text:
Reboot USB Port Without Device Reboot
My phone has been slowly going insane over the time I've been using it. This time around, the USB port is throwing tantrums. It won't let the phone connect to a PC. I've tried different USB ports on the PC (KDE Neon 5.17 User Edition), changing wires, and trying a different PC (Windows 10 Pro). All of them didn't help. Rebooting the phone helps, restoring normal access, but after unplugging the phone from the PC, it won't connect again unless I reboot the phone. Regardless of access, the phone does get charged if connected to the PC.
1) Any idea what is going on with my phone? No recent software installs or any weird things. Phone isn't that old (Lenovo P2a42, rooted with Magisk 20.2 and running AEX 6.7).
2) Is there any way to "reset" the USB port without rebooting the entire phone (similar to how it would be on a PC)? Everything on the internet only shows either changing the default USB configuration to MTP instead of the default "charge only" or resetting the USB port on Windows.
Thank you for your time.

@beeshyams the PC doesn't even see the device I assume (i.e. not in adb devices and maybe not even in lsusb – not 100% sure about the latter, might show up there as toaster or whatever). One of my devices does this from time to time – and as the OP describes, only a reboot seems to help. As it works fine after that (for me, not for the OP obviously) and only happes 3..4 times a year, I didn't dig deeper yet. But it got nothing to do with "authorization" (OP didn't even mention ADB – or did you mean something I'm not aware of?)

@Izzy Yeah, I was talking of adb and rightly pointed out by you that he isn't reached that state yet

@beeshyams How would I do that?

@Izzy Yes, it doesn't even show up in lsusb. All the solutions I see online assume it's just an MTP problem, at best they reboot the USB port on the PC.

Sorry, please ignore. As pointed out by Izzy I misread your situation

Does this happen with different PCs (especially PCs that don't run Linux)? may be Linux does something that confuses the phone and forces the USB chip into an invalid state. Usually on Android side I would expect a kernel driver to initialize the USB chip and re-initializing could be done by unloading and reloading the driver module. Unfortunately on Android typically there are no kernel modules one could (un)load.

@Robert I didn't try rebooting the phone and connecting to a Windows PC, but yes, the phone isn't recognized by Windows or Linux after disconnecting from a Linux PC. I do have root access on the phone though, is there anything I can do with it?

@404 I was talking about connecting the phone to Windows when it is fully working to see if Windows also manages to "destroy" the USB communication.

@Robert Ah ok. I'll see if it does when I get the chance to do so.

@404NameNotFound as for details on ADB, please see our adb tag wiki. But if not even lsusb sees your device, ADB won't either. So first things first ;) Follow Robert's hint to see if the cause lies on your Android device or the PC. Depending on which it is, approaches for solutions might differ.

@Robert Alright I've rebooted my phone and connected to Windows. All is well, connecting and disconnecting as expected. What's surprising is now connecting and disconnecting from Linux is also fine, performing as expected. My phone is slowly going insane, but the question still stands: should the issue return, is there a way I can reboot just the USB port on my phone instead of the entire phone?


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Why do restricted apps still use data?
I am on Android 10 and just ditched netguard firewall to rely on the systems build in restriction options.
But despite my below setting e.g. the Amazon app is still obviously online.

screenshot of the app's data usage and settings (click to enlarge)

Amazon is using data in two cases:

Foreground
: App is active (foremost on screen), screen is on and user interacting with it. You would have probably done that in response to a notification or ad or launched the app. Even if you didn't interact with app but it is foremost on screen, it consumes data. If the app was updated by Play Store, it accounts data usage to the app (UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS permission)
Background:

Amazon uses Google Cloud Messaging (GCM) (com.amazon.mshop.pushnotification. gcm. MshopGCMbroadcast receiver)
to display push notifications which you see (ads/offers /delivery tracking etc) and this uses data. GCM (or FCM (Firebase Cloud messaging) is a part of Google Play Services and can't be restricted by disabling background data. If you want to stop background data completely, your device needs to be rooted (I use servicely which can also do this and I got the receiver information using this app)
In addition apps use analytics (Fabric/Crashlytics, Facebook app events, Firebase Analytics, Google Analytic, Mixpanel, Segment) which are not always bound by background data restriction.

Bottom line Depending on how badly you want to restrict app usage data your arsenal would  need a rooted device, Firewall, means to disable services /receivers, hibernation tools, doze optimization methods etc, in addition to restricting background data.

I feel the real bottom line is: Those switches have no reliable effect and only give a false sense of control. I also feel that there is a lack of documentation...

@IrfanLatif and beeshyams: Thank you for your answers. I will switch back to use NetGuard for my unrooted phone to restrict internet access, because the build-in restrictions do not keep what they promise.

@Lester but do consider that with a VPN based firewall you may still get false positives: Why network activity is detected from apps after VPN firewall blocks them?

App Manager (F-Droid) can also disable services.  Works great to neuter Duo's .push.DuoFcmListenerService!

source: Stack Exchange

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

sort: votes


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OpenVPN is asking for client certificate where it shouldn't
I have imported the client config file to official OpenVPN client for Android.
The config file contains CA cert but no client cert or key. That's fine because i have auth-user-pass directive in it.
But when I try to connect, a window pops up saying:

Select Certificate
This profile doesn't include a client certificate. Continue connecting
  without a certificate or select one from the Android keychain?

If I choose to continue, it connects but this window appears every time I want to connect.
The same profile works fine on Windows (official OpenVPN GUI) and VPN Client Pro (unofficial client from Play Store).
Why it is looking for client certificate when the authentication method is user+pass?
Thanks.
EDIT for JW0914:
Since you are providing wrong information I did a little bit of search and found the answer:
As it is described here the key is to add "--verify-client-cert none" to the server config file.

Ditch that generic OpenVPN app for OpenVPN for Android, which actually allows full functionality as a client.  As to your question, the certificate must be imported to the Android KeyChain in [Android] Settings (this is a security feature for Android - all certs must be imported into the KeyChain - DO NOT store unencrypted certificate keys on internal/external Android storage).  If you install the OpenVPN for Android app, it'll be more clear, as it allows you to do so from within the app.

I am happy with VPN Client Pro but my question remains that why I should import the certificate into Android keychain when the authentication method does not need it?

Your question states your using OpenVPN Connect, not VPN Client Pro.  Please update question with the correct app being used.  As to certificates, all OpenVPN connections require certificates as an authentication method (you can add other authentication methods on top of certificates, but certificates are always required).

I have switched to VPN Client Pro because OpenVPN Connect is not working. The question is about OpenVPN Connect.
As for the certificate, the OpenVPN default config says:
###############################################################################
Client certificate and key.

A pair of client certificate and private key is required in case you want to
use the certificate authentication.
I don't want to use certificate authentication.

I've addressed what the issue is in my prior two comments - you must import the certificate and key into the Android keychain.  If you do not have a client cert and key, and this is your personal OpenVPN server, you must generate a client cert and key either via EasyRSA or openssl and have it signed via the VPN's CA/ICA..  OpenVPN is an SSL VPN and certificates are required, they are not optional, as using an OpenVPN server without certificates compromises the security of the VPN tunnel.  If this is a 3rd party VPN, they've provided you with the cert and key signed by the VPN's CA/ICA

I updated my original post.

You're fundamentally misunderstanding what you're trying to accomplish. You're configuring a VPN to protect the information flowing through its tunnel, but w/o PKI client & server certificates there is no way to encrypt that data... i.e. the VPN is useless. How exactly do you believe OpenVPN encrypts the data in the tunnel if certificates & keys aren't utilized? (See lines 877 - 923 in this openssl.cnf to see how RSA & ECDSA encryption occurs, as well as KUs/EKUs.)

@jw0914 you don't need client certs for encryption. See also every https enabled website

@robertmain A client cert encrypts information between the client & server, as well as decrypts information between the server & client. KUs of the client & server cert control types of encryption used, with EKUs clientAuth [client] & serverAuth [server] required to prevent MITM attacks. Please refer to OpenVPN's wikis for additional info, as you have a fundamental misunderstanding of encryption within an SSL VPN (while only a PSK can be used, it isn't secure, thereby defeating the purpose of a VPN).

@JW0914 that's actually still not correct - but I've decided I don't care anymore.

@robertmain Everything in my comment comes from OpenVPN's and OpenSSL's man pages (portions of the KU link also came from the RFC), something that would be known had the man page links provided been referenced.

Hi, looks like you've found the solution by yourself, which is great! Consider posting it as a proper answer since self-answering is not only allowed but even encouraged. Thanks!

all_licenses: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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How can I view timestamps in my Chrome browser history (on Android)?
For security reasons, I need to check exactly when I accessed some websites on my phone a few days ago. The activity is stored in my mobile Chrome's browser history, but apparently the timestamps cannot be viewed - just the dates.
I know the timestamp information is stored because when I sync with my desktop Chrome, the timestamps appear there. However, for everything but the current day, it only seems to sync explicitly typed addresses and not Google searches (unlike the mobile Chrome app's history which has both, but no timestamps). This is frustrating to no end.
I was hoping to be able to do this without rooting my phone, though installing third-party apps would be fine.

Perhaps, if you go to Google My Activity, you will be able to see this information. You can use the filter and choose "Chrome" so that only your browser history is visible for convenience.

This works like a charm. Thanks! Should be the accepted answer.

This functionality is built-into Chrome. Just hover your mouse over a date, and the time stamp appears.

How do you hover with a mouse on a phone?  Neither a short nor a long press gives this information!!


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How can one get the clipboard menu item in the contextual menu in Gmail's compose email field?
How can one get the clipboard menu item in the contextual menu in Gmail's compose email field?
It's not present on my phone (Samsung Galaxy S9, Android 9):

Content of the ... menu:

The clipboard is a feature of the keyboard i.e. the Input Method in android terminology.

Assuming you are using gboard which is google's keyboard; you should see the clipboard button towards the top right of the keyboard. Depending on your device, it might also be inside the 3-dot menu item that can be clicked on to expand the rest of the list.
Clicking on this reveals more buttons. One of which is the clipboard. You could use copied items for one hour from this clipboard. In order to save items permanently, you can pin them.

Thanks, as shown in the screenshot in the question, the contextual menu that I have doesn't include "clipboard" in the options

Oh, my bad. I understand your question better now. Which keyboard application are you using?

Google's ~~~~~~~~~~~

Please see my updated answer.

thanks I've added content of the ... menu in the question as a screenshot, I don't see the clipboard in it :/

In your version of the keyboard, the clipboard button itself is to the left of the 3 dot button. It seems like this is a horizontal list capable of showing 4 buttons and combines the remaining into a list that expends on pressing the 3 dots. It is possible to cycle these items around.

thanks, do you know  how to sync the Google keyboard's clipboard with Android's clipboard?


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Is there a way to get Helium to work on a Moto G7?
I am trying to restore a single game data file to a new Moto G7 via Helium. I've enabled USB debugging, but when I start the desktop app, they don't connect to each other. The desktop app connects just fine to the old phone I'm trying to pull the data off of.

Based on your description (which is not very extensive) there seem to be a problem with the connection between your new phone and your PC (Windows, Linux, ...?). Have you checked if adb shell or if adb backup works on command-line from the desktop PC?

Yes they did work. Eventually the helium chrome version worked.

I'd flag for closure as 'ephemeral' but that reason is gone.


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TWRP: No OS flashed after flashing LOS 16.0 on Samsung S5
I want to install LOS 16.0 on my Samsung S5 SM-G901F. According to the LOS installation wiki, I did from an ArchLinux OS:

installation of TWRP 3.2.3-0 with heimdall
wipe -> format data
wipe -> advanced wipe (all partitions were wiped)
advanced ADB sideload: adb sideload lineage-16.0-20200106-nightly-kccat6-signed.zip (I tried the 3 last build)

I checked all the hashes and they are Ok.
I observed a progress-bar difference between the TWRP and the terminal: the TWRP announced a 100% progress, while the adb command stopped at 47%. However, after debugging it, I realized the installation script runs entirely.
Finally, when I wish to reboot on the system partition, I get the error message "No OS flashed are you sure you wish to reboot?".
Have you any idea to truly flash LOS?
Thank you!

wiping ALL partitions is a very bad idea, especially for unofficial TWRP builds where critical partitions like nvdata, nvram, aboot, ... left in fstab. for LineageOS wipe System only

if you wiped all partitions under TWRP advanced wipe. You need to flash Samsung factory firmware because you wiped the framework that the ROM is built over.

Thank you for your tips, I was able to install LOS


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Unknown download on my android phone
8891h_01_enUs_GridClear.webp
Does anyone know what this is? There were three more like it, 4117h and 130h_01_enCA

Webp is a file format for images. See wiki.
Telegram uses these for stickers. It probably was downloaded from Telegram or some other app that uses this image format files.


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How can I sync the Google keyboard's clipboard with Android's clipboard?
How can I sync the Google keyboard's clipboard with Android's clipboard?
Google keyboard's clipboard:

Android's clipboard:

I use Samsung Galaxy S9 with Android S9.

The actions in these answer are from a Galaxy Note 8 which is nearly identical to your device. Unfortunately I do not know any way to sync them and as far as I know, it is not possible. However, I can explain this behavior.
The clipboard is a feature of the keyboard which is nothing but an application that registers itself as an Input Method with the android operating system.
What you are referring to as the android clipboard is actually the clipboard from the Samsung keyboard. This keyboard is better integrated with the Samsung environment. Here's how you can switch to the clipboard from the Samsung keyboard:

Long Press on the globe like button:

Click on the Samsung keyboard in the list that opens:

Find the clipboard icon from the options on the keyboard, possibly in the extended list that is visible upon clicking on the 3 dots:

Particularly in certain text boxes like the email compose section, this clipboard is disabled for some reason:

Which is why you cannot use this clipboard everywhere even when you longpress in the area to bring up the clipboard shortcut.
To switch back to Google's keyboard, you can bring down the notification area and click on the change keyboard button:

However; since these are 2 different applications; there seems to be no way to synchronize them since the clipboard feature is probably not universally standardized.


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Is it possible to extract App Reviews from the google play store by countries?
Is it possible to extract app reviews from the google play store by countries? I know that this is possible for the apple app store but haven't seen any possibility for the google play store yet. Maybe someone knows how to find a way to see the country of origin for specific reviews and not only the language.
Thank you!


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Annoying "No data service" alert

I'm receiving this stupid message every 5 minutes.
How to disable it without disabling other important messages of similar category ?

See if my answer works for you. https://android.stackexchange.com/a/163569/96277

Read these posts: https://forums.oneplus.com/threads/how-do-i-turn-off-the-no-service-notification.79007/#post-7386695 || https://forums.att.com/conversations/android/turn-off-no-data-service-notifications/5df00728bad5f2f6069ded57

I used NotifyClean before on android 6, but it doesn't seem to be working on Oreo. Says "mudule not active or didn't reboot". Needless to say, both are false.

Read the posts. Their problems are quite similar, but their solution is like exploding a kitchen to kill a single cockroach. They disable phone notifications altogether, including the important ones.

Thinking back at the NotifyClean solution, it's still not the ideal, since, unless I'm wrong, the visual message will be suppressed, but the audio notification will still be there to piss me

I've also had the problem of a notification alert every 5 seconds. I think I solved the problem by doing the following.

Make a recording in a quiet place and make sure there is no sound recorded. (only 1 sec needed.
Save the recording as "No Sound" or what you want.
Locate the recording in "File", "Audio"
On the 3 dots select to set it as "Notification"
On the main menu settings select this as your "Notification sound"
Go to your other application ("What's app", "SMS", "eMail", etc.) and change the notification sound from "Default sound" to your required tune.

You will still receive the message but it won't make a sound.
Hope this makes sense and will help solve the annoying notification.


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Why FM radio app is limited to FM 108
I just discovered I can listen to FM radio with my phone and a jack cable but I was wondering why is it limited to FM108? I tried another app and it still limited to FM108. The reason I'm asking this is that I would like to receive the international space station SSTV signal but the frequency is FM 145.8 or something like that. My device is an LG G6.

The radio is supposed to use the headphones as an antenna. Have you tried with any other headphones? It is possible the ones you have are giving a signal that is only picking up the strongest station.

The FM frequencies go from 88 to 108 MHz that's why your apps are limited to 108 MHz.

Is there any app that allows using higher frequency or its just the FM chip on the phone?

I think this is more a legal limitation. AFAIK the frequencies beyond the standard FM range are/were used in some countries by Police and other security relevant public services. Therefore access to those frequencies is disabled by default.

To confirm Reddy's comment, standard FM radio broadcasting is between 87.5-108 MHz. It's also kind of similar for "why don't radio tuner on cars also cover that range". Perhaps there are apps that allow arbitrary frequency, but I don't have any clue. You might be interested in our sister site, Software Recommendations for specialized SE on this specific purpose.


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Can "Magisk" hide bootloader status?
I am planning to flash Lineage OS 14.1 on my Lenovo p1ma40 to give it a new life.
But I often have to do various payment and transactions using banking apps. As you might know , these apps check for safetynet status. But if I unlock bootloader to flash custom ROM, then the safety net status will be definitely tripped.
My question is:
I learnt that Magisk can hide root status.But if I unlock bootloader then will it be able to hide bootloader status and ensure that safety net doesn't gets tripped?

Edit NO
It cannot hide. Developer of Magisk says in his tweet, after the latest Google update

Q6: Is MagiskHide meaningless now?
A6: It depends on your expectation. MagiskHide is still effective to hide anything in userspace, but is no longer capable of spoofing bootloader/verified boot status.

To put it simply, we can still hide "root", but not the bootloader status.
(Emphasis added)
For more details see this XDA blog shared by Robert (thanks)
Also see Magisk will fail Safety-Net hereafter. Why?
Answer below is not pertinent, but retained for context

Safety-Net Vs Magisk is a typical cat and mouse game. But thankfully, most of the time Magisk is one step ahead. So, to answer your title yes, most of the time but not always
Safety Net being tripped is not just because of boot loader being unlocked. There is more to it. From Magisk and MagiskHide Installation and Troubleshooting guide by XDA developer didgeridoohan's excellent guide

What triggers SafetyNet?
There are two parts to the SafetyNet check, CTS Profile and Basic Integrity.
Examples of when ctsProfileMatch will report as false (failed):

Uncertified device (the manufacturer haven't applied for Google certification)

Unlocked bootloader

Custom ROM

Signs of system integrity compromise (rooting, etc)

Signs of other attacks (Xposed, EdXposed, etc)

Examples of when basicIntegrity will report as false (failed):

Signs of system integrity compromise (rooting, etc)

Signs of other attacks (Xposed, EdXposed, etc)@

@ EdXposed does not trip safety net. Guide has not been updated
This is where Magisk comes to rescue

Magisk can hide

Magisk and most modules (it depends on what the module does).

*MagiskSU

Unlocked bootloader.

Permissive SELinux (most of the time. There have been reports that a permissive SELinux triggers SafetyNet even with MagiskHide enabled).

Some prop values (see "Sensitive props").

The Magisk Manager (separate option in the Manager settings).

Magisk has an option of Magisk Hide. You need to select your banking and any other apps to prevent them from seeing root. Also from Magisk Manager, hide the manager to prevent apps detecting root.
Note: Some banking apps may detect root despite passing safety net. Refer to the guide for help to fix such situations. Ver 20.1 of Magisk has sophisticated techniques to prevent this, so such incidents should be rare
Magisk itself allows you to verify your safety net status as shown

(Click to enlarge)
Also see What Magisk can't hide for more information
Caution : It's best to keep  Magisk and yourself updated with Magisk Github developments so that you minimize the risk
(and your device threads on XDA) . I have been using Magisk and EdXposed on Android 9 and 10 but never faced the issue of safteynet being tripped YMMV
Another useful resource is Magisk Documentation by topjohnwu, developer of Magisk

XDA has a very nice blog entry on this topic: https://www.xda-developers.com/magisk-no-longer-hide-bootloader-unlock-status/

@Robert Thanks for inputs. That clears up some things for sure! Will add in answer with credits


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Restricting access to a single app and preventing access to wifi settings
I'm looking to configure some Android tablets for shared use in a work environment so they can be used as mobile terminals for an ERP system. In case it matters the test device right now is the Samsung Galaxy Tab A 2019 running Android 9 but I'm open to deploying other devices if there's options that work on other models.
The tablets will need to connect to our restricted wifi network which is authenticated individually normally (we don't have shared devices currently) so I was thinking of connecting to the network with a shared/generic user on the admin account and then trying to restrict access to the wifi settings so that shared users of the device can't access the password.
Unfortunately after creating a restricted user I couldn't see a way to restrict access to the wifi settings which has an option to present a QR code for others to be able to access the same wifi network with those same credentials and configuration.
If I use the guest user they don't seem to have any way to open the application that we need and also once they log out all their session data is thrown away which would require a painful setup process on the business application we need to use each time and require a privileged user to intervene.
I also explored pinning the application which does prevent users from directly accessing the wifi settings (and is probably what we'd want anyway as these would only be used for this application) but anyone with knowledge of the unlock credentials (eg swipe pattern/pin/password) for the user would still be able to unpin and access the wifi settings. Because these devices are being deployed across multiple sites this would cause issues as we'd need to expand the group of trusted people with knowledge of these credentials and thus access to the wifi password that would need rotating when any of those people left.
Ideally, I'd like a way to be able to just use restricted profiles without access to the wifi settings/being able to read the wifi password because then we can leave that restricted profile as just swipe to unlock and there's nothing else sensitive on the device. Is there a way to do this? Am I missing a better option for shared Android devices?

Applying restrictions on corporate Android devices is usually done using an MDM system. There are dozens of MDM systems available - you can check what restrictions those MDM systems support.

I'm equally open to suggestions around applying MDM systems if the answer can show a minimally useful how to get started with them or point to other useful resources that will achieve the same goals.

Try some of the kiosk applications from Play Store. Some of them  not only has the feature of limiting the apps a user can access (see actually) but also limit access to Settings including quick settings, status bar and notification bar. Try them!

@Firelord thanks. That sounds like it could be fleshed out into a proper answer if you have time to do that? Particularly if you can recommend a specific one and show how to configure it etc.

@ydaetskcoR sorry, if I could find time I would have recommended one for sure.


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Facebook Messenger Chat always shows one chat unread
The Facebook Messenger app always shows a '1' next to the speech bubble indicating that there is a 'Chat' I haven't read. How can I clear this, or alternatively, find and read this supposedly unread chat?

Inspired by SocMedSean's page of fixes:

Open Facebook in your desktop web browser (not on mobile)
Click on the Messenger (speech bubble) icon
Click on 'Settings' (the cog)
Click on 'Unread Chats' - this will likely reveal some very old chats that you have never marked as 'read'
Click on each old chat to mark them as 'read'
Check back in Messenger to see if there are still unread messages showing


text:
How to disable the OTG (USB) on Android 9?
I want to disable the OTG (USB) on Android 9. I coud control it on Android 6 by disabling a permission on the file android.hardware.usb.host.xml located in /system/etc/permission but it is not working anymore on Android 9.
Any idea?

Duplicate of: How to disable USB OTG on Android 8.1?

Follow the steps below:

Open the Android settings, touch the menu button and select Settings or Android     Settings from the menu that appears.
Then on the Settings screen, you will show many different settings broken down under different categories. Scroll down the list of all the settings and touch Storage when you find it.
In the Storage settings, you will find the option to Unmount USB storage near the bottom of the screen – then select this option to start the unmounting of OTG (USB) storage devices connected to your phone via OTG or USB cable.
You will be shown a confirmation screen -  if you really want to unmount the USB storage. Touch OK to continue and unmount the OTG storage.
After the OTG storage has been successfully unmounted in Android, you can remove the OTG cable from your Android device without worrying about any data loss.

Question is about disabling, not temporarily turning off.


text:
Firefox on an Android tablet
I have just bought an Android 7 TABLET for convenient browsing and reading research (3-4 hours to kill once a week and more, free WiFi available) and for stand-alone navigation (GPS capable).
No SIM slot, no Google account. Tablet has WiFi, USB-2 OTG, micro-SD slot and I've got a spare U1 32Gb card.
I want to install Firefox so I can quickly synchronise bookmarks with my laptop (Linux Mint 18.3LTS).
Can this be done via a conventional download to either tablet or laptop (whichever is simplest)?

If the table has Google Play, you can download the Firefox app from the Play store.

On Mozilla's official wiki page for the Android platform they have a direct link to download the apk that you can install to your device manually without access to the Play Store through a Google account.


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Use phone's built-in Visual Voicemail on T-Mobile USA?
Is there any way to get Visual Voicemail working using the Phone (dialer) app on T-Mobile in the USA?
I have two open-market phones - one a factory unlocked handset from China (Unihertz Titan) running Android 9, the other a formerly-locked (to Telstra, if that matters) Galaxy S10+ running Android 10 - and neither can access visual voicemail through their in-box Phone apps. I've never had this problem before, with older Androids (back around the Android 4 days) or with the Windows phones I used until EoL (everything from WP7.x through W10M, VVM worked out of the box perfectly).
T-Mobile has a VVM app on the Play store, but even aside from the inconvenience of needing a separate app for what all my previous phones had integrated, it is... bad. It's rated 2.5 stars, and it earns it (not all voicemails showing up, generally clunky and unreliable).
I've been on the phone with T-Mobile, Samsung, and even Telstra; none could help. On the Titan, the VVM screen always says "Visual voicemail is not activated yet, please try again later". On the S10+, the VVM toglle is just outright missing from the built-in phone app.
I haven't rooted either phone, and they're both running stock ROMs. I have ADB installed, if that's needed.

Sorry, I don't have experience with T-Mobile nor VVM, but looks like there are many who have the same problem with T-Mobile's VVM

Thanks @AndrewT. I'd seen some discussion of the problem but it was older than that thread. Unfortunately I've already tried the things it mentioned (installing and uninstalling the TMo VVM app, calling the operator and manufacturer) but like others mentioned it didn't help me. :-(  Very frustrating, coming from a tiny market share and long-deprecated OS where this feature worked perfectly to the most common mobile OS on the planet and a flagship device, and finding it doesn't.


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What is signified by the yellow triangle with a black exclamation mark on Samsung devices
My friend has a Samsung Galaxy S9.
Every now and then it refuses to charge because of moisture being detected in the port.
However, upon completely discharging, once, it showed a ⚠ mark when the charger was inserted. Eventually the device started charging normally.
What does this symbol mean?

The symbol is a general warning symbol.  Since the context is charging, it means that

It is slow charging. In which case it will tell you how long it will take to charge.  This can be fixed by finding the right combination of charger and cable.
There is a problem with charging.  This could mean connector fault or battery fault.  If the battery is removable (not applicable to S9) then remove and re-insert the battery.

Basically that symbol means that the charger that is inserted into the phone is slow charging it. To fix this problem, change chargers.


text:
How to check that my Phone supports MicroSd Card SDXC UHS1 Bus Speed U30 card or not?
My device manufacturer technical specifications say that Expandable storage supported is of 128GB FAT32 hope its slots must be supporting SDXC form factor not SDHC form factor and UHS1 U3 BUS SPEED
I want to purchase a card of 64GB or 128GB for my device and want to pre-confirm before purchasing
I have readed  answer to the question  microsd Speed necessary that UHS  class U3 is not supported in all type of phones
and link of    Wikipedia: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SD_card#BUS
also say that

"Older host devices generally do not support newer card formats, and even when they might support the bus interface used by the card.."

and link of   Wikipedia: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SD_card#Bus
also say that

"Use of UHS requires that the host device command the card to drop from 3.3-volt to 1.8-volt operation and select the 4-bit transfer mode."

This all confused me  so I want to confirm with online and other site whether integrated sdcard reader / host controllers specification  but  nothing could be founded for android and specially for my device
I want to know will the Micro SD-Card slot/host controller  will able to detect SDXC UHS1 Bus speed class U3 cards or not and if detected can it perform on good speed or not?

SDXC UHS cards are always backward compatible, see Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SD_card#Compatibility_2 And also the UHS 1/2/3 description. There you can see for example that UHS2 card just have additional contacts that are ignored in older readers.

Similar situation: https://android.stackexchange.com/q/217557/218526

@Robert readed the wikipedia link `Older host devices generally do not support newer card formats, and even when they might support the bus interface used by the card..:'  thats why i m confused as i have android lolipop 5.1.1 and the device manufacturer say it supports 128GB fat32 cards ....i want to know that is the slot of my phone old host SDHC  or a UHS slot.... will it UHS1 be detected .. if yes then will it work in bus speed   UHS1 (109 Mbps bus speed) and U30 (30MBPs speed)...can it be seen on slot or any tool app command  to check the bus speed  supported.... uhs2 have more pins

@IrfanLatif Similar situation: android.stackexchange.com/q/217557/218526 – asked about the  capcity and  my  question is regarding bus speed UHS1 u3

`Older host devices generally do not support newer card formats, and even when they might support the bus interface used by the card..:' That statement is about SDHC/SDXC cards, not UHS. If your manual mentions 128 GB cards then it is has to have an SDXC reader.

@Androidquery the common point is: vendors don't reveal in detail the exact capabilities of host controllers they use in their devices. And the common conclusion is: no one is able to answer your question for sure unless they have tested the same SD card with the same device. // It's not always necessary to get a word to word answer, situations can be perceived from similar situations. You'll find scores of similar questions without any conclusion on web and this community as well.

Duplicate of: Support for Ultra High Speed MicroSD cards

@Robert thank kindly post copy your comment to answer so I can vote or accept it

@IrfanLatif buddy thanks y u always mark my question duplicate it's good I read other links and I get some more knowledge... But the link u send asked for Motorola which supports  32gb SHDC card and my device supports 128 GB must be SDXC  card just want to confirm will it work in bus speed of uhs1 and u3 30mbps.. so it's different scenario

If your phone specification state that it can support sd card >32gb (recent phones have support like 128gb, 512gb, 1tb or 2tb), then it supports SDXC.
Otherwise if it only supports 32gb and below, it only supports SDHC since there are no SDHC cards that has greater than 32gb of storage.
Regardless of the UHS-1 class, your phone can still detect micro SD cards that is SDXC compatible since it only specifies the card speed, not the compatibility. At the moment, no phone supports UHS-2 cards (not to be confused with UHS-1 class 2 or U2) but you can still use it since it is backwards compatible - though, you will not gain the optimal speed of that card.
Hope this helps!


text:
"Device is reachable" SMS without SIM
I'm using a Huawei Honor P9 Lite with a German carrier and SIM card. My carrier offers the option to send SMS to me, whenever I miss a call. The other way round, whenever someone does not reach me (due to missing network connection or powered down phone), they get an SMS as soon as I come back online, telling them that my device is now reachable again.
Now, something very strange happened.
My touchscreen recently broke (I think, due to temperature stress on a very cold day) and I had to send my phone to repair. Before doing that, I removed my SIM card, SD card, backed-up my phone and made a factory reset.
Today, I was contacted by a friend, who tried to reach me during that time by calling me. A day later, he got a message, that I was reachable again. My question now is, how that is even possible with a factory resetted phone without a SIM card? I cannot rule out that the phone has been switched on by the repair contractors, but I wonder how this service actually works without a SIM card and without my number being physically tied to the phone?

Guessing - you activated call barring and your carrier was authorized. In the process your carrier linked the request with IMEI number and not SIM. You can check with your carrier

@beeshyams that's a good one, I will check.

@beeshyams So I just called my carrier and they insisted, that my number is not connected to my IMEI in any way. I will double check the issue once I have my phone back with another mobile phone.

Another possibility is that your friend himself got a delayed message - delayed because of poor coverage or something

I can rule that out, because he called me yesterday - 3 days AFTER I took out my SIM card.

Probably a fault with your carrier's backend which sent a text in error. What you are saying is not possible since SIM is the only thing that tells the phone as to which carrier to connect to and the customer identification. No SIM should mean there was no connection to your number.

@singhnsk I 100% agree and this is why I asked the question. My next try (as soon as I got my phone back) is (without the SIM in) calling it from another device and then switching it on to see if I can reproduce. If yes, I might need to call ghostbusters ;)

don't trust carrier 1st-level-support. they are not qualified to know technical information (and they are most likely not employee at that company at all)


text:
ADB using USB-C to USB 2.0 cable
Can I use ADB (USB Debugging) with cable that has USB-C connector on phone side and USB 2.0 Type A plug on the computer side? It should be able to transfer data.

There is nu such thing like a "USB 2.0 connector" - I assume you are talking about an USB Type A plug: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB#/media/File:Usb_head_Cable.jpg

@Robert Yes. I've thought it is called Type A.

Correct type A, that was a typo on my side.

The cable you describe is a standard USB converter cable (USB-A to C).
A lot of manufacturer ship such a cable together with a new phone.
You can use it to establish a USB 2.0 (and may be 3.0 if the device supports this) connection between your computer and your phone.
Like any USB cable it is agnostic to the data it transmits, therefore ADB and MTP (file access) will work as expected as long as the used computer is correctly configured.

I am going to accept when I try it. Wait 1–2 days, please.


text:
How can I undo an edit in Gmail's compose field?
How can I undo an edit in Gmail's compose field?
For example, I write a draft email, select the entire text and remove it, how can I undo my remove action to get the text back?

@JinaneK was on the correct path suggesting to used Ctrl+Z. You will need to install a keyboard that has Ctrl key such as Hacker's Keyboard if your keyboard app does not have it.
After you delete a text, open Hacker's Keyboard (if it was not already opened), press Ctrl (you will see an indication on the key that it is activated, on my phone, the indication was a blue line), then press on Z. You can even use it to redo by using Ctrl+Y
Disclaimer: I am just a user of the app.

Usually, if the session is not closed just an undo or ctrl+z can do it.

Thanks, how do you do Ctrl+z or undo on Android?

@FranckDernoncourt Hacker's keyboard app can help you with that.


text:
Is there a way to trick my android phone and change the SSID name that it's currently connected to?
My android phone is connected to a device broadcasting the SSID: 12345A
Is there a way to trick my phone into thinking the currently connected SSID is 12345B?
I'm trying to connect to a stupid chinese device which has a slightly different SSID than its app expects.
Thanks in advance

you have to change it in settings at device A

Why don't you define a new network, by going to settings then wifi & Add network then define the other SSID.


text:
Forgot samsung tablet password
So on my samsung tab, it is turned on and i forgot the password, I cant reset it with find my phone because it needs to be connected to a reset, I also cant factory reset it because it is already turned on, what do I do?

Welcome to Android Enthusiasts! For starters, our locked-out tag wiki has helpful links.

Switch it off by pressing : Power+Volume Up + Volume Down + home for almost 13 seconds
Go to recovery mode by pressing: Power+Volume Up + home for around 6 seconds

Here you can factory reset it, of course you have your credentials (email & password)

It worked! Thanks for the help.


text:
Record log before device reboots
I need to record an log even if device restarts cause when I open a specific app my phone restarts so I need to log why.

As you can reproduce the crash you can connect your phone via USB to a computer and start
adb logcat -b all

and then start the problematic app on the device.
You will get the logcat output until the device reboots. Hopefully there is an indicator why the crash happens.
Note: this requires enabled adb on the device and adb running on your PC.
There is a second way reading the kernel messages after the reboot happens, but the path (e.g. /proc/last_kmsg) of the saved kernel messages have changed over the time and it is not enabled by default on all devices.
If you are interested in this way see for example this topics:

How can I enable last_kmsg?

As a side note: kernel log is not usually helpful when fixing apps related problems. kmsg includes logs only from kernel and some native daemons including init, not Java framework of Android. But pstore can be configured to get logcat if device doesn't boot to adb stage.


text:
How to reset MTK engineering mode to the default settings?
2020.1.11 Renewal
Maybe the field of MTK engineering mode is the most mysterious field of the smartphone. It’s like a top-secret. No matter the questions post on anywhere, no one can answer it.
Below is the original question:
I have an old question, until now no one can give me an exact answer. I looked up the question on the Internet many times, but I don't find the answer.
I have an old smartphone, its CPU is MTK6589.
As we knew, the CPU made by MTK has an engineering mode. For example the command ##3646633##, we can make some setting in the mode.
I want to know, what does this mode use for? Just to test the device? Or make some underlying setting?
If I changed the settings, how can I reset it to the default value?
Restore factory setting?
I tried this, but the value in engineering mode can not recover to default.
Flash official firmware?
I tried this. After I flashed it, all the values seem to recover. But I saw some people said that this is just changed the value which it displays, the value saved in CPU can not be recovered.
So can anyone help me?
Thanks.

You seem to have a number of questions. It would help to edit your question to include the make and model along with what version of Android OS your device is running. Please be aware that CPU is different than an Operating System like Android

@MorrisonChang Thanks for your advice. I edited my question.

Speculation: If flashing official firmware doesn't repair the issue, then the settings are in EEPROM on the SOC or radio chipsets. The only way to know what was the original values would be to keep a record before changing. I suspect that these settings are only for QA in the factory or QA by the carrier and similarly no safeguards from bricking or bad state. Its also possible that depending on the MTK motherboard version that JTAG via test pads is needed to properly reset such settings.

@MorrisonChang Thanks. I found another article about this problem, for your reference. https://xiaomifirmware.com/guides-and-tips/reset-engineering-mode-settings-back-to-defaults/


text:
How to use Visual Studio Code on an Android device?
I have Samsung Galaxy Tab S6 and it has cool features to replace laptops, but it is unfortunately running Android OS, and not many development apps are available for Android.
Is there an option to run VS Code at least on an Android device?

There are two ways to use Linux on Android so we can use VS Code :

First easy way (Virtual Network Computing) (VNC):
1. Install a Linux distro via "Termux"
 pkg update -y && pkg install proot wget tar pulseaudio  -y &&  wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AndronixApp/AndronixOrigin/master/Rootfs/Ubuntu19/ubuntu19.sh && chmod +x ubuntu19.sh && ./ubuntu19.sh
2. Install Linux GUI desktop environment like "Xfce".
sudo apt-get install xfce4 xfce4-goodies -y
3. start a VNC server on your linux.
sudo apt-get install tightvncserver -y
4. Open "VNC Viewer" on android to start hacking.
you may need to do command vncserver -list to list the port
5. Install vscode for ARM64
6. Optional: Install NodeJS for ARM64.
apt install nodejs

Second hacky way (Linux Natively):

more info:
https://medium.com/@quantvc/running-debian-on-android-device-natively-73545c9b0757
Helpful Resources:
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=studio.com.techriz.andronix
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.termux
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.realvnc.viewer.android
List of some ARM64 Hackers:
@Lemon1I @boby2001820 @NTAuthority @gus33000
Worth mentioning:
https://github.com/WOA-Project

The question was not to use but to run VS Code on Android.

Is there another way to run vscode on android device?

That worth mentioning link is for advertisement or somehow related to the question or answer?

Related to ARM64 hackers and projects

The open-source version of VS Code is called code-server. To run it on Android (without root) you will need:
Termux from F-Droid as changes to the Google Play Store policies are no longer compatible with Termux releases.
2023 Update
For an easier install use the Termux-User-Repository
From: https://github.com/coder/code-server/issues/5745

pkg install tur-repo
pkg install code-server

Old Instructions
Once running Termux you will need to install a bunch of packages as code-server is an Electron app and needs support from nodejs.
pkg install nodejs

pkg install yarn

Per the Termux NodeJS wiki you should probably have installed:
pkg install build-essential

pkg install python

As they are needed for building native extensions.
And finally install code-server itself.
yarn global add code-server

warning installing code-server takes a while
code-server is now installed and will be the back-end for your front-end which will be a Chromium based browser, like Chrome for Android or Microsoft Edge.
code-server

You'll probably want to run the server in the background like code-server &. The ampersand puts the process in the background.
At that point you'll get some logs about where to find the password.
Open up a browser, as I was using Samsung DeX I used Samsung Internet, connect to 127.0.0.1:8080 and enter password.
In my case I used cat ~/.config/code-server/config.yaml to find out what was configured.

As you can see in the screenshot, even the MS Python plugin seems to work (for now).
A Few Caveats

code-server is not Microsoft Visual Studio Code The summary is that not all plugins are supported, YMMV.

I'm using Termux and code-server with Samsung DeX so I don't have any keyboard issues that others have encountered.

VS Code does not yet exist for Android, so there's no way to run it for now. There are some other good editors though, such as CodeAnywhere that you may be able to use in the meantime.


text:
Home Screen, Recent apps, pull down menu not working multi user nexus 6
Hi two days ago my phone shutdown due to low battery, charged it and powered it on. With the power on came all the issues listed below:

can not switch users (have three user accounts created each with their apps)
home and recent buttons do not work, but i hear the haptic when pressed except nothing happens.
pull down menu does not pull down completely: only displays a few icons and thats about it.
can not switch to debug mode, can not connect to pc.

I have seen similar issues over the internet and looked for over 18 hours but so far none has worked. the ones i have tried are:

Downloaded the Nova launcher app but doesnt work for me as there is
no SetupWizardTestActivity. i have one activity and that is the
carrierSetupActivity or the name is similar to that.
tried the Navigation bar and Activity Launcher apps.
Tried wiping the cache and rebooting in safe mode

If possible I do not want to factory reset the phone, but if there is no other alternative. Then it will be very helpful if someone can tell me

how to back up the accounts data for all the three users and how best
  I can retrieve it after the reset. Also how to switch the user for the time being so that i can at least manually back up information from other users - if there is a way.

All suggestions are welcome. thank you all in advance. Am using the nexus 6 running android 7.1.1


text:
How can I record call using c code(c executable that can run on Android-Linux) on rooted Android device?
I want to record a call that is called by my application for the call test purposes. We record a call and compare it with a high-quality WAV file to determine the call quality. But the call recording APIs are not working anymore in the latest Android. For testing, we provide a rooted device to the client. So, I am thinking if we can record a call at the system level.
I have already tried it with Superpowered SDK on Android Q but no luck.
I have found a Magisk Module called callrecorder-skvalex which is already doing what I need.
If anyone can list the steps that are required to achieve this goal, I will be very thankful to him.

I'm not sure what do you mean by "Linux code" (do you mean code/script run on Linux, but not Android?), but take note that app development is off-topic on Android.SE since its focus is more to end-users, not developers.

I mean a c executable(ELF shared object, 64-bit LSB arm64, dynamic (/system/bin/linker64), stripped) that can run on Android-Linux.

The section 'Why SoX won't work?' of this answer may be helpful for you in understanding the background: https://android.stackexchange.com/a/217522/2241

Permissions part can be handled with root access, so capturing mic should be possible from commandline. But the even more complex part (I think) would be the sharing of audio input and output devices (mic and earphone). Otherwise android.hardware.audio@2.0-service which interfaces Android framework won't be able to capture and play. Sharing is possible using native tools (like ALSA's pcm.multi if I'm not wrong) but I don't think that would be possible without integrating with Android's native/Java framework.

A simple approach is to build/use a privileged app with CAPTURE_AUDIO_OUTPUT permission that uses Android's Java/native APIs and doesn't have to take care of sharing itself: https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/media/sharing-audio-input#voice_call_ordinary_app. That's what callrecorder-skvalex is doing. Some apps also make use of Accessibility feature.

I have made an app with Java MediaRecorder API and made my app a system app by following https://pastebin.com/jTDVyfLa and then reboot the system. When I start recording on call then I get these errors: https://pastebin.com/LuxkrX1X Do you have any suggestion to fix it?


text:
Pixel 3a charging over computer USB connection
I have an Pixel 3a device that I connect to a Linux computer via USB cable (A to C). Sometimes when I plug in the device, the notification on the Pixel 3a says, "Android System - Charging this device via USB". However, the battery icon indicates the phone is not charging (does not show the lightning bolt), and indeed, the charge level does not go up. If I switch the USB connection to MIDI, PTP, USB tethering or file transfer, then the phone starts charging.

How can I get my phone to reliably charge without granting extra data permissions?
As for "sometimes", if the Pixel 3a previously did not charge with no data transfer, then it will continue to not charge with no data transfer in subsequent connections until some data is granted. If the Pixel 3a charged in the last connection, it may or may not charge on the next connection with no data transfer.

I assume one of the problems here is that you don't use an USB-C to USB-C cable in combination with using the "USB controlled by this device" mode.
"USB controlled by this device" should be equivalent to what was called OTG with USB2/Micro USB. At that time you could not use OTG with charging at the same time.
In the USB-C era it should be possible if the phone supports USB-Power Delivery (USB-PD).
The Pixel 3a as far as I know supports USB-PD.
Now comes the problem: When you connect the phone using the USB-C to USB-A converter cable and select the mode "USB controlled by this device" then the phone is in the USB master role. For a connection to the PC the PC would have to act as USB slave - which is AFAIK not possible as USB 2/3 PC connections (using the old Type A socket) can only act as USB master!
Therefore we have on each end of the cable an USB master which effectively that there is absolutely no communication possible between them, as the USB standard defines exactly one USB master in a device tree (the USB master plus x USB slaves - the connected devices and hubs).
No communication automatically means no connection for negotiating the available/required power. Therefore in the end your phone doe snot charge.
When you change the mode to "MIDI" or one of the other "use USB for" modes this implicitly changes the USB controlled by" mode to "Connected device" - Android does not only support them this way.
Conclusion: By default you should select "USB controlled by connected device" - this is the default as it was in USB2.0/3.0: The "connected device" is the computer and the computer is the USB master.
Using this mode means computer and phone can communicate and therefore also charging works.

Switching to USB controlled by connected device fails with "Couldn't switch".

@mattm OK, then this mode is only for connecting two devices that both have the OTG capability. But then it is really strange that the device doe not charge in "no data transfer" mode. Have you checked the cable for a defect (loose connection or something like this)?

I don't have the resources to do a controlled hardware test; I only have one phone and one USB-A->USB-C cable. The fact that I can get everything working with a software setting change inclines me to think it's not a hardware or physical connection issue.


text:
What are possible consequences of not installing updates
I've a many-years-old android phone on which I've never updated the OS, never logged in to Google Play.  I haven't had any google accounts for years.
I deleted nearly all apps that came preinstalled on the phone, and have never installed any apps (other than firefox directly from mozilla, with some privacy plugins/addons).  Further I've never logged into any website (i.e. no email, no banking, no purchasing, etc).  Further, my address phone book doesn't contain any sensiteve contacts, such as my financial institutions.
I never connect to wifi other than my home.  My online phone activity is limited to checking the weather forecast and reading mainstream newspapers (and that is only at home. I don't have any data on my phone subscription plan).
What harm am I open to?

i don't aggree with @Robert and would not spread fear. the practical consequences may: 1. battery life (updates can have negative impact, consuming more power, battery drains faster) 2. apps like google maps stop working one day (even old previously working apk) 3. https websites unreachable (outdated ssl certificates)

Even if you don't use the phone for many things you may still get a victim of an attack.
The first security problem are apps that are no longer updated because your Android version is too old and is no longer supported. App updates some times not only add new features but also fix vulnerabilities. Not getting the update can make your device even more vulnerable to attacks.
Especially an up-to-date web browser app and WebView component is crucial, because malware was even found on large well known web sites - or to be precise it was found in advertisements shown on these pages. Nowadays ads are are sold via real-time auctions, therefore the owner of the web page has only limited influence on what ads are being displayed. The ad companies try to prevent such "malvertising" (malware advertising) campaigns but in such a dynamic market you can't filter out 100% and one banner with malware may be enough.
A second problem may be the Android Media Service which automatically processes every file you download. In history this service has shown dozens of vulnerabilities that enable root access. Now again Google has managed to put some more vulnerabilities in this service. Therefore from my point of view this service is one of the major risks on your device - but you cant disable or remove it and even if you could so apps would stop working like the USB PC connection or the photo album app.
Once an attacker has managed to take over your Android device the attacker can scan your home network for other vulnerable devices such as Smart TVs (often contain microphones), webcams, and so on. Depending what you have installed the effects of an attack can have an significant impact on your life.

It's your last paragraph that I'm wondering about.  I keep firefox uptodate, and all sites are toggled 'restricted' in ghostery, and all sites in privacy badger are blocked.  My only intentional download has been firefox, direct from mozilla. Only thing on the network are the phone, a couple printers, a win7 and linux computer.  No smart TVs or webcams. So I am still wondering what harm I am open to.

I just looked into my version. Although it's quite old, it was the final release before the major version number incremented.

@user312990 Firefox currently requires Android 4.1+ but earlier or later this limit will rise and your device will not be able to install newer Firefox versions. Additionally the effects of a vulnerability in Firefox (e.g. a 0-day exploit) are more severe on your device as the attacker can modify the system because of existing vulnerabilities and therefore directly escape the app and compromise the whole Android system.


text:
How to find if the processor has hardfloat
My mobile got MSM8953, App, Droid info says:
Instruction Sets: armeabi-v7a, aremeabi
CPU Features: half thumb fastmult vfp edsp neon vfpv3 tls vfpv4 idiva idivt vfpd32 lpae evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 sha3 crc32

How to say it got hardfloat or not?

vfp, vfpv3, vfpv4, vfpd32 all say it has hardware support for floating-point: https://developer.arm.com/architectures/instruction-sets/floating-point. Btw, MSM8953 has 64-bit CPU architecture (ARMv8-A), not 32-bit (ARMv7-A): https://www.qualcomm.com/products/snapdragon-625-mobile-platform

So the tuple that describes the processor build system should be armv7a-unknown-linux-musleabi or armv7a-unknown-linux-musleabihf?

Firstly, that question cannot be answered without getting further information. Secondly, development related questions are dealt at https://stackoverflow.com/. This site is meant for end users.

OK, I'll ask at stackoverflow.com


text:
Automatic Power On and Off
Is it possible to configure a smartphone with Android 8.1.0 to power on and off at specified times?

not exactly what you want, but you can schedule airplane mode with automation apps like MacroDroid. disable SIM PIN protection if you want to receive calls. for kids control there are several other solutions

Some OEM ROMs offer such a functionality, most do not. You can check your device's settings, if there is such an entry. If there is none, then it is not possible. So, the answer to this question will be a yes and no together. It will depend on which smartphone you have.
You can certainly not achieve this with 3rd party apps.

Thank you. I have checked the smartphone's settings and have not found the option to schedule powering on the device. Are there custom-made Android ROMs which have greater functionality?


text:
How to decrpytion from twrp
Firstly, I need to say my specific problem so that this question won't marked as duplicated.
I've an android phone that has already root access and bootloader lock open. And recently I dropped it and its screen (lcd panel) was blacked out and no feedback about screen. But locally its touch panel %90 of screen was working because someone calls me it can answer and rejecet call if you swipe it from its oginal coordinates of screen.
However, I connect it from Vysor app to see screen and it was successfully done its process but I couldn't backup at that position because of time limitation about my life. A day later, I tried it again but not worked. After  this I reset it but now it ask me to enter password manually for first time and fingerprint doesn't work. At this step I forced to power loss (by holding power button of phone) to start it from bootlader. And I started it from bootloader and boot from my previously used twrp.img version that has ability of decrypt password and was confirmed previously time before this happened. After this step it decrypted successfully and I deleted /data/system/gatekeeper.pattern.key after I backedup 58 bytes file. Now I have backup of .key file. After that I reboot phone to open normally but it doesn't ask password also doesn't decrypt userdata partiton. And stuck on Phone is starting... screen.
Now, I realised that I set password again with same value from when system was awake. so my partition was encrypted before it was successfully decrypted. So if my password is true the TWRP security codes (that check if is successfully decrypted it) but it fails even if I use correct password. So I need to find algorithm of decryption and I will apply algorith twice.
In short, I need somehing like that but it won't check if password correct or not
twrp decrypt $PASS ; twrp decrypt $PASS.
otherwise it will fail on first time so second time and so on it will repeats.

Does this answer your question? Attempting to brute force Android security pattern through TWRP via adb

Sadly NO. Becaause in my situation it remains encrypted even if I use RIGHT pattern because it was encrypted second time before it wasn't actually decrypted.

@alecxs I know actual key that I used because I have never changed password for last 1 year. So I didn't wait 10seconds after attemp because the var: $PASS always same in my situation. But when you do bruteForceAttack you must change $PASS to find out actual key.

Also I mean that it encrypted twice like when you type in shell this command echo $PASS|md5sum|md5sum . The md5 algorith applyed cummulatively with first encryption algorth output like in my situation data partition table was encrypted twice cummulatively.

@alecxs Here is my recovery.log https://pastebin.pl/view/823ba5bc

does not look encrypted twice to me, instead decryption fails on the first try, see
line 79,
line 90,
line 761 are you sure you placed the key backup at right location?
try unofficial TWRP from codeworkx

make a full dump adb pull /dev/block/sda13 ~ 113981 MB / ~ 4 hours (before mess up), then restore cat /tmp/gatekeeper.pattern.key > /data/system/gatekeeper.pattern.key furthermore wait for answer on this question https://android.stackexchange.com/q/216155

@alecxs I set password as lockscreen pattern not as directly password so it is true that it uses gatekeeper.pattern.key. Also I do full dump of my userdata partition as you suggested.(Takes 70mins with usb cable and ssd not 4 hours).However, at this time i dont have key in /tmp/ folder also my old key file was backed up as 58 bytes binary code but only remiving this file and booting device normally, it stucks on phone starting... screen. And again keeping old file with same name and location (restored key) but now it ask pattern but not accepted. I think it uses more files to decrypt it.

@alecxs after some time I bought new phone because of repair cost is so expensive according to new one. Anyway, Now I wondered that if I do brute Force to decrypt it, it has any possibility to decrypt it? With my only one file is backed up and no other files not backed up and I keep them as original file in key location.(Also I am sure I typed correctly the password but maybe the because of file it decrypt with different key) Does it worth to wait it. Any possibility to decrypt in there?

On the other hand, on my new phone, I encrypted with same key but the /data/system/gatekeeper.pattern.key contents completely different my backed up file. Why this is so different key generated with same pattern also decrypted it with new phone and again encrypted and the key again changed.

i am sorry, i am no expert. i believe there is a random generated part which is combined with your screenlock pattern. bruteforcing makes only sense for pattern, not for the missing random part. but i believe it is possible to decrypt


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Is it possible to set a customizable mode of "Do not disturb" for Outlook?
In this article, it is described how to set Outlook to e.g. do not disturb during weekends.
In addition to this, I would like to add the criteria to not disturb after work hours (i.e. 5 PM to 8 AM).
From my understanding, this is not possible? Could we persuade Microsoft to add this feature somehow?
EDIT: I found that several others also want this feture.

The latest versions of the Outlook app actually already have this new DND option "During evenings" wherein you can configure your after-work routine. By default, it is set to 5PM to 8AM schedule as you want in your question. But it can also be modified to fit a different routine. Here's the screenshot:

I just updated the app to version 4.0.94. But I don't have that function. Maybe the version patched to Google Play varies depending on the region. I live in Finland. Perhaps Google's server for apps in Europe is not as up to date as other places in the world.

@tomatoeshift I'm on the version 4.0.94, last updates on 20th December. Which one are you at?

Now I got a second update on the same day. Now I have the DOD settings as in your screenshot


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Android 5.1 prevent USB Ethernet interface to go into sleep/suspend in AC loss (PM)
We are using MT8163 based Android device which is connected with TP-link based USB-Ethernet device over MT8163 USB host.  Our requirement is to prevent the TP-link USB-Ethernet dongle to enter sleep mode and keep it available without suspending in case the MT8163 loses AC power. What are the changes w.r.t Android or AOSP to achieve this functionality
Thanks,
Sai

When the CPU looses power usually the USB controller looses power, too. The USB controller powers the USB-Ethernet device and without power an USB-Ethernet device is unable to work (well-known in applied electrical engineering). Have you tried to place an active powered USB hub between USB-Ethernet device and the Android device?

https://android.stackexchange.com/q/109955

Thanks for reply Robert, the MT8163 has battery power(in case loss of AC) and the MT8163 is providing the power/controlling the USB-ethernet device. Our intention is to keep the USB controller, USB-Ethernet device to stay powered and work even the MT8163 goes to aSleep mode(savor mode not low power mode). Like giving exception or wakelock to USB subsystem. Rest of the interfaces(wifi, LCD etc..) can go to sleep mode to conserve the power. USB hub is not possible keep in system as per design limitation.


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How to find out the package name of an Android app, without ADB nor installing apps
My friend just showed me a really useful app. I want to install it too, but the app's name is very generic and there is no app with this name in any app store nor on the web. Knowing the package name of the app would help me find it.
How can I know the package name of an app?

In Settings>App I only see the app's name.
If it was my phone I would install Applications Info and read the package name. Unfortunately I can't install anything on the phone. Understandably, my friend does not allow me to enable developer options, nor to connect any cable to it.
The phone otherwise only has stock apps.

Latest Android.

Related/possible duplicate: https://android.stackexchange.com/q/90141. Btw, the correct term is "package name", you might use that keyword to search for related existing questions.

That question specifies "via ADB". So any answer there is not a valid answer here, and vice versa. So I don't think it is a duplicate. Thanks for the terminology tip, I fixed my question :-)

If I understood correctly, then the restriction on this question is: stock, fully-locked (cannot install/side-load apps, cannot use USB debug, not rooted, etc.) Android devices? If that's the case... based on my experience, it's almost impossible to get the package name, surprisingly... hopefully others know the solution.

Ugly way: Let your friend install Helium Backup, create a backup of that app, and see how the backup was named. Or use an "app inspector" (link goes to my corresponding app listing). Or shock him and let him use ClassyShark3xodus, which doesn't only show the package name but also the trackers inside ;) Without installing an app you can only hope to open it in play store (web site, "id" part of the URL).

@AndrewT. Yes exactly. I hope Izzy knows some trick either via settings or via the Play store app or something else :-)

Re: Izzy's comment on "open it in Play Store", related Q&A: https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/78318/package-name-info-for-android-apps. Also try searching the same app name on Appbrain just in case the app has been taken down from Play Store. But otherwise, if nothing comes up, then it might be a proprietary app specific to certain vendors/manufacturers.

@Izzy Unfortunately I can't install anything on the phone, and it has only has stock apps, so no Titanium/Helium/etc.

PS: Open in play store (app) might be helpful as well. Write down the name of the developer, and use that to show all his/her apps: https://play.google.com/store/apps/developer?id=<url+encoded+name>. If any of that constitutes an answer in your eyes, let me know :)

There is a browser app, so that's definitely an idea. Please note that "there is no app with this name in any app store". I suspect the app was removed from Play. Or maybe it was installed another way, even possibly via APK by a pre-owner who then would have disabled developer options.

In that case you're out of luck. The only way to get the app then would be to extract it from his device – which you cannot do as you can neither install an "app extractor"/backup, nor use ADB :(

There are multiple approaches to that – depending on what you have access to. I'll include those not working for you as they might work for others:

Most obvious: use an app inspector (link goes to my corresponding app list). Won't work for you as you cannot install any app.
Not that obvious, but with helpful side effect: install ClassyShark3xodus from F-Droid. Not only shows the package name but also the trackers contained in apps. Again, needs installing an app.
Another one with helpful side effects: installing Helium Backup and inspecting the backup file name. Doesn't work for you either, unfortunately.
Native method: Open in Play Store, ideally in the web page. Find the package name in the URL's id parameter. If in app, use the developer's name to list all apps made by them: https://play.google.com/store/apps/developer?id=<url+encoded+name>.

If the app is not available in any of the app stores available on the device (often happens with vendor specific pre-installed apps), you're out of luck: you cannot even extract the APK from your friend's device if (s)he doesn't let you install an APK extractor or enable ADB (with ADB, you could e.g. use Adebar's getapk script to extract all or specific apps).


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Connecting HDD to PC having copied files to HDD from phone triggers error check
I have a brand new, formatted with exFAT 1TB external hard drive which I'm connecting to my phone via a USB hub. I can copy files to it no problem.
However when I connect to my Windows 7 PC it says that there is an error and tries running the Error Checking tool. It doesn't find any issue however.
My question is why does it think this and how can I avoid it?

Does this happen every time? Do you properly eject/unmount drive from phone storage before disconnecting cable? See Windows Event Viewer for detailed chkdsk log to see what kind of errors it suspects/finds on filesystem.

Yes, that was it. I ejected it from my phone and plugged it into my PC and it was fine. I was just plugging it out even when the transfer was completed so didn't think this would be an issue. I notice there isn't an option in Windows 7 to eject this HDD. Please put this as an answer and I will mark as the solution.

Then I assume the main problem is not the phone but your Windows 7 system that does not allow to eject the drive (are you sure you just have missed the icon?). This triggers the "ejected without correct unmount" flag on the HDD which is just ignored by the phone and later your Windows system complains about it.

@CiaranMartin there is always an option to "un-mount" or "safely remove" or "eject" storage devices, on all OSes, for all filesystems. @Robert if Android un-mounts the filesystem properly, that "unclean" flag should be removed irrespective of who set that. And Windows won't complain anymore. Android always runs fsck on removable storage before mounting.


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Update firmware
I have a Samsung Note 9 SM-N960F / DS which I bought in Germany! The first time, the phone was used in an Southeast Europe (SEE) country, so it has an SEE firmware. Service provider shows: SEE/SEE, DBT/DBT on the third line.
So, my question is, can I / should I install DBT firmware?
(What I want to do, is to upgrade Android 9 SEE to Android 10 DBT. Should I do it?)
Thank You

Are you sure that the country the device was used the first time has an effect on the firmware and it's ability to upgrade? Usually a region lock is applied by the manufacturer before selling it.

I think so, because when I did put my sim card the first time, there was a message saying wether I wanted to use the phones firmware or the sim card's one. I selected the sim card's, then the phone rebooted, downloaded the firmware and installed it.

https://forum.xda-developers.com/android/software/patched-odin-3-13-1-t3762572


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Three semicircles on top os screen Android pie?
Everytime i open my menu on my asus zenfone max m2 stock android these three semicircles appear on the top at random does anyone has a clue what are these?

Looks like overlay from some app. You should check the apps for which you have granted the "Draw over other apps" permission.

Just figured it out pal t'was actually a bug in my phone these are icons of the dock which appear at the top

@TheGalagaGuy looks like you found the solution to your question by yourself, which is great! Feel free to post it as a proper answer since self-answering is not only allowed but also encouraged!.


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Accessing favorite/hearted images when choosing an image with Samsung's Gallery app
In the Samsung Galaxy Note 9's Gallery app, there isn't a separate Favorite Photos folder. Instead, a button on top of the albums page labeled Favorites opens up hearted photos.
The problem with this is my favorite/hearted photos don't appear as a separate folder in WhatsApp when I try to attach a photo. For example, I press the attach button, Gallery, and there is no separate folder for my hearted/favorite photos.
How to quickly access those photos?

@Robert Edited the question. Please try now.

I've done further edit based on my understanding of the question. If there's something wrong or missing, feel free to [edit] and fix it/add more detail. Thanks.

You can reach you installed gallery from within WhatsApp by either longpressing the "gallery"-button within the attachement-menu or by clicking it, then clicking the three dots in the upper right corner.

Old Answer with the assumption, that you were asking for WhatsApp-Favorites:
The starred messages are no seperate folder in the gallery, but a list within WhatsApp.
To get to this list follow these steps:
1. Open WhatsApp.
2. Tap More options. (The three dots)
3. Tap "Starred messages".

I just changed the question text. Please try now.


text:
Is permission elevation still a security issue for end users when updating Android?
Is this still an issue for end users?:
Researchers have determined that the Android update process has a vulnerability that allows permission elevation without user knowledge.
Android allows installed applications, if so designed, to obtain additional capabilities without the owner's consent, just by updating the phone's operating system to a newer version.
https://www.techrepublic.com/article/beware-of-danger-lurking-in-android-phone-updates/

From my understanding this vulnerability only works for updates that introduce new permissions.
Therefore the update from 2.3.6 to 4.0.x which contained a lot of changes had the highest impact regarding this vulnerability.
I have not checked it but my impression of the latest major Android updates is that the major privacy related permissions don't change very often. Therefore even if this had not been fixed by Google the attack surface is relative small.
Additionally at that time only the static APK manifest defined permissions existed. Nowadays Android has the additionaly run-time permission system where the user is been asked to explicitly grant a specific permission to the app at run-time (e.g. sd-card access). This also reduces the impact of such an attack if it would still be possible.


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strange message from phone number but it was not sms
Today I received strange message. My phone vibred and on locked screen on top bar I saw identical icon like when I receving a traditional text.
When I unlocked screen than I saw something like popup (or modal) but fixed to bottom. In header was a phone number. In center was a text but not all it was truncated. In bottom section was two buttons cancel and save.
unfortunately i pressed cancel button and now I can't find this message in system.
I thought that it traditional sms so I didn't save this.
there was something about the administrator of my personal data in the content, so it's important to me
Anybody can tell me where I can found this message or what kind of message it is? From network operator?

That's called a flash SMS.

https://www.guidingtech.com/53398/view-android-notifications-history


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how to *really* kill adware app
the BLU Dash X2, Android 6.0, has a known adware app shown as Preinstall Data2 in the Settings | Apps list, and I finally figured out this is the same as com.android.packages.oseasapps shown in pm list packages -d by disabling and reenabling it. the problem I'm having is that recently killing it with Force stop and Disable no longer seems to do anything. it's still injecting ads into other apps which I can see happening using adb logcat, and still is shown in the process list using adb shell ps.
how can I kill it for real without having to root the phone?

thanks to the supererogatory efforts of alecxs my backup phone is now adware-free. he went above and beyond to help me in the comments.
to eliminate vendor-installed adware without rooting phone you need SP Flash Tool, which is available (at least) for Windows and Linux; and an unofficial TWRP image available from https://romprovider.com/2018/12/blu-dash-x2-root-twrp/. you'll also need the scatter file, obtainable from any firmware file for your model phone. I got mine by googling BLU D110L Firmware Download, finding not my version 21 but both v12 and v22. I extracted both firmwares and the scatter file was the same in each, named MT6580_Android_scatter.txt.
power down the phone, fire up SP Flash (flash_tool.sh) and point it to your scatter file. then select recovery in the Download section (misnamed, IMO, because you're really uploading to the phone from the computer), and double-click in the Location column in the recovery row, and select the TWRP image. it should look like this:

click the Download button, and it will just wait there until you briefly pulse the power button (about 0.5 second). then in about a second, you will see the progress bar zoom across the screen, and hopefully you will get a popup indicating a successful write.

after done flashing, disconnect the cable, as it won't (at least mine didn't) power up with it in. holding the volume UP button, hold the power button about 10 seconds and release it. after you see the phone starting, you can then release volume up. it should be booted into TWRP. you will need to slide the bar right to allow writing the system image; but the language can be confusing, and if you wait too long, a big padlock icon will appear, at which point you need to slide twice, once to unlock the app, and a 2nd time to allow writing to /system.
then connect the cable, adb shell and you should have a root prompt! however, /system won't be mounted, but you can do it simply: mount /system. from there I navigated to the folder where the evil app resided, and appended .evil to both the .apk and .odex files:
~ # find /system/priv-app/ -name '*Preinstall*.apk'
/system/priv-app/PreinstallProvider-oem_BLU_us2/PreinstallProvider-oem_BLU_us2.apk
/system/priv-app/PreinstallProvider-utm_source-utm_campaign-oem_BLU_us/PreinstallProvider-utm_source-utm_campaign-oem_BLU_us.apk
~ # cd /system/priv-app/PreinstallProvider-oem_BLU_us2/
/system/priv-app/PreinstallProvider-oem_BLU_us2 # ls
PreinstallProvider-oem_BLU_us2.apk
oat
/system/priv-app/PreinstallProvider-oem_BLU_us2 # mv PreinstallProvider-oem_BLU_
us2.apk PreinstallProvider-oem_BLU_us2.apk.evil
/system/priv-app/PreinstallProvider-oem_BLU_us2 # find oat
oat
oat/arm
oat/arm/PreinstallProvider-oem_BLU_us2.odex
/system/priv-app/PreinstallProvider-oem_BLU_us2 # mv oat/arm/PreinstallProvider-
oem_BLU_us2.odex oat/arm/PreinstallProvider-oem_BLU_us2.odex.evil
~ # reboot

when the phone came back, the app was gone. and since I didn't actually root the phone itself, I hopefully won't have any other problems with it.
note that if you fail to boot into TWRP, and instead reboot normally, your modified recovery partition will be gone. the phone will have automatically overwritten it, and you'll have to start over with SP Flash Tool. also: if you get it into FASTBOOT or META modes you may need to actually open the phone up and remove the battery to powerdown. this was not a painless process. and a couple of times I managed somehow to get it into a 4th mode, Factory mode, which is useless but at least had Reboot and Shutdown options.

This might actually work better, if I can figure out how to get it reliably into Fastboot mode: https://stackoverflow.com/a/49287932/493161

But only if you've unlocked your bootloader, which involves wiping out all your data. I guess I'll stick with SP Flash Tool.


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What does Kindle Fire Optimizing Storage and applications actually mean?
Every time I boot my Kindle fire 10 7th gen, it does this. Sometimes displaying "Optimizing Storage and applications" with progress bar for up to 10 minutes.
The flippin thing runs out of battery while unattended often so this issue keeps arising.
Does anyone know what its actually doing?
Common usage is:
View a web page or two. Watch a YouTube video.
Rarely do I Install new apps or download data.
There isn't much new on the drive to optimize between reboots!
If there are some logs to review, Id love to know which ones and I could post snippets here.


text:
System firewall setting?
I travel and live with someone all the time. Cast is enabled across the system and it's too easy to inadvertently cast something... embarrassing (just a click and it's on the TV). I found this design okay when I used to live alone, but now this is an unwanted feature to me.
Android/Chrome developers didn't make a setting that disables Casting(how could they). I blocked mDNS port on my laptop, but I couldn't find a way to disable Cast on my Android phone. I know there are firewall apps that need root access. I don't want to install any apps or root my phone. Is there a way to change firewall settings on Android? An interface to Netfilter module(if Android uses this, that is) like firewall-cmd or iptables? A standard way preferably so I can use this trick on all the Android phones I purchase through my life!

There is iptables but it requires root access.

Might be able with ADB.

Something like https://blog.usejournal.com/adb-port-forwarding-and-reversing-d2bc71835d43

ADB doesn't run with root privileges. adb reverse or adb forward redirects ports between ADB (on PC) and ADBD (on Android). No firewall or NAT is involved.

mDNS broadcasts for Casting are generated by Play Services app. But blocking that (if your ROM supports) would block many other things including push notifications. Simple is to not use apps with Cast feature, or root your device.


text:
How to call or dial from my head unit through Bluetooth?
I just upgraded my head unit to Woodman Big B on Android 8.1. I'm not finding a good way to dial out someone from the head unit. I am connected to my mobile through Bluetooth.
How to call or dial from my head unit through Bluetooth?

Check the device on the Bluetooth setting. Used for ...?

I spent some time today exploring my head unit and found that the Bluetooth app has the option for downloading contacts from the phone. Also, it has a nice dialer.


text:
Is completely isolated multi-tenancy possible on Android comparable to Linux?
Is it possible to have on an Android device:

(permission based or virtual volumes) isolated data storage?
user specific, independent device usage configuration?
simple user relogin?

The Linux user system is used in a totally different way on Android - typically each application has it's own userid. Therefore things like "user relogin" are simply out of scope of Android.

Stock Android (AOSP) itself doesn't provide any of the three features, except some limited user isolation: https://android.stackexchange.com/a/213921/218526 But some OEMs do provide enhanced security and isolation. Plus Android is based on Linux kernel, so you can use any mechanism including DAC, MAC, namespaces and cgroups on Android too. However integrating with Android framework would be a tough task. Also concept of multi-users is entirely different on Android than on Linux. Your question is very broad, consider narrowing it down to a specific situation.


text:
/system/media Directory
First of all, I am currently learning about Android security and wasn't sure if to post it on the Android or Security StackExchange, either way here is my problem...
Investigating the content providers of a particular app, I found out that:
content://media/internal/images/media
could be queried. After querying it, I obtained the following files,
/system/media/video/edge.png and /system/media/video/edge720p.png
My question is, what is this directory for, and what are these files used for? Is it dangerous that this path can be queried?
Thanks

Could you clarify if you're asking about the media storage, or the /system/media/ path?

Those pictures must be wallpapers, built-in by your OEM or ROM developer. I don't think there is a danger associated with their discovery. They are meant to be discovered like other internal media including ringtones.

@AndrewT. The /system/media/ path. Thanks.

@IrfanLatif hmm, got it. Thank you. I was wondering if that path would have been used for something different.


text:
How to remove a certificate Authority installed on my Android mobile ( redmi note 5)
I installed an app LUMEN that app installed a certificate, ever since it installed that certificate it is showing that your secure network maybe monitored or modified

You need to go to:
Settings > Security > Encryption & Credentials > Trusted Credentials > User
You can remove the installed CA from there.


text:
com.google.android.apps.gsa.binaries.velvet.app.velvet root application keeps stopping
I have a Samsung galaxy J7 running on android 7 I've been getting this error consistently, nothing in particular seems to trigger this error and i can't find any application with that name.
is there any way i can fix this without factory resetting ?

Your Google / Google Search app is crashing it seems. Try disabling that app and see if it solves the issue. Do note that I can't foretell what effect disabling the app would have in your phone so proceed with caution. Make a backup of important data first.

I was facing the same problem until I updated the google (not chrome) to the latest version.
Try updating the google app once.


text:
Wifi router disappearing after disconnecting rom VPN In Android
Every time I use a VPN and disconnect from it my Wi-Fi router disappears from the Wi-Fi network list.
This happens on my Android Pie phone and tablet.
I can see all other routers but not the router I was using. After I do forget the Wi-Fi and manually enter SSID and password it doesn't bring up the router. It comes back after a long time on its own.
This is not a problem with my Wi-Fi router because I can connect to it in my Windows 10 laptop and Ipad
Please help.

Does it reappear after turning WiFi On/Off on the Android device?  The issue is definitely the mobile device, but if WiFi On/Off does not resolve, it would be more beneficial to seek help on the XDA Developer Forum due to the fragmentation of Android caused by OEMs and carriers.

No it doesn't reappear after turning Wi-Fi on/off.


text:
Where can I see in the Revolut Android application on which day of the month my amount of currency exchange is reset to 0?
I have a standard plan with Revolut, which means I can do up to 6kEUR of  currency exchange without any transaction each month.
Where can I see in the Revolut Android application on which day of the month my amount of currency exchange is reset to 0?
I use Samsung Galaxy S9 with Android S9.
(Disclaimer: this is not a hidden advertisement for Revolut. On the contrary I advise against using Revolut as overall the user experience is really bad with them)

It currently isn't possible to see in the Revolut Android application on which day of the month my amount of currency exchange is reset to 0. One has to go through the customer service chat to know the information.


text:
Battery drain issue on idle phone, how to find out the culprit?
Overnight, starting from a 100% charge, all apps closed, even from a fresh reboot, screen of course off, my phone (Redmi 6) ends up with a ~90% charge. I know this is abnormal, as my previous phone (Redmi 5A, with worn out battery) ends up with ~99% in the same situation.
That's quite annoying to know that something needlessly drains my battery! I'm pretty sure it's due to some software bug. Encountering the issue as well on MIUI 10 and 11.
I'd like to find out the culprit in order to fix the issue. What can I do?

For the record, my syslog receives the following two errors a lot (several per second):
BoostFramework() : Exception_1 = java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.qualcomm.qti.Performance
BoostFramework() Ux Perf : Exception = java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.qualcomm.qti.UxPerformance

(then, just in case, I went to the Developer options and fully disabled logging, who knows! But it didn't fix the battery issue.)

Also for the record, I have already done a lot of googling about that battery drain issue, and tried the following fix: Go to "Settings > App > Permissions > Autostart" and disable everything (in my case I only had "Camera" enabled). Sadly, it didn't fix the issue.

Update:
I've had run "Battery usage stats" during the day, and it reported me that the screen was most (like 90~95%, as I recall) using the battery, followed by a few % by the networks (cell, wifi).
But here I just looked at "Battery usage stats" and it gave me interesting results: Screen 35%, Cell standby 31%, Wifi 24%…
This is something I was also suspecting. It's highly possible the battery drain is caused by network (both cell and wifi) activity, which in turn could be caused by some software bug. Even though I made sure that no apps or widgets are running. What could I do to investigate further this path? Maybe there is some setting (possibly advanced) that could fix the issue?

Update 2:
As suggested in the comments, I tried "airplane mode" (i.e. cell and wifi networks disabled) and it seems to solve the issue. I think that both, cell and wifi, cause battery drain.
However, that adds an annoying handling step, and I cannot receive calls while in airplane mode. I wish I could avoid that extra handling. I usually don't use wifi, so I'll try disabling only wifi and see if it's sufficient.
The MediaTek chipset of the Redmi 6 definitely seems to be a bad pick. This chipset forbids almost any custom ROM, and now I discover it's not energy-efficient at all for networks…

Update 3:
Some feedback after an extensive period of testing. I can keep cell network and mobile data always on, turning the wifi off seems to be sufficient. Overnight, the battery goes down to barely 99%, it reaches 98% at the very worst… sometimes it even stays at 100% :)
Coupled with a good mobile plan, I just keep the wifi always off, and no longer think about this issue :)

What do you see in battery usage? 2. Is the phone hot/warm on morning, or cold? If hot, it is likely power consumption issue. If cold, it is more likely power supply issue.

@v6ak 1) I have added an update to my question. Thanks to you, I looked again at "Battery usage stats" and it gave me some hint. 2) Phone is cold (and just to make sure: it is unplugged). I think the battery is drained slow enough so that the phone doesn't warm up.

What happens when you put the phone in flight mode for a night?

Is your phone in air plane mode (Wifi and mobile disabled)? Because I have never seen a device that has a battery usage of 1% overnight without having all interfaces disabled.

@GrasDouble Aha, for some reason, I implicitly assumed it was being charged overnight. If not, then the phone is unlikely to be hot on morning.

I'll try the "airplane mode" over a night, and I'm pretty confident it will fix the issue. However, it would be annoying having to switch the airplane mode on/off again and again… and I wouldn't receive calls/messages… I'd prefer to avoid having to do this… Is this some design flaw of the Mediatek Helio P22 chipset?

I added "update 2" to my question. Any suggestion to improve the situation would be very welcome :)

I also noticed this now, my wifi usage shows as it is "active" all the time in the battery usage graph details.  I wonder if it's got to do with changing the wifi hardware but keeping the same SSID and password? That's the only thing I've done recently that might have started causing this? Perhaps "forget the wifi network" on the phone and re enter the password by connecting again to it?

Another question, is your Wifi-Assistant off? Goto to Settings -> Wifi -> Additional Settings to turn it off

Related: WiFi drains battery even if it's off

I had this same issue, it seems to be related to media control apps like Spotify and Google Home mini always staying on and keeping wifi awake.
Also check for any other network connected devices that could be spamming. Could be a printer, or a laptop even, anything on the network is a suspect.
Also try this which seems to have helped:

Removing fingerprint unlock. Perhaps I had 3 fingerprints, before I had 2, maybe that affected battery life and device being active.
Removing one of the themes from the miui Themes app, it seems dodgy, using default theme seems to be helping too.

Network changes:

Some routers and your phone's wifi chip might be a bit funny, so perhaps switch to Static fixed IP address for your phone instead of a dynamic DHCP ip address.
Also try fixing the Wifi Router's Channel to a specific channel instead of leaving it on automatic. (Use WirelessNetView on PC to see which channels are quieter in your neighbourhood, choose between 1, 6 or 11 only)

Indeed, it could be interesting to monitor the network activity and check if there's something unusual. For instance, I'm surrounded with residential gateways with wifi, and had thought that at least one of them might cause the issue (for example because of repeated lookups). So we could determine if the battery drain is caused just by having the wifi module turned on, or when there is network activity in addition. But for my case, I have just turned the wifi off on the phone and called it a day.