article_snippet: The examples of cheating are contained in guidance to exam boards about how to deal with 'malpractice' in this summer's A-level and GCSE exams, published by umbrella body the Joint Council for Qualifications (JCQ).
article_snippet: Examples included: . -
article_snippet: The Government's exam watchdog Ofqual issued 119 penalties against school and college staff for malpractice in GCSE and A-levels last summer, up from 100 the previous year.
article_snippet: Professor Alan Smithers, director for education and employment research at Buckingham University, said: 'Getting good exam results is tremendously important for schools and if schools don't they do can be in serious trouble.
article_snippet: But the exams are not robust enough to withstand clever cheating and worried teachers can be tempted.
article_snippet: JCQ director general Michael Turner said: 'Having a robust and secure examination system is essential.
article_snippet: Awarding organisations take any allegation of malpractice very seriously.'
highlights_snippet: Examples found in guidance to exam boards on how to tackle 'malpractice'
  Published by umbrella body, the Joint Council for Qualifications (JCQ) 