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Why did Kirito's coat change during Christmas?
In Episode 2 of Sword Art Online, Kirito obtains the Coat of Midnight having obtained the Last Attack Bonus. This would be a rare item, if not unique, because it was dropped by a Floor Boss.
In Episode 3 after Sachi dies, during Christmas Kirito plans to solo the event to get the rumored resurrection item to bring Sachi back to life. While he is preparing he changes his coat to one that seems warmer.
I am wondering - can armor be customized for different climates or did Kirito get a second Coat of Midnight and if so where?

The anime jumps around in terms of chronology. Episode 2 happened on December 2, 2022. Episode 3 happen on April 8, 2023. Since so much time has passed it makes sense that Kirito got new equipment/gear/lvls.

The layout of the anime is extremely non-linear, and in one episode, the whole storyline jumps 2 years into the future. This was intentional by the producers (obviously), but it does make it very hard to follow. There are always enough subtle references made by the characters in order for us to work out the timeframe of the episode.

Considering that Kirito maintains the same attire throughout the entire show, even when he joins the guild, Knights of the Blood Oath, we can see that Kirito keeps similar or the same armor/armor set. If this is the case, we can infer that he keeps upgrading Cloak of Midnight and is altering it's visuals to fit his current situation.
So the fact that it looks different on Christmas is most likely to keep him warm during this season.

It is believed that The Coat of Midnight was the first coat he got, from the first floor boss, and had a couple coats afterwards (Probably the weird polka-dot one and the winter one.) before he got The Blackwyrm Coat, which is presumably another Boss Drop from a higher floor, or perhaps a player made one, we do not know which.
References, the whole first season and second season, however if it was said in some sort of developer commentary I would not know.

In some sense the coat is maybe telling that the time is now Christmas. In game aspect, maybe a limited time item with a strong buff or it is the mission requirement to get the resurrect item with that coat. Moreover just like Dasttann777 said it is not linear and the timeline is somewhat empty after the first floor until he met with Sachi.

From what I understand, he changed to the Blackwyrm coat (the one that was black) because the Coat of Midnight was too recognizable and, having announced he was a Beta tester, he marked himself as a target, and the Coat of Midnight became associated with "the Floor 1 Beater." (cheater/Beta tester). When it became a nuisance, he changed it.

Actually Kirito received 3 coats before receiving the Coat of Midnight. It was his 4th coat received after defeating the first floor boss, and yeah Coat of Midnight's also named as Blackwyrm Coat and made by Ashley. In between the 2 years gap, he may have received some coats or purchased them from virtual shops.


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What series is this depiction of Araragi Karen referring to?
In episode 8 of Nisemonogatari, we briefly see Araragi Karen drawn like this:

This looked a lot like some anime (or possibly a character from an anime or manga) I'd seen within the last ten years or so while in Asia, so I have the feeling this drawing style was supposed to allude to something. (Possibly Dr. Slump? I'm not sure since I don't think I ever saw the anime, and I could easily have mixed it up with something else.)
That said, this also looks "generic" enough that's possible that this is only a shift in drawing style. But then right before this image, there's a drawing of Karen that looked  like (to me anyway: I have a feeling I'm wrong about this) an imitation of the titular character of Chibi Maruko-chan, so I'm not sure:

Moreover, I remember seeing something that looked very much like a parody of Peko-chan in an earlier episode, though unfortunately I don't remember which one it was:

Is this (the first image, I mean) supposed to be an allusion to some other anime series, and if so, what is it referring to?

I'm not sure if this is 100% correct, but when I saw it, I presumed it was a reference to Dragonball and Akira Toriyama's early art style.

In particular, It reminded me of Krillin who is frequently drawn without a nose.

I can't seem to find a perfect example on Google, but I remember this style often in the original series. One point to note though is that the lines around the eyes don't go around fully.
I haven't seen Dr. slump, but as it's the same authour it makes sense you drew these parallels too.

Many of the slapstick moments in the Monogatari Series are depicted in a way that closely resembles the art style of Doraemon. In fact, I vaguely remember a scene where the protagonist of the Monogatari Series, Koyomi Araragi, complains about too many Doraemon references.
The whole Doraemon series is very extensive with a myriad of movies and specials and not to mention the second season which sports a whopping 1787 episodes.

I've definitely seen shots that were very reminescent of Doraemon---there was one instance in one of the early segments of the series where one of the Araragi sisters was drawn like Suneo---but I'm not sure here of whether the resemblance is strong enough.

source: Stack Exchange

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How did the society where the story of Shin Sekai Yori takes place come to be?
How did the society where the story of Shin Sekai Yori takes place come to be? i.e. How did Saki's Society came to existence from the societies of the Dark age?
I am curious about how Saki's society came to be because, in her society, there is knowledge about science (implied from their knowledge about genes). However, part of it is also mixed with aspects of less modern societies, which makes me want to know how these different aspects came about, from previous societies during the Dark age.
Furthermore, there are these "creatures" called false Minoshiro which seem to be some kind of very advanced bio-technology, which suggest very advanced technology (but their society doesn't really live that way). With these different aspects of ancient Japanese societies and much newer societies, how did Saki's society came to existence? Why does it have this mix of modern technology and more ancient aspects? What happened to the previous Dynasties during the dark age? Did they combine/converge to form the modern society which Saki lives at? From which dynasty from the Dark age did they come from and what do we know that explains their present society?
As a refresher, here are some of the dynasties from the dark age:

1st, Slave Dynasties, Where PK users controlled those without PK capabilities.
2nd, non-PK users who escaped the Dynasties and lived as hunter-gatherers.
3rd, Bandits who used PK to attack other settlements.
4th, a group of those who managed to preserve some remnants of the technological age.

It's a common trope used in fiction. As for how it came to be? I guess given enough time anything can happen.

It's actually explained a bit at one point, though I can't remember the episode exactly.
Essentially, humanity got really violent and started destroying each other, probably via nuclear warfare or maybe previous people with supernatural powers. Shin Sekai Yori takes place on one of the remaining human colonies, where the elders are the only ones that know of the leftover science, knowledge from the previous era.
This explains why they're super paranoid about these kids with powers, because they're afraid that everyone will get destroyed again.

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Where can I watch the Shuuen no Shiori (Bookmark of Demise) music videos?
Preferably with English Subs. The YouTube videos either don't have the audio due to copyright or don't have English Subs.  I bumped into the project randomly and wanted to listen to the songs and watch the videos but only YouTube video show up on Google.

I'm not sure where you'll find a version with English subs (there aren't any "official" subs, at minimum), but you can find the ones that have music videos on 150P's Niconico account.

Kodoku no Kakurenbo (alternate)
Nisemono Chuuihou (alternate)
Kanzen Hanzai Love Letter (alternate)
Saru Mane Isutori Game (alternate)
Arikitari Heroes (alternate)
Makeinu Shijou Shugi (alternate)
Shuuen no Shiori (alternate)

If you don't have an account on Niconico and don't want to make one, use the alternate links instead. No guarantees that those links won't crap out at some point, though.


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How closely does the Initial D anime follow the manga?
I have been watching the Initial D anime, but still haven't read the manga. How far does the anime cover, in respect to the manga? Are there any manga or anime exclusive content?

Altough the series stays pretty loyal to the story as told in the manga, there are a few exceptions. But these don't influence the story that much. One of the biggest factors affecting this is that a lot of the story in the manga got cut out.

We Initial D fans love those little details. It's a shame they had to cut out so much in order to fit one race in each episode. Watching Fifth Stage almost feels like watching an extended version of Battle Stage... And for that reason, it's strongly recommended to read the manga after watching the anime. That way, you don't miss all the details from the original storyline. - ID fan forum

As to where to how much it covers, Fifth Stage episode 4 ends at Chapter 499. (I stopped reading at chapter 501, so I ain't too sure how far the rest of this season covers.) I do know that the new season Initial D final stage will cover the left-over chapters, making this series fully covered by the anime.
With this said, there is a ton of manga-exclusive content: like I said, a lot has been cut-out in the anime. There is also some unique anime content (fillers) in the series. A few I remember would be Initial D Episode's 13, 22, and 23.
There might be some more but I couldn't find a source to confirm this.

I made some edits for grammar -- on the off-chance I'm changed the meaning of something (I'm slightly unsure about one change I made), my apologies, and do make any appropriate changes.

In the manga that was translated by Tokyo Pop, Itsuki did not crash by Shingo but after Takumi drove Iketani's S13 Shingo challenge Takumi to a Gum tape death match all at the same night in the manga.

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Why can Ryoma beat adults in the US tournaments but have trouble with high schoolers?
If Ryoma's skills allowed him to go to the US, why did he lose against high schoolers who haven't even gone to the US in New Prince of Tennis?

This seems to be opinion-based.

Are we sure this can't be answered possibly from canon possibly?

Well the anime (don't know if canon) also implies many Japanese high schoolers are on par with US Open Juniors which is a world wide competition.

If I absolutely had to post an answer, it would be: "Because Tennis is not rocket science".


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How does one become a Wizard Saint?
Being a Wizard Saint means that you not only hold great power, but are also highly respected and well known, like Makarov. Also you get a cool looking badge too as seen below:

But what factors does the chairman of the magic council take into account when deciding whether one is "worthy" to become part of the Ten Wizard Saints?

I made some very small revisions for grammar, but I'm not completely sure if my change to the bit about Makarov was appropriate - feel free to edit that back if necessary.

As far as we know it's not (or not necessarily) the chairman of the Magic Council who decides who becomes a Wizard Saint. In Erza's vision about her funeral it was stated that the vote of the entire council decided that she should be a Wizard Saint. Later Jura also states that it is the Council who appoints the members.
With that in mind, I'm pretty sure that the Council takes whatever factors they want to take into consideration when pointing out Wizard Saints. Which means there is not a single score sheet, and if you score 5 points in magical power and 4 points in teamwork then you can become a Wizard Saint.
Strength however is one factor that they definitely consider, but that' not an ultimate factor for the decision as Jellal, for example, being a Wizard Saint was defeated by Natsu and that didn't make Natsu a Wizard Saint.

I'm up to date on Fairy Tail. But my memory doesn't work as strong on it like other animes. Do you have a source or situation for Erza's vision? I'm just curious.

http://fairytail.wikia.com/wiki/Episode_41

@ytg I am pretty sure that Erza's version was made by the first batch of Magic Council's and Jura's version was made by the second batch of Magic Council's . If memory serves me right, Erza's version was before the Jellal incident and Jura's was after

@xwillflame Erza's vision was at the end of the Tower of Paradise arc. But it was a vision so it was probably based on the past. And it was definitely the old council in the vision. And I'm not sure if Jura wasn't already a Wizard Saint by then. But in any case... Jura's statement aligns with Erza's vision so it must be true. As far as we can know.

Makarov was defeated by Purehito who was no wizard saint. IMO, wizard saints are madoushi who have at one time, done something worthy of note for the good of the mage universe.
Strength definitely does go a long way in determining the Wizard Saints.

Power is definitely a factor. But other than that, other factors might come into play. Here's what I am guessing.
Factors:

Power (obviously)
Magical knowledge
Magical exploits (ie. if you have saved many lives or led a great journey)
Deeds that benefited mankind (for instance, Warrod has used his magic to stop the desertification)
How well known you are, etc.

But the ranking among the Wizard Saints is also not important. For instance, Jura is currently the 5th Wizard Saint and there is no way he is more powerful than Makarov.
And yes, Natsu defeated Jellal. But you have to consider that Jellal was:
A) weakened by the fact he had recently recovered his full power because he had been using a thought projection for years and
B) Natsu was in Dragon Force as well as fueled by Etherion.
In reality, Jellal is among the most powerful of Wizard Saints, for he was a member of the 10 Wizard Saints at a fraction of his power because it took most of his power to simply maintain the thought projection. He was also a prodigy as a child, to the point that as a child he blew up a small mountain with a wave of his hand while using self-destruction magic.
All in all, power is a major factor.
Also, with the recent exploits of Natsu (the avatar fight specifically Ikusa Tsunagi fight) should land him on the wizard saints.


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What anime or manga is this pink-haired girl in an athletic outfit from?

I need help finding who this character is, and what anime or manga she is from. It came from a Burger King kids meal around 7 years ago.

It's looks like Mariah Wong from Beyblade
(金李, Japanese: Chou Mao, Chinese Pinyin: Wīng Maou)

@kawaiipugachan The pleasure is my, friend.
And welcome to Anime & Manga.
If you find this answer satisfying, Please choose it as the right answer


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What happens if a contestant's phone turns off?
I was rewatching Mirai Nikki and saw Episode 15, and it got me thinking. Is it a requirement for your phone to be always on?
We already know that 'Future Diaries' are, in other words, your future. So if the phone breaks you have no future which means in short that you die.
So my question is: what happens for example if you decide to put your phone into shutdown mode? Do you still die?
Also how exactly are their phones powered? PS: Magic does not count.
I will accept Manga answers as I do not think it was explained in the anime. Also I have not read the manga so I am not sure. I will also accept answers with a bit of opinion as long as it is a good answer with some sort of canon. :)

Maybe it isn't possible to turn it off because it is powered with the force of the big Deus Ex Machina :o

The phone is your life, you break it you die.
You lose it, you better find it.
I watched that whole anime relatively recently and I never saw any mention of chargers or battery life.
My guess is that since it is direcrlt tied to your life force it never turns off unless you die.

I don't think the requirement is strictly for the phone to always be on but rather that it shouldn't get damaged. The phone is meant to be a reflection of the user, like a piece of their soul. So if it's damaged, the user is also affected. It probably doesn't hurt to just casually turn it off since it doesn't harm the phone. Although, it would be a BIG disadvantage, lol! I would guess the power would work the same too.


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Who are the three Homunculi that are with Irisviel and Saber?
In Fate/Zero, when Irisviel and Saber arrive in Fuyuki in episode 3 they are accompanied by three Homunculi maids.
One of the three had slightly curvy hair coming from her hood which makes be think it was Leysritt and I assume where she is, Sella would be close by.
I am looking for confirmation of who these three Homunculi Maids are. If two of them are Leysritt and Sella, what happened to the third that prevents her from serving Ilya?

It's about halfway through episode 3, actually. In the LN (volume 1, act 3, -162:27:03; p. 246 of the 4-vol edition), it only mentions there being two maids. No idea why there are three in the anime. I don't recall the maids being named at any point in the LN, but I'm pretty sure the implication is that they're supposed to be Sella and Leysritt.

@senshin i got confused on the episode since episode 1 was so long. at first we see only 2 at the baggage claim however when Saber is talking to Irisviel about her appearance there is a third maid with the group (i think the first time is when their on the escalator)

@Memor-X a screenshot would probably help a lot

This only partially answers the question. However, in both of their Wikia pages, under Appearance it states that Leysritt and Sella are in fact 2 years old.

Despite her appearance, she is only about two years old.

Sources: Leysritt/Sella - Appearance *exact same wording on both pages
Given there is no mention on either of their pages, of them being in Fate/Zero I would assume this would be referring to their appearance in Fate/Stay Night which would make it impossible for them to have appeared in Fate/Zero which is set 10 years prior to Fate/Stay Night.


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What is the reference in the scene where the husband says "I don't mind at all"?
In episode 8, there was a scene of the husband saying "I don't mind at all" at the begining of the episode, with a deep voice and muscular face.

What is the reference in this scene?

It happens again about halfway through the episode, when Kaoru says they should play a game, and the husband replies "Me too" with that same face.

By searching for the phrase that the husband is saying 私【わたし｝は一向{いっこう】に構｛かま｝わん. This image turns up in the search:

From http://diarynote.jp/data/blogs/l/20081228/75450_200812280302078062_1.jpg
The striking resemblance in the style of jaw muscles is enough to confirm the reference.
These entries on Japanese Wikipedia article and Nico Nico Pedia confirms that he is Retsu Kaioh （烈海王） from Baki the Grappler （グラップラー刃牙）.
Regarding his habit of saying "I don't mind at all!" (わたしは一向にかまわんッッ), from the Japanese Wikipedia article:

劇中の登場人物の中でも、自己鍛錬や強敵との戦いに対する執念の度合いは屈指のレベルを有し、傍目には無謀な挑戦を持ちかけられても「わたしは一向に構わん」と返答するのが口癖と化しているが、これは彼自身の性格や性情のみならず、まだ「海王」の称号を頂く以前に起こった出来事にも起因している節がある。

Rough translation:

Even among the characters in the story, he possesses an extreme obsession for self-training and fighting against formidable opponent. Although it has become a habit for him to recklessly reply with "I don't mind at all" when approached with a challenge, objectively speaking, this does not only comes from his own personality and nature, but also comes from a principle he started before he got his Kaioh (海王 Sea King) title.


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What was Eren's vision about?
I can't believe I missed this three times. I went back to the beginning of AoT in episode 1 and noticed these scenes that occurred at the beginning of the episode. Eren is having some type of daydream or nightmare before waking suddenly with Mikasa leaning over him. Here are the still shots of it.

What exactly were these visions? Were they some type of compressed/hidden memories? What was the farm house we saw? I am also pretty sure this wasn't in the anime but manga answers are welcome also. ;)
Note: I couldn't find a video link to give but there is a animated GIF version of it that I made here. Also helpful but it is quite easy to see the scene if you want to since it occurs straight after the opening of AoT in episode 1.

Maybe just foreshadowing? After all, Eren's also been taught about the destruction the Titans have caused. (But idk, I haven't read the manga and I feel like there might be some significant stuff there.)

GIF version is no longer available.

In first episode Eren also sees the Colossal Titan  in his dream before it appears. He may have the ability to see the feature

I agree with @Maroon. It's basically just a foreshadowing dream/bad feeling he had which combined his existing knowledge with his aspirations/dreams.
However he does have legitimate flashbacks/dreams he doesn't know anything about later in the show/manga and discovering what it all means is part of the plot. He also keeps dreaming about a "female" he doesn't know.  His memory is hazy, and there are

 the lost 3 years when his father experimented on him

which I feel they will reveal over time. He also probably has memories/dream issues associated with

 being the controller

though it wasn't revealed if he became that

 during the 3 year break or was like that before,

which could impact whether his dreams were induced by or related to it.

This answer contains spoilers.
Please do not read if you are not up to date with the manga (chapter 89 is where this answer is based upon).
This question is strongly related with the title of the first chapter/episode: "To you, 2000 years from now". Check this related post on Anime StackExchange, which I answered similarly.
TL;DR

 Eren's reality, is sometimes distorted by the memories of the future and past inheritors of the 'Attack Titan' power.

Also keep in mind that there is no official answer, thus the correct answer (for now) would be "We don't know".
However, after discussing on some forums and reading some theories, some hints provide a common direction.

 As we know, Eren obtained the power of the Attack Titan with the Coordinate Titan (also known as the Progenitor Titan) from his father, Grisha Jaeger. Ever since, he has been having certain "visions", or "memories" especially while fighting other titans. In the manga chapter 89, this becomes clear.

SPOILERS!! Images from manga chapter 89.
(Picture source: Mangastream Disclaimer: I do not own these pictures. They are only used to answer this question more clearly.)

Leading to Hange asking:

Which brings us to the second hint of this chapter. Eren recalls the time he was able to use the Coordinate Titan's power.

Focus on "everything connected".
Which brings us to the culmination of the chapter (and the 'answer' to your question):
SPOILERS! If you have not read chapters 87 and above, do not read further!

Whose memories are these, I wonder
TO ANSWER YOUR QUESTION

 There exists a memory-timeline that is outside of our perception of time. That is, Eldians who have obtained (at least) one of the 9 original Titan's power, have access to the memory-timeline of all previous (and possibly future) Eldians who obtained the same power!! In simple terms, Eren has the 'Attack Titan' power and the 'Coordinate Titan' power. He is able to access his father's memories, and either alter them or combine them with his own memories. Thus, the visions he is having in the first scenes of the first chapter, might be a result of a distorted reality, caused by the memories that the future inheritor of the 'Attack Titan' power is inheriting from the Attack Titan memory timeline.

As stated above, this is all speculation because nothing is revealed yet.
I apologize if this raised confusion, but I am more than happy to clarify parts of my answer.

The vision that Eren had in the first espiode were premonition of things that were going to happen in the anime or later on but he chalked it as other nightmare, so did Mikasa. Eren doesn't understand these visions and what they are about.

As the royal family is able to erase the memories of ordinary people, maybe the dream is not a vision or anything, rather than memories from Eren's ancestors that were erased (but not completely erased) by the royal family.
I mean it's also a mystery where Eren's father came frome, as he was found outside the wall with supposedly no memory of how he got there. I think there's a good chance that these event are connected.
So if the visions are memories of Eren's ancestors, they might have taken place before the wall was built, therefore resembling Shiganshina Distric before the wall protected the rest of humanity
(I don't think this part is too relevant anymore reading from chapter 86 onwards)
I think that from chapter 89 p. 45-46 there is a strong indicator that history is bound to repeat itself. This might also be the reason for starting the series with the sentence

"to you 2000 years from now"

I think that supports the theory that Eren's "vision" are really his memories of past times. Either that or something about timetraveling or time loops.
Worth mentioning is also the repeating phrase chapter 89 p.36

Everything is connected

Spoilers below up to the current Manga issues:
I have a theory that this opening scene will also be one of the last scenes of the series, and that Eren's consciousness may 'loop' back to this initial scene. The way that he wakes up so disoriented, not knowing where he is at first, and saying that the dream seemed to go on forever, makes me think that what he was experiencing was the paths and not just a dream. We know that Eren is able to alter the memories of previous inheritors of the attack titan like his father and Eren Kruger, and even influence their actions retroactively, so it makes sense that he would be able to influence his own past self's memories an actions as well. I don't think the series will end with a cut a dried time travel plot (eg. current Eren goes back into his child body and relives all the events) but I think this scene might indicate more of a ripple effect with both the past and the future influencing Eren.

I don't think there is more to the visions you mentioned. They aren't in the comics and only seem to represent the events that are about to happen later in the same episode. For example, you can see the flowers and mill from Shiganshina District when Eren walks up and you can also see the Smiling Titan devour Eren's mother.
On the other hand, there is more to the visions that appear before the intro. I'll not go into details as they aren't specifically asked for, but as you said they are indeed suppressed memories from the past.

Eren doesn't have any titan power during that 1st dream. He didn't get his powers until he had his 2nd dream (which wasn't a dream, but a memory). When Eren and the others evacuated Shiganshina, his dad found Eren and took him out to the woods to pass on his titan powers.
I feel like everyone posting about his 1st dream are overlooking that fact. That dream had no significant meaning for the past. As for the future.... it wouldn't make sense.

Since shifters can see the memories of other shifters of the same titan power, maybe he was seeing the memory of some other attack titan holder looking at Eren's memories. That didn't really make sense the way I said it, so I'm going to give an example: maybe Grisha saw Eren's memories of those things, and Eren saw Grisha seeing Eren's memories.

This visions don't apear in the first chapter of the manga. This is probably just a stupid mistake that happened because the person who produced this episode didn't know that Eren just started to have those visions after the fall of Wall Maria because he inherited the attack titan's power from his father on that moment.


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What is the importance of the number 7?
In the start when Natsu was looking for Igneel he said that Igneel was with him 7 years ago. After the Tenroujima incident they all disappeared for 7 years. Evil Rogue came from 7 years in the future. There were seven dragons that came out of eclipse gate after it was opened.
What's the importance of the number 7 in Fairy Tail? Is there some type of special meaning behind it or is it just a simple number with no significance?

Welcome to the Anime/Manga SE site. I edited your post for grammar; if I've changed the meaning of something, free free to edit it back in.

@Maroon thanks ... you did better, i will make my question better once i get used to this site

You might want to clarify what you meant by "the dragon that came out of eclipse" - it's not clear to the casual reader if you mean that there were seven dragons or something else.

@Maroon is it better?

I believe the importance of number 7 was because Igneel, Grandenee and all the other dragon slayers dragons disappeared at exactly the same time (excluding Sting and Rogue who killed their own dragons).

@アズーサ but then why only 7? even in the later they only had 7 years difference..... why not 8 or 9 to make it more random

@anas: It's still not very clear for me, when you say The dragons that came out of eclipse gate after it was opened were 7. Does this mean that there were seven dragons, or is this supposed to mean something else? (Note: I don't follow Fairy Tail so it's also a little hard for me to judge or correct details like this, which is probably part of the reason I'm asking.)

@anas: On another thought, the most logical interpretation from that to me would be that they were seven-years-old (although it's still somewhat ambiguous and might benefit from an edit in that respect), so ignore me if what I'm saying isn't useful at all.

@Maroon No they werent 7 years old.... in the plot they said that 10 thousand dragons would come out of a gate called eclipse so the heroes tried to prevent it and out of 10 thousand only 7 came out after that the heroes closed the gate. so this number 7 is repeating itself in many situations but i dont know whats the reason behind it

@anas: I edited that in to make it clearer what you were trying to say. Is this alright?

related?, sure there's more than 3 instances of 7 so maybe we can discount the use of the antithesis of the Number of the Beast (666) but Judaism does consider it a perfect number. its link to Genesis might be that these events link to a possible arc about some sort of creation that linked to the dragons since all the events you have mentioned in the question seemed to have something to do with the dragons

@Memor-X seems like it i just wanna know if the author made it random or there is some kind of plot behind it ....

In Japanese, the number 4 and, to a lesser extent, 7, is generally associated with death and considered unlucky because of the pronunciation of the word. 4 is 「四」 which can be pronounced 「し」 "shi", and 7 is 「七」 which can be pronounced 「しち」 "shichi". Death is 「死」 which is pronounced "shi". 9 is 「九」 which can be pronounced 「く」 "ku", meaning suffering or hardship　「苦」. For this reason, it is impolite to give any gift in an increment of 4 or 9 (for example, a set of cups should be given and bought in sets of 5, not 4), and my Japanese grandmother told me not to give in the increment of 7 either since it has the sound of "shi" inside the word.
On the other hand, various things considered positive in Japanese religion and mythology are in a set of 7, such as the Seven Lucky Gods 「七福神」（しちふくじん, "shichifukujin"） and the Seven-Branched Sword 「七支刀」（しちしとう, ななつさやのたち、pronounced as either "shichitou" or "nanatsusayanotachi"）.

Isn't 9 (Kyu) 九?

this actually makes sense... +1 brother

@Memor-X: It can also be pronounced as ku, e.g. Kujou 九条　（a name)

Well, although this answer beautifully explains how number 7 is interpreted by Japanese, it doesn't explain anything about how it is related to the series.

＠Memor-X, thanks, I've fixed that (I'd put the suffering kanji in the wrong spot in my post). @nhahtdt, the main question was "What is the importance of the number 7?" so I took that to be a question regarding 7's significance in anime/Japanese culture in general, since if there is a special meaning that the readers/viewers are supposed to pick up on in Fairy Tail, it would be something in Japanese culture beyond the confines of the series alone. Unless the mangaka stated a singular reason in an interview or author's notes, to limit the answer to Fairy Tail's world would become speculation.

The main question was "What is the importance of the number 7?" so I took that to be a question regarding 7's significance in anime/Japanese culture in general. The title is not always the actual question that the poster wants to ask. If you read the question body, this is the question: What's the importance of the number 7 in Fairy Tail? Is there some type of special meaning behind it or is it just a simple number with no significance? Your answer does cite various interpretation of 7, but I can't see how it links to the events in Fairy Tail.

@nhahtdh u are right and that is solely why i have not accepted the answer, since i did find the information helpful i gave a +1 :)


text:
Who is this mystery girl with blue hair?
In Captain Earth, there is a girl that appears only in two occasions during the series, when Daichi gets his Livlaster, and at the ending.
She is featured in the opening, so at first I confused her with Setsuna, but the hairstyle was different (huge giveaway they were not the same person).
So who is this ex-machina-lady? (huge spoiler if I had to explain why the ex-machina part)

Some speculation in the talk page for Hana Mutou put her as the human form of the Space Squirrel Pitz, the incarnation of the Livlaster, or something otherwise.
Since that is just speculation, I would like to rule that source out. Can anyone point another source to her bio?

It seems she has a third appearance in the series, she makes a cameo in Daichi's dreamtime too, in Ep. 23 I believe.

Yep, she does. She appears to be sad there, but she didn't say anything to Daichi.

The fact is, we don't have a clue from the series. Our best guess is the Livlaster.
Reason 1 - They were confirmed to be living things with a will, but we never really "met" them. We met the machines, but not them, which is odd.
Reason 2 - Her color style is the same as Daichi's Livlaster, so there is reasonable evidence to make the connection.
Reason 3 - She was first seen when he got the Livlaster. She is only seen with Daichi during critical moments for him. So she and he are connected.
The next best option is Pitz, but we never gave a corresponding figure for the other squirrel. However, this is probably the second best theory based on the evidence. Following that theory is a new character (like a planetary gear) to intro into a season 2. We have no reason to suspect this, but hey, we don't know. Lastly is Daichi's mom. He lives with his uncle, his dad died, so we have a missing mom figure. Maybe there's some backstory?

She is both Pitz and the Livlaster, both Pitz and the girl have the same eye shape and color and she appeared to Daichi to give him the Livlaster. It is pretty much confirmed because the other squirrel Lappa disappeared after Siren regained her memories, but it returned to her after her ego block was destroyed.

Could you add maybe more evidence to this answer. :)


text:
In what episode does a cat steal Zero's mask
In what episode does a cat steal the zero mask, so that Lelouch has to chase it while he is being chased by all the girls from the school?

-1 - research effort - the answer can easily be found by looking up a list of Code Geass episodes, such as the one from Wikipedia or by searching for code geass cat mask.

Your right, Im sorry for taking your time.

Episode 6 (The Stolen Mask / 奪われた 仮面). The description is here.


text:
What does the R2 mean in Code Geass?
The second season of Code Geass: Lelouch of the Rebellion is suffixed with R2.  C.C's and V.V's names, while written with the dot between them they are pronounced as C2 and V2.
So I am wondering what the R2 in the title means: is it similar to how C.C's and V.V's names are writen and pronounced and it's supposed to be written as R.R? Does it mean something?

As chocking as it may sound R2 stands for second season.
There is no information that it could mean something else or at least I haven't found anything to back other information such as R2 being things like:

Round 2
Rebirth 2
Rewrite 2
related to the CG power overtaking both eyes
a 3rd element (such as c2 or v2)

If I had to name it, it would be "2nd Rebellion" as a continuation to the 1st season.
While there could be some crucial information provided on the manga that could clear I honestly don't recall any and perhaps some one could reinforce what I am saying.

release 2 maybe?

IIRC each episode is called a turn (of chess). So "round" keeps up with the chess theme.

Round 2 sounds good.

Lelouch Lamperouge
(Rurushu Ramperuji) = R.R. thus R2 - R2 (R.R.) is his code name like V2 (V.V.) & C2 (C.C.) had.

This was contradicted by the show creators on the audio commentary track. They explained that R2 stands for all possible, relevant words starting with R: rebellion, round, revolution, etc

There is a theory going around that Lelouch isn't actually dead. (I don't know if you've heard of it or not but I'll explain it anyway.)
The theory basically says that in the episode "The Ragnarok Connection" when Charles wraps his arm around Lelouch's neck and strangles him, he does so with his hand that holds his code. The theory states that in this moment, Lelouch stole Charles's code and this is how Charles died. As a result of taking the code, Lelouch becomes immortal and survives being stabbed by Suzaku. This is where the R2 comes into play. Because Lelouch is now supposedly immortal, he has a name like C2 and V2.

This was contradicted by the show creators on the audio commentary track. They explained that R2 stands for all possible, relevant words starting with R: rebellion, round, revolution, etc


text:
Is this purported video showing the ending real or fake?
I am confused. Could someone please take a look at this video purportedly showing the English and Japanese versions of the Code Geass Ending and tell if it is real or fake?

This is fake. Unless someone can point me to the dvd/blu-ray version this can be found on. Definitely not original airing.  Further more the art seems a little off to be Lelouch, (chin is a little sharp).  Chances are this is spliced in from another anime.
P.S. - Not biased response, as I personally think he lived due to the Lelouch of the Rebellion movie they are working on as well as the popular code immortality factor.

It's also worth noting that when I watched the Japanese original dub with subtitles, no such scene appeared.

That video is very fake.
It' was shown to be fan made years ago.
There's many ways you can see it's a fake:
The zoom on his face was of terrible quality.
The broadcast station's logo disappeared during the zoom.
There was no music during the zoom.
People checked the Japanese ending and the zoom wasn't there.
It was highly suspicious that this extra scene was nowhere to be found except on youtube channels of people who (falsely!) claimed Lelouch was alive.
How did they get it?
Why are they the only ones to have this scene?
Why was it dropped?
Etc.
The epilogue WAS remade, though, but not like this.
They made a new epilogue for the Zero Requiem blu-ray, it dropped the often misunderstood hay cart scene and replaced it with C.C. narrating to the audience, explicitly telling us that Lelouch is truly dead.
Here are here words: "A young man dies. He had the power to change the world, to create a new order. The world feared him, hated him. But, I know he died with a smile on his face. Only those who have realised their dream will truly understand that feeling of utter contentment. So, this is not a tragedy. And whenever I feel sad or cry at night, I sing a song. A song of man's making. Zero Requiem!"
You can watch the new epilogue here: https://streamable.com/d8dji
Notice the differences: not just a zoom, but actual new art of very high quality (and very beautiful), actual music, and C.C.'s voice actress talking to us!


text:
Why does every major bad guy end up being a good guy later?
It feels like the common thread is "I'm a major bad guy in Naruto, I lose/die, then I have a change of heart and want to help Naruto once bigger baddy shows up". When does a bad guy remain a bad guy? (e.g. - Zabuza, Gaara, Itachi, Nagato, Orochimaru, Kabuto, Sasuke, Obito, and the demon fox who was supposed to be the incarnation of the world's Malice/Hatred).
Even Madara seems poised now for a return as a good guy since there's a bigger threat and he originally had good intentions when he was a kid.
Is there a reason for this? Why aren't the bad guys more angry that they lost, and join up with new bad guy? Seems like they give up really easily and have no commitment to their goals.

I think it's more of a plot/moral story. Bad guys are just misguided good guys. And Naruto has the power to show them the right path. Naruto didn't invent this concept.

If someone dies they can't really have a change of heart now can they?

bad guys are just good guys whose story has not been told

Or maybe there are no such things as good guys or bad guys as the world (the real world and the Naruto Universe either) isn't just black and white. I won't consider Orochimaru good just because he supports Sasuke, and I won't consider Madara bad just because he fought some guys who were generally accepted as good.

This blog post from Mangastream may be relevant.

Orochimaru turned good when? He is just helped his test subject because his other(kabuto) made him shocked.Itachi was never bad, Gaara was always like a troubled teen not evil from start. Nagato wants piece, his methods are wrong like tobi and mandara but he want ultimate good.

It's a common theme in shonen manga, that villains are reformed after seeing that the main character is right. This is done on purpose to kinda teach the lesson of not being evil.

But Itachi was never a bad guy...

Naruto's talk-no-jutsu is just that strong.

Maybe because there actually isn't any "bad guy" in this world from the start. Somebody becomes bad because of certain incidents happened to them in the past. Nobody is evil at the time when they are just born in this world.
If you cut the fillers and the battles in the Naruto or Naruto Shippuden, you will see the story of this anime actually is very deep, closely related to our everyday life. It always tries to unify people in some way.
You will surely remember how Nagato ended the chain of hatred, or how Zabuza kept his faith on Naruto. You will see there is no actual "villain" in Naruto. Every "villain" character (Madara, Sasuke, Obito, ...) has a good reason to behave like how they do.
When someone tries to do things the way they want, but couldn't make it, they try to help those who have the same goal like him/her. That's how they become good.
It's actually like how Sossli1 says in one of his videos on YouTube
"Those in need of a shoulder to cry on seek those who experienced it".

Not sure about your source of the last sentence.

It's not that this video tells anything related to this question, but the quote i written is taken from here. here's the video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w_7YB9PsP_4

totally agree except that danzo was major  evil duck

Based on what Sakata Gintoki said in Gintama anime, it is the pattern of Shonen Jump manga. See Fairy Tail and Bleach. In Fairy Tail, Gajeel was an enemy, alongside Juvia, but now, they are one of the main members. Same thing in Bleach. Ishida Uryuu was an enemy in the beginning, but then he turned into friend, although now he is posing as an enemy again. But that pretty much is like Vegeta in Dragon Ball, though.

While this is true they usually limit it to a few characters who are supposed to be antiheroes/rivals anyways. In Naruto I would say the equivalent to this would be Neji or Sai.

This. Ever since the original Dragon Ball in the 80s (and maybe even earlier), Shounen Jump manga have been like this. In Dragon Ball, Oolong (the pig man), Tenshinhan, Chao-Tzu, Piccolo, Vegeta, Android 18 (Krillen's wife), and probably many others I'm forgetting are former villains or rivals of Goku.

@Torisuda With Goku, turning enemies/rivals into friends is sort of his main power.

@RichF Didn't Kakashi say that this was Naruto's main power too. IIRC it was his conversation with Chiyo and then later Shikaku with Inoichi.

Now I'm curious on which episode Gintoki said this in the anime...

It seems to be due to the inherent nature of each being to think and decide the way he wishes to pursue, more like when you are born you are in an equilibrium and when faced by circumstances and the emotional atmosphere around you, you learn from it and draw towards to one of the positive or negative sides.
As we saw in DBZ, Vegeta came to destroy earth and was really persistent but then with the change of a heart decided to safeguard it and called it his home.

"You either die a hero, or you live long enough to become the
  villain."

-- Harvey Dent, The Dark Knight
The characters that you describe started out as heroes, then turned to villainy, and then were set straight by Naruto.  KnowYourMeme does a good job of explaining the background and has links for more reading.
The jist of the phenomenon is that heroes usually become such when they die (posthumously), while the same disregard for the norm will eventually lead someone against normalcy, thus becoming a villain.
This picture uses the quote and Naruto characters to take it full circle:


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What is the music that plays in episode 21 of Shippuden?
What is the name of the piece that plays in episode 21 (Shippuden) from 02:30-02:53?
I have listened to many Naruto soundtracks, but still I still haven't able to find this one...  it seems to be played in many episodes.

Have you tried something like Shazam? It sometimes works for asian music.

This is Track 21 - Kouchaku ( Stalemate ) from the Naruto Shippūden: Original Soundtrack (2007).


text:
How did Goku and Vegeta alone end up on Earth?
How is it that only Goku and Vegeta ended up on Earth?  What happened to the other Saiyans?
Planet Vegeta was destroyed by Frieza, but which planet did Goku come from?

At the same time Planet Plant (AKA Planet Vegeta) was being destroyed, Goku was being sent to a planet called Earth in order to kill all of it's inhabitants and then sell it to Frieza.
Vegeta and Nappa were on another planet and Frieza told them that a huge meteor fell on their planet and destroyed it. That's how Goku and Vegeta survived.
So that's make the survivors

Goku
Vegeta
Nappa
Raditz, Goku's older brother. It wasn't revealed how he survived.

And from the movies:

Broly
Paragus
Turles
Tarble, Vegeta's younger brother.

For more information read this page on Dragon Ball Wiki: Genicode of  the Saiyans
How they ended up in Earth

Raditz goes to Earth to make Goku join them.
Goku disagrees but Raditz enforces him by taking his son, Gohan as a hostage
Goku and Piccolo kill Raditz
Vegeta hear about the dragon balls
Vegeta goes to Earth to find the Dragon Balls and then  to destroy the Earth, he ends up fighting Goku

Everything about your answer seems true, except for the Vegeta part? Didn't Vegeta want to use the Dragon Balls for immortality?

Lol, I meant to destroy the Earth ;), I'll change it to "and then to destroy the Earth" - thanks

Planet Vegeta was destroyed by Frieza, yes. Goku and Vegeta are from the same planet, Goku was sent to earth as a child to destroy it. When Planet Vegeta was destroyed, Vegeta wasn't on the planet, he was away on an assignment at the time and Vegeta comes to Earth when he receives Raditz's dying report of seven magic objects known as the Dragon Balls which will grant wishes.
Other saiyans who made it to earth were Nappa and Raditz who were both killed.

so that means Vegeta is Older than Goku ? or did he do his assignmenst as a toddler ?


text:
Why are anime characters usually drawn without lips?
I have noticed that most anime characters are drawn without lips. Is there a specific reason for doing this?

Could you show a few examples?

Images were added. I thought I won't be able to post images at my current reputation (like in stackoverflow).

The reason seems to be more historical and technological than some kind of art or costumes. Realistic lips are hard to draw. The lips has certain singularities that prevent creatives from trying to imitate them. In cases where they need a close up (focus on) the lips, the quality/relistic could be increased (this depends greatly on the production) but in most of case whereas there is another more important elements in the scene, some realistic details are just dropped.
Of course, some technology could allow producers to pimp up all realistic features (lips included) so they picture more realistic lips.
In a single line, the answers is: if they are not pictured, is because it results a pain to produce them; if they are pictured is because all other details are also realistic, why not lips.

I'd appreciate it if you could provide a reference to this, even if it only applies to animation in general.

I also remember reading in various style guides for drawing that less is more, particularly in anime. That's why the nose and lips will all but disappear sometimes. It encourages the viewer to fill in the nose and mouth with generic versions. They get more attention when they need more attention, like an unusually shaped nose, a cat-shaped mouth, or a woman applying lipstick.

Realistic noses are also hard to draw.

This sort of lack of defined lips is stylistic within the art form of anime (and some manga do this as well). This isn't something that the artists can't be bothered to draw due to lack of talent, skill, or time. Even though that style exists, many anime character designers and mangaka have drawn lips in their character designs, from the earliest anime up through today. So we can be sure that it is not that lips are just too darn difficult, or that only the early artists could handle it but that newer generations just aren't cut out for drawing lips. Those who do not incorporate well-defined lips into their character designs desire for their designs to look that way; it's not a case of refusing to learn how to draw a face accurately. In the same way, we can note that some anime characters have barely-there nose design, but this is because some artists think this looks better than drawing out a large nose or detailing nostrils, rather than because they couldn't draw a more robustly-shaded nose if they wanted to (and likewise, some character designers and mangaka do choose to draw very defined noses compared to what other artists prefer).
Furthermore, one might even be hard-pressed to prove that anime characters are "usually drawn" without lips. Two out of the four images you posted as examples actually are drawn with lips (the Full-Metal Alchemist image does not look like it comes from an anime cel... but it does have a lower lip in the illustration). So this may not be the most popular answer to your question -- certainly a lack of visible lips is true of many series -- but whether it is true of the majority of series (in other words, "usually" the case) is debatable.
Historically, both shounen and shoujo anime have featured lips on a regular basis in the character designs for both male and female characters:
http://www.new-anime.com/images/black-jack_3.jpg

Yet recent series have also featured a good deal of defined lips...

http://animemvc.com/Content/animes/nana/nana_hachi_komatsu_nana.jpg

Some series have characters who wear lipstick as part of their personality...

... or as a plot element:

In series in which characters' lips are not usually emphasized, the shape of lips is often seen in side views...

... but even in such series, at times the characters' lips are drawn in detail, in order to emphasize that the other character in the scene is noticing their lips (worrying about getting kissed, thinking the other person looks alluring) or to contrast a female character as young and demure against other characters.

I think you should elaborate more

Please consider adding additional picture to a gallery and only posting a few as examples in order to not clutter you answer with image and accommodate users on low-bandwidth and bandwidth-capped connections.

@seijitsu Explain more details by stating shadows and highlights

Some of the image links in your answer are broken.

A lot of traditions in anime design come from manga. This makes sense: many anime are adaptations of manga, and so the makers of the anime usually want it to resemble the manga that's being adapted.
In the case of manga, this tradition comes largely from the fact that drawing lips requires intricate detail in a very small space. Aside from being more difficult to draw than a simple mouth line, lips also take a lot longer to draw, and manga is often drawn on a very tight schedule. As a result, they're generally not considered worth doing for most characters: specific situations or designs might call for them, but if that doesn't happen, the default is to leave them out.

Animes are hard to make and the majority reason for creating Animations is to express imagination, creativity, ideas etc and not how good you are at drawing real pictures.
If you draw real lips, would have to show teeth as well when the characters smile, which further adds to the complexity without substantial visual benefit for the viewers.

Dont you think the without lips version looks cute ?

Lol, at least draw it in red :)

if you want badly drawn mouths you don't even have to do it yourself. Just look at One Piece characters like Viola.


text:
Are there really differences between the story lines of the Rahxephon movie and series?
My all time favorite anime is without doubt Rahxephon. I've watched both the series and the movie. As I recall correctly the movie can be considered a summary of the series except for the end. I had a lot of trouble understanding the end of the original series, but on the other hand the movie's ending seemed to be 'dumbed' down.
Is this an incorrect impression of me, due to the summarizing? Or are there indeed differences between both story lines?


text:
Why didn't Pro heroes help NightEye
First of all, i didn't read the manga, so if the answer to this is a spoiler, please abstain or mark it as a spoiler so i can avoid it.
My question itself is a spoiler for those who didn't see Season 4 yet:

 As we have seen in season 4, NightEye was gravely injured, survived long enough to be put in a hospital, until he died.
 Why didn't pro heroes use Eri quirk to save him ? rewind can cure his injury. If you say "Eri was sick", why didn't they bring Neito Monoma, the kid with the Copy quirk ? he can copy Eri rewind and save NightEye, it's not like it's going to take a whole day.

Edit:
Also Aizawa was present to cancel the quirk if it gets out of control

Duplicate: https://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/56514/why-didnt-the-heroes-try-to-use-eri-to-rewind-nighteye-to-prevent-him-from-dying

Didn't talk about Copy quirk

Eri was passed out in all this time. That is why Mirio also only "hopes" the be able to get his powers back when Eri is better. Also, they probably didn't want to make Eri the "plot-armor" Quirk so that no hero ever dies again :)

Neito Monoma couldn't use Eri's Quirk, because it is not compatible with his own Quirk.
Although Neito Monoma can indeed copy any Quirk, he only copies them in their "base" state. We could say Neito Monoma obtains the Quirk as if he was a baby and the Quirk manifested for the first time.
When Neito Monoma tried to copy Deku's Quirk, he found himself devoid of any super-strength. As he explains himself in Chapter 217, since Neito copies Quirks in their base state, any Quirk that needs to charge up or stock something over time to function is useless to him. He correctly guessed that Deku's Quirk only stockpiled strength over time and didn't simply grant him super-strength. Similarly, Neito Monoma cannot use Fat Gum's Quirk as it relies on cultivated reserves of fat to function.
We have seen that Eri's Quirk, Rewind, depends on the length of her horn to function. As she uses her power, she depletes her reserves and her horn gradually shrinks. This means she had to grow and cultivate that horn to use her power ; in other words, Rewind needs to stockpile something to function.
Since Neito Monoma's copied Quirks can only for only 10 minutes at most, he absolutely does not have the time to stockpile whatever Eri needs to activate her Quirk.

As seen in the Anime, Eri can not yet control her quirk which is also why she is in quarantine.
For Neito Monoma, his wiki entry says the following:

Neito only requires to touch as little as a few strands of hair from the target for his Quirk to take effect. After contact with a target is made, Neito gains full access to their Quirk, at least at a basic level; it's unknown if Neito is also capable of copying further improvements that one may achieve with their Quirk.

So we do not exactly know if it would work. But they could have tried yes. Maybe it will be explored later (non manga reader here).

The wiki also states that he failed using rewind (Eri's quirk in the manga). See here: https://bokunoheroacademia.fandom.com/wiki/Copy at the bottom.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Who is the trainer with Typhlosion?
I see a lot of fan arts like this one, a trainer challenging red. He always has a Typhlosion but I have never seen the other of his pokemon in any fan art. It seems like this place is Mt.Silver.

Who is this trainer?
What are his pokemon?
Where is he originated from?   Games, anime, manga?

He's looks like the main (male) character from Pokemon Gold/Silver Crystal.

yes that part seems obvious

This character's name is Gold. Like Madara mentioned, he is the main character in Gold/Silver/Crystal. He is most likely from the Pokemon adventures manga (which I read).
The one facing him is most likely Red from the manga as well. I just do not remember him having a Lapras, but I do know that at the Deoxys arc of the manga he used all 3 of the Kanto starters at some point.
In the manga, Gold's team would be Sudowoodo, Ambipom, Sunflora, Politoad, Togetic and Typhlosion (as of Volume 43). He has a Pichu called Pibu, but it's more or less there for cute appeal.
This scene is most likely drawn to depict their training at Mt. Silver, or in the game where Red is like the "final boss" of HG/SS.

@Esq if there is anything you require clarification just let me know :)

Storyline-wise it seems to match up, but Red was indeed not supposed to have those pokemon at that time, but I guess that's what makes it fanart?

That would be the main character in Gold/Silver/Crystal. In Generation II he had no official name (and so was unofficially known as Gold), but was given a name in the Generation IV remakes to Gold/Silver, and was given the name Ethan.

but the link doesn't mention typhlosion, but it seems silver has one

@Esq: It's an art of a scene from the games, when the character fights Red at the end of the game. Typhlosion is a common starter pick in GSC, as well as HGSS. The art you linked above is not canon.

He could also be Jimmy from "Pokemon and The Legend of Thunder!" It was a three part episode/movie in the Pokemon chronicle series. Jimmy did have a Typhlosion, he also was shown to have a beedrill. He came from newbark town in the Johto region and chose a Cyndaquil as his partner.

Welcome to stack exchange! When you are posting an answer, if there is some try to put some sources and links in the answer.

You could improve this answer by adding a pic of the character so we can see for ourselves how close the resemblance is.

He is the main character in Generation II Pokemon Gold/Silver and the male character in Pokemon Crystal and their remakes in Generation IV HeartGold & SoulSilver, Ethan. It's also known as Gold in Generation II.
He is also the main protagonist in The Legend of Thunder!, known as Jimmy. Both Jimmy and Ethan is from New Bark Town in Johto.
The image is more like Ethan from the game, because he fight Red where the player can fight him at the top of Mt. Silver after beating Elite Four and Champion and also have all 16 Badges from Johto and Kanto.


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What is the actual color of the Rasengan?
The manga has the drawing of the Rasengan on one of the colors yellow, and the games says it is blue. I think it's yellow because I believe the manga is canon. What is the actual canon color of the Rasengan?

The colour of rasengan mainly depends on the chakra's nature of the user.

Strictly speaking, the canonical color of the Rasengan should be yellow, because Naruto's chakra is yellow in the manga. (Chapter 91)

The anime changed the chakra color to blue for some reason, probably because they felt blue looked better in the animation. Games are often made to resemble the anime, not the manga, so that could be the reason they picked blue.
The yellow image in the anime that you mention is an inconsistency. They may have used the color from the manga for that image because it wasn't important for the plot.

In addition, in anime, Naruto also created a Rasengan with rainbow chakra. I just don't remember.

@NaraShikamaru This is what you are looking for. Seven coloured Rasengan. It was a movie-only technique.

The rasengan is blue because pure chakra appears blue to the human eye. Despite naruto's nine tail chakra being orange he does not utilize this chakra when using the jutsu hence the rasengan takes the form of a blue rotating orb.
However it has taken multiple colors before in the anime and manga and this is because of what chakra is used to create the jutsu.

Everyone's chakra is meant to be a different colour and it only depends on how thick it is. Naruto's is meant to be yellow, Sakura's green and Sasuke's black, but they decided to make all of them blue.

I write coloUr too, but you don't need to capitalise your u's just because other people don't use them.

Its supposed to be yellow/orange like we see in the last,like it was previously stated everyone was meant to have a unique color chakra


text:
Did Griselda really die?
At the end of episode 6 she appears next to her tomb and both main characters seem to see her.
So either there really are ghosts in SAO or she was alive, and if she was alive, why didn't she appear anywhere else later, etc? The story was left open so ambiguously that now my brain is bleeding.

Quote from the 8th volume of the Sword Art Online Light Novel (translation from baka-tsuki):

Shocked, I turn to look behind, and what was in front of my eyes——
  [...] it's impossible for supernatural phenomenon to happen.
So is this a bug in the server I see? Or is it an illusion in my breath?
  Not far away, [...] there...was a translucent female player giving off a slightly golden light.
[...] However, after a while, she extends her right hand over to us to seemingly hand something over.
Asuna and I reached our right hands out, and as we felt the warmth, we clasped onto it tightly. This warmth entered our bodies, lighting the fire within our chest. We opened our mouths and said out the words the form within us.
[...]
Asuna's words rode through the night wind and reached the female swordsman. The transparent face showed a large smile——
And in that instant, nobody was there.
We put our hands down and remained spaced out over there for quite some time.

It was described pretty clear that Grimlock killed Griselda. Why she was still visible wasn't explained, but because she disappeared without a trace, it was most likely just an illusion or some kind of hidden feature. She's definitively dead ;).

It's something similar to when Kirito died against Kayaba and came back to life. It's the incarnate system, something that was added into the game but nobody was aware of it, only becoming more of a common knowledge in Accel World. Even then, only a few people know of it.
In the novels of SAO, it's being mentioned, since it's a soul dive that's being used, not the mind. It's the manifestation of the will, to make them stronger. Kayaba's idea, that was fully completed later on.


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What major or well-known script-writing competitions exist for anime works?
I'm familar with the Animeka anime script-writing competition, but it doesn't seem like there are many others out there. What major or well-known script-writing competitions exist for anime works?
Thanks

The only other one I can think of, in the same catergory, is the Kyoto Animation Prize. You can see a list of other competitions in other literary and arts categories here.

BTW, we opened up a meta post on whether to keep this question closed or not.

There seem to be three main anime script awards, at least in Japan.
Tokyo Anime Award includes a wide variety of anime and categories, including two for screenplays. One is for screenplays and one is for original adaptation screenplays. These seem to be all professional/aired screenwriters/anime. These categories were created in 2014, though the Award is from 2002.
Animax Taishō is for submitted rather than already aired anime, and the winners are produced and aired on Animax. It's not clear if this has been run after 2008.
Kyoto Animation Awards is also for unpublished work, though oddly they seem to not have winners every year. In the last cycle, for example, there were no winners. This is run by Kyoto Animation.


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What happened to Kazuya's father?
In episode 13 of the anime,

 it's revealed that Kazuya and Kanon aren't biological siblings; their parents (Kazuya's mother and Kanon's father) married each other after both children were already born and old enough to walk and talk. It's heavily implied that Kanon's mother died due to some illness

but nothing was said about Kazuya's father.
Does the original game (or otherwise another official adaptation of the game) explain what happened to Kazuya's father?

According to various Japanese sources,

 Kazuya's parents divorced.

From Aniota Wiki -spoiler part- (Japanese),

 実は果音とは血の繋がらない義理の兄妹である。一也の母(離婚)と果音の父親(死別)が再婚したためであり、再婚したのは10年以上前である。前田姓はもともと果音達の姓であり、一也達は再婚してから前田姓を名乗るようになった。果音が義理の妹であることを一也は知っているが、果音には隠している。しかし、わだかまりがあるわけではなく本当の妹のように大切に思っている。また、兄として果音を守ってあげたいとの感情から果音とはすぐに打ち解けいてるが、果音の父親と打ち解けるのは少し時間がかかったようである。 (Emphasis mine)

Rough translation:

 Actually, (Kazuya is) Kanon's stepbrother. Kazuya's mother (divorced) and Kanon's father (bereavement) remarried more than 10 years ago. Maeda is Kanon's surname, and Kazuya's family took it as their surname after their remarriage. Kazuya knows that Kanon is his stepsister, but he hides it from her. However, without any ill-feeling, Kazuya cares about her like real sister. Also, even if he shows his feeling and wanting to protect Kanon as her brother immediately, it takes quite a while to show that to Kanon's father. (Emphasis mine)

From comment no. 65 on a Japanese blog,

 一也の両親は離婚。ママリンは女手一つで一也を育てる。果音の母親は病死。パパリンはそれもあって娘を溺愛。兄妹二人がであったのが大体10年ほど前（新見さんより前ですね）。現在の両親は職場が同じで、それが縁で再婚。 [...] (Emphasis mine)

Rough translation:

 Kazuya's parents divorced. His mother was taking care of him alone. Kanon's mother died. Her father also really cares for her. Kazuya met Kanon around 10 years ago (earlier than Niimi). Their current parents works at the same place and remarried by fate. [...] (Emphasis mine)

And last but not least, post no. 857 on 2channel,

 一也の場合はママリンと父が離婚したんだよな。ロクでもない奴だったのか

Rough translation

 On Kazuya's case, his mother and father divorced, eh. Worthless guy, wasn't he?

Unfortunately, I couldn't find where this is explained since I don't touch the series.


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What are the words and meaning that compose the title of Glasslip?
Is it glass + lip?
Is it glass + slip?
The Japanese title is
グラスリップ - it is in katakana, so definitely is a foreign word.
So, the title means lips made of glass, or slipping on glass?

I'm not entirely sure about the meaning behind the name, but I'm pretty sure it is pronounced Glass + lip, mainly due to this image:

Source:
http://animeinspirations.com/threads/is-there-some-hidden-meaning-to-the-title-glasslip.378/

Glasslip is presented as a single word, and it is logical to suppose that "glass lip" is what the anime was going for. This makes sense, since here, “lip” can mean “a projecting edge on a container or other hollow object”. Then, "Glass lip” can describe to the edges of glass surface, such as a bead, where the glass bends around and causes light passing through to bend in strange ways, distorting the image [1].
Sources

https://infinitemirai.wordpress.com/2015/09/14/a-glasslip-analysis-deciphering-what-glasslip-intended-to-be-about-through-its-opening-sequence-and-its-impact-on-viewer-expectations/


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What are Youmu Stones used for?
In Kyoukai no Kanata, the hunters make a living out of selling Youmu stones, allegedly the souls of the defeated youmu. It goes even to the extent of a school teacher taking a leave to hunt during a particular event.
What is the use for those youmu stones after they are sold? Why are they valuable to others?

What I am looking for is some source material reference from other media (I only watched the anime).

If anyone can bring reference from the Light Novels, they get the green checkmark.

"Youmu stones" don't exist in the light novels. They're an anime-only thing.

@senshin that is good to know, even being a turn-off. Fuyukai desu.

I will build on FatalSleep's answer:

The similarity among all youmu is their tendency to manifest an ore-like stone that contains the powers of that youmu when slain.

In the anime, it is shown that Sakura Inami can use Youmu stones to empower "her" spear-like weapon.
Given
(1) that the stones have the powers of the youmu and
(2) this use of the stones shown on screen,
we can infer that the stones could be used to empower/create magical items.
The barrier sticks, the charms and several other magical artifacts from the Kyoukai no Kanata universe could be made using the power from those stones.
As magical ingredients, youmu stones would be very valuable and highly sought after. This would justify the Ikaishi income, the wealth of some Ikaishi families and the economy of the Youmu stones market.

There isn't really too much source material on the youmu stones besides the anime. However, we see that the youmu stones are brought to appraisers to be sold as a proof of victory over a youmu. However it's never explicitly explained as to what use the stones have.
Based on the Kyoukai no Kanata wiki: http://kyoukainokanata.wikia.com/wiki/Youmu

The similarity among all youmu is their tendency to manifest an ore-like stone that contains the powers of that youmu when slain.

If this is the case, then the stones could be being used as a medium to create the different powers of all of the Spirit World Warriors. This would explain why stronger youmu that are slain have higher value stones.

Youmu stones serve as a proof of victory of Spirit World Warriors over the Youmu. It's unknown what they are useful for except that. Each stone has its own "aura" detectable by Appraisers, who can tell how powerful the defeated Youmu was. Think of the stones as experience points earned in a fighting game. The more you got − the higher level you are, and as a result, thought of as more powerful by other Spirit World Warriors.

Yes, if the question was "what are youmu stones" it would be answered, but... XD S2

Well, you asked why they are valuable and I answered.

Ok. This is why they are valuable TO the Ikaishi, but I was asking about their intrinsic value to others. Why the appraisers buy the stones? What they do with it AFTER that?


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Was the post-rebellion Madoka still a Magical Girl?
Unmarked Spoilers
Since Homura separated "the Madoka that was before attaining divinity" from the Law of Cycles, is the Madoka post-rebellion a Mahou Shoujo?
I'm talking about the Madoka that shows up as the "transfer student" at the end of rebelllion. And being a magical girl in that context means having one's soul in a soul gem.

Good question. The movie was pretty unclear about how the split between Madoka as a person and the immutable Law of Cycles worked, at least from what I remember. I do believe it was implied that Homura was the only magical girl left in the universe she created, and that she had reshaped the nature of a magical girl into a being who collects curse energy and funnels it into Kyuubei. Then again, it was also implied that Madoka and Sayaka regaining their memories could somehow endanger the existence of that universe, which seems bizarre if they had become completely normal humans again.

i would answer this but even i am not confident to make a speculation on this. we know that Homura "sealed" Sayaka's abilities as a Magical Girl/Witch and i do believe that all the other Magical Girls have had their powers sealed so they can live normal lives. but it's hard to tell what Homura did with Madoka. in the one hand she could have done the same to Madoka as she did to Sayaka but then Madoka is still technically a God (something beyond a Magical Girl like Homura). on the other hand this could be just the human aspect of Madoka that still cared for Homura to risk the Incubator's trap

@Torisuda my impression was that Homura just made the Incubators embody the curses similar to what Wraiths do, reducing the number of wraiths so that Magical Girls no longer need to fight. as for the endangerment of the existence of the universe i assumed what Sayaka was talking about was that it was the Incubtaors who were cycling the energy to contract entropy and now Homura have given them a new existence rather than erase them (remember she she said she'd keep them in her new universe to handle earth's curses, nothing said about the universe's energy)

(cont) and that the Law of Cycles is broken so Magical Girls could become Witches again

@Memor-X the only certainty I could get is that the incubators won't make any more magical girls, because they state they will never again meddle with humanity. Since the incubators never lie, that is a given.

Actually, I'm not sure whether Madoka in God Mode is still a magical girl either. Did we ever see if she still has a soul gem? If God Mode Madoka isn't a magical girl, that would suggest that the version of her that Homura drags into the new universe isn't a magical girl either.


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When and How was Homura's wish fulfilled?
In ep. 10, Homura's wish is revelaed:

 "I want to redo my meeting with Kaname-san. Instead of being protected by her, I want to protect her!"

This wish forced her to go back in time and re-live the month since her meeting with Madoka 100-ish times.
But in the end of the main timeline (ep.12), it is still Madoka that saves the day

 by wishing to rescue all magic girls before they "completely" turn into witches.

Since the world was rebooted by Madoka's wish we briefly see events that happened during that month, such as

 Sayaka's despair for being unable be with Kamijou, only to be rescued by Madoka.

I won't address the Rebellion movie in this question body, but feel free to include it in the answers.
Since by the end of ep.12 it does not feel like Homura's wish was fulfilled, question remains:
Was it fulfilled, if yes, when and how?

Time travel stories always contain paradoxes. Don't think too hard about it.

@Euphoric Not in this case. It is stated that every time Homura goes back she (creates/arrives at) another timeline. So there is no causality nexus for paradox, regarding HER travels.

Is it possible that only the first part was considered her wish, so her wish was fulfilled just by gaining the ability to go back? Or maybe it's the standard Kyuubei fine print: "If your wish involves accomplishing something on your own, the Kyuubei cannot ensure or guarantee its fulfillment, and all risk thereof is assumed by the wishmaker."

@Euphoric But we're here to think way too hard about this stuff. That's the fun of it.

If you are referring to how Homura can still have her wish granted in Madoka's Universe, one reason could be, as Euphoric said, it's a paradox. but then again we can say that for anything, it's more fun to see what we can infer from what we have seen, isn't it?
The second could be what I am going to call the Room of Origin (my term, not canon, since it has no name to my knowledge). We see the Room or Origin twice as being the center point of the universe being created. the first time was when Madoka recreated the universe and the second time was when Homura did it at the end of Rebellion (in Rebellion Homura says she's been there once before when the Incubator asks where they were). Since this is really ground zero for the start of the new universe we can make the assumption that a part of the old universe still exists inside the Room or Origin, serving as the basis.
The third reason could be that Homura retained her memories and abilities because she was key to creating Madoka's Universe. It was her terminating the timelines that compiles Madoka's Karmic Destiny that allowed her to become a god. In Homura's Universe Madoka regaining her memories would return her to becoming the full Law of Cycles once more and Sayaka retaining her memories initially could be because she is a part of the Law of Cycles as her secretary until Homura sealed them and probably sealed Nagisa before hand (since she did create a new life for Nagisa)

Her wish was to protect Madoka, not for Madoka to be safe. It's open-ended and why she is able to take effective action to protect Madoka, even when it meant (Rebellion Story spoiler)

 rejecting salvation from an omnipresent arbitrarily-powerful deity and dragging a human avatar out of it

Her failures don't invalidate the wish because as long as she has the will to go on, she can rewind and keep protecting Madoka.


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Why isn't Misaka Mikoto's face widely recognized?
In a city where 1,800,000 teenagers are struggling towards the same goal (esper improvement), having only seven level 5 students would automatically bump them into celebrity status.
Tokiwadai's uniform was always easily recognized even by Skill Outs (usually followed by panic when they "remember" that school's top ace).
Misaka did a swimsuit modeling campaign. Hard to believe the company wouldn't use the "Railgun wears our brand" selling point.
Misaka is also well known to jump into the fray even when the fray doesn't want her there.
Is there any in-series explanation why doesn't everyone in Academy City know Misaka's face?  The out-of-series explanation is not of interest (e.g., "The author wrote that way," etc).

Most of the level 5s don't even recognize each other. Misaka and Accelerator don't recognize each other when they first meet; I don't think Misaka recognized Mugino either. I agree this is kind of odd, though - given that all the level 5s know their relative rankings, you'd think they'd know who the people above and below them are (besides Accelerator, who probably wouldn't care).

@senshin given how Japanese students care about academic ranking, how XXI century craves about celebrities, it is extremely odd that the faces of the 7 best out of 1.8M wouldn't be widely known in a city that lives and breathes to achieve that goal. I know that this is how it was written in the story, but I am asking for the reasoning behind it, in-universe.

People not recognizing Accelerator is even weirder than Misaka's case since Accelerator is rank 1. Or maybe none who encountered Accelerator survived to tell the tale? My guess on the question is that maybe Academy City has a rule not to publish the any info about 7. So what is known in public is just their alias, such as Misaka is known as Railgun, but nothing else. Possibly to protect their daily life.

Japanese students may care about academic ranking (many don't, by the way) but you wouldn't know who's the best in another school or who scored the highest for a university's entrance exam. Being a celebrity is very different from being a top student you know. No one will idolize you for being one. Heck, did you even know the top scholara in your university? Anyway, back to topic - your assumption stems from the Japanese culture but it is fundamentally wrong.

For a moment i thought this question was about attack on titan lol

@JefferyTang Nah. Everyone recognizes THAT Misaka as an oriental and the prejudice is wide open. But I will edit the title.

It is all Aleister Crowley's master keikaku. tl. note : keikaku means plan.

For what it's worth, when I was in high school I knew the names of several of the best high school students in Ontario but had no idea what they looked like. I'd see their names at the top various competition rankings, but since they didn't go to my high school I had never met them. Like Yuu said in a comment above, they were hardly celebrities and I didn't care what they looked like. No one else did either.

Introduction
I'd like to make a few points on this matter. Firstly, even if her face isn't known by everyone in Academy City, many people do recognize Misaka Mikoto. Secondly, Academy City has the motivation and the means to keep Misaka's fame level down. These points are partially in conflict since I'm arguing on one hand that Misaka is famous, but on the other hand I'm saying she isn't. I don't think these points are irreconcilable, but my goal here is mostly just to present evidence and analysis from the light novels and manga rather than to reconcile the two points.
Analysis
In the first novel, Mikoto says this on pages 6-7:

Hey, have you heard? They're developing some military-grade little 'sisters' for me, based on my DNA, that they can use in the army. I guess the by-products were sweeter than the ultimate goal, huh?

The Railgun manga and other works in the franchise expand on this comment, explaining that it is a rumor Mikoto has heard. Since we know from later works in the series that this rumor is actually true, it is probable that it was started (or at least helped along) by mysterious sightings of look-alikes of Mikoto Misaka. In this case, people would have to have an idea of what she looks like. The Tokiwadai uniform obviously helps a great deal at identifying her.
Now, there are some possible reasons that Mikoto Misaka wouldn't have celebrity status. First off, Academy City is a very secretive place, and Mikoto Misaka is an invaluable research subject. Touma Kamijou comments several times on how secretive and stingy the place is in protecting the secrets of its curriculum, including in volume 4 on page 2:

Plus in consideration of its own secrets, as well as the potential threat of student kidnappings (read: theft of test samples), Academy City stubbornly disliked allowing its students outside of its walls. Gaining permission to leave required three written applications, the implanting of microscopic devices in your bloodstream, and the arrangement of a legal guardian...

So, Academy City is very secretive and might prefer to keep their top espers out of the public spotlight. They have the means to do so, too. The very reason Touma is on vacation at the beach in the fourth volume is so that the some information control can be done regarding his recent activities:

The upper echelons of Academy City were the ones most bothered by the commotion. They said to him, "Hey, hey, Mr. Kamijou. We'll fix this up with our information control, so go away somewhere you won't cause needless chaos, stupid."

So, from these passages from the fourth novel, we know that Academy City is very secretive and that it has great influence over the information released inside and outside the city with regards to their research.
Lastly, volume 7 of the Railgun manga has a great deal to say on this issue. Chapter 43: Negotiation partly chronicles the attempts of a committee to find a public representative for the Daihasei Festival from among the level 5 espers and they mention that the Daihasei Festival will be broadcast to the world. The committee tries to get Mikoto Misaka as the representative, hailing her as "the most normal level 5". When the committee representative speaks to the headmaster of Tokiwadai, the representative comments on Misaka's past experience performing demonstrations in Russia. The headmaster refuses the committee member's request. The headmaster's reasoning is explained in thoughts and flashbacks: Based on previous incidents, the headmaster thinks putting Misaka into the limelight isn't good for her. In the flashbacks, we see these three phone calls:

"I witnessed your Misaka kicking the vending machine."
  "A person resembling Misaka was chasing a high school boy!"
  "A person I believe to be Misaka-san was playing some sort of survival game in the backstreets."

Once again, these phone calls show that Mikoto is recognized by some people. This isn't the only point I'm trying to make here, however. The headmaster believes the public spotlight has had negative effects on Mikoto, and has been trying to keep her away from it. This attempt to get her away from the media could be a reason she isn't widely recognized. Without constant attention from the media, many people could start to forget what she looks like.
Conclusion
My conclusions are that Misaka is more widely recognized than the question indicates, but at the same time, Academy City is likely to be suppressing Misaka's fame because she is a valuable test subject and they vigilantly guard the secrets of their curriculum, so it isn't unusual that everyone in the city doesn't recognize her. If anyone disagrees with one or both of these conclusions, I hope at least the passages and analysis were useful and provided some hints as to where to look for more information.

Ugh. I started editing because I thought my answer might be a little confusing, but I think I'm just making it worse...

This is very informative though! That's nice!

In that society, they seem to not rank as famous just for their abilities. Most of people (not all), didn't know Accelerator either. In Misaka's case, there's also a deeper reason, Sisters. Since there would be that ammount of clones, it would be really hard if when they released one, people noticed her. Also, Sisters were to make Accelerator level up by murdering clones periodically. If people knew any of them, they'd make a fuss if they spotted them fighting, or even worse if they saw "Misaka" die, and reappear some days later.
That leads us to think that there's a missinformation campaign, that lowers the information normal people gets from them. These also can destroy any ads found with that information.


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What is this "Company" Kazami Yuuji works for anyway?
In the Grisaia no Kajitsu, Kazami Yuuji works for a company related to Ichigaya and the Japanese government.
But he very often states that the Japanese branch is indeed a branch of the main corporation in America.
So it seems to be some intelligence and special ops agency, but in a worldwide aspect.
What is this corporation exactly? Asahi Cleaning LLC is the front, that is not what I am asking.
Looking for answers from the VN, since the first season of the anime does not delve too deep into this.


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What is Mikage's status (in the spirit/god world) after he passes the Tochigami Crest to Nanami? Is he still a god?
Mikage passed the Tochigami Crest (the symbol of divinity and ownership of his temple) to Nanami, but obviously retained several of his powers.

 Like when he converted Nanami's dress into a butterfly pattern before her ritual dance in the end of 1st season.

He is no longer a god, because

 he did not attend the Izumo meeting in the second season.

and also because

 the host god of the Izumo meeting [name pending] specifically states that Mikage is hard to find because he is no longer a god.

So, what is Mikage as of the Izumo meeting? He is not a god. Is he a youkai, a fallen deity, or what?
EDIT: In the episode S2E4 "The Goddess Makes Her Second Romantic Confession", Mikage is shown at the god's summit closing banquet. So he has some divine status, but the divine familiars of Nanami and also the shrine spirits are there too, so that banquet is not deity-exclusive.

It's not as present in the anime as in the manga, but Mikage takes the shape of a butterfly and you can see him fly around in the manga at all the important events and otherwise. He's constantly monitoring Nanami.
I believe he is still a kami deity, just not the deity in charge any more. I've interpreted it as the crest being a sign of her taking on the godly responsibilities and in all practical manners is a god, even though she is still human. He's still the shrine's god, he's just handed over the practical responsibilities to Nanami.
Your race doesn't change just because you gave away or received a profession.
This is my interpretation at least.


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Do all the D' girls have dragon "mates"?
Some of Yuu's classmates are shown to have dragon "partners"/"suitors" (to avoid a more heavy term), and the plot runs around avoiding having the dragon meet the designated girl.
I am talking about when a dragon comes for a girl and her Ryuumon glows.
Examples are Iris and Leviathan, Tear and Basilisk, the girl Mitsuki killed (she turned into a dragon in the backstory).
But the school has dozens of D girls. Are there that much dragon beasts rampaging around?

Can you cite an instance of this dragon "partner"? I can't quite remember where this happened.

@nhahtdh Iris & Leviathan, the horned redhead and basilisk, the girl Mononobe killed after she turned dragon... from your comment I think "mate" would be a better wording.

Probably not, as I cannot imagine that Yggdrasil is in the same realm as mankind, I would imagine there are multiple or perhaps even an infinite amount of realms. That would also explain the sudden appearance of the Dragons.
Unfortunately I have no real evidence of this being the case. My comment is based on mere assumptions after watching the aired episodes of the anime series.

Do you have any reference for this?


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Who is Jeff-Kun? Is there any canonical references about him besides what is shown in the Anime?
Jeff-kun is both the stuffed bear charm and the mysterious magician / pen-pal / mentor of Sae (supposedly the stuffed bear was given to Sae by him).
EDIT: I misplaced Jeff with Miki-senpai.
He is shown as a silhouette in the end of S2, but still remains shrouded in mystery.
The other kids don't even register Jeff-kun as a distinct entity. They just assume Sae is taking to the toy.
Is the information above correct? Is there any other source as to who Jeff-kun really is?


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What sections of the final chapter are real, and the ones that are flashbacks/dream sequences?
The final chapter of Girl May Kill is very confusing.
There is a lot of dream sequences / flashbacks mingled with the real story, and I am having a hard time separating them.
The pages with a black background are not real. But what happened?

 Did she really kill Gohongi? If she killed him, what did it accomplish?

And later on

 If Gohongi is dead, is she only dreaming of how it would go if he was alive (when she is grown up and says "I am glad you waited for me to grow up") when she eventually grow up?

When I get back home and can access CR I will add page references. In the meantime if anyone feels inclined to do so, please do.


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Is Reiko Sakakibara's aunt really her relative?
Given that the Extra was

 Sakakibara's Aunt Reiko Mikami, who was also the assistant homeroom teacher,

and that

 everyone's memories and official records are altered.

Is Reiko really related to Sakakibara or was

 that a lie fabricated to account for her existence?

i don't think anyone can answer this, maybe not even the officials did think about this...

Reiko Mikami is the younger sister of Ritsuko Sakakibara (mother of Kouichi), so she really is his relative.

 She is the extra because she died once before, which pretty much proves she existed.

Another proof of her being Kouichi's aunt is

 Rei, the parrot she hates, was bought by her father after her death and was named after her.

You can also see her flashbacks from when she was a student in the manga.


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From what chapter of the Nisekoi manga should I begin reading to pick up where the anime ends?
Finished watching the first 24 episodes of the series, want to continue the story reading the manga, where should i begin?
Bonus question!
What am I missing if I just skip to the chapter from the OP question?

EDIT: at the time of the original posting of this question, it was uncertain if they would continue the anime series. As of the spring/2015 season, Nisekoi was featured, and new episodes will push the story further.

I can't give a definitive answer since only 5 books of the manga are out in English... however, the anime does skip over a few events of the manga. So reading from the beginning could be beneficial if you wish to know the whole story. Other than that, the anime covers the main parts, so skipping to where the anime left off won't leave you in the dark.

FYI, there is going to be a second season coming out some time in 2015 (assuming no Shaft delays), so if you prefer watching anime over reading manga, you won't have very long to wait for more content.

@senshin since the spring/2015 season is confirmed and already airing, I updated the question to restrict its scope to the first season.

There are some differences between the manga and anime. This is some of the chapters that do not appear in the anime:

Chapter 7: Handmade. This chapter tells about Raku and other girls bake a cake together.
Chapter 19: Visiting the Ill. This chapter tells about Raku that got sick and all the girls went to visit him at home.
Chapter 26: Detour. This chapter tells about Tsugumi that got a love letter.
Chapter 40: Liar. This chapter tells about Tsugumi and her lie detector.
Chapter 41: Stray Dog. This chapter tells about Chitoge found a stray dog.

All of those chapter are just filler. You still be able to follow the story without reading it. The anime, however, ends in Chapter 50: Leading Actor.
So, if you want to continue the story from season 1 of the anime, you should read Chapter 51: From Here on Out. But I suggest you also read chapter 50 to get the right feeling.


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Michiru is a fake blonde, ok. But what about Sachi and Amane's hair colors?
Both the VN and the anime stress that Michiru is a fake blonde.
Makina and Yumiko have natural hair colors...
But what about Amane and Sachi? I don't think there are too many natural redheads in the native japanese population of the Kyoto region (where Amane's parents are from), but I am almost sure no human is born with pink hair.
Is this just a case of "anime hair", and we are supposed to overlook these two hair colors (MST3k style), or is there something else abou these characters?
What about hair color as a recurring element(as @senshin pointed) in other shows?

Man, this sort of thing bugs me. The same thing happens in Clannad - Sunohara's blond hair is apparently because he bleached his naturally-black hair, but then you have Kyou/Ryou with purple hair, Kotomi/Tomoya with blue hair, Tomoyo with gray hair...

@senshin tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/AnimeHair

Oh, I know, I was more talking about how they choose to explain some of the weird hair colors but not others. Like, we're supposed to look at Sunohara/Michiru and say "wow, that blonde hair looks unusual", but then we come across Kyou/Amane and figure "meh, it's just purple/red hair".

In general blonde hair is thought to be foreign in Japan, Most foreign characters/exchange students usually have stereotypically bright blue eyes and blonde hair.
Young people who dye their hair blonde are generally attempts to be 'cool'/rebelious, and are often delinquents. For this reason it is somewhat meaningful that a character has dyed their hair blonde, as it is a thing that happens occasionally in Japan, whereas other colours are not so daring/meaningful.
See Why are many anime characters blond?
As for the more 'obscure' shades of hair, pink and other hair colours were originally introduced into anime as an easy way to distinguish characters without adding much more detail.
I haven't watched le fruit de la grisaia, but I imagine that it's probably a result of these two occurrences. I have seen Clannad however , and I can confirm Sunohara's hair is dyed blonde as an attempt to be cool (however misguided that attempt may be :P)

authors: Мария Козлова


text:
Why is Kuga Yuma's C-rank uniform black? Every single other C-rank wears white
By default, every C-rank Border member wears a white uniform. But Kuga wears black. Is there some reason behind this distinction?

The uniform is patched with the Tamakoma branch's insignia, so it should be a new one.
At first I thought it was because of the black trigger, but he is not listed as an S-rank, and its a key plot point that he keeps his black trigger "apart" from his Border assignments (so far).

Yuuma actually never wears a Border Uniform, because his Black Trigger is what's referred to as a "full body trigger."

@ʞɹɐzǝɹ see the SS of ep20 I just added

Yuma's father Yugo worked with Border when it was founded, so he had Trigger technology from back then. So when Yuma first used a Border Trigger years ago when with his dad, the Trion body and uniform designed for him came from the Borders old days. So for him he uses the same Trion body now with the black uniform, rather than make a new Trion body with Border's current white one.
An example of what I mean is Konami Yuma's mentor, said she has been in Border even before Jin. She had short hair in her early years, so even though she has long hair now. She lets her Trion body keep the short hair she used to have, because her current real body long hair is not fit for battle. Basically unless Yuma makes a new Border's Trigger, Trion body, he will have the black uniform.

That does not explain why his uniform have the Tamakoma branch insignia on the shoulder.

If you want to know that, you'd have to ask Yugo lol. The mangaka said himself that Yuma's uniform and trion body came from Yugo who had triggers from Border's old days. Maybe Yugo was part Tamakoma Branch, but the details about Border when it was founded and before it went public are few. So I don't know what else to tell you.

you should add this info to the answer. If you can link to the statement of the author, then it is settled.