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Why does Hanekawa know about Black Hanekawa?
In the end of Nekomonogatari (Kuro), Araragi states that Hanekawa doesn't remember any of the events of Golden Week. (This is also shown in the corresponding recap episode in Monogatari Series Second Season.) However, in the Monogatari Series Second Season, during the Tsubasa Tiger arc, Hanekawa seems to know of the existence of Black Hanekawa:

In the voice-over in the first episode, she makes some allusions to having been a cat. (I don't remember what exactly she said, but I can dig that up later if I have time.
In episode 4 she comes to the conclusion that she must have been possessed by Black Hanekawa after noticing dirt in her nails (and moreover comments that this time, there were no warning headaches).

When does Hanekawa realise that she had been possessed by Black Hanekawa? Does this have anything to do with the episode prior to the school festival (not in the sense that this was actually an episode of the anime, but in that this was an instance of her being possessed) that was alluded to once or twice?

It is my understanding that Hanekawa has been more than aware of this whole situation for some time because basically Black Hanekawa is the manifestation of her undesired emotions, and there is no way she can't know what she doesn't want to feel. Also some of the other character might have spoken to her about it, and that's how she found out.

@user1306322: I read her undesired emotions as having been repressed in a somewhat Freudian sense (assuming I read Freud correctly, that is), to the point where she wouldn't necessarily even have been aware of them.

I figured she acknowledged and accepted these emotions as well as her cat form. It became apparent to me when Araragi was like "Wait a minute, you are Hanekawa!" when he saw her while possessed and she didn't deny it.

@user1306322: ah yes, that's definitely true - I was referring to prior to the last portion of the Tsubasa Tiger arc.

If you haven't watched episodes 13-15 of Bakemonogatari, you should definitely do that first - that's where the real meat of the Tsubasa Cat arc occurs.

Some details in the ONA for Bakemonogatari suggest a potential answer. In episode 13, Hanekawa states that she has no memory of Golden Week beyond the burial of the cat (or slightly earlier). So she can notice such gaps in her memory. Hanekawa comes to Araragi for help after growing cat ears (which came after her headaches). It's possible she also remembers that.
Hanekawa probably at least knows that something is up. Moreover, Araragi states that he has no idea how much of the events of "Tsubasa Cat" Hanekawa remembers, but that he won't ask for now because he wants to let her come to terms with her feelings.
In "Tsubasa Song", Araragi says (own emphasis, quotes from a fan translation):

. . . it was twice that a cat had rampaged—on Golden Week and just a couple of days ago . . .

Moreover, we have this:

And that’s why I ended up seeing nightmares not once but twice—said Hanekawa, as if telling herself that rather than me.

And later, Hanekawa tells Araragi:

I don’t want to shut myself out anymore, and as it is, if I don’t demonstrate more of my individuality, then one day I may fall prey to the cat again.

Araragi probably hasn't asked Hanekawa about the events of a few days ago, but Hanekawa knows about both possessions. So it looks like Hanekawa got suspicious and asked someone what happened during these two periods.
It's possible that she remembers bits of the second possession or even finally remembered the first possession. But in "Tsubasa Tiger", Hanekawa comes to the conclusion that she must have been possessed at night via indirect evidence and not memory. So memory loss can be linked to possessions. Thus, it seems unlikely she remembers everything at this point prior to the end of "Tsubasa Tiger. (It's possible that she does remember everything once she accepts her repressed emotions, but that comes after the period discussed in this question.)


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Translation for the ability graph
During each advertisment break, they display a graph for a stand-user. Unfortunately, some sub-groups don't translate it, and I can't understand what is written there except for the "speed" that is written with Katakana.
Can you please translate it?
And, what do the big capital letters (D, E, D, A, D and C) stand for?

According to Dimitri's answer, the translations go as I added them to the image below.

@CameronPowell The bottom one is 持続力 jizokuryoku, which you can stick into a translation service or something if you care to check for yourself. I don't watch JoJo, but "durability" seems like a plausible translation. Perhaps alternatively something like "ability to remain active" or "persistence", depending on how stands work.

Durability is most definitely a stat. Bound Stands have A rank durability because the stand itself is functionally indestructible since they can't be damaged directly.

As my original comment suggested it is indeed a chart of power levels in certain points. The red marking stands for the power division, and it is graded accordingly with a A = Best E= lowest and anything in between.
After a short search I managed to find this image which includes the same stats system on the jojo wiki page, including the translation which is as following (The power levels included are for this card and not for the one you shown in your picture)
Stats are listed clockwise starting from the top
Stats

Destructive Power     A
Speed     E
Range     A
Durability    A
Precision     E
Developmental Potential   E

In what order did you list them? Can you please match them one-by-one?

From the top, then clockwise. So destruction is the top stat then the one to the right of it is speed and so on

I can't comment on the other answers so here is my piece to the other answers:
The letters are the way it grades the Stand according to the stat. The translated text is what determined what the stat is.
The stat at the bottom is the Stands ability. Abilities are something like; Magician Red's fire, Hierophant Greens possession, and (spoiler alert!) Star Platinum's time stop. Hermit Purple's stat in that category is high because of its ability to reveal other stand users and make superhuman observations.
Attacking a Stand just hurts the user. Durability is never really brought up as something that a Stand can have since the durability is simply based on the user. I have no idea if there is a Stand with armor so basing a stat on that instead of ability just seems like a mistranslation to me.

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Why does Ganta have hexagons around his blast?
In Deadman Wonderland, Ganta first has hexagons around his blast when the ball falls from the tower and is about to crush him. Later he gets it again when fighting and protecting Shiro.

The only other person who I know can do this is the Wretched Egg. So why is Ganta able to do it and have a lot more power behind his shot?

I added an image to show people, I presume this is what you meant?

yeah that is what I meant.

This isn't really explained in the show. As you can see, in the image below, the Branch of Sins manifestation is based on the power of the user.

However, if we take Episode 1 into consideration, we can see that Wretched Egg attacks Ganta and kills off his class mates. This is also what seems to be when Ganta should be receiving his powers. In that case, since Wretched Egg's powers have the hexagonal patterns around his/her abilities, then this would explain why Ganta has the same design, since Ganta got his abilities from Wretched Egg.

Just confirming, the middle image is Ganta aswell? it has a hexagon underneath

No it is not. That is Nagi Kengamine. It's possible that only those that directly received the power from Wretched Egg have the hexagon. However, that is only speculation since we don't know how exactly all of the branch of sins are distributed.

Okay i can see that. it sucks that they don't explain it in the show.

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In session 23 at 14:45, is Ein hacking or is Ed?
In session 23 at 14:45, is Ein hacking or is Ed?
Ein has the head band interface on that Jet was using to interface with the cult's net presence and Ed doesn't have her hands on the computer. It looks like Ein is hacking the cult's access point; is this the case?

season 23 or episode 23?

@Memor-X Episodes of Cowboy Bebop are referred to as Sessions. Session 23 is Brain Scratch

Ein is super-intelligent! His creators briefly referred to him as a "data dog" in the episode where he was introduced, so it's not surprising that he's able to handle and manipulate the website.

If I'm remembering this correctly, I'm pretty sure that it was Ein doing the heavy lifting:

Anyone who hooked into this website got brainwashed (Ein had saved Jet from this by biting him), so I guess they figured if a Dog's brainwaves were used, the website won't be able to brainwash them. So it's Ein that's doing the controlling (you can see him twitching and moving) and it looks like everyone else was just monitoring his progress:

When the site comes up, Jet says "Ed, that's absolute perfection!", thinking that this was Ed's doing, but then it pans to Ed in front of her computer confused, and she wasn't typing on the keyboard at all while all these windows were opening/closing on the website.
Also, from the bebop wikia page about Ein

In order to avoid having a human member of the Bebop crew be enlisted into the radical religious cult, S.C.R.A.T.C.H., Ein is put into the headgear that is used to link to the cult's website. Within seconds of being logged into their virtual lobby, Ein himself hacks into the underground portions of the site.


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How did Ryuk trick the King of Death Gods?
In chapter 27, Misa says

Ryuuku tricked the king of the gods of death to get the second death note that kira is using.

Does anybody know how Ryuk tricked the king of Gods and got his Death Note?

Isn't it written further in the story? Have you read all of it yet?

If i remember in the anime Rem is mistaken as is assuming Ryuk tricked the Shinigami King, Ryuk's second death note actually came from Sidoh, however i don't know if this was adapted from the manga

@Memor-X It was. In the manga, the Death Note Light was using was also Sidoh's. That's why I wondered how he tricked the King of Gods. Whether it would be related to Sidoh's DN, or whether he would even have had a third DN or whether Rem was indeed just mistaken.

It looks like Ryuk tricked the king of Gods by pretending he had lost his Death Note.
Chapter 60
Sidoh appears for the first time. Sidoh says that he thinks it is about time to kill a human or two. This happens in 2009, 6 years after Ryuk had dropped his/Sidoh's Death Note on earth. From this we can see that Sidoh is a lazy and clumsy Death God, who did not realize he was missing his Death Note for at least 6 years. Which explains how Ryuk became the owner of this Death note. According to How to Use: XII, you lose ownership when the Death Note is stolen, unless it is retrieved within 490 days, which it wasn't.

If you lose the Death Note or have it stolen, you will lose its ownership unless you retrieve it within 490 days.

Chapter 65
Sidoh appears again. This time he realized he had lost his Death Note and had asked the King of Gods, whether he had seen his Death Note. At which the King replies that Ryuk had already taken that Death Note, pretending it to be his.

When I told the King of Kings what it looked like, he said, "Oh Ryuuk said it was the one he'd lost, and took it with him"

Conclusion
Ryuk was bored and didn't feel alive in the Death God world. But according to How to Use: XXIV, Death Gods are not allowed to stay in the human world for long periods of time. Therefore when Ryuk found Sidoh's Death Note, he saw a once in a lifetime opportunity to have some fun. He pretended to the Death God that the Death Note was his, so he could obtain ownership after 490 days and at that time the story starts.

The god of death must not stay in the human world without a particular reason. Conditions to stay in the human world are as follows:

When the god of death’s Death Note is handed to a human.

I see, the Shinigami King must have found Sidoh's Death Note and held onto it not knowing who's it was, Ryuk tricked the Shinigami King by saying it was his, this way Rem is not mistaken that Ryuk tricked the Shinigami King in getting a second book while still keeping to the fact it was Sidoh's

@Memor-X I originally put that part about the king finding the note in the answer too, but to be honest, in the anime the deathgod king only says "that was the notebook ryuk dropped", from which this isn't as obvious. So I left it out, because I wasn't 100% sure, but it must have been something like that.

Actully i don't think the Shinigami King is ever shown in the anime, i think the comment you refer to was from Armonia Justin Beyondormason

@Memor-X I mean, the exact same scene in the anime. I double checked to check for mistranslations for what Sidoh said and in the manga he says what you can see in the answer, which clearly points at Ryuk pretending to be looking for his lost notebook, while in the anime Sidoh says in episode 28 "And when I told him what it looked like, he told me that was the notebook Ryuk dropped". While here it might have been the king asking why ryuk was going to earth. He could have pretended that he had dropped his notebook by accident and needed to retrieve it or something. That's why I left it out.

Pretty sure he pretended to have lost his Death Note and got  a new one off the king. However, I'm not 100% sure.

Would that mean, he had 3 notes at the beginning of the story?

Possibly. He may have known Sidoh would come to get it back so got a backup one for when he did, or deliberately lured Sidoh there to make things more interesting.

Do you think there would be any proof to this in the manga?

Probably not. It's just a speculation of mine but it seems like something he would do.

Well, there is another theory, Ryuk might be the shinigami king himself therefore as access to infinite number of notes, since the shinigami world is in ruins there isn't any actual proof that it has any particular authority structure, the shinigami sidoh talked to might have pretended to be the king of the death gods to protect ryuk's identity, and since we never saw the king of the shinigami in the manga it might have being ryuk all along, also the bag ryuk is keeping is death note has a strange design and we never saw another shinigami in the manga keeping is death note in a bag, which means ryuk might have a sort of bag to keep his death note because he is the actual king.

This is incorrect as the King of Death (Shinigami King) does make an appearance, and as we can see in his wikia page he doesn't look a thing like Ryuk


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What name will Shinigami Eyes show above the head of a person who changed their name?
So let's say, Bob Schösel changes his name to Derkie Duckface. Would a person with shinigami eyes see Duckface's original name, or the name that is currently used?

The more interesting question (which will not have a canon answer and so I will not post it as such) is whether you (or some orphanage) could raise a kid so no one but you and shinigami knows his real name (not even the kid).

This question makes me wonder what name is chosen for a person to show up. What if you never officially name your child, but only use aliases? Would it become immortal to the Death Note or would the first alias be considered the real name? I guess this is one of the few DN plotholes

Related: Is a person who wasn't named by his/her parents immune to the Death Note?

Also even if the person uses alias for his/her identity, real name appears on head.. you can see the episode when Misa amane meets L for first time, and she read the name.. and she was about to say that the ryuzaki is not the name that Light mentioned.

Why would Gods of Death be concerned about a human institution of name registry? Within the TV series and manga, people go by aliases and those are never good enough. And there's 2 good reasons for this:

If simply changing your name changes the name that Shinigami eyes would see above you, then the value of having Shinigami eyes within the context of the story is greatly reduced, as there's no point in trying to find someone's real name. If changing your name changed the name the eyes see, then the goal of finding someone's "real" name would be changed in the story to finding someone's "current" name. Clearly from the story, the goal was to find the "real" name.
If changing your name changed the name that the Shinigami eyes saw, then it would be a way to circumvent death from the writing of your previous name in a Death Note. To play it safe, you could change your name every 5 seconds. There's not a rule to address this in the "How to Use" rules, so it follows that there's no such loophole with changing your name.

Therefore, the name you were given at birth must be the only name that matters.

As off 2016, there has been a new live action series and a movie, which do deal with this sort of problem. This is probably the closest canonical example we will get, instead of fan guesses we had to go with until now.
In Death Note: New Generation, episode 3:

 Taichi Kanagawa, who had murdered a young girl, is located by a new Death Note owner and his name is written down in this person's Death Note. However, Taichi does not die in the alloted time. That is because Taichi Kanagawa had changed his name and his new name is Taichi Amazawa. Once this name is written down, he dies as ruled by Death Note rules.

While this does not directly answer the question, How to Use: XXX state:

The names you will see with the eye power of a god of death are the names needed to kill that person. You will be able to see the names even if that person isn't registered in the family registration.

With that, it is safe to assume you would indeed see the name currently used.


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How do Mirai Nikki Mosaic, Paradox, and Redial relate to the main series?
Apparently, the manga has three more series which are Mirai Nikki Mosaic, Mirai Nikki Paradox, and Mirai Nikki Redial. How do those three relate to the main series?

The three series are spin-offs to the main series. All of them are assumed to be canon.
Mirai Nikki: Paradox follows Aru Akise as the main character along with murmur, and takes place in an alternative timeline to the main series.
Read more about the plot here
Future Diary: Mosaic features Minene Uryu (the 9th Diary Holder) as the main character and includes five chapters, each of them focusing on several arcs of the story under Minene's point of view. Some plot points are revealed that were not disclosed in the main story.
Future Diary Wikipedia Page
Future Diary: Redial is different from the first two as it is the only one that was animated (as an OVA). Redial covers the events in the Third World leading up to—and then slightly past—the final scene of the series. It follows the Yuno of the Third World.
Review of the OVA

Do Mirai Nikki: Paradox and Future Diary: Mosaic have any animation?


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How much are "cens" worth?
How much are "cens" in FMA worth? Is there some sort of canon answer to this, or can something at least be inferred from the manga / either anime series?

I'm asking this since I've noticed FMA fans who seen to treat "cens" as being similar in value to US dollars (or some other currency with similar value). I'm pretty sure that's not the case and have a feeling it'd be useful to have some sort of "resource" to direct people to.

Working off of some manga / Brotherhood details, we can reach some sort of approximation. I am not sure if there are any details in any of the guidebooks to give a clearer answer and so am only working off what I've seen in the series itself.

Ed borrows 520 cenz from Roy. He uses this to make a phone call (via a pay phone) to Winry. Admittedly this may be a costlier "long-distance" phone call, but this doesn't matter much - from later details we can still reach a similar conclusion.
When Roy asks for the money to be returned, Ed first gives him 500 cenz. Roy gets annoyed, and Ed tells him he's stingy for caring so much about 20 cenz. Ed also pays back Roy in coins.
In the Hong Kong dub of FMA, 520 cenz is translated to be $5.2, which isn't much in Hong Kong dollars.
According the Wiki (which argues that cenz is approximately equal to JPY), cenz comes both in paper bills and coins. This, along with the fact that we see Roy with a bunch of coins when he calls Hawkeye, implies that the coins should be of lesser value (which is usually the case in real life currencies that also use paper). After all, pay phone calls within the same city can't cost that much.

Given that Ed gets 520 cenz coins from Mustang (as seen at the end of this video), and taking the considerations in the last point into account, 520 is a relatively small value.
Some people have argued that Ed was mad about having to pay 100 cenz for coffee in Briggs, which might imply that he finds it too expensive. But given the above and the context (him being given a cup of coffee by a doctor, which he finds out afterwards that he's to pay for), it's more reasonable to assume that Ed is annoyed by the fact that he has to pay for (bad) coffee in the first place (without warning).

Consequently, the value of a single "cenz" doesn't seem to be much. Given that this is a Japanese manga, the most reasonably assumption would be that "cenz" is approximately equal to the Japanese yen in terms of value and/or worth.

this might also help: Cenz, was going to do an answer on it but yours is more detailed

@Memor-X: yeah... I looked at the wiki when I wanted to see if there was anything more detailed, but they don't seem to really give a source and their article currently is on the very short side of things.

Also, really good automail seems to cost approximately 10mil (from https://i.sstatic.net/IQghW.png), so a yen equivalent would bring that to about $100 thousand, which seems possible (if a bit high) for some of the best automail in the world.


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What are the differences between the manga and anime versions of Excel Saga?
How does the anime for Excel Saga differ from the manga? More specifically, does the plot in the Excel Saga anime depart significantly from that in the manga?
I've read that some characters only appear in the anime. What are notable differences between the characters who appear in the manga and those who appear in the anime? Are there any other differences? Is the structure of the anime (i.e. one episode spoofs of different genres) different from that of the manga or are there similarities?

I've only read a bit of the manga, but as far as I can tell, the manga was more of a focused satire on the state of Japan's economy and politics in the '90s and early 2000s (a bit more like the later, similar series Nerima Daikon Brothers). It didn't have as much genre parody as the anime did. It also had the character of Elgala, a third ACROSS agent who works alongside Excel and Hyatt.

Sometimes production houses tend to adapt the story line a bit or go in a completely other direction. Why? I don't know exactly, there could be multiple reasons.
but fr instance Hellsing made it's TV adaptation, which wasn't all that bad. However the readers of the manga found a lot of differences, and were not happy about the animated version. Later a new version labeled as an OVA (Official Video Animation) was produced, which had it's story based and continued like it went in the manga.
A pretty much similar thing happened with Full Metal Alchemist, where the story very deviated from the original manga concept( which was later reproduced as Full Metal Alchemist: Brotherhood).
Reason mostly vary but it's mostly because production houses do stuff on their own and then mutate the storyline.

During the development of the anime, Arakawa allowed the anime staff to work independently from her, and requested having a different ending from the one in the manga. She said that she would not like to repeat the same ending in both media, as well as to make the manga longer to work more in the development of the characters. When watching the ending of the anime, she was amazed about how different the Homunculi creatures were from the manga and enjoyed how the staff speculated about the origins of the villains.

For instance... (source)

ehh my question is not why there are differences between the manga and anime versions of Excel Saga, but rather, what the major differences are

@DaMachk While your answer does offer some insight to the production of manga adaptations, unfortunately it does not specifically address the differences of the plot, characters, and/or scenarios between the Excel Saga anime and manga versions. Please take some time to properly review the OP's question and (if possible) revise your answer.


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Did Light truly love anyone?
In Death Note, I am not aware of whether Light actually truly loved or cared about anyone although at the beginning of the series you could say he loved his parents perhaps. But it seems that he was at least shown to be as an intellectual person who just so happened to be bored or well tired with the way life was (e.g. criminals everywhere, continuous injustice that happened towards people etc.).
I may have missed something from the anime and I haven't read the mangas (so please correct me if I'm wrong) but did Light ever truly love anyone? I want a canon answer.

From the episode when he killed Ray Penbar's fiancé I felt like he had lost all emotions he once might have had. So i doubt he loved anyone after he received the notebook

Obviously not the point of the question but for the exact question "did Light ever truly love anyone?": he was not born a sociopath but arguable becomes one (obviously a monster but sociopath might just not be the right word).  Therefore, we can safely assume that when he was a child he truly loved his family as almost every child does.  This is largely irrelevant to he events in the show and, therefore, the answers posted.

Himself. And only himself.
Yagami Light truly perceived himself as a god where everyone else was a lower being. He explained in one segment that his lifespan is too valuable to make a deal for the shinigami eyes. Yet for even his closest allies (Misa) or even his family, their lives can be easily discarded. Light did not truly love anyone other than himself.

Misa served as a tool; Takada served as a tool; and his family just shouldn't get in his way, otherwise he would have killed them.
But he reacted when Sayu got kidnapped by Mello.
I think that he only possessed a kind of responsibility-like feeling.
At a certain point in the manga, I don't think that he loved anyone anymore.
He was focusing on achieving his goal.

This isn't really exercised in the show, we can't tell. All we see is Light being fed up with life until he gets the Death Note...
We can see that he didn't really love Misa though as he never actually expresses any feelings for her at all. As for this father, it looks like he is expressing genuine feelings for his father when he is dying in episode 29, however at the time he is only thinking about how important it is to kill off Mello.

I always thought that it was all an act when his father died. He needed to be the one touching the notebook to regain ownership the moment his father died and he probably only wanted Mello dead for personal gain rather than revenge, because if Mello had died he had really become a God.

I think he loved his family. And I don't think he was just acting when his father died. He was just corrupted by the Death Note.

No he does't love his family and in anime, he even ready to scarifies his sister too if something went wrong.

he loved his family. but the death note corrupted him. remember when light lost his memories of the death note? this light loves his family.

He loves his family but he loves himself more then anyone. Its not death note which corrupted his memory but its his own priorities which changed him.

Himself.
As to the sociopath suggestion, it is generally thought that sociopaths are born that way. You don't just become one. Insane narcissist? Yes, he totally, but sociopath? Doesn't fit the bill.
A total narcissist loves only themselves, and might have emotion for others, but mostly just in how they help themselves feel good.
If you look at Light during the period of time where he forsakes the Death Note, he is actually a decent guy. Notice how his entire expression and tone are changed. (even when no one is looking)  He is corrupted by the power of the Death Note, and becomes a figurative monster.
Absolute power corrupts absolutely.
On the topic of psychological issues: L is a textbook case of Asperger's  Syndrome.

About Sayu, the only reason he didnt kill her was that the only ones aware of these were them and Near's crew.
Though he never really loved Misa, he did get involved with her as a couple

Might you be willing to clarify what you're referring to with "the only ones aware of these were them and Near's crew"?


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Can the Naruto manga be ordered in India?
Can we order the Naruto manga in India? I am a big fan of Naruto but Animax stopped it. I am watching the series on YouTube, but I also want to read the manga.

You can read the manga through Crunchyroll, however, as your answer says "order" and not just "read", I'll just keep this as a comment.

One site you can use is Amazon.In, although I'm not sure of the range of Naruto volumes they seem to have most of them for about ₹299.00 each.
These are in English rather than Hindi.

I don't think we can even expect Hindi version.

Besides Amazon mentioned in Toshinou Kyouko's answer, Naruto volumes are also available online on Flipkart, Snapdeal, Sapna Online.
Naruto volumes are also available at a few (offline) bookstores, but this is mostly limited to the major Indian cities. I have seen Naruto volumes on sale at two locations of Landmark Stores when I teleported there visited them. I expect to see them at their other store locations, and maybe also at some other large bookstores.
Buying from offline bookstores will offer you a few benefits.

Get a look and feel before buying them.
Bargain for a better discount, especially if ordering multiple volumes.
Place a custom order for any missing volumes.

Manga volumes on sale at Landmark, Forum Mall, Koramangala Bengaluru

Manga volumes on sale at Landmark, Orion Mall, Malleshwaram Bengaluru

To add to the other answers, there is also the Comic Con India, where you can procure different types of anime merchandise including Manga Volumes.
Going from personal experience, you can purchase multiple volumes for "good" discounts/offers at such conventions (Though most popular volumes may be sold out). They also allow you to place order, which will be later shipped to the given address.
Typically these happen once a year in cities such as Delhi, Mumbai, Hyderabad and Bangalore.
Check out below for more details and events.
http://comicconindia.com/#


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Where can I buy Majo x Kamikakushi?
A while ago, I learned that the author of a manga I loved died but that its artist (Katou Yoshie) was still in business. One of the manga he/she's working on is named Majo x Kamikakushi, but I haven't had luck finding anywhere to buy it.
Could anyone help me figure out where I buy it? Apparently it's serialized in Gangan magazine.

Well, I guess it may be hard to find it in spain.

It seems this isn't just hard to find in Spain, but pretty much everywhere outside Japan. According to Baka Updates it's not even being scanlated. There's no Wikipedia entry, no MyAnimeList entry, no Anime News Network entry. It's not listed under Yoshie Katou's MyAnimeList page. The only evidence I found that it even exists was on some Italian blog that just listed all the manga currently running in Shounen Gangan. Unfortunately, I think the only way you can read this is to buy the Japanese edition of Shounen Gangan or the Japanese tankoubon and learn to read Japanese.

As mentioned in Torisuda's comment, it seems there's not much info about this manga, even in Japanese. (There's no Wikipedia article, etc.)
Also, there doesn't seem any tankobon for this series. Considering this, the best/only way to read it is by buying the Gangan magazines themselves.
According to Japanese Wikipedia's article for Monthly Shonen Gangan, Majo x Kamikakushi was published in 2015/02 - 2015/04. Searching for those back issues, I only found them on Amazon Japan (not new, but used items):

Monthly Shonen Gangan 2015/02
Monthly Shonen Gangan 2015/03
Monthly Shonen Gangan 2015/04

I believe the detail on how to buy it from Amazon Japan and deliver it to your address is off-topic, so I won't include it in here. Also, it depends on your country, whereas I try to make this answer as general as possible.


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How does online anime streaming work within Japan?
One of the main ways people in the United States watch anime these days is to stream it online via a streaming service like Crunchyroll or Hulu.
Is the online streaming of anime in Japan as popular as it is in America? I know that the Japanese music industry tries really hard to keep its works off the Internet as much as possible, and they try to get customers to buy physical CDs instead. Is there a similar impact on anime streaming where the anime industry tries to avoid streaming and opt for physical DVDs, Blu-rays, etc. in its domestic domain instead?
Also, most of the time in America, the subbed Japanese version is available for free viewing for anybody.
Do Japanese viewers have to pay in order to stream anime in Japanese? My guess is no, because I wouldn't see why Japanese viewers would be charged to view anime in Japanese when U.S. viewers get to stream anime in Japanese for free.

i have a friend in japan and he mentioned both are not available to use IN japan probably bc of licensing troubles or something. cd/dvd/bluray discs are still the most popular medium in japan. so if one wants to watch anime, they usually buy/rent in tsutaya or other shops that sells them. some people record the airing anime and that's legal i think but it has no subs. torrenting/illegal streaming aren't allowed because of a recent law they passed.

I assume by "free" you mean "ad-supported"?  Sitting thru 3 to 6 minutes of ads is a cost, but one of time rather than money.

Yes, that was an unconscious assumption I made. Thanks for pointing that out.

As mentioned in the article: How Is Online Streaming Doing in Japan?

In terms of YouTube and Nico Nico, both services are quite entrenched. Nico Nico's growth has slowed substantially, clocking in at about 2.5 million premium members (they had 2 million in 2013), and 50 million registered users. YouTube, meanwhile, is blowing up, with 70% of internet users reporting having used the service -- ranking it #1 social media website in the country, above Facebook, Twitter, and Japan's local (and more popular) social media service, Line.

In terms of premium services streaming professionally made content, Japan is behind English speaking countries in terms of market reach. Hulu famously launched in Japan back in 2011, but didn't manage to secure much Japanese language content -- most of what they were offering was American TV shows. It also cost a fortune (¥2,000 per month, with no free option). After three years, Hulu sold off the service to Nippon TV, who added some more Japanese content, and reduced the price to a far more reasonable ¥930 per month. In March they announced they had over a million subscribers.

Netflix only launched their Japanese service in September, but has been doing groundwork for their launch for some time.  Pricing the service at ¥650-1450 per month, the company has been spending heavily on marketing, and local versions of televisions from major manufacturers like Sony, Toshiba and Panasonic got those ubiquitous Netflix buttons added to their controls back in the 2nd quarter. The company even partnered with cell phone company SoftBank to easily add the service to users' monthly bills. It's too early to know how well the service is doing, though.

It's suddenly a very crowded marketplace for streaming services in Japan. What's more, it remains to be seen whether the aging Japanese public at large even wants subscription streaming services. The country is famously old fashioned in how it consumes media (they still buy enough CDs to keep Tower Records in business over there). A survey conducted in September by JustSystems showed that, among users of Amazon.co.jp, only 6.3% currently subscribe to a streaming service, while 38.8% knew what they were but weren't interested in them. Another 27.7% didn't know what they were.

You can check out this MyAnimeList forum post, which mentions that you can stream anime for free in Japan, just like you do in other countries, however, you would be better off not downloading it from the torrents, due to the Anti-Downloading Law in Japan.

I think NicoNico can be considered as official for online streaming (similar to Crunchyroll). They sometimes livestream older anime free for all (I watched Natsume Yuujinchou season 4 on there), but for newer anime, I think it's region locked (I can't watch from outside of Japan even with premium account), and I believe they have PPV (pay per view) feature. For more info, you can look at NicoNico's Anime Portal (in Japanese)


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In episode 13, what piece does Kousei play after he plays Liebesleid?
In episode 13, after Kousei played Love's Sorrow, he played this one song on the piano. What is the name of that song? I've been looking for it for the past four hours, but haven't been able to find it.

I'm assuming you're referring to the piece Kousei plays at the very end of the episode; this is the only instance where Kousei plays the piano in ep. 13 after his "Liebesleid" performance. I recognised this as a Chopin composition, possibly a nocturne.
After some searching, I found that this was Nocturne no. 2 in D-flat minor, op. 27. (Score, recording by Eric Lu at the 2015 Chopin Competition.) It should be relatively easy to recognise the piece if you have some prior familiarity with it, since Kousei starts playing at the very beginning.

Originally, I wondered if some other piece (such as "Liebesfreud", which is named in another answer as the piece Kousei plays) might have crept into the soundtrack at some point, perhaps in a flashback or in Kousei's reflections. However, after listening carefully to the soundtrack and checking the "Liebesleid" score and some recordings, I've confirmed that everything we hear during the performance segment is from Rachmaninoff's "Liebesleid". Thus, the only music for piano that we hear being played in this episode is "Liebesleid" and the Chopin nocturne.
Note that what viewers hear is a modified, lengthened version of the Rachmaninoff arrangment. (The soundtrack returns to the beginning of the piece right before the first key change, when we see Kousei underwater. This jump does not exist in the original score. There are similar jumps later, during the flashback with Saki after Kousei has lashed out at her, and when Saki reflects on Kousei.)

That is Sergei Rachmaninoff - Liebesfreud(Kreisler, arr. Rachmaninov).

I have removed a link i believe leads to an site that allows illegal download ingof music as i can search for Gangnam Style from Psy and download it for free and not seeing how Psy is being reimbursed by this when the App Store would charge me to download it

Liebesfreud never appears in the episode in question. Moreover, the only instance where Kousei plays the piano after playing Liebesleid is when he plays the Chopin that I mention in my answer, and at that point, he plays enough of it that it should be fairly recognisable to someone who knows the piece.


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Who are these female anime figures in military-style clothing?

Any help identifying these three female anime figures would truly be appreciated. They look like they are from the same series because they are wearing matching military-style coats. I've been looking for a long time with no leads. Thanks for your help.

They are probably Milfeulle, Forte and Vanila, from Galaxy Angel, but there is something off about the designs, making me unsure...

All three are from the Galaxy Angel Series, in particular the first series featuring the Moon Angel Troop.
The figures themselves I believe come from the Limited Edition of the first volume of the anime (which is totally different from the visual novels).

They are, as Sigfried666 has pointed out, Milfeulle, Forte and Vanilla. You seem to be missing Ranpha (blonde hair) and Mint (blue hair) and you seem to be missing the stands and Forte's hat.
Another interesting point is that Mint's clothes can come off, probably so as to let her cosplay, but I never found any outfits for her aside from her uniform.


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Where is this dark-haired girl in lingerie from?
I'm looking for the source of this girl on this itasha picture I found. I can't see the words on the hood due to the profile aspect of the photo.

Original Google Search

You're looking for the original character Sakurako Mitsuki.

The car seems to a Mitsubishi Lancer Evo VII, in case you're wondering.
That photo was taken at an itasha carshow in the Akihabara UDX parking garage around December of 2012.


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Was SAO originally designed to be community-driven?
Generally in most MMORPGs1 the role of shopkeepers are assigned to pre-programmed NPCs. However in SAO we see Agil and Lisbeth run their own stores.
Was SAO's community-driven nature (i.e. players assume the roles as shopkeepers) a part of the original specification, or did this only occur because Kayaba trapped everyone?

1: There is one recent MMORPG I am aware of that has a player controlled economy where players have to find their own jobs within the game (i.e. farmer, blacksmith, trainer) but I can't remember the name and it is also the only MMORPG I am aware of that does this.

While MMORPGs do usually have shop NPCs, it is important to note that they usually don't sell the best gear. (Or even good gear)
The best gear is either from bosses, random drops, or, from crafting. It seems that in SAO, good gear was made via crafting, as we see when Kirito asks Liz to make him a sword, and they go hunting for materials.
So it seems like it was intended to be community driven, as you could raise skills, and craft, and as it is fairly obvious that not everybody wants to have a high blacksmith skill, as you could always buy it with money you get otherwise.
And you say Igneel, but I think you mean Agil.

Yes sorry i did mean Agil. i watch the English Dub and i must have confused it with Igneel from Fairy Tail (which too i watched in English)


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Is this picture of Oshino Ougi light novel art or fanart?
Is this picture of Oshino Ougi art from the light novels or fanart?
If it is light novel art, which light novel of the monogatari series is it from?
If it is a fanart, does it have anything to do with the light novels (meaning does this scene takes place in the light novels)?

This is an edited version of official art that appeared in the first volume of Owarimonogatari. Full cover taken from Amazon Japan below:

The first volume appears to contain "Ougi Formula", "Sodachi Riddle", and "Sodachi Lost". I haven't read the light novels, but the anime adaptation contains no scene that exactly corresponds to this.
Ougi never appears in a strapless black dress among classroom furniture: her interactions with Araragi take place after school, and thus, she wears the Naoetsu Private High School uniform. However, in the present-day portion of "Ougi Formula", she is locked in an empty classroom with Araragi. (She seems to only appear outside of school in the other stories.) This cover art could perhaps have been created with that setting in mind.

Spot on. The art in the light novel is usually of scenes that don't happen in the story.


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Is Miss Monochrome's voice computer edited?
In the Miss Monochrome anime series, Miss Monochrome is depicted as an android and thus talks like a robot. Is this computer edited or does Horie Yui actually speak like that?

Horie Yui is talented, for sure, but I don't think even she has the capability to make her voice sound that auto-tuned.

Basically everything I've found indicates that she's autotuned, including TVTropes and THEM Anime Reviews. You can hear Horie Yui speaking normally here and Miss Monochrome's autotuned singing here. It's possible to hear some of the autotuning behind her singing.


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Where did Cecianiah Corabelle come from?
The actual name of C.C. or C2 has been a topic on the net because no one besides the author knows it. But for some reason the names "Elizabeth" and "Cecaniah Corabelle" pops up. Now the question is, why Cecaniah Corabelle?
I can understand why "Elizabeth" might be suggested; it was a common name at the time and place in Europe where C.C lived.
But "Cecaniah" is a rather unusual name and I couldn't find it anywhere. So why would she be named Cecaniah Corabelle? Is there anything suggesting such a name?
Where did this theory begin?

Cecania and variations of it is a German female name meaning free/freedom. Cora is of Greek origin meaning maiden, variations of it are Corabella, Corabelle, Corri, etc. There are no sources to corroborate claims of any official name for CC other than her initials.

Is this form the manga?

I believe her first name is white: Cilla
and 2nd name is snow:
Chan,
Chilali,
Chilam,
The reason I believe so is episode 11 when he says her name 3 times then Kallen comes and he says: "Snow is white white snow is pretty". You hear 2 drops of water  and her famous quote  talks about snow and white.  So my conclusion is her name should have white, snow, pretty (snow  white) (white snow)
And I believe it's white snow because I don't think the author will name her snow white.

i don't believe Kallen shows up while they were in the cave and Lelouch's talk about Snow was after he and C.C left, an after comment to C.C's comment about asking if he knew why Snow was white (after Lelouch Geass the JLF Watchman) saying because it's forgotten it's name, like she has. Lelouch's after comment was that despite this Snow is still beautiful (by extension saying C.C is beautiful)


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What characters are these scantily-clad guys cosplaying as?
Possibly NSFW (Contains near nude guys)

Does anybody knows what anime these costumes are from, and what characters they are for? Is this even from an anime?

could be guys cosplaying Nudist Beach organization from Kill la Kill

The anime is from Kill la Kill made by trigger studio.
The guy on the left is Inumata in his nudist beach costume:

The guy on the right is Mikisugi in his nudist beach costume:

It's Kill la Kill. Inumuta (left) and Mikisugi (right).


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In which episode does Kakashi think Naruto is his sensei?
In what episode does Kakashi thinks Naruto is his sensei Minato? Not the one in shuriken training, but the one on battlefield. The song My Name started playing and I remember the scene being so badass.

The episode is #329 of Naruto Shippūden, titled "Two-Man Team". It's manga equivalent is Chapter 571, "Tailed Beast Mode!!". The scene you're referring to is at 08:05.
Kakashi mistakes Naruto to be his former sensei right after Naruto deflects the five Tailed Beast Balls with astonishing speed.
Here's the scene from the manga:


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What was the first anime/manga/light novel to accurately represent Japanese school life?
A common theme in a number of anime/manga/light novels is that the cast are students currently going to school. While some titles use this as a backdrop to show how the cast used to have normal lives before they made to fight in conflicts against aliens/monsters/gods/the military, there are some which just show the cast's daily life in school.
I am wondering: what were the first anime, manga and light novel to accurately represent Japanese school life? Did they ever get any adaptations?

How strict are you going to be with "accurately"? I imagine that most school-themed series are going to have some basis in truth, but for the sake of the work I can't imagine any adaptation being entirely accurate.

Whaaat ? You mean it's not mandatory for every japanese schoolboys to have harem ?

@Makoto well when i said accurately i wanted to filter out any titles where it depicts school life but some of the events are unreal like supernatual encounters. the only examples i can think of which i would call accurate (from my limited understanding) is Toradora, Kimi ni Todoke and Maria Watches Over Us

Oh, so you're looking more for the slice of life aspect of it as opposed to anything else, right?  It doesn't seem like you're interested in pure vanilla since both Toradora and Kimi ni Todoke had extenuating circumstances attached with both of them, but that does make for a decent basis, at least.

@Makoto well i am interested in a pure vanilla example however i don't know what pure vanilla school life would look like. i thought the ones i named were good examples of Japanese school life with some liberates in them

Let me quantify then.  Toradora has a unique circumstance in which the protagonist and deuteragonist meet, and some of their plot-critical interactions would likely not be what you'd find in real life.  Kimi ni Todoke is likely closer to what you're looking for in terms of plot-driven circumstance, so I'll keep my feelers out for any information along those lines.

Bit late but what I found during researching for my answer, I concluded that "Only Yesterday(1991)" and "His and Her Circumstaces(1998-99)" were some anime which portrayed student council accurately. Some recent shows like "The silent voice", "K-On", "Re-Life"(here), "GTO", "Dragon Sakura"(here) did some accurate portrayal.

Also, see this reddit posts for more information: https://www.reddit.com/r/anime/comments/augkal/an_anime_thats_accurate_to_actual_japan_life/

As far as anime go, how about...
The Kabocha Wine (1982)
Not sure if this is accurate enough for you, but it's the first anime about school life that doesn't involve aliens or stuff along those lines that I can think of.


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What anime is this doll from?
Does anyone know what anime this doll is from?

Here is the tag on the doll.

From the tag alone, we can tell this UFO Catcher prize is part of a set from Kaitou Saint Tail. The character is Ruby, Meimi's brown pet hedgehog.


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Did Saber ever learn Eastern fencing styles before meeting Shiro?
I don't play Fate/Stay Night visual novel, but I'm quite a fan of the anime series, mainly because of its historic sense — with those people from the legends and all. However, I've spotted a flaw — albeit not a fatal one — and it bothers me a bit.
In the universe of Fate/Stay Night, Saber is the legendary King Arthur (or rather, Arthuria) Pendragon that comes from Celtic legends. With such a background, I expect her to use a Western fencing style (though the term is not exclusively used in the Western world the way that word means today).
While Arthuria did, in fact, fight with the Western fencing style throughout the anime in all her real battles, I've noticed that, especially in her training with Shiro, she used an Eastern fencing style.
Was it ever explained in the visual novel if she learned the Eastern fencing style before or anything? The age in which she lived in was all but related to the easternmost part of the world.

It is unclear exactly what you are asking, are you asking about her particular sword fighting style?

If you're talking about the DEEN anime, I remember it being pretty ambiguous what style she was actually using when she trained with Shirou, as their training mostly consisted of Saber easily dodging his blows and beating the snot out of him, which doesn't require any particular style, just general combat skill (which Saber has in abundance). Of course they were fighting with kendo shinai, and a seasoned warrior like Saber would probably naturally grip such a long hilt with two hands, but I don't remember the actual techniques looking particularly Eastern.

In the Fate/SN world, heroes learn everything they need to know about about age they were summoned in. Knowledge such as how to operate common machinery, customs, and language are automatically learned during their summoning. As an example, Saber learned how to ride motorcycles in Fate/Zero. Motorcycles did not exist in her age, but she knows how to operate one nevertheless. This is also the reason why there is no language barrier between Saber and Shirou.
As Kendo is a common sport in Japan and a martial art involving swords, Saber could have learned this particular Eastern fencing style as part of the Japanese customs she had to learn from her summoning.

Riding a motorcycle was a consequence of her Ride skill.  When traveling to Japan in Fate/Zero she remarks that, while she was given knowledge of what a plane is (and so is not spooked by it as a magical flying demon machine or whatever), she doesn't know how they work.  But nevertheless she could fly it without problem if need be due to her Ride skill.  The motorcycle was similar: she knew of motorcycles, but her ability to ride them, masterfully in particular, was one of her Servant skills rather than knowledge just given to any Servant.

I'm going to expand my comment on Frosteeze's answer into my own answer.
Servants have special skills and abilities by virtue of their class.  These are granted to them by the grail system, and may give them abilities and skills they did not and could not have possessed in their actual lives/legends.  In-universe this is to help bridge the (vast) cultural and linguistic gaps between summoner and Servant, and to make sure a Servant's capacities aren't ruined because they're scared of the demonic picture box, or can't conduct themselves in society even in the simplest of ways.  Out of universe, this was probably just to make the writing easier and the characters more relatable to the reader.
On the flip side, the class can also restrict the servant: Cu Chulainn would have had greater use of his rune magic as a Caster class, Hercules would have had access to several of his NPs in any class other than Berserker (and would have probably been more powerful as an Archer), etc.  To go on a tangent into the more complicated interactions, Saber's legend includes a mythical spear, so you might expect her to be able to be summoned as Lancer, but due to the overwhelming association of her to Excalibur (both in her own mind and in legends), she can only ever be summoned as Saber.
In Fate/Zero we see several instances of this from Saber.
The first is when she is boarding a plane to Japan with Irisviel.  She explains to Iri that she is aware of what a plane is and is not alarmed by it. The grail provides her with this information to give her the fundamentals of the time and area of the war she is summoned for.  This is also why she and every other Servant speaks fluent Japanese, incidentally.  Or why Rider has no issues with reading Japanese texts, despite it being questionable at best if she would have even been literate in any language in her myth.  But more importantly is what she says immediately after that.  While she knows what a plane is, she has no idea exactly how it works or even how one would fly it.  Nevertheless, she knows that as soon as she sits in the pilot seat she would would have zero problems flying it expertly.  This is due to her Ride skill: it lets her "ride" or "pilot" anything up to a certain degree of mystery, and her rank B in particular easily includes non-magical transports such as planes and motorcycles.  She also expertly rides a super-charged performance motorcycle later on in Fate/Zero.
The Saber class also has intrinsic sword skills, and they will work in the same way: the grail will provide them knowledge of how to use their "sword" up to the proficiency level dictated by their skill.  In the vast majority of cases (except, say, Zero Lancelot), a servant would only ever use their Noble Phantasms or other weapons that came with them at the summoning.  As such, while Saber probably was not provided with intrinsic knowledge of actual kendo combat--though as part of the generic cultural information she probably knew what it was in basic terms, what a shinai looked like, etc.--, she was granted expert level proficiency with the style from simply holding a shinai.
Fake Assassin (and even True Assassin) also has weapon skills, and in Fake Assassin's case they exceed Saber's.  You might note how well Fake Assassin handles Saber, despite her fighting in a foreign style with an obfuscated weapon.   And similarly for how Saber handles a foreign opponent with what should be an unfamiliar style.  This is probably part of the standard trope of legendary fighters being able to read their opponents and know their fighting style after just a few exchanges, and would be encapsulated by the weapon skill involved.


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Can you manipulate someone's thoughts with the death note?
So let's say I write:

Bob Shneizel Car Accident. Forgets where he lives, and then thinks about how awesome he is. Then he gets killed in a car accident at 9:30.

Would that (manipulating someone's thoughts via what I write) work?

I'll expand my earlier comment, which is basically: yes, thought manipulation is possible to some extent.
In Death Note, we see Naomi Misora get killed by Light via the following:

Commits suicide in such a way that nobody will be inconvenienced and her body will not be discovered. Dies by implementing this plan within 48 hours.

Thus, Light essentially manipulates Naomi Misora into planning a suicide -- she is not merely someone who receives a heart attack, and unlike some of the other instances (e.g. the bus hijacking case, where the actions of the victim are largely dictated by Light himself), it is clear that she isn't entirely an automaton whose actions do not involve any conscious thinking (since it's up to her to fill up the gap's in the DN's plan for her death).
Thus, thought manipulation in the sense of exercising some control over someone's thought processes via the Death Note are possible. The death note doesn't only control someone's body (which is about as much as we can infer from the other incidents).
However, this would presumably be restricted via the same mechanism the deaths are restricted (i.e. people cannot die via physically impossible means, and they cannot be instructed to do things they are incapable of doing). With mind control there might be slightly more flexibility, but it would seem impossible, for instance, to write:

Average three-year-old child dies by choking to death after thinking about topological spaces and game theory.

There might be more flexibility with emotions, but that doesn't cover other types of thoughts, and some thoughts would be entirely impossible.

My take on this, is that it could be possible, but not to much use.
Based on the content shown in the series, you can only specify his cause of deaths, and the events leading up to it.
But since it would all result in death regardless, and the victim seems to be able to do nothing when they run out predefined actions.
However, it is shown that the book can order people to commit suicide. The look on people's faces seems a bit like they are aware they will end their own lives soon, so maybe it is possible, in extention.
Only thing I can say with certain, is that you would need to give it a try:
From How to Use: VI

The specific scope of the condition for death is not known to the gods
  of death, either. So, you must examine and find out.


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What is this manga with a lion on its cover?
I saw this manga in a local bookstore but its name was completely in Hapanese. I'm curious about it and want to google it except for the fact that I dont know what the name even is. Has anyone seen it before, or can anyone tell what the title says?

http://myanimelist.net/manga/76563/Jasmin

This is volume 1 of「ヤスミーン」(Yasumiin), written as "Jasmin" in English letters, authored by the mangaka Hatake Yui (畑 優以). It is published by Shuueisha (株式会社集英社) under its Young Jump Comics (ヤングジャンプコミックス) line.
It is available to read for free online as an e-book on Shuueisha's official website.


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Who is this brown-haired witch on a broomstick?
I wasn't able to contact the owner of this product, but would anyone be able to tell me who the character is/what they're from? It would be much appreciated! Thank you!!

Sakamaki Laito from "Diabolik Lovers": he is wearing the same suit and the the same look on his face also same hair color and eye color. I couldn't find this keychain anywhere but if you look up his name there is the same image on tumblr (he is a boy and a vampire by the way) this must be a Halloween costume. Anyway here is his image on zerochan :)

To confirm your answer: the same keychain is sold in this website, where the name of the character (逆巻ライト) appear.

This could be Alice, from Mahō Shōjotai Arusu (or Magical Girl Squad, or Tweeny Witches). However, there are some obvious differences between the image in the question and Alice in the anime. I'm not sure if these stem from a stylistic choice on the part of the artist who made the product, or if I am wrong about who this is meant to be. As of Mimo's answer, I can confirm I was definitely wrong.


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Why didn't anyone question how Misa Misa killed Kaneboshi?
In episode 21, Misa Misa killed Kaneboshi with the help of Rem. Why didn't anyone question how she did it? Or did everyone assumed Higuchi did it?

They don't know she did it. Misa never mentioned Kaneboshi and it would be impossible to link the death to her.

At this point of the anime, L et Light don't know who is Kira, they only know that he is working at Yotsuba.
First of all, when she's passing an interview with the members of Yotsuba, when going at toilets, Rem make Misa touch a piece of the Death Note so Misa can see her and reveals her who is Kira.

So only Misa knows who is Kira at this moment, so there's no reason why they would have placed micros or cameras on Higuchi's car.
Then, Misa decides to make Kira reveal himself. She swaps her clothes with a friend so Mogi can't stop her. The date with Higuchi was not planned by the detective team so they couldn't put recording devices on the car.
In the same episode, when Matsuda says "We should maybe put a micro on her", implying they don't usually do it.
So what's happening in the car is not recorded by L & Light.
At 20m30, we can see that Misa activates recording device :

There's even a little bip noise indicating that it is starting to record.
The only part that is recorded is that

Higuchi will stop killing people in order to prove that he is Kira so he can marry Misa.

The death of Kaneboshi isn't mentionned. As said earlier in the episode, Kaneboshi was known to be a bad guy. His death isn't unusual and there's no reason why it would have been noted by the detective team.

If you didn't watch it, then how do you know this?

Didn't watch in a while -> since a long moment*

It would be most helpful and appreciated if you would take a moment of your time and verify the facts that you've stated.

@ʞɹɐzǝɹ I've added a lot of content on my answer, please consider reading it :)


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Why did Lelouch erase Shirley's memories of him?
We all know that Lelouch erased Shirley's memories of him, during the Mao case. But why? Couldn't he just have erased her memories of him being Zero, instead of erasing all memories about him?

The affair with Shirley comes to a head in episode 14, when Shirley tries to shoot Lelouch after being manipulated by Mao.
Shirley fails but is still wracked by guilt, having shot Villetta Nu earlier and presumed her to be dead. In the ensuing exchange, Lelouch tries to comfort her by telling her that her actions are his responsibility. However, regardless of how seriously Shirley takes this assertion, she is still troubled by her knowledge that Lelouch was responsible for her father's death (which occurs in episode 12) and by the fact that she has a crush on Lelouch.
Lelouch then attempts to comfort her by saying, despite Shirley's protests:

Don't worry. It's time to forget all the bad things that have happened to you. [. . .] I'll help you forget all of this.

Thus, the most reasonable interpretation of Lelouch's erasure of Shirley's memory shouldn't be that it is a safety measure to ensure that no one knows that he is Zero. Rather, he is also trying to reduce Shirley's suffering, by making her forget him altogether.
That Lelouch cares for Shirley on some level, and thus, isn't just making up what he says to her, seems to be illustrated by both his reaction to the events of episode 12 and in the second season:

 By his failed attempts to save the dying Shirley.

Lelouch is unaware that Viletta is on his tail because she had vague memories of him because it took him a while to successfully geass her.
Because of that he has no clue how Shirley figured out he was Zero or why she was in the harbor during episode 13.
Since he doesn't know those things he figured it would be safest to erase ALL memories relating to him, and not just the specific knowledge that he was Zero, because as far as he knew Shirley could just figure it out again, but by erasing ALL Lelouch related memories he was certain that whatever it was that put Shirley on the right path was gone.

authors: لمى الزهراني


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How exactly does the Sword of Akasha work?
It has been said that its purpose is to kill gods, but how can it kill gods, or a god? I watched the episode, but I just don't understand it.

It seems like you missed (or did not get it yet, I am not sure when this is explained) what gods stand for.

 The Gods is the term referring to the "collective human unconsciousness", C's World, which is the source of the individual identities for all humans, living and dead throughout the Code Geass Universe.

How it works never really was explained as far as I know. Nobody knows how it was build either. but was 'accidentally' found by the British empire, and is exclusively owned by the emperor Charles.
So all with all it is.

 It is a weapon to destroy CHU, C's world, and with that destroying the geass and its powers all together, and all humans unconsciousness


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Ciel and Elizabeth after episode 12 of the second season?
Do Elizabeth Midford and Ciel Phantomhive stay together even after Ciel turns into a demon in Season 2 episode 12?

At the end of that episode, it was shown that Ciel went to leave his mansion along with Sebastian. Sebastian then jumped off a cliff with Ciel on his arms. Considering this, it is very likely that Ciel didn't stay together with Elizabeth. He left her (dumped her, whatever you call that) to go with Sebastian, possibly to the underworld, considering the settings of the manga and anime.
Ciel left a card saying that he died to all his friends (Prince Soma, Undertaker, Greill Sutcliffe).

He was then seen princess carried by Sebastian in a flowery field and the sound effect suggests that they jumped of the cliff.

He never had a genuine emotional connection with her and they were never together in the first place, so it's not like he loves her and wants to stay by her side. He cared about her but it's clear he never intended to marry her, particularly as he knew he would die sooner than that. After getting turned into a demon, he decides to start an entirely new life. He gives Lizzy the last dance as a gift and that's it. Ciel never had romantic feelings for her, so I can't see why he would decide to return from hell, where he and Sebastian headed, to reunite with her. It'll be easier for her, too: they were always incompatible but now Ciel can't even die, so she'd be unable to have a normal life with him anyway.

Please include relevant sources/references.

authors: Бектур Муратов


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What song is playing 12 minutes into episode 13 of Code Geass R1?
What song is playing 12 minutes into episode 13 in the first season of Code Geass?

The song is titled Stories, sung by Hitomi Kuroishi (黒石ひとみ).
More details about it is here:
http://codegeass.wikia.com/wiki/Stories
Here is the youtube link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PN0fkr2XoCM


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Chaos;Head, Steins;Gate, Robotics;Notes: where is all the extra information?
To make it short:
I watched all three anime adaptations, but after browsing the questions here for 5 minutes I feel like I don't know anything about them...
Where is all this extra information hidden?
(More specific question:)
I am searching for information about 2 things.

"Hidden" information which is only for one story.
"Hidden" information which is cross-story (at least two stories "combined")

Now I'll specify what I mean with that.

(This example is not related to the stories in the title.) For example, something like the real name of L (from Death Note).
Something like "What is DaSH?"

I do NOT want you to list all the secrets and easter-eggs! I only want to know where, and (maybe) how to find them. If there are manga with extra information, please give me the title. Or if there are articles on the internet about it, please give me a link.
(I know that there are visual novels for all the stories listed in the title. I'm going to watch/read/play them soon.)

Please be more specific about what you are asking. General, open-ended question are bad.

All three of these stories were originally visual novels before they were animated. The visual novels are significantly longer and contain a lot more information than was shown in the corresponding anime. Does that answer your question?

@senshin Okay, so the VNs contain everything not shown in the Anime?

@user15266 For the most part. There are also some other spinoffs (at least, I know that Steins;Gate has something like half a dozen manga / light novel sidestories), but the bulk of the information that isn't in the anime is in the visual novels.

Reopening the question since OP has clarified what s/he's looking for. Related question (which I know OP has already seen; just adding for completeness): http://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/4354/

@senshin I disagree. I believe the scope is too broad and border on gameplay if it includes the games in it's scope. Please try to make an active effort to be in chat to discuss this.

As your question is right now, it is too broad because there's too much detail to cover all at once. Please consider breaking it down into three question about each particular series. Use the visual novels as you primary source of reference as it is the most canonical and authoritative source.

As said by senshin in his comments the Chaos;Head, Steins;Gate and Robotic;Notes anime series are adaptions of Visual Novels. bellow is a list of the corresponding games on VNDB (Visual Novel Database)

Chaos;Head
Steins;Gate
Robotic;Notes

From each of those links you can also find links to the anime and other games based off each of these. however not all of these one would consider canon and most times these would have [Unofficial] in their title or have Fan-Fiction as a tag, ie. Steins;gate Divergence. As senshin has said

The visual novels are significantly longer and contain a lot more information than was shown in the corresponding anime

This obviously because of time constraints on Anime being set to go on for a set number of episodes of certain length (normally between ~12 and ~24 episodes ~20 minutes long Excluding OP and ED). multiple seasons of a series are normally either done based on popularity of the previous season or planned because it is foretasted that the previous season will sell well (as with Fate/Zero and Fate/Stay Night: Unlimited Blade Works).
Another source of information is also Art/Material Books such as the Steins;Gate Official Material Collection Book. these tend to have a bit more information that may not have originally been in the Visual Novels. in my experience large series tend to have these to fill in some plot holes, for instance in the Nasuverse (Fate/Stay Night, Tsukihime etc.) the Material Books go into depth about the 27 Dead Apostle Ancestors, the on-goings between the Church and the Mage's Association and the Aylesbury Valesti which is theorized to have been the cause of the Prana drying up in the world in Fate/Extra.
Also on occasion at conventions some writers/developers hold Q&A Sessions where fans can ask them a number of questions. these can sometimes also been included in Material Books.
However most of the time this extra information is in Japanese, for English fans who don't know Japanese this can be a barrier when the work isn't translated. for instance while Chaos;Head and Steins;Gate have English translations, both fan made and official, Robotic;Notes does not and the likely hood of a fan translation of it is very unlikely due to the game being on Console.
in these situations a Wiki (normally a Wikia site) tends to be a good source of information. however one need to be careful as sometimes there are two Wikias for one game however one can normally tell which is of inferior quality. also despite the 3 titles mentioned being apart of the The Science Adventure series (科学ＡＤＶ, Kagaku Adobenchaa) there is three separate wikias. sometimes however you may get lucky with a series which has a single wiki (eg. Type-Moon1, Final Fantasy2)
Ofcause one should take heed with Wikia's as these tend to not normally be maintained by the developers. a good sign that a Wikia is reliable is what kind of References it has, on the Type-Moon Wikia information gained from Q&A sessions will be included most of the time in both Japanese and in English

1: Titles include Fate/Stay Night, Tsukihime, Kagetsu Tohya, Melty Blood, Kara no Kyoukai, Notes, etc.
2: Titles include the Final Fantasy games (I - XV, Tactics, Crystal Chronicles), Vagrant Story, Bravery Default, The Four Heroes of Light, etc.


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Are there conditions to whether Yozuru Kagenui walks on the ground or not?
During the Tsukihi Phoenix Arc of Nisemonogatari Yozuru Kagenui is seen not touching the ground. When she first meets Araragi and asks him directions to the cram school, she's standing on benches, and when she goes to leave, she jumps from bench to bench.
When she and Yotsugi Ononoki go to attack Tsukihi at the Araragi's house she is at first standing on the fence. When Tsukihi is seemingly killed by Ononoki she jumps on top of Araragi, pinning him to the ground, but she still stays off of it herself. When she and Ononoki go to leave, she is standing on Ononoki's finger as Ononoki walks away.
But when Araragi and Shinobu fight the two of them in the cram school she is walking on the ground. I am wondering if there is a pattern or condition to when she walks on the ground and when she doesn't?

IIRC, it is curse, she told about it to Araragi , here the ground may be road or ground that is just above crust, not just the floor

indeed it was due to a curse that was revealed later in the series. http://bakemonogatari.wikia.com/wiki/Yozuru_Kagenui

Slight spoilers for Tsukimonogatari
It is explained that Kagenui (and another character specific to Tsukimonogatari) had a curse put onto them which prevents them from touching the ground. There's little-to-no mention as to what happens if Kagenui ever does touch the ground, but either way, with the amount of dedication she takes to never stepping on it, it seems to be something relatively serious.
If I remember correctly, this curse was put onto her and the other character for their work on bringing Ononoki into being (as in, in the form she is now).
About her walking on the floor of the cram school ruins, I'd say it's probably because it's the floor of a building, not the actual ground. She's able to walk on structures built on the ground, just not the ground itself.


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What is the song that plays when the results of the failed transmutation are dug up?
Does anyone know what's the name of the song that plays in FMA Brotherhood when Ed and Pinako dig up the corpse of the failed transmutation during rain?
Here you can hear the song more clearly from the minute 9:25 to 10:03.
I can't find it on Shazam or on Youtube :(

It's FMA Brotherhood OST 2 - Anticipation: this is a link to the full track.


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If some of the higher-ups know about Oscar's gender, why is she still permitted to be in the Royal Guard?
In the first episode of Rose of Versailles, we see the patriach of the Jarjayes family designate his newborn daughter as his son and name her Oscar, because he is in desperate need of an heir to his office and his offspring only consist of daughters. Thus, it looks like a woman would not be normally regarded as an appropriate candidate for military duties. This makes sense combined with the gender roles alluded to in the first two episodes:

Girodelle initially refuses to duel Oscar on account of gender
Later he makes mention of "womanly whims" when she disappears in the second episode
The Jarjayes housekeeper laments that Oscar isn't treated like a daughter and hopes when she refuses to become an officer that she is doing so because she wants to be a woman.

However, both in this episode and the one that follows, it is shown that Oscar's gender is more or less an open secret: at least three people outside of the Jarjayes household know of it.

Girodelle (see above)
The woman who tells Marie Antoinette about Oscar while she is going to Versailles
The man whom Jarjayes talks to who proposes the duel between Girodelle and Oscar, although he tells Jarjayes that it's fine that Oscar is a woman

Given that a number of outsiders are aware of Oscar's gender, is there any in-universe reason why Oscar is still permitted to take on masculine roles, if being female was supposed to be an impediment in the first place? Or is everything fine and dandy provided that Oscar does not appear overtly feminine and so long as the average person isn't aware of it? After all, Marie Antoinette, Fersen, and Rosalie are unaware of Oscar's gender until they are told of it.

For what it's worth, I glimpsed a "spoiler" -- I'm only a quarter of my way through the series -- with some mention of Girodelle later becoming Oscar's fiance, which makes things even odder. In any case, I'm mostly looking for either confirmation of my hypothesis (that it's fine as long as the average person sees Oscar as male) or a refutation (e.g. that there's no real answer because Oscar's treatment is inconsistent with the rest of her environment), with some details to match.

For a woman to be candidate for military duties is impossible in France at the time of Marie Antoinette.
So if it was really knew that she was a woman, she would certainly be killed for betraying.
From that, you can only believe that if people know about her and don't tell about it is only because they don't want her discovered/dead, or maybe someone higher up is protecting her.
Also, people at that time loved gossips. If you knew some real good informations you were seen as someone with lot of influence so maybe they're keeping from revealing it for a better time ...


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In the Tsubasa Cat arc, when did Hachikuji meet Shinobu?
In the Tsubasa Cat arc, I remember Hachikuji saying that she saw Shinobu at Mister Donuts and she ran away.
When did Hachikuji meet Shinobu? As far as I remember, Hachikuji never met her, except in Kabukimonogatari.

I think that they never actually met, but Koyomi probably mentioned Shinobu at some point, and a little blonde girl in a pilot's cap in the middle of Japan is a pretty weird thing to see, so Mayoi surmised that it was the same person. Just speculating, though.

That seems logical. What Hachikuji said to Araragi seems pretty vague. She just said that she saw Shinobu at Mister Donuts. And that she ran away. I guessed that the second sentence is because she can sense people who ran away because she is somewhat connected to that. But what alerted me is what she said first. She suddenly mentioned Shinobu so I was curious when did she met her.

We don't see that happening but before the fight with Hanekawa, Araragi checks Mister Donut since Mayoi says she saw her in there. Because of this Araragi goes there and cant find Shinobu regardless but it is safe to assume that Shinobu hides in Araragi's shadow when he enters and the events of last arc happens.
I can also prove this with another arc in Monogatari Second Season. Spoilers!

 In Mayoi Jiangshi arc Mayoi was never able to see Shinobu thus causing the death of Araragi since she, Shinobu, wasn't able to sneak Araragi's shadow.

Since we know this fact we can say it happened on the same day.

you can hide spoilers by using >!

Edited accordingly.


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How many weeks are there in a One Piece year?
During the time-skip Luffy was sent to Rusukaina to train with Rayleigh. When they arrive Rayleigh introduces the island as follows.

Rusukaina is home to the "48 seasons", a brutal island where the climate changes once a week.

This quote makes me wonder about the number of weeks in a year in One Piece. One would expect there to be 52 weeks as there are in our human world. So what about in the One Piece world? Are there 48 weeks in a year, 52 weeks in a year, or maybe a different number?

that sounds like it is 48 but may not be, we also divide year by (mostly) 4 season and have 52 weeks but every month have 4 weeks and remaining days which when add all it will be 52, so to confirm it, we should know how time is calculated in one piece universe, how many days 1 week have and so on, it is interesting question

I believe it was mentioned somewhere that the Grand Line time flow was convoluted, wish I remembered where exactly.

It sounds a hell of a lot better than "The 52.17857142-repeating seasons, or sometimes more on leap years".

@personabove they could have said 52 weeks instead of 48 obviously. The leap from 52.179 to 48 is not completely obvious to me.

I don't know but Oda as some sort of thing for punny numerology that i don't understand as I don't speak Japanese.  Also he probably has some idea what those seasons are.  If they are in a highly symmetric pattern, 48 has alot more factors to facilitate symmetry than 52.  That number probably came from one of those. It is unclear if it spreads to the whole world.

I'm going to go out on a limb, and suggest that "once a week" is not precise. Most people would find it more convenient than "once every 7.6 days" or worse "every 1.1 weeks".
While it would be interesting to have complicated shenanigans, and I have no definitive proof that there aren't any, I think it's more just quick communication.

That would make sense if it would indeed be every 7.6 days (was this mentioned somewhere?) But Oda could have given it as many seasons as he wanted. So why did he choose for 48 specifically (or one season per 7.6 days as you said) and not 52 as I would have expected.


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Could you avoid to die due to the death note if you have no heart in your body?
Death note states that if there's no other way a person would die due to a heart attack, but what if when you should die via the death note you have no heart? And no, that's not a silly question, there's a machine used for heart tranplant surgery called extracorporeal circulation system that acts as a sort of heart for the person in which the surgery is being performed on while it's done. So, technically speaking if your name where to be written you could not die due to a heart attack, unless that by heart we would also consider that machine, although this is a bit far fetched. Then if you get another heart or put yours back you have avoided the death note effect, and at this point it has failed to its own rules. From this point I'm not sure what would happen.
I don't think something like that was covered either in the anime or the manga, although I think it would have been an interesting concept to explore, as they could have experimented with that if they wished, but maybe the author explained how things would be like in a case like this one in an interview.
Is there any official explanation or any thing I missed that would give an answer to my question?
Thanks.

Of course, if the Death Note user knows that Joe Sixpack is on an extracorporeal circulation machine and the Death Note doesn't count this as a heart, the user can just write "Joe Sixpack. Extracorporeal circulation machine fails due to faulty schmobulator circuit."

Man! Why would anyone want to kill a person already on a Extracorporeal circulation machine??!! Makes no sense to kill a guy who is already useless(I meant 'harmless'). Would have been a different case if the guy was Dr. Charles Xavier! Lol

@Torisuda I think OP meant, what would happen if the death note defaulted back to heart attack. For example in the case where an impossible cause of death was written down. Would the person just stay alive despite being written down in the DN?


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What's the meaning of "collection of unpaid tabs" in Tsukimonogatari episode 3?
In episode 3 of Tsukimonogatari, Araragi said "It's not that uncommon for the collection of unpaid tabs to all come at once lately."
I checked another set of subtitles, and found that those gave "Lately, it isn't so strange that a bunch of unpaid tabs come knocking all at once though."
Honestly, I'm confused and not sure "unpaid tabs" means. Is it a joke of some kind or what?
I'd like some help and explanation, thanks.

At a bar, you can put something 'on your tab', which is a way of saying you'll pay it later (usually next time you come to the bar) which when you do pay later, can be known as 'collecting a tab'
What Araragi is saying is that all the things he has been putting off have come back looking for resolution at the same time.

A big plot point of Tsukimonogatari revolves around the fact that Araragi has been dipping into his vampire abilities ever since the events of Kizumonogatari that turned him into this half-vampire, half-human... although more human than vampire.
You've seen him using his vampire abilities throughout the series so far, such as when Hitagi staples the inside of his cheek or he fights the monkey spirit possessing Suruga in Bakemonogatari, and when he fights against Kagenui in Nisemonogatari. These are just a few examples.
Every single one of these times, this human was drawing from these inhuman abilities to perform inhuman things. In the time of this story that Tsukimonogatari takes place, it became apparent to Kagenui and Ononoki that this was a problem. If he continued to draw upon these vampire powers like that, it's likely that he could turn into something no longer human.
This is the basis of his "unpaid tabs" line. As Toshinou Kyouko says in their answer, a "tab" refers to a running bill at a bar. At a bar, you can choose to not pay for your drinks, and instead leave a "tab" that you will pay at a later point. Here, the "unpaid tabs" are all the times he used vampire powers. However, at some point, these tabs do need to be paid - namely, with his humanity.
Basically said, it's Araragi (and Nisioisin, the original novel's author) using a metaphor.


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Oreki and Chitanda's relationship in the anime Hyouka
I can't stop thinking  of  what happens between Oreki and Chitanda after the last episode of the anime. Does  anyone  know what happens in the 5th volume of the manga, with regards to Oreki and Chitanda?

Do you mean the 5th volume of the novels? The 5th manga volume is just the second half of the movie arc.

Been wondering exactly the same thing, Lovely anime with a lovely story, but the ending keeps me puzzling. I really want them to be together, but the anime ended rather unclear about the "romance" between the two.

Hyouka anime and manga is actually based on the light novel series named ‘Classic literature club’.  The manga adaptation haven’t even caught up to the anime ( please update me when it does ) . However, in the light novel their relationship is progressing with similar pace as in the anime. None have till now confessed their feeling to oneself or to each other. Oreki seems way more comfortable around Chitanda though.

no it is part of said franchise series, not based on it.

It may be in the future they may become girlfriend and boyfriend due to how their relationship was so i think that's my answer but i don't think they'll get married yet maybe in a couple years time they will but i guess only time will tell

Welcome to Anime & Manga! We appreciate your contribution, but pure opinion/speculation answer is discouraged. Instead, please [edit] and try to back up the answer by providing supporting sources/references. Thank you.


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What is the background story of Hatsune Miku?
I do understand it is a fictional character, and so I feel there must be a story behind this virtual Diva. I am interested in learning "how" Hatsune Miku became interested in singing.

AFAIK there is none. It was all left to the fans community to decide.

Sure, Hatsune Miku does not appear in an anime, but she exists firmly within the "anime-o-sphere", however you construe that. The meta post you linked to is very old (like, two days after the site was created) and does not really reflect current consensus about how inclusive we should be with regard to peripheral anime-related topics (cf. Touhou, KanColle before the anime, and so forth). As such, I'm unilaterally reopening this question.

@KousakaKirino I sure woule like to know any details that I can get my hands on.

@SakuraiTomoko If the fans are allowed to decide, I am sure we would have seen atleast a few spinoffs published over the web. But my search so far has been elusive of such information.

@Mindwin, since there are manga that have been published which use the character of Hatsune Miku as the protagonist, she is on-topic for this SE (as compared to questions about vocaloid software, which are off-topic).  (^_~)

As is the case with most vocaloids, the company that invented 初音ミク (Hatsune Miku), Crypton Future Media, released an official personal data sheet for Miku; however, this contains her physical and technical traits rather than personality or back story, which intentionally allows the fans to take a role in developing the characterization of the character.  She is referred to as a "beloved collaboratively constructed cyber celebrity with a growing user community across the world." Some fans have been allowed to create officially-sponsored costumes for Miku through a design competition for the Sapporo Yuki Matsuri (Snow Festival).  It could be said that the clothing design becomes a part of the character's personality (i.e. this is the sort of fashion that Miku would wear).
『メーカー非公式 初音みっくす』 (Meekaa Hikoushiki Hatsune Mikkusu) is a manga about Hatsune Miku which ran in『月刊コミックラッシュ』(Gekkan Comic Rush) magaizine published by ジャイブ株式会社 (JIVE Ltd.). It is licensed in North America by Dark Horse Comics under the title Hatsune Miku: Unofficial Hatsune Mix.
『週刊はじめての初音ミク』 (Shuukan Hajimete no Hatsune Miku) is a yonkoma gag manga that ran in 『週刊ヤングジャンプ』(Shuukan Young Jump) magazine published by 集英社 (Shuueisha).
Additionally, some mangaka of 『りぼん』(Ribon) shoujo manga magazine published by Shuueisha have drawn illustrations of Miku that were included in a 付録 (furoku = freebie) included with an issue of the magazine, and on some special pages printed in the magazine.
Each of these portrayals have different aspects and storylines for Miku, in keeping with the collaborative, undefined nature of vacaloid characters. There is no one background story for Miku. Crypton intentionally encourages fans to create their own songs, music videos, visual novels, doujinshi, fanfiction, fanart, etc. and basically anything is fair game; portrayals that strike a chord with many fans rise in popularity, where fans adopt another fan creator's rendition of Miku into their own image of her character. Miku is who each person wants her to be, which includes limitless options for coming up with her backstory.

Miku is a product. She is made to sing, she has no other purpose in life but to sing. Before being a singing superstar, she didn't exist.
Miku has a version number, she is character version 01 of the singing software Vocaloid. Her tattoo is much like a serial number on a factory product. Factory products don't have back-stories :(

If Miku did have a background story, it would probably be fan-driven and non-canon, as the creators of Miku & Co left their stories purposefully open so that creators could write their own stories - Similarly, they didn't mention what style of music Miku likes or what her aspirations in life are.

Like I said in the comment, official background story for Hatsune Miku doesn't exist. Like pointed by @seijitsu in his answer, Crypton Future Media released only his physical and technical traits. This applies to most other Vocaloids too if not all.
There are various stories about Hatsune Miku on the net. She even have 2 visual novels namely, Mirai no Kimi to, Subete no Uta ni and Mirai no Uta to, Tsunagaru Hitomi. If I remember correctly, one tells about how she got interested in singing. Those visual novels, however, are not official story from Crypton. They are fan made stories released on Comiket.
Depiction of Miku's personal item (ultimate weapon?) the Leek (in Western community) or Negi (in Japanese community) is also based on fan-made videos. It started from the song "Ievan Polka", which is a composer-made song, not a song from Crypton.
You can try checking Nico Nico Douga to find videos of Hatsune Miku daily conducts made with MMD. It has story of her and other Vocaloids like the Kagamine twins, Luka, and Kaito.


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What's this anime with kids jumping off a roof and then hovering over the ground?
All I can remember is that there was a girl riding a scooter/bicycle and she witnesses kids jumping off a roof to see who can get closer to the ground and just before they hit the ground they stop and hover. I can't remember anything else; it was about 8-10 years ago.

That sounds like the "Beyond" segment of the anthology The Animatrix.

"Beyond" is written and directed by Kōji Morimoto. It follows a teenage girl, Yoko (Hedy Burress), looking for her cat Yuki. While asking around the neighborhood, indicatively somewhere in Japan, she meets some younger boys. One of them tells her Yuki is inside a "haunted house" and invites her to see it.
The children have stumbled across an amalgamation of anomalies within an old, dilapidated building. They have learned to exploit this glitch in the Matrix for their own enjoyment, through several areas which seem to defy real-world physics: glass bottles reassemble after being shattered, rain falls from a sunny sky, broken lightbulbs flicker briefly (during which they seem intact), a door which opens into an endless dark void, shadows which do not align with their physical origins, and a dove's feather that rotates rapidly in place in mid-air. There is a large open space in the middle of the run-down building where they take turns jumping off a high point and falling towards the ground, yet somehow stopping inches before impact. This proves amusing and they do not seem to be bothered by the inherent strangeness of the place.

Here it is on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tBJe53IA9DE

authors: yy4408嫩叶研究室_yy4408嫩叶研究室无跳转入口

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Doesn't the rule "When two Teigu users battle, one is guaranteed to die" create plot holes?
Unmarked Spoilers.

There are several fights in the second half of the anime between Teigu users who both walk away alive after the battle. The rule that was established,

namely, that if two Teigu users fight each other, one of them is guaranteed to die,

seems to create many plot holes. (The list is of examples and is not supposed to be exhaustive.)

Wave and Tatsumi fight (actually Wave beats Tatsumi)
Leone and Run in the royal palace.
Bols vs Leone and Akame
Kurome vs Leone and Mine

Is this the case, or is there some reason given in the anime that explains this apparent contradiction?

It's either an over-exaggeration to show that the Teigu are powerful weapons, or it's meant for a "serious" fight, i.e. a fight to the death (duh!).

Well, technically all of them die except for Akame in the anime... so it kind of works.

@SecretEvilRadio I was expecting some explanation of that rule in the context of the fights mentioned.

@FatalSleep Then the rule could be written as "When two teigu users fight, none of them can become immortal" - And indeed there are no immortals humans in that universe

You're being too literal.  You're hearing "when two Teigu users fight, one of them dies" and assuming that this is an infallible statement of an inviolable rule of the universe.  That's silly.  If you consider the actual context of when this statement is made, or just be less literal about it, you'd realize the statement is merely saying "these things can be pretty lethal when used to that end, and similarly for the people who possess them".  In even shorter terms: "they're powerful, dude!"
Consider some similar examples:
"Two men enter, only one man leaves!" ... and then the other one leaves a little later and less happy.
"There can be only one." ... unless we simply resolve to leave each other alone.  Also, are we aliens, or what, because there's probably lots of us if so.
"One ring to rule them all." ... but utterly fail to have any usable power over the majority of those it was supposed to rule.
"The greatest sword ever forged." ... because we have totally measured all swords across all history and agreed upon an uncontroversial and objective measurement of greatness for said swords.  Also we clearly defined what a sword is ahead of time, so this is not an ambiguous statement.
"You pay for the whole seat, but you'll only need the edge!"
None of these things are literally true and inviolable and any violation of them in a story is not a plot hole.  Indeed, their violation in stories is usually the entire point.  It demonstrates how the characters are not infallible, and the heroes and top-tier villains need to demonstrate how amazing they are by overcoming them.  They are either statements of potent intent (Sauron wanted the ring to rule them all, but Dwarves didn't care and Elves were too savvy and resistant), or statements to underscore the gravity of the situation (the Thunderdome is serious business, so best get amped).
Now, constant violation of the statement can take the edge off of something.  If you routinely find yourself needing far more than the edge of your seat, you will become inured to statements to the contrary.  You may have expected Teigu fights to be routinely deadly and brutal, but if you see several things to the contrary you will start taking the matter less seriously.  This would be a flaw in story structure (or the reader/viewer just being jaded), but not a plot hole.