In "Gomillion v. Lightfoot" (1960), the court had held that creating electoral districts which disenfranchised blacks violated the Fifteenth Amendment, but it did not as readily distinguish between intent and results as it would in "Mobile".
In "Gomillion v. Lightfoot" (1960), which challenged new city boundaries that excluded virtually all black voters from Tuskegee, Alabama, the court had held that creating electoral districts which disenfranchised blacks violated the Fifteenth Amendment. It did not as readily distinguish between intent and results as it would in "Mobile".