SS Stolwijk

SS "Stolwijk", a Dutch cargo ship of 2,489 tons, was wrecked off the coast of Donegal on 6 December 1940. She was part of a Convoy SC 13 sailing from the Dominion of Newfoundland to Liverpool, England, when her rudder was damaged in a fierce storm. Attempts to rescue her by her destroyer escort failed and she went on the rocks off Tory Island, County Donegal, Ireland. Ten of her crew were lost but the remaining 18 were rescued the following day by Arranmore Lifeboat and landed safely in Burtonport. The rescue of the survivors was conducted in terrible weather conditions and both the RNLI and Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands awarded medals to the Irish lifeboat crew.
Construction and History.
The steamship was launched on 30 October 1919 by Werf De Noord at Alblasserdam as "Kongsgaard" for the Norwegian shipowners A/S Vestlandske Lloyd, managed by Brødrene Olsen (A G & J C Olsen) of Stavanger, and completed in January 1920. She measured and , with a cargo capacity of 4,100 DWT. Her length was , beam and depth of hold . The ship was powered by a triple expansion steam engine of 1200 IHP, made by NV Machinefabriek 'Kinderdijk', driving a single propeller.
In 1921, in a shipping recession, "Kongsgaard"s owners were bankrupt and the ship was sold to the Rotterdam shipping company NV Maatschappij SS Rijswijk, managed by the firm Erhardt & Dekkers. She was transferred form Norwegian to Dutch flag and re-measured as 2,499 GRT and 1,533 NRT, and with a cargo capacity of 4,175 DWT. Erhardt & Dekkers' ships were all named after towns and villages that ended with "wijk", in this case Stolwijk in South Holland.
"Stolwijk" ran aground at Åhus, Skåne County, Sweden, on 25 April 1922. She was refloated on 29 April 1922. In 1930 ownership was transferred to NV Stoomvaart Maatschappij 'Wijklijn', still under Erhardt & Dekkers management.
"Stowijk" was at sea when the Netherlands fell to Germany in May 1940 during World War II. She could not return to her home base of Rotterdam, but continued to operate as part of the large Dutch merchant marine.
Other Convoy Activity.
"Stolwijk" was part of outbound Convoy OB 188 in July 1940, steaming from Liverpool to North America; German submarines sank four of the convoy's ships. She returned in August 1940 as part of Convoy SC 01; again, four ships were lost during the journey. In October 1940 "Stolwijk" went back to North America as part of Convoy OB 232. She was returning as part of Convoy SC 13 when she was wrecked.
Slow Convoy 13.
"Stolwijk" was one of 32 merchant ships in SC 13 escorted by six Royal Navy warships , , "Sabre", , "Shikari" and . Violent storms beset the convoy from the outset. On 3 December 1940, the convoy diverted northwest to try to escape the storm and in so doing avoided being intercepted by German submarines that had been attacking convoy HX 90
The stranding of "Stolwijk".
At 10:30am on 5 December 1940 "Stolwijk"′s rudder broke, and the many attempts at repair failed due to the weather. The anchor was dropped but the chain snapped and even going in full reverse did not halt the ship's steady drift toward the rocky Irish coastline. One of the escorting destroyers, , risked her own safety in trying to rescue the crew of "Stolwijk" and was herself nearly destroyed. "Stolwijk" lost one of her lifeboats at this stage suffered damage to the other. A massive wave washed her radio operator overboard and "Stolwijk" hit the rocks at 11:30 p.m. Nine sailors made an attempt to reach the lifeboat that had been washed overboard. According to the official court report, some made it to the lifeboat, but the storm capsized it and only three bodies were subsequently recovered. The remaining 18 survivors remained on board and radioed for help.
The rescue of the survivors.
Arranmore Lifeboat were notified late in the evening of 6 December 1940 of the ship in distress and given an approximate location. It was too late and stormy to depart immediately. The all-volunteer lifeboat crew departed Arranmore Island at 6:30am on 7 December in a hurricane-force gale. Witnesses claim the lifeboat "K.T.J.S." went over one wave and through the next on the outward journey. "Stowijk" had gone aground on rocks called Carraignacrubog ("The Rock of Crabs") just north of Inishdooey and south of Inisbeg. The National Archives in the Netherlands has this information of the rescue from the secretary of the RNLI (C.R. Satterthwaite) in April 1941:
The Immediate Aftermath.
The three bodies recovered following the tragedy were originally buried in the Church of Ireland graveyard in Killult (Donegal, Ireland). In October 2000 the bodies were exhumed and re-interred at the National Cemetery of Honours in Loenen (Netherlands).
"Sabre" put into Londonderry, also known as Derry, with sea damage on 7 December 1940. Her commander, Lieutenant Commander Brian Dean, suffered a fractured skull in the rescue attempt and was retired from the sea. "Sabre" sailed to Belfast for repairs and resumed activity on 18 January 1941 under the command of Peter Gretton.
The British ship SS "Ashcrest" 5,652 tons, was also part of SC 13 and also experienced a broken rudder during the storm. She radioed for help but the message was intercepted by a German submarine. She was torpedoed by "U-140" on 8 December 1940 with the loss of all 38 men.
75 Anniversary song: I'll Go.
On 7 December 2015, Arranmore publican and singer/songwriter Jerry Early [son of Andrew Early, the last eye witness on Arranmore to remember the day, who knew the lifeboat crew and story well] released a song on iTunes called "I'll Go" to commemorate the actions of the lifeboat crew. He co-wrote the song with his cousin John Gallagher. It has received considerable airplay in Donegal since the launch and all proceeds were being donated towards the creation of a permanent monument on Arranmore Island. In September 2020, the Irish duo "Ye Vagabond" released "The Ballad of Stolwijk Rescue", written and presented in a "radio ballad" format by musician Brían MacGloinn Recording can easily be found on platforms such as YouTube.
Permanent Monument.
On 6 August 2017 a new permanent Monument was officially revealed commemorating the rescue.