Long Ya Men

Long Ya Men (; Malay: "Batu Berlayar") or Dragon's Teeth Gate, is the name Chinese explorer Wang Dayuan recorded for "Batu Belayar", a craggy granite outcrop that formerly stood at the gateway to Keppel Harbour in Singapore. In his description, “The strait runs between the two hills of the Danmaxi (Temasek) natives which looked like dragon’s teeth.” From there, the name Long Ya Men or Dragon Teeth’s Gate was born.
The rocky outcrop served as navigational aids to ancient mariners sailing through the swift waters of the narrow channel between them, but was subsequently destroyed by the British in 1848 to widen the channel for larger vessels to sail through. In 2005, a symbolic replica was erected by the Singapore government near its original site to mark the role it played in Singapore's maritime history.
Long Ya Men was documented in Wang Dayuan's travelogue "Daoyi Zhilüe" as one of the two settlements of Temasek. It was marked in the Mao Kun navigational map historical maritime annal "Wubei Zhi" said to date from the voyages of Ming dynasty's Admiral Zheng He. Long Ya Men in the map was also used to refer to the strait between Sentosa island and Labrador Point, and named after a pinnacle of stone that was called Batu Berlayar, which means "Sail Rock" in Malay. Another suggestion is that it refers to the Singapore Main Strait south of Pulau Satumu. The Long Ya Men's unique features was said to have assisted Zheng He in navigating the waters around Singapore during his seven maritime voyages to the west between 1405 and 1433 AD.
History.
Historically the rocky outcrop was known locally by the Malays in earlier times as "Batu Berlayar" ("Sailing Rock") near the present site of Labrador Park, off Pasir Panjang Road. Another rock outcrop used to stand on the opposite shore of Tanjong Rimau on Sentosa Island. These two rock outcrops once formed a gateway at the western entrance to Keppel Harbour. British sailors named the more prominent Batu Berlayar, "Lot's Wife" in reference to the biblical story of the wife of Abraham's nephew. She was transformed into a pillar of salt when she disobeyed divine orders not to look back at the destruction of Sodom while fleeing from the city. It is argued that the two rocky outcrops are the two hills of Temasek named in Yuan sources as Long Ya Men (Dragon's Teeth Gate) since they resembled two dragon's teeth between which a passage of water runs. Another name "Ling Ya Men" () is recorded in the Song dynasty work "Zhu Fan Zhi", however it is usually considered to be a different place.
It was recorded that during the Yuan dynasty, envoys were sent to "Long Ya Men" in 1320 to obtain tame elephants. The people of "Long Ya Men" then returned in 1325 with a tribute and trade mission to China. In around 1330, the traveller Wang Dayuan was said to have sailed through this passageway. In his travelogue "Daoyi Zhilüe", he recorded that "Long Ya Men" was the two hills of Temasek between which a strait runs, and it was so called because the two hills looked like "Dragon's teeth". Wang described the people of "Long Ya Men" as being prone to acts of piracy, and that while the natives traded with Chinese from Quanzhou, Chinese junks on their way back from the Western Oceans (西洋) may be met by pirates there who attacked with two to three hundred perahus (boats). He mentioned that in olden times a chief there found a jewelled head-dress while digging in the ground, and that "the beginning of the year is calculated from the [first] rising of the moon, when the chief put on this head-gear and wore his [ceremonial] dress". He also said the natives would "gather their hair into a chignon, and wear short cotton bajus girded about with black cotton sarongs". The description of the people may be the first known record of the Orang Laut who inhabited the region. A different settlement called "Ban Zu" (班卒), described as being located on a hill behind "Long Ya Men", is thought to be a transcription of the Malay "Pancur" and may be today's Fort Canning Hill.
The Keppel passageway was used by Asian and early European sailors and traders for hundreds of years to sail past Singapore. Between 1405 and 1433, Zheng He made seven voyages to more than 30 countries, travelling in fleets of up to 300 ships to the South Pacific, Indian Ocean, Persian Gulf and Africa. The admiral travelled on the order of the Chinese Emperor to establish trade relations with countries west of China. He is believed to have sailed through the waters off Labrador Park, though whether he landed in Singapore is uncertain. In the 17th century, the passageway was abandoned in favour of the wider and more open Main Straits, that lies south of Pulau Satamu, where Raffles Lighthouse stands today.
Sir Stamford Raffles of the British East India Company did not know of the "Lot's Wife", or the deep water harbour it led to when he landed in Singapore in January 1819. William Farquhar, the first British Resident and Commandant of Singapore, wrote to Raffles on 2 September 1819 that he had founded a new harbour west of the settlement. The two rock outcrops were subsequently blown up by the Straits Settlements Surveyor, John Thomson, in August 1848 to widen the entrance to the new harbour.
Commemoration.
In July 2005, a 6m high stone replica of Long Ya Men was put up near its original site by a joint collaboration involving the Singapore Tourism Board, the Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore and the National Parks Board. This was part of a three-month-long celebration of the 600th anniversary of Zheng He's maiden voyage, which began in Nanjing, China. A storyboard telling Long Ya Men's significance to Singapore and Zheng He's story, was also put up next to the replica.
The authorities had initially planned for the replica to replace the red Berlayer Beacon, but the Singapore Heritage Society was against the decision, saying the beacon was itself a heritage site and should not be destroyed because the beacon has been at Labrador Park since the end of World War II. The replica was finally built just meters away from the beacon. The authorities hope the symbolic replica can serve to preserve the memory of Long Ya Men, which is an important part of Singapore's maritime history, for future generations and visitors familiar with the historical voyages of Zheng He.


Puerto Princesa Cathedral

The Puerto Princesa Cathedral (), also known as the Immaculate Conception Cathedral Parish (Filipino: ), is a Roman Catholic cathedral in the city of Puerto Princesa, Palawan in western Philippines. It is in the Neo-Gothic architectural tradition and is the mother church of the Apostolic Vicariate of Puerto Princesa which covers the municipalities of Palawan west of Puerto Princesa City. It is located at the border of Barangay Matiyaga Poblacion and Liwanag Poblacion, near the Port of Puerto Princesa. At 118° east longitude, it is the westernmost cathedral in the country.
History.
The first mass in Puerto Princesa, initially a barrio, was held at the site of the present cathedral on March 10, 1872 by the Augustinian Recollect Fray Ezequiél Moreno (now a saint), six days after the Spanish expedition arrived in the area. Subsequently, Moreno established the town and its parish mission under the patronage of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary.
 During World War II, on December 14, 1944, the parish witnessed the Palawan massacre at the adjacent Plaza Cuartel where more or less 150 American soldiers were burned by the Imperial Japanese forces.
The church has been rebuilt several times since its establishment, wherein the present structure took almost a century before it was completed in 1961 to serve as a cathedral of the then Palawan Apostolic Vicariate under the helm of Most Rev. Gregorio I. Espiga. The facade and interior are reminiscent of the architecture of churches in Medieval Europe.
On December 8, 2014, on the cathedral's patronal feast day, the NHCP unveiled a historical marker of Saint Ezequiél Moreno, underlining his contribution to the founding of the city. At present, the cathedral and the Rizal Park at its front, is usually included in the itinerary of city tour packages around Puerto Princesa, including, but not limited to Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm, Palawan Heritage Center, Palawan Butterfly Ecological Garden and Tribal Village, and Palawan Wildlife Rescue and Conservation Center (Crocodile Farm).


Assaat

Assaat Datuk Mudo (18 September 1904 – 16 June 1976), known as Mr. Assaat, was born in Banuhampu, Agam, West Sumatera, Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia). He was the only President of the Yogyakarta-based Republic of Indonesia before it became the part of the United States of Indonesia, and was in office from December 1949 until August 1950. He and a number of Indonesia founders, fought for the independence of Indonesia from the Dutch.
Education.
His early education was in Islamic schools and Dutch schools in Indonesia. He studied Islam in Adabiah, Padang and also in MULO (""). And next to" School tot Opleiding van Inlandsche Artsen "in Batavia (now in Jakarta). He completed his education in the Netherlands school with the title" Meester in de Rechten "(Bachelor of Law)".
Political Activities.
His activities as a politician started in Jong Sumatranen Bond. Afterwards, he joined "Perhimpunan Pemuda Indonesia". While in the "Rechts Hoge School" his professors disliked Assat's political activities and Assaat failed his exams. He then joined the Indonesia Party (Partindo) with Adnan Kapau Gani, Adam Malik, and Amir Sjarifoeddin. After Indonesian independence, he was elected as head of the Central Indonesian National Committee (KNIP) until Sukarno was captured by the Dutch. Assaat was named President of the Provisional Government of Indonesia until Sukarno's return. In December 1948, the Dutch launched their second "Police Action" and focused their attack on Yogyakarta. Assaat was captured by the Dutch army and sent to exile on Bangka Island along with other nationalist leaders.
After his release, he moved to Jakarta where he became a member of the Provisional People's Representative Council. During Natsir's prime ministership, Assaat was appointed the Minister of Home Affairs. During his time as an influential figure in Indonesian politics Assaat became known for his extremist views against the ethnic Chinese minority of Indonesia. A movement called the "Assaat Movement" began calling for the expulsion of Chinese from Indonesia. On 19 March 1956, during an opening speech for the National Congress of Indonesian Importers Assaat stated "The Chinese as an exclusive group refuse other group to enter, specially in the economy. They were so exclusive that in their practice they become monopolistic." and called for the government to create legislation that would economically benefit the 'pribumi' (non-Chinese Indonesian). In 1959, a presidential decree (PP 10 1959) came into effect. The decree stated that all 'Foreign citizens' in rural areas were to be forcibly 'relocated' to urban areas. The decree oversaw an exodus of a large population of ethnic Chinese (that had been in Indonesia for generations) out of Indonesia.
During the late 1950s, Assaat began to openly criticize Sukarno before moving to his home island of Sumatera to join a short-lived, CIA-backed rebellion of junior officers of the Indonesian army which had called itself the Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia. Once the rebels were defeated, Assaat was captured, labelled a traitor and jailed for his involvement.


Kushalgarh

Kushalgarh is a town and municipality in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It is located in the Banswara District approximately 65 km south of the city of Banswara.
Kushalgarh was also the name of an Indian Princely State that existed in the same area until 1949.
Geography.
Kushalgarh is located at 23.17° N 74.45° E. It has an average elevation of 302 metres (991 feet) above sea level.
Demographics.
As of the 2011 Indian census, Kushalgarh had a population of 10,096. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Kushalgarh has an average literacy rate of 73%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 80%, and female literacy is 66%. In Kushalgarh, 15% of the population is under 6 years of age.


New Party Sakigake

The New Party Sakigake (新党さきがけ "Shintō Sakigake"), also known as the New Harbinger Party, was a political party in Japan that broke away from the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) on 22 June 1993. The party was created by Masayoshi Takemura. The party was centrist, and had many reformist and even moderate ecological elements. The theoretical leader was Shusei Tanaka. Yukio Hatoyama and Naoto Kan also took part but later moved to the Democratic Party of Japan.
History.
After the 1993 general election, Sakigake joined a Cabinet led by Morihiro Hosokawa. It was the first government without the LDP since 1955. Sakigake's Masayoshi Takemura became Minister. Sakigake supported the following Tsutomu Hata Cabinet, but didn't join the Cabinet.
In 1994, New Party Sakigake took part in the government of Murayama Tomiichi, a government coalition of the LDP and the Japan Socialist Party, which replaced the coalition government headed the previous year by the Japan Renewal Party.
In September 1996, Sakigake and Japan Socialist Party politicians who did not support their respective parties alliances with the LDP broke away to found the Democratic Party of Japan.
The exodus of these liberal members moved the party further to the right. In 1997, the New Party Sakigake had two members in the House of Representatives and three members in the House of Councillors, which was good for them, especially after the LDP became the ruling party again. However, it decided to moderate its stance, and, because of the power of the ecologist and reformist factions, the conservatives decided to reform the party. As part of the ruling coalition in 1998, it had 2 seats in the House of Representatives and 3 in the House of Councillors. In October 1998, the party reformed itself with a more conservative image, dropping the 'New' from its title to become simply the "Sakigake Party".
Its popularity heavily declined after that, and by 2001, the party had no seats in either the Lower or Upper House. In 2002, the ecologists took control, and turned the party into an ecologist party. It changed its name to , the Environmental Green Political Assembly, which, because it won no seats in the 2004 Parliamentary elections, dissolved itself on 22 June 2004.
The party gained its followers mainly from white collar bureaucrats and ecologists. It was a conservative reformist party with ecological elements.


Sultanate of Buton

The Sultanate of Buton was an indigenous sultanate in what is today Indonesia. It used to rule over Buton island and parts of Southeast Sulawesi province. It was a constitutional monarchy with its own written constitution and law, complete with bodies acting as a legislature, a system of judiciary, and executive power.
Early History.
The islands that comprised the sultanate's territory were called ""Liwuto Pataanguna", meaning Four Islands. People from the Buton Islands were called "tukang besi"", literally meaning blacksmith. There are several versions of how people there were named this way, one from an oral story of a Dutch man who arrived on the islands and was surprised to find almost everyone using iron tools, hence he named it "Toekang Besi Eilanden". Another version suggests that it was from another kingdom within the region named the kingdom of Tukabessi.
The Islands of Buton were mentioned in Nagarakretagama and palapa oath, suggesting that the islands were once under the influence of Majapahit. The kingdom was established around the 1300s by a queen named Waa Kaa Kaa. Before the kingdom converted to Islam, most of the rulers were female. The first king that converted to Islam was King Murhun, later renamed Sultan Murhum Kaimuddin Khalifatul Khamis after his conversion. The Kingdom of Buton officially converted to Islam under his reign with help of a scholar from Johor Sultanate.
Constitutional Monarchy.
Unlike other kingdoms and sultanates in the region, the Sultanate of Buton was a constitutional monarchy. The constitution was written and named Murtabat Tujuh. This constitution was formalized by Sultan LaElangi (1597-1631) and did not change much until sultanate was abolished.
Legacy.
During the 16th century, the city of Baubau had heavy fortifications which today is the Buton Palace Fortress, a popular tourist attraction in the region.


Ballabhgarh

Ballabgarh, is a large town and a tehsil (subdistrict) in Faridabad district of Haryana, India, and is part of the National Capital Region. The town was founded by Raja Balram Singh, in 1739, who also built the Nahar Singh Mahal palace in the same year. Raja Nahar Singh (1823–1858) was the last king of the princely state, he was executed for taking part in the 1857 war of independence in 1858. The town of Ballabhgarh is only from Delhi, and today lies on the National Highway 2, a major portion of historical Grand Trunk Road. It is connected to Faridabad and south-east Delhi by the Delhi Metro. Ballabhgarh is the fourth city in Haryana to get metro connectivity after Gurgaon, Faridabad and Bahadurgarh.
Etymology.
The origin of Ballabhgrah State itself goes back to 1705 and Ballabhgarh town and fort were founded in 1739 by Balram Singh.Ballabhgarh is named after the founder Balram Singh, a Jat chief who held the surrounding country as a feudatory of Suraj Mal of Bharatpur, built the Nahar Singh Mahal fort and palace in 1739.In 2017, the government announced the renaming of several villages and towns based on the requests from villagers, including a name change of Ballabgarh to Balramgarh.
History.
Ballabhgarh State.
Ballabhgarh State, a princely state was founded by Tewatia Jats in 1705.
Rulers of Ballabhgarh.
List of rulers:
The founder: Gopal Singh.
Gopal Singh, a Tewatia Jat, the founder of the princely state of Ballabgarh, migrated from Alwalpur village in 1705, and established himself at Sihi ( from Ballabhgarh) after displacing Taga Brahman farmers there. Gopal Singh Tewatia of Sihi started establishing his power in Delhi, Khair and Mathura areas. He attacked Rajput of that area with the help of people of Lagon village. He became more powerful and richer and started to waylay the mughal travelers on Delhi–Agra royal route during the reign of Aurangzeb (d. 1707). In 1710, during the reign of Aurangzeb's son Bahadur Shah I, the Mughal officer Murtaza Khan of Faridabad signed a treaty with Goapl Singh confirming Gopal as Chaudhary of Faridabad pargana. He wanted to expand his army and collect huge wealth but soon died in 1711.
Gopal's successor was his son Charan Das Tewatia, who was also ambitious. When Charan Das saw weakening of the Mughal rule, he stopped paying "malgujari" (octroi) to Mughals. As a result, Mughals arrested and imprisoned Charan Das at Faridabad fort for a short time in 1714 during the reign of Farrukhsiyar (r. 1713–1719). His son Balram Singh freed him by pretending to pay the ransom.Charan Das's son, Balram Singh, later rose to be a powerful king.
Expansion: Balram Singh (Ballu Jat).
In 1720 farmers rose in revolt under the leadership of Balram Singh (Ballu Jat) when during the reign of Muhammad Shah (r. 1719–1748), Mughal officer of Faridabad Murtaza Khan started to impose heavy taxes while famine was raging. Murtaza Khan had in the past also imprisoned Balram's father. Balram killed Murtaza Khan at Faridabad and shut the Mughal traffic on Delhi–Agra route. In 1739, Mughal king bestowed on him titles of "Rao" and "Naib Bakshi". He built the Nahar Singh fort and founded the city of Ballabhgarh is named after him.Jats along the Delhi–Agra route at that time were in revolt against the oppressive Mughal rule. Tewatias of this area had already established themselves as counter force in this area. Balram Jat held the surrounding country as a feudatory of Suraj Mal of Bharatpur (r. 1755–1763). He was the brother-in-law of Maharaja Suraj Mal and mama of Jawahar Singh. Balram Singh often called Ballu by the local people moved on a few Elephants, Horses and Camels loaded with Big drums (Nagaade) and Dhaunse (big band) followed by his local army. Went wherever Ballu with this band, it was assumed that area was no longer of Mughals and Ballu had won that. It was a kind of Aswamedh Yagna that he performed. Here from started a saying "Dheeng Dheeng Ballu ka Raj". Immediately peace returned to those areas, which were won over by Ballu.
On 11 January 1750, Jat sangh of Balram Singh of Ballabhgarh, Suraj Mal of Bharatpur and Bhim Singh Rana of Gohad waged a battle against Mughal forces of Safdar Jang (1708–1754) of Oudh and Mir Salawat Khan during the reign of Mughal emperor Ahmad Shah Bahadur (r. 1748–1754), which Jats won and mughals had to conceded a lot concessions.
On 30 June 1750, Safdar Jung, marched against Balram but Balram managed to evade him using stratagem with the help of Marathas.Mughal king Ahmad Shah Bahadur replaced Safdar Jung with Gaziuddin Khan ("Intizam-Ud-Daullahas" or "lmad-ul-Mulk", the imperial Mir Bakhshi) as new wizir. Safdar Jung, supported by Balram Jat and Surajmal Jat, revolted against the Mughal king. Murtija Khan's son Aqaibet Mahmud Khan was the chief diwan of Gaziuddin Khan, he and Balram agreed to meet to negotiate the terms of truce. Balram arrived with his son, diwan and 250 men, angry words flew, Balram put his hand on his sword, Aquibat's guard suddenly fell upon Balram and killed him, his son, diwan and 9 other escorts. Maharaja Suraj Mal Jat retaliated by capturing Palwal from Mughals on 27 September 1754. He also caught the qazi there and slayed the qanungo Santokh Rai for scheming Balram's murder. In November 1755, Jats under Suraj Mal also recaptured Ballabgarh and Ghasira from Mughals. Suraj Mal appointed sons of Balram, Bishan Singh as Nazim and Kishan Singh as kiledar, who stayed in these roles till 1774 under Suraj Mal.
From 1757 to 1760, Ahmad Shah Abdali waged war against Jats and Marathas. After the defeat of Maratha Empire in the Third Battle of Panipat on 12 June 1761, Suraj Mal recaptured Ballabhgarh from Abdali's forced in 1762 and reinstated Balram's sons Kishan Singh and Bishan Singh in their roles under Bharatpur State.
On 20 April 1774, Ajit Singh with title of "Raja" and Hira Singh with titles of "Raja" and "Salar Jang" were restored to Ballabhgarh as descendant of Balram by Mughal king after they were removed by Bharatpur king. In 1775, Ajit Singh was formally appointed Raja of Ballabhgarh under Mughal authority. In 1793, Ajit Singh was killed by his brother Zalim Singh, and Ajit's son Bahadur Singh became the king. Till 1803 Ballabhgarh rulers remained under Marathas but bharatpur never came under Marathas. In 1785 mahadji capture deeg but not capture bharatpur after 1787 to keep peace with Jats gave 11 paragana to ranjit singh and make friendly relation with bharatpur to make peace ref agra province.
Jat rule during British era.
In 1803, after the Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon Haryana was transferred to British by Maratha Empire.British confirmed Ajit Singh's son Bahadur Singh as independent ruler of Ballabhgarh jagir,as a buffer state between British border and Sikhs rulers, and it remained an independent princely state until the Indian Rebellion of 1857.Bahadur Singh died in 1806. His son Narain Singh became king but he too died in 1806.Narain's son Anirudh Singh became king and ruled till his death in 1819.His infant son Sahib Singh ruled till 1825 when he died childless.Sahib's paternal uncle and Narain Singh's brother Ram Singh ruled till 1829 till his death.
In Raja Nahar Singh ascended the throne in 1829 after his father Ram Singh's death and proved to be a just ruler. Nahar Singh was ruler of 101 villages of Ballabhgarh. He, Nawab Ahmed Ali Khan of Farrukhnagar, and rulers of neighbouring principalities such as Rewari and Jhajjar, took part in the Indian Rebellion of 1857. On 10 September 1857, just four days before the British Army stormed Delhi, Nahar Singh wrote a letter to Governor General of India, Lord Ellenborough (1842–1844), whom he had met as a young man, seeking his protection. According to a 2011 auction catalogue, "it seems was written as a ruse to deceive the British in the event of his capture... as he was fully committed to the cause of Indian Independence".
Aftermath of 1857 rebellion.
After the mutiny was suppressed, Nahar Singh along with all the rulers were captured, tried and hanged on 9 January 1858 and their estate confiscated by the British Raj. As was Gulab Singh Saini, the commander-in-chief of the army of state of Ballabhgarh. The territory of Ballabhgarh was added into the Delhi district as a new tehsil, which was now made part of Punjab, while Faridabad became the headquarters of the pargana till now in "jagir" by the Ballabgarh rulers. It was made a municipality in 1867.
20th century.
In 1901, Ballabhgarh town had a population of 4,506. Bahdurgarh tehsil of Delhi district, including towns and villages of Faridabad and Ballabhgarh, had a population of 126,693 in 1901, up from 119,652 in 1891.
Post-independence.
One 2001 study in Neurology of a rural population at Ballabgarh, India, found a 0.3% incidence of Alzheimer's, "among the lowest ever reported" -and roughly a quarter of that of a reference US population, & it is believed that keys lies in the diet of the peoples, which having Indian spices, organic herbs & vegetables.
In 2015, there was a riot in Atali village where a Hindu mob attacked the Muslim villagers.
Demographics.
The total population of Ballabgarh, as per the 2001 Census of India was 187067, up from 144215 in 1991 Census. Of this, 0 are Scheduled Tribes (STs) and 37428 are Scheduled Caste (SC), however Jats have highest density along with Ahirs, Rajputs, Agarwals, Punjabis, Brahmins. The sex ratio of the population in Ballabgarh is 850 females per 1000 males. The literacy rate in the city is 65.35 per cent, 79.96 for males and 48.25 for females.
The local language is Brajbhasha.
Ancient monuments.
Balramgarh Fort.
The fort was built by the Raja Balram Singh jat, inner part of which has been encroached by the police station and the tahsil office. The carefully planned town outside the fort walls was laid out by "Raja Bahadur Singh Jat", with quadrangular market places, wells at cross roads, and a large garden which he named "Dilkusha" (literally "pleasing to heart"). The last ruler of this dynasty was Raja Nahar Singh, a martyr of 1857 war of independence. A monument in Raja Nahar Singh Jat's memory has been built by the municipal committee inside the "Nahar Singh memorial park" to mark the centenary of war of 1857.
Nahar Singh Mahal.
The earliest parts of Nahar Singh's palace, called Nahar Singh Mahal were constructed by his ancestor Rao Balram after whom the estate was named, who came to power in 1739, the construction however continued in parts till about 1850, under Nahar Singh.
Rani ki Chhatri.
"Rani ki Chhatri" on the bank of historic "rajsi sarovar" (royal lake) were constructed by the widow of Jat ruler Anrudh Singh, ruled Ballabagarh till 1818, in the memory of her deceased husband.
It is located near Nahar Singh Mahal and Raja Nahar Singh metro station. The monument has chhatris (cenotap) with ghats that has steps leading to the lake. The fresh water was fed from the Agra Canal. Earlier, INTACH had undertaken renovation costing INR 1,000,000, which was not sufficient. COnsequently, INR 1 cr (10 Million) was approved in 2016 for the completion of rneovation of chhatri and sarovar. Jat ranis use to bathe and worship here.
Institutes.
Home to the Cement Research Institute of India as well as Comprehensive Rural Health Services Project (AIIMS) or called "Civil Hospital". It is the rural field practice area of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
Administration.
Faridabad district is divided into three sub divisions viz. Faridabad, Ballabhgarh and Badkhal each headed by a Sub Divisional Magistrate (SDM).
Ballabgarh, is a Haryana Legislative Assembly constituency segment, within the Faridabad Lok Sabha constituency, and the current representative in the state assembly is Mool Chand Sharma.
Transport.
Ballabhgarh railway station is main railway station in Ballabhgarh. It is located on Agra–Delhi chord sector. It serves Faridabad and surrounding areas.
Notable people.
Notable people from Ballabhgarh include:-


Trinity Church, Troitskoye

Trinity Church - is an Orthodox church in Troitskoye village, Sverdlovsk oblast. Nowadays the church doesn't function.
The building was granted the status of regional significance in 31 December 1987 (decision № 535 by the executive committee of Sverdlovsk oblast Council of People's Deputies). The object number of cultural heritage of regional significance is 661710759370005.
History.
It was one of the first churches in the area of the drainage basin of the Iset River. A wooden church was raised several times. A wooden two-altars church was built in 1680 but destroyed by fire in 1787. There is no data about the architect and authors of the construction plan of the building. Three years later a new building was built. It also burnt down in 1800. Fire destroyed property and documents of the parish, only part of the archive of the income-expenditure books from 1751 to 1791 survived.
It was decided to build a stone church. In 1801 the foundation of the stone church was laid. On 19 March 1808 one of the side-altars was consecrated in the name of the Venerable Savvatii Solovetsky. The main church was consecrated on 14 July 1823 in honor of the Holy Trinity.
In 1850 in the vault of the belltower was cracked. There was a threat of collapse. The building was rebuilt. During the reconstruction one more side-altar was attached. On 12 December 1854 a new side-altar was consecrated in honor of the icon of the Most Holy Theotokos. During the period of 1875-1880ies the main part of the church was expanded and rebuilt. The construction plan was made by the engineer-technologist Pavel Fedorovich Golyshev. The main church was consecrated on 27 September 1880; and the side-altars - on 15 November 1881 and on 20 February 1886.
The church was closed in 1932, during the Soviet era the building served as a warehouse. At present time the church is not being restored.
Architecture.
The church has three altars. On one axis there is a church with a faceted apse, a refectory and a bell tower. The church is crowned with a five-domed structure, a tent on a faceted drum and decorative chapters from small tents on rectangular pedestals in the corners of the four-storeyed chapel. All premises of the church are also located on the same axis: a door from a covered porch, a refectory hall type, a summer temple. At the corners of the four-legged pylons, which support the dome arches and sails. The Trinity Church was executed by regional architects in the manner of the master.


Tayk

Tayk (), was a historical province of the Kingdom of Armenia, one of its 15 (worlds). Tayk consisted of 8 cantons:
In these lands was a proto-Armenian confederation, Hayasa-Azzi, in the 2nd millennium BC. It was probably the Diasuni and Diauehi of Assyrian and Urartian sources, of which the name was likely related etymologically. From the 2nd century BC to the 9th century AD Tayk was a part of Armenian kingdoms or "autonomies": Greater Armenia, Marzpan Armenia and Bagratid Armenia.
In the 999 A.D., Tayk or Tao became part of the Georgian Bagratid principality of Tayk-Kharjk or Tao-Klarjeti. The Tayk province covered contemporary Turkish districts of Yusufeli (Kiskim) in Artvin Province and Oltu, Olur (Tavusker), Tortum and Çamlıkaya (Hunut) to the north of İspir in Erzurum Province. To its southwest is found the ancient region of Sper. After World War I, the Armenia and Georgia contested the region, with particular conflict over Oltik. As a result, in 1920, after Ruso-Turkish attacks, Armenia lost the region of Oltik, which become a part of Turkey.


Mouravi

Mouravi () was an administrative and military officer in early modern Georgia, translated into English as seneschal, bailiff, or constable. A mouravi was an appointed royal official who had a jurisdiction over particular town or district. In towns, the mouravi was assisted by a police officer, "natsvali". The best-known mouravi in Georgian history was Giorgi Saakadze, called "the Grand Mouravi."


Trebizond Eyalet

Trebizond Eyalet () or Trabzon Beylerbeyliği was an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire.
Established in 1598, it remained a primarily Christian region into the 17th century, well after the rest of Anatolia had been converted to Islam. Its reported area in the 19th century was .


Amandagamani Abhaya of Anuradhapura

Amandagamani Abhaya was King of Anuradhapura in the 1st century, whose reign lasted from 21 to 30. He succeeded his father Mahadathika Mahanaga as King of Anuradhapura and was succeeded by his brother Kanirajanu Tissa.


Ramathibodi

Ramathibodi or Ramathipbodi (, ; ; "Overlord Rāma") was a Thai royal title. All Thai monarchs took "Ramathibodi" as their formal or ceremonial title, but a few are widely known by it.
It may refer to: