Type 84 mine

The Type 84 is a Chinese air-dispersed scatterable anti-tank mine, normally deployed by the GBL212 122 mm artillery rocket, or the Type 122-15 ATML rocket for export versions. Each rocket can carry six or eight mines and has a range of around six or seven kilometres. The rockets are launched from a BM-21 Grad multiple rocket launcher system that can hold up to 24 of the rockets. A time fuse on the rocket is set before launch, which activates at a predetermined distance after firing. Upon activation, the rocket head bursts, ejecting the mines, which descend with small green parachutes that slow their fall. The mine consists of a cylindrical body with three prong legs that form a spike, which pierces the ground and arms. If the mine strikes soft ground, the spike is driven into the ground and the mine is held upright.
Three variants of the mine exist: one with a magnetic fuse which detonates upon magnetic influence, one with a self-extending tilt rod fuse, and another with a contact baffle. In addition, the magnetic fuse mine has an anti-handling device.
The mine's penetrator warhead uses the Misznay-Schardin effect to penetrate up to 110 millimetres of rolled homogeneous armour. The mines also have a self-destruct facility which can be set to between 4 and 72 hours, and will disarm itself after 72 hours.
Operational history.
On 7 May 2011, C.J. Chivers of the "New York Times" reported military forces loyal to Muammar Gaddafi scattered Type 84 Model A mines with magnetic fuses across the port of the disputed Libyan city of Misrata to threaten the city's sole route for evacuation and supplies. Delivered by a "Chinese-made variant of a Grad rocket", the mines were deployed at around 2100 or 2200 at night on 5 May. An estimated of at least 20 mines or 31 mines were dispersed across the port. A rebel truck patrolling the port hit two of the mines, injuring both men inside, with one seriously wounded. The incident was later confirmed by Human Rights Watch.
Also in Libya, Type 84 mines were also found in the coastal town of Dafniya by DanChurchAid (DCA) and in the city of Sirte by the Swiss Foundation for Mine Action (FSD). In November 2011, two DCA staff were injured while trying to defuse a mine in Dafniya and had to be hospitalised. In March 2012, a DCA international deminer was killed by another mine while clearing buildings of explosives in Dafniya.
As of April 2014, the Syrian “Dignity Brigade” was in possession of Type 84 mines and components in the Golan Heights of the Syrian governorate of Quneitra, according to a video posted by the group, which depicted the submunitions.
As of December 2016, the Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries were reportedly in possession of Type 84 mines, when Libyan National Army forces found an unused example left behind in the Ganfouda district of Benghazi in Libya.
References.
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Wilhelm de Raet

Wilhelm de Raet (c. 1537, 's-Hertogenbosch, Southern Netherlands – 1583, Tuscany, Italy) was a Dutch hydraulic engineer and master builder, most notable for his work in Lucca in Italy.
Life.
He was living in Antwerp in the Spanish Netherlands in 1574 when he was summoned to the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg by its duke Julius to advise him on canals, particularly the one Julius hoped to build between the Elbe and Oker rivers. He also wanted de Raet to work on the expansion of the new Heinrichstadt quarter in his capital Wolfenbüttel. de Raet had already worked on similar projects in Spain and Italy, such as draining 1,600 hectares of a lake at Massaciuccoli in the Republic of Lucca, for which he had purpose-designed a new device.
de Raet arrived in Wolfenbüttel in late summer 1574 and immediately began lengthening the Oker. Julius was unable to get the state council to finance his projects and so in 1575 he signed a contract with de Raet making him his personal "master builder on water and on land" and requiring de Raet to spent three months of each year in Wolfenbüttel and to found a company to construct and operate the planned canal between the Harz and the North Sea. Julius hoped to use the canal to make Wolfenbüttel a trading centre and thus strengthen its political position, since the canal would divert regional trade through Wolfenbüttel. de Raet and his successor Hans Vredemann de Vries installed extensive hydraulic engineering to regulate the flow of the Oker and thus make it navigable.
The initial plan was to make the Oker navigable between the Harz and Brunswick and expanding its flow into the Elm Nette. However, this was extended to connect the Oker with the Großes Bruch on the Elbe. This would connect Wolfenbüttel to Antwerp and bring the transport time between the two down to 18–20 days. The Principality of Lüneburg and the town of Brunswick disapproved this improvement to Wolfenbüttel's political position and so the latter lodged a complaint in 1571. The city council of Brunswick also feared that the project would divert the trade in metal from themselves to Magdeburg. de Raet began to implement the Oker-Elbe plan, however, bypassing Brunswick. In 1577 he wrote a short pamphlet in support of the plan and accusing Brunswick of short-sightedness. Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor passed a decree putting an end to the project, but even so de Raet continued and enough of it was completed to enable the drawing of rafts to Wolfenbüttel on the Oker and Nette. However, he had to abandon the next phase, which had planned to push through the Braunschweiger Landwehr fortifications and get as far as the city limits of Brunswick. He attempted to replace it with a plan to link the Oker to the Aller via the Aue, Erse and Fuhse, but this was successfully opposed by William the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg.
de Raet was also put in charge of regulating the flow of the Oker and Innerste south of Wolfenbüttel in Richtung towards the Harz, which he carried out from 1574 to 1577. He built the and Julius-Staus dam in 1573, which kept the water level constant and thus enabled building materials and other goods to be transported by raft. He also collaborated with Paul Francke to modernise the defences at Schloss Wolfenbüttel, combining Italian methods such as brick with newer Dutch methods, such as using excavated soil, which was more cost-effective. In 1578 he produced a windmill and treadmill at the Silberne Schreibfeder coal mine at Julius' request. Sometime after 1577 he designed plans to regulate the flow of the Arno between Florence and the sea for Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany – this was initially at his own expense, though he was later paid 60,000 scudi for the design.


Lorene Harrison

Lorene Harrison (1905-2005) was an American educator, singer, choir director, and milliner. In 2009, she was inaugurated into the Alaska Women's Hall of Fame.
Early life and education.
Lorene Cuthbertson was born in 1905 in Sterling, Kansas and attended Sterling College. In 1928, she relocated to Anchorage, Alaska to teach music and home economics. She married Jack Harrison, a railroad engineer, in 1930, in Estes Park, Colorado and the couple had two children: Carol Anne and Peggy. She sang frequently, performing at private and public events like weddings and funerals.
Work.
Harrison raised her children and taught music and theater and privately tutored singers. After Jack died in 1968, Harrison opened her own boutique in Anchorage, called Hat Box which sold women's clothing and hats. She designed her own hats and she operated the store for 30 years. During World War II, Harrison worked with the United Service Organizations (USO). Ruth M. Jefford played violin in the USO orchestra, after being recruited by Harrison. At the war's end, Harrison started the United Choir of all Faiths which evolved into the Anchorage Community Chorus. She worked with the Anchorage Concert Association, Anchorage Symphony Orchestra, and the Anchorage Opera. As a promoter of music and performer she worked with Eugene Ormandy, Leonard Bernstein, Marilyn Horne, George Szell, Van Cliburn, Fred Waring, and Isaac Stern.
Later life and legacy.
The Alaska Center for the Performing Arts named a lobby in Harrison's honor in 1988. During her later years, Harrison lived in the Anchorage Pioneer Home. In 2000, she co-authored a biography with Dianne Barske titled, "Mostly Music: The Biography of Alaskan Cultural Pioneer Lorene Harrison", which was written by Dianne Barske. Before her death, a gala was held in her honor at the Alaska Center for the Performing Arts. She died in 2005. She is buried in the Pioneer Tract area of the Anchorage Memorial Park. In 2009, she was inaugurated into the Alaska Women's Hall of Fame. In 2001, the Anchorage Cultural Council instituted an award named in her honor, which it bestows for lifetime achievements in the arts.
Harrison was its first recipient.


Denise Bower

Denise Bower is an English civil engineer and academic. She is Professor of Engineering Project Management at the University of Leeds, and an executive director at Mott MacDonald.
Biography.
Education.
Bower received her Bachelor of Engineering in civil engineering from the University of Manchester in 1990. In 1995, she earned her Doctor of Philosophy in project management from the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology.
Career.
Bower began a research assistant position at UMIST in 1991, and later became a Shell lecturer of project management there.
She was the director of the Engineering Project Academy at the University of Leeds in West Yorkshire, England from 2011 until 2016. While still working at the University of Leeds, she began working as executive director of the Major Projects Association. She worked at MPA until 2020.
In 2016, she became an independent advisor for Mott MacDonald, and continued in that capacity until 2020 when she became executive director of external engagement.
She has been a professor at the University of Leeds for over 20 years.


William Baume

William Baume (1885–1956) was a Swiss watchmaker who established the Baume & Mercier company in Geneva in 1918 with his partner, Paul Mercier.
Early life and family.
William Baume was born into a notable family of watchmakers in the village of Les Bois in the Swiss Jura. His grandfather, Louis Victor Baume, and his great-uncle, Célestin Baume had founded the Frères Baume watch dealership in Les Bois in 1830. It was to become one of Switzerland’s major watch manufacturers in the 19th century, with branches in London, Geneva and Philadelphia. The Baume watch brand won distinctions at the universal expositions between 1860 and 1900, including a number of gold medals and Grand Prix for its watches. In 1892, its tourbillon chronometer set an absolute timekeeping record at the Kew Observatory trials that stood for 10 years.
Management of Baume company.
William Baume, who took over the management of the Baume company in Les Bois in 1910, represented the third generation after his grandfather and father. He had previously completed his watchmaking apprenticeship with Mathey-Tissot at Les Ponts-de-Martel, about 30 kilometers from Les Bois between Le Locle and Neuchâtel. Mathey-Tissot, established in 1886, was specialised in complicated watches, especially minute-repeaters and precision chronographs. It was thus with this specialist background that William Baume joined the family firm in 1909, working for a year with his father until he was entrusted with the management of the company in 1910. William Baume had then just turned 25. Meanwhile the London branch of Frères Baume, run by William’s uncle, Arthur Baume, was playing a leading role in the affairs of the business. After a family row, William Baume left Les Bois in 1918, shortly after the end of World War I. He settled in Geneva with the intention of starting a watch company.
Partnership with Paul Mercier.
In Geneva he came across his friend, Paul Mercier, whom he had met in 1912 as marketing manager of Haas of Geneva, one of the big names in Swiss watchmaking.
The two men joined forces to found Baume & Mercier in Geneva in 1918. Paul Mercier looked after the business side, while William Baume supervised the technical and watchmaking aspects. Their complementary talents ensured the quick success of the business, which relied on William Baume’s experience and the reputation of the Baume firm.
As an accomplished watchmaker and hard worker, William Baume was instrumental in qualifying Baume & Mercier watches in 1919 for the prestigious "Poinçon de Genève", the hallmark of the best quality Geneva watchmaking.
William Baume’s watchmaking competence and Paul Mercier’s business acumen enabled Baume & Mercier to prosper during the economic crises of the late 1920s. In 1935, William Baume retired from the company for health reasons, and his sons had no interest in the business. Paul Mercier, retired two years later, selling his stake to the new partner, Ernesto Ponti, a businessman from the Piedmont who had acquired a stake in Baume & Mercier in 1934. William Baume died in Geneva in 1956.


9 Avenue North station

9 Avenue North is a planned and approved CTrain light rail station in Calgary, Alberta, Canada part of the Green Line. Construction is expected to begin in 2024 and complete in 2027 as part of construction stage one, segment 2B.
The station will be between 9 Avenue N and 7 Avenue N in the affluent inner-city community of Crescent Heights. It is planned to be a low-profile urban station with curb height platforms, at-grade boarding, and will be in the median of Centre Street. The design will be smaller in scale than other Green Line stations, with narrow side-loading platforms to reflect the character of the surrounding community, and due to a constrained public realm. It will not include a park and ride. The station is surrounded by a low density residential area, local shops, Rotary Park, and is a three-minute walk from the McHugh Bluff lookout point, offering panoramic vistas of the downtown Calgary skyline. The station was not included in the city's 2017 recommendations for the Green Line. On May 12, 2020, the City of Calgary announced the addition of the station, bringing the total number of stations in stage one to 15, and the total number of stations on the full Green Line to 29.


Nobuki Hizume

 is a Japanese hat and headpiece designer（milliner）.
Life and career.
After graduating from Bunka Fashion College, he moved to Italy and announced a brand as an underwear designer. After returning to Japan, he began his own brand NOBUKI HIZUME for Hat & Headpiece and has presented his own collection. In same time, he participated in many big projects in the world.
Since 2009, he moved to Paris and has created for many famous brands. In 2019, he receives the title of Meilleur Ouvrier de France.
He started own hat brand "HIZUME" in June 2019.


Charles W. Vursell

Charles Wesley Vursell (February 8, 1881 – September 21, 1974) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois.
Background.
Born in Salem, Illinois, Vursell attended the public schools of Marion County, Illinois.
Career.
In 1904, Vursell was a hardware merchant. He was the sheriff of Marion County from 1910 to 1914. He served as member of the State house of representatives from 1914 to 1916. He was owner and publisher of the Salem Republican from 1916 to 1948.
Vursell was elected as a Republican to the Seventy-eighth and to the seven succeeding Congresses (January 3, 1943 - January 3, 1959). In 1947-8, he served on the Herter Committee. Vursell voted in favor of the Civil Rights Act of 1957. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1958 to the Eighty-sixth Congress. He retired and resided in Salem, Illinois, where he died September 21, 1974. He was interred in East Lawn Cemetery.
Vursell's cousin Carl Albert served as a member of Congress from Oklahoma, and was Speaker of the House from 1971 to 1977.


David Malcolm Orr

David Orr CBE, FREng, FICE, FIAE, (born 1953 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) is a civil engineer. He was the 143rd President of the Institution of Civil Engineers. He is married to Vyvienne and they have 2 children.
David Orr graduated from Queen's University Belfast in 1974 with an honours degree in civil engineering, and was awarded an MSc by Queens in 1978. He spent much of his career with Roads Service, Northern Ireland’s road authority, latterly serving as Permanent Secretary of the Department for Regional Development.
He currently chairs the Independent Assurance Panel (Procurement) for High Speed 2, is an external member of the Palace of Westminster Restoration and Renewal Programme Board, and also chairs the Institution of Civil Engineers Benevolent Fund. From 2008 to 2014 he chaired the Procurement Expert Panel for London's Crossrail.
In his Presidential Address, Orr encouraged civil engineers to:
He listed as one of his unsung heroes William Bald, who between 1832 and 1842 constructed the Antrim Coast Road.
External links.


Mohawk Innovative Technology

Mohawk Innovative Technology, Inc. is an American product and research and development technology company that develops oil-free foil bearings, magnetic bearings and non-contacting foil seals for high-speed rotating machinery, such as gas turbine engines, turbochargers, compressors, cryogenic pumps, variable high-speed motors/generators and machines.
History.
The company was formed in November 1994, by Hooshang Heshmat with James F. Walton II, Melissa D. Heshmat and Michael J. Tomaszewski, to develop oil-free, high-speed rotating machinery. Oil-free air or process gases are used in pharmaceutical, food and beverage processing, in medical equipment or devices, and other industrial processes. The company initially conducted research and development programs for the United States Department of Defense (DoD), NASA, the National Science Foundation (NSF), the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) to assist in commercializing its technologies in the areas of tribology, foil bearings, magnetic bearings, auxiliary or backup bearings and advanced seals.
Mohawk Innovative has applied its technologies to rotating machinery systems with both domestic aerospace and major international companies. Developed oil-free systems have included motor driven air compressors for industrial use, cryogenic turboexpanders for generation of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen, motor driven air blowers for automotive fuel cells, motor driven blowers for use in the food and beverage industries, small gas turbine engines for UAVs and microturbine generators for distributed electricity generation using either natural gas or renewable energy sources. While conducting these research programs and working to apply the technology to product, alternative bearing coatings and test machine products have resulted. New high temperature, long life and low friction coefficient coatings were developed to support the bearing product. Also, a new tribometer was developed to evaluate the friction, wear lubrication characteristics and life of solid lubricant coatings, shaft coatings and bearing performance under realistic operating conditions of high speed, high load and high temperature conditions.
Medical applications of the company's products are marketed through the MiTiHeart Corporation, a spin-off company.


Gateway Station (Charlotte)

Charlotte Gateway Station is a future intermodal transit station in Charlotte, North Carolina, United States. As part of the overall Station District, it will have several facilities all linked together, including an Amtrak intercity rail station, rapid transit, local and intercity bus facility, parking facilities, mixed-use development and an elevated greenway. Estimated at a cost of $800.1 million (2017 US dollars) for full implementation of all public and private components, the project will be built in three phases, with all construction tentatively done by 2024. When completed, it will become the new "front door" to the city for train and bus passengers, connecting between multiple modes of transportation and establish a new activity center in Uptown Charlotte.
When the station is completed, it will be the southern terminus for Amtrak's "Carolinian" and "Piedmont" lines, as well as a service stop on the "Crescent." It is also intended to be a major stop on the Southeast High Speed Rail Corridor. The station will also be a stop on Charlotte Area Transit System's CityLynx Gold streetcar line and Silver light rail line, and will serve as Charlotte's Greyhound Lines station.
History.
In 1991, the City of Charlotte and the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) completed a preliminary feasibility study for a new Uptown rail station to replace the existing Amtrak station, built in 1962 by the Southern Railway and located on North Tryon Street near the rail yard for SOU's successor, Norfolk Southern. The site chosen along West Trade Street, currently a Greyhound station since 1973, was once the location of three previous stations: the Atlanta & Charlotte Depot (prior to 1886), the Richmond and Danville Depot (1886-1905) and the Southern Depot (1905-1962).
In 1998, NCDOT began the acquisition of property for the station and supportive land uses (i.e. retail and offices). In 2002, NCDOT completed its feasibility study for the Charlotte Multi-Modal Station and Area Track Improvements. The study identified two possible options: The Preferred Alternative, which included the station, various track work and a greenway at $206.8 million (2002 dollars), and the Station Build Only Alternative at $109.6 million (2002 dollars). By 2004, NCDOT had completed property acquisition of .
Announced publicly in August 2005, the proposed Gateway Station is envisioned to serve as both a multimodal transit center in addition to both office and retail space. As originally presented, the station would feature an underground station for CATS buses, a office building, and soaring lobby for other rail and bus services in the building's atrium.
In 2009, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 awarded $520 million grant for the Piedmont Improvement Project in North Carolina; which was used to make rail improvements identified in the 2002 feasibility study. In that same year, an Environmental impact assessment was completed that resulted in a Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) and the City of Charlotte and NCDOT signed an municipal agreement.
In 2012, NCDOT completed property acquisition again of approximately for the Charlotte Gateway Station project. On November 1, 2012, NCDOT selected Houston-based developer, the Hines Group, for the project. In 2015, NCDOT won a $25 Million TIGER Grant, to help start construction of Gateway Station.
The station will have a long, fully ADA compliant high-level platform, the second in the state behind Raleigh Union Station. It will also significantly improve connections between Amtrak and local transit.
Construction.
Both the Charlotte Area Transit System (CATS) and NCDOT have started/completed various projects that impact the future station, including the CityLynx Gold Line and a new Locomotive and Railcar Maintenance Facility located on West Summit Avenue. However, groundbreaking for the Charlotte Gateway Station did not begin until July 2018. The project is using a phased implementation approach to facilitate the near-term development of the rail station while also setting the stage for private development to occur. There are three general phases with additional sub-phases.
Phase 1.
At an estimate cost of $91.3 million (2017 dollars), the first phase has two parts:
This phase is fully funded with an anticipated construction period is 2018 to 2021.
Phase 2.
At an estimate cost of $49.9 million (2017 dollars), the second phase has two parts:
This phase is partially funded with capital carryover from phase 1. The anticipated construction period is 2019 to 2022.
Phase 3.
At an estimate cost of $658.9 million (2017 dollars), the third phase has three parts:
This phase is currently not funded, but is expected to be developed mostly by private developers. The anticipated construction period is 2020 to 2024.


A.T. Mine E.P. Mark VI

The A.T. Mine E.P.(Egyptian pattern) Mark VI was a World War II anti-tank mine.
Design.
This mine is always said to be in the shape of a mushroom. This is true for this particular mine in terms of the mine resembling an upper part of a mushroom being a lot more flat on top and far less curved and using more straight lines.This mine has a cover which is attached to the mine through three pins which engage with slots in the retaining straps of the mine. The mine was detonated on contact with a vehicle by the pressure applied when the vehicle goes over the mine making the mine striker go through shear wire after which the striker spring makes the striker go inside the percussion cap which detonates the mine. To arm the mine take off the cover and place it where you want it for your defence and then put in the fuze and remove the safety pin from the safety pin hole in the striker and then put the cover back and then it is armed. To make it safe just do the opposite take off the cover then take out the fuze and reinsert the safety pin and then put back on the cover and then the mine is safe.
Service.
In service this mine was capable of blowing the tracks off medium and light tanks and severely damaging lesser armoured vehicles. The mine's Egyptian origin (E.P. being Egyptian pattern) shows it was mainly used by British and commonwealth forces during the North African campaign.


Leif Eriksson (pipemaker)

Leif Eriksson (born 1946) is a Swedish cabinetmaker who, along with fiddler Per Gudmundson, developed the modern revival of the Swedish bagpipe in the 1980s. Eriksson initially only made pipes to order, but his reputation increased when he was asked to produce pipes for the .


Cyrill Demian

Cyrill Demian (1772–1849) was an Armenian inventor of Armenopolis origin who made his living as an organ and piano maker with his two sons, Karl and Guido, in Mariahilfer Straße No. 43 in Vienna, Austria. On May 6, 1829, Cyrill and his sons presented a new instrument to the authorities for patent - the accordion. The patent was officially granted on May 23, 1829.
Demian's accordion description.
Its appearance essentially consists of a little box with feathers of metal plates and bellows fixed to it, in such a way that it can easily be carried, and therefore traveling visitors to the country will appreciate the instrument.
It is possible to perform marches, arias, melodies, even by an amateur of music with little practice, and to play the loveliest and most pleasant chords of 3, 4, 5 etc. voices after instruction.
The first accordion debate.
The advent of the accordion is the subject of debate among researchers. Many credit Christian Friedrich Ludwig Buschmann, as the inventor of the accordion, while others give the distinction to Cyrill Demian, an Armenian from the Transsylvanian town of Szamosújvár (Gherla) (ancient Armenopolis) living in Vienna, who patented his Accordion in 1829, thus coining the name. A modification of the Handäoline, Demian's invention comprised a small manual bellows and five keys, although, as Demian noted in a description of the instrument, extra keys could be incorporated into the design. Numerous variations of the device soon followed.
The accordion assembly.
1st - In a box 7 to 9 inches long, 3½ inches wide and 2 inches high, feathers of metal plates are fixed, which were known for more than 200 years as Regale, Zungen, Schnarrwerk, in organs.
2nd - With bellows fixed to the above box and its 5 claves fixed below, even an amateur of music can play the loveliest and most moving chords of 3, 4 and 5 voices with very little practice.
3rd - Each claves or key of this instrument allows two different chords to be heard, as many keys are fixed to it, double as many chords can be heard, pulling the bellows a key gives one chord, while pushing the bellows gives the same key a second chord.
4th - As this instrument can be made with 4, 5 and 6 or even more claves, with chords arranged in alphabetical order, many well known arias, melodies and marches, etc. may be performed similar to the harmony of 3, 4 and 5 voices, with satisfaction of all anticipations of delicacy and vastly amazing comfort in increasing and decreasing sound volume.
5th - The instrument is of the same size as the attached illustration, with 5 claves and 10 chords, not heavier than 32 to 36 Loth [1 Loth = approx. 16 g, MW], only if there are more chords will it become longer and some Loths heavier, so it is easy and comfortable to carry and should be a welcome invention for travelers, country and parties visiting individuals of both sexes, especially as it can be played without the help of anybody.
Bellows
With the cover of the bellows, the entire instrument may be doubled, in order to play more chords or more single tones, in this case, keyboard, the bellows remain in the middle, while each hand controls in turn, either the claves or the bellows.
The above-mentioned duplication of the instrument or adding more chords, would not make anything better to anybody, or give something new, as only the parts would increase, and the instrument more expensive and heavier. The instrument costs 12 to 16/M M, the difference in price results in a more elegant or worse-looking appearance.
"We think that it is the most excellent innovation, that with one claves, a complete chord can be played."
In popular culture.
In the comic strip "Garfield", Jon states that Demian is his hero.
In the colombian novel "Antes del Juglar", the author makes a fictional narrative about the making of the accordion, taking Cyrill Demian's son, Guido Demian, as central character.


Levine Hat Company

Levine Hat Company is a privately owned, family-operated hat store in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. The business was founded by Benjamin Levine in 1903.
Levine Hat Company's showroom houses up to 50,000 hats at any given time, most of which are available for customers to browse and try on.
History.
In 1903, shortly after emigrating from Russia, Benjamin Levine and his young family began a small hatmaking operation in Saint Louis. They had previously been furriers and cap hood makers in their homeland of Minsk.
In the 1970s the business moved into retail and phased out some of its manufacturing to become a specialty retailer.
Levine Hat Company has had 3 different locations, all in the Washington Avenue Historic District, sometimes referred to as the garment district.
In 2011, it was named one of the top 7 hat stores in the USA by GQ.
In 2013, its historical hats and millinery equipment were loaned to The Griot Museum of Black History and showcased at Lambert International Airport.
In 2016, it garnered media attention when it sold a blue hat to NHL Coach Ken Hitchcock, who said it helped him win the Winter Classic.
In 2017, it sponsored a St Louis Art Museum exhibit featuring works of Edgar Degas.
In 2018, it won the "Retailer of the Year" award from the National Headwear Association.


Frederick William Collard

Frederick William Collard (baptised 1772, died 1860) was a British piano manufacturer.
Life.
Collard, son of William and Thamosin Collard, was baptised at Wiveliscombe, Somerset, on 21 June 1772, and coming to London at the age of fourteen, obtained a situation in the house of Longman, Lukey, & Broderip, music publishers and pianoforte makers at 26 Cheapside.
In 1799 Longman & Co. fell into commercial difficulties, and a new company, consisting of John Longman, Muzio Clementi, Frederick Augustus Hyde, F. W. Collard, Josiah Banger, and David Davis, took over the business, but on 28 June 1800 Longman and Hyde retired, and the firm henceforth was known as Muzio Clementi & Co. After some time William Frederick Collard was admitted a partner, and on 24 June 1817 Banger went out. On 24 June 1831 the partnership between F. W. Collard, W. F. Collard, and Clementi expired, and the two brothers continued the business until 24 June 1842, when W. F. Collard retired, and F. W. Collard, then sole proprietor, took into partnership his two nephews, Frederick William Collard, jun., and Charles Lukey Collard.
After 1832 the pianos which had long borne the name of Clementi began to be called "Collard & Collard", and many patents were in course of time taken out for improvements both in the action and the frame of the instruments. The firm soon gave up the business of music publishing, and confined themselves to pianoforte making, except that they had also the contract for supplying bugles, fifes, and drums to the regiments of the East India Company until 1858, when the government of India was transferred to the queen. About this time a novelty was brought out, which was suggested by an article in "Chambers's Journal," a piano of the cottage class styled pianoforte for the people, which was sold in considerable numbers. To the Great Exhibition of 1851 Collard sent a grand, for which the musical jury awarded the council medal, but this award was not confirmed, owing to some feeling of jealousy.
The firm suffered twice from large fires; on 20 March 1807 the manufactory in Tottenham Court Road was burnt to the ground, and on 10 Dec. 1851 a new manufactory in Oval Road, Camden Town, was entirely destroyed.
F. W. Collard died at 26 Cheapside on 31 Jan. 1860, aged 88, having always lived in the same house since his arrival in London in 1786.
William Frederick Collard, the brother and partner of the above, was baptised at Wiveliscombe on 25 Aug. 1776, and, in addition to an inventive genius respecting improvements in pianos, also developed a taste for lyric poetry. He retired from business in 1842, and died at Folkestone on 11 Oct. 1866.


Masahiro Kikuno

 is a Japanese watchmaker and youngest member of Académie Horlogère des Créateurs Indépendants.
As a child, Kikuno had a fascination with mechanical items. He wore out the owners manual of the family car looking through it at age 2. After high school, he joined the Japanese military where his skills in dismantling and reassembling weapons were noted and he was placed in a job repairing rifles.
Kikuno studied at the Hiko Mizuno Watchmaking School though the three year course focused on repair rather than creating new timepieces (WOSTEP). He instead turned to George Daniels step by step book "Watchmaking" and taught himself, afterwards teaching watchmaking at the school for three more years. He sold his first watch at age 29.
Kikuno rose to prominence with the debut of his 2011 adaptation of Hisashige Tanaka's myriad year clock in wristwatch form at BaselWorld. This wadokei clock which measures temporal hours which change in length with the seasons. Made completely by hand, 6 daylight hours and 6 night hours slowly move around the watch face with the seasons. Each 18million (approximately $160,000 USD) watch is tuned to the customer's latitude by Kikuno.


Robert Thom (engineer)

Robert Thom (1774-1847) was a Scottish civil engineer who worked upon major hydraulic projects on the Isle of Bute and Inverclyde. On Bute, he created aqueducts to increase the flow of water which powered the cotton mills there, so that their capacity was increased. This economic success resulted in him becoming the laird of Ascog. He then created a larger system to supply water power to Greenock. The reservoir is named after him — Loch Thom — and the supply aqueduct is known as the Greenock Cut. In the early 1800s, he designed the first water purification plant in Scotland.


Joshua Van Sant

Joshua Van Sant (December 31, 1803 – April 8, 1884) was a United States Congressional representative from Maryland.
Van Sant was born in Millington in Kent County, Maryland. He moved with his parents to Wilmington, Delaware, in 1807, and later to Philadelphia in 1812. He attended the common schools before moving to Baltimore, Maryland. He engaged in hat making in 1817, became a journeyman, and continued at that trade until 1835. He was an unsuccessful candidate as a Jackson Democrat (supporting seventh President Andrew Jackson) to the lower chamber Maryland House of Delegates of the General Assembly of Maryland in 1833 and 1834, but served as a delegate to the State constitutional convention (version unratified) in 1836. He also served as U.S. Postmaster of Baltimore from 1839 to 1841, served again as a member of the House of Delegates in 1845, and as commissioner of Baltimore finances from March 1, 1846 to March 1, 1855. He was trustee of the city and county almshouse (poor house municipal charity) from 1847 to 1853 and in 1861. He also served as a commissioner of public schools from 1852 to 1854, and later as president of that city Board of School Commissioners for the Baltimore City Public Schools in 1854. He is mentioned as the President of the (Baltimore) Institute of Music in 1856 (see "The Sun" The Baltimore Sun daily newspaper - 25 November 1856).
Van Sant was elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third Congress, where he served from March 4, 1853, to March 3, 1855. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Thirty-fourth Congress in 1854. He later served as a presidential elector on the Democratic ticket of John C. Breckinridge in pivotal crucial Presidential Election of 1860 which led up to the American Civil War (1861-1865), and was delegate to the State constitutional convention in 1867 which created the fourth version and current state constitution. He was director of the Maryland State Penitentiary (founded 1806) from 1867 to 1869, serving two years as president. He was member of the board of trustees of the McDonough Educational Fund and Institute (for the modern McDonough School) from 1867 to 1871, serving as president in 1871, and member and president of the board for Bay View Asylum (later renamed Baltimore City Hospitals, then Francis Scott Key Medical Center, and today as Johns Hopkins Bayview) from 1868 to 1870.
Van Sant served as mayor of Baltimore from 1871 to 1875, during which time the current Baltimore City Hall massive construction project 1867-1875, was completed under budget and dedicated. He later declined to be a candidate for renomination. He was appointed city comptroller of Baltimore in July 1876 and served five years until January 1881. Afterwards, he was elected to that office and served until his 1884 death in Baltimore. He is interred in Greenmount Cemetery off of Greenmount Avenue and East North Avenue in northeast Baltimore.


Hidden Lake (Flathead County, Montana)

Hidden Lake is located in Glacier National Park, in the U. S. state of Montana.
Hidden Lake is surrounded by numerous peaks, including Bearhat Mountain to the southwest, Clements Mountain to the north, and Reynolds Mountain to the east. Hidden Lake is a popular day hike destination, with the Hidden Lake overlook a hike from Logan Pass, and the lakeshore adding another one way.


Beardowear

Beardowear is a company in Toronto, Ontario, Canada that designs headwear, beard hats, tees, and other accessories. In 2011, Beardowear was featured as a main presenter on Canada's "Dragons' Den" television series on CBC.
Their initial design was the 'beardo beard hat', with a foldaway, detachable and adjustable beard. Beardowear holds several patents for this beardhat design as well as other original products in Canada, USA, the UK and European Union. Beardo Beard hats and their other products are currently sold through their online store and are also available through several retailers, specialty outlets and other online stores. In June 2011, Beardowear was featured in "The Globe and Mail" newspaper which lists the company as one of the top twelve quintessentially Canadian small businesses.
Company history.
Jeff Phillips founded Beardowear and designed the first beard hat while snowboarding atop the "7th heaven" run in Whistler, British Columbia, Canada in the winter of 2006. Beardowear has now expanded to a full snow, skate, surf accessories company, sold worldwide and becoming a key leader in beanies sales.
the Beardowear brand expanded to include international hubs in the UK [beardo.co.uk] Australia [beardo.com.au], Russia and the Netherlands.
Celebrities and press.
Beardowear has received various press hits from celebrities including; Marilyn Denis, George Stromboulopoulos and Yumi Stynes. The Toronto Star featured the Companies namesake product on the front page of their national paper in 2010


Red Crescent Rupayan Tower

Red Crescent Rupayan Tower (known as Red Crescent Tower) is a 45-storey skyscraper currently under construction in the city of Dhaka, Bangladesh.


Ignacio Pinazo Camarlench

Ignacio Pinazo Camarlench (January 11, 1849 – October 18, 1916) was a Spanish painter from Valencia. He was one of the most prominent Impressionist painters from late nineteenth century Spain.
Biography.
Born into a poor family in Valencia, Pinazo was forced from a young age to assist in supporting the family by practising various trades. He had only attended eight grades when his mother died of the cholera, and young Ignazio was variously employed as a silversmith, a painter of tiles, and a decorator of fans. After his father's death, he lived with his grandparents, and in 1864 enrolled in the San Carlos Academy of Fine Arts, Valencia, earning his living as a hatter.
His artistic career started when he was 21, and he achieved his first success in Barcelona three years later. In 1871, work by him was displayed in the National Exhibition of Fine Arts for the first time.
In 1873 the sale of a painting provided sufficient funds for him to visit Rome for the first time. When he returned to his native city in 1874, he abandoned the conventional historic themes he had so far devoted his efforts to, and instead started painting family subjects, nude figures, and scenes from daily life, thereby anticipating Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida and Francisco Domingo both in subject and style. This is the beginning of a more intimate, Impressionist style.
He returned to Rome in 1876, having obtained a grant from the Diputación de València, this time staying for five years.
In 1884, due to a cholera epidemic in Valencia, Pinazo temporarily moved to the town of Bétera, where he stayed in the villa “Maria” of the banker Jose Jaumandreu. From 1884 to 1886 he taught at the School of Valencia. He received many commissions from the Valencian aristocracy, among them the Marchioness of Benicarló.
The annual art exhibitions brought Pinazo silver medals in 1881 and 1885, and gold medals in 1887 and 1899. He also received a royal medal and in 1912 a street in Valencia was named after him.
He was married to Teresa Martinez Montfort. They had two sons, Ignacio and Jose, both of whom became painters themselves. He died in Godella, aged 67.
Work.
Ignazio Pinazo worked with dark colours: black, brown and other earth-like shades, as well as in the scintillating palette typical of Impressionism. His work often shows rapid brush strokes. Paintings include:
Part of his work can be seen in the "Basilica de la asunción" in the town of Cieza, and in the Museu de Belles Arts de València (Valencia Museum of Fine Arts). The largest collection of this painter's work is held at the Institut Valencià d'Art Modern (Valencia Institute of Modern Art), with over one hundred paintings and six hundred drawings, although unfortunately these are not on permanent display. A selection of his work may also be viewed at the Museo del Prado in Madrid.


Kiton

Kiton is an Italian luxury menswear company founded by Ciro Paone in 1968 and based in Arzano, in the Metropolitan City of Naples.
History.
Kiton was founded by Ciro Paone in Arzano (province of Naples) in 1968. The name Kiton derives from "chiton", the ceremonial tunic worn by the ancient Greeks to pray to the gods of Olympus.
In 1995, Kiton launched a line of womenswear. In 2009, Kiton bought the Carlo Barbera woollen mill in Biella (born in 1949). In 2013, Kiton launched its retail operations in India. In 2015, Kiton launched its eyewear collection and opened a 2,500-square-foot store in San Francisco. In 2018, Kiton launched an athleisure collection.
Description.
Kiton is the trademark brand of the company Ciro Paone SpA, a company founded in 1956. As of 2019, the company employs about 800 employees and manages 50 stores worldwide. Antonio de Matteis, nephew of Ciro Paone, is CEO of the company. Maria Giovanna Paone, daughter of Ciro Paone, is the vice-president and the creative director of the brand's womenswear.
Kiton have five factories in Arzano, Collecchio, Fidenza, Marcianise and Biella.


Office of the World Bank, London

The Office of the World Bank in London is the diplomatic mission of the World Bank Group in the United Kingdom. It is located in the Millbank Tower, a well-known landmark just south of Westminster.


Hirth joint

A Hirth joint or Hirth coupling is a type of mechanical connection named after its developer Albert Hirth. It is used to connect two pieces of a shaft together and is characterized by tapered teeth that mesh together on the end faces of each half shaft.
Construction.
Hirth joints consist of radial teeth formed by grooves milled or ground into the end face of a cylindrical shaft.
The teeth mesh around a ring, as the torque capacity of teeth increases with their diameter. This ring is arranged to be at the maximal possible diameter for the space available. The centre of a shaft is not toothed, as this would add little torque capacity to the coupling and the increasingly narrow teeth would become impractical to cut.
For instance, a shaft of 60 mm diameter can be toothed in a 12 mm wide ring only (inner diameter is 36 mm) without jeopardizing the load-bearing capacity of the shaft.
Tapered, symmetrical serrations are used. Profile angles of 60 and 90 degrees are used. A key feature of the Hirth joint is that, unlike simple splines, the load-bearing faces of the joint are tapered. This allows the joint to be tightened so that there is no backlash by simply applying an axial load. This is done by either bolting the shafts together or by applying spring pressure from an external housing. This lack of backlash also reduces wear due to fretting.
The coupling is defined by the groove count, the outer diameter of the cylindrical feature, the bottom angle of the grooves (to the axis of the cylindrical feature), and their depth. Hirth joints are designed as mating pairs and, unlike splines, there is no standardised off-the-shelf sizing system for them.
Uses.
Hirth's joints were first used in aircraft engine crankshafts. A large number of cylinders and often the need for reduction gears and supercharger drives made it impractical to manufacture a one-piece crankshaft, so Hirth joints were used to couple the sections. They have been used in complex crankshafts for many years afterward, particularly where the output power was taken from a central drive gear. As a large gear could neither be formed-in-place nor passed over the crank webs, it could be machined separately and placed between two half-crankshafts with Hirth's joints. They are also used in gas turbine shafts, in accessories for surgical operating tables, in agricultural machines for fixing tools etc., and in bike parts and frames, such as Campagnolo's "Ultra-Torque" bicycle crankset, and in Bicycle Torque Couplings.
Specialized's "S-Works" top-level racing mountain bike cranksets use a Hirth joint with a center hex-head threaded rod to secure the crank halves together.
The crank design and technology was licensed from Lightning Cycle Dynamics, which utilized and patented a two-piece bicycle crank using the Hirth coupling in 1995.
Large-diameter Hirth couplings can effect extremely accurate and repeatable rotational positioning. For this reason, they are used in indexing heads and rotary tables for precision machining and inspection tasks. Commercial products such as the Ultradex achieve sub-arc-second accuracy.
Hirth-like joints are often found on camera support equipment, where they are called rosettes.
Curvic coupling.
Curvic couplings are similar in concept and appearance to Hirth couplings, except that their teeth are curved instead of straight. Like Hirth couplings, they lock the components together in an unlockable/removable way and provide indexability.


Middleborough station

Middleborough station (also called Pilgrim Junction) is a planned MBTA Commuter Rail station in Middleborough, Massachusetts. It is expected to open in late 2023 as part of the South Coast Rail project, replacing Middleborough/Lakeville station for regular service. The station will have a single side platform located inside the wye between the Middleborough Main Line and the Middleboro Secondary.
The Fall River Railroad opened through Middleborough in 1845–46. Three branch lines from Middleborough followed: the Cape Cod Branch Railroad in 1847, the Middleborough and Taunton Railroad in 1856, and the Plymouth and Middleborough Railroad in 1892. The lines were consolidated under the Old Colony Railroad, which constructed a Tudor-style station building in 1887. The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad acquired the Old Colony in 1893. Passenger service declined in the 20th century, with commuter rail service to Boston ending in 1959.
From 1984 to 1988, Cape Cod and Hyannis Railroad seasonal commuter and excursion service stopped in Middleborough at the former station, which was demolished in the 1990s. MBTA service on the Middleborough/Lakeville line began in 1997, using Middleborough/Lakeville station to the south rather than the downtown station site. In 2017, a re-evaluation of the South Coast Rail project proposed an interim route via Middleborough, with a new Middleborough station. The site at the Pilgrim Junction wye was chosen in 2018, and a construction contract awarded in 2020.
Station layout.
The station is planned to be located inside the wye between the north-south Middleborough Main Line and the east-west Middleboro Secondary, slightly south of downtown Middleborough. The -long high-level platform will be located on the northwest leg of the wye, with pedestrian access to West Grove Street (Route 28) at its northeast end. A 500-space parking lot will be located inside the wye, with an access driveway running southeast to South Main Street (Route 105) at its intersection with I-495 ramps. Space is reserved for a proposed -long platform on the southwest leg of the wye (across from the Middleborough Layover, the main layover yard for the Middleborough/Lakeville Line) to serve future shuttle trains to Cape Cod.
History.
Old Colony Railroad.
The Fall River Railroad opened between South Braintree and Fall River in stages from June 1945 to December 1946. The connecting Cape Cod Branch Railroad opened from Middleborough to Sandwich in May 1847, and to in 1854 as the Cape Cod Railroad. The Fall River Railroad merged with the Old Colony Railroad in 1854 to become the Old Colony and Fall River Railroad; it was renamed as the Old Colony and Newport Railroad in 1863 and the Old Colony Railroad again in 1872. The Cape Cod Railroad was acquired by the Old Colony in 1872, serving as its Cape Main Line.
The Middleborough and Taunton Railroad opened from Middleborough to south of Taunton on the New Bedford and Taunton Railroad in 1856; it was acquired by the Old Colony in 1874. By 1885, schedules on the Old Colony were arranged to allow commuting from Middleborough. In 1887, the Old Colony built a large Tudor-style station (similar to the still-extant Kingston station) at Station Street, replacing the original Fall River Railroad station on the same site. Two other stations were located in Middleborough on the Cape Main Line south of downtown: Rock (also known as Rock Meeting House) at Miller Street in Rock Village, and South Middleboro at Spruce Street.
The Plymouth and Middleborough Railroad opened between its namesake cities in 1892 and was immediately leased to the Old Colony. The next year, the Old Colony was acquired by the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad. Middleborough served as a rail hub for southeastern Massachusetts, with lines in five directions. Facilities at Middleborough included a freight house, a freight yard, and a roundhouse.
20th century.
Grade crossings were eliminated in downtown Middleborough in 1900. Centre Street and Grove Street were placed on bridges over the tracks, while South Main Street was depressed under the tracks.
Passenger service on the lightly used branch to Plymouth was discontinued in 1927; this also ended local service between Taunton and Middleborough, which had operated as a Plymouth–Middleborough–Taunton service (sometimes through-routed to Providence). Freight service on the Plymouth–Middleborough line, largely for cranberry growers, ended in 1939. Passenger service on the Middleborough–Myricks section of the original Fall River line ended in 1931; freight service ended in 1932, and the line was abandoned in 1937. Rock and South Middleboro stations were closed on July 17, 1938, as part of a massive station closure.
Middleborough was a stop for New York–Cape Cod trains (with a short backup move to reach the station) until 1938, after which the trains ran express between and Wareham. This year-round "Cape Codder" service ran until 1958, then summers only from 1960 to 1964. Commuter service to Boston (with Middleborough the outer terminus for some trains) ran until June 30, 1959, when the New Haven ceased all passenger service on the Old Colony Division. The bridge over the Neponset River burned soon afterwards, preventing any further service from Boston to the Cape stopping at Middleborough; a Boston–Hyannis train via Stoughton ran during the summer of 1961.
The lines north, west, and southeast from Middleborough remained in use for freight service: by the New Haven until 1969, Penn Central to 1971, Conrail to 1997, and CSX since. Freight service southeast from Middleborough was taken over by the Bay Colony Railroad shortline in 1982 and the Massachusetts Coastal Railroad in 2007, interchanging with CSX at Middleborough Yard.
MBTA era.
Restoration of passenger service was proposed intermittently through the 1960s and 1970s. On October 15, 1979, a special train ran from Braintree to Middleborough to publicize the state's plans for restored service. A 1974 state analysis of restoring commuter rail service indicated that the Middleborough station could be reused. From 1984 to 1988, Cape Cod and Hyannis Railroad seasonal commuter and excursion service stopped in Middleborough at the former station. From 1986 to 1996, Amtrak's "Cape Codder" ran through Middleborough, but like the 1960s trains it did not stop in Middleborough due to the station location. The former station was demolished in the 1990s. The 1887-built freight house was added to the National Register of Historic Places as part of the Middleborough Center Historic District in 2000; it was proposed for restoration in 2011. It was destroyed by fire in October 2020.
In 1984, a state-directed MBTA study found that restoration of commuter rail service would be feasible. A Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) was released in May 1990, followed by a Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) in 1992. Both called for a Middleborough/Lakeville station off Route 105 south of Middleborough on the Lakeville border, rather than reusing the old station site. MBTA Commuter Rail Middleborough/Lakeville Line service to Middleborough/Lakeville station began on September 29, 1997; a layover facility was located just west of the wye on the Middleboro Secondary.
South Coast Rail.
1980s planning for the South Coast Rail project, which will restore passenger service to Fall River and New Bedford, considered routes via Middleborough, Stoughton, and Attleboro. The Stoughton route was the preferred alternative until the project was cancelled in 2003. Planning restarted in 2005; in September 2008, MassDOT released 18 potential station sites, including a "village-style" station in downtown Middleborough. By 2009, the Stoughton route was again the preferred alternative.
In 2017, the project was re-evaluated due to cost issues. The new proposal called for early service via Middleborough by 2022, followed by full service via Stoughton by 2030. A new Middleborough station was to replace the existing Middleborough/Lakeville station, which could not be served by South Coast Rail trains. Middleborough and Lakeville officials were critical of the possibility of abandoning the current Middleborough/Lakeville station - which has attracted transit-oriented development - or requiring its riders to take a shuttle train, as well as possible traffic issues from a downtown Middleborough station.
The January 2018 "Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Report" considered three potential operational patterns: a reverse move to serve the existing station, shuttle service from the existing station to Bridgewater station, or a new Middleborough station with a bus shuttle from the existing station. The latter was preferred because it had a shorter travel time than the reverse move, and would not require new double track as the Bridgewater shuttle would. Two possible Middleborough station sites were considered – the former downtown station site, and the wye (Pilgrim Junction) between the Middleborough Main Line and Middleboro Secondary – with the latter preferred for lower costs and less traffic impact. The CapeFLYER will continue to use Middleborough/Lakeville station, as the new station will not have a platform on the Middleborough Main Line. However, the station includes space for a future platform to serve shuttle trains to Cape Cod. As of fall 2020, the MBTA is conducting a study to evaluate the feasibility of implementing Buzzards Bay commuter rail service in conjunction with South Coast Rail. If such a service was implemented using the new Middleborough station, then it would likely consist of a separate shuttle train between Middleborough and Buzzards Bay, and would require passengers to transfer between trains at Middleborough, rather than offering a one-seat ride between Buzzards Bay and Boston.
Buildings at 161 South Main Street and 52 West Grove Street were demolished in 2020 to make room for the station and its parking lot. The MBTA awarded a $403.5 million contract for the Middleboro Secondary and New Bedford Secondary portions of the project, including Middleborough station, on August 24, 2020; construction was expected to begin later in 2020 and take 37 months, with a late 2023 opening.


Alexander Bain (inventor)

Alexander Bain (12 October 1810 – 2 January 1877) was a Scottish inventor and engineer who was first to invent and patent the electric clock. He installed the railway telegraph lines between Edinburgh and Glasgow.
Early life.
Bain was born in Houstry, near Watten, Caithness, Scotland. He was baptised in the local kirk on 22 November 1810. His father was a crofter. He had a twin sister, Margaret, and, in total, he had six sisters and six brothers. Bain did not excel in school and was apprenticed to a clockmaker in Wick.
Career.
Having learned the art of clockmaking, he went to Edinburgh, and in 1837 to London, where he obtained work as a journeyman in Clerkenwell. Bain frequented the lectures at the Polytechnic Institution and the Adelaide Gallery and later constructed his own workshop in Hanover Street.
Electric clocks.
In 1840, desperate for money to develop his inventions, Bain mentioned his financial problems to the editor of the Mechanics Magazine, who introduced him to Sir Charles Wheatstone. Bain demonstrated his models to Wheatstone, who, when asked for his opinion, said "Oh, I shouldn't bother to develop these things any further! There's no future in them." Three months later Wheatstone demonstrated an electric clock to the Royal Society, claiming it was his own invention. However, Bain had already applied for a patent for it. Wheatstone tried to block Bain's patents, but failed. When Wheatstone organised an Act of Parliament to set up the Electric Telegraph Company, the House of Lords summoned Bain to give evidence, and eventually compelled the company to pay Bain £10,000 and give him a job as manager, causing Wheatstone to resign.
Bain's first patent was dated 11 January 1841, and was in the names of John Barwise, chronometer maker, and Alexander Bain, mechanist. It describes his electric clock which uses a pendulum kept moving by electromagnetic impulses. He improved on this in later patents, including a proposal to derive the required electricity from an "earth battery", which consisted of plates of zinc and copper buried in the ground.
In December 1841, Bain in conjunction with Lieutenant Thomas Wright RN, patented a method for using electricity to control railway engines by turning off steam, marking time, giving signals, and printing information at different locations. The most significant idea incorporated in the patent was his plan for inverting the needle telegraph earlier developed by Ampere, Wheatstone and others: instead of making signals by a pivoted magnetic needle under the influence of an electromagnet, he made them by suspending a movable coil between the poles of a fixed magnet. A similar concept appears in Sir William Thomson's siphon recorder. Bain also proposed to make the coil record messages by printing them, an idea he developed further in a subsequent patent. His telegraph was also successful abroad: "The initial Austrian Bain instruments were made by Johann Michael Ekling in Vienna, and later by the k.k. Telegraphenwerkstätte Wein, the Imperial Royal Telegraph Workshops Vienna."
"For many years I have devoted myself to rendering electricity practically useful, and have been extensively engaged, not only in this country, but in America and on the Continent, in the construction and working of the Electric Telegraph; while at the same time, the employment of electricity in the measurement of time has also engaged my attention."
Alexander Bain, "A Short History of the Electric Clocks"
Surviving examples.
Bain's extant electric clocks come from two stages of development between the 1840s and the 1860s. Examples can be seen in Watten's Village Hall, the National Museum of Scotland, the National Maritime Museum of London, the London Science Museum and the Deutsches Uhrenmuseum. The most rare and interesting mantel clocks are in private hands. One featured in the "Electrifying Time" exhibition in 1977 at the London Science Museum. Bain sometimes found complex and ornate solutions to relatively simple, although not easy to solve problems. The most complex, his mantel clock, worked on an electro-magnetic pull push, pull push for each complete period of swing employing a pendulum with opposing magnetic fields. At a very similar time, Matthäus Hipp constructed a more simple and reliable system which used a simple toggle switch to impulse the pendulum every so often.
Facsimile machine.
 Bain worked on an experimental fax machine from 1843 to 1846. He used a clock to synchronise the movement of two pendulums for line-by-line scanning of a message. For transmission, Bain applied metal pins arranged on a cylinder made of insulating material. An electric probe that transmitted on-off pulses then scanned the pins. The message was reproduced at the receiving station on electrochemically sensitive paper impregnated with a chemical solution similar to that developed for his chemical telegraph. In his patent description dated 27 May 1843 for "improvements in producing and regulating electric currents and improvements in timepieces, and in electric printing, and signal telegraphs," he claimed that "a copy of any other surface composed of conducting and non-conducting materials can be taken by these means". The transmitter and receiver were connected by five wires. In 1850 he applied for an improved version but was too late, as Frederick Bakewell had obtained a patent for his superior "image telegraph" two years earlier in 1848.
Bain's and Bakewell's laboratory mechanisms reproduced poor quality images and were not viable systems because the transmitter and receiver were never truly synchronized. In 1861, the first practical operating electro-mechanical commercially exploited telefax machine, the Pantelegraph, was invented by the Italian physicist Giovanni Caselli. He introduced the first commercial telefax service between Paris and Lyon at least 11 years before the invention of workable telephones.
Chemical telegraph.
On 12 December 1846, Bain, who was then living in Edinburgh, patented a chemical telegraph. He had seen that the Morse and other telegraphs then in use were comparatively slow, due to the mechanical inertia of their moving parts, and realized that the signal current could be used to make a readable mark on a moving paper tape soaked in a mixture of ammonium nitrate and potassium ferrocyanide, which gave a blue mark when a current was passed through it.
The speed at which marks could be made on the paper was so high that hand signalling could not keep up with it, and so Bain devised a method of automatic signalling using punched paper tape. The concept was later used by Wheatstone in his automatic sender. Bain's chemical telegraph was tried between Paris and Lille, and attained a speed of 282 words in 52 seconds, a great advance on Morse's telegraph which could only give about 40 words per minute.
In England Bain's telegraph was used on the wires of the Electric Telegraph Company to a limited extent, and in 1850 it was used in America by Henry O'Reilly. However, it incurred the hostility of Samuel Morse, who obtained an injunction against it on the grounds that the paper tape and alphabet used fell under his patent. Consequently, by 1859 Bain's telegraph was in use on only one line and never really entered general usage.
Later life.
Initially Bain made a considerable sum from his inventions but lost his wealth in poor investments. In 1873, Sir William Thomson, Sir William Siemens, Latimer Clark and others obtained a Civil List pension for Bain from Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone of £80 per year.
Death and legacy.
Bain was buried in the Auld Aisle Cemetery, Kirkintilloch. It was restored in 1959. The headstone had a fallacious date of death (1876) which was later corrected to 1877. JD Wetherspoons pub in Wick, close to where Alexander Bain served his apprenticeship, is now named 'The Alexander Bain' after the inventor. Also, as a tribute to his inventions, the main BT building in Glasgow is named Alexander Bain House. One of the earliest examples of an electrically impulsed pendulum clock is on display at the Deutsches Uhrenmuseum.
In 2016, he was posthumously awarded the Technology & Engineering Emmy Award "for his pioneering work in the transmission of images". The statuette is on display in Kirkintilloch Town Hall.


Manitoba Campaign to Ban Landmines

The Manitoba Campaign to Ban Landmines (MBCBL) was Canada's only provincial campaign to ban landmines. It was a registered non-profit organization in the province of Manitoba. The MBCBL was a member of the 1997 Nobel Peace Prize co-laureate International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL), Mines Action Canada, and the Cluster Munition Coalition.
The MBCBL was launched on 1 March 2002 at a ceremony at the Manitoba Legislature in Winnipeg. Premier Gary Doer and Deputy Premier Jean Friesen attended the ceremony and were joined by students from a number of Winnipeg area schools.
The main goals of the MBCBL were to raise awareness in Manitoba of the global landmine crisis and to encourage Manitobans to take action to help solve that problem. Much of the MBCBL's outreach work was focused on engaging with schools throughout Manitoba.
In early 2005, the MBCBL launched a fundraising campaign for the One Love Project in Rwanda which raised nearly $40,000. The One Love Project builds and repairs prostheses and orthoses for landmine survivors and other disabled people. Its orthopedic workshop is based in Kigali, and its mobile clinic travels to all of Rwanda's twelve provinces. In 2007, the One Love Project began to expand its operations into neighbouring Burundi. In 2008, the MBCBL added the National Committee for Demining and Rehabilitation (NCDR) in Jordan to its fundraising efforts.
In 2014, the MBCBL underwent a change in focus and was rebranded as Manitobans Against Indiscriminate Weapons (MBAIW). The new non-profit organization continues to focus on the landmine issue but has added cluster munitions and other indiscriminate weapons to its mandate.


Sunnybrooke station

Sunnybrooke is a commuter rail station operated by the Réseau de transport métropolitain (RTM) in the borough of Pierrefonds-Roxboro in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
It was served by the Exo Deux-Montagnes line. On December 31, 2020, the Deux-Montagnes line closed permanently in favour of REM service, which will operate along the same route. Rail service at the station will resume with the opening of the Deux-Montagnes branch of the REM, expected in the second quarter of 2024.
History.
The station is located at 9670 Gouin Blvd. West, in Dollard-des-Ormeaux, Quebec.
The station takes its name from the nearby Boulevard Sunnybrooke, which crosses the railroad at the exit of the station.
From the opening of the Deux-Montagnes Line in 1918 until the modernization of the line, which took place between 1993 and 1995, the area was served by a nearby station called A-ma-Baie, located by Alexander Blvd; near Gouin Blvd. and buses.


Theodor August Heintzman

Theodor August Heintzman (birth name Theodore August Heintzmann) (19 May 1817 – 25 July 1899) was a German-Canadian piano manufacturer (Heintzman & Co.) and inventor, best known for founding the piano company which still bears his name.
Born in Berlin, Heintzman worked in various manufacturing jobs as a youth, eventually settling in at a German piano factory. In 1840, he married his boss' daughter and, following the lead of her family, immigrated to the United States in 1850.
It is believed by the Heintzman family that Theodor immigrated on the same boat as Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg, another piano-maker, and the two attempted to start a business in New York City. They soon parted ways, however, with Heintzman taking his family to Buffalo where he started again; Steinweg eventually changed his name to Steinway and became a successful piano manufacturer in his own right. In Buffalo, Heintzman worked at Keogh Piano Company (located at what is now Fireman's Park) before he started the a piano forte firm with Francis Drew and Henry Annowsky (1853 as Drew, Heintzman and Annowsky at 10 and Court Street), which he ran until it went under in 1858. From 1858 to 1860 Heintzman ran Western Pianoforte Manufactory Company in Hamilton, Ontario (founded in 1856 by Charles Thomas).
In 1860, Heintzman moved to Toronto, where he constructed his first four pianos in the kitchen of his son-in-law; these sold well, and with the proceeds he was able to found Heintzman & Co., Ltd., setting up his primary warehouse first on Toronto's York Street, soon moving to King Street near Yonge.
Heintzman enjoyed a reputation as a grand showman, often performing on his pianos as part of his sales pitch. Of note is that Heintzman took several of his pianos with him on the first trans-Canadian rail trip, which he used both as a means for sale and advertising.
Heintzman pianos soon grew steadily in reputation, and as a result, Heintzman became a very wealthy man. He and his four adult sons (all of whom were in the family business) settled into West Toronto Junction which was, at the time, a separate town from Toronto. Heintzman's estate, built in 1889, was called "The Birches", and despite some internal modifications, it still stands on Annette Street, across the street from Annette Street Public School. A property developer's plan to tear it down in the early 1980s sparked a protest from local citizens, and a compromise was reached wherein the exterior has been restored in the original Queen Anne Revival style. Two of his sons' homes in the area are also still standing: Herman Heintzman's home on High Park Avenue and George Heinztman's house on Woodside Avenue. A larger estate of George's in Thornhill, Ontario is also still standing.
The Junction was also home to the primary Heintzman factory prior to the moving of operations to Hanover (today, most Heintzman pianos are made in China). Heintzman Street, a short, dead-end road which runs just north of Dundas Street, formerly led to the Junction factory, which in its heyday employed over 200 craftsmen, making it one of the largest Canadian factories of any kind for its time. A nearby Lutheran Church, which Heintzman and his family attended, bears a plaque memorializing Heintzman's contributions to both the Junction and the piano industry.
He died in 1899, shortly after the death of his wife.


Ding Huan

Ding Huan () was a Chinese craftsman, mechanical engineer, and inventor who lived in the first century BC during the Han dynasty. Among the inventions attributed to him is an air conditioning system based on evaporative cooling.
Purported invention of the zoetrope.
In his multi-volume "Science and Civilisation in China", the British scientist and historian Joseph Needham briefly describes several devices he classes as "... a variety of zoetrope, which may well have originated in China". The first example he offers used an umbrella-like canopy hung over an oil lamp and provided with a vaned opening at its top, so that heated air rising from the lamp would cause it to rotate. The lower part of the canopy was in the form of a cylinder and had translucent panes with paintings of animals or men. Sufficiently rapid rotation would "give an impression of movement" to the painted figures. Several later writers have misreported Needham by crediting this particular device to Ding Huan. The only such invention Needham attributes to Ding Huan is "a 'nine-storied hill-censer' ... on which many strange birds and mysterious animals were attached. All ... moved quite naturally ... presumably as soon as the lamp was lit."
Needham claims these devices "certainly embodied the principle of a rapid succession of images", but it is not apparent from any of the descriptions provided that there was anything other than a "procession" of painted figures or carvings or cast shadows seen actually moving through space. By contrast, the invention for which the name "zoetrope" was coined in the 19th century is, like the flip book, an animation device that creates an "illusion" of motion from a series of images showing successive phases of that motion, by rapidly presenting them to the viewer one after another in such a way that each abruptly replaces (or "seems" to abruptly replace) the previous one.


TahNibaa Naataanii

TahNibaa Naataanii (born in 1967 in Shiprock, New Mexico) is a Native American traditional artist and a member of the Navajo Tribe. She has espoused a belief that creativity should be allowed to be the source of art and that artists should not have to confine themselves to a particular style. Naataanii has also stated that weaving art and tradition should be passed along to present and future generations, with her art techniques and mediums being the traditional form, and artistic style dependent on the artist.
Bibliography.
TahNibbaa Naataanii was born on May 5, 1967 in Shiprock New Mexico to Sarah H. Natani, a weaver. Her paternal grandmother gave her the name TahNibaa Aglohiigiih, which means "TahNibaa the Weaver". By the age of five Naataanii had moved away from her birthplace and was attending kindergarten in Ft. Defiance, Arizona.
She was taught how to weave when she was seven and when she was ten, her family moved to Table Mesa, about 12 miles south from her birthplace. Naataanii continued to weave during the summers up until she finished high school, selling what she wove so she could buy herself new clothes for the next academic year. While attending school Naataanii found it difficult to live with the Biligaana (white people) and Diné (own people) at the same time, often having both cultural and societal forms of living interfering with one another. After completing high school she enlisted in the U.S. Navy. Naataannii has stated that she enlisted because she wanted to travel the country but instead she traveled the world.
Naataanii was unable to weave for five years while she was enlisted and has recalled traveling to countries like the Philippines and Thailand, being in indigenous neighborhoods, and seeing people living like in some reservations where certain technologies and things like running water were not present. Whilst there, she was also able to see weavings from those particular cultures during that time, and even stating she felt a connection with these cultures.
During a brief stint in California, her mother decided to send her weaving supplies and tools and decided to begin weaving again. After acquiring a bachelor's degree in Environmental Management from the Northern New Mexico College, she was offered a position as a bio-scientist, but rejected that opportunity and decided to pursue in order to pursue weaving full time.
During March 2016 she took training from "The Business of Indian Agriculture".
Art style and philosophy.
When asked about inspiration and her creative process, Naataanii has stated that the best way to weave is to not stick to the rules or boundaries set by other weaving artists of past generations. Her work has been described as traditional by multiple institutions and artists in that the background behind the piece and patterns used are inspired by aspects of her native culture. Naataanii uses both traditional and non-traditional colors and raises her own sheep, which she sheers to create the dyed yarn used in her art.
Naataanii has espoused a strong determination to keep the Navajo weaving traditions alive and has taught her students, who are of both Native and non-native decent, the importance of taking care of the animals and learning the weaving songs which were once considered essential in the process.
Select artworks.
The Mother Earth Shawl piece was created in 2010 by TahNibaa Naataanii. This piece contains the usage of sky blues and reds and displays symmetry.She used traditional mediums such as wool and pigments for dyes to create the red and blue colors.
In her Second Phase Shoulder blanket created in 2011. This piece uses traditional mediums such as wool and pigments for dyes. Like most Phase II blankets they had red blocks on the ends and blue stripes going across as well as the use of traditional geometric shapes and patterns such as crosses and blocks.
Naataanii created her Spider Woman Shoulder Blanket in 2011. She used mediums such as wool and natural pigments to create the dyes used for the piece.
Exhibitions.
On March 6, 2020, an exhibition of TahNibaa Naataanii's work was held at the Heard Museum Indian Fair and Market, alongside other Native American Artists from a variety of different tribes.
Honors and awards.
Throughout the years weaving, Naataanii has won several awards for best pieces, and best shows. She has won such awards in the Santa Fe Fiber Art Show on multiple occasions as well as winning awards in The Heard Museum Indian Fair and Market as well as in the Gallup Intertribal Ceremonial and the Eight Northern Pueblo Arts and Craft Fair.


James Tubbs

James Tubbs (1835 – 1921) is one of the most celebrated English bow makers, and is considered "The English Tourte".
Together with his son Alfred (d. 1912), he produced more than 5,000 bows. It is generally accepted that James Tubbs ranks among the five or six most important bow makers in history. "The Tubbs family made bows and instruments as early as the 1800s, and five generations have practiced the craft".
Early life.
Born in London in 1835, the eldest of eleven children and son of William, James Tubbs worked for his father until 1860.
Career.
Tubbs first started making bows for William Ebsworth Hill around 1860 and continued that relationship until 1870. His bows made for W. E. Hill & Sons are stamped W E Hill and are sometimes double stamped. In the 1870s Tubbs settled on his own opening a shop at 94 Wardour Street. The early bows from this period were branded "J. TUBBS." Around 1878 he changed this brand to "Jas. TUBBS."
In 1885 he won a Gold medal for his bows at the Inventions Exhibition held that year in London, after which he was made bowmaker by Special Appointment to Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh.
Legacy.
In the widely cited book "Universal Dictionary of Violin & Bow Makers", William Henley calls Tubbs "this champion" and places him alongside Tourte, Peccatte and Voirin.
String players generally regard his bows as extremely desirable, and will often go to great lengths to obtain one and collectors may pay huge amounts to own one.
"Leading musicians of the day such as Piatti and Wilhelmj, were attracted by bows made by James Tubbs and were using them. Since then, his bows have been enjoyed and used by musicians (soloists, chamber musicians and orchestral players) the world over."
Typical characteristics of his work.
Head is broad and full, the model being an early work of Francois Tourte. The frog with pearl eyes and long ferrule and one piece long buttons with solid metal (ex: silver ) are also typical of this period. Finest examples have metal fittings of engraved gold.
Auction price.
In 1995 a bow by Tubbs was sold at Sotheby's auction house for $43,608, a record price for one of his bows.


TM-89 mine

The TM-89 is a Russian anti-tank mine first publicly shown in 1993. The mine uses a Misznay Schardin effect warhead capable of producing a 60 mm diameter hole in 100 mm of armour. The mine is fitted with a two-channel magnetic influence fuze, and can be laid from the GMZ-3 mine layer or by the VMR-2 helicopter mine layer.


Dry clutch


Frederick Graff

Frederick Graff (27 August 1775 Philadelphia – 13 April 1847 Philadelphia) was a hydraulic engineer.
Biography.
His early life was devoted to the trade of a carpenter, and he acquired skill as a draftsman. When twenty years old he was employed by B. H. Latrobe as his assistant engineer in erecting the first water works in Philadelphia, located in Centre Square. On 1 April 1805, he was elected superintendent and engineer of the works, but they were found to be wholly inadequate after several years of trial.
In 1811 Graff recommended Fairmount as the proper place for the water works, and was entrusted with their construction. At this time, the pipes were made of wood, but Graff devised an iron-pipe system to be used instead. He brought the work to perfection, and patterns of his fire plugs and stopcocks were sent to England. In 1822, when the basic system was complete, the city water committee sent him a resolution of thanks, and he was presented with a silver vase. His experience and ability became acknowledged throughout the country, and he supplied detailed information to about 37 corporations in the United States, including New York City and Boston.
By 1842, over 113 miles of water mains had been laid. He was engaged for 42 years in the service of the city of Philadelphia, and a monument to his memory was erected on the grounds of the Fairmount Water Works. In 1828 he received another from the water committee “as a testimonial of respect for his talents and zeal effectually displayed in overcoming unforeseen difficulties encountered in the construction of the northeast reservoir at Fairmount".
He died on April 13, 1847 and was interred at Laurel Hill Cemetery. At his death, his son, Frederic Graff, Jr. took his place.


Bush hammer

A bush hammer is a masonry tool used to texturize stone and concrete. Bush hammers exist in many forms, from simple hand-held hammers to large electric machines, but the basic functional property of the tool is always the same – a grid of conical or pyramidal points at the end of a large metal slug. The repeated impact of these points into stone or concrete creates a rough, pockmarked texture that resembles naturally weathered rock. They can help to increase bonding effectiveness when applying new concrete to an existing concrete surface by increasing the surface area of the bonding zone.
Modern bush hammer.
The bush hammer has since been modernized in the past years, making it easier for the users to perform tasks while still having intended impression the tool gives. These machines are built to give the impression that a bush hammer has been applied to the concrete. This allows contractors to work on a larger amount of the material without using individual hammers for the project. This saves time and labor costs for those working with the tool. There are angled points that rotate to help imitate this tool. See figure 3 and figure 4.
Inventor.
In 1831, Joseph Richards ( 1784-1848) invented the bush hammer or otherwise known to some as the axe hammer. The US patent was issued February 20, 1828 for a Stone-working tool, with a patent number of 5010X. Joseph Richards invention sparked many other inventors' designs for the bush hammer.
Similar tools.
The bush hammer is the patented title for this tool but has also been called different names over the years. The other most common name was the patent hammer which is described to have the same features and was used around the same time of the bush hammer. Another name this tool can go by is the axe hammer. This is due to the sharp conical edges the face of the hammer would contain.
References.
https://www.stonecontact.com/p/bush-hammering-machines
http://trowelcollector.blogspot.com/2015/12/joseph-richards-and-patent-hammer.html#:~:text=This%20YouTube%20video%20shows%20a,in%20Architecture%20at%20Archive.org.&text=The%20patent%20hammer%20was%20invented,patent%20was%20issued%2020%20Feb.
https://www.mainememory.net/artifact/19452


Wilhelm Paulson

Wilhelm Hans Paulson (August 14, 1857 – 1935) was a Canadian provincial politician. He was a Liberal member of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan.
Paulson was born in Iceland, the son of Paul Erlendson Paulson, and came to Canada in 1883. He was educated at home by his parents and also self-taught. In 1897, he married Anna Kristin Johnson. Paulson was a hardware merchant. He ran unsuccessfully for the Gimli seat in the Manitoba assembly in 1910. Paulson worked as a Canadian government official promoting colonization of the Canadian west from 1896 to 1905.
First elected in 1912 for Quill Plains, he was re-elected in 1917, 1924, 1925, and 1929 in Wynyard, a new name for the same electoral district.


Heel (shoe)


Asa Blanchard

Asa Blanchard (c. 1770 or 1787 - September 15, 1838) was a noted American silversmith and clockmaker active in Lexington, Kentucky, sometimes described as early Kentucky’s most prolific and successful silversmith. His surname was variously spelled "Blanset(t)," "Blancet(t)," "Blanchet," "Blanchit," or "Blanchard," often within one document.
Blanchard is believed to have been born Asa Blansett, circa 1770, in Dumfries, Virginia, and to have worked in Dumfries from about 1789-1806, using touchmarks of "A•B," "AB," and "A•BLANSETT." At some time before moving to Kentucky, he may have worked in New York and Philadelphia, a claim he made in his first Lexington advertisement in the "Kentucky Gazette and General Advertiser" of 28 December 28, 1807. (No documentation has been found to support this claim.) In 1806 he moved to Lexington, and began using marks with variations of "BLANCHARD" and "A•BLANCHARD." The first record of Blanchard in Kentucky is the Fayette County Order Book II of May 9, 1808, which states that "William Grant... be bound apprentice to Asa Blanchard." On June 30, 1809, Blanchard bought a lot on Mill Street in Lexington; the next year he bought a lot for his shop on the intersection of Mill and Short Streets. His advertisement in the "Reporter" of March 1816 lists "a large assortment of gold and silver work". He was married to Rebecca, before 1818, and after she died to the widow Hester Harris on March 7, 1838.
Over the next 32 years, Asa Blanchard worked in Lexington. When he died, his estate was valued at $40,000.


Balthazar Martinot

Balthazar Martinot (1636–1714) was a French clockmaker, and valet de chambre of the queen and of the King.
His daughter Anne Martinot married the king's goldsmith Philippe Van Dievoet.
He was considered in his time to be one of the most famous clockmakers in Europe. He made clocks for both home market and Far Eastern market.
'He was born in Rouen, the son of Balthazar Martinot I (1610–1697), Gouverneur du Gros Horloge at Rouen. His brothers, Claude (1637-after 1697), Etienne (1639–1702) and Gilles (1658–1726) were also clockmakers of repute and in turn Martinot II sired Balthazar-Louis Martinot, who became Ecuyer, Valet de la Garde-Robe du Roi. Unlike his father, Balthazar Martinot worked in Paris from circa 1660, where he was established at rue Galande in 1683 and Quai des Orfèvres in 1697. He retired to Saint-Germain-en-Laye in 1710, where he died a few years later. His talent aroused important patronage and gained great prestige. In 1665 he succeeded his father-in-law, Pierre Belon, as Valet de Chambre-Horloger Ordinaire de la Reine, Anne of Austria. He was later appointed Horloger Ordinaire du Conseil du Roi. Garde-Visiteur, 1678–79 and 1693-95. He was patronized by the most influential members of society including Louis XIV, the Grand Dauphin, the Ducs d’Aumont and de La Trémoille, the Prince de Rohan, the Marquis d’Argenson, the Comtesse de Polignac, the Cardinal de Gesvres, the Présidents du Harlay, de Lamoignon, de Maison and many others. He also sold several clocks to the King of Siam in 1685 and supplied a number to Constantinople. An inventory of 1700 revealed that he held the largest stock of clocks in Paris, while five years previously he had organized a significant lottery in association with his colleague, Nicholas Gribelin.
His clocks were not only of the very finest quality but were also housed in exceptionally beautiful cases; notably those made by Jean-Michel Ziegler and André-Charles Boulle. His works are now installed in some of the world’s finest collections including the Musée du Louvre, Musée de Cluny and Musée National des Techniques, Paris; the Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Lyons; Musée de Saint-Pierre; Musée de Pau and Château de Champs; the Museum der Zeitmessung Beyer, Zurich; Musée d’Horlogerie de La Chaux-de-Fonds; the Mathematisch-Physikalischer Salon, Dresden; the Victoria and Albert Museum, London and the Museum of Art, Cleveland, Ohio.'


Larusmiani

Larusmiani is an Italian luxury clothing and high-end textile brand established in 1922.
Background.
Larusmiani was founded in 1922 by Guglielmo Miani, a tailor catering to local artists and Italian actors. He opened his first store in 1929. He was the first person to import vicuña to Italy.
His son joined the shop at the age of 14, and developed a textile collection which he commercialized to French and Italian tailors.
In 1965, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh visited a Larusmiani store in Milan, the company being the largest importer of British textiles in Italy. In 1970, Guglielmo Miani was entitled Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire.
The Larusmiani Concept Boutique has been located in Milan on Via Montenapoleone since 1954.
In 2007, Guglielmo Miani, grandson of the founder, was named CEO of Larusmiani. In November 2013, Larusmiani acquired the high-end men's grooming brand G. Lorenzi to give it a second breath within the Via Montenapoleone store.
Description.
Larusmiani hires 40 master tailors, and produces and distributes more than 2 million metres of fabric a year, created using cotton, wool, cashmere and linen fibres.
Its logo is the "larus", which is Latin for "seagull".
Larusmiani shows its collections at Milan Fashion Week. Some Larusmiani-branded products are distributed by J.Crew.


Dean Guitars

Dean Guitars, commonly referred to simply as Dean, is an American importer and maker of stringed instruments and musical products with its headquarters in Tampa, Florida.
Its products include solid-body electric guitars, bass guitars, and acoustic guitars. The company also distributes resonators, basses, banjos, mandolins, ukuleles, amplifiers, guitar cases, accessories, and custom guitar pickups.
The company was founded in Chicago, Illinois, in 1976 by Dean Zelinsky, but came to prominence under Elliott Rubinson in 1997 after his company, Armadillo Enterprises, purchased the Dean trade name.
History.
Dean Guitars started in 1976 and made instruments used by bands such as Heart, Kansas, The Cars, Molly Hatchet, Triumph and ZZ Top.
With the advent of the Superstrat and grunge music, Dean Zelinsky sold the business to Oscar Medeiros of Tropical Music, who gained ownership of the brand from 1986, and until 1995 focused on selling to Latin bands overseas. The company had all but disappeared from the American market at that point.
Armadillo Enterprises, under the leadership of Elliott Rubinson, then purchased the Dean trade name in 1997. Rubinson, a musician who toured as a bass player for the Michael Schenker Group, Uli Jon Roth and Michael Angelo Batio expanded Dean's products to include acoustic, electric and bass guitars; mandolins, banjos and ukuleles with prices from less than $99 to more than $13,000. Rubinson had previously built Thoroughbred Music, a music retail store, music supply, and music clinic. Rubinson sold Thoroughbred to Sam Ash Music in 1999 so he could focus on Dean.
After getting a number of endorser-user guitarists (including Dimebag Darrell, Michael Angelo Batio, Michael Schenker, Leslie West, Dave Mustaine, Michael Amott, and Jacky Vincent), Dean Guitars' popularity increased. Under Armadillo Enterprises the company outgrew its Clearwater site and moved to a larger building that includes a custom guitar shop. Today the company also assembles guitar pickups and guitar parts.
In December 2016, Elliott Rubinson's son, Evan Rubinson, assumed the position of President and CEO at Armadillo Enterprises (which includes Dean Guitars, Luna Guitars, and ddrum).
In February 2017, Elliott "Dean" Rubinson died from cancer. Richard Ash, CEO of Sam Ash Music Stores, said, "Elliott was a true genius. He would have been successful in any business but he went with his passion for music and built his business around it... He was truly one of my heroes. RIP Elliott Rubinson."
Instruments.
Dean has the line of electric guitars that includes the ML, V, Z, Cadillac, Splittail, Soltero, EVO, Icon, Custom Zone, Vendetta and Deceiver models.
Dean also has many signature electric guitar models. The company offers a number of Dimebag Darrell models.
The company has also worked closely with Dave Mustaine of Megadeth on a line of guitars. These cost from around $300 for imports to over $6000 for USA-built instruments. The Dean USA Dave Mustaine Signature VMNT Holy Grail electric guitar, a more recent incarnation of the V introduced in 2016, is an example of the brand.
Dean also makes signature models for Bret Michaels, Michael Schenker, Leslie West, Michael Angelo Batio, Michael Amott, Rusty Cooley, and other artists.
The company's bass guitar models include the ML, V, Z, Cadillac, Edge, Metal Man / Demonator, Hillsboro, Entwistle, EVO, Razorback, and Custom Zone. Dean also imports and markets other string instruments such as resonator guitars, mandolins and banjos.
In 2017, Dean unveiled several new musical instruments to commemorate the company's 40th anniversary.
In 2018, the company formed a partnership between Dean USA Custom Shop and Angel's Envy Bourbon to produce the Dean Envy Series guitars made from whiskey cask barrels.
In November of 2019, Kerry King, guitarist of Slayer, joined Dean Guitars, and in 2020 they made 2 models: limited edition and standard version
Affiliated companies.
Armadillo Enterprises, the parent company of Dean Guitars, also owns Luna Guitars and ddrum.


Minister of Public Works and Transport (Hungary)

The Minister of Public Works and Transport of Hungary () was a member of the Hungarian cabinet from 1848 until 1889, when the ministry was merged into the Ministry of Trade. The last minister was Gábor Baross.
This page is a list of Ministers of Public Works and Transport of Hungary.
Ministers of Public Works and Transport (1848–1889).
Hungarian Kingdom (1848–1849).
Parties
Hungarian State (1849).
Parties
"After the collapse of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, the Hungarian Kingdom became an integral part of the Austrian Empire until 1867, when dual Austro-Hungarian Monarchy was created".
Hungarian Kingdom (1867–1889).
Parties


Pasir Ris East MRT station

Pasir Ris East MRT station is a future underground Mass Rapid Transit station on the Cross Island MRT line located in Pasir Ris, Singapore. It is to be located between Pasir Ris East Community Club and Loyang Point Centre.
History.
On 25 January 2019, LTA announced that Pasir Ris East station would be part of the proposed Cross Island line (CRL). The station will be constructed as part of Phase 1, consisting of 12 stations between Aviation Park and Bright Hill, and is expected to be completed in 2030.

Initially expected to open in 2029, the restrictions on the construction due to the COVID-19 pandemic has led to delays in the CRL line completion, and the date was pushed to 2030.


Shiloh Road station

The Shiloh Road Station is a future station located in Plano, Texas on the proposed Dallas Area Rapid Transit Silver Line. It is located near the Southwest corner of 14th Street and Shiloh Road. The City of Plano bought land for the future station, if the line is built. The line is under construction and is scheduled to open in 2023. It will be the eastern terminal for the commuter line, unless the towns of Murphy, Texas and Wylie, Texas become member cities and allow for expansion.


Bird Woman Falls

Bird Woman Falls is a waterfall located immediately west of the continental divide in Glacier National Park, Montana, United States. The falls are readily visible from a distance of two miles (3.2 km) along the Going-to-the-Sun Road, which bisects the park east to west. The falls are fed by snowfields and a remnant glacier located on the north and west flanks of Mount Oberlin. The falls flow is greatest in late spring and early summer and has been known to almost cease flowing in the autumn.