Dave Nutting

David Judd Nutting (December 26, 1930 – September 23, 2020) was an industrial design engineer who played a role in the early video game industry. He was a graduate of the Pratt Institute with a degree in industrial design.
Career.
After leaving the Army Corps of Engineers, Nutting joined the design firm of Brooks Stevens Associates. During his time there he was involved in a wide variety of projects, working on everything from Evinrude Outboard Motors, Mirro cookware, Bolens tractors, Studebaker, and 3M. For Willys, Nutting designed Jeep Grand Wagoneer, and went on to design the Enstrom Helicopter.
In 1967 Dave Nutting became involved in the coin-operated games industry through his operation Nutting Industries selling the "I.Q. Computer" (1967) which he co-designed with engineer Harold Montgomery. The quiz machine used a film-strip to display various questions and answers which participants would select to accrue score. Through the next few years Nutting would update this technology to create electro-mechanical arcade games like "Red Baron" (1970). In 1971 he started a new enterprise, Milwaukee Coin Industries (MCI), continuing the design and manufacturing of arcade amusements as well as opening Red Baron Amusement Centers around the country.
In 1974, Nutting and fellow MCI engineer Jeff Frederiksen started Dave Nutting Associates to serve as a contractor for new arcade game concepts. The two learned about Intel's new microprocessor chip set and decided to integrate this technology into a pinball machine, convincing Intel to provide them with one of the first development kits for the Intel 4040. They integrated the microprocessor into a "Flicker" (1975) pinball machine provided by Bally Manufacturing. This scheme was later patented by the duo as the first microprocessor pinball design. Bally acquired the patents to their solution, but did not produce a product based on this design. They began producing solid-state pinballs in 1976 with the Night Rider (1976) table and became the predominant pinball company in the industry. The patents became the subject of a patent infringement lawsuit against other pinball makers, primarily D. Gottlieb & Co and Williams Electronics.
Wishing to expand into video games with this technology, Nutting hired two students from the University of Wisconsin named Jamie Fenton and Tom McHugh to work on video game software. This team developed a video game hardware system which was first used on the game "Gun Fight" (1975) released by Midway Manufacturing. Bally later purchased Dave Nutting Associates with David Nutting retaining the head position. Other video games produced by the company included "Sea Wolf" (1976), "Bally Pin" (1979), "Wizard of Wor" (1980), "Baby Pac-Man" (1982) (combining pinball and video) and "Gorf" (1981). In 1984, Bally closed Dave Nutting Associates, following the video game crash of 1983.
After his involvement with arcade video games, David Nutting continued in engineering. He wrote two books, "Language of Nature: Quantum World Revealed" (2005) dealing with quantum mechanics and "Secrets of a Creative Mind" (2012) a creative motivational book.
Nutting died at his home in Green Valley, Arizona, on September 23, 2020.


Trevor Chan

Trevor Chan is a game designer and CEO of Enlight. He has designed strategy video games such as "Seven Kingdoms," and business simulation games such as "Capitalism".
Chan began his game development career while he was still employed as a programming consultant on an airline sales system. He released a strategy game based on competition between program managers at a television station in the early 1990s. This propelled him to undertake the game that would eventually become "Trevor Chan's Capitalism" in 1995.
He also became interested in developing a real-time strategy game, inspired by adapting the empire-building aspects of "Sid Meier's Civilization" into real-time. The end result was the release "Seven Kingdoms". He produced sequels to both "Capitalism" and "", and had stated that he planned to follow up with further releases in the series.
In 2004, Trevor Chan worked with American McGee on "Bad Day L.A." and prior to it, was a developer and lead designer of the "Trevor Chan's Restaurant Empire".


OutRunners

 is a racing video game developed by Sega and AM1 and released in Japan, Europe, and North America in 1992. It constitutes the third release in the arcade "OutRun" series and was ported to the Mega Drive in 1994.
Description.
"OutRunners" is the fourth game in the "Out Run" series, following "Battle Out Run" and "Turbo Outrun". After "Turbo Outrun"'s departure from "Out Run"'s laid-back, charming atmosphere, fans wanted a game that captured the spirit of the original. "OutRunners" succeeded in doing this; it brought back the ability to take different paths through forks in the road, returned to a lighthearted atmosphere, and distanced itself well from the "serious" "Turbo Outrun". The game featured head-to-head support, and with enough cabinets, up to eight players could challenge each other. It was also the only game in the "Out Run" series to feature various selectable cars and multiple endings until "OutRun 2". "OutRunners" was the most successful game released for Sega's System Multi 32 hardware, and one of the last successful 2D games released by Sega. "OutRunners" was also known for having some of the best looking graphics seen at the time, thanks to creative sprite design and a very skillful use of parallax scrolling, similar to that found in Power Drift, released four years earlier. The game holds up very well today, and plays very similarly to a modern polygon based 3D racer, something not common in a racing game that utilises 2D graphics.
Some routes are accessible on more than one route combination like in the original Out Run. After the initial starting stage, the player has the option of either turning east or west. West leads through San Francisco, through the Easter Islands, into Asia and either into Africa or Europe. East goes through the Grand Canyon, South America or Niagara Falls, across the Atlantic Ocean, into Europe and either into Asia or Australia.
An anthropomorphic broad bean character is featured on billboards and the start of the game called "Broad Bean", a parody of Bibendum (the Michelin man), presumably the mascot of the fictional company sponsoring the race, Sam Spree.
In the Mega Drive version, both Sonic and Tails may fly by in a pair of Tornados and sprinkle the Sega logo onto the screen. Sonic can also be seen on various billboards in the first stage.
All of the selectable cars in "OutRunners" are fictional convertibles, but bear resemblance to real automobiles. Notably, the Speed Buster closely resembles the Ferrari Testarossa featured in the original "OutRun". Each car has its own set of a driver and passenger character, and have their own unique ending vignette if the player makes it to a goal. Each character set also has their own way of acting when their car crashes (Flying through the air, bouncing like balls, running after the car, etc.), but unlike their OutRun counterparts, they always land right back in the car and keep going without stopping.
Development.
"OutRunners" features all four of the songs from the original "OutRun" by Hiroshi Kawaguchi, as well as various new tracks composed by Takenobu Mitsuyoshi and Takayuki Nakamura, along with contributions from Kawaguchi.
Release.
A port of the game was released for the Mega Drive by Sega and for the Genesis by Data East. It featured a forced split-screen in single player modes, where one screen focused on the player and the other on the AI. Though the graphics were merely an adaptation of the arcade version, all other features of this version were kept intact, such as the original arcade soundtrack featuring four songs from the original "Outrun". Andy Dyer wrote in "Mega" that it was "the most embarrassing driving game to appear on the Mega Drive".
In October 1993, Atari Corporation filed a lawsuit against Sega for an alleged infringement of a patent originally created by Atari Corp. in the 1980s, with the former seeking a preliminary injunction to stop manufacturing, usage and sales of hardware and software for both Sega Genesis and Game Gear. On September 28, 1994, both parties reached a settlement in which it involved a cross-licensing agreement to publish up to five titles each year across their systems until 2001. The Genesis version of "OutRunners" was one of the first five titles approved from the deal by Sega in order to be converted for the Atari Jaguar, but it was never released.
Reception.
In Japan, "Game Machine" listed "OutRunners" on their July 1, 1993 issue as being the most-successful upright arcade unit of the year.


WQBR (FM)

WQBR (99.9 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a Country/Americana music format. Licensed to Avis, Pennsylvania, United States, the station serves the Williamsport/Lock Haven/State College area, airing over substantial areas of Clinton, Lycoming and Centre Counties in Central Pennsylvania. Before the State College Arbitron ratings no longer were unavailable, the Bear was the only station that showed in both rating books. The area between Williamsport and State College is the defining line between the influence of Pittsburgh to the west, and Philadelphia to the east; no station had ever bridged those markets.
The station is owned by Maximum Impact Communications, Inc. and features news programming from AP Radio, some satellite music programming from the New Hit Country channel from Westwood One, and over 60 hours a week of local Americana music programming. In addition, the stations broadcast local Jersey Shore High School football and a complete schedule of sports from nearby Lock Haven University.
Located in McElhattan for 24 years, station ownership decided to move into their city of license, purchasing an old church building that had been abandoned in 2011, located at 103 West Highland Street in Avis. The newly renovated studios for WQBR-FM and their companion magazines, Good News and Pawsitively Pets, known as the Church of Country and Americana, opened for business in August, 2017. - mere months before the 25th anniversary of their sign-on - November 1, 1993.
The new studios include space for live performances and executive offices for employees, the social media center for the corporation (including the Bear Country Podcast Network) and our 501(c)(3) non-profit, the Bear Country Christmas Wish.
History.
The station went on the air as WHUM on October 19, 1990. On January 6, 1993, the station changed its call sign to WDKK. On October 26, 1993, it changed to the current WQBR.


James M. Day

James M. Day is an American game designer best known for military based board games, computer games, card games, and miniature rules. He is also an accomplished historian and military weaponry subject matter expert.
His first published title was the board game "Panzer" from Yaquinto Publications in 1979. This was followed shortly by the board games "88" and "Armor" from the same publisher.
Wrapped around 25 years as a healthcare administrator and IT director, from 1990 through 1995, Day was a game designer and producer for MicroProse Software. During his stint, he was responsible for the games "Gunship 2000", "", "F-15 Strike Eagle III", and "Across the Rhine".
During the next several years, Day continued to contribute to a number of game and historical publications, as well as designed the board games "MBT" and "IDF" for the Avalon Hill Company and wrote the user manual for "Jane's F/A-18".
Day returned to his original interest in miniatures designing the "Panzer Miniatures Rules" for StrikeNet Games. The card game "The Kaiser’s Pirates" was published in 2007 for StrikeNet Games—included in "Games Magazine's" top 100 for 2008. "The Kaiser's Pirates" was re-published by GMT Games in 2009. It was nominated for a Charles S. Roberts award in 2010.
The World War II tactical combat board game "Panzer" was published in 2012 by GMT Games. It was nominated for a Charles S. Roberts award in 2013.
It was followed by two expansion sets in 2012, ' and '. The third expansion set followed in 2014, "." Panzer Expansion #1 was nominated for a Charles S. Roberts award in 2013. The fourth expansion, "" is scheduled to be released in 2018.
Day went in a different direction designing the American Civil War tactical naval game "Iron & Oak". It was published in 2013 by GMT Games.
Day designed a new version of the modern tactical combat board game "MBT" in 2016; its two companion expansions "FRG" and "BAOR" are scheduled to be released in 2018 by GMT Games.


Helen Lee (American fashion designer)

Helen Lee Caldwell (died March 13, 1991) was an American fashion designer of children's clothes. She founded her own label, Designs by Helen Lee Inc., in 1955.
Biography.
She was born in Knoxville, Tennessee. She studied at University of Tennessee before moving to New York City and studying at the Art Students League of New York and at the Traphagen School of Fashion (class of 1926, Costume Design).
She worked as a fashion designer for Youngland Inc., Sears, Roebuck & Company, Saks Fifth Avenue, Alyssa and her own company, Designs by Helen Lee Inc., creating clothes for boys and girls.
She won the main fashion prizes: in 1953 she won the Coty Award for her “"significant influences in the development of good taste and charm in children’s fashion"” and she received the Neiman Marcus Fashion Award in 1958. She was also the winner of the Etherl Traphagen Award in 1970. She created many patterns for McCall's.
She retired in the late 1970s. She died on March 13, 1991 in Knoxville, Tennessee.


John Scott Tynes

John Scott Tynes (born 1971) is an American writer best known for his work on role-playing games such as "Unknown Armies", "Delta Green", "Puppetland", and for his company, Tynes Cowan Corporation. Under its imprint, Pagan Publishing, Tynes Cowan Corp. produces third-party books for the "Call of Cthulhu" role-playing game under license from Chaosium as well as fiction and non-fiction books under its imprint, Armitage House.
Career.
John Tynes founded Pagan Publishing in 1990 at the age of 19 in Columbia, Missouri with a volunteer staff. Tynes founded Pagan's "The Unspeakable Oath" magazine. Dennis Detwiller got in touch with Tynes after seeing an issue of "The Unspeakable Oath", and then started volunteering with the company. Tynes designed the board game "Creatures & Cultists". In May 1994, Tynes took a job with Wizards of the Coast, working under the new Wizards RPG department lead, Jonathan Tweet. Tynes was the first content lead on the "" trading card game. Tynes decided to move Pagan Publishing to Seattle that year, and the company became incorporated. After the move many of the projects Tynes envisioned for the company materialized. In June 1995, Tynes resigned from Wizards of the Coast, disliking their new corporate ideals of branding, and briefly moved on to Daedalus Games. Daedalus hired him as their RPG line editor. With Dennis Detwiller and Adam Scott Glancy, Tynes developed the "Delta Green" (1996) supplement to "Call of Cthulhu"; they expanded their setting in 1999 with "Delta Green: Countdown". Tynes continued to work for Daedalus Games until they ceased production in 1997.
Tynes met Greg Stolze while they were working on "Wildest Dreams" (1993), a supplement for "Over the Edge". Stolze and Tynes co-designed the role-playing game "Unknown Armies"; Stolze helped write the mechanics for the game which Tynes had been developing for a few years. Although Atlas Games expressed interest in "Unknown Armies", Tynes decided to go with Archon Games, but Tynes and Stolze learned that founder Lisa Manns was shutting down Archon and she returned the rights to them. They sought a new publisher, and Atlas Games published the game in January 1999. Atlas officially brought Tynes on as a line editor for "Unknown Armies" in 1999.
Tynes designed "Puppetland" (1999) for Hogshead Publishing. Tynes and Robin Laws wrote a new version of the "Feng Shui" role-playing game for Atlas Games, published in 1999. Tynes was the original line editor for "Feng Shui". Tynes wrote the adventure "Three Days to Kill" (2000) for the Atlas d20 brand, Penumbra, and the adventure was the first printed d20 product ever offered for sale. Tynes designed the board game "The Hills Rise Wild!"
On January 1, 2001, Tynes announced to his partners that he was leaving the role-playing game industry, expecting to be done with the field by 2002, and Adam Scott Glancy was named the new president of Pagan. Wizards of the Coast contacted him with an offer to write the background material for the d20 version of "Call of Cthulhu", which he accepted, and he produced the material with the help of writers from Pagan. The book was completed in 2002.
Following the end of "Unknown Armies" in 2003, Tynes withdrew from the tabletop gaming industry in order to pursue other interests, particularly film and video games. He was the producer of "Pirates of the Burning Sea", a massively multiplayer online role-playing game developed by Flying Lab Software, and published in 2008 by Sony Online Entertainment. After its launch, he joined Microsoft Game Studios to work on various Xbox Live Arcade titles including "South Park Let's Go Tower Defense Play!", "Toy Soldiers", and "Full House Poker" as a producer and game designer.
Tynes has written about games for "Salon", "The Escapist", "Pyramid", "X360 UK", and "The Stranger".


Hundred Flowers Award for Best Art Direction

The Hundred Flowers Award for Best Art Direction was first awarded by the China Film Association in 1962.


Helen David

Helen David is an English fashion designer and artist working in London, with an interest in both local and global culture.
Early life and education.
Helen David was born in Brighton, East Sussex, but moved to London soon after completing her A-levels. She gained a first-class honours degree at Camberwell College of Arts, where she studied textiles and fine art print-making. She then went on to study fashion as a post-graduate at Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design. In this time Helen developed a keen interest in London Underground culture of the 80's, as such she spent time in places such as the Blitz Club, where the New Romantic styling that she is well known for was born.
Career.
In 1983 David founded the design label English Eccentrics along with her sister, Judy Purbeck, and fellow designer, Claire Angel. The fashion house specialised in hand-printed and hand-embroidered evening wear and scarves. As a part of the global extension of London fashion Helen took part in "London Goes to Tokyo" event organised by Susanne Bartsch, a show intended to broaden the reach of British designers. She has also designed hosiery for Sophie Mirman's "Sock Shop", under the English Eccentrics name. Whilst developing English Eccentrics, in 2001 she took time away from the business to concentrate full-time on art. 'Friends and Icons' was David's first one-woman art exhibition, curated by Laura Parker-Bowles.
After a time in the arts David returned to reestablishing her attention to English Eccentrics in 2006. She now works out of a studio in Kings Cross, London, creating both fashion and art based on various subject matters.
David's fashion/textile work is now part of permanent collections at the Victoria and Albert Museum, the Museum of London and the Art Institute of Chicago.


Amrit Pritam

Amrit Pritam is an Indian sound designer who works closely with Resul Pookutty. Amrit was born in Jorhat, Assam, and is presently based in Mumbai. He is a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
Early life.
Amrit Pritam was born on 4 November 1975 in Jorhat town of Assam.


Phalanx (art group)

Phalanx was an association of artists formed in Munich in 1901.
Background.
The Phalanx group were opposed to old fashioned and conservative viewpoints in art. Founding members were Wassily Kandinsky, Rolf Niczky, Waldemar Hecker, and Wilhelm Hüsgen. Kandinsky was elected president of the association and also became the director of the Phalanx School of Painting.
The group lasted two years closing in 1903 and broke up in 1904.
Characteristics.
The group organized twelve exhibitions between 1901 and 1904 which in addition to those of its members, featured works by Claude Monet, Jugendstil (Art Nouveau) artists, Symbolists and Post-Impressionist artists Paul Signac, Félix Vallotton and Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec.
Phalanx members.
Phalanx was where Kandinsky met Gabriele Münter, an art student at the school. She was to become his pupil, intimate companion, and critic until they separated in 1914.


Howard Thompson (wargame designer)

Howard M. Thompson is an American wargame designer and founder of Metagaming Concepts. His first game was "Stellar Conquest", a popular and well-designed simulation of interstellar warfare.
Thompson is most famous for his idea to publish small, low-cost games in what came to be known as the MicroGame format. For a while, Metagaming dominated this niche wargaming market.
Career.
Howard Thompson founded Metagaming Concepts in 1975 to publish his game "Stellar Conquest" when no one was interested in publishing the game. Thompson, as the first editor of "The Space Gamer" magazine, stated "The magazine had been planned for after our third or fourth game but circumstances demand we do it now." In 1976, Thompson published "Godsfire", designed by Lynn Willis and developed by Steve Jackson. In 1977, Thompson came up with the concept of the MicroGame, the first of which was "Ogre".
In the early 1980s, some speculate that the company started to run into financial trouble, partially because of the generally poor economic situation at that time, and because of the split with one of his main game designers, Steve Jackson. Thompson was not satisfied with the work done on "The Fantasy Trip" by Jackson, stating that it was too complex and had taken too long. Thompson decided that packaging the game in a box would be too expensive, so he split the product into four books, publishing them indidivually in 1980 as "Advanced Melee", "Advanced Wizard", "In the Labyrinth", and "Tollenkar's Lair"; while the game was being prepared, Thompson also changed his production methods and thus Jackson was no longer able to check the final proofs of the game as he had on earlier releases. As a result of these actions, Jackson left Metagaming and founded Steve Jackson Games later that year. Jackson bought "The Space Gamer" from Metagaming, and sold the rights to "The Fantasy Trip" to Metagaming. However, Thompson sought legal action against SJG for the rights to a short wargame called "One-Page Bulge", and the lawsuit was settled with an agreement that was reached on November 26, 1981 which gave Jackson full rights to "One-Page Bulge", and to "Ogre" and "G.E.V." (whose ownership was questioned during the legal proceedings). In the first SJG issue of "The Space Gamer", Thompson wrote a report on Metagaming and stated "Metagaming's staff won't miss the effort. After the change in ownership Metagaming feels comfortable with the decision; it was the right thing to do."
Thompson wrote MicroQuest #3 "Treasure of the Silver Dragon" (1980) and MicroQuest #6 "Treasure of Unicorn Gold" (1981) for "The Fantasy Trip" and marketed each of them linked to a real treasure hunt where readers could find out the clues in the books and receive $10,000 from Metagaming. Looking to produce more group-oriented products for "The Fantasy Trip", Thompson signed an agreement in 1982 with RPG publisher Gamelords to create a campaign world for the game, but only two campaign books were published.
On 1 January 1982, Thompson created Games Research Group, Inc., which was initially part of Metagaming. On April 16, 1982, Thompson let his two wargame designers go, allowing them to work as freelancers for Games Research Group instead of working as employees. In April 1983, Metagaming ceased operations and Thompson left the industry; Steve Jackson tried to purchase "The Fantasy Trip" from Thompson, but Jackson declined the offered price of $250,000. Thompson promised to return to the field to produce computer games, but by 1984 he stopped returning phone calls and has subsequently disappeared entirely from the gaming community.
Illustrations.
Thompson also provided illustrations for two of his company's games, "Helltank" and "Monsters! Monsters!"


Lee Brimmicombe-Wood

Lee Brimmicombe-Wood (born 7 December 1963 in London) is a British designer of board games and video games. He also wrote .


Java Business Integration

Java Business Integration (JBI) is a specification developed under the Java Community Process (JCP) for an approach to implementing a service-oriented architecture (SOA). The JCP reference is JSR 208 for JBI 1.0 and JSR 312 for JBI 2.0. JSR 312 was removed from the JCP balloting process on 17 Dec, 2010 by the submitters without being accepted.
JBI is built on a Web Services model and provides a pluggable architecture for a container that hosts service producer and consumer components. Services connect to the container via binding components (BC) or can be hosted inside the container as part of a service engine (SE). The services model used is Web Services Description Language 2.0. The central message delivery mechanism, the normalized message router (NMR), delivers normalized messages via one of four Message Exchange Patterns (MEPs), taken from WSDL 2.0:
To handle functionality that deals with installation, deployment, monitoring and lifecycle concerns amongst BCs and SEs, Java Management Extensions (JMX) is used. JBI defines standardized packaging for BCs and SEs, allowing components to be portable to any JBI implementation without modification.
JBI defines standard packaging for composite applications: applications that are composed of service consumers and providers. Individual service units are deployable to components; groups of service units are gathered together into a service assembly. The service assembly includes metadata for "wiring" the service units together (associating service providers and consumers), as well as wiring service units to external services. This provides a simple mechanism for performing composite application assembly using services.
JBI implementations.
The following open-source software JBI based ESB implementations are available:
The following ESBs are certified by the JBI/JSR 208 TCK: Open ESB and Petals ESB.
In addition, the Project GlassFish open-source Java EE application server comes with the JBI runtime from the Open ESB project.
Java EE SDK also includes the JBI runtime and a BPEL orchestration engine.
Oracle claims its Fusion Middleware comes with JBI implementation.
TIBCO ActiveMatrix Service Grid provides a service container framework, based on the JSR 208 and SCA specifications (Service Component Architecture), allowing service containers (Java, Java EE, .net, BPEL) to be added as needed, as composite applications on a common foundation.
Existing JBI Components.
The Open JBI Components project on java.net is an incubator project started to foster community-based development of JBI components that conform to the Java Business Integration specification (JSR 208).


Jasper Bisbee

Jasper E. "Jep" Bisbee (29 July 1843 – 10 August 1935) was an American old-time musician. Bisbee was one of the few oldtime musicians, who recorded for Edison Records recordings and one of the first rural musicians who ever produced a record.
Childhood.
Jasper Bisbee was born in 1843 in Ossian, New York as the youngest son of Alanson and Mary C. (Bagley) Bisbee. In 1858 the family moved to Ionia County, Michigan, where they lived on a farm where the young Bisbee helped. During this time he also developed his interest in music.
Later life and career.
During the American Civil War, Bisbee moved around with a show in which he played the drum. After the war, from 1869 to 1918, Bisbee often changed his profession - music in his life but always present, thus earning himself something he probably took from time to time even the biggest part of his income.
Only after 80 years of career as a recording artist began Bisbees. On 28 November 1923 Thomas Edison, founder of Edison Records invited Bisbee, his son, Earl and his daughter Beulah into the Edison studio, where on the first day with Earl (bass) and Beulah (piano) recorded a few songs, but were not published. On the second day Bisbee was accompanied only by his daughter. Together they played Opera Reel, The Devil's Dream, Money Musk with Variations, The Girl I Left Behind Me, McDonald's Reel and College Hornpipe. Bisbee required for each piece three takes, so alone on the second day were 18 bands together. For a man of his age was certainly a remarkable achievement - Thomas Edison later said that Bisbee made the most shots in one day for Edison, although this is doubtful.
In February 1924, Edison published The Devil's Dream, which sold very well. The Opera Reel also showed good sales figures, so the other pieces were published. Still, it was Bisbees single session, which is probably due to his advanced age at that time. His last appearance was in 1935 shortly before his death at a church festival, shortly after the appearance Bisbee suffered one heart attack and a brain hemorrhage. He was taken to the local hospital, where he died from the effects at the age of 92 years. Bisbee is buried in Michigan.


Aiga Rasch

Aiga Rasch (9 July 1941 – 24 December 2009) was a German illustrator, graphic artist and painter.
Life.
Family provenance and childhood.
Aiga Rasch was born in Stuttgart during the first part of the Second World War. Bodo Rasch (1903–1995), her father, was, like her younger brother, Mahmoud Bodo Rasch, an avant-garde architect. Her mother, Lilo Rasch-Naegele (1914–1978), was an internationally established fashion photographer and illustrator, and a member of the artists' group around Willi Baumeister.
She turned to painting as a small child since, during the years of austerity that followed the end of the War, there were no toys available: instead, her mother gave her a brush and palette even when the tubes of paint were too hard for the child's fingers to control with any precision. She grew up living in the family house her parents built after 1945 on the edge of the Schönbuch parkland to the south-west of Stuttgart, initially planning to become a writer. She enjoyed her education at the "Friedensschule" (literally: "Peace School") in Stuttgart, where school meals came from the kitchens of the American army, Stuttgart having ended up under US military control at the end of the war. She later recalled that the resulting school food was "healthier than it tasted" ("gesünder als sie schmeckt"). Shortly before taking her school leaving exams ("Abitur") she entered a novel writing competition organised by the publishers, Kosmos Verlag. Her submission included her own illustrations. This gave her the opportunity to submit an embryonic "portfolio" to the publishing house, for which her mother already worked as a free-lance illustrator. For Aigo Rasch that novel writing competition marked the start of what later became a long and successful collaborative relationship with Kosmos.
Career choices.
After successfully negotiating her school leaving exams she transferred to the University of Tübingen where her studies covered German studies, Philosophy and Psychology. She was keen to avoid competing professionally with her mother, and there was talk of a possible career as a journalist. During the summer vacation she volunteered for work with the works newspaper of the where her talent as an illustrator was (re)discovered. In 1961 she abandoned her studies and embarked on the first of her two marriages.
In 1962 she attended a preparatory course intended to lead to her acceptance as a student at the State Academy of Fine Arts in Stuttgart, but she very soon abandoned the idea. A teacher criticised her work because it was too similar to that produced by her mother: he recommended that she would progress better as a "self-taught" artist and she now followed this advice, with positive results. She herself later observed that, at least when starting out, being the daughter of Lilo Rasch-Naegele was both a help and a hindrance.
Career.
In 1963 Rasch launched herself as a freelance graphic artist. Although she had no trouble passing the exams needed to gain membership of the State Academy of Fine Arts in Stuttgart, she had received no formal artistic training, a more striking paradox in Germany than in those countries where non-vocational degrees are relatively "normal". Instead of artistic training, she had her family tradition. Her grandfather had specialised in producing paintings of flowers, and she had learned enough from her mother's professional career to be able to get a job. She joined the magazine and learned the business from the head of page layout. Between 1969 and 1980 she was a member of the West German : during her last four years with the BDG she served as a member of its executive. On returning from a year abroad, in 1982 she became a member of the Stuttgart and in 1986 she returned to the BDG, that year being elected chair of its Baden-Württemberg regional group. On the national level, between 1988 and 1990 she was an honorary BDG vice-president.
Rasch spent 1980 in Colorado learning Zen meditation with Gia-Fu Feng, Tai chi and a little Kung fu, all of which greatly changed her life and her way of working: she switched to watercolor painting and reduced the extent of her focus on designing book-covers. After 1992 the computer became her principal work tool.
The "three questions marks" logo.
Aiga Rasch became well known, above all, because of the title pages of the children's book series "Die drei ???" ("The three question marks": known for English-language readers as the "Three Investigators" series ). The first volumes were translated into German from American-English, and later achieved the cult status which in Germany they retain today partly because of the cover-pages. The designs are distinctive and unmistakable.
Rasch had worked for the publishers, Kosmos Verlag as a freelance contributor since 1962, providing illustrations for children's and young people's books. In 1969 she came across the first two volumes in the new series, "" ("The Secret of Terror Castle") and "Die flüsternde Mumie" ("The whispering Mummy") – based on Alfred Hitchcock films – with dust jackets by , and she questioned their impact. She did not think they stood out particularly. She submitted alternative cover designs of her own, but these were met with initial suspicion. She then suggested to the publishers that if they used her proposal, and it failed to gain traction in the shops, she would forego her fee for the design. The initial response remained negative, but eventually they were persuaded to let her provide a design for the cover page of the third volume in the series.
In 1970 she presented her cover page proposal for the third volume, "Flucht des Rubins", as a collage using just red, white and black. She later switched to a full-colour design, eventually switching to using the then new felt pens. The protagonists in the stories never featured in the title images, which was explained as an artistic device that would permit readers to develop their own mental images.
Although the American series on which the German one was originally based originally ran to only 43 books, in Germany the "Die drei ???" series achieved a momentum which enabled Kosmos to produce 89 of the between 1970 and 1999, and they all came with covers designed by Aiga Rasch. Her contribution included 16 redesigned cover for new editions of previously published books. After she retired, Rasch worked again for Kosmos from 2006, producing more book cover designs, some now reworked digitally.
Rasch's cover designs were not restricted to books. After 1979 her "Three question marks" cover designs were also used for "Talking Books" issued under the Europa label. Including re-issues and talking books, publications featuring Aiga Rasch's cover designs have appeared on more than 30 million published copies in Germany alone. Her "Three question marks" cover-logo was also incorporated in designs used in China, Greece and Russia.


Jeff Mackintosh

Jeffrey Ian "Jeff" Mackintosh (January 22, 1971 – September 24, 2016) was a game designer who worked primarily on role-playing games.
Early life.
Jeffrey Ian Mackintosh was born in 1971, the son of Ian and Dorothy Mackintosh.
Career.
Jeff Mackintosh joined the "Big Eyes, Small Mouth" team at Guardians of Order in late 1999, and did the full color layouts for the second edition (2000) of the core rules. Guardians' super-hero RPG, "Silver Age Sentinels" (2002), was written by Mark C. MacKinnon, Mackintosh and Jesse Scoble. Graphic designer Adam Jury took over work on the licensed "BESM" books from Mackintosh in 2002.
Jeff Mackintosh died from glioblastoma multiforme on September 24, 2016.


D-Fuse AV

D-Fuse are a London-based audiovisual artist collective, who use emerging creative technologies to explore social and environmental issues.
Background.
Founded in the mid 1990s by Michael Faulkner, the group's diverse creative backgrounds combine in a cross-disciplinary practice, including live multi-screen audio-visual performances, experimental documentary, photography, and temporary architectural installations. Since the mid 1990s, the line up has included Stuart Gill, Ian Masters (Pale Saints), Joanna Buick, Andy Stiff, Axel Stockburger, Matthias Kispert, Barney Steel, and Toby Harris.
Widely recognised as pioneers of VJ culture, D-Fuse edited the book "VJ: Audiovisual Art + VJ Culture" in 2006. Their current practice includes live multi-screen audio-visual performances, experimental documentary, HD shorts, and the temporary architecture of installations. Now at the forefront of the emerging genre of Live Cinema, the key relationship between sound and image underpins all of D-Fuse's work.
Sound Director Matthias Kispert composes soundscapes from field recordings, electromagnetic interferences and different musical cultures, building a material link between the sounds of everyday life and D-Fuse's visual work.
D-Fuse's urban investigations are inspired by psychogeography, and aim to highlight some of the social and environmental conflicts that arise in living spaces shared by a large number of people, while also leaving room for the personal and emotive aspects of life in the city. The video "Brilliant City [2004]" and the live cinema performances "Latitude [2007]", "Particle [2009]", and "Endless Cities" [ongoing] all present different views of contemporary metropolises and the population shifts and spatial transformations that are taking place there.
A collaborative ethos is central to D-Fuse's practice, and has led to joint projects with musicians and artists from the electronic to the classical. Among them are Beck, Scanner, Burnt Friedman and Swayzak, as well as the contemporary classical composer Steve Reich with The London Symphony Orchestra, and the Italian classical ensemble Alter Ego.
Whilst working primarily as audio visual artists on self initiated projects, D-Fuse have also led commercial projects for Apple, Sony, BMW, Nokia, and DoCoMo, including commercials, online and mobile content, performances and installations.
D-Fuse work with live music and art institutions around the world, incl. BFI and The V&A Museum (London), Sonar (Barcelona), onedotzero festivals, Mori Arts Center (Tokyo), San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, TriBeca Film Festival (New York City), Sundance Film Festival, LA Film Festival, Eyebeam (New York City), Barbican (London), ISEA (Belfast), Nokia Labs (St Petersburg and Moscow), Ars Electronica (Linz), Rotterdam, Seoul and Milan Film Festivals, Lisbon Biennale, Valencia Biennale, MU Gallery (Eindhoven), Get It Louder (China), The Big Chill Festival (London), FILE (São Paulo), ON_OFF (São Paulo), German Gymnasium (London), Leeds and Reading Music Festivals, Edinburgh International Film Festival, Live Earth, Kinetica Art Fair, CineCity (Brighton), Lovebytes (Sheffield), MIC Toi Rerehiko (Auckland), CynetArt (Dresden), Cimatics Festival (Brussels), International Short Film Festival (Rio de Janeiro), Freewaves (Los Angeles), Icebox (Cape Town), Hipersonica (São Paulo), Duolun Museum of Modern Art (Shanghai), Plasma (Florence), Lothringer Dreizehn (Munich).
Releases.
DVD VIDEO
D-Fuse vs Nonplace (2002) Nowonmedia - Japan
D-Fuse Retrospective 2000-2003 (2003) Gas - Japan
D-Tonate_00 (2003) Nowonmedia - Japan
D-Tonate_00 (2004) onedotzero - UK
DVD AUDIO/DVD VIDEO
Beck "Guero" - Interscope (2005)
BOOKS
VJ: Audiovisual Art and VJ Culture - Laurence King
Compilations.
Endeka: Fluid onedotzero_select DVD1 (2003) onedotzero
Sprawl Mix: Si-{cut}.db and Bittonic Mixmasters - Episode 4 / The Audiovisual Sessions (2004) Moonshine - US
Data_Flow: L'Usine Microscope Session DVD 2.0 - New Cooperations in Sound and Visuals (2005) DS-X.org - Germany
Light Turned Down: Scanner, Experimenta 01: Burnt Friedman Gas TV-05 Moving Image of London (2005) Gas - Japan
Xenon: Ben Sheppee - D-Fuse remix Lightrhythm Visuals - Singles 06-10 (2004) Lightrhythmvisuals
Hidden Partition (2005) Lightrhythmvisuals
Data_Flow: L'Usine [Version] Reline 2 (2006) Microcinema - US


Dillard Chandler

Dillard Chandler (April 16, 1907 – January 24, 1992) was an American Appalachian Folk singer from Madison County, North Carolina. His a cappella performances on compilation albums were recorded by folklorist and musicologist John Cohen.
Early life.
Chandler grew up in an old log cabin in the isolated mountain community of Sodom, North Carolina. This section of the North Carolina mountains is particularly rich in ballads, and noted folklorist Cecil Sharp transcribed several "Old World" ballads sung to him by several of Chandler's relatives in 1916. Chandler described the hills he lived in as being too rugged for a car to access. Often, his walk to school would be made impossible by footlogs being washed away by a creek. Chandler said that as soon as he became old enough, he left school to work in the logging industry. He was illiterate.
Recordings.
During the American folk music revival in the 1960s, John Cohen traveled to Western North Carolina to research and record traditional ballad singers. "Old Love Songs & Ballads from the Big Laurel, North Carolina" and "" are compilation albums of these recordings.
The subject matter of the traditional songs is often dark; there are themes of murder, revenge, infidelity, and abandoned children. The origin of Chandler's songs range from 16th century Spanish ballads, to a tale of a hanging in nearby Burnsville, to a prison song from Gastonia. Allmusic writes that Chandler sings with "deft precision, often with the song's strong sexual undercurrents intact".
"The New York Times" describes "Dark Holler" as "traditional songs about love and murder usually traceable to England, a century or more before, but sung in a style rooted in the region: the singers all stretch out, irregularly, on vowels of their choosing, and add upturned yips to the end of stanzas".
Singing style.
Chandler knew hundreds of songs that were shared in the community and passed on through generations. He was a cousin of fellow Madison County singers Lloyd Chandler, Dellie Chandler Norton and members of the Wallin Family. He describes how singing was part of his community in the liner notes to "Dark Holler:"
The first singing that I ever heard was old-timey meeting songs, and these old songs like I sing, and these frolics where they get together and pick and sing and drink a little. Maybe a "lassie makin'," or maybe a corn shuckin', maybe a gallon hid in the corn pile. They'd go ahead an' shuck into that—pick the banjo, have a dance. The only kind of music I know anything about is old ballads—just learning songs from somebody else that I've heard sing 'em.
Cohen noted how Chandler's vocals are reflective of the Appalachian idiosyncratic style of "extended phrasing", and ending lines with a falsetto "yip". British Folklorist Cecil Sharp wrote in his research of Appalachian singers:
The habit of dwelling arbitrarily upon certain notes of the melody, generally the weaker accents. This practice, which is almost universal, by disguising the rhythm and breaking up the monotonous regularity of the phrases, produces an effect of improvisation and freedom from rule with is very pleasing.
Influence.
According to Cohen, in 1969 Bob Dylan knew Chandler's singing, despite the fact that "Old Love Songs & Ballads" had sold only fifty copies at the time. Dylan had a copy of the album.
Appalachian author and musician Sheila Kay Adams said of Chandler, "Dillard was kind of an anomaly; he was caught in between worlds. He was a wonderful singer. Now, his voice was odd, and I think that it was from Dillard that I learned that weird phrasing that is so common to these love songs, that sets them apart."
Chandler's version of "I Wish My Baby Was Born" has been covered by Uncle Tupelo, Tim Eriksen, Riley Baugus and Tim O'Brien (for the "Cold Mountain" soundtrack), and The Be Good Tanyas.
Documentary.
Cohen created a short documentary film entitled "The End of an Old Song" that features Chandler's hardscrabble lifestyle. Chandler is shown in his primitive mountain cabin, and also in a trip to town to socialize at a diner. Cohen briefly interviews Chandler, and in response to a question about the last time he had been in love, the reply is:
Well, I ain't been in love for 10 or 15 years. There ain't much to that. When I want a woman, I go to town and fetch one up and bring her out here a couple of nights and send her back and that's that.
Cohen's motivation in making the film was to debunk stereotypes of Appalachian folksingers being merely the preservers of traditional British ballads, with few modern influences or styles. He wrote in the liner notes, "With the example of Dillard in mind, I could envision ballad singers as impure—rich with contradictions and a new vitality, which could propel the songs to future generations." He believed that while Chandler was raised in a strong Old World ballad tradition, much of his work bore more resemblance to the struggles of modern life than to Old World storytelling.
A bonus DVD of the documentary is included in the packaging of "Dark Holler".
Later life.
Residents in his native Madison County described Chandler as a "mysterious man" who "didn't live in one specific place, but would just show up from time to time". Unlike many such folk singers discovered during the folk revival of the 1960s, Chandler rarely performed at festivals or on radio. Travel arrangements were made for Chandler to play the 1967 Newport Folk Festival, but he did not make the trip. The 1967 University of Chicago Folk Festival saw Chandler's only visit outside the mountains. His performance was marked by his shy and eccentric mannerisms, as he rocked back and forth and sung facing the side of the stage.
Chandler spent time working in Asheville, and was "remembered as a man who loved to sing".
Notes and references.


Scott Murphy (video game designer)

Scott Murphy (born October 13, 1954) is an American video game designer, programmer, and writer who developed several adventure games, mostly for Sierra On-Line. He is best known for creating the "Space Quest" series, mostly with his fellow "Guy from Andromeda", Mark Crowe.
Biography.
Murphy started out in Sierra's hometown of Oakhurst, California by cooking at a local restaurant. When his friend Doug Oldfield joined Sierra, Murphy discovered his love for adventure games and soon joined the company himself. Murphy worked his way up from customer support to actually working on games. He first worked with Mark Crowe on "The Black Cauldron". Crowe was the Art Director for the game when Murphy was added as a programmer. Murphy slowly became the only programmer on the project: "I put in a lot of free time over a summer spending nights out at his house debugging Black Cauldron. And then I ended up being the only one working on it. After a while, Ken and Al Lowe bailed out on me. So I got Black Cauldron shipping, and I was hooked."
During the development of "The Black Cauldron", Murphy and Crowe discovered their mutual fondness for science fiction. Eventually, they created a four-room concept to propose to Sierra founder Ken Williams that would eventually become the beginning scenes of "Space Quest". First released in 1986, "Space Quest" was a quick hit among adventure game fans and Murphy worked with Crowe to develop another three games, ending with "Space Quest IV" in 1991. During this time, Murphy also worked on games from other series, including "King's Quest", "EcoQuest", and "Police Quest". After "Space Quest IV", Crowe moved to work at Eugene, Oregon, home of Sierra subsidiary Dynamix, where he developed "Space Quest V" without Murphy's input. "Space Quest" returned to Murphy after Sierra came to him with a "Space Quest 6" that had been started by Josh Mandel before he was ejected from the project. In 1997, Murphy began work on a proposed "Space Quest 7", which was shelved and restarted several times until Sierra finally closed down its Oakhurst facility on February 22, 1999, in a layoff called "Chainsaw Monday" by Murphy. Murphy had been fired a month and a half prior, and as he had no formal education beyond high school, took up odd jobs and eventually moved to Alabama to support his mother.
In 2012, Murphy and Crowe came back together, and were joined by Chris Pope to start their own company called Guys from Andromeda. Following a successful Kickstarter campaign, they began work on a project called "SpaceVenture" as a spiritual successor to the "Space Quest" series.


The Stars Art Group

The Stars Art Group or simply "The Stars" (Xīngxīng 星星) was a Chinese avant-garde group of non-professional artists in the late 1970s and early 1980s (the exact interval usually given as 1979 to 1983). It was founded by Ma Desheng and Huang Rui and included Wang Keping (王克平), Qu Leilei, Ah Cheng, Ai Weiwei, and Li Shuang (artist) as the only female member. A historically significant exhibition, now called the Star Art Exhibition, took place in late 1979 in Beihai Park, Beijing, outside the China Art Gallery. After the exhibition was closed by officials, the group staged a protest for cultural openness. They succeeded in reopening the exhibition. Around and after 1983, the group disbanded, partly due to their members going into exile under political pressure, especially the Anti-Spiritual Pollution Campaign of 1983.
The Stars Art Group was a foundational movement of the contemporary Chinese avant-garde active in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Mostly self-trained, the Stars championed individualism and freedom of expression both in their work and public activities. Taking personal experience and social issues as their subject matter, they pointedly diverged from state-sanctioned Socialist Realism. The group's member artists also included affiliates Zhang Hongtu and Zhang Wei, Yan Li, Yang Yiping, Qu Leilei, Mao Lizi, Bo Yun, Zhong Ahcheng, Shao Fei.


Elizabeth Shaw (artist)

Elizabeth Shaw (4 May 1920 – 27 June 1992) was an Irish artist, illustrator and children's book author.
Life and work.
Elizabeth Shaw was born in Belfast, Ireland in 1920. In 1933, she moved to England with her family. From 1938 to 1940, she studied under Henry Moore and Graham Sutherland at the Chelsea College of Art and Design in London. In 1940, she contributed to the war effort by working as a mechanic until 1944, when she married Swiss-born sculptor and painter René Graetz. In 1946, they moved to Berlin-Zehlendorf, Germany.
In Berlin, she first worked for the satirical journal, "Ulenspiegel". After it folded, she worked for the satirical magazine "Eulenspiegel". In 1950, she began to also draw caricatures for "Neues Deutschland". In 1959, she created lithographic portraits of 43 members of the Akademie der Künste in Berlin. She illustrated stories by Bertolt Brecht and wrote and illustrated her own children's books. She also illustrated books by James Krüss, Gerhard Holtz-Baumert, Heinz Kahlau and Rainer Kirsch. Shaw died 1992 in Berlin-Pankow.
Awards and honours.
Shaw received a number of awards for her work, including the Art Prize of the German Democratic Republic, the Hans Baltzer Prize, the Leipzig Gutenberg Prize and the Käthe Kollwitz Prize from the Akademie der Künste Berlin.
A primary school in Berlin-Pankow is named after Shaw.


Allen Eldridge

Allen D. Eldridge is a game designer who has worked primarily on board games.
Career.
Allen Eldridge met Stephen Cole at a local game club in Amarillo, Texas, and joined Cole at his company JP Productions a few years after he founded it in 1973. Cole and Eldridge decided to close down JP in November 1976, and the company shut down in spring of 1977. In the fall of 1978, Cole and Eldridge co-founded Task Force Games which they used to sell only to wholesalers and retailers and not to individuals. After Eldridge got a line on inexpensive boxes, Task Force was able to release "Star Fleet Battles" in a regular-sized and boxed second edition. After Cole left Task Force in 1983 to form his new company, the Amarillo Design Bureau, Eldridge stayed with Task Force. In April 1988, Eldridge sold Task Force Games to New World Computing.


Giuseppe Rovani

Giuseppe Rovani (12 January 1818–26 January 1874) was an Italian novelist and essayist.
Rovani was born in Milan. He was known for criticism of historical novels of the Romantic style, which were popular in Italy at the time and whose stereotypes and old fashioned plots he pointed out. He wrote "Lamberto Malatesta "(1843), "Valenzia Candiano "(1843) and" Manfredo Pallavicino "(1845-1846). He took part in the Italian Risorgimento and was a forerunner of the Milanese Scapigliatura.
In 1959 he was part of a consortium of writers who co-edited the newspaper Gazzetta di Milano.
His masterwork is the novel "Cento Anni" (1859-1864) which, together with Ippolito Nievo's "Confessioni di un italiano", had an important impact on the evolution of Italian literature.
Rovani died in Milan in 1874. His body was embalmed by Paolo Gorini and was buried in the Cimitero Monumentale di Milano.


Deanne Cheuk

Deanne Cheuk is an illustrator, designer, art director and artist. She was born in Perth, Western Australia, and currently resides in New York City.
Cheuk was labeled one of 34 "Young Guns" under the age of 30 by The Art Directors Club NY, one of "20 under 30" by "Print" magazine and one of "The best people of 2004" by "Time" magazine.
She is a contributor to "Nippon Vogue", and "Dazed & Confused" magazine. Her work has been commissioned by numerous magazines including "Nylon", "BlackBook", "The Fader", "Flaunt" and "The New York Times Magazine", She has art directed and designed numerous magazines including "Tokion".
Her work has been commissioned by such companies as Nike, Converse, Sprint, Target Corp, The Gap and MTV2.
As an art director and illustrator, Cheuk pioneered the use of illustrative typography in magazine design. Her often copied style of watercolor titles and hand drawn letterforms can be attributed to her background in illustration and her experiments with psychedelic art.
She is renowned for her self-published graphic 'zine of inspiration called "Neomu"— which she funds and donates the proceeds from to charities worldwide. "Neomu" has been described as the smallest magazine in the world and was the first publication of its kind to feature no words and only images from contributors.
2005 saw the release of her first book called "Mushroom Girls Virus".
Cheuk served on the Board of the New York Chapter of the AIGA from 2008–2010. She is one of the founding members of the Transitionist art movement.


Yew Piney Mountain

"Yew Piney Mountain" is part of the canonical Appalachian music tradition which has been highly influential in American fiddle tradition generally, including its old time fiddle and bluegrass fiddle branches. According to Alan Jabbour at the Digital Library of Appalachia, the tune was called "Blackberry Blossom" until that title was taken over by a different tune. The earlier "Blackberry Blossom", as played by Sanford Kelly from Morgan County, is now represented by the tune "Yew Piney Mountain".
Differing from Jabbour, however, another influential secondary source, Andrew Kuntz's "Fiddler's Companion", asserts that the tunes are related. Contradicting Jabbour, who clearly distinguishes the earlier version, is the account of Andrew Kuntz to the effect that "Betty Vornbrock and others have noted a similarity between 'Garfield’s Blackberry Blossom' and the West Virginia tune 'Yew Piney Mountain', a variant...also played by Kentucky fiddlers J.P. Fraley and Santford Kelly".
Culture: history and influence.
According to Andy Kurtz, similarities between an unspecified variant of "Blackberry Blossom", which may be the different song identified by Jabbour as today's "Yew Piney Mountain", were acknowledged in the literature. Betty Vornbrock and others have noted a similarity between "Garfield’s Blackberry Blossom" and the West Virginia tune "Yew Piney Mountain," a variant. Whichever version that overlap refers to, it was reportedly also played by the well known Kentucky fiddler J.P. Fraley and the more obscure Owen "Snake" Chapman, as well as by Santford Kelly and others.
The tune is such a solid exemplar of Americana that it is the title of a radio show, "Yew Piney Mountain", which airs on Wednesdays from 6-7 pm CST on KRUI, 89.7 FM in Iowa City, Iowa. It is also the name of a Smithsonian Folkways compilation.


Michel Proulx

Michel Proulx is a Genie Award winning production designer and art director. He earned a Genie Award for Best Achievement in Art Direction/Production Design for "The Rocket". He was previously nominated five times for Genie Awards, among other nominations.


John Shaffner

John Shaffner (born 1952) is an Emmy Award-winning American production designer and art director. He has worked on 44 different television series as well as 68 pilots.
Early life.
Shaffner was born in Missoula, Montana. His mother worked for a television station in Cleveland, Ohio in the 1940s. Shaffner has an undergraduate degree in fine arts from University of Montana and a MFA from Carnegie Mellon University.
Career.
Shaffner and his life partner Joe Stewart also work together, including at the outset of their television careers when they designed the set for "Star Search". He designed the talk show stages for Ellen DeGeneres, Conan O’Brien, Rachel Ray, and Dr. Phil. He has also built the backdrops for the last three Republican National Conventions.
He designed the set of "Friends", "Golden Girls, Two and a Half Men", "The Big Bang Theory," "Roseanne", and "Dharma and Greg".
Shaffner served as chairman of the Television Academy and of the Art Directors Council at the Art Directors Guild.
Awards.
Shaffner has been nominated for 31 Emmy awards and won four, including three for his work on the CBS series "The Magic of David Copperfield."
Shaffner was nominated 33 times by the Art Directors Guild, and won Art Directors Guild Awards for the designs of the 2006 Emmy Awards and "The Big Bang Theory".
In 2019, Shaffner and Stewart were awarded Honorary Doctor of Fine Art Degrees from Carnegie Mellon University.
In 2002, Shaffner won the award he sponsors from the University of Montana and now and serves on the college's advisory council.
Personal.
Shaffner lives with Joe Stewart in Los Angeles, California. They sponsor the annual gala University of Montana "Odyssey of the Stars" celebrating College of Visual and Performing Arts alumni, and fundraises for scholarships.


Mel Bourne

Mel Bourne (November 22, 1923 – January 14, 2003) was an American production designer and art director. He was nominated for three Academy Awards in the category Best Art Direction. He was born Melvin B. Bornstein in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Frieda and Max Bornstein.
Family.
Bourne married actress Sarah Marshall June 13, 1952. They had one child, Timothy Bourne, and they divorced in 1957.
Selected filmography.
Bourne was nominated for three Academy Awards for Best Art Direction:


Marta Kwiatkowska

Marta Zofia Kwiatkowska is a Polish theoretical computer scientist based in the United Kingdom.
Kwiatkowska is Professor of Computing Systems in the Department of Computer Science at the University of Oxford, England, and a Fellow of Trinity College, Oxford. Her research focuses on developing modelling and automated verification techniques for computing systems in order to guarantee safe, secure, reliable, timely and resource-efficient operation.
Education.
Kwiatkowska received her Bachelor of Science and Master of Science degrees in Computer Science with distinction summa cum laude from Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Poland. She obtained her PhD in Computer Science from the University of Leicester in 1989.
Career and research.
After obtaining her PhD, Kwiatkowska was assistant professor at Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland (1980–1988); research scholar and lecturer in Computer Science at University of Leicester (1984–1994); and lecturer in Computer Science, reader in Semantics for Concurrency, and professor of Computer Science at University of Birmingham (1984–2007). Joining the University of Oxford in 2007, Kwiatkowska was the first female professor in the Department of Computer Science and now heads the Automated Verification research theme.
Kwiatkowska’s research develops models and analysis methods for complex systems, as found in computer networks, biological organisms and electronic devices. Kwiatkowska led development of the PRISM probabilistic model checker; PRISM has been downloaded over 79,000 times and there are over 400 papers by external research teams using PRISM (as at January 2021).
Instrumental in the development of probabilistic and quantitative methods in verification on the international scene, Kwiatkowska’s recent work incorporates synthesis from quantitative specifications with a focus on safety and robustness for machine learning and AI. A member of the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence (GPAI) 'Responsible AI Working Group', and the Royal Society's 'Digital Technology and the Planet Working Group', Kwiatkowska advocates responsible adoption of trustworthy AI.
As a senior member of OxWoCS, contributor to the Perspektywy Women in Tech Summit and adviser to the Suffrage Science Award (2016), Kwiatkowska encourages women to pursue careers in science.
Kwiatkowska serves on the editorial boards of Information and Computation, Formal Methods in System Design, Logical Methods in Computer Science, Science of Computer Programming and the Royal Society's Open Science.
Awards and honours.
Kwiatkowska was awarded an Honorary Doctorate at the KTH Royal Institute of Technology in 2014, and is Fellow of ACM, Fellow of EATCS, Fellow of the BCS, a member of Academia Europea, and Fellow of Polish Society of Arts & Sciences Abroad.
Personal life.
Kwiatkowska lives in Oxford with her husband, with whom she has a daughter.


Milton Bradley

Milton Bradley (November 8, 1836 – May 30, 1911) was an American business magnate, game pioneer and publisher, credited by many with launching the board game industry, with his eponymous enterprise, which was purchased by Hasbro in 1984, and folded in 1998.
Biography.
Born in Vienna, Maine, in 1836, to Lewis and Fannie (Lyford) Bradley, Bradley grew up in a working class household. The family moved to Lowell, Massachusetts, in 1847. After completing high school in 1854, he found work as a draftsman and patent agent before enrolling at the Lawrence Scientific School in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He was unable to finish his studies after moving with his family to Hartford, Connecticut, where he could not find gainful employment. In 1856, Bradley moved to Springfield, Massachusetts, where he worked as a mechanical draftsman.
In 1859, Bradley went to Providence, Rhode Island, to learn lithography; and, in 1860, he set up the first color lithography shop in Springfield, Massachusetts. He moved forward with an idea he had for a board game which he called "The Checkered Game of Life", an early version of what later became "The Game of Life".
The Milton Bradley Company.
Bradley's ventures into the production of board games began with a large failure in his lithograph business. When he printed and sold an image of the little-known Republican presidential nominee Abraham Lincoln, Bradley initially met with great success. But a customer demanded his money back because the picture was not an accurate representation—Lincoln had decided to grow his distinctive beard after Bradley's print was published. Suddenly, the prints were worthless, and Bradley burned those remaining in his possession. Looking for a lucrative alternate project, Bradley found inspiration from an imported board game a friend gave him, concluding that he could produce and market a similar game to American consumers. In the winter of 1860, Bradley released "The Checkered Game of Life".
The game proved an instant success. Bradley personally sold his first run of several hundred copies in a two-day visit to New York; by 1861, consumers had bought more than 45,000 copies. "The Checkered Game of Life" followed a structure similar to its American and British predecessors, with players spinning a teetotum to advance to squares representing social virtues and vices, such as "influence" or "poverty", with the former earning a player points and the latter retarding his progress. But even the most seemingly secure positions, like "Fat Office", held dangers – "Prison", "Ruin", and "Suicide". The first player to accumulate 100 points won the game.
While the structure of play in "The Checkered Game of Life" differed little from previous board games, Bradley's game embraced a radically different concept of success. Earlier games, such as the popular "Mansion of Happiness" created in Puritan Massachusetts, focused entirely on promoting moral virtue. Bradley defined success in secular business terms, depicting life as a quest for accomplishment with personal virtues as a means to that end. This complemented America's burgeoning fascination with obtaining wealth, and with "the causal relationship between character and wealth," in the years following the Civil War. The game—and later board games produced by the Milton Bradley Company—also fit the nation's increasing amount of leisure time, leading to great financial success for the company.
From 1860 through the 20th century, the company he founded, Milton Bradley Company, dominated the production of American games, including "The Game of Life", "Easy Money", "Candy Land", "Operation", and "Battleship". The company was a subsidiary of Pawtucket, Rhode Island–based firm Hasbro from acquisition in 1984 to shutdown in 1998. MB merged with Parker Brothers in 1998 to form Hasbro Games. The two became brands of Hasbro until 2009 when they were retired in favor of the parent company's name and the Milton Bradley name was retired after 149 years.
Late career.
Bradley published tracts and pamphlets on Friedrich Fröbel's kindergarten system. His company produced two magazines, "Kindergarten News" (later "Kindergarten Review"), and "Work and Play." Neither was profitable, and Bradley's business partners withdrew their support, but Bradley persevered, publishing both magazines until the end of his life. His friend George Tapley bought out the partner's shares so that Bradley could continue manufacturing educational materials.
By the 1890s, the Milton Bradley Company had introduced the first standardized watercolor sets, and educational games such as "Bradley's Word Builder" and "Bradley's Sentence Builder". Bradley was also the first to release crayon packages with standardized colors, a forerunner of the Binney & Smith company's "Crayola" crayons and "Artista" art supplies. Bradley's interest in art education also led him to produce a new color wheel and publish four books about teaching colors.
Personal life.
In 1860, Bradley married Vilona Eaton. They had no children. She died in 1867. In 1869, he married his second wife, Nellie Thayer. Bradley and Ellen had two daughters.
Milton Bradley died on May 30, 1911, in Springfield, Massachusetts, at age 74. He was buried in Springfield Cemetery in a family plot alongside his father Lewis (1810–1890), his mother Fanny (1813–1872), and his first wife Vilona. His second wife Nellie was buried there after her death in 1918.
In 2004, he was posthumously inducted into the Toy Industry Hall of Fame along with George Ditomassi of Milton Bradley Company.
In 2006, Bradley was posthumously inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame.
References in contemporary culture.
The story of Milton Bradley and The Checkered Game of Life is featured as one of the segments in Season 3, Episode 6 of Comedy Central's show "Drunk History".


Michael Uschold

Michael F. Uschold (born 1955) is an American computer scientist, Artificial Intelligence researcher, and consultant, known for his work on knowledge representation and ontology.
Biography.
Uschold received his BA in Mathematics and Physics in 1977 from the Canisius College, his MS in Computer Science in 1981 from Rutgers University, and his PhD in Artificial Intelligence in 1991 from the University of Edinburgh.
In 1983 Uschold joined the faculty of the University of Edinburgh, Department of Artificial Intelligence as researcher and lecturer, and later moved to its Artificial Intelligence Applications Institute. In 1997 he left the academic world and became Research Scientist at Boeing Phantom Works, a division of The Boeing Company, specialized in advanced prototyping. In 2007 he became Senior Ontologist in a computer science consultancy firm, in 2009 he started as independent consultant, and since 2010 participates in a management consultancy firm.
Uschold's research interests and expertise is in the field of "Software concept design and architecture; Facilitation, Analysis & Modeling; Asking probing question, getting to the heart of the matter; Communication of complex information in simple terms. Writing, speaking, presenting; Constructive reviewing and critiquing; and Semantic technology."
Selected publications.
Papers and articles, a selection:


Zee Cine Award for Best Costume Design

The Zee Cine Award Best Costume Design is a technical award.
The winners are listed below:-


Lucy, Lady Duff-Gordon

Lucy Christiana, Lady Duff-Gordon (née Sutherland; 13 June 1863 – 20 April 1935) was a leading British fashion designer in the late 19th and early 20th centuries who worked under the professional name Lucile.
The first British-based designer to achieve international acclaim, Lucy Duff-Gordon was a widely acknowledged innovator in couture styles as well as in fashion industry public relations. In addition to originating the "mannequin parade", a precursor to the modern fashion show, and training the first professional models, she launched slit skirts and low necklines, popularized less restrictive corsets, and promoted alluring and pared-down lingerie.
Opening branches of her London house, Lucile Ltd, in Chicago, New York City, and Paris, her business became the first global couture brand, dressing a trend-setting clientele of royalty, nobility, and stage and film personalities. Duff-Gordon is also remembered as a survivor of the sinking of the RMS "Titanic" in 1912, and as the losing party in the precedent-setting 1917 contract law case of "Wood v. Lucy, Lady Duff-Gordon", in which Judge Benjamin N. Cardozo wrote the opinion for New York's highest court, the New York Court of Appeals, upholding a contract between Duff-Gordon and her advertising agent that assigned the agent the sole right to market her name. It was the first case of its kind, clothes labelled and sold at a lowered cost in a cheaper market under an expensive "brand name".
Early life.
The daughter of civil engineer Douglas Sutherland (1838–1865) and his Anglo-French-Canadian wife Elinor Saunders (1841–1937), Lucy Christiana Sutherland was born in London, England, and raised in Guelph, Ontario, Canada, after her father's death from typhoid fever. When her mother remarried in 1871 to the bachelor David Kennedy (d. 1889), Lucy moved with them and her sister, the future novelist Elinor Glyn, to Saint Helier on the Isle of Jersey. Lucy acquired her love of fashion through dressing her collection of dolls, by studying gowns worn by women in family paintings, and by later making clothes for herself and Elinor. Returning to Jersey, after a visit to relatives in England in 1875, Lucy and Elinor survived the wreck of their ship when it ran aground in a gale.
Marriage and family.
In 1884, Lucy married for the first time, to James Stuart Wallace, with whom she had a child, Esme (1885–1973; later wife of the 2nd Earl of Halsbury and mother of Anthony, 3rd Earl of Halsbury). Wallace was an alcoholic and regularly unfaithful, and Lucy sought consolation in love affairs, including a long relationship with the famous surgeon Sir Morell Mackenzie. The Wallaces separated circa 1890, and Lucy started divorce proceedings in 1893. In 1900, Lucy Sutherland Wallace married a Scottish baronet, landowner and sportsman Sir Cosmo Duff-Gordon.
Fashion career.
In order to support herself and her daughter after the end of her first marriage, Lucy Duff-Gordon began working as a dressmaker from home. In 1893, she opened Maison Lucile at 24 Old Burlington St., in the heart of the fashionable West End of London, having worked for a year previously from her mother's flat at 25 Davies Street. In 1897, Lucy Duff-Gordon opened a larger shop at 17 Hanover Square, Westminster, before a further move (c. 1903–04) to 14 George Street, Oxford. In 1903, the business was incorporated as "Lucile Ltd" and the following year moved to 23 Hanover Square, where it operated for the next 20 years. Duff Gordon was eventually bankrupted after she revealed in the American press that she was not designing much of the clothing that was attributed to her name. She spent her later years selling imported clothing and smaller collections in a succession of unsuccessful small 'boutiques'.
Lucile Ltd served a wealthy clientele including aristocracy, royalty, and theatre stars. The business expanded, with salons opening in New York City in 1910, Paris in 1911, and Chicago in 1915, making it the first leading couture house with full-scale branches in three countries.
Lucile was most famous for its lingerie, tea gowns, and evening wear. Its luxuriously layered and draped garments in soft fabrics of blended pastel colours, often accentuated with sprays of hand-made silk flowers, became its hallmark. However, Lucile also offered simple, smart tailored suits and daywear. The dress illustrated at right typifies the classically draped style often found in Lucile designs. Lucy Duff-Gordon originally designed it in Paris, for Lucile Ltd's spring 1913 collection, and later specially adapted it for London socialite Heather Firbank and other well-known clients, including actress Kitty Gordon and dancer Lydia Kyasht of the Ballets Russes. The example illustrated was worn by Miss Firbank and is preserved in the Victoria and Albert Museum.
Lucy Duff-Gordon is also widely credited with training the first professional fashion models (called "mannequins") as well as staging the first runway or "catwalk" style shows. These affairs were theatrically inspired, invitation-only, tea-time presentations, complete with a stage, curtains, mood-setting lighting, music from a string band, souvenir gifts, and programmes.
Another innovation in the presentation of her collections was what she called her "emotional gowns". These dresses were given descriptive names, influenced by literature, history, popular culture and her interest in the psychology and personality of her clients.
Some well-known clients, whose clothing influenced many when it appeared in early films, on stage, and in the press, included: Irene Castle, Lily Elsie, Gertie Millar, Gaby Deslys, Billie Burke, and Mary Pickford. Lucile costumed numerous theatrical productions, including the London première of Franz Lehár's operetta "The Merry Widow" (1907), the "Ziegfeld Follies" revues on Broadway (1915–21), and the D. W. Griffith silent movie "Way Down East" (1920). Lucile creations were also frequently featured in Pathé and Gaumont newsreels of the 1910s and 20s, and Lucy Duff-Gordon appeared in her own weekly spot in the British newsreel "Around the Town" (c. 1919–21).
Early Lucile Ltd sketches, archived at the Victoria and Albert Museum, provide evidence that in 1904 the salon employed at least one sketch artist to record Lucy Duff-Gordon's designs for in-house use. As demands grew on her time, especially in the United States during World War I, she was aided by sketch artists Robert Kalloch, Roger Bealle, Gilbert Clarke, Howard Greer, Shirley Barker, Travis Banton, and Edward Molyneux, who created ideas based on the "Lucile look". In her memoir, Lucy Duff-Gordon credited her corps of assistants for their contributions to the success of the New York branch of Lucile Ltd. Many of these assistants' drawings were published in the press and signed "Lucile", though occasionally the signature of the artist, such as Molyneux, appeared. It was general practice for couture houses to use professional artists to execute drawings of designs as they were being created, as well as of the artist's own ideas for each season's output and for individual clients. These drawings were overseen by Lucy Duff-Gordon, who often critiqued them, adding notes, instructions, dates, and sometimes her own signature or initials, indicating she approved the design.
Like many couturiers, Lucy Duff-Gordon designed principally on the human form. Her surviving personal sketchbooks indicate her limited technical ability as a sketch artist, but a skill at recording colour. Surviving Lucile Ltd sketches reveal numerous artists of varying talent levels, and these are often mis-attributed to herself. Howard Greer admitted in his autobiography that the sketches he and his colleagues executed were often confused interpretations of the Lucile style that did not match their employer's vision. Moreover, he claimed customers were not always pleased by the actual dresses created from the sketches he and the other assistants submitted.
Unprecedented for a leading couturière, Lucy Duff-Gordon promoted her collections journalistically. In addition to a weekly syndicated fashion page for the Hearst newspaper syndicate (1910–22), she wrote monthly columns for "Harper's Bazaar" and "Good Housekeeping" (1912–22). A Hearst writer ghost wrote the newspaper page after 1918, but the designer herself penned the "Good Housekeeping" and "Harper's Bazaar" features throughout their duration, although the responsibility of producing a regular piece proved difficult, and she missed several deadlines. Lucile fashions also appeared regularly in "Vogue", "Femina", "Les Modes", "L'art et la Mode", and other leading fashion magazines (1910–22). Along with Hearst publications, Lucile contributed to "Vanity Fair", "Dress", "The Illustrated London News", "The London Magazine", "Pearson's Magazine", and "Munsey's".
In addition to her career as a couturière, costumier, journalist, and pundit, Lucy Duff-Gordon took significant advantage of opportunities for commercial endorsement, lending her name to advertising for brassieres, perfume, shoes, and other luxury apparel and beauty items. Among the most adventurous of her licensing ventures were a two-season, lower-priced, mail-order fashion line for Sears, Roebuck & Co. (1916–17), which promoted her clothing in special de luxe catalogues, and a contract to design interiors for limousines and town cars for the Chalmers Motor Co., later Chrysler Corporation (1917).
RMS "Titanic".
In 1912, Lucy Duff-Gordon travelled to America on business in connection with the New York branch of Lucile Ltd. She and her husband, Sir Cosmo, booked first class passage on the ocean liner under the alias "Mr. and Mrs. Morgan". Her secretary, Laura Mabel Francatelli, nicknamed "Franks", accompanied the couple.
On 14 April, at 11:40 pm the "Titanic" struck an iceberg and began to sink. During the evacuation, the Duff-Gordons and Francatelli escaped in Lifeboat No. 1. Although the boat was designed to hold 40 people, it was lowered with only 12 people aboard, seven of them male crew members.
Some time after the "Titanic" sank, while afloat in Lifeboat No. 1, Lucy Duff-Gordon reportedly commented to her secretary, "There is your beautiful nightdress gone." A fireman, annoyed by her comment, replied that while the couple could replace their property, he and the other crew members had lost everything in the sinking. Sir Cosmo then offered each of the men £5 (equivalent to £ in ) to aid them until they received new assignments. While on the RMS "Carpathia", the Cunard liner that rescued "Titanic"'s survivors, Sir Cosmo presented the men from Lifeboat No. 1 with cheques drawn on his bank, Coutts. This action later spawned gossip that the Duff-Gordons had bribed their lifeboat's crew not to return to save swimmers out of fear the vessel would be swamped.
These rumours were fuelled by the tabloid press in the United States and, eventually, in the United Kingdom. On 17 May, Sir Cosmo Duff-Gordon testified at the London hearings of the British Board of Trade inquiry into the disaster. On 20 May, Lady Duff-Gordon took the stand. The couple's testimony attracted the largest crowds during the inquiry.
While Sir Cosmo faced tough criticism during cross-examination, his wife had it slightly easier. Dressed in black, with a large, veiled hat, she told the court she remembered little about what happened in the lifeboat on the night of the sinking, due to seasickness, and she could not recall specific conversations. Lawyers did not seem to have pressed her very hard. Lucy Duff-Gordon noted that for the rest of her husband's life he was brokenhearted over the negative coverage by the “yellow press", during his cross-examination at the inquiry. The final report by the inquiry determined that the Duff-Gordons did not deter the crew from any attempt at rescue through bribery or any other method of coercion.
In 2012 a box of documents and letters concerning the Titanic sinking belonging to the Duff-Gordons was rediscovered at the London office of Veale Wasbrough Vizards, the legal firm that merged with Tweedies, which had represented the couple. Among the papers was an inventory of the possessions Lucy Duff Gordon had lost, the total value listed as £3,208 3s 6d. One letter detailed what she wore when leaving the ship: two dressing gowns "for warmth", a muff, and her "motor hat". (A faded grey silk kimono with typical Fortuny-style black cord edging, for some time thought to have been worn by her that night, is now understood to have belonged to her daughter Esme, Countess of Halsbury, as its distinctive print dates the item to post World War I.) An apron said to have been worn by Francatelli can be seen at the Maritime Museum in Liverpool, and her life-jacket was sold, along with correspondence about her experiences in the disaster, at Christie's auction house, London, in 2007.
In popular culture.
The "Titanic" episode is one of the most prominent aspects of Lucy Duff-Gordon's life, thanks partly to motion pictures. The films, however, portrayed her without great attention to accuracy. She has been portrayed by Harriette Johns in "A Night to Remember" (1958); by Rosalind Ayres in James Cameron's epic "Titanic" (1997); and by Sylvestra Le Touzel in the British miniseries "Titanic" (2012). She is also a key character in the novel "The Dressmaker", by Kate Alcott, which portrays both the sinking of the Titanic and the negative publicity that followed for the Duff-Gordons.
RMS "Lusitania".
Lucy Duff-Gordon had another close call three years after surviving the "Titanic", when she booked passage aboard the final voyage of the RMS "Lusitania". It was reported in the press that she cancelled her trip due to illness. The "Lusitania" was sunk by a German torpedo on 7 May 1915.
"Wood v. Lucy, Lady Duff-Gordon".
In 1917, Lucy Duff-Gordon lost the New York Court of Appeals case of "Wood v. Lucy, Lady Duff-Gordon", in which Judge Benjamin N. Cardozo established precedent in the realm of contract law when he held the designer to a contract that assigned the sole right to market her professional name to her advertising agent, Otis F. Wood, despite the fact that the contract lacked explicit consideration for her promise. Cardozo noted that, "A promise may be lacking, and yet the whole writing may be 'instinct with an obligation'" and, if so, "there is a contract." 222 N.Y. 88, 118 N.E. 214 (1917).
Cardozo famously opened the opinion with the following description of the designer:
Although the term "creator of fashions" was part of the tagline in 'Lucile's' columns for the Hearst papers, some observers have claimed that Cardozo's tone revealed a certain disdain for her position in the world of fashion. Others accept that he was merely echoing language used by the defendant in her own submissions to the court as well as in her publicity.
Later life.
Lucy Duff-Gordon's connection to her design empire began to disintegrate following a restructuring of Lucile, Ltd in 1918–19. An acrimonious battle emerged in the press, culminating in her public acknowledgement that many Lucile dresses were not designed by her. Lucy Duff-Gordon's autobiography acknowledges that this had been the case since at least 1911.
By September 1922, she had ceased designing for the company, which effectively closed. A completely new 'Lucile' was formed, using the same premises in Paris, and different designs, but it gradually failed. Meanwhile, its founder (who continued to be known as 'Lucile') worked from private premises designing personally for individual clients. She was briefly associated with the firm of Reville, Ltd., maintained a ready-to-wear shop of her own and lent her name to a wholesale operation in America.
Lucy Duff-Gordon also continued as a fashion columnist and critic after her design career ended, contributing to London's "Daily Sketch" and "Daily Express" (1922–1930), and she penned her best-selling autobiography "Discretions and Indiscretions" (1932).
Death.
Lady Duff-Gordon died of breast cancer, complicated by pneumonia, in a Putney, London nursing home in 1935, aged 71. The date of her death, 20 April, was the fourth anniversary of her husband's death.
Legacy.
In addition to her mark on culture, history, and the law, there has been a resurgence of interest in her work as a designer. She originated the fashion component of her sister Elinor Glyn's 'It girl' concept.
Exhibitions.
A number of international museum exhibitions have featured Lucile garments in recent years, such as:


Ward Preston

William Ward Preston (April 20, 1932 – January 17, 2016) was an American production designer and art director. He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Art Direction for the film "The Towering Inferno".


Gerard J. Holzmann

Gerard J. Holzmann (born 1951) is a Dutch-American computer scientist and researcher at Bell Labs and NASA, best known as the developer of the SPIN model checker.
Biography.
Holzmann was born in Amsterdam, Netherlands and received an Engineer's degree in Electrical Engineering from the Delft University of Technology in 1976. He subsequently also received his PhD degree from Delft University in 1979 under W.L. van der Poel and J.L. de Kroes with a thesis entitled "Coordination problems in multiprocessing systems". After receiving a Fulbright Scholar he was post-graduate student at the University of Southern California for another year, where he worked with Per Brinch Hansen.
In 1980 he started at Bell Labs in Murray Hill for a year. Back in the Netherlands he was Assistant Professor at the Delft University of Technology for two years. In 1983 he returned to Bell Labs where he worked in the Computing Science Research Center (the former Unix research group). In 2003 he joined NASA, where he leads the NASA JPL "Laboratory for Reliable Software" in Pasadena, California and is a JPL fellow.
In 1981 Holzmann was awarded the Prof. Bahler Prize by the , the Software System Award (for Spin) in 2001 by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), the Paris Kanellakis Theory and Practice Award in 2005, and the NASA Exceptional Engineering Achievement Medal in October 2012. Holzmann was elected to the US National Academy of Engineering in 2005. In 2011 he was inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery. In 2015 he was awarded the IEEE Harlan D. Mills Award.
Work.
Holzmann is known for the development of the SPIN model checker (SPIN is short for "Simple Promela Interpreter") in the 1980s at Bell Labs. This device can verify the correctness of concurrent software, since 1991 freely available.
Books.
Publications, a selection: