text:
After the conclusion of his last fight, is Kisuke Urahara dead?
He doesn't appear in the final chapter of Bleach but that shouldn't necessarily mean he's dead, right?

he's the former Captain of Squad 10 and thus a former Soul Reaper, thus he's been technically "dead" from the start of the series

Ok, I want to know if he redied then, this time for good. Shinigami are shown to die many times.

Stop being a smart ass (Memor-X). Anyways nobody knows at this point. I'm guessing he's either dead or just stuck. Only kubo can tell us now.

The official status of Urahara is Unconfirmed. While the evidence seems to indicate that he died with Yoruichi and Grimmjow trapped in Askin's Gift Ball, Kubo also gave them a way out. Nel was watching the battle from outside and later decides to attempt a rescue attempt.
Wiki sums this up pretty nicely, but this is the last we see of these characters.

After being impaled once more by Grimmjow, who suddenly buckles alongside Urahara, Askin reveals that the power of his Gift Ball Deluxe magnifies upon his death. As Askin decides to forgo the speech about lethality, Urahara and his Bankai collapse as Urahara apologizes for leaving everything to Ichigo Kurosaki and Rukia Kuchiki

Wiki:Kisuke Urahara vs. Askin Nakk Le Vaar

Nelliel later stands outside Askin Nakk Le Vaar's Gift Bereich, noting how it is collapsing like Urahara thought it might. She remarks that carrying four souls out of it would be difficult, and is shocked to see that the entrance is so small. She remarks that she wanted to see Ichigo again as she leaps toward the entrance.

Manga Chapter 666: Summary
Kubo can also put these details in a databook later. I have seen that Bleach rarely kills characters if they can be "brought back" from the brink of death, so Urahara and others have a good chance of still being Alive.

I see, Thank you XD. I hate these "imagination" endings, I hope he either tells us in a twit/interview or the anime explains it better when it returns


text:
Filler episodes
What are filler episodes? I've heard people mention them a lot but I'm not quite sure what they are. Apparently Naruto is packed with tons of them, so what are they?

A simple answer taken from the internet.

A filler arc is a storyline (often, though not always, shorter than the regular arcs) in which, over a number of episodes, an adventure is detailed that is unrelated, or tangential, to the main story arc(s); often, the filler arc adventure does not derive from the original source material.

For example, there are plenty of filler episodes after Naruto defeated Pain. Most of the fillers are the story of a side character, or childhood flashback of a character.

Filler episodes are entries in a generally continuous serial that are unrelated to the main plot, don't significantly alter the relations between the characters, and generally serve only to take up space. This could be considered Padding applied to a whole franchise.
They are extremely common in Anime, where many shows have 26 or more episodes per season. The producers have to use filler just to meet contractual demands. [...] Sometimes entire filler Arcs are created, most often because the series Overtook the Manga. Just about every long-running manga-based anime action series will have gargantuan amounts of filler over time. This is because Japanese networks, unlike western ones, don't do reruns or season breaks. This is compounded when they go beyond the 26 episode mark. Many series air over 40 episodes per year, when they would have a hard time making even half of them related to the main plot.

From tvtropes: http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/Filler

This answer is a bit dissatisfying; you effectively parrot the entirety of a source instead of adding any new information to it.

While TVTropes does a good job of generally explaining what it is - that is, it's content which doesn't necessarily drive the overarching plot of the series forward - it may be good to look at why it comes about, specifically in series like Naruto or Bleach, and not in smaller series like Outlaw Star or Cowboy Bebop.
The executive summary:
In dual-published media (both anime and manga), filler is necessary to allow the source media (typically manga) to establish canon and story, while the adaptation media (typically anime) exists to mostly reflect the source media.
(Note that there are exceptions to this, such as cases in which the anime and manga are completely different works - notably in the case of Love, Chunibyo and Other Delusions - in that instance, we would treat these as distinct works, each in their own canon separate from one another.)

A lot of major anime series have a simultaneously running manga series to back it.  This is true in the case of series like One Piece and Fairy Tail, which have a lot of volumes currently being published, and the story isn't yet complete.  In the case that the story is still being told, one of two things have to happen to facilitate the need for filler:

The anime runs into a scenario in which the story it's told is at a similar point to the manga, or
The directors intentionally carve out some time for filler to ensure a smoother spacing of storyline, or to allow the manga to gain more story to animate.

The second scenario happens less frequently, but there have been times that I've observed in Naruto that filler was still being produced when it wasn't wholly necessary.
In the case of both Bleach and Naruto, it would come to pass that the anime would invariably catch up with the manga.  In doing that, the anime can't realistically continue until new story is written.  So, for a cour or two (or even an episode), the directors of the series would create a new storyline based in the same universe, which may or may not be entirely canonical.  This is done to ensure that the anime continues during its allocated cour.
In the case in which the anime precedes the manga, I would presume that the storyline is well-fleshed out, and the manga drives to follow the anime, thus completely eradicating the concept of filler in manga backed by an anime.
This may still happen exclusively in manga though, especially if it's not airing anymore or has never aired; in the case of Hayate the Combat Butler, since it's stopped airing (and the airings didn't entirely follow the manga anyway), it has had filler chapters such as:

Kyoto and Ise - Conclusion (Night 3): This is supposed to be Night 3, but this is the 400th chapter so let's celebrate! Seriously

This answer is a bit dissatisfying; It doesn't attempt to answer "What are filler episodes?"

@Unihedron:  I would disagree.  This does cover what they are, and also adds details into why they come into existence.

......... Where?

@Unihedron:  At the very top.  The link to TVTropes covers what filler is quite well.

source: Stack Exchange

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

sort: votes


text:
Why is Nanatsu no Taizai : Seisen no Shirushi only 4 episodes?
Why does episode 4 of Nanatsu no Taizai: Seisen no Shirusi state this as the end of the series?
In the opening song, there's a scene where Meliodas is fighting the devil, but it's never shown in the story line. Also at the end of each episode, there's a scene, which I think, is the main story for this season.
Is there's any explanation why Nanatsu no Taizai: Seisen no Shirushi is only 4 episodes?

TL;DR This was never intended to be a full season. This is just an intermediary series to keep the audience's interest while the real season 2 can be finished once the Manga is sufficiently ahead.
MyAnimeList: New 'Nanatsu no Taizai' TV Series Announced for 2016.The page clearly states,

The announcement does not specify whether the new series is a sequel.

This has been done before for example with Magi. Post season 2, several episodes relating to Sinbad's history were released so that the Season 3 had enough source material.
This is a original mini arc written by the author himself. According to the discussion on MAL.

This is basically a movie, but instead of releasing on theaters, it’s been released on TV in 4 episodes....
  Anyhow, I’m cool with that as long as it is written by the mangaka (which it is). Hopefully we will get an announcement later this year (or maybe next) about a possible sequel in 2017.... I doubt there won’t be one given the great success of this franchise.
  Also, this was never announced as a second season to begin with, so I’m not sure why some of you’re surprised by this... It was announced as Nanatsu no Taizai (2016), not Nanatsu no Taizai Second Season (2016) from the very beginning. If this was indeed a second season, they would have added that to the title the day it was announced, simple as that.
  Anyway, looking forward this original mini arc story written by Nakaba Suzuki himself.

all_licenses: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/


text:
How can we sort manga (by genre) within Crunchyroll's manga utility or mobile app?
I've been considering getting a Crunchyroll membership primarily for the manga rather than the anime. Looking on their site, Crunchyroll does not have anyway to organize and parse through their manga library other than alphabetically. They do not have a way to search by genre or anything like that.
Is the mobile app for Android any better? Does it have sorting?

Before anyone has an impulse to close this, this relevant Meta answer explains why this should definitely be on-topic.  Well, at least parts of this question, anyway.

I'm going to edit out the parts that would make future answers to this more based in opinion rather than fact.

@Makoto Alright, thanks. I was originally going to ask a different question, and changed my mind halfway through. I didn't do a good enough job editing it down before I posted it.

With the Crunchyroll Manga app, you have the ability to sort...

...and sort by a specific genre you're looking for.

The kicker here is that the genres you may be thinking of might not be the same ones that Crunchyroll supports.

Are all of the titles free if you have a membership (in North America, since I see that you are from the states)? It seems like in the UK (or at least Europe) that you have to pay for series individually on top of having a premium membership. (@peionrayz's answer)

I can't realistically answer that for you; you would be better served posing that specific question to Crunchyroll's support team.  I can answer your question insofar as to how the app works and what it's capable of doing.

Alright, thanks. I had assumed that you had a membership, apologies.

I do, but this is the fine line we walk here.  We can't say much about the support of the product, and given that I live in a different part of the world than you, I'd be ill equipped to talk about these features.  Your best bet and best shot to get some insight into this would be to genuinely contact Crunchyroll.

On the Android mobile app there looks to be two main filters featured and newest, other than that you can search for manga in their manga store. This allowed me to find what looks like all the Attack on Titan manga. It looks like it also has most of the Fairy Tail manga too. (I don't want to check all 50+ books) It however doesn't have One Piece, Naruto, or Bleach in their store.
Even though I have Crunchyroll prime all the manga, seem to, have to be bought. The majority of Attack on Titan is selling for $10.99, which also isn't localized to the GBP on my app.

Do you know if the fact that you have to purchase manga individually is something restricted to the UK/Europe, or includes North America too? I'm in Canada.


text:
Would it make sense for there to be a new category of episodes between filler and canon?
There are plenty of anime that have a lot of filler, such as Naruto or Bleach. However, there are a lot of filler episodes that fit completely in the storyline, and could easily have happened.  Wouldn't it make sense for the mangaka to declare some of these as canon?
This would clearly satisfy the audience as it kills a lot of people to see good content that didn't really happen. But building on this, would it be plausible for the mangaka to create a new category of episodes in between filler and canon that simply labels episodes as correct so people can watch them, but skip over them since they don't contribute to the plot? This would seem like a step up since there is a clear distinction between outrageously impossible filler and filler that could actually have occurred.

Often times, when it comes to the filler, the original creator or mangaka has no say in it.  They may have the ability to influence designs, but that's probably it; much of that would get written by someone other than themselves.
This is largely borrowing from an earlier answer of mine, but I want to highlight a few key points from it:

Studios in charge of the more popular anime series don't really have
  this liberty; generally, one of these things could happen:

The author treats it as non-canon and progresses forward (ignore it)
The author incorporates it into canon (think Hayate no Gotoku and the addition of Kayura Tsurugino after the movie) (embrace it)
The author decides to reboot the series entirely, which may include some components of the original one and may not, with the liberties
  largely removed (Full Metal Alchemist: Brotherhood vs Full Metal
  Alchemist) (allow both to exist)

Effectively, there's really not much wiggle room between what is and isn't canon.  It either gets adapted into canon, or it gets ignored.  No one outside of the original mangaka can decide this, and there have been examples of both happening in different works.  Series like Bleach likely didn't get to exercise options of adopting it into canon due to the fact that Kubo Tite was working so hard on it, he had to go to the hospital several times during Bleach's run.

For examples of cases where non-canon material was backported into canon, see the Canon Immigrant page on TV Tropes.

all_licenses: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Why does Vash the Stampede act so happy all the time?
I have watched all of the Trigun series but for some reason I never understood the reason why Vash acts so happy. His backstory is really depressing but I don't think the series explained the reason for his happiness. I would think any normal person would be very dark but Vash is the opposite.

I was worried no one would answer this question because I thought not many people watched trigun!

Vash acts happy because he chooses to act happy.  More times than not, he is happy.
You're right when it comes to his backstory; it's not been a very easy life for him.  Speaking about the anime chiefly, he's had to endure

 him and Knives being found somewhere in space, and being treated like outcasts while aboard

...but the whole thing that ties everything together for him is Rem Saverem.  She imparts to both Knives and Vash that there should always be a peaceful solution to every conflict which arises.
Knives rejects this philosophy, which - combined with

 the physical abuse he suffered while aboard the ship

leads him down a fairly dark path.  This is played with when Vash sees a spider and butterfly vying for survival; Knives put it almost as succinctly as, "Spiders eat butterflies to live.  Saving one will cause harm to the other."
Vash does break on occasion; the tension between Rem's guidance and the stone-cold reality of life on Gunsmoke causes him to shoulder a lot of grief.  Several examples include:

Towards the end of the series, after

 he very nearly destroys the entire city of Augusta and puts a hole in the moon instead

he decides to recuse himself and live a quieter, more clumsy life for a short while.
The whole point of Legato Blues' existence is to cause Vash to suffer.  Not to kill him, but to suffer.  The methods which Legato uses are particularly brutal to accomplish this.  Case in point: at one point, E.G. Mine, under direction of Legato,

 is forced to throw his life in harm's way to kill a Plant that Vash was so desperately trying to save.

The final stand with Legato is also indicative of this dark past.

 Legato gives Vash an ultimatum to either kill him or witness Milly and Meryl be shot dead.  Ultimately Vash kills Legato, but this leaves him scarred until he can forgive himself and reconcile his choice with Rem.

There are other examples which almost always involve Legato's overarching goal to cause Vash to suffer, which involve friends or people he is close to.
In spite of all of this, Vash still desires to follow Rem's advice, and believe that everything can be resolved peacefully, and that no two people should ever attempt to kill one another.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Did Kakashi use genjutsu before the end of the Fourth Shinobi War?
When you have the Sharingan, you can perform a genjutsu on a person for example, every Uchiha can use this ability. But what about Kakashi? He is not an Uchiha but can he perform genjutsu? If yes, please list it down.
Note: I'm not referring to after the Fourth Shinobi World War, since we know that after the war, Kakashi doesn't have the Sharingan.

I'm confused.  Are you asking if he used genjutsu before he obtained the Sharingan, or are you asking if he used genjustu after he lost it?  The way that this is worded is a bit confusing to me.

*After he get the sharingan from obito

You don’t need a sharingan to use genjustu

First of all you don't need to be an Uchiha to use genjutsu, look at Kurenai she is a genjutsu expert and not an Uchiha. But for your question, Kakashi uses 3 times genjutsu in the series.

Against Sakura like @StackUpPhysics said. (During the Bell Test for Team 10 he tricked Sakura by putting her in a Genjutsu.)
Against Zabuza (At 0:33 Minutes).
Against 2 Anbu Ninjas (At 2:41 Minutes)

Another Instance of Kakashi Using Genjutsu in the Manga:

Can Kakashi perform genjutsu? Yes. According to the wiki,

With the Sharingan, Kakashi can accurately reproduce any movement he sees (his own physical skill permitting), take in a heightened amount of visual information, and perform the Sharingan's broad category of genjutsu.

Kakashi also uses genjustu during his fight with Obito when he entered the Kamui dimension. Afterward, Kakashi tells Obito enough with the genjustu.
https://naruto.fandom.com/wiki/Kakashi_vs._Obito
And Although not much successful, during the second bell test in ship, Kakashi uses genjustu on Naruto and Sakura at the same time.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CgPv3vkrpnY @ 6:10


text:
What is this purple headdress that Tsukasa is commonly seen wearing?
In Tonikaku Kawaii (Fly Me to the Moon), the female lead character Tsukasa is usually seen wearing an oval-shaped purple headdress:

What exactly is this accessory? I might have surmised that this is a type of hairnet, except that Tsukasa is seen wearing this headdress with her long hair let down. In fact, she takes off this headdress when she gets ready to sleep and ties her hair up into two side-buns:

Of course, I am not particularly knowledgeable about these kinds of accessories. Can someone enlighten me about what exactly Tsukasa is wearing?

The wiki as well as TV Tropes both refer to it as a hair clasp.

@Turamarth Hmmm. But then it looks like a hair clasp that clasps some hair underneath/behind the hair that she lets drop down? Seems unusual, at the very least.


text:
Why did Sasuke need to activate sharingan to perform chidori?
Chidori can be very well used without activating Sharingan. Sharingan is only needed to nullify the Tunnel Vision Effect and to save yourself from enemies counter-attack.
But it seems Sasuke has a knack for both. Every time he resolves to use Chidori he lights up his Sharingan. Against a formidable opponent, it is fairly understandable to use both to avoid any chances but why such extra precaution against a simple rock? It's not like Sharingan is for free, we're all aware of the considerable chakra cost for the red eyes then why does he need to do it?
I've noticed it now twice, in Boruto

Episode 61
Episode 157

Why did Sasuke need to activate Sharingan to blow up the stationary boulder using Chidori?

Very simple, without vision chidori isn't efficient, Sasuke and all users can't hit their opponent, and they're an easy blank for them. That's explaining by Kakashi and Minato in the Manga and Anime. That's the same with the rock, he needs to verify no one is on the road, and verify no one is trying to hit him.
Source: Chidori (Overview - Second Paragraph)

Please include relevant sources/references to support your answer.


text:
Origins of the sweat droplet
When an anime character is embarrassed, they often draw him/her with a sweat droplet.  Which artist came up with this idea and how did it become so prevalent in anime/manga?

That seems to be pretty much the same question as: http://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/343/how-did-the-sweatdrop-originate. Is there anything that you're asking that isn't answered in the answer to that question?

@kuwaly: Mostly, yes.  Except for when it began and with whom.


text:
Anime for colorblind people?
Is there any anime created for colorblind people?
In general anime productions have a strong use of colors to increase the dramatic effect, but colorblind people miss it and sometimes lose track of important parts of the history.
Image example (not exactly from an anime, but...)

here is the original image
in this site you can simulate how it looks to a colorblind... just select the previous link, and paste it there

(and just a clarification: it's not exactly to me :) ... it's for a small one who we just found that can't correctly see some colors. And, also, in the site I mentioned above, I found a "daltonize" algorithm that changes colors so that colorblind people have a bit more contrast on the colors they miss, so it improves the image to them)
Thanks :)

read the manga.  It's normally better than anime even without the color

@woliveirajr There are varying degrees of color blindness, can you be a little more specific in your context? Picture examples would help.

First, lets take a simulated look of how the following image is viewed by different people:
Normal Color Vision

Red Blind (Protanopia)

Green-Blind (Deuteranopia)

Blue-Blind (Tritanopia)

Red-Weak (Protanomaly)

Green-Weak (Deuteranomaly)

Blue-Weak (Tritanomaly)

Monochromacy (Achromatopsia)

Blue Cone (Monochromacy)

Protanopia and Deuteranopia are the most common types of colorblindness.
As you see, the experiences of these color-blind viewers are not inhibited by their condition. Though a particular image or scene might not have as much of an impact on a normal user, they are still able to enjoy the other aspects of anime such as the writing and dialog, voice-acting, most importantly the animation.
There might not necessarily be anime for blind people, because anime is intended to be marketed to a wider audience, usually for recreational purposes.
Typically anime productions don't factor accessibility concerns of color blind viewers in the budget due to the extra costs required, since most of the profit from an anime production is from disc sales.
Color blind people usually rely on the settings on their computer (using a specific color profiles, "color blind" modes in games) or television (color adjustments on the TV) to adjust their visual experience.
Rarely does color play a major plot and history of an anime series, but if it does, the change is usually significant (e.g. Victorique's hair in Gosick), noticeable, and/or emphasized by the story and dialogue.
The color setting is only a small piece of the anime puzzle. Even without it, you might be missing small details, you'll still be able to get the big picture.


text:
Who is the snitch in Tantei Gakuen Q?
In the anime Detective Academy Q/Tantei Gakuen Q, at one point we learn that there is a snitch in DDS spying for Pluto/Meiosei.
At first we are led to believe that it is Hongou Sensei, but  later Hongou is loyal to DDS when they go to the cruise ship so he probably wasn't the spy.
Katagiri Sensei had been briefly kidnapped and impersonated in the events leading up to the finale, but IIRC she is not being impersonated for very long, ruling her impersonator out as the snitch.
Ryu hates Pluto so can't be the snitch. Unless Pluto had bugged him (there is no confirmation of this in the anime)
So who was the snitch/spy? I'm talking about the period between when Hongou Sensei came in to before Dan was kidnapped.

The so-called mole is the subject of much debate between the manga and anime canons...
In the manga,

 The secretary, Shino Katagiri... or rather the Pluto/Meiousei agent masquerading as her. The real Shino had was kidnapped before Dan Morihiko. Luckily they find and rescue her. It's assume that she was kidnapped later on.

Additionally:

 Ryu was originally sent by Pluto/Meiousei as a spy/envoy (due to his status as the their of the organization) inside DDS, particularly to keep an eye on Dan Morihiko, but he later defects from Pluto/Meiousei.

In the anime,

 Sir Anubis is the one that initiated the kidnapping of Dan Morihiko. He apparently hat Ryu under surveillance, after tries to leave Pluto/Meiousei, tries to use Dan-sensei as a bargaining chip to get Ryu to return.

But she's kidnapped later, no? The presence of a mole is noticed pretty early on, and Katagiri is acting normal then.

Well there are multiple... which part of the story are you referring to? The one I mentioned is the one responsible for kidnapping Dan Morihiko.

before that. I think Q class suspects a mole, and at first they think  it is Hongou. There is suspicion on Hongou from the kids for the rest of the series, up to the finale.

In the anime, there is a scene where Katagari tells Dan about the arrival of Hongou. This is the episode where Hongou is first introduced. In the same above scene, Katagari mentions that even Maki sensei had come back from vacation and joined the DDS to resume his teaching and that the team of teachers is complete. Maki sensei is introduced in the beginning episodes. He is a forensic expert. It can be that he was the one who was kidnapped and replaced.


text:
Who are the members of the Lycaons?
In One Outs (at least in the anime version), most of the members of the Lycaons other than Toua were rather minor characters, and some didn't get named as far as I can remember. In fact, I remember more people from most of the opposing teams than I do from the Lycaons.
What are the names of the Lycaons team members, and what positions do they play?

Really surprised there isn't already a list of this somewhere. I don't have the manga so I don't know which names are revealed there as opposed to the anime. I went through the scripts for the 25 episode series and could only glean the following:

Satoshi Ideguchi: Catcher
Toua Tokuchi: Pitcher (sometimes 1st base)
Kojima Hiromichi: Clean-up hitter/?
Hideo Arai: ?
Tomioka: Right Field
Fujita: Left Field/3rd Base
Imai: 3rd Base/Shortstop
Nakane: Pitcher
Nishimura: 1st Base
Ishiyama: Pitcher
Nishioka: Pitcher
Mitsui: Pitcher
Kondoh: ?
Whoever wears #19: Center Field
Yuuzaburou Mihara: Manager
Kinosaki: Trainer

In episode 14, when they do the 9 person infield move, you can see a lot of the numbers that some of the players wear, but ti's not clear enough to see any names. Center field and the 2nd basemen weren't explicitly mentioned in the anime. As for Kojima, he's usually not on the field when his team isn't on offense, instead, standing next to the manager in the dugout explaining to the manager what's going on. I'm not sure what position he plays if he was on the field.

I just started watching one outs and even i was wondering the same thing why the others aren't named. Thanks a lot for the answer. +10 from me. :D


text:
What does the 'D' stand for in all the names?
There are a lot of characters with the middle initial "D".  Is this an indication of something, or do they really all just have middle initials of the letter D?  If they are initials, do we know what they stand for?
Examples of names:

Monkey D. Luffy
  Monkey D. Dragon
  Portgas D. Ace
  Monkey D. Garp
  Gol D. Roger

And don't just forget Marshall D. Teach

also Trafalgar D. Law

And with Jaguar D. Saul, Portgas D. Rouge, and Marshall D. Teach. I don't think D has any other meaning but that letter itself since it's inherited by the god's natural enemies.

Update
We start to see the meaning behind the D. In the episode 703 of the Anime...

 ...Corazon talks to Trafalgar D. Law, telling him how young kids in Marie Jois are instructed to see D. as a sort of boogeyman:

"Badly behaving children will be eaten by the D."

 He continues saying that in some parts of the world, the Family of D. is known as 神の天敵 (kami no ten teki), translated "God's natural enemy".

 He also states that "God" in this instance is used to refer to the Celestial Dragons.

It hasn't been revealed yet I think.

The initial was first pointed out in Oda's SBS questions and answers corner, he was also asked what the D in Luffy's name stood for. Oda just replied to read it as a D for now and that he would reveal the truth behind it in time.

You can read more in the Will of the D. wiki.

Celestial Dragons (天竜人) is to gods as D People (神の天敵) is to demons. I'd like to add that "Old Roger" is a nickname for the Devil (Gol D. Roger), and notice that Luffy used "Lucy" (from Lucifer) as his codename in the arena. So yes, D has something to do with the Devil and demons. Other words that start with the letter "d" may also have something to do with them, like destiny, death, destruction, dream, etc. It could also have a connection to the moon, as a half-moon looks like a D shape, and the moon phases are shown very often.


text:
Who was Archer?
Who was Rin's servant Archer in Fate Stay Night?  In the anime, it shows no reference to who he is or how he became a heroic spirit.  But in the Manga, it only shows how he became a heroic spirit.
The Holy Grail takes the soul or spirit from people of legends and myths.  So who was Archer in Fate Stay Night?

Only answer from Fate Stay Night, anime or manga.  It would get confusing if somebody gives an answer that is true from a different universe or timeline.

Archer's history is outlined in the "Unlimited Blade Works" scenario of the game and in the "Unlimited Blade Works" movie. There is already a question addressing this topic: "Who is exactly Archer from the Unlimited Blade Works movie?" You may change the scope of your question so that they don't overlap each other.

@Krazer They are from different universe or timeline.  It's similar to asking a question from Full Metal Alchemist and answering it from Full Metal Alchemist Brotherhood.  It just isn't the same.  And I didn't know about the movie, Thanks.

Actually the Archer from all the Fate/Stay Night scenarios are of the same continuity, unlike FMA:B. The story develops differently depending on how you want the story to branch out.

@Krazer I just watch Fate Stay Night and Unlimited Blade Works.  It doesn't mean that Archer is the same person from both stories.  For all we know, Fate Stay Night's archer can be Kiritsugu Emiya.

It's still one continuity. They don't go into it in the TV series, because it follows Saber's route of the game. The UBW movie follows Rin's route, where naturally there will be some backstory about her servant.

@Krazer but the events that unfold is different.

but it's still the same Archer, in the same universe.

Unlike the other herioc spirits (Aurthur, Alexander the Great, etc), Archer is:

  Shirou Emiya of an alternate future timeline who made a contract with Gaia and became the Heroic Spirit Emiya, acting as the Counter Guardian of the world to fulfill his contract.

There were hints about this when Archer sees Shirou for the first time because:

 He purposely wanted to be summoned into an era where the young Shirou Emiya would be around for the Grail war so that killing the younger version of himself may cause a paradox that would break his contract.

So the simple answer to your question is that:

 Archer is the future version of Shirou Emiya.

First of all, it should be mentioned that Archer is a Counter Guardian and not a Heroic Spirit. He is an agent of Gaia (the will of Earth) and is not stored in the Throne of Heroes like the other participants of the Holy Grail War.
Archer´s true identity is that of:

 Emiya Shirou from an alternative timeline of the Fate route (Saber route), where he went into despair after Illyasviel passes away 1 year after the war. He tried to become a hero by saving the majority by killing the minority (like his father, Emiya Kiritsugu). Eventually the people he saved turned on him and shunned him, throwing him further into despair, culminating in him sacrificing his life by making a pact with Gaia to become a Counter Guardian in exchange for a few hundred people´s life. He is summoned into the war with the pendant he always carried on him that Rin used to save him as the catalyst, since Rin had no catalyst herself.

If you want a more indepth answer, play the visual novel, as the second route, Unlimited Blade Works, revolves mainly around him and Shirou.

So basically the character in the spoiler box is the identity of Archer?  Or just in essence?

Yes the spoiler box reveals his indentity and his backstory.


text:
What do the numbers written in the top left corner stand for?
In The Seven Deadly Sins: The Resurrection of the Command, there is a number which randomly appears in the top left corner, like:

6:48

6:49

6:54

(Image source)
What do the numbers written in the top left corner stand for?

It's the local time in Japan when the show is currently broadcasted. It has nothing to do with anime show.
A thread on MyAnimeList's forum has a quick discussion about this in English.

The official term is 時刻出し (jikoku dashi, time display). As mentioned before, this is not restricted to anime shows, but more to the TV channel and broadcast time. Usually, this occurs for shows in the:

morning: from the earliest show up to 10:00
afternoon: from 11:00 up to 14:00
evening: from 17:00 up to 19:00 (some as early as 13:00)
special occasions: New Year's countdown, on-going sports tournament, momentary announcement (news, earthquake, climate).

The reason for the morning, afternoon, and evening shows are most likely to remind the viewers, such as:

morning: going to work/school before getting late
afternoon: lunch preparation/lunchtime period
evening: dinner preparation

For this specific example of The Seven Deadly Sins: The Resurrection of the Command, the show was broadcasted on local Japanese TV channels (Japanese Wikipedia):

MBC/TBS: January 6 ~, Saturday 6:30-7:00
Animax: February 18 ~, Sunday 19:30-20:00

From the example screenshots of 6:48, 6:49, 6:54, it can be deduced that the scene was taken from MBS/TBS, the earliest broadcast for this series. After knowing the timeslot, it's also possible to estimate the relative timestamp for each scene: around 18, 19, and 24 minutes (next episode's preview) into the show.

References:

Yahoo! Chiebukuro (Japanese)
Yourpedia (Japanese)

To go along with this, the only reason you're going to be seeing these numbers is if what you're watching was pulled from a TV feed.  That is, if you're not watching it on a TV in Japan, it's almost certainly not an official source.


text:
Why is Gotenks never seen going Super Saiyan 2, only 3?
So, while watching DBZ (not super) I thought of something. Why can Gotenks go ssj3 but is never seen going super saiyan 2? Furthermore, how can Gotenks go SSJ3 at all if Goten and Trunks can only go SSJ? Am I missing something?

Well keep in mind that the few times we've seen Gotenks fight the SSJ2 transformation was no longer effective. He fought Beerus and he fought Buu. Neither of which would even flinch at the power that a SSJ2 transformation could generate.

Daizenshuu #7 (Special Attack Index, pp. 124) states that Gotenks is able to go SSJ2. Fortunately I got a Japanese scan from a website, you can compare it with the translation.
[Read it from right to left]
- I covered the Gotenks' part with the red box. Those are the special attacks/moves he can perform.
- While in the blue box, it states "~SSJ2" and "~SSJ3" which means he can perform those too.
- You can visit here to look for translation for this page. FYI, do Crtl+F and type in "gotenks" in the search box on the top right corner to search for Gotenks.

You can briefly see SSJ2 Gotenks in both manga and anime. Gotenks never uses the form in combat, instead he bypasses it to ascend to SSJ3. (Source)

It is unclear that Hybrid Saiyans may become Super Saiyan faster than pure-blooded Saiyan or possess a naturally greater potential than their Saiyan parents. But, Gohan become Super Saiyan at the age of 11 (9 in manga). While Trunks and Goten were able to make the transformation to Super Saiyan at a far younger age than their fathers, at the age of 8 and 7 respectively. You can refer more from one of my answer about this topic here. If the statements above are true, it is likely that Hybrid Saiyans can achieve any form of SSJ faster than pure-blooded Saiyans.


text:
Where was Echelon mentioned in the Ghost in the Shell series?
Where was Echelon mentioned in the Ghost in the Shell series? I see it mentioned in various wikis, but I can't recall ever seeing it mentioned. Want to read the context it's mentioned in for myself.

http://ghostintheshell.wikia.com/wiki/Echelon

Anime transcripts doesn't seem to yield anything about it being mentioned in the anime.

It might have been mentioned in passing while talking about the international police/surveillance methods. It's not something inconceivable, considering we've had multiple discoveries of government programs for spying on everybody's email. So it's sort of based on reality. Especially in the GITS world where technology is so advanced it wouldn't be surprising.

It's related to "Big Brother" in Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex. From a Japanese list of terms used in GitS,

Big Brother
Nickname of satellite-ring communication interception network. A communication interception network that American Empire's National Reconnaissance Office is proud of, which intercepts any communication circuit, including internet, wireless, telephone, etc. The amount of incoming communication data freezes operator androids and makes the terminals within 1km radius go down even if Public Security Section 9's facility is used. "Big Brother" was introduced in a novel Nineteen Eighty-Four, and it's a secret code for an surveillance system called "ECHELON".

but the word "Echelon" itself is only mentioned in its movie counterpart, Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex - The Laughing Man. From a Japanese site comparing the anime and its movie counterpart,

Also, the term "Echelon" - a satellite-ring communication interception network - was spoken by Aramaki. It makes it easier to understand what "Big Brother" is about.


text:
What does Viktor yell in Yuri On Ice?
Is he yelling "kusnav" or like "kusnov"?
What does it even mean ... couldn't find anything on the webs - am I heavily mistyping it?

it sounds Russian which according to this answer Yuri and Victor are both based off Russians not to mention that Victor in the anime is Russian anyway. i would suspect that it's actually Russian. as for any mistyping when i google them i get google trying to correct me with "kushnav" but having not seen the series i'm not sure if this is correct or not

@Memor-X: FWIW I don't think "kushnav" ever appears in the series.

It would greatly help if you would indicate the place of the supposed appearance of this word. ie timing, episode number

The only similar-sounding word that I recall hearing in Yuri!!! on Ice is the Russian word vkusno (вкусно), which in the show is sometimes used by characters to mean "tasty". (For instance, it appears in ep. 2 when Victor is introduced to katsudon, and when in ep. 9, Yuri Katsuki tastes the katsudon pirozhki that  Yuri Plisetsky's grandfather made.)
The IPA transcription of вкусно is [ˈfkusnə]: it is then not implausible that a casual listener might miss the initial [f] sound or be confused when transcribing the final schwa, leading to a transcription like kusna or kusno. (When encountering unexpected two consonant combinations, I have sometimes missed the first consonant entirely: for instance, when I first heard the Hebrew song "Hatikvah", I heard "tsofiyah" (צופיה) as "sofiyah," because it was easier for me to process what I heard that way when I was not listening carefully.)

Viktor Nikiforov yells the word 'Vkusno' (вкусно), which is the Russian word for 'delicious'. If you notice, he only yells it when eating Pork Cutlet Bowls (not a euphemism) and Hot Pot!!


text:
Why are ogres so strong?
As far as I know Ogres and Karmic demons are regular humans who (explained in conventional terms) have suffered and become full blown Sociopaths and heavily depressed individuals, respectively, who use all their might in throwing and restraining, again respectively, all their power at those surrounding them, but one way (consciously) or another (unconsciously) it goes out and hurts others.
My first question is: Does this affect anybody or just a few?
The Second question is more a set of questions than anything:
If just a few, then who? Talented/powerful people?
If everybody, then does that mean that the world was filled with Ogres and Karmic Demons before the current order came in to place? If so, when why did the false Minoshiro (whatever that means) forgot to mention it? Or did I forget to watch it in the 3 times I watched the episode?
But the one thing that bothers me the most, which is basically based off all the previous questions is my third and last question: Why the hell are Ogres so goddamn powerful?
I mean, look at the Messiah, child of Maria and Mamoru, taken off them by Yakomaru.
The first and only human kid the rats get in their hands on, breed to adolescence (which is when they get their powers) and turns out to be a killing sociopath with powers as immense as the most powerful dude in the village. This case essentially brings up all the previous questions I asked, which if you didn't notice, is driving me mad.
So, does anyone have any answers?

Contains spoilers

As far as I know Ogres and Karmic demons are regular humans who
  (explained in conventional terms) have suffered and become full blown
  Sociopaths and heavily depressed individuals, respectively, who use
  all their might in throwing and restraining, again respectively, all
  their power at those surrounding them, but one way (consciously) or
  another (unconsciously) it goes out and hurts others.
My first question is: Does this affect anybody or just a few? The
  Second question is more a set of questions than anything: If just a
  few, then who? Talented/powerful people? If everybody, then does that
  mean that the world was filled with Ogres and Karmic Demons before the
  current order came in to place? If so, when why did the false
  Minoshiro (whatever that means) forgot to mention it? Or did I forget
  to watch it in the 3 times I watched the episode?

Before the current order, power users had no in-built restraints on their power. So ordinary people could, and did, cause tremendous damage. Basically every time someone lost their temper there was a risk of nuclear war....
To prevent this, humanity re-engineered themselves and their society with heavy constraints on power. They put in place a multi-layered defense against using power against other humans:
Genetic engineering:

Attack Control from wolves - A strong aversion to hurting their own species
Sex and affection from bonobos - An inclination to resolve stress and conflict with sex rather than violence
Death feedback - The ultimate control. A physiological response to the guilt of hurting people which would kill the perpetrator. My understanding is that the death feedback kicks in, at a modest level, even when contemplating hurting someone. Therefore it actually prevents attacks. If for some reason you accidentally or unwittingly hurt someone, the consequent guilt is lethal. So it also punishes harm.

Taken together these mechanisms mean that a human CANNOT volunatarily harm another. In particular it is not possible even to decide to suicide-attack another person - you just can't bring yourself to attack in the first place at all.
Social conditioning:
From birth the people are raised with stories, conditioning, and hypnotism to control their behaviour. The biological controls are strenghthened with this process. In addition there is a huge emphasis on obedience and harmony. Because it is impossible to control people with violence in the new society, you can't have normal policing and punishment. Instead the control is psychological.
Selection:
Children are closely monitored as they develop. If they don't develop properly they are weeded out. The show portrays the selection as very heavy handed, because they would rather kill many innocents than let one failure slip through.
Ogres and karmic demons occur when these methods fail.
Karmic demons lose conscious control of their power. Shun says that in fact a little power leaks out of everyone, but in most cases it does little harm. Karmic demons leak a lot of power from their unconscious. They are potentially extremely dangerous as a consequence. However they near no malice. The karmic demons we see retain their human morality and voluntarily kill themselves to prevent harm to the world around them. They are dangerous, but not excessively so, for this reason.
Ogres/Fiends are a nightmare. They are humans for whom the safeguards have utterly failed. They are psychopaths. The Death feedback relies on guilt emotions to function. Psychopaths lack such guilt, and the other emphathetic emotions that control Power. They are able and willing to use their Power against other humans.
Precisely because of the various safeguards, other humans are unable to counter-attack, making ogres capable of causing essentially unlimited harm. A single ogre could destroy the entire planet. Hence the excessive selection above: you can't afford to run any risks.
Ogres Power is no stronger than anyone else's. Although there are degrees of control over Power, the idea is that any normal adult has almost unlimited power. They can do almost anything. There is no practical upper limit to what they can do. So even a weak person, if they become an ogre, has civilization ending capabilities. Normal folks around them may have equivalent or even materially stronger Power, but their self-imposed constraints prevent them from deploying it.

But the one thing that bothers me the most, which is basically based
  off all the previous questions is my third and last question: Why the
  hell are Ogres so goddamn powerful?
I mean, look at the Messiah, child of Maria and Mamoru, taken off them
  by Yakomaru. The first and only human kid the rats get in their hands
  on, breed to adolescence (which is when they get their powers) and
  turns out to be a killing sociopath with powers as immense as the most
  powerful dude in the village. This case essentially brings up all the
  previous questions I asked, which if you didn't notice, is driving me
  mad.
So, does anyone have any answers?

The Messiah is not an ogre. All the constraint mechanisms work great in them. But the constraints work for monster rats, not humans, because they believe they are a monster rat.
They are not a sociopath. They kill humans as lightly as humans kill monster rats, because they don't see them as fellow creatures.
The Messiah is probably a rather weak human, because they wouldn't have had the sophisticated education in manipulating their Power. But they can deploy 100% of their (relatively) weak power, whereas others cannot deploy any of their far stronger power.
The reason the Messiah whips the most powerful guy (Shisei) is due to an additional piece of information we are given:
You can't make two Powers interact. If they come into contact, space time is warped and you get a rainbow iridescence effect.
This makes it very hard to use Power defensively.
Basically, the Messiah attacks Shisei directly. If he does nothing, he dies. If he tries to counteract the Power with his own, they interact. This is what we see: we see the rainbow and he gets warped as space-time bends. This kills him.
Power is useless defensively.
In the last arc, Saki figures out that the Ogre is no ogre. She and Satoru try to show it that it is really a human, using Satoru's mirror skill. This doesn't work - the Messiah just seems confused. They defeat it by using Kiroumaru. Once Saki understands they are not really dealing with an Ogre, it becomes rather easy to defeat.

There's a few subtleties that aren't easy to pick up. Which is normal. From the New World is a very deep show and it isn't easy to get everything - even after rewatching it multiple times.

As far as I know Ogres and Karmic demons are regular humans who
  (explained in conventional terms) have suffered and become full blown
  Sociopaths and heavily depressed individuals, respectively, who use
  all their might in throwing and restraining, again respectively, all
  their power at those surrounding them, but one way (consciously) or
  another (unconsciously) it goes out and hurts others.

Correct so far.

My first question is: Does this affect anybody or just a few? If just a few, then who? Talented/powerful people?

It's fair to say that everybody could become an Ogre. The determining factor seems to be the person's mental and psychological state of the person.
Power is not a factor. But depending on how you define "talent", it can be. For example, if you can't control your Canti, then you may turn into a Karma Demon.

If everybody, then does that mean that the world was filled with Ogres
  and Karmic Demons before the current order came in to place?

It wasn't filled with them. Ogres were rare. It was mentioned at one point that there only like 20 recorded events of them over several hundred years.
It's only in case where a person is going through extreme stress and or innate desire to hurt do that have any chance of becoming an Ogre.

But the one thing that bothers me the most, which is basically based
  off all the previous questions is my third and last question: Why the
  hell are Ogres so goddamn powerful?

See my answer to this question: Where do "fiends" get their abnormal strength?

This is my understanding of it.
All humans in the world of Shinsekai Yori are strong. Their power itself is unimaginably strong, but serves only as an offense, not a defense.
Thus because of this an Ogre is someone who is unaffected by the genetic imprint that makes humans in SSY die after they murder. That's why Ogres are so dangerous. They aren't especially strong, but they can use their power to kill, and there is no way to defend against it. Humans can't try to kill an Ogre because then they'd die.
A Karmic Demon is very different. A Karmic Demon is a perfectly normal person psychologically, but their power leaks into the world and harms the world. Basically, it is someone who can no longer control their power, but they are still sane.


text:
What was Doi really thinking about Shuichi?
In the end of episode 11 when Shuichi walks home from school with Doi again, Shuichi tells that he hates Doi and leaves alone. Doi just stands there for a moment looking shocked and then angrily kicks the fence shouting "Damn!"
There isn't much up until then to definitely say what kind of guy Doi is, but it's known that he once read Shuichi's diary note out loud to someone once (not sure exactly when and to whom), for which Shuichi might hold a grudge against him.
But the thing I'm curious about is why Doi was so emotional about that fence kicking after Shuichi said he hates him. I mean what did he expect if he really was bullying him? Or if he didn't do it to make fun of Shuichi then what, did he want to be friends with him and he just got very upset that Shuichi hated him for what he's done?
Also from episode 12:

Apparently, Shuichi can't tell either way too.

Most of this answer is implied, because it is not directly shown or stated. Also my answer is drawn from the manga, because I haven't watched the anime.
My impression is Doi is a bit of a jock and was a bit of a bully when they were younger. The incident long ago was that he read out a shared diary of Shuichi and Yoshino Takatsuki, detailing their cross-dressing experiences, out loud to everyone present.
In the manga Vol 8 quoted from the wiki:

Shuichi and his friends start their second year as junior high students, but everyone is split up between several classes. Anna tells Shuichi that he is an interesting person, even though he likes dressing like a girl. Shinpei Doi, Shuichi's classmate, sees him coming out of a restaurant with Yuki and his opinion of Shuichi changes; Doi wants to finally become friends with him. Anna and Shuichi, dressed as a girl, go out on a date, and run into Yoshino and Saori in a restaurant. The four go to a karaoke bar and have fun, though not without some tension between Saori and Anna. Yoshino decides to go to school in a boys uniform, and garners some attention from the teachers and other students. Doi contacts Shuichi, saying he wants to meet Yuki, so Shuichi goes with Yoshino and Doi to Yuki's place, who introduces herself as a transvestite living with another man (Shiina). Doi is surprised about Yuki, and even gets Shuichi to dress up like a girl in front of him. Doi suggests to Shuichi that he come to school dressed as a girl, since even Yoshino is dressing like a boy now. Shuichi thinks about this deeply, and even consults Chizuru and Yoshino about it. In the end, Shuichi knows he has to be the one to decide, and he comes to school wearing a wig and the old female school uniform Yoshino gave him. Everyone is surprised about this turn of events, and Shuichi is soon taken home early by his mother.

At first Doi is interested to befriend Shuichi only as a bridge to Yuki, whom eventually stops him short from confessing by way of introducing her boyfriend and thus he only states that she is "very pretty" upon meeting her. The fact that Yuki used to be a guy is a shock to him, "I never knew a guy could be such a beauty. I don't get it at all." Then, Doi turns and, clearly showing Shiuchi in this panel and muses "I wonder if he's like that too."

Already knowing that Shuichi used to cross-dress (he is unsure that he still does), Doi asks him upfront and Shuichi confirms this, leading Doi to ponder and this is clearly stated in the manga. And then he encourages Shuichi to turn up at school dressed as a girl. Shuichi eventually does so and the incident passes. Doi scoffs at Shuichi upon meeting him when Shuichi finally returns to school (in front of others, I guess to preserve his image) that he was a "stupid".

However, Doi persues Shuichi after school to encourage him at several points to cross-dress, saying that he looks cute when he does. This hot-cold attitude confuses Shuichi and makes him lash out at Doi resulting in the scene you describe.

My read is that Doi himself is confused, but wants to see more of Shuichi as a girl, for his own reasons. Perhaps he wants to better know how he feels, or perhaps he is really quite interested, but this was never explored. Him "kicking the fence" (or some cans near a drink machine in the manga), is just frustration after trying hard to convince Shuichi to do it again, just not at school.
The frustration could be a whole range of things, such as the possibility that Shuichi doesn't trust him anymore after what happened, to simply wanting to try out that relationship (and Shuichi saying he hated him makes that relationship seem hard to achieve). Again this was not fully explored.
However, we can tell Doi is interested at looking at Shuichi dress up as a girl, perhaps hoping Shuichi grows up to be a Yuki one day.


text:
I want to start getting into Yu-Gi-Oh! where should I start?
If I was to start watching all the series of Yu-Gi-Oh! (the orginal one), what should I start with first?
The books or the movies? And can you please list them in order too?

Related:http://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/11248/whats-the-correct-order-in-which-to-watch-the-yu-gi-oh-seasons-episodes

If you want to start watching the series you should better start from the first anime adaptation of the manga with the same name released in 1998.
see Yu-Gi-Oh! (1998 TV series)
It is based on chapters 1-59 of the Yu-Gi-Oh! manga series. here is a list of the first 59 episodes in the anime.
You should check this post. What's the correct order in which to watch the Yu-Gi-Oh! seasons/episodes?
For the Movies here is 5 titles. source: yugioh.wikia.com
Honestly I am a fan of the Anime and its Card-game gameplay. I even attended Conventions here in our country where dual matches were held and participated by trading card enthusiasts.

I would say this is a fairly opinion-based question, since some people will say the anime is superior to the manga, while many others will say vice versa. I would say the manga is a better place to start; it is its most faithful form, without fillers and without card games shoehorned into every available opportunity.
It should be noted that unlike the anime, the manga takes a while before focusing on card games. Also, in terms of the anime, there are two separate ones, the first made by Toei and the second made by Studio Gallop, though the second continues where the first lefts off. These follow the plot of the manga (although the Toei one is fairly loose about it.) though with noticeable differences (e.g. fillers).
As for the movies, the first one, simply titled "Yu-Gi-Oh!" Is based on the Toei adaptation. The Pyramid of Light movie is only possibly canon to the Gallop anime, and even then ambiguously so. It takes place shortly after the Battle City arc. "Bonds between time" is sort of commemorative, and it crosses over with GX and 5Ds; I do not recommend watching it before watching GX and 5Ds.
As for the manga, there is also a short series called "Yu-Gi-Oh! R" which also takes place after the Battle City arc, and is also disputed in its canonicity.
The other works, such as GX, 5Ds, Zexal and Arc-V, are, unlike the original, Anime first before manga, instead of the other way around. These certainly does not encompass the "original one" as you mentioned in your question.


text:
Why is blood needed to sign a summoning contract and to use the summoning jutsu?
In Naruto, I have seen that to create summoning contract and to use summoning jutsu, the user uses their own blood.
Why is this required? What is the significance of using blood here?

You can read in the Wikia that

The Summoning Technique is a space–time ninjutsu that allows the summoner to transport animals or people across long distances instantly and uses blood as a sacrifice.

In more detail:

The contract comes in the form of a scroll, on which the contractor uses their own blood to sign their name and place their fingerprints and once signed it is valid even after the contractors death as long as the contract itself remains intact. After this, they need only offer an additional donation of blood on the hand they signed the contract with, mould their chakra with hand seals and then plant the hand they signed the contract with at the location they wish to summon the creature.

It should be noted that anyone can summon a contracted animal as long as they have the blood of someone who has made a contract, the seal of the summoned creature and a source of sufficient chakra that the summon will accept.

So basically, the blood serves as a means of identifying the summoner for the summoned and also acts as a price (sacrifice) for calling them.

It will recognize the contractor/summoner through moulding their chakra with hand seals, and with their own blood that they signed the contract with.
The contract insures an everlasting validity for summoning the creature.


text:
Why did English dubbing anime companies stop dubbing anime songs?
Long time ago the English anime dubbing companies used to dub anime songs. But now they don't dub them. Is there a reason?

Keeping costs low and avoidin bad reputation?
I mean, sometimes the songs weren't even dubbed, but totally destroyed and changed, and that was very badly received by very vocal fans on the internet.

Can you give some examples of songs that were dubbed? I know it happens (e.g. Ouran's OP), but I don't recall it being a common practice.

Actually, some still do. Though it happens almost only to films and happens extremely rarely. The most recent one that I know of is Teru's Song from Tales from Earthsea(2006). Its obviously not as good as the original so why bother.

My guess is to save themselves money. Dubbing a song in English always seemed to be a rare thing anyway. Anime licensing/dubbing companies here in the US are always trying to skimp as much as they can, to keep themselves in the black. (EDIT: Rephrased less cynically, these companies focus on the aspects of localizing where they get the most potential profit against the expenses they occur, and not all anime releases are expected to make enough profit to risk "pulling out all the stops". Source: Answerman column on Anime News Network, which is a great resource about the dubbing/localizing process.)
It takes them extra time and money to find a singer to sing the song in English, get access to the instrumental version of the song (unless they decide to create their own instrumental, which is even more expensive), give the singer time to learn and practice the song, and then get them in to record said song. (EDIT: It may also be the case where even if the dubbing company wanted to dub over the song, the song's distributor/rights holder may not have allowed it.)
The alternative is just leaving the song as it is, in Japanese, and slapping on subtitles for the lyrics.
For these companies, it just isn't worth the hassle. When they do it, it's because they believe the show will sell better this way.

Even adding subtitles to the song is skipped sometimes. Someone unable to understand the lyrics can appreciate a catchy tune without being distracted by the (often unimpressive) lyrics.

Indeed! Usually you'd see companies subtitle the songs, since they're subtitling the rest of it anyway, but, yeah, it may save themselves that tiny bit more money by doing that. It may also be a case that the song's recording company in Japan, for one reason or another, disallowed the English company from subtitling the song, or providing them the lyrics for the song.

Heh... I remember watching fansubs of Bleach and seeing them change the subtitles on the theme song when they realized they misheard something. What I remember is "G-O-O-D-Y" became "G-O-O-D-Bye".


text:
In what order should I watch the Death Note movies?
I recently watched the Death Note anime and I found there are two movies. Is there an order I should watch them in?

Sorry but I'm talking about anime movies Death Note: Relight: Visions of a God and Death Note: Relight 2: L's Successors

I generally don't count the anime movies as "movies" because of how much they try to cover in a couple of hours so when I see Death Note Movie I think the live action ones

So what are they then

I think one of the wikia pages calls one of them an OVA but not seeing them as movies is just my oppion. some people may like seeing ~614 minutes compressed down to ~240 minutes.

So are they remake of death note or whole new plot or something like

They are retelling of the original stories through the shinigami's perspective

There are actually 3 movies, and all 3 were released in chronological order.
Death Note
This is the first movie in which Light finds the Death Note. However, it ends before Light and Misa meet, and deviates slightly from the manga.
Death Note: The Last Name
This is when Misa and Light end up meeting and...

 L finds out Light is Kira by writing his own name in the Death Note, making him immune to Rem killing him. Thus, his death scene in front of Light was an act.

L: Change The World
This one is a spin-off set just before the end of the second movie...

 where we see L die in the last scene. The movie takes place during the time L had left before his life was to end because of him writing his name in the Death Note. This movie is also where we first see the live adaptation of Near when L takes a boy he meets to Wammy's House and names him Near.

As for the Anime Movies Death Note Relight: Visions of a God and Death Note Relight 2: L's Successors, these are in chronological order as

 the second movie is when Near and Mello appear; they only appear when L dies.

However, while they are feature-length, these are more of an abridged version of the anime, much like the first 2 Puella Magi Madoka Magica movies (though the difference is that while the 2 Madoka movies cover 12 x ~25 minute episodes, the 2 Death Note anime movies covers 37 x ~25 minute episodes).
But unlike the live-action movies, the anime movies can be considered a continuation from the anime as Ryuk is actually telling another Shinigami about his experience in the Human World when he was with Light,

 and there is a fan theory that says that the Shinigami is Light. However, the rules of the Death Note invalidate this theory.

Yes there is,
First would be: Death Note (film) which was latter the same year (2006) followed up by a second movie: Death Note 2: The Last Name
The second movie continues on where the first one left off. Which is

 When Misa receives a second Death Note from Rem, another Shinigami. As Light joins the task force after Shiori's funeral, Misa becomes the second Kira and forces a TV station into broadcasting her tapes.


text:
Is Natsu Dragneel "END" in the Fairy Tail anime adaptation?
So I've heard/read that Natsu is END (Etherious Natsu Dragneel), but in the anime END doesn't get activated. In the manga we see that Zeref's reveals who he/it is, but not in the anime.
Is Zeref going to come back and awaken END (Because I'm sticking with the anime, not the manga)? Or is Natsu END even in the anime? (It could just be Hiiro not sticking with the manga?)

The anime has yet to reach that particular part of the manga. When it does, Natsu's background will probably be revealed.

@Omry really ? Oh ,, I didn't realize it ,, but thank you☺✨

@Omry the anime has revealed that point, though it may have been in an after credits scene, but it was before the 1 year timeskip, which the anime went on hiatus an episode or two after that.

Zeref has confirmed Natsu is E.N.D Etherios Natsu Dragneel. Zeref also confirmed that Natsu is his brother.
The "activate" metaphor the manga uses is to hint that Natsu is not truly aware of his identity. Natsu lives in an ignorant bliss - the cause of this is unknown. E.N.D would therefore be activated when Natsu knows who he truly is and acts in that capacity.

As was pointed out in the comments, they jumped ahead a bit on the reveal of Natsu's identity. Towards the end of the episode where Fairy Tail was disbanded, while Natsu is wandering off to go training...we cut over to Zeref telling Natsu to surpass him, and addresses him by his full name: Etherius Natsu Dragneel.
Per the Manga, We discover that Natsu is (probably) E.N.D. in Chapter 416, but it is fully and completely confirmed a few chapters later.
The anime went on hiatus as of Episode 277, which is adapted from Chapters 417 and 419...so if they followed the manga strictly, we wouldn't know yet. But, obviously, they wanted to pull that reveal before the series went on hiatus again.
So yes. Natsu is E.N.D.

The anime already had Zeref say Natsu was END. It was right before the 1 year timeskip, right after makarov disbands fairy tail i believe. The anime went on hiatus one episode (maybe 2) after the 1 year timeskip.

@Ryan I guess I have to rewatch that part ,, but thank you☺

I went and looked, Chapter 416, Page 36 is where Zeref Officially reveals Natsu is indeed END.


text:
What does the letter at the end of Patema Inverted mean?
Near the end of the movie, we see the letter from Lagos. However it seems to be encoded. What does it mean?

According to this post on MyAnimeList forums, this is the message:

From: ?AIA Sent: Tue???y,??ly 29,v???x ?:30PM To: Ma????ng list fre?ds
  Cc: ?? com?unity Subject: We are alive. Attachments: I?mage582
  Image6?5 Im??e661
This E-mail is an appeal to all recipients.
We are alive We were spared the effects of the anti-gravity
  experiment.
We have yet to fully grasp the extent of the destruction But we are
  absolutely certain that one particular undamaged area remains; namely,
  the area on the exact opposite side of the Earth's mantle. This is the
  reverse side of the Earth's axis.
After settling that area, we pushed forward with research into the
  repair of gravity inversion. Now it seems a successful breakthough may
  by just out of reach. We have placed our hopes in the networks still
  online in each area, and are transmitting this E-mail all over the
  Earth.
To all recipients: please print as many copies of this E-mail as
  possible. Then please distribute those copies to as many people, as
  you can, so that they may know the truth.
We are resolved to wait in here, for generations if necessary.
Latitude 33.3526' N, Longitude 130.2401' E
Please convey this to all peopple on Earth. We are alive.

Here's the location on the map.

maybe you should've explain a bit how did he decipher it.

I'm not sure but I think it was read out loud in full at some point. I watched it some time ago. Maybe if somebody has subtitles on hand they could ctrl+f through it.

Now I am more confused. At the end of the film, are they at Latitude 33.3526' N, Longitude 130.2401' E already?

Potentially, yes. But this is the world after some stuff has gone down and everything changed. It points to an ordinary park in Japan (where the movie was created) which is supposed to be reachable by regular people (of Japan). Perhaps it has some significance to the creators. The rest is up to your imagination.


text:
What is Jonathan Mar's ethnicity?
In the anime it is said that he is from west asia but his name doesn't sound middle eastern. More like a European.

"A child soldier of Arabic origin"

Jonathan is a popular name in the west, but it actually originated from the middle east, that is, Israel. The first Jonathan recorded in history is the son of King Saul, first king of the Kingdom of Israel. It was recorded in the Christian Bible, a name that means "YHWH has given", with YHWH is the name of the Hebrew God.
Mar is even more Arabic as it is an honorary title in East Syriac meaning 'my lord'.
Like Hakase said in his comment, Jonathan Mar is of Arabic origin. Seeing that his name is actually from middle east, Hebrew and Syriac, it further reinforces that he is of Arabic or middle-eastern ethnicity.
You can read more about Jonathan and Mar in Wikipedia.

Thanks so much... Yeah read about it too... Its the same as Joseph.. It has hebrew/middle east origin.


text:
How and why is Subaru connected to the Witch (Satella)?
All throughout the series, specifically, within the second Arc of the story, there are references to Subaru smelling like the Witch's Scent, Giving us the knowledge that he is Definitely connected to her.
Why is this? It's well known that Subaru was pulled from modern day Japan into this Fantasy world, as well as that he has the ability "Return to Death" In which he has the ability to Respawn.
These things most likely have things in common with his relations to the witch, though... What exactly is the relationship? How are they connected?

This has not been made clean in anime yet, and to get more information you would probably have to read manga. But then it would spoil you the anime adaptation.

The Manga is, As far as i'm aware, still only in the second Arc (The Mansion Arc), I asked for an answer, knowing full well it would spoil stuff. Whether or not it's mentioned or not within the anime's span isn't known, so I can't comment there really.
But yeah. Spoilers are fine. As long as they answer my question.

There is a light novel of RE:Zero out there, 8 volumes according to WIKI, so i would assume that we have something there, but I have yet to read it. Normally, we only get 1-2 volumes per season of anime or so.

to dump all i know, the manga had 3 adaptation, each for respective arc. They are Daisshou - Outo no Ichinichi Hen, Dainishou - Yashiki no Shuukan Hen, and Daisanshou - Truth of Zero. The second and third arc manga are released simultanousely. If you're willing for spoilers i suggest get the novels (or get some spoilers on online forums). Although i believe, the novel yet to explain things explicitely.

Satella The Jealous Witch is in love with Subaru. Why though is not known to the current arc of the latest source arc 6 (web) may change in the official version (Published book).
The first time we supposed to see her was supposed to be in the current anime arc which is arc 3 it is not shown during the anime but every time Subaru dies he is transported (symbolizes by the arm grabbing him) to a new timeline while that happen he is transported first to a void places (for depiction look at opening 1 where the places is covered with smokes symbolizing the witches miasma which may explain why the smell grew thicker everytime he re-spawn).
He saw an image of a girl which became clearer every loop. not only thus images pop up the more significant changes that you would observe in the anime (if they didn't cut it) he will hear the whisper of Satella saying 'I Love You' in every attempt of a reveal.(episode 20)
The fact that he say 'I love Emilia' during the Rem scene will put on perspective why Emilia was killed during his attempt to reveal the power

This explains a lot. Thankyou. I have another question, in response. The strength of the Miasma increasing, is this due to his timeline getting closer to hers? Assuming every timeline is set, it wouldn't be too far a stretch to say she's pulling him closer to her, would it?

In theory (im not sure since i basing it in the OP and from what i observe in the series) whenever he arrived at the void the miasma attach itself to his soul/conciousness/memory like when dipping a white towel inside a water full of murky water it will get darker and darker everytime.

Emilia was the Witch when she was younger. Emilia slowly becomes the witch who at some point goes back in time and "fucks everything up" which is why people think the current Emilia is related to the witch which she actually is. Older Subaru is basically the mental essence of all the finger, he went crazy in the future.
It all comes down to one of those complicated time things, like what came first the chicken or the egg. Subaru got pulled back in time, where he met Emilia, who became the witch and he became the finger which led to Subaru being pulled into the past in the first place.

Is this supposition, or does it have sources? If the latter, you might want to include the source of your answer somewhere in it.

Pretty good theory.  I'm guessing by the downvotes it's not cannon, but it wraps up things nicely.

This isnt a fact but a theory but I am starting to learn towards the idea that Emilia is Satella. Subaru is the flugel. Hence the flugel tree and why he planted it. I think Emilia will take the witch genes from Subaru possibly to save him from the insanity? Maybe all 7 witch genes was too much. This also may be why Satella says he loves Subaru. I think that guy might be right about the time travel. Satella said something about Subaru showing him the world,kissing her etc. Anyways yea. Subaru and Emilia somehow travelled back to the past which may be the authority of envy- Time? This also explains why Echidna hates Emilia. Echidna hates Satella. So much deetailsss gah. Anyways we'll know soon enough. Lets be patient :) if Im right. Subaru is in for some deep shit. Is he gonna kill Emilia this time to free her or is he gonna seal her again? Will he save her this time?


text:
Does Ash walk away from the starting pokemon in the anime?
I've not seen the show, but I used to play the video games. In Pokemon Go there is a secret way to get Pikachu by walking away from the starting Pokemon. People on the internet say Ash did so in the anime. Is that true? If not, how can this be explained with anime's events?

In episode 1 of the anime, Ash overslept and was too late to get Bulbasaur, Charmander or Squirtle. Professor Oak then gives him Pikachu.

Ash still got Pikachu this way, but he didn't necessarily 'refuse' Bulbasaur, Charmander, and Squirtle in the sense that literally walking away from them does. This was buy mistake


text:
Why are train scenes so common in anime movies?
In the past 2 years or so I've became a big Japanese anime fan, and I've probably watched 50 movies by now (the only series I watched was Neon Genesis Evangelion). In every movie I watched (and NGE for that matter) there was always some scene in a train - which is way more common than in other genres. I've read about how advanced the trains are in Japan, and I can accept that the average Japanese guy uses the train more than non-Japanese people, yet most of the train scenes are more than just "traveling" scenes and they are usually very emotional.

Can you find me a Hollywood movie (set in the present day) that has no scenes in cars? (You probably can, but the point is that trains are an inextricable part of the average Japanese person's life, particularly for those who live in an urban area.)

@senshin That's why I added "yet most of the train scenes are more than just "traveling" scenes and they are usually very emotional"

As senshin mentioned, train rides are a huge part of the average Japanese person's daily life. Scanning the average daily ridership column on Wikipedia's list of urban rail systems in Japan, you can see that most of the lines are somewhere in the 500,000 range. Tokyo's busiest system, the Tokyo Metro system, carries around 6,000,000  passengers per day across all of its lines. Comparing that with this list of rapid transit systems in the US, you can see that the busiest is New York's subway system, which carries around 9 million passengers per day, but the numbers rapidly fall off and the San Francisco Bay Area's BART system, in fifth place, is only in the 400,000 range. As for US light rail, it starts in the 200,000 range and falls off from there.
As to your second observation, I don't know if you meant something specific by "very emotional", so if I've missed the mark, please do clarify. The most obvious reason why train scenes are more than just traveling scenes is that traveling scenes are bad writing. I ride the train every day, surrounded by a thousand other half-asleep people staring at their phones. It's quite boring. Reproducing that in anime is not a good call, especially when you're making a film and have limited runtime in which to tell your story. So if there's a scene on a train, it's going to advance the story somehow, and emotional scenes are much easier to do on trains than fight scenes or infodumps on classified government projects. In my experience, anime films (that aren't based on an existing series) tend to be more on the dramatic and emotional side anyway, so it's likely that many of their crucial scenes will be emotional ones.
Sometimes the train also serves as symbolism for something; this page suggests that the train in Eva symbolizes Shinji's way of dealing with the world. (Trains are definitely a place where people have their AT fields up at full strength.) The authors set a scene on a train because the fact that it's in a train makes some subtle comment about what's happening in the scene.

Thank you so much! What I meant by "emotional scene" (I have poor English) is exactly what you mentioned about Eva - the scene is usually not about explaining us how the character got from point A to B - but rather has an underlying metaphor, symbol or meaning, and almost always presented to us in a very artistic way. Man I love anime! :)

Love Hina Ending is in a train. Shinji Evangelion is angsty in a train.


text:
Is Edermask based on some legend?
My question: Is Edermask from the manwha Magician by Kim Sarae based on some old legend/myth?
An immortal man searching for the source of his immortality to become a mortal again. If seen this concept before in quiet some anime/manga. Usually these people are also accompanied by some legendary swordsman. Is this based on some old myth/legend or on something else?

It may be related to the "cursed with awesome" trope.

@JonLin I surely think that is related ;). Although his curse is pretty much self inflicted.

This character archetype is similar to protagonist of this short story by Jorge Luis Borges, who seeks the river that made him immortal, so that he can become mortal again.

It seems that several of the other characters and key story points are based upon Greek mythology.  All though this has not been confirmed by the author himself yet.
There is no actual figure in Greek mythology called Edermask/Ethermask/Nenomius, the antagonist Janus does seem to have a Greek counter part. janus, the god of beginnings and passages. Is said to be a 2 faced god. One facing the future, and one facing the past.
This god would fit the image of both the characters as their looks are identical, and behaviour matching that of this particular god. One can not let go of the past, and one only wishes to move forward (very, very roughly transcribed).


text:
Which episodes of "GITS: Arise − Alternative Architecture" are covered by "GITS: Arise − Border" movies?
I recently watched Ghost in the Shell: Arise − Alternative Architecture episode 3 and was dismayed to find that the episode was pretty much a repeat of part of the Ghost in the Shell: Arise − Border 1 movie. I’d rather not re-watch the same content, so I was wondering

Which episodes of the TV series GITS − AA are covered by the GITS − Border movies?
Are there any differences between the repeated stories (IE. extra
scenes/new content/changed plot)?

http://anime.stackexchange.com/questions/2922/in-what-order-should-i-watch-the-ghost-in-the-shell-series covers some of the points. From what I know is the AA is compilation for TV and there may be some extra scenes in the adaptation but the plot and content should be same

I haven't heard about the “GITS: Arise − Border” movies you are talking about (I assume this is what the american licensee decided to call the Arise movies), but the storylines of Arise and Arise: Alternative Architecture overlap. If you already watched the longer Arise movies earlier, then you can skip the episodes 3-8 of AA which are basically the 4 movies split up into two part episodes. I did not do an extensive scene-by-scene or frame-by-frame comparison for all the episodes, but I watched them all in the order they aired and didn't notice any new scenes being added in AA.
I started comparing both versions of Ghost Pain yesterday in a video editor (kdenlive, one of the free editors that supports to show individual frames in the timeline) and got to about 13 minutes playtime until I gave up due to lack of skills to compare both efficiently and provide a usable result. What I found so far is that scenes have been re-arranged and shortened for AA: some scenes have been left out, while some stills appear longer on screen. The first scene in AA for example with the major at the airport in Ghost Pain was originally further in the episode/movie, scenes including dialog with Aramaki (at the cemetery) and Kurutsu (in her office) have been shortened.
Comparing runtimes of the movies and AA episodes it's 58m vs. 2*24m, so you're likely to watch an abridged version of the movies, where roughly 10 minutes of content had to be cut to meet the length required for the television broadcast edition. My guess is that the focus for creating new content was on the episodes Ghost Stands Alone (1, 2), Pyrophoric Cult (9, 10) and the new movie (see below).
If you haven't watched any of this, you probably want to watch in this order: Ghost Stands Alone (AA), Ghost Pain (Arise), Ghost Whispers (Arise), Ghost Tears (Arise), Ghost Stands Alone (Arise), Pyrophoric Cult (AA), New Movie.
Koukaku Kidoutai Arise: Ghost in the Shell
22.06.2013 till 06.09.2014, each episode is about 60 minutes long:

Ghost Pain
Ghost Whispers
Ghost Tears
Ghost Stands Alone

Koukaku Kidoutai Arise: Alternative Architecture
05.04.2015 till 14.06.2015, each episode is about 25 minutes long:

Ghost Stands Alone, Part 1
Ghost Stands Alone, Part 2
Ghost Pain, Part 1
Ghost Pain, Part 2
Ghost Whispers, Part 1
Ghost Whispers, Part 2
Ghost Tears, Part 1
Ghost Tears, Part 2
Pyrophoric Cult, Part 1
Pyrophoric Cult, Part 2

Koukaku Kidoutai: Shin Gekijouban
This is the new movie with a new story set in the Arise universe

Ghost in the Shell Arise - Alternative Architecture, is all of the
  borders (1,2,3,4), but adapted with a TV broadcast in mind, it splits
  up the hour long episodes into TV-length episodes (30 or 45 minutes).
  It also included 2 new episodes (for a total of 8 episode), meant to
  bridge the gap between Arise and GITS:The New Movie. Also it seems
  that Funimation has Licenses the series.

This is an excerpt from Reddit. I enjoyed GITS, but it has been hold for me from sometime. Also from the subreddit

Also, I have seen episodes 1 and 2 of Alternative Architecture, so far
  it's the same as Arise, it just starts off with border:4 and they
  added a new opening and replaced some of the music though the border
  with either silence or different music. (For example, when Kusanagi
  and Batou are taking Emma to unit 501, their is no background music,
  this scene is also intercut with Boma and Paz following the man who
  they captured.) Their is some editing differences, but the main point
  is the last 2 episodes and the new opening. As a side note, the new
  opening is in a different aspect ratio than 16:9, (I believe 2.35:1),
  I also believe that they remixed the opening song for the new film
  with Arise's opening

link to reddit
So it is more in line with the comment posted earlier.


text:
What determines Remuneration in Darker than Black?
What determines the nature of remuneration in Darker than Black?
Is it something ironic?  Similar to one of the contractors smoking even though he hates the thought of smoking.  Or is it some other way?

What determines the nature of remuneration in Darker than Black?

Since it's unclear how exactly does one become a contractor, it's also unclear how is his payment determined.

Is it something ironic? Similar to one of the contractors smoking even though he hates the though of smoking.

No, not necessarily. this wiki says:

Remunerations are typically difficult for the Contractor and range in severity from irritating to painful. However, there have been a few contractors who enjoy their remuneration and at least one who uses it in conjunction with his or her own ability.

For example, Bai's (Hei's sister) obeisance was sleeping, which is neither painful, nor shameful/irritating/etc. Another example is April, whos obeisance is alcohol drinking, which she actually enjoys.
However in general it looks like that obeisance is more likely to be unpleasant to the contractor.


text:
Why is there a war in "Fireball" and "Fireball Charming"?
I know that there isn't any story in the series, but they do sometimes get into details about the setting (Merkur Era 48,650-48,794). Was there any reason given for the ongoing (very long) war with humanity that is constantly raging outside the manor? Or anything that can be gleaned from interviews with writer/director Wataru Arakawa?

There's some explanation in the Japanese Wikipedia, but the portion is unsourced, and we can't tell if this is backed by any official stuff. Quoted and translated below.

On a planet which may or may not be Earth, where dolphins, monkeys, birds and other wildlife and natural environment has already vanished, humans have let robots run the government. However, the robots soon turned to aristocracy, to which humans resisted; and now, the war between the human military and robot aristocrats has been going on for 20000 years.


text:
How did the people in the Naruto Universe forget about their history?
Can somebody explain the timeline of Naruto?
Apparently everything started off with the Sage of the Six Paths creating jutsus (with no info on society before it), and then a couple generations later Konoha is founded. Then about two generations later Naruto becomes this savior of the world.
Judging from this, people forgot even though the span of their history could only be about 1000 years.
Let's say the Six Paths was 1000 years ago and the Konoha as well as the other major hidden villages were founded around 300 years ago.  What happened in those 700 years?
How did the people forget their own history, in such a short time?  Did everybody just forget to tell their children stories about the strong people of their time?  Was there no form of writing or stories passed down generation to generation?
Note: I'm not saying that the history was only 1000 years, it might have been longer or even shorter.  There was no evidence to it so I estimated it by generation.  Each new generation every 60-80 years.

What was forgotten?

So6P did not appear "2 generations ago", but several centuries ago. Jiraiya says so in his flashback about Nagato.

@Looper basically the six path's teaching and his lineage

@deidara-senpai I didn't say that it was just two generations, read ahead and it says that the history of the naruto universe goes to 1000 yrs max, while Konoha goes a couple generations back

1000 years is a short span of time? So6P was not "forgotten" but treated like a myth. Not unlike how a Julius Ceaser in real life. None of us know that he existed, except by reading history books, so it won't be too big a stretch if some centuries later, people start treating him like a myth.

Anyhow, it is important to understand that Konoha was funded some 80 years ago, not 300.

@JNat that shortens the history from where the Sage Existed to the current time, making it even more unlikely that the people forgot...

Was 80 years stated anywhere in the manga or databooks? I think the 2 generations should be more like 4 generations. Hashirama was first generation of Konoha. Sarutobi was second gen. Naruto is basically on the same generation as Konohamaru, whom is Sarutobi's grandson, so that makes Naruto the 4th gen.

I think this is the same with us. How did we forget where we came from?

I've mostly forgotten, so I won't post an answer, but didn't the Uchihas' tablet have information on Six Paths? Maybe the Uchiha wanted to keep that information to themselves, so they deliberately tried to erase it from human memory.

@krikara According to the Databooks, the Village was founded just short of 50 years before Naruto was born, and Hiruzen (third Hokage) was about 8 years old at the time. Hiruzen died when naruto was 13, and he was 69 years old. So the village, as of the 4th great Shinobi war, was just short of 65 years old.  http://naruto.wikia.com/wiki/User:ShounenSuki/Timeline is the timeline, and Hiruzens Wiki page has his age.

Naruto/Naruto Shippuden is mainly focused on the tale of the gutsy, unpredictable, strong willed protagonist ninja Naruto. Everything that relates to him is shown in the story.
Of course, the sage of Six Paths taught people the Jutsu. An art of fighting to protect themselves or the weak to retain humanity on earth. The human race were then able to use Justsu to at least fight against beasts/animals (for example, the ten-tails which attacked)
People later started to misuse Jutsu, stemming from their hunger for power and wealth.
The history prior to Rikudō Sennin is not important to Naruto's story so it is not mentioned anywhere. That doesn't mean that the people have forgotten everything.

First about your thinking about the timeline, then about the question itself:
It's simple theory, but I'd say: the First founded the village, he was reigning as Hokage almost at the same time as his brother, the Second. The Second's student would become the Third, and the Third's student's pupil would become the Fourth, and the Fourth Hokage's son is Naruto. I don't know exactly the lifespan of a Shinobi, but if we think, and according to the pictures of each Hokage on the narutopedia, we could assume that:

The First was roughly 40+, his brother was younger (prior to their deaths).
The Second had in his team the Third when he died. I'd say that Sarutobi was 16.
That would mean that Hashirama was around 25 when Hiruzen was born and when he battled THAT battle against Madara after founding the Leaf Village.
Hiruzen died at 60 maybe 70.
Minato was still young when he was made Hokage, maybe 20 at least 25, the date almost to coincide with the day when Naruto was born, around 17 years before the Fourth Shinobi War.

That being said, the foundation of Konoha was around 85 years ago, but anyway, at least 100.
As for the question, just think about it: in those 100 years, they had four great Shinobi Wars, before that, on the war-torn era. They practically had massacre over massacre, so since the beginning of the Narutoverse, we can talk just about blood and hatred and killing (as it was said by Pain). So I think they didn't forget their history, they just don't want to remember those times, and tell these kinds of stories to their own children.
Plus, I can't imagine an Uchiha telling stories about the Hyuuga clan. That would mean that he would be able to pass only their own history, but not all clans were direct descendants of the Sage of Six Paths, so they don't have or have only a short history. That would be another reason, too.


text:
Boss Battles in Sword Art Online
Why were many stages and levels skipped in Sword Art Online.  You see that they start at level one in the first episode but then later they skip to higher levels.
Why did the makers skip levels?  Was it because it would take too long?

I hear it's slightly more convoluted in the visual novels, as it doesn't even stick to a single arc for the first chapter.

SAO first started as story for writing competition. But it was too long, so author didn't enter the competition and instead published it on the web. After that, it gained lot of popularity so author continued. This implies he never planned to write more. Also, it is said he was quite young and it was his first work. It was later on turned into light novels.
It began with SAO part with first chapter being introduction and how they got stuck in game. Then next chapter skips 2 year forward and how Kirito clears the game.
The next chapters are side stories, that happen chronologically somewhere in those 2 years.
After that comes ALO and the rest.
So it is obvious there wont be any continuity, because author never wanted to write such a story. And like Ikzer said, he is rewriting/retconing the story with SAO:Progressive

It has many reasons. First, in the original novels they are a little more explained, but not much, so even in that original script it was skipped. Perhaps in first place all that happens in-between was less interesting.
However, starting this year Reki Kawahara (the novel's author) has begun to write the spin-off: Sword Art Online: Progressive, that explains precisely all that happens in-between during the Aincrad storyarc.


text:
How was the agent of the other research facility saved?
Elfen Lied's manga's ending has many ambiguous points, but at least it is possible to make up a satisfying explanation for most of them. One I couldn't make anything up for, however, was this:
There is an agent spy from a different research facility whose name I forgot. He helped the assistant escape during the Diclonius outbreak in the manga by holding the elevator brakes.
He was cornered, and it is suggested that he was killed. Until the end of the manga, of course, where apparently he survives and has no idea how.
I have no idea what saved him. What was it?
For a moment I considered that an earthquake just made a bigger hole that killed the opponents, but as far as I can remember, there were no more earthquakes at that specific moment.

The agent spy was a woman, and her name was not revealed in the story.

@yibe: Now that's a disturbing turn of events... XD

@Mochan: Hm? Why do you say that?

Oops! Sorry, wrong question. Very sorry DX

That's a good question, I like it.
Spoilers up to the last chapter of the manga below.
Here is what the Agent says in the last chapter:

I suppose what really saved her was

 the Vector Attack Craft, the same one that save Arakawa on the shore. The Vector Attack Craft was developed in Saseba - a research project of the government, basically ruled by the same people that were the Agent's bosses. So the guys in the Vector Attack Craft had some kind of motivation to save the Agent.