs to agree as well. Then it's possible.

If the first mangaka is no longer alive.

Then all the people who hold the rights to the manga (family, publishers) need to agree to let another mangaka finish the first ones work. But I don't know of any examples where the second mangaka agreed to finish the firsts manga without a manuscript or knowledge of how the story was supposed to continue.
Reference:

https://godanimereviews.com/mangaka-unable-continue-manga/


text:
How do you read a manga when a big section is adjacent to several small ones?
Like this

Also, if this big section had small sections at both sides instead of one, how would you read it then? Or what if the big section was on the right side?

A lot of times, if you're unsure how to follow the panels (which often means the artist wasn't very good, but that's a separate problem), you can try following the flow of dialogue. In the given example, it's fairly clear that "Over here!" is meant to follow "Hey, Chouchou!", and then it follows that you should read top to bottom, right to left. (If you can't do this, it usually means the writer wasn't very good, but that's a separate problem.)

Well..you can actually also say "Over here!!" first to attract attention and then say "Hey chouchou!!" but I get the idea :D

Manga are usually published in the same style as historical texts/long novels for Japanese and Chinese readers (I am a Chinese but ya, most of our readings nowadays are from left to right). For that reason, the flow of the structure is always from top to bottom, right to left. In the case where the page is split into 2 sections by an invisible (horizontal) line in the middle, It is always read from top to bottom of the upper section, then followed by top to bottom of the lower section.

Of course, some manga use slanted lines to guide the reader on which boxes to read next  :)


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Didn't Supreme Kai know Beerus in the early episodes?
In the current episodes of Dragon Ball Super Supreme Kai seems to know Beerus well because they are connected and share the same life force so, if one dies, the other does as well. However, in the early episodes of Dragon Ball Super Supreme Kai seems to know little to nothing about Beerus, and the elder Kai has to explain who he is. Is this a plothole or am I misunderstanding the situation in this episode?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oRWC1DsdQ8A

Because Kibito Kai is naive about the universe.

I think the explanation here is much simpler and Toriyama did not plan that much ahead (well at least it seems he did not develop a detailed story line). The manga is behind the anime storywise, and the anime writters seem to recieve just a general plot line (like characters and settings) but the interractions and story development is up to them to decide on it. That is why there are also so many differences between the manga and the anime, and that would also explain why at this moment the supreme kai knew so little about Beerus.

He did say in the video that he knew who Beerus was though. It wasn't Beerus that surprised him, but the the reaction of the elder Kai. He didn't expect the elder Kai to be that afraid as he had never seen the elder Kai that afraid before (as said in the footage provided by the person that asked the question).

That is partialy true becuse he asked himself is Beerus really that good? That implies that he did not know much about him, because the he should have been aware of his strength and destructive nature.

In the video, Kibito Kai clearly says that he is aware of who Lord Beerus is, when elder kai begins explaining it to him. But yes, he does seem to be naive about Lord Beerus' actions and nature.
Kibito's surprised emotion wasn't based on Lord Beerus his existence and role/power, but on the response and emotions that the elder Kai showed as he had never seen him "that afraid" before.
But then again, Kibito Kai has always been naive about many things since the time he was introduced in Majin Buu saga.


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Could dragon balls bring the universes back?
In Dragon Ball Super, a giant tournament between the most powerful fighters of eight different universes is currently happening. The seven universes to lose will be erased by the God of all universes.
If that happens, could dragonballs possibly save the erased universes ?

The super dragon balls might be able to save the universe. But considering that it will go against the wishes of Zen-chan, I doubt it will ever happen, unless you imply that the dragon isn't afraid of him, which is very unlikely.

Spoiler: ʞɔɐq ɯǝɥʇ ƃuıɹq pıp ʎǝɥʇ

The universal super dragon balls can revive the universes yes. As it was said during their first encounter that this Shenron was powerfull enough to grant "any" wish.
However I doubt that the Super Shenron would go against Zen-oh as he would be at the risk of being erased. This is my personal thought, but based on the fear of the earth Shenron towards Beerus I can asume that Omega Shenron has the same fear towards Zen-oh. Due to this he most likely would refuse to grant the wish.

Calling it now: Goku loves Battle and loves fighting the guys from other Universes, therefore his wish will be to bring the other Universes into Universe 7. That way he gets strong people to fight whenever he wants, and the Saiyans in Universe 7 get a chance to meet others of their race. This also saves the lives of all the people in other Universes and creates a much stronger team for if Universe 7 is forced into fighting the strong Universes that didn't have to fight in the current Battle Royale.

Sounds rather interesting but I think if Goku were granted any wish after they've won the tournament I think it would be revival of the destroyed universes. This will probably result in all universes being restored, including the ones that were destroyed before the tournament took place. This will probably bring us some new refreshing villians to look forward to. That is IF Goku and his team will be granted the ability to wish. As far as I know the reward for the victor of this tournament is a "mere" survival as they were supposed to be erased.

the problem with that idea is that Zen-Oh is getting rid of these Universes for a reason - he was initially going to get rid of all of them until persuaded to have the tournament. Rather than use the dragonballs, I think Goku'd have more chance of just straight up convincing Zen-Oh to do that.


text:
Is there a local folktale regarding underwater palace and tamate box in Japan?
I first heard about tamate box, Otohime princess and the underwater palace in One piece but episode 9 of Kaichou wa Maid Sama also contains very similar references such as the contents of the tamate box make you old, Otohime princess etc. So I want to know if there exists a local tale or is it just KMS making a reference to One Piece.

This is the story of Urashima Taro. It's a famous old Japanese folktale from the Nara period about a man who saves the Emperor of the Sea's daughter, Otohime. He is invited to live in the underwater palace with them. He stays for three days but wants to go visit his mother. He is given a box by the princess before he leaves, and when he returns to the surface he finds that it's 300 years later and everyone he knew is dead. Distraught, he absently opens the box and ages all 300 years at once, because the box contained his old age.


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Can a mangekyou sharingan user awake Eternel Mangekyou, by only transplanting a pair of Normal Sharingans, or does it need a pair of MS?
I know they can restore their eyesight by transplanting any kind of Sharingan, but can they also activate EMS from only normal sharingans? (not MS)

No, they cannot. It is in the manga and in the wikia.

...usage of the Mangekyō Sharingan's abilities can cause a great strain on the user...it can cause considerable damage to their being, leaving the body in agonising pain and causing deterioration to their vision until eventually over-usage leaves them blind. Their vision can be restored by transplanting the Mangekyō Sharingan of an Uchiha with strong blood ties — ideally a sibling — thus awakening the so-called Eternal Mangekyō Sharingan

As far as I know, there have been no cases where Eternal Mangekyo Sharingan awakened simply by transplanting 'normal' Sharingan eyes unto a Mangekyo Sharingan user.

But, can an uchiha awaken MS again on a normal omplented sharingan ? :D


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Who is Itou Makoto (producer) and how is he related to the character with the same name?
Itou Makoto (伊藤 誠) is a main character from 2005 0verflow's eroge School Days that later (2007) got an anime adaptation. However, the protagonist name appears as an actual staff member in the credits of the anime as of Anime News Network, credited in other more recent works too.
Who really is Itou Makoto? Was the character named after a real person or the name of the character used as a pen/collective name?

As far as I can tell, this is just a coincidence. This producer wasn't part of the original School Days visual novel production team, and he worked on anime before the School Days anime or VN (the earliest apparently being Meine Liebe (2004)). The School Days VN came out in 2005, which seems to rule out it being a pen name chosen because of the character. He made a brief joke on the 39th episode of the radio show "Radio School Days" regarding their names which seems to confirm that they aren't related.
According to School Days Wiki, the basis for (the fictional character) Makoto's name is actually from Itou Hirobumi, who was prime minister of the Japanese empire for four terms.
As a note, Itou Makoto (written as 伊藤 誠) isn't an uncommon name. Itou is the 6th most common surname, and Makoto is the 18th most common given name (these figures may change somewhat depending on the source, time period, etc. but are just meant as demonstrations of commonality). This Wikipedia disambiguation page lists 6 real people with that name. While it's still a pretty big coincidence that a producer would end up having the same name as a character, it's not unbelievable.
Source (for everything unsourced above): jp.wikipedia article

Very well made answer! I'm interested in the radio show you're talking about. Is a transcript or audio sample available for reference?

@chirale I added a link to nicovideo with the episode of the radio show above. Itou Makoto shows up at around 8:30. I don't know of any English translation of it, nor could I find the video on YouTube.

A very complete answer, thank you Logan. I will try to get a transcript of the show.


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Are MAD and AMV synonyms for Anime Music Video?
On youtube and elsewhere it's frequent to find "MAD" video, a sort of Anime Music Video (AMV) composed by anime sequences on a music track. Are MAD and AMV synonyms? If not, how these differ from each other and what MAD means?

MAD are probably refer to a broader classification of AMV from Japan.
According to the Nico Nico Pedia:
MAD refers to video and/or audio created by editing and rearranging existing video or audio, to give it new meaning. Basically, they are derivative, fan creations.
The name is probably derived from "MAD Tapes" from the 80s-90s which was the fad in which people uses cassette tapes and mess around with the audio. The acronym for MAD predates the popular usage of the term "anime."
MAD can be used to describe the the Japanese underground media community. However, MADs can be mush-ups of anything from audio clips, edited pictures, to wholly originally created content (e.g. custom animation). While not all MADs are associated anime or manga, most of the more popular ones typically are.
AMVs on the other hand typically describe the American media subculture of editing bits of anime with music, though similar in content the scope tends to differ.
Lets compare this AMV: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v9dHD1JvUXo
to this MAD: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XRHItX-zQCo
The MAD mashes up a lot more custom together compared to the clips in the AMV.

Just want to note that there are MADs that aren't set up like a music video at all and are therefore even less similar to AMVs. Sometimes they involve replacing a character's line with another line - anything ranging from the same character's line from a different scene to an unrelated live action movie's line.

I think MAD and AMV is one. MAD is shorted for "music anime douga", similar to "anime music video" aka AMV. There's lots of pages saying that these two are actually one kind of fan-made video, too.


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Did the Hachibi lose a tooth in Chapter 654?
Did the Hachibi lose a tooth in Chapter 654?

It is better to avoid adjectives like latest and recent, since these will become obsolete in a week's time. :-)

Hachibi actually lost that tooth earlier in the battle against the Juubi. (Chapter 615)
At that time, Bee launched himself at the Juubi in his Hachibi form, and aimed a Bijuu Dama (Tailed Beast Bomb) at the Juubi's mouth. He exploded the Bijuu Dama inside the Juubi's mouth causing it great pain, but the Hachibi also took some damage, losing a tooth and yet another horn.

Hachibi about to attack the Juubi, still has its tooth intact

Hachibi enters the Juubi's mouth with a Bijuu Dama

Hachibi has lost a tooth and a horn after the attack

You must have done hell lot of research for that!
Nice work! :)

Well, yeah, to some extent. I noticed the 2nd horn missing a few chapters ago (1st one was sliced off by the Raikage earlier in flashback times ;-) ), then guessed that he might have also lost the tooth with the horn. So backtracked to find out where exactly he lost the horn and tooth.


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Why was the Sharingan's genjutsu ability not used much in the 4th Ninja War?
Until the 4th ninja war, a Mangekyou Sharingan user had been showcased as a formidable enemy, with Genjutsu being one of their many powerful techniques. Itachi was adept with Tsukuyomi. Sasuke suppressed the Nine Tails' power with his Sharingan when Naruto faced him in Orochimaru's hideout.
It would be fair to consider that both Tobi and Madara are equally adept, if not better, with the Genjutsu abilities of the Mangekyou Sharingan. However, in the 4th Ninja War, they do not use Genjutsu much.
It could be argued that a Sharingan user may be able to cancel out Sharingan's Genjutsu, but Genjutsu could still be effective against a non-Sharingan user, such as Naruto or Bee.
Tobi could easily put them under Genjutsu and take over their tailed beasts, but he has not done it. He did not use it on Guy either when they fought.
Is there a reason why the Sharigan users did not use Genjutsu in the 4th Ninja War?

Pretty good question!
I cannot think of any answer.
I guess this question should reach kishimoto

Your question is a bit confusing. You are using genjutsu and sharingan interchangeably. That is not the case. Obito and Madara have used sharingan fairly well, it is only the genjutsu they haven't used much.

I agree with Happy. This can be opinion-based and would lack substancial proof.

Also, shouldn't a spoiler alert thingy be put up in this question, as according to anime, they still haven't revealed that the masked man is Obito Uchiha.

@R.J not sure how to do that, please could someone do it.. :)

Unfortunately, even I'm new to the anime site and have no clue about it. I just felt that it must be there. Must be a experienced user like @Happy or a Mod like Krazer can help you out with it.

@debal @R.J For a spoiler block, you just need to start the line with >!. For this question though, it is not strictly necessary. It is usually best to use spoiler blocks only if it is unavoidable.

Using genjutsu on an enemy is futile, if they have allies nearby, who can infuse chakra to take them out of it. Genjutsu would not work on Bee, since his bijuu Gyuki would easily bring him out of it, as he did when Bee was momentarily trapped in Sasuke's genjutsu.
If Tobi were to use it on Naruto, Bee would easily bring him out of it. Moreover, during the Kazekage Rescue arc, Naruto already demonstrated that he knows how to cancel genjutsu (although it didn't work). Now he was much stronger, having learned Sage Mode and Bijuu Mode. In short, the chances of a Genjutsu on Naruto succeeding are very small.
Moreover, Tobi now had a Rinnegan, which he considered much more powerful, and wanted to try it out in battle, which he did with the so-called "Jinchuriki of Six Paths" technique.
As for Madara, his reincarnation did not go according to his plan. He wasn't meant to capture the tailed beasts, but even if he did, he did not have the Gedo Mazo to seal them in.
Further, ever since he had been reincarnated, Madara has spent more time showing off his powers, and complaining that the current generation of ninja is so weak compared to Hashirama and him than actually fighting. Casting a Genjutsu on "weak" ninja is probably not as satisfying for his pride as dropping meteors, using Mokuton techniques, Susanoo, and the like. :)

If you look at the wiki on how to combat a genjutsu, you can see the very first method which explains it:

The ninja needs to stop the flow of chakra in their body, and then
  apply an even stronger power to disrupt the flow of the caster's
  chakra; this is called Genjutsu Dissipation (幻術解, Genjutsu Kai). This
  can also be done by an unaffected ninja by applying a sudden surge of
  chakra into the affected person. In addition, tailed beasts can
  break their jinchūriki out of genjutsu in a similar fashion if they
  have a good enough cooperation, as seen in Killer B's case.

If you look at the bold part of it, you get your answer. Bee's relation with the Eight Tails is very good and thus, the Eight Tails will help him out anyways. In case of Naruto, we've seen the recent episodes, that he's formed a bond with Naruto and even otherwise, Kurama would have helped him out (like so many times before, as always).
As far as Kakashi is concerned, he's a highly skilled shinobi, with a Sharingan (and he has even activated the Mangekyo Sharingan), which, as you mentioned in your question, may cancel out each other. As for Guy is concerned, since another person can inject a chakra flow in your body to break the genjutsu, Kakashi could have helped out Guy in that case.

added the part about kakashi and guy which i had previously missed. That part remains unexplained

Edited the answer accordingly.

That didn't stop Itachi from using the Izanagni on him, and kakashi was even affected by the jutsu. Also, when Itachi met Naruto (when he was en route to save Gara) itachi put naruto into a genjutsu, and naruto had the kyubii and associates to help him out. What I'm trying to say is without trying out how can they decide that it is not going to work...

Um, when did Itachi use Izanagi on Kakashi? I don't think I understood your statement.

srry, that was supposed to be Tsukuyomi and not izanagi... :)

oh, I see. Anyway, you do not always need to try a technique to know if it will work. Moreover, just because someone has a genjutsu (or even it is their strongest technique), doesn't mean they should always use it. The best technique depends on the situation. At a point during Naruto's fight with Gaara, and later with Pain, an E-rank Henge no jutsu was more effective than his other more powerful techniques.

The argument of why Genjutsu was not used on Guy is an easy one to talk about. In short, guy was the perfect fighter against Genjutsu. He did not look at his enemies eyes nor hands while he fought, the two ways to activate the Genjutsu. He was arguably the most perfect fighter against the Uchiha.
Naruto never once tries to evade Genjutsu and as he advances and builds a stronger relationship with his tailed beast, he doesn't have to. Plus, he was considerable chakra levels possibly surpassing all shinobi so canceling it becomes easier for him.
Kakashi to be such a formidable user of the sharigan has proven to be the worst to stop it taking it head on. Obviously they do cancel each other out but one eye does not cancel two.
This part is totally my opinion, but I do believe a Genjutsu takes a lot of effort. It is almost like a ceremony where the caster has to be extremely focussed. It's probably impossible to fight a fight while also keeping a person under your spell. Genjutsu is a good one on one tactic possibly one on two. But it's probably not best for more.

Well casting a genjutsu does depend on the ability of the enemy, if you recall Raikage was under a genjutsu when he fought Madara. But genjutsu against the likes of Madara and other Kage's would be futile. They are just too strong for anyone to cast a genjutsu on them.
The level of the fights was high that's why even Itachi never used his Genjutsu yet he had to use Izanagi. One can get the idea why Genjutsu wasn't an option in this battle royal.


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Why does Tobi have a Sharingan with Kamui ability after having used Izanagi?
As per my understanding, Izanagi permanently blinds the Sharingan's vision once used. Tobi (Obito) donated one eye to Kakashi, and used Izanagi with the other eye to escape from Konan's paper bombs. This means he should only have a Rinnegan now, but why does he still have a Sharingan with Kamui ability?
Note: I do not read manga.

If you do not read the manga, you wouldn't have known that Tobi is Obito. The identity of the Masked Man has not been revealed as of today in the anime. ;-)

@Happy You caught me.. As i said, I never followed manga but, i read most of the stories about clans in narutopedia. Izanagi story reveals that tobi is obito :) http://naruto.wikia.com/wiki/Izanagi

It is not that Izanagi can only be used by one who has the power of Uchiha and Senju, but it can only be used to its full potential if you have the power of Uchiha and Senju.

Tobi assisted Itachi in the Uchiha clan massacre, and collected several Sharingan eyes of the dead Uchiha clan members. He must have implanted one of these Sharingan eyes in his left eye socket.
During the battle with Konan, he has two Sharingan eyes. He did not use his original right eye for the Izanagi, but the left eye, which can be seen "losing its light" (closing) as he is talking to Konan. See images below (taken from Chapter 510).

where was it mentioned that tobi helped itachi in his clan massacre.??

@Happy Sorry, but I have to disagree with your answer.
Izanagi is an ability that will blind the caster.
However, those who posses the senju DNA can cast is again and again and again.
Source: When danzo was fighting sasuke, he used Izanagi. The eyes in his arm were shutting down one by one.
Yes those eyes were getting blinded, but not permanently.
If you posses the senju DNA you would be able to reuse Izanagi within a day time, i.e. the sharingan eyes will open again in a day time.
I am not confusing with the koto amatsukami.
I guess that partly answers your question.

It was pretty explicitly said that eyes used for Izanagi lose their eyesight permanently. What are you basing your answer on?

Tobi has a laboratory containing collection of sharingans, hence he could have implanted sharingan of someone else to himself.

I don't read manga, but here is my theory.
We know, as mentioned above, that Tobi/Obito didn't use his original sharingan for Izanagi but instead he used the Sharingan of the left eye. This may have been the Sharingan of Shisui.
I conclude this, because after Saskuke defeted Danzo, Tobi used Kamui and kept Danzo's body with him, saying he has something to do with.