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Mapping an IP address to local Android device (localhost)
Is there a way to add a IP address to be a loopback to my Android device? So for example 127.0.0.1 is always the local device. I have a certain IP address that I also want to reserve just for the device just like the 127 IP and I don't want it going to the real IP. On a Windows machine I can add multiple IP addresses in the LAN adapter. Is there a way to do this in Android?

Ad-blocking apps like Blockada usually work this way. Unfortunately Blockada does not yet support custom black-lists, only those pre-defined lists. But in general it is technically possible even on unrooted devices using a VPN based IP/DNS-blocker app.


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How to install my developed app into child account in Amazon Fire HD 8 Tablet?
I have developed an Android app in Android Studio (4.1.2) specifically for my two nieces. My brother in law has his account (admin account) and the account of the two girls (managed through parent control) in an Amazon Fire HD 8 Tablet.
I have managed to enable the development options in the account of my brother in law, I have successfully installed the app in the account of my brother in law but now I am stucked at the point on how to transfer the app to the accounts of both of my nieces. I am aware of this question, but in this particular case I am not able to see my developed app in the apps than could be transfered to the chosen child's account. How can I transfer my developed app to the children accounts in the Fire HD 8 Tablet? Is this even possible or does Amazon only allow for certain apps?
Any help is highly appreciated and probably valued with a lot a fun time by the girls :D

I don't know how profiles work in Fire HD, but have you tried this: adb shell pm install --user UID PKG where UID is the user id of the child profile.

Sorry, I have until today never used adb (I just started 3 weeks ago with app development in Android Studio). Is this a good place to start reading on that?

Yes, that's a good place. You can also read the wiki and highly voted and visited questions in our [tag:adb] tag. No need to be sorry. :-)

source: Stack Exchange

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

sort: votes


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How to install Team Win Recovery Project and Root Xiaomi Redmi Note 9
I need a tutorial on how to install TWRP and root my phone because I only found tutorials online for the PRO version
and as I was told I have to be very specific about my phone when installing anything root related including twrp
also can any of you recommend which root to use

root your phone with Magisk (no TWRP required) https://android.stackexchange.com/q/232584

how do I reply to comments? anyways @alecxs I WANT TWRP

@alecxs wait a sec, how do I find out if my note 9 is 4g? mobile data says 4g so is it 4g?
oh nvm 4g looks entirely different from the normal note 9

my model is exactly that but with SG at the end instead of SS which bascially means i have the upper hand (with NFC) over the SS model

after reading the whole thread again i am not sure, some people say it is not working for merlin, so maybe it works for merlinnfc https://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=4120935&page=2

all_licenses: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Punctuation in Google Voice typing on Android 11 in other than english language
I'm trying to use Google's voice typing but compared to iPhone it's really rude.
I'm already on Android 11. But it is still not able to detect my punctuation words, so everytime I want a . or , I need to stop the voice typing, switch back the keyboard to normal, enter the punctuation sign, and switch back to voice typing.
This requires as much effort that I turned off completely the dictation function.
Is it somehow possible to enter the word-mappings into the voice typing? I don't usually say "point" in a sentence for anything else but closing it.

Is it somehow possible to enter the word-mappings into the voice typing?

That's not currently possible with Gboard  voice typing. Make sure to enable the auto-punctuation: https://android.stackexchange.com/a/244528/12202


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WhatsApp chat export not working
Exporting WhatsApp chat doesn't work from Android (WhatsApp v2.21.1.16, Android 11).
When exporting a chat, it exports only partially (circa 20MB+/- 3MB). Exporting the same chat from an iPhone works fine.
Any ideas?
Can't wait to be rid of WhatsApp. Telegram all the way.

On Android, WhatsApp has a limitation on how many messages you can export.

When exporting with media, you can send up to 10,000 latest messages. Without media, you can send 40,000 messages. These constraints are due to maximum email sizes.  https://faq.whatsapp.com/android/chats/how-to-save-your-chat-history/?lang=en

You might be successful in transferring your chat to an iDevice or accessing the database of the backup on your computer.


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Newly set PIN doesn't unlock the screen
TL;DR
There was no screen lock. I tried setting 1234 as a PIN. Now the screen is locked, asking for a 4-digit PIN. 1234 won't unlock it. But it's the right PIN since trying any other PIN multiple times will completely lock the screen for 30 seconds, while 1234 won't. More weird stuff happened, see below.
What happened
Over the last few months I haven't used any screen lock on non-rooted my Xiaomi Redmi Note 6 Pro. (I had used a PIN as well as a PIN together with fingerprint recognition in the past, without any problems.) Yesterday I tried to manage some password saved at my Google account, and I got a prompt saying that I have to set a screen lock in order to continue. I agreed, I was presented with the screen lock options and I opted for a 4-digit PIN, let's say 1234, which I entered twice (the second one for confirmation). After that, I got back to the password manager of my Google account.
Fact #1: When I tried to manage some password, I got the same prompt as the first time, asking me to set a screen lock if I wanted to continue!
I agreed and I opted again for a PIN.
Fact #2: This time I was asked for my old PIN in order to set a new one, despite Fact #1!
Fact #3: 1234 was not accepted.
At that point I gave up, thinking that I could just manage my Google account passwords using some other device. And then I turned off my phone screen. And now the screen is locked, asking for a 4-digit PIN. If I enter any PIN other than 1234 then, after 5 attempts (or just 1 attempt if the process is repeated some times), I get a penalty of 30 seconds during which I'm not allowed to enter anything. But...
Fact #4: I can enter 1234 as many times as I want, without ever getting any penalty! But the screen won't get unlocked.
My questions

Is there any way to unlock my phone without losing my data?
If not, is there a way to copy the data from my phone before resetting it?
Out of curiosity, does anyone have any plausible hypothesis for what happened that is consistent with the forementioned Facts?

What I have tried

Rebooting the phone.
When I get the 30 second penalty, a "Forgot password?" button appears. But this only allows me to set a new lock after I erase all data on my device.
I visited www.google.com/android/find which presented my with three options: play sound, secure device, erase device. I selected the second one, hoping it would let me set a new screen lock, but it did no such thing.
I used the website of Google Play to install an app named Clear Mobile Password PIN Help on my device. This didn't seem to help either.
Connecting my phone to my PC via USB. Unfortunately it gets in the mode "Charging only". I tried running adb devices -l from my PC, on the off chance that I had the dev mode activated, but no luck.
Entering into Safe Mode. Again, 1234 won't unlock the screen.

I should note that for the last few weeks my device kept complaining of low storage space. At first I thought that this could be the source of the problem, but then I was able to install an app, my emails kept coming to the device (I can see the notifications), and I was able to shoot photos. So the storage isn't entirely full.

no plausible hypothesis, sounds like a major bug. what MIUI version is this? do you have bootloader unlocked?

Have you tried to reboot in safe mode? When rebooting press an holder the "Shut Down" button and you should get this option.

@alecxs I'm not sure about the MIUI version and I don't think I have a way to find out right now, right? I haven't unlocked anything, but I was able to go into fastboot mode by powering off my phone and then pressing and holding the power button together with the volume down button. Could that help?

fastboot is helpful if bootloader is unlocked. your device is locked, nothing you can do. Try safe mode as suggested

@Robert I just got into safe mode (I had to press and hold the volume button at when the loading screen appeared during booting), but no luck.

@alexcs Is there anything I can try when I get into safe mode other than entering the PIN?

there is a hacky way by-passing bootloader lock flashing modified splash partition from EDL mode for Redmi 5A. userdata partition is encrypted with default_password and TWRP can decrypt without PIN. unfortunately that method is not available for other devices, only expert could try. Nevertheless you can check micloud to get some data back


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Import pdf Files to Samsung Galaxy Tab S7
How do I import pdf files from my computer to my Galaxy Tab S7 5G?

You can just connect them using a USB cable.
Alternatively you can use Bluetooth (if your computer supports it), or upload the PDF files to the cloud (e.g. Google Drive), or send them via email to youself.


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How to enable USB Tethering without forcing me to use mobile data plan?
I wanted to tether my phone's connection to my pc via this old phone that I found. There's a setting for USB tethering, but when I turn it on, it says to turn on the mobile data? I went to the help thingy in the settings for the USB tethering and this showed what seen on the images below. Is there no way to stop forcing me to turn on my data just to share my connection to my pc?

Is it possible that the device that should be for tethering is a T-mobile (or a different MNO) branded device? Some MNOs restrict the tethering functionality. Also when asking question please always include what device (manufacturer + model name) you are talking about. Android devices are some times heavily modified by the manufacturer. Also it is always good the include the Andorid version it is running on.

Apologies if I've misunderstood your explanation. Tethering means to connect a device (in your case a PC) to your phone via USB cable so that the PC can use the phone's internet connection. Without data, your phone has no internet connection. I suspect you want to transfer files between the phone and the PC. If that is so, you don't need tethering. Just connect using USB cable and Android should offer options via notification what the connection is for (use media, transfer files etc) and the PC will also show the USB connection and offer options in the notification area.


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After a factory reset the restore of SMS, call-history etc. fails
I turned on "backup to google drive" using an account on a "legacy free edition of Google Apps" domain and then factory reset my Pixel 3. When I worked through the re-configuration, at the very end, the restore failed with a message saying "Couldn't finish restoring the backup". Several attempts at re-running this didn't change anything.

My working theory is that the failure is due to the default installed version of the apps in question, after a factory reset, being older than the version that created the backup before the factory reset. What is needed is to defer the restore-from-backup (which seems to be impossible to directly trigger once the initial setup is "done") until after they are all updated.
What ended up working was to do the following:

During the initial setup bypass adding an account at all and defer as much setup as possible (remind me later, skip, etc.). As soon as possible, get a home screen. (I just left the setup screens idle in the background.)
Once at a basic home screen,use the app update screen and prompt an immediate update of everything,
Wait for those updates to completely finish.
Then, add the primary account.
Finally, resumed the setup, hope and pray that that it will now attempt the restore from backup using the newly added account.

I'm likely missing a number of details so you may have to try this several times to figure out exactly what things take.
Another thing I did, which might have an effect, was to restore only the thing I actually needed, ... but my gut says that wasn't the big difference that made it work.

Your approach sounded promising, but unfortunately did not have any positive effect for me. There was also (in Android 13, so probably a few versions later than what you used) not much to update, while the rest required a login to the Google Account, which then of course kicks off the remaining flow we're trying to delay. So I updated those ~5 system apps, even rebooted once, then started the actual restore process, but it would still fail with the generic message.

This problem appears to be caused by Google Workspace domains which have policies set which require connected devices to have passwords/PINs/patterns. Which is the default for Workspace domains. But during initial setup on many phones, this happens before one has the chance to set a password/pin/pattern/whatever.
The method above presumably works because you have set up a PIN before trying to conenct a Google account - and it's probably the best way to do it.
An alternative solution, which I just followed successfully, is to turn off this requirement for the domain using the instructions at https://support.google.com/a/answer/6328679. This does, of course, require you to have permission to adjust admin settings for the Google domain.


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Controlling an Android phone's audio player via the buttons on the headset?
I am interested in finding documentation about controlling an Android phone's audio player (e.g. play/stop/skip forward 20 seconds) with the buttons on the phone's headset.  Based on my searches this doesn't seem to be a well-documented topic.
Is there another forum in which I should ask this question?
More specifically, I am shopping for a new Android cell phone (I am leaning toward a Moto G Power).  I use my phone as an audio player and would like to buy a phone that:

supports the use of the wired headset button(s) for such functions as play/stop/skip forward 30 seconds and;
supports the use of an app(s) [1]  that control the cell phone audio player and;
Performs 1 & 2 with a wireless headset.

Every few years I find myself looking for information on this topic and never seem to find much that is useful.
Ref.
[1] head set button controller apps such as ...https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.irishin.buttonsremapperhttps://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=flar2.homebutton
OLD-https://beebom.com/5-apps-to-control-and-tweak-your-headset-buttons-in-android/

Welcome to Android Enthusiasts! While we probably might help in solving the issue software-based approach, take note device recommendation is off-topic here. You might be interested in our sister site, Hardware Recommendations Stack Exchange, but please ensure to follow their guidelines to get the best device for your need.

From a hardware perspective, as can be seen here, all Android phones with 3.5mm jack are required to support the following functions: play/pause/hook (Short Press), Trigger Assist (Long Press), Next (Double Press). They can optionally also support: volume up/down. I believe that these days all new phones support all of them.
It's then up to each specific application (e.g. a music player) to make use of these capabilities. Here too, I also believe that most of them do. Of course you also need your headphones to come with the relevant buttons.


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Reading corrupted android internal memory sd card
Please I have a Huawei p8 lite phone and I mounted an sd card as internal storage since I don't money for phone with a bigger memory. After using it for months with most of my important documents inside, it's telling me that the sd card is corrupt and need to be formatted but I can't do that because of my stuffs inside. Please how can I access the card to save my data? I tried using huawei Hisuite, it installed on pc but can't install on my phone, telling me my device is outdated. Can I use p20 to do it, will this card from p8 be read in p20 or any possible way for me to save my data? Thanks so much.
Ps. I'v also installed an older version of Hisuite on my phone but it didn't work.

When formatted as internal the SD-card is encrypted and can only be read by the device that has encrypted it. Therefore all attempts to access it on a PC can not work by definition. You can only use the PC to make sure the whole SD-card can be read on raw level using a tool like Win32DiskImager.

buy another MicroSD Card and 1:1 clone with gddrescue. if you are lucky the new MicroSD Card is decryptable on unrooted device https://android.stackexchange.com/q/222394

@Robert wrote "When formatted as internal the SD-card is encrypted...". To clarify, for which versions of Android is that valid? All of them or just more recent ones?

@RockPaperLz-MaskitorCasket As far as I know this applies to every Android version. "When external storage media is adopted, it’s formatted and encrypted to only work with a single Android device at a time." ("with a single device" means that it is bound to the device).

@Robert Thank you, Robert, for the quote and the link.


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Retail Android devices with OOB multi-user ability?
I'm looking for an Android tablet that I can share between multiple users. From the little research I've done online, it looks like you can set up multiple users on an Android device, but it's a bit of a hack, and you have to get root access.
Are there any retail Android devices that support multiple users OOB? Or am I wrong about the difficulty level of enabling multi-user on any old Android tablet?

Why do you think a rooted device is needed? Most Android devices support multiple user profiles. However this system has it's limitations. And some manufacturer may disable the multi-user option on certain devices.

See the comments here : How can I know which android phones support multiple users profiles?

Hi, take note that device recommendation is off-topic here. You might be interested in our sister site, Hardware Recommendations Stack Exchange, but please ensure to follow their guidelines to get the best device for your need.


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How to shred deleted files to prevent data recovery?
Is there a good way for shredding my Android's free space to ensure data cannot be recovered? I want to permanently shred my deleted files in free space. I have heard of secure eraser and ishredder.

https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/231132/is-there-alternative-to-the-shred-unitlity-for-android#comment303472_231132

Managed flash memory
Most smartphones use managed eMMC memory which means the flash chip itself is performing the flash wear leveling (the eMMC chip has a small CPU integrated which performs the wear leveling). Effectively this means that you can not shred anything on such flash chips. If you try to overwrite a the data blocks that belongs to a file the newly written data is simply redirected to a new position in flash memory. Therefore the original data still exists but can no longer be accessed through the file-system.
The only way to erase at least large parts of the data with a high probability is to totally use-up all free space by writing one or more large files that use up all free space. But be careful - some devices "don't like it" if all flash memory is used (device crash, does not boot, ...). Therefore it is better to spare some KB and leave it unused.
The only safe way to totally erase data on a modern Android smartphone is to perform a factory reset. As modern Android devices are encrypted by default by performing a factory reset you erase and regenerate the encryption key (at least this is the way it should work).
Unmanaged flash memory
On some simple/cheap Android system it may happen that the flash wear leveling is not implemented inside the eMMC memory itself. Instead those devices use unmanaged flash memory and implement wear leveling in software inside the file-system driver. This require special file-systems that include the wear leveling such as YAFFS/YAFFS2/JFFS2. On such systems it would be possible with root permissions to really overwrite and therefore erase data of one specific file.

I found some articles telling about overwriting the free space with random data. So according to u this doesn't work(that data will end up in new space), and they are wrong right?

I have done shredding before by those apps and in the middle of shredding my system shows me storage running out notification. Is it for that thing?

I think they overwrite the whole free space with random data, not specifically. Am I right?

And I used termux. There is a command for shredding files and deleting. Any idea about this?

@learner5482 Would you mind telling us the "termux command for shredding files"? Otherwise it is difficult to say anything about it.

I used it long time ago but I think it is shred. --help for more....

@learner5482: The manual for shred explicitly warns that it only works if the system overwrites files in place.

@user2357112supportsMonica O, it says that the file system itself will do the overwriting by getting the shred command, not the application. It works in android? Which type of file system does android own?

@learner5482: "Runs with no error messages" and "works" are very different things. It might have looked like it worked, but it almost certainly didn't.

Thanks for clearing my misunderstanding.

Connected my phone to Ubuntu via USB tethering. Tried wipe -rfiqQ 1 filename. Got open error: Operation not supported. Opened the file in VIM, deleted few characters and tried saving. Got "Can't open file for writing" error. rm -rf filename worked. But from this answer I understand that the original file is still there. Why didn't wipe work, but rm did? Isn't there ANY way to ensure that I can shred a particular file I choose (without installing an external app)? I hope something is done to fix this problem.

@JohnDavid Most likely you use MTP virtual file system. MTP is a crap protocol by MS. Don't use it, use adb instead. If your device uses File Based Encryption then deleting should be enough, as every file has an own encryption key which is erased when deleting the file. This makes recovery very very complicated as file carving becomes impossible.


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How do I use ADB Input Events for users, other than phone owner?
I can easily automate input events using something like this:
adb shell input tap 300 300

And I am doing this, indeed, to automate configs exporting process for some owner installed apps.
Although, I would like to automate configs exporting process for apps installed by other phone users, but I had no success, so far. This is because other users can't enable ADB.
My phone is using Android 9 (Lineage OS).

@alecxs When I use ADB Input Events, the command is only going to work for user 0. I want to be able to use for users 11 and 12, for example.

so your question is how to enable usb-debugging for multi-user?

if that allows me to use input for other users: yes

https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.singlebyte.devshortcut

@alecxs I really apreciate it but there's nothing I can do, since I don't know how to enable developer options for secondary users on Lineage 16. <3

the app does not work?

@alecxs no because developer options are not enabled for the secondary user I tried installing the app. I also have tried enabling developers tools by tapping "build number" many times...


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Enhancing PDF (handwritten text)
I scanned many handwritten sheets (written by using a pencil and scanned by using a PC software), and I'm wondering if there is a way to enhance the handwritten text quality: the text is grey and there is some colored figures.
My goal is to make the text darker.

Hello. Why don't you try enhancement before committing scan into a pdf? Enhancing images are easier than doing that to a pdf.

Hi, take note that questions directly asking for app recommendations are off-topic. Instead, we prefer the asker to just state the underlying problem that they want to solve and not putting any restriction for apps-only, so we'd appreciate it if you could [edit] the question, add some details and/or remove the restriction. Otherwise, you might be interested in our sister site, Software Recommendations Stack Exchange instead.

Hello @AndrewT. could you tell me if the edit is ok please?

Hi @Firelord that process requires more time; in a photocopy shop the scanning is done by using an automatic machine.


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Undo effects of adb screenrecord
I tried out the screenrecord command through adb and executed it while my device was still locked (not sure if thats what caused it).
Now my lockscreen is in landscape mode with black bars around the side, and I can't use my touchscreen. I tried rebooting, but the problem persists. I currently can't use my device because of this, does anyone know how I can resolve this?

I finally manage to fix it using adb shell wm size reset


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FAILED (remote: Partition should be flashed in fastbootd) PIXEL 3XL Android 11 FAILED (remote: 'Operation not permitted')
Could someone help me with the following problem:
I want to flash my pixel 3XL with AOSP precompiled images in android 11, but it gives me this error:

I have fastboot version 1: 8.1.0 + r23-5 ~ 18.04
and adb version:
Android Debug Bridge version 1.0.39
Version 1: 8.1.0 + r23-5 ~ 18.04
I have a problem when executing fastboot flash on my pixel 3xl, it returns the following error:
Writing sparse 'system_a' 4/6                      FAILED (remote: 'Operation not permitted')

someone help me with this error.


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How to determine default enabled permissions for for pre-installed applications?
Many Android apps that are pre-installed by manufacturers have extensive and intrusive requested permissions.
When looking at the permissions of each app via Settings > Apps, some of the permissions are allowed by default, while others are not allowed.
How does one determine which of the requested permissions were allowed by default on a non-rooted device?

Related: Listing permissions of Android application via adb

You may find my app helpful: https://github.com/mirfatif/PermissionManagerX

@IrfanLatif Thank you Irfan, I'll hoping to have time to take a look.


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Bluetooth disconnects with Miracast
When I share my phone screen with an LG monitor through Miracast, the Bluetooth disconnects and I need to reconnect it to keep the music playing.
How do I stop this?

This is behavior-by-design, although a choice to the user in this would be nice. If your phone's casting settings don't offer an option to keep BT enabled, than you can only look for a workaround. A reasonable workaround is to have an automation app automatically connect to you BT device once disconnected. The problem is the trigger: how to detect screen is being casted?


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How to delete file completely?
It's not a duplicate, because this question isn't about shredding files that already deleted, it's about deleting them in the first place in a way that recovery software wouldn't find it.
I delete photos, but this software FindMyPhoto still recovers them. I think photos are really deleted, and those that restored are thumbnails, because when I restore them they doesn't look that sharp. I delete photos through the Gallery application. I tried to clean Gallery app cache, that doesn't help.
I tried to use firmware (preinstalled by manufacturer) that cleans Android of junk (like cache etc), but the application above still finds it. And I don't know how to completely remove the files. It's like I've got a device with undeletable files and starting really hate Android (it's really betrayal and annoying behavior).
So if you could recommend some application may be (preferably from a well known company or free software, like those  from F-Droid repository) I would appreciate it. Thanks.

@Firelord i think that is a follow-up question of this one https://android.stackexchange.com/q/231132

it is still a mystery to me, this app does not restore anything on my device (rooted, no encryption). if you delete a file via rm from terminal and clear gallery app data, the file is gone

@alecxs Yes, it'a a fllow-up of those question. I knew I'd better do not buy Chinese phone (Xiaomi).

You could take a look at my corresponding app list. Though due to wear-leveling on flash storage, I always wonder if those apps even can work.

This question is still missing relevant information: 1. What files do you try to delete (where are they located, path, partition, ...). 2. How do you delete those files? Which command or app do you use to delete those files? 3. Have you made sure that the delete command was really executed? reboot the device and use adb to check if the files really have been deleted (and not just moved some sort of trash).

@Robert I think photos are really deleted, and those that restored are thumbnails, because when I restore them they doesn't look that sharp. I delete photos through the Gallery application. I tired to clean Gallery app cache, that doesn't help.

btw i really think it matters if you clear gallery app data (not just gallery cache). also try 'rm -r /storage/emulated/0/.thumbnails' (not sure if exist)

Thumbnails are separate files from the actual pictures on many phones. They are usually hidden from many apps because they are located in a directory (or subdirectory of one) that also contain a hidden file named .nomedia

@alecxs hard to find how to delete data, not cache. May be it's because I have MIUI. And there is no /storage/emulated/0/.thumbnails file or directory.

@svin83 I deleted .nomedia from .../cache of Gallery app, it did absolutely nothing. How about .../uil-images/journal file?

Deleting the .nomedia file in a directory will only un-hide media files in that directory and all subdirectories... That means those files (if any) will also show up in your gallery... It won't delete thumbnails... I never said it would...

@svin83 it seems they haven't appeared.

Well stop using the gallery to delete what the gallery tells you isn't there... Use a REAL file manager to delete images and thumbnails and then go clear the gallery app cache in Android settings->Apps->"Gallery app name"->Storage... Then use the "clear cache" button...

MIUI Gallery creates thumbnails in
/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/com.miui.gallery/files/gallery_disk_cache/full_size
/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/com.miui.gallery/files/gallery_disk_cache/small_size

Some versions of MIUI Gallery do not even delete thumbnails when pictures are deleted.
Unlike for user apps MIUI does not provide the Clear Data button for system apps. The Clear Cache button does not wipe app data, therefore one need 3rd Party app to Clear Data (Link2SD can do it)

Once you deleted files from
/storage/emulated/0/Android

such apps like FindMyPhoto and similar stop working, as they don't really undelete files.


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How can I permanently assign a static IP address to Wi-Fi clients? (Lineage OS 17.1 Android 10)
My phone Moto X 4 has LineageOS 17.1 installed and is rooted with magisk. I use the phone's hot spot as main mean to connect to the internet.
In this scenario the android device acts as DHCP server, therefore distributing random IP addresses in the 192.168.43.0/24 sub range. I would like to assign static IP addresses to my devices, then i can connect to them trough SSH easily. The clementine android remote also requires my laptop to be available on a fixed IP.
I do not like to carry a travel router for this basic network ability.
On android 9 this was possible by setting up the dnsmasq.conf file, setting the file permissions and configuring SELinux rules.
This workaround helped me to set it up.

Android uses dnsmasq as its DHCP/DNS server (up to Pie). So create the configuration file /etc/dnsmasq.conf with option dhcp-host=<MAC>,<IP>.

Android 10 deprecated dnsmasq DHCP server in favor of Java implementation which we cannot configure by simply editing a file. Creating hotspot from commandline should work though: How to create a wifi hotspot from the terminal? unless a better solution is found.

There's a setting in global namespace: tether_enable_legacy_dhcp_server but it's meant to be used only for tests. On Android 11, however, it seems that device_config put connectivity tether_enable_legacy_dhcp_server true should do the trick: https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Connectivity/+/refs/tags/android-mainline-11.0.0_r4/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringConfiguration.java#435. But I haven't tested.

@IrfanLatif it seems that the most convenient way to achieve static IPs would be to ask the android device for it. Using the debian network-manager tool nm-connection-editor and set up a static IP to the tethered connection. I just don't know if that would conflict with the randomized tethering IP that has been introduced with android 9.

You are talking about Requested IP Address option sent in DHCPDISCOVER message. Yes that should work with any standard DHCP server implementation. But if you control all of the clients and don't mind manually configuring them, then there's no need to use DHCP at all. Set a static IP address on each client and disable DHCP client service. But if even one of the clients is using DHCP, the IP conflict may occur and DHCP server may refuse the requested IP address.

DHCP  is Dynamic Hosting Control Protocol. It give you dynamic IP address. Static IP address you need to lease. DHCP server give ip address to host, it is not static.
You can assign IP address. Go to setting / connection / select network / manage network setting / Advance option. Here you can give static IP address.
After Question Update.
Go to Wi-Fi / setting / Advance networking / DHCP IP reservation / Here add static IP address and also select device for static IP address.
Network admin use static IP address for shared device like ZEROX machine printer.

Thank you for your answer. This would be ideal. Still, I do not have this settings, witch phone and what version of lineageOS are you using?

This may not be in built OS option. I have done on Google Wi-Fi app. Some router and hub driver software has such setting.

I think there's a small language barrier/translation, here. But, just to clear, static addresses generally do not need to be "approved" by the DHCP server. There are serval ways around it, generally through "static mapping" - but, ideally, your static maps and your DHCP pools should not overlap.

As a workaround, you can likely convince each individual device to request the same IP address, or set them statically. I understand this may be a PITA if you havemany devices, though.
That said, setting a LONG lease time may also help mitigate issues, as devices wait until half way through their lease before they re-request a lease. They also default for asking for the previously used IP address, first, the next time they reconnect... it's up to the DHCP server to confirm that request, however.

thanks. As a workaround i assign an additional static IP in Linux. On android I set a static IP if possible. I did not have a conflict so far. Still, it's not a valid answer.

i think this is how my previous set up worked with android <9. I just connected to the hotspot once and on every subsequent reconnection, i got the same IP assigned. It is not working after i flashed with a later Custom ROM(android 11)


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Redmi note 8 - black screen won't turn on
I bought a cheap and broken Redmi note 8, the previous owner told me it won't charge. When I got it in my hands I tried turning it on and it vibrates, turn the led on for a second but no image. (this looked weird as usually phones shows a dead battery logo or something in the screen)
I left it charging for a while to see if something happens. The led light turned on as if it was charging so now I doubt it is a charging board issue.
I saw some videos of a trick of factory reset pressing volume up and down and power buttons for 12 seconds, others mention different combination of buttons but neither of them seemed to work. The phone vibrates a few random times, I can't tell if it's turning on or anything.
Now I think it's either the screen or some problem in the logic board. What do you think? Am I missing something? Is there any way to diagnose either of these things without buying a screen replacement?
Thanks for the help.

connect to linux PC and check which mode is detected with lsusb from terminal. regardless display is broken you should still be able to enter fastboot mode. if display is working the phone might be in diagnostic or emergency download mode. if you are talking about Pro model SP Flash Tool might detect preloader mode

You can clean battery connector point. Try another battery.
Check display connection.
Connect mobile to computer use USB cable for 20 minutes.
Disconnect mobile and again connect computer. If you see battery icon. then mobile is charging.
Use power and volume button to start mobile in recovery mode. Then select safe mode.


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Kindle Fire Utility Not Installing Google Apps
So I recently rooted my Kindle Fire using the Kindle Fire Utility, the root has seemingly installed correctly but when I go to install the google apps I get errors and when I double checked the apps are definitely not installed on the kindle
the error I'm getting is here
Error:
cannot find archive
su: permission denied
su: permission denied
su: permission denied
can't find 'apps\data\GoogleServicesFramework.apk' to install
can't find 'apps\data\com.gau.go.launcherex-1.apk' to install
can't find 'apps\data\com.facebook.katana-1.apk' to install
can't find 'apps\data\com.google.android.apps.googlevoice-1.apk' to install
can't find 'apps\data\com.google.android.apps.plus-1.apk' to install
can't find 'apps\data\SyncSettings.apk' to install
can't find 'apps\data\Calendar.apk' to install
cannot stat 'apps\system\vending.apk': No such file or directory
cannot stat 'apps\system\GoogleCalendarSyncAdapter.apk': No such file or directory
cannot stat 'apps\system\GoogleContactsSyncAdapter.apk': No such file or directory
su: permission denied
su: permission denied
su: permission denied
rm failed for /data/local/vending.apk, No such file or directory
rm failed for /data/local/GoogleCalendarSyncAdapter.apk, No such file or directory
rm failed for /data/local/GoogleContactsSyncAdapter.apk, No such file or directory
su: permission denied
su: permission denied
su: permission denied

I'm assuming this means that the su didt work or needs addition permission but I have SU set to "always allow"

The tool(s) you are using seem to be pretty old (at least the 7zip version is heavily outdated  and insecure). And the script seems to be designed bad as it does not stop after the first error cannot find archive. Check the script what it tries to do that causes this error and fix it. I would assume it is trying to download a OpenGApps package which fails so that of course nothing can be installed.


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Are there any issues with allowing the KLMS Agent app (part of Samsung KNOX) to be restricted by Data Saver?
I use the "Data Saver" feature to extend battery life and to prevent/reduce apps from accessing the internet when the phone/tablet is sleeping and when they are not supposed to be running.  Note that I'm not sure if that feature is an Android or OEM feature.
To accomplish this, I go to:
Settings > Apps > Special Access > Allow app while Data Saver on > Show system apps
and deselect every app... currently with the sole exception of KLMS Agent.
The only reason I do not deselect KLMS Agent is because I do not fully understand its purpose, and if there are any consequences of preventing it from being "allowed" while Data Saver is on.
From what I've researched, KLMS Agent is part of KNOX security, which is pre-installed on most (all?) Samsung Android devices.  I've read a bit about KNOX, and I've never had the time to fully understand all of the details about it.  Plus, I think it's closed-source, which makes it almost impossible to truly fully understand.
Are there any downsides or issues with deselecting KLMS Agent in the Allow app while Data Saver on list, thus allowing KLMS Agent to be restricted by Data Saver?


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My battery life dropped from approximetely 20 hours to less than 15 hours, how to find who is responsible?
My Samsung Galaxy S20 battery lifetime was up to 20 hours per one charge. The I have probably installed some apps, and the time is dropped to less than 15 hours. The phone is clearly warm during the day. It is definitely doing something. How to know what namely?
GSam battery monitor told it can't determine power consumption on per application basis.
Can I see processor usage or something?

I gave permissions to GSam and it showed, that most consumption is from Android system itself. Can some application add module to the system, which consumes power?

What about the built-in battery monitor in Android settings?

@Robert it is very poor and doesn't answer the question.

Therefore it is an comment and not an answer. You have enough rep to know how Stackexchange works. But the battery usage monitor included in settings is a system app and therefore has special permissions. No app that you can install have access to that much data like a system app. Therefore my question is more than valid. Ignoring the most valuable source of information is a bad idea. Therefore I was asking.

Have you looked at similar questions on this site already? From the "related" section: Android smartphone battery suddenly drained twice as fast than usual; from your tags: our battery-life tag wiki links quite a lot matches, like How can I tell what is really draining my battery? // How can I monitor the device battery consumption? // What can I do to increase battery life on my Android device?. Other questions using that tag might hold additional help.

PS: I'd also check network stats. Some of your new apps might be busy even when you're not using them. Especially on Play Store, most of the apps are pretty "stuffed" with ad libraries and such (one of the reasons I prefer getting mine from F-Droid).

@Izzy multiplicity of answers proves that there is no (final) answer. The question is simple: something is eating my power. How to pinpoint it?

Dims, the multiplicity of answers gives you different approaches to find out. Those answers have already been given, which is why we link to them instead of repeating them. Only the person with the device in hand can tell which one it is. Going by the 3rd screenshot I'd say something urgently wants to sync something and gets stuck in a loop, keeping the device awake. But what it is would probably require logcat to look at. You could just disable account sync and see if that has an effect, then if so, try those syncs one by one until you found the culprit.


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How to transfer Triviador World app so as not to lose the progress from one device to another without rooting
I try to transfer Triviador World app so as not to lose the progress from Lenovo (K6 Note) to a Motorola device.
I tried this by using the app Helium. However I found that this up is not compatible with Motorola. So I need something else.
Would you like to share your knowledge in this regard.

Are you talking about this game? https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.thxgames.triviador If yes this game seems to allow local backup via adb as well as backup into Google cloud.

In fact, I want to transfer Triviador Romania as well as Triviador World

How can I do this via google cloud? @Robert

Your Lenovo device is a bit old, not sure if cloud backup was already that good on Android 6. Have a Google account active on the device and enable backup to cloud. Then set-up the new device using the same Google account. In the set-up phase the device should ask if data should be restored.


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What is "MMI Group" app?
On my Samsung Galaxy Tab A, there is an app in the app settings called "MMI Group" and it takes lots of permissions. When researching, lots of users also have this app that takes lots of permissions, so it could be some test to see if all the permissions work or something, but it seems VERY sketchy and you can only force stop, that's it. But when researching, someone else said they contacted support and it was not a preinstalled app which is extremely sketchy. I have scanned my tablet with Malwarebytes though and I don't install sketchy things.
So, when looking, someone found the app on phones in the store, so I think it's just some weird app that gets installed a lot and maybe it's from the Google Play Store or Google, I don't know.
But the point is you can't uninstall or stop the app from using permissions, and it says that the app is needed for the system.

It is a system app coming preinstalled on many devices (especially Samsung's). Probably meant to deal with MMI codes, see eg this article for some background.

I found the following information on MMI Group and I'm still puzzled as to why it's on my phone: https://www.linkedin.com/company/mmi-group-it-holding-company

According to Samsung Support Chat,

Sylvie
This is a pre-installed app then which is included with device firmware.
Sylvie
It is actually a Samsung Electronics app used for syncing devices at home so you can control everything with your phone.
Sylvie
The pre installed apps which are included with the firmware can't be uninstalled.

According to OP's 2nd revision of the question (with copyedit),

When I went on Malwarebytes, I discovered that it said:

It's a system app
Updated: Dec 31, 2008
This date is the same for automation test, some priv. something, and things like what's new, media storage, and lots of others.

In conclusion:
This is a pre-installed app. I don't know why someone said the customer support said it didn't, there is a company called MMI group and I think the app is some kind of test or something. It is pretty sketchy, but Malwarebytes is fine with it.


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Can applications access users information without having ( camera , microphone or etc) permissions?
I recently became very suspicious of apps.  And a few questions have occupied my mind, please help me

Is there any way that an application can access the camera without having the camera permission in the settings? (Android 9 and above)
Can an app use intent to use the camera without the user's knowledge? (And take photos and videos of the user?)

yes those things are possible, though less than likely to occur unless you already have been significantly compromised, a new vulnerability is discovered, or you face an an adversary well beyond your defenses (law enforcement, nation-state actors, etc). there have been numerous headlines about this kind of thing over the years, like the school system admin who could activate the cameras on kids assigned laptops without any lights, or the mob boss who was convicted in part from evidence recorded by his phone while it was off.

An app wanting a picture to be taken can send an intent to  the camera app to take the picture and send it back (see https://developer.android.com/training/camera/photobasics). However, I don't know whether Android 9 and above allows a Camera app or an app with camera permissions to take pictures in the background (it was possible in Android 7 and below for sure).


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Samsung galaxy a10 overheating
My Samsung galaxy a10 keeps giving overheating notification but phone is almost cold.
Any solution?

May be it is a wrong translation and should be a "temperature warning" (because of a temperature too low or too high)?


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I ejected SD card through phone before factory resetting BUT card is empty. How can I recover this?
Just before I factory reset my Motorola G3 I pressed “eject SD card” through the settings. (I didn’t remove the card from the phone though) Now everything the from SD card (media/photos) are gone. What happened and how can I recover this?!
PS. I used it as a portable storage, not internal. Also, I didn’t even get the option of deleting the SD card.
Please help.

insert in card reader and recover on pc with any recovery software

@alecxs Aren't sd cards encrypted a little bit as they are first formatted on Android?

try Zero Assumption Recovery or GetDataBack for FAT


text:
Can applications access users information without having permissions?

When i scan apps with
Am pre_release Some apps have this access, which is in the photo. My question is, what is this access?  Can you explain about it first?  And in the second place While camera permission is closed for the app ( in setting )
It can use the camera without user's knowledge or not? And if  app can not use it directly, is it possible to do this through intent?

your picture is pretty much self-explaining. once revoked, the app will ask again until granted. in your example the pkgname is 'android' (no app)


text:
Can't Unlock Phone Because Don't know Work Profile Password
I can't unlock my Samsung S10e after enabling my company's work profile. I learned from here that this is because my work profile password has usurped my personal passcode for my unlock screen. Further complicating things is that I restarted my phone and everything is very locked down. Is there any way I can either remove the work profile or at least access the files on the phone before I do a factory reset?
I have tried called my company's tech support but they claim that what has happened cannot happen and when I ask them to reset the work profile password (which I never knew and none of my work passwords work), they say that they don't have that ability. They have claimed that they have revoked my phone's permissions to have a work profile, but the problem still persists. I have tried letting my phone die and then charging it back up to see if maybe it was some kind of caching issue. No dice.
Does anyone have any ideas? As long as I can recover the data on the phone I'm will to try jail breaking it or basically anything.
Edit: For clarity, this is my personal device and my company requires a work profile to use various apps with my company issued email address. That is why I enabled it when prompted.

I assume we are talking about your private device, not a company owned own. Is activating your work profile allowed in your company? Did you follow the instructions provided by your company to enable work profile on your device? If yes then your tech support is responsible. Get them the device and demand to make it work again without deleting your personal data. If there is a labor union in your company I would contact them because if the company makes your private device inaccessible this is a serious incident.

Yes this is a private device. They claim that it's not their fault and that my device manufacturer is to blame. I have even less power to do much since of course adding the work profile was an optional thing. There were no instructions really. I just followed the prompts when I saw that I had to use a work profile to access something I wanted to access on my phone. I have no union. Honestly, if I had any recourse in my company I would have taken it, but IT support is outsourced and the nature of a mega corp is I don't have direct access to many people who could help

"They have claimed that they have revoked my phone's permissions to have a work profile" - now your data is unrecoverable. check your clouds for backup

https://android.stackexchange.com/q/233689

Is there really no way to get at the data on the phone? I know the passcode (which is a password) to my phone on my personal profile. Is there really no way I can access the data on my phone when I know this piece of information. It feels unbelievable


text:
Removing lag without restarting Android
I'm using OP6T Oxygen OS (Android 10).
After scrolling through lot of data, the phone becomes a bit laggy. Restarting fixes it. Is there a quick fix without restarting?'
Any tips?

Does this lag occur independently of the apps you use for "scrolling lot of data"? Have you tried killing the used app or all apps? Are all apps affected by this lag or only the one you used for scrolling?

If this is a system wide problem than OnePlus has to issue a patch. You would have to ask/complaint on their forums though. Pretty much nothing (short of trying a different kernel maybe) you can do to fix this.

@Robert I think it can be due to cpu temperature rise perhaps because it happens in all apps though after a long time of rapid continuous scrolling for eg. twitter and likes. I'll try this next time to let the phone rest and check. Will update the findings


text:
Updater process ended with ERROR: 1 [TWRP]
I was using Pixel experience 10.0 on Redmi 5A (Riva) and I decided to clean install Pixel experience 11.0 today. But I'm getting the following error on TWRP.
Installing zip file '/sdcard/Pixel Experience Riva 11.0.zip'
Checking for Digest file...
assert failed: riva.verify_trustzone("TZ.BF.4.0.5-157266") == "1"
Updater process ended with ERROR: 1
Error installing zip file '/sdcard/Pixel Experience Riva 11.0.zip'
Updating partition details...
...done

Note that:

I formatted the device with TWRP and wiped System, Dalvik, Data, Cache partitions.
I was using Pixel Experience before and my Bootloader is unlocked.
Previous version of the ROM (Pixel experience 10.0) is installing successfully.
My TWRP version is 3.4.0-0, and latest version of TWRP (3.5.0_9-0) doesn't support on the device.

wrong tz partition (and probably more)

How to fix it? Is it a problem of ROM?

yes, underlaying stock ROM version mismatch. read the installation instructions

I did that already, but I think I had 7.1.1 way before. Do I have to install the stock ROM again?

restore backup or install previous pixel version. or edit updater-script in zip file (remove the assert line)

I fixed this by installing this zip. Then I installed the ROM.
Official guide link
Thanks @alecxs


text:
"Official" vs "Unofficial" custom ROM from the XDA forums?
I have a Lenovo Vibe K5 Plus(a6020a46 3GB RAM variant) which I'd like to root and install a custom ROM on.
On the XDA forum dedicated to custom ROMS for this device there is a plethora of options including some marked "Official" and some "Unofficial".
Should I choose the "Unofficial" build of 'LineageOS', which as I understand is the most popular ROM, so maybe it will have the best community support? Other popular "Unofficial" builds include 'Pixel Experience' and 'Orange Fox.'
Or should I choose one of the "Official" build like that of 'Arrow OS' though it is not that popular?
Will a more popular but "Unofficial" ROM provide better community and hardware support or will an "Official" ROM build be better in terms of support and stability?
A related thread I found on XDA forums talks about the differences in Official and Unofficial ROMs but it is for the same ROM(eg: diferent versions of Paranoid Android). Also the the thread does not address the issue that I have asked about.
I am still quite new to all things Android so please give your valuable suggestions on how I can improve my knowledge and questions posted here.

that is up to your opinion and can't be answered. personally i prefer the state 'stable' over 'un/official'

Which ROM works better in terms of support and stability depends mainly on the person(s) maintaining it. Official builds usually have the advantage that there is a public GIT repository where all changes are documented and can be checked (and best if there is an automated build process that builds the ROM based on this repo). Unofficial builds are often just the binary image you can install. Hence you have to trust the person blindly what is inside.


text:
Should I choose a custom ROM with or without GApps?
This may be considered an extension of a question I recently posted.
Does an appstore like F-Droid offer the same variety as the Google Play Store? What if I need a Google app(like the appstore,maps,google app etc.) later on, do I need to do any "Flashing" to separately install them?
Will it be better to use a custom ROM version with Gapps or try to live without Google first?
I did try searching around online but there seems to be nothing substantial.
Please provide your valuable suggestion on how I can improve my questions here since I am still very new to Android-rooting as well as Stack Exchange.

ROMs with built-in GApps are illegal because of license restrictions of GApps. The common way is to flash a ROM and then if you want also flash the desired OpenGApps package (IMHO the maximum desiderable package is "micro" - everything else can be installed from PlayStore if you really want it; mini, full, and higher are just a waste of space).

F-Droid only host open-source apps. without google play store (vending) you can still install any apk file from untrusted sources. But apps might not work as expected because google play services (gms) is the core of android providing all APIs most apps rely on. https://github.com/microg/GmsCore/wiki


text:
Installing google play services from APKmirror by command line
APKmirror provides many modern apps as split apk tar files. For example, if I want to install the android webview apk, I can download it from here, and un-tar the .apkm file to produce the following split apk:
├── APKM_installer.url
├── META-INF
├── base.apk
├── icon.png
├── info.json
├── split_config.en.apk
├── split_config.es.apk
├── split_config.fi.apk
├── split_config.fr.apk
├── split_config.iw.apk
├── split_config.ja.apk
├── split_config.pt.apk
├── split_config.ru.apk
├── split_config.sv.apk
├── split_config.th.apk
└── split_config.zh.apk

This split apk can be installed with:
adb install-multiple -r -g -t <directory>/*.apk

However, for APKmirror's google play services found here, when I untar I get this:
├── AndroidManifest.xml
├── META-INF
├── assets
├── build-data.properties
├── classes.dex
├── classes2.dex
├── classes3.dex
├── classes4.dex
├── classes5.dex
├── classes6.dex
├── classes7.dex
├── com
├── googledata
├── lib
├── org
├── res
├── resources.arsc
└── stamp-cert-sha256

This looks more like an .aab file, however it is missing the required BundleConfig.pb file.
What type of app format it this, and how can I turn it into a split apk that can be installed easily?

The answer is:

This is apk app format
I can install by just renaming the download from .apkm to .apk.

Thanks to Robert for pointing this out!


text:
How to change bluetooth maximum volume with mixer_paths.xml?
As question title, I want to change the bluetooth overall volume doing some changes in mixer_paths.xml (if possible). The problem is, that I don't know what variable to change.
With the same phone, but different ROMs, the output voltage of bluetooth receiver vary from 0.8Vrms to 1.1Vrms. The bluetooth device is an LDAC / AptX -> I2S -> DAC, which should be able to output a good 2Vrms of voltage, but I can't fully exploit it.


text:
Why is Android rooting not as fragmented as iOS jailbreaking?
For Android rooting these days, it appears that Magisk is dominant, though there are some alternatives mostly for older versions of Android, e.g., CF-Auto-Root.
However, in iOS, there appear to be more options, e.g., checkra1n, unc0ver, and Chimera for iOS 12 and up (with specific exclusions), and a number of other jailbreaks for older versions of iOS.
Am wondering why this is the case? It seems that Android rooting is more narrowly focused on providing admin privileges, whereas iOS jailbreaks also bypass locked bootloader (Android phones typically just allow users to unlock the bootloader), and sideload apps, besides the admin privileges. So, one might expect there to be more alternatives for Android?
Or is it because Magisk is so good, that there is less need for alternatives?

you have answered the question yourself. android unlocking is official supported (except for huawei, amazon and some carrier locked phones). apple does not support development scene at all (closed-source)

I'm not sure I answered the question myself. As you said, since android unlocking is officially supported, then why don't more developers create alternatives for android rooting? Many people prefer to just use magisk or to developer modules for magisk?

got your point. but there is no company with commercial interest, only some geeks spending free time. there is no benefit of reinventing the wheel. these four common solutions are more or less just improvements of each other. Ask yourself why don't you develop another root solution? ;)

origin systemless-root method was formulated by chainfire, until he lost interest and abandoned. so we can see topjohnwu as successor, luckily he decided to keep all open source so others may take over one day. dees troy also becomes more and more busy with real life. customizing scene will flatten because lack of geeks and benefit of rooting, finally die when google decides to ignore linus torvalds rules completely and follow the apple strategy

Magisk is not comparable to an iOS jailbreak, because Magisk simply relies on an existing possibility to access a device on root level so that it can access and modify the flash memory directly (e.g. on an bootloader unlocked device via custom recovery ROM or an existing su/root access).
Instead iOS jailbreaks first have to execute complicated exploit chain just to get root access. Furthermore current jailbreaks are non-persistent, which means the bootloader and the kernel can't be permanently changed. Therefore an iOS jailbreak requires way more effort for reaching a same "state" at run-time that Magisk provides on Android.
This means in the end the jailbreaks have to be adapted to the iOS version and every jailbreak also has some disadvantages depending on the way the device is exploited.
Such problems are unknown to Magisk and therefore Magisk is way simpler to install.

Thanks for the informative answer, Robert. But that still leaves the question I asked - why don't we see more alternatives for android rooting out there? Why not other systemless root eco-systems out there, that might be comparable to magisk? Is it a case that the challenge of iOS jailbreaking just attracts more talent/interest for people who are inclined to work on such projects?

@auspicious99 My personal opinion is that is simply because Magisk is an open source project so everybody can collaborate and changes by the community are accepted. Where as on iOS side the Jailbreaks or usually only partially open source and to my experience releases are more "fire and forget" - which means that user feedback and changes are ignored (may be different among the different jailbreaks). Therefore on iOS the different jailbreak teams do not collaborate much at least this is how it looks to me.


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Do a Factory Reset on an HTC Desire 530 with a missing Recovery
I got an HTC Desire 530 for free with the data of the previous owner and I want to completely wipe it. The thing is, the device for some reason does not has the Recovery environment, which the 530 needs to do a factory reset.
How can I restore an HTC Desire 530 with a missing recovery? (either via installing a 3rd party Recovery like TWRP)

Comments are not for extended discussion; this conversation has been moved to chat.

@alecxs I have undeleted the room. It was auto deleted. Try that chat room link again.


text:
Tab A 10.1 Unknown pattern required after update
System update was recently completed. After the update, the tablet now requires a pattern to sign in but one has never been used on this device. It also requires a pattern to turn off or reset so a hard reset can't be performed.
I managed a soft rest (power + vol down) but that's only made things worse as now it's not logged in to a google or samsung account so remote erasures can't be done either.
It's also won't bring up any sort of 'forgot my pattern' dialog, it just keeps showing a 30 second timer after every 'wrong' attempt. Is this a known issue? How to I get around it? I'd prefer to save my data, but a complete factory reset is still an acceptable solution.

https://thedroidguy.com/how-to-fix-samsung-galaxy-note-9-is-unresponsive-after-software-update-1097991 seems it is not first time such things happen https://www.androidauthority.com/samsung-galaxy-s10-unlock-problem-1008100

seems it is still not solved yet. the funny "solution" is factory reset https://us.community.samsung.com/t5/Galaxy-S10/Phone-locked-after-last-update/td-p/730622/page/13 "Samsung now has a special team available through the support line able to assist in getting you into the phone. They can be reached by calling 800-726-7864 and using the IVR."


text:
Gmail: How do I mute ALL coming mail *except* mail from certain senders?
I have a gmail account and I am getting too many inbox notifications. It wouldn't work to create a blacklist, because they come from many places. I would like to whitelist 3 or 4 senders and only receive notifications from them. Thank you.

If Gmail app doesn't offer this feature, your best alternative would be to automatically get unwanted inbox notifications automatically cleared instantly. I suggest you look into automation app than. I don't use Gmail app so can't confirm, but I think MacroDroid app can exclude certain notifications from its notifications filter. That way, excluding certain senders of your choice pretty much all notifications would be dismissed.

I use the "open mail" app to access my gmail, but it is muted. To get beeps for specific mails, I forward the important messages to another account, and the beeps are doing by the "enotify" app. I do not use the gmail app.

You might try:

whitelist a couple of email-addresses and mark them as important.
On the general tab of gmail settings choose: Important mail notifications on.

Hope this solves your issue.


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Reduce on-call volume to zero on LineageOS 17.1
I have purchased a pair of headphones which are cheap and too loud. Now when listening to media, there's ways to reduce their amplitude, and I've used ViPER and liked it's performance more than the built in AudioFX (which is now frozen through Lucky Patcher). I should mention that I've never needed audio balancers for apps, because those sounds can go quite low as required.
However, ViPER does nothing to the in call volume, the real thing I have a problem with. Maybe because calls are not processed as "multimedia sounds" and hence are not linked to "audio processing drivers"(?) All calls through the headphones are too loud to listen to.
Is there a way I could route audio from calls (and also any audio treated as call sounds, like that in Google Meet) to multimedia(?) drivers? I'm guessing that'd come at the cost of laggy performance on a 2GB RAM device. Can I toggle some other on call volume options instead? Maybe through code? I am a root user (obviously) and may be willing to use Terminal if it doesn't get too complex.
Thanks in advance.

Update one and a half years later: There is no easy way to resolve problems like these. You mostly have to wait for another update or switch to a different custom ROM.


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Syncthing does not work with AFwall+ activated
Syncthing does not get any connection as long as AFwall+ is activated.
It should work in my WLAN at home. Mobile data is disabled because I don't need it.
I am using LineageOS on my mobile phone.
Here are my settings of AFwall+ (I only allow wireless communication for Syncthing)

The solution was to disable wireless (WLAN) in AFwall+ and activate LAN.
This does not make sense for me, but it works...
It still works if I activate wireless as well, but it is not necessary.

Even if I disable wireless access within AFwall+ I still need to be connected to a WLAN within Android (what makes at least some sense).


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Phone doesn't boot to anything
I have my samsung galaxy a6+ (2018). I tried to install a GSI to my phone since it has a /vendor partition. First, I did OEM unlock in developer settings. It told me to reset the phone in order to do that. So I did press the reset button. As I was on stock rom, the phone turned off, and showed the blue-background android logo saying "Erasing...".
After its screen turned off again, I pressed the key combo to go to download mode. FRP and OEM UNLOCK was both off. And flashed twrp which I had compiled. The problem appeared then. After flashing, it rebooted, show the samsung logo with "Recovery is not SEANDROID enforcing, Set Warranty Bit: recovery", and screen just turned off.
Even backlight was not on. I tried multiple times to enter download mode, by pressing the key combo, but no luck. It just shows same "Recovery is not SEANDROID enforcing, Set Warranty Bit: recovery" and screen just turns off. But why? Did I do something wrong?

"Recovery is not SEANDROID enforcing" is a message from TWRP indicating selinux is in desired state. kernel must allow selinux permissive in order to grant TWRP root access (not enforced). "Set Warranty Bit: recovery" is a message from bootloader and indicates bootloader is unlocked + device has custom recovery. Both messages are just warnings and not the cause of your issue, nothing to worry about. don't trust service center (how can that warnings be displayed if mainboard wouldn't power on!?)

there is probably another reason. after OEM unlocking and factory reset it is mandatory to finish the initial setup, connect internet and confirm OEM unlock again. otherwise vaultkeeper will prevent from booting custom binaries. If that is the case, back to square one.

just realized you compiled TWRP yourself. reason could be the recovery flashed was incompatible with your device model and crashed. volume keys are recognized during aboot (which is loaded from SBL) to leave recovery mode wait a few days until battery died. make sure to press right keys when connecting charger. usb JIG dongle might also work. you should reach either SBL or EDL (one of this must come up from PBL)


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Finding which process writing to storage
I suspect my phone being infected by malware. Every now and then, there's a folder named LSF_PUSH in internal storage, containing APK from app called SnackVideo and other random pictures from its screenshot. I never install this app, but this LSF_PUSH folder keeps created and filled everytime I delete one.
I want to know which process performing this directory creation. How do I find that out?
I've used McAfee and AVG. It doesn't even detect anything.

Related I guess, about LSF_PUSH: Lenovo Forums - LSF_PUSH

A related question: https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/214229/how-to-identify-the-app-process-which-re-mounts-partitions-r-w-creates-files-an

Does this answer your question? How to identify the app/process which re-mounts partitions R/W, creates files and changes file permissions?


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Where is the location of Google Drive folder in Android phone?
I'm looking for the location of the Google Drive folder in an Android phone, Realme V3 5G.
I expect the location to be something like \android\data\com.google.android.apps.books.
Where is it?

It's in the hidden partition /data which you cannot access without root permissions.
Here's the path: /data/data/com.google.android.apps.docs/files.

No: "The android google drive location is com.google.android.apps.docs, and which is located inside internal storage >> android >> data.
However, downloaded files from the Google drive are not stored inside this folder, and the truth is that the folder is usually empty." ... "When you download any of the uploaded files from your Google drive account, it goes straight to the download folder. This usually confuses some users especially those using android phone cause the drive has a data folder inside android folder." here


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Second instance of Instagram on Android 11
Does anyone know if I can install 2 different instances of Instagram on Android 11 (like you can do with some other apps?
I know that I can have up to 5 account on Instagram, but I would like to separate my work and personal accounts separate to manage it more effectively.

There are apps like "Parallel Space" that allows to run some apps in a second instance. See also https://beebom.com/best-parallel-space-alternatives/

How to use two different numbers in the same phone via WhatsApp?


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Samsung Health has ads?
I never noticed it before, but there is an ad in the top of Samsung Health.
Screenshot below.
Can I turn it off?
I paid for the phone and I do not expect core apps to contain ads.

Yes, it has ads, despite their denial (top of search list). It's been going on from last two years. See this


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adb push and wrong slash -> bootloop
I have my brand new Doogee S96 Pro which is now not able to boot.
I made a great fail:
instead of
adb push myfile.zip /sdcard/

i wrote
adb push myfile.zip \sdcard\

From that moment, no more boot.
I can't get what I did, but I now can only boot in the TWRP recovery.
Someone could give me a tip on what I did and how to solve the issue? Thank you.

flash dm-verity disabler

thank you for your feedback. Are you talking of the Disable_Dm-Verity_ForceEncrypt_11.02.2020.zip file?
I don't know what it does, so I'm a bit worried to worsen my situation.
Should I give a try?

I tried with Disable_Dm-Verity_ForceEncrypt_11.02.2020.zip but it doesn't change the situation. How can I know if my device is encrypted? It's brand new, the last time it boot it was in the welcome screen... so i never enabled the encryption. Should I try also with no-verity-opt-encrypt-6.1.zip ? Thank you again for your support.

that zip will disable dm-verity and destroy encryption. for FDE encrypted devices flash no-verity-opt-encrypt.zip instead. another method is flash 'empty' vbmeta partition

I tried to flash vbmeta.img from fastboot and to format userdata but it still can't boot to android. I always to go TWRP.

according to fstab.mt6785 this device is running FBE file-based-encryption, but twrp.fstab is for FDE full-disk-encryption. formatting userdata is necessary.

Let us continue this discussion in chat.

Does this answer your question? How to mount system under super partition?

At the end I think I got something very wrong in the phone itself, because in 4pda.ru I found an hacked version of boot + vbmeta + super, but flashing it did not solved for me. Probably adb really corrupted something.


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Low CPU use, but HIGH battery use! How?
This file sync app is active for 8 seconds, keeps awake for zero seconds, and yet uses 25-30% of power in a given day.

What could an app be doing to drain battery, without showing up as CPU use time?
To be clear, I'm not looking for solutions to this specific problem (talking to the dev for that): I'm looking for info on what apps can do that isn't logged in battery usage. Something is clearly happening, but what?
(Phone is Poco F1, latest updates on everything)

Also disk operations get battery power. For example, writing a block into the flash memory works first by burning it, and then a write operation.
Also the communication with your Wifi router or base station can take a lot of energy.
Mobile CPUs in phones are well optimized for low power consumption, but the case is not always so for other parts.
On an ext2-3-4 filesystem, also file read operations transfer into a write by default, because the last access time (last read event) meta-data in the filesystem has to be updated. A sane android would disable it (noatime flag in the mount options) but not always do.
Current Androids can say, which app used how much battery, although it probably counts only the CPU usage. My primary battery-killers are my browsers, particularly some webpages (linkedin is the worst....).


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Route bluetooth tether through VPN?
With an adb prompt or, failing that, a root prompt, how can I alter default behavior to root traffic through the VPN connection in Android 10 so that this behavior remains when unrooted?
In the case of an Android phone connecting to another Android phone running a bluetooth tether, neither can apply any security precautions to the tethered traffic and this is a bit of a security risk. I need to fix this hole.

Your question mixes up technologies and is therefore a bit confusing. Hotspots are always Wifi based. I think what you want to describe is "Bluetooth tethering". As far as I remember Bluetooth connections should always be encrypted, the difference is the pairing procedure and therefore how you identify to which other device the connection has been established.

Got it. I've edited the wording. The VPN is not for encryption. It's for adblocking and generally getting Android to do anything to the connection, like Wireshark, for example, or adguard, or noroot firewall, or NextDNS


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Android: how to find application locking xtables?
I have Pixel Experience (Android 10) installed on my Redmi K20. + Magisk 21.4.
In terminal I enter command iptables -t mangle -L -n | grep TTL which throws Another app is currently holding the xtables lock. Perhaps you want to use the -w option?. How to find the this application? Or how to drop xtables lock?

/system/bin/iptables binary holds an advisory lock on /system/etc/xtables.lock file (which is usually /run/xtables.lock on normal Linux distros).
It's the native netd service which performs operations with NetFilter but on a rooted device normal apps (e.g. AFWall+) may also execute the binary to add or remove firewall rules.
Use the lslocks command to list all the system locks currently held and the applications holding them. Or read the /proc/locks file directly.
You should not try to drop a lock, instead (using iptables [-w|--wait] option) wait for the ongoing execution to end.

Hello! Thank you for answering. First problem is that -w option doesn't help. It just never unlocks no matter how much seconds I pass. second one is that lslocks is not present in system. Third, the inum of /etc/xtables.lock is not present in /proc/locks.

Then iptables or the executing app must be misbehaving. 2) Build it: https://github.com/karelzak/util-linux/blob/master/misc-utils/lslocks.c 3) Your iptables binary seems to be the culprit. Use a custom built. // I have both binaries for arm64 and I can share if needed.

Yes, share please.

https://www.androidfilehost.com/?fid=17248734326145737067, https://www.androidfilehost.com/?fid=17248734326145737068

Hello! Big thank. But it lslocks don't show any xtables locks. Does it means that it is not kernel lock?

@AndreyNelubin normally iptables won't take more than a few milliseconds to execute a command. So it's not very likely to run lslocks or cat /proc/locks within that very short period and see iptables holding a lock. As you've confirmed that both commands don't show that a lock is held on /system/etc/xtables.lock, that really means that a lock is not held. And that's why, as I already said, your iptables (or possibly some other related component) seems to be buggy. Can't be more specific unless I have the device in my hands.

Fair enough, thank you for explanations, I'll digg deeper


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MacroDroid shell script non-root location permission denied
I am currently trying to run a simple shell script via MacroDroid. devices are Huawei and Samsung (Oreo not rooted).
in MacroDroid tried following locations:
/data/local/tmp/script.sh
/storage/emulated/0/MacroDroid/script.sh
/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/com.arlosoft.macrodroid/files/script.sh

MacroDroid reports permission denied:
/system/bin/sh: <stdin>[4]: /data/local/tmp/script.sh: can't execute: Permission denied
/system/bin/sh: <stdin>[4]: /storage/emulated/0/MacroDroid/script.sh: can't execute: Permission denied
/system/bin/sh: <stdin>[4]: /storage/emulated/0/Android/data/com.arlosoft.macrodroid/files/script.sh: can't execute: Permission denied

the script itself is working when running from adb shell:
adb shell
$ cd /data/local/tmp
$ chmod 0755 script.sh
$ ls -nZ script.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 2000 2000 u:object_r:shell_data_file:s0 ...
$ ./script.sh

In Terminal Emulator the script is readable (and passing as argument to sh works):
$ /data/local/tmp/script.sh
/system/bin/sh: /data/local/tmp/script.sh: not found
$ sh /data/local/tmp/script.sh
$ sh /storage/emulated/0/MacroDroid/script.sh
$ sh /storage/emulated/0/Android/data/com.arlosoft.macrodroid/files/script.sh

MacroDroid got all permissions granted in settings. Macros can create own log files in /storage/emulated/0
What is the proper location for shell scripts on non-rooted device?

Shell script Action is somewhat misleading in itself. It should be renamed as "Shell commands" instead. In the input area you are required to input the whole of your script actually. If you don't want that but wants to run an already made script instead, run it as
sh SCRIPT_PATH
sh /sdcard/my_script.sh     # example

This should work.


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External keyboard, typing blind
Here's the same question, but I don't think it's well answered because the phone will keep registering touches when in-pocket:
Method of typing input while the screen is off
I'd like to be able to take out a small Bluetooth keyboard and immediately start typing some notes into it like an Alphasmart but without seeing what I'm typing. How can I do that?
The first issue, as far as I can tell, is the screenlock.
The second issue might be delay as the keyboard wakes the phone and switching to a text editor of some kind.

If your phone has a hardware button for the camera you may be able reconfigure the button to start your text app even over the lock screen. Not sure if there is an app that already can do this.


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Samsung Galaxy Tab 3 (SM-T210R) won't turn on or charge
I have a Samsung Galaxy Tab 3 and for years it worked very well until last year, out of a sudden, it stopped working. It didn't want to charge or turn on.
When I plugged it to my PC, the PC wouldn't detect that it was connected.
I returned back on the issue to try to fix it but the problem is that I don't know what I can do to fix it.

The PC won't detect the phone if it's turned off though. Have you tried different chargers/adapters, electric ports, and USB cables? Or try buying/replacing the battery? Otherwise, the internal hardware may have a defect, which is possibly out of the scope of this community to DIY fix it.

Open up the back cover of the tablet.
Disconnect the battery from the motherboard.
Plug in the charger and let it attempt to charge for 30 seconds.
Disconnect the charger and hold the power button for 30 seconds.
Connect the battery again and close the tablet back up.

This worked for reviving my Tab 3 Lite 7.0 with the same chipset, but it has not been tested on the Tab 3 7.0.


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Wifi Card / Mobile Hot Spot
I am learning about networking, specifically the data link to session layers. I have an extra android phone I have been learning with on various things, and I am at the point where the application framework layer is simply using other references to really 'do the work' of listening and handling wifi data. I am willing to code with android studio's NDK, or even use the uncompiled kernal code. However, I just need to know where should I look to see the inner workings of how android receives and handles wifi data?
I think what I would like to do as a test project is set up a 'mobile hot spot' that grabs wifi data and sends it to my router. Any help would be appreciated; thanks!

Hi, while we probably could help to answer the technical matter, take note that development questions are off-topic since Android Enthusiasts focuses on end-users or power-users (but not necessarily developers) solving their issues.


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Login to YouTube app with different Google account w/o gmail access
I can login to YouTube with a different Google account, but this account got saved in setting/ system/ account section, which means whoever get access to the tablet can access my gmail also. Is there anyway just login to YouTube only?

Sorry but Login to an Google account always activates it on your device an thus allows access to all Google services. That is the purpose of a Single-Sign-On system - even if you don't want it to work this way.


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How to find out if an android device is using TEE?
I am new to Trusty TEE OS. Is there any way to find out if an Android Device uses such an OS without rooting the device ?
AFAIK there, DRM (Digital Rights Management) is the most widely used application of Trusty OS. Some examples for DRM frameworks are Widevine/PlayReady/ClearKey.
Does it mean that if any of these frameworks are present in the Android device, it is safe to assume that there is an underlying Trusty TEE OS in use ?
Thanks

Trusty is a kinda reference implementation of a TEE OS. But many OEMs have been using their own closed source implementations including QSEE, Kinibi, TEEGris, iTrustee etc. I don't think you'll find a clue about the underlying implementation on a non-rooted device. One possibility is that the name of the HAL(s) (binary blobs) process (usually an init service) interacting with TEE hardware may include some hint. On a rooted device, however, there are higher chances of getting a hint e.g. from the name or hexdump of some TEE-related partition. Even running strings on such partition may help.

If it is an android 8+ device, TEE is a mandatory requirement for OEMs to obtain Google Mobile Services (GMS) licensing for devices that have Google apps pre-installed.
In Settings > Security > Advanced > Encryption & credentials > (CREDENTIAL STORAGE) Storage type > Hardware-backed
If it says hardware backed then TEE is present.
Programmatically, you can use isInsideSecureHardware() which returns true if the key resides inside TEE or SE.
If you want to explicitly verify if it's SE, use setIsStrongBoxBacked on the keyGenParameterSpecBuilder, key generation will fail with a StrongBoxUnavailableException if StrongBox is not supported.
Qualcomm Snapdragon and Samsung Exynos SoCs contain integrated TEE and they throw StrongBox unavailable exception but returns true for isInsideSecureHardware. Google's Titan M chip and Samsung Knox chip are discrete TEEs (called strongbox) that contains SE inside.

Well explained but it answers "How to find out if an Android device is using TEE?" (or SE). The question is "How to find out if an Android device is using Trusty TEE OS?" TEE is not always Trusty, it's OEM's choice.

Right. I thought OP meant TEE only and might be calling Trusty TEE because of the title on android source. I made the same mistake few years back when I first read TEE support in android. Open to edits.

yes I actually meant only TEE. thanks for pointing it out. I have posted a new related question here https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/233749/how-to-determine-if-an-android-application-uses-trusted-execution-environment-t maybe you could suggest something here as well ?


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Faster Install on a bulk of devices
I am currently faced with installing a large amount of applications on a bulk of devices (100+ at a time).
The biggest issue I am having is the download time of apps and the effect it is having on the WiFi, I am looking for a solution to this, I looked into side-loading via usb but this was just as long to plug in each device and then install the APK individually.
Preferably I need a quick way of installing APKs with minimal interaction as I am using an MDM software that limits my access on the device
Thank you for any answers in advance

Bulk installation is usually (or should be) a part of MDM: https://duckduckgo.com/?t=canonical&q=Android+MDM+install+apps+silently

Use one or more own WiFi access points dedicated for this task and place each in a faraday cage. Reduce the max Wifi power or each AP.  Then place just a few devices in each "AP-cage". This eliminates the effect on the normal Wifi system.


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What does the "Save password to Google?" do?
I'm on Android 10 and and after installing the Uber App, I get the "Save password to Google?" prompt. But since I'm a not a huge fan of the Google megapoly, I'm reluctant to say yes, when I have no idea where my password will end up.
What does the "Save password to Google?" actually do? (and where is it saved?)

Related: Google Account Help - Sync passwords across your devices

Google app -> Manage your account -> Security -> Password Manager, click on the gear, they are listed there. You can also switch it on/of by enabling/disabling "Offer to save passwords" from the same place.

@ReddyLutonadio I have 14 different "Google apps" on my phone, which one are you talking about?

@AndrewT. As (ususal?) Googles own pages are outdated. The path shown in the no.1 item doesn't exist: On your Android phone or tablet, open your device's * Settings app > Google > Google Account.

There is one called Google, open that one (not Google something).

Ok, I found it under the following path (when using MIUI Global 12.0.8):
Settings > Privacy > "Autofill service from Google" > Passwords. But this still do not answer as to where these passwords are stored.


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How to determine if an android application uses Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) and Secure Element (SE)?
I have gone through questions One and Two. But still I have an additional question.
How do we find out that an android application uses Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) and Secure Element (SE). Particularly a hardware backed environment.
Thanks

Apps usually don't use TEE or SE directly. They aren't privileged enough to access underlying hardware resources. Instead they are using system APIs (e.g. Android keystore) or libraries (e.g. androidx.security) which subsequently use TEE if the device supports. So ask the developer or get the source code and find if the app is using any such API.

@IrfanLatif To my knowledge apps can use the TEE, however this seems to require additional negotiations in the background between the app developer and the device manufacturer so not everybody can do so. For example the Netflix app is known to use the TEE. May be this is the reason that devices need to be certified for Netflix HD playback?

@Robert yes definitely OEMs and ROM developers can access the hardware resources directly using low level APIs. And also they are sure if the device supports TEE or not. But normal apps cannot. Though they can query if the device supports TEE. Android Keystore, for instance, uses hardware-backed storage if the device supports, otherwise it silently uses software-backed storage. So even if we figure out that the app is using Keystore APIs, we cannot say for sure if it's using TEE. It depends on the device it's running on.

@Robert Not in android. Google even recommends OEM against exposing API which can directly talk with kernel. Android has HALs that allow android framework to talk with the kernel. To use TEE, apps call AndroidKeystore Provider API which talks to Keymaster HAL which talks to kernel which talks to TEE.

Any app that uses KeyStore and KeyPairGenerator or KeyGenerator classes along with the AndroidKeyStore provider and KeyChain API makes use of TEE. AndroidKeyStore provider API handles communication with whatever keystore is available on that device.


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Touch doesn't scale according to the changed resolution on Android Q/10
I have an android device with a resolution of 1080px2160p and an aspect ratio of 18:9. I downloaded a resolution changing app from play store by the name of DPI Changer. It changes the device resolution and DPI to whatever values you input. I have tried changing resolution to 1080x1920, 1080x1080 and 720x1280. The resolution changes without any issues but the touch is not scaling properly according to the resolution [ the touch issue happens only when the device is in reverse landscape mode ]. There's a distance of 120px between the actual area touched and the area registered by the device. I have tried several different apps but all of them give the same issue. I am rooted and willing to try anything that would fix the problem.

You may need to select a resolution that has the same aspect ratio as your physical screen. I would contact the authors of the used apps and ask kindly if resolutions based on the current aspect ration can be added to the app.

I did email the developer and asked him. He's yet to respond. I also learnt that changing resolution isn't an issue with device running Oreo or lower version. It seems Google added some kind of hardware check in place where the resolution area is cross checked with physical area.


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How to root Huawei RIO-L01 (Android 6.0.1)?
I need to gain root access in Huawei RIO-L01 phone with Android 6.0.1 (Marshmallow). I have tried installing King root, Kingoroot, Towel root and Frama root apps. All these apps failed either because the device version isn't supported or due to some internal failure. Kingorrot android app for windows doesn't get downloaded. I have also followed some tutorials online but none worked out. Mostly options require payment for acquiring the bootloader code.
Is there any method to root Huawei phone with Android 6.0.1 without purchasing boot unlocker codes?
The links that I have gone through are the following:
https://forum.xda-developers.com/t/root-with-twrp-recovery-for-g8.3298392/page-6
http://www.getdroidpro.com/huawei-g8-rio-l01-m105-root-via-magisk/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5jFKJEsuir8
https://root-android.kingoapp.com/huawei/how-to-root-g8.htm

just spend 4 bucks on dc unlocker?

I think the answer is "no", check this.


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Android Chrome browser is making a duplicate of every photo downloaded to my external SD card
Every time I download a photo (.jpg or .png file) with the Chrome browser (stable version) to my external SD card, it gets duplicated and stored also in "/storage/emulated/0/Pictures" folder (internal storage). The duplicate has always somewhat a smaller file size. How can I disable this and why is this happening ?
This doesn't happen when I download a photo with Opera Mini or MS Edge browser to my SD card for example. It only happens to pictures downloaded with Google Chrome when the download location is set to "SD card".
My SD card is formated as portable storage on my HTC 10 (Android Oreo).

This answer I found on google.support and I  Copied and pasted, I'm not sure if that's okay? Or not I'm sure I will find out momentarily .
We are aware of this issue and are working on a fix for this. To resolve this immediately, you'll need to reset the permission for the Google Photos App by following the steps below. Once these steps are complete, the duplicates should disappear after a few minutes.

Long press the Photos App icon
Tap the "i" button on the top right corner to go into App info
Tap "Permissions"
Tap "Storage" under Allowed
Tap "Deny" and tap "Deny anyway"
Re-open the Photos app
Tap "Allow" when prompted with "Allow Photos to access photos, media, and files on your device?"
Hope that helps....    :)

Thanks, but this doesn't solve it...just tried the Google Photos app, same problem happens when I download a photo with Chrome browser to my SD card.

Probably happening because your gallery is storing thumbnails of the pictures downloaded. This is what is called cache.
To confirm, you can just see the location of one of these files. They should be in a .thumbnails or thumbnails folder, I'm not so sure.

In the OS I use (Lineage OS 17.1, lovin' it!), the thumbnails folder is marked by .thumbnails in device storage emulated/0. So photo and gallery apps don't index files from that folder, knowing that it's hidden as per the Linux convention of naming files and directories - the . before the thumbnails hides the directory.

Yes, it should be some some kind of cache, because it doesn't happen when I download pics to my external SD with other browsers, nor it happens when I just cut&paste pics from internal to SD storage...  Though I don't have a "thumbnails" folder in the Pictures folder. These duplicates show a date of 1970 when I examine them. I use the latest LeeDroid ROM on my HTC 10.

If it is cache, it's your gallery cache, not browser cache. If it's not happening with other browsers, that's because you haven't given your gallery enough time.

But it happens with Gallery GO app from Google as well. I think it has to do something with Chrome, it's weird really.

I see. I can't say.


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Block access to Google Play Store app from Wi-Fi router
I was wondering how can I block the Play Store Android app from the router itself?
My router has a function to block a web address or an IP address.
So does anyone know what website/IP address should I block to make the Play Store app not able to connect?

play.google.com should block all access to the play store. Be aware that won't prevent the phone from installing apps from other sources.


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Samsung Galaxy Tablet E, Model SM-T377W Unable to Factory Reset
I'm able to get to the menu Android Recovery when I select Wipe data/ factory reset but**** the yes or no option does not appear, and tablet reverts back to lock screen. Then I tried to clear cache (delete) and the yes no option was present so I cleared cache and again tried to factory reset/wipe data again Yes / No option failed to appear.  Bottom of screen says         No support Single SKU,        E: ensure_path_unmounted Failed tounmount/ easy (DeviceFailed to find) misc. Partitions,   and back to lock screen.
Any ideas or answers would be greatly appreciated- thanks, Tamara

Welcome Tamara!  Can you edit your question to make it easier to read?  Thanks!