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How to fix jittery GPS readings that occurred out of the blue?
I have a Xiaomi Mi A1 running Android 8.1.0 and had no issues with it whatsoever but lately, completely out of the blue, the GPS readings became really jittery when using the phone for running tracking. I've been running with it for as long as I had it (a year or so), using Endomondo exclusively all that time as well. Then, one day two weeks ago or so (doesn't correlate with any update the phone would inform me about or anything), the readings just became really inaccurate, with distance error being something between 1 and 2km depending on the length of the run.
Just look at the comparison of an example of a concrete path along the lake near me from 3 months ago:
...and today:

It's a good example cause the path is always the same there, you can't run along it in any other way cause there literally is only one way to traverse it.
What could have happened and how can I try to fix it? All the obvious things are done of course, like restarting the phone, allowing Endo to use location features, turning battery optimization off for the app or other trivialities from the official Endo GPS troubleshooting guide.
EDIT with further researching: Tried checking whether the location data stutters when the phone is in place today too to make sure it's not a loose antenna problem for example and there are no changes in the location at all. It's completely stable and constant as long as the phone is in one place and then updates with no problems as soon as you move it. Also, I've changed during the run today and there are constantly between 12 and 18 satellites (out of 32) that the phone is connected to.
I don't think this is an Endomondo problem either cause I checked my Google Maps Timeline as I have it on and it makes the same weird twists in my routes as Endo, suddenly drawing my path through the buildings or concrete walls (like seen in the first post).
EDIT2: I thought this may have something to do with an update that does not get along well with something in my phone but I recently received an update to Android 9 and after extensive testing I have to admit the very same problem persists :( Does that mean something hardware-related malfunctioned in my device and I can do nothing to fix this apart from sending it in?

Is there something "official" next to your track like a jail or a government building that may use a GPS jammer? I would use an app like GPS Status to check how may satellites are available when you are on the track.

Could one representation be while your GPS is HOT and the othet is COLD.... Some GPS take half an hour to warm up and get an accurate reading.... You may also have had a different phone cover, some cover's don't leave a hole for the GPS sensor to see the sky properly.   ... Network location, Warmth of GPS and Covering the sensor are the usual cause's....     Some days the device will not be seen by enough satellite's to calculate your position accurately, a cloudy day eg....

@Robert - nope, there isn't. Plus, it happens wherever I'm running, not only in the spot from the screenshot - I just showed the part near the lake cause it's open terrain and I always run there the same way so I thought it'd be a clear example. I've tried using GPS Status to flush and re-download AGPS data like the troubleshooting guide suggested and had the app overlay on the last time I went running but it didn't change anything. And I don't think the number of satellites are the problem cause the same issues are present when I'm running through the city center for example :(

@Zillinium - I mean, the first one certainly is from warmer months but it's not like it's the first winter during which I'm running. Also, while some of my phones had the tendency to malfunction GPS-wise in real cold (-15 centigrades or so), right now the winter here is more like 0^C-ish so I don't think it really qualifies as extreme conditions :( Also, I've tried carrying the phone in the exact same armband I used to carry it in those 3 months ago and it didn't change a thing.

I do not mean warm as in summer.... https://www.jimilab.com/blog/the-meaning-of-cold-and-warm-gps-tracker.html


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after rooting phone, can I remove all traces of original phone carrier?
Forgive my mobile ignorance.  I have a Galaxy S4 from Verizon (sch-i545), and I do not use it as a phone anymore.  What I want to do is turn it into basically a very simple media device for kids' use on wifi at home.  Almost a tablet.  I want a very clean version of Android, and I will install a very few number apps, just a few carefully-selected things that my children can use.
If I root the phone and then install a custom ROM (I haven't done this yet but see plenty of tutorials online), will I be able to achieve what I want, or will my phone keep complaining about not having a SIM card?  And will it still think it is associated with Verizon (custom splash screen and who-knows-what-else)?
Certainly, I could just factory reset it and disable the dozens of bloatware apps, but I'd feel especially content to do a little more than that and have the knowledge that it's just a little computer running  the custom android version I want without any Verizon fingerprints upon it.

That's usually all associated with your modem data, if you replaced your modem software with another it'd change your IMEI number etc... So generally a custom ROM will avoid changing the modem... It's in a separate partition and sometimes not even accessible by a booted system... You will most likely still have the mobile network provider's lock to the network using the modem information like your IMEI number, etc.... You can remove the SIM stuff and make it a WIFI Only device ( similar to some tablets ) ... You would be able to use the device with NO sim card, but not another provider's sim .

As its hardware is still altered by Verizon, you'll likely not be able to perfectly swap out the OS, since the bootloader of your device is still locked down by Verizon, and that makes sure you don't touch anything related to boot (it won't boot up if you do), so it is also impossible to replace the splash screen that shows up first when you boot the device up.
That being said, it still shouldn't complain about anything Verizon wants the device to complain about. Everything you see after the device ends the boot animation and displays the lock screen are controlled by the custom ROM. So if the custom ROM developer doesn't want the ROM to complain about anything (and that is kind of the point of a custom ROM!) you should be fine. Also Verizon would not be able to interfere with your device functions remotely.

source: Stack Exchange

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

sort: votes


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How to restore an encrypted SD card backup after factory reset?
I did a factory reset and then realized that I didn't decrypt my SD Card. I know that the data is probably lost, but I did make a complete copy of the Internal Storage.
Is there a way to copy back to the phone, the encryption key? I also know the password I used to generate the encryption. Where is the encryption key file located?
Edit: I made a copy of Internal Storage folder connecting the Samsung J5 mobile to a PC, but I can't find /data/misc/vold. What am I doing wrong?

Internal Storage is /data/media/0 (therefore /data/* not included)

The encryption key should be located in /data/misc/vold. If you backed up that directory, you should see a .key file with a long name inside. Open that file with a hex editor, and copy the 16-bit key. You can decrypt your storage using this command in a Linux distribution:
dmsetup create crypt1 --table "0 `blockdev --getsize <your device ID, ex:/dev/sdb>` crypt \aes-cbc-essiv:<key you copied> 0 <your device ID again> 0"

Source of the command

all_licenses: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Can't install apps after factory reset
I have a Lenovo Tab 4 10-inch tablet (Lenovo TB-X304F). Recently I had an error on it and had to perform a factory reset, and I'm experiencing problems reinstalling some apps I had installed before.
I have never rooted this tablet. Before the factory reset I did install some non-Google Play apps, but since the factory reset I have only installed apps from the Google Play Store. The tablet and apps are up to date, and the tablet is running Android 8.1.0.
Here is the most recent app problem. I purchased "Planescape: Torment" on November 11, and I installed it on my tablet around that time. However, now that I'm trying to install it again after performing the factory reset, I've had two errors, depending on the method I use to try to install it.
If I try to install it using the Google Play app on my tablet, it says "Your order is processing, your item will be available in a few minutes." (And I did not purchase this recently; I purchased it well over a month ago.) It lists the app as being $9.99 when I view it, as though I hadn't bought it, but when I tap on the button as though I'm going to purchase it, Google Play asks for the standard app permissions and then shows that error. It does exactly the same thing when I try to install it from the library list of all of my apps in the Google Play app.

If I try to install it from the Google Play website, the website tells me it's already installed on my tablet, which is no longer true. It used to be installed; it is not now.

I've cleared the cache and the data from the "Google Play Store" app and the "Google Play services" app. I chatted with Google Customer Support and they had me uninstall updates to the Google Play Store and then update it again, but that made no difference. I have of course turned the tablet off and back on. The Google Play Store doesn't seem to have registered that the app was uninstalled, and I don't know how to trigger that, and I have no idea what to do about the message I'm getting in the Google Play app itself on my tablet.
Does anyone know how I can resolve this and get my old apps reinstalled? Thanks!

https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/20777/cant-install-previously-installed-apps-from-google-play possible duplicate

Thanks, Bo Lawson. I actually had reviewed that post before putting up this post, and the methods there did not resolve the issue. But I was able to resolve it via another approach.

Google Support had me try a number of things that didn't help, but when they had me remove my payment methods, that seemed to do it. I had already removed and added my Google accounts from my device, which I didn't think would help because it clearly wasn't a problem specific to my device. (I had realized I also couldn't install that game or other games I'd bought to my phone, a separate device, so it wasn't device-specific.) The last thing I did was remove my payment methods and cancel a subscription in Google Play, and then I could install my apps to my tablet and phone. I'm not sure how that fixed it, but it did. It seemed to "reset" my devices with Google Play, so to speak. If anyone knows how that resolved the issue, I'd love to hear. I'm glad it worked, but I don't know why it worked.

I saw  the "Your order is processing, your item will be available in a few minutes."  message while trying to fix an order gone bad.....
I was trying to purchase a "second phone line" in the Hushed app.  The subscription/purchase had gone through Play store (where I was charged) but something went wrong on the handover to the app vendor or at the app vendor and the line did not appear.
Each subsequent time I tried to purchase that item, I got the "Your order is processing, your item will be available in a few minutes." message.
I ended up cancelling the subscription that existed on Google Play, then purchasing another subscription.  So yes, I payed for the first month of the subscription twice, hardly an ideal fix.


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How can I speed up sidereel.com using Chrome on my android TV PCs?
I have several android TV PCs, all with the same apps and configurations. One use is watching streamed shows on TV. I use sidereal.com to keep up with my shows, but it takes forever for the site to load and navigate. These are 8x ARM Cortex-A53 CPUs running at 1000mhz, 2gb ram, android 7.1.2, rooted, Xposed framework.
If I view sidereal.com on a Windows machine or android phone, the site renders quickly. I understand the TV PCs are not going to work as well, but they should work better. Other sites viewed on the TV PCs work fine. For instance dailymail.co.uk works good, with a very long page scroll and much content. DickMorris.com and Facebook.com work excellent and play videos. I have no problem navigating or streaming Amazon, Hulu, or Netflix. For some reason sidereal.com does not work well on these devices.


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List apps on SD card
I'm running LineageOS 14 (Android 7) and my SD card was formatted as adoptable storage. I want to revert it to portable storage, without loosing apps, so I need to move those apps back to internal storage beforehand.
However I don't know which apps are stored on the SD card just now, and checking them manually, one after the other, using the Settings menu, is quite slow and error-prone.
How do I get a list of apps that are stored the SD card?

A drastic measure could be to remove the SD card, and note all the apps that will not work properly

Very simple use the file manager and browse to sdcard/Android/data all the apps are there. Using solid explorer I can even see the app icons. (Not guaranteed, can show apps that don't store data on the SD card)
Alternatively you can just view the storage settings, click the sdcard f2fs and then apps and they are all listed there.

Note that sdcard/Android/data only lists data apps stored on the card. By what's there you cannot tell whether an app having its data here is installed on SD card or internal. I have several data directories in that place though I haven't installed a single app on SD card.

Huh, TIL thanks @Izzy. The second method it is then.

There is a hidden directory on the card containing moved apps. But without root, you cannot see it. I don't remember the name (as I never used that myself), something like .android_secure (and files with the extension .asec) I vaguely remember.

I agree with Izzy the first solution (sdcard/Android/data) is not 100% correct. The second one seems to have the same problem, because it lists apps that take space from the sd card, which are not necessarily the same that are installed there. Though both solutions might just be good enough, depending on the list size and other factors, they aren't in my case.


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How to fix "fastboot FAILED (command write failed (Success))" error?
I tried to flash twrp image in POCO F1 by using the command fastboot flash recovery  twrp.img. But it didn't work. It showed the error message:
fastboot FAILED (command write failed (Success))

What could be the possible reasons?

It can be one of the following issues:
1) Your TWRP image is corrupt. Try downloading the image again, or download from another source.
2.) There is an issue with your USB connection. Check your USB ports and the cable, or try another PC.
Also, are you using a Linux distribution? There is a known issue with Fastboot that sometimes causes the error you mentioned in Linux, so try a Windows PC if you can.

ya. I was using Linux distro, which was showing me this error. So I tried from a windows machine and it worked

FTR: In my case the connection was faulty. Type-C to Type-C cable was giving me this error; when I switched to Type-A-to-Type-C everything started working smoothly.

authors: webknjaz -- Слава Україні


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Where to find information about WiFi connectivity of the device?
is there a way I can find information about my device's connectivity to WiFi network? I need information like: what network I'm connected too, what is the mac address of the router, how long have I been connected, when was the initial connection.
I tried looking in proc/net, but I didn't find any useful information there? Is there any other place I can look in?

You can use various Wifi/network analysis apps from Play Store to get some of the information you're looking for. I suggest IP Tools. In its default screen/view, you would get to see following information et al:

SSID
Internal IP
Your Android device's MAC address
Gateway
DNS
Frequency
BSSID (your router's MAC address)
Lease duration

If you need more information, you'd need to setup adb and issue this command:
adb shell dumpsys wifi

It would throw incredible amount of information, most of it incomprehensible for an end-user. However, it would show even such information not available to apps, such as, when was the device last connected or disconnected from a Wi-Fi.
In my Android 8.1.0 (OnePlus 6), I get to see this information et al:

WifiMetrics:
mConnectionEvents:

startTime=12-23 21:36:05.762, SSID="Connected, no internet", BSSID=ROUTER'S_MAC_ADDRESS, durationMillis=1530, roamType=ROAM_UNRELATED, connectionResult=
1, level2FailureCode=NONE, connectivityLevelFailureCode=NONE, signalStrength=-34, wifiState=WIFI_DISCONNECTED, screenOn=true. mRouterFingerprint: mCo
nnectionEvent.roamType=0, mChannelInfo=2412, mDtim=0, mAuthentication=2, mHidden=false, mRouterTechnology=4, mSupportsIpv6=false

startTime=12-23 22:32:56.874, SSID="Connected, no internet", BSSID=ROUTER'S_MAC_ADDRESS, durationMillis=1541, roamType=ROAM_UNRELATED, connectionResult=
1, level2FailureCode=NONE, connectivityLevelFailureCode=NONE, signalStrength=-28, wifiState=WIFI_DISCONNECTED, screenOn=true. mRouterFingerprint: mCo
nnectionEvent.roamType=0, mChannelInfo=2412, mDtim=0, mAuthentication=2, mHidden=false, mRouterTechnology=4, mSupportsIpv6=false

startTime=12-23 22:36:49.886, SSID="Connected, no internet", BSSID=ROUTER'S_MAC_ADDRESS, durationMillis=1542, roamType=ROAM_UNRELATED, connectionResult=
1, level2FailureCode=NONE, connectivityLevelFailureCode=NONE, signalStrength=-28, wifiState=WIFI_DISCONNECTED, screenOn=true. mRouterFingerprint: mCo
nnectionEvent.roamType=0, mChannelInfo=2412, mDtim=0, mAuthentication=2, mHidden=false, mRouterTechnology=4, mSupportsIpv6=false

The aforesaid information tells me the last three times (because I restarted my device earlier, so not much of earlier information available) my device connected to a Wi-Fi.
If you look into the log entries under Dump of WifiConnectivityManager you would get to know more info on when the device was disconnected and then connected.
Moreover, the dump output also has all the information I listed above for IP Tools app. It is only a matter of filtering the important information out of that dump.

Thanks for the reply? Is it possible running dumpsys wifi, using Java RunTime, I want to process that information and show connection time to the user.

I don't know about that. Sorry!


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How many days will take to delete my WhatsApp account after uninstalling?
I am very irritated with my friends and WhatsApp messages. I can't concentrate on my works. I am decided to uninstall my WhatsApp app from mobile. How many days will take to delete my WhatsApp account after uninstalling?

I'm pretty sure you need to delete it separately... Unless they check active installations and remove accounts accordingly, the usual method of handling active user's is to require them to press "Delete Account" in Account settings prior to uninstalling.
An uninstall on android doesn't usually run anything, so it'd be hard for WhatsApp to remove the account whilst uninstalling ... Example, windows computers can run an extra code while uninstalling, it'll ask if you'd like to view the website or provide feedback on the uninstall.... Android should implement this one day, but for now it's seen as a method of stopping the app from being uninstalled, for example, your app could kill the uninstall process every time you attempt to uninstall it ... Making it a stubborn virus ( hypothetically ) ... Windows computers suffer with this problem and i don't think Android wants the same problems...
So because the application is sandboxed on uninstall, it can't remove your account from the server if you are uninstalling it .... This is extremely unhelpful for developing applications that modify system files and need to repair the files on an uninstall.. The app is killed on uninstall and can not restore the original files without including an uninstall button inside the application to handle everything prior to using uninstall ( make your own uninstaller ) ....
You need to remove, delete or disable your account on the WhatsApp Account settings prior to performing an uninstall... It's a limitation of Androids uninstalling process.
Alternatively WhatsApp could also check active installations and accounts associated with them, after an installation is missing, they can identify the account associated with it and remove it automatically... i believe this is what you theorized would happened, this usually isn't the method taken by any company, most want more user's and easier sign up processes, so it'd be counterproductive to remove accounts... it's easier for the end user to just reinstall the app and use the old logon information than to recreate an entire account, and it's better for the company to have more ( " Active " ) users.


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dmesg unable to enumerate usb device on google nexus 7 2013 wifi version
I installed android file transfer and flashed the ROM of Google Nexus 2013 WIFI tablet by executing the flash-all script command on my macbook pro macOS Mojave. This tablet has issue with usb connection before and it will drop the USB connection after few minutes. I believe the usb connection disconnected while trying to write the firmware to the tablet. The dmesg shows the following now after the ROM flash failure

[44561.880936] usb 1-1-port2: Cannot enable. Maybe the USB cable is bad?
  [44562.790961] usb 1-1-port2: Cannot enable. Maybe the USB cable is bad?
  [44562.791046] usb 1-1-port2: unable to enumerate USB device

This is what i have tried so far

Use different USB cables
Create 51-android.rules file and then reboot

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ cat /etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules
  SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e41", MODE="0666", > OWNER=“pi” # MTP media (multimedia device)
  SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e42", MODE="0666", > OWNER=“pi” # MTP media with USB debug on(multimedia device)
  SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e43", MODE="0666", > OWNER=“pi” # PTP media (camera)
  SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e44", MODE="0666", > OWNER=“pi” # PTP media with USB debug on (camera)
  SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e40", MODE="0666", > OWNER=“pi” # Bootloader
  SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="d001", MODE="0666", > OWNER=“pi” # Recovery

lsusb did not show the google nexus devices
Hard reset and factory reset the tablet
Added product id into adb_usb.ini
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ cat ~/.android/adb_usb.ini
0x18d1
Took out cover and then disconnect the battery connection and then reconnect

I have done all the above using raspberry pi with raspbian OS. However, the raspberry pi is still not able to recognize my tablet.
I did the following on the Windows computer as well. I plugged in the device and checked the device manager application. It says that the device is unknown. I downloaded the driver from the internet and then try to update it through the device manager. Computer tells me that there is no driver installed while simultaneously saying that the driver is up to date. I believe I have enabled the USB debugging method before the ROM flash but the tablet seems to be completely out of OS now. I am just wondering whether anyone has solution to this?I have tried a lot of method with no avail


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Hangouts Face icons dim to bright
Help me understand icons under messages going from live then back to dim under message.
When I send a message on hangouts the contact face shows live under the message, then reverts back to dim above the message.

So, you know how when you receive a message, there's a notification at the top of your screen? (When the icon is bright, it means person in question is looking at your message) Maybe it means that they have seen the notification, but have not yet responded and continued doing  what they had  been doing.


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Persistent data after application removal
After uninstalling some apps, some data remain
Where are these files located ? All of them
Where is licensing data stored ?
SD maid nor Revo Uninstaller Mobile could find anything, but data DO remain
Example:
OCR Text scanner
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.offline.ocr.english.image.to.text
I've uninstalled many times, including with the mentioned tools
The whole history, pictures and licensing information (don't know if linked to google) are kept

What app you are talking about in specific and how do you know that data is stored? Please give some details so that it's easy to explain. Are you talking about app's license used by PlayStore?

Example added to the body of the OP

I installed your linked app, used it a bit and uninstalled. As expected, uninstalling removed /data/data/com.offline.ocr.english.image.to.text and /sdcard/Android/data/com.offline.ocr.english.image.to.text but retained folders /sdcard/OCRApp and /sdcard/OCRTextScanner which I deleted manually. After reinstallation, no data persists. However I didn't test app with network connection. May be the app backs up its data to servers.


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Is it possible to delete images from the wallpaper folder on android?
I downloaded a photo from facebook, and set it as the wallpaper on my phone, then decided I wanted to remove it again. The problem is, I have not yet been able to find a way to delete photos from the wallpaper and lock screen selection. I can understand that they might not want me deleting the stock ones, but it seems there is also no way to delete the ones I loaded.
I am on the Oneplus 3T, if that makes any difference. Also, I deleted the photo from the downloads folder, but it still remains there as an option for a wallpaper or lock screen.

Normally, it is the home launcher app which changes the wallpaper in the device, both for home screen and lock screen. For default stock home launcher in OxygenOS, the custom image wallpapers are saved inside /data/user/0/net.oneplus.launcher/files/ with prefix wallpaper.
So, without root access, all you can do is bear that entry, or, clear data for your launcher app (which would remove all the settings and changes you've ever made in that launcher). To clear data, go into Settings app → Apps → choose Show system apps → locate your home launcher app → Storage → Clear data.
For rooted devices only
If you want to prevent that image to reappear in wallpaper selection view, you have to edit the database inside which its entry is stored and then delete that entry. Simply removing the wallpaper file from data directory doesn't always work.
The database you're looking for is named saved_wallpaper_images.db located inside /data/user/0/net.oneplus.launcher/databases. You'd need tools to edit that database.
You can pull it into your PC, edit it using a compatible software, push it back and then fix permissions. This is a messy solution.
You can use sqlite3 inary compiled for your device's architecture and then use it within your device to edit out that database. You'd need to search on web some commands (common enough) to load a database, locate a table, and delete a row. This is again messy.
There are some apps which claim to both read and write an app's database, such as SQLite Editor. It didn't work in my case though. I have My Android Tools (Pro) (not available in Play Store anymore) and I used it to remove the entries for wallpapers from the aforesaid database. It is quite easy to use. Select the app, select the database, select the table, then row and tap on delete icon.

Under Settings > Device care > Storage > User date > Files check the wallpaper file you want to delete.  At bottom of screen is the trash barrel symbol.  Press it then reboot the Android device.  The wallpaper file is gone.

Hello Verne. On which Android device and Android version did you solution? My OnePlus 6 running Android 10 doesn't have Device care setting and  either does it show wallpapers under Storage > Files.

I believe you should be able to just tap & hold the undesired picture in the selection screen, and then tap the trash icon that appears on the top right of the screen.
Note this is on Android 11 on a Pixel phone

Cussed out Samsung for not making this easy. If you have selected one or more image(s) to use as either lock screen or homepage images the solution is to move just one of the images to another location other than PICTURES then reboot. If you don't reboot the system will just complain that you have to select another image but you can't.  Just reboot and that apparently clears the image list. Now it's just a matter of running the wallpaper tool, selecting the image(s) you want to use and the list is rebuilt. Pain in the wazoo but works.


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My Phone wont detect controller without 3rd party apps
My phone is Xiaomi A1.
I am using OTG type C -> Controller to USB adapter -> PS2 Controller
alot of online guide i read, i only need to plug it in.
But i need to use previous version of USB/BT Joystick Center 2019, for my phone to detect it.
The problem is this apps treating D-pad & Left Analog as same input,same as face buttons & right analog.
And it detected my USB adapter as PSX adapter.
Are there work around, or alternative apps for it?

*** SOLUTION -> press analog button between analog sticks and it will work properly ***
--- ALSO WORKS WITH MANY MANY MANY different controllers which have mode/home/analog or some strange additional button u normally dont see on anything else ---
+++ for example Genius MaxFire Grandias 12 have mode button which by default is glowing in green and its in digital mode but after u press it it turns red and its changes to analog mode +++
That is most stupid thing i experienced with controllers and i have like 14 different ones already (for pc) and tested twice more i believe but as i see issue exists even on phones.
I was looking for something else and i found this question by accident. Solution is on top and reason why it happens is that 99% of controllers with analog sticks have 2 mods:

Digital
Analog

in digital mode u can have only up down left right and in most cases left stick is adapting dpad while right is adapting face buttons just for sake of giving them some functionality in that mode, but for some controllers its like analog and dpad works as dpad but face buttons loses functionality and right stick is taking it over i have no idea why but in like 90% of cases right stick works as face buttons but face buttons work properly
as for Analog mode ur both sticks have 360° of movement dpad still have up down left right and right stick becomes another 360° stick and now face buttons works just fine


text:
Can the LG K20V be rooted?
I can't find anywhere stated the LG K20 phone can be rooted safely.
Does anyone know if its possible? And what steps do you take? Thanks.

The LG K20V is a Verizon phone, Verizon phones come with locked bootloader, and there is no known way to unlock the bootloader. It is not possible to root without unlocking bootloader, so it is not possible to root a LG K20V phone.

Comments are not for extended discussion; this conversation has been moved to chat.


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International roaming, forbidden networks, hidden sim toolkit on one plus 5T
I have used international roaming many times before with my one plus 5T and my native Vodafone India providers roaming plan. But this time I landed in Germany and it did not work.
I've been trying to debug and even on manual network selection most of the networks appear as "forbidden". Same networks used to latch on on earlier trips. My native Vodafone provider confirms that roaming is indeed active on my plan.
I tried to reboot, reinsert the Sim but nothing works.
One of the debug steps suggested involved steps in the Sim toolkit app. This app is somehow visible under apps but I cannot seem to find it anywhere. Ideas? How can I find where it is to use it.
Even in network settings the sin toolkit option does not seem there. Other users seem to have it there. I cleared my cache but no help.
Anything else I can try to fix this?
I am on Android 8.1.0 and oxygen is version 5.1.7
Any tips are very welcome! I'm stuck here in Germany with no connectivity and my providers help desk is pretty useless.
Eg. Would inserting the Sim into another device and then back into this one help? Are there roaming related settings that need to be pushed onto the Sim?

Sim Toolkit package is com.android.stk. If you cab check if it is installed (it should be installed) using the commands adb shell pm list packages | grep -n com.android,stk using a PC or pm list packages | grep -n com.android.stk via a terminal app.

@Reddy: I added a screenshot. It shows that sim toolkit is installed. But how do I access it? Not showing up in my app list

See https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/30098/how-to-run-a-specific-apps-action-via-terminal

I also faced the same problem with OnePlus5 mobile and with Vodafone IN. The local networks in Germany were showing as forbidden. The debug is to go to Sim Tool Kit -> International Roaming -> Select International from the options.
Then try to manually search the network. This time also the networks may show up as forbidden, however click on the correct network and the settings will be completed automatically and you will be latched to International Roaming.

Glad it fixed the problem for you! In my case Sim Tool Kit itself is not visible. So could not try that.

I had same problem with Airtel but in another country. But same SIM worked in same phone in some other countries. When I used to land in one particular country it won't latch to any network. I was having this problem for almost one year. I managed by inserting the SIM in a feature phone and it worked well. Finally I figured out what needs to be done to make it work in a smartphone. Please go to manual network selection and select your operator even if it shows as forbidden. It worked for me and might work for other also.

It disconnects after one minute

In case it helps others here's how I fixed the issue: Take any other phone, maybe borrow one from a German local (I had a backup Moto G with me) and insert your SIM card in the new phone.
This action will somehow activate it. Then reinsert the SIM into the original One Plus 5T and magically everything works fine again.


text:
Photo contrast changes right before sharing
I sometimes share pictures from the Gallery app (Samsung), but just before my sharing options come up, I can very clearly see that it increases the contrast (making it look unnatural). I have tried searching in settings, without any luck. Has anyone found a solution for this?
Samsung Galaxy
Android: 8.1.0
Samsung experience: 9.5

Older Samsung do the same. Or perhaps the targeted photo social


text:
How to Play Sound from Termux when using Linux?
I have a problem with audio streaming that I can not listen audio from Pulseaudio when using VNC with a Linux Desktop Environment.
However it works if I export the audio to XSDL. But the problem is that after I exit the application the sound does not work in the background.
I know that Pulseaudio only supports Xorg servers, so how to stream audio to VNC or any other application on Android and to run it in the background.
I know that there is an application Simple Protocol Player that listens to pulseaudio sound from Xorg Server, but it does not work for me and I do not know the reason.

Which is your client, Linux or Termux? Which computer are you trying to get the audio to work on, the client or the server? Which device is PulseAudio installed on?

There are two possibilities I know of, to play sound from a Linux environment on Android device:

Play through native ALSA libraries
Stream through PulseAudio

Forward to X Server (on UNIX or TCP socket)
Stream over IP (TCP or UDP) e.g. when using VNC

First method works natively through ALSA kernel module/drivers while second and third work through PulseAudio libraries i.e. different modules and protocols (pulseaudio package should be installed on Termux / Linux distro).
Mostly Android OEMs base their sound architecture on ALSA, though not necessary:

"You can use Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA), Open Sound System (OSS), or a custom driver"

In case of ALSA kernel lists devices in /dev/snd/ which can be manipulated to direct sound towards sound card. Complete tutorial can be found here. It works, but not for all sound formats. It's because ALSA drivers loaded on Android devices can't be controlled (at least I could not) through standard Linux userspace tools in straightforward manner because they aren't compatible (refer to changes/additions in Linux kernel by Google/OEMs, the closed source proprietary HALs in userspace, and differences in ALSA vs. TinyALSA). Also access to /proc/asound/ is not possible without root, see details in this answer. ALSA project is here.
Also there are more customized solutions that work with ALSA and PulseAudio both such as Music Player Daemon.
When using X Server:
XSDL Server is the only well developed X server Android app I know of, no more developed unfortunately. It has a built-in PulseAudio server with module-cli-protocol-tcp already loaded, listening on standard port 4712 by default. Once the X Session is started on Linux, we can direct sound from Linux PulseAudio client libraries to XDSL PulseAudio server by setting the following environment variable on Linux:
$ export PULSE_SERVER=tcp:127.0.0.1:4712

* 127.0.0.1 indicates that Linux and XDSL are running on same device
Or to set permanently, edit file:
# /etc/pulse/client.conf or ~/.config/pulse/client.conf

default-server = tcp:127.0.0.1:4712

Now any media player running in this environment that makes use of PulseAudio client libraries, will stream its audio to XDSL app. You can forward X session display and sound to X server running on a PC as well but that needs a more complicated setup.
When using VNC:
VNC protocol by default doesn't support sound. However, PulseAudio server can stream over TCP/UDP using different protocols. There are apps available for Android that can play simple protocol (e.g. Simple Protocol Player) and real-time transport protocol (e.g. VLC). For this we need to load the related PulseAudio module.
To setup local PulseAudio daemon, first of all comment out following lines:
# /etc/pulse/default.pa

#ifexists module-console-kit.so
#load-module module-console-kit
#.endif

Otherwise daemon will fail to start if /usr/lib/pulse*/modules/module-console-kit.so exists but consolekit package isn't installed (which is deprecated, replaced by systemd-login and no more present on many Linux repos).
Ensure that autospawn is set to yes so that we don't need to start daemon manually and it is auto started by Desktop Environment. Not necessary if we start daemon manually.
# /etc/pulse/client.conf

# Autospawn a PulseAudio server/daemon when needed
autospawn = yes

Now start pulseaudio daemon and note the value of source, for me it's auto_null.monitor:
$ pulseaudio --start && pactl list | grep -A2 -i RUNNING
$ DISPLAY=:0 pulseaudio --start

Load simple-protocol module:
$ DISPLAY=:0 pactl load-module module-simple-protocol-tcp rate=48000 format=s16le channels=2 source=auto_null.monitor record=true port=8000 listen=127.0.0.1

Or to set permanently, edit file:
$ echo 'load-module module-simple-protocol-tcp rate=48000 format=s16le channels=2 source=auto_null.monitor record=true port=8000 listen=127.0.0.1' >> /etc/pulse/default.pa

Following should be enabled in DE startup settings, necessary because some programs such as emixer on Enlightenment Desktop Environment works only if PulseAudio server in local X server is published:
$ DISPLAY=:0 start-pulseaudio-x11

Start Simple Player app and match bitrate and port set in above command i.e. 48000 and 8000 in my case. Don't use listen=127.0.0.1 if you want to listen on PC too.
I have tested both of PulseAudio based solutions on ArchLinuxARM and Ubuntu, and they work without root access. However SELinux may restrict access to certain resources if running in non-root context. Also, in order to get network access and create sockets, you have to be member of inet (3003) group necessarily. All apps with android.permission.INTERNET granted are member of this group.

Do you also work on Userland ? ...       Or just on Termux

@Maher_2000 I tested LinuxDeploy and a few other apps but not UserLAnd. I have developed a Linux environment myself in chroot and namespaces, and I use through ssh and Termux.

Unfortunately, I tried several times to play the sound on a simple protocol player but the sound does not work and the application shows me the message "unable to stream" and also made a mistake in pulseaudio I do not know what the reason and I tried on Termux and Useland but anyway thank you for helping me , Note : I'm new to using Linux and I use the languages translator to speak with you in English so you will notice that my English is not good or understandable for you

@Maher_2000 are you sure you entered IP, port, bitrate correctly in Simple Protocol Player? If so, the problem is with your Linux configuration. Execute all commands and edit files with great care. Sometimes bad permissions set on files may cause such problems. Since you are not running as root, there is possibility that that you lack permissions for certain tasks. SELinux can be a reason, set it permissive if you can, or view avc denials.

Yes I enter it correctly as below (127.0.0.1) but do not work with me and show me errors in some commands when executed like the command pctl list which tells me to reject the permission request and it works if you enter the Termux directly and not on the distribution installed on Termux but The problem here is that there is no start-pulseaudio-x11 with the pulseaudio package for Termux and it does not work. Are there other ways to run over TCP if it is receiving streaming audio from the browser directly or other applications?

Or these two methods only Note when playing pulseaudio On xsdl the sound works well but in the browser it is intermittent and also the sound does not work except on the computer root

@Maher_2000 it's not ptcl, it's pactl list. And if it doesn't work, you won't be able to get source of audio stream and it won't work for you definitely. I haven't tried this all in proot, so I'm afraid I won't be able to help you. You'll have to trace the causes of permission denied.

I'm sorry I made a mistake writing the order here because I write quickly and I agree with you that the proot has few powers , Anyway, thank you for helping me

Just to point out, the pactl list works on Termix directly without rooting, but the start-pulseaudio-x11 command does not work on it

@Maher_2000 yes because there is no X11 server running on Android in which PulseAudio is published: https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/PulseAudio/Documentation/User/Modules/#index31h3 And also if you want to run media from Linux environment, PulseAudio should also be run from Linux. Media player running on Linux and PulseAudio running on Android won't work.

I've got the ISSUE discussed on the GITHUB platform on this subject https://github.com/CypherpunkArmory/UserLAnd/issues/135

There is play-audio, please see

@user3123159 play-audio is a Termux package, so it addresses the first half of the question: How to Play Sound from Termux..., not the second half: ... when using Linux?. ALSA and PA in a Linux environment give low level control to audio framework, though one may opt to use high level library like OpenSL ES (which play-audio uses).

The question title seems high level - how-to-play-sound-from-termux-when-using-linux but the question itself seems low level;) So my comment with play-audio is high level as you correctly state - it might be worth a separate answer?

@user3123159 actually the question is: How to Play Sound from commandline when using Linux on Android device?. So anything specific to Termux is not a solution. But you can add the answer if you want to, with some explanation.

Good news, I've been able to extract audio to Simple Protocol Player using the pulseaudio for Android on Termex but the problem is that this method does not work on the offical pulseaudio because it does not have access privileges for have root only if you have root on your system can you extract audio of Simple Protocol player
WARNING: If the audio does not work, check the link below because there are some notes I did not mention
on Termux

Do this command :
pactl list sources short

Visit the link below to find out the usefulness of this command before you complete reading

And :

Download application

Simple Protocol Player

And :

echo -e "\n# Simple Protocol Player\n\nload-module module-simple-protocol-tcp source=OpenSL_ES_sink.monitor record=true port=12345 rate=44100" >> $PREFIX/etc/pulse/default.pa

And Restart Termux :

close all windows in termux
And :

pulseaudio -k
pulseaudio --start
or only :

pulseaudio --start
now install sox :

apt install sox
And Play sound :

play [file.mp3]
For more information visit
Link

@IrfanLatif It is not worth placing as a best answer because this method works on Termux only, which can not be used even from within the Linux environment installed on Termux. This is due to the Termux developers who have customized the Pulseaudio package that works well on their app only but cannot works on others applications example Userland or will working if them have access to permission Root

mpg123 myFile.mp3 (pkg install mpg123) will play an mp3 in Termux. To pause, press ctrl+z. To resume type % and press enter. Press ctrl+c while playing to quit.
In addition to the play command, which you've mentioned, there's also play-audio (pkg install play-audio).


text:
How to fix device when stuck in firmware update with "Do not disconnect USB" message?
I have an LG Android phone. When I turned it off last night, it turned itself back on again with the firmware update showing "Do not disconnect USB". But when I received it from my contract holders, there was no USB; so I used my regular charger. I've woken up this morning and it's still on 0% after about 10 hours.
Can someone help or give me any tips and advice?

It's a fluke... Hold power button until reboot occurs.

Either wait until the battery runs out to recharge it, or wait until the device resets by itself.
This has happened to me twice:

The first time, about 3 days, it just reset itself.
The second time, after giving up when trying to reset the device by holding down the power and volume down buttons while either plugged or not, the screen suddenly went blank. Then, after plugging-in to charge the device, the screen was unfrozen and it charged up.

It seems to me that on both occasions this has happened, my phone has been almost out of battery, though I don't know if this is related or not. Better to keep the device charged up at all times.

Try holding down the power and the volume down buttons at the same time for around 10 seconds, then the device should restart and run normally again.
I remember with a situation with my iPhone when it got frozen and I had to reboot it with the same approach. This also worked on my Android phone which was stuck on 0% firmware update.


text:
Shortcut directly to specific screen
There are some apps I that I only ever access for one specific purpose. I’d like to create a shortcut into a specific screen in the app - for example, open the app and navigate to charge history. Alternatively, I'd like to alias a series of actions to one action, so I can open it and navigate to the relevant part of the app quickly. Does anything like this exist? I've read about QCustomShortcut, not sure if it's a) suitable and b) safe.

"Deep inks" into apps have to be supported by the app itself. Each app defines "activities" and you can only open the app if there is an activity for that screen you want and the activity has to be exported.
An app that allows you to list available activities and create shortcuts for them is Activity Launcher just as an example.


text:
Can the Play Store (in /system/priv-app/) be reinstalled with a newer version?
Tapping on the build number in the Play Store doesn't really update it anymore on my device; I have no idea why.
I've been trying to sideload the apk which just installs the newer version into /data/app/ but after several reboots i still don't see the newer version.
So yes, is it possible that I just delete the one from the /system/priv-app/ and push the newer version in it?
Strangely, other Google apps that didn't come preinstalled just fails to install through the rom's old Play Store (version 5.5.12)and just comes up with a "-504" error. The same happens when trying to update preinstalled ones.
My phone is on stock Android 5.0 from the manufacturer rooted with SuperSU 2.82.

Yes and No, it depends on the version of thd play store and the Google play services, both usually work together and can not work with the wrong version, so try to replace both apps...
You should use OGapps ( Open Google Apps ) , it's designed for custom ROMs.
You might have problems with the version designed only for DATA installations, and may need an alternative app from another custom ROM that is the same version.

Ok I have sideloaded the latest Play Services - it's successfully installed on /data/app/ and I can see the right version on my app list. As I've said I'm not on a custom rom, so I guess I shouldn't be using OGapps..? (Can I replace the Play Store manually now I have the latest Play Services?)

Anyone? (Also, everytime I sideload an app through TWRP flashable it gets "optimized" every boot. And the whole optimizing stage takes at least 15 minutes.)

The fact that you now have a modified ( customized ) ROM  means that you ARE on a custom ROM... The normal Gapps will do extra security checks to see if your using a device with vulnerabilities like ROOT Access.

Okay... That means I should really flash an OpenGApps package on my rom to fix this? I am now downloading a 5.0 nano package that includes the Play Store and services...
My phone is a Lenovo so the now customized stock rom in it is of course Lenovo's custom firmware

Try that :) ..........

Aight I'll try it :) hope it won't cause a bootloop because I've heard some getting a bootloop on flashing GApps on a stock firmware from manufacturers...

be careful... you can just replace the Google Play Services & Play Store application

Okay I've just replaced it. But now at every boot, the "Optimizing app 1 of 3" takes so long to finish. Am I doing something wrong?

You need to odex the applications...

You aren't doing anything wrong, it's optimizing the applications because they aren't Odexed, You need to odex the 3 applications that are being optimized.... Optimization is similar to an Odex that is stored in the User Data partition instead of alongside the system app... It just makes the app launch quicker... Don't Odex Google Play Services .. it states this in the APK manifest

Okay, so i need to odex the Play Store but not Play services? I'll just leave the Play Services as it is when it was replaced...?

Okay so, apparently Google has been blocking "uncertified" devices from installing and updating Google Apps, but they provided a way to somehow "whitelist" devices running custom roms and modified stock roms.
This enables the aforementioned devices to still install and update GApps, but in the Play Store they still appear uncertified.
My Lenovo A7000 Plus unfortunately got caught in this particularly new Google scheme because  I've recently flashed a more recent pre-rooted stock rom for my Lenovo device and added it to Google's whitelist. Now I can install and update my Google apps, but Play Store stayed outdated.
Even though my Google Play Services has updated in the background itself, Play Store remained untouched.
Somehow the only problem here is that I wasn't aware of this beforehand.
Also, here are some things I was speculating about:

some users have reported being uncertified even when running stock roms with unlocked bootloaders.
the GSF (Google Services Framework) ID used in whitelisting the device changes every factory reset/wipe and thus at every reset the whitelist process must be done again
This new policy seems like one of the stepping stones to Google adapting Apple's system...


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Why do I have to download music to Android internal storage then copy to SD card to work?
Samsung 9+
128 GB SanDisk SD Card
Android version 8.0.0 (Samsung Experience version 9.0)
Service provider Verizon
The issue I'm having is with copying music files from my Windows 10 PC directly to the Android's SD card via USB cable. When I do this, the first song in an album is playable, but all the others only play for a second before skipping to the next.
The workaround I found is to copy the files from the PC to Android internal storage and then to move them to the SD card storage. Moving the files from internal to SD storage works equally whether I use an Android file manager or Windows explorer.
This is obviously a very cumbersome process when dealing with a thousand files. Ideally, I'd like to download files directly to the SD card. Does anyone know what is going on?
Thanks for your help.

How about this https://android.stackexchange.com/a/201529/209414?

This is odd. Have you checked that nothing is wrong with the music player you are using? Maybe try a new one, just for testing.

Windows 10 has currently some bugs in the MTP system (MTP is the system used for transferring data from/to your phone via Windows Explorer). This might be the reason for your problems.
Alternatively you can enable Debug mode and ADB on your device and then use a GUI tool that uses ADB for file transferring, e.g. this one:

Droid Explorer


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How to find out which apps are creating *.space files in Internal Storage?
There is a folder at internal memory:  .space/
Inside it has one folder that is a big hash name (probably sha1sum), and inside that folder there are lots of files (also named as a hash something like 60b725f10c9c85c70d97880dfe8191b3.space) occupying 2.7GB of my smartphone precious internal memory.
In hexa/chars/bytes, thru X-Plore File Manager, I saw that they begin with "PK", which means they are ZIP files. So, after renaming them to .ZIP, I saw many pictures inside them that were all about games, and the manifest.xml was Uber annoying to try to read.
My conclusion, they were all unwanted, unasked, auto-downloaded .ZIP (.APK?) games.
Now I need to stop  the app doing that kind of thing on my precious cellphone's memory.

It is possible to monitor a certain path for file-system changes. Unfortunately it is not possible to get the information which process/app did perform the change :(

@Robert is there some kind of lsof (linux like) to catch the culprit in action?

It looks like a malicious or spamming app. Did you download any app from a suspicious looking website in a date close to the date the .space files were created/modified, as mentioned in the explorer app? Then that downloaded app could be the culprit.
It is not usually possible to directly check what app downloads a specific file, but you can try checking Data Usage and look for apps using suspiciously large bandwidth amounts.
The location of the Data Usage statistics is sometimes different depending on the device and the Android version, but you can usually find the statistics in Settings > Wireless & Networks > Data Usage. If you can't find it there you can try typing "Data Usage" in the settings search box. You can choose to show Wi-Fi usage from the menu button on top right corner, and then you can look for any suspicious apps using large amounts of bandwidth and uninstall them.

mmm... data usage may give tips, but it didnt necessarily download it all in a short time :/, I forgot to check the files date time b4 deleting them! ahhhh dammit!! too late now! :(

Since Android is based on Linux kernel, you can make use of its Auditing System to find the process which is making changes to your device. For that you need to use auditctl tool for defining rules (root required), and you would get details about the changes in logs through dmesg or logcat. Fo more details on how to define rules, see this answer.


text:
How to configure DNS properly while two LANs are running?
The device can't ping www.google.com but ping 8.8.8.8 is okay. My OS is Android 6.0.1, the kernel is 4.1.15
I've tried the resolv.conf and /etc/hosts. But these methods seem can not work on Android.
And I couldn't figure out what the exact problem is.
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr EE:DE:17:79:BB:42
          inet addr:192.168.1.10  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::ecde:17ff:fe79:bb42/64 Scope: Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:7 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:15 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:600 TX bytes:1166

eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0E:C6:81:79:01
          inet addr:192.168.120.57  Bcast:192.168.121.255  Mask:255.255.254.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20e:c6ff:fe81:7901/64 Scope: Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:41709 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:113 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:2738793 TX bytes:8354

I closed the netd service so that it is able to configure eth0 and eth1 respectively.
Here is my IP rule
0:      from all lookup local
9998:   from all to 192.168.120.0/23 lookup 4
9999:   from all to 192.168.1.0/24 lookup 3
10000:  from all fwmark 0xc0000/0xd0000 lookup legacy_system
13000:  from all fwmark 0x10063/0x1ffff lookup local_network
15000:  from all fwmark 0x0/0x10000 lookup legacy_system
16000:  from all fwmark 0x0/0x10000 lookup legacy_network
17000:  from all fwmark 0x0/0x10000 lookup local_network
23000:  from all fwmark 0x0/0xffff uidrange 0-0 lookup main
32000:  from all unreachable

Here is a result of ping IP, you can see the response is fine.
root# ping 192.168.120.1
PING 192.168.120.1 (192.168.120.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.120.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.08 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.120.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.986 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.120.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.00 ms

root# ping 192.168.1.1
PING 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=0.718 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=0.420 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=0.403 ms

But ping google always returns unknown.
ping: unknown host www.google.com

I expect I could ping IP and URL in my case.
BTW, the DNS from eth0 192.168.1.245 and the DNS from eth1 is 8.8.8.8

Why might anyone want to connect one Android device to two LANs at the same time?

I'll try to explain my understanding of DNS on Android. It will help you troubleshoot related problems and serve me as future notes.
DNS
Domain Name Resolver has traditionally been a part of OS's C library (commonly called libc). GNU libc (which is most common on Linux distros) implements a complicated name resolution mechanism named NSS which can prioritize in what order database services like LDAP / NIS, local files (/etc/hosts) and DNS have to be used in order to resolve host / domain names. DNS resolver then reads /etc/resolv.conf to get the name server address which is to be queried.
Unlike GNU libc, Android's Bionic libc (which depends on netd for DNS) doesn't regard /etc/resolv.conf unless ANDROID_CHANGES build variable is defined (only when libc++ is built as static library?). However /etc/hosts entries are valued by Android's resolver when resolving names.
But if you are using a statically compiled / linked binary with some other - such as musl or uC or diet - libc, that must be reading /etc/resolv.conf to get Domain Name Server's IP address. Busybox ping is a common example.
Android's DNS
Within Android's Java runtime environment, either a DHCP provided or manually set or hard coded DNS server is used. Properties net.dns1 and net.dns2 are set with values of DNS servers received from DHCP server (on Wi-Fi or Mobile Data) by ConnectivityService and then forwarded to netd. Starting with Android Oreo, these properties are no longer available through Android APIs, but only readable as root or shell - once removed then re-added. So changing properties net.dns* using setprop only affects the programs (running with UID 0 or 2000) that explicitly read these properties. One such example is meefik's busybox. Also there were some other DNS related properties set in good old days of dhcpcd which was the DHCP client up to Lollipop.
See some more details in How does Android OS do DNS name resolution?.
Caching
DNS queries are cached on Android by netd as NSCD does on Linux distros to speed up name resolution. Android has a commandline tool ndc that could clear DNS cache but the command was removed in Android 7. Now it's possible to bypass caching by setting environment variable ANDROID_DNS_MODE which prevents Bionic libc from proxying back to netd service for cache lookup. See How to modify environment variables like PATH at startup? to set the variable globally.
How to set DNS
As mentioned earlier, previously different methods used to change default Domain Name Servers on Android don't seem to work now. Setting name servers and/or search domain name through commandline:
~$ ndc resolver setnetdns <network_id> <domain> <DNS>

* Commands syntax is a bit different on older versions
Similarly ndc tether dns set works for dnsmasq. To get current network ID:
~$ dumpsys netd | grep 'Default network'

Clear set DNS servers:
~# ndc resolver clearnetdns <network_id>

However some apps may sometimes bypass Android's name resolution mechanism trying directly reach out to some nameserver, I have observed WhatsApp. Or the hard-coded value is used (may be when router is advertising the IPv6 DNS server). The only certain working option is iptables DNAT:
~# iptables -t nat -I OUTPUT -p udp --dport 53 -j DNAT --to 1.1.1.1:53

DNS servers can also be configured in Settings for Wi-Fi network. Android 9+ supports Private DNS / DNS over TLS (DoT) which sends encrypted DNS queries on port 853 as standardized in RFC7858.
Non-root solution which works for both Wi-Fi and Mobile data is to use VPN apps like Virtual Hosts or Personal DNS Filter which intercept DNS traffic and makes queries to configured upstream DNS server.
Testing
To test what name server is being used by connectivity and netd services in Java runtime:
~# dumpsys connectivity | grep CONNECTED | grep -o 'DnsAddresses: \[[^ ]*'
~# dumpsys netd | grep -A2 'DNS servers:'

And those used by tethering forwarding DNS server:
~# ndc tether dns list
~# logcat -d -s TetherController,dnsmasq | grep -E 'update_dns|nameserver'

To see where the DNS queries are going, you may capture traffic destined for port 53:
~# iptables -I OUTPUT -m udp -p udp --dport 53 -j LOG --log-prefix 'DNS_QUERIES '
~# iptables -I OUTPUT -m tcp -p tcp --dport 53 -j LOG --log-prefix 'DNS_QUERIES '
~# dmesg -w | grep 'DNS_QUERIES'

Or
~# tcpdump -n -i any port 53

If the queries are not going to desired destination, there is some trouble with your DNS configuration, particularly if you use VPN. Please note that iptables and tcpdump (capturing on port 53) won't work with Private DNS (port 853). Dynamic nature of RPDB and routing tables (rt_tables keeps on changing, main table is not used) accompanied by fwmark (SO_MARK) make things complicated for manual control.
So if above mentioned steps don't work, there's nothing much you can do to fix DNS issues on Android devices. A Factory Reset or re-flashing of ROM may resolve the problem.
Additionally, if a local DNS server is provided by DHCP (server on Wi-Fi router), you may check if that's really listening on port 53:
~# nmap -e eth0 -sUT -p53 --script=dns-recursion 192.168.1.245

@IrfanLatif could you edit the answer and clarify the state of DNS leakage in case of Private DNS mode. Which system apps can bypass it (boot time or after boot) and can aforementioned apps with built-in dns services do that as well (What's App)?

"ndc resolver " no longer work since Android 10, how it should be done in newer Android Versions?


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Does Chrome for Android implement tab discarding, and how to access its controls?
I'm trying to diagnose an issue on my Android. See below for more background on the underlying issue. But what I want to ask you now is why I can't seem to find anything in my Android Chrome (version 71) related to Chrome's "tab discarding". (For background on tab discarding and page refreshes, see http://superuser.com/questions/1353931/how-can-i-get-chrome-to-stop-killing-my-tabs-in-the-background/1353940.) I want to see if tab discarding might be the cause of my problem, but it's hard to diagnose because I can't find the parts of Chrome relating to tab discarding.
In particular, there are supposed to be tab discarding-related flags at chrome://flags, but I can't find any. There's also supposed to be a tool for learning about tab discarding information, at chrome://discards, but Chrome says that's an invalid link. (These flags/features do appear on my desktop version of Chrome 71, though.) It makes me wonder if my Android build of Chrome even does tab discarding.
As for the underlying issue I'm trying to debug: I have this webapp/website/webapge that uses JavaScript to play audio. I want this page to keep playing its audio indefinitely on my phone, even when Chrome isn't the foreground app. This works properly for a while (10-30 minutes maybe), but eventually Chrome will reload the page for no obvious reason. My current hypothesis is that it maybe has something to do with tab discarding.

Your device is out of memory. Like your Android phone or tablet, Chrome is silently closing background tabs in order to make memory available. When you click on one of those tabs it reloads.

That's very plausible, but are there any tools in Chrome that would help me verify that this is the cause of a particular tab being reloaded? (They have some on OS X Chrome, but I can't find them on Android Chrome.) Similarly, is there any way to turn off this tab-closing behavior on Android, ideally on a site-by-site basis?


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When to 'force stop' and it's effects
I have read over many q and A's regarding the 'force stop' option for most apps. All explain what it's function is, but aren't too clear on when it is really necessary to go thru my list of apps and force stop them (EVEN ONES THAT ARE NOT CURRENTLY IN THE LIST OF RUNNING APPS?!?!?)
That was and still is a bit hard for me to understand also. If my phone says the apps are not currently running what I'd it that I'm forcing to stop? And will it effect the function or start up of the app when I need to use it?

Welcome to Android Enthusiasts! Also see: What does the “Force stop” button mean? and What does the “Force stop” button mean?

The answer is easy: Under normal circumstances you never need to "force stop" any app.
Android automatically handles which app should be stopped in case the system is running out of free RAM.
Anyway even if you force an app to stop it usually should be able to start again at any time. Note that "starting an app" may even happen without user interaction based on certain events like change of battery level, a new Wifi was found, or simply because another app has triggered the app to run in background.


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Reboot to secondary user
So, my kids phone. I need her to be able to reboot the phone and access her account without going through primary account. How can this be done (without rooting). I don't want her be left without call access if her phone reboots or battery runs out.
Why I had to set her as secondary user is that as primary user she was able to circumvent parental control restrictions by creating and switching to guest account before parental control could prevent it. She figured that the lag works for her benefit because she can buffer commands by clicking icons where they will appear while the phone still lags behind.

Have you password protected the primary user account?

I got PIN that needs to be entered. Are you suggesting that there could be additional password for primary account access?

Someone please answer this question I can't find anything on Google.  For Parental apps to work correctly the child needs to run on the secondary account. They need the ability to directly log into the phone. To directly sign into the second account without activating the primary account.

I suppose that the limiting factor is the encryption of the file system. The primary user has be to logged into the device so that the file system is (fully) decrypted. Then the secondary users can also get access.
"User 0 must log into the device first as it is a special user."


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How do I disable Google Play Store apps such that it will not enable itself without my permission
When I restart the Android 7 device phone, which is not rooted, the Google Play Store apps must not run again unless I implicitly enable it to run again. (Currently, the disable button for this app is disabled, which cause me not able to disable the app.)
Also, another reason for disable Google Play Store app is that it keep download at the background without user permission and at the wrong time, causing the app that I am using not able to use the whole bandwidth.
Also, there is no options in the Google Play Store app for me to set the timing when to do update. (Google need to learn from Microsoft Windows Update scheduler for this feature!)
From my findings, I need to connect to a PC and using the ADB as follows:
adb devices
adb shell
cmd approps set <package_name> RUN_IN_BACKGROUND ignore

However, it seems not working for those apps from Google (such as Google Play Store apps)!
Please do not tell me to install BackgroundRestrictor (https://f-droid.org/en/packages/com.pavelsikun.runinbackgroundpermissionsetter/) as it can only be used on Android 7 device phone that is rooted.
Also, please do not tell me to root my phone.
Lastly, please do not say that this question is a duplicate of that question - How to disable Play store from updating itself? as that question is almost 6 years old and may not apply to Android 7 device phones.

It's not possible. Play Store is immune to such means that work for other apps. It is deeply integrated with OS. AFAIK rooted means also don't work

Installing a firewall then blocking Media Storage, Download Manager, Downloads, Google Play Services and Google Play Store from accessing the internet is one possibility. However, other apps not from Google may require Media Storage, Download Manager and Downloads when they want to download files, plus you will not be able to update the apps if automatically Google Play Store is the market you used

Try the commands pm disable com.android.vending or pm hide com.android.vending


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Consequences of removing Launcher3's APK (com.android.launcher3)
I have a rooted tablet with my own custom launcher which is already the default launcher. Are their any side effects if I delete the Launcher3's APK (com.android.launcher3) which is stored in /system/app/Launcher3/Launcher3.apk?
My device is chinese custom tablet with an RK3288 procesor, Android 5.1.1.

Apart from having issues after a factory reset (no launcher then, and neither ADB nor network available to install any)? I don't think so. But what should be the advantage of removing it?

Actually I added my launcher to /system/priv-app/ so that is also not a problem because my own launcher will start after factory settings.

Don't see any issue with that. Though since you're rooted you can probably do it more cleanly with ADB as seen in this answer. If that doesn't work follow the manual delete steps listed there too.

can you add little bit more information, as is there anything besides the Launcher3 activity in that APK? As an example, Samsung's TouchWiz comes with multiple activities, not just the launcher.


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Corrupt files in microSD - How to know if files are damaged?
I have a Samsung Galaxy Ace 2 with a 4GB Kingston microSD.
This microSD has only a few files (that I can remember) - visible both in PC and in file manager (default app) in the smartphone:

Yu-Gi-Oh! Tag Force 5.iso (1.6 GB - for PPSSPP Emulator).
Yu-Gi-Oh! Tag Force 5.cso (1.5 GB - for PPSSPP Emulator).
Folder "DIR" - 0 files in it.
Folder "Music" - 73 .mp3 files.
Yu-Gi-Oh! Forbidden Memories.iso (495 mb - for ePSXe Emulator).

Background
In previous ocassions, the PPSSPP emulator didn't read the .ISO file (and I though it was the .ISO file), so, I compress the .ISO file in a .CSO file which I read in formus that is recongized by the PPSSPP emulator, however, the .CSO file was also not recognized and the app freezes.
Trying discarging both files, I used the emulator in my PC and all works well, so, I decided to move all my Music "73 .mp3 files" to the "microSD". After the music files where there, I use the default music player, but most of the files (when trying to play "random") says: not supported and skips until it finds a .mp3 file "apparentely" not corrupted or ends playing abruptly.
Even some .mp3 files plays for a few minutes, ends abruptly and search other random .mp3 file.
What have I tried?

Scan for viruses the microSD.
Download from other sites the ISO files.
Format the microSD "via the available option in the Samsung Galaxy and vía PC (right click > Format device)".
Following this answer I downloaded (SD Card Formatter 5.0.1), but the formatting process failed for both format options (quick and overwrite).

For me, it this weird how this microSD can corrupt files (most of them) and not others. Also, my goal is use the microSD for storage games that I can use with the PPSSPP emulator "mostly, Yu-Gi-Oh! games".
I'll replace my microSD, but, before to do that, I want to know:

Is there a way to activate a log file in Android for check wheter are files corrupted or missing?
What resources or what else can I do for save the 4GB microSD for use as I intend to do?

Few things you can try:
Use fsck to check and repair bad blocks How do I check bad sector on my android with ADB recovery mode?
(alternatively follow this guide for FAT formatted cards)
Obviously, both need root, you could also try to run it from a regular Linux box.
And finally, how to run scripts on boot and use logcat perhaps to view the results. I would think that Android already does this check automatically, but...


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Galaxy S7 Edge - Change USB Mode in Phone that Will Not Boot
I've done a few hours worth of research and have been unable to find a clear answer. Hoping something in the community here might be able to help:

Verizon Galaxy S7 Edge (Oreo with latest Verizon updates) randomly got itself stuck in a boot loop after plugging in to charge one night.
Boots to lock screen just before loading "swipe unlock dots" gives an error message saying "Setup wizard has stopped" with an option to "Close App" and then reboots within a few seconds.
Stock OS, no root, no custom recovery etc.
Care mostly about trying to retrieve some pictures and documents more than anything else.
I THINK (99% sure) I have USB debugging enabled but can't get far enough into phone to confirm.

Things I've tried:

Plugging USB into computer shows up as CD-Rom drive (suggests that USB mode isn't set to MTP which I think might have been changed on me in the last OS or security Update)
Safe mode/boot results in same bootloop issue
Cleared system cache from Debug mode, no change.
Running "adb devices" shows device attached (momentarily prior to rebooting)
Initially thought it was a problem with the security module so I (perhaps in a poor decision) ran the command "locksettings clear --old xxxx" which I (unfortunately don't recall) must have been preceded by an "adb shell" command.
This actually WORKED as I must have timed it just right to go through in the 2 secs prior to the phone rebooting.

Current State:

All efforts to repeat the same ADB commands as before show up as "Device offline" and I can't seem to get more than that.
Bootloop continues.
Can access Debug modes and Download modes successfully, but don't know what to do here.

Ultimate questions:

Is there an ADB command to change the USB mode from Charge Only to MTP that I can try to issue and maybe get the phone to recognize quickly prior to rebooting?
I'm relatively new to the ADB world, so am I going down the wrong path here? Should I be trying something else?
What other options might I have (BESIDES a full restore and loss of all data), or am I pretty much done for?

Appreciate anyone that can take the time to provide some feedback. I'd be much obliged and sincerely thankful.
SAD UPDATE:
I brought the phone to my local "ubreakifix" store - the service that Samsung specifically refers customers to for technical/repair issues.   They attempted to do something (update software or something along those lines, but promising not to erase data).  Unfortunately, whatever they did seems to have now DISABLED USB Debugging.  I'm willing to try any other suggestions that those more knowledgeable than me might suggest, but I'm quickly losing hope.

What about installing  TWRP from download mode then copying your data to either  an SD card or a computer ? Besides, does your phone get hot before rebooting? There may be  a hardware failure (Happened to my Galaxy Tab years ago)

If you had sync enabled, your photos might have been backed up by  Photos app. Have you tried verifying that this is not the case?

Did you try ADB pull? If you know the folder your files are in, you can try to pull them out. (/sdcard is the name of Internal Storage folder) If it works you should see the file you pulled in the ADB directory.
adb pull /sdcard/your-files

Also, this can be an issue related to the Setup Wizard app. If that is the case, the following ADB command should work.
adb shell pm hide com.google.android.setupwizard

If it works you may spot some errors and missing features, but MTP should work. You might have to factory reset or reflash (not sure if that is possible on Verizon devices) to fix the errors.
You can try contacting Samsung and Verizon customer support, and if you prove the device ownership to them (the bill or invoice should do) they might use their debug protocols to recover your files, but I'm not sure about this as I never tried it.
If these doesn't work, I don't see any other methods unfortunately. (@esQmo_ It is currently not possible to flash TWRP in a Verizon S7 Edge because there is no known method to unlock the bootloader)
To answer your ultimate questions:
1:
There is a way to switch USB mode from ADB, but it requires root. Also, I'm surprised that your device shows up in ADB. It shouldn't if the device is in charge only mode. My guess is that your device is in MTP mode, but it doesn't show the files because of a screen lock or something, and your OS interprets it as a CD ROM Drive.
2:
Not at all. The only way you may have a shot at recovering this is ADB. You can't do anything in Download or Recovery modes (I think you referred to Recovery as Debug?) because it will compromise data security.
3:
The options I mentioned above are the only ones I could think of.
Also, I suggest waiting for any other answers before resetting or reflashing, as they might have methods I missed. Good luck!

Super helpful post and appreciate your input. Unfortunately I can't seem to keep the phone on long enough to run any ABD commands (unless I can sneak a quick one in before it reboots). Seems to keep saying "Device Offline" now though. I'll try the "setupwizard" cmd you mentioned and see if I can get it to go thru. Called Samsumg - LESS than helpful.  Considered TWRP too, but the point you mentioned is exactly what I was concerned about. Not sure it can be done, or at least not without wiping data. I'm holding off on system restore as long as I can. Will update as I can.


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Does ARC Welder still work?
I recently came to know that there is an official Android emulator available  which is developed by Google - Arc Welder. But when I try to follow the steps mentioned, I'm ending up with getting this error message:
Graphics Feature Status
Canvas: Software only, hardware acceleration unavailable
Flash: Software only. Hardware acceleration disabled
Flash Stage3D: Software only. Hardware acceleration disabled
Flash Stage3D Baseline profile: Software only. Hardware acceleration disabled
Compositing: Software only. Hardware acceleration disabled
Multiple Raster Threads: Disabled
Native GpuMemoryBuffers: Software only. Hardware acceleration disabled
Out-of-process Rasterization: Disabled
Hardware Protected Video Decode: Disabled
Rasterization: Software only. Hardware acceleration disabled
Skia Deferred Display List: Disabled
Skia Renderer: Disabled

Can anyone help me with this error?

ARC Welder is dead.
If you want to run Android apps on Chrome OS there now official documentation (including emulator in the Android SDK) on supporting the Play Store in Chrome OS.
The closest I know of to a formal statement regarding ARC is this article from ArsTechnica about Play Store on Chrome OS where a Google manager explains that the ARC method was limited by not passing the Android compatibility tests, which meant more work for developers to get their app working, as well as not supporting Android NDK, which meant games wouldn't work either.
While the initial promise of ARC technology was to use the multi-platform Native Client feature in Chrome it seems that it wasn't up to the job and Native Client itself is getting phased out.
If you still want to try to use ARC Welder in Chrome you'll have to find/use the last version of Chrome which supported it. This post in StackOverflow on
ARC welder for chrome is not launching properly from 2017 may give some idea of when it last worked.
As I stated in Chrome OS current support for Android via containers Google is going forward with containers on Chrome OS to support Android apps (ARC++). While current ARC++ support for Android apps still needs improvement, enough is compatible with existing Android apps (including games) for the Play Store on ChromeOS to be in the stable release of some Chromebooks.


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Sd card encryption forgotten password
I've forgotten my password so I can't deactivate my encrypted SD card in my Samsung S9. Is there anything I can do please?

Is it used as portable storage or adoptable-storage?

You haven't clearly mentioned what type of encryption it is...
Anyway, I'll tell you a general solution. I'm not 100% sure if this will work. Also, this may not work if the SD card was used as adoptable storage at the time of mounting it on the S9. I'm also not sure if this will work if you have used Samsung Knox to encrypt it..

WARNING : This method will completely erase any data you have on the SD card. I'm not responsible for any data loss. This will only give you your SD card back in a usable form.
• Insert the SD card into a Windows machine (preferably Windows 10) using an SD card reader.
• The system will automatically allot a drive letter to the SD card. It's in this step where the problem lies. Depending on the type of encryption, the system may or may not detect the SD card.
• If it detects the card, note the drive letter. Else if it doesn't detect the card, just simply follow these steps.
• Right click on the Start icon
• Select Disk Management
• If the card was detected earlier, it will display the SD card as online along with the drive letter. It will also list one (or more) partitions. There may be some listed as Healthy Primary Partitions and some other Unallocated spaces. If it hadn't detected the card, there is a possibility that it may display the the drive as just unallocated space.
• Even if there are no unallocated spaces, just right click on the Healthy partitions and click delete volume. Repeat this for all partitions in the SD card. If there are only unallocated spaces, right click on that space and then select New Simple Volume
• Then, all the partitions will combine together to form a single Unallocated Space
• Now, right click on the unallocated space and click on the New Simple Volume option.
• A new Simple Volume Wizard will pop up. Follow the prompts the wizard gives to create a new Simple Volume.
• Exit the Disk Management utility and eject the SD card .
That's it. If you're lucky, you'll be able to get the SD card back to life. Please don't blame me if this doesn't work. I'm just guessing it will. Sorry if this doesn't work...


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Stop Chrome from opening Google Maps app
My Google Maps app has got broken. I think I can use the web version of Google Maps. However, Chrome is redirecting me out from the browser to the app.
How to stop Google Chrome from redirecting me to the Google Maps app?

In case any one else runs into this problem, you can stop this behavior by going to Settings -> Apps -> Google Maps and under More settings and permissions -> Open by default and disabling Open supported links to stop it from launching the app.  This works on both Android and Chromebooks to stop the Android app from launching any time a Google Map link comes up.

A few options - open the Maps app info and disable it is the easiest. I also just noticed that with the Xposed module XPrivacyLua if I block Chrome from being able to get applications no links are ever opened in another app.

Thanks, but I don't want to disable Maps, I hope it will be fixed soon, I'm going to check if the Maps app is fixed from time to time.

@YevgeniyAfanasyev slightly confused - if your Maps app is 'broken' (you should clarify a bit more btw), why would disabling it affect you? Also try going to the Maps app info and clearing defaults, then Chrome should prompt you next time and you can just hit deny.


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My 6edge is 32gb . I have used aproximately 13gb but in storage option it shows that 31 gb is used ... where is my rest of memory. Please clear
This shows you all pls help my about my storage .how can i get it

I have added the storage tag to your post, which, when clicked will bring up a full range of questions associated with your storage query. It would be very informative to read some to understand how Android uses storage, its limits, and potential remedies. Additionally, this query will limit to some useful answers.

32 GB is the size of your /data partition. Out of which 13GB (as you mentioned) is used by /data/media. Rest of the memory is used by /data/app, /data/data and some other folders under /data. You can't view those without root.

How disk space is used on Android device?

Try something like DiskUsage or search for disk usage visualiser apps to see what's taking up your space if it's not being shown by the storage app.


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Sony Xperia XZ Premium goes out of silent mode when connecting to Bluetooth
I have my phone set to silent (vibrate) mode and have noticed that when I connect to a bluetooth device, the phone 'exits' silent mode and the ringer volume is enabled again. This is especially annoying as I like to use a scheduled silence app and have to remember to manually enter silent mode again.
I believe this may have been caused by a recent update as my phone has regular updates and the issue has only started occurring recently.
The phone is a Sony Xperia XZ Premium running Android version 9, build number 47.2.A.2.33

Is the silent modeactive while connected to bluetooth?

@helper no, it exits silent mode upon connection to bluetooth


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Equivalent ADB command in Termux
Is there any command equivalent to adb cmd package compile -m everything -f in termux?

Yes, it works. You just need root to do this:
$ tsu -a
# cmd package compile -m everything -f

Or:
$ tsu -c '/system/bin/cmd package compile -m everything -f'

@IrfanLatif Good to know that. Thanks. I didn't realize that I edited my files to automatically do that.

Though I get CANNOT LINK EXECUTABLE "/system/bin/cmd": cannot locate symbol "XzUnpacker_Construct" referenced by "/system/lib/libunwind.so"...
, but it seems that it will work if I fix it. Thanks!


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Time zone keeps changing wildly
Or at least I think that's the problem. For weeks now the time on my Pixel has been popping all over the place, without me intervening, always off by exactly one or more hours in either direction. For long stretches the time will be correct, but then it'll start jumping around.
Moments ago my phone said 11:07am. Now it's the correct time, 3:07pm. I few minutes prior to that it was 5pm-something. Interestingly, I was trying to use the Google Authenticator app, which doesn't seem to work when the time is incorrect. Without me doing anything, it finally figured out the correct time and the Authenticator app worked.
Additionally, yesterday the time was incorrect when I launched Waze and set a route. After my drive started the time randomly fixed itself, but Waze got confused and my 'time to destination' didn't budge, although the route map continued to update. Crazy, and Waze should use their server clock over the device clock anyway.
Under Date & time I, naturally, have Automatic time zone enabled, as well as Automatic date & time. I suppose I could disable Automatic time zone, but that's a somewhat-annoying work-around, not a fix.
Has anyone see this before? Any suggestions as to what might be the problem?
Note: I'm running Android v9. I cannot remember exactly when I upgraded and have no idea if that coincides with the timing of this problem.
Update: I disabled "Automatic time zone," leaving "Automatic date & time" enabled, and the issued reoccurred, so it's not that. I suppose I could disable them both, but that seems like it would be a hassle.

This may not be helpful, but my son's Nokia 6.1 (also with Pie 9.0) started having the same issue after the November security update... So this maybe a bug in Pie under the right conditions. The only fix we have found is turn off Automatic Time Zone for now.

Just did a quick search on the Issue Tracker - you might want to follow these threads and/or contribute a bug report for them:

https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/120241605 Android Pie - Clock shows wrong time (intermittent)
https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/119663595  Automatic Time Zone Selection is wrong Android 9 Pie (has been closed because could not be replicated apparently)

Unfortunately yes you'll have to disable auto time zone for now.

This really feels like a bug, so great find. It's not reproducible and occurs randomly. It's frequent enough that it's annoying.

It is a shame that Google closed your requests for this bug. I overslepts 2 hours of work because of this today. Cell tower sends GMT+0 and it was GMT+1+Daylight savings making it 2 hours shift. Trying to explain this bug is equal to "my dog ate my homework". Pretty annoying


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SD card became READ-ONLY
This is the 3rd time my sd card has become read-only. I can still transfer files from it but not into it. I have tried all methods in the internet such as Diskpart and other softwares.
May I ask if you have encountered this as well and how did you fixed it?

Phone: Huawei Y6 2018 [Android 8.1 Oreo]
Sandisk SD Card Class 10 32 GB

What's the phone model, android version, SD card's model? Does it become read-only when you use a specific app?

Either the two don't like each other (wouldn't be the first time; in this case try a different brand of SD card) – or your card is about to die (and was mounted read-only due too many errors). There might be a third option, but it escapes me at the moment.

@ReddyLutonadio Huwaei Y6 2018, Android 8.1, not in a certain app, but also when it is read in a computer.

@Izzy are there ways to fix those errors?

if you have a terminal emulator, can you provide the output of mount | grep -i storage and mount | grep -i sdcard

@ReddyLutonadio https://imgur.com/a/JIpXWND

I advise to check if the SD card is in good condition by following the steps describe https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/38745/check-and-fix-sd-card-errors-within-android-itself . If it is in good condition, try to mount it with read-write permission

You can check filesystem errors from kernel log. If nothing works, zero out the whole disk (not the partition, not the filesystem). Then create partition table using fdisk/gdisk (I'd advise to avoid diskpart) and then create a filesystem using mkfs. (whatever FileSystem you want). If still the problem persists, consider replacing your card.

@HEWhoDoesn'tKnow Not on the card itself. First thing I'd do is copy all data to a safe place (just in case the card is about to die). If you have a linux machine, you then afterwards can check the card using badblocks to see if there are any (usually it's either a lot of them, or none). Then copy the "secured data" to a new card of a different brand and try it again in your device. If that also "misbehaves", it might also be a hardware issue on the device itself.


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How to root Samsung J3 2016 (SM-J320) without a computer
I have tried Kingo root,  Framroot and others, but  it wasn't possible to do it without a PC. How can I root it?

Please [edit] to mention Android Version. Answers could vary because these tools are exploits that may have been patched in subsequent versions

You most certainly need a PC to do this - at least to get TWRP on it to be able to then flash Magisk, Xposed, etc afterwards. Refer to the XDA page for the device, specifically this TWRP and root guide I found by searching the forums.

Hello. Thank you for contributing to this website. May I, however, suggest you consider following [answer] so that to further improve your answers. Consider this post as an example. This is  a link dependent post. Its worth and usefulness depends on the life of the link. If the link dies, your answer would lose its value. We tend to invite answers which rely on themselves and use links wherever necessary. Please make sure to follow our referencing guide too in [help]. :)

@Firelord thanks will do, got a bit lazy answering on mobile


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Will the new changes to Android 9 cause the VPN based firewall apps become obsolete?
Firewall apps use VPN to manage network (to allow or disallow apps to connect to the Internet via Wifi or Mobile Data), mainly is for phones that are not rooted.
However, this article mentions:

As XDA Developers explains, access to proc/net is going to be tightened up so that only designated VPN apps will be allowed to read TCP and UDP files (and in turn interpret network activity).

Even though I support that Android should have features to allow or disallow Apps to have Internet access, BUT this wonderful feature may not even applies to Android or Google apps itself. (Such as the data hungry Google Play Store and Google Play Services apps!)
Thus, if only designated VPN apps are allowed, this means that phones which are not rooted will no longer be able to use Firewall apps that use VPN to manage network! This is totally unacceptable!
If Android 9 (Android Pie) do not allow end-user to be able to control the network for the famous and notoriously data hungry Google Play Store and Google Play Services apps (that self update without permission from end-user), then it implies that Google and Android have fail the city by disregarding end-user's concern on network usage!
Therefore, I would like to know if Android 9 will result in such unfair and despicable behaviors.

Have a read of the commit on googlesource here. It states

Files in /proc/net leak information. This change is the first step in
  determining which files apps may use, whitelisting benign access, and
  otherwise removing access while providing safe alternative APIs.

[....]

Labels /proc/net/{tcp,tcp6,udp,udp6} as proc_net_vpn due to existing
  use by VPN apps. This may be replaced by an alternative API.
Audits all other proc/net access for apps.

I'm not a developer but I can try to put a simple picture of this scenario. The purpose behind restricting apps' access to /proc/net is to make sure that VPN apps should no longer be able to detect when other apps connect/disconnect to/from internet. It's justified as it was a security flaw. VPN apps have been accessing these files to detect device's network activity, which is possible through proper Android APIs. And that only designated VPN apps will be allowed to read TCP and UDP files was just for Pie release, giving some grace period to developers of VPN apps.
On Android Q:

Android Q removes access to /proc/net, which includes information about a device's network state. Apps that need access to this information, such as VPNs, should refer to the NetworkStatsManager and ConnectivityManager classes.

Coming to your concern:

it implies that Google and Android have fail the city by disregarding end-user's concern on network usage!

As quoted in my answer to one of your other questions, firewall apps which are based on VPN have become somewhat privacy protections apps just as a side effect of Android's VPNService API which wasn't intended for this usage. Such apps can do app filtering based on UIDs and/or SOcket_MARKs which Android uses to categorize the network traffic for different purposes. If they wanted to give users freedom of choosing which apps can access internet and which can't, they could simply set Protection Level of android.permission.INTERNET dangerous, but it doesn't favor their business model.
Consider the fact that Google is biggest search engine and ads are their prime source of revenue. Android is a world of targeted advertisement through online tracking and profiling, though no doubt they try to protect user's privacy and security from certain aspects. Device is yours, you must be given the right to restrict connectivity of even the daemons running as root. But it's not the case. That's why advanced users who want a more fine-grained control on privacy, usually root their devices and make use of lower level things like Linux kernel's builtin firewall iptables. Going further deeper there are mods like Xposed to Android core framework. Android's hidden permission manger AppOps is also helpful from certain aspects. Also some custom ROM have such features built-in, so that no third party firewalls are required: