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Patent US4449145 - Intelligent teletext decoder - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign in<nobr>Advanced Patent Search</nobr>PatentsAn equalizer and decoder system compensating for multipath distortion in digital format signals sent by teletext, for example. The system loads demodulated data signals and a received reference signal into a charge coupled device clocked in real time by a clock circuit. Later, the reference pulse is...http://www.google.com/patents/US4449145?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US4449145 - Intelligent teletext decoderAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS4449145 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 06/493,129Publication dateMay 15, 1984Filing dateJun 13, 1983Priority dateJan 24, 1980Fee statusPaidPublication number06493129, 493129, US 4449145 A, US 4449145A, US-A-4449145, US4449145 A, US4449145AInventorsWalter S. CicioraOriginal AssigneeZenith Radio CorporationExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (4), Non-Patent Citations (21), Referenced by (12), Classifications (8), Legal Events (11) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetIntelligent teletext decoderUS 4449145 AAbstract An equalizer and decoder system compensating for multipath distortion in digital format signals sent by teletext, for example. The system loads demodulated data signals and a received reference signal into a charge coupled device clocked in real time by a clock circuit. Later, the reference pulse is clocked to a microprocessor which determines tap coefficients for a transversal filter to correct the multipath distortion in the reference signal. The data signals are then applied to a transversal filter weighted with the calculated tap weights. After filtering, signals are decoded by the microprocessor.
In another embodiment a charge coupled device with tapped stages is used at one time for receiving the data signals in real time, and at a later time for part of a transversal filter.
In a simplest embodiment, distortions are removed by the microprocessor itself, without any separate transversal filter.
What is claimed is: 1. A machine implemented method for use with a receiver which receives both transmitted digital format data signals and a transmitted reference signal, for equalizing said digital format data signals according to distortion exhibited by said reference signal and decoding said digital format data signals, comprising the steps of:loading said reference signal into a time base expander having an input and an output in real time; then applying the reference signal from the output of said time base expander at a selectable rate to another circuit and therein automatically and electronically calculating adjustment signals based on said reference signal for correcting said reference signal; adjusting a filter having tap weights in accordance with an adjustment signal to obtain weighted taps; loading said digital format data signals into said filter; equalizing said digital format data signals in said filter, including generating weighted signals in accordance with the weighted taps and said digital format data signals in said filter thereby to obtain an equalized data signal; and then decoding said equalized data signal. 2. The method according to claim 1 wherein said time base expander comprises a charge coupled device.
3. The method according to claim 1 wherein said another circuit includes a microprocessor.
4. The method according to claim 1 wherein said filter comprises a charge coupled device transversal filter having a plurality of stages and corresponding taps coupled to be weighted in accordance with said adjustment signals, and wherein said equalizing step includes generating signals weighted in accordance with said taps and the data in said stages and summing the weighted signals.
5. A machine implemented method for use with a receiver which receives both transmitted digital format data signals and a transmitted reference signal, for equalizing said digital format data signals according to distortion exhibited by said reference signal and decodng said digital format data signals, comprising the steps of:loading said reference signal in real time into tapped timed base expander having an input and an output; applying said reference signal from said output of said time base expander at a selectable rate to another circuit and therein automatically and electronically calculating adjustment signals based on said reference signal for correcting said reference signal; storing said adjustment signals; loading said digital format data signals into said tapped time base expander in real time; equalizing said digital format data signals in the tapped time base expander, including generating weighted signals in accordance with said stored adjustment signals and said digital format data in said tapped time base expander thereby to obtain an equalized data signal; and then decoding said equalized data signal. 6. The method according to claim 5 wherein said storing step includes storing said adjustment signals in a tap weight storage.
7. The method according to claim 6 wherein said equalizing step includes applying signals from said tapped time base expander to weighting circuits adjusted in accordance with said adjustment signals stored in said tap weight storage, and summing the output of said tap weighting circuits.
8. The method according to claim 5 wherein said reference signal and said digital format data signals are loaded into a tapped time base expander in real time, and wherein said applying said reference signal step includes clocking said reference signal to said tapped time base expander to said another circuit at a selected rate slower than the real time rate.
9. A machine implemented method for use with a receiver which receives both transmitted digital format data signals and a transmitted reference signal for equalizing said digital format data signals according to distortion exhibited by said reference signals and decoding said digital format data signals, comprising the steps of:clocking said reference signal in real time to a charged coupled device having an input, an output, and several tapped stages; clocking said reference signal from said input to said output and applying it therefrom to a microprocessor device; calculating, in said microprocessor device, tap weights for an equalizer for correcting distortion based on said reference signal received by said microprocessor device; storing said calculated tap weights in a tap weight storage; clocking said digital format data signals into said charge coupled device in real time; weighting said digital format data signals in said charge coupled device in accordance with said tap weights and obtaining equalized data signals; decoding said equalized signal. 10. The method according to claim 9 wherein said clocking said reference signal from said input to said output occurs at a rate slower than the real time rate.
This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 276,730, filed June 24, 1981, now abandoned, which is a division of Ser No. 114,930, filed Jan. 24, 1980, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,333,109.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to telecommunications and, more particularly, to improvements in communication of textual data in digital format via television, such as teletext systems.
Teletext refers generally to a system for communicating textual information in a digital format via an appropriately modified broadcast television transmitter and receiver. It is a product of the constant effort in modern civilization to provide improved communication, and specifically to find increased uses for television. Television can be used to broadcast textual information in the typical video picture format, but teletext systems increase efficiency since they communicate textual information simultaneously with typical program transmission. In the various systems throughout the world for teletext, including ORACLE in the United Kingdom, Antiope in France, and the trial teletext systems in the United States, information is transmitted from a transmission station to multiple recipients during the so-called "vertical interval." For those who are unfamiliar with television operation and this vertical interval, a television receiver includes a cathode ray tube which generates an electron beam. The electron beam scans, i.e. moves from left to right, the cathode ray tube at a predetermined rate. When the electron beam reaches the right side of the tube, it is blanked (made invisible) and caused to retrace rapidly to the left side of the tube but one line lower to continue forming an image on the television screen. When the electron beam reaches the bottom of the screen, internal blanking circuits darken the beam so that it does not produce an image, and a vertical sweep circuit causes the dark beam to retrace to the top of the screen. The time during which that darkening and retracing occurs is the vertical interval.
In the United States, the time which this vertical interval occupies is approximately 1333 microseconds, which approximates the time required for scaning twenty-one horizontal (display) lines. Thus, Twenty-one lines which are not used for viewing the television image are available for other types of communication.
Normally the teletext system communicates the textual information in a digital rather than video format, but the teletext signals are, in fact, analog representations of digital bits. The digital format is used because under present technology a piece of information such as an alphabetical letter can be telecommunicated in less time using digital techniques than video ones. Typically, at the transmitter, the textual information is digitally encoded according to American National Standards Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) format and is often protected by a Hamming code. The digital format data is transmitted during the vertical interval, and the received signal is demodulated, decoded and generally stored for subsequent use or, less often, displayed immediately on the television screen.
For normal video broadcasts, particularly in urban regions, the transmitted signal may reach a particular receiver by more than one path due to reflections of the transmitted signal off of buildings or other objects. This phenomenon, known as multipath, creates a disturbing and unpleasant video display. The distortion caused to digital data, however, is of a different and vastly more destructive character due to overlapping of digital bits of information. This is called intersymbol interference.
Linear distortion can be overcome, theoretically, as set forth more particularly by H. A. Wheeler, "The Interpretation of Amplitude and Phase Distortion in Terms of Paired Echoes," Proc. I.R.E., Vol. 27, June 1939, pp. 359-385. Paired-echo theory indicates that linear types of distortion can be approximated in terms of appropriate sets of paired echoes displaced in time about the undistorted transmitted signal. Specifically, linear distortions consist of the undistorted transmitted signal plus at least one pre-echo similar in shape to the undistorted signal, but preceeding it in time by some amount t1, and a corresponding post-echo also similar in shape to the undistorted signal but following it in time by the same amount of time t1. Generally, all linear distortions, regardless of origin, can be expressed as a sum of pre-echo and post-echoes of the undistorted signals. The process of removing distortions from a communication channel, including ghosts, is referred to as channel equalization and is implemented by devices known as channel equalizers.
Channel equalization has been proposed for teletext, but a workable system has not been developed. In S. K. Goyal and S. C. Armfield, "Reception of Teletext under Multipath Conditions,"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. CE-25, No. 3, (July 1979), Goyal and Armfield suggested the use of a transversal filter in combination with an appropriate training waveform to maintain data reliability despite multipath distortion. They simulated a deghosting system using transversal filters with variable tap weights with one of four different training wave forms. After appropriate adjustment of the tap weights, the ghosted data was passed through the filter for deghosting and consequent improvement in the eye pattern, indicating increased reliability of digital data. Goyal and Armfield conducted their experiment on an IBM 370/168 computer in conjunction with a digital frame store system with eight bit resolution and a sampling rate four times the subcarrier frequency. Following the teachings in W. Ciciora, G. Sprignoli and W. Thomas, "A Tutorial on Ghost Cancelling in Television Systems," IEEE Trans. on Consumer Elec., Vol. CE-25, No. 1, pp. 9-44 (February 1979), as well as those of H. Thedick, "Adaptive Multipath Equalization for TV Broadcasting," IEEE Trans. on Consumer Elec., Vol. CE-23, No. 2, pp. 175-181 (May 1977); E. Arnon, "An Adaptive Equalizer for Television Channels," IEEE Trans. on Comm. Tech., Vol. Com. 17, pp. 726-734 (December 1969); and K. Yamamoto, N. Yamaguchi, N. Miyata, "Ghost Reduction Systems for Television Receivers," IEEE Trans. on Consumer Electronics, Vol. CE-23, pp. 327-344 (August 1977), Goyal and Armfield found a feed-forward transversal filter operating on a baseband signal to be an acceptable deghosting method. They simulated an adaptive deghosting system using a 128-tap transversal filter with various types of training signals. The tap weights were adjusted by running the training wave form for five hundred passes to calculate the tap coeffecients. After such adjustment, they found that the adaptive equalization improved data reliability. Clearly, equipping every teletext recipient with an IBM 370 computer at a cost of over one million dollars per computer is not a feasible solution for enhancing teletext data reliability.
Another proposal or plan for equalization of digital data involves PBS' Captioning for the Deaf system, which displays textual information at the bottom of the television screen along with the transmitted video image. The PBS signal format includes an adaptive equalizer reference signal which is transmitted every eigth frame. An associated multipath filter may be microcomputer based as set forth in Thedick, op. cit. However, it would suffer significant speed limitations, as it once samples the reference pulse each time it appears--once each eight frames. Data about the reference pulse would very slowly be built up on a memory, and a filter would adaptively equalize the communication. Such a system would not effectively equalize the channel in a high data rate system.
Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to improve the reliability of textual data communications via television at a modest cost.
A further object is to provide an improved system which does not require a large and powerful computer.
A further object is to provide an improved teletext decoder arrangement.
Another object is to equalize teletext signals to overcome multipath distortion.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The foregoing and other objects are achieved by the invention defined by the appended claims. Preferred embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a typical television receiver equipped with apparatus for receiving teletext information;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of an improved teletext decoder according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a second embodiment of an improved teletext decoder according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a CCD transversal filter which may be used in the embodiment of FIG. 3; and
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a third embodiment of an improved teletext decoder according to the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 illustrates a typical television color receiver 10 (above the dotted line) equipped with a teletext receiver section 12 and its supporting control apparatus (below the dotted line). The receiver 10 includes the typical tuner 14, channel selector 16, a video demodulator including an intermediate frequency section 18 and detector 20, a chroma decoder, amplifier and control section 22, a mixer and video output stage 24, a cathode ray tube (CRT) 26, a deflection circuit 28 controlled by a sync separator 30 which is coupled to video detector 20, and sound detector. The teletext section 12 includes a teletext decoder 34 receiving demodulated signals from the video detector 20. Control of various functions, such as requests for channel identification, time display, index page display, textual updating activation or deactivation, or superimposition of the text on the normal television picture, for instance, is provided via a manual controller 36 or a remote controller 38 cooperating with a remote control decoder 40. The teletext section 12 shares the mixer and video output stage 24. In operation, teletext receiver section 12 receives demodulated digital data, decodes it and holds the data in accordance with user entered commands via a controller 36 and 38. When a display command is entered, for example, the receiver 12 interrupts commercial television programming and causes a page of text to be displayed on CRT 26. Teletext decoder 34 outputs the blanking, synchronizing and chroma signals necessary for proper CRT operation.
The receiver shown in FIG. 1 includes no equalizer for overcoming multipath distortion. I have found that "time base expansion," described fully in my U.S. Pat. No. 4,091,418, "Automatic Channel Equalization with Time Base Expansion," which is hereby incorporated herein by this reference, can be salutorily applied to digital communication via television. In my prior pattent, a television receiver was improved by including a charge coupled device (CCD) which received analog data including a reference signal at one rate and clocked it to a control section at a slower rate. Due to the manageable speed, the control section adjusted tap weights on a transversal filter, thereby to adaptively equalize the channel and counteract the effects of multipath distortion.
Time base expansion apparatus is shown in FIG. 2 which illustrates one embodiment of a teletext decoder according to the present invention. In FIG. 2, a CCD time expander 50 is clocked by a timing circuit 52 to receive demodulated teletext signals from detector 20. The timing circuit 52 receives inputs from the vertical and horizontal outputs of sync separator 30 (FIG. 1) and clocks the CCD time expander 50 only when teletest signals are received. Thus, time expander 50 does not admit video display signals, which are processed by conventional techniques in the television receiver 10. Typically, textual information is sent over a teletext system only one or two lines (or text) at a single time, and the number of stages in CCD time expander 50 is sufficient to admit all the data transmitted in teletext format in a single field of video. After the demodulated but still "ghosted" information is clocked into time expander 50, timing circuits 52 clock the date out at a slower rate than it was received to ease the computing requirements for equalization. The data signals are applied via a suitable analogue to digital (A/D) converter 54, such as a successive approximation type converter, to a microprocessor 56. Microprocessor 56 applies equalization algorithms to the digital data signals to remove the distortions suffered between the transmitter and the receiver and even distortions originating inside the receiver. The Lucky algrithm, for example, and others as are well known to those skilled in the art, can be used. Microprocessor 56 then decodes the data. Typically, the system will store the deghosted data in some memory device such as a random access memory (RAM) or circulating memory such as a CCD or bubble memory. When the system user requests a display, microprocessor 56 will read the deghosted data and decode it by referring to a read-only memory (ROM), for example, which contains full information for converting from ASC II code to alphanumeric symbols. Decoding of teletext data is not set forth elaborately here inasmuch as it is within the skill of the art. Alternatively, the system may decode the teletext data and store decoded data in a memory device. In any event, microprocessor 56 outputs signals for blanking, three chroma signals and two timing signals.
A second embodiment of an adaptive equalizer for teletext according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 3, where the demodulated teletext data and reference signals are clocked into a CCD time expander 60 by timing circuits 62. The reference signals are applied via an A/D converter 64, to a microprocessor 66 equipped with a memory. The transmitted reference signals have known characteristics, and the microprocessor, in accordance with known techniques, compares the reference signals as received with a local reference stored within microprocessor 66 to calculate the necessary tap weights to enable a transversal filter 68 to correct the distortions in the reference signal. The tap weight signals are applied to filter 68 via a data bus 70. Next, the textual data (still an analog representation of digital data) are clocked at a slower rate determined by timing circuits 62 into and through filter 68 where they are equalized. The equalized data is next applied to a second A/D converter 72 for digitizing, i.e. symbol decision, after which they are applied to microprocessor 66 for decoding and/or storage for subsequent use. Synchronizing, blanking, and chroma signals are also provided by microprocessor 66.
FIG. 4 illustrates CCD transversal filter 68. Such a filter is presently commercially available from various companies, such as Reticon, for instance. Normally, the data rate from teletext signals is far too high for real time adjustment of a CCD transversal filter. But with use of the time expander 60, the relatively inexpensive and commercially available CCD transversal filters can be used for equalization, thereby to enhance teletext reliability. In FIG. 4, a CCD 80 includes a data input 81 and a clock pulse input 82 for pulses from a clock 83. CCD 80 includes a plurality of stages 84, each of which has an associated tap 85. Each such tap 85 couples the signal at its corresponding stage to a respective weighting device 86 which responds to signals from bus 70. Weighted signals are outputted by each device 86 and applied to a summer 87 which accumulates the weighted signals. An output 88 of summer 87 provides the output of filter 68.
FIG. 5 illustrates a third embodiment of an adaptive equalizer for teletext decoder according to the present invention wherein a CCD time expander and a CCD transversal filter are combined as one integrated circuit 90 for cost and space efficiency. Integrated circuit 90 cooperates with an input selection switch device 92, a microprocessor with associated memory 94, an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter 96, a digital-to-analog (D/A) converter 98 and timing circuits 100. It will be understood that A/D and D/A converters 96 and 98 may be incorporated in circuit 90 if desired.
Circuit 90 functions both as a time expander and a filter. In the first step of operation, switch device 92 is controlled by microprocessor 94 via a control lead 102 to pass a line of reference training signals received and demodulated by television receiver section 10 (FIG. 1) to a signal input terminal 104.
An internal input switch device 106 has its input coupled to the signal input terminal 104 and has two outputs. Switch operation is controlled by microprocessor 94 via a lead 108 coupled to a terminal 110 of circuit 90 which, in turn, is connected to an output 112 of microprocessor 94. During the first step of operation, internal input switch device passes the reference training signals to a tapped CCD device 114. Clock driver circuits 116, coupled via a terminal 118 to timing circuits 100, clock CCD 114 at the normal teletext data transmission rate so that the reference training signals are received by and clocked into the stages of CCD 114.
After the reference training signals are loaded in CCD 114, timing circuits 100 and clock driver 116 clock the reference training signals out of CCD 114 at a relatively slow rate so that CCD 114 is used as a time base expander. The reference training signals are passed through an internal output selector switch device 120 whose position is microprocessor-controlled via a terminal 122. The reference training signals are applied to A/D converter 96 via an output terminal 124 which receives the output from switch 120. The reference training signals are digitized and then passed to microprocessor 94 which calculates tap weights therefrom for proper equalization.
In the second step of operation, after the reference training signals are clocked out of CCD 114, microprocessor 94 changes the positions of switches 92 and 106. The computer tap weights are converted to analog format by D/A converter 98 and directed by switch devices 92 and 106 to a tap weight storage 126 within integrated circuit 90.
After this is accomplished, the system is prepared to accept teletext data signals in the third step of operation. Switch devides 92 and 106 are controlled by microprocessor 94 to couple demodulated teletext signals from receiver section 10 to CCD 114. In this step, CCD 114 is again clocked at the normal teletext data transmission rate by clock driver circuits 116 and timing circuits 100 so that the teletext data signals are indeed received by and clocked into CCD 114. This continues until a full line of teletext data is loaded into CCD 114.
In the fourth step of operation, equalization occurs. A set of tap weighting circuits 128 receives tap weights from tap weight storage 126 and receives teletext data signals from CCD 114 via CCD taps 130. The weighted teletext data signals are inputted from tap weighting circuits 128 to a summer 120 which sums the signals. Output selector switch device 120 is moved to its second position by microprocessor 94 and the equalized teletext data signals are outputted through switch device 120 to output terminal 124. After conversion to digital format by A/D converter 96, the data are applied to microprocessor 94 for decoding and/or storage in the memory section for subsequent use.
It is to be understood that the sequencing of operation can be varied so long as reference training signals and teletext data signals are appropriately processed by integrated circuit 90 and microprocessor 94.
The foregoing illustrative embodiments show how a transversal filter can be adjusted to adaptively equalize data despite the extreme baud rate of teletext communication. It will be understood that this arrangement can be applied also for captioning, which merely calls for immediate display rather than storage, or other types of digital communication links. By use of time base expansion, a microprocessor, which costs a fraction of an otherwise necessary large frame computer, can be used to adjust a transversal filter to overcome multipath distortions. Many variations fully within the scope of the present invention, defined by the appended claims, will be or become apparent to those skilled in the art.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS3283063 *Apr 10, 1963Nov 1, 1966Fujitsu LtdAutomatic equalizer systemUS4032762 *Oct 7, 1975Jun 28, 1977Rockwell International CorporationAdjustable digital filter for high speed digital transmissionUS4044381 *May 30, 1975Aug 23, 1977Hitachi, Ltd.Automatic waveform equalizing system for television receiverUS4091418 *Mar 2, 1977May 23, 1978Zenith Radio CorporationAutomatic channel equalization with time base expansion* Cited by examinerNon-Patent CitationsReference1 *A Frequency Domain Interpretation of Echos and Their Effect on Teletext Data Reception, by Neal & Goyal, pp. 1 to 16.2 *A Tutorial on Ghost Cancelling in TV System, by W. Ciciora et al., IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Feb. 1979, pp. 1 35.3A Tutorial on Ghost Cancelling in TV System, by W. Ciciora et al., IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Feb. 1979, pp. 1-35.4 *Adaptive Multipath Equalization for T.V. Broadcasting, by Henry Thedick, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, May 1977, pp. 175 181.5Adaptive Multipath Equalization for T.V. Broadcasting, by Henry Thedick, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, May 1977, pp. 175-181.6 *An Introduction to Teletext and Viewdata with Comments on Compatibility, by Ciciora et al., pp. 1 to 8.7 *Automatic Equalization for Digital Communication, by R. W. Lucky, B.S.T.L., vol. XLIV, pp. 547 588, Apr. 1965.8Automatic Equalization for Digital Communication, by R. W. Lucky, B.S.T.L., vol. XLIV, pp. 547-588, Apr. 1965.9 *Multitext Signetics Technical Information, by Mullard, 1978.10Multitext-Signetics Technical Information, by Mullard, 1978.11 *Reception of Teletext under Multipath Conditions, by S. Goyal, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Jul. 1979.12 *Techniques for Adaptive Equalization of Digital Communication Systems, by R. 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CE 25, No. 3, Jul. 1979, pp. 400 405.20Television Receiver Design Aspects for Employing Teletext LSI, by T. Suzuki et al., IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol. CE-25, No. 3, Jul. 1979, pp. 400-405.21 *This is Oracle, IBA Engineering Information Service, Oct. 1977.* Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS4673979 *Jun 11, 1985Jun 16, 1987Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Digital data reproducing systemUS4845662 *Jul 27, 1987Jul 4, 1989Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki KaishaData processor employing run-length codingUS5327176 *Mar 1, 1993Jul 5, 1994Thomson Consumer Electronics, Inc.Automatic display of closed caption information during audio mutingUS5557641 *May 19, 1994Sep 17, 1996Stanford Telecommunications, Inc.Charge-coupled-device based transmitters and receiversUS5581576 *Jan 12, 1995Dec 3, 1996International Business Machines Corp.Radio information broadcasting and receiving systemUS5596372 *Feb 3, 1995Jan 21, 1997Eeg Enterprises, Inc.Video signal data and composite synchronization extraction circuit for on-screen displayUS5760844 *Aug 20, 1996Jun 2, 1998Eeg Enterprises, Inc.In an electronic signal receiving circuitUS6067122 *Apr 23, 1998May 23, 2000Intel CorporationHost-based anti-ghosting of teletext data based on non-oversampled dataUS6710811Apr 28, 1999Mar 23, 2004Thomson Licensing S.A.Data processing deviceDE19820909A1 *May 9, 1998Nov 25, 1999Thomson Brandt GmbhCircuit arrangement of data processing deviceWO1999055079A1 *Mar 11, 1999Oct 28, 1999Cahill Benjamin M IiiHost-based anti-ghosting of teletext data based on non-oversampled dataWO1999059336A1 *Apr 28, 1999Nov 18, 1999Erbar MaximilianData processing device* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification348/466, 348/468, 348/E07.02, 348/611, 348/478International ClassificationH04N7/035Cooperative ClassificationH04N7/035European ClassificationH04N7/035Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionOct 1, 2001ASAssignmentOwner name: ZENITH ELECTRONICS CORPORATION, ILLINOISFree format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC.;REEL/FRAME:012188/0204Effective date: 20010822Owner name: ZENITH ELECTRONICS CORPORATION 2000 MILLBROOK DR.Owner name: ZENITH ELECTRONICS CORPORATION 2000 MILLBROOK DR.LFree format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC. /AR;REEL/FRAME:012188/0204Feb 24, 2000ASAssignmentOwner name: LG ELECTRONICS INC., KOREA, REPUBLIC OFFree format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:ZENITH ELECTRONICS CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:010618/0424Effective date: 19991109Owner name: LG ELECTRONICS INC. 20, YOIDODONG, YOUNGDUNGPO-GUNov 12, 1999ASAssignmentOwner name: CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS AGENT, NEW YORKFree format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:ZENITH ELECTRONICS CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:010470/0414Effective date: 19991109Owner name: CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS AGENT 6TH FLOOR,Jul 28, 1998ASAssignmentOwner name: LG ELECTRONICS INC., KOREA, REPUBLIC OFFree format text: ;ASSIGNOR:ZENITH ELECTRONICS CORPORATIOIN;REEL/FRAME:009367/0060Effective date: 19980429May 5, 1998ASAssignmentOwner name: LG ELECTRONICS INC., KOREA, REPUBLIC OFFree format text: PATENT COLLATERAL ASSIGNMENT AND SECURITY AGREEMENT. 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Revenue Grows, but Profit Slides 12% at Time Warner - The New York Times
Media|Revenue Grows, but Profit Slides 12% at Time Warner
https://nyti.ms/1kck7Xn
Revenue Grows, but Profit Slides 12% at Time Warner
By LESLIE KAUFMANFEB. 5, 2014
Time Warner reported on Wednesday that its profits in the fourth quarter shrank by 12 percent, citing higher programming costs at its Home Box Office and Turner units and “reinvestments in the business” that cut into the bottom line.But strong growth from its cable and movie businesses produced a 5 percent increase in overall revenue for the quarter to $8.57 billion, from $8.16 billion in the same period a year ago. Net profit dropped to $983 million from $1.11 billion in the year-ago quarter. Earnings per share, however, were $1.17, higher than the $1.15 expected by Wall Street.This was the first time that Time Warner reported the financial performance of HBO separately. Revenue from that unit was up 6 percent for the three months ending Dec. 31, to $1.3 billion, on the strength of shows like “Girls” and “Game of Thrones.” Subscription revenue, helped by higher domestic rates, was up 8 percent in the quarter, and 6 percent for the year.The company said, however, that programming costs rose by 12 percent at HBO, leading to a 4 percent decline in profit for the quarter, to $414 million. The unit, which is in an intensifying competition with Netflix for subscribers, was affected by higher expenses for original programming, as well as costs related to the consolidation of HBO Asia and HBO Nordic. Continue reading the main story
Turner Broadcasting, Time Warner’s cable unit, reported a 3 percent increase in revenue, to $2.5 billion, in the quarter, citing gains in subscription and advertising revenue. Viewership and advertising at CNN were down, however, compared with the presidential election year in 2012.
Warner Bros., the company’s movie unit, rode the success of box-office hits like “Gravity” and the latest “Hobbit” movie to a 7 percent rise in revenue in the quarter. The company said its films grossed more than $5 billion globally in 2013 for the first time.“We had another very successful year in 2013,” said Jeffrey L. Bewkes, the company’s chairman and chief executive, “with Turner, Home Box Office and Warner Bros. all posting record profits while also investing for future growth.”For the full year, Time Warner reported revenue of $29.8 billion, a 4 percent increase from 2012, and profits of $6.6 billion, up from $6.1 billion last year.
Time Warner is preparing to focus primarily on its film and television assets while moving forward with plans to spin off Time Inc., the magazine business that includes brands like Sports Illustrated and People. Time Inc. continues to lag the company’s other assets; its revenue was essentially flat in the fourth quarter, at $966 million compared with $967 million a year ago. Subscription revenue declined 6 percent while advertising revenue rose by 2 percent.The company will be spun off with debt of $1.3 billion, the company said on Wednesday in a conference call with investors.Time Inc. announced on Tuesday that it would begin layoffs as part of its efforts to consolidate and cut costs. A person with knowledge of the layoffs said about 500 people would be let go.Adjusted operating income excluding Time rose to $6.2 billion from $5.7 billion in 2012. Among the highlights, Mr. Bewkes said, was that Warner Bros. “delivered its best year on record by any measure. Theatrically, it led both the domestic and international box office, and its films received an industry-leading 21 Academy Award nominations — including Best Picture nominations for ‘Gravity’ and ‘Her.’ ”In television, Mr. Bewkes said, Warner Bros. delivered the hugely successful comedy “The Big Bang Theory” and the popular talent show “The Voice.”The company also said it was raising its quarterly dividend by 10 percent and authorizing $5 billion in stock buybacks for 2014. It said it expected another year of double-digit growth without Time Inc. The company’s shares closed up 1.1 percent Wednesday, The company also said it would eventually be moving all its businesses to a new building in the Hudson Yards, on the west side of Midtown Manhattan.
A version of this article appears in print on February 6, 2014, on Page B3 of the New York edition with the headline: Revenue Grows, but Profit Slides 12% at Time Warner. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe

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value: The New York Times (N.Y.T. or N.Y. Times) is an American daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership. Founded in 1851, the Times has since won 132 Pulitzer Prizes (the most of any newspaper), and has long been regarded within the industry as a national "newspaper of record".


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Book Review Podcast: E.L. Doctorow, Author of 'Homer & Langley' - NYTimes.com
September 11, 2009, 6:05 pm
Book Review Podcast: E.L. Doctorow, Author of ‘Homer & Langley’
This week: E. L. Doctorow, author of “Homer & Langley”; Leonard S. Marcus on Eden Ross Lipson’s “Applesauce Season”; Motoko Rich with notes from the field; and Jennifer Schuessler with best-seller news. Sam Tanenhaus, the editor of the Book Review, is the host.(Podcast Archive )
The Week in Culture Pictures, Sept. 11


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Christmas Trees in Skowhegan, Maine with Reviews & Ratings - YP.comFind People•Advertise With UsBrowseFind PeopleFeatured CollectionsRestaurantsAutomotiveHome ImprovementHealth & WellnessLegalAdvertise with usWhat do you want to find?Search by business name, or keywordnearWhere? Address, ZIP Code, or NeighborhoodMy current locationSearchWelcome mybookProfileReviewsPhotosSign OutSign In•JoinHomeSkowhegan, MEChristmas TreesSkowhegan Christmas TreesSort:Most RelevantMost RelevantDistanceRatingName (A - Z)FiltersFiltersMore NeighborhoodsDoneClear AllMore CategoriesChristmas TreesLandscaping & Lawn ServicesNurseries-Plants & TreesTree ServiceDoneClear AllCategoryChristmas TreesTree ServiceLandscaping & Lawn ServicesMore »FeaturesBook A TableCouponsOrder OnlineNeighborhoodsGo to List ViewSearch This AreaSponsored LinksAdd to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your shopping collection!Error when adding to shopping collectionThis business was removed from the shopping collectionInaccurate Result?1. Central Maine Wreath228 North AveSkowhegan, ME 04976(207) 474-8952Christmas TreesWebsiteDirectionsMore InfoRooms & Rates »Add to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your shopping collection!Error when adding to shopping collectionThis business was removed from the shopping collectionInaccurate Result?2. The Forest290 W Ridge RdCornville, ME 04976(207) 474-5814Christmas TreesDirectionsMore InfoRooms & Rates »Add to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your shopping collection!Error when adding to shopping collectionThis business was removed from the shopping collectionInaccurate Result?3. Holmes Tree Farm54 Crosby RdAlbion, ME 04910(207) 660-7275Christmas TreesDirectionsMore InfoRooms & Rates »Add to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your shopping collection!Error when adding to shopping collectionThis business was removed from the shopping collectionInaccurate Result?4. McClure's Tree Nursery(1)251 Salem RdKingfield, ME 04947(207) 265-4931Christmas TreesWebsiteDirectionsMore InfoRooms & Rates »Add to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your shopping collection!Error when adding to shopping collectionThis business was removed from the shopping collectionInaccurate Result?5. Moose Hill Farm159 Moose Hill RdFayette, ME 04349(207) 897-3093Christmas TreesWebsiteDirectionsMore InfoRooms & Rates »Add to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your shopping collection!Error when adding to shopping collectionThis business was removed from the shopping collectionInaccurate Result?6. Mystic Valley Farm1409 US Route 2 WWilton, ME 04294(207) 491-7903Christmas TreesDirectionsMore InfoRooms & Rates »Add to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your shopping collection!Error when adding to shopping collectionThis business was removed from the shopping collectionInaccurate Result?7. Toothaker's2722 Western AveNewburgh, ME 04444(207) 234-2131Christmas TreesDirectionsMore InfoRooms & Rates »Add to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your shopping collection!Error when adding to shopping collectionThis business was removed from the shopping collectionInaccurate Result?8. Piper Mountain Christmas Trees27 Trundy RdNewburgh, ME 04444(207) 234-4300Christmas TreesTree ServiceWebsiteDirectionsMore InfoRooms & Rates »Add to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your shopping collection!Error when adding to shopping collectionThis business was removed from the shopping collectionInaccurate Result?9. Halls Christmas Tree Farm816 Douty Hill RdSangerville, ME 04479(207) 564-3603Christmas TreesWebsiteDirectionsMore InfoRooms & Rates »Add to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your shopping collection!Error when adding to shopping collectionThis business was removed from the shopping collectionInaccurate Result?10. Nutkin Knoll Farm269 Chapman RdNewburgh, ME 04444(207) 234-7268Christmas TreesWebsiteDirectionsMore InfoRooms & Rates »Add to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your shopping collection!Error when adding to shopping collectionThis business was removed from the shopping collectionInaccurate Result?11. Wreaths of Maine2500 Winslows Mills RdWaldoboro, ME 04572(207) 832-5385Christmas TreesWebsiteDirectionsMore InfoRooms & Rates »Add to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your shopping collection!Error when adding to shopping collectionThis business was removed from the shopping collectionInaccurate Result?12. Evergreen Acres Tree Farm208 Back StNorth Monmouth, ME 04265(207) 212-0056Christmas TreesDirectionsMore InfoRooms & Rates »Add to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your shopping collection!Error when adding to shopping collectionThis business was removed from the shopping collectionInaccurate Result?13. Wonderland Christmas Trees419 Black RdCorinth, ME 04427(207) 884-7688Christmas TreesDirectionsMore InfoRooms & Rates »Add to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your shopping collection!Error when adding to shopping collectionThis business was removed from the shopping collectionInaccurate Result?14. Davis Stream Tree Farm263 Hopkins RdWashington, ME 04574(207) 845-2544Christmas TreesDirectionsMore InfoRooms & Rates »Add to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your shopping collection!Error when adding to shopping collectionThis business was removed from the shopping collectionInaccurate Result?15. North Parish Christmas Tree Farm231 N Parish RdTurner, ME 04282(207) 225-3382Christmas TreesDirectionsMore InfoRooms & Rates »Add to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your shopping collection!Error when adding to shopping collectionThis business was removed from the shopping collectionInaccurate Result?16. Kings Mountain Christmas Trees789 Center DrOrrington, ME 04474(207) 852-6699Christmas TreesDirectionsMore InfoRooms & Rates »Add to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your shopping collection!Error when adding to shopping collectionThis business was removed from the shopping collectionInaccurate Result?17. Finestkind Tree FarmsProducts112 Ames RdDover Foxcroft, ME 04426(207) 564-7500Christmas TreesTree ServiceWebsiteDirectionsMore InfoRooms & Rates »Add to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your shopping collection!Error when adding to shopping collectionThis business was removed from the shopping collectionInaccurate Result?18. Frederickson's Tree Farm(3)118 Prescott Hill RdMonmouth, ME 04259(207) 933-8000Christmas TreesDirectionsMore InfoRooms & Rates »Sponsored LinksShowing1-18
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Thoroughly Blessed: Camp 2015 - Owl's Head
We continued a long tradition of hiking Owl's Head Mountain. From where we start it's about a 2.25-mile hike to reach the top, with a lot of it being a fairly strenuous climb.
Well, at my age with a 35-lb weight on my back, anyway. :)
Apparently, I messed up the white balance on these pics.
We took a short rest at the ruins of the Observer's Cabin. The preceding mile had been a really rough climb for everyone, so they were thrilled to be able to sit down.
Still chipper after a short rest. Ready to tackle the last 1/2 mile. This cabin was used by the tower staff from 1929 until the tower was closed in 1970. In 1979, the cabin was purposely burned because it wasn't in keeping with the natural state of the forest.
The fire tower up top is still in climbable (is that a word?) shape and the kids scrambled up it like a bunch of squirrels, even Emma and Irene! A little info about the Adirondack Fire Towers: At one time, there were 69 towers in the Adirondack and Catskills Mountains. Today there are only 28. They were used until the last one closed down in 1990. In 1903 and 1908, there were 2 huge wildfires that consumes over 428,000 acres and 368,000 acres respectively. (Just for comparison, the Hayman Fire, the largest in Colorado's history, was 137,000 acres.) As a response, they built a wooden fire tower on Owl's Head in 1911. In 1919, this metal tower was built to replace the wooden tower. It was used continuously until 1970, when they removed the bottom steps to prevent access. (Not that that stopped us when we were kids...) In 2004, local groups got together and restored the tower, along with several other in the area with new stairs, paint, wood, and fencing.
(Info provided by Adirondack Journeys)
We're glad they put that sturdy wire fencing to keep people from slipping through the railing and tumbling down because Irene was adamant that she didn't need my help!
For other fire towers in the area, see this page.
Labels: 2015, Camp, Emma, Ezra, Gabe, Irene, Jeremy, Olivia, Owl's Head, Rebecca

value: Blogger is an American online content management system (CMS) which enables multi-user blogs with time-stamped entries. Pyra Labs developed it before being acquired by Google in 2003.


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citymousequilter: honest to pete...
honest to pete...
these little hexies DO work up pretty fast....have spent very little time yet here are almost 6 rosettes done. easy to see that a large quilt is pretty possible if one has large amounts of dedicated time to hand sew.
today more papers will get cut up; confess to pulling magazine cards in the store and tucking them into my purse...could have purchased them all die cut but am perfectly capable of doing my own and it does save the cash of course....and don't you love this photo? it's a favorite place, pemaquid point, taken by somebody else, already on the computer from someplace, looks like early fall at nearly dusk.....gorgeous!
and today's list? includes sewing down the little hearts that have been basted in their final configuration, more papers for hexies of course, maybe the "coral" block....and just might pull out the mod spools, get that marked and start quilting....be nice to have a finish of some sort. over at stashbusters, am again paying a FQ penalty for no finish this quarter...thankfully the stash can spare another easily....now off to spend another glorious day!
Posted by cityquilter grace at 6:07 AM
Janet O. October 17, 2015 at 2:38 PM
I can see that something is wrong with my hexie sewing technique. It takes me SO long and I get bored after a while because I make so little progress. If we ever meet up again, you need to demo your method for me!
That is a gorgeous shot. Love the golden glow of the autumn eve. Did get to that lighthouse. I need to look it up and see how far away we were.
Vic in NH October 17, 2015 at 10:27 PM
Such pretty rosettes and so fast, too! Killer frost is tonight here so I transplanted my pygmy marigolds to houseplant pots for cheer this winter.
Kathy ... aka Nana October 18, 2015 at 10:16 AM
Those rosettes are gorgeous. Do you have some secret for how quickly you can stitch them together? I love EPP but it really does take time. If there's a way to speed things up, I'd love it!
cityquilter grace October 18, 2015 at 12:41 PM
i just cut my fabric a bit larger, end up with seam allowance more than 1/4 but i don't care, makes it so much simpler and quicker...it works for me...
old man no more....
thursday's stars...


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la petite-presse: Trentham Gardens...
Posted by GaynorB at 14:17
Susan 21 December 2015 at 16:59
There is some great sculpture there. I love the otters and the fairies.
GaynorB 22 December 2015 at 09:15
There are quite a few of these sculptures dotted around. I love them too.
LaPré DelaForge 21 December 2015 at 22:29
Agree on the sculptures... and Susan's comments.
Also the piccy of the fun guy and his fan club!
GaynorB 22 December 2015 at 09:16
Kerry 22 December 2015 at 07:38
What a beautiful place and I love the wire sculptures, so intricate and delicate.
GaynorB 22 December 2015 at 09:18
Well worth £27.50 wort of Tesco vouchers for our joint annual tickets!
Colin and Elizabeth 22 December 2015 at 09:12
Looks great... Don't remember going there even when I lived in Congleton. Great photo of Tim.
GaynorB 22 December 2015 at 09:20
We need to plan a visit! The area has been redeveloped over the past 15 years, with still more to go. We could combine it with a trip to Wedgewood.
Colin and Elizabeth 23 December 2015 at 09:18
Sounds good, will talk to the BOSS...
GaynorB 23 December 2015 at 09:54
:0))) x
Craig 22 December 2015 at 10:46
Looks like a great place to visit. Loving the sculptures too.
GaynorB 23 December 2015 at 07:01
It's only about 15 minutes away from our home so quick and easy to get to.


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Goodbye BIAD | HomeMeeee
Goodbye BIAD	This day formally marked the finish of university life and I had the same stomach clench that I felt when I was at the end of school and the end of my undergrad too. But then, unlike those times, we had an interestingly different kind of day, walking past grafitti-ed on godowns and friends trying to “convert” me to the fashion religion called Vintage.
Tagged BIAD, last day, mascu feminine, quirky, vintage	Leave a Reply Cancel reply	Enter your comment here...

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The Diversion Project: Softest Time
Softest Time
I collected this place because I'm loving that rug in the living room. The 60's Splendour has concrete under carpet in the formal living area {I really need to find a new term for that room!}, and I'm itching to rip it up and see what shape the concrete is in. I even dream about it as I'm heading off to the land of nod at night. Bit weird huh.
Anyway, in these dreams, or visualisations, the concrete floor has a beautiful patchwork rug made up of the softest time worn kilims.
Oh, and the rest of this place is pretty cool too though right. How about that roof top terrace with even more pallet coolness.
How about "the lounge" ? Sounds like a place where secrets are shared over good wine... There's that wire pendant light agin - it's haunting me! I'm going to have to try and make one of those...
Yep, love it all - especially that 'outdoor room' or should I just say deck? I like Anee-Marie's suggestion of 'the lounge' - that's what we called our one and only 'living space' growing up - that was before my parents discovered open plan living!
Nice rug for sure, you will get yours. Love the deck and love the mattress on the ground, that's what I do, I think beds take up a lot of space and my sleeping area is small, glad to know I'm not alone in the world..


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Le Puedo Dar Sustagen A Mi Bebe | eBay Please enable JavaScript Our new search experience requires JavaScript to be enabled. Please enable JavaScript on your browser, then try again.
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Ordinary Oddballs: MAKE A WISH day 5
Thursday- we had a sleep in, stay on the beach all day and go nowhere kind of day!
Mike and the kids spent most of the day in the water- I am talking 7 hours!!! Their hands were shriveled :) Mike found some really neat shells, sand dollars, conch, starfish, and these weird looking things- anyone know what they are? In the latest part of the daylight, the sun was not that hot, so she took off her swim shirt- she'll probably kill me for putting up these pics, but isn't she beautiful?
Come get me Dad
Today, we ordered cheeseburgers from the restaurant waiter who walks along the beach, he brought them right out to us on our chairs- it was grrrreat! So, they swam out to the white buoys and all of a sudden Mike said, "Calli there is a huge bug on your shoulder, no! Another one up your neck!" Here there were tiny crabs all over the ropes, and they were were crawling all over the kids-
We stayed on the beach until the sun set-
tired from swimming all day!
It's time to go! No!
I don't want to smile :)
LOL_ only family picture we got all week
Mike made his evening coffee, we all got showers or bubble baths, we rented some movies, and ate PIZZA for dinner :) It was a very relaxing day!
ChristyDecember 12, 2011 at 7:13 PMOK I never wanted to go to the islands before but after seeing all your pictures I changed my mind. How beautiful! I also would have thought it would have been crowded but I see hardly any other people in your pictures! I am so glad you guys were able to have this opportunity especially since it has been so long since you have had a regular vacation.ReplyDeleteAdd commentLoad more...


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Vegetarian dining in meat-centric DC restaurants - The Washington Post
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(Marvin Joseph/ The Washington Post ) - At Mintwood Place in the Adams Morgan, chef Cedric Maupillier builds his vegetable napoleon, a dish he created on the fly when confronted with an unexpected request for a vegetarian meal.
By Tom Sietsema and Joe Yonan, Tom Sietsema and Joe Yonan
Mar 05, 2013 06:41 PM EST
We have just dropped a bombshell at the meat-centric Mintwood Place — we want a vegetarian meal — but the server doesn’t flinch. “Of course,” she says with a smile. “I’m vegetarian myself, so I totally know where you’re coming from.” She points out a few options on the menu, all of them appetizers except for the lone entree, a five-grain risotto topped with wood-grilled vegetables. When one of us mutters that it’s great but he’s had it before, she utters the words we were hoping to hear: “Would you like me to see if Chef wants to make you something special?”
We look at each other, look at the server and nod, a little sheepishly. As The Post’s food critic and Food editor, we resist special treatment at restaurants, but tonight is different. We’re on a mission, and Mintwood is just one part of the hunt. One of us (the editor) is a new vegetarian, the other (the critic) would like to eat less meat, and so the two of us have decided to ask some of our favorite chefs two questions: Could you hold the meat, please? And is having more vegetarian options too much to ask?
Hearty vegetarian recipes for meatless meals: These meatless dishes can be made into main courses for vegetable-based meals. Click on the title of the dish for the recipe.
We’re not alone in this pursuit. According to a 2012 poll by Harris Interactive for the Vegetarian Resource Group, 4 percent of Americans qualify as vegetarian, but 47 percent eat at least one vegetarian meal a week. And in a 2008 VRG poll, more than 55 percent of respondents said they order a vegetarian or vegan meal in a restaurant at least some of the time. That was enough to prompt the National Restaurant Association in 2010, after surveying chefs, to include vegetarian and vegan dining on its list of top trends.
Details: Vegetarian dining in meat-centric restaurants
None of which makes finding good vegetarian dishes in area restaurants a no-brainer. The lofty places are easy: CityZen and Volt and Komi are among dining rooms with ambitious vegetarian tasting menus. Rasika reveres vegetables, with more than a dozen possibilities. (One new favorite: the wild mushroom uttapam, a rice-and-lentil pancake with beet chutney at Rasika West End.) And on the cheaper side, you’ve got falafel, pizza, Ethiopian. But some of the buzziest spots — the ambitious places you could see yourself eating as a regular — seem to have few or no vegetarian possibilities on menus packed with meat.Or at least not among the entrees. The appetizer lineup is often a haven for vegetarians, and the small-plates trend erases many of the distinctions. But just try to find a meatless main course “secondi” at a traditional Italian place, and you’ll instead be steered toward a pasta or risotto or pizza. Not that there’s anything wrong with those, of course, but if you love vegetables you crave bites that elevate them, not overwhelm them with carbs and cheese. As much as we relish the first few spoonfuls of the decadent risotto at Bibiana Osteria Enoteca, for instance, it is so rich with Taleggio (seemingly equal parts cheese and rice) that we are tempted to ask for celery sticks or crackers to dip into it.
A vegan joins the game
Noodles and risotto are a fallback for a lot of kitchens simply because “they’re dry and they’re there,” says chef Bryan Voltaggio, who assures us that his pastas are made in house in all his restaurants, including the tony Volt in Frederick and the sprawling Range in Washington.

value: The Washington Post (also known as the Post and, informally, WaPo) is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C. It is the most-widely circulated newspaper within the Washington metropolitan area, and has a large national audience. Daily broadsheet editions are printed for D.C., Maryland, and Virginia.


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03/19/2014 11:59 EDT | Updated 05/19/2014 05:59 EDT
The Canadian dollar fell heavily for a second day, dropping to 88.88 cents US in late trading before closing at 88.93 US on remarks by Fed chair Janet Yellen and Bank of Canada governor Stephen Poloz.
The loonie tumbled 0.68 of a cent on Tuesday, closing at 89.79, after Poloz said interest rates may have to remain low to keep the Canadian economy growing. The dollar last closed above parity with the greenback in early February 2013. At mid-afternoon, it had recovered slightly to 89.58 US, but Yellen's hawkish comments on U.S. rates dimmed prospects for the loonie.
The Fed announced that it will further cut its monthly bond purchases by another $10 billion to $55 billion US.
Yellen gave a mixed assessment on the U.S. economy, which has shown significant strength in the past two months, despite the drag of a bitterly cold winter.
But in her press conference, Yellen explained that the Fed was dropping an unemployment rate of 6.5 per cent as a definitive marker for raising rates and would instead balance a range of factors, including inflation.
Markets interpreted this as a hawkish stance, believing she could raise rates by mid-2015.
On Wall Street, the Dow Jones industrial average fell 48.79 points or 0.3 percent, to 16,287.4, the S&P 500 lost 4.43 points or 0.24 percent, to 1,867.82 and the Nasdaq Composite dropped 11.02 points or 0.25 percent, to 4,322.293.
The TSX was down 34 points on the news and the dollar slid steeply to below 89 cents US.
The U.S. recovery has pulled money out of other markets around the world, including Canada’s and is partly responsible for the falling Canadian dollar.
In a question and answer session in the speech to bankers on Tuesday, Poloz said that a rate cut by the Bank of Canada could not be ruled out as a stimulus measure.
But a report from Royal Bank economists on the Canadian economy was more bullish. It predicted economic growth could hit 2.5 per cent this year and 2.7 per cent next year.
That's slightly stronger than the Bank of Canada's call for 2.5 per cent growth in both years.
But it said the loonie would continue to fall, predicting it will settle around the 87 cent US level this year and dip to 85 cents in 2015.
RBC chief economist Craig Wright said he believes Canadian exporters will begin to benefit from a lower loonie later this year, as the cheaper dollar makes Canadian goods more competitive.

value: HuffPost, formerly The Huffington Post until 2017 and sometimes abbreviated HuffPo, is an American news aggregator and blog, with localized and international editions. The site offers news, satire, blogs and original content, and covers politics, business, entertainment, environment, technology, popular media, lifestyle, culture, comedy, healthy living, women's interests and local news featuring columnists.


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The 10 Closest Vacation Rentals to Sauna Nautilus, Avelgem on TripAdvisor
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Oudenaardsesteenweg 392, Avelgem 8581, Belgium
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Bizarre Fables by Gary Bills, Heather E Geddes |, Paperback | Barnes & Noble® B&N Top 100 NY Times Bestsellers
by Gary Bills, Heather E GeddesGary Bills
True collaboration is often a strange business and in the case of the "Bizarre Fables", the collaboration was between husband and wife. Heather would draw and paint, while the plots developed organically. Gary and Heather shared their visions, day after day and night after night, while the owls hooted incessantly from nearby trees and barns.
The plots developed organically, naturally. From Heather came the idea of a gross man who would find himself pregnant, - the theme of "Bread for Toggle". Also from Heather came the initial idea of a powerful old woman whose soul was captured in a box - a box that was then bound tight with briar. She actually dreamed this, and her husband, Gary, who wrote all the fables, was inspired by her dream. This, of course, was the origin of "Grandma's Soul". There were other strange happenings surrounding the genesis of these tales. The story called "The Blossom Maker" was written in just two hours, as if the writer was taking dictation from a spirit.
9781984297914

value: Barnes & Noble Booksellers is an American bookseller. It is a Fortune 1000 company and the bookseller with the largest number of retail outlets in the United States.


text:
batman palace | Tumblr
batman palace
spoilerspersona spoilerspersona 5 spoilersp5 spoilersis that enough spoiler tagsprobablygiVE INTO TEMPTATIOOONNNNNNi like sae's palace a lot.........the casino is prettythe song is greati also like her batman villain costumethanks atlussaesae niijimashadow saeshadow selfpersonap5my art
XXXTENTACION Joker
xxxtentacionjokerdrawingartdigital artrap hip hopbatmansupremepalaceyeezybapevlonegosha rubchinskiyvetementsguccidiorraf simonsasap rockyasap fergtyler the creatortravis scottkanye west21 savagelil uzi vertlil yachtyplayboi cartifuturekendrick lamar
Requested by: @cupcakequeen1999
Batman follows enemy all the way to the Wakandan palace & he runs into T’Challa’s 4 yr. Old son (the reader) who’s a little sick with the flu & T’Challa walks in on them talking & thinking Batman’s an assassin goes all overprotective!daddy!panther! On him & the son who’s all innocent is like “Daddy, it’s okay” & Bats finally gets why T is so protective of his baby boy after he sees him put his son back to bed?
“Alfred, you’re going to have to cancel dinner for tonight. I’m gonna be home late,” Batman said though the speaker of the batplane.
“Might I ask why, sir?” Alfred asked on the other end of the line.
“The Joker escaped from Arkham again and seems to have headed towards Wakanda,” Batman said in an unwavering tone.
“Will you be telling the King of the current situation?” Alfred asked.
“I don’t have time to do that,” Batman replied. “I’ll have to inform him later.”
“Good luck, sir,” Alfred responded before ending the call.
t'challa x readert'challablack panthert'challa imagineblack panther imaginet'challa fanficblack panther fanficbatmanbruce waynemarvel reader insertmarvel imaginemarvel fanfictionmarvel ficblack panther x readermarvelmarvel x reader
Batman hosts a variety show, Oct. 8, 1966.
Batman '66BatmanAdam WestGeorge CarlinRay CharlesHollywood PalaceRoy RogersDale EvansJoey Heatherton
ian connorjokerthe jokerbatmanthe dark knightvillainking of the youthstreetstreetwearurbanstylestylistfashionsupremestussybapea bathing apepalaceskateboardsskatecomme des garconsy-3yohji yamamotoadidasnikeacne studiosalexander wangbalmaingivenchymaison margiela

value: Tumblr (stylized as tumblr and pronounced "tumbler") is an American microblogging and social networking website founded by David Karp in 2007 and currently owned by Automattic. The service allows users to post multimedia and other content to a short-form blog.


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.:_Cosmic Fairy_:.
magnanomy
As you can probably see, this is my art and icon journal, but it's mainly for icons. You may take any icon any long as you comment and tell me which ones you took, and I ask that you credit me in the keywords. THIS IS NOT AN OPTION. Other than that, enjoy.
I wanted a rather simple layout, and I found this lovely image of a fairy online. I like the color blue and astronomy, so this is a good combination that expresses me. The texture are astronomical images.
I like the header, but the rest of the layout is too colorful and messy.
Best viewed in 1024x768 and Mozilla, but compatible with IE and Mozilla Firefox.
I love colors, colors, and colors. Have I mentioned color? Generally, I like saturated and bright colors. I also like animations. So my icons are either bright in colors, or animated in some way. I'm not particularly a big fan of brushes and textures. When I do use textures, I like to use astronomical images. icon awards
[x] My RP journal
[x] My personal journal
Both are at GJ
PSP8 and AS3. Rarely PS7.
Original image: [x]
Original artist: Ignatieva Anna
Resources: cdg_brushes
Coding: help provided by everything_lj
and __ask
Please DO NOT direct link these buttons!
Common fontsI use
Aquiline2
FanlistingsI own
[SundayJune 18, 20061:40am]
master batch for iconfiend100series: Haibane Renmei( haibane renmeiCollapse )
{5} Read + Post +
LoTR abc's
[SundayJanuary 29, 200610:25pm]
Ongoing project for abc_challenge at GJ.( Read more...Collapse )
{3} Read + Post +
[SundayJanuary 29, 200611:40am]
The following is the incomplete batch of new icons that I am still working on. I am posting these earlier in case I forget them in the future.( Read more...Collapse )
+ Post +
icon update after long hiatus
[TuesdaySeptember 6, 200510:46pm]
Rules:1. Comment and credit in keywords please. Please be specific about which ones you are taking if you are taking 1 or 2.2. NO DIRECT LINKING!3. Textless are not bases. Do not customize without asking.4. Enjoy!teasers: ( 70+ iconsCollapse )
{25} Read + Post +
animated bases
[MondaySeptember 5, 20058:18pm]
Animated bases for icon makers. Alright these are not the best bases in the world, but I hope they will be of some use for some people. Please DO NOT customize without letting me know first.teaser: ( click for the restCollapse )
{17} Read + Post +
[WednesdayMay 11, 20058:44pm]
Tutorial for this icon. Tutorial written with PSP8 and AS3.( Read more...Collapse )Edit: auctiongripes.com is down, so I have lost all of my tutorial images.
icons and first j-pop
[MondayApril 18, 200511:16pm]
New update! Please COMMENT, CREDIT IN KEYWORDS, AND NO DIRECT LINKING. Textless icons are not bases, so do not alter.teasers: ( Read more...Collapse )
{20} Read + Post +
Hellsing and others
[WednesdayMarch 30, 200512:53pm]
This set is mainly of Hellsing. Please comment, no direct linking, and credit in keywords if you take. And no alterations until you have my permission.teasers: ( Read more...Collapse )
{36} Read + Post +
[WednesdayMarch 23, 20058:26pm]
This is a tutorial for this icon. I posted this to icon_tutorial a while ago. But in case someone hasn't seen this yet, here it is again.You will need PSP8 and AS3. I have PS, too. So if you are having problems in PS, I will see what I can do to help. ( on to the tutorialCollapse )Edit: auctiongripes.com is down, so I have lost all of my tutorial images.
[MondayMarch 7, 20055:10pm]
Made a few more icons when I'm supposed to be studying, and I don't even like most of them.Please comment, no direct linking, and credit in keywords if you take. And no alterations until you have my permission. Please follow my simple rules so that I don't have to make my icon journal friends only.teasers: ( icons! yayCollapse )
{41} Read + Post +

value: LiveJournal (Russian: Живой Журнал), stylised as LiVEJOURNAL, is a Russian-owned social networking service where users can keep a blog, journal, or diary.American programmer Brad Fitzpatrick started LiveJournal on April 15, 1999, as a way of keeping his high school friends updated on his activities. In January 2005, American blogging software company Six Apart purchased Danga Interactive, the company that operated LiveJournal, from Fitzpatrick.


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Clash: Faith vs. Science ~ VIP Pass™ to the ℭpirit World - DISCLOSURE, SPIRITUAL REVEALS, FUTURE DISCOVERIES, PHENOMENA.
Topics: Atheism, Creationism, Evidence, Science, Theism
THIS POST WILL EXPLAIN AND REVEAL THE REASON FOR THE CLASH BETWEEN FAITH AND SCIENCE TO THE WORLD.
As the scientific community celebrates 207 years since the birth of Charles Darwin in 2016, and 150 years since the publication of his famous work that explained how life evolved on Earth, the conflict between religion and science seems to be escalating. But will there ever be peace between the two ideologies? Or were they set to be forever incompatible? Is the reason God cannot be mentioned or alluded to in peer-review scientific papers, hidden in the minds of the people? - PREVIEW - CLASH: Faith vs. Science Why isn't GOD included in Scientific Journals, even after the evidence surfaces? An age-old question of Faith vs. Science will be answered.
— Supernatural Spirit (@spiritworldblog) March 22, 2016
“Do I believe in God?” No, the question should be: "Could I believe in God?"
Could: used to indicate possibility "It's the real reason GOD isn't (or cannot be) included in Scientific Journals."
Scientific Journals are multidimensional Open Access gateways for the exploration of scientific discoveries and new research in the medical and other Scientifics. These journals are periodical publications intended to communicate with the scientific community to further the progress of mankind. Scientific Journals represent the collaborative efforts of many scientists and scholars from various disciplines.
"It is also the reason behind the backlash of 'creationist' articles published in Scientific Journals."
(PLOS ONE) Scientific paper which says the human hand was designed by a creator sparks controversy among the scientific community. IT was a misunderstanding. Nevertheless, the scientific community hated what they read - or what it implied; The Human Hand has evidence to indicate a Creator behind its design.
This is pretty amazing, I've lost 'faith' in PLOS One. - Dr. Hazel Parry PLOS One paper credits God for the design of the human hand, slipped past peer review; mayhem ensues. - Dan Falk Shame on you PLoS. What a joke as peer reviewed science. - Craig Stanford Science and faith: the conflict - source
REAL EVIDENCE: Brain-scanning experiments carried out by scientists last week revealed that religious faith is embedded deep within key parts of the brain.
CONJECTURE: This suggests that belief in a higher power evolved at some early point in human history.
It often is assumed that belief in God, or lack thereof, is based upon intellectual reasoning . . . But as scientists begin unlocking the secrets to our universe their intellectual reasoning may be put to an ultimate test; COULD THEIR MINDS ALLOW GOD?
Those who criticize Christianity in particular and people of faith in general (including Jews) say that their alternative (God) is science. Their claim is that faith is refuted by their science, reason and objectivity and that only a personal, subjective faith is left for those who cannot stand in the boxing ring with them and hold their own.
"The reasons why atheists don't believe may be more complicated than you think." - source
AN INVISIBLE MAN IN THE SKY? IT'S JUST TOO UNBELIEVABLE TO BE TRUE. If Scientists ever relinquish their (coveted) evolutionary theory then there will be hope for God to be included in Scientific Journals. However, that's highly unlikely. Hence, the conflict between Creationism and Evolution will continue.
And This: Religious beliefs and behaviors are changing. According to the most recent Pew Research Center Religious Landscape Study (link is external), the number of Americans who aren’t affiliated with any religion has grown substantially over the past 7 years, rising from 16% to nearly 23% of the population. Some of these individuals are disconnected from organized religion, while others are atheistic or agnostic.
"(Just) Have faith in God," Jesus answered - Mark 11:22
And Finally, This: God repeatedly instructs His people to have Faith in Him. Question: Why does God require faith? Why doesn't God "prove" Himself to us so there is no need for Faith? [source] Answer: First and foremost, God can prove himself to individuals if they seek him.
Now for the question, why we need to have Faith? We need to have FAITH because (whatever it is) it's too complex for our human minds to grasp.
GOD is a creator of all things, and all His work is intertwined, AND if we knew its full-design we would be beyond amazed.
Here's a taste 'dealing with the human hand' in response to PLOS One.
A Beautiful Mind: Brain Injury Turns Man Into Math Genius - WATCH VIDEO -
@0:55 - And when it moves, each little motion is attached to a grid structure. WE MOVE THROUGH SPACETIME - Watch Video
In spacetime, a coordinate grid that spans the 3+1 dimensions locates events (rather than just points in space), i.e., time is added as another dimension to the coordinate grid
"With Padgett's new vision came an astounding mathematical drawing ability. He started sketching circles made of overlapping triangles, which helped him understand the concept of pi, the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. There's no such thing as a perfect circle, he said, which he knows because he can always see the edges of a polygon that approximates the circle."
THIS WAS A SNEAK PREVIEW OF THE "FAITH VS. SCIENCE" REVEAL. TO ACCESS THE FULL CONTENT AND DISCLOSURE PLEASE LOGIN TO YOUR SPIRIT WORLD UNIVERSE ACCOUNT.
ACCESS: Clash - Faith vs. Science
(2016) Clash: Faith vs. Science Keywords: Intelligent Design and Science Proper Design by a Creator, Scientific Community, Conflict Between Science and Faith Explained, Revealed, Why Is Creationism Not In Scientific Papers? GOD vs. Science, Religion Please enable JavaScript to view the comments powered by Disqus.


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Chevrolet For Sale in Columbus, OH price less than $25000
This 2011 Chevrolet Traverse is a great choice for families! This SUV, with 19 MPG, will get you and your family wherever you need to go safely and stylishly and at $20,143 it won't break the bank. Price Reduced
This 2011 Chevrolet Traverse is a great choice for families! This SUV, with 19 MPG, will get you and your family wherever you need to go safely and stylishly and at $22,798 it won't break the bank. 20
Don't Overpay For A Used Car Just Say - SHOW ME THE CARFAX Powered by Have a VIN? Go >> Take AOL Autos With You Introducing our New iPhone App. View the App Follow Us Newsletter Facebook Twitter RSS Chevy Automobiles Get detailed information on 1999-2015 Chevy models before you buy. View exterior and interior photos, get specs, explore available options, read reviews and get prices for new and used Chevys. Chevy Information Used Chevy Values Chevy News Chevy Recalls Chevy Videos Chevy Dealers New Chevy Rebates and Incentives Chevy Vehicles Convertibles Coupes Crossovers Diesels Hatchbacks Hybrids Minivans Sedans SUVs Trucks Vans Wagons Local Chevrolet Dealers Dealerships in Denmark, SC Zeigler Chevrolet6.1 Miles Bilton Chevrolet GMC32.7 Miles Master Chevrolet Cadillac40.1 Miles Love Chevrolet Co45.6 Miles More Dealerships Near You » AOL Autos Send Feedback Search car listings to find Chevrolet for sale at Columbus OH auto dealers priced $20,001-25,000. Home Site Map About Us Editorial Team Article Archive Mobile Site Updated Privacy Policy Updated Terms of Service About Our Ads Trademarks Download AOL Help AOL A-Z © 2014 AOL Inc. All Rights Reserved.

value: AOL (stylized as Aol., formerly a company known as AOL Inc. and originally known as America Online) is an American web portal and online service provider based in New York City.


text:
This Day in Tech: Street View grabbed location data from millions - CNET
This Day in Tech: Street View grabbed location data from millions
Too busy to keep up with the tech news? Here are some of the more interesting stories from CNET for Monday, July 25.
26 July 2011 2:29 am BST
Some locations that Google associated with Wi-Fi devices spotted in a San Francisco coffee shop.
 Here's the scoop today: Google's Street View collected the locations of millions of laptops, cell phones, and other Wi-Fi devices. CNET's Declan McCullagh reports: "The French data protection authority, known as the Commission Nationale de l'Informatique et des Libertés, recently contacted CNET and said its investigation confirmed that Street View cars collected these unique hardware IDs."
 As RIM prepares to lay off 2,000 employees, CNET takes a look at how management got in the way of the phone maker's ability to respond to new trends in consumer preferences.
 Quid pros land $10 million in funding. The company that analyzes open information to help companies and governments make better decisions secures $10 million in series C funding from some Silicon Valley heavyweights.
 Anonymous hacker group has a new target: the Norway massacre suspect.
 Private videos were exposed on Facebook, after a bug made titles, thumbnails, and descriptions of videos available to everyone in a person's network. If users had videos only available to select friends, the glitch would have made the thumbnails available to all their friends. File this under...embarrassing.
 Netflix doesn't like upsetting customers but isn't that worried about cancellations. Why? The change in price structure could help the company generate $1 billion in revenue for the first time.
 Amazon, Barnes & Noble, and Canada-based Kobo changed the Kindle app at Apple's request. The companies removed links to their online e-bookstores from their iOS apps.
 LG Electronics' Thrill 4G enters the 3D phone market, but it's still unclear if we even want to see 3D on our phones. On the upside, at least you don't have to wear glasses to see the 3D effect.
Tech Industry Amazon BlackBerry Google Netflix
Discuss: This Day in Tech: Street View grabbed location data from millions

value: CNET (short for "Computer Network") is an American media website that publishes reviews, news, articles, blogs, podcasts, and videos on technology and consumer electronics globally, owned by Red Ventures since 2020. Founded in 1994 by Halsey Minor and Shelby Bonnie, it was the flagship brand of CNET Networks and became a brand of CBS Interactive through that unit's acquisition of CNET Networks in 2008, which was the previous owner prior to October 30, 2020.


text: as shopping reminders of the especial -- epidemic in cities. this unspeakable tragedy is affected by countless tragedys that take place in our streets that pass too often unnoticed and that too frequently decimate the lives of our most vulnerable sit zernings our children. every loss is shearting. and inexplicable, yet each one is an outrage. this is why it has affected citizen, hard broken parents and advocates that we are sworn to protect. it's time for each of us to steal our reserve and renew our commitment to respond to this senseless violence with renewed individual lens. we are determined to work with organizations like this one to build a bipartisan consensus for taking decisive action to end begun violence. and we will not rest until we've done everything in our power to prevent future tragedies like the one that took place at sandy hook elementary school. now, of course, there will never be a simple, one size fits all solution for addressing any challenge of this magnitude and confronting all of its underlying causes but we must not allow the size or the complexity of this problem to Search Results 0 to 14 of about 15 (some duplicates have been removed)

value: An archive is an accumulation of historical records – in any media – or the physical facility in which they are located. Archives contain primary source documents that have accumulated over the course of an individual or organization's lifetime, and are kept to show the function of that person or organization.


text:
Why 20 Minutes MatterWe recognize how tough it can be to squeeze… – The Hot Tub Lady
Why 20 Minutes MatterWe recognize how tough it can be to squeeze…
February 16, 2017 The Hot Tub Lady
As Dr. Stiskal puts it, “the body gains the maximum benefit of warm water therapy within 20 minutes.“ Dr. Becker has conducted many studies, all focusing on immersion of 20 – 24 minutes with a temperature range of 94°– 102°.
2. Immersion in water makes the respiratory muscles work harder by 60%,strengthening and building endurance in the muscles associated with breathing.
The physical effects of warm water immersion are still being studied, but here’s what we do know: A 20 minute relaxation session works best for me, and according to Dr. Stiskal and Dr. Becker, I’m not the only one. If you would like to learn more, here is a video of one of Dr. Becker’s talks, and all of our resources are listed below.
What benefits or improvements have you noticed after 20 minutes in your Caldera spa? Share them in the comments, we‘d love to hear about them.
http://bit.ly/2lPz4q5
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turtlepark on June 16th, 2009 06:12 pm (UTC)
(Reply) (Parent) (Thread) (Expand) (Link) (no subject) - pyon_chan_desu on June 18th, 2009 06:02 pm (UTC) (Expand) (no subject) - turtlepark on June 18th, 2009 06:04 pm (UTC) (Expand) (no subject) - pyon_chan_desu on June 18th, 2009 06:06 pm (UTC) (Expand) (no subject) - turtlepark on June 18th, 2009 06:20 pm (UTC) (Expand) (no subject) - pyon_chan_desu on June 18th, 2009 06:26 pm (UTC) (Expand) (no subject) - turtlepark on June 18th, 2009 06:29 pm (UTC) (Expand) (no subject) - pyon_chan_desu on June 18th, 2009 06:31 pm (UTC) (Expand) (no subject) - turtlepark on June 18th, 2009 06:36 pm (UTC) (Expand) (no subject) - pyon_chan_desu on June 18th, 2009 06:38 pm (UTC) (Expand) (no subject) - turtlepark on June 18th, 2009 06:42 pm (UTC) (Expand) (no subject) - pyon_chan_desu on June 18th, 2009 06:46 pm (UTC) (Expand) (no subject) - turtlepark on June 18th, 2009 06:49 pm (UTC) (Expand) (no subject) - pyon_chan_desu on June 18th, 2009 06:50 pm (UTC) (Expand) (no subject) - turtlepark on June 18th, 2009 06:55 pm (UTC) (Expand) (no subject) - pyon_chan_desu on June 18th, 2009 07:00 pm (UTC) (Expand) (no subject) - turtlepark on June 18th, 2009 07:36 pm (UTC) (Expand) ( Read 365 comments — Leave Mir Here ♥ )


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The Habs have lost that lovin’ feeling…and their scoring touch | topshelfwithbk
Tags: Carey Price, Guy Carbonneau, Habs, Jaroslav Halak, Michel Bergeron, Montreal Canadiens, RDS, St. Louis Blues, TVA Sports
So that’s eight straight games that the Habs have not scored in the first period. Bizarre. We were talking about that at the sleeper of a game Tuesday night at the Bell Centre – how is it that the Habs show up for a game and look totally and utterly unprepared to face the opposing team?
At least Tuesday there was a bit of a party in the loge and the Canadiens managed to pull-out a win after waking up in the third period. They weren’t so lucky tonight. They never woke up and were seriously out-classed by a much better St. Louis Blues squad. Result? 5-1 for the Blues.
This one has to just drive Carey Price nuts. His team can’t score and the D-men mostly let the Blues have their way in the Habs zone. So through no fault of his, Pricer once again came up short against his arch-nemesis Jaroslav Halak.
One last thing. So is Michel Bergeron already permanently gone from L’Antichambre? There was Carbo in Bergie’s seat tonight. Wow. They don’t lose any time. If you missed the news, Le Tigre is off to join TVA Sports, a move that is quite the P.R. blow to RDS and another boost for TVA Sports, which now has a big chunk of Habs regular-season games and all of the NHL playoff games.
RDS nabs rights to 60 Habs games per season through to 2026


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US6434672B1 - Methods and apparatus for improving system performance with a shared cache memory - Google Patents
Methods and apparatus for improving system performance with a shared cache memory Download PDF
US6434672B1
US6434672B1 US09/515,727 US51572700A US6434672B1 US 6434672 B1 US6434672 B1 US 6434672B1 US 51572700 A US51572700 A US 51572700A US 6434672 B1 US6434672 B1 US 6434672B1
US09/515,727
2000-02-29 Priority to US09/515,727 priority Critical patent/US6434672B1/en
2000-07-12 Assigned to HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY reassignment HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GAITHER, BLAINE D.
2002-08-13 Publication of US6434672B1 publication Critical patent/US6434672B1/en
at least two first level cache memories logically connected to a bus;
a shared cache memory external to the at least two first level cache memories and the at least two processors logically connected to the bus in parallel with the first level caches, such that the shared cache memory is a peer on the bus to the at least two first level cache memories; and
a main memory external to the shared cache memory logically connected to the bus in parallel with the shared cache memory;
wherein the shared cache monitors the bus for data, and performs one of the following signals that the line should be stored as modified.
wherein the at least two first level cache memories are cache memories dedicated to a respective processor.
3. In a system having at least one bus agent for initiating a request for a line of data from the system's memory, wherein the bus agent has an associated cache memory, a method for accessing the system's memory, comprising:
initiating a request on a bus for a line of data;
determining whether the line of data is stored in a fist level of cache memories logically connected to the bus, and if it is not;
determining whether the line of data is stored in a shared cache logically connected to the bus in parallel with the first level of cache memories, and if not;
accessing the line of data from the system's main memory and placing the line of data on the bus;
if the request is not for exclusive possession of the line, writing the line of data into the shared cache and marking it as shared; and
writing the line of data into a requesting processor's dedicated cache memory and marking it as shared.
if the line of data is not stored in the shared cache and the request is not for exclusive possession of the line of data, providing the line of data to the cache associated with the requesting agent and marking it as shared.
if the line of data is not in the shared cache and the request is for exclusive possession of the line of data, providing the line of data to the cache associated with the requesting agent and marking it as dirty.
if the line of data is in the shared cache, providing the line of data to the cache memory associated with the bus agent that initiated the request for the line of data and marking the line of data as shared in both the shared cache and the cache memory associated with the bus agent, unless the request was for exclusive possession of the line of data, in which case invalidating the line of data in the shared cache.
if the requested line of data is stored in the first level of cache and marked as dirty, providing the line of data to the cache associated with the requesting agent and invalidating the line of data in the first level of cache.
if the requested line of data is stored in the first level of cache and marked as dirty, providing the line of data to the cache associated with the requesting agent and marking the line of data as shared in both the first level of cache and the cache associated with the requesting agent.
if the requested line of data is stored in the first level of cache and not marked as dirty, and if the line of data is not in the shared cache and the request is not for exclusive possession of the line, writing the line of data into the shared cache and marking it as shared.
if the requested line of data is stored in the first level of cache and not marked as dirty, and if the line of data is not in the shared cache and the request is for exclusive possession of the line;
providing the line of data to the cache associated with the requesting agent and marking it as dirty; and
invalidating the line in the shared cache.
if the line of data is in the shared cache, signaling to the requesting agent that the line of data is dirty and providing the line of data to the requesting agent.
12. The system of claim 2, wherein the at least two processors and the shared cache act as symmetric agents on the bus and the main memory acts as a priority agent.
US09/515,727 2000-02-29 2000-02-29 Methods and apparatus for improving system performance with a shared cache memory Expired - Fee Related US6434672B1 (en)
US09/515,727 US6434672B1 (en) 2000-02-29 2000-02-29 Methods and apparatus for improving system performance with a shared cache memory
JP2001053874A JP2001256110A (en) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Method and device for improving system performance by using shared cache memory
US6434672B1 true US6434672B1 (en) 2002-08-13
ID=24052493
US09/515,727 Expired - Fee Related US6434672B1 (en) 2000-02-29 2000-02-29 Methods and apparatus for improving system performance with a shared cache memory
US (1) US6434672B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2001256110A (en)
US20130111138A1 (en) * 2010-06-25 2013-05-02 Fujitsu Limited Multi-core processor system, computer product, and control method
2000-02-29 US US09/515,727 patent/US6434672B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
2001-02-28 JP JP2001053874A patent/JP2001256110A/en active Pending
Intel, Memory Cache Control, Chapter 11, pp. 1-28.
US9098414B2 (en) * 2010-06-25 2015-08-04 Fujitsu Limited Multi-core processor system, computer product, and control method
JP2001256110A (en) 2001-09-21
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:GAITHER, BLAINE D.;REEL/FRAME:010963/0969

value: Google Patents is a search engine from Google that indexes patents and patent applications.