article_snippet: Other researchers found fault with the study, which looked at how Democrats and Republicans differ in positive language in speeches entered into the Congressional Record, photos in the congressional directory, tweets by followers of the two different political parties, LinkedIn photos associated with advocacy groups, and answers to psychological satisfaction-with-life surveys.
article_snippet: University of California Irvine graduate student Sean Wojcik, the study's lead author looked at other indicators of happiness: words and facial expressions.
article_snippet: Political scientist Jack Pitney said the Wojcik study was so off kilter that the Wojcik study seemed to be a parody, adding 'I don't think too many people will take this seriously.'
article_snippet: One study team member, who initially wasn't told what the project was about, examined congressional portraits to rate congressional portraits facial emotions, an accepted technique in psychology.
article_snippet: Several outside psychology experts told The Associated Press that while it was interesting, Several outside psychology experts didn't find the study convincing.
article_snippet: Several outside psychology experts faulted some techniques, did not see a significant difference between the two ideologies' scores and Several outside psychology experts criticized the researchers for mixing long-term happiness in self-reporting with momentary good moods in pictures and language. '
article_snippet: The observed differences are quite small,' said Robert Emmons of the University of California at Davis. '
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