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How does Kihara Amata's device to bypass Accelerator's passive redirection actually work, and should it work at all?
Disclaimer: I watched only the anime. (And read Toarupedia)
In season 2 of Index we are introduced to Kihara Amata, one of the scientists who worked on researching Accelerator's ability. He attacks him head on which usually proves fatal for the attacker depending on their attack strength and punches Accelerator. Then Accelerator creates a wind tornado and attacks Amata. However, Amata dispels the attack into thin air.
Now the thing that bugs me is how he managed to punch Accelerator and the anime's explanation. Amata narrates what he is deeply knowledgeable about the inner workings of Accelerator's ability and points out that his redirection shield switches the directions of objects which come in contact with it and the trick to bypass it is to pull back your fist just at the moment of contact and the shield will switch direction of the fist which would be backwards right into Accelerator (or somehow the momentum of the punch and not the fist it is not perfectly clear to be honest).
The problem in this explanation is that we are quite often told that Accelerator's shield's speed is equal or faster than the speed of light because his ability reflects UV and other radiation (at least UV travels in speed close to speed of light) which means that to bypass the shield and trick it into letting through an attack Amata would have to move at speeds which are faster than the speed of UV rays or the speed of light, which is absurd even given the fact that he apparently replaces his hand with artificial one.
To illustrate, imagine what you are standing before a big Vector field which is slightly visible. It is of a size of a wall or something. You see Kihara Amata on the other side running at the wall going for a punch. There are few things what could happen here:

Amata moves faster than the shield can react and punches you in the
face.
The shield's reaction time is much much higher than Kihara's time (and that includes calculations to determine whether the vector brings harm/no harm, as shown wth UV), Kihara moves his fist close to the edge of the field and then pulls back. Nothing happens, as the fist did not make contact.
The shield's reaction time is still higher than Amata's punch,but this time Amata goes for the punch-pullback on the edge of the field, entering it slightly. As shield is too fast for him, Amata breaks his arm moment he even makes contact with the field, and there is no time for him (as per his relative slowness of movement) to even begin to pullback, as the shield already made calculations and reacted with at least speed higher than UV.

The only way the punch bypasses the shield is if it's movement speed is faster than the field's reaction. This way, it is possible to just ignore the shield as it does not even have time to make calculations if it is slower than the vector's speed.
Even if for a moment we imagine that Amata invented a way for his hand to harmlessly move at the speed of light or rather faster than the shield can react as we are never told in the anime whether the shield has any speed limits, his punch would just go through the shield, and if Amata pulls back, shield still would not have time to react and nothing happens. However that Amata can give a punch that travels at the speed of light is highly doubtful, so we can assume that the trick is something else and he bluffs.
But what is it? Did the guy who wrote the script decide to include plot induced stupidity or is there an in-verse explanation which actually makes sense?
Edit: @Ryans comment's about with theory of possible exploit of the the shield got me thinking. If the field decides whether to reflect or not, and let's some things in, perhaps it could be exploited by first just moving slowly and entering the field. The field would mark the vector "non-harmful" and allow the hand in. Then the hand would suddenly accelerate into opposite direction of the shield's emittor (i.e. Accelerator) and the shield would mark the vector as "harmful" and switch the directions of the hand. Though this seems odd now that I think about it more, because the moment shield would switch direction of the fist it would become "harmful" again, would not it switch the direction of the vector again this time away from the field emittor? Now, one other things I wonder about is why Kihara's hand when he punches Accelerator does not fly towards him and instead the momentum of the punch does? This is certainlynot the case with bullets, when the field switches their directions, they fly away, not the momentum of theirs. But in anime it is shown that when Kihara sends a punch to Accelerator, when he executed his trick, it's not his fist what goes towards Accelerator after being switched by the shield, but the momentum. Thois seems to leave much room for speculation (for example, would the field even classify a hand, of any velocity "non-harmful"? We never see in the anime and in other materials as far as I can tell from Indexpedia anyone touch Accelerator in a non-harmful way (aside from when Accelerator magines what a normal childhood would be like in Railgun S, but this is obviously in his head).
So far, it seems there is not enough information but as far as I see, @Ryan's theory seems to be the most plausible one.

Allow me to edit my theory slightly. Emphasis on a true passive reflection being subconscious, but at the same time its not like a CPU, thus its programming is very simple to allow it to process so quickly (like dealing with UV). The punch would under normal circumstances never hit Accelerator, which is how it bypasses his filter initially. However, once the punch begins accelerating away from him, it triggers the analysis, an accelerating fist at close range. Its deemed a threat, and the filter does what its programmed to do, reverse the vector. SO its more like a bug in the programming.

@Ryan Still, even a normal touch could be classified as harmful. For example, what if a hand was infected wth disease or there was poison on it? Would the shield allow it? This we do not know for now. But, it is possible, so in theory, let's imagine what it is, perhaps, it would act according to your theory. But then I think about it, it is somwhat tricky in a way, i.e. the shield first registers the hand as non harmful (lets say it would for the purpose of speculation), allow the hand in. The hand enters inside the field and begins accelerating towards the shield emmitor.

@Ryan The field register the vector as ' harmful " and switches the vector. The hand is now moving at the field emittor. The shield did what it is programmed to do and sits back idle. This is plausible, yes.. But there is one problem, which is whether the field would allow the hand to enter in the first place. Though there is not much place for discussing about this, as it could possibly be either way and we simply does not have enough info. And I advice you turn your theory into an answer, as as the discussion currently stands I think it has highest chance of being correct.

(aside from my boring theory xd) It is not really a bug though but rather a missing feature. The point on which your theory stands is what Accelerator's Vector shield misses one feature: knowledge of it's relative position to the shield's emittor [Accelerator]. So, for instance if a punch is directed in Accelerator's way, it mighth have direction of "+150" but if it would suddenly have direction of "-120" it would ignore it even if the vector itself can be classified as "harmful" as it moves away from the position of the shield emmitor.

Accelerators filter is powered by his brain. He can't do extensive calculations without slowing the speed down greatly, and more importantly, like a computer, it can only perform that fast because it was told what to do beforehand. Its set to flip vectors, and Accelerator never thought to program for a threat from the inside, figuring it could never get there to begin with. Such costly processing time to cover for a super rare and (in accelerators mind at least) effectively impossible situation, which also slows down the filters processing speed and increases mental burden, not worth it to him

Incidentally, there's a wikia page for this technique. The fans call it the Kihara Counter.
As far as I can tell, the explanation is meant to be taken at face value. Later on in the light novels, other people have attempted to replicate the technique (or at the very least, demonstrated the potential to replicate the technique) with varying levels of success.
For example, in volume 19, chapter 3, part 8, Sugitani manages to land a hit on Accelerator using this technique, although he injures his hand in the process because his execution of the technique isn't perfect.
Wandering more into speculation territory...
This technique does seem a bit farfetched. However, I don't think the technique involves any light speed shenanigans. Both Kihara and Sugitani are humans without any special augmentations, as far as I can tell (although Sugitani does happen to be a ninja), so the technique ought to be achievable using human-level reflexes and speed (or thereabouts).
Keep in mind that although Accelerator's passive reflection may seem straightforward (just reflect all the things, right?) there is lots of complexity to it that leaves it vulnerable to exploitation. Let's review the details of his passive reflection ability:

His ability can reverse any oncoming vector that comes towards the field.
His ability acts passively and automatically. In other words, his ability can reflect high velocity projectiles such as bullets that he obviously could not consciously react to.
He subconsciously establishes a filter that analyzes everything as harmful or not. This filter reflects any harmful things.
His filter allows certain non-harmful things to pass through out of convenience. This includes gravity, air, pressure, light, heat, and sound.

The main vulnerability here is his harmful/not harmful filter. If his filter doesn't recognize the projectile as harmful, then it will get through. For example, Teitoku's Dark Matter wings manage to bypass Accelerator's redirection during their fight in volume 15 because Accelerator's filter doesn't recognize the exotic matter.
If you think about it, all of the harmful vectors that his ability reflects are incoming vectors. Bullets that go right toward him. UV rays that go right towards him. Shockwaves, explosion fronts, and so on that all go directly towards him. As a result, Accelerator's harmful/not harmful filter is probably very good at recognizing these sorts of threats.
However, a punch that goes right towards him and then stops right on the edge of his AIM field and then reverses is a very unusual edge case. I doubt his filter has much experience with vectors that follow this pattern. As a result, it's not implausible his subconscious filter would misclassify the fist as "not harmful" and then perhaps "harmful" again when the hand suddenly begins to accelerate in a reverse direction, and then perhaps get confused with the outgoing direction and cause it to reflect inwards.
If you're familiar with neural networks, there are lots of models these days that approach superhuman performance in various classification tasks, such as the ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge. However, it easy to construct adversarial data inputs that fool the classifier (for example, see High Confidence Predictions for Unrecognizable Images and One Pixel Attack Defeats Neural Networks).
In a similar vein, with Kihara knowing what he does about Accelerator's powers, I think it's quite plausible that with enough computing power, Kihara could figure out an adversarial vector sequence that could fool Accelerator's harmful/not harmful filter. Or indeed, as Moe Epo's answer suggests, it's also a possibility that Kihara implanted the bug/exploit intentionally.
However, it should be noted that once Accelerator figures out the exploit, he can easily adjust his calculations to take that into account. He has indeed done so with Dark Matter during his battle against Teitoku in volume 15.

Actually sounds really clever, the Ability naturally reflects UV and such, but a punch is so slow by comparison it doesn't trigger. Even better, when the punch enters range, it is slowing down, and thus not a threat and bypasses the filter. Then he stops and pulls back the punch, but at this time, the more active part of his passive filter which decides everything else finishes processing the situation and recognizes it as a punch which must be reversed and automatically reverses it. Thus, the punch which is accelerating away from him is reversed into him, and we get the famous 1 inch punch.

Well, Kihara's attack is obviously not like Kakine's "Dark Matter". The problem with this theory is that it ignores the point of speed of Accelerator's shield. If the shield can react at the speed of light it means Kihara's hand's velocity is switched the instant he comes in contact with Accelerator's shield and sends it away, leaving no room or place for any other 'shenanigan'. Kihara simply can not execute the trick of confusing the shield because he is relatively very slow.

@Ryan your comment got me thinking, I will update the OP regarding this.

Amata is pulling off a Supertask here. (Yes, that is as ridiculous as it sounds).
At every point in time before his fist actually reaches Accelerator, it is still moving forward, though decelerating. At the exact instant his fist actually touches Accelerator, it stops moving - nothing to reflect.
He then pulls his fist back.
Because his fist is touching Accelerator, it gets reflected - but because it's accelerating away from Accelerator, reflecting it causes it to accelerate into Accelerator.
It's not really a punch - more of a hard shove. This is especially obvious in a later scene where Accelerator's collar runs out of charge, and Amata starts 'kicking' Accelerator while he is down. The novel notes that if he was kicking him normally, he probably would have killed him.
(Remember, Accelerator is actually really fragile with his powers off - Touma jabs at him, not punches, because he is terrified Accelerator will grab his forearm and make him explode.)

My theory is that Kihara Amata indeed bluffs and in reality he actually implanted some subtle bug (perhaps activated by a particular soundwave as IIRC Amata mentions something about soundwaves) in Accelerator's power while he developed/researched it. We may ask why he did not just implant a bug which allowed him to disable Accelerator's powers all together and possible answer to that is that Amata could only create a bug subtle enough for Accelerator to not notice while using his ability and the bug could be only extended as far as to bypass Accelerator's redirection shield on contact and his "wind-based powers". This is the only explanation I can come up with which may be in-verse without just damping it on the authors despair to make a match for Accelerator and thus include PIS in his story, though even then I think my theory might be a bit far fetched considering that it's never mentioned again in the anime and as far as I read Toaru wiki, in the source material as well in any form. I admit this might be the only possible theory in-verse.


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What are all the saiyans transformations branches in Dragon Ball series?
Saiyans can turn into Super Saiyan using their proper Ki, but they can also goes to Super Saiyan God using divine ki. Then, Broly & Kale have the Berserker form, etc.
What are all the main branches of transformations in Dragon Ball series?

I'm posting a new answer because I got your question wrong. If I understand correctly, this is what you are asking.

Regular super saiyan transformation (SSJ1, SSJ2, USSJ, SSJ3, etc.)
Super Saiyan god, Saiyan beyond god (saiyan using god ki)
Super Saiyan Blue, Mastered Super Saiyan Blue, Super Saiyan Evolution (saiyan using god ki and turning into super saiyan)
Legendary Super Saiyan, Super Saiyan Berserker, Legendary Super Saiyan 2, etc. (only certain types of special saiyans can achieve it)
Super Saiyan Rage (unknown what it takes to get it)
Super Saiyan Rose (god in the body of a super saiyan)
Ultra Instinct Omen, Mastered Ultra Instinct (assuming that aside of a skill it's a saiyan transformation in the way Goku gets it, with that aura and hair and eyes etc achievable by anyone in theory)
Oozaru, Golden Oozaru (non canon) (saiyan with tale who sees the moon)
Super Saiyan 4 (non canon, it requires the saiyan to have a tale)

Also, there is a way to transform to a ssj4 without a tail, using specials machines that emit blutz waves. Such a machine was constructed by Bulma that allowed baby and Vegeta to transform: http://dragonball.wikia.com/wiki/Blutz_Wave_Generator

what about SSB Vegito and SSJ Vegito?

source: Stack Exchange

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

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What is the correct chronology in Sword Art Online what light novel and manga volumes?
There are manga and light novels in Sword art online with three simultaneous separate series.  What is the way to chronologically read this series?

The manga is just an adaptation of the Light Novels, so it follows the arcs in the original LN.

Aincrad
Fairy Dance
Phantom Bullet
Caliber
Mother's Rosario
Alicization

The Girl Ops manga can be read at any point after the Fairy Dance arc, as it's just a side-story.
Progressive is a reboot of sorts of the Aincrad arc, exploring from the first floor onwards, so it can be read on its own whenever you want.

This is not correct in that Mother's Rosario was never a name for an arc. Mother's Rosary is correct and is corroborated with the the publisher, Wikipedia, isbn, Amazon, and every dated and referenced authorities that have super control of any type of modifications to this format.

all_licenses: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
When will the Fruits Basket reboot start airing?
It will show this year, but when is the exact date it will air?  Funimation and the team in Japan have officially announced to a simulcast meaning the agreement make it together aired and was an effort to decide to decide what time  was aleady reviewed and decided.  My research was able to find that it appeared to be in an agreement for early April to begin.

No exact date has been given yet other than "April 2019."
Source: https://comicbook.com/anime/2019/01/19/fruits-basket-reboot-character-designs-additional-cast/

See this for some guidance, @fingertrick ;)

@JNat thank you due to the scrutiny I am countering information to warrant my comments and questions and rules.  I wrote a detailed examination of the reason why whoever put this on hold off topic wasn't fitting with the specific information.  Further more my edit to Allieon needs approval or it may not make not show why it didn't meet put on hold-of topic.  This is likely helpful as a comment to clarify a situation.


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What is this OST in the 1st season of My Hero Academia?
In the the episode 10 of the 1st season of My Hero Academia, the music starts around 15:00 (more precisely at 14:53). It is also available in episode 9 of season 3 at 15:47.
What is this song?

The name of this OST is Mind of Evil. This OST is by Yuki HAYASHI and can be found in the track 27 (YouTube link) of My Hero Academia Original Soundtrack.


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What's this music in Darling in the FranXX?

It's Hiro and Zero Two during their childhoods when they are separated by the guards :

https://youtu.be/gqvZJMcIxHA?t=66 . (spoil)
The OST start at 1 minute and 6 seconds.
Also, this OST is in the 13th episode and start at 21 minutes and 17 seconds
Thank you for your help !

After a few days of research, I found it : this is the 4th ending of Darling in the FranXX : Hitori
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ltXFpzHxcoY


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Song played in Episode 77 start of My Hero Academia Season 4
In episode 77 of the anime Boku No Hero Academia Season 4, what is the name of the song played at the start with that glitchy tune?

I love that one too! It’s track 43 from the second season’s original soundtrack. A video transcribed the title as “Honki de Tatakitsubusu Shozon.” Not sure if that’s correct, but hope it helps!


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How many years do hero students study at U.A. to become professional heroes?
So far from the anime I remember there is a Class A and a Class B for students, and in episode 24th from season 3, 3 students from a superior year appeared to give a talk to the students from Class A. How many years do hero students study at U.A. until they become professional heroes?

3 years
According to web-japan.org (emphasis mine):

The basic school system in Japan is composed of elementary school (lasting six years), middle school (three years), high school (three years), and university (four years).

Considering that U.A. is a high school, we can conclude that students study for three years before graduating and becoming professional heroes.
However, it may be important to note that in Season 3, Episode 22:

 Class 1-A was able to obtain their provisional hero licences, allowing them to do limited work as pro heroes.

Knowing this, this could change the answer to:

 Under 1 year.

I'll leave it to you to decide what the answer is.


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Does Asuna speak English?
In episode 5 of the English sub of Sword Art Online: Alicization, Asuna infiltrates the Ocean Turtle facility disguised as Mayumi Reynolds.
When she arrives at the facility, she says "nice to meet you" to the guard who greets her in English. Further in, when another guard asks her to remove her sunglasses and confirm her identity, she replies "sure" in English.
Does Asuna have any significant English speaking ability? Or did she simply learn a few words in order to solidify her disguise?

Yuuki Asuna went to an all girls private school before the events of SAO. So I'm pretty sure she would have learned it at her school during that time. Most Japanese schools teach English as a curriculum. But sadly a lot of Japanese people still don't have "fluent English conversation abilities".
Considering how serious she was about clearing the game, I would guess that she probably also took her school work very seriously. And hence most definitely picked up the lot of the English phrases which she then used in SAO.

To add to Rumplestiltskin's answer, Asuna was raised in a strict environment by her parents, particularly, her mother. In the novel, there was a scene where her mother was angry with her and ban her from playing games so that she can study more (although she is not lagging behind in her study).
Because of this, I'm sure that Asuna is fluent in English. At least for a Japanese she is fluent. By that I mean her English would possibly still have a heavy Japanese accent.

If nothing else she learned on the helicopter ride to Rath, I’m sure she and Rinko has a plan, as she was studying in California I’m sure two quick sentences were discussed as it was a huge ruse to get Asuna back to the love of her life


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Why didn't the entire village know Naruto was Minato's son?
Besides the out of universe reason that his identity was hidden as a plot device, is there any in universe reason people don't know Naruto is the 4th Hokage's son?
After all, Minato was married to Uzumaki Kushina. She must have been pregnant for a while before her and Minato's death. Being the wife of the 4th Hokage, she must have been, at least to some degree, a celebrity figure. Everybody would have known she was pregnant. She must have been sporting a good baby bump for at least a couple months before her death. Shortly after the time of her death, there's suddenly a newborn baby named Uzumaki Naruto wandering around (that happens to have a striking resemblance to the 4th, which becomes more and more obvious as he ages), and nobody made the connection they were related?

Suddenly orphaned, Naruto was left to grow up knowing nothing of his parents, receiving only his mother's last name because the Third Hokage thought that it was best that nobody knew that he was related to the Fourth Hokage.

I know that the Third hid his relation to the 4th, but simply using the 4th's wife's last name doesn't seem like it would be very effective. Was that really all it took to fool just about EVERYBODY? Is there some other explaination to Naruto's anonymity?

Speculation, Nine tailed fox invasion was a full scale war and Naruto likely was not the only orphan (Iruka). People expect what they want to see. A son of Hokage is like a celebrity (Konahamaru - Honorable Grandson) and treated well in the village. People would assume everyone died together, 4th Hokage, Kushina and 3rd's Wife as well. While Naruto would be hidden among other orphans probably a son of a refugee (Uzumaki village is no more). What I'm saying is its like Superman's Glasses, people have pre conceived notions and they confirm what they see not question its logic.

@Arcane I suggest you post your comment as an answer. While it is speculation, it is speculation based on fact (that there were likely hundreds of orphans and Naruto would have just been one of the hundreds), and that could have been sufficient to hide his identity. Although, in my opinion, it doesn't completely explain it, since there were so few Uzumaki left, and as far as I'm aware, Kushina was the only one in Konoha at the time of the 9 Tails attack.

@JunKang Elaborated the points I felt were necessary. Addressing your concer Kushina was the only Uzumaki like Minato was the only Namikaze. She may be the only one living in the Village but she came from "somewhere". The more likely explanantion is that Uzumaki homeland was destroyed, there were still some Uzumaki in land of Fire probably nomadic. 3rd contacted them for someone with Uzumaki blood to be heir to the Jichuriki. This only makes sense rather than a random girl being found at the right moment

@Arcane I think your answer is probably the best I'll get to explain Naruto's anonymity. My only issue, in my opinion your answer doesn't explain, is the fact that Kushina is the only Uzumaki in Konoha. You said likely there were still some Uzumaki in the land of Fire probably nomadic, but I don't think that's accurate. There are only scattered survivors and Kushina was selected to be the new jinchūriki and came to the village BEFORE the Uzumaki clan was destroyed. While I'm not saying there CAN'T be other Uzumaki clan members wandering around, there is no evidence for that.

After all, we have a list of all known Uzumaki clan members: Nagato, Fusō (Nagato's Mom), Karin, Karin's Mom (Anime only), Ashina (leader of clan before destruction), Mito (old jinchūriki ), Kushina, Menma (Movie alternate universe), and Naruto. Excluding Boruto and Himawari for obvious reasons. Given that there's no evidence of any surviving groups of Uzumaki clan members, I can't image people not making the connection between Naruto and Kushina. But given that your answer explains everything else, except that specific issue in my eyes, I'm willing to say that is probably just a plot hole.

The plot addresses and accomodates as much characters as its needed. What was important to the storyline was the end result not how it happened. But yeah, maybe someone will ask the author. I feel we don't see any Namikaze clan members for the same reason. There was no need for the plot.

I thought I recalled it being specifically stated that one of the reasons that Naruto was such an outcast was precisely because the adults knew he had the 9-tails.  It was at the behest of the Third that they all concealed this fact from Naruto and the younger generations. But many still harbored fear and hatred for him, which colored his whole life and his peers' perceptions for a long time.

While I don't like posting speculative answers, upon plenty of time and thought I think this is the best I can think of. Expanding on my comment on the question, I'll try to logically conclude why many didn't relate the boy Naruto with the son of Hokage.

We see the scale of invasion pretty early in the episode and see it
was a sudden war worse than the attack by the Sand/Sound villages.
The strategy of saving the villagers probably resulted from the
Nine-Tailed Fox Attack. The knowledge of Jinchuriki is SECRET
information and wasn't revealed to anyone but the Hokage and top-tier Anbu.
Hence, while plenty of people had seen Kushina pregnant,
no one knew the significance of the birth (even Minato didn't know).
The sudden death of the Fourth and his wife naturally led people to
conclude the worst. We also know that some Anbu and the Third's wife died
as well. When so many people die together, how can they assume a new
born baby survive?
We know of at least two orphans from the Nine-Tailed attack. Iruka and
    Naruto. (I believe Kurenai's parents died too, but not sure if it was
    filler). When the Third Hokage retook the position, the village was
    turmoil, and plenty of rehab efforts were made, including for orphan
    children whose parents had died. Uzumaki Village is extinct, but
    there may have been several wandering clans in the Land of Fire (not the
    village), who may have visited the village. And Naruto may've been
    thought to be the son of guests who unfortunately died in the attack.
    The nature of the Third's kindness is well known and no one would question
    his interest in the kid of a guest of the village who died because
    of the failure.
The Hokage's family are treated as special in village. Tsunade (the First's
granddaughter), Asuma (ran away from home to escape the shadow of
Hokage's son), Konohamaru (Honorable Grandson + Special Tutor) and
even Boruto (Konohamaru would naturally take him in). Everyone likes
them. Treats them with respect. In Naruto's case only the shadow of
fear lingered, and it didn't change. If he were "special" why didn't
anybody intervene? This created the vicious circle of some people
staying away because of the fear that being the Fourth's son makes him
a target (Kakashi), some jounin let him be (Shikaku), some actively
shunned him. This shunning gradually increased and seeped into the
kids as well. No one expects a village oddball to be that of Hokage
heritage.
The most important point is hiding in plain sight. Naruto isn't
the first nor the last to use this technique for hiding the true
nature of main character. Superman is a prime example. People don't
expect "special" people to live among the common! What they don't
expect they just don't see it. This is true in real life as well.

So I read on naruto.fandom.com that Kushina’s pregnancy was actually kept in secrecy from the general public. So even though no other child in the village has striking yellow hair, like the fourth, except naruto, there technically still isn’t a reason to relate him to the fourth because no one of the general population would have a reason to speculate that the fourth had a child. I also read that Kushina was to be the next jinchiriki of her generation because she had special chakra.So she was sent from the Uzumaki clan to Konoha and enrolled in the school. And since everyone knew that naruto was the jinchuriki I’d assume that everyone knew that Kushina Uzumaki was also the jinchuriki of her generation. It’s also important to note that another Uzumaki possessed the nine tails before Kushina, so when an orphaned kid (after the war when there are many orphans) of the Uzumaki clan shows up  who possesses the nine tails, it’s not really a big whoop and certainly no need to make a connection that the kid may belong to the fourth and his wife Kushina even though he has yellow hair and is an Uzumaki. No one knew the fourth and his wife were expecting a child and when Kushina Uzumaki died they just put the demon in another Uzumaki keeping the trend going for the third generation of the Uzumaki clan.

One reason could be, since Minato was a exceptional shinobi in the third great ninja war, his son could be an easy target to attack and create a hostage situation for the leaf with the absence of Minato. that could be reason for keeping Naruto's profile low and under survelliance by third hokage

It's because Minato stated when Naruto met him first, that if anyone knew that Naruto was his son, then he'd be in danger.

Please include the chapter number too.

This doesn't answer the question.


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What does Guts have in his left arm and when did he get it?
I've just watched the Berserk 1997 series. During the entire series, Guts has both arms,

 until the end where he cuts his left arm in order to try to rescue Casca.

At the beginning of the series, before his story starts to be told, he has an arm that seems to be made of iron or something. It appears to have some firing capabilities, which in this anime series is never explained, or how he got it. What does Guts have in his left arm exactly and when did he get it?

This arm is never explained in the 1997 version of the anime. The arm is a prosthetic arm with a few abilities, most notably the cannon. It was made by Rickert after the events of the Eclipse. I don't think it is ever mentioned what the arm is made of but I believe it was made using various materials. Guts can not move his fingers of the arm, and the hand has a magnet to hold his sword. He can however, move his fingers when he goes into his berserker state, but that is a result of the Berserker armor, not himself or the arms functionality.
I haven't seen the new Berserk anime yet, only the golden age movies, so I don't know if they elaborate on the arm in the new anime. The golden age movies ends just after the Eclipse, before Guts gets the new arm. I would assume they would elaborate on this in the new anime at some point, in a flashback or something.


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Why did Obito's left hand get detached in this scene?

Why did Obito left hand got melted and detached.. wasn't his right hand made of zetsu.. his left hand was not crushed under the rock.
This is from episode 248.

I think it's a mistake made during the anime production

So you mean this scene?

Well, the way that you're looking at it Obito's right arm was squished, but the truth is that his left arm is squished, it's just the way you're looking at it. :)

Can you explain how is his left arm squished?

@LOL if left arm was squished so should be his left eye. I don't think your answer is valid


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Is there a difference between Dragon Ball Z, Dragon Ball Kai and Dragon Ball Z Kai?
After doing a little research, I saw that Dragon Ball Z Kai and Dragon Ball Kai are the same and that they are just remakes of Dragon Ball Z. Is this correct?
I know that Dragon Ball Z has around 300 episodes and that Dragon Ball Z Kai and Dragon Ball Kai stop after the stage with cell around 100 episodes. So which one is better for watching with an English dub?

I don't think we could answer a subjective question about which one is better in English dub. That part of your post is a separate question, and on its own it wouldn't be on topic here.

Possible duplicate of Will I miss anything by watching Dragon Ball Z Kai instead of the other series?

It's impossible to say which is better because it is a matter of personal opinion. The idea of Dragon Ball Z Kai is to take the best parts of Dragon Ball Z (there was A LOT of filler) and put them together in a better art style (the art "quality" was not as good in the 80's; Kai was made in the 2000's).
The idea was that Dragon Ball Z continually got ahead of its source material, the manga, because it had to make a 20 minute episode every week going along with only 15 pages of manga a week; they would compensate for this by adding in filler episodes to allow the manga to catch back up. So, when they finished Dragon Ball GT, they decided to go ahead and remaster Dragon Ball Z. This time they had all of the source material, and animation technology was better, allowing for a "higher quality" animation. This allowed them to cut out all the filler and just have content that pertains to the story, all in great animation and music.
The reason I put higher quality in quotes is that quality is subjective. I personally like the old style better because I think that the characters are more expressive and the animation has more character; however, the new animation looks really slick and the music is awesome in Kai. It is worth trying out both and seeing for yourself which you prefer, and you can always skip the filler in Dragon Ball Z.

Dragon Ball Z Kai is Dragon Ball Z without the fillers.

Since there can't be one particular answer to this question and others can only give you their opinions, I will say Dragon Ball Z original is much better than Kai and I liked the old voices more than the new ones in the dub version.
The other thing is Dragon Ball Z Kai does not have any fillers. I have watched both, and I even thought that losing all the fillers would be a great thing, but I mostly found it frustrating. Some of Gohan's more awesome rage moments were shortened and worse yet the battles just were not as exciting.

Dragon Ball Z Kai and Dragon Ball Kai are the same rework of the original DBZ. It is called Dragon Ball Kai in Japan just as Dragon Ball Z is called Dragon Ball in Japan. If you want to know the storyline and the main sagas of DBZ then watch Kai, if you want to see all the fillers then you should watch the original DBZ.

Dragon ball Z is the second adaptation of the dragon ball manga, dragon ball kai is a remake of it with less filler, new animated scenes, new script, reworked voice acting, new music
if you are willing to watch dragon ball with filler, aged animation, old voice acting and music, then Z is the way to go
if not, then kai is the way to go

all_licenses: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/


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What was that song that played in my hero academia season 3 episode 12?
What was that song that played in my hero academia season 3 episode 12 where all might is kneeling in front of dekus mom?

In case you still haven't found it, it is called Kimi wo Koete. It is from the 2nd Season OST, heres the link.


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Does Hunter x Hunter manga progress further than the Anime?
I've just finished HxH anime and I still want to know what happened with Krollo and his gang and many other things.

The manga has released new chapters since the conclusion of the Hunter x Hunter 2011 anime. The anime ending corresponds with chapter 338 titled "Atop a Tree", currently there are a total of 380 chapters. I will note that if you are not familiar with Yoshihiro Togashi he takes frequent hiatuses from his work on the Hunter x Hunter manga so it is hard to expect a consistent release schedule. You can see all of the hiatuses here: Hiatus x Hiatus. If you would like some more information on the list of chapters that can be found here: List of Hunter x Hunter Chapters.

Is there a lot of filler in the new chapters?

There is no filler in a manga, filler is only used in anime. Manga is the source material so it is 100% cannon material.


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Where do the ethics of Shonen anime come from?
In shonen anime, there's a type of "ethics" that emphasizes on someone reaching their potential, becoming the greatest, trying no matter what, persevering, etc. But, whenever I've heard about modern Japan, it's always as a very business oriented society that pressures people to work and things like that, so I wouldn't expect that kind of ethics to be a part of actual Japanese society (I don't know much about this topic, so if I'm wrong on that, please tell me).
If that's true, how did that ethics end up in a Japanese medium? The only answer I could think of is through older Japanese and Chinese literature, but I just don't feel like that's good enough to fully explain the problem.

you said that modern Japan pressures people to work right? so these ethics could just be a motivational thing. they want to motivate their youth to work hard and never give up and maybe aim for the highest rate of success. can you imagine if all the people in a society were motivated like that how successful it would be?

Possibly, but it could go either way; while there's something to be gained in those kind of ethics, there's also something to be lost. If I truly want to be the greatest, in the way that the characters I'm talking about do, I can't be following orders from bosses, I would have to go above them.
Also, I don't think an answer to a question like this can be sufficient without taking history into account.

Shounen anime is aimed at young men, so it's also possible that the ethics of shounen anime developed as a counter to the values society expects out of adult men because its audience wanted to rebel against them.

Anime is very derivative. But with each new iteration things change a little. Some masterpiece comes along to redefine the genre and then everyone else derives from the latest masterpiece.
The shounen genre is like that. So to answer your question, we have to trace the genealogy back to the roots.
Let's start with some shounen anime that's relatively new: Boku no Hero Academia (2016). It's about someone without a superpower in a world where some people have superpowers and his journey to become the best hero or whatever.
It's clearly a derivation of that one anime about a somewhat talentless boy attending a school with other kids who all have superpowers, while dreaming of becoming respected by everyone from 2002 called Naruto. This older anime also has the aspect of the hero wanting to follow in his fathers footsteps of becoming the village head. Not to mention everyone is a ninja and the guy is somewhat of a simpleton.
Which in turn is a derivation of that anime about this kid from some remote village setting out to follow in his fathers footsteps by attending an exam in the middle of nowhere to officially get the same job his father has. Afterwards he also gets powers related to martial arts. I'm of course talking about Hunter x Hunter (1999).
Or I guess the Naruto manga (1997 as a pilot) predates the Hunter x Hunter one (1998). So let's take another step back.
Remember that anime about the boy with a special constitution that is kind of an idiot, but really strong and sets out on an adventure but first makes a stop to learn martial arts and then only gets stronger and stronger? I mean Dragon Ball (1986).
Other than ripping off the ancient Chinese story Journey to the West from the 16th century it also was inspired by some anime. And since Journey to the West didn't feature the desire of self-improvement within the protagonist, only the idiot-protagonist part, we are getting closer.
Our next stop is that one anime about this delinquent guy who scams people, but got caught by the police and is thrown into a juvenile prison, where he learns how to beat everyone up using techniques from a sport that he should become very proficient in. Getting better in this sport isn't necessarily the driving force behind the story, it's more about life in general, but it's an important part nevertheless. The sport I'm talking about is boxing and the anime is called Ashita no Joe (1970).
Now we're still not at our destination, since Ashita no Joe was just a derivation in itself and like with Hunter x Hunter and Naruto, Ashita no Joe wasn't the only contender. Otoko Ippiki Gaki Daishou (1969) was very similar, just without the sports aspect of the story.
If you go further back it's mostly baseball manga and after that manga didn't even exist. Here's where my expertise on the topic begins to thin out.
But it's enough to answer your question. The strive to get better and better originated from sports manga and anime. Baseball turned into boxing with Ashita no Joe and later into martial arts with Dragon Ball. After deriving Dragon Ball the sports aspect was fully removed and substituted with general fighting, maybe throwing in a tournament again, like in Yuu Yuu Hakusho (1992). But the spirit of having the protagonist not give up and become stronger was kept over all these decades.


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Why does Shiroe buy all the land in Yamato and give it to the server?
In Log Horizon S2E12,

 Shiroe has won all the Kunie's money, with which he buys all the land in Yamato, and then though a contract reassigns it to the server permanently. He explains that this is so that other players can't buy the land and misuse it, e.g. locking people out of the bank.

I understand that. This means that in terms of land ownership, it will become something similar to when Elder Tale was still a game.
However, doesn't this cause another problem?

 The whole reason why Shiroe bought the zone of the guild house in season 1 was to maintain peace in Akihabara wasn't it? Other members of the Round Table said that there is no way to maintain law and order, and Shiroe revealed that he now owns the bank, which means he can just restrict the access to the bank for whoever breaks the "law" (effectively "kicking them out" of Akiba). And thus peace is maintained.

So what if someone starts to exploit new players again, like some guild once did to Minori and Touya?
This doesn't seem like something Shiroe would do...
Note that I haven't watched past episode 12 yet.

Critterfluffy's answer hits most of the in-universe notes. In S02E12, Shiroe announces to Kinjo & Uru that he's

doing all those things that you mentioned in the title but then spoilered in your question for some reason

because

the Round Table doesn't want to keep paying 10,000,000 gold per whatever for its exclusive rights over Akihabara's guild hall, cathedral, and merchant facilities;
the new arrangement gives them just as much usage rights over what they already have;
the new arrangement protects them from hostile adventurers taking control of anything in Yamato that they don't currently possess; and
the new arrangement protects the People of the Land from being exploited by hostile or selfish adventurers down the road, avoiding conflict between them and the good adventurers.

Now, I don't think that Critterfluffy really answered your question because (a) you didn't tick it and (b) CF didn't get far enough outside what Shinroe says in the episode, which you saw and said you couldn't really understand.

It's important to see this development in terms of the shutdown of Akihabara's magical defenses in S02E08. In-universe, it's a nonsensical overreäction given the ease with which Akatsuki's new sword is able to damage Enbart's, which is the only needful thing. At a meta level, however, what's occurring is the partial normalization of the world. Instead of Akihabara being a protected haven where the monsters cannot enter and homicide is near impossible, it's going to be a normal part of a normal world. Monsters won't enter because there will be defenses and patrols; homicide will be avoided (or answered) with policing. This parallels Akatsuki realizing she had to discover her teaching/overskill on her own (same episode) and calls back to S01E05, when they discovered food was only flavorful when you did the work yourself.

Similarly, your problem with Shiroe yielding control is that it's seemingly nonsensical. There's no valid reason for the good guys to not keep the gold cheat on, buy everything, keep it all, use the gold cheat to pay maintenance, and use the leverage of univeral ownership to bring the bad guys and selfish NPCs to heel. In other words, to pull off a still bigger version of Shiroe's trick from S01E09 and be capable of crippling or evading every major baddie. Pace CF, a war with Eastal would be over before it began as the opposing army found it couldn't access its armories, food stores, banks, &c. until it stood down and agreed to some sensible terms. Instead, you have it exactly backwards: S02E12 shows Shiroe 'repay[ing] everyone' by eliminating gamelike powers and destroying every unowned field zone in Yamato. Instead of using the game interface to purchase complete godlike authority over territory, every single piece of land will just be land for the rest of time. It will be open to anyone. It will be used and held according to legal rights established by the adventurers and the People of the Land themselves. It will be protected by their own defensive operations.

This is not at all the munchken or powergaming move here, which shows you that Log Horizon (once again) is advocating real role playing and DIY even when it involves making peace—as Shiroe does in this scene—with being 'weak'.

The move can also be seen as libertarian/democratic and intended to preclude Akiba from eventually degenerating into the inescapable tyranny Nureha established in Minami through her own ownership over the cathedral &c. (S01E25) Whether you buy that depends on how much faith you have in a small town of immortal people being able to work out equitable government amongst themselves. (Fwiw, in the real world with real people, LH's writer skipped out on his societal obligations and was busted for tax evasion.) Of course, in-universe, it doesn't hurt that Shiroe is basically trying to eliminate the game's mechanisms of control and replace them with a society built on mutual agreements and contracts... and he happens to be the only known mage to have developed world-alteringly-powerful contract magic.

Gosh... I almost forgot I asked this question... So you are saying that Shiroe's intention was to try to change Elder Tale to be more like real life?

@Sweeper: Yes/no. In-universe, Shiroe explicitly says he's doing it as a gift to 'repay everyone' because he's 'weak' and owes them for their help. His character is viewing it as a gift and protection (for all the reasons above). Also, it takes 12 ep to get here but he started his plan in s2e1, just after he found out about Nureha's dystopia in s1e25.

The meta direction of the entire manga/anime is that the Apocalypse means RP & teamwork > powergaming & aggro (as above), which pushes the city to be more like real life even when that isn't optimal 'gameplay'. Basically, 'food's only flavorful when you DIY' slowly applied metaphorically to every aspect of life in the game.

You mention the possibility of keeping the gold cheat on and use it to pay maintenance. But this is impossible in the first place: the reward for clearing the dungeon is a one-time pass to the gold, so even if it was enough to buy all of Yamato's land, this reserve wouldn't last them forever. Shiroe is able to have unlimited gold only because Kinjo agreed to loan him unlimited money, which the latter does because Shiroe shows his good will by ripping the contract which transfers the ownership of every land he buys to the server.

In other words, Shiroe did what he did because he had no other choice, not because of his philosophical and political stance. If he had not, then they would have faced bankruptcy with 100% probability sooner or later because of the maintenance costs of all buildings they have to own.

The Round Table cannot afford to hold onto the buildings forever so they are going to lose control eventually. This means another guild could use those buildings against the players of Akihabara. By buying all the land and making it unpurchasable for the future this problem is solved forever even if it is only a middle of the road solution.
Additionally, Shiroe isn't just concerned about players. Before he bought everything and then gave it to the server, the NPCs couldn't buy zones but players could. This means the players could buy a farm under an NPC's nose and force them out of their home. This would definitely lead to war with Eastal. Now property ownership is an agreement between people and not a function of nature.
As for people going wrong and exploiting others, this is no different then the real world. Most of Akihabara has learned to live in this world and is not treating it like a game. Additionally, the Round Table can create licenses to allow open trade in Akihabara, and since most would follow that order then not being able to trade with other people is enforceable. They just have to create new systems to organize and punish rather than relying on server systems.

A few things: (a) he has unlimited money for the taking in this episode, so your first point needs tweaking; (b) eliminating the possibility of PC ownership of field zones forever isn't a 'middle of the road solution'; (c) ownership of strategic assets would make the future 'war' very one-sided, Shinoe's issue was more with the very unfairness of it and the resulting bad blood, not any credible threat; (d) is really close to the heart of the matter but see above.


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Has there ever been a duel, where Yugi used every existing card right?
Has there ever been a duel, where Yugi (or Yami) wasn't protected by the plot armour and won a duel with cards that were released during that time and used the effect as stated on the actual card in real life?
Anime and Manga are very welcome as source.
And for the love of god: Can somebody please explain what "Pot of Greed" does?!?

Yep, I was thinking abour real life effects.

I can't answer the first part of your question since I haven't seen the anime since duelist kingdom but based on that I doubt that that has ever happened. Pot of Greed (IRL) allows the users to draw 2 cards from their deck, unfortunately this card has been banned from playing for quite some time now.

the original manga and anime precede the card game release by a few years, so they did a lot of balancing when making the actual card game. You'd be hard pressed to find cards that were actually kept intact after the transition aside from very select cards, so even if there were some cards that were used as intended later on in the TCG (Monster Reborn, Polimerization), you can be sure that there was no duel in which all the cards used were completely faithful to their later TCG counterparts, there was at the very least 1 BS card in every single duel. Especially during the Duelist Kingdom arc

I honestly can't recall any where he didn't have an 'additional' affect to something, or went and did something impossible for a card game (like smashing the moon against mako or breaking the float ring against the floating castle)...
Also pot of greed lets you draw 2 cards from your deck


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Does Itachi loved Izumi in a girlfriend kind of level/way?
I just wanna know if this manga panel is just an error because in Itachi Shinden novels, there was really no confirmation of the real score between Itachi and Izumi.

Hard to say. Depends on how you define 'girlfriend-kind' of love.
If the love you're talking about is the kind of love wherein he would choose her over the world, then no. If it's the kind of love where it meant choosing the former between preventing another war, even if it means having to kill her; or being with her no matter what, then yes.
In Itachi Shinden: Book of Dark Night, the following can be read:

I decided that Izumi would be first …
  By killing her himself, he wiped away the last of his hesitation—the hesitation borne of unfinished business with the clan, of bonds of emotion.

Itachi was hesitant. The way I interpret it, Itachi does indeed consider Izumi as a part of his life since he thought of Izumi as a hurdle to overcome. He placed her in a Tsukuyomi where she lived to an old age together with Itachi, having and raising a family together before she died, both in dream and real life. If he had no feelings for her, he'd easily kill her but he went to such lengths to give her a peaceful and painful death, with consideration of her own feelings towards him.
With this, I think it can be said that Itachi, at least, considers her as someone important to his life. Whether he truly loved her or not in a romantic kind of way would probably depend on how you define love.
They were not girlfriend and boyfriend but they were, however, seen by their peers as a couple.


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What kind of illness was Kaori Miyazono suffering from?
Does anyone know what kind of illness Kaori Miyazono was suffering from?

Kaori Miyazono is a girl about 14 years old
It has caused her to be hospitalized several times prior to the events of the series.
The disease causes her to collapse during a violin performance
It appears to cause her to have trouble walking, and is ameliorated by rehabilitation
It causes seizures that can cause unconsciousness, and lead to her being placed in the ICU
It is cured or temporarily halted by surgery, but the surgery is highly risky, and can result in patient death

According to the series' wiki, it is speculated that it was bone marrow failure,

 due to the change in her skin pigmentation and the need for an operation.

In my theory, her disease is Friedreich's Ataxia. Symptons begins between the ages of 5 to 15. Muscle weakness in the arms and legs and loss of coordination are symptons.
It causes heart disorders. In Episode 20, she may be having a severe and painful tachycardia, and a following cardiac arrest. The surgery may be to implant a pacemaker, but another arrest killed her during the surgery.

My hypothesis is that she is suffering from advanced multiple sclerosis. The extreme exhaustion along with the loss of motor function in her legs (Episode 15-Liar) and hands (Episode 21- Snow) are her most obvious symptoms.  However, the risky operation she undergoes is the only thing that make me question my theory.

Do you possibly have any sources for this answer?

It's a fictitious anime illness that functioned as a plot device as needed. There is no canonical mention of a specific illness and there would be no reason for the author to research one.
There is a YouTube video that falsely claims Kaori suffered from Friedreich's ataxia. The uploader is not a doctor or someone with any professional credentials that would allow him to make such a diagnosis. Additionally, the claim has been refuted by a number of doctors, med and premed students on the Discord and sub. If needed I can rescue some of those messages from the archives.


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If the dragon balls in DBGT were those made by Dende, how could a shadow dragon be born in them after Oolong wished for an underwear in DB?

In Dragon Ball GT, we are told that the negative energy that popped out of the dragon balls of the earth was created as a result of wishes that were made since the beginning of the Dragon Ball series. For example, a shadow dragon was formed when Oolong wished for underwear.

In Dragon Ball Z however, we know that the earth's dragon balls were gone after Kame fused with Piccolo, later in Cell Saga Goku brought Dende on Earth who became the next guardian of the earth and made new dragon balls.

Aren't those two events or sets of events contradictory?

In episode 192 of DBZ; as Piccolo points out that since the new dragon was made out of the model of the old one so their powers must be linked. Well that explains it.

Dragon Ball GT is not canon, the events are not created in conditional writing to each other. Sorry to say, but there is no better answer to this. It is the reason why Dragon Ball Super was aired.


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Why didn't Rod Reiss just eat Eren? Why did he need Historia?
Why didn't Rod Reiss just eat Eren? Why did he need Historia?
If Reiss just ate Eren, he would be the king, and do whatever he wanted (except that the King's will may overrule some his own free-will).
In the Anime, he even says that "I must not become a titan myself".
src: Attack on Titan Season 3 Episode 44 – "Wish" @ 13:46

In an interview included in the guidebook Attack on Titan ANSWERS,
  Hajime Isayama revealed the reason why Rod said he did not inherit the
  Founding Titan himself: "He thought of himself as just an observer,
  and in order to preserve the Reiss bloodline, he may have thought that
  he needed to stay human and make more children. He would have to
  become the Founding Titan, and he was most likely afraid that he
  wouldn't be able to fight against the First King's ideology, just like
  his father and Uri weren't able to."

src: http://attackontitan.wikia.com/wiki/Rod_Reiss

Rod Reiss was aware of what would happen if he became a titan, and ate Eren. Even if you are anime-only it explains that Rod was a coward, and was scared of inheriting the titan ability since the moment he looked into his brothers eyes and "realized" what it meant. He knew that once he became a titan, he would die 13 years later, and that his mind would be altered to the beliefs by the power of the 1st king. He was so afraid of these things that he was willing to sacrifice his own children to prevent himself from succumbing to these curses. The reason that he sacrificed his own children, and not random people he could've easily persuaded was because he was aware that in order to access the "true power" of the founding titan within Eren, you must be of the royal bloodline. This is why he was so intent on Historia. After she denies him they reveal that he had little to no love for Historia herself, but more so the blood in her that could've prevented him -- or at least given him an excuse temporarily for not inheriting the founding titan.

... or possibly he was aware that he would turn into the 170m titan, and there would be no point in attempting to eat Eren because that titan was so massive that it would've ended up killing Eren, or not even being mobile enough to eat him. I hope this summarized it well for you!

he truly loved his kids... nothing in the anime even hints that Rod was afraid to die. when the time came, he licked that spinal serum without hesitation. why would he realize that the person dies after 13 years only after looking into the old kings eyes?

It is not explained in the anime yet, it is explained later in the manga.
Chapter 88 major spoilers below

 Ymir, who was royalty of the Fritz family, came into contact with the “source of the universe” and gained power to become the first Titan. The Curse of Ymir references the fact that if one of her descendants become a Titan, they only have 13 years left to live. This is because Ymir died 13 wars after gaining her Titan powers, and no one shall contain more power than her.


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Did Ranma lose his (her?) virginity in the Ranma 1/2 anime series?
Remembering old anime series we happened to talk about Ranma 1/2 and the amount of sexual jokes it had. I then remembered that the show was emitted in Spain with a lot of controversy, and then I came across an article from the 90s, published in a major newspaper, that charged against the show and the channel emitting it.
In the article (in Spanish) you can read the following (my translation):

In the episode in which Ranma loses his virginity in the showers (the kid comes out tripping over, in shock), [...].

I sincerely cannot remember such moment. I am almost sure that the person who wrote the article just saw something that nobody else saw. I know that some years later, when Karekano was emitted in Japan, there was a lot of controversy and debate about the scene where it is poetically suggested that the two main characters lose their virginities with each other, I supposed because that was the first time that such thing was depicted in an anime series with teenagers as main characters. So I doubt that a similar scene really happened in Ranma 1/2.
But as I haven't watched the complete anime series, I ask: did Ranma Saotome lose his (or her) virginity in any episode of the series or any of the movies? Or at least is there any scene that can be misinterpreted as stated by the article?

There certainly is no virginity losing that I have noticed in Ranma 1/2. Neither the Manga, nor the Anime have anything of the sort.
That said, there are numerous bath and shower scenes. Doing a google translate of the page, extends the next line after what you have noted.

the master Chen is about to suffer a collapse when stumbling over a mountain of intimate clothes.

Judging by their description, I would assume "Chen" to be Happosai, the lecherous teacher of Ranma and Akane's fathers.
This leads me to believe that the scene in question, using memory offhand, is from one of two or three episodes.

Bathhouse Battle! We're in Some Hot Water Now

 In this episode, the Tendo's bath is on the fritz, and so everyone must use a public bathhouse. Ranma is stuck with keeping Happosai out of trouble, which proves difficult.
 This episode also has a part in which Ranma is knocked unconscious, which could explain the stumbling in a trance.

Rub-a-Dub-Dub! There's a Pervert in the Tub

 This episode is less likely to be the answer, but it does cover the theme of Happosai and Ranma at some sort of bath. Akane goes on a hot springs trip with some friends. This hot spring, as it turns out, is the hiding spot for Happosai's ultimate technique. Of course fighting between the two occurs, and Ranma, in female form, ends up inside the hot spring (thus returning to male form), surrounded by girls, which is a scene that they could be misinterpreting.

The Mixed-Bath Horror!

 This episode, also seems unlikely to me, but the Tendo Family, the Saotome's, and Happosai got to a hot springs resort. Once again, Ranma and Happosai have a battle in the baths, with Ranma being transformed into a girl, and chasing Happosai around.

Those are what I can think of off hand, but honestly the article reads more to me like someone who happened to catch a few episodes of the show, and didn't like the themes therein, and so wrote an article with a bit of embellishment.
It's more up to interpretation. If someone has more traditionally wholesome views, they will tend to see minor lewdness as something much worse. The same with people who aren't bothered by lewd act, only in the opposite direction.
I would check around a few of the episode I've offered, and maybe kick around the wiki a bit, if you're interested in finding more information.

I don't think so.
At least the versions watched by me don't have any such instances. As a matter of fact, Ranma doesn't even care about all this stuff. He rarely gets cosy with any of the girls.
In other words, love does not exist for him. He only cares a little about Akane. However sometimes he does touch the female characters "accidentally" -pretty usual for the male lead.
When he's a girl, he's mostly beating the hell out of other guys who try to flirt with him.
So yes, he's a virgin.

Thanks for your answer. Can you remember any scene involving showers that could be misinterpreted as stated in the question?


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Why does Feitan torture when Pakunoda can search someone's memory?
In the Phantom Troupe, they have Feitan, who's the torturer to get answers out of people. But they also have Pakunoda, who can get memories out of people by just touching them.
For example in the York New arc, Feitan tortures someone to get information on where the treasure and stuff were. But why couldn't Pakunoda just get that information out by searching through his memories? It would be a lot faster.

What makes you think that is Feitan's sole or primary purpose?
First, what's wrong with having 2 members of the Troupe excel at extracting information from its enemies? What if one of them is indisposed, but they need to get information out of someone?
Second, he is one of the founding members of the Troupe. While this isn't a huge deal, I doubt anyone would say to him, "hey, by the way, we don't need you anymore. We got Pakunoda now. Goodbye."
Third, Feitan is incredibly strong. He is the 5th strongest member in Phantom Troupe, in terms of sheer strength. He is easily one of the fastest.

I never said that Feitan was useless, he's actually my favorite characters. I was wondering why Pakunoda didn't interrogate the person first, which would be much easier. If she wasn't there, then Feitan would work perfectly. I think I phrased it wrong when I said that it would be a waste of time for Feitan, sorry.


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Why did All for One gave a quirk to stockpile power to his brother?
One for All appeared when All for One gave to his quirkless brother a quirk to stockpile power. Why did All for One gave this quirk to him?

As All Might says way back in Chapter 59 of the manga when he first reveals All For One to Deku, "Whether that was out of kindness, or to bend him to his will, we still don't know".

I initially assumed it would be left open like that, or maybe find a mention later in some arc involving AFO. Now though, since

 the vestiges of previous OFA holders, including the first user, are able to interact with Deku

that is another perspective from which we might get new information. So far nothing though.


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Is there any reason why Aizawa and Shinso use the same cloth-type capturing weapon?
In Chapter 197 of the manga, Hitoshi Shinso use the same cloth-type capturing weapon that Shota Aizawa uses. Is there any reason why Aizawa and Shinso use the same type of capturing weapon? Were these given to Shinso by Aizawa?

Is there any reason why Shota Aizawa and Hitoshi Shinso use the same clothes? Heroes have the option to use support items. Since he was trained by Aizawa, he was taught of the same techniques Aizawa used for Binding Cloth. Remember that Shinso's quirk is easily countered by his opponent not answering him so using a Binding Cloth would supplement for his lack of a counter-attack if ever this happens. It's the only ability he has that's close to an offensive-type and that can directly harm his opponents.
Same is true for Aizawa. Without the cloth, sure he can cancel out quirks but the opponent can still move. Hence, both use the same cloth to aid them in situations where their quirks (Brainwashing and Erasure) would be useless.
Were these clothes given to Hitoshi Shinso by Shota Aizawa? I'm not sure if it was ever mentioned directly that it was given to him but Shinso was trained by Aizawa, as briefly seen from a flashback in Chapter 214. It's possible it was and also, that he was taught by Aizawa how since he was able to use it, as seen in Chapter 197.

Did Aizawa personally trained or what and why? Is that seen in the manga?

@Pablo Yes, he personally trained him. A brief flashback is shown in Chapter 214.


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Where does the Kyuubi inside Naruto exist?
Whenever Naruto sees the Kyuubi that Minato sealed inside him, we see this room with water on the floor and a big door behind which the Kyuubi stays. What is this place and where is it?

There's not a specific place he stays, it's probably the link between chakra which allows them to see each other. Whenever someone entered to see Kyuubi, they used chakra to see him. Like Minato, Sasuke, etc. edit - sasuke used a genjutsu, my bad.

The place that we see is within Naruto's subconsciousness and its as a result of the Eight Tetragram pattern which is the sealing formula used by Minato to seal the Nine tails within Naruto.

According to the Wiki, When Naruto wants to speak to the Nine-Tails, he enters a subconscious plane that resembles an underground complex, with pipes running along the ceiling and various hallways. The floor is flooded with a shallow layer of water; the Nine-Tails' growing influence over Naruto is sometimes depicted as the water level rising.

Although its never been explicitly mentioned, one can hypothesize that the Nine tails stays inside the eight tetragram seal on Naruto's abdomen but that's just a magnet for some serious debate lol

The seal is an anchor that binds the two together. The Kyuubi in theory is a mass of chakra that was given sentience by the Sage of Six Paths. Fuinjutsu or the art of sealing allows them to seal them away. The Tailed beast exist in a sub-conscience as a by-product of the seal. Depending on the nature of the seal defines how they are locked up. Kushina is in a field with Kyuubi chained up while Naruto has it in a cage in a complex similar to a sewer. In theory, the Kyuubi exist in a sub-conscience while it's chakra is sealed aswell, slowly to merge with Naruto's. If your wondering about the shared space where they all meet, it is a result of the Sage's link he made when telling the Tailed Beast he's dying.
References:
https://naruto.fandom.com/wiki/Tailed_Beast
https://naruto.fandom.com/wiki/Eight_Trigrams_Sealing_Style
https://naruto.fandom.com/wiki/F%C5%ABinjutsu
Add corrections if i'm wrong.


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How many kinds of guns have been used in Highschool of the Dead?
I wonder how many guns have been shown to be used by the characters?
And are these real guns? Or are these just some made-up weapons?

From this wikia page, there are about 14 unique guns shown in the anime.

Armalite AR-10(T)
Barnett Wildcat C5
Benelli M4 Super 90
CZE Vz83
FN Browning M1910
Heckler & Koch PSG-1
Ithaca M37
Kiku Crest Luger P08
M92 Vertec
MP5SFK
Nail Gun
SIG Sauer P226
Smith & Wesson M37 Air Weight
Springfield M1A1 Super Match

To add, yes, these are real guns. I was able to find real-world counterparts of all of these guns via Google. To note, the Luger P08 seems to be a gun used during the world wars and CZE Vz83 seems to be a Skorpion.


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Where to watch My Hero Academia: Two Heroes?
So I've been searching for a place to watch My Hero Academia: Two Heroes but I can't find any. If anyone has a link to a legal streaming site or knows where to watch it, that would be great. Thanks!

I believe there's no legal streaming of the movie yet. You'd probably have to look for the Blu-rays instead.

Oh ok i've even tried pirated streaming sights and had no luck

We don't condone illegal streaming here. But for the legal alternatives, you can keep an eye out over at our list of legal streaming services As it's not unlikely it will eventually turn up there.

I figured as much i'm just saying that its extremely hard to find. I always use stuff like crunchyroll and vrv

As @Dimitrimx♦ mentioned, there is no site which streams the movie legally yet and as of now, I can't find any news as to when and where it will be possible to stream it online, if ever it will be made available online.
You can, however, opt for Blurays. I was able to find a subbed version on Amazon in case you're interested. Most likely they're also available in other online stores that sell Blurays, if you're looking for other options.

Thanks I'll do that. I prefer subbed anyways.

It is currently possible to stream this movie for free on Amazon Prime with a Starz subscription.  It is also possible to stream it after purchasing access via Amazon Prime, Vudu, Youtube, and Google Play.
This was likely not the case when this question was asked.


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Is the Accel World manga the whole story?
I found Accel World's light novel and the manga on Amazon. My question: Is the manga the completed story? The manga has 8 volumes and the last one will be released on December 11, 2018. But the light novel has 17 volumes and the last one will be released on March 19, 2019.
So is the manga the whole story? Or do I need the light novels if I want to read the whole Accel World? If so, is it because the light novels have more volumes and will be released on 2019 while the manga is only up to 2018 so the manga does not have the completed story? Or is it otherwise?

I thought I'd defer to someone which have read both but I think this can be estimated based on how much both medium covers the anime. According to Mangaupdates,

the Accel World manga has 42 chapters and covers the anime from its first chapter up to Chapter 24

while

the Accel World light novel covers the anime from the first volume up to Volume 4 Chapter 12.

Based on this, if we were to estimate that 4 light novel volumes is equivalent to 24 manga chapters, then the manga, approximately, is until around the 8th or 9th light novel volume. Since the light novel currently has 22 volumes, there's a lot of content the manga has not covered.
So if you want to stay up-to-date with the story, I suggest you read the light novel, which is also where the manga is based on.


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Where does Bungou Stray Dogs cut off in the manga?
I have watched Bungou Stray Dogs and now, I want to start reading the manga because there is no announcement about a new season. So, in which chapter should I start for the rest?

According to Mangaupdates,

Season 1 ended at Vol. 4 Chapter 16, Season 2 ended at Vol. 9 Chapter 37, and Season 3 ended at Vol. 13 Chapter 53.


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Could the Sharingan have seen Nue's "possession chakra"?
Boruto's Jogan instinctively came on and enabled him to sense the "chakra shadows" of whenever Nue leeched unto and possessed someone.

If Sarada had awakened her Sharingan earlier, would she have been able to see the chakra from Nue's possession? Or was it ever stated if only Boruto's Jogan could sense Nue?

There is a possibility that Sarada's Sharingan could have enabled her to see Nues "possession chakra". I've not yet read the manga but from what I understand, Nue possesses people by enhancing their negative emotions and leeching of their Chakra.
A Jogan user

can perceive the flow of chakra, enabling Boruto to see the visible changes in one's chakra, and likewise, track a target through their chakra. The Jogan can clearly see the chakra pathway system and determine its weakest point. It can also see through invisible barriers that connect between dimensions.

With regards, to seeing or sensing those 'Chakra Shadows,' I think a user with a Sharingan can, to some extent, see the Chakra, because Sharingan users

can see chakra, giving it colour in order to distinguish it by its composition and source. It can see chakra through some (but not all) obstructions and detect irregularities in a person's chakra flow.

Although, if you ask me, Boruto's Jogan seems to be more similar to Byakugan than to Sharingan, especially with regards to its ability to also see the chakra's pathway system and key points.


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Why was Kisame surprised when he saw Obito (Tobi/fake Madara) without the mask the second time they've met in person?
So, Kisame first met Obito (Tobi) when he introduced himself as the guy who controlls the Mizukage. Then, he tells Kisame about his Eye of the Moon Plan (Tsuki no Me) and recruits him to Akatsuki. So that's like 4 people who knew the true identity of Tobi as 'Madara' (later Obito, but they didn't know that): Konan, Nagato, Itachi, Kisame.
But if Kisame also knew him as the leader of Akatsuki, then why was he surprised when Tobi showed his face to him the second time, after Itachi died? I thought he already knew that Tobi mas Madara since he was the one who recruited him. It made sense for him to continue with Akatsuki after Nagato died, since Kisame didn't really care about who the leader was, as long as Kisame got the job done, but the only thing that bothers me is: why was he surprised when Tobi showed his face to Kisame the second time? He should've already known it was Madara/Obito. Is this a plot hole?

Welcome to Anime and Manga! Would you mind adding which episode number or manga chapter these instances occurred in?

Oh yea i remember the episode your talking about! when Kisame was captured by Might guy i think

Like @Wondercricket said, It is necessary to add references to questions like that, so that everyone else can follow up. In this case i know its Episode 251 but in case of next time.

In Chapter 507, the first time Kisame met Obito, he called himself Uchiha Madara and from what we can see, he was not wearing any mask and unlike the real Obito, he has long, spiky hair like Madara. From this, it might be said that Obito was disguised as Madara when he revealed himself to Kisame. However, remember that during this time, Obito was already calling himself 'Madara'. With long hair like those, with those eyes and the fact that few people has ever seen Madara's face, he could easily pass as one even with the scars on his face.

In Chapter 404, after Itachi's death and when Obito finally removed the mask to reveal himself to Kisame, Kisame was surprised. Why? Because the 'Madara' that Kisame knew was not wearing any mask nor did he call himself 'Tobi'. When Tobi 'joined' the Akatsuki, he did not announce himself as 'Madara' but as Tobi, who Kisame was fond of. After Tobi presumably died, Kisame remarked that he was sorry to hear his death, especially since he (Tobi) lightens up the mood of the organization.

To conclude, we can say that the first time they met, Obito did reveal himself to Kisame (scars in the face and all) but under the name 'Madara'. The second time they met, it was as 'Tobi' and with a mask so Kisame did not know who was the man underneath the mask. When Tobi revealed himself, Kisame was surprised because he did not expect that it was 'Madara'. 'Madara' did not tell him that he would be disguised as Tobi while in the Akatsuki, hence the surprise. It could not have been that he was surprised of the scars because he immediately recognized him and he made no comment on them either so we can assume he's already seen his scarred face before.

Exactly what I was looking for! Thank you so much!

I dont believe this is a plothole, because the first time Kisame met the "Madara", it was actually Obito disguised as Madara Uchiha, Although we never got to see the actual person that Kisame was talking to, based of the way the persons hair from the Shadow was, it looked exactly like Madara Uchihas hair, and we all know that Obito's hair looks very different and isn't spiky long. (I would guess that Obito probably used substitution Jutsu in order to resemble the real Madara.)
However, the second time, he saw Obitos real face and that probably caught him by surprise since he was not expecting those scars.

It might have something to do with the masks. Obito used two types of masks in the series, repeatedly switching between the two. When he first meets nagato, konan and yahiko, he wears his "Tobi" mask. Later when he infiltrates the village, and also when he helps itachi in annihilating the uchiha, he wears the "Madara" mask. When he meets kisame for the first time, he's either wearing the Madara mask (in which case he revealed his face later) or no mask. His hair at that time was also different from when he encountered kisame in the akatsuki. He also may have used zetsu's or pain's abilities somehow to remain mysterious. Even when he earlier met kisame, Obito didn't mention akatsuki or implied any connection to it. Thus, kisame had no idea that Tobi was Obito or as he knew him, Madara. And so he was surprised to see him.

Please include relevant sources/references.


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Is Son Hak a Dragon?
Is Son Hak from the anime/manga Akatsuki no Yona a dragon? I'm thinking he is because he's so overpowered.

Is Son Hak a Dragon? No, he is not. He is just someone powerful. It is clearly stated in here:

Although not a dragon blood, he matches the strength of other dragons easily.


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Is Guy's 'Air Walk' (8th Inner Gate Guy) and Sanji's Sky Walk similar?
In Naruto: Shippūden, Might Guy opened the highest gate, the Gate of Death, in order to battle Madara and, surprisingly, it also enabled him to 'walk' on air by using kicks.
On the other hand, various characters in the One Piece universe have shown a very similar ability: members of CP-9, CP-0, some warlords, and Vinsmoke Sanji (after the 2-year time skip).
Also, I noticed that each kick has some 'musical tone', and in both cases, the style is very similar. Did Oda and Kishimoto inspire each other? Or were these ideas both inspired by someone else?

While their respective abilities allow them to walk or move while in midair, the methods in executing the moves are entirely different.
Guy's Eight Gates removes limiters on the body and the user is temporarily granted approximately a hundred times their normal power, far beyond that of the five Kage. Unlocking all gates, however, results to a user's death afterwards. Guy only did not die because Naruto helped him. Because of his immense power, he was able to kick the air successively until he reached Madara.
Sanji's Skywalk, on the other hand, is similar is executed by kicking the air to jump higher, giving the appearance of flight. It has no known risks, however, unlike Guy's Eight Gates. It is also not mentioned if it requires removing a body's limiters like Guy's.
So, while the techniques might sound the same, they're still different. Below is a list of significant differences:
Guy's 'Skywalk'

Requires the Eight Inner Gates formation so it's only possible when executing another technique
Is not used by other shinobi, or was not shown in the manga to be used by others as far as I know so it is unique to Guy's Eight Gates
The user will have to be in the final stage of the Eight Inner Gates in order to demonstrate this ability, resulting to the user's death afterwards

Sanji's Skywalk

Has no specifics or prerequisites at all so it is a technique that can be performed on its own
Does not need successive kicks to be able to stay afloat in midair, as shown here
Used by others so it is not unique to Sanji
Has no known risks mentioned or specified, nor any physical strain shown or emphasized

There is a technique in Naruto called Walking on Air Technique, which collects water under the feet while continuously releasing chakra to walk in the air. This is, however, from Fanon Canon Rebirth and from what I understand, is not written by Masashi Kishimoto.
Regarding each other's influences, I don't think they drew inspiration from each other's works, or at least it wasn't mentioned. They seem to, however, draw influence both from Akira Toriyama's Dragon Ball. (Source 1, Source 2)
To conclude, it would not be impossible if both characters would have similar techniques since they make use of their legs during their fights. However, the Skywalk technique demonstrated by both are entirely different from each other, especially in terms of how it benefits the user itself.

Guy doesn't normally use air-walking with his Eight Gates, but it's in his battle against Madara in particular where the air walking that I think OP is talking about comes into play. See Naruto chapter 669 / Shippuuden episode 420 at time 04:54. Madara comments: "He's coming towards me by kicking air!"

@ahiijny Looks like I was wrong and I read the chapter again. He really does kick air. However, the moves are still different based on how and when they can be used, etc. I'll update my answer. Thanks for pointing this out.


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Why didn't Hagoromo reincarnate dead shinobis after the Fourth Great Ninja War?
If Pain was able to resurrect Kakashi along with the other dead Konohagakure villagers, why did Hagoromo not reincarnate dead shinobis after the Fourth Great Ninja War?

Because he's already dead. The jutsu - Gedo Art of Rinne Rebirth - can infuse new life into the bodies of those who have died in exchange for the user's own life. Hagoromo couldn't use it in the "form" he was even if he wanted to.

@ Ōtsutsuki  it's not exchange of user life,bcoz when pain uses Gedo Art of Rinne Rebirth jutsu ,Rinnegan consumes a lot of chakra. As Nagato already had nearly exhausted his chakra reserves, he died due to all his chakra being depleted.

@Lavakusa This was stated in the wiki: 'Ultimately, once the technique is finished, the user invariably dies.' This means that the user will always die regardless if he exhausted his/her chakra reserves or not. I verified the chapter source and it is legit. Source: http://naruto.wikia.com/wiki/Outer_Path_—_Samsara_of_Heavenly_Life_Technique

Actually @W.Are Nagato had previously used the samsara of heavenly life technique to revive the pains that were killed by both Jiraiya and Naruto but he didn't die until he tried a large scale version of the jutsu, so i do believe chakra reserves are a big factor in the Jutsu. If that weren't the case then he should have died after he revived the pains that Jiraiya killed.

However maybe the fact that he was doing it through one of the pains affected its effects.

@Rumpelstiltskin Really? I might be wrong but I thought that it was a different technique and it was one of the Pains who revived the Pains that were killed: http://naruto.wikia.com/wiki/Naraka_Path

@Lavakusa The fourth databook clarified that usage of this technique comes at the cost of the user's life.

@Rumpelstiltskin The Six Paths of Pain are corpses they're not alive. They were never revived through the technqiue. And if they were "destroyed", the Naraka Path repairs them as was seen with the Asura Path. He is controlling them solely with his chakra hence the black receivers in the bodies of them.

To expand on @Ōtsutsuki's comment, Hagoromo Ōtsutsuki did not manifest himself physically to Naruto since he is alread dead. The scene where they were talking happened in Naruto's mind (Chapter 670). How he was able to share his powers with Naruto and Sasuke if he's already dead was never elaborated on in the manga, as far as I know.
The Gedo Art of Rinne Rebirth requires the user's life in exchange for another's. Hagoromo is already dead, and he only manifested himself in Naruto's mind. It's quite hard to classify someone in this state as 'alive'. With this, we can say that you cannot offer your life for someone else's if you have already lost it in the first place.

it's not exchange of life,  I read above mentioned  Narutopedia article in this
"While using this technique, the user is severely weakened as a result of overexerting their power." But Hagoromo  has lot of chakra even though he is dead and he able to summon all hokages , means he has lot chakra.

@Lavakusa It is an exchange of life. If you can cite a chapter that says that someone cannot die after using Rinne Rebirth, then please do so. I'm finding it hard to believe this. And how was he able to summon those hokage? As far as I know it was Orochimaru who used Edo Tensei to bring back the 4 previous Hokage.

but Hagoromo used Edo Tensei to bring back the hokages sealed by allied shinobi's , proof :- Second Tsuchikage

@Lavakusa Edo Tensei is different from Rinne Rebirth. Edo Tensei does not truly bring back a person to life, unlike Rinne Rebirth since 'their body will never again be theirs', as stated here: http://naruto.wikia.com/wiki/Summoning:_Impure_World_Reincarnation Also, it was Kabuto who summoned the second tsuchikage, not Hagoromo. Hagoromo cannot perform jutsu because again, he only manifested in the inner thoughts of Sasuke and Naruto, and he was not truly alive with a physical form and all.

@Lavakusa If you are referring to this: http://naruto.wikia.com/wiki/Kaguya_%C5%8Ctsutsuki_Strikes Then he only summoned them. It was not stated that he performed Rinne Rebirth or Edo Tensei to do so.

Adding to what @W.Are said, Edo tensei required literally no chakra from its user, thats why it is the MOST OVERPOWERED JUTSU EVER! Also, Hagoromo never used Edo tensei, the only people who used it in the war were Kabuto, Obito, Madara, and Orochimaru. Edo tensei requires a human sacrifice to be used, Hagoromo was not the type of person to use such means so i'm guessing we can rule out Edo Tensei


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How do hybrids (half-humans and half-ghouls) rate in strength compared to normal ghouls?
In the anime series, there are several types of hybrids: artificial half-ghouls like Kaneki, biological half-ghouls like Eto and half-humans like Arima. How are they supposed to rate in strength compared to regular ghouls? Are they stronger, weaker or have equal strength? Is this stated in the series?

Hi. To the one who put up a close-vote, while the question seems opinion-based, a definite answer can be given based on information from the manga and from real-world information. As a manga reader, I don't think the answers to this question is primarily opinion-based :)

Biological half-ghouls are extremely rare. However,

in the Tokyo Ghoul universe, they are considered an urban legend and their strength are supposed to be superior compared to regular ghouls
To cite examples of their strength, Eto was an SSS rate in her Owl form and S rate without her Owl form; the Underground King waged war against humanity, prompting the creation of the CCG and V;

Artificial half-ghouls are similar.

Looking at the list of successful artificial half-ghouls here, one can see in the manga that their abilities are way above a normal ghoul
While not stated in the manga, I think what affects their strength is the abilities of the ghoul that they were made from (only Rize and Eto was used by Kanou to make artificial half-ghouls, who were at least S-rate ghouls)

Half-humans raised in the Sunlit Garden

have highly developed physical capabilities. While not elaborated upon, I consider their strength still superior to normal ghouls as most, if not all, of them were highly distinguished investigators (as seen in their membership in Arima Squad)

Against each other, it would be difficult to rank hybrids as there are a lot of things to consider. However, even without official information on their ranks, strengths, etc., biology tells us that hybrids have improved or increased function of any biological qualities. (Heterosis) So, it would be safe to say that hybrid ghouls are superior to normal ghouls.


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Garmillans only sometimes speak alien language
From time to time, we see Garmillans speak but sometimes in their alien language and sometimes in Japanese. Is this just to add flavor (and we should assume it is always the Garmillas language which is spoken)? Or does this dual dub have some setting/plot significance?

I have not seen the anime but a foreigner (or in this case, alien) speaking in the native tongue of the audience or the intended audience is common not just in anime but also in movies. It's a trope called Translation Convention and it is for the 'audience's benefit.' As mentioned in the wiki:

We are meant to assume that the characters are really speaking their own native tongue, and it is being translated purely for our benefit.