cardiovascular diseases ( cvds ) have major role in world mortality , 17.5 million of people die each year from cvds , nearly 31% of all death ( 1 ) . atherosclerosis is one of the significant underlying factors of cvds ( 2 ) , so it is important to establish effective strategies for prevention or even treatment of atherosclerosis . adiponectin as one of the most abundant adipokines , is secreted by adipose tissue ( 3 ) . human gene coding for adiponectin has close association with diabetes and cvds susceptibility ( 4 ) . anti - inflammatory , anti - atherogenic and insulin sensitivity properties of adiponectin have been proved by several studies ( 5 - 8 ) . disturbed adiponectin actions through its receptors may have role in atherosclerosis development ( 6 ) . ppar- has significant role in suppression of atherogenic and inflammatory process likely by inhibiting nf - k signaling ( 9 ) . also ppar- affect monocytic recruitment to early atherosclerotic lesion ( an initial step in atherosclerosis ) ( 10 ) . ampk pathway has several function in cellular metabolism including glucose and lipid metabolism ( 11 , 12 ) . ampk activation by adiponectin is suppressed in adipor1-null mice , moreover adipor2 disturbance causes the reduction in adiponectin - induced ppar-signaling and concurrently deletion of adipor1 and adipor2 promotes insulin resistance and glucose intolerance ( 13 ) . adiponectin has important vascular protective function by improvement of enos activity and no production , these effects are mediated by ampk  mediated phosphorylation of enos(14 ) , adipor1 and r2 involved in this processes(15 ) . in addition , anti - apoptotic effect of adiponectin in endothelial cells is mediated by ampk signaling ( 16 ) . it should be noted that endothelial and smooth muscle cells apoptosis are injurious for plaque stability ( 17 ) . this protein suppresses the production of inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules ( 19 ) , thereby inhibits monocyte adhesion to endothelium ( 20 ) . adipors overexpression enhances this inhibitory effects of adiponectin , it is suggested that adipors have critical role in modulating the anti - inflammatory effects of adiponectin on the endothelium ( 21 ) . in vitro and in vivo studies have indicated the anti - oxidative effect of adiponectin ( 2224 ) . on the other hand , oxidative stress increased in adipor1 and adipor2 deficient mice . it is suggested that adiponectin - adipor pathway involves in the inhibition of oxidative stress ( 13 , 22 ) . there is some difficulty to convert adiponectin to a practical drug form , so application of adiponectin receptor agonists is suggested ( 25 ) . adiporon is an orally active synthetic molecule which is discovered by okada - iwabu et al , it can bind to adipor1 , adipo r2 and activate them ( 26 ) . this substance attenuates insulin resistance and glucose intolerance , also improved lipid metabolism in high - fat diet mice . the researchers suggest that adiporon may perform majority effects of adiponectin including enhanced insulin sensitivity , suppressive effects on cardiovascular disease and cancers ( 27 , 28 ) . in vitro studies oral administration of adiporon ameliorate post ischemic myocardial apoptosis via dependent and independent ampk pathway ( 29 ) . it seems that adiporon has anti - oxidative effect , since meaningfully enhances expression of antioxidative enzymes genes including manganese superoxide dismutase and reduced markers of oxidative stress such as thiobarbituric acid reactive substance in skeletal muscle of mice . adiporon decreased expression of genes involved in encoding pro - inflammatory cytokines in the liver and with adipose tissue of mice ( 29 ) . because adiponectin has anti atherosclerotic effect , we think that adipor agonists such as adiporon may also have this effect . if the studies confirmed our hypothesis , adiporon may be a new suitable choice in atherosclerosis prevention in patients at risk of this disease .
atherosclerosis has serious role in coronary arteries disease , so it is important to establish effective strategies for prevention or even treatment of atherosclerosis . 
 adiponectin , as one of the most abundant adipokines , has insulin sensitivity , anti - inflammatory and anti - atherogenic properties . 
 disturbed adiponectin actions through its receptor , ( adipor1 and adipor2 ) may be involved in atherosclerosis development . 
 some adiponectin effects are mediated by ampk and ppar- signaling . 
 adiporon is an orally active synthetic molecule which can bind to adipor1 , adipo r2 and activate them . 
 adiporon can activate adipor1-ampk- pgc-1 pathway and adipor2-ppar- pathway . 
 some studies indicated insulin sensitivity , anti - apoptotic and anti - oxidative effect of adiporon . we hypothesize that adiporon has anti atherosclerotic effect and may suppress atherosclerosis processes . with confirmation the benefit role of adiporon on atherosclerosis , it may be used in patients at risk of atherosclerotic development .