text:
How can I search for a sticker or emoji on Line for Android?
How can I search for a sticker or emoji  on Line for Android?
On Line for Microsoft Windows I can use::

(Tap to enlarge)

View this link https://drfone.wondershare.com/line/line-sticker.html (except for the VPN part)

@ReddyLutonadio Thank you, which step explains how to search  for sticker or emoji within Line?

where it says to click on more, then select the store. Disclaimer: I don't have Line installed on my phones. I could be 100% wrong

LINE for Android provides in-line sticker suggestion when directly typing on the chat input text field.
To enable/disable this feature:

Go to Settings (the cog-wheel icon on the top-right, this can be accessed on 'Friends' page or 'More' page)
Under "Shops", tap Stickers
Under "Sticker settings", toggle Display suggestions

When it is enabled, type a single keyword (e.g. 'work'). The text will be bolded (work) and related stickers appear above the chat input. Then tap the sticker to use.
Note: since the stickers appear above the chat input, fullscreen keyboards (usually used on landscape layout) may break the feature since the keyboard and the input box will cover the whole screen, including the stickers.

Demo:

(Tap to enlarge)


text:
Lost my Encrypted mobile phone
So,
Yesterday I lost my Samsung A6+. The guy/girl who picked must have already shut it down.
It is encrypted and it had a locking pattern each time I needed to use it.

If the guy does a factory reset(the one went turning on the phone), will he be able to do so, and use it as a brand new?
The documents I had in the SD Card are cloud safe, so no worries about losing it. However, do you know if the encryption also goes to the SD card level?

I really doubt that even going to the police to alert them I've lost it, would do anything useful in order to have a minor chance to retrieve it if it is one day reconnected to the network, so do you think I should do it either way?
Thanks all!

Was the external SD in the phone was portable or adopted storage?

Not sure I fully understood, but it's those micro sd cards... Nothing serious, so to say.

No, what i meant was that when you insert the SD card, device asks you whether you want the SD to be "portable" or "adoptable". That makes a difference or did you use a third party tool to encrypt?

Then I don't know that answer, tbh... :/

In that case - he can't use your phone because it is screen locked, let's say he guesses right and does factory reset, he won't be able to use it because of "Factory Reset Protection". To bypass that isn't easy, so with the phone, they can sell it for spares. If your card was used as adoptable-storage then they can't access your data on SD card

TBH the answer is 'Yes' he can use it after factory reset.
As we know that it is needed for an android device to re-login from the same account as it was previously logged in before doing a factory reset or called it as owner's account, but one can still use other account to log in and set up a fresh android after resetting the device.
However, Google always providing patches to these vulnerabilities but it is not enough as of now.
There are various guides to bypass FRP.
Coming to your data on SD card. If it is encrypted no need to worry about data.
It may help you, read here more about 'Adoptable storage' and 'Portable storage'.

source: Stack Exchange

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

sort: votes


text:
Google Drive backup not showing
I switched phones a while back but just noticed that even if im logged in with the same google account, I am not able to access my previous phone's backup. These are the backups in my GDrive:

I need the Alcatel backup. But when I go to Settings → Google → Restore Contacts, these are the ones that come up:

(Tap to enlarge)
The Alcatel backup which is the one that I need is not showing up. Why is this? How can I restore this backup?

Was the Alcatel back up of a different Android version while others are of same version? If yes, reason may be this (guessing) Why is my Android not restoring the app data from its Google Drive backup?

all_licenses: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
How to remove old Android images/packages/apps?
The initial setup on my Android device was using 4gb of space. After several upgrades it's using 7.5gb and most of that is Android OS crap. Personal files and non-Google apps are on an SD card. I need to clean up internal storage. This is the equivalent of finding an old Linux image in synaptic and then remove completely.
Is there a tool similar to synaptic for Android?

Synaptic is a GUI tool over apt package manager that manages .deb packages built for  Linux distros. Android's package management is inside a Java environment, totally different from Linux distros. Android's Java apps are built as .apk (zip) files and are managed by PackageManager which may also be used from commandline tool pm.
What you are looking for i.e. the purging of old packages is not simply achievable on Android. You can uninstall user apps and their data will also be deleted from /data/app/<PKG-NAME>, /data/data/<PKG-NAME> and /sdcard/Android/data/<PKG-NAME>. You can delete any left over files from /sdcard yourself.
But there are a number of packages (system apps) that are part of Android core framework and they store their data on different directories under /data which also include your preferences, settings, databases, backups, contacts, messages, caches, logs etc. You can't remove them all because - unlike Linux - everything on Android isn't neceassarily a part of some package.
So what you can do easily is Factory Reset. It'll bring your device to clean state by removing almost everything from /data partition. However it will remove your settings, personal data & all user installed apps. So keep a backup before doing so.
If you don't want to start from zero, you need to analyze space usage manually, not possible without root access or at least custom recovery. If you have rooted your device, you can use a  GUI app like SDMaid to check space usage of /data (and even other format-able) partitions in detail. Or simply use du command from recovery or from terminal emulator within Android. See this for a practical example of space usage.


text:
Why is Google Play unable to update only Google apps?
Everything was working fine on my Lenovo tablet until a couple of weeks ago when Play Store was no longer able to update the gmail app. It usually just was left hanging. Other apps seemed to update just not the google ones.
Anyway, I followed all the various suggestions provided in order to try and fix it but still have the problem. One of the things that was suggested was to uninstall updates to Play Store which I did and am now back with version 5.1.11 I think it is. Unfortunately it's stuck here and is making no attempt to update.
I then tried downloading the latest compatible Play Store from a reputable site but that won't install either... it just hangs and after about 10 mins says "App not installed". Attempting to update google via the Play Store hangs for some minutes and then eventually gives a 504 error.
I've tried powering my router off and back on again and also used my neighbour's wifi but still get the 504 every time.
Not sure where to go from here. I've tried a whole heap of so-called fixes off the internet but the problem remains.
Any help, other than suggestions of factory reset, would be appreciated.

Have you tried going to Settings > Applications > Google Play Store, once there try clearing cache and data. Then reopen Play Store. You can locate these options where you went to "uninstall" the updates.

Yep, I've tried clearing cache and data but it made no difference.

Check this link: https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/35062/error-504-when-downloading-apps-from-play-store


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Nexus 5X changes time after phone calls
Almost every time I make a phone call, the time on my phone changes. Typically it goes forward about 7 hours, but sometimes it's a little different. To fix it, I open up settings and turn the automatic time off and then on again. I did try leaving the automatic time off, but the error persists.
How do I fix this?

Is this EVERY phone call, or just those made from a specific location? i.e. Is automatic time set from the most accessible cell tower consistently? You say ALMOST, as in you sometimes connect via a different cell tower and the problem doesn't recur? What is the timezone you are in? Could it be related to a UTC diff problem?

Maybe related?

I haven't noticed a pattern of which phone calls make it change. I don't know if it is related to the location or not, but I know it doesn't matter who the call is with, as it has happened with multiple people. It still happens even if automatic time and time zone is turned off. I am in Mountain Standard Time. I am using Google Fi, so maybe it is related to whether or not the call is over the internet or a cell tower. I'll keep track of it and see if a notice a pattern.

Mountain Time is UTC-7h, which correlates to your stated problem (but this could be confirmation bias). Maybe a cell tower is using UTC time? This would be further substantiated if you find some pattern to the problem calls being from a narrow geographical location. It is unlikely a lot of cell towers would be configured to widen the geography.

Ok, I have narrowed down some details. The time change only happens when I make or receive calls in my apartment. If I go a block or so in either direction from my apartment, it works just fine. The bubble may be smaller, but I haven't tested it explicitly. Also, if I turn off wifi and location, it still happens. So it's not related to whether or not the call is using VoIP. Also, it is always exactly 7 hours.


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Android not connecting to server on LAN
I am unable to connect to the SSH server on my desktop from my Android (Oreo 8.1) device over Wifi.
Here is the setup: Android and Ubuntu desktop are both connected to my Wifi, which is connected on the WAN side to my cable modem. If i turn on port-forwarding on the wireless router and send port 22 connections to the desktop, I can ssh into it using the modem's external IP address. I can't ssh into the desktop using the local IP address, whether or not port-forwarding is turned on.
I don't think this is a configuration problem on the wireless router, or on the desktop, as I can ssh into the desktop from a Windows machine using Putty. The Windows machine is on the same Wifi network, and i can ssh to my desktop using the local IP address just fine.
It also doesn't appear to be ssh-specific... I can't ping my desktop from Android, or even telnet to any open port. Or any closed port, i just tried; there's no error message, the command prompt never returns until i ctrl-c to cancel or the connection attempt times out.
I do have AFWall+ installed on the Android device, but using its "disable firewall" makes no difference. Even with it on, though, the shell, adb, root, and JuiceSSH all have full network permissions.
Is there something i'm missing in Android that would prevent only connections to local IP addresses?
Ping test results:
I can ping my desktop server from every other device on the same Wifi, just not from my Android.
The Android can ping every other device, including the LAN and WAN side of the Wifi router.
The desktop can ping the Android.
When using the Android's hotspot, the Android and desktop CAN ping each other (though, of course, the IP addresses are different).
Update
I never did get this resolved, but was making another attempt yesterday and discovered the following:
Any initial attempt to ssh to my server from the Android device just hangs. "netstat -t" on the server shows the connection is there, stuck at SYN_RECV.
If i run 'nc -l -p 22' on my Android device, and then establish an OUTBOUND connection from the server to the device, it temporarily fixes the problem. Even after closing this connection, i can ssh from the device into the server. It doesn't last, though, and the connection problem returns sometimes after a few minutes, sometimes a few hours.
Does this provide any clues as to whether the problem is on the phone or the server? Or how to permanently fix it?

If you aren't able to ping PC from Android, that's a networking problem. You can use ping or netcat (nc -nz <PC_IP> 22) to troubleshoot. Can you ping router from Android? Also, if you connect PC to phone's hotspot, are you able to ping?


text:
Show adb backup manual
How do I show the help text/manual for adb backup?
When I run adb help I see

...
  backup/restore:
      to show usage run "adb shell bu help"
  ...

When I run adb shell bu help, nothing happens. What am I doing wrong?

That's because you need to connect a device to adb first. Check for connected devices, using adb devices.
Otherwise, it'll display an error:
C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\platform-tools>adb shell bu help
error: no devices/emulators found

When you've connected device, run adb shell bu help - it will output something similar:
C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\platform-tools>adb shell bu help
 backup [-f FILE] [-apk|-noapk] [-obb|-noobb] [-shared|-noshared] [-all]
        [-system|-nosystem] [-keyvalue|-nokeyvalue] [PACKAGE...]
     write an archive of the device's data to FILE [default=backup.adb]
     package list optional if -all/-shared are supplied
     -apk/-noapk: do/don't back up .apk files (default -noapk)
     -obb/-noobb: do/don't back up .obb files (default -noobb)
     -shared|-noshared: do/don't back up shared storage (default -noshared)
     -all: back up all installed applications
     -system|-nosystem: include system apps in -all (default -system)
     -keyvalue|-nokeyvalue: include apps that perform key/value backups.
         (default -nokeyvalue)
 restore FILE             restore device contents from FILE

adb shell bu help does nothing for me, even after I connect a device.  I can adb shell into the device, but bu help just sits for a second or two, then returns with no output.  bu alone waits for a second, then says "reset_reason_init" "Killed"


text:
Wrong Flash in Odin
My question is I accidentally put the firmware in BL and AP in Odin My phone is Samsung J1. It says success but my phone is like having dead battery and I cant open it . the (power button + volume down + home button) download screen didn't appear whenever I tried to access. what to do ?

Please specify which file you used.

in the firmware , there is a file with and extension of BL and another file with an Extension of AP.
I put them together in AP and BL slot in Odin at the same time. and that's what happened

I mean, what file you actually used for flashing? Where did you get it?

https://samdb.org/download/GALAXY__J1__/1z34/GLB/J100MLDXU0AOC1/J100MLOLC0AOC1/
here
It worked on my first time and btw it's my second time around .
on my first, I only used AP but on my second time, I accidentally put BL and AP together .

Have you tried again? for the 3rd time?

A somewhat late answer, but it could warn others even if it is too late to help OP.
BL is the bootloader partition, which is the first software that loads when you power on your device, before even the Download and Recovery modes. It looks like you flashed a wrong file for the bootloader, and if that is the case unfortunately your phone will not boot again unless you swap out the whole eMMC. (Internal Storage) You could try taking it for an authorized Samsung repair store as they might have debug software but I highly doubt they could interact with the hardware which comes before the bootloader.
TL;DR: Odin is an extremely powerful tool, and even though OP's device is not very expensive, use it with extreme care or you may end up with a paperweight worth $1200.


text:
Why does Android 7 reset default Home app after boot?
Edit: I've got an app that was set as the HOME app that suddenly isn't set as the HOME app. My question is in two parts:

Does Android 7 have the capacity to do that on its own?
If it does, what sorts of misbehaviour might cause that to happen?

I've installed an app and set it as the default HOME app by selecting it and "ALWAYS" from the popup window you get when you press the HOME button.  It works most of the time - if I press the HOME button then the app runs, or if I switch the phone off/on then the app runs.
However, sometime when I switch the phone on, I get the "Use XXXX as Home / JUST ONCE / ALWAYS / Use a different app / Launcher3" popup.  Why would Android stop running a 3rd party app as the default HOME app?
I only get this problem on Android 7 devices - I haven't seen it with 4.4 to 6.0 - has something changed in 7 that makes it more picky about this sort of thing?
The app is on a private channel so, sorry, I can't give you a link to it. And the devices are from Tokie and K-Mobile so not off-the-shelf consumer products.

I've noted that the app is on a private channel, and given the make of the devices.

Could you clarify which launcher? If the app/launcher crashes Android restarts it. Could be possible that the app is reverting to the default launcher as a fallback mechanism because something is wrong

@verdant the app isn't on the play store so I can't give you access to it, sorry. The logs don't show any signs of a crash. Fundamentally I'm trying to find out whether Android will ever remove the "Default HOME" attribute from an app. If it won't then there's no point in asking about circumstances - something else must be going on.


text:
How does "Recycle master recycle bin" app recovering deleted files ?
There are many apps that recovers deleted data(images, video, PDF) i.e Disk digger , Dumpster e.t.c and these apps also ask for root , but here i want to know the process/methodology of simple recovering of files which are accidentally deleted.
In Recycle master recycle bin what have they tried to recover files using no root and it does provide the deleted files in app list view.
So to perform such task what i have to do in my app.
1) Are they implementing their own file manager by over riding/uninstall the default file manager so that user when ever open files it must interact with their file manager.
If so then how to override default file manager ?
2) Are they over riding system calls to force operating system functionality?
3) Or there is some thing else?

can any one help if they know what is being performed here.

You can check that by installing app and viewing through logcat what intents are being sent and received by the app while deleting a file. I don't have time right now, I may check that later. If the app is providing it's own file explorer to delete files, that's very simple. It's simply moving them to a hidden directory.

Can you provide the process how to implement or create such a file explorer that delete files because i have never worked on it .

I wish I could but I know almost nothing about Android app development. MiXplorer has this feature but I don't think that's open source. That simply moves files to /sdcard/.recycle folder on deletion. You may contact the developer for help. And development questions get more attention on https://stackoverflow.com/


text:
Copy an entire Android Image to multiple devices
First and foremost, let me tell you that I am everything but a professional when it comes to the Android OS. I've just been using it casually up to now, but I do have a rather annoying task at hand right now.
The issueI have is Setting up About 150 Android devices, disabling the Google apps, changing some Settings and installing one app. Obviously that task would take about for ever if I did everything by hand, so my thought was to just set up one and then copy all the properties and stuff to the other ones. Unfortunately I have no idea if that even is possible.
Rooting the devices is not an Option as the warranty should stay intact. The devices are Zebra TC200J with Android 7.1.2
I'd really appreciate any help about the process or any other ways on how to ease the process.

Since you can't root those devices MDM is one option What is Mobile Device Management and How can I use for my enterprise?

That's what I was afraid, but MDM does seem like a good alternative. Do you have any tips on a specific MDM provider that would enable the stuff I have in mind?

Sorry, never used it

Is (temporarily) unlocking the bootloader an option?

MDM(Mobile Device Management) is a great option when managing multiple devices. Google has their own MDM.

MDM begins at a centralized location, usually a single workstation or
  computer. From this centralized point, the administrator can use the
  Mobile Device Management software to oversee all the devices in the
  network. This is done by using the software to set up a suite of
  policies so that all devices that have access to the network will
  adhere to enterprise standards.
Once the policies are set, administrators can then enroll smartphones,
  tablets, laptops, and even desktop computers into the network.
  Depending upon software capabilities and corporate security
  requirements, device enrollment can be accomplished, either by
  physically connecting devices to the workstation, or wirelessly.
From this point, enrolled devices can be configured to meet enterprise
  needs through a host of options including personalized app catalogs,
  user restrictions, app blacklisting, and so forth. These
  configurations help to ensure that all devices comply to set policies
  while at the same time allowing users the best device experience
  possible. At any time a device is enrolled into the network, MDM
  software allows administrators to make policy changes, push apps,
  install updates, and any other changes that are necessary.
  Administrators can even disenroll and restrict devices whenever
  necessary.

There is an alternative, you could enable developer options and enable USB debugging. Later a simple script that runs adb tcpip 5555 for all devices allowing you to connect them to a network. Now you can perform actions on all phones including keystrokes using keyevent by relaying the devices. Something like adb shell input keyevent KEYCODE.
I would prefer MDM as it is a little hassle-free, but using adb has worked for me


text:
Crash when switching apps with non default launchers
I just updated a Nokia 6.1 (TA-1054) to Android P and when I change the launcher from the default launcher3 to anything else it keeps opening launcher3 when I try to switch apps and crashes.
I tried rooting the device and trying to disable and uninstall it with no luck. Any ideas?
I tried the following so far:
./adb shell pm disable --user 0 com.android.launcher3
./adb shell pm uninstall --user 0 com.android.launcher3
./adb shell rm /system/priv-app/NBCLauncher/NBCLauncher.apk

Video

Please [edit] to mention what device


text:
Just sync GMail-contacts with a certain label
Is it possible, maybe with some app, to only sync contacts from GMail to my phone if they have a certain label? E.g., I labelled all contacts from my previous job "Job1" while all contacts from my current job are labelled "Job2". I only want contacts from my current job, e.g., label "Job2", to sync to my phone while I want to keep contacts from my previous job, e.g., label "Job1", for reference, but only in the desktop interface.


text:
How to clear dalvik cache if DDMS doesn't recognize device?
I have a Navon Platinum Explorer tablet (wich is not an original Navon tablet). Few years ago I was able to clear the dalvik cache, with DDMS in Eclipse (Mars) but it's full again and DDMS doesn't recognize the device, so I can't clear it. Windows  says unknown device. I looked for this device in Oracle VM USB device list and there I found it as Onda (unverified) V972 tablet in flashing mode.
When I turn the tablet on it display the android logo and stuck there. When I press the Power + Volume up / Volume down buttons it doesn't display anything, but connects to the PC (or if already connected then disconnects). I can't enter recovery menu.
So how can I clear the dalvik cache, and disable logging so it doesn't get full again?
From Ubuntu
(First, I do not really know linux yet.)
With sudo lshw -short command I get some interesting item related to the device (with H/W path /0/100/6/*):

It's maybe possible to do something whith it?

Is the device rooted?

@BoLawson I don't rooted this device, but the previous owner maybe.

I guess the first thing to address would be getting the device recognized by the computer. Try updating the drivers next thing would be try switching between mtp and ptp in settings to see if eclipse can recognize the device. What version of windows are you using?

Windows 10 Pro 64 bit, and see the edit.

Flashing mode should be the bootloader but I do not know if it uses fastboot commands. Not much can be done to the davlik-cache since it resides in /data/dalvik-cache. However it might be possible to erase the cache which is different. So do you have adb and fastboot installed on your computer? For adb is usb debugging turned on through developer settings? On a side not I am not sure the device is visible to eclipse while in the bootloader. I believe you need to be in the android os or recovery.

I don't know (or remembered) that the usb debugging is was enabled. Where should I install adb and fastboot on the Windows OS (host) or on Ubuntu (guest)?

What ever you are most comfortable with. The usb debugging is important. It can very much so make your device invisible to eclipse and the computer itself. Check to see if Developer settings is visible. If not go to Settings/about device/software-possibly/tap the build number 7 times to enable developer settings. Exit it out to Settings menu go to developer settings scroll down to use debugging` press it to toggle it on. Then restart eclipse and try to see if device is now shown. before you try to get adb installed. https://developer.android.com/studio/releases/platform-tools

Let us continue this discussion in chat.


text:
Facebook messenger android
Is there anyway to somehow save, store messages if you only have Facebook messenger and not facebook account? I would like to have these conversations, and maybe search in some of them, making statistics, but there is no easy or right now I do not see any way for this.

How you want to save those things in messenger? Does it delete your messages if you log out or removes your messenger ? Please add more words specifically describing your question.

Thanks, I was able to solve it in the end... Facebook can generate your history in JSON format even for mobile accounts.


text:
Is it possible to freeze an app in Bluestacks?
Sometimes is beneficial to "freeze" an application, for example when configuring on-screen controls for a game which doesn't display them at all times. Hotkey would be the most convenient.

What OS are you using? I'm going to assume Windows. I have no real experience with Bluestacks itself, but you can try suspending the whole process. To test if it can work open the Resource Monitor, right-click the Bluestacks process and click Suspend process.
If it does manage to 'pause' the app you can work on making it programmable using perhaps PsSuspend provided as part of PsTools. Finally put it into something like AutoHotkey.
Usage:
pssuspend <process name | process id> (-r to resume)

Windows. I considered suspending the process, but then I can't access Bluestack's on-screen GUI options? There's also Universal Pause Button for Windows — I don't think this method will work for my usage case unfortunately.

If you know a way to suspend apps on Android (without root) that should be a viable solution.


text:
.hidden folders not showing in Windows Explorer
I have a Samsung s5 running Android v6.0.1 and a Samsung s9+ running v8.0.0.  Neither are rooted.
When I plug either phone into PC running Windows 8.1, I can't see any .hidden folders on the phones via Windows File Explorer.
Folders that don't start with a . are visible.
I've made sure that the phones are connected in USB "File Transfer Mode"
And that Windows File explorer is configured to show hidden files.
I know I used to be able to see all folders, even the .hidden ones on the s5 at least.
I've tried clearing the Media Storage app cache, and rebooting both the phone and the PC.
Any other solutions to get access back.

Rename the folder, use adb pull, different file manager e.g. Solid Explorer etc many options.

If your MTP database (/data/data/com.android.providers.media/databases/external.db) doesn't contain hidden file entries, you won't see those on PC. It depends on how Media Storage updates that database, but I haven't gone through source code of the app.


text:
Remove app notification when app opens from launcher
I have looked all over the place and cannot seem to find a way to automatically remove an app's respective notification upon the app opening from the app launcher. In iOS this behavior was just a given but, in Android the notifications remain even after opening the app.  If I open the app from the notification, the notification is cleared out, but I may not want to open the app from the notification because it may take me to a part of the app that I don't want to go to (like directly into a particular email rather than the inbox).
I am on a Note 9 running 8.1.0.  Not rooted.

From searching, an app developer can program this functionality in but I don't think there's a global setting for it. You can investigate into IFTTT type apps like Tasker or Automate - shouldn't be too difficult to set up a trigger when an app is in foreground and then clear notifications (or disable then enable it if clearing is not supported).


text:
Installation of Operating System Comparison with that on a Laptop
If I buy a laptop of Dell, HP, Lenovo or Sony I could install any (meant for Laptop) variant of Linux or Windows on any of these devices, quite easily, without having to risk bricking (completely useless) of the device. Also, for example, Ubuntu is able to find out drivers for most I/O devices on any laptop.
But when comes to Android, why is this process so complex and has a serious warning like things can go very wrong. Also, why is that many IO devices on mobile like a fingerprint reader, etc don't work when OS is installed?
Given that, mobile phone has much bigger userbase, I  expected it to have more support from the community. What is lacking? When Ubuntu can pulloff in most laptops, why can't Google (they too want every mobile to use latest Android version) try to do it?
Also, regarding the security updates why it has to be delivered by the phone manufacturers, instead of Google (like in the case of Windows or  Ubuntu on laptop). There are warnings that custom OS installation won't get any security updates on android (Why Google lets this happen? Why can't they do as Ubuntu does? Why don't they provide an Android that can be installed on any device with ease?).

You can find parts of your answer via the installation tag-wiki. Read e.g.: Can I install Android on my non-Android device? and especially Why is it that Android still can't be installed as regular OS?

Also see this: https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/205072/bootloader-bios-flashing-rom-and-correlated-risks-why-android-devices-are-more


text:
Why am I unable to get my nook to remap the upper left button to work as a CTRL key?
Recently, I had to re-root my nook simple touch after the stock recovery removed the su binary. Unfortunately, it deleted my settings for remapping my upper left page button to use as a CTRL key. I would love to go back to using the terminal app running an Ubuntu Distro.
I tried fixing the problem by installing the patched jars needed for nook touch tools. Although, I successfully installed them but when I go to the app to do the remapping the CTRL option no longer exists in the list of options!
I already found my keymap file in this directory

/system/usr/keylayout/

The file is named TWL4030_Keypad.kl
The content of the TWL4030_Keypad.kl file is here.
    key 399   GRAVE
key 2     1
key 3     2
key 4     3
key 5     4
key 6     5
key 7     6
key 8     7
key 9     8
key 10    9
key 78    0
key 158   BACK              WAKE_DROPPED
key 14    BACK              WAKE_DROPPED
key 230   SOFT_RIGHT        WAKE
key 106   SOFT_RIGHT        WAKE
key 107   ENDCALL           WAKE_DROPPED
key 62    ENDCALL           WAKE_DROPPED
key 60    ENDCALL           WAKE_DROPPED
key 229   MENU              WAKE_DROPPED
key 139   MENU              WAKE_DROPPED
key 59    MENU              WAKE_DROPPED
key 127   SEARCH            WAKE_DROPPED
key 217   SEARCH            WAKE_DROPPED
key 228   POUND
key 66    POUND
key 227   STAR
key 65    STAR
key 231   CALL              WAKE_DROPPED
key 102   CALL              WAKE_DROPPED
key 232   DPAD_CENTER       WAKE_DROPPED
key 108   DPAD_DOWN         WAKE_DROPPED
key 103   DPAD_UP           WAKE_DROPPED
key 63    HOME              WAKE
key 105   DPAD_LEFT         WAKE_DROPPED
key 106   DPAD_RIGHT        WAKE_DROPPED
key 115   VOLUME_UP
key 114   VOLUME_DOWN
key 116   POWER             WAKE
key 212   CAMERA
key 148   DPAD_CENTER
key 149   SEARCH
key 202   EXPLORER
key 203   ENVELOPE
key 102   HOME
key 16    Q
key 17    W
key 18    E
key 19    R
key 20    T
key 21    Y
key 22    U
key 23    I
key 24    O
key 25    P
key 26    LEFT_BRACKET
key 27    RIGHT_BRACKET
key 43    BACKSLASH
key 30    A
key 31    S
key 32    D
key 33    F
key 34    G
key 35    H
key 36    J
key 37    K
key 38    L
key 39    SEMICOLON
key 40    APOSTROPHE
key 61    DEL
key 353   ENTER
key 44    Z
key 45    X
key 46    C
key 47    V
key 48    B
key 49    N
key 50    M
key 51    COMMA
key 52    PERIOD
key 53    SLASH
key 28    ENTER
key 56    ALT_LEFT
key 100   ALT_RIGHT
key 42    ALT_LEFT
key 54    SHIFT_RIGHT
key 15    TAB
key 57    SPACE
key 150   EXPLORER
key 155   ENVELOPE
key 58    SHIFT_RIGHT
key 12    MINUS
key 13    EQUALS
key 215   AT
key 407   RIGHT_NEXTPAGE
key 412   CTRL_LEFT       <----------Here I tried to edit the file in adb
key 139   LEFT_PREVPAGE              but is not recognized by the nook.
key 158   RIGHT_PREVPAGE

I furnished two solutions to my problem.
Get into the nook touch tools app and set up key bindings by clicking the button on the far right. You should see something like this. Where it says, left-bottom button select the option Volume_Down.

After rebooting get into the terminal app's settings to set up key bindings.
The terminal app has options that permit you set up key bindings that will allow me to emulate the control key.
I have taken screenshots of the terminal's settings. I go into nook touch tools and set up the binding to use the left bottom page button to be used as a volume button. You must do this for it to work. Select preferences.

The next step is to go to keyboard and you'll see the select control key option. Under the sub-list of options select volume-down for use as the CTRL key. Then you can now use the left bottom page button as the control key.

The second option is to download the hacker's keyboard and install the multi-touch zips with the CWM based recovery on a sdcard via re-boot. But the ctrl key doesn't work so you still have to set up the settings in the terminal app. The multi-touch hack allows you to use two keys at the same time therefore allowing the binding of the alt key to be used as the ctrl key.


text:
Is it possible to get root permission using Magisk in Work Profile?
I had flashed Magisk in the recovery, but when I run Magisk Manager in Work Profile it says Magisk is not installed. Does this imply that there is an independent recovery for Work Profile as well? Is there any way to gain root access in Work Profile?

Choose User-independent option in Multiuser Mode Settings of Magisk app.
User profiles and multi users are managed inside OS, nothing to do with recovery.

I have the same issues and I selected the "User-Independent" settings in Magisk Manager outside the work profile. After that the magisk app in my work profile ask for additional setup and downloads Magisk setup zip but after download it says "Setup Failed".

@SleepyLord If a feature doesn't work as expected, it's a bug. Register your issue here.


text:
Is there a way to overlay an image permanently on top of the entire screen?
Suppose I have an image (say a jpeg or whatever format is nice) with exactly the same width and height (in terms of pixels) as the screen of my android phone (I have a Galaxy S7 edge running android 8.0.0).
Is there a method that allows to permanently overlay this image (with prescribed opacity) on top of my phone's screen, ideally without requiring root access? If the opacity part is difficult, one could build it directly into the image using a format that supports transparency, like png.

You can  try to draw a scene (which can include overlaying an image) using Tasker and see if that's what fits your requirement.

Edited your question to a) Avoid closure (asking for apps is off topic) b) delete portion regarding app development which belongs to [so]


text:
How do I install Google Pixel Launcher on HTC U Ultra?
I used to be able to use the Google Now Launcher on my old HTC U Ultra device. Now I got a new device with Android 8.0.0 and here I cannot install the program anymore. How can I fix that?
Edit: I learned, that Google Now Launcher was replaced by Google Pixel Launcher which is not available on Play Store on this phone but can be downloaded from apkmirror.com.

Google stopped google now launcher and current default launcher by google is pixel launcher. You can download google now launcher from apkmirror, and try to install it. I don't think it may work well, but you can have a try (https://www.apkmirror.com/apk/google-inc/google-now-launcher/ dec 6,2017 build).

I see, then I would like to try Pixel Launcher. Can you post the link to it in the Play Store?

you can search for pixel launcher from the same site(apkmirror.com). Download apk that suits your android version, architecture, screen DPI. https://www.apkmirror.com/faq/ this link may help you to find right apk for your device from apkmirror website.

Worked for me, if you copy the link to it from my edited post, I will accept the answer.

Google Now Launcher was Google's first public launcher, and it was shipped on Nexus phones as well as millions of other devices, which was a simpler launcher for Android Ecosystem.
The Google Now Launcher is now listed as incompatible with almost every Android device in Play store.
Google announced retirement of Google Now launcher in Feb 2017.
The current default launcher by Google is Pixel Launcher, which released for Pixel devices.

You can download google now launcher from apkmirror website, and try to install it. The last build available is of Dec 6, 2017 [link].

Pixel launcher is available on Play Store, but not available for every devices(mostly for pixel devices). But, you can download Pixel Launcher from this link.

Download apk from apkmirror website which suits with your device's  android version, architecture, screen DPI. This FAQ link may help you to find right apk for your device from apkmirror website

If I'm getting correct, here is the direct download link of it through apkmirror, you only need to confirm it when pop up comes from your download manager.
Above one is latest version of Google Now Launcher and it was lastly updated in Nov,2017. Since then no official updates from Google.
There could be another solution to your problem. If you have any problem downloading by searching here and there, you can avoid it and simply download it from playstore on any operable/compatible device then share it to your phone through any 'Sharing App'.


text:
Problems with the DNS Network part (or maybe virus/malware-related) on Android 6.0 Marshmallow (Alcatel Vendor)
I've been experiencing some strange problems maybe that be related with the DNS Network part in Android 6.0 Marshmallow, and could mention these two origins as the main likely sources of problems:
• Due to recent Network changes, as the adding of a new Router on the Network, the same that might have caused some conflicts recently;
• Maybe due or the low quality signal or an insatisfatory range on the space of my Home on my Wi-Fi Repeater, that insists in to fail sometimes recently, and also, maybe, needs to be resetted, for clean its cache, avoiding conflicts and mal-function.
I could mention that in Google Chrome for Android, is common to occur these two error codes below:

"ERR_ADDRESS_UNREACHABLE";

. And this last error shown, after a power offing of Wi-Fi, and after yet of this action a Restart of the OS, for so then power on again the Wi-Fi, all DNS Network resolvings stayed going back to function correctly during a certain period of time:

"ERR_NAME_NOT_RESOLVED" .

*( according to this webpage, DNS related:
<https://forums.androidcentral.com/ask-question/557992-how-can-i-fix-err_name_not_resolved-my-sg4.html> )
Note: Only Incognito Mode on Google Chrome works Ok for now. The YouTube, Mozilla Firefox and Google Play all them are currently refusing to work correctly on my initial tests.
URL Address References:
<https://support.google.com/chrome/forum/AAAAP1KN0B0sv0YttC20cU/?hl=en>
Browsing on the Web on my Smartphone since yesterday is being problematic.
This page below, describes the main reasons for the DNS problems on Android 6.0 codenamed Marshmallow (or maybe serves to other versions too):
<http://www.androidbeat.com/2015/12/how-to-fix-wi-fi-problems-android-6-0-marshmallow/>
. Reading this Article above superficially initially, I could confirm that only a Restart resolved temporarily the problem (or an 'issue' how you may prefer to call it) for me at the moment, and I stayed knowing that only Incognito Mode is working correctly for now (using this Google Product Forums Reference):
Chrome keeps telling me that site can't be reached?
After, the same problems/issues back to occur again, as if nothing had been done in respect. Practically only Google, and some https Forum websites are loading and finishing its page loadings, these without any errors on the Google Chrome normal mode. My Android is configured with the DHCP Mode, so it's sounds like as strange that a conflict can still be there, if DHCP resolves the things automatically on the Network (as my understanding about these knowledges), without any intervention of the user. Doing on/off of my Wi-Fi on my Smartphone equiped with Android Marshmallow, normally would help on the DNS problem. I don't touched in any DNS parts since a long time ago, and I don't remember what I've did to fix DNS resolvings problems when it started to occur at that last time. The Advanced Configurations on Wi-Fi are hidden on my Android Smartphone (signal that these parts should not be altered, without any knowledge prior this -- I haven't altered anything there).
As all the solutions on this page below are esgoted:
<http://www.androidbeat.com/2015/12/how-to-fix-wi-fi-problems-android-6-0-marshmallow/>
seems like or this is a inconsistence on Network DNS part (that I'm not aware how to resolve and diagnose), or a recent bug introduced by Google on Android recently (again?), as described on the above provided url address. Drastic solutions, in addition to the procedures that I already performed as "clean cookies on the web browsers" or "restart the mobile device", procedures like "restore the device to the original factory settings" will be totally avoided here.
Any thoughts? Is there an App for Android that automatically finds and resolves DNS problems, or inconsistences on Android, available on Google Play Store? Don't knows about any logical solution, or trivial fix, because I'm a newbie when the subject is Network. And my Android is closed for alterations, so, despite as I'm experienced and familiar with Linux commands, I still can not properly use the Terminal Emulator on my Android from Alcatel, because many functions on the ROM from Alcatel Vendor are locked for access and alterations by the user, these customizations coming from the Manufacturer.
Please ask me for more information, if do you see this as necessary.
No more information I could provide here at the moment, except if asked by some of you here on this Forum.

Related: https://android.stackexchange.com/a/205740/218526

Try the new Cloudflare app "1.1.1.1"  It will give you privacy enhanced DNS which will circumvent your ISP.
I am not associated with the app or its vendor.
I recently learned that my mobile vendor provides my phone with its DNS results.  I had been under the impression that Google DNS servers were always used by Android.  Whether my mobile provider is providing DNS through proxy or DHCP, I don't know.  I don't care.  I don't want them seeing my requests.  The "1.1.1.1" app prevents it.  It would also provide you with highly reliable DNS independent of your mobile provider.

NEVERMIND (for the moment). Maybe was the ISP that was having problems on the Network by some instability on the environment of the Internet Provider. Now the Internet access is correct. If the problems come back, I'll reopen this Topic. Never had seen this kind of problems happening before on my Mobile Internet Browsing experiences.


text:
How to transfer between SD Card and External Hard drive using Samsung S8 and NO PC?
I am on S8 Exynos (Custom ROM - Renovate ICE, LATEST). When I was using a S7 last time and had a USB OTG cable to daisy chain my SD card reader and USB hard drive, the connection dropped so frequently that it made it impossible to transfer all my contents (around 120GB per day of photos and videos) from the SD card to my external hard drive.
Is there a more reliable method using my S8? I also have the WD Wireless Pro, but it is giving me so many errors that I gave up on that device.
I would like to reiterate that this is for travelling purposes, where I have to transfer nearly 200GB daily, and I hope not to lug my laptop around with me, hence asking whether my S8 can act as the intermediary.

does anyone know please?

The Micro-USB connector does not support On-the-Go (OTG) devices such as memory sticks, external hard drives, or keyboard and mouse accessories.


text:
Voice Typing stops abruptly
I have a Samsung Galaxy Note 4. At some point in the last 6 months or so, voice typing just stopped working for longer than a couple of seconds of dictation.  It doesn't matter if I talk very fast with no pauses at all. It just stops abruptly. I have to keep hitting the microphone button repeatedly to get it to complete.
Where do I begin to start debugging this?


text:
Should i be worried of these permissions from an app?
I was going to download an app ( not giving its proper name because there are many other apps who wants same permissions) but when i was looking for what  'app permissions' it needed. I saw permissions 'camera' , 'identity' , 'send sticky broadcast' and 'request install packages'.
Why an app actually needed to take permission of camera when there is no need of camera anyhow within the app ?
And what are those settings permissions under other section ?

You can always ask the developer (E-mail at bottom of play listing)why they explicitly need a permission. They may or may-not answer though.

Without knowing what the app is about, it's hard to tell. Camera e.g. is not only for taking photos – but also used to scan barcodes, and to control the flash light.

No, there is no use of Camera at all.

From what I have found, a Sticky Broadcast is a broadcast from an application that stays hanging around after it has been dealt with. It helps for things like battery level. I found this here.
As for Request Install Packages, it

Allows an application to request installing packages

Source: Android Developers
As for why an app would need permissions to something that it seems like it has no business using, there could be a few explanations. I am a developer and can say that there might be something in the API for Camera that is used, but the actual camera is not. Without know what app you are wanting, one could not say definitively.

Hey it is confusing me that there are all types of permissions written in the blog you attached. Could you please deliver me 'request install packages' means will app ask me before pushing any packages or updates to the device ?

@JohnMasamune It should show an installation dialog when it tries to install an app unless the developer went around that and installs the package silently.

Yeah that's my reason to ask this question that if one can make changes to installed apps silently.


text:
What is /storage/emulated/0/?
Recently, I've figured out that if I delete files from /sdcard/Download it deletes files from /storage/emulated/0/Download. And if I add the files into /sdcard/Download it duplicates them in /storage/emulated/0/Download.
So what is /storage/emulated/0/? For what purposes do we have it in our android file system?

/storage/emulated/0/Download is the actual path to the files.
/sdcard/Download is a symlink to the actual path of /storage/emulated/0/Download
However, the actual files are located in the filesystem in /data/media, which is then mounted to /storage/emulated/0 (and often other mountpoints as well)
A Symlink In computing, a symbolic link is a term for any file that contains a reference to another file or directory in the form of an absolute or relative path and that affects pathname resolution. Symbolic links were already present by 1978 in minicomputer operating systems from DEC and Data General's RDOS.

This answer would be better if it explained a little bit about why it's "emulated". I believe Android does some hack to fake a FAT fs that's actually backed by something better, but I don't know the details and clicked this question hoping to learn something new.

@R.. the "emulated" IMHO points to the fact that it's an "emulated SD card" (not a real one).

@R.. It uses SDCardFS. Here's an excellent article about it: https://www.xda-developers.com/diving-into-sdcardfs-how-googles-fuse-replacement-will-reduce-io-overhead/ (archive)

/storage/emulated/0/ is actually /data/media/0/ exposed through an emulated / virtual filesystem, not the actual one.
This is with reference to my previous answer here, but with more relevant details.
ANDROID STORAGE:
On Android 5:
/sdcard >S> /storage/emulated/legacy >S> /mnt/shell/emulated/0
/mnt/shell/emulated >E> /data/media

On Android 6+:
# for (Java) Android apps (running inside zygote virtual machine)
# "/storage to VIEW" bind mount is inside a separate mount namespace for every app
/sdcard >S> /storage/self/primary
/storage/self >B> /mnt/user/USER-ID
/mnt/user/USER-ID/primary >S> /storage/emulated/USER-ID
/storage/emulated >B> /mnt/runtime/VIEW/emulated
/mnt/runtime/VIEW/emulated >E> /data/media

# for services/daemons/processes in root/global namespace (VIEW = default)
/sdcard >S> /storage/self/primary
/storage >B> /mnt/runtime/default
/mnt/runtime/default/self/primary >S> /mnt/user/USER-ID/primary
/mnt/user/USER-ID/primary >S> /storage/emulated/USER-ID
/storage/emulated >B> /mnt/runtime/default/emulated
/mnt/runtime/default/emulated >E> /data/media

* >S> for symlink, >E> for emulated and >B> for bind mount
* USER-ID of current user in case of Multiple Users or Work Profile, normally 0 i.e. that of device owner
* VIEW is one of read (for apps with permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) or write (permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) or default (for processes running in root/global mount namespace i.e. outside zygote)
* There were minor differences on previous Android versions but the concept of emulation was same ever since implemented.
* For a little bit more details on Android's mount namespace implementation, see this answer.
In short, /sdcard and /storage/emulated/0 - which represent a FAT/vFAT/FAT32 filesystem - point towards /data/media/0 (or /mnt/expand/[UUID]/media/0 in case of Adoptable Storage) through FUSE or sdcardfs emulation.
Being not Android specific but generally Linux related, symlink and bind mount (see "Creating a bind mount") are out of the scope of this question, as the question is about emulation part mainly.
EMULATION:
Why the emulation is here? Emulated filesystem is an abstraction layer on actual filesystem (ext4 or f2fs) that serves basically two purposes:

Retain USB connectivity of Android devices to PCs (implemented through MTP now a days)
Restrict unauthorized access of apps/processes to user's private media and other apps' data on SD card.

Read Android's Storage Journey for details, the summary is:
Early Android devices were short on internal storage and relied on (physically) external SD cards that traditionally use FAT family of filesystem to ensure compatibility with most of the PCs (refer to Microsoft's dominance on PC world).
When the internal storage grew in size, same filesystem was shifted to internal (still called "external") SD card.
But the FAT/vFAT implementation had two major issues which were addressed by Google gradually:

Android devices were connected to PCs directly (USB Mass Storage) just as we connect a USB drive these days. UMS exposes the device at block level and disconnects the SD card from Android framework (un-mounts), thus making whole data unavailable to apps and possibly breaking many functionalities.
FAT (being Windows' favorite in development days) was never designed to enforce UNIX permissions (mode, uid, gid and likewise symlinks, and ioctls like FS_IOC_FIEMAP). So, all data on SD card was available to all apps (since every Android app is a UNIX/Linux user and has a uid) with no restrictions, hence raising serious privacy and security concerns.

Both of these issues were addressed through emulation:

Actual SD card storage was moved to /data partition (or independent /sdcard partition on some devices previously) which holds ext4 filesystem (gradually being replaced by f2fs), fully implementing UNIX permissions.
This design made using UMS impossible because whole /data partition could not be exposed to PC for 2 more reasons: (1) it contains a lot of settings and apps' data which is to be protected from other apps as well as human users. (2) Linux filesystems are not supported by Windows.
So UMS was replaced with Media Transfer Protocol which is a client-server type extension to PTP - an already established protocol. MTP doesn't expose block device but works through software stack. MTP host runs on Android as an app (android.process.media) fully sandboxed in Android framework, not capable of doing any escalated tasks.

Now the apps (and MTP, which is also an app) interact with emulated storage instead of /data/media, achieving both purposes at the same time i.e. enforcing permission checks underneath and looking like FAT filesystem on upper surface.
Google is now implementing emulation through sdcardfs to overcome shortcomings of FUSE; one major being the input/output overhead i.e. to improve read/write speeds.
EXTERNAL STORAGE PERMISSIONS:
Concept of Public and Private files on external storage can be demonstrated using an example:
Install Termux app.
Create directories /sdcard/Android/data/com.termux/test_dir and /sdcard/test_dir.
Create files /sdcard/Android/data/com.termux/test_file and /sdcard/test_file.
Execute following commands:

* You should have WhatsApp installed or select some other app's private folder.
Now Force Stop the Termux app and grant Storage permission. Execute the commands again:

See the difference in permissions of same files and directories. This seems not to be simply possible without emulation on a native Linux filesystem when there are hundreds of apps (users) to be dealt with simultaneously. This is the filesystem emulation that lets the same file to be exposed with three different sets of permissions at same time independent of it's original permissions on actual filesystem:
# touch /data/media/0/test_file

# stat -c '%a %u %g %n' /data/media/0/test_file
644 1023 1023 /data/media/0/test_file

# stat -c '%a %u %g %n' /mnt/runtime/*/emulated/0/test_file
660 0 1015 /mnt/runtime/default/emulated/0/test_file
640 0 9997 /mnt/runtime/read/emulated/0/test_file
660 0 9997 /mnt/runtime/write/emulated/0/test_file

Also see What is the “u#_everybody” UID?
Related:

Why is the 'storage/emulated/' directory inaccessible?
How can I make a symlink (or equivalent) inside /storage/emulated/0?

+1. I think I misunderstand the part about MTP. Does MTP require a FAT filesystem on the target device to work with? If not, couldn't Google use ext4 filesystem for FUSE implementation as that could also enforce permissions checks needed for an app to access only their data in shared storage?

@Firelord when discussing emulation, focus isn't on MTP implementation. Google already made changes to MTP protocol to meet certain Android needs and possibly they could implement it through some native Linux filesystem. But the point is we need a FAT-like permission-less filesystem that used to be in the early days of Android to ensure backward compatibility and that meets the design of Android's External Storage concept. I've made an edit to elaborate my point.

I didn't see in your sources where you get the symbolic link, emulated mount, and bind mount correspondences from. You should also add that the "emulated" mount is actually a special filesystem mount that behaves like a bind mount.

You should rephrase Actual SD card storage was moved to /data partition (or independent /sdcard partition on some devices previously). It implies that there was no /data directory before the move and implies that the external storage in devices got moved to internal storage, which is not possible.

The phrasing of internal (still called "external") SD card implies the existence of a non-removable SD card in devices.

You say it contains a lot of settings and apps' data which is to be protected from other apps as well as human users, but it is not true. With any file browser installed on my Android device, I can browse all files in the "emulated" SD card and I can do the same with MTP.

@Melab 1). SE is a QA site. Comments here are not for chat. Use appropriate forum for detailed technical discussion.  2). Give me a paid task and I'll provide you a line by line reference to symbolic link, emulated mount, and bind mount correspondences from Android source code and official documentation. 3). Emulated mount behaves more like a stacked filesystem than a bind mount. (continued)

(continued) 4). Yes this is possible. It happened. "Actual SD card storage was moved to /data partition...". /data/media/ is still the external storage, which used to be an actual physical SD card in earlier days. Read Android's Storage Journey at least twice. It also clarifies "Internal" vs. "External" confusion. 5). "... it contains a lot of settings and apps' data which is to be protected...". Here it is the /data partition, not external storage. Please reread. You cannot explorer /data/ without root access.

I understand the emulation being needed for an actual SD cards, but since internal storage has a native support for permissions I don't see why it can't be used directly; this looks like a legacy implementation which should be removed. There seems to be two problems with this: 1. There's no concept of internal storage in Android, so it's emulated as external; 2. User group can restrict direct access to either full or no access. However, considering that users can't deny individual permissions but only permission groups, separate READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission is totally useless anyway...


text:
Delete/remove a calendar in Android AccountManager's database using Tasker intent?
While trying to remove calendars from the Android AccountManager's database using Tasker, I've been exploring the Android calendar provider api but I have not been able to find a command to delete a calendar once it is identified.
Based on https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/providers/calendar-provider#calendar, I tried to use the tasker intent commands to first create a calendar with:
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_INSERT);
intent.setData(CalendarContract.Calendars._ID);
startActivity(intent);

And I have found an event deleting command here:
    https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/providers/calendar-provider#delete-event. It think it deletes eventId 201.
private static final String DEBUG_TAG = "MyActivity";
...
long eventID = 201;
...
ContentResolver cr = getContentResolver();
Uri deleteUri = null;
deleteUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Events.CONTENT_URI, eventID);
int rows = cr.delete(deleteUri, null, null);
Log.i(DEBUG_TAG, "Rows deleted: " + rows);

My question is: does anyone have a suggestion on a java command/intent that can be used to delete a calendar account once I found one?

Edit:
I was looking for the accountmanager. After finding the correct String value for parameter "Type" I can get a list of calendars using the getAccountsByType() method. Afterwards I should be able to loop through that list and apply either the [removeAccount(Account account, Activity activity, AccountManagerCallback<Bundle> callback, Handler handler)][4], or the removeAccountExplicitly(Account account) method.
This is an example script that retrieves the list of android Accounts. Part A1-A11 has been tested and verified with export constraints:

Package name consists of <1 letter>.<1 letter>.com
In advanced app export settings in tasker set the additional permission to:android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS.

This is the tested tasker .xml file of the example script, which I am currently working on:
    <TaskerData sr="" dvi="1" tv="5.2.bf1">
    <Task sr="task27">
        <cdate>1545421710313</cdate>
        <edate>1545513273938</edate>
        <id>27</id>
        <nme>removeDavAccountsAD</nme>
        <pri>100</pri>
        <Kid sr="Kid">
            <eperm0>android.permission.WRITE_SYNC_SETTINGS</eperm0>
            <eperm1>android.permission.MANAGE_ACCOUNTS</eperm1>
            <eperm2>android.permission.AUTHENTICATE_ACCOUNTS</eperm2>
            <eperm3>android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS</eperm3>
            <eperm4>android.permission.ACCOUNT_MANAGER</eperm4>
            <flgs>1</flgs>
            <launchID>27</launchID>
            <pkg>a.be.com</pkg>
            <vMin>25</vMin>
            <vTarg>25</vTarg>
            <vnme>1.0</vnme>
            <vnum>27</vnum>
        </Kid>
        <Action sr="act0" ve="7">
            664
            <Str sr="arg0" ve="3">am</Str>
            <Str sr="arg1" ve="3">AccountManager</Str>
            <Str sr="arg2" ve="3">get
{AccountManager} (Context)</Str>
            <Str sr="arg3" ve="3">CONTEXT</Str>
            <Str sr="arg4" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg5" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg6" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg7" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg8" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg9" ve="3"/>
        </Action>
        <Action sr="act1" ve="7">
            664
            <Str sr="arg0" ve="3">accounts</Str>
            <Str sr="arg1" ve="3">am</Str>
            <Str sr="arg2" ve="3">getAccounts
{Account[]} ()</Str>
            <Str sr="arg3" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg4" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg5" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg6" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg7" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg8" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg9" ve="3"/>
        </Action>
        <Action sr="act10" ve="7">
            664
            <Str sr="arg0" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg1" ve="3">am</Str>
            <Str sr="arg2" ve="3">removeAccountExplicitly
{boolean} (Account)</Str>
            <Str sr="arg3" ve="3">accounts[%item]</Str>
            <Str sr="arg4" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg5" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg6" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg7" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg8" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg9" ve="3"/>
            <ConditionList sr="if">
                <Condition sr="c0" ve="3">
                    <lhs>%a_type</lhs>
                    <op>2</op>
                    <rhs>*at.bitfire.davdroid*</rhs>
                </Condition>
            </ConditionList>
        </Action>
        <Action sr="act11" ve="7">
            548
            <Str sr="arg0" ve="3">After: %a_name</Str>
            <Int sr="arg1" val="0"/>
            <ConditionList sr="if">
                <Condition sr="c0" ve="3">
                    <lhs>%a_type</lhs>
                    <op>2</op>
                    <rhs>*at.bitfire.davdroid*</rhs>
                </Condition>
            </ConditionList>
        </Action>
        <Action sr="act12" ve="7">
            664
            <Str sr="arg0" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg1" ve="3">am</Str>
            <Str sr="arg2" ve="3">removeAccount
{AccountManagerFuture} (Account, Activity, AccountManagerCallback, android.os.Handler)</Str>
            <Str sr="arg3" ve="3">accounts[%item]</Str>
            <Str sr="arg4" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg5" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg6" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg7" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg8" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg9" ve="3"/>
            <ConditionList sr="if">
                <Condition sr="c0" ve="3">
                    <lhs>%a_type</lhs>
                    <op>2</op>
                    <rhs>*at.bitfire.davdroid*</rhs>
                </Condition>
            </ConditionList>
        </Action>
        <Action sr="act13" ve="7">
            664
            <Str sr="arg0" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg1" ve="3">am</Str>
<Str sr="arg2" ve="3">removeAccount
{AccountManagerFuture} (Account, AccountManagerCallback, android.os.Handler)</Str>
            <Str sr="arg3" ve="3">accounts[%item]</Str>
            <Str sr="arg4" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg5" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg6" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg7" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg8" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg9" ve="3"/>
            <ConditionList sr="if">
                <Condition sr="c0" ve="3">
                    <lhs>%a_type</lhs>
                    <op>2</op>
                    <rhs>*at.bitfire.davdroid*</rhs>
                </Condition>
            </ConditionList>
        </Action>
        <Action sr="act14" ve="7">
            40
        </Action>
        <Action sr="act15" ve="7">
            665
            <Int sr="arg0" val="0"/>
            <Str sr="arg1" ve="3">am</Str>
        </Action>
        <Action sr="act2" ve="7">
            664
            <Str sr="arg0" ve="3">%accounts_length</Str>
            <Str sr="arg1" ve="3">accounts.length</Str>
            <Str sr="arg2" ve="3">assign
{int} ()</Str>
            <Str sr="arg3" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg4" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg5" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg6" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg7" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg8" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg9" ve="3"/>
        </Action>
        <Action sr="act3" ve="7">
            548
            <Str sr="arg0" ve="3">Number of accounts: %accounts_length</Str>
            <Int sr="arg1" val="1"/>
        </Action>
        <Action sr="act4" ve="7">
            890
            <Str sr="arg0" ve="3">%accounts_length</Str>
            <Int sr="arg1" val="1"/>
            <Int sr="arg2" val="0"/>
        </Action>
        <Action sr="act5" ve="7">
            39
            <Str sr="arg0" ve="3">%item</Str>
            <Str sr="arg1" ve="3">0:%accounts_length</Str>
        </Action>
        <Action sr="act6" ve="7">
            664
            <se>false</se>
            <Str sr="arg0" ve="3">%a_name</Str>
            <Str sr="arg1" ve="3">accounts[%item].name</Str>
            <Str sr="arg2" ve="3">toString
{String} ()</Str>
            <Str sr="arg3" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg4" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg5" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg6" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg7" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg8" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg9" ve="3"/>
        </Action>
        <Action sr="act7" ve="7">
            664
            <se>false</se>
            <Str sr="arg0" ve="3">%a_type</Str>
            <Str sr="arg1" ve="3">accounts[%item].type</Str>
            <Str sr="arg2" ve="3">toString
{String} ()</Str>
            <Str sr="arg3" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg4" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg5" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg6" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg7" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg8" ve="3"/>
            <Str sr="arg9" ve="3"/>
        </Action>
        <Action sr="act8" ve="7">
            410
            <se>false</se>
            <Str sr="arg0" ve="3">/storage/17EE-2356/titwatest/AccountManager_Accounts1.txt</Str>
            <Str sr="arg1" ve="3">%a_name;%a_type</Str>
            <Int sr="arg2" val="1"/>
            <Int sr="arg3" val="1"/>
            <ConditionList sr="if">
                <Condition sr="c0" ve="3">
                    <lhs>%a_type</lhs>
                    <op>2</op>
                    <rhs>*bitfire.at.davdroid*/*at.bitfire.davdroid*</rhs>
                </Condition>
            </ConditionList>
        </Action>
        <Action sr="act9" ve="7">
            548
            <Str sr="arg0" ve="3">%a_name</Str>
            <Int sr="arg1" val="0"/>
            <ConditionList sr="if">
                <Condition sr="c0" ve="3">
                    <lhs>%a_type</lhs>
                    <op>2</op>
                    <rhs>*at.bitfire.davdroid*</rhs>
                </Condition>
</ConditionList>
        </Action>

            <nme>hl_collections_go_to_today</nme>

    </Task>
</TaskerData>

As soon as I have been able to modify/expand it to delete the accounts, I shall post the solution here as answer.


text:
Huawei bootloader: what is "FB Lock" and how to unlock it?
I was playing around with my spare Huawei phone trying to bypass the security without wiping data and came along this article: https://blog.salvationdata.com/2018/09/07/case-study-mobile-forensics-a-practical-solution-to-unlock-huawei-bootloader/
In step 3, you should "temporarily disable FB lock". What does this mean and how do I unlock it using fastboot? I suppose, that I cannot do that using standard fastboot oem unlock command, but I couldn't find anything else in the fastboot documentation.

EDIT: Result of fastboot help command as requested:
https://pastebin.com/2rhr1PTT
platform-tools$ ./fastboot help
usage: fastboot [OPTION...] COMMAND...

flashing:
 update ZIP                 Flash all partitions from an update.zip package.
 flashall                   Flash all partitions from $ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT.
                            On A/B devices, flashed slot is set as active.
                            Secondary images may be flashed to inactive slot.
 flash PARTITION [FILENAME] Flash given partition, using the image from
                            $ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT if no filename is given.

basics:
 devices [-l]               List devices in bootloader (-l: with device paths).
 getvar NAME                Display given bootloader variable.
 reboot [bootloader]        Reboot device.

locking/unlocking:
 flashing lock|unlock       Lock/unlock partitions for flashing
 flashing lock_critical|unlock_critical
                            Lock/unlock 'critical' bootloader partitions.
 flashing get_unlock_ability
                            Check whether unlocking is allowed (1) or not(0).

advanced:
 erase PARTITION            Erase a flash partition.
 format[:FS_TYPE[:SIZE]] PARTITION
                            Format a flash partition.
 set_active SLOT            Set the active slot.
 oem [COMMAND...]           Execute OEM-specific command.

boot image:
 boot KERNEL [RAMDISK [SECOND]]
                            Download and boot kernel from RAM.
 flash:raw PARTITION KERNEL [RAMDISK [SECOND]]
                            Create boot image and flash it.
 --cmdline CMDLINE          Override kernel command line.
 --base ADDRESS             Set kernel base address (default: 0x10000000).
 --kernel-offset            Set kernel offset (default: 0x00008000).
 --ramdisk-offset           Set ramdisk offset (default: 0x01000000).
 --tags-offset              Set tags offset (default: 0x00000100).
 --page-size BYTES          Set flash page size (default: 2048).
 --header-version VERSION   Set boot image header version.
 --os-version MAJOR[.MINOR[.PATCH]]
                            Set boot image OS version (default: 0.0.0).
 --os-patch-level YYYY-MM-DD
                            Set boot image OS security patch level.

Android Things:
 stage IN_FILE              Sends given file to stage for the next command.
 get_staged OUT_FILE        Writes data staged by the last command to a file.

options:
 -w                         Wipe userdata.
 -s SERIAL                  Specify a USB device.
 -s tcp|udp:HOST[:PORT]     Specify a network device.
 -S SIZE[K|M|G]             Break into sparse files no larger than SIZE.
 --slot SLOT                Use SLOT; 'all' for both slots, 'other' for
                            non-current slot (default: current active slot).
 --set-active[=SLOT]        Sets the active slot before rebooting.
 --skip-secondary           Don't flash secondary slots in flashall/update.
 --skip-reboot              Don't reboot device after flashing.
 --disable-verity           Sets disable-verity when flashing vbmeta.
 --disable-verification     Sets disable-verification when flashing vbmeta.
 --wipe-and-use-fbe         Enable file-based encryption, wiping userdata.
 --unbuffered               Don't buffer input or output.
 --verbose, -v              Verbose output.
 --version                  Display version.
 --help, -h                 Show this message.

There are two types of bootloader locks in Huawei devices: FB Lock and USER Lock.
USER Lock restricts the standard partitions like system, data, recovery, kernel etc, but not the critical bootloader-partitions which I don't remember the names of. (So you can't edit them even if you perform a USER Unlock) The USER Lock is what requires the bootloader unlock code to unlock. Also, there are some hidden hardware commands which are used for serious debugging like JTAG, that cannot be accessed with a USER Unlock.
FB Lock is used for protecting these restricted functions. A FB Unlock works as a key for all of Fastboot. (So if you perform a FB Unlock then you can unlock everything USER Unlock does, and the other restricted stuff) FB Lock is intended to be used by Huawei personnel for repairing. It is NOT supposed to be unlocked by users, but it is possible anyway, as I discovered after quite some research, but it doesn't work on very new firmware versions like EMUI 8.2 or July/August Security patch. It has been used for years by paid software for performing FRP Unlock, full system restoring, and it can even be used for obtaining a bootloader code for USER Unlock. A FB Unlock is usually temporary.
The method of FB Unlock has been kept behind cover for quite some time now, but I saw recently that it has been leaked on XDA. You can check it out here. That guide also covers a method for extracting the NVME partition for a permanent FB  Unlock. If you don't want a permanent FB Unlock, but would like just a normal USER Unlock, you can skip doing steps after 3, but instead when you boot into TWRP, you can use:
su -c "grep -m1 -aoE 'WVLOCK.{14}[0-9]{16}' /dev/block/mmcblk0p7 |grep -aoE '[0-9]{16}'"

That will output the bootloader unlock code which you can use for standard USER Unlock. Good Luck!

Will FB unlock cause a user data wipe? According to the article mentioned in my post, it shouldn't, but I am not sure. Also, if the FB unlock is "more powerful" then User unlock, why if you manage to do FB unlock would you still care about User unlock?

FB Unlock would not cause a user data wipe. I added that part because FB Unlock is so powerful that you can even completely hardware-brick your device, by executing a wrong command. If you be careful about what commands you choose to run then permanent FB Unlock should not be a problem.


text:
How can I save my old, important Whatsapp chat messages from automatic deletion when export doesn't go all the way back?
So, I just scrolled all the way back in a couple of chats and found that the earliest available message was mid-conversation. Everything before that is gone. It seems Whatsapp has been silently deleting old messages. This is highly disturbing to me because the oldest period of messages available right now relate to the last months of my now-deceased mother. A lot of very important messages pertaining to that period are now gone!
Automatic backups to Google Drive have been on, but I just found that Google Drive won't let me download them on my own. The only options it gives me are to turn off the updates or delete the backup. It really pisses me off that Google gives Whatsapp more privilege to access my data than me.
I tried the export chat feature of Whatsapp, but it doesn't export everything. In my most important chat, I can scroll all the way back to September 2017, but the exported file only has from December 13, 2018, a week ago, onwards.
I tried the local backup, the Whatsapp directory in internal storage, but everything there is encrypted! What's it encrypted for, I wonder? So the user can't use it outside of Whatsapp! Great work Whatsapp team! I'm about to flip my bolted down desk!
It seems the only option available to me is to screenshot everything manually from last year onwards (that's gotta be thousands of messages to scroll through and screenshot), but I hope that someone here can give me a better idea to get the plaintext. I don't shy away from complex solutions, and though I'm not an Android developer, I am a programmer with a lot of Linux experience.

The second answer seems more legit because that's what I would suggest off the bat. Gotta find that key. Then decrypt it from your linux machine. I know time is of the essence so I will just link you this explaination: https://www.quora.com/I-have-Crypt12-files-of-my-WhatsApp-account-How-can-I-read-the-messages-from-the-files I do not use whatsapp so it would take me a few weeks to come up with the data and thelp tried and tested answer. The key is stored locally on the device by the way.

@BoLawson Thanks. That shows me that obtaining the key is more practical than I thought it would be. However, that would be if my phone were rooted. It's occurred to me that I can probably use the web client to download the plaintext messages and scrape from there with javascript. I'm currently waiting for it to load the whole chat. It's taking a really long time. I'll write up an answer after I finish to make sure it works first.

What I ended up doing is loading a chat on http://web.whatsapp.com and hit PgUp until I got to the oldest available post. It was seriously slow to load the whole chat. I could load the whole thing in the app in one or two minutes of swiping. In the Whatsapp Web, though, it took many hours. I had to leave a process sending PgUp keypresses to the browser window in a loop for the whole night. In the morning, then, I opened up the web-inspector, found the <div> that held all the chat's contents, right-clicked it, and selected "Copy Outer HTML". I pasted in a file, and that's it. That was in Firefox. I did the same thing in Chromium, just because, and found that Chromium does not copy the whole thing. It truncates :(. To get the whole contents of the tag, I had to select "Edit as HTML", put the text cursor inside the text field, hit Ctrl+a, and copy and paste to a file.
That covers the text, and blurred out previews of images (encoded in base64 in the HTML). The media (pictures, audios and videos) are accessible in the local backup unencrypted. I copied that directory elsewhere lest Whatsapp decided to overwrite it with a backup where it deleted important media.
That's apparently the easiest way to export a chat in Whatsapp. Maybe later, I'll provide instructions on how to cleanup what was pasted into something easier to read. The HTML is seriously ugly, though. There are no good class identifiers to easily restructure it to something more readable; they're all useless randomly generated  strings.

I assume you are trying to export everything, including the media. I think Whatsapp has some limit on the size of back-up it would let you export. Exporting it without media files got me the entire chat backed up. You can always backup the media files manually.


text:
Preventing auto login to the default email on an android tablet
When using an android tablet for the first time, I have to set a default email google account.
When I click on the Gmail icon, it automatically log into my gmail account.
Is there a way to prevent the system from automatic logging in to the default gmail account by clicking on the Gmail icon.
I am seeking a way to force the system to ask for my gmail login password each time there is a try to login to my account by clicking on the gmail icon. This is to prevent anyone who could manage to use my tablet from logging in to my gmail account.

Turn off Gmail sync from settings if that's bothering you.

If it is possible to sign out, the login will appear the next time you try to sign in like signing out from the desktop or laptop.
However, it is not possible to sign out of Gmail for Android unless you remove your account as stated in Sign out of Gmail

The only way to sign out of the Gmail app is to remove your entire account from your phone or tablet

A possible solution to add a security layer before opening Gmail app is to install an app lock from Google Play Store or any market of your preference. These apps allow to lock individual apps. You will still be login to your Gmail account but before opening the app, you will be prompted to enter a pin or pattern.


text:
Enabling developer mode on cash machine
What I have is a cash register machine with a preinstalled custom launcher and Android 7.0
How to access the developer options and connect via adb? There is no settings menu with well known "build number"
I tried switching to recovery mode, but it didn't help me - it shows "no command"

Have you tried fastboot? Then you can flash a custom recovery and access ADB.

Thanks I tried it after your advice
Tried to execute fastboot oem unlock, or fastboot flash unlock
But got an error on device that unlock operation is not allowed


text:
Flash Galay S 3 Mini on Linux
I tried to root my Samsung Galaxy S3 Mini (GT-I8190) to pull the boot.img to flash a custom kernel.
However rooting doesn't seem to be that easy for the Galaxy S3 mini. I was recommended to flash a custom recovery (CWM) to be able to install a random ZIP update file, which is rooted. (I can't believe, it's that difficult, but it seems like...)
So I downloaded all the necessary files (CWM and Update.zip) and looked for a Flashing software. Quickly saw, that fastboot didn't work (Seriously Samsung?!). So I looked for other tutorials NOT including Odin, since I'm working on Arch Linux. I finally found Heimdall and built it.
So I thought I could now flash the recovery. In my PIT, the Partition no. 20 (Index 19) and with the name "Kernel2".
So I tried to flash it: heimdall --Kernel2 recovery.img and heimdall --19 recovery.img. Both reported success, on both methods, the device download screen showed, that the download was complete and the device rebooted.
Still stock recovery
I even tried to flash the Android kernel (Index: 20, Name: "Kernel") with my compiled boot.img, which didn't contain a ramdisk (I don't care, if the device is lost. It's a test device). And it booted. With stock Android.
What's even wierder, is that my device shows:
CUSTOM BINARY DOWNLOAD: YES (5 counts)
CURRENT BINARY: CUSTOM
SYSTEM STATUS: CUSTOM
So it did in fact receive the images, but didn't flash them somehow.
Thanks for reading that question and even more thanks for helping!

Ok, I figured it out.
I had to run it with root permissions.
I don't know, if I've overseen the sharp in the instructions, or if it really wasn't mentioned.
Anyways. Here's my solution, if you're asking the same (in order to not be that guy )


text:
Clearing default opening app
Whenever i open .pdf file from file explorer it automatically opens with wps office but when wps office is unstalled it ask to choose app to open the pdf..How to make file explorer ask to choose program when i click on pdf file.I tried clearing default of all apps

Which version of Android are you using What is the file explorer? Can you be a little bit clear. If the file explorer is asking which app to open pdf files with. is it not the action you want

Its android 7.1.1 gionee inbuilt file explorer...yes file explorer ask that when i uninstalled the app (wps office) i want file explorer to ask when wps office is also installed

Yes, same problem here. I used WPS Office v12.2 build 332 armeabi-v7a on Redmi 6 Global, MIUI 10.4.4.0 Global Stable, and Android Pie. I'm using File Manager by Xiaomi. Still not fixed yet. Please help.

I suspect, it is caused by the File Manager, or WPS Office has been programmed, if it installed, then it will be the default opening app for supported file.

I am facing the same problem. My phone is using WPS office as its default to use pdfs. I cleared the defaults of all the apps but the problem persists. only if I uninstall WPS then the prompt appears to ask my choice of app. It's really frustrating since I like Adobe Acrobat for pdfs and keep WPS only for PPTs. Want to know if you could find a solution to this or not.

There are multiple ways to clear the default action app:

you already noticed it gets cleared when the corresponding app is deleted
same applies if you install another app that could perform the same action
there's a menu in settings where you can clear the default without (un)installing an app. Unfortunately, it's hard to find. Before Android 7 it had an own menu entry in settings. Since Android 7, you need to go to Settings › Apps, tap the app's entry, and will find if it's set as default. With that option you can also made it the default, or remove it from being default.

But there are no any default set in any of app..

I installed other file explorer z archiver it asked to choose between wps office and drive pdf viewer.and i ticked drive pdf viewer and ticked always.now from file explorer that pdf opens with wps office without any promt and with z archiver it opens with drive..now when i uninstalled and again installed z archiver it automatically opens pdf file with drive viewer..i am not getting any promt after agai installing

That's very strange. Have you tried installing another PDF Viewer (link goes to a list on my Android website)? If not, is WPS Office the only app registered for PDF? In that case, the system would chose it automatically, default or not, as it sees no alternative.

Yes i have many app..but no work it only opens with wps if it is installed . If not then it prompts. I think i have to compromise with that

I've got no idea what WPS does there, sorry. Have you checked in its settings (Settings › Apps › WPS Office) if there's something that lets you undo that? If there's not, I'm out of ideas.


text:
Where does Google's Allo store (private) messages and media?
I suppose that messages and media sent and received in incognito mode are encrypted but they have to be stored or at least cached somewhere on the device as long as the timer, if any, has not finished. Does anyone know the location/path in the system where Allo stores normal and private messages and media? Is it accessible without root access?

Please see: Where Android apps store data?

Did that. I found the paths '/Allo' and '/Android/data/com.google.android.apps.fireball'. The first contained only a backup file and sent media. The backup does not contain private chats as far as I know. The second directory only contained another empty folder called 'files'.

And the reral place you could not check as your device isn't rooted: /data/data/com.google.android.apps.fireball. Which is where you'd probably find what you're looking for – if you could.

Note: Google will stop supporting Allo in March 2019


text:
When you record a video at 60 fps, how can you play the video back at 24 fps?
I saw a friend shooting video at 60 fps and then playing the videos back at 24 fps. Seeing the 60 fps video playback at 24 fps was quite amazing and impressive (dramatic almost slow motion effect)!
He did all of this on what looked like an expensive DLSR device.
My question is:
When you record a video at 60 fps, how can you play the video back at 24 fps?
I tried to edit the video on my pixel 2 but there wasn't anything there for changing the fps. Maybe I will try VLC player.

Using VLC player:

play the video
tap the screen to bring up the controls
click the three dots button
click the"playback speed" button
adjust to 45 - 50%
done

It doesn't get you exactly the 24 fps but it's something!
I would love to have a way to export the video at 24fps. Or better video editing for built-in Android apps.

I personally use Cyberlink Power Director on Android for doing this, you need to slow it down to around %45 and then export the video at 24 FPS
Export Steps with Power Director
1 - Select Save Video

2 - Select Save to Device

3 - Select Options

4 - Select Frame rate

5 - Select 24FPS

6 - Optional Bit rate

7 - Save

8 - Export

Awesome screen capture

Frames get dropped, carried over as required. In effect the 60FPS is "strobed" to 24FPS. This is a common topic for home cinema buffs as 24FPS is a standard.
You need to transcode, an android device is not the best for this.
Search for Video Transcoder, maybe have a look at Timbre.
Most people would upload to a workstation for anything serious or large.

Agreed, a workstation is ideal for large videos but Android device's seem to handle 30minute video exports at FullHD, and 4K fairly easily.


text:
How to Transfer apps back to internal storage from sd card on android 7
I moved some of my own downloaded apps to the sd card and now when I go to use them it says they are not installed and won't let me put them back into internal storage.  The 2 options pop up ie: sd card and internal but when I select internal, it does not accept it and leaves them on the card.  It is on my Samsung galaxy tab s2 model SM-T810 running Android 7.  Can anyone help me out please
Liz


text:
Force Samsung s7 to bypass Pattern Lock and use Pin
My daughter has forgotten her pattern lock.  She knows her PIN but it's not giving her that option, only the pattern lock screen.
Is there a way to get access to the PIN lock screen?

The first answer is 'No' as one can use only one type of screen passcode and you are using 'Pattern Lock' so it replaces your 'PIN lock' which you enabled last time.

As I'm not sure of security settings of your device, i am assuming it that it may have previous facility from back days devices that uses first 'PIN'/'PASSWORD' and then additional is 'LOCK PATTERN'.
  If this is the case, try to draw wrong pattern 5 times if PIN is enabled as secondry passcode it would ask you to put your 'PIN'.

Last option would be factory reset your device as it will remove all the current locks.
How to factory reset s7 ?

Turn off your device.
Press and hold the Volume Up and Home buttons.
While continuing to hold volume up and home, press and hold the Power button until RECOVERY BOOTING appears in the upper-left then release all buttons.
Select Wipe data/factory reset option on screen by using your volume +/- key and power button to click option.
Confirm by pressing power button for 'Yes'.
Wait, let the system reset finish.
Now choose 'Reboot'.

Remember: Your device can ask for you to sign in with owner's google account(the account previously signed in before resetting device) as a FRP feature.
So make sure you have credentials of your google account.


text:
Application Permissions
I note that with my Samsung S7 Edge now I have "Permission Monitor" as an option, which is great. Leaving out the whole root option (I don't want to risk it again, it was a $300 fix last time it 'broke') I am looking for a methodology to either:

Allow me to globally refuse permissions to all applications or;
Reset permission settings each time the application is used.

A typical use is I need Facebook (Yes, I know they have the data already...) to have access to photos for example. I enable it, and then never disable it. I want to limit (and this is basically globally) any applications capacity to interact with photos, videos and microphone.

Samsung S7 Edge
$10-30.00 budget for application
Preferably not rooting, Android 7.0 (From memory)

Non-root third party permission managers have to rely on inbuilt appops permission manager. Because appops is not available for third-party apps but only the system apps, former usually resort to an adb hack.
I use App Ops - Permission Manager from Xingchen and Rikka, mostly because of its auto-apply template feature (the global restrictions you're looking for on all new installations). Furthermore, it also provides access to all permissions available under appops for any app, regardless whether the app requests access to such permission or not. It, however, doesn't "reset permission settings each time the application is used".
On first launch, the app would guide you how to setup adb to make the app work. The downside, not limited to this app but quite about every non-root third-party permission manager, is that if you reboot, you'd have to setup the adb hack again or your custom preferences for the apps would fail to work (note: the app itself would fail to work unless adb hack is setup again).


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What does it mean for a corrupted photo to appear on my album?
So I decided to clear out some photo for storage and I pasted by this photo here, but it was corrupted:

The photo was actually took yesterday (12/25/18) but today I open to find it like this. I don't know how the image got to be like that, but I'm worried that it can be a virus or it can damage the phone in another way.

A "virus" is unlikely (no such thing on Android). But it might be faulty storage (or trouble with the camera app). Are other files on the same storage corrupted as well? Is it internal storage, or the external SD card?

Also it happens if an image file is being downloaded from network and the connection is interrupted. Which directory contains this image? Some photo viewers and galleries also have bugs/incompatibilities for certain formats.

I have faced this issue too and in my case i have transferred pictures from another device to my device and Sharing Tool (sharing app) was buggy and it corrupted some files.
So make sure if you transferred from another device.
Or
It could be possible if you have 'Auto Backup' enabled in any cloud storage. It also makes my image looks like yours and what i did uninstalled that app but images that are affected still not recovered.


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Prevent application to make silently install file(s) or making changes
'Request Install Packages' let's say if an app has this permission ex- facebook(Check it in playstore head to facebook then 'app permissions' and click 'see more'. I used to read articles related to security threads to the device and while reading what this permission can bring to the device is look suspicious as it can trigger to install/make change to an existing app silently(without taking any permission from user).

I have then checked many apps that i was going to install but this setting makes me think that it may include security issues. Isn't it ?

Is there any way to prevent making changes silently ?
Can an antivirus prevent these changes to the device's app ?
Android Version: Nougat 7.0

Starting from Android Oreo, you can control this particular permission REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES from within Settings > Apps and notifications > Special app access > Install unknown apps. Or use AppOps as recently answered here: https://android.stackexchange.com/a/205651/218526

Is this the same as setting option in Android N 'Apps that can change system setting' ? It is written under this "select which app can change system settings, such as turning bluetooth on/off". Seems like this option only prevents to turn on/off toggles.

No, they both are different permissions. See https://developer.android.com/reference/android/Manifest.permission.html#WRITE_SETTINGS and https://developer.android.com/reference/android/Manifest.permission.html#REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES

Confused reading that.

Ok. What's is your concern actually and what you want to achieve?

How to prevent an app that making changes silently ? Already told in question.

There are many types of changes an app can make, some are dangerous, some are not. A few can be controlled from within Android's settings, a few need extra apps to be installed, a few needs root access, and a few need Android framework mods like XPOSED. And still there can be some actions you can't restrict an app from performing. This is a wide subject. So if you specify what kind of changes you are afraid of, someone (including me) can answer better :)

There is every info for what is my actual concern.

Ok. So you want to deny REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGE permission to Facebook app, right?

Yep...Deny or you can say it must take permission to make any change or update(changes should not be made silently).

Let us continue this discussion in chat.

Request install will require the user to accept the install, this permission is probably used for two things on Facebook specifically

Redirecting users to install Messenger
Redirecting users to install Updates to Facebook

I understand your concern with allowing an application to install other applications without notification, but this is not possible, the permission only allows the application to redirect the user for installs, you still need to accept the installation.
You can prevent the application by using a permission manager, some of them recompile the application and completely disable the permissions, other use AppOpps to disable the permission.

AppOps on Nougat doesn't address REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES. It started with Oreo.

Can you use another permission manager to do the same ?

Xposed is actually fairly simple... They make it out to be more than it is ... It's just the app_process file being replaced with a vulnerable one.

It's not ethical to hinder ones ability in modifying an open sourced project .. it almost breaches the AOSP license that makes Android Open Sourced. .. they're trying to make Android more secure, however that has made it harder for some mods to work ... I understand what you mean though... root access is harder and harder, system modifications are getting impossible... It's definitely counterproductive towards the project, hindering manufacturers abilities to customize the OS is usually a DON'T with any OS that aims to be universal ( TV, Tablet, Computer, Phone ).. Manufacturers like control.