WASHINGTON AP — The United States
and the Soviet Union Thursday signed an
agreement of principles designed to
permanently limit nuclear weapons by the
end of 1974,

President Nixon and Communist leader
Leonid I. Brezhnev signed for their nations
at the White House. The agreement, the
outstanding accomplishment of their
summit talks, was cemented at the
President's Camp David retreat in the
Maryland mountains.

The two nations agreed as a matter of
principle that efforts by one or the other to
obtain a nuclear advantage would be
inconsistent with the goa] of strengthening
peaceful relations.

The agreement is designed to spur
negotiators for both countries at
now-recessed talks in Geneva. Significant-
ly, the arms limitation envisioned by the
end of next year would include not only
numbers but the quality of the missiles

themselves.
Niewnan and Rrashnoeyu alen acraad that
 limitation on strategic offensive arms
must be subject to ‘adequate verifica-
tion.’’ Both nations would be permitted to
modernize and replace weapons only
under conditions to be agreed upon at
Geneva.

At the same time, Nixon and Brezhnev
signed a 10-year pact to expand
cooperation between the two countries on
peaceful uses of atomic energy. It
succeeds a series of two-year agreements.

The major points of the compact
include: 1) controlling thermonuclear
fusion; 2) research on ‘fast breeder”
reactors which create more fuel than they
consume; 3) research on the fundamental
properties of physical matter.

A similar arms understanding between
Nixon and Brezhnev in 1971 produced,
when Nixon went to Moscow to see
Brezhnev last spring, an initial but limited
nuclear weapons agreement.
 Dr. Henry A. Kissinger, the President’s
national security adviser, told newsmen
that Nixon and Brezhnev are convinced an
expanded agreement by the end of 1974
would be ‘‘a major contribution in
reducing the danger of an outbreak of
nuclear war.”

He said they were agreeing now to seven
basic principles out of ‘sense of urgency.”’

The current SALT talks in Geneva have
become static and are recess. The new
understanding is designed to provide an
impetus for positive negotiations. Know
Know-
ledgeable observers estimate the second
pact would be ready by the end of 1974.
 
  

 

WASHINGTON (UPD —
President Nixon and Soviet
leader Leonid J. Brezhnev
pledged today to avoid military
confrontations and threats of
force that might lead to nuclear
war between their two nations.

In a policy declaration, the
leaders of the two nuclear
superpowers agreed to “im-
mediately enter into urgent
consultations with each other”
should the risk of a nuclear
conflict arise.

Nixon and Brezhnev signed
the agreement -—the eighth
since the start of their summit
talks —in a ceremony in the
East Room of the White House
a few hours before their
scheduled departure aboard the
presidential jetliner for San
Clemente, Calif., for the conclu-
sion of their week-long con-
ference.

In the agreement, the owe
 leaders promised that ine
‘United States and the Soviet
Union “will act in such a
|manner as to prevent the
development of situations capa-
‘ble of causing a dangerous
exacerbation of their relations,
as to avoid military confronta-
tions, and to exclude the
outbreak of nuclear war be-
jtween them and between either
jof the parties and other
‘ countries.”

| The accord also calls for the
‘signatories to proceed from the
‘premise that each will refrain
.“from the threat or use of force
‘against the other party, against
-the allies of the other party,
‘and against other countries, in
circumstances which may en-
danger international peace and
security.”
' Tn advance of the
Nixon briefed — congressional
leaders of both parties on the
.declaration, which is a state-

 

   

 
 jment of policy —not a treaty —
and therefore does not require
Senate ratification.

| Presidential adviser Henry A
Kissinger said the intent of the
doctrine was “to prevent the
outbreak of nuclear war.”

The decision of the twc
leaders to hold a third summit
conference in as many years
‘was announced at a_ lavish
banquet at the Soviet Embassy.
a a jovial atmosphere, Nixon

and Brezhnev dined and toasted
each other after signing pacts
earlier in the day to speed
‘nuclear arms negotiations and
cooperate in research or
\Deacefut uses of nuclear ener-

 

 

:8y-
Before they boarded _ the
“Spirit of ” for a late

 

afternoon flight to the Westerr
White House, Brezhnev ar
ranged to meet with 4
American businessmen ta sel
them on expanded trade witt

 
 Russia.

Raising their glasses in a red
and gold trimmed banquet
‘room Thursday night, Nixon
and Brezhnev pledged a con-
inued effort to expand Soviet-

 

 

American friendship.

| “.. The Soviet Union’s line at
improving relations with the
‘Enited States is not some
itemporary phenomenon,” the

tocky Brezhnev said. “It is a
irm and consistent line reflect-
ling the permanent principles of
‘Soviet foreign policy ... Tt is a
ine that resis on the full
;support of our people.”
' Nixon replied he hoped the
jthird summit meeting could be
theld next June. He indicated he
‘wished the meetings to become
annual affairs.

“These summit meetings
have brought us closer toge-
ther, have brought greater

 

 

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