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New music for viols | A Viola da Gamba weblog
New music for viols	October 5, 2009
Those who can’t play music, end up writing about it instead. For want of playing time lately, I’ve been applying myself to learn how to write about music as part of my undergraduate study at University of New England (Armidale, NSW), Course MUSI109. Once the semester ends in November and coursework writing is finished, I’m hoping to do more playing.
Music on one CD of new music for viols keeps cropping up in my student efforts: Illicita cosa: Adventuresome Music from the 16th to the 20th Centuries, The New York Consort of Viols (Musical Heritage Society 513235M, 1993). My Top 3 from this album, which I often enjoy with the scores, are:
William Presser (b.1916), Song for Three Viols (1991), a very accessible three minutes of sonority for trTB; sheet music from PRB Productions (Contemporary Consort Series no.20)
Frank Russo, In Nomine (trtrTBB), awarded First Prize, 1989 Leo M Traynor Competition for New Viol Music; VdGSA New Music for Viola da Gamba, no.5. A delightful combination of lyricism and driving rhythms.
Will Ayton, Fantasia a4 (trtrTB), Audience Prize and Honorable Mention, 1989 Leo M Traynor Competition for New Viol Music; VdGSA New Music for Viola da Gamba, no.4.
Also on the album is a spiky and brooding Tison Street (b.1943) In Nomine for five viols. The interest in the In nomine gains further momentum in reviews in the VdGSA News March 2009 of Ballinger’s In Nomine (trTTB) and Harold Owen’s (SATB records and TTB viols). These editions may well join my VGSA New Music series no.1, Martha Bishop, In Nomine.
I look forward to adding the 2009 Traynor Competition publications to the collection: fellow Australian, Patrice Connelly (In Nomine “Five“), Jean Henderson (Serenade), John Anthony Lennon (As She Sings) and Donald Reid Womack (O magnum mysterium). From photos published of the 2009 Conclave, it looks happily as if a small contingent of Australians was present.
I have Carol Herman’s bass duets and I note Will Ayton has published TB/trT Duets for Bea (Allyon Wit Publications no.2, 2002), the latter reviewed in the VdGSA News Sep 2009. Peter Seibert’s use of two “choirs” in his Psalm, the first more technically demanding than the second, sounds intriguing (PRB Productions) – trtrTTBB.
Contemporary music for viols features also on Markku Lulajan-Mikkola’s latest CD on the Alba label, Gamba Nova, for which he has won the Finnish version of a Grammy award.
Now that I’m back on the membership list of the VdGSA, I look forward to reading back issues of the VdGSA News online for more new music.
« The viola da gamba orchestra
The baryton – Haydn’s 120+ and Tomasini’s 24 »


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But performance is hit-and-miss for shooting action, so you may end up having to go with something just a bit bigger, anyway. Read review Specs: 16 megapixels, 4 x, 28 - 84mm F/3.5, 13.0 x 17.3mm, Live MOS, Optical (MEGA O.I.S.) Reviewed on May 11, 2010 Check prices Product overview $592 at 2 stores $592.84 - Amazon.com $592.84 - Amazon.com Marketplace Check prices Sony Alpha NEX-5 (with 16mm lens, Silver) CNET Editor rating: 3.5 stars Very good Overall score: 7.7 (3.5 stars) Average user rating: 0 stars No reviews, write one! The Bottom Line: For a lot of people, the excellent high-sensitivity photo quality, competitive performance, and an ultracompact body will likely outweigh the Sony Alpha NEX-5's quirks and operational annoyances. 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BBC Radio 4 - You and Yours, 28/09/2009 - QR code The BBC has updated its cookie policy. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. This includes cookies from third party social media websites if you visit a page which contains embedded content from social media. Such third party cookies may track your use of the BBC website. We and our partners also use cookies to ensure we show you advertising that is relevant to you. If you continue without changing your settings, we'll assume that you are happy to receive all cookies on the BBC website. However, you can change your cookie settings at any time. Continue Change settings Find out more ]]> Accessibility links Skip to content Accessibility Help BBC iD Notifications
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Web Designer | UI/UX Designer | Front-end Developer | HTML | PHP | Javascript | Bootstrap | Shopify Development | Freelancer
Evner: HTML, PHP, Javascript, Bootstrap, Shopify Development
Se mere: web front end developer, front end developer designer, part time freelancer web ui ux designer madanpalli, sr visual designer web ui ux recruitment in mumbai navi mumbai, ui/ux -front-end, ui/ux designer & front-end developer, web application ui/ux bootstrap/html developer, web designer and front end developer for wordpress, web front end developer киев, find web designer front end developer, freelance web designers front end developer, front end developer web, front end developer web designer, job for web front end developer, junior front end developer web developer amsterdam, soh tanaka los angeles based designer & front end developer, web designer and front end developer portfolio, web designer front end developer, web designer user interface designer ui ux designer front end developer jobs in saudi arabia, web design front end developer
Projekt ID: #22774567
77 freelancere byder i gennemsnit £13/time for dette job
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value: Freelance (sometimes spelled free-lance or free lance), freelancer, or freelance worker, are terms commonly used for a person who is self-employed and not necessarily committed to a particular employer long-term. Freelance workers are sometimes represented by a company or a temporary agency that resells freelance labor to clients; others work independently or use professional associations or websites to get work.


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Gaming Character Biography and History writing | Penulisan Semula Artikel | Article Writing | Penulisan Buku | Penulisan Iklan | Penulisan Hantu
Gaming Character Biography and History writing
We are looking for writer/s to create bios for Characters in a fictitious environment.
We need about 50-100 biography for an upcoming Strategic video game. The writer will need to create names, city of residence, country of origin, some work experience in Finance and High Business environment. As well as past experience and views about their work. More details will be given to the selected Freelancer.
Freelancer will need to make a demo of the work, we are looking for about 150-200 words per bio
We have setup a basic budget as the writing is fictitious work and does not necessitate extensive research.
We WILL VERIFY all the writing for sign of copyrighting infringement. Please do not respond to this offer if you don't plan to do the work from your imagination, If you intend to copy any part to gain some time, THIS IS NOT GOING TO WORK.
Imagination is key but realistic events and strong persona is very important.
Non disclosure agreement is mandatory for the selected Freelancer after demo validation
We have a 3 month time frame to complete this task with 1 or more freelancers.
We do use time tracker from Freelancer and need the writer to be happy with this before bidding.
Lihat lagi: gaming character biography, writing in names, writing freelancer gaming, writing for freelancers, writing copy freelancers, writing a strategic plan, writing about finance, writing a bio, time tracker freelancer, time tracker for freelancers, time tracker for freelancer, the writing freelancer, the freelancer tracker, Sign writing, part time copy writer, origin of writing, non disclosure agreement for freelancers, make a game freelancer, looking for a strategic plan writer, key words for copy writer, ghostwriting demo, gaming freelancer, freelancer writer business, freelancer to create sign, freelancers finance
ID Projek: #4059389
I am an American freelance writer/translator/teacher currently living in Hiroshima, Japan. My experience and skill as a writer make me a good candidate for this job. With me comes the reliability of having a full-tim Lagi
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X-Cart language and Tweaking needed ($2-8 USD / jam)
Photo Editing ($8-15 CAD / jam)


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Tips, Inspiration, & News | 3D Printing
Tips, Inspiration, & News
Tips and interesting news in the world of 3D printing. Do you have tips, inspiration, or news for our makers? Submit an Article here to share with the OSU community!

value: OSU, Osu, or osu can stand for:


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Cafe Racer - Brockton Classifieds - Claz.org
over a month agoBoston, MA+19 milesMotorcycles for Sale
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Chatham & Clarendon Grammar School is a co-educational grammar school in Ramsgate, Kent, England, formed as a result of the merger of the boys-only Chatham House Grammar School and girls-only Clarendon House Grammar School in September 2011.
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value: Amazon.com, Inc. ( AM-ə-zon) is an American multinational conglomerate which focuses on e-commerce, cloud computing, digital streaming, and artificial intelligence.


text:
Nearby: Smithtown Supervisor to Face Foe - Government - Huntington, NY Patch
Nearby: Smithtown Supervisor to Face Foe
(Editor) , February 23, 2013 at 02:15 AM
Councilman to Challenge Smithotown Supervisor
Patrick Vecchio will have competition from a current town councilman in November when he decides to run for his 13th Town Supervisor term – Robert Creighton. Creighton, a Republican who was re-elected to his seat on the town council in 2011, announced via email statement Wednesday that he will formally make his intention to run for town supervisor known on Monday.

value: Patch.com is an American local news and information platform, primarily owned by Hale Global. As of June 2019, Patch's more than 100 journalists operated some 1,227 hyperlocal news websites, which also have an information component, in 50 U.S. states and Washington, D.C.Patch Media Corporation is the operator of the service.


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love always, Kylie.: tender moments.
Posted by Kylie at 12:51:00 PM
Jo October 26, 2012 at 1:13 PM
Beautifully written. Life is all about those perfect, beautiful and little moments. I've said it so many times before but almost no one else makes me as baby hungry as you! :)
Tausha October 26, 2012 at 5:04 PM
So perfectly written - and such a great reminder that it IS those little moments that life is really all about.
Props for staying positive. Your my hero.
Alyx October 27, 2012 at 6:02 PM
Aww, I love this. Aren't these the moments that life is about? Life would be nothing without moments like those.
Kayla October 28, 2012 at 4:31 PM
I love reading your blog because it makes me excited to become a mom. Even about the hard time you write it in a way that seems do-able instead of frightening. We love reading these tender moments. :)
Carissa October 29, 2012 at 5:34 PM
Beautiful words, from a beautiful lady:)

value: Blogger is an American online content management system (CMS) which enables multi-user blogs with time-stamped entries. Pyra Labs developed it before being acquired by Google in 2003.


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The witty tales of trendymeg: All I want for Christmas is a (Kelly Moore Bag)
ApachesPrincessWednesday, December 8, 2010 at 11:56:00 PM ESTI've been wishing for one of these also! I just got a new pancake lens (EEK!) and so my camera bag is getting a little crammed...hmmmm :)ReplyDeleteAdd commentLoad more...


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Samsung swaps Galaxy Note 7 for S Korea flyers - The Economic Times Video | ET Tv
Business News›News›ET TV›Samsung swaps Galaxy Note 7 for S Korea flyers
Updated: Oct 20, 2016, 09.10 AM IST
Samsung is operating booths at South Korean airports to let travelers swap their Galaxy Note 7 smartphones for free mobile rentals. The measure comes after a host of airlines worldwide banned the phones due to several spontaneously exploding.

value: Times Internet is an Indian internet technology company, based in Gurgaon, which owns, operates and invests in various internet-led products, services and technology. It is the digital arm of the Times Group, the largest media conglomerate in India.


text:
Patent US6977126 - Pellicle, photomask, pellicle frame, and method for manufacturing pellicle - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA pellicle for protecting a reticle, on which a circuit pattern is formed for manufacturing a semiconductor device, from an attachment of a foreign matter, comprising: a pellicle film having a predetermined thickness, through which a light transmits to the reticle; and a pellicle frame, on which a periphery...http://www.google.com/patents/US6977126?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6977126 - Pellicle, photomask, pellicle frame, and method for manufacturing pellicleAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS6977126 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 10/016,628Publication dateDec 20, 2005Filing dateDec 17, 2001Priority dateDec 18, 2000Fee statusPaidAlso published asUS20020090558Publication number016628, 10016628, US 6977126 B2, US 6977126B2, US-B2-6977126, US6977126 B2, US6977126B2InventorsToru ShirasakiOriginal AssigneeShin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (10), Referenced by (1), Classifications (11), Legal Events (3) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetPellicle, photomask, pellicle frame, and method for manufacturing pellicleUS 6977126 B2Abstract A pellicle for protecting a reticle, on which a circuit pattern is formed for manufacturing a semiconductor device, from an attachment of a foreign matter, comprising: a pellicle film having a predetermined thickness, through which a light transmits to the reticle; and a pellicle frame, on which a periphery of the pellicle film contacts, including: a body part having a frame shape, the height of which is substantially constant all over the body part; and an upper protruding part formed on an upper end of the body part that protrudes upward from the upper end of the body part for directly contacting with a surface of the pellicle film, the height of the upper protruding part being constant all over the upper protruding part.
1. A pellicle for protecting a reticle, on which a circuit pattern is formed for manufacturing a semiconductor device, from an attachment of a foreign matter, comprising:
a pellicle film;
a pellicle frame comprising:
a body part having a frame shape, the height of which is substantially constant; and
an upper protruding part on an upper end of said body part that protrudes upward from said upper end of said body part and directly contacts a surface of said pellicle film, the height of said upper protruding part being constant; and
an adhesive between the body part and the pellicle film and contacting said upper protruding part of said pellicle frame.
2. The pellicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein said upper protruding part is on an inner edge of said upper end of said body part.
3. The pellicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein said upper protruding part is on an outer edge of said upper end of said body part.
4. The pellicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein said upper protruding part comprises upper protruding parts on an inner edge and an outer edge of said upper end of said body part so that a recessed part is formed between said upper protruding parts.
5. The pellicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pellicle frame further comprises a lower protruding part on a lower end of said body part that protrudes downward from said lower end of said body part and directly contacts a surface of said reticle, the height of said lower protruding part being constant.
6. The pellicle as claimed in claim 5, wherein said lower protruding part is on an inner edge of said lower end of said body part.
7. The pellicle as claimed in claim 5, wherein said lower protruding part is on an outer edge of said lower end of said body part.
8. The pellicle as claimed in claim 5, wherein said lower protruding part comprises lower protruding parts on an inner edge and an outer edge of said lower end of said body part so that a recessed part is formed between said lower protruding parts.
9. The pellicle as claimed in claim 5, further comprising another adhesive between the lower end of said body part and said surface of said reticle.
10. The pellicle as claimed in claim 5, wherein a bottom end of said lower protruding part contacts said reticle at one point along a cross sectional direction perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of said lower protruding part.
11. The pellicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pellicle film and said pellicle frame is adhered such that said upper protruding part directly contacts a surface of said pellicle film, and an upper end of said body part contacts said surface of said pellicle film through an adhesive.
12. The pellicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein a top end of said upper protruding part comprises a sharp edge.
13. The pellicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein said upper protruding part is all around an upper end of said body part.
14. The pellicle of claim 1, wherein said pellicle film contacts a part of said upper protruding part and said adhesive, when said pellicle film is mounted on said pellicle frame.
a reticle, on which a circuit pattern is formed for manufacturing a semiconductor device;
a pellicle for protecting said reticle from an attachment of a foreign matter; and
an adhesive between the body part and the pellicle,
wherein said pellicle comprises:
a pellicle film; and
a pellicle frame comprising
an upper protruding part on an upper end of said body part that protrudes upward from said upper end of said body part and directly contacts a surface of said pellicle film, the height of said upper protruding part being constant, wherein said adhesive contacts said upper protruding part of said pellicle frame.
16. The photomask as claimed in claim 15, further comprising a lower protruding part on a lower end of said body part that protrudes downward from said lower end of said body part and directly contacts a surface of said reticle, the height of said lower protruding part being constant all over said lower protruding part.
17. The photomask as claimed in claim 16, wherein said upper protruding part is on an inner edge of said upper end of said body part, and said lower protruding part is on an inner edge of said lower end of said body part.
18. The photomask as claimed in claim 16, wherein said upper protruding part is on an outer edge of said upper end of said body part, and said lower protruding part is on an outer edge of said lower end of said body part.
19. The photomask as claimed in claim 16, wherein:
said upper protruding part comprises upper protruding parts on an inner edge and an outer edge of said upper end of said body part so that an upper recessed part is formed between said upper protruding parts; and
said lower protruding part comprises lower protruding parts on both an inner edge and an outer edge of said lower end of said body part so that a lower recessed part is formed between said lower protruding parts.
20. The photomask of claim 15, wherein said pellicle film contacts a part of said upper protruding part and said adhesive, when said pellicle film is mounted on said pellicle frame.
21. A pellicle frame between a reticle and a pellicle film, comprising:
a first portion directly contacting said pellicle film;
an adhesive film contacting said pellicle film; and
a second portion contacting said first portion and said adhesive film, wherein said first portion contacts said adhesive film, wherein said first portion directly contacts said reticle.
22. The pellicle frame as claimed in claim 21, further comprising another adhesive film contacting said second portion and said reticle.
23. The pellicle frame as claimed in claim 21, wherein a difference of height between said first portion and said second portion serves as an adhesive accommodation part for accommodating said adhesive film.
24. The pellicle frame of claim 21, wherein said first portion of said pellicle frame comprises an upper protruding part that contacts said pellicle film, when said pellicle film is mounted on said pellicle frame.
25. The pellicle frame of claim 21, wherein said pellicle frame is divided in a vertical direction to form said first portion and said second portion.
26. The pellicle frame of claim 21, wherein said first portion comprises:
an upper protruding part on an upper end of a body portion part; and
a lower protruding part on a lower end of a body portion part.
27. The pellicle frame of claim 26, wherein said upper protruding part contacts said pellicle film.
28. The pellicle frame of claim 26, wherein said lower protruding part contacts said reticle.
29. The pellicle frame of claim 21, wherein a height of said first portion is substantially constant and a height of said second portion is substantially constant.
This patent application claims priority from a Japanese patent application No. 2000-383205 filed on Dec. 18, 2000, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The present invention relates to a pellicle, a photomask, a pellicle frame, and a method for manufacturing a pellicle. More particularly, the present invention relates to a pellicle, which is used for protecting a reticle from attachment of a foreign matter. A reticle is used for a lithography process for manufacturing a semiconductor device such as an LSI (Large-Scale Integrated) circuit, a VLSI (Very Large-Scale Integrated) circuit, or an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display).
To manufacture a semiconductor device such as an LSI circuit, a VLSI circuit, or an LCD by a lithography process, a light is irradiated to a semiconductor wafer through a reticle, on which a circuit pattern to be transcribed onto the wafer is formed. A reticle is a photomask used for a stepper. If foreign matter is attached to the reticle, this foreign matter absorbs or reflects the light, and thus the pattern transcribed onto the wafer may deform. Also, the shape of the edge of the pattern may deform. Therefore, the size, the quality, and the outward appearance of the pattern transcribed on the wafer deteriorate. Thus, the performance or the yield factor of a semiconductor device and LCD manufactured from this wafer decrease.
Because of the above-mentioned reason, the lithography process described-above is performed inside a clean room. However, even inside the clean room, it is difficult to always maintain the reticle in a normal condition, that is, the condition where the reticle is free from attachment of foreign matter. Thus, usually, a pellicle that protects the reticle from foreign matter is adhered to the surface of the reticle. A pellicle is transparent so that a light used for exposure can transmit through the pellicle onto the reticle.
By using a pellicle, the foreign matter does not attach to the surface of the reticle but attaches to the surface of the pellicle. Therefore, if the light is focused on the pattern of the reticle during the lithography process, the foreign matter, which attaches to the pellicle, does not influence the transcription of the pattern onto the wafer.
FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a conventional photomask. The photomask has a reticle 14 and a pellicle 100. The pellicle 100 includes a pellicle film 12 and a pellicle frame 10.
The pellicle 100 is manufactured by applying a good solvent of the pellicle film 12 on the top end face of a pellicle frame 10, drying the solvent on the pellicle frame 10 with wind, and adhering the pellicle frame 10 on the transparent pellicle film 12 as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. S58-219023. The pellicle frame 10 is made from material such as nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, or fluoroplastics, which has high optical permeability. The pellicle frame 10 can be made from material such as aluminum, stainless steel, or polyethylene, as examples.
The pellicle 100 can also be manufactured by adhering the pellicle frame 10 on a pellicle film 12 with adhesive 20 as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,861,402, Japanese Patent Application publication No. S63-27707, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H7-168345. Acrylic resin, epoxy resin, or fluoroplastics can be used as adhesive 20. Also, an adhesive layer 22 and a separation layer for protecting the adhesive layer 22 is further adhered on a bottom end face of the pellicle frame 10. An adhesive layer is made from material such as polybutene resin, polyvinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, or silicon resin. Therefore, the pellicle film 12 is adhered to the pellicle frame 10 via the adhesive 20. Then, the photomask 200 is manufactured by adhering the pellicle 100 on the reticle 14 with the adhesive 22.
Recently, the requirement for the resolution of the lithography has gradually increased. Therefore, a light having a shorter wavelength is gradually used to satisfy the requirement of the resolution. Specifically, instead of an ultraviolet light of g-line having 436 nm wavelength or i-line having 365 nm wavelengths, an extreme ultraviolet light of KrF excimer laser has been used recently. In the near future, a vacuum ultraviolet light such as an ArF excimer laser having 193 nm wavelength or an F2 excimer laser having 158 nm wavelengths will be used.
If the wavelength of the light becomes shorter, the photon energy of light becomes large. Thus, the deterioration of the material used for the lithography process becomes large. Especially, in a case of the pellicle film 12, because the material used for the pellicle film 12 is organic material such as fluoroplastics, the pellicle film 12 tends to deteriorate easily when using the light having a shorter wavelength.
Therefore, it is proposed to use an inorganic material for a material of a pellicle film 12. In a case of using an inorganic material for the pellicle film 12, the pellicle film 12 should have a larger thickness than the pellicle film 12 made of organic material in order to have enough strength because the inorganic compound layer is generally weak. However, if the thickness of the pellicle film 12, which is made of inorganic material, is large, it becomes very important that the surface of the pellicle film 12 and the surface of the reticle 14 are accurately parallel to each other because of the optical restriction inside the stepper.
Therefore, comparing the relationship between the surface of the pellicle film 12 made of organic material and the surface of the reticle 14, the surface of the pellicle film 12 made of inorganic material and the surface of the reticle 14 should be more accurately parallel.
If the pellicle film 12 is adhered to the pellicle frame 10 through the adhesive 20 as shown in FIG. 1, it is difficult to make the surface of the pellicle film 12 be accurately parallel to the surface of the reticle 14 because the thickness of the adhesive 20 is not uniform.
Generally, the pellicle 100 is adhered to the reticle 14 through the adhesive 22, which is applied on the bottom end of pellicle frame 10. By pressing and adhering the bottom end face of the pellicle frame 10 to the reticle 14, the adhesive layer protected by the separation layer of the adhesive 22 is collapsed, and the pellicle 100 thus be adhered to the reticle 14.
Because this adhesive 22 has elasticity, the distance between the bottom surface of the pellicle film 12 and the top surface of the reticle 22 changes according to the pressure applied on the pellicle 100 against the reticle 14. If the distribution of weight applied on the pellicle 100 is different in each location inside the surface of the pellicle 100, to which the reticle 14 is adhered, the height of the adhesive 22 becomes different for each location. Therefore, the surface of the pellicle film 12 and the surface of the reticle 14 do not become parallel to each other.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a pellicle, which is capable of overcoming the above drawbacks accompanying the conventional art. The above and other objects can be achieved by combinations described in the independent claims. The dependent claims define further advantageous and exemplary combinations of the present invention.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, a pellicle for protecting a reticle, on which a circuit pattern is formed for manufacturing a semiconductor device, from an attachment of a foreign matter, comprises: a pellicle film having a predetermined thickness, through which a light transmits to the reticle; and a pellicle frame, on which a periphery of the pellicle film contacts, including: a body part having a frame shape, the height which are substantially constant all over the body part; and an upper protruding part formed on an upper end of the body part that protrudes upward from the upper end of the body part for directly contacting with a surface of the pellicle film, the height of the upper protruding part being constant all over the upper protruding part.
The upper protruding part may be formed on an inner edge of the upper end of the body part. The upper protruding part may be formed on an outer edge of the upper end of the body part. The upper protruding parts may be formed on both an inner edge and an outer edge of the upper end of the body part so that a recessed part is formed between the upper protruding parts.
The pellicle may further comprise a lower protruding part formed on a lower end of the body part that protrudes downward from the lower end of the body part for directly contacting with a surface of the reticle, the height of the lower protruding part being constant all over the lower protruding part. The lower protruding part may be formed on an inner edge of the lower end of the body part. The lower protruding part may be formed on an outer edge of the lower end of the body part.
The lower protruding parts may be formed on both an inner edge and an outer edge of the lower end of the body part so that a recessed part is formed between the lower protruding parts. The pellicle film and the pellicle frame may be adhered such that the upper protruding part directly contacts a surface of the pellicle film, and an upper end of the body part contacts the surface of the pellicle film through an adhesive.
The pellicle frame and the reticle may be adhered such that the lower protruding part directly contacts a surface of the reticle, and a lower end of the body part contacts the surface of the reticle through an adhesive.
A top end of the upper protruding part may have a sharp edge so that the upper protruding part is contacting the pellicle film at one point along a cross sectional direction perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the upper protruding part. Furthermore, a bottom end of the lower protruding part may have a sharp edge so that the lower protruding part contacts the reticle at one point along a cross sectional direction perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the lower protruding part.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, a photomask comprises: a reticle, on which a circuit pattern is formed for manufacturing a semiconductor device; and a pellicle for protecting the reticle from an attachment of a foreign matter; wherein the pellicle has a pellicle film having a predetermined thickness, through which a light transmits to the reticle; and a pellicle frame, on which a periphery of the pellicle frame contacts, including: a body part having a frame shape, the height of which are substantially constant all over the body part; and an upper protruding part formed on an upper end of the body part that protrudes upward from the upper end of the body part for directly contacting with a surface of the pellicle film, the height of the upper protruding part being constant all over the upper protruding part.
The photomask may further comprise a lower protruding part formed on a lower end of the body part that protrudes downward from the lower end of the body part for directly contacting with a surface of the reticle, the height of the lower protruding part being constant all over the lower protruding part.
The upper protruding part may be formed on an inner edge of the upper end of the body part, and the lower protruding part is formed on an inner edge of the lower end of the body part. The upper protruding part may be formed on an outer edge of the upper end of the body part, and the lower protruding part may be formed on an outer edge of the lower end of the body part.
The upper protruding part may be formed on both an inner edge and an outer edge of the upper end of the body part so that an upper recessed part is formed between the upper protruding parts; and the lower protruding part may be formed on both an inner edge and an outer edge of the lower end of the body part so that a lower recessed part is formed between the lower protruding parts.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, a pellicle frame arranged between a reticle, on which a circuit pattern is formed for manufacturing a semiconductor device, and a pellicle film, through which a light transmits to the reticle, comprises: a first portion directly contacting the pellicle film; and a second portion contacting the pellicle film through an adhesive that adheres the pellicle frame to the pellicle film.
The first portion may directly contact the reticle, and the second portion contacting the reticle through an adhesive that adheres the pellicle frame to the reticle. A difference of height between the first portion and the second portion may serve as an adhesive accommodation part for accommodating the adhesive.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a conventional photomask. The photomask has a reticle 14 and a pellicle 100.
FIGS. 2A and 2B show configuration of a pellicle frame 10A of the present embodiment.
FIG. 3 shows a configuration of a photomask manufactured using the pellicle frame 10A shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B.
FIG. 4 shows another cross sectional view of the pellicle frame 10A.
FIGS. 5A and 5B show configuration of another embodiment of the photomask of the present invention.
FIGS. 6A and 6B show further another embodiment of the photomask of the present invention.
FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the pellicle frame of the present invention.
FIG. 8 shows further another embodiment of the pellicle frame of the present invention.
FIG. 9 shows further another embodiment of the pellicle frame of the present invention.
FIG. 10 shows further another embodiment of the pellicle frame of the present invention.
FIGS. 11A and 11B show configuration of another embodiment of the pellicle of the present invention.
FIGS. 2A and 2B show configuration of a pellicle frame 10A of the present embodiment. FIG. 2A shows an upper plan view of the pellicle frame 10A. FIG. 2B shows a cross-sectional view of the pellicle frame 10A.
A pellicle frame 10A has a body part 50 having a rectangular frame shape and an upper protruding part 16 formed all around an outer edge of the upper end 70 of the body part 50. The shape of the pellicle frame 10A can be various shapes other than rectangular shape such as circular shape or octagonal shape. Furthermore, the upper protruding part 16 is not necessarily formed all around the upper end 70 of the body part 50. The upper protruding part can be formed on a part of the upper end 70 of the body part 50 as shown in FIG. 11A.
The body part 50 and the upper protruding part 16 are integrally formed. The height of the body part 50 is substantially constant all over the body part 50. The upper protruding part 16 protrudes upward from the upper end 70 of the body part. The height of the upper protruding part 16 is constant all over the upper protruding part 16.
A pellicle frame 10A further has a lower protruding part 18 formed all around an outer edge of the lower end 72 of the body part 50. The lower protruding part 18 is not necessarily formed all around the lower end 72 of the body part 50. The lower protruding part can be formed on a part of the lower end 72 of the body part 50. The lower protruding part 18 protrudes downward from the lower end 72 of the body part 50. The body part 50 and the lower protruding part 18 are integrally formed. The height of the lower protruding part 18 is constant all over the lower protruding part 18. A pellicle frame 10A is formed by such as a rigid material such as metal, glass, ceramic, or plastic, which are conventionally known.
As shown in FIG. 2B, an adhesive 24 is applied on the upper end 70 of the body part 50. Here, the adhesive 24 is not applied on the top end of the upper protruding part 16 as shown in FIG. 2B. Preferably, the adhesive 24 is applied on the upper end 70 of the body part 50 such that the height of the adhesive 24 is slightly higher than the height of the upper protruding part 16. A material such as acrylic resin, epoxy resin, fluoroplastics, polybutene resin, polyvinyl acetate resin, or silicon resin, which are conventionally known, can be used for the adhesive 24.
Furthermore, an adhesive 26 is applied on the lower end 72 of the body part 50 as shown in FIG. 2B. Here, the adhesive 26 is not applied on the bottom end of the lower protruding part 18. Preferably, the adhesive 26 is applied on the lower end 72 of the body part 50 such that the height of the adhesive 26 is slightly higher than the height of the lower protruding part 18. A material such as polybutene resin, polyvinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, or silicon resin, which are conventionally known, can be used for the adhesive 26.
FIG. 3 shows a configuration of a photomask manufactured using the pellicle frame 10A shown in FIG. 2A and 2B. A photomask 200A has a pellicle film 12, a pellicle frame 10A, and a reticle 14. The pellicle film 12 is transparent so that a light can transmit through the pellicle frame 12 onto the reticle 14. The pellicle film 12 has a predetermined thickness in order to have enough strength.
The pellicle film 12 is made from an inorganic compound. As an example of the inorganic compound, there are materials such as silica glass, calcium fluoride, and magnesium fluoride, which are excellent in extreme ultraviolet radiation permeability. A silica glass is the most preferable material to be used for the pellicle film 12. A circuit pattern is formed on the reticle 14 so that a light that passes through the reticle 14 is irradiated onto the wafer to manufacture a semiconductor device. A conventional reticle may be used for the reticle 14 of the present embodiment.
The pellicle frame 10A is adhered to the pellicle film 12 by the adhesive 24 to form a pellicle 10A. The pellicle film 12 and the pellicle frame 10A are adhered such that the upper protruding part 16 of the pellicle frame 10A directly contacts a surface of the pellicle film 12. At this time, the periphery of the pellicle film 12 contacts the upper protruding part 16 of the pellicle frame 12. By the above-mentioned process, the pellicle 100A that protects the reticle 14 from a foreign matter can be manufactured.
Furthermore, the pellicle 100A and the reticle 14 is adhered by the adhesive 26 such that that the lower protruding part 18 of the pellicle 100A directly contacts a surface of the reticle 14. Then, the photomask 200A used for manufacturing a semiconductor device is manufactured.
The amount of adhesive 24 applied on the upper end 70 of the body part 50 is determined so that the upper protruding part 16 of the pellicle frame 10A directly contacts a surface of the pellicle film 12. Also, the amount of adhesive 26 applied on the lower end 72 of the body part 50 is determined such that the lower protruding part 18 of the pellicle 100A directly contacts a surface of the reticle 14. The amounts of adhesive 24 and 26 are adjusted according to the characteristic of the adhesive 24 and 26 such as viscosity, density, and curing speed of the adhesive 24 and 26.
Because the upper protruding part 16 of the pellicle frame 10A directly contacts a surface of the pellicle film 12, the distance between the pellicle film 12 and the pellicle frame 10A is constant all over the pellicle 10A. That is, the distance between the pellicle film 12 and the pellicle frame 10A is substantially zero all over the pellicle 10A. Furthermore, because the lower protruding part 18 of the pellicle 100A directly contacts a surface of the reticle 14, and because the height of the pellicle frame 10A is constant all over the pellicle frame 10A, the bottom surface of the pellicle film 12 of the pellicle 10A becomes parallel to the top surface of the reticle 14. In other words, the distance between the bottom surface of the pellicle film 12 and the top surface of the reticle 14 becomes constant all over the pellicle film 12.
Conventionally, the adhesives 20 and 22 adhere the pellicle frame 10 to the pellicle film 12 and the reticle 14 and also control the vertical position of the pellicle 100 against the reticle 14.
Contrary, in the present embodiment, the adhesives 24 and 26 only adhere the pellicle frame 10A to the pellicle film 12 and the reticle 14, respectively, in the pellicle 10A. Instead of adhesive 24 and 26, the upper protruding part 16 and the lower protruding part 18 of the pellicle frame 10A control the vertical position of the pellicle 100A against the reticle 14. Because the pellicle frame 10A is made of rigid material, the surface of the pellicle film 12 and the surface of the reticle 14 can be accurately parallel to each other if the height of the pellicle frame 10A is accurately constant all over the pellicle frame 10A.
FIG. 4 shows another cross sectional view of the pellicle frame 10A. The pellicle frame 10A shown in FIG. 4 is the same as that shown in FIG. 2B except the location of division between a body part and a protruding part.
In FIG. 2B, the pellicle frame 10A is divided in a horizontal direction for each of the upper protruding part 16, the body part, and the lower protruding part 18. In FIG. 4, the pellicle frame 10A is divided in a vertical direction.
The pellicle frame 10A has a first portion 92 that directly contacts the pellicle film 12 and a second portion 94 that contacts the pellicle film 12 through the adhesive 24. The first portion 92 contacts the pellicle film 12 such that the top end 92A of the first portion 92 directly contacts the pellicle film 12. Furthermore, the first portion 92 contacts the reticle 14 such that the bottom end 92B of the first portion 92 directly contacts the reticle 14. The second portion 92 contacts the reticle 14 through the adhesive 26.
The first portion 92 of FIG. 4 corresponds to the sum of the upper protruding part 16, a part of the body part 50, and the lower protruding part 18 shown in FIG. 2B. The second portion 94 of FIG. 4 corresponds to a part of the body part 50 shown in FIG. 2B.
A difference of height H1 and H2 between the first portion 92 and the second portion 94 serves as an adhesive accommodation part for accommodating the adhesives 24 and 26.
FIGS. 5A and 5B show configuration of another embodiment of the photomask of the present invention. The configuration of the photomask 2003 shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B are the same as the configuration of FIG. 3 except the position where the upper protruding part 28 and the lower protruding part 30 are formed.
The upper protruding part 28 shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B is formed all around the inner edge of the upper end 32 of the body part 50. The upper protruding part 28 is not necessarily formed all around the upper end 32 of the body part 50. The upper protruding part 28 can be formed on a part of the upper end 32 of the body part 50. Also, the lower protruding part 30 is formed all around the inner edge of the lower end 34 of the body part 50. The lower protruding part 30 is not necessarily formed all around the upper end 34 of the body part 50. The lower protruding part can be formed on a part of the lower end 34 of the body part 50. The upper protruding part 28, the body part 50, and the lower protruding part 30 are integrally formed.
Because the upper protruding part 28 of the pellicle frame 10B directly contacts a surface of the pellicle film 12, the vertical position of the surface of the pellicle film 12 against the pellicle frame 10B is constant all over the pellicle 10B. Furthermore, because the lower protruding part 30 of the pellicle 100B directly contacts a surface of the reticle 14, the bottom surface of the pellicle film 12 of the pellicle 10B becomes parallel to the top surface of the reticle 14. In other words, the distance between the bottom surface of the pellicle film 12 and the top surface of the reticle 14 becomes constant all over the pellicle film 12.
FIGS. 6A and 6B show further another embodiment of the photomask of the present invention. The configuration of the photomask 200C shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B are the same as the configuration of FIG. 3 except that two upper protruding parts 16 and 28 and two lower protruding parts 18 and 30 are formed.
The upper protruding parts 16 and 28 are formed all around both the inner edge and outer edge of the upper end 40 of the body part 50 so that an upper recessed part 40 is formed between the upper protruding parts 16 and 28. Furthermore, the lower protruding parts 18 and 30 are formed all around both the inner edge and outer edge of the lower end 46 of the body part 50 so that a lower recessed part 40 is formed between the lower protruding parts 18 and 30. The height of the upper protruding parts 16 and 28 are the same, and the height of the lower protruding parts 18 and 30 are the same.
The upper protruding parts 16 and 28 are not necessarily formed all around the upper end 40 of the body part 50. The upper protruding parts 16 and 28 can be formed on a part of the upper end 40 of the body part 50. Also, the lower protruding parts 18 and 30 are not necessarily formed all around the lower end 46 of the body part 50. The lower protruding parts 18 and 30 can be formed on a part of the lower end 46 of the body part 50.
Because the upper protruding parts 16 and 28 of the pellicle frame 10C directly contact a surface of the pellicle film 12, the vertical position of the pellicle film 12 against the pellicle frame 10C is constant all over the pellicle 10C. Furthermore, because the lower protruding parts 18 and 30 of the pellicle 100C directly contact a surface of the reticle 14, the bottom surface of the pellicle film 12 of the pellicle 10C becomes parallel to the top surface of the reticle 14. In other words, the distance between the bottom surface of the pellicle film 12 and the top surface of the reticle 14 becomes constant all over the region of the pellicle film 12.
FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the pellicle frame of the present invention. The configuration of the pellicle frame 10D shown in FIG. 7 is the same as that shown in FIG. 2B except that a top end 80E of the upper protruding part 80 has a sharp edge. The upper protruding part 80 is formed all around an outer edge of the upper end 70 of the body part 50. Also, the lower protruding part 82 is formed all around an outer edge of the lower end 34 of the body part 50.
The upper protruding part 80 is not necessarily formed all around the upper end 70 of the body part 50. The upper protruding part can be formed on a part of the upper end 70 of the body part 50. Also, the lower protruding part 82 is not necessarily formed all around the lower end 34 of the body part 50. The lower protruding part 82 can be formed on a part of the lower end 34 of the body part 50.
Because the top end 80E of the upper protruding part 80 has a sharp edge, the upper protruding part 80 contacts the pellicle film 12 at one point, which is the top end 80E, along a cross sectional direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the upper protruding part 80. If the top plan view of the connection between the pellicle frame 10D and the pellicle film 12 is shown, the shape of the connection is shown as a linear shape.
Thus, when the pellicle frame 10D is pushed and adhered to the pellicle film 12, the adhesive applied on the upper protruding part 80 escapes from the top end 80E of the upper protruding part 80. Therefore, the top end 80E of the upper protruding part 80 can directly and reliably contact a surface of the pellicle film 12. Thus, the vertical position of the pellicle film 12 against the pellicle frame 10D becomes constant all over the pellicle frame 10D because the pellicle frame 10D directly and reliably contacts the surface of the pellicle film 12 all over the pellicle frame 10D.
Furthermore, because the bottom end 82E of the lower protruding part 82 also has a sharp edge, the lower protruding part 82 contacts the reticle 14 at one point, which is the bottom end 82E, along a cross sectional direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the lower protruding part 82. If the bottom plan view of the connection between the pellicle frame 10D and the reticle 14 is shown, the shape of the connection is shown as a linear shape.
Thus, when the pellicle frame 10D is pushed and adhered to the reticle 14, the adhesive applied on the lower protruding part 86 escapes from the bottom end 82E of the lower protruding part 82. Therefore, the bottom end 82E of the lower protruding part 82 can directly and reliably contact a surface of the reticle 14. Thus, the bottom surface of the pellicle film 12 becomes parallel to the top surface of the reticle 14. In other words, the distance between the bottom surface of the pellicle film 12 and the top surface of the reticle 14 becomes reliably constant all over the region of the pellicle film 12.
FIG. 8 shows further another embodiment of the pellicle frame of the present invention. The configuration of the pellicle frame 10E shown in FIG. 8 is the same as that shown in FIG. 5B except that a top end 84E of the upper protruding part 84 has a sharp edge. The upper protruding part 84 is formed all around an inner edge of the upper end 32 of the body part 50. Also, the lower protruding part 86 is formed all around an inner edge of the lower end 34 of the body part 50.
The upper protruding part 84 is not necessarily formed all around the upper end 32 of the body part 50. The upper protruding part 84 can be formed on a part of the upper end 32 of the body part 50. Also, the lower protruding part 86 is not necessarily formed all around the lower end 34 of the body part 50. The lower protruding part can be formed on a part of the lower end 34 of the body part 50.
Because the top end 84E of the upper protruding part 84 has a sharp edge, the upper protruding part 84 contacts the pellicle film 12 at one point, which is the top end 84E, along a cross sectional direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the upper protruding part 84. If the top plan view of the connection between the pellicle frame 10E and the pellicle film 12 is shown, the shape of the connection is shown as a linear shape.
Thus, when the pellicle frame 10E is pushed and adhered to the pellicle film 12, the adhesive applied on the upper protruding part 84 escapes from the top end 84E of the upper protruding part 84. Therefore, the top end 84E of the upper protruding part 84 can directly and reliably contact a surface of the pellicle film 12. Thus, the vertical position of the pellicle film 12 against the pellicle frame 10E becomes constant all over the pellicle frame 10E because the pellicle frame 10E directly and reliably contacts the surface of the pellicle film 12 all over the pellicle frame 10E.
Furthermore, because the bottom end 86E of the lower protruding part 86 also has a sharp edge, the lower protruding part 86 contacts the reticle 14 at one point, which is the bottom end 86E, along a cross sectional direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the lower protruding part 86. If the bottom plan view of the connection between the pellicle frame 10E and the reticle 14 is shown, the shape of the connection is shown as a linear shape.
Thus, when the pellicle frame 10E is pushed and adhered to the reticle 14, the adhesive applied on the lower protruding part 86 escapes from the bottom end 86E of the lower protruding part 86. Therefore, the bottom end 86E of the lower protruding part 86 can directly and reliably contact a surface of the reticle 14. Thus, the bottom surface of the pellicle film 12 becomes parallel to the top surface of the reticle 14. In other words, the distance between the bottom surface of the pellicle film 12 and the top surface of the reticle 14 becomes reliably constant all over the region of the pellicle film 12.
FIG. 9 shows further another embodiment of the pellicle frame of the present invention. The configuration of the pellicle frame 10F shown in FIG. 9 is the same as that shown in FIG. 6B except that top ends 80E and 84E of the upper protruding parts 80 and 84 have a sharp edge. The upper protruding parts 80 and 84 are formed all around both of an inner edge and an outer edge of the upper end 40 of the body part 50, respectively. Also, the lower protruding parts 82 and 86 are formed all around both of an inner edge and an outer edge of the lower end 46 of the body part 50, respectively.
The upper protruding parts 80 and 84 are not necessarily formed all around the upper end 40 of the body part 50. The upper protruding parts 80 and 84 can be formed on a part of the upper end 40 of the body part 50. Also, the lower protruding parts 82 and 86 are not necessarily formed all around the lower end 46 of the body part 50. The lower protruding parts 82 and 86 can be formed on a part of the lower end 46 of the body part 50.
Because the top end 80E of the upper protruding part 80 has a sharp edge, the upper protruding part 80 contacts the pellicle film 12 at one point, which is the top end 80E, along a cross sectional direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the upper protruding part 80. Also, because the top end 84E of the upper protruding part 84 has a sharp edge, the upper protruding part 84 contacts the pellicle film 12 at one point, which is the top end 84E, along a cross sectional direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the upper protruding part 84. If the top plan view of the connection between the pellicle frame 10F and the pellicle film 12 is shown, the shape of the connection is shown as two-linear shapes.
Thus, when the pellicle frame 10F is pushed and adhered to the pellicle film 12, the adhesive applied on the upper protruding parts 80 and 84 escapes from the top ends 80E and 84E of the upper protruding parts 80 and 84. Therefore, the top ends 80E and 84E of the upper protruding parts 80 and 84 can directly and reliably contact a surface of the pellicle film 12. Thus, the vertical position of the pellicle film 12 against the pellicle frame 10F becomes constant all over the pellicle frame 10F because the pellicle frame 10F directly and reliably contacts the surface of the pellicle film 12 all over the pellicle frame 10F.
Furthermore, because the bottom end 82E of the lower protruding part 82 also has a sharp edge, the lower protruding part 82 contacts the reticle 14 at one point, which is the bottom end 82E, along a cross sectional direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the lower protruding part 82. Also, because the bottom end 86E of the lower protruding part 86 also has a sharp edge, the lower protruding part 86 contacts the reticle 14 at one point, which is the bottom end 86E, along a cross sectional direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the lower protruding part 86. If the bottom plan view of the connection between the pellicle frame 10F and the reticle 14 is shown, the shape of the connection is shown as two-linear shapes.
Thus, when the pellicle frame 10F is pushed and adhered to the reticle 14, the adhesive applied on the lower protruding parts 82 and 86 escapes from the bottom ends 82E and 86E of the lower protruding parts 82 and 86. Therefore, the bottom ends 82E and 86E of the lower protruding parts 82 and 86 can directly and reliably contact a surface of the reticle 14. Thus, the bottom surface of the pellicle film 12 becomes parallel to the top surface of the reticle 14. In other words, the distance between the bottom surface of the pellicle film 12 and the top surface of the reticle 14 becomes reliably constant all over the region of the pellicle film 12.
FIG. 10 shows further another embodiment of the pellicle frame of the present invention. The upper protruding part 88 is formed all around a central part of the upper end 92 of the body part 50. Also, the lower protruding part 90 is formed all around a central part of the lower end 94 of the body part 50.
The upper protruding part 88 is not necessarily formed all around the upper end 92 of the body part 50. The upper protruding part 88 can be formed on a part of the upper end 92 of the body part 50. Also, the lower protruding part 90 is not necessarily formed all around the lower end 94 of the body part 50. The lower protruding part 90 can be formed on a part of the lower end 94 of the body part 50.
Because the top end 88E of the upper protruding part 88 has a sharp edge, the upper protruding part 88 contacts the pellicle film 12 at one point, which is the top end 88E, along a cross sectional direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the upper protruding part 88. If the top plan view of the connection between the pellicle frame 10G and the pellicle film 12 is shown, the shape of the connection is shown as a linear shape.
Thus, when the pellicle frame 10G is pushed and adhered to the pellicle film 12, the adhesive applied on the upper protruding part 88 escapes from the top end 88E of the upper protruding part 88. Therefore, the top end 88E of the upper protruding part 88 can directly and reliably contact a surface of the pellicle film 12. Thus, the vertical position of the pellicle film 12 against the pellicle frame 10G becomes constant all over the pellicle frame 10G because the pellicle frame 10G directly and reliably contacts the surface of the pellicle film 12 all over the pellicle frame 10G.
Furthermore, because the bottom end 90E of the lower protruding part 90 also has a sharp edge, the lower protruding part 90 contacts the reticle 14 at one point, which is the bottom end 90E, along a cross sectional direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the lower protruding part 90. If the bottom plan view of the connection between the pellicle frame 10G and the reticle 14 is shown, the shape of the connection is shown as a linear shape.
Thus, when the pellicle frame 10G is pushed and adhered to the reticle 14, the adhesive applied on the lower protruding part 90 escapes from the bottom end 90E of the lower protruding part 90. Therefore, the bottom end 90E of the lower protruding part 90 can directly and reliably contact a surface of the reticle 14. Thus, the bottom surface of the pellicle film 12 becomes parallel to the top surface of the reticle 14. In other words, the distance between the bottom surface of the pellicle film 12 and the top surface of the reticle 14 becomes reliably constant all over the region of the pellicle film 12.
FIGS. 11A and 11B show configuration of another embodiment of the pellicle of the present invention. The configuration of the pellicle 10H shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B are the same as the configuration of FIG. 2 except the upper protruding parts 100 and lower protruding parts 102 are formed only on corners of the body part 50. As shown in FIG. 11A, the upper protruding part and lower protruding part can be formed on a part of the body part 50.
EXAMPLE 1 The pellicle frame 10A as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B was used for manufacturing a pellicle 100A. The pellicle frame 10A was made of aluminum. The pellicle frame 10A had a rectangular plan shape as shown in FIG. 2A. The body part 50 of the pellicle frame 10A is 150 mm by 120 mm in size, 5 mm height, and 6 mm width. The upper protruding part 16 was formed all around the outer edge of the upper end 70 of the body part 50. Also, the lower protruding part 18 was formed all around the outer edge of the lower end 72 of the body part 50. Each of the upper protruding part 16 and lower protruding part 18 has 1 mm height and 3 mm width. The body part 50, the upper protruding part 16, and the lower protruding part 18 are integrally formed.
A difference between the degree of an inclination of the face formed by connecting the top ends of the upper protruding part 16 and the degree of inclination of the face formed by connecting the bottom ends of the lower protruding part 18 was measured. The difference of the degree of the inclination of the two faces was measured to measure how much the two faces were parallel to each other. The difference obtained by the measurement was 5 μm.
The adhesive 24 was applied all around the upper end 70 of the body part 50 of the pellicle frame 10A. An epoxy adhesive of �SUPER BY� manufactured by Cemedine Co., Ltd. was used for the adhesive 26. Also, the adhesive 26 was applied all around the lower end 72 of the body part 50 of the pellicle frame 10A. A silicon adhesive of �X-40-3004� manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. was used as the adhesive 24. At this time, the adhesive 24 was applied on the upper end 70 of the body part 50 such that the height of the adhesive 24 was slightly higher than the height of the upper protruding part 16. Furthermore, the adhesive 26 was applied on the lower end 72 of the body part 50 such that the height of the adhesive 26 was slightly higher than the height of the lower protruding part 18.
A pellicle film 12 having 1 mm thickness was adhered to the pellicle frame 10A to form a pellicle 100A. The pellicle film 12 was made of quartz glass. At this time, the upper protruding part 16 of the pellicle frame 10A directly contacted a surface of the pellicle film 12.
Then, the pellicle 100A was pressed and adhered to the reticle 14 to form a photomask 200A as shown in FIG. 3. At this time, the lower protruding part 18 of the pellicle 100A directly contacted a surface of the reticle 14.
A difference between the degree of an inclination of the pellicle film 12 and the degree of an inclination of the reticle 14 was measured. The difference between the degree of the inclination of the pellicle film 12 and that of the reticle 14 was measured to measure how much the pellicle film 12 and the reticle 14 were parallel to each other. The difference obtained by the measurement was 5 μm, which was the same difference obtained by measuring the difference between the degree of the inclination of the face formed by connecting the top ends of the upper protruding part 16 and that of the face formed by connecting the bottom ends of the lower protruding part 18.
EXAMPLE 2 The pellicle frame 10B as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B was used for manufacturing a pellicle 100B. The pellicle frame 10B was made of aluminum. The pellicle frame 10B had a rectangular plan shape as shown in FIG. 5A. The body part 50 of the pellicle frame 10B is 150 mm by 120 mm in size, 5 mm height, and 6 mm width. The upper protruding part 28 was formed all around the inner edge of the upper end 32 of the body part 50. Also, the lower protruding part 30 was formed all around the inner edge of the lower end 34 of the body part 50. Each of the upper protruding part 28 and lower protruding part 30 has 1 mm height and 3 mm width. The body part 50, the upper protruding part 28, and the lower protruding part 30 are integrally formed.
A difference between the degree of an inclination of the face formed by connecting the top ends of the upper protruding part 28 and the degree of inclination of the face formed by connecting the bottom ends of the lower protruding part 30 was measured. The difference of the degree of the inclination of the two faces was measured to measure how much the two faces were parallel to each other. The difference obtained by the measurement was 5 μm.
The adhesive 60 was applied all around the upper end 32 of the body part 50 of the pellicle frame 10B. An epoxy adhesive of �SUPER B� manufactured by Cemedine Co., Ltd. was used for the adhesive 60. Also, the adhesive 62 was applied all around the lower end 34 of the body part 50 of the pellicle frame 10A. A silicon adhesive of �X-40-3004� manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. was used as the adhesive 62. At this time, the adhesive 60 was applied on the upper end 32 of the body part 50 such that the height of the adhesive 60 was slightly higher than the height of the upper protruding part 28. Furthermore, the adhesive 62 was applied on the lower end 34 of the body part 50 such that the height of the adhesive 62 was slightly higher than the height of the lower protruding part 30.
A pellicle film 12 having 1 mm thickness was adhered to the pellicle frame 10B to form a pellicle 100B. The pellicle film 12 was made of quartz glass. At this time, the upper protruding part 28 of the pellicle frame 10B directly contacted a surface of the pellicle film 12.
Then, the pellicle 100B was pressed and adhered to the reticle 14 to form a photomask 200B as shown in FIG. 5B. At this time, the lower protruding part 30 of the pellicle 100B directly contacted a surface of the reticle 14.
A difference between the degree of an inclination of the pellicle film 12 and the degree of an inclination of the reticle 14 was measured. The difference between the degree of the inclination of the pellicle film 12 and that of the reticle 14 was measured to measure how much the pellicle film 12 and the reticle 14 were parallel to each other. The difference obtained by the measurement was 5 μm, which was the same difference obtained by measuring the difference between the degree of the inclination of the face formed by connecting the top ends of the upper protruding part 28 and that of the face formed by connecting the bottom ends of the lower protruding part 30.
EXAMPLE 3 The pellicle frame 10C as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B was used for manufacturing a pellicle 100C. The pellicle frame 10C was made of aluminum. The pellicle frame 10C had a rectangular plan shape as shown in FIG. 6A. The body part 50 of the pellicle frame 10C is 150 mm by 120 mm in size, 5 mm height, and 6 mm width. The body part 50, the upper protruding parts 16 and 28, and the lower protruding parts 18 and 30 are integrally formed.
The upper protruding parts 16 and 28 are formed all around both the inner edge and outer edge of the upper end 40 of the body part 50 so that an upper recessed part 40 is formed between the upper protruding parts 16 and 28. Also, the lower protruding parts 18 and 30 are formed all around both the inner edge and outer edge of the lower end 46 of the body part 50 so that a lower recessed part 46 is formed between the lower protruding parts 18 and 30. Each of the upper protruding parts 16 and 28 and lower protruding parts 18 and 30 has 1 mm height and 3 mm width. Furthermore, the height of the upper protruding parts 16 and 28 are the same, and the height of the lower protruding parts 18 and 30 are the same.
A difference between the degree of an inclination of the face formed by connecting the top ends of the upper protruding parts 16 and 28 and the degree of inclination of the face formed by connecting the bottom ends of the lower protruding parts 18 and 30 was measured. The difference of the degree of the inclination of two faces was measured to measure h how much the two faces were parallel to each other. The difference obtained by the measurement was 5 μm.
The adhesive 64 was applied all around the upper recessed part 40 formed by the upper protruding parts 28 and 16 of the pellicle frame 10A. An epoxy adhesive of �SUPERB � manufactured by Cemedine Co., Ltd. was used for the adhesive 64. Also, the adhesive 66 was applied all around the lower recessed part 46 formed by the lower protruding parts 18 and 30 of the pellicle frame 10A. A silicon adhesive of �X-40-3004� manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. was used as the adhesive 66. At this time, the adhesive 64 is applied on the recessed part 40 such that the height of the adhesive 64 was slightly higher than the height of the upper protruding parts 16 and 28. Furthermore, the adhesive 66 was applied on the lower recessed part 66 such that the height of the adhesive 66 was slightly higher than the height of the lower protruding parts 18 and 30.
A pellicle film 12 having 1 mm thickness was adhered to the pellicle frame 10C to form a pellicle 100C. The pellicle film 12 was made of quartz glass. At this time, the upper protruding parts 16 and 28 of the pellicle frame 10C directly contacted a surface of the pellicle film 12.
Then, the pellicle 100C was pressed and adhered to the reticle 14 to form a photomask 200C as shown in FIG. 6B. At this time, the lower protruding parts 18 and 30 of the pellicle 100C directly contacted a surface of the reticle 14.
A difference between the degree of an inclination of the pellicle film 12 and the degree of an inclination of the reticle 14 was measured. The difference between the degree of the inclination of the pellicle film 12 and that of the reticle 14 was measured to measure how much the pellicle film 12 and the reticle 14 were parallel to each other. The difference obtained by the measurement was 5 μm, which was the same difference obtained by measuring the difference between the degree of the inclination of the face formed by connecting the top ends of the upper protruding parts 16 and 28 and that of the face formed by connecting the bottom ends of the lower protruding parts 18 and 30.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 The pellicle frame 10 as shown in FIG. 1 was used for manufacturing a pellicle 100. The pellicle frame 10 was made of aluminum. The pellicle frame 10 had a rectangular plan shape. The pellicle frame 10 is 150 mm by 120 mm in size, 5 mm height, and 6 mm width. The pellicle frame 10 did not have a protruding part.
A difference between the degree of an inclination of the face formed by connecting the upper ends of the pellicle frame 10 and the degree of inclination of the face formed by connecting the lower ends of the pellicle frame 10 was measured. The difference of the degree of the inclination of two faces was measured to measure how much the two faces were parallel to each other. The difference obtained by the measurement was 5 μm.
The adhesive 20 was applied all around the upper end of the pellicle frame 10. An epoxy adhesive of �SUPER B� manufactured by Cemedine Co., Ltd. was used for the adhesive 20. Also, the adhesive 22 was applied all around the lower end of the pellicle frame 10. A silicon adhesive of �X-40-3004� manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. was used as the adhesive 22.
A pellicle film 12 having 1 mm thickness was adhered to the upper end face of the pellicle frame 10 to form a pellicle 100. The pellicle film 12 was made of quartz glass. At this time, the upper end face of the pellicle frame 10 was adhered to the pellicle film 12 with the adhesive 20. Therefore, the pellicle frame 10 contacted the pellicle film 12 through the adhesive 20 and did not directly contact the pellicle film 12.
Then, the pellicle 100 was pressed and adhered to the reticle 14 to form a photomask 200 as shown in FIG. 1. At this time, the lower end face of the pellicle frame 10 was adhered to the reticle 14 with the adhesive 22. Therefore, the pellicle frame 10 contacted the reticle 14 through the adhesive 22 and did not directly contact the reticle 14.
A difference between the degree of an inclination of the pellicle film 12 and the degree of an inclination of the reticle 14 was measured. The difference between the degree of the inclination of the pellicle film 12 and that of the reticle 14 was measured to measure how much the pellicle film l2 and the reticle 14 were parallel to each other. The difference obtained by the measurement was 40 μm, which was much larger than the difference obtained by measuring the difference between the degree of the inclination of the face formed by connecting the upper ends of the pellicle frame 10 and that of the face formed by connecting the lower ends of the pellicle frame 10.
As described above, by the pellicle 10 shown in FIG. 1 and explained in the COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE, it is difficult to make the surface of the pellicle film 12 and the surface of the reticle 14 be accurately parallel to each other even if the face formed by the top ends of the upper protruding part and the face formed by the bottom ends of the lower protruding part are accurately parallel to each other because the thickness of the adhesive 20 and 22 is not uniform around the pellicle frame 10.
Contrary, the pellicle of the present embodiment can make the surface of the pellicle film 12 and the surface of the reticle 14 be accurately parallel to each other if the face formed by the top ends of the upper protruding part and the face formed by the bottom ends of the lower protruding part are accurately parallel to each other. Therefore, a photomask having high quality can be easily obtained by the present embodiment.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS4861402Aug 31, 1988Aug 29, 1989Du Pont Tau Laboratories, Inc.Method of making a cellulose acetate butyrate pellicleUS6083577 *Jul 8, 1997Jul 4, 2000Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.Mask protective deviceJP2000122266A * Title not availableJP2000194121A * Title not availableJPH1020480A * Title not availableJPH07168345A Title not availableJPH09206723A * Title not availableJPH09319069A * Title not availableJPS6327707A Title not availableJPS58219023A Title not available* Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS7339653Feb 6, 2007Mar 4, 2008Asml Holding N.V.System for a pellicle frame with heightened bonding surfacesClassifications U.S. Classification430/5, 430/311, 428/14International ClassificationG03F1/62, G03F1/64, G03F1/14, H01L21/027Cooperative ClassificationG03F1/64, G03F7/70808European ClassificationG03F1/64, G03F7/70P2Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionMar 11, 2013FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8May 20, 2009FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Mar 14, 2002ASAssignmentOwner name: SHIN-ETSU CHEMICAL CO., LTD., JAPANFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SHIRASAKI, TORU;REEL/FRAME:012696/0654Effective date: 20020222RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services©2012 Google

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