Casluhim

The Casluhim or Casluhites () were an ancient Egyptian people mentioned in the Bible and related literature.
Biblical accounts.
According to the Book of Genesis () and the Books of Chronicles (), the Casluhim were descendants of Mizraim (Egypt) son of Ham, out of whom originated the Philistines.
Archaeology.
The Egyptian form of their name is preserved in the inscriptions of the Temple of Kom Ombo as the region name "Kasluḥet". In the Aramaic "Targum"s their region is called "Pentpolitai" understood to be derived from the Greek "Pentapolis" which locates the area as the north west in what is now the Cyrenaica region of Libya. Another name for their region is "Pekosim" used in Bereshit Rabbah 37. In Saadia Gaon's Judeo-Arabic translation of the Pentateuch, the "Sa'idi people" (i.e. the people of Upper Egypt) are listed in the position of the Casluhim in , while "Albiyim" is listed in the position of Pathrusim, however the ordering of Casluhim and Pathrusim sometimes vary in translations and the mainstream understanding is that it is the Pathrusim who are the Sahidic people and the Casluhim the people of eastern Libya.
Ancient literature.
Josephus mentions the Casluhim in his "Jewish Antiquities" I, vi, 2 as one of the Egyptian peoples whose cities were destroyed during the Ethiopic War and who thus disappeared from history. Arab historian Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406), citing Abu Bakr bin Yahya al-Suli, wrote that the Berbers of North Africa were descended from Casluhim, the son of Mizraïm.