FRSOVUV ES VOU S§tVos Vreastews

WASHINGTON (AP) — The United
States and the Soviet Union Thursday
signed an agreement in principle to limit
and possibly reduce their stockpiles of
offensive nuclear weapons by the end of
1974.

President Nixon and Soviet Communist
leader Leonid I. Brezhnev raised their
champagne glasses in toasts to success at
the ceremony in the White House East
Room.

The agreement, the outstanding ac-
complishment of their week-long summit,
was forged by Nixon and Brezhnev earlier
at Camp David, the presidential retreat in
the mountains of Maryland. It is designed
to spur negotiators for the two countries at
 the recessed strategic arms limitation
talks (SALT) in Geneva.

For the first time, the two nations
committed themselves in principle to
actual reductions of their nuclear
weaponry as well as to permanent limita-
tions. Also significantly, the United States
evidently is bowing to Soviet objections to
onsite inspections.

One of the seven stated principles
provides that “national technical means”
be the system of verifying whether Wash-
ington and Moscow were living up to a
missile limitation.

Surveillance of multiple independently
targeted warheads MIRVS evidently
would be restricted mostly to observation
by radar and spy satellite while in flight
 tests.

Henry A. Kissinger, the President's
national security adviser, briefing
newsmen, said that ‘those MIRV
agreements that are not verifiable by na-
tional technical means would be difficult
to reconcile’ with the objective of
restricting complex nuclear offensive

weapons.

The two nations agreed in another
provision that efforts by one or the other to
obtain a nuclear advantage would be in-
consistent with the goal of strengthening
peaceful relations.

The arms limitation envisioned by the
end of next year would include not only
numbers but the quality of the missiles.
 Nixon and Brezhnev also agreed that
limitation on strategic offensive arms
must be subject to ‘adequate veri-
fication.’ Both nations would be permitted
to modernize and replace weapons only
under conditions to be agreed upon at
Geneva.

At the same time, Nixon and Brezhnev
signed a 10-year pact to expand
cooperation between the two countries on
peaceful uses of atomic energy. It suc-
ceeds a series of two-year agreements.

The major points of the compact in-
clude: (1) controlling thermonuclear
fusion; (2) research on ‘“‘fast breeder”
reactors which create more fuel than they
consume; (3) research on the fundamental
properties of physical matter.

A similar arms understanding between
Nixon and Brezhnev in 1971 produced,
when Nixon went to Moscow to see
Brezhnev last spring, an initial but limited
nuclear weapons agreement.

Dr. Henry A. Kissinger, the President's
national security adviser, told newsmen
that Nixon and Brezhnev are convinced an
expanded agreement by the end of 1974
would be ‘a major contribution in
reducing the danger of an outbreak of
nuclear war.”

He said they were agreeing now to seven
basic principles out of ‘‘sense of urgency.”’

The current SALT talks in Geneva have
become static and are recess. The new
understanding is designed to provide an
impetus for positive negotiations.
Knowledgeable observers estimate the
second pact would be ready by the end of
1974.
 
WASHINGTON (UPI) President
Nixon and Soviet leader Leonid !
Brezhnev pledged today to avoid military
confrontations and threats of force that
might lead to nuclear war between their
two nations.

In a policy declaration, the leaders of
the two nuclear superpowers agreed to
“Immediately enter into urgent con
sultations with each other” should the
risk of a nuclear conflict arise.

Nixon and Brezhnev signed the
agreement - the eighth since the start of
their summit talks --in a ceremony in the
East Room of the White House a few
hours before their scheduled departure
aboard the presidential jetliner for San
Clemente, Calif.. for the conclusion of
their week-long conference

In the agreement. the two leaders
promised that the United States and the
Soviet Union ‘will act in such a manner
as to prevent the development of
Situations capable of causing a
dangerous exacerbation of their
relations, as to avoid military confronta
tions, and to exclude the outbreak of
nuclear war between them and between
either of the parties and other coun
tries

The accord also calls for the
signatories to proceed from the premise
that each will refrain ‘from the threat o1
use of force against the other parts
against the allies of the other party and
against other countries. in cir
cumstances which may endanger in
ternational peace and security.”’

In advance of the signing. Nixon
brniefed congressional leaders of both
parties on the deciaration which is a
staternent of policy -- nota treaty © and
therefore does not require Senate
ratificalion

Presidential adviser Henrs A
Kissinger said the intent uf tue doctrine
was “to prevent the outbreak of nuclear
war >
 The decision of the two leaders to hold
a third summit conference in as many
years was announced at a lavish banquet
at the Soviet Embassy In a jovial at
mosphere, Nixon and Brezhnev dined
and toasted each other after signing
pacts earlier in the day to speed nuclear
arms negotiations and cooperate in
research on peaceful uses of nuclear
enerpy

Before they boarded the “Spirit of 76°
for a late afternoon flight to the Western
White House, Brezhnev arranged to mieet
with 40 Amenecan businessmen to sell
ther on expanded trade with Kussia

Raising their glasses ina red and gold
trinmed banquet room Thursday night,
Nixon and Brezhses pledged a continued
effort to expand Soviet-American
friendship

~The Soviet Tonien’s line at im
proving relations with the United States
isnot some temporary phenomenon. the
stocky Brezhnev suid Ttas a firm and
consistent line reflecting the permanent
principles of Soviet foreign policy Its
a line that rests on the full support of our
people

Nixon rephed one hoped the third
subi reeeting could be held next June
He andicsted he wished the meetings to
become annual allay

These samimit meetings have brought
Us Closer topether fave brought greater
understanding of our differences and
preater determination tore duc e those
ditferences  Nixer sasd

Brevhnes will
hore da San Cfernent fa Casa Pacifica
trom this evening unt: Sunda. morning
Wher he thes back to Washington He will
pre Cape a tele isron address which wall

bee bopocedoasd fay Che American people

he, ueST al Nixon's

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Breeches leases tbe Soated States

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