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monomers with large surface area and high quantum yield , that is fluorescent flippers , have been engineered into twisted push 
 pull oligomers to create membrane probes with high mechanosensitivity and long fluorescence lifetime . here , the synthesis and characterization of thieno[3,4]pyrazines and 2,1,3-benzothiadiazoles are described in comparison with the original dithienothiophene s , s - dioxides . 
 dithienothiophene s , s - dioxide flippers are confirmed as the best reported so far , and poor results with single flipper probes support that two flippers are needed for the probe to really  swim  , that is , for high mechanosensitivity .