Bon Levi

Bon Levi (born 1943) is an Australian confidence trickster. Before he changed his name, he was Ronald Frederick. He is also known as Ron the Con, Roddy Farrow, Ron Heelan, Brett Wyatt, Ronald White and John McCorry.
His businesses have included Quik Holdings Pty Ltd, Quik Power Ltd, Bon Levi Designer Merchandising, Auction Wholesalers, Randy Man Life 02, Sprintline, Bon Levi Cosmetics, Crazy Joe Tire and Mechanical, Eagle Trailers, Fredericks Taskmaster, Target Magazine, Dial-A-Chicken Australia, MGM Model Management and Talent Scout, Jupiters Mechanical, Gold Coast Cameras Pty Ltd, Midas Photographics, Midas Photographics USA Inc.
Bon Levi has more than 50 convictions for fraud, stealing, breaking and entering, aggravated assault, unlawful common assault and false pretences. He offers his clients a stake in franchise businesses typically for tens of thousands of dollars. His enterprises have included light trailer manufacturing, escort agencies, auto wreckers, transport companies, crash repairers, catering companies, and disposable camera suppliers.
Bon Levi left Australia and entered the United States around 1997 and set up offices across the country. According to an FBI affidavit, Levi established two businesses in the US: Midas Photographic's USA Inc, a disposable camera franchise operation. Levi had 50 commissioned employees, a headquarters in Florida, and branch offices in Las Vegas; Chicago; Clear Water; Bloomington; Ann Arbor, Michigan; Dallas; Cincinnati; and Denver staffed with employees trying to sell his camera franchises.
In later court proceedings, the FBI alleged that 50 licensees paid between $30,000 and $68,000 and were promised income of between $500 and $2000 per week to run franchises for these businesses. The FBI said it had uncovered over $1 million of deposits in an account controlled by Levi at a St Louis bank.
After spending 37 months in jail in the United States, Levi returned to Australia and resumed his franchise operations. In the early 2000s he promoted franchises under the Little Joe and Joey's brand names. He later moved back to his original home state of Western Australia and has been named as a figure behind massage businesses in Perth. Legal action was launched against Bon Levi and his partner Colin Burton for allegedly misleading advertising in respect of employment and breaches of business registration laws. His trial is due to start on 1 September 2010. On 1 September 2010, Levi pleaded guilty in the Magistrates Court of Western Australia to charges of misleading employees and operating under unregistered business names, and was fined AUD17,000.


Tunis Agenda for the Information Society

The Tunis Agenda for the Information Society was a consensus statement of the World Summit on the Information Society, adopted on November 18, 2005 in Tunis, Tunisia. It called for the creation of the Internet Governance Forum and a novel, lightweight, multistakeholder governance structure for the Internet.


Tim Blackwell (broadcaster)

Timothy Blackwell (born 10 August 1981) is an Australian radio broadcaster living in Sydney. Blackwell is currently part of Nova FM's national drive show, "Kate, Tim & Joel" with Kate Ritchie and Joel Creasey.
Early life.
Blackwell grew up in Hobart, Australia. He then moved to Washington DC at the age of thirteen with his mother and step-father before returning to Hobart in his late teens.
Career.
Blackwell's first job in radio at Nova was in 2001, where he joined Nova 100 as Melbourne's late night announcer. In 2002 he moved to Perth to host Nova 93.7’s local drive show and was the first voice heard on air when the station launched with a Red Hot Chili Peppers interview.
From 2006 to 2008, Blackwell worked on Nova 100’s "Hughesy & Kate'"s Melbourne breakfast show as an anchor, before teaming up with Hayley Pearson to host the night show, Launchpad. In 2009, he was a co-host alongside Meshel Laurie on Nova 106.9’s Brisbane breakfast show, and from 2010, Marty Sheargold joined the team to become Meshel, Tim & Marty. In 2011 they became the Nova Network’s national drive team replacing "Fitzy & Wippa". After Meshel Laurie departed in 2014, Kate Ritchie joined the drive show which became known as "Kate, Tim and Marty".
Blackwell regularly appears on Network Ten’s "The Project", Nine Nine’s "Today Extra" and "Getaway", and as a passionate AFL supporter, Tim is also involved in the Hawthorn Football Club.


Scenicland FM

Scenicland FM was a New Zealand radio station broadcasting on the West Coast of the South Island.
The station was started by the New Zealand Broadcasting Corporation (which later became Radio New Zealand) in 1968 as Radio Scenicland. Radio Scenicland originally transmitted on three AM frequencies from Radio House on Mackay Street, Greymouth; original callsigns are in brackets.
Radio Scenicland moved to FM to improve coverage on the Coast in November 1992 and after the move became Scenicland FM. As a result of the move to FM, the station relinquished the two AM frequencies of 747 AM & 1521 AM. The relinquishment of the 747 AM frequency, in particular, was due to poor signal coverage and poor soil quality at the Kumara AM transmitter site. The station initially transmitted in an FM mono signal until the feed was upgraded to stereo in late 1996 with further enhancements to the quality of the stereo signal in late 2000. The 1287 AM signal in Westport continued to transmit the Scenicland FM feed due to FM coverage issues along the Coast Road, until late 2007 when the transmitter was changed to Newstalk ZB.
In July 1996 the New Zealand Government sold off the commercial arm of Radio New Zealand, the sale included Scenicland FM. The new owner was The Radio Network, a subsidiary of APN News & Media and Clear Channel Communications, which operated as a division of the Australian Radio Network.
In 1998 The Radio Network grouped all their local stations in smaller markets together to form the Community Radio Network. Scenicland FM continued to run a local breakfast show between 6am and 10am but outside breakfast all stations part of the Community Radio Network took network programming from a central studio based in Taupo.
In 2001 the Community Radio Network was discontinued and all stations become part of the Classic Hits FM network, as a result Scenicland FM was rebranded as Classic Hits Scenicland FM. The station continued to run a local breakfast but now outside breakfast all programming originated from the Classic Hits studios in Auckland.
On April 28, 2014 all stations part of the Classic Hits network were rebranded as The Hits. A networked breakfast presented by Pauline Gillespie and Grant Kereama was introduced to almost all The Hits stations. A local show between 9am and 3pm was then introduced and presented by Andy Mack. Following his departure, Israel Bai took over the local show. With Polly and Grant leaving The Hits in 2017 all South Island stations reverted to local breakfast programming. Currently there is no local programming on the station and it is entirely networked.
Today the station now known as The Hits West Coast can be heard on the following frequencies.


Livedoor

 was a Japanese company that functioned as an Internet service provider and operator of a web portal and blog platform before being brought down by a scandal in 2006. The company was founded and led in its first 10 years by Takafumi Horie, known as "Horiemon" in Japan. Livedoor grew into one of Japan's premier Internet businesses, putting over 1,000 employees on its payroll at its peak. Its reliance on acquisitions and stock swap mergers to achieve growth also made it one of the country's most controversial enterprises. Its growth came to a resounding halt when scandal erupted in early 2006. An investigation of securities law violations led to a nosedive in the company's stock price. The Tokyo Stock Exchange delisted Livedoor on April 14, 2006. The floundering company's properties were purchased by South Korea-based NHN Corp in 2010.
Today the ISP and blog services that bear the Livedoor name are operated by Line Corporation, developers of Line messaging services and the Naver Japan search portal. Line Corporation, based in Japan, was spun off from NHN Japan, an arm of its Korean parent, in February 2013.
History.
Origins and growth.
Livedoor began in 1995 as Livin' on the Edge, a startup company run by Horie and a group of college friends and was officially founded as Livin' On the EDGE Inc. in April 1996, in Minato, Tokyo. In 1997, it was renamed Livin' On the EDGE Co., Ltd. Though initially a limited company (yugen kaisha), Livin' On the Edge was reorganized into a joint-stock company ("kabushiki kaisha") in July 1997 and within only 3 years, went public on the Tokyo Stock Exchange's Mothers market in April 2000. In November 2002, Livin' on the Edge acquired the free Internet services business of Livedoor Corp., which had gone bankrupt. Livin' On the Edge changed its name to Edge Co., Ltd. in April 2003, then adopted the name of the ISP business it had acquired from Livedoor Corp., by renaming itself livedoor Co. Ltd. (Livedoor), in February 2004. This was followed by a 1:100 stock split.
In March 2004, during the 2004 Nippon Professional Baseball realignment, Livedoor moved to acquire the Kintetsu Buffaloes, a Japanese baseball team, but later withdrew its offer and, in September 2004, founded its own team (named "livedoor baseball") and applied for admittance to Japan's professional baseball organization. The team's home ground was to be in Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, but livedoor lost the competition to be the city's home team to Rakuten, a Japanese e-commerce company.
Livedoor acquisitions in the U.S. included MailCreations in Miami, Florida, in June 2004, which functioned as the company's U.S. headquarters. Livedoor entered search and contextual advertising spaces in America in November 2005.
A scandal involving securities law violations led the Tokyo Stock Exchange to delist Livedoor on April 14, 2006.
Allegations.
The case broke on January 16, 2006, when Tokyo prosecutors raided several Livedoor locations, Horie's home, and the homes of other Livedoor and subsidiary executives on suspicions of securities fraud. The raids spooked investors and sent shares plunging on January 17 and 18 as a widening criminal investigation sparked panic selling on the Tokyo Stock Exchange. Some brokers announced they would no longer allow use of the issue for margin trading. Volume was so heavy that it threatened to overload the TSE's computer system, prompting a halt in trading for the entire market—a breaking record and the first time this has ever occurred. The TSE ordered Livedoor to provide a formal response to the allegations. When the company filed a hasty report after a quick internal investigation, the TSE told executives to provide a more detailed report and threatened to delist Livedoor if allegations of improper activities proved valid.
On January 18, 2006, Hideaki Noguchi, an executive of H.S. Securities, a firm raided by prosecutors earlier in the week in connection with Livedoor, was found dead in an Okinawa hotel room in what the authorities labeled a suicide.
The authorities called in several Livedoor and subsidiary executives for questioning over several days, and Horie himself on January 23. After several hours of questioning Horie, investigators felt they had learned enough to press charges and petitioned for four arrest warrants, which were granted. Horie, Livedoor's chief financial officer, and the presidents of two subsidiaries were arrested mid-evening for securities and accounting fraud. They were held for two months without bail, and during this time, Livedoor's temporary Representative Director Fumito Kumagai was also arrested.
Japan's Securities Commission filed a criminal complaint against the five arrested ex-executives of the company on March 13, 2006. Founder Horie was sentenced to 2.5 years in jail on March 16, 2007. Others were given various jail sentences four days later but appealed.
Aftermath.
After losing 90% of its stock price in four months and strong evidence of securities fraud, Livedoor was delisted from the Tokyo Stock Exchange on April 14, 2006.
Fuji Television sued the company for ¥35 billion in damages in March 2007; 1,000 individual investors filed a class-action suit in May 2006, eventually rising to 3,340 asking for ¥23 billion, which resulted in a final ruling of ¥7.6 billion against Livedoor, and other similar suits resulted at least one judgment of ¥4.9 billion. Livedoor in turn sued its own executives, with founder Horie settling for ¥21 billion and six others settling for a total of ¥760 million.
Information obtained during the investigation led to the arrest and conviction of fund manager Yoshiaki Murakami for using inside information to profit off of a stake Livedoor purchased in Nippon Broadcasting System in 2005.
Horie published an autobiography during his appeals, "Complete Resistance", in which he proclaims his innocence and states that he was being targeted only due to his infamy, not the actual nature or severity of any crimes.
The veracity of the suspicions aside, many smelled conspiracy given the timing of the action. It was seen as a political move by defenders of the status quo to punish Horie for daring to challenge them, and to discredit him and the business practices he had come to represent, which Horie's opponents considered distasteful and "un-Japanese."
In order to prevent a recurrence of the scandal, Japan passed a law similar to Sarbanes–Oxley, nicknamed J-SOX, on June 14, 2006.
Livedoor Holdings.
In 2007, the company spun off to create a new subsidiary that retained the name of "Livedoor" and most of its portal-related businesses and itself became a pure holding company named "Livedoor Holdings" that oversaw the legal and financial management of its subsidiaries (reportedly 44 subsidiaries as of the end of 2005) including the new Livedoor. In 2008, Livedoor Holdings changed its name to "LDH Corporation."
Sale.
During the upheaval in 2006 and 2007 rumors spread that Livedoor was preparing a $2 billion initial public offering in 2008. Several technology companies expressed interest in participating but the IPO never materialized. Livedoor instead put itself up for sale. In early 2010 South Korea-based NHN Corporation bought Livedoor for a reported ¥6.3 billion.
Products and services bearing the Livedoor name today are owned and operated by Line Corporation, a Japan-based Internet company spun off from NHN Japan in February 2013.
Liquidation.
After completing the sale of Livedoor and other subsidiaries and paying dividends to its shareholders, entered into voluntary liquidation by the shareholders' resolution in August 2011 and completed liquidation in December 2012 after distributing residual assets to its shareholders.
Offices.
The headquarters of the original Livedoor company were located in the in Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku, Tokyo. Additional corporate offices were located on the 38th floor of the Roppongi Hills Mori Tower at 10-1, Roppongi 6-chome, Minato, Tokyo, 106-6138, Japan.


Coat of arms of Aberdeen

The coat of arms of Aberdeen consists of three towers within a border decorated with fleurs-de-lis. This design is known to have been used on city seals from the 15th century onwards, if not earlier.
Arms.
The three towers represent the three buildings that stood on the three hills of mediaeval Aberdeen: Aberdeen Castle on Castle Hill, the city gate on Port Hill, and a chapel on St Catherine's Hill. The latter two are no longer in existence, and St Catherine's Hill has in fact been levelled.
Conversely the image of a single tower, rather than the triple, is often used in the city. Notably they can be seen in the arms of Aberdeen Grammar School, Robert Gordons College, Robert Gordon University and the University of Aberdeen.
The border of fleurs-de-lis, or "royal tressure" as it is described in heraldry, derives from the royal arms of Scotland, and was traditionally said to have been granted to the city by Robert the Bruce as a mark of royal favour, but may only date from the reign of James I.
In 1672, the Parliament of Scotland passed an act requiring all persons or bodies using arms to record them in a register maintained by Lord Lyon King of Arms. Accordingly, the arms of the "Royall Burgh of Aberdein" were recorded in the Lyon Register on February 25, 1674. The blazon was given as: "gules, three towers triple-towered within a double-tressure counterflowered argent. Supported by two leopards proper; and in an escrol above "Bon Accord""
A second shield was also recorded, based on the city's counterseal. This consisted of a temple, with St Nicholas standing in the doorway praying over a cauldron of boiling children. This was blazoned: "azure, a temple argent, St Nicholas standing in the porch, mitred and vested proper, with his dexter hand lifted up to heaven praying over three children in a boiling cauldron of the first, and holding in the sinister a crosier or."
These arms originated from an old legend surrounding St Nicholas, who is the city's patron saint due to his association with mariners. According to the legend, Nicholas had been travelling through his diocese, when he lodged for the night in a house on the wayside. Unbeknownst to Nicholas, his host was a cannibal, and had secretly been kidnapping local children for meat. When Nicholas's plate was placed before him, he immediately recognised the meat for what it was. Going over to the cauldron, he made the sign of the Cross, and the children were then restored to life.
Due to local government reorganisation, the arms have been regranted twice: in 1976 to the City of Aberdeen District Council, and in 1996 to Aberdeen City Council. As such, the arms are today the corporate property of the City Council.
No crest has ever accompanied the arms, but they may be displayed with a mural coronet, in right of Aberdeen's city status. Prior to the formation of the current council in 1996, a district council's coronet was used, representing Aberdeen's status as a district. This was made of gold, and was decorated with spikes and sheaves of wheat.
Supporters.
The supporters are two leopards, though in early depictions they are sometimes shown as lions. According to legend, the beasts were granted by James I as a gesture of thanks to the burgh for underwriting his expenses while he was held captive in England. The city's local magazine is called the "Leopard" and when Union Bridge was constructed in the 19th century small statues of leopards in a sitting position were cast and placed along its railing tops.
There has been some controversy over whether the leopards ought to be represented in profile or with their faces towards the viewer. The former is nowadays more common, in accordance with the 1674 blazon.
Motto.
The motto of the city is "Bon Accord", French for "Good Agreement". Legend tells that its use dates from the Wars of Scottish Independence in the 14th century, when Robert the Bruce and his men laid siege to Aberdeen Castle, before destroying it in 1308 and massacring the English Garrison, retaking Aberdeen for the townspeople. "Bon Accord" was the secret password used during the campaign.
The city's official toast is "Happy to meet, sorry to part, happy to meet again - Bon Accord!", which incorporates words from the Masonic poem "The Final Toast".
The town of Bon Accord in the Canadian province of Alberta takes its name from the motto.


Only from the mind of Minolta


Telis Mistakidis

Aristotelis Mistakidis (born 1962) is a Swiss-based Greek metals trader who became a billionaire working for Glencore. He has joint Greek/British citizenship.
Early life.
Aristotelis Mistakidis was born in Rome, Italy, where his marine biologist father worked for the United Nations. He was educated at the London School of Economics.
Career.
Mistakidis worked for six years trading in non-ferrous metals for Cargill. In 1993, he joined Marc Rich & Co in 1993, shortly before there was a management buyout and it was renamed Glencore. He worked in the zinc, copper and lead department, rising to become a co-director in 2000. He became a billionaire with the May 2011 Glencore IPO. He owned 3% stake of Glencore.
Mistakidis is a director of Mopani Copper Mines Limited, Portovesme SRL, and SA, and a non-executive director of Katanga Mining and Xstrata plc.
In December 2018, Mistakidis retired as Glencore's head of copper marketing.
Personal life.
Mistakidis is married, with one child, and lives in Zug, Switzerland.


Ron Arnold

Ron Arnold (born August 8, 1937) is an American writer and activist. He has been the Executive Vice-President of the Center for the Defense of Free Enterprise since 1984. He writes frequently on natural resource issues and is an opponent of the environmental movement. Critics see Arnold as promoting abuse of the environment, typified in an assessment by Wild Wilderness executive director Scott Silver: "Fifteen years after creating his 25 Point Wise-Use Agenda, an agenda prescribing unrestrained, unregulated and unconscionable abuse of the American commons, Ron Arnold is within striking distance of checking off every agenda item on his list." A key U.S. Senate staffer writing in 2011 noted his impact on federal legislation.
Biography.
Arnold was born in Houston, Texas and studied business administration at the University of Texas at Austin and the University of Washington.
Career.
Arnold worked as a technical writer for the Boeing Company from 1961 until he left in 1971 to found Northwoods Studio. In 1974 he began contributing to "Western Conservation Journal", which exposed him to the effects of litigation related to environmental issues upon logging and mining industries. Between 1978 and 1981, Arnold was a contributing editor of "Logging Management Journal". His 1979 magazine series, "The Environmental Battle", analyzed the utilization / preservation conflict, and won the American Business Press 1980 Editorial Achievement Award.
In 1981, Arnold wrote the authorized biography of Interior Secretary James G. Watt. Between 1982 and 1990, he wrote a weekly column for the Bellevue (Washington) Journal-American. In 1987, he founded the Free Enterprise Press, later merged into Merril Press, and began writing a series of books on the environmental movement. His "EcoTerror" was included in the "100 Best Nonfiction Books of the 20th Century" Random House / Modern Library Reader's List.
Arnold also uncovered the identity of the actual founder of the United States National Forest after a century of mystery shrouded the origin in conflicting claims. An almost forgotten politician named William S. Holman created the concept and the initial legislation, as revealed in documents Arnold discovered in the National Archives. He was invited to present his findings at the centennial symposium of the United States Forest Service in 1991.
Environmentalists have challenged Arnold's “Wise Use Movement,” launched at a Reno, Nevada conference in 1988, as inappropriately co-opting the term from utilitarian conservationist and first Chief of the U.S. Forest Service, Gifford Pinchot, who held different views on man and nature than Arnold and his movement. Arnold readily admits the borrowing, but disputes arguments that it is improper, a controversy that continues unresolved.
He has mobilized political allies to protests, as covered by ABC News Nightline (broadcast February 24, 1994) by using case histories of environmentalist excesses in influencing policymakers to adopt his ideas. Certain policies of President George W. Bush]] have been attributed to Arnold's influence. Playboy magazine's May 2004 issue featured a profile of Arnold in the Playboy Forum, by reporter Dean Kuypers. Titled, "Guru of Wise Use," its headline read: "The spiritual father of the Bush administration's environmental policies says we shouldn't be timid about timber."
Arnold has built a network of academic colleagues to help analyze large-scale social movements, and told the Boston Globe that environmentalism is "the third great wave of messianism to hit the planet, after Christianity and Marxism-Leninism." The Globe commented, "'Wise users' charge that the environmental crisis has been largely trumped up as an excuse to take control of the nation's natural resources."
Arnold's conclusion that movements of social change, including environmentalism, are fundamentally a kind of war was examined and found valid by sociologist Luther P. Gerlach in the RAND research document, "Networks and Netwars."
Arnold runs the Left Tracking Library, a site that tracks what it claims to be undue influence by left-wing politicians and environmentalists.
In late 2010, Arnold began writing a weekly column for The Washington Examiner; one was placed in the Congressional Record in early 2011. Another was used as source material by Sen. John Barrasso (R-WY) in a Senate confirmation hearing in December 2013.


Why Man Creates

Why Man Creates is a 1968 animated short documentary film that discusses the nature of creativity. It was written by Saul Bass and Mayo Simon, and directed by Saul Bass. It won the Oscar for Best Documentary Short Subject. An abbreviated version of it ran on the first broadcast of CBS' "60 Minutes" on September 24, 1968.
"Why Man Creates" focuses on the creative process and the different approaches taken to that process. It is divided into eight sections: The Edifice, Fooling Around, The Process, Judgment, A Parable, Digression, The Search, and The Mark.
In 2002, the film was selected for the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant."
Summary.
The Edifice begins with early humans hunting. They attempt to conquer their prey with stones, but fail, so they begin to use spears and bait. They kill their prey and it turns into a cave painting, upon which a building begins to be built. Throughout the rest of the section, the camera tracks upward as the edifice grows ever taller.
Early cavemen begin to discover various things such as the lever, the wheel, ladders, agriculture, and fire. It then cuts to clips of early societies and civilizations. It depicts the appearance of the first religions and the advent of organized labor. It then cuts to the Great Pyramids at Giza and depicts the creation of writing.
Soon an army begins to move across the screen chanting, "Bronze", but they are overrun by an army chanting, "Iron". The screen then depicts early cities and civilizations.
This is followed by a black screen with one man in traditional Greek clothing who states, "All was in chaos 'til Euclid arose and made order." Next, various Greek achievements in mathematics are depicted as Greek columns are built, around which Greeks discuss items, including, "What is the good life and how do you lead it?" "Who shall rule the state?" "The Philosopher King." "The aristocrat." "The people." "You mean "all" the people?" "What is the nature of the Good? What is the nature of justice?" "What is happiness?" A man in a bird costume then attempts to fly, a possible reference to Icarus.
The culture of ancient Greece fades into the armies of Rome. The organized armies surround the great Roman architecture as they chant, "Hail Caesar!" A man at a podium states, "Roman law is now in session", and when he bangs his gavel, the architecture collapses. Dark soldiers begin to pop up from the rubble and eventually cover the whole screen with darkness symbolizing the Dark Ages.
The Dark Ages consist of inaudible whisperings and mumblings. At one point, a light clicks on and an Arab mathematician says, "Allah be praised. I've invented the zero." at which point his colleague responds, "What?" and he says "Nothing, nothing." Next come cloistered monks who sing in Gregorian Chant: "What is the shape of the Earth? Flat. What happens when you get to the edge? You fall off. Does the earth move? Never."
Finally the scene brightens and shows a stained glass window. Various scientists open stained glass doors and say things such as, "The Earth moves." "The Earth is round." "The blood circulates." "There are worlds smaller than ours." "There are worlds larger than ours." Each time one opens a door, a large, hairy arm slams the door shut. Finally, the stained glass breaks in the wake of the new enlightenment.
Next, Michelangelo and da Vinci are depicted. The steam engine is invented, and gears and belts begin to cover everything. The light bulb and steam locomotive are created. Darwin is referred to as two men hit each other with their canes arguing whether man is an animal. The telegraph is invented and psychology created. Next, a small creature hops across the screen saying, "I'm a bug, I'm a germ, I'm a bug, I'm a germ... [indrawn breath] Louis Pasteur. I'm not a bug, I'm not a germ..." The musicians Tchaikovsky and Beethoven are depicted. Alfred Nobel invents dynamite.
Next, the cartooning shows the great speeches and documents on government and society from the American Revolution onward with quotes such as, "All men are created equal...", "Life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness", "And the government, by the people...", etc. and ends with "One world."
Finally, the building stops and the Wright brothers' plane lands on top of it. It is quickly covered in more advanced planes, in cars, in televisions, and finally in early computers. At the top is a radioactive atom which envelops a man in smoke. The edifice ends with that man yelling, "Help."
Fooling Around displays a random series of perspectives and the creative ideas which come from them.
The Process displays a man who is making artwork from a series of geometrical figures. Each time he attempts to keep them in place, they move and rearrange themselves, or collapses altogether on the man. He tries many different approaches to the problem. In between, there are three quotations from Thomas Edison, Ernest Hemingway, and Albert Einstein on what one has to do to solve problems. Finally he accepts a working configuration and calls his wife to look at it. She says, "All it needs is an American flag."
Judgment is a series of reactions, presumably to the creation from The Process. It displays their criticisms of it, such as "It represents the decline of Western culture...", and only a very few support it. A cowboy is the human target. A lady (voice veteran June Foray) voices a sound of approval.
A Parable begins at a ping-pong ball factory. Each ball is made in exactly the same way, and machines test them to get rid of anomalies. As the balls are being tested for their bounce levels, one bounces much higher than the rest. It is placed in a chute which leads to a garbage can outside the factory. It proceeds to bounce across town to a park, where it begins to bounce. Quickly, a cluster of ping-pong balls gather around it. It keeps bouncing higher and higher, until it doesn't come back. It concludes with the comment:

"There are some who say he’s coming back and we have only to wait ...

There are some who say he burst up there because balls were not meant to fly ...

And there are some who maintain he landed safely in a place where balls bounce high ..."
Digression is a very short section in which one snail says to another, "Have you ever thought that radical ideas threaten institutions, then become institutions, and in turn reject radical ideas which threaten institutions?" to which the other snail replies "No." and the first says dejectedly, "Gee, for a minute I thought I had something."
The Search shows scientists who have been working for years on projects such as solving world hunger (James F. Bonner), developing a cure for Cancer (Renato Dulbecco), or questioning the origin of the universe (Jesse Greenstein). Then it shows a scientist, who has worked on a project for seven years, which did not work out. He is asked what he will do next, and he replies that he does not know. (Note: each of the scientists shown was working on something which still has not been solved to date, even though each one expected solid results in only a few years. This forwards the concept shown in this session far better than the creators could have known in 1968.)
The Mark asks the question, Why does man create? and determines that man creates to simply state, "I Am." The film ends by displaying "I Am" written in paint on the side of a building.
Production.
Although uncredited, George Lucas, who was studying film at University of Southern California (USC) at the time, was the second unit cameraman on this film. Portions of this film also appear in the Saul Bass pitch video for the Bell System logo redesign.
"Why Man Creates" today.
 the film was distributed by Pyramid Media. They offer English and Spanish versions, DVD and VHS versions, and also offer two differently-priced version (one for an educational/institutional license, and one for a personal-use license). "Why Man Creates" was restored by the Academy Film Archive in 2011.


Losing is fun


Joan LaCour Scott

Joan Patricia LaCour Scott (May 21, 1921 – June 19, 2012) was an American trade union activist and screenwriter, who wrote for "Lassie", "Have Gun – Will Travel", "Surfside 6", "The Waltons", "The Adventures of Robin Hood," and "Lancelot."
Early life.
Joan Patricia LaCour Scott was born in Long Branch, New Jersey on May 21, 1921. Her father left home when she was two and her mother worked as a vaudeville performer to support her family. As young girls, she and her twin sister Jean appeared on the stage as the LaCour Sisters. In 1933, her family decided to move to California, where LaCour's mother hoped for fame for her daughters. Their plan was to travel south and then west. In Atlanta, LaCour's grandfather jumped from a hotel window in a suicide attempt. After his eventual death, the family continued their trip west, which eventually took six months. They arrived in Hollywood in 1934, when she was thirteen. Her mother worked for the Federal Theater Project.
LaCour graduated from Hollywood High in 1937. During World War II, LaCour worked as a secretary in a department of RCA that was developing radar. She married a man she later identified by the pseudonym Bill O'Brien. O'Brien was drafted and Joan worked in a hospital in Salem, Massachusetts for the duration of the war. O'Brien grew abusive and went MIA. When he returned, he was transferred from Boston to New York, but his drinking worsened, he became physically abusive, and she left him and returned to her family in California, eventually obtaining a divorce.
Trade unionism and Communist Party.
Newly single in Hollywood, in 1946 LaCour joined the Hollywood Independent Citizens Committee of the Arts, Sciences, and Professions (HICCASP) controlled by the CPUSA making it the West Coast's largest Communist front. Ronald Reagan, who was providing information to the FBI about fellow actors, joined HICCASP at the same time, part of a broader struggle over the political orientation and future of the organization. HICCASP Executive Director George Pepper encouraged LaCour to join the Communist Party. LaCour claimed that she was a Communist Party member for only six weeks, quitting when she was told she had to choose between the party and her therapist. Other accounts claim that LaCour was kicked out of the Communist Party because she was in therapy with psychologist Phil Cohen, who was known for encouraging clients to inform.
LaCour met future husband Adrian Scott, when she was working as the stage manager of a mass meeting in support of the Hollywood Ten. They married in 1955.
The Blacklist.
With Adrian Scott unemployable because of the blacklist, LaCour began to seek work, initially as his front. She took his work to story conferences, managed revisions, and took notes so that he could rewrite at home. She wrote under a pseudonym, Joanne Court. These were economically difficult years for the couple, although Joan credited them with teaching her how to be a writer.
But in the early 1950s, while she was employed as executive secretary of the Television Writers of America union, a Hollywood columnist wrote an attack piece alleging that Scott was part of a plot to get Communist propaganda into TV scripts. She was blacklisted and called to testify before the House committee investigating subversives in the movie and television industries.
Unlike other blacklisted writers and producers, the Scotts could not seek work in Europe or Mexico. For Joan and Adrian Scott, caring for their mentally ill adopted son meant that relocation to Europe was not possible. As Adrian wrote in a letter to a friend, "The problem [to taking a job in France] was Mike – our Mike. You may remember that he was on his way to being a bona fide delinquent during the period we lived in Hollywood. There were thefts, endless hooky playing, skirmishes with the police and finally a court appearance. In the past two years all this has stopped . . . . By taking him abroad, Joan and I felt convinced that we would undo all the good work that has been done so far.
Producer Hannah Weinstein, who had fled Hollywood when the blacklist began, was hiring blacklisted writers for work with her new production company, Sapphire Films, in England. Adrian wrote a letter to Weinstein, "You will not accuse me of nepotism, I know, if I recommend my wife, Joan, who though new to TV has just cracked through with some excellent scripts."
Over the next few years, the Scotts contributed more than a dozen scripts to Sapphire Productions' "The Adventures of Robin Hood" and "Lancelot".
LaCour died at the age of 91, in Woodland, California, on June 19, 2012.
Papers.
Joan and Adrian Scott's papers can be found at the American Heritage Center in Laramie Wyoming
http://www.uwyo.edu/ahc/


Art Smith (actor)

Arthur Gordon Smith (March 23, 1899 – February 24, 1973) was an American stage, film, and television actor, best known for playing supporting roles in Hollywood productions of the 1940s.
Life and career.
Born in Chicago, he was a member of the Group Theatre and performed in many of their productions, including "Rocket to the Moon", "Awake and Sing!", "Golden Boy" and "Waiting for Lefty", all by Clifford Odets; "House of Connelly" by Paul Green; and Sidney Kingsley's "Men in White." The gray-haired actor usually played studious and dignified types in films, such as doctors or butlers.
Smith appeared in many noirish films, including "Body and Soul" (1947) and "In a Lonely Place" (1950). He had a key role as a federal agent in 1947's "Ride the Pink Horse", starring and directed by Robert Montgomery. Two of these films, "In a Lonely Place" and "Ride a Pink Horse", were based on novels by Dorothy B. Hughes.
Smith was one of the victims of the Hollywood blacklist, which ended most of his film career in 1952. In 1957, he originated the role of Doc in the stage version of "West Side Story." Smith only returned occasionally to the film business, for example in an uncredited part in "The Hustler". He also worked on television before retiring in 1967.
He died, aged 73, in Long Island, New York from a heart attack.


Logo of the BBC

The BBC logo has been a brand identity for the corporation and its work since the 1950s in a variety of designs. Until the introduction of a logo in 1958, the corporation had relied on its coat of arms for official documentation and correspondence, although this crest rarely appeared onscreen. With the increased role of television for the BBC in the 1960s, particularly after the foundation of ITV, the corporation used its logo to increase viewer familiarity and to standardise their image and content. The logo has since been redesigned a number of times, most recently, in 1997 with the BBC blocks, a logo designed to work across media. From 1958, for this television network, there are five different logos. The first logo of network is used from 1958 to 1963, the second logo is used from 1963 to 1971, the third logo is used from 1971 to 1992, the fourth logo is used from 1988 to 1998, and the fifth and current logo is used from 1997.
History.
Before the logo.
Before the BBC introduced its logo itself, in the form of the slanted boxes, the BBC used a variety of different symbols with which to represent itself. In printed media and corporation correspondence, it used the BBC coat of arms, while on screen, it used a different logo type. Originally, it used a stylised BBC text on early equipment, not unlike the caption that accompanied the BBC1 COW globe. This logo was rarely seen on screen, with captions containing the words "BBC Television Service" along with matching clock. In 1932, when the original reception room of the BBC Broadcasting House in London opened, a logo was laid in mosaic on the floor. This logo was merely a stylized entwining of two capital B's, one facing either direction, linked by a C in the centre. This mosaic logo is still visible on the floor today, though the area no longer serves as the BBC's main reception room.
1950s.
In 1953, Abram Games was commissioned to design an on-air image. Nicknamed the 'bat's wings', it consisted of a rounded brass contraption with a tiny spinning globe in its centre, with large wing-like protrusions flanked by lightning bolts on either side. For BBC Scotland, the globe in the centre was replaced by a lion.
The first incarnation of the BBC blocks logo appeared in 1958. It consisted of square boxes with slanted letters, not unlike the first slanted logo seen in the 1960s.
1960s.
In the 1960s, the main BBC logo consisted of slanted boxes with italicised bold lettering. This was introduced soon after the introduction of ITV in 1955. This type of logo would go on captions at the end of productions as well as on cameras and other equipment used by the BBC. They became important when popular BBC programmes and clips from the BBC archives were being sold to be aired on other networks and channels. It was in the early 1960s that the 'bat's wings' logo ceased to be used. It was superseded by the BBC TV logo within a circle, behind which would appear a map of Britain split into broadcast regions. This set the style for a succession of circular images. On 30 September 1963, the BBC's globe logo first appeared. This was a striped line broken in the middle by a globe, with BBC1 in block letters below it. When it appeared, the continuity announcer would say "This is BBC Television." while the globe spun. 1964 saw the creation of BBC1 and BBC2 brands, with the distinctive horizontal stripes across the screen. In April 1964, BBC2 was launched. Its logo was similar to that of BBC1, featuring the distinctive horizontal stripe, but with a large 2 in the centre with the BBC blocks beneath. As part of the publicity campaign for the new channel, artist Desmond Marwood created images of a kangaroo, named Hullabaloo with a baby named Custard in its pouch, to represent the new station. In 1969, when BBC 1 began broadcasting in colour, it introduced the 'mirror globe' logo. This logo show a rotating blue globe superimposed over a flat globe, as on a map. Below the globes there is a line and the words BBC1 COLOUR. The word 'colour' was included to remind viewers still watching in black and white to purchase a colour TV set.
1970s.
In 1971, a new softer logo was made, rounding off the boxes and making the spaces between the boxes larger. This logo was used on BBC merchandise, as well as the BBC1 idents and the BBC2 clock. More now than ever, merchandise was being branded with the logo, as more productions were being sold via the BBC's American identity, Lionheart Television. Also, records and videos were now starting to be produced and a corporate identity was getting more and more essential to ensuring that the audience knew it was authentic and that the quality programmes they were watching could be attributed to the BBC. The mirror globe began using a more ornate font in 1972. From the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s, the BBC1 channel logo used several different fonts, but with each change the logo remained blue. At this time, BBC logos were mechanical models filmed by black-and-white cameras. Colour was added afterwards, electronically, rendering it simple to change the colour as needed. In 1967, BBC2 introduced a logo featuring a blue 2 with a dot in the curve of the 2 and the word COLOUR underneath. In 1979, BBC2 debuted the first-ever computer-generated logo, a 2 flanked by a double line on the side. The symbols appeared on a black background, then disappeared. This logo remained in use until 1992.
1980s.
In May 1988, the BBC produced yet another new logo. Since the last one was made, a consumer brand was becoming part of nearly every TV station and corporation at the time (and, at ITV, had been so for many years). The BBC needed a strong and unified identity, and a change of said identity was key. Michael Peters was hired to design this all-inclusive BBC identity for the corporation. They modified the then-current logo by sharpening up the parallelogram edges again and set them to an angle of 17 degrees without reducing the size of the spaces between the boxes. They also sharpened up the text to make it match the clarity of the logo itself. The typeface used was Helvetica Neue. Also, under-logo lines were added to the logo for the first time. These lines were coloured blue, red, green to reflect the three phosphors of colour television. These appeared on the BBC national-region identities from the identities's debut in 1988 and its gradual television debut over the period 1989, 1990 and 1991.
Previously, in 1986, the electronically generated BBC2 logo was updated. The number 2 was replaced with the word TWO. The letters were white, 3D letters on a white background with red striping on the T as well as green and blue striping on the W. The word TWO appeared and faded on the white background.
The rebrands of both BBC1 and BBC2 in February 1991 were also based on the then-current BBC corporate identity, when these two channels were given a total corporate look, unlike previous ways of branding the channels. BBC Radio Clwyd continued to use this logo until the station was closed in August 1998 and the logo continued as an in-credit logo.
1990s.
In the mid-1990s, when employed to rebrand BBC1, Martin Lambie-Nairn suggested that he look into the current logo choice and see what he could do, given that, the BBC at the time was also looking into the BBC brand as a whole. What he noticed, was that the BBC had a system that meant that every service or department had a different logo scheme. It had a BBC logo and the name with character. Lambie-Nairn decided to address this when he took on the project, as with all these logos, the core brand itself was severely weakened. It was also appropriate to look at the way the BBC was branded, as the BBC was about to take off in digital television and the internet, among other different ventures. After seeing a number of problems with the then-current logo, he decided that a new logo was necessary. The logo was technically unsuitable on-screen. When shrunk, it lost the lines underneath and the counters (the sections in the Bs) and also, when in colour on a colour photo, it again disappeared or parts vanished. Also, on a TV or computer, diagonals are difficult to work with as the logos pixelate, and anti-aliasing is required to make the logo work. The previous logo also followed the idea of the slanted boxes, and related the BBC back to the very first logo in the 1950s and 1960s, which was not what the corporation wanted at that time. Technically, the logo never looked comfortable next to the brand and straight letters. Finally, it was expensive to print as stationery would always have four-colour letterheads, and alongside other BBC brands could mean anything up to ten-colour letterheads and stationery.
Lambie-Nairn's solution is the BBC logo that has been used on-screen since 4 October 1997. By straightening up the boxes and letters, it removed all the problems associated with diagonals and those associated with disappearing lines. This kept the boxes' shape, so that it would still be familiar with what people know about the BBC. The typeface used is Gill Sans, made by Eric Gill. It was chosen because, it was elegant, robust and has a timeless appeal: the typeface had been created 60 years before and so avoided the typeface looking outdated at a later date. This typeface also eliminated the disappearing counters issue, as the counters of the Bs were much larger. Appropriately, some of Gill's statues adorn the exterior of Broadcasting House. The logo was also designed so that anything could be added after the BBC logo, be it department, corporate, brand, TV, radio, etc. Also, by using this system, everything looked like it came from the same organisation, and it was also easy to add new logos. This system also only used black and white letterheads, meaning a big cost saving to the BBC and the licence fee payer.
The only visible issue with the system, was that the logo for the BBC television and radio brands did not reflect their genre or appeal to the tastes of their target audiences. Lambie-Nairn proposed to show this as personality in the idents themselves, and evidence of this can be seen in the idents for BBC One made just after the logo was introduced. The BBC One balloons were made using the new logo, with the personality device in the balloons. The BBC Two idents, the 2s remained the same but with the new logo added underneath.
2000s and 2010s.
In 2002, the BBC One balloon idents were discontinued, as was the globe. The BBC Two idents that were in use since 1991 had been discontinued shortly before. BBC One's idents were replaced with 'Rhythm & Movement', with dancers from different cultures dancing to various musical styles, with BBC Two replacing their idents with the 'Personality' idents; the same '2' number, in a yellow background and given a 'personality'. In 2006, BBC One Channel Controller Peter Fincham introduced a new series of diverse channel idents, the 'Circle' idents as they became known, involved circles being formed by nature or people and their actions. These lasted for a little over a decade. BBC Two introduced 'Window on the World' idents the following year, which lasted until late 2014 when they were replaced with the revived 1991 set.
In 2017, the BBC One Circle idents were replaced by idents under the theme of "Oneness", including a dance class and a group of swimmers. These idents have been criticised for lacking in creativity. In 2018, the revived 1991 set of the BBC Two idents were replaced by the 'Curve' idents.
2020s.
The current central logo of the BBC is still the BBC Blocks. It is the longest-used logo by the BBC, and as of 12 November 2020, it has been in use for 23 years.
Two new BBC services – BBC Select (a North American streaming service) and BBC Kids (for Australian Fetch TV) – were launched in 2021 with updated BBC logos.


Cidade Limpa

Lei Cidade Limpa (Portuguese for "clean city law") is a law of the city of São Paulo, Brazil promulgated in 2006 that prohibits advertising such as that of outdoor posters. It was proposed by mayor Gilberto Kassab.
15,000 billboards were taken down. Large support from the public was shown for the initiative, in face of private marketing campaigns by certain advertisers for the people to oppose the bans. Following the removal of advertisements, many remarked that they felt like they were in a new city. At the same time, the law created some unexpected social observations.
Vinicius Valvao, a reporter at Folha de S.Paulo, Brazil's largest newspaper, explained in an interview:
The implementation of the law was controversial. The advertising industry took it worst. Many of the graffiti images which had brought the city an international reputation for artistic innovation were destroyed and others badly damaged, including the officially approved 680 meter-long mural painted by the "grafiteiros" Os Gêmeos, Nunca and Nina along the 23 de Maio expressway. At the same time the artists' work was being celebrated in the "Street Art" exhibition at Tate Modern Gallery in London, with large-scale works by Os Gêmeos and Nunca decorating the Tate Modern's external walls. This international recognition of the significance of the artists' work led to a re-evaluation in São Paulo of the importance of street art and the impact of the law. Following a public debate on the subject of what constituted art a registry of street art in São Paulo meriting protection was established by the city.


Vodafone M.I.C

Vodafone M.I.C (Make It Count) is Fiji's own music reality TV show which is similar to the format of American Idol.
The show has had five successful seasons. Its sixth season is set for release next year.
The show was created by Paul Dominiko. It is broadcast on Fiji TV and airs Tuesdays and Fridays from 7-8 pm (Fiji time)
How contestants are chosen.
The judges and producer travel to places in Fiji (Nadi, Suva, Labasa, Lautoka) where auditions take place. Judges observe the contestants and after auditions narrow hopefuls down. The remaining contestants return for a second audition round, here the top 10 finalists are chosen and go on to compete in the live shows.
Performance night.
Performance night happens two nights before the elimination night. This is where the contestants perform for public votes. Voting lines open at 8pm and close midnight(4 hours of voting time).
Elimination rounds.
Here the votes have been counted and the elimination takes place at the start of the show. The host reveals the bottom three and then the judges deliver who is eliminated(from voting results). The eliminated contestant then sings their swan song and the remaining contestants then continue the show and perform for more vote.
Season 1.
Elena Baravilala
Jon Apted, Abigale Young, Igelese Ete
Season 2.
Peniette Seru, Sofia
Jon Apted, Talei Burns, Igelese Ete
Season 3.
Lanza Coffin, Suliano Waqabaca, Kathlenn Waqa, Paulini Cava, Tupou Veikoso
Jon Apted, Talei Burns Laisa Vulakoro
Season 5.
Auditions for this year's show started on the 21st of April. The show premiered in May.
Isaia Waqavou, Marilyn Mataiasi, Pauline Tuidravu, Josefa Lesi, Sereima Banuve, Ren Slatter, Jordeena Punja, Litia Rosi, Mosese Tikoduadua, Pauliasi Cinavou


Martin Gang

Martin Gang ( – ), was an American lawyer. Gang was a graduate of Harvard and the Boalt Law School, and was known for providing legal aid to victims of the 1940s and 1950s Hollywood blacklist. Martin Gang was involved in the founding of the American law firm now known as Gang, Tyre, Ramer, Brown & Passman, Inc. (originally Gang, Kopp, and Brown), and remained within the firm from 1931 to his death.
Legacy.
Gang worked to dissolve the Hollywood blacklist, from when it was founded in 1947 to its end. In the 1950s, he provided legal representation to movie industry workers who cooperated with the House Un-American Activities Committee and was a leading member of the American Jewish Committee. In 1951, Gang represented Gene Autry in a lawsuit against Republic Studios. Other distinguished clients that Martin Gang worked with include George Burns, Bob Hope, Olivia de Havilland, Myrna Loy, Lucille Ball, and Frank Sinatra.
Furthermore, Gang was one of the McCarthy era's most frequent "clearance" lawyers in Hollywood. He devised methods of allowing publicly known communist-sympathizers to avoid the studio blacklists and counseled his clients in cooperating with the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC). This included admitting their connection to communism, fully repudiating their former beliefs, and sharing information on former friends, colleagues, and acquaintances who were involved in communist groups. To retain his client's interest in keeping their employment, he resided to counseling them to 'name names'. Gang claimed that he "had a responsibility to [his] client and their lives".
Martin Gang's other legacies include acting as a retainer to a faction of the Screen Directors Guild that were fighting efforts by another faction to impose a loyalty oath on members in the 1950s. Additionally, he rescued members of his extended family living in Vienna, Austria from Hitler's Holocaust. In the media, Martin Gang played a role in the 1991 movie "Guilty by Suspicion" and "Auf Wiedersehen: ’Til We Meet Again," which documented the aforementioned rescue of his family.


Timo Kahlen

Timo Kahlen (born 1966 in Berlin) is a German sound sculptor and media artist who currently lives and works in Berlin.
Life and work.
Timo Kahlen is known for his sound sculptures and site-specific sound art works, installations with steam, wind and light, as well as experimental net art, video and photography. His interdisciplinary and intermedia body of work, often employing ephemeral, elemental materials such as wind and steam, light and shade, sound and vibration, noise and beauty, has been nominated for the German national "Sound Art Prize" 2006, the "Kahnweiler Prize for Sculpture" 2001 and the "Prize for Young European Photographers" 1989, as well as various scholarships in Washington D.C., Berlin, Paris and Guernsey. Kahlen's work is involved with the sculptural and conceptual aspects of immaterial phenomena and processes, and curators as Joanna Littlejohns have emphasized the ephemeral, "temporary and changeable nature" of his concentrated oeuvre. Kahlen's work has been presented in more than 140 exhibitions and retrospectives of contemporary media art since the mid-1980s, including "Sound Art: Sound as a Medium of the Arts" (ZKM Center for Arts and Media Technologies, Karlsruhe 2012–2013), the "Mediations Biennale" (Poland 2012), "Tonspur_expanded: The Loudspeaker" (Vienna, 2010–11), "Noise & Beauty" (Berlin 2010), "60 × 60" (New York 2010), Manifesta 7: "Scenarios" (Italy 2008), "Sound Art: German Sound Art Prize 2006" (Marl and Cologne 2006), "Wireless Experience" (Helsinki 2004), "Zeitskulptur: Volumen als Ereignis" (Linz 1997) and the solo exhibition "Timo Kahlen: Works with Wind" (1991), inaugurating the Kunst-Werke in Berlin.
His installation at the Aviation Museum in Amberg in 2010 was disrupted when a cleaner mistakenly vacuumed up the two dead hornets he had placed on a loudspeaker: the installation was titled "Tanz für Insekten" (dance for insects) and the intention was for the dead insects to "dance" as a result of the vibrations. Rather than kill more hornets, he replaced them with dead houseflies.
Kahlen received his Master of Fine Arts degree from the Berlin University of the Arts, where he studied under Professor Dieter Appelt and held a lectureship in Visual Media and Video Art from 1993 to 1998.
References.
[[Category:German sound artists]]
[[Category:New media artists]]
[[Category:German contemporary artists]]
[[Category:1966 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]


RecipeML

Recipe Markup Language, formerly known as DESSERT (Document Encoding and Structuring Specification for Electronic Recipe Transfer), is an XML-based format for marking up recipes. The format was created in 2000 by the company FormatData.
The format provides detailed markup for defining ingredients, which facilitates automated conversions from one type of measurement to another. The markup language also provides for step-based instructions. Metadata can be added to a RecipeML document through the Dublin Core.
Software programs that read and write the RecipeML format include "Largo Recipes".


Hamad bin Jassim bin Jaber Al Thani

His Excellency Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim bin Jaber bin Mohammed bin Thani Al Thani (born 11 January 1959 or 30 August 1959) (Arabic: حمد بن جاسم بن جبر آل ثاني) is a Qatari politician. He was the Prime Minister of Qatar from 3 April 2007 to 26 June 2013, and foreign minister from 11 January 1992 to 26 June 2013.
Early life.
Hamad was born in Doha, Qatar, on 11 January 1959 or 30 August 1959. He is the fifth son of Jassim bin Jabr Al Thani. Through his father, he is the grandson of Jabr bin Mohammed Al Thani. Jabr was a younger brother of Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani, the founding father of modern Qatar.
Career.
Between 1982 and 1989, Hamad was the director of the office of the minister of municipal affairs and agriculture. In July 1989, he was appointed minister of municipal affairs and agriculture and in May 1990, he was appointed deputy minister of electricity and water along with his post as minister of municipal affairs and agriculture, where he supervised several successful projects and developed the agriculture sector.
On 1 September 1992, Hamad was appointed as foreign minister of Qatar by the 8th Emir. He was retained in his post when the Emir's son, Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani came to power in a coup in 1995. Hamad played an important role in the overthrow of the 8th Emir. On 16 September 2003, Hamad was appointed first deputy prime minister while retaining his position of minister of foreign affairs. On 2 April 2007, he was appointed as prime minister, following the resignation of Abdullah bin Khalifa Al Thani; Hamad also continued to serve as foreign minister. HBJ had vast foreign policy goals for Qatar during his tenure.
Hamad was reported to have had strong connections with the US government. He serves on the International Advisory Council of the Brookings Institution and chairs the International Advisory Council of the Brookings Doha Center. He has stakes in many strong businesses such as Qatar Airways and the Foreign Investment Company, Qatari Diar Real Estate Investment Company, The Pearl and Harrods. He is a partner in Project Grande (Guernsey), the developer of One Hyde Park in London, United Kingdom.
Additionally, Hamad held several other key positions including member of the supreme defense council, which was established in 1996; head of Qatar's permanent committee for the support of al Quds, which was formed in 1998; member of the permanent constitution committee, formed in 1999; member of the ruling family council, which was established in 2000; and member of the supreme council for the investment of the reserves of the state, which was established in 2000.
Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani, ruling Emir of Qatar from 1995 to 2013, was the first Arab politician received by Nicolas Sarkozy after the latter's election to the French presidency in May 2007. The French government made of Qatar under Hamad's guidance a strategic partner, and the list of partnerships between the two states includes Total, EADS, Technip, Air Liquide, Vinci SA, GDF Suez, and Areva. France was, under the Hamad government, the primary arms supplier to the Emirate. In February 2009, under the Sarkozy government, France accorded special beyond-OCDE investment privileges to Qatar, its ruling family and its State-Owned Enterprises; one example of the privileges is capital gains exemptions in France.
The US embassy to Doha claimed, in a cable disclosed in December 2010 by WikiLeaks, that "Sheikh Hamad (HBJ) told then US senator John Kerry that he had proposed a bargain with the Egyptian president, Hosni Mubarak, which involved stopping broadcasts in Egypt in exchange for a change in Cairo's position on Israel-Palestinian negotiations, and that 'we would stop al-Jazeera for a year' if Mubarak agreed in that span of time to deliver a lasting settlement for the Palestinians."
On 25 June 2013, Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani abdicated as Emir of Qatar, and on the next day, 26 June, Hamad resigned from office. Some have questioned whether this was because the new emir pulled him from his post after realizing how much power HBJ had amassed. He was replaced by Abdullah bin Nasser bin Khalifa Al Thani as prime minister and by Khalid bin Mohammad Al Attiyah as foreign minister. On 3 July, Hamad was also relieved from the post of deputy head of the Qatar Investment Authority (QIA).
It was under HBJ that Qatar began assisting rebels in Syria by supplying them with arms. This move brought criticism upon Qatar, as some questioned whether these arms ultimately ended up in the wrong hands.
Mediation efforts.
Hamad has worked actively to settle political conflicts in both Africa and the Middle East over the last 20 years.
In 2010, he led the mediation efforts that resulted in the signing of a peace agreement between Djibouti and Eritrea to settle their border dispute and thereby paving the way for broader peace talks to end the six-year conflict in the region. According to the negotiated peace declaration, the two parties pledged to give peaceful means a “strategic priority to settle the conflict in Darfur”, and to take the required measures to create “an opportune environment to achieve a lasting settlement”, including the halting of “inconvenience to the displaced and ensuring the flow of relief aid”. The parties furthermore committed themselves to prisoners swap and the release of those who were detained due to the dispute.
In 2009, he assisted in the settlement agreement between Sudan and Chad. The civil war in Chad began in December 2005. On February 8, 2006 the Tripoli Agreement was signed, which temporarily stopped the fighting. However, hostilities resumed after two months, leading to several new agreement attempts and a final settlement between the two parties in 2009.
In 2009, Hamad participated in brokering a peace agreement to end the conflict in Darfur ("The Goodwill and Confidence Building Pact”) between the government of Sudan and Justice and Equality Movement. The pact also opened up to the rest of factions in Darfur.
He participated in mediation of ceasefire in Yemen between the Government of Yemen and the Houthi Movement in 2007. In 2010, the two parties agreed to activate the agreement after confrontations threatening the ceasefire. The mediation ended a six-year war between the two sides.
In 2007, Hamad helped organize the Lebanese national dialogue and the peace agreement between various Lebanese political groups to end the worst internal fighting in Lebanon since the civil war of 1975–1990. In an attempt to resolve a broader political showdown that had paralyzed the country for 18 months, Hamad summoned the Lebanese government and Hezbollah-led opposition to Qatar for talks. He declared an agreement sponsored by the Arab League to deal with the Lebanese crisis. In the agreement the parties pledged, “to refrain from returning to the use of weapons or violence to realize political gains." The Lebanese government furthermore committed itself to introduce a new electoral law designed to provide better representation in the country's sectarian system of power sharing.
Hamad was instrumental in creating the peace settlement between Sudan and Eritrea in 1998. The un-demarcated border with Sudan had posed a problem for Eritrean external relations for most of the nation's existence. He negotiated a peace settlement between Sudan and Eritrea. After the agreement was signed, relations somewhat normalized.
In 1996, he worked to settle a brief war between Eritrea and Yemen over the Hanish Islands. As part of the agreement to cease hostilities the two nations agreed, through the negotiating effort of Hamad, to refer the issue to the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague in 1998. Yemen was granted full ownership of the larger islands while Eritrea was awarded the peripheral islands to the southwest of the larger islands. Since then relations between the two governments have remained relatively normal.
Hamad facilitated the agreement that led to a unity constitution in Yemen in May 1990, ratified by the populace in May 1991. It affirmed Yemen's commitment to free elections, a multiparty political system, the right to own private property, equality under the law, and respect of basic human rights. Parliamentary elections were held on 27 April 1993.
Hamad also has been involved in ongoing efforts between Fatah and Hamas to achieve Palestinian reconciliation to activate the peace process with Israel.
Of other humanitarian initiatives, he has facilitated the release of prisoners, including the five Lebanese prisoners in Eritrea. He supported the effort to release Mr. Nawaz Sharif, the former Prime Minister of Pakistan from jail, and was instrumental in freeing the Bulgarian nurses in Libya from prison. He has opened Qatar to political refugees in the Muslim and Arab worlds. During the Bosnian conflict of the 1990s, he secured large quantities of food, medicine and other items to the Bosnian population.
In November 2010 he launched the Humanitarian Appeal 2011 in Doha, together with the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). The initiative is set to help improve the living conditions for millions of people affected by humanitarian crises around the world.
Legal issues.
BAE Systems.
Following courting by Michael Portillo, Qatar entered into an arms deal worth £500 million with BAE Systems. £7 million was transferred into two trusts in Jersey of which Hamad was named as a beneficiary. In an attempt to prevent money laundering, the funds were frozen from 16 July 2000 by the Jersey Financial Services Commission, who then began a court case and investigation. Hamad paid the Jersey authorities £6 million as a "voluntary reparation" as "the structures put in place by his advisers may have contributed to the cost and complexity of the inquiry." The case was then dropped by the Jersey authorities.
Heritage Oil.
In June 2014, HBJ acquired 80% of Heritage Oil, which was listed as a London exploration and production company. At the same time, he was listed as a “Counsellor” at the Qatari embassy and as such was privileged to legal immunity under the 1961 Vienna Convention. Article 42 of this convention states that “a diplomat shall not in the receiving State practise for personal profit any professional or commercial activity” thereby disallowing the acquisition in which HBJ engaged. The stake, valued at £924 million and dated April 30, 2014, transferred to a “wholly owned subsidiary” of Al-Mirqab Capital, an investment company privately owned by HBJ and his family. HBJ's lawyers maintain that the fact that the company was listed in London is not sufficient evidence to determine that Article 42 had been violated.
Controversies.
A May 2008 diplomatic cable sent by then U.S. chargé d'affaires in Doha, alluded to a dispute between HBJ and the Qatari intelligence officials over a Qatari senior bank official imprisoned for 6 months over his role in funding Khalid Sheikh Mohammed (KSM), the al-Qaeda mastermind of September 11. The senior bank official was Khalifa Muhammad Turki al-Subaiy who financed KSM while working at Qatar Central Bank.
In November 2016, Pakistani Prime Minister produced a letter from Hamad bin Jassim to claim that the properties identified as owned by his daughter in Panama Leaks are actually are result of a settlement that happened in 2006. The letter was mostly based on hearsay and soon after the first letter second letter was produced which tried to cover up holes left in the first letter. The properties were purchased by Sharif family from 1992–1996 through off shore companies Nescoll and Nielson. The beneficial owner of those four flats is Maryam Nawaz (daughter of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif) according to leaked Panama papers. If the court calls Hamad bin Jassim to stand as the witness to prove the worth of his letter, he could be sent to prison for lying. Pakistan will definitely imprison frauds who could help making black money white. It is alleged that Hamad bin Jassim's companies got lucarative LNG deal worth billions of dollar with Pakistan through his connection with Nawaz Sharif. Hammad bin Jasim was even mentioned in Panama case decision and was praised by justice Khosa who used this information to base his opinion and give one of the historical verdicts in Pakistan.
Paradise Papers.
In November 2017 an investigation conducted by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalism cited his name in the list of politicians named in "Paradise Papers" allegations.
Positions and opinions.
At a 2015 speech at the Chatham House, a London-based think tank, HBJ warned the Israelis, reminding them that they are surrounded by 400 million Arabs, saying “you have the upper hand now but you are surrounded. Accept the 1967 boundaries, the two state solution. Your superiority will not last forever. Solve (the Palestinian question) and terrorism is defused.”
Business and wealth.
Al Thani is one of the richest people in the world, having overseen Qatar's $230 billion sovereign wealth fund until 2013. He has been named "the man who bought London" by British tabloids; his holdings in London include the Shard, Harrods, and the InterContinental London Park Lane. He also owns football club Paris Saint-Germain.
It was reported that Hamad bin Jassim bin Jaber Al Thani bought Banque Internationale à Luxembourg and KBL European Private Bankers via Precision Capital, making one of the largest banking groups in Luxembourg.
According to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission filing, he also owns 3.05% shares of the Deutsche Bank, via Paramount Services Holdings Limited; his relative, HH Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani (former emir/ruler of Qatar), via another company Supreme Universal Holdings, owns 3.05% of the shares. Part of Hamad bin Khalifa's stake was sold by Hamad bin Jassim bin Jaber.
In May 2015, Hamad purchased Picasso's "Les Femmes d'Alger (Version O)" for $179.4 million including fees, a record price for a painting at auction. He also owns a super-yacht, the Al Mirqab, worth $300 million.
Personal life.
In 1982, Hamad married Jawaher bint Fahad Al Thani. He subsequently married Noor Al Subaie, the daughter of the former minister of education, in 1996 as his second wife.
He has 15 children. Seven sons and eight daughters.
HE Sheikh Jabor bin Hamad Al Thani
HE Sheikh Jassim bin Hamad Al Thani
HE Sheikh Mohammed bin Hamad Al Thani
HE Sheikh Fahad bin Hamad Al Thani
HE Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani
HE Sheikh Falah bin Hamad Al Thani
HE Sheikh Abdulaziz bin Hamad Al Thani
Sheikha Maryam bint Hamad Al Thani
Sheikha Al Anood bint Hamad Al Thani
Sheikha Noor bint Hamad Al Thani
Sheikha Lamya bint Hamad Al Thani
Sheikha Sharifa bint Hamad Al Thani
Sheikha May bint Hamad Al Thani
Sheikha Hayfa bint Hamad Al Thani
Sheikha Alya bint Hamad Al Thani


George V. Allen

George Venable Allen (November 3, 1903 – July 11, 1970) was a United States diplomat. He served as ambassador to Iran during the crisis of 1946 and was involved in managing US relations amid the Cold War with the Soviet Union. He was involved in expanding activities of the Voice of America, exporting culture and increasing US participation in the UNESCO.
Biography.
Born in Durham, North Carolina, son of a merchant Thomas Ellis Allen and Harriet Moore, he attended Duke University—then known as Trinity College—graduating in 1924 and from Harvard University in 1929. He worked briefly as a high school teacher between 1924 and 1928 and as a newspaper reporter for the "Asheville Times" and "Durham Herald". He joined Foreign Service in 1930 working first as vice consul in Kingston, Jamaica and later in Shanghai, China, Patras, Greece and Cairo, Egypt. He served as U.S. Ambassador to Iran from 1946 to 1948. During this period he worked on preventing a Soviet Iran oil agreement and led to the Iranian prime minister Ahmad Qavam dropping communist cabinet members. He also helped build ties with Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, playing weekly tennis matches with the monarch. He served as Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs from 1948 to 1949, U.S. Ambassador to Yugoslavia from 1949 to 1953, United States Ambassador to India and Nepal 1953–1954. While in India he along with Dwight D. Eisenhower supported India's rival Pakistan with military support as a deterrent against Soviet relations with India. He then served as Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern, South Asian, and African Affairs from 1953 to 1954, U.S. Ambassador to Greece 1956–1957, and Director of the U.S. Information Agency from 1957 to 1960.
Allen was president of the Tobacco Institute from 1960 to 1966.
Allen appeared as himself, while serving as the Director of the Foreign Service Institute, on the February 6, 1967 episode of the game show To Tell the Truth. He received all four votes form the panel.
He married Katherine Martin in 1934, author of a self-published book on their lives overseas, "Foreign Service Diary." They had three children, George V. Allen, Jr., John M. Allen and Richard A. Allen, all lawyers in Washington, D.C.. He died at Bahama, North Carolina and is interred in Rock Creek Cemetery in Washington DC.


Glen Fogel

Glen Fogel (born 1977 in Denver, Colorado) is a New York-based artist.
Work.
Glen Fogel's work constructs narratives from a combination of personal experience and politically charged issues using video, installation, sculpture, and photography. His works are often centered around objects laden with complex emotional and symbolic associations. About the intensely personal nature of his work, Fogel has said: “I wonder if all art is portraiture of some kind, like the primal impulse to portray ourselves.”
Fogel’s 5-channel video installation "With Me... You" (2011) uses his strategy of superimposing elements of his personal history onto found public material and forms of mass marketing. For this piece, Fogel borrowed and videotaped wedding and engagement rings in his family’s possession. Going back to his great-grandmother's ring that has been stripped of its jewels, and including the wedding rings of his mother and sister, Fogel assembled 4 generations of his family’s most precious heirlooms into a synced video installation. Filmed in extreme closeup and high definition, Fogel exploits the meticulous display style of The Home Shopping Network. The rings rotate, freely floating in unarticulated space while a sequence of colored gels form the background, flooding the gallery with ambient hues. The video is interrupted intermittently when an incoming ‘text message’ sound signals fluorescent lights to switch on in the gallery, replacing and at times obliterating the images.
Education and career.
In 2010, Fogel received his Master of Fine Arts from The Milton Avery Graduate School of the Arts at Bard College (Annandale-On-Hudson, NY).
Glen Fogel is represented by JTT gallery in New York, NY. He has had solo exhibitions in New York, Chicago, Portland, Houston, Savannah, Santa Barbara, Istanbul, Turkey and Porto, Portugal. His work has been part of many group shows, including the 2002 Whitney Biennial and more recently, "Uncommon Commonalities" (Aspect/Ratio, 2015).
Fogel is currently the Technical Director and a faculty member at The Milton Avery Graduate School of the Arts at Bard College (Annandale-On-Hudson, NY). He is also a visiting artist lecturer at The Cooper Union, New York, NY, and Princeton University, NJ.
Awards and honors.
In 2009 he was awarded the Princess Grace Award, and in 2008 he was the recipient of a grant from The Rema Hort Mann Foundation. In 2006, he was the recipient of a grant from MAP Production Fund, Creative Capital.


Aleksandr Skorobogatko

Aleksandr Ivanovich Skorobogatko () (born September 15, 1967) is a Ukrainian-Russian billionaire businessman and former deputy member in the State Duma, having represented the Liberal Democratic Party of Russia (2003-2007) and United Russia (2007-2016). He has previously served as the Deputy Chairman of the Committee on Civil, Criminal, Arbitral and Procedural Law.
Early life.
Skorobogatko was born in Ukraine, Soviet Union in 1967 to a mining family. He graduated from the Slavyansk State Pedagogical Institute in 1994 with a degree in physical education, and then earned a master's degree in finance from Plekhanov Russian Academy in 1996. He was later awarded a degree in Law from the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences of the Russian Ministry of the Interior.
Business career.
Skorobogatko, together with his partner Alexander Ponomarenko, launched a perfume manufacturing company and construction material business in the Crimea in the late 1980s.
In 1996, he and Ponomarenko founded the Russian General Bank in Moscow. The bank survived the 1998 crisis and was ranked as a “top 100 bank” in Russia by Interfax. In 2006, the bank was sold to Hungarian OTP Bank for $477 million according to Vedomosti.
Starting in 1998, the partners began to purchase shares in a number of stevedoring companies in the Tsemess Bay of Novorossiysk. In 2006 they were combined to form the Novorossiysk Commercial Sea Port (NCSP), which became the largest port in Russia. In 2007, NCSP went public and was listed on the London Stock Exchange.
In 2003, Skorobogatko was elected as a deputy member of the State Duma and stepped back from all private entrepreneurial activities.
In November 2017 an investigation conducted by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalism cited his name in the list of politicians named in "Paradise Papers" allegations.
Skorobogatko is one of many "Russian oligarchs" named in a report that was included in the Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act, CAATSA, signed into law by President Donald Trump in 2017. The report stated that the U.S. Department of the Treasury had compiled the list by enumerating individuals who, "according to reliable public sources," have an estimated net worth of $1 billion or more. The Department of the Treasury made clear that this was not a sanctions list, although some of the 210 individuals on the list were already subject to U.S. sanctions.
Political career.
In 2003, Skorobogatko was elected as a deputy member of the State Duma for the Liberal Democratic Party of Russia. In 2007, he joined the United Russia party.
In November 2016, he announced his resignation, giving up his mandate before the end of his term.
Personal life.
He is married, with three children, and lives in Moscow.


Georges Renavent

Georges Renavent (born Georges DeChaux, April 23, 1892 – January 2, 1969) was a French-American actor in film, Broadway plays and operator of American Grand Guignol. He was born in Paris, France. In 1914, he immigrated to the United States, crossing the frontier between Canada and Vermont.
He was married to Selena Royle, an actress and daughter of Edwin Milton Royle, author of "The Squaw Man", which was adapted for film and starred Cecil B. DeMille.
They left the United States to live in Mexico after Selena was entangled in the McCarthy era Communism investigations and Hollywood blacklist. While in Mexico, both Selena and Georges continued to be active in the arts and put out various cookbooks, including "Pheasants for Peasants", "A Gringa's Guide to Mexican Cooking", and "Guadalajara As I Know, Live It, Love It".
Acting career.
His first American film appearance was in "The Seven Sisters" (1915). Fourteen years later, Renavent played an impressive starring role as the Kinkajou in the musical spectacular, "Rio Rita" (1929).
"Rio Rita" was based on a 1927 stage musical by Florenz Ziegfeld, which originally united Wheeler and Woolsey as a team and made them famous. In 1929, Radio Pictures, later known as RKO Radio Pictures, purchased the film rights to this musical. The last portion of the film was photographed in Technicolor.
Renavent also starred in "East of Borneo" (1931), which was one of the most frequently telecast films of the 1950s and 1960s. "East of Borneo" starred Rose Hobart as Linda, the wife of African missionary Dr. Clark (Charles Bickford). whom she finds he's been living in luxury as court physician of the Prince of Marudu (Renavent).
"East of Borneo" went on to achieve latter-day fame when avant-garde filmmaker Joseph Cornell spliced together all of the leading lady's close-ups, and came up with a surrealistic exercise titled "Rose Hobart" (1936). When Cornell screened the film, Salvador Dalí was in attendance. Dalí was incensed that Cornell had created such a masterpiece before he could.
In 1936, Renavent played opposite Boris Karloff and Bela Lugosi in "The Invisible Ray" (1936). He appeared in Hal Roach's "Turnabout" (1940). His final film was made in 1952, when he played Ortega in "Mara Maru", with Errol Flynn.
Broadway career.
Renavent also ran his own American Grand Guignol and was involved in many Broadway plays in New York.
Death.
Renavent died in Guadalajara, Mexico in 1969. He is survived by his granddaughter, Lynne Paretti Smaldone and her two sons,
Matthew Aaron Smaldone and Gregory Andrew Smaldone and his grandson, Michael Paretti and his daughter Lisa Paretti. His daughter, Francette Paretti died in 2010.


Ring Lardner Jr.

Ringgold Wilmer "Ring" Lardner Jr. (August 19, 1915 – October 31, 2000) was an American journalist and screenwriter. A member of the "Hollywood Ten", he was blacklisted by the Hollywood film studios during the late 1940s and 1950s after his appearance as an "unfriendly" witness before the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) leading to Lardner's being found guilty of contempt of Congress.
Early life.
Born in Chicago, he was the son of Ellis (Abbott) and journalist and humorist Ring Lardner, and the brother of James, John and David Lardner. He was educated at Phillips Academy, Andover, and Princeton University, where he joined the Socialist Club. In his sophomore year he enrolled at the Anglo-American Institute of the University of Moscow. Lardner returned to New York and, in 1935, briefly worked at the "Daily Mirror" before signing on as publicity director with David O. Selznick's new movie company. Lardner joined the US Communist Party in 1937.
Career.
Ring Lardner Jr. moved to Hollywood where he worked as a publicist and "script doctor" before writing his own material. This included "Woman of the Year" (1942), a film that won him and Michael Kanin the Best Original Screenplay Academy Award. He also worked on the scripts for the films "Laura" (1944), "Brotherhood of Man" (1946), "Forever Amber" (1947), and "M*A*S*H" (1970). The script of the latter earned him an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay.
Lardner held strong left-wing views and during the Spanish Civil War he helped raise funds for the Republican cause. He was also involved in organizing anti-fascist demonstrations. His brother, James Lardner, was a member of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade, and was killed in action in Spain in 1938. Although his political involvement upset the owners of the film studios, he continued to be employed and in 1947 became one of the highest paid scriptwriters in Hollywood when he signed a contract with 20th Century Fox at $2,000 a week (equivalent to $ a week today).
Blacklisting.
After the Second World War the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) began an investigation the Hollywood motion picture industry. In September 1947, the HUAC interviewed 41 people who were working in Hollywood. These individuals attended voluntarily and became known as "friendly witnesses". During their testimony, they named several people whom they accused of holding views sympathetic to communism.
Lardner appeared before the HUAC on October 30, 1947, but like Alvah Bessie, Herbert Biberman, Albert Maltz, Adrian Scott, Dalton Trumbo, Lester Cole, Edward Dmytryk, Samuel Ornitz and John Howard Lawson, he refused to answer any questions. Known as the "Hollywood Ten", they claimed that the First Amendment to the United States Constitution clearly gave them the right to do this. HUAC and the courts during appeals disagreed and all were found guilty of contempt of Congress. Lardner was sentenced to 12 months in the Federal Correctional Institution, Danbury and fined $1,000. He had been dismissed by Fox on October 28, 1947.
Blacklisted by the Hollywood studios, Lardner worked for the next couple of years on the novel "The Ecstasy of Owen Muir" (1954). Beginning in 1955, Lardner and fellow blacklistee Ian McLellan Hunter, working under pseudonyms, wrote episodes of television series, including "The Adventures of Robin Hood", "The Adventures of Sir Lancelot", and "The Buccaneers", for producer Hannah Weinstein, an expatriate American living in England. For several years, meetings there with the producer were attended exclusively by Hunter, who had managed to gain a passport despite his political activities, whereas travel abroad for Lardner was deemed "not in the best interest of the United States" by the Passport Bureau, a restriction lasting from 1951 to 1958, when the Supreme Court ruled that passports could not be denied for political reasons. The blacklist was lifted for Lardner when producer Martin Ransohoff and director Norman Jewison gave him screen credit for writing "The Cincinnati Kid" (1965). Lardner's later work included "M*A*S*H" (1970), for which he won the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay, and "The Greatest" (1977), for which he re-wrote the original script by Bill Gunn. His final film project was an adaptation of Roger Kahn's book "The Boys of Summer".
According to Hungarian writer Miklós Vámos—who visited Lardner several times before his death—Lardner won an Academy Award for a movie he wrote under a pseudonym. Lardner refused to tell which movie it was, saying that it would be unfair to reveal it because the writer who allowed him to use his name as a front (as Lardner's pseudonym) was doing him a big favor at the time.
Personal life.
Lardner married Silvia Schulman, then David O. Selznick's secretary, in 1937. They had two children, a son and a daughter, and divorced in 1945. In 1946, in Las Vegas, Nevada, Lardner married Frances Chaney, an actress, and they remained wed until his death in 2000. They had one son. Chaney had been married to Lardner's brother, David, until his death in 1944 and had two children, a daughter and a son, from that marriage.
Death.
On October 31, 2000, Lardner died in Manhattan, New York. He was the last surviving member of the Hollywood Ten.
Television tributes.
In the episode from the second season of "The West Wing" entitled "Somebody's Going to Emergency, Somebody's Going to Jail", Sam Seaborn, while attempting to gain a pardon for someone who he believed had been falsely convicted of communist espionage in the 1950s, comments to an FBI agent "Ring Lardner's just died. How many years does he get back?"
In an episode of NBC's "Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip", an elderly man is discovered in the studio. When asked his name, he replies first "Bessie Bibermann", then "Scott Trumbo", then "Cole Lardner". All six names are last names of members of the Hollywood Ten.
Both the "Studio 60" and "West Wing" episodes were written by Aaron Sorkin.
The episode of "Robin Hood" first broadcast by the BBC on December 1, 2007, was called "Lardner's Ring".


Darrell Zimmerman

Darrell Zimmerman is a Canadian free jazz musician, activist and a former floor trader convicted of wire fraud. The "Zimmerman Rule", named for him, prevents individuals who trade in the Chicago exchanges to profit from trades made over stipulated limits.
Zimmerman ran twice for mayor of Vancouver, both times unsuccessfully.
Early life and education.
Zimmerman was raised in Vernon, British Columbia. He was inspired to be a broker by an E. F. Hutton television ad, the life of a local successful broker, and Dr. Bruce G. Gould's "How to Make Money in Commodities" book.
Zimmerman studied music at Western Washington University.
Career.
Floor trader.
Singer-Wenger.
After working briefly trading in the Vancouver financial market, Zimmerman moved to Chicago and became a trader at the Chicago Board of Trade in 1985; He worked first as an entry-level clerk on the floor. Partly due to Zimmerman's "unusual speed" making financial calculations in his head, he was hired to work for the Singer-Wenger at the Chicago Mercantile Exchange; He was first assigned to the Standard & Poor's 500 Stock Price Index futures pit and then the live cattle futures options. He was fired on "Black Monday" (October 19, 1987) when he made risky and unauthorized transactions as the market was crashing; he lost $60,000. His wife, with whom he was arguing that day about his risky transactions, also lost her job at the exchange.
Other trading positions.
Between 1987 and 1992 Zimmerman worked at a number of positions, but had a hard time dealing with the more complicated, risky market after Black Monday (1987). He often started situations successfully, and then was fired for his risky, unsuccessful and unauthorized trades; Zimmerman made puts and calls transactions above stipulated limits. Zimmerman then worked independently. The market was volatile when the Gulf War commenced [January 17, 1991]. He engaged in risky transactions which resulted in the loss of $150,000. He lost his seat on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange 20 days after it had been acquired and he owed First Commercial Financial Group $70,000.
One of the people who staked him in exchange for a share of his profits said, "Going through the markets is like going through psychoanalysis... If you have any self-destructive tendencies, the market is going to find them and hit you with them."
Lee B. Stern & Company.
Floor trader.
By 1992 Zimmerman was a floor trader at Lee B. Stern & Company where his "questionable billion-dollar trades jolted the Treasury bond market". On October 22, 1992, Zimmerman controlled $1.2 billion of futures on US 30-year treasury bonds backed by a bad check for $50,000. Unable to pay $8.5 million in margin calls, Lee B. Stern's owners' exchange memberships were suspended. Zimmerman's trading privileges were revoked. Anthony Catalfo was named as an accomplice; both men were accused of trying to make a fortune by ignoring the limits placed on the trades. The men were accused of "taking a large stake in options that would make money if the price of Treasury bonds fell. They then sold a large number of Treasury bond futures contracts, which insured the price would drop." The market did just that, but before the bonds could be sold the price rebounded and then increased, resulting in a loss of $8.5 million.
Journalist Ted Fishman wrote:
By the time Zimmerman was hauled out of the pits by Board of Trade security guards, he had ruined an old-line trading firm, threatened the Board of Trade with its first default in history, raised serious doubts about its trading system, and changed forever the way business on the world's futures exchanges is done.
Lee Stern covered the $8.5 million loss ($1.5 million from Catolfo), was forced to liquidate his company and subsequently rebuilt his status in the market.
Arraignment.
Zimmerman left Chicago for Canada in July, 1993, just prior to his arraignment on federal fraud charges. In an interview with Worth Magazine several months later, Zimmerman commented upon the incident:
I thought then, "I'm a multimillionaire, I control the market now..." You spend half of every day thinking about what would happen if you could trade large enough to move a market by yourself, to play like the big firms and banks do. I had everyone in the pit coming to me. I was the market. The exchanges just don't want to admit the market can be controlled by one guy, especially by someone like me, but I proved it can. Almost.
Zimmerman worked for a short time for Hera Resources, a gold and silver mining company in Canada. He was hired partly to assist with investor relations. He was to have received stock options at Hera, but when the company tried to file the transaction the connection was made by exchange investigators to Zimmerman's Chicago indictment. He was fired immediately from his job. Royal Canadian Mounted Police arrested Zimmerman in November 1993 and fought extradition to the United States for several years.
Conviction, extradition and capture.
In June 1994, while Zimmerman was evading extradition, Anthony Catalfo was convicted of six counts of fraud and sentenced to 42 months in jail.
He was convicted in 1995 of wire fraud for trying to manipulate the market. Zimmerman was arrested in Canada in July 1996, extradited back to the United States, and in September of that year pleaded guilty to two of six counts of wire fraud. He spent two years in jail, serving some time at the Metropolitan Correctional Center.
Zimmerman rule.
His actions caused the Chicago Board of Trade and all Chicago exchanges to implement what has unofficially been called the "Zimmerman rule" prohibiting traders from profiting after having traded above the limit of their account; The clearing firms are allowed to keep the profits.
Advocacy and politics.
Zimmerman unsuccessfully ran for mayor of Vancouver as an independent candidate in 2005.
In 2011 Zimmerman, resident of the Art Gallery encampment of the Occupy Vancouver Movement, tried to steal the Vancouver's City Hall's portrait of Christy Clark, the Premier of British Columbia. He was arrested and charged with theft, but was released after promising to stay out of City Hall.
He was a candidate for mayor in 2011. As a member of a group of Occupy Vancouver protesters he disrupted a mayoral debate on the subject of homelessness from which he had been excluded. Having caused a disturbance, Zimmerman was removed from the event.
Musical career.
He appeared on the album "Bandas de la Portales" with Andres Motta and Gabriel Lauber issued by Jazzorca Records. Zimmerman played with Remi Alvarez, Hernan Hecht, Carlos Alegre, German Bringas, Itzam Cano, and Gabriel Lauber on the 2007 "Free Radical Jazz." It was recorded live at Cafe Jazzorca by Jazzorca Records.
Zimmerman plays the saxophone and trumpet.
Personal life.
In June 1987, Zimmerman married Lisa Tatkus, whom he met while working at the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. They had taken a trip to Canada but Zimmerman was not allowed to return to the United States without a work permit; The couple then married. Between 1987 and 1992, Zimmerman made and lost tens of thousands of dollars. He lost positions for his unsuccessful, unauthorized sales. During that time, the couple experienced financial disarray and moved several times to better and then less expensive housing. Zimmerman allegedly pawned his wife's wedding ring and other jewelry to buy a bus ticket to Canada, and left a note for his wife that said he was taking a vacation, although Lisa found the jewelry, including the wedding ring, in her belongings about a month later. Several years later, they divorced. After October 22, 1992, Lisa was also barred from the trading floor, not for her trading history but through association with her husband. When Zimmerman was imprisoned, Lisa was the only person on Zimmerman's visitor list.
Zimmerman wrote in articles published in the Mexican business magazine, "Expansion", that he came to Mexico with his family and was playing in the Mexican free jazz scene. After two years in Mexico he returned to Vancouver.