text:
Samsung Galaxy S6 not connecting to Windows 10 - not even detecting the device
Can some one help me to identify the root cause of this issue? I tried almost every available solution online and nothing work around.
Installed smart switch
change 2 cables
Put on USB debugging mode change to MTP settings doesn't works
Cables only charging my phone.
Laptop: Nitro 7 (I use port 2.0 for connection that doesn't works too)

If you have replaced every hardware component outside of the phone (USB cable, PC, ..) and the phone software has not been changed it may be a defect USB port. Such a defect is pretty common: when the USB plug is inserted every jiggle on the plug puts a strong force on the soldering points that connect the USB port to the mainboard. If too often a too high force is applied the soldering point can break and the USB port is getting lose.


text:
Which Google service is responsible for emergency notifications?
I have an app that blocks notifications. I want to let emergency warnings through (like tornado warnings).
The services that have google in their name are:

"Files by Google" - com.google.android.apps.nbu.files
"Goggles" - com.google.android.apps.unveil
"Hangouts" - com.google.android.talk
"Home" - com.google.android.apps.chromecast.app
"Maps" - com.google.android.apps.maps
"News & Weather" com.google.andoird.apps.genie.geniewidget - Maybe this is it?
"Personal Safety" com.google.android.apps.safetyhub
"Google" - com.google.android.googlequicksearchbox
"Google Go" - com.google.android.apps.searchlite
"Google News" - com.google.android.apps.magazines
"Google Play" - com.google.android.apps.walletnfcrel
"Google Play Games" - com.google.android.play.games
"Google Play Music" - com.google.android.music
"Google Play Store" - come.android.vending
"Google TV" - com.google.android.videos

I'm using a pixel xl 2.
Also, how do I test if I have the settings correct? Is there a way to fake an emergency broadcast to myself?

Does Google in USA really send emergency warnings? If they do it is something US specific, because in other countries emergency warnings are sent as some sort of broadcast SMS by the network operator (and thus no Google app is responsible).

Seconded Robert's comment. Other than Google's own "Personal Safety" (crisis alerts), emergency alerts are usually sent by network operator. You can check the setting on Android Settings - Wireless & networks - More - Emergency broadcasts - Cell Broadcast settings.

I had a blocked tornado warning yesterday. It was a notification not a text message.
Andrew, I do not have that menu chain in my phone. So I searched for similar terms. "Emergency" pulled up some results but they are all app settings. "Broadcast" had no results. "Network" didn't have any relevant choices. I do not see any way to choose to receive emergency alerts as text messages instead of notifications on a Pixel XL 2 with Android 11.

@triplej Searching for "Emergency" on the Settings of my Pixel 3a with Android 11, there should be the "Wireless emergency alerts" section. Note that this is an integrated Android system service though, not by Google.

source: Stack Exchange

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

sort: votes


text:
Can't unlock bootloader or go to download mode in Samsung Galaxy M11
I have Samsung Galaxy M11 (SM-M115F/DS). I want to install TWRP in it. But I can't unlock the bootloader or go to download mode. I already enabled OEM Unlock.
I saw on some sites that on this device I have to press both volumes up and down to go to download mode or unlock the bootloader but actually, nothing happens. It only goes to recovery mode with power and volume up. There it has a "Reboot to Bootloader" option.

When I go there, I get this

When I give the options to start, I return to recovery mode.

Make sure that you have backed up your files because all of your data will be wiped.
Make sure that adb and fastboot are installed on your PC.
Download the TWRP image file.
Enable USB debugging from developer mode.
Connect your phone to your PC and open cmd.

Enter the following command:
adb reboot bootloader

Or simply go to fastboot mode (like what you did in the second picture). Then connect your phone to the computer and open cmd (if you already didn't).
Type the following command and hit enter
fastboot flashing unlock

If you got an error, try this command (used for older phones):
fastboot oem unlock

If you get a confirmation screen on your device, press the Volume Up button to highlight Yes and press the Power button to select it. This will begin the bootloader unlocking process, which shouldn’t last more than a couple of minutes.
Then again, reboot to bootloader. Type following command:
fastboot flash recovery <path to your twrp image file>

Done!

I really dont know but i have the samsung m12. In adb you should do
adb reboot download

or
adb shell
reboot download

thats how i got it to work on my m12
Maybe this is useless but when flashing such images flash the vbmeta.img too maybe to be safe. I dont know.

all_licenses: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Restoring browser history in Android
In an unrooted Android tablet, is there any way to restore web browser history searches that have been cleared?
It is Chrome web browser, and it's not linked to a Google account. Android version 6.0

Unless you are able to perform disk forensics on the storage medium, this is unlikely, since as far as the application/OS is concerned, it has been deleted.


text:
Mass setup of Android devices
I want to setup the same account on 300+ devices. I did that for 4 devices and I am tired.
Setting up new device includes:

manually doing all ok/next/skip choices
connecting to WiFi + installing updates
manually typing GMail + password
MOST PROBLEMATIC confirming new device by tapping two-digit number on the first device where this account was added.

Questions:

Is there some automated solution?
Is it possible to at least turn off confirmation of new device completely?

Search for "Samsung KNOX Mobile Enrollment (KME)" or "Google: Android Zero-Touch". But the latter requires devices that are enabled for zero touch which means you have to buy special devices that support zero touch. Regarding 300 devices in one account please read this: https://android.stackexchange.com/q/42506/2241

Welcome to Android Enthusiasts! Your question lacks some essential details, like: are all the 300 devices identical (i.e. same manufacturer/model)? Is a custom recovery available (so you could eg. easily use Nandroid backup/restore)? There is a special name for that kind of management software (which just eludes me), and we already have some related questions I cannot find without the term :( But as Robert wrote: the limit at Google for multiple devices per account is much lower than 300. Kick out Google and use F-Droid to avoid that problem :)

I've just added the [tag:multiple-devices] tag to your question, please invesitgate; especially related questions like Clone and distribute Android 4 device with preloaded applications // Copying and remotely deploying a build across multiple devices // Best Practise for deploying a clone image across 200 android tablets // Bulk Android Device Provisioning This question links to the current page // clone a Phone then flash image on other phones?


text:
How to install LineageOS in TWRP using `adb push`?
Question (TL;DR)
How can one (manually) sideload a LineageOS zip file that is pushed on the phone using TWRP?
Context
while installing this lineage-17.1-20210430-nightly-FP2-signed.zip, with the following command:
adb sideload lineage-17.1-20210430-nightly-FP2-signed.zip

I observed that the lineageOS hangs in the loading screen for several hours. So first I verified that the zip file is correctly downloaded, using the sha256, which it is. Next, I noticed that the cause might be that the zip is streamed directly from the host to phone. So I learned an alternative option might be to use:
adb push lineage-17.1-20210430-nightly-FP2-signed.zip /sdcard/

Followed by a command to sideload the zip from the phone.
adb sideload method
For completeness, the direct adb sideload lineage-17.1-20210430-nightly-FP2-signed.zip was performed using the following steps:First, I wiped the system using Wipe>Advanced Wipe> select: Dalvik, System, Cache, Data, and swiping right, then  manually activated sideload mode by pressing (and swiping): Advanced>ADB Sideload>Swipe to Start Sideload which outputted:

Updating partition details...
... done
RescueParty
Full SELinux support is present
MTP Enabled
? Starting ADB sideload feature...

An observation is made here that the loading indicator keeps on loading without any progress. This might also be a reason the sideload does not yield a successful boot up of LineageOS.
Next, I tried I first tried the CLI approach:
adb sideload /sdcard/lineage-17.1-20210430-nightly-FP2-signed.zip

Which outputs:

Installing zip file /sideload/package.zip
Unmounting System
Warning: no file_contexts
Target: Fairphone/FP2/FP2:6.0.1/FP2-gms-18.04.01/FP2-gms-18.04.01:user/release-keys
Patching system image unconditionally
Script succeeded: result was [1.000000]
Formatting Cache using make_ext4fs...
Wiping Cache & Dalvik...
Cleaned: /data/dalvik-cache...
-- Dalvik Cache Directories Wipe Complete!

And I pressed Reboot System. This results in the (seemingly) endless booting of the LineageOS loading screen.
adb push method
Before I tried other builds for the FP2, I was mainly curious to learn how the sideloading would work using adb push. Hence, I tried:
adb push lineage-17.1-20210430-nightly-FP2-signed.zip /sdcard/

And started looking for ways to sideload that zip from the phone. The first thing I tried was, after starting the sideload mode manually and verifying that the TWRP was in sideload mode with command adb devices:
adb sideload /sdcard/lineage-17.1-20210430-nightly-FP2-signed.zip

Which returns:

adb: failed to stat file /sdcard/lineage-17.1-20210430-nightly-FP2-signed.zip: No such file or directory

Next, I tried exploring the TWRP options manually. One of the options could possibly be: Install>browse to /sdcard> and tap the: lineage-17.1-20210430-nightly-FP2-signed.zip. However that yields a warning:
This operation may install incompatible software and render your device unusable

And I think installing might be something else than sideloading, hence I think this might brick the device/not be what I am looking for.
Note
This is not about the xy-problem of making LineageOS boot on the Fairphone, it is about how to load LineageOS using TWRP from the phone instead of from the host.

Your comment resolved the xy-problem. From TWRP I first tried adb reboot fastboot and fastboot format userdata which yielded a set of errors starting with: Couldn't parse erase-block-size '0x'.. Then rebooted into TWRP and did a format of: Dalvik, System, Cache, Data then adb sideload ..zip, then pressed back>Wipe>swiped format and then rebooted, and then LineageOS actually booted correctly! I didnt (yet) derive if it was the format, or wiping of data (not userdata) in TWRP after sideloading LineageOS that resolved the error. The instructions don't mention wiping data afterwards.

Yes, for clarity/completeness, that is to be done before sideloading LineageOS, which I already did, which resulted in the error. Your suggestion was to do that after sideloading LineageOS, which I initially did not do, and after I did it, (along with fastboot format userdata), the issue was resolved. So I think it is valid to indicate that the recommendation to remove userdata after sideloading LineageOS is not included in the instructions you link to. Whereas, from my experience, and your comment, it seems important/essential.

order doesn't matter except you are installing zip from internal storage. because /sdcard is bind mount of /data/media/0 (and therefore erased when userdata is formatted)

To answer the headline only:
only block partition images can be flashed with adb push

extract zip file

convert sparse file into partition image
brotli --decompress --in system.new.dat.br --out system.new.dat
python sdat2img.py system.transfer.list system.new.dat system.img

flash partition images from adb in TWRP recovery
adb push boot.img /dev/block/platform/msm_sdcc.1/by-name/boot
adb push system.img /dev/block/platform/msm_sdcc.1/by-name/system

Don't forget to factory reset / format the whole user data

can be done from adb shell
adb shell
mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/block/platform/msm_sdcc.1/by-name/cache
mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/block/platform/msm_sdcc.1/by-name/userdata

For more alternative methods to manually install OTA flashable zip
Is it possible to flash a custom ROM without a custom recovery image

Could you perhaps explain why the factory reset is required after pushing the image(s) onto the device? Or share a source that discusses this?


text:
Why can I no longer share a URL to Brave or Chrome?
Within the last couple of months a change in Brave had affected my typical article reading workflow. This also affects Chrome, so I'm assuming it's a change in the underlying shared codebase.
I use Pocket to manage articles to read, and I would typically open an article in the Pocket app, click the share button, and then share the article URL to the browser. Recently this stopped working. Brave (and Chrome) no longer show in the list of all of the apps. Edge, however, does still show in that list.
I originally thought that Pocket had changed the way it was sharing, but I get the same results sharing a URL directly from one of the browser apps (though that app's Print action does show in the share options). Sharing from Pocket goes directly to the full app list, while sharing from the browser shows just the top options, then your have to scroll right and click More….
My new workflow is to use the copy action (which includes the article title as well as URL), and then paste it into the browser, and then delete the article title so it's just the URL, then navigate.
Is there something I can configure to get this browser sharing feature back? Does anyone know what the underlying change was for?

After a couple of months, the Chrome share action returned, and then a couple of months later the Brave share action returned. I assume it was due to some changes in their apps.

Open Chrome, type: chrome://flags/#chrome-sharing-hub
Set it to Disable. Restart Chrome. After restarting, you will have the normal sharing sheet.

The process should be the same with Brave.
Note: Google may remove the flag in future releases of the app.

This changes the experience when sharing from Brave, but doesn't seem to have any effect when trying to share to Brave.


text:
Is there a way to make a short cut icon that executes a sh file in android?
I made a sh file for being executed in termux, i want to make an icon that opens termux and execute that sh file. Kind an apk icon, that when you mash it executes the program

See this discussion for possible ways: https://github.com/termux/termux-app/issues/1730

Termux Widget

Use the termux widget add-on is not viable, because my program is interactive.

Using Termux Widget you can create an icon in home/launcher app. Tapping that would execute the command you specified while creating the widget icon. What else are you asking for?

Use the termux::tasker plugin in tasker or use the native termux task from the tasker function.

Thanks for sharing the idea. Would you mind to add details for those not familiar with the two mentioned options? What would one need to do to achieve the goal with them?


text:
Smasung Galaxy A51 stuck in bootloop, recognized by adb, not responding to adb commands
I have a Samsung Galaxy A51 that is stuck in a Boot-loop. Phone was originally water damaged, but worked until my Dad tried to charge it. I replaced the inside part of the phone with the USB port. When I run ADB (I have drivers) my phone shows up under ADB devices. But it does not respond to ANY ADB commands, I can't root, or push files. I also tried ODIN but I get "Odin Protocol version ERROR".
MAIN PROBLEM: phone shows up under ADB devices but does not respond to any ADB commands.
Any advice would be appreciated, thank you.

how exactly it shows up in adb, is it authorized? adb kill-server might be required on each reboot loop cycle. try to spam prompt with adb logcat during boot


text:
Slow touch/swipe response on Lenovo Tablet P11
I recently purchased Lenovo Tablet P11 and I must say it's a great tablet with one exception. The scrolling and swiping in it is not so sensitive. I noticed I need to drag my finger for one centimeter until it registers the swipe.
I tried animation settings in dev options and I turned on pointer location so I know that screen actually sees all the touches pretty well. That makes me think that it's software issue.
I was curious if anyone encountered such problem on P11 or other devices? Maybe someone knows how to improve it.
Thank you!


text:
Why are Google authentication consent screen buttons disabled on an Android 2.3 phone?
I want to use an old Galaxy Ace which runs Android 2.3 as a camera. I installed the Alfred camera app on it which requires Google login in order to connect the camera and the viewer device securely.
I can log in successfully with the Alfred app to Google, but then there is a consent screen to allow the app to access my account data and both buttons are disabled like here on this picture taken from the net.

Why is it that loggging in works, but I cannot proceed from the consent screen? How can this be fixed?

This login screen is actually a web page shown. I would assume that the used web browser component is too old. If this page is shown within an app then it uses the "Android System WebView" which is most likely a bit out-of-date on that device. May be it is that old that some of the included JavaScript fails and therefore the buttons remain disabled. Try to update the "Android System WebView" app.

@Robert you may be right, I searched for it and found this: "In the coming months, we will no longer allow OAuth requests to Google in embedded browsers known as “web-views” "  https://developers.googleblog.com/2016/08/modernizing-oauth-interactions-in-native-apps.htm it looks like the version of Alfred I can install which supports android 2.3 uses a webview for login which is restricted by google, so it's may be the end of the line, because I can't install a newer Alfred, they've dropped 2.3 support for quite a while


text:
I tried oneplus 8 pro with ubuntu: no lsusb/adb output
I have oneplus 8 pro connected to my ubuntu 20.04 box and installed:

vendor driver
android sdk
adb/fastboot

But different USB cables show no output in

lsusb
adb devices
fastboot devices

I have already reset usb-debugging and according authorization! I faintly remember having struggled with debugging authentication before...
What can I try next?

No, not at all: I have stock Android 11 from oneplus called Oxygen OS. I just want to use adb from the remote computer!

Sorry I was confused by the title. In my interpretation of the title you claim you have installed Ubuntu on your oneplus 8. When the device does not show up in lsusb then the other commands also will fail. Try to connect the phone to a different PC and check if it is detected there. If not the USB port of your device may be damaged. Does the phone charge normally?

No problem! I attached the smartphone to windows adb works fine... Ubuntu is my primary development machine: charging of the smartphone works but there is no usb debug authentication. I think I will have to wait for bugfix updates!


text:
Xiaomi Redmi 4 Malfunctioning
I have been using my Xiaomi Redmi 4(running on miui global 11.0.2, android 7.1.2) for almost 2 years now and never have I experienced such strange issues. Here's a list of some:
1)Play store: Cannot download any apps from play store. It says the app could not be downloaded, please troubleshoot. So I read the solutions, cleared cache and data from play store. I even uninstalled updates. When I tried to download or update any app, firstly the download did not start(it said downloading and never downloaded anything). Then I closed the app, cleared cache and data and opened it again(keep in mind this is the old version of play store as I uninstalled updates). This time the download started, but it reached around 13.60 mb/30mb and stopped. Then it said downloading again and restarted the download from 0 mb, reached 14.74 mb and stopped again. It kept looping like this 3 or 4 times and then I closed the app. I tried again, this time it download the whole 30 mb but gave me the error -506.

Chrome: I figured if I could not download apps from play store I would just download the APKs from chrome, but this didn't work either. When I clicked the download button chrome said "1 download pending" and waiting for network when I had a full strength connection. I tried again, cleared app cache and data, restarted the phone but again it showed download pending(I assure you it is not a connection problem). However browsing on the chrome app is completely fine, its just that I cannot download any files.

YouTube(app) keeps signing me out for no reason. It gives me an error and tells me to remove my account and sign in again. I go to settings and try to remove my Google account the remove account button is broken. I have tried to open the app again after rebooting,   but instead of giving me the error the app crashes and it says YouTube has Stopped(and keeps stopping). I have cleared cache, cleared data and rebooted but none of that works. Whenever I clear data or reboot and try to open the app, it crashed and says the app has stopped. I have tried to update the app but I cant- both my play store and chrome are broken.

When I reboot the phone the system tells me "android.acore.process" has stopped. I looked up this error on the internet, it said to clear the contacts data and cache. Did it. But this didnt fix the first 3 problems. I have no clue what acore process does.

I tried to play the "among us" video game(i had installed it before all these bugs started coming up) but whenever I open the game it says "insufficient space to download resources". I have tons of space left and this has never happened earlier.

WiFi not working: I click the WiFi button by scrolling the menu from the top of the screen but it doesn't turn on. I go to the WiFi settings and it says "turning WiFi on" but it never turns on. I rebooted my phone and by luck, somehow, the WiFi turned on and I haven't dared to turn it off since.

7)Settings search has stopped: I've been getting this error for quite some months now, and I don't think this is what's causing all the above problems. But I could be wrong, I have no idea

Never before seen strange system issues: I had a game APK saved from before. I tried to install it, it said "problem parsing the package"(I had installed the game from this same APK earlier) . Then I cleared the cache and data of package installer and tried installing, this time it said "insufficient storage space available" when I had plenty left. Please, why is every app malfunctioning? These are my storage stats btw: oh never mind, I tried to click a screenshot, it said "could not capture screenshot". Wow. Anyway, I have 2.39 GB free out of 16gb on internal storage and 25 GB free on my SD card.

I also have McAfee Antivirus Plus(the paid version) on my phone. I scanned and found no viruses. I also scanned with the Xiaomi built in security centre and found no issues.
The only real cause I can figure is that I might have deleted some system files. A few days ago I was on the drives app to clear the "other files" which are a huge mess on Xiaomi, and I deleted a couple of them. Is it possible I might have deleted an important file?
However I saw YouTube tutorials before deleting the "other files", they said it is alright to delete the other files as long as they're not named obb or backup files. Or is this a system bug? I have been on the miui 11.0.2 for about an year and I've never seen this happen before.
I've already posted this question on the Xiaomi forums as well but they have no clue what's going on. They told me to factory reset the phone but I don't want to lose my data. They also said that if the system has been corrupted, factory reset will do no good but they told me try it anyway.
Can someone please tell me what the hell is going on? Maybe some computer experts or software developers know which file I might've
deleted by mistake, or is it some other bug. Please help. My phone is a nightmare!

no, not possible you deleted important files. do a backup of your pictures to PC. try to backup some apps to micloud and google drive. some apps allow adb backup to PC. do factory reset and check if problem persist

Is there any other way to fix these problems? If I factory reset I am going to lose my MIUI updates as well and go back to miui10. And since redmi 4 updates have been discontinued since last year, my phone's security will be in jeopardy. Is there any particular app or file in MIUI you know which might be malfunctioning?

you can enable usb-debugging and run 'adb logcat > log.txt' open log file with Notepad++ and search for nearby lines mentioning android.acore.process maybe there is some useful information

Will solving the android.acore.process issue fix everything? Like I said I looked it up and the android troubleshooting site said clear the data of contacts, will that not solve the problem?

Does this answer your question? What is android.process.acore?

The android.acore.process seems to be working fine I guess, haven't seen any more popup system alerts. However this hasn't fixed anything. Downloading is still broken in play store and chrome

I did what you told but all I saw was lines of code which made no sense to me

Can you tell me why all my system apps are malfunctioning? The WiFi won't turn on, it doesn't let me capture screenshots, it says insufficient space when I have plenty left, package installer stops working, and all these Google apps are also bugged

maybe someone can tell you if you show us "lines of code which made no sense". the > operator is for redirecting terminal output to some file. once you have it you can share log.txt via pastebin.com (make it valid for 1 week autodeletion because may contain sensitive data like serialno, mac address etc)

https://notepad-plus-plus.org/downloads/v7.9.5


text:
How to get the Stoock ROM from Huawei P30 lite New Edition (MAR-LX1B)?
I am trying to root my new Huawei P30 lite New Edition(MAR-LX1B). I found out that there is no official version of TWRP for Huawei P30 lite New Edition(MAR-LX1B). After a long research I found out that there is a way to root without TWRP. But, you would need the stock ROM of Huawei P30 lite New Edition(MAR-LX1B).
I have long searched how to get the stock ROM, but could not find anything. So I wanted to ask if anyone knows how to get the stock ROM of Huawei P30 lite New Edition (MAR-LX1B)?

https://hcu-client.com/read-bootloader-code-huawei-phone

This site seems to have a link to the stock ROM. As with everything related to flashing and getting root access, do proper research as if things go wrong you might brick your phone. Also, note that I don't own your model, so can't ascertain if the file is legit or not.

Thank you very much. I found this website in advance, but I thought it was a scam because Malwareytes blocked the website and the website required you to enable notifications. However, when I investigated the website I was able to bypass the download blocking and was able to download a real version of Huawei Stock rom. However, now I have a new problem. Namely, to unlock the fastboot mode, you need a 16 digit code and the Huawei page to request an unlock code was turned off.)


text:
Upgrade Android on a really old tablet (SM-T210)
I've recently been given a free tablet, a Samsung Galaxy Tab 3 7.0 (SM-T210) and I want to experiment with custom ROMs and related stuff on it.
Since there is no official support for it and it still runs Android 4.4 I decided to do a search on xda and found no non-4.4 ROMs for it. Therefore, and because I heard it is possible to compile Android specifically for my device, I reached out to you for some help...
What information I have available:

Custom Kernel
I was able to flash TWRP 3.0.0.0 via Odin
The 7 inch variant has a Marvell PXA988 SoC (I heard it's more difficult to develop for?)
Stock ROMs readily available all around the web (multiple regions).

What knowledge I have:

Experience with flashing Custom ROMs and Recoveries in multiple devices and brands though I have never built my own.
Know my way around Linux and more specifically Ubuntu.

I really hope that somebody out there is able to help me and tell me if it is possible to create a custom ROM for it. Why noone has compiled a newer version of Android and all custom ROMs out there have 4.2/4.4 as a base?
Thank you so much in advance!

compiling is not the stumbling step here, one must modify the config and maybe source code - which you don't have because Marvell did not release. there is one lollipop build you can try (probably a kitkat port). lineageos has some building guide in case you get the source code somewhere

Okay thank you soo much! Two questions: a) The lollipop build you sent me is what I've tried (using TWRP) and it results in something like error due to signal 4. I have already modified the updater-script to no avail. Do you know what could be wrong? Maybe is it incompatible? Is there anyway to "force flash" this file just to see if it works? b) And when you mean the source, do you mean the kernel source or is it just something else I'm not aware of?

Does this answer your question? Building ROMs & Kernels?

a) you can extract zip and flash (converted) partition images via adb push b) kernel source code + aosp source code + hardware specific proprietary blobs

i recommend to build existing tree for SM-T217 only for learning exercise, you will get a feeling for compiling stuff. we can't help with this (i never built custom rom) it is off-topic here, only question about flashing issue is on-topic. you will find many experts on xda or stackoverflow


text:
LOST.DIR on my SD card contains 98 years old files
I was cleaning up my SD card and find LOST.DIR i knew what it was for but i did not understand why the hell there are 98 YEARS old files
Does someone have got an explain?
I´m kinda scared

there is only one possible explanation - you are a time traveler when you asleep. Dharma Initiative released the nanobot cloud which deleted your memory

Lol i think that is kinda imposible

Take a sheet of paper and a pen.
Write down the following sentence:
"My birthday is 01/01/1924"
You can see there is nothing mysterious on that paper. just because it is written somewhere it doesn't mean it is true.
LOST.DIR is collection directory for restored garbage from corrupt files which is created when fsck_msdos is trying to repair your MicroSD Card.
imagine directory is like a folder and each file is a sheet of paper. access to folder is restricted (some room only your family has the key). each paper/file has three timestamps

mtime - modify time is time of birth/update of file (data) itself
ctime - change time is time of file permissions (day your mother gave you the key)
atime - last access time (so your father knows the exact date when your hands touched the sheet of paper or you read it's content with your eyes)

the timestamp mtime of files can be set to any value independently of "current" date/time. even the "current" time hwclock of your phone itself can be set to any date if you want so.

Why it is 98 years can be coincidence or set intentionally. The question can not be answered without knowing the origin of that files.
If it happens too often (every day) and there is again lot of data inside LOST.DIR even after deleting, that might indicate your MicroSD Card is near end of life and will become unreadable soon

Wow! You realy scared me about my sd card ending.
Anyway thanks for help i just readed the files that have been placed here and they are images of "FixingWER" (Old smartphone fixing company) but it is creepy cuz the files are kinda glichy (Black sqares everywhere). Thanks for the help


text:
Is it possible to corrupt the bootloader from within the System / ROM?
I had a previously working Pixel 3XL, running Dirty Unicorns (flashed in December).  I hadn't touched the bootloader / fastboot since then, but just a couple of days ago, I rebooted the phone and it refused to boot after that.
The issue is that fastboot cannot determine the locked status of the phone (Device-State: error!), and therefore behaves as if it's locked (and therefore cannot continue with AVB).
I was curious if something in the system / boot / userspace was able to corrupt the bootloader, or if it was simply a failing battery / emmc.  It seems that other people have been struck with this issue, some of them with stock ROM.  (I've tried the battery method.  It didn't work for me)
(More details in the XDA post linked above.  Also any data recovery help would be nice)

you mentioned EDL mode, where did you get google firehose programmer from??

I didn't.  I was asking if someone had the files for an EDL rescue.

ah.. no no, google did not leak anything for it's devices for security reasons ;)


text:
Gmail personal email shows as “work” account
On the settings/accounts & backup/accounts page, myphone lists my gmail.com account as a “work account”.
I do not have a separate work profile.
The gmail work account is listed in addition the google account & email. It is alongside my actual corporate work account with the same swing badge icon.
I accepted mdm for the corporate account (an office 365 based account), which confers admin rights over the phone.
A separate exchange active sync is also present for the corporate account.
I should be able to remove the corporate account & this will remove the content (contacts, calendars, emails) but I am very nervous about any effort to remove the work gmail account.

Could anyone confirm what effect this might have if I try to remove the “work” gmail?
How can I tell which organisation actually owns this “work” gmail account?
(All references I find are for workspace corporate gmail accounts & work profiles but this is a personal gmail.com so I haven’t found assistance there)

Eg, has a malicious app gained control of the account? (No current evidence of that, but who knows….)
I will discuss with the sysadmin responsible for my corporate account - could it just be a side effect of enabling o365 corporate stuff?
My section of company is being demerged/transferred very soon so I like to resolve before someone accidentally wipes my entire phone….
Thanks the reading

Not sure if this helps. Possibly only to expand on your question as opposed to answer it directly.
I have 4 email addresses
I have a work profile with 1 gmail email and it is a parallel gmail app. In my personal gmail app (below) i see my 2 personal gmail emails (blacked out) and the only hint of the work one is the link in red.

Of interest to you is my fourth, Microsoft outlook email account with msn.com. For no logical reason under accounts one entry has it labeled as a work account.

If this is what you see then i believe you have nothing to fear, it is out of reach of my employer. This might not be what you see. I am very unsure why mine has a work label.
When you say

my gmail.com account as a “work account"

Do you mean it is a personal one?

yes, it is my personal email additionally tagged as a "work account" that I am unsure of. I don't have a separate work profile to both personal & work emails are shown, unlike your switch profile.   In essence I think your situation is the same though - your personal email is listed as a work account. I am hoping this is just to give the workplace authority to remotely wipe the device and that this will not affect the local content when the phone is separated from the workplace cleanly.

If it is exactly the same as my Microsoft account, appearing twice with those icons and all, i suspect it is just a UI bug. Perhaps add a screenshot


text:
Is there any way to call the share menu in a termux script?
I made a bash script for termux and at the end of it i want to  call the share menu to send a file made by my script by whatsapp for example
I really don't have any idea about how to do this.
Any help is appreciated :)

See termux-share and termux-open.


text:
How to identify google account based on "internal shared storage"
I soft bricked my grandma's (soft-broken (play-services kept crashing)) phone [Samsung A3] by performing a factory reset not knowing about Samsung/Google's factory reset protection and thinking she'd find her google account credentials on her password paper. Since she uses a limited set of passwords there is substantial chance to recover her google account (and with it her phone) once we know her google account name. (She has proof of ownership but service points are closed & they charge to remove frp & this would not restore the google account)
I backed up her "internal shared storage" before the wipe and am now wondering if there is chance to find her google account name somewhere there among the data, Downloads, DCMI, WhatsApp, etc. folders. Do you have an idea where it might be saved in plain text?

Does this answer your question? How to bypass "Verify your account" (Factory Reset Protection)

@alecxs No, thanks. This question is not about how to bypass frp (through you could say it's about how to pass it) but about how to recover a google account if all you have is the password and the contents of the shared internal storage (the stuff that shows up in explorer if you plug the phone into a pc).

okay, check this link from Robert then :)

In the meantime she went ahead and got an overpriced A12 (man, this generation so addicted to their phones ;-) ), (and it turns out whatsapp does not store (at least show on a new phone) the google account previously used to back-up in the cloud) . When I get hands on the phone I will for sure try to unbrick it with one of your suggestions.  But the question remains.

thanks @alecxs the google account recovery link could have helped in this situation if she had set her email or phone number as recovery options (she did not (now she knows why they have been asking her for her phone number all the time)).

Only option i currently see is full-text search through the backup for "@gmail.com" or "@googlemail.com" and maybe loading the whatsapp backup to the new phone and check if the account is shown then...

afaik it's not limited to g(oogle)mail can be any email address? you can try grep with regex also on binary files

Yes, of course you are right, could be any email! Thanks for the link - looks helpful! Will try (after activating WSL on her PC) next time I am there.
Regarding my whatsapp approach: loading a local whatsapp backup does not indicate if/which googleaccount was previously used as backup.


text:
Device not detected in fastboot | REALME 3 PRO
I have device Realme 3 Pro. And I am trying to install TWRP. So, I downloaded In-depth test apk and got application reviewed. Then I booted into fastboot and device is not showing in device manager. I tried to add legacy device with google usb drivers. It said drivers installed but device starting failed. Error code 10.

It detected corrupted adb interface. So, I again updated same drivers.

This time device popped up in other devices and showed an error icon. So, I again updated drivers for the device. It says drivers installation successful.

But, when i double click on icon it shows no drivers are installed.

No matter how many time i update the drivers it shows no drivers installed.

Solutions tried

resetted my PC
resetted my phone
tried various ADB drivers for Windows
tried various ADB drivers for Android interface
completely wiped my PC
re-installed Windows (clean install)
updated Windows
updated all drivers present in Windows
updated BIOS
updated my phone to latest version

NOTE: OEM unlocking is ON. And usb-debugging is on too.

The ADB driver is for ADB not for fastboot. For Fastboot you need the driver "Android bootloader Interface".

@Robert I tried to install the bootloader drivers as well while keeping my phone in fastboot. But, It just installs and second after when I click on phone icon it shows no drivers are installed. It gives same result for any driver.

windows driver signature enforcement

@alecxs Ofcourse I tried to install various bootloader drivers while keeping my phone in fastbootboot mode and connected with my PC.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=71YAIw7_-kg

you can access your phone with fastboot command.
try fastboot devices in cmd and it will show connected fastboot devices.
you can see full command list with fastboot --help
if you want to install twrp, you need to enter the command:
fastboot flash recovery <your twrp image file>

but i think you need to unlock your bootloader first.

Welcome to Android Enthusiasts. Kindly read the question before answering


text:
Unable to install Google App on Motorola E6i
Ultimately trying to install Android Auto which I succeeded in doing via the apk. It told me I was missing the Google app, Google Maps and Voice rec. I installed 2 out of 3 of these but the Google app refuses to install even from APK. It seems Google Go is factory installed with no way to uninstall so I just disabled it but still no success. Running latest Android 10.
Any ideas. Thanks in advance

Is your device a full Android device or a light-weight Android Go?

It's a Motorola E6i with the Go edition of Android 10 (I just looked it up) so does that mean there is no way to install the proper version of Android 10? Forgive my ignorance and thanks for such a quick reply!

Regarding full-fledge Android 10, you might be interested in my answer (at the end). However, since I only put my suggestions based on what others have done and testified, I can't guarantee personally if it will work, or worse, brick your phone.

Cheers - will give it a go.

Clear cache and data of the google play store, Google play services and Google chrome. Now reboot your phone download the app again from play store or chrome and install it, it worked for me


text:
How to resolve a bug where documets and media files are not indexed to MediaStorage
I have encountered a problem with several file managers which I have failed to resolve.
Files in my device are not properly indexed and hence are not recognised by the file managers at least to my understanding.
Instead of choosing a desired category in the file manager e.g documents or video etc, it shows as empty yet  have several files of that type. I have to manually dig through the internal Storage to find the specific file see image:

I understand in some devices running MIUI, the culprit apps usually are Downloads and MediaStorage so I have wiped their data and even uninstalled updates yet the problem still persists. Funny the problem does not in second space (multi user space), anything that I am missing.
Android 9, MIUI 11 Xiaomi Redmi Note 4 (mido)

Have you tried a force scan of shared storage: https://android.stackexchange.com/a/209119/218526?

files in second space probably have different location (or namespace) if your phone is rooted check /data/media/0 /data/media/10 ... possible other reason files placed /data/media/0 manually may not have right permissions. files with non-trivial names (forbidden chars on fat) or size bigger than 4gb are invisible from /storage/emulated/0

@IrfanLatif yes I did a force scan twice but with no positive results

it's hard to say without knowing file location and how the file was created or if we even talk about the same thing. for example on isolated mount namespaces you can create a file from one app but it is not visible to other apps, unless you change settings in magisk

@alecxs thanks so much for the explanation, the problem is fixed after a nandroid restoration, I don't whether I should delete this question or leave  as it seems too individualised.

@xavier_fakerat don't delete the question. Post the answer as something like: "I restored nandroid backup I had and it solved the problem for me. It is unfortunate that I still don't know how restoring the backup solved the problem. If anyone has pointers to that, please put them in the  comments for others to understand this solution". A lot of times, an answer has good value even if it doesn't explain how the answer works. :)


text:
If both Android and Chrome OS are based on Linux, why is it not possible to install Chrome OS on an Android device?
I've been searching online for a way to install Chrome OS on an Android tablet and every single answer I've come across so far is "No".
Why is it not a possibility? Both operating systems are based on Linux so (to my very basic knowledge and understanding) it seems like it should be possible.

The simple answer is it would be possible if Chrome OS would support your device and your device has an unlocked bootloader. But I I am not aware that Chrome OS supports any Android tablet.

Theoretically you can install any operating system on any device. Just modify it (if possible) and make it compatible with your device.


text:
Install linphone on kyocera e4610
Is there a way to install LinPhone on this android based flip? The other option would be "signal" as an alternative voip idea...
Let me know, David

Yes it's possible just sign thought app with a test signature int should install via adb.
Is thought still having issues just rename the package to com.android.cts.linphone and thou should be fine.


text:
Why can't ARMv8a applications run on ARMv7a?
I have an ARMv7a device and I am not able to install ARMv8a applications. But I am able to install ARMv7a + ARMv8a applications.
How am I able to install ARMv7a + ARMv8a and ARMv7a but not ARMv8a applications?

If somebody understands English and French she/he will be able to read a book written in English or French. If you only understand French it will be very hard for you to understand a book in English. ARMv7 and ARMv8a are also like languages and the CPU is like a person reading the book of a certain language. Most ARMv8 CPUs are multi language capable. ARMv7 only understand one "language". As the language is hard coded in the CPU you can't change it by software.

Nice explanation by Robert, thanks! Another analogy: A newer version of your word processor has added additional "formatting elements" to the document format. It can still read the older formats fine – but the older version naturally cannot understand the new format (think *.doc vs *.docx). ARMv7 is the (older) predecessor of ARMv8, the latter added new instruction sets ARMv7 does not understand.

Android apps for “armeabi-v7a” and “x86” architecture: SoC vs. Processor vs. ABI

@Izzy Things are getting even more complicated as CPUs will be released that only support ARMv8 but not ARMv7 and then there is the new 64bit only CPU type ARMv9 (bit incompatible to ARMv8 as far as I know) which just been announced. Things will really getting complex next year's...

Ouch, that's indeed bad news. So ends our "easy chain"…

@Robert The Android CDD since Android 5.0 mandates 32-bit/ARMv7 support so for Android there is backwards compatibility (for now).

I am able to install  (armv7a + armv8a) install on armv7a ? As @ Robert said armv7a and armv8a are different. Still I am able to install armv7a + armv8a applications

Basics
Applications that are entirely built from Java or Kotlin code, including all the libraries and SDKs they use, don't care about which of armv7a and armv8a a device supports. However, quite a few apps include "native code", aka "machine code", usually compiled from C or C++ code using the Android Native Development Kit ("NDK").
A given piece of machine code is either 32-bit (armv7a) or 64-bit (armv8a). It cannot be both.
Running native code
Applications that support both armv7a and armv8a have two sets of machine code included in their APK files:

One set for armv7a
One set for armv8a

Your armv7a device can happily run the code that's intended for it.  It can understand that, and has the libraries and other software it needs to run it. It can't understand armv8a code at all, and is thus unable to run it. Applications that only support armv8a thus can't be run, so Android prevents you from installing them. If it let you install them, you'd waste data and storage finding out that they crashed when run.
Forthcoming complexities
The ARMv9 architecture Is gradually appearing in Android devices. The Qualcomm Snapdragon 8 Gen 1 was one of the first v9 chips announced, in November 2021. Most ARMv9 cores can't run armv7a code, because they don't implement that 32-bit instruction set (or any other). The 2023 generation of new core designs from ARM is the first with no cores at all that can run armv7a code. They can run armv8a code.
This means that devices with ARMv9 processors:

Can run apps that support armv7a and armv8a.
Can run apps that only support armv8a.
Can't run apps that only support armv7a.

It's a good thing that Google have been demanding that new and updated apps for the Play Store include armv8a code since August 2019 if they include any native code.
If and when the Android NDK acquires an option to build for armv9a, such code won't run on armv7a or armv8a devices. I presume that Google will require APKs with armv9a code to provide armv8a code as well, at least for a few years.
Why is there any armv7a machine code in use?
Android has quite a long history, and when it started, neither armv7a nor armv8a had been standardised. So there's been a gradual process of upgrading native code to newer standards.
In more detail, the original NDK in June 2009 only supported "armeabi" machine code, using the ARMv5TE instruction set. Armv7a was added in June 2010, x86 in June 2011 and MIPS in May 2012. Armv8a, along with 64-bit x86 and MIPS was added in July 2014. Armeabi, MIPS and MIPS64 were removed in June 2018.
Someone starting on Android NDK work today would support armv7a and armv8a, or maybe only armv8a if they were only interested in newer, faster devices, or their app needed to use lots of memory.
There have been a few Android devices that had 64-bit processors and a 64-bit Android kernel, but didn't have 64-bit Java/Kotlin run-times. The one I encountered was a 2017 model of the Amazon Kindle Fire HD 10, which is now discontinued. I bought it for the 64-bit Android 5, and the lack of 64-bit Java run-times was no problem for the native code I needed to test in the ADB shell.
The main benefit of 64-bit Java/Kotlin run-times is that they allow apps running on them to access more memory. This is only significant on devices with at least 4GB of RAM, so providing those run-times on devices with smaller memories has little value. As of 2023, 4GB seems to be becoming the standard for new low-end Android devices.

Regarding the SoC:

ARMv7 SoC => 32-bit
ARMv8 SoC => 32-bit + 64-bit both

Regarding the app:

ARMv7a + ARMv8a packages => it has both ARMv7a and v8a binaries of that app bundled, so it installs the 32-bit version (ARMv7a) of the package if the device has an ARMv7 SoC or the 64-bit version if the device has an ARMv8 SoC.

ARMv7a packages => it only has 32-bit binaries, installable on both ARMv7 and v8 chips.

ARMv8a packages => it only has ARMv8a installable binaries, so if the device is 32-bit, the app package simply won't install.


text:
Set android as internet gateway to local router (Not mobile hotspot)
Background
I have a local network and I want to have my mobile serve as an internet gateway when entering the network.
What I'm asking is asked here, here and here. An advanced version has also been asked here but all of them have no answers leading me to a conclusion this might not be possible. With this post, trying to list down what I tried, problems faced so as to open a discussion for a possible solution to this problem. Have tried this with relatively recent android 9, 10 and 11.
Some obvious steps

Have static IP for the mobile which will serve as a gateway.
Setup router to use the gateway.

Problems

Android connects to wifi and gives a warning that access point doesn't have internet access. We can switch to mobile data but the local network is inaccessible as wifi is disconnected. Changing to always use mobile data in developer options also behaves the same.
Let's suppose android is used as gateway and other devices are able to access internet, how will the device access local network? A probable solution is to make a middleware that decides to send packets to internet or intranet, or perhaps use internet as a fallback. I'm pretty sure mobile will need to be rooted for this kind of control. Is there anything developed which can be used directly?

You don't need a middleware. While already connected to Mobile Data, on a rooted device, connect to the WiFi network manually from commandline (and not let the Android decide which network interface it should select as the default gateway) and then also set routing table and IP forwarding manually (using ip and iptables commands). I've used my Android device for years this way to avoid the burden of hotspot on battery life.

An even more complicated but robust solution: How to assign Mobile Data's public IP to host connected on hotspot? (one of my most researched and lengthy answers but the least recognized ;). You can connect to an existing WiFi network instead of creating hotspot. That won't make much difference in the overall approach.

Your problem description is still very high-level and unclear what you actually did. We can help you best if you explain all the details what you configured on the different devices. This means the IP addresses you have set-up, configured gateway and so on. Just posting "does not work" will not get you closer to a solution. Please edit your question and add those details.

With some help from the answers by @Irfan Latif linked in the comment and here, and by examining the output of iptables -L and iptables -t nat -L in various scenarios like Hotspot, BT tethering, USB tethering etc., I managed to write a script that helps me to share my mobile data connection to the local Wi-Fi network by using a static IP for the phone, and setting it as the gateway in the Wi-Fi router or in individual devices.
Here is the script I wrote, it must be run in a root shell or by prefixing su -c:
#!/bin/sh

echo "(Re-)creating iptables NAT and Forward rules..."
for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ; do
        iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -o rmnet_data$i -j MASQUERADE
        iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -o rmnet_data$i -j MASQUERADE

        iptables -D FORWARD -i rmnet_data$i -o wlan0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
        iptables -D FORWARD -i rmnet_data$i -o wlan0 -j ACCEPT
        iptables -D FORWARD -i wlan0 -o rmnet_data$i -j ACCEPT
        #iptables -D FORWARD -i wlan0 -o rmnet_data$i -m state --state INVALID -j DROP

        iptables -I FORWARD -i rmnet_data$i -o wlan0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
        iptables -I FORWARD -i rmnet_data$i -o wlan0 -j ACCEPT
        iptables -I FORWARD -i wlan0 -o rmnet_data$i -j ACCEPT
        #iptables -I FORWARD -i wlan0 -o rmnet_data$i -m state --state INVALID -j DROP
done

echo "Enabling forwarding for wlan and rmnet_data interfaces..."
echo 1 >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/wlan0/forwarding
echo 1 >/proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/wlan0/forwarding
for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ; do
        echo 1 >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/rmnet_data$i/forwarding
        echo 1 >/proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/rmnet_data$i/forwarding
done

echo "Emptying the main route table..."
ip route flush table main

echo "Copying rmnet_data interface routes to main table..."
IFS=$'\n'; for i in $(
        ip route show table all |
        grep "table rmnet_data" |
        grep -v "expires" |
        sed -Er 's/table rmnet_data[0-9]* /table main /g'
); do
        eval "ip route add $i"
done

echo "Copying wifi interface routes to main table (except default)..."
ip route del default table wlan0
IFS=$'\n'; for i in $( ip route show table wlan0 | grep -vE 'expires|default' ); do
        eval "ip route add $i table main"
done

echo "Replacing lookup routes for main table..."
while ip rule del from all lookup main ; do "" ; done 2>/dev/null
ip rule add lookup main

echo "Clearing routing cache..."
ip route flush cache

(I don't usually write shell scripts, so some things might not be the best here )

Some notes and assumptions:

I have only tested this on a rooted Android 10 phone running MIUI 12, not sure if it works for others.

In the Developer options of the phone, I have the Mobile data always active setting switched on, to prevent turning off mobile data when Wi-Fi is connected.

I've written the script such that I am also able to continue accessing devices on the local Wi-Fi network while acting as a gateway. The icon in the status bar might wrongly indicate that Wi-Fi is being used for internet, however it can be verified in a browser, that mobile data is being used for internet.

The changes done by this script are not permanent. When Wi-Fi or mobile data disconnects or if USB tethering / Wi-Fi hotspot / BT tethering is toggled, some of the above changes are removed by Android and the script has to be run again. This can be automated using apps like Automate / Tasker.

Mobile data interfaces: In the output of ip addr, I see that my (dual-SIM Qualcomm modem) phone has 11 interfaces named rmnet_data0..10 and 9 interfaces named r_rmnet_data0..8. I wasn't sure which one is responsible for mobile data. On toggling airplane mode on/off multiple times, I saw that r_rmnet_data never gets assigned an address but the phone randomly picks 2 interfaces from the 11 rmnet_data interfaces and assigns an IPv4 and v6 address to them (I guess SIM 1 uses the first 5, and SIM 2 uses the rest 5 but I'm not sure).
For the sake of simplicity, I decided to enable forwarding for all the interfaces. The names of interfaces might vary for different devices, so the for loops in the above script will need to be adjusted/removed accordingly.

The name of the Wi-Fi interface was wlan0 on my phone. It might be different for others, and hence will need to be adjusted in the above script.

Wrong data usage counters: The data usage counters in Android settings might not show any account of the mobile data used by Wi-Fi devices in this manner, or the total data usage counter might not match with the sum of data usage counts of all apps. I believe this can be fixed by using the tetherctrl_FORWARD chain instead of FORWARD to make it count this usage as mobile hotspots, but am yet to try this out.

Although I have enabled forwarding for IPv6 in the above script, I have not been able to find out how to either propogate the delegated prefix to devices on the local Wi-Fi network or use the phone as an IPv6 NAT gateway (not even sure if Android supports this). I'm currently happy with just IPv4, so I might not update the script for IPv6, unless someone is interested (comment please).

Battery drain: The battery of the phone drains considerably when using it as a gateway with the above script, just as it does while using Wi-Fi hotspot.

Tip: If the removal of the default route on the Wi-Fi interface (as done in my script) does not work as expected, you might have better luck setting an invalid/non-existent device IP address as the gateway in Android Wi-Fi settings, to force Android to detect that an internet connection is not available on Wi-Fi

Unable to get this working on Android 12 (MIUI 13) :(

@Oenotria I might be able to help you if you provide more details. Did you check the name of your mobile data and WiFi interfaces? Did you try manually adding the routes and iptables rules for a single interface (which has been assigned an IP address by mobile data) first, in the phone's shell? What is the observed behaviour?


text:
How do I open about:config in Firefox on Android?
A lot of settings on Firefox for Android need about:config, but I cannot open it by typing in the address bar.
Here is a screenshot 15 seconds after I typed about:config in the address bar and pressed enter.

Here is a screenshot showing the version of Firefox on my phone.

What am I doing wrong?

about:config is disabled in builds other than Nightly
From this answer:

You can access about:config in the Nightly build of Firefox for Android, available from the Google Play store .

about:config also works in Firefox Beta.


text:
How to remove old credit card details from credit card autofill feature in Android One?
Every app in my phone (Xiaomi Mi A2, Android One) that implements Credit Card auto-fill still shows my old credit card information even though I have already (a) replaced all my payment information in my google account a few weeks ago, (b) used 'Scan a new card' feature every time this auto-fill feature pops up and (c) cleared cache and storage of the app that used this feature.
Do you know where these credit card information are kept and where can I reset them?

Note: The credit card info above were purposefully blurred.
Other Notes
Out of curiosity, when I select any of those old credit cards, I get an error popup
Request failed: An unexpected error has occurred. Please try again later [OR-PMIA-18]

This is expected as I have removed them from my google account.

I was able to reset the Credit Card information by going to Settings > Google > Auto-fill > Auto-fill with Google then switch to different Google account and back again. My guess is this action clears the auto-fill cache.
You might also have some luck clearing the Setting app's cache instead but I have not tried that.

Cleat the App Data which are storing the information.
And if it doesnot work.
your password can be managed by different apps depending on what Brand you are using, SAMSUNG, IPHONE or other every Manufacture has its own official app which manage this kind of information of users.
Like Samsung has Samsung Pass (in settings).

This is not helpful. OP has mentioned this in the question: "Do you know where these credit card information are kept and where can I reset them?"

bro simply clear the app data !
and this could also be in SAMSUNG PASSWORD MANAGER if you are using samsung, or any password Manager in your phone

You don't get it. OP has no idea what exactly is providing old credential to every app which wants to access credentials. Are you suggesting that OP should clear data for all apps they use? That's too much for something there is no surety to work out good at the end.

What is OP ? Bro you can simply clear the app data by going into app setting from phone setting, and im telling you that your password can be managed by different apps depending on what Brand you are using, SAMSUNG, IPHONE or other every Manufacture has its own official app which manage this kind of information of users!

OP means original poster. In this case, the person who asked the question. That said, it is probable that I am not getting what you are trying to convey. As such, I'm leaving the discussion with the assumption that OP or somebody else would be able to make good use of  your answer.

@MubashirMurtaza problem is I don't know which app is storing that CC information. I don't have Xiaomi's official app installed in my phone too. I suspect it is Google and I have already cleared Google app's storage and cache but it didn't work.


text:
Should SELinux be Permissive to access /dev/diag
I am trying to set the SELinux to permissive on Android with no luck.
I tried the command su 0 setenforce 0 it returns OK while still being Enforcing if checking immediately using getenforce command.
I even tried to change the prop.build: this file did not exist instead a prop.build.bak did so i copied it modified the SELinux to 0 instead of 1 and pushed it without the .bak extension. Even i checked with external applications that modify the prop.build where the SELinux is set to 0 but when checking with the getenforce command it is still returning Enforcing.
My goal is to get access to the /dev/diag which I believe is being denied due to SELinux using Android JNI as:
 fd = open("/dev/diag", O_RDWR | O_LARGEFILE | O_NONBLOCK);

What shall i do?
Update:
When using the command ls -l /dev/diag it returns crw-rw-rw- system   qcom_diag 244,   0 2015-01-14 01:47 diag.
Here is some dmesg extract
here is the extract of the dmesg:

[18177.676603]  [0: servicemanager:  743] avc:  received setenforce notice   (enforcing=1)
[18182.768070]  [1: servicemanager:  743] avc:  received setenforce notice (enforcing=1)
[18183.231867]  [0:           init:    1] avc:  received setenforce notice (enforcing=1)
[18183.232006]  [0:           init:    1] avc:  received setenforce notice (enforcing=1)

And tried to follow https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36005670/why-cant-my-android-app-has-root-privilege-access-dev-input to use the open server class with no luck: returning Server thread forced to quit by error
As for the ROM I am using the J5-J500H (J500HXXU1AOG4_OXE1AOG4_J500HXXU1AOG4) and Android 6.0.1 as follow: https://forum.xda-developers.com/t/how-to-root-twrp-samsung-galaxy-j5-2015-2016-prime-variant-marshmallow-6-0-1.3502292/
Hint: I don't think the ROM is the problem because I am using other applications that are being able to access the /dev/diag

It's quite unclear what you are trying to do. You are performing some random steps which don't relate much. // SELinux may not be set permissive on all devices. Explanation here: https://android.stackexchange.com/search?q=user%3A218526+SECURITY_SELINUX_ENFORCING // TWRP and main system (ROM) are two independent operating systems. SELinux state in one doesn't affect the other. // SELinux policy enforcement requires two context. Target context in your case is u:object_r:diag_device:s0. What's the source context? From where you want to access /dev/diag?

Did you check avc denials in dmesg? Which ROM / Android version are you using? Why do you want to remount /system RW? // Please state clearly your actual problem, not the steps you are performing to resolve the problem. Be aware of XY problem.

Thanks, @IrfanLatif how can I get continuous dmesg? since after the code execution ends If i check the dmesg i am not getting any avc

As for the ROM I am using the J5-J500H (J500HXXU1AOG4_OXE1AOG4_J500HXXU1AOG4) and Android 6.0.1

Following these instructions: https://forum.xda-developers.com/t/how-to-root-twrp-samsung-galaxy-j5-2015-2016-prime-variant-marshmallow-6-0-1.3502292/


text:
Can an app that has permission to access the photos copy them?
i'm really wondering and can't find answer. Google Play from the store every downloaded apps want to access photos. Permission content read the contents of your usb, modify or delete the contents of your usb storage
My question is, can the application copy and send the photos to the application owner if they want? They are virus-free applications available in the official store I am talking about.
My device is an Xiaomi Android tv box running Android 9.

What you are looking at is the static permission to get read/write access to the shared storage (/sdcard respectively /storage/emulated/0).
Since about Android 6 this static permission you grant by installing the app is no longer enough for actually accessing the files on the shared storage. Instead the app has to additionally ask you to get access to those files at run-time. And this time you can chose to deny access. Additionally apps usually ask for this permission at that time when they really need it. This means if access to shared storage is only required for one functionality you never use you should not see this permission request dialog and thus the app never gets access to the shared storage.
But if you get this permission request and you allow it then the app has full access to ever file on shared storage including your stored photos. An app can do anything it want with files it has access to, including sending them to a server in the internet.
Google also recognized that "all-or-nothing permission" was not a good decision. Starting with Android 10/11 the way to access devices shared storage has totally changed and now allows to grant/deny access on a finer granular level.

Thank you very much for your explanatory, instructive important comment.


text:
Android System shows toast message of "password may be incorrect"
Recently I noticed there is a toast message popping up saying "password may be incorrect". With the help of toast source, I able to identify the source of the toast message which is Android System. What happen to my phone?
Oneplus 7T, Android 11

I AOSP source code there are some strings that contain this error message. They seem to be related to Wifi connection. May be this toast means that some known Wifi access point is near but the Wifi passphrase seem to be incorrect. Try to disable Wifi and check if that stops those messages.

thanks. it could be the potential reason. the message only pop up occasionally. let me try and see.


text:
Recovering data from "Recently deleted" folder (SD card) in Huawei P20 after removal
I sent some files from my SD card to the "Recently deleted" folder and then removed the card.
May I be able to recover these files if I insert back the SD?
Thanks for your help!

try this app from comments

i have better experience reconstructing pictures with ZAR/Klennet Carver especially on read errors caused by emmc wear-out. of course this method does not apply to encrypted sd card (adoptable-storage)

The easiest way to recover data from an SD card would be by connecting it to a PC.  I recommend an open source, cross-platform tool called 'PhotoRec'
https://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/PhotoRec)

The reason is that files can be a little broken when they're recovered from being deleted, so having a tool that understands file structures can be helpful.  The name 'PhotoRec' is a little misleading, since it actually recovers hundreds of different file types
https://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/File_Formats_Recovered_By_PhotoRec)

There's a good tutorial here since the UI is quite simplistic:
https://havecamerawilltravel.com/photographer/photorec-recover-photos-memory-card/


text:
Battery for Samsung Galaxy S8
I am looking to replace the battery in my samsung galaxy s8.  Amazon shows many available batteries, ranging in capacity from 3000mAh to 4350mAh, all about $20 or less.  The one and only authorized Samsung technician in my neighborhood tells me that none of those batteries is optimized to work with the phone, that any of them would result in very poor battery life, and that I need an OEM battery, capacity 3000mAh, for $99 (plus labor of course).  Should I believe him?

Samsung technician is telling you what he has been trained to say (like a call center operator). It does not make any sense:

Think of the bigger battery as an extended battery and it will work as long as it fits in the battery compartment and the battery terminals are identical (if it is advertised for your model by a reputed seller, it should). This is not a unusual situation as after market battery manufacturers make a large capacity battery that serves for several device models as long as the battery dimensions and terminal connections are same.

It's no secret that accessories such as batteries, cables and other accessories are far more expensive from OEM compared to after market manufacturers (added revenue for them). Therefore standard refrain of buy OEM products only.

But, you would face a problem of correct battery reading in your status bar  When you change your battery and replace with an extended battery, the ROM information pertaining to battery is not updated ( battery capacity is hard coded - for more details see Where are the battery capacity files located?).
So, your battery readings in status bar would be wrong. To overcome this problem, use 3C Toolbox and adjust the capacity of the battery manually in the app (from Battery Manager → Tap the 4 small square icon → Adjust Capacity or use Configuration Wizard) and create a shortcut on your home screen for the Battery Mgr widget and use that to measure (not the status bar battery status)

This sounds like all I need to know.  Thank you.


text:
how to improve performance for games?
When touch responsiveness is really important (other than urgent moments, actually that would be a more important context).
I have a sm-j700, android 6.0.1, 1.34GB RAM (low RAM is the biggest problem).
To play games like pubg mobil elite, or AnimA ARPG, I have to:

clean google play services app bloatful data (seems to cause generic overall slowdown, why they dont fix it?)
disable OS animations in developer mode
disable the weather forecast widget and set its update interval to none, that app is really problematic

Edit: disable or uninstall (adb shell remove) most apps that insist on using RAM, was what really worked here. Use simple system monitor to track'em. Use system safe app remover for hints on what you can uninstall.
And I always have to:

developer mode: stop all services using too much memory >= 10MB (least google play services and anything else you think is important like a firewall), and weather forecast app if it ever believes I need it running and causing trouble (sometimes I have to do this again while playing the game). And the only way to stop "samsung push service" from auto restarting is going to it's info and force stop it.
quickly start the game after that to grant it will use RAM before the annoying bloatful services have a chance to mess it up

If I don't do that, suddenly touches are ignored, the game freezes for many seconds, touches freezes and the game keeps playing like we are holding the touch, and worst of all, the OS may crash and reboot...
But all that is quite a lot of micromanagement lowering the quality of the android realm user experience making people everywere complaint, when it is actually easily fixable.
Are there other tips I am missing?
Could all that be automatic on a non rooted phone? Like a generic game launcher that grants all is perfect before running the game?
But if it could work only on rooted, I would consider doing that.
Should I split this making an answer? Did it work on your phone model and android version?

The only thing you could try is permanently disable the weather widget app as shown hre. Besides that I think you have to face reality. You can't teach an old dog new tricks, means your phone is near end-of-life if you want to play games.

Agreed! But new phones in my country are are unnecessarily costy because of my country's low valued currency worsened by import and transaction taxes. Basically, we here end with no much choice than stick with old but good phones and beg developers to not bloat the games with non optional and mostly unnecessary assets.

Then may be you should root/unlock your device and install a clean custom ROM without any Google services and the typical Samsung junk. Then you would have to install updates manually but it would allow you to run the device with a minimum OS so you could get a maximum of RAM and no interference form services running in background. For custom ROMs check XDA: https://forum.xda-developers.com/f/samsung-galaxy-j7-roms-kernels-recoveries-oth.5266/

I didnt know we could remove google services completely! I will consider that, thx! Non rooted is difficult to have quality, and they clearly depreciate old phones (by not providing updates for ex) to sell new hardware, what is not compatible with the reality of 3rd world countries.


text:
What's the "debuglogger" directory?
What is the directory "debuglogger" (/storage/emulated/0/debuglogger) for and how to completely remove it? In a week it uses almost 5% of my phone's memory. I have to delete it manually to free space, but it creates itself again in seconds.
I have a Nokia 2.3 phone with Android 11, could anyone help me to stop this?

Could you please edit your question and add the complete path of this "debuglogger" directory?

Hopefully helps: How to identify the app/process which [...] creates files [...]?

Unfortunately I do not have a rooted phone :c Nokia websites have the instructions for that, but I'm not ready to take the risk that my phone would lose some of it's functions

debuglogger is not a universal directory found in Android device's internal storage. This is most likely specific to either Nokia devices or to an app you have installed. Either way, we are in the same boat as you are. Directories in internal storage are safe to remove at anytime. If you decide to regularly cleanup this directory because of it occupying unnecessary storage space, you can refer to my answer on this question: https://android.stackexchange.com/q/124949/96277. Hopefully, somebody might be able to tell what this directory is all about.


text:
Authorize ADB connection from another connection
Let's say that I have access to the phone via serial port (edit: FTDI USB Serial Device converter). I want to install apk, so I need to have working adb connection. But I don't have an access to the touchscreen, to accept authorization dialog. Phone is also connected to the same WiFi networks as my computer. Is there a command in phone shell to accept incomming adb connection?
--edit--
It looks like I don't have enable "Developer options", and what is worse there is no possibilities to activate. Is this blocker issue for authorizae adb connection?
--edit2--
After @Rober suggestions from comments, I have issued activity manager from shell to show developer options am start -a com.android.settings.APPLICATION_DEVELOPMENT_SETTINGS, but I'm getting message that it is not available: Error: Activity not started, unable to resolve Intent

What commands can you execute through that UART connection?

I have access to shell via UART. You mean special command in UART, or shell commands?

@Robert I have edited question - I'm using "FTDI USB Serial Device converter"

If you have shell access you can try to send simulated key strokes to navigate and execute something in the Android UI: https://stackoverflow.com/a/8483797/150978

Sending such input to the device is not problem in this specific case. The problem is, that there is no authorization dialog. Should I have "Developer options" enabled?

To open developer settings directly: am start -a com.android.settings.APPLICATION_DEVELOPMENT_SETTINGS

Almost done, but I'm gettin info that there is no such activity. Maybe I should look for activity which enables "Development settings"?

Is this phone locked under some kind of MDM? Those devices usually prevent developer settings from being enabled on production mode.

I am sorry but I don't think we can help you here. Your device seem to be a non-standard developer board or something similar as it has a serial shell access and no developer option.

Anyway, thanks for help

usually developer options is hidden behind build number. for emulating touch events use /system/bin/input. adb can be enabled in default.prop and rsa-key can be placed /data/misc/adb


text:
Deny access to fastboot
I'm searching a way to deny access to fastboot mode... I don't care if it will be deleted, just want to deny access but still be able to use the device.
I rooted my phone but I didn't find any files that called fastboot or something like that. Where the files are hidden?
I have an idea to use this command :
fastboot flash bootloader.
And flash a img that will show only a black screen, or maybe flash the boot.img, I don't know... Will it help? Someone have a better idea? Is it totally impossible?
I heard about people who had bugs in there fastboot... That exactly what I want!
I don't have a sumsung device, I have a rooted oneplus 5t and I don't care to damage it completely while trying to learn new stuff!
Some one ask my question too:
https://forum.xda-developers.com/t/is-it-possible-to-relock-bootloader-while-using-custom-rom-and-recovery.4072955/

Comments are not for extended discussion; this conversation has been moved to chat.


text:
Start button broke, USB debugging NOT enabled, need to start phone!
Basically I have a Moto X4 without USB debugging enabled and the start button doesn't work.  I can boot up to AP Fastboot (the screen with the little droid in the background), but I don't have USB enabled, so when I connect the phone via USB cord to my laptop, ADB won't recognize it (so I can't reboot using ADB).
Is there anything I can do!?  I don't want to do anything "security sketchy" here: just start it up to get to the point where I can enter my password/use fingerprint ID.
Would an OTG adaptor work!?

How do you manage to make the device boot without a working power button?

I input the charging cord and simultaneously hit the volume button.  Both volume buttons work.

you don't need usb-debugging for fastboot commands. install bootloader interface drivers and fastboot reboot

Thanks.  I'm trying to follow https://www.droidwin.com/install-google-android-bootloader-interface-drivers/ to do that. But, I run into two problems

All I see in Device Manager is Motorola ADB Interface, and I get an error when I try to update using the Android USB Driver.

When I go to a command prompt in the Platform-Tools folder, I get "List of Devices Attached" and nothing is listed.  Also when I enter ADB reboot bootloader, I get "no devices/emulators found."

Nevermind it worked!

maybe interesting for you https://android.stackexchange.com/a/221384

Hi, looks like you've found the solution by yourself, which is great! Consider post it as a proper answer since self-answering is not only allowed, but even encouraged!. Thanks!

I basically did what Alecxs suggested, so I don't think I answered it myself.   It didn't seem to work prior though, as my phone wasn't being recognized by ADB.  I guess maybe it was the wrong cord?  I don't know. Because of this I was thinking I needed usb debugging to get my phone recognized

you are mixing up adb with fastboot. adb is a different mode with different drivers and different program/protocol language. fastboot does not require usb-debugging at all. furthermore you can't start device from adb because adb only works on already running android (with enabled authorized usb-debugging). so the trick to power up was simultaneously input cable + volume down button (fastboot mode)


text:
Is there a Boot ROM within other SoCs?
I was researching on methods to try and recover my data and I learned something interesting, a user 'kuruczgyurci' posted:

This does not exactly answer the original question, but since I managed to brick my bootloader in the meantime, this is what I ended up doing, and it might be useful for someone else in the future:
Allwinner SOCs have a built in Boot ROM, and it supports various modes, so these devices are virtually unbrickable. In particular, it supports a so called FEL mode (http://linux-sunxi.org/FEL) which can be used to boot the device over USB. I nice open-source tool has been written that can communicate with the device in this special mode (http://linux-sunxi.org/Sunxi-tools#sunxi-fel). Using this, you can boot your own bootloader. (And with that, you can boot your own kernel, etc.) The linux-sunxi.org website has very  detailed instructions regarding Allwinner SoC devices, so I recommend that you check out their other articles as well.

I found this quite interesting and so my noggin started to think: could this potentially apply to Snapdragon COCs? Could they potentially contain a built-in Boot ROM?
It would be logically possible considering that if perhaps someone completely ruined important partitions, to the point the boot-loader doesn't even load, and it's completely bricked, that Motorola can fix it.
I'm pretty sure I recall talking to a Moto Rep a long time ago and they said that it is possible to fix a phone that you messed up all the way up to the bootloader.
I would assume 'Yes' they do.
So, is it possible?

TL;DR that is called Qualcomm HS-USB QDLoader 9008 (EDL) emergency download mode

@alecxs Thank you for the answer, while this does answer the question, perhaps you have more info on the EDL Mode? I like to learn more about it :)

check links from this comments 1, 2

Does this answer your question? Cannot flash Qualcomm with Stock Image (Lenovo Tab M10 TB-X605L LTE, Android 8 Oreo)


text:
Why doesn't dictation work on GBoard in incognito mode?
My impression was that GBoard dictation works completely locally.
https://ai.googleblog.com/2019/03/an-all-neural-on-device-speech.html
If that's the case, how come it does not work when I go incognito on Chrome? It crosses out the microphone icon in the top right of the keyboard. Did they just forget to disable that feature after they made it work offline?

Since this is about the internal decision of GBoard, this is probably better to be asked on Google Support instead. One thing is that GBoard's incognito mode (which is automatically enabled when using Chrome's incognito mode) also prevents GBoard itself from remembering and learning any words you enter. Possibly it's a side effect of that.

I don't see how to ask questions on https://support.google.com/gboard


text:
How do I make Line Pay app functional on Blue Stacks
I assume I have to do some control mapping but I can't see what and how to do that. I used the custom controls to make game work but I don't see what is needed for this map. What custom controls are needed for Line Pay App?

Could you explain more about the problem with Line Pay? Cannot be installed? Crash? Warning/error message? I'm not sure about the control mapping, but payment apps usually disable themselves if run on emulators for security reasons (similar to rooting).

It doesn't give any messages. It was installed.


text:
Lost text recovery
I have 3 months of lost text messages from 2019 , they were not deleted by me , how can I recover them ? I have a new phone , but the new phone has text from 5-5-2019 to 5-10-2019 then 8-2-2019 to final text 1-10-2021

how did you transfer to new phone


text:
Is it expected to have your contacts flooded with emails when synced to google account?
I have only one google account which I use for email and syncing my phone contacts.
I do send a lot of mails.
I noticed that if I open my contacts every email address I've sent to appears as a contact on my phone. I feel flooded with contacts.
Is this expected? And how do I go about it?
I can unsync google but this will unsync gmail as well.

User this app and in edit contacts field filter to show contacts with email //Delete those contacts that are only email//AFAIK, they're isn't a way to prevent this from happening with Gmail unless don't sync (doesn't make sense because you need mails)

Thanks, I guess I just have to live with it. It's not like my Contacts is a holy book or something :)


text:
How to prevent an app from sharing its data with Google?
The changelog of a popular SMS/MMS app, Textra, states:

Textra is now backed up automatically [emphasis added] using the built-in Google Backup service. Makes it so easy to swap devices or uninstall / reinstall without losing your settings and any customization! Supported from Android 6.

Source: https://web.archive.org/web/20210519012025/https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.textra
What does this really mean?  In Android 7.0 is there a way to disable a single app from sharing private/personal data with Google?  If not, how about all apps?
The app itself does not appear to have any options regarding this unwanted functionality.

You can completely disable GDrive Backup in Android settings then it doesn't matter if the apps allow cloud backup.

That's what I'd recommend as well: disable it (you have close to no control about it anyway and never know what's backed up and will restore and what not), and take care for backups yourself. Note that LineageOS started adopting Seedvault as replacement for that G-Backup; with Seedvault you not only can define where your backups end up (local SD card, Nextcloud etc) but also see what is backed up, what not, and control it. So if such a custom ROM is an option… ;)

look into TrackerControl - you can get it from F-Droid

See Data backup overview. Since changelog is talking of Android 6 compatibility, it is referring to Android auto backup (see table).

Enabled by default. Apps can opt out by disabling backups.

Contextually, it implies Textra had opted out of back up earlier and now has it enabled.
There is no option for the user to choose which apps can be backed up or not. Either they backup or not (search settings for backup to see the toggle switch). If backup is enabled, apps that are enabled for backup are backed up.
Developers can choose to exclude some parts of app data even if backup is enabled. Backup data size is limited to 25 MB and doesn't count for your drive storage usage. Users have no control on what is backed up, so if you don't trust Google (good idea) look for custom ROM options as suggested by Izzy in comments or turn  off backup in settings.

Thanks.  I do my best to send as little as possible to Google.  I regularly go through Google's settings, and turn everything off.  Then a month later, I'll go through the settings again, only to see they created a new setting with a default of "on". I want to ensure I have this particular setting off.  Exactly where is this setting? [comment moderated by a mod]

I don't have a device running Android 7 to tell you the location. Sorry, but you can search in Google accounts maybe or ask another question with this linked as background


text:
What is the 'Relationship' field for in Android Contacts?
In Android Contacts, you can add a field called relationships.
What is it used for and does anyone even bother putting it in?

It is meant for your relationship with contact

After a relationship is added, you can call, text, or email the person using their nickname.... After the nickname is added, you can contact them by saying things like "Text my sister" or "Email my mom."

Some typical fields from Google contacts app in screenshot (you can define a custom field too)

In example below, I have added child with nickname of XYZ. If I use Google assistant I would say call XYZ

I saw this but it didn't work for me. Can you give example what do I actually put under nickname and under relationship?

Probably your contacts app doesn't support it. I use Google contacts and you can see in edited answer typical fields

I've done this but when I say 'Call Wife', it looks for all contacts which has the word wife in it. I have unfortunately labelled some of my contact as 'Wife John-Sarah', 'Wife Peter-Kate'. Anyway really appreciate the pictures you've put in.

the label field can be custom. it is (would be) enough for relation to oneself, i mean, to the phone owner. so, why is the relationship field? as i see, there are also other label fields of other fields, like additional explanation. so, seems, the relationship field can be filled with name, or full name, of another person, who is better known for the phone owner, and the corresponding "label" "subfield" should explain who is the better known person for the contact being edited.

in my currently used version of the contacts the "relationship" field from the screenshot above, with three dots icon, is named "related person".


text:
Ringtone volume keeps turning off
Using Samsung Galaxy A41 on Android 10, my ringtone volume is automatically resetting to 0 all the time - which means that I'm missing phone calls. I don't have any apps installed that should be doing this automatically.
What could be the cause and how can I debug this?

Have you checked whether "Do Not Disturb" is on or has its schedule too broad?

I do use "do not disturb" permanently because the notification noises from trivial things are annoying...