He argued that Marcuse's views were a utopian theory that, despite their widespread appeal, were based on a flawed methodology, and that Marcuse misinterpreted Freud's concept of reason and privileged a confused concept of instinct over an ambiguous sense of reason.
He argued that Marcuse's views were a utopian theory with widespread appeal, but that examination of Marcuse's interpretations of Kant, Schiller, and Freud showed that they wrere based on a flawed methodology. He also maintained that Marcuse's misinterpretation of Freud's concept of reason undermined his argument, which privileged a confused concept of instinct over an ambiguous sense of reason.