Induced by particular triggers such as changes in temperature, nutrients, etc., dinoflagellates undergo encystment, and form cysts within the thecae of the planozygote.
Induced by particular triggers such as changes in temperature, nutrients, etc., dinoflagellates undergo gamete formation. The gametes fuse to form the planozygote and undergo encystment, they form cysts within the thecae of the planozygote.