currently , the world health organization estimated that in 2030 , half of people living with diabetes will be asian . according to the previous investigation in iran , about 2 million adults ( 7.7% ) aged 2564 years had diabetes and among whom one - half were undiagnosed . inability to control blood sugar may induce serious complications such as heart and kidney diseases , stroke , nervous damages , blindness and poor quality of life . however , appropriate level of physical activity can manage type ii diabetes and resistance training has been recently documented to be a safe and officious therapeutic mean for the treatment of various chronic diseases for obese individuals during elderly . improved glycemic control can note the positive effect of physical activity and glycosylated hemoglobin ( hba1c ) can be applied to measure long - term ( 120 days ) control . although , previous studies that assessed resistance exercise with combined resistance and aerobic exercise sessions , showed significant reductions in hba1c . did not experience favorable changes in fasting glucose or hba1c in patients with diabetes type ii . therefore , there is no consensus on the effect of circuit resistance training ( crt ) in females with type ii diabetes . the aim of the present study was to examine the effects of crt with moderate intensity and frequency on glycemic control of female with type ii diabetes . this study was conducted on obese and overweight females with diabetes type ii attended in ansari hospital , roudsar . informed consent was obtained , and 20 participants were randomly divided into crt and control groups . the human studies review committee at islamic azad university , rasht ( 679 , 30 april 2014 ) approved the study . the height , body weight , and waist circumference were measured at the enrollment and during the study . body mass index ( bmi ) was calculated by dividing body weight ( kg ) by the square of the height ( m ) . caliper measured subcutaneous fat in three areas ( arm , super iliac and thigh ) . also , waist to hip ratio ( whr ) was measured . at the beginning and end of the study , the patients blood glycemic tests of the brachial vein were collected after 12 h fasting . baseline blood glycemic tests including hba1c and fasting blood glucose ( fbs ) ( mg / dl ) were measured . fbs and hba1c were obtained by pars azmoon enzyme kits ( iran ) and biosystem auto - analyzer devices ( spanish ) , respectively . as the one - repetition maximum ( 1-rm ) adjusted the exercise intensity , an individualized crt was designed for each participant . after 1-month regimen , the crt protocol was initiated 3 days / week for 2 months [ table 1 ] . the training consisted of 10 min warm up and 10 min cooling . during first 13 weeks , participants involved in six stations with 4050% 1-rm intensity . then , for remaining period ( 48 weeks ) , eight stations with the 5065% 1-rm ( 16 , 27 ) were indicated . 12 sets and 23 sets were noted for the first 3 weeks and remaining 5 weeks , respectively . this program included eight different exercises with 812 repetition in each set and 3 min rest between sets . exercises included bench press , seated row , lateral pull down , biceps forward , front thigh , back thigh , leg press and rowing [ table 1 ] . descriptive statistics such as mean  standard deviation was used , and data were analyzed by mann whitney u - test , wilcoxon signed rank - test and chi - square in spss version 19 ( spcc inc . , chicago , il , usa ) . this study was conducted on obese and overweight females with diabetes type ii attended in ansari hospital , roudsar . informed consent was obtained , and 20 participants were randomly divided into crt and control groups . the human studies review committee at islamic azad university , rasht ( 679 , 30 april 2014 ) approved the study . the height , body weight , and waist circumference were measured at the enrollment and during the study . body mass index ( bmi ) was calculated by dividing body weight ( kg ) by the square of the height ( m ) . caliper measured subcutaneous fat in three areas ( arm , super iliac and thigh ) . at the beginning and end of the study , the patients blood glycemic tests of the brachial vein were collected after 12 h fasting . baseline blood glycemic tests including hba1c and fasting blood glucose ( fbs ) ( mg / dl ) were measured . fbs and hba1c were obtained by pars azmoon enzyme kits ( iran ) and biosystem auto - analyzer devices ( spanish ) , respectively . as the one - repetition maximum ( 1-rm ) adjusted the exercise intensity , an individualized crt was designed for each participant . after 1-month regimen , the crt protocol was initiated 3 days / week for 2 months [ table 1 ] . the training consisted of 10 min warm up and 10 min cooling . during first 13 weeks , participants involved in six stations with 4050% 1-rm intensity . then , for remaining period ( 48 weeks ) , eight stations with the 5065% 1-rm ( 16 , 27 ) were indicated . 12 sets and 23 sets were noted for the first 3 weeks and remaining 5 weeks , respectively . this program included eight different exercises with 812 repetition in each set and 3 min rest between sets . exercises included bench press , seated row , lateral pull down , biceps forward , front thigh , back thigh , leg press and rowing [ table 1 ] . descriptive statistics such as mean  standard deviation was used , and data were analyzed by mann whitney u - test , wilcoxon signed rank - test and chi - square in spss version 19 ( spcc inc . , chicago , il , usa ) . twenty obese and overweight patients included in this study . mean age in the crt and control group were 50.2  4.89 years and 51.3  6.63 years , respectively . in the crt group , significant changes in hba1c and subcutaneous fat were noted after intervention ( p = 0.04 , p = 0.002 , respectively ) [ table 2 ] . body composition and laboratory results at the initiation and their changes during intervention in crt and control groups although , findings indicated higher hba1c in crt group after intervention and results showed a significant difference in two groups ( p = 0.04 ) [ table 3 ] . however , there was no significant difference between groups regarding weight , bmi , whr and fbs after intervention ( p > 0.05 ) . this study demonstrated that a supervised crt program was safe and well tolerated by obese and overweight patients with type ii diabetes . although we found crt involving eight upper and lower body exercises led to significant reductions in hba1c and subcutaneous fat , bmi , body weight , and the whr did not change significantly ( p  0.05 ) which was inconsistent with bishay et al . and chudyk and petrella they showed crt as an effective tool for improving body composition . in addition , kang et al . reported that 12 weeks crt and aerobic exercise effectively increased glucose use and reduced the amount of insulin required . noted that 5060% of 1-rm crt for 8 weeks , can reduce waist circumference and whr significantly , with no associated changes in the control group . the resistance training program had little impact on metabolic risk factors in diabetics type ii . however , some studies observed no effect . in a systematic review by miller et al . which examined the combined effects of diet versus diet and exercise , the majority of studies mentioned no significant difference in body composition when exercise was added to diet restriction . furthermore , misra et al . assessed effect of 12 weeks progressive resistance - exercise training on body composition in patients with type ii diabetes . resistance training produced an increase in fat - free mass and diabetic patients needed more resistance training to improve muscle mass as they got older . it seems that resistance training reduces subcutaneous fat and probably it causes increased muscle fiber that might be due to some factors such as frequency , duration and intensity of exercise . showed that the effect of resistance exercise on glycemic control in individuals associated with a 0.57% decline in absolute hba1c as compared with control . also , another study assessed resistance training and aerobic training in females aged between 40 and 70 years in two groups . another study showed that 12 weeks progressive moderate - intensity resistance exercise resulted in significant improvements in glycaemia in indians with type ii diabetes . this showed that the effectiveness of resistance training on improving hba1c in diabetes patients appeared to differ according to the intensity , frequency , and duration of training . as a result , it seems that plasma membrane glut4 was increased in skeletal muscle from individual with type ii diabetes in response to an acute exercise . also , lower resting plasma membrane glut4 content in insulin resistant subjects have been observed in some studies .
background : we aimed to assess effects of circuit resistance training ( crt ) on glycemic control of females with type ii diabetes.methods:twenty obese and overweight females with diabetes type ii were randomly selected in two groups ( circuit resistance exercise and control ) . 
 crt performed in 3 days / week for 3 months , and the serum and body parameters were assessed . 
 data were analyzed by mann 
 whitney u - test and wilcoxon signed - rank test in spss version 19.results:mean age in the crt and control group was 50.2  4.89 years and 51.3  6.63 years , respectively . 
 results showed significant changes in glycosylated hemoglobin ( hba1c ) and subcutaneous fat were noted in the crt group ( p = 0.04 , p = 0.002 , respectively ) . 
 also , findings indicated higher hba1c in crt group after intervention in comparison with controls and results showed a significant difference ( p = 0.04).conclusions : according to the positive effect of crt , it seems that can be recommended for patients with diabetes type ii .