Angura

, also known as the "Little Theater" (小劇場, "shōgekijō") movement, was a Japanese avant-garde theater movement in the 1960s and 1970s that reacted against the Brechtian modernism and formalist realism of postwar "Shingeki" theater in Japan to stage anarchic "underground" productions in tents, on street corners, and in small spaces that explored themes of primitivism, sexuality, and embodied physicality. The term "Angura" was an abbreviation of the Japanese phrase "underground theater" (アンダーグラウンド演劇, "andaaguraundo engeki").
Major figures in the Angura movement included Shūji Terayama, Jūrō Kara, Makoto Satō, and Tadashi Suzuki. Renowned graphic artist Yokoo Tadanori produced numerous promotional artworks for Angura productions, and helped co-found the Angura theater troupe Tenjō Sajiki.
Background.
Angura emerged in the early 1960s, in reaction to the structural and ideological constraints of the Japanese modern theater movement known as Shingeki (literally, "new theater") . Shingeki itself had developed in the early years of the 20th century in response to the perceived "irrationality" of premodern forms of Japanese theater, such kabuki and noh. As a result, Shingeki theater troups sought to present Western-style productions in modern, Western-style theaters with realistic sets, costumes, dialogues, and situations.
In the 1920s, Shingeki fell under the influence of the left-leaning Proletarian Arts Movement in Japan and was suppressed by the militarist regime during World War II. After the war, the Shingeki movement fell strongly under the influence of the Japan Communist Party (JCP), and became increasingly dependent on attendance by JCP-affiliated labor unions to sell tickets and fill seats. This meant that Shingeki productions had to conform to Communist Party ideology and the conservative tastes of the labor unionist attendees.
Another issue was the pyramidal structure of the most prestigious Shingeki troupes. Leading Shingeki troupes such as Bungaku-za, Haiyū-za, and Gekidan Mingei recruited members out of leading Japanese universities and put them through rigorous training programs, but then made them wait years or even decades to have starring roles or any input into the artistic direction of the troupe. In some cases, recruits completed the entire training program, but were then not even offered a job with the troupe.
The 1960 Anpo Protests.
In 1960, virtually the entire Shingeki community was mobilized to battle against revision of the U.S.-Japan Security Treaty (known as "Anpo" in Japanese), under the auspices of an umbrella organization called the Shingeki Workers Association (新劇人会議 "Shingekijin Kaigi"). However, many younger members of the troupes, who tended to sympathize with the student radicals in the Zengakuren student federation, were extremely disappointed that the Shingeki Association enforced strict conformity to the passive and ineffectual protest policies of the Japan Communist Party, even after right-wing counter-protester brutally attacked the Shingeki members during a protest march at the National Diet on June 15, 1960, resulting in 80 members being injured. Although discontent had been building throughout the 1950s, the radicalizing experience of the Anpo Protests helped convince many younger Shingeki members to break away and found their own theater troupes, where they could experiment with much more radical forms of theater.
One of the earliest new troupes to break away was the Seinen Geijutsu Gekijō ("Youth Art Theater"), abbreviated Seigei, founded by 20 members of the third graduating class of Mingei's training program, several of whom had been denied jobs, as well as playwright Yoshiyuki Fukuda, noh actor Hideo Kanze, and composer Hikaru Hayashi. Immediately following the Anpo Protests, Seigei staged its first production, which included a play written by Fukuda called "Record Number 1", which is often cited as the first Angura-style play. "Record Number 1" was extremely unorthodox and experimental, blurring the lines between reality and play and breaking the fourth wall. In this play, the actors of Seigei expressed their emotions and frustration around their experiences in the recently concluded Anpo protests. Historian of Japanese theater David G. Goodman has called “a pivotal moment in the history of the modern Japanese theater movement,” one that “challenged every aspect of the Shingeki orthodoxy.”
A large number of Angura directors and playwrights worked with Seigei and Fukuda in the early 1960s, including Jūrō Kara, Makoto Satō, and Minoru Betsuyaku. They then went on to found their own experimental theater troupes later in the 1960s. Kara would go on to found the Situation Theater, also known as the "Red Tent Theater" because they performed in a red tent, and Satō would go on to form the Black Tent Theater, which performed in a black tent. Betsuyaku helped co-found the Waseda Little Theater with Tadashi Suzuki. Other influential Angura troupes included Shūji Terayama's Tenjō Sajiki, Kazuyoshi Kushida's Free Theater, Yukio Ninagawa's Contemporary Theater, and Shogo Ōta's Transformation Theater.
Characteristics.
Angura troupes and playwrights sought to challenge the conservative Shingeki modern theater orthodoxy in every way possible. To this end, they staged wild, raucous productions in unconventional venues, outdoors, or in tents, featuring non-linear plots, frequent breaking of the fourth wall and direct interaction with audiences, bizarre costumes and makeup, intensely emotional outbursts by characters, and fantastic and phantasmagorical elements. In contrast to Shingeki productions, Angura made extensive use of music and actively sought to evoke audience laughter or even anger or shock. Major emphases of Angura productions included intense physicality, overt sexuality, and the use of fantasy or "primitive" motifs. In these ways, Angura had much in common with Butoh dance, which emerged around the same time, and helped pave the way for the emergence of Pink film in Japan.
Angura today.
The Angura theater movement remains active to this day (as does Shingeki). Major Angura troupes active at the present time include Jūrō Kara's Kara Group (renamed from "Situation Theater"), Tadashi Suzuki's Suzuki Company of Toga (aka SCOT, renamed from "Waseda Little Theater"),　Yukichi Matsumoto's Osaka-based Ishinha ("Revolution School") company, Ei Takatori's Gesshoku Opera Company, a musical troupe nicknamed "Dark Takarazuka" for its female-focused cast and Angura versions of Takarazuka-style musical productions, and Theater Laboratory Universal Gravitational Force, founded by members of Tenjō Sajiki after the death of Shūji Terayama in 1983.


The Mystery Rider

The Mystery Rider is a lost 1928 silent film western action serial directed by Robert J. Horner and starring William Desmond. Horner produced and released through Universal Pictures. AFI has the film listed as a five-reel feature (a possible whittled-down five-reel version of the serial).
A trailer for the film (or its episodes) survives in the Library of Congress.


Weekly Chronicle

The Weekly Chronicle was a London newspaper, in existence from 18 September 1836 to 21 December 1867. It went under the title Weekly News and Chronicle from June 1851 to December 1854. Reverting then to the original title, it was the Weekly Chronicle and Register from December 1855.
The MP Henry George Ward bought the paper in 1837 from its founders Charles Buller and Henry Cole, and used it to campaign for his views. It was loss-making at the original cover price of 3"d".; Ward raised that to 4"d". and then 6"d".
During the Chartist movement of 1838–39, Ward used the "Weekly Chronicle" to take the line in February 1839 that the agitation was failing, and its supporters would do better to rally behind Lord Durham.


El perro

El perro (English: Bombón: El Perro and Bombón: The Dog) is a 2004 Argentine-Spanish drama film, directed by Carlos Sorín, and written by Sorín, Santiago Calori, and Salvador Roselli. The picture features Juan Villegas and Walter Donado, among others.
The film was partly funded by INCAA.
"El perro" is a neo-realist fable about a man and a dog, the titular Bombón. Set in Patagonia, an unemployed man has his luck change after being given a Dogo Argentino dog for helping a stranded woman on the highway.
Plot.
Coco (Juan Villegas), the main character, is first seen trying to sell knives to a group of oil workers. He is a skilled craftsman, but the knives are too expensive for them. In fact, throughout the entire film, he never manages to sell a single knife, but he ends up giving two away: one to a security guard as a bribe, and one to a cabaret singer he meets on his journey.
Coco is down on his luck. He lives in a cramped apartment with his daughter and her children. As he is 52 years old, it looks increasingly unlikely that he will get another job. What he really wants is to work in a gas station, and during the first part of the film he is seen inquiring after such jobs.
Coco is a good natured man, despite his ill luck, and he is seen helping a woman on the road whose car has broken down. This good deed leads to him being given an Argentine Dogo as a gift. The dog is a pedigree and the woman supplies him with all the documents. Coco is bemused, but keeps the dog.
When he goes home, his daughter asks him to choose—her or the dog. He chooses to keep the dog. The film now becomes a road movie. Coco calls the dog "Lechien", mistakenly believing that this is his name, in fact it simply means "the dog" in French and was written on his kennel. Eventually Coco realizes the dog is called "Bombón."
From the moment he takes the dog, Coco's luck begins to change. People ask him to guard buildings with the dog; a chance meeting with the bank manager leads him to Walter, a trainer. Walter assures him that the dog is pure gold. After the dog wins third prize at a dog show an eager Walter begins to make arrangements to have him put out to stud, this promises to be lucrative for them both, but the dog is unable to perform.
Disillusioned, Walter takes the dog back to his ranch, and advises Coco to get settled somewhere and return for the dog later on.
But Coco feels lost without the dog, and returns to Walter's, only to find the dog has escaped. Upon finding the dog again, coupling with a stray female mutt, Coco sets off into a hopeful future with two young hitchhikers in tow.
Production.
Carlos Sorín, in neo-realist fashion, used non-professional actors when he shot the film.
The picture was filmed in: Gaiman, Chubut; Patagonia; Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz; Trelew, Chubut Province; Tres Cerros, Patagonia; all in Argentina.
The film was first presented at the Donostia-San Sebastián International Film Festival in September 2004. The same month the film made its North American debut at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 14, 2004.
In Argentina the film opened wide on September 23, 2004.
The picture was screened at various film festivals, including: the Nantes Festival of 3 Continents, France; the Cinémas d'Amérique Latine de Toulouse, France; the Hong Kong International Film Festival, China; the Muestra Internacional de Cine, Mexico; the Seattle International Film Festival, United States; and others.
Reception.
Critical response.
A.O. Scott, film critic for "The New York Times" liked the film and wrote, "[the film was] flawlessly directed by Carlos Sorin...[Jose] is half-seduced by dreams of glory, but the film's real concern is dignity. Juan (Juan Villegas), is as modest a hero as you are likely to encounter on a movie screen, and neither he nor Mr. Sorin—or, for that matter, Lechien—have especially grandiose aspirations. That "El perro" is so unassuming is part of what makes its humane, sympathetic story so satisfying."
Ed Gonzalez thought highly of the film, and wrote, "The jewel in the crown of The Film Society of Lincoln Center's Latin Beat program last year was Carlos Sorín's "El perro", which grabs the warm humanist baton from the director's "Minimal Stories" and heads straight for an existential finish line. With tender understatement, Sorín catalogs the depressing embarrassments an unemployed mechanic (Juan Villegas) is subjected to when he's unable to secure work or earn money for his homemade knives."
The review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reported that 83% of critics gave the film a positive review, based on twelve reviews.
Awards.
Wins


The Secret Man

The Secret Man is a 1917 American silent Western film, directed by John Ford and featuring Harry Carey. Two of the five reels of the film survive at the Library of Congress film archive.
Plot.
As described in a film magazine, Cheyenne Harry (Carey) escapes from prison and while escaping comes upon the body of a young girl (Janes) that was thrown by a runaway horse. He picks her up and is proceeding on his way when his horse is frightened and bolts down a steep hillside. Harry, realizing the danger the girl is in, gives himself up so that she can receive care. Her mother Molly (Sterling) has secretly married Harry Beaufort (Foster) and it is her mother's brother who arrests Harry. The mother has been told that her little girl is dead and she loses her reason. At a church bazaar the girl is to be auctioned off to the highest bidder. Mother and daughter recognize each other and the mother's mind is restored. Through the assistance of Harry, the mother and her husband are reunited. The sheriff is happy to find that the girl Annabelle is his niece and in appreciation of Harry's kindness allows him to go free.
Production.
Filming took place under the working titles "The Round Up" and "Up Against It". The film was released by Universal Studios through a subsidiary, Universal-Butterfly, in October 1917. It was a silent film on five reels, part of the "Cheyenne Harry" series of film featurettes.
Reception.
Like many American films of the time, "The Secret Man" was subject to cuts by city and state film censorship boards. The Chicago Board of Censors required a cut of the scene of the jailer dropping the keys before the prisoner's cell.


Y-Films

Y-Films is an Indian film production and distribution company, based in Mumbai. The company is a subsidiary of Yash Raj Films.
History.
The company was launched on 1 April 2011 by Aditya Chopra, key member of Yash Raj Films who revealed that their company would float a new film studio, Y-Films, which would concentrate on introducing fresh talent.
The event saw promotional material released for three future productions, with Ashish Patil being announced as chief producer.


List of Pennsylvania state historical markers in Monroe County

This is a list of the Pennsylvania state historical markers in Monroe County.
This is intended to be a complete list of the official state historical markers placed in Monroe County, Pennsylvania by the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission (PHMC). The locations of the historical markers, as well as the latitude and longitude coordinates as provided by the PHMC's database, are included below when available. There are 23 historical markers located in Monroe County.


Theodorus of Samos

Theodorus of Samos () was a 6th-century BC ancient Greek sculptor and architect from the Greek island of Samos. Along with Rhoecus, he was often credited with the invention of ore smelting and, according to Pausanias, the craft of casting. He is also credited with inventing a water level, a carpenter's square, and, according to Pliny, a lock and key and the turning lathe. According to Vitruvius (vii, introduction), Theodorus is the architect of the Doric Order temple Heraion of Samos temple. In some texts he is described, above all, as a great artist and in some statues he is depicted as a great inventor.
The ancient historian Herodotus twice refers to Theodorus as "the son of Telecles," a Samian artist. Herodotus credits Theodorus along with Rhoecus with improving the process of mixing copper and tin to form bronze, as well as being the first to use it in casting. Elsewhere, he credits Theodorus alone for discovering the art of fusing iron and using it to cast statues.
Carl Sagan, in the episode "The Backbone of Night" from his series "", states that Theodorus is credited with inventing the level, the ruler, the key, the square, the lathe, and bronze casting.


Missy Elliott production discography

The following is a discography of songs with production and writing credits from American hip hop musician and record producer Missy Elliott, sorted by album, date, and title.
1993.
'Raven-Symoné – "Here's to New Dreams"
1995.
 Tony Thompson – "Sexsational"
Jason Weaver – "Stay with Me" (EP)
 Jodeci – "The Show, the After Party, the Hotel"
Various – "Dangerous Minds soundtrack"
1996.
702 – "No Doubt"
Aaliyah – "One in a Million"
Busta Rhymes – "It's a Party" (Vinyl)
Ginuwine – "Ginuwine...The Bachelor"
1997.
Tha Truth – "Makin' Moves"
Shades – "Shades"
Adina Howard – "Welcome to Fantasy Island"
Mariah Carey – "Butterfly"
Puff Daddy & the Family – "No Way Out"
SWV – "Release Some Tension"
Timbaland & Magoo – "Welcome to Our World"
1998.
MC Lyte – "Seven & Seven"
Various – "Cousin Skeeter"
Yo Yo – "Ebony"
Elusion – "Think About It"
Nicole – "Make It Hot"
Total – "Kima, Keisha, and Pam"
Timbaland – ""
Whitney Houston – "My Love Is Your Love"
Various – "Why Do Fools Fall in Love" soundtrack
Various – "Hav Plenty" soundtrack
Various – "Dr. Dolittle" soundtrack
1999.
Destiny's Child – "The Writing's on the Wall"
702 – "702"
Missy Elliott – "Da Real World"
Nas – "I Am..."
2000.
Melanie B – "Hot
Take 5 – "Against All Odds"
Tamar – "Tamar"
Tamia – "A Nu Day"
Various – "Bait soundtrack"
Various – "Romeo Must Die soundtrack"
2001.
Various – "Moulin Rouge!" soundtrack
Aaliyah – "Aaliyah"
Bubba Sparxxx – "Dark Days, Bright Nights"
Missy Elliott – "Miss E ...So Addictive"
2002.
Mary J. Blige – "No More Drama"
Karen Clark Sheard – "2nd Chance"
Me'Shell Ndegeocello – ""
Code5 – "Code5... The Secret's Out"
Missy Elliott – "Under Construction"
TLC – "3D"
Trina – "Diamond Princess"
Tweet – "Southern Hummingbird"
Whitney Houston – "Just Whitney"
2003.
Beyoncé – "Dangerously in Love"
Lil' Mo – "Meet the Girl Next Door"
Sticky Fingaz – ""
Missy Elliott – "This Is Not a Test!"
Karen Clark Sheard – "The Heavens Are Telling"
Monica – "After the Storm"
Mýa – "Moodring"
Various – "Honey" soundtrack
Various – "The Fighting Temptations" soundtrack
2004.
213 – "The Hard Way"
Angie Stone – "Stone Love"
Ciara – "Goodies"
Fantasia Barrino – "Free Yourself"
Various – "Shark's Tale"
2005.
Missy Elliott – "The Cookbook"
Tweet – "It's Me Again"
2006.
Fantasia – "Fantasia"
Monica – "The Makings of Me"
2007.
Keyshia Cole – "Just Like You"
2008.
Jazmine Sullivan – "Fearless"
Jennifer Hudson – "Jennifer Hudson"
Jessica Betts – "Jessie Pearl"
2009.
Angie Stone – "Unexpected"
2010.
Monica – "Still Standing"
Jazmine Sullivan – "Love Me Back"
2012.
Monica – "New Life"
2014.
Sharaya J – "Takin' It No More" single
2015.
Monica – "Code Red"
2016.
Missy Elliott – "Block Party"
Tweet — "Charlene"
Fifth Harmony — "7/27"
2018.
Normani - TBA
2019.
"'Missy Elliott – "Iconology"
2020.
Toni Braxton - TBA
Unreleased / Non-album songs.
702
Aaliyah
Blaque – "Torch"
Cheri Dennis
Eminem
Fantasia
Janet Jackson
Jazmine Sullivan – " Break My Little Heart"
Jessica Betts
Missy Elliott
Mocha – "Bella Mafia"
Monica
Nicole – "Elektric Blue"
Olivia
Sarah Jo Martin
So Def
Timbaland – "The World Is Ours"
Torrey Carter – "The Life I Live"
Total
Tweet


The Devil-Stone

The Devil-Stone is a 1917 American silent romance film directed by Cecil B. DeMille, co-written by his mother Beatrice deMille and Jeanie MacPherson, and starring Geraldine Farrar. The film had sequences filmed in the Handschiegl Color Process (billed as the "DeMille-Wyckoff Process"). Only two of six reels are known to survive, in the American Film Institute Collection at the Library of Congress. This was the last of Farrar's films for Paramount Pictures.
Plot.
As described in a film magazine, Silas Martin (Marshall), a miser, marries Marcia Manot (Farrar) in order to gain possession of a valuable emerald she owns that once belonged to a Norse queen and is now cursed. After the wedding Marcia learns the true side of her husband and realizes that the marriage was a mistake. Silas steals the stone and places Marcia and Guy Sterling (Reid), his business partner, in a false light in order to get a divorce. Marcia sneaks in one night and discovers that Silas has the stone. She gains possession of it, but Silas attempts to regain it. They struggle, and Marcia kills him in self-defense. Sterling is accused of the murder, but the evidence clears him and the crime remains a mystery. Sterling marries Marcia and has an expert criminologist investigate the murder. He traces the crime to Marcia and, when confronted, she confesses. He gives her one month's leave of absence, after which she is to turn herself into the law. Marcia returns to her old home and gives the priest the emerald so he can make provision for homeless orphans. She returns and gives herself up to the criminologist. However, finding that her good deed has redeemed her, the criminologist does not turn her over to the law, and she and Sterling are happily reunited.


Madlib discography

The following is a list of Madlib releases under that name or Yesterdays New Quintet, a fictional jazz group created by Madlib.
Madlib began his career with Lootpack, a hip hop group. Later in his career he was a member of Jaylib and Madvillain. Quasimoto is a fictional rapper created by pitching up Madlib's own voice. Under that name he released three albums, in 2000, 2005 and 2013. Madlib also released a house/techno album under the name DJ Rels titled "Theme for a Broken Soul". Other notable collaborations include Dudley Perkins, with whom he has produced 3 entire albums. Madlib has released 3 multiple-volume album series: "Beat Konducta" (Vol. 0-6), "Mind Fusion" (Vol. 1-5) and "Madlib Medicine Show" (Vol. 1-13)


Tartus

Tartus ( / ALA-LC: "Ṭarṭūs"; known in the County of Tripoli as Tortosa and also transliterated Tartous) is a city on the Mediterranean coast of Syria. It is the second largest port city in Syria (after Latakia), and the largest city in Tartus Governorate. The population is 115,769 (2004 census). In the summer it is a vacation spot for many Syrians. Many vacation compounds and resorts are located in the region. The port holds a small Russian naval facility.
Geography.
The city lies on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea bordered by the Syrian Coastal Mountain Range to the east. Arwad, the only inhabited island on the Syrian coast, is located a few kilometers off the shore of Tartus.
Tartus occupies most of the coastal plain, surrounded to the east by mountains composed mainly of limestone and, in certain places around the town of Souda, basalt.
Climate.
Tartus has a Mediterranean climate (Köppen "Csa") with mild, wet winters, hot and dry summers, and short transition periods in April and October. The hills to the east of the city create a cooler climate with even higher rainfall. Tartus is known for its relatively mild weather and high precipitation compared to inland Syria. Humidity in the summer can reach 0%.
History.
Phoenician Antaradus.
The History of Tartus goes back to the 2nd millennium BC when it was founded as a Phoenician colony of Aradus. The colony was known as Antaradus (from Greek "Anti-Arados → Antarados", "Anti-Aradus", meaning "The town facing Arwad"). Not much remains of the Phoenician Antaradus, the mainland settlement that was linked to the more important and larger settlements of Aradus, off the shore of Tartus, and the nearby site of Amrit.
Greco-Roman and Byzantine.
The city was called Antaradus in Latin. Athanasius reports that, under Roman Emperor Constantine the Great, Cymatius, the Orthodox bishop of Antaradus and also of Aradus (whose names indicate that they were neighbouring towns facing each other) was driven out by the Arians. At the First Council of Constantinople in 381, Mocimus appears as bishop of Aradus. At the time of the Council of Ephesus (431), some sources speak of a Musaeus as bishop of Aradus and Antaradus, while others mention only Aradus or only Antaradus. Alexander was at the Council of Chalcedon in 451 as bishop of Antaradus, Paulus as bishop of Aradus, while, at a synod held at Antioch shortly before, Paulus took part as bishop of both Aradus and Antaradus. In 458, Atticus signed, as bishop of Aradus, the letter of the bishops of the province of Phoenicia Prima to Byzantine Emperor Leo I the Thracian protesting about the murder of Proterius of Alexandria. Theodorus or Theodosius, who died in 518, is mentioned as bishop of Antaradus in a letter from the bishops of the province regarding Severus of Antioch that was read at a synod held by Patriarch Mennas of Constantinople. The acts of the Second Council of Constantinople in 553 were signed by Asyncretius as bishop of Aradus. At the time of the Crusades, Antaradus, by then called Tartus or Tortosa, was a Latin Church diocese, whose bishop also held the titles of Aradus and Maraclea (perhaps Rachlea). It was united to the see of Famagosta in Cyprus in 1295.
No longer a residential bishopric, Antaradus is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see.
The city was favored by Constantine for its devotion to the cult of the Virgin Mary. The first chapel to be dedicated to the Virgin is said to have been built here in the 3rd century.
Islamic.
Muslim armies conquered Tartus under the leadership of Ubada ibn as-Samit in 636.
Crusades.
The Crusaders called the city Antartus, and also Tortosa. It was captured in 1099 during the First Crusade, but it was later taken over by Muslims, before it was recaptured by Raymond of Saint-Gilles in February 1102 after two weeks of siege, then it was left in 1105 to his son Alfonso Jordan and was known as Tortosa. In 1123 the Crusaders built the semi-fortified Cathedral of Our Lady of Tortosa over a Byzantine church that was popular with pilgrims. The Cathedral itself was used as a mosque after the Muslim reconquest of the city, then as a barracks by the Ottomans. It was renovated under the French and is now the city museum, containing antiquities recovered from Amrit and many other sites in the region.
Nur ad-Din Zangi retrieved Tartus from the Crusaders for a brief time before he lost it again.
In 1152, Tortosa was handed to the Knights Templar, who used it as a military headquarters. They engaged in some major building projects, constructing a castle with a large chapel and an elaborate keep, surrounded by thick double concentric walls. The Templars' mission was to protect the city and surrounding lands, some of which had been occupied by Christian settlers, from Muslim attack. The city of Tortosa was recaptured by Saladin in 1188, and the main Templar headquarters relocated to Cyprus. However, in Tortosa, some Templars were able to retreat into the keep, which they continued to use as a base for the next 100 years. They steadily added to its fortifications until it also fell, in 1291. Tortosa was the last outpost of the Templars on the Syrian mainland, after which they retreated to a garrison on the nearby island of Arwad, which they held for another decade.
Civil war.
On May 23, 2016, the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant claimed responsibility for three suicide bombings at a bus station in Tartus, which had remained largely unaffected since the Syrian Civil War began in 2011. Purportedly targeting Alawite gatherings, the bombs killed 48 people. In Jableh, similarly insulated, another four bombers killed over a hundred people.
Economy, transportation and navy.
Tartus is an important trade center in Syria and has one of the two main ports of the country on the Mediterranean. The city port is experiencing major expansion as a lot of Iraqi imports come through the port of Tartus to aid reconstruction efforts in Iraq.
Tartus is a destination for tourists. The city has sandy beaches and several resorts. The city has seen some investments in the last few years. The largest being "Antaradus" and Porto waterfront development.
Tartus has a well-developed road network and highways. The Chemins de Fer Syriens operated railway network connects Tartus to major cities in Syria, although only the Latakia-Tartus passenger connection is in service.
Russian naval base.
Tartus hosts a Soviet-era naval supply and maintenance base, under a 1971 agreement with Syria, which is still staffed by Russian naval personnel. Tartus is the last Russian military base outside the former Soviet Union, and its only Mediterranean fueling spot, sparing Russia's warships the trip back to their Black Sea bases through straits in Turkey, a NATO member.
Main sights.
The historic centre of Tartus consists of more recent buildings built on and inside the walls of the Crusader-era Templar fortress, whose moat still separates this old town from the modern city on its northern and eastern sides. Outside the fortress few historic remains can be seen, with the exception of the former cathedral of Notre-Dame of Tartus (Our Lady of Tortosa), from the 12th century. The church is now the site of a museum.
Tartus and the surrounding area are rich in antiquities and archeological sites. Various important and well known sites are located within a 30-minute drive from Tartus. These attractions include:
Aside from these historic sites, more modern attractions include:
The outlying town of Al Hamidiyah just south of Tartus is notable for having a Greek-speaking population of about 3,000 who are the descendants of Ottoman Greek Muslims from the island of Crete but usually confusingly referred to as Cretan Turks. Their ancestors moved there in the late 19th century as refugees from Crete after the Kingdom of Greece acquired the island from the Ottoman Empire following the Greco-Turkish War of 1897. Since the start of the Iraqi War, a few thousand Iraqi nationals now reside in Tartus.


Temple of Apollo at Bassae


Norman Tait

Norman Tait (May 20, 1941 – May 21, 2016) was a Nisga'a First Nations sculptor and totem pole carver from northwestern British Columbia, Canada.
Background.
Norman Tait was born in Kincolith (Gingolx) on the Nass River in BC. His father Josiah Tait, was also a carver, and his great-grandfather was Chief Alfred Watson Mountain, Sganism Sim'oogit. His brothers Alver Tait and Robert "Chip" Tait was also an accomplished woodcarvers, as is his son Isaac.
Tait was a member of the House of Luuya'as of the Laxsgiik (Eagle clan) and holds or has held the hereditary titles Na'ax-lax, Gawaakhl, and Naawootkw Lik'inskw lax galts'ap, the last meaning "Grizzly Bear Coming onto the Village."
Tait attended residential school in Alberta and later completed high school in Prince Rupert, British Columbia.
Art career.
When he began carving in 1970, Tait sought out Nisga'a artifacts that he could study since there were no living Nisga'a master carvers for him to study. He worked with his father to raise the first Nisga'a totem pole in over 50 years. He later studied under the tutelage of the Haida carvers Freda Diesing and Gerry Marks.
During his career as a carver, Tait carved 39 totem poles. Many of these stand in British Columbia, including poles in Port Edward, Lax Kw'alaams, and Alert Bay. Five of his poles are in Vancouver, including poles at the University of British Columbia, Stanley Park, Capilano Mall, and the Native Education Centre.
In 1983, he carved the 16.5-metre (55-foot) pole at the entrance to the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago. In 1992, Tait raised a totem in the Royal families Bushy Park in London, England. Tait raised a totem pole to commemorate the opening of the Nisga'a Lisims Government building in New Aiyansh, BC, "Goothl Lisims", which translates as "the heart of the Nass". He has also carved poles standing in Osaka, Japan, and Germany, as well as many private collections.
Tait had a breakthrough in 1977 when the UBC Museum of Anthropology hosted a solo exhibit of 125 of his works. At the time, First Nations carvers were exhibited in group shows.
Tait was known for the realistic detailing of his sculptured carving, moon masks, two-dimensional doors, and jewellery.
Tait worked with his carving partner, Lucinda Turner. He began teaching Turner in 1991, and they subsequently collaborated on many carvings, including two major commissions for the Vancouver Stock Exchange. They also opened the working art gallery, Wilp's Tsaak Gallery: House of the Mischievous Man in West Vancouver.
In 2015, the West Vancouver Museum held a retrospective on Tait's work, his first solo exhibition since 1977.


Gaughan

The surname Gaughan is derived from the Old Gaelic name Ua Gáibhtheacháin, which dates to before the 10th century. Its meaning is "male descendant of a fierce warrior". However, other translations claim it means "anxious one", demonstrating their expeditious and industrious nature. Historically, Irish families were named after the first chief of their tribe. In this case, it is evident that this clan descends from an illustrious warrior. Other derivatives of Ua Gáibhtheacháin are: O'Gaughan, Gavan, Gavaghan, Gavahan, Gavigan and Gahan.
As Old Ireland evolved, the surname O'Gáibtheacháin was shortened to O'Gacháin. This name was later anglicized into Gaughan.
Sept crest.
As in most coats of arms, this crest's components reflect the character of its people. In the Gaughan coat of arms, the blue symbolizes their loyalty and thirst for truth, while the white represents their love of peace and serenity. The fish signify charity towards others and a truthful conscience. Furthermore, they are also associated with a desire for Jesus Christ to be one's spiritual nourishment. The ornate helmet included in the coat of arms indicates that they were men of high rank or gentlemen.
Sept history.
They are recorded as descendants of Amalgaid also known as Gaibtheachain son or grandson of Fiachra King of Connacht and as such are part of the Ui Amalgada of Connacht. Some versions of the genealogy say he was the fourth son of Nath also known as Dathi I High King of Ireland son of Fiachra King of Connacht son of Eochaid Mugmedon High King of Ireland but in others he is the brother of Nath. Amalgaid is recorded as being ancestor to the bishop Tírechán whose work is preserved in the book of Armagh.
The history of Ireland in the 1650s is synonymous with Oliver Cromwell's pronouncement of fate for the Catholic population. The Gaughans were a chieftain tribe in Kilkenny until the Cromwellian conquest arrived to clear the way for Protestant colonization. Cromwell's transplantation and forced relocation from 1649 to 1680 impelled the Gaughans to flee Kilkenny. Those who survived the massacres were forced to settle in Connacht (County of Mayo).
They thrived in the west of Ireland, particularly County Mayo, where they possessed territory in the Crossmolina area. They are spoken of in the Annals of the Four Masters as chiefs of Calry in the barony of Tirawley.


House Order of the Wendish Crown

The House Order of the Wendish Crown () was an Order of the House of Mecklenburg, jointly instituted on 12 May 1864 by Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Grand Duke Friedrich Wilhelm of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.
Classes.
The Order had four classes:
Gold and silver Merit Crosses were also given.


Wexford

Wexford () (Archaic: Weiseforthe (Yola language)) is the county town of County Wexford, Ireland. Wexford lies on the south side of Wexford Harbour, the estuary of the River Slaney near the southeastern corner of the island of Ireland. The town is linked to Dublin by the M11/N11 National Primary Route; and to Rosslare Europort, Cork and Waterford by the N25. The national rail network connects it to Dublin and Rosslare Europort. It had a population of 20,188 according to the 2016 census.
History.
The town was founded by the Vikings in about 800 AD. They named it "Veisafjǫrðr", meaning "inlet of the mud flats", and the name has changed only slightly into its present form. According to a story recorded in the "Dindsenchas", the name "Loch Garman" comes from a man named "Garman mac Bomma Licce" who was chased to the river mouth and drowned as a consequence of stealing the queen's crown from Temair during the feast of Samhain.
For about three hundred years it was a Viking town, a city-state, largely independent and owing only token dues to the Irish kings of Leinster. However, in May 1169 Dermot MacMurrough, King of Leinster and his Norman ally, Robert Fitz-Stephen besieged Wexford. The Norse inhabitants resisted fiercely until the Bishop of Ferns persuaded them to accept a settlement with Dermot.
Wexford was an Old English settlement in the Medieval Period. An old dialect of English, known as Yola, was spoken uniquely in Wexford up until the 19th century. The Yola name for Wexford was "Weiseforthe".
Following the Crusades, the Knights Templar had a presence in Wexford. Up to the present, their name is perpetuated in the old Knights' Templars' chapel yard of St. John's Cemetery, on Wexford's Upper St. John's Street.
County Wexford produced strong support for Confederate Ireland during the 1640s. A fleet of Confederate privateers was based in Wexford town, consisting of sailors from Flanders and Spain as well as local men. Their vessels raided English Parliamentarian shipping, giving some of the proceeds to the Confederate government in Kilkenny. As a result, the town was sacked by the English Parliamentarians during the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland in 1649. Many of its inhabitants were killed and much of the town was burned. In 1659 Solomon Richards was appointed Governor, but he was dismissed and imprisoned following the Restoration the next year.
Wexford's early- and mid- 18th century history is less frequently remembered than later periods, however the impact of this period is evidence from the architectural fabric of the town such as the gabled Dutch Billy houses such as on Main Street.
County Wexford was the centre of the 1798 rebellion against British rule. Wexford town was held by the United Irishmen throughout the Wexford Rebellion and was the scene of a notorious massacre of local loyalists by the United Irishmen, who executed them with pikes on Wexford bridge.
Redmond Square, near the railway station, commemorates the elder John Edward Redmond (1806–1865) who was Liberal MP for the city of Wexford. The inscription reads: "My heart is with the city of Wexford. Nothing can extinguish that love but the cold soil of the grave." His nephew William Archer Redmond (1825–1880) sat as an MP in Isaac Butt's Home Rule Party from 1872 until 1880. Willie Redmond sat as an MP for Wexford from 1883 until 1885. The younger John Redmond, was a devoted follower of Charles Stewart Parnell and leader of the Irish Parliamentary Party until his death in April 1918. He is interred in the Redmond family vault, at the old Knights' Templars' chapel yard of St. John's Cemetery, Upper St. John's Street.
"Redmond Park" was formally opened in May 1931 as a memorial to Willie Redmond, who died in 1917 while serving with the 16th (Irish) Division during the Messines offensive and was buried on the Western Front.
Culture.
Wexford hosts the Wexford Opera Festival every October. Dr Tom Walsh started the festival in 1951, and it has since grown into the internationally recognised festival it is today. A fireworks display is held every year in conjunction with the festival.
Wexford has a number of music and drama venues including:
Wexford is the home of several youth and senior theatre groups, including the "Buí Bolg" Street Theatre Company, Oyster Lane Theatre Group, Wexford Pantomime Society, Wexford Light Opera Society and Wexford Drama Group.
The National Lottery Skyfest was held in Wexford in March 2011 included a pyrotechnic waterfall on the towns main bridge spanning 300m. Buí Bolg also performed on the night.
Until the mid-nineteenth century, the Yola language could be heard in Wexford, and some words, phrases and place names are still used in the locality, particularly in the baronies of southern Wexford.
The food of Wexford is also distinct from the rest of Ireland, due to the local cultivation of seafood, smoked cod, mussels and rissoles being token dishes in the region.
Architecture.
Notable churches within the town include the "twin churches", Bride Street and Rowe Street with their distinctive spires; St. Iberius Church of Ireland, which dates from the 18th Century; Saint Peter's College, with a chapel designed by Augustus Welby Pugin; and Ann Street Presbyterian church. A former Quaker meeting hall is now a band room in High Street. The twin churches can be seen from any part of Wexford and in 2008, their 150th anniversary were celebrated. The larger twin, on Rowe Street, contains a peal of ten change-ringing bells, cast by Gillett & Johnston in 1930.
More recently, Wexford has seen the redevelopment of its quay front and a residential development at Clonard village. Also, the relocated offices of the Department of Environment were constructed near Wexford General Hospital on Newtown Road, and opened in 2010.
Economy.
Wexford's success as a seaport declined in the first half of the 20th century because of the constantly changing sands of Wexford Harbour. By 1968 it had become unprofitable to keep dredging a channel from the harbour mouth to the quays in order to accommodate the larger ships of the era, so the port closed. The port had been extremely important to the local economy, with coal being a major import and agricultural machinery and grain being exported. The woodworks which fronted the quays and which were synonymous with Wexford were removed in the 1990s as part of a plan to claim the quay as an amenity for the town as well as retaining it as a commercially viable waterfront.
In the early 20th century, a new port was built about to the south at Rosslare Harbour, now known as Rosslare Europort. This is a deepwater harbour, unaffected by tides and currents. All major shipping now uses this port and Wexford Port is used only by fishing boats and leisure vessels.
Johnstown Castle, approximately 6 km from Wexford town, is headquarters to Teagasc, the Environmental Protection Agency and the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine.
Major private sector employers in and around the town include Wexford Creamery, Celtic Linen, Wexford Viking Glass, Parker Hannifin IPDE, Waters Technology, Kent Stainless, Equifax and BNY Mellon. Coca-Cola operates a research plant employing up to 160. Eishtec operates a callcenter for British mobile operator EE that employs 250. Pamela Scott, A-wear and other retailers operate in the town. Public sector employers include Wexford County Council and Wexford General Hospital.
Places of interest.
Curracloe Beach, approximately 10 km north of Wexford town, was the location in 1997 for the opening scenes of "Saving Private Ryan".
The Irish National Heritage Park at Ferrycarrig includes various exhibits spanning 9000 years of Irish history, allowing the visitor to wander around re-creations of historic Irish dwelling including crannogs, Viking houses and Norman forts. The grounds also feature the archaeological site of Newtown, considered the first Norman fortification in Ireland.
The Wexford Wildfowl Reserve is a Ramsar site based on mudflats, (known locally as slobland), just outside Wexford. It is a migratory stop-off point for thousands of ducks, geese, swans and waders. Up to 12,000 (50% of the world's population) of Greenland white-fronted geese spend the winter on the Wexford slobs. There is a visitor centre with exhibitions and an audio-visual show.
Transport.
Wexford O'Hanrahan railway station opened on 17 August 1874. On 10 April 1966 the station was named after Michael O'Hanrahan, one of the executed leaders of the 1916 Easter Rising. The railway line from Dublin to Rosslare Harbour runs along the quayside on the north-eastern edge of the town. In 2010 the Rosslare Strand-Waterford rail services were suspended, due to budget cuts at Irish Rail.
Wexford is also served by local and national bus networks, primarily Bus Éireann, Wexford Bus and Ardcavan Bus. There are also many local taxi and hackney providers. Wexford Bus serves Wexford Town and rural County Wexford.
Rosslare Europort is 19 kilometres south of Wexford. Car ferries run between Fishguard and Pembroke in Wales and Cherbourg and Roscoff in France. The ferry companies operating on these routes are Stena Line and Irish Ferries. Foot passengers can use the SailRail tickets from Wexford O'Hanrahan station via Rosslare Europort and Fishguard Harbour to reach Swansea, Cardiff Central and onwards including London Paddington.
The closest airport to Wexford is Waterford Airport which is approximately one hour away (70 km). Dublin Airport and Cork Airport are both approximately two-and-a-half hours away.
The town also has a shuttle-bus service which has stops at the town's main facilities.
Sport.
Association football.
Wexford Football Club was admitted to the League of Ireland in 2007, and was the first Wexford-based club to take part in the competition. The club was the brainchild of former property developer Mick Wallace TD, who funded the construction of a complex for the new team's home at Newcastle, Ferrycarrig. In 2015, the team won the League of Ireland First Division. The club launched Wexford Youths WFC, a Women's National League team, in 2011.
Gaelic football.
Wexford is also home to several Gaelic Athletic Association clubs. Though the town was traditionally associated with Gaelic football, with six teams providing ample outlets for its youngsters, it was not until 1960 that hurling took its foothold, with much due to local man Oliver "Hopper" McGrath's contribution to the county's All-Ireland Hurling Final triumph over the then-champions Tipperary. Having scored an early second-half goal to effectively kill off the opposition, McGrath went on to be the first man from the town of Wexford to receive an All-Ireland Hurling winner's
Although the team has not achieved county senior football success since 1956, Volunteers ("the Vols") of Wexford Town hold a record eleven county senior titles, as well as six minor titles. Other notable Gaelic football clubs in the town are Sarsfields, St. Mary's of Maudlintown, Clonard and St. Joseph's.
Hurling.
One of the town's local hurling clubs, Faythe Harriers, holds a record fifteen county minor championships, having dominated the minor hurling scene in the 1950s, late 1960s and early 1970s. The senior side has also won five Wexford Senior Hurling Championships.
Other sports.
Wexford Golf Club's clubhouse and course were finished in 2006 and 2007 respectively.
Wexford has one rugby club, called the Wexford Wanderers RFC.
Ireland's former boxing head coach and Olympian Billy Walsh is a native of Wexford town and has been involved in the training of underage level boxers with local club St. Ibars/Joseph's.
Education.
There are five secondary schools serving the population of the town. These are Wexford CBS, Coláiste Éamonn Rís (boys' school); Loreto Secondary School (girls' school); St Peter's College (boys' school); Presentation Secondary School (girls' school); and The Vocational College/Selskar College (mixed school).
Twinning.
Wexford is twinned with the following places:


Bunster

Bunster is an Irish surname. People with this name include:


Tova Ben Zvi

Tova Ben Zvi (born 1928) is an Israeli singer. She is also a survivor of the Holocaust.
Biography.
Ben Zvi was born in Łódź where she lived in the ghetto. Her father was a Jewish cantor. After the ghetto began to be emptied, she was sent to Auschwitz. Later she would find out that she was the only member of her family to survive the Holocaust. After World War II ended, she went to study literature at the University of Jerusalem. Ben Zvi released her first album in 1959. She sings folk music in Yiddish and many of her songs are about reconciliation.
In 2009, "Świat Tovy", a Polish documentary about her life, was released. The thirty-minute film was directed by Michał Bukojemski. Ben Zvi was awarded the title of "Człowiek Pojednania" (Man of Reconciliation) by the Polish Council of Christians and Jews.


Rosario Pi

Rosario Pi was a Catalan film director, producer, and screenwriter. With the release of her 1936 film "El Gato montés" ("The Wildcat)" she became one of Spain's women film pioneers, along with Elena Jordi and Helena Cortesina. She also directed "Molinos de viento". Her Star Films Movie Company produced the first talkies in Spain.
Biography.
Rosario was born in Barcelona in 1899 into a family that owned a textile factory in Sabadell. She walked with a limp from a young age (likely due to polio, according to historians).
As a young woman, she forged a path for herself as an entrepreneur, starting her own lingerie business in Barcelona. When her business failed in 1929, she moved to Madrid and entered the fledgling film industry, forming a production company called Star Films. Star Films produced the first Spanish talkies. In 1935 she made her debut as director with "El Gato Montés" (The Wildcat), released in 1936, an adaptation of the Manuel Penella Moreno's operetta of the same name. After she moved back to Barcelona to direct her second feature film "Molinos de viento" in 1937, during the Spanish Civil War, her career as a filmmaker more or less ended, and she was forced into exile in Italy. Unfortunately, her film "Molinos de viento," starring Maria Mercader, is lost. In Rome, she worked as Maria Mercader's agent, who soon became one of Cinecittà film studios stars. Some critics believe that Pi Brujas continued working in the film industry in Rome, and was the uncredited director of the film "Forza bruta" (1940). For Magí Crusells and Jordi Sebastian, back in Madrid, she run a restaurant and worked as a journalist under the pseudonym of Rizpay. For Martin-Márquez she instead got a job at the Casa Mabel, a fashion designer that produced costumes for the film industry and made Ana Mariscal's dresses. Ironically, Mariscal was the actress who, just a few years later, would take Rosario Pi's place as the sole woman filmmaker in Spain.


Elkie Brooks

Elkie Brooks (born Elaine Bookbinder, 25 February 1945) is an English rock, blues and jazz singer. She was a vocalist with the bands Dada and Vinegar Joe, and later became a solo artist. She gained her biggest success in the late 1970s and 1980s, releasing 13 UK Top 75 singles, and reached the top ten with "Pearl's a Singer", "Sunshine After the Rain" and the title track of the album "No More the Fool". She has been nominated twice for Brit Awards.
Brooks is a Gold Badge Award of Merit winner from the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors (BASCA) (now The Ivors Academy).
She is generally referred to as the "British Queen of Blues".
Life and career.
Early career and Vinegar Joe.
Brooks was born Elaine Bookbinder in Broughton, Salford, the daughter of Marjorie Violet "Vi" (née Newton) and Kalmon Charles "Charlie" Bookbinder. She was raised in Prestwich. She attended North Salford Secondary Modern School.
Her older brothers are Raymond Bookbinder (born 1938) and Anthony Bookbinder (born 28 May 1943), who went by the stage name of Tony Mansfield, and was drummer for Billy J. Kramer with the Dakotas, on their run of 1960s hit records.
According to Brooks, her unofficial debut was a gig at a club called the "Laronde" on Cheetham Hill Road, Manchester, when she was 13 years old. She first sang professionally at the age of 15, and her first record, a cover of Etta James's "Something's Got a Hold on Me", was released on Decca in 1964. Brooks spent most of the 1960s on Britain's cabaret scene, a period of her life that she did not particularly enjoy. In the mid 1960s she supported the Beatles in their Christmas show in London, then, as an established act, helped the Small Faces in their early career by introducing them at several venues. She went on to tour the United States with several bands, including the Animals. She also toured the then communist Poland with Jon Lord's The Artwoods.
After she met Pete Gage, whom she would marry, she joined the short-lived blues rock fusioneers Dada before forming Vinegar Joe with Gage and Robert Palmer. Brooks gained the reputation as the wild woman of rock 'n' roll due to her wild stage performances. After three albums, they split up in 1974, and Brooks and Palmer pursued separate solo careers. After a time as backing singer with the American southern boogie band Wet Willie, she returned to England.
Solo career and chart success.
Her first solo album on A&M records was "Rich Man's Woman" (1975). It was released to critical acclaim, but Brooks was criticised because of the album's cover shot of a naked Brooks with a feather boa, which was considered outrageous for the time.
It came before a run of 16 albums in 20 years, starting with "Two Days Away" (1977), produced by the songwriting duo Leiber & Stoller, who had also worked with Elvis Presley and many others. Brooks also wrote some tracks with them. The hits "Pearl's a Singer" and "Sunshine After the Rain" came from this album. That same year, Brooks duetted with Cat Stevens in the song, "Remember the Days of the Old Schoolyard". The albums "Shooting Star" (1978) and "Live and Learn" (1979) also saw success along with the singles "Lilac Wine" and "Don't Cry Out Loud". Her polished, powerful cover of Gallagher and Lyle's "The Runaway", saw the Scottish singer-songwriters appear with Brooks on TOTP's to provide backing vocals.
In 1980, Brooks performed at the Knebworth Festival with the Beach Boys, Santana and Mike Oldfield. The "Pearls" album released in 1981 achieved the biggest success of her career, charting for 79 weeks and reaching No 2, the album was still in the charts one year later when "Pearls ll (1982)" reached No 5 and spent 26 weeks on the UK charts. The Gus Dudgeon produced "Fool If You Think It's Over (1981)" was a major hit single for Brooks, written by Chris Rea. Other charts singles followed with "Our Love" "Nights In White Satin" & Gasoline Alley all produced by Gus Dudgeon. "Minutes" (1984) and "Screen Gems" (1984), were both all UK album chart hits in the same year.
In 1986, she sang the title song for the BBC television series "A Very Peculiar Practice". The song, written by Dave Greenslade, was never released as a commercial recording.
In early 1987, the song "No More the Fool" reached the top five and became her biggest hit single to date with the parent album also reaching the top five. This led to her achieving another career peak, as she had two albums in the Top Ten and a single in the Top Ten all on the same week. Following chart success ensued with the albums "The Very Best of Elkie Brooks" (1986), "Bookbinder's Kid" (1988), "Inspiration" (1989), "Round Midnight" (1993), "Nothin' but the Blues" (1994), "Amazing" (1996) and "The Very Best of Elkie Brooks" (1997).
In March 2003, she participated in the ITV music talent show "Reborn in the USA", alongside musicians such as Peter Cox, Tony Hadley and Leee John. Also in 2003 she issued a CD, "Trouble in Mind", with the acclaimed Humphrey Lyttelton and his Band, which included Bad Penny Blues with added lyrics. The "Electric Lady" album (2005) produced by son Jermaine Jordan saw a return to her blues and rock roots, featuring self-penned tracks alongside re-workings of numbers by the Doors, Bob Dylan, Paul Rodgers and Tony Joe White. The following year saw the release of her first official DVD, "Elkie Brooks & Friends: Pearls", featuring an array of guest musicians.
Brooks's twentieth studio album, "Powerless" also produced by son Jermaine Jordan was released in 2010, featuring songs such as Prince's "Purple Rain" and Dylan's "Make You Feel My Love". She continues to perform live throughout the UK and Ireland. In 2012, Brooks released her autobiography "Finding My Voice", published by The Robson Press. In it she details her life and career, focusing on her love of performing live and the downsides of the recording business, which has often left her financially no better off.
In July 2017 after signing to Virgin EMI she issued a new CD "Elkie Brooks: Pearls The Very Best Of", which charted at No 14 and included two new singles: "Love Ain't Something that You Can Get for Free" and the Bryan Adams penned "Forgive and Forget" later in the year a remix of the 1979 album track "The Rising Cost of Love" was also released as a single, all 3 singles made it to the Radio 2 'A' playlist with "Forgive & Forget" being the Radio 2 "Record of the Week" . Brooks promoted the CD with several appearances on Radio 2 shows and the BBC's "The One Show", "Live at the Palladium" & "Aled Jones Show". Later in the year Brooks appeared at the London Palladium, on 19 September, to mark 40 years since her first sell out week there in 1977. The show celebrated her 40 years of success since the hit single "Pearl's a Singer" was released.
In 2017 Brooks recorded the closing theme song "Running to the Future" for the British movie "Finding Your Feet", starring Imelda Staunton, Timothy Spall, Celia Imrie and Joanna Lumley. The track was released as a download only single and was included in the soundtrack CD album. Her self-penned song "Just An Excuse" has been the subject of various remixes, most notably appearing on the Bonobo album "Migration" (2017) which was a UK No 5 hit. Brooks has performed live since 1960 and continuously every year since 1977 with current concert dates set throughout 2020 billed as the 60th anniversary tour.
Personal life.
In the early to mid-1970s, Brooks was married to guitarist Pete Gage. On 1 March 1978, she married her sound engineer, Trevor Jordan. They are still married, live in Devon and have two sons, Jermaine (born 22 December 1979) and Joseph (born 31 December 1986). Between 1981 and 2002 they lived in a mansion in a secluded area of North Devon. However, in 1998, after her accountant informed her that he had not been paying her taxes, Brooks found herself in severe debt and was reduced to living in a mobile home. After four years of increasing interest bills and loans, Brooks managed to sell her home (after being threatened with repossession) and cleared all of her debts. In 2000 Brooks's management and tour promotion was taken over by husband-and-wife team Jermaine and Joanna Jordan (Brooks's elder son and his wife).
Awards.
British Phonographic Industry Certifications:
Two Days Away, Silver Album, 10 March 1978
Two Days Away, Gold Album, 10 March 1978
Shooting Star, Silver Album, 4 May 1978
Pearls, Silver Album, 6 November 1981
Pearls, Platinum Album, 6 November 1981
Pearls, Gold Album, 6 November 1981
Pearls Ii, Silver Album, 30 November 1982
Pearls Ii, Platinum Album, 30 November 1982
Pearls Ii, Gold Album, 30 November 1982
Screen Gems, Silver Album, 26 November 1984
Screen Gems, Gold Album, 7 December 1984
No More The Fool, Silver Album, 8 January 1987
No More The Fool, Gold Album, 26 January 1987
The Very Best Of Elkie Brooks, Gold Album, 9 April 1998
The Very Best Of Elkie Brooks, Silver Album, 9 April 1998
The Best Of, Gold Album, 22 July 2013


High School Musical cast discography

The discography of the cast of the American film series "High School Musical"—primarily composed of Zac Efron, Vanessa Hudgens, Ashley Tisdale, Lucas Grabeel, Corbin Bleu and Monique Coleman—consists of three soundtrack albums, one live album, five compilation albums, two remix albums, one extended play and twelve singles. All albums and singles were released on Walt Disney Records. Collectively, the three soundtrack albums have sold 9.8 million copies in the United States, as of January 2016.


Aerospace Heritage Foundation of Canada

The Aerospace Heritage Foundation of Canada is a federally chartered and non-profit organization based in Etobicoke, Toronto, Ontario, that is dedicated to preserving and promoting the achievements of the Canadian aerospace industry.
History.
In March 1988 a group of ex-Avro Canada employees and other aviation enthusiasts held a 30th Anniversary Dinner and Reunion to celebrate the First Flight of the Avro Arrow. The then Science Specialist with Citytv Toronto David C. Onley, the current Honourable Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario, proposed that a full-scale replica model of the Avro Arrow be constructed. This would provide Canadians with a physical legacy for future generations to see and appreciate and to understand the technological base that became Canada's Aerospace Industry today.
As a result of this suggestion a committee was formed with Mr. David Onley as President along with James C. Floyd, former Vice President Engineering Avro Canada, Mario Pesando, Syd Britton, Nicholas Doran, Jim Mitchell, Eddy Metz, Bill Turner and Ray Gibson. Their discussions led to the formation in the summer of 1988 of the Canadian Aerospace Heritage Foundation.
In the spring of 1989 the name was changed to the Aerospace Heritage Foundation of Canada and the first Annual Report was presented in December 1989.
Administration.
The A.H.F.C. is made up of a Board of Directors (consisting of a President and various Directors), General Membership, and various other volunteers. The Board of Directors meets approximately 9 times per year along with an Annual General Membership Meeting.
The A.H.F.C. also has had various Patrons over the years. In March 1990, James (Jim) C. Floyd was named Patron of the A.H.F.C. He resigned at the end of May 1997 and was succeeded by Colonel (hon) William (Bill) Coyle, O StJ, O.Ont. Bill Coyle was employed by Avro Aircraft Ltd. Malton Ontario in the Experimental Flight Test Engineering Group and is Honorary Colonel Canadian Forces School of Aerospace Technology and Engineering.
Social contributions.
A major focus of the A.H.F.C over the years has been the organizing of Dinners and Reunions to commemorate Avro and Orenda's achievements including such things as the founding of Orenda, the first flight of the Avro Jetliner, Avro CF-100 and the Avro Arrow.
Another area of contributions has been in awards and bursaries. March 1990 saw the establishment of the "James C. Floyd Award for Outstanding Contribution to Canadian Aerospace" with Test Pilot Janusz Zurakowski as the first recipient. The issuing of the award was passed on to the Aerospace Industries Association of Canada in 2010 with it being awarded for the first time through them in October 2010.
The A.H.F.C. supports the 845 Avro Arrow Squadron of the Royal Canadian Air Cadets by sponsoring two annual awards, "The James C. Floyd Trophy" for Outstanding Engineering Excellence and the "Janusz Zurakowski Trophy" for Gliding Excellence. A bursary is also presented to the recipients for each of these awards .
The A.H.F.C. also conducts various educational efforts including displays at various venues and lectures to interested groups. They loan out selected artifacts from their collection to museums. Some of these items can be seen at places like the Ontario Science Centre and the Canadian Air and Space Museum.
Projects.
In 1995 for the 50th Anniversary of the Avro Canada CF100 the A.H.F.C. raised monies for the refurbishment of a CF100 mounted on a pedestal at Derry Road next to the Orenda Plant in Malton Ontario.
Over the years since its formation the A.H.F.C. has also conducted an underwater search in Lake Ontario in an attempt to recover one or more of the Avro Arrow Aerodynamic Test Models fired aboard a Nike (rocket) over the lake. Much interest in this project has been expressed with programs such as the History Channel, Discovery Channel, and the National Geographic Channel. The Sea Hunters have also produced a program on the A.H.F.C. involvement in the ongoing search for the models.
In 2004 the Canadian Navy along with A.H.F.C. members, using two Navy vessels as a training exercise, conducted searches of areas previously identified in 2003. Search efforts have continued in a limited capacity in the years since through other organizations.
A memorial is currently in progress in tribute of the memory of Flight-Lieutenant Bruce Warren of Toronto and Avro Engineer Bob Ostrander of Brampton both of whom died in the crash of the second prototype Avro CF-100 #18102. It crashed on Thursday April 5, 1951, at 10:50am near Komoka Ontario.


List of years in South African television

This is a list of years in South African television.


Verbunkos

Verbunkos (), other spellings being "Verbounko", "Verbunko", "Verbunkas", "Werbunkos", "Werbunkosch", "Verbunkoche"; sometimes known simply as the hongroise or ungarischer Tanz is an 18th-century Hungarian dance and music genre.
The verbunkos is typically in a pair of sections, slow ("lassú"), with a characteristic dotted rhythm, and fast ("friss"), with virtuosic running-note passages. In some cases, this slow-fast pair alternates at greater length.
The name is derived from the German word "Werbung", a noun derived from the verb "werben" that means, in particular, "to recruit"; verbunkos—recruiter. This music and dance was played during military recruiting before the Habsburg Emperors, who were also Kings of Hungary, introduced conscription in 1849. A group of a dozen hussars performed the dance in different parts, with the leading sergeant opening with slow movements, then the lower officers joining for more energetic parts, and the youngest soldiers concluding the dance with jumps and spur-clicking.
Despite its name, the melodies originate from Hungarian folk and popular music and have been sometimes attributed to Romani people (Gypsies), because the accompaniment was usually played by Romani musicians in characteristic Romani style.
The Romani composer János Bihari (1764–1827) remains the most well-known composer and interpreter of verbunkos. Eighty-four compositions of his remain. Bihari was an accomplished violinist during his lifetime, and he played in the court in Vienna during the entire Congress of Vienna in 1814. Another composer of verbunkos was József Kossovits (d. c. 1819).
Already with the establishment in 1837 of the Hungarian National Theatre in Pest, the verbunkos style had begun to change under the influence of the first director of the theatre and Hungary's most important operatic composer, Ferenc Erkel, whose most successful operas were Hunyadi László (1844) and Bánk bán (1861).
Haydn incorporated verbunkos into the well-known "Gypsy Rondo" piano trio, composed in 1795. Béla Bartók's "Contrasts" (1938), a trio for clarinet, piano and violin, is in three movements, the first of which is named Verbunkos. His Violin Concerto No. 2 is also an example of verbunkos style.
Slovácko verbuňk.
The Slovácko verbuňk is also an improvised folk dance in the South Moravia and Zlín districts of the Czech Republic, and was inscribed in 2008 on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity of UNESCO.


The Stool Pigeon (newspaper)

The Stool Pigeon was an independent bi-monthly free UK music newspaper, printed in the format of a Victorian tabloid. It was founded in 2005 by designer Mickey Gibbons and editor Phil Hebblethwaite and had a circulation of more than 50,000.
Description.
"The Stool Pigeon" was founded in 2005, with £10,000 in start-up funds provided by a Levi's marketing executive and former house music producer who liked the name, because he had once made a successful record sampling "Stool Pigeon" by Kid Creole and the Coconuts. The initial print run of 10,000 had grown to 60,000 copies after five years, with five issues appearing per year, distributed free in 72 towns and cities. The paper's articles are written by established music journalists (some contributing pseudonymously), industry figures and musicians.
Founded by an award-winning magazine designer, Mickey Gibbons, "The Stool Pigeon" had a strong print identity that was modelled on Victorian tabloids. According to editor Hebblethwaite, "This is a love affair with the printed word. We go to libraries to study old newspapers – we will never just be a website, and I've never thought of the internet as a threat. In a way, "Stool Pigeon" is the equivalent of a vinyl record." As for its editorial philosophy, Hebblethwaite has said, "It will never follow hype, shake the oily hands of those who wish to influence her, lick the arses of musicians, or print top 10 lists."
"Stool Pigeon" ceased publication with its last issue December/January 2013.
Reception.
Michael Hann, writing for "The Guardian", said that what set the paper apart was its unconventional presentation style, with word plays in headlines such as "Wet Paint dripping in confidence at dry run for Bloc Party tour" or "Wolf People as good as a bit of howl's your father". According to "TransitionTradition", "The Stool Pigeon" offered "a candid, if not sometimes ruthless, response to the music industry from the inside outwards".
A 2011 article in "Music Week" reported that "The Stool Pigeon" had an average readership in excess of 50,000 readers in the UK and Ireland, putting it ahead of titles like "Kerrang!" and "NME". The paper was also available in Berlin.


National Artist (Thailand)

The National Artist (, , ) is a title given annually by the Office of the National Culture Commission of Thailand, recognizing notable Thai artists in the area of intangible cultural heritage such as literature, fine arts, visual arts, applied arts (architecture, design) and performing arts (Thai dance, international dance, puppetry, shadow play, Thai music, international music, drama and film).
Since 1985, the honors have been presented on 24 February, "National Artist Day", in Thailand. The date was chosen because it is the birthdate of Buddha Loetla Nabhalai, or King Rama II, who was an artist himself. In 1986, King Bhumibol Adulyadej, an accomplished musician, photographer, and painter, was named "Supreme Artist".
National artists receive a monthly salary of 20,000 baht and a lifetime healthcare allowance of up to 100,000 baht.
The pieces of work perceived of being on the highest level are exhibited in the Supreme Artist Hall.


Grace Medicine Flower

Grace Medicine Flower is a potter, best known for her intricately carved miniature redware and blackware.
Early life and education.
Grace Medicine Flower was born in 1938 at Santa Clara Pueblo, New Mexico. She is a member of the famous Tafoya pottery family and the niece of Margaret Tafoya. Her pots from 1968 to 1972 were done in collaboration with her father, Camilio Tafoya, and are signed with both of their names.
Themes.
Grace Medicine Flower's work reflects the spiritual beliefs of her ancestors and often features birds, wildlife, and flowers.
Work.
Medicine Flower creates her pottery from local clay she digs herself at Santa Clara Pueblo. She dries the clay in the sun and fires the work outside. She uses a knife or nail to carve her designs using the sgraffito style. Her work began in miniatures but has evolved to include larger bowls and jars.
Awards and nominations.
Medicine Flower's work has won multiple awards at the Gallup Inter-Tribal Ceremonials.


Captain Calamity (film)

Captain Calamity is a 1936 American South Seas adventure film directed by John Reinhardt and starring George Houston released by Grand National Pictures. It was filmed in an early colour process called Hirlicolor at Talisman Studios and Santa Catalina Island, California.
Plot.
A penniless ship's captain is taking a passenger ashore after their voyage. The passenger throws a gold coin in the ocean that he says has been bad luck to him as it was a gift from his ex-fiancee. The Captain sends one of his men, an experienced underwater diver, to successfully retrieve it. The passenger explains that is a gold Spanish doubloon and the Captain is more than welcome to it.
Going ashore, the Captain decides to have some fun by telling stories indicating that he discovered four chests full of the coins, which were pirate treasure. The news spreads throughout the island and leads to kidnapping, torture, murder and an attack on the Captain's ship.
Cast.
Gordon Jones, Maria Kalamo and John Van Pelt appear uncredited. The pig that appeared in the film was barbecued and served to the cast.
Spanish version.
A Spanish-language version, "El capitan Tormenta" was filmed alongside "Captain Calamity". Roy D'Arcy Juan Torena, Barry Norton and Movita reprised their roles (though most of the character names were changed). Fortunio Bonanova replaced Huston in the title role and Lupita Tovar served as Nixon's Spanish-language alternative, renamed Magda. Supposedly, producer Hirliman had wanted Tovar to play the female lead in both productions, but she only appeared in the Spanish version.


Sanguine (heraldry)

Sanguine () is a stain, or non-standard tincture in heraldry, of a blood-red colour. In the past it was sometimes taken to be equivalent to murrey, but they are now considered two distinct tinctures. It is a darker red, the colour of arterial blood. A shade of red used to depict the tincture Sanguine in armorials should be darker than the shade used for regular Gules, as the shade of purple used for murrey should be darker than the one used for Purpure. It also should stick into red, by avoiding turning to brown (in order not to introduce confusion with tenné)
Roundels of sanguine are referred to as "guzes", from the Turkish "göz", meaning an eye.
Latvia is the only nation in Christendom which uses the color Sanguine. The difference in hue between its flag's red and the regular red used in other flags, can serve as a reference for the color Sanguine.


Brama coat of arms

Brama - is a Polish coat of arms. It was used by several szlachta families during the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Notable bearers.
Notable bearers of this coat of arms include:
Puzyna coat of arms (Brama odm. Puzyna).
Puzyna.
Notable bearers of this coat of arms include:


Galway (disambiguation)

Galway is a city in Ireland.
Galway may also refer to:


Joseph Taylor (actor)

Joseph Taylor (died 1652) was a 17th-century English actor. As the successor of Richard Burbage as the leading actor with the King's Men, he was arguably the most important actor in the later Jacobean and the Caroline eras.
Early career.
Taylor started as a child actor with the Children of the Chapel in the first decade of the century. As he matured he remained in the profession, with the Lady Elizabeth's Men and Prince Charles's Men. With those companies, he developed into an important leading man.
King's men.
Richard Burbage died in March 1619; Taylor joined the King's Men the next month, and over the coming years he acted all the major roles of the Shakespearean canon. According to James Wright's "Historia Histrionica" (1699), Taylor "acted Hamlet incomparably well" and was noted for his Iago. He was also famous for the parts of Paris in "The Roman Actor" (Philip Massinger), Ferdinand in "The Duchess of Malfi" (John Webster), and Mosca in "Volpone," Face in "The Alchemist," and Truewit in "Epicene" (all by Ben Jonson). Taylor starred in many King's men plays; he played the protagonists in Massinger's "The Picture" and Arthur Wilson's "The Swisser"; he was the Duke in Lodowick Carlell's "The Deserving Favourite".
Leadership.
Taylor and John Lowin became leaders of the King's Men after the deaths of Henry Condell (1627) and John Heminges (1630). At the same time (1630), Taylor gained a share in the Blackfriars Theatre, and two shares in the Globe. Together with Cuthbert Burbage, Richard Robinson and Winifred (d.1642), his wife, William Heminges, and John Lowin, Taylor filed a Bill of Complaint on 28 January 1632 in the Court of Requests against the owner of the Globe, Sir Matthew Brend, in order to obtain confirmation of an extension of the 31-year lease originally granted by Sir Matthew Brend's father, Nicholas Brend.
He was one of the King's Men who signed the dedication of the first Beaumont and Fletcher folio of 1647.
Commonwealth period.
Taylor and other King's Men struggled during the Commonwealth period when the theatres were officially closed; they performed when and where they could. On 1 January 1649, Taylor, Lowin, and other company members were arrested while acting "Rollo Duke of Normandy" at the Cockpit Theatre. (Taylor played the title role.) They were incarcerated for a short time, then released.
In 1652 a special publication of John Fletcher's "The Wild Goose Chase" was issued; the proceeds went to Lowin and Taylor to relieve their financial need. Taylor and Lowin had played the roles of Belleur and Mirabel in the King's Men's production of the play. "The Wild Goose Chase" had been lost and was left out of the first Beaumont and Fletcher folio, then rediscovered and published.
The date of Taylor's death is not known with certainty, though he was buried on 4 November 1652.
Cast lists.
In the 25 cast lists that were added to the second Beaumont and Fletcher folio of 1679, Taylor is mentioned in 18, for the following plays:
His total is second only to Lowin's 21. The lists for "The Coxcomb" and "The Humorous Lieutenant" refer to the companies to which Taylor belonged early in his career; the other 16 refer to the King's Men. On 11 of the lists, Taylor is mentioned first, an index of his standing as the company's leading player. (For comparison, Burbage is on seven of the lists, and always in first place.)


Queen of the Sea (film)

Queen of the Sea is a 1918 American silent fantasy film released by Fox Film Corporation that was directed by John G. Adolfi and starred Australian swimmer Annette Kellerman. This film is presumed to be lost.
Plot.
As described in the trade magazine "Exhibitors Herald":
Merilla, Queen of the Sea, finds a book among wreckage at the bottom of the sea which contains a prophesy that she will save four human beings and then receive the reward of a human body of her own with an immortal soul. King Boreas (Law), master of the storms, wrecks many ships and sends his sirens to drag the victims to certain death. Merilla saves the predicted lives, and Boreas confines her in a cave. She is freed by Prince Hero, the fourth life she has saved, who is on his way to meet his betrothed. They fall in love with each other, but Ariela tells them that they must be unselfish. The Prince goes on to meet the Princess, who is really in love with one of her courtiers. Boreas captures the Princess and confines her in the Tower of Knives and Swords, a worse dungeon than the one in which Merilla had been confined. Merilla has received a human body and such a beautiful soul that she resolves to rescue the Princess, even though this will mean the loss of the Prince. She goes to the Tower and reaches the Princess, encourages her, and then walks out on a spider's thread to a point where she can warn the Prince of the great danger. He and his knights come just in time to save them from a horrible fate. The Princess confesses her love for the courtier, and the two couples are then happy in possession of each other.
Production.
"Queen of the Sea" followed Fox's big budget picture "A Daughter of the Gods", another fantasy spectacle designed around Annette Kellerman and her aquatic abilities. Kellerman was well known for stunt dives; at least one high dive was incorporated in the plot of "Queen" as well as a tight-rope walk, both executed by Kellerman herself. After "Queen of the Sea" Kellerman would only make two more major motion pictures.
Cast and crew spent two months in 1917 filming on Mount Desert Island in Maine; additional exterior shots were filmed in Bermuda, Jamaica, Florida, Mexico, and California.
Panchromatic film, which provided superior tonal quality but had a problematically short shelf life, was first used in motion pictures for some of the exterior shots on "Queen of the Sea".


If I Were You (2006 film)

If I Were You () is a 2006 Brazilian comedy film directed by Daniel Filho.
The film was a box office success, having the largest audience of a Brazilian film in 2006. It was followed by the sequel "Se Eu Fosse Você 2" (2009).
Plot.
The film follows the story of Cláudio, a successful publicist who owns his own agency, and Helena, his wife, a music teacher who takes care of a children's choir. Accustomed to the day-by-day marriage routine, they occasionally argue. One day they have a bigger fight than normal, which causes something inexplicable to happen: they switch bodies. Terrified, Claudio and Helena try to appear normal until they can reverse the situation. But to do so they will have to fully assume each other's lives.


Pooja Entertainment

Pooja Entertainment is an Indian production and distribution company established by Vashu Bhagnani in 1995. It is located in Mumbai, Maharastra, India. The company is known for Movies such as Coolie no.1, Biwi no.1, Rangrezz, Shaadi no.1 and Jawaani Jaaneman.
Filmography.
Their upcoming movies are Ganpath, which they have launched the first look, Bell bottom and Karna.


Trubetsky coat of arms

Trubetsky is a Ruthenian-Polish-Russian coat of arms. It has been used by the Trubetsky family.
History.
The Trubetsky coat of arms consist of four parts:
Notable bearers.
Notable bearers of this coat of arms include:


Bhaktapur Durbar Square

Bhaktapur Durbar Square, (Nepal Bhasa: Devanagari : ख्वप लायकू, Prachalit Nepal alphabet:𑐏𑑂𑐰𑐥 𑐮𑐵𑐫𑐎𑐹) is the royal palace of the old Bhaktapur Kingdom, above sea level. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The Bhaktapur Durbar Square is located in the current town of Bhaktapur, also known as Khwopa, which lies 13 km east of Kathmandu. While the complex consists of at least four distinct squares (Durbar Square, Taumadhi Square, Dattatreya Square and Pottery Square), the whole area is informally known as the Bhaktapur Durbar Square and is a highly visited site in the Kathmandu Valley
Detailed information and pictures can be found in : https://www.bhaktapur.com/
Major attractions.
The major attraction of this place are:
Nge Nyapa Jhya Laaykoo (55 window palace).
'The Palace of Fifty-five Windows
("Nge Nyapa Jhya Laaykoo", Devanagari: ङेङापा झ्यः लायकू, Prachalit
) was built during the reign of the Malla King Bhupendra Malla who ruled from 1696 to 1722 AD and was not complete until 1754 AD during the reign of his son Ranjit Malla.
Vatsala Temple.
Vatsala Temple was a stone temple dedicated to goddess Vatsala Devi that included many magnificent
carvings. It was most famous for its silver bell, known to local residents as "the bell of barking dogs" as when it was rung, dogs in the vicinity barked and howled. The colossal bell was hung by King Ranjit Malla in 1737 AD and was used to sound the daily curfew. It was rung every morning when goddess Taleju was worshiped. Despite the Temple being completely demolished by the 2015 Gorkha earthquake, the bell remains intact.
Statue of Bhupatindra Malla.
The Statue of King Bhupatindra Malla in the act of worship can be seen on a column facing the palace. Of the square's many statues, this is considered to be the most magnificent.
Nyatapola Temple.
"Nyatapola" in Newari language means five stories - the symbolic of five basic elements. This is the biggest and highest pagoda of Nepal ever built with such architectural perfection and artistic beauty. The temple's foundation is said to be made wider than its base. The temple is open for the public once a year - during "Dashain". The temple is dedicated to the goddess Shiddhilaxmi. Those statues lined up on the 2 sides of the staircase are built as guardians of the temple and the residing goddess, which we can see in five layers from the base of temple. It is said that it took three generations to complete that temple. The temple is famously known as "Panch Tale Mandira."
Bhairava Nath Temple.
The Bhairab Nath Temple is dedicated to Bhairava, the most fierce manifestation of Lord Shiva.
Lun Dhwākhā (Golden Gate).
"Lun Dhwākhā", Devanagari:लुँ ध्वाखा, Prachalit: 𑐮𑐸𑑃 𑐢𑑂𑐰𑐵𑐏𑐵, (The Golden Gate)" is said to be the most beautiful and richly molded specimen of its kind in the entire world. The door is surmounted by a figure of the Hindu goddess Kali and Garuda (mythical griffin) and attended by two heavenly nymphs. It is embellished with monsters and other Hindu mythical creatures of marvelous intricacy. Percy Brown, an eminent English art critic and historian, described the Golden Gate as "the most lovely piece of art in the whole Kingdom; it is placed like a jewel, flashing innumerable facets in the handsome setting of its surroundings." The gate was erected by King Ranjit Malla and is the entrance to the main courtyard of the palace of fifty-five windows.
Lion's Gate.
The magnificent and beautiful gate was built by artisans whose hands were said to have been severed upon completion by the envious Bhadgaun king so that no more of such masterpieces could be reproduced.
Mini Pashupati Temple.
The holy god Shiva temple, the mini Pashupati, is believed to be built right in front of the palace after a Bhadgaun king dreamed of it.
Temples.
Erotic elephants temple — On the left just before the entrance way to the square is a hiti (water fountain). A few steps before that but on the other side of the road, just 100m before the entrance way, is a tiny double-roofed Shiva-Parvati Temple with some erotic carvings on its struts. One of these shows a pair of copulating elephants, in the missionary position: Kisi (elephant) Kamasutra.
Ugrachandi and Ugrabhairab — Near the main gate at the west end, one can admire a pair of multiple-armed statues of the terrible god Ugrabhairab and his counterpart Ugrachandi, the fearsome manifestation of Shiva’s consort Parvati. The statues date back to 1701 A.D. and it is said that the unfortunate sculptor had his hands cut off afterward, to prevent him from duplicating his masterpieces. Ugrachandi has eighteen arms holding weapons, and she is in the position of casually killing a (Buffalo) demon. Bhairab has twelve arms and both god and goddess are garlanded with necklaces of human heads.
Rameshwar Temple — The first temple one notices on the right of the gate is Rameshwar, in front of Gopi Nath Temple which is a Gum Baja style. It is an open shrine with four pillars and it is dedicated to Shiva. The name Rameshwar comes from that it was Ram as an incarnation of Vishnu who had the original temple of Mahadev built at Rameshwar Temple in South India.
Badrinath Temple — A small temple west of the Gopi Nath Temple locally known as Badri Narayan is dedicated to Vishnu and Narayan.
Gopi Nath Temple — Two roofed pagoda style is the Gopi Nath Temple, attached to Rameshwar Temple that houses the three deities Balaram, Subhadra and Krishna. It is difficult to see the deities as the door remains mostly closed. The temple is also known as Jagannath, which is another form taken by Vishnu. Dwarka, also known as the Krishna Temple, houses three deities, left to right: Satyabhama, Krishna, and Radha. Their images are carved in stone. In the month of Mangsir (November/December), the deities are placed in a palanquin and taken around the city.
Kedarnath Temple — The terracotta made Shikara style temple is the Kedarnath (Shiva) Temple.
Hanuman Statue — The entrance to the National Art Gallery is flanked by the figure of Hanuman, the monkey god, who appears in Tantric form as the four armed Hanuman Bhairab. Hanuman is worshiped for strength and the devotion.
Vatsala Devi Temple — Directly in front of the palace and beside the king’s statue and next to the Taleju Bell is the Vatsala Devi Temple. This Shikhara style temple is completely constructed in sandstone and is built upon a three-stage plinth, and has similarities to the Krishna temple of Patan. It is dedicated to Vatsala Devi, a form of the goddess Durga. The temple was originally built by King Jitamitra Malla in 1696 A.D. The structure that can be seen today, however, is reconstructed by King Bhupatindra Malla and dates back to the late 17th or early 18th century. Behind the temple is a water source called dhunge dhara and next to it stands the Chayslin Mandap.
Layout.
The Durbar Square proper houses the 55-window Palace which was constructed by King Jitamitra Malla and was home to royalty until 1769. It is now a national gallery. Close by is the Golden Gate which leads into Mulchok Court which is home to the Taleju Temple. This temple, like others in the main towns of the Kathmandu Valley, is dedicated to the goddess Taleju Bhawani and includes shrines to both the Taleju Bhawani and Kumari. Entrance to the temple is restricted and the living goddess strictly cannot be photographed.
The Durbar square is surrounded by spectacular architecture and vividly showcases the skills of the Newari artists and craftsmen over several countries. The royal palace was originally situated at Dattaraya square and was only later moved to the Durbar Square location.
Impact of earthquakes.
The Durbar Square was severely damaged by the earthquake in 1934 and hence appears more spacious than the others, in Kathmandu and Patan.
Originally, there were 99 courtyards attached to this place, but now only 6 remain. Before the 1934 earthquake, there were 3 separate groups of temples. Currently, the square is surrounded by buildings that survived the quake.
On 25 April 2015, another major earthquake damaged many buildings in the square. The main temple in Bhaktapur's square lost its roof, while the Vatsala Devi temple, famous for its sandstone walls and gold-topped pagodas, was also demolished.


The London Paper

The London Paper (stylised as thelondonpaper) was a free daily newspaper, published by NI Free Newspapers Ltd, a subsidiary of News International (who also own the companies that publish "The Sun" and "The Times"). It was available from Monday to Friday each week in Central London from 4 September 2006 until 18 September 2009 (its final print-run before closure).
Background.
The paper was the first London newspaper to be published in direct competition with the "Evening Standard" since 1987 and Robert Maxwell's short-lived "London Daily News". It was also the first newspaper to be launched by News International (the publisher's other titles were bought many years after initial publication).
The week before "The London Paper" was first published, Associated Newspapers, the publisher of the "Evening Standard", re-branded their existing free lunchtime newspaper "Standard Lite" to "London Lite" and changed the publishing time to include the evening rush-hour, a move that was widely seen as a 'spoiler' to protect against the launch of "the London paper".
Format.
The paper, edited by Stefano Hatfield, was targeted towards young readers, with emphasis on celebrity and more light hearted news, there was little analysis of news stories and the paper used many images and much colour. As a consequence of the launch of "The London Paper" as well as Associated Newspaper's own "London Lite", the "Evening Standard" attempted to go more upmarket, emphasising the difference between the free newspapers and itself by adding the tagline "The Quality Newspaper" across the top of the front page, this changed on 12 October 2009 when, after a long history of paid circulation, the "Evening Standard" became a free sheet, replacing the "London Lite". "The London Paper" was also the home of "Em", the popular cartoon strip later featured in "The Sun", and the City Girl column, written by novelist Alexandra Brown.
Distribution.
It held the contract for evening free distribution in London National Rail stations, meaning it could be picked up at the same locations as "Metro" in the mornings. It was also believed to be bidding for the larger contract to distribute free newspapers at London Underground stations on weekday afternoons. However Transport for London later announced that the contract had been withdrawn after no acceptable bids were received.
Criticism.
The paper was criticised for containing too much pointless celebrity news in the guise of serious news articles, such as a new Murdoch-backed music website and "The Simpsons Movie". Its television listings also included Sky One alongside the five terrestrial channels.
Like the other free London dailies, "The London Paper" was generally discarded by its readers as soon as they had finished. The use of resources to print something with such a short lifespan was criticised on environmental grounds. Westminster City Council estimated that free newspapers made up a quarter of all rubbish in the West End, much of which went un-recycled, although some stations have positioned recycling bins at entrances and exits specifically for the purpose of recycling free papers.
Closure.
On 20 August 2009, it was announced that "The London Paper" would cease publication due to consistent losses.
On 18 September 2009, News International took the decision to cease publication of the newspaper, having its final print-run after it recorded pre-tax losses of £12.9m in its second year.
On 13 August 2010, Rupert Murdoch announced that News Corp would distribute a similar digital newspaper as paid content for the iPad, mobile phones, and other digital devices.


Fighting with Buffalo Bill

Fighting With Buffalo Bill is a 1926 American Western film serial directed by Ray Taylor for Universal Pictures. The film is now considered to be lost.


Fantastic (comics)

Fantastic was a weekly British comic book magazine published by Odhams Press under the Power Comics imprint. It first appeared on 18 February 1967, and with its 52nd issue on 10 February 1968 it merged with its sister title "Terrific". The 89th and final issue of "Fantastic" appeared on 26 October 1968, after which it was merged into its sister title "Smash!".
"Fantastic" was different from the earlier Power Comics such as "Smash!" and "Pow!", which were essentially traditional "Beano"-style British comic papers supplemented by a small amount of material reprinted from Marvel Comics. In contrast, "Fantastic" (and later "Terrific" as well) were more American in appearance, resembling the black-and-white comic anthologies of the time such as "Creepy" and "Eerie". (They were aimed at a younger audience than such magazines, however, although an older audience than the "Beano"-style British fare.) "Fantastic" could not sustain a profit in the increasingly crowded market of 1960s comics, but it did gain a faithful following, and served as an introduction for UK readers to many of Marvel's superhero characters.
Publication history.
Launch.
Following the successes of "Wham!" (1964) and "Smash!" (1966), Odhams were keen to expand their line of weekly Power Comics titles in 1967. In January they launched "Pow!" with Spider-Man as the lead strip, and a month later saw the arrival of a comic that consisted almost entirely of Marvel reprints: "Fantastic".
"Fantastic" #1, which launched on Saturday 11 February 1967, came with a pennant flag with interchangeable inserts of various superheroes. This the first of several free gifts given away with each issue, as was traditional on the launch of a new comic. "Fantastic" had a different format from its three predecessors, being slightly smaller in size and on better paper; it featured 40 pages and a higher cover price (9d, compared to "Smash!"'s 7d for 28 pages). This made it three times more expensive than the 3d cover price of DC Thomson's perennials "The Beano" and "The Dandy".
All the Marvel strips inside "Fantastic" were printed in black-and-white, with colour used only for the front and back covers. The first issue commenced with Thor's origin story from "Journey into Mystery" #83 ("The Stone Men from Saturn"), plus the first X-Men story (the arrival of Jean Grey) from the original "X-Men" #1, and the origin of Iron Man ("Iron Man is Born") from "Tales of Suspense".
Merger with "Terrific".
Issue #52 of "Fantastic" saw the comic re-launched, in effect, as it absorbed companion paper "Terrific" to form "Fantastic and Terrific", featuring Thor and the X-Men (from "Fantastic"), plus the Avengers and Doctor Strange (from "Terrific").
That issue again saw the first of several free gifts given away with each issue. The cover numbering was continued from "Fantastic".
Closure.
The merger of the two titles bought "Fantastic" another nine months of life, but ultimately this was not enough to save it. Issue 89, published in late October 1968, was the final issue. The Thor strip was thereafter transferred to "Smash!", and the others were discontinued.
Style and content.
To match its more American appearance and format, the contents of "Fantastic" were also predominantly American, starting in the first issue with reprints of Marvel's "The Mighty Thor" and the "X-Men", as well as Iron Man stories from "Tales of Suspense".
"Fantastic"'s first 15 issues also featured original stories of a British superhero known as The Missing Link, a prehistoric character closely based on the appearance of the Incredible Hulk (risking a lawsuit by Marvel for copyright infringement) — Hulk reprints having been the first Marvel superhero strips to show up in Odhams' Power Comics titles, and remaining hugely successful in "Smash!"). By issue #16, the Missing Link had evolved (literally) into a superman of the future, now called Johnny Future. The Johnny Future stories were drawn by Luis Bermejo.
This line-up continued until issue 51, when "Fantastic" absorbed "Terrific": becoming "Fantastic and Terrific", but continuing the sequential numbering from "Fantastic". The "Thor" and "X-Men" features continued until the end of the comic's run (when "Thor" then continued in "Smash!"), but "Iron Man" and Johnny Future were replaced by reprints of "The Avengers" and "Doctor Strange", both continuing from "Terrific".
A distinctive feature of "Fantastic" was the full-colour pin-up that appeared on the back cover of most issues. Many of these were reprinted from American Marvel comics, but at least some (including a Johnny Future pin-up) were produced by a young Barry Windsor-Smith.
"Britification".
The Marvel material in the Power Comics titles were frequently edited to replace American spellings and slang with their British equivalents. Dialogue and/or images were also changed occasionally to remove snags in continuity caused by the lack of synchronisation between reprints of different storylines. The alterations were quite crudely done and easy to spot.
Despite the amount of Marvel Comics material in the title, there was a relative lack of credit given to Marvel and the individual American creators of the material used. Marvel credit boxes containing the names of Stan Lee, Steve Ditko, Jack Kirby, and the like were invariably deleted from the splash pages; the space they occupied was either left blank or covered with drawn-in artwork. Apart from the compulsory copyright acknowledgment in small print, the name "Marvel" was never mentioned — wherever it appeared in the strips it was changed to "Power."


Order of Saint Peter of Cetinje

The Order of Saint Peter of Cetinje (Cyrillic: Орден Светог Петра Цетињског) is the a dynastic order of the Royal House of Petrović-Njegoš. As Montenegro is now a republic, the order is distributed as a private house order of the deposed family. The Order is bestowed upon prominent members of the Petrović-Njegoš family, as well as to others.
The name of Prince Danilo, the first Montenegrin ruler with a purely secular title, is inscribed on the Decoration.
The Order was named after the Patron Saint of the Montenegrin Orthodox Church, Prince-Bishop (Vladika) Peter I Petrović, the person who effectively obtained independence for Montenegro, and to whom is attributed the creation of the modern Montenegrin State.