text:
(Redirected from Retail trade)
Retail markets have existed since ancient times. Archaeological evidence for trade, probably involving barter systems, dates back more than 10,000 years. As civilizations grew, barter was replaced with retail trade involving coinage. Selling and buying is thought to have emerged in Asia Minor (modern Turkey) in around the 7th millennium BCE.[5] Gharipour points to evidence of primitive shops and trade centres in Sialk Hills in Kashan (6000 BCE), Catalk Huyuk in modern-day Turkey (7,500–5,700 BCE), Jericho (2600 BCE) and Susa (4000 BCE).[6] Open air, public markets were known in ancient Babylonia, Assyria, Phoenicia and Egypt. These markets typically occupied a place in the town's centre. Surrounding the market, skilled artisans, such as metal-workers and leather workers, occupied permanent premises in alleys that led to the open market-place. These artisans may have sold wares directly from their premises, but also prepared goods for sale on market days.[7] In ancient Greece markets operated within the agora, an open space where, on market days, goods were displayed on mats or temporary stalls.[8] In ancient Rome, trade took place in the forum.[9] Rome had two forums; the Forum Romanum and Trajan's Forum. The latter was a vast expanse, comprising multiple buildings with shops on four levels.[10] The Roman forum was arguably the earliest example of a permanent retail shop-front.[11] In antiquity, exchange involved direct selling via merchants or peddlers and bartering systems were commonplace.[12]
The rise of retailing and marketing in England and Europe has been extensively studied, but less is known about developments elsewhere.[19] Nevertheless, recent research suggests that China exhibited a rich history of early retail systems.[20] From as early as 200 BCE, Chinese packaging and branding was used to signal family, place names and product quality, and the use of government imposed product branding was used between 600 and 900 CE.[21] Eckhart and Bengtsson have argued that during the Song Dynasty (960–1127), Chinese society developed a consumerist culture, where a high level of consumption was attainable for a wide variety of ordinary consumers rather than just the elite.[22] The rise of a consumer culture led to the commercial investment in carefully managed company image, retail signage, symbolic brands, trademark protection and sophisticated brand concepts.[23]
Luca Clerici has made a detailed study of Vicenza’s food market during the sixteenth century. He found that there were many different types of reseller operating out of the markets. For example, in the dairy trade, cheese and butter was sold by the members of two craft guilds (i.e., cheesemongers who were shopkeepers) and that of the so-called ‘resellers’ (hucksters selling a wide range of foodstuffs), and by other sellers who were not enrolled in any guild. Cheesemongers’ shops were situated at the town hall and were very lucrative. Resellers and direct sellers increased the number of sellers, thus increasing competition, to the benefit of consumers. Direct sellers, who brought produce from the surrounding countryside, sold their wares through the central market place and priced their goods at considerably lower rates than cheesemongers.[40]
The architect, Bertrand Lemoine, described the period, 1786 to 1935, as l’Ère des passages couverts (the Arcade Era).[49] In the European capitals, shopping arcades spread across the continent, reaching their heyday in the early 19th century: the Palais Royal in Paris (opened in 1784); Passage de Feydeau in Paris (opened in 1791) and Passage du Claire in 1799.[29] London's Piccadilly Arcade (opened in 1810); Paris's Passage Colbert (1826) and Milan's Galleria Vittorio Emanuele (1878).[50] Designed to attract the genteel middle class, arcade retailers sold luxury goods at relatively high prices. However, prices were never a deterrent, as these new arcades came to be the place to shop and to be seen. Arcades offered shoppers the promise of an enclosed space away from the chaos that characterised the noisy, dirty streets; a warm, dry space away from the elements, and a safe-haven where people could socialise and spend their leisure time. As thousands of glass covered arcades spread across Europe, they became grander and more ornately decorated. By the mid nineteenth century, they had become prominent centres of fashion and social life. Promenading in these arcades became a popular nineteenth century pass-time for the emerging middle classes. The Illustrated Guide to Paris of 1852 summarized the appeal of arcades in the following description:
The Palais-Royal, which opened to Parisians in 1784 and became one of the most important marketplaces in Paris, is generally regarded as the earliest example in the grand shopping arcades.[52] The Palais-Royal was a complex of gardens, shops and entertainment venues situated on the external perimeter of the grounds, under the original colonnades. The area boasted some 145 boutiques, cafés, salons, hair salons, bookshops, museums, and numerous refreshment kiosks as well as two theatres. The retail outlets specialised in luxury goods such as fine jewellery, furs, paintings and furniture designed to appeal to the wealthy elite. Retailers operating out of the Palais complex were among the first in Europe to abandon the system of bartering, and adopt fixed-prices thereby sparing their clientele the hassle of bartering. Stores were fitted with long glass exterior windows which allowed the emerging middle-classes to window shop and indulge in fantasies, even when they may not have been able to afford the high retail prices. Thus, the Palais-Royal became one of the first examples of a new style of shopping arcade, frequented by both the aristocracy and the middle classes. It developed a reputation as being a site of sophisticated conversation, revolving around the salons, cafés, and bookshops, but also became a place frequented by off-duty soldiers and was a favourite haunt of prostitutes, many of whom rented apartments in the building.[53] London's Burlington Arcade, which opened in 1819, positioned itself as an elegant and exclusive venue from the outset.[54] Other notable nineteenth century grand arcades include the Galeries Royales Saint-Hubert in Brussels which was inaugurated in 1847, Istanbul's Çiçek Pasajı opened in 1870 and Milan's Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II first opened in 1877. Shopping arcades were the precursor to the modern shopping mall.
In the 1980s, the customary sales concept in the retail industry gradually showed many disadvantages.Many transactions cost too much, the enterprise can not retain customers, only pay attention to the process of a single transaction, do not pay attention to the marketing of customer development and maintenance, which leads to each transaction need to spend marketing costs to develop new customers, but can not retain customers.The traditional marketing theory holds that the marketing process is a one-time value exchange process with the transaction as the means and exchange of goods needed by both parties as the ultimate purpose.This view holds that when the transaction is completed, the relationship between the two parties will also end, so it is called "transactive-oriented marketing concept", which realizes the transaction of products or services between the two parties through the identification of target clients.This transaction-oriented marketing concept generally follows the development process of finding target consumers, negotiating, trading and ending relationships to complete the transaction.This traditional transaction process is a one-time transaction in which both parties aim to maximize their own interests.This kind of transactional marketing concept will bring about follow-up problems such as poor after-sales service quality and lack of feedback channels for both parties.In addition, because it needs to redevelop client relationship for each transaction, it causes a high total transaction cost, which promotes the gradual development of the concept of establishing long term cooperative relationship with customers.That is to say, enterprises begin to pay attention to establishing long term good relations with clients, and focus on the core from transaction to relationship.[79] Although for retail enterprises, expand the sales market and attract new customers is very important, but also should pay attention to retail enterprises to establish and maintain long term good relationship with old customer is also very important, relationship marketing in order to improve the relationship with the customers as the core, which is beneficial to enterprises in the current competitive retail market for the competitiveness of the steady, also is retail enterprise development direction in the future. Once the strategic plan is in place, retail managers turn to the more managerial aspects of planning. A retail mix is devised for the purpose of coordinating day-to-day tactical decisions. The retail marketing mix typically consists of six broad decision layers including product decisions, place decisions, promotion, price, personnel and presentation (also known as physical evidence). The retail mix is loosely based on the marketing mix, but has been expanded and modified in line with the unique needs of the retail context. A number of scholars have argued for an expanded marketing, mix with the inclusion of two new Ps, namely, Personnel and Presentation since these contribute to the customer's unique retail experience and are the principal basis for retail differentiation. Yet other scholars argue that the Retail Format (i.e. retail formula) should be included.[80] The modified retail marketing mix that is most commonly cited in text-books is often called the 6 Ps of retailing (see diagram at right).[81][82]
For a retailer, finding the right balance between breadth and depth can be a key to success. An average supermarket might carry 30,000–60,000 different product lines (product length or assortment), but might carry up to 100 different types of toothpaste (product depth).[84] Speciality retailers typically carry fewer product lines, perhaps as few as 20 lines, but will normally stock greater depth. Costco, for example, carries 5,000 different lines while Aldi carries just 1,400 lines per store.[85]
Perspective of large retail enterprises of supply chain relationship marketing is based on the theory of supply chain management in large retail enterprises of supply chain in the application of relationship marketing, it emphasizes that the suppliers, large-scale retail enterprises, customers form a chain of large retail enterprises and suppliers to form cooperative marketing, establish mutually beneficial long term good relationship with customers.Relationship marketing of huge retail enterprises from the perspective of supply chain mainly includes two relationship markets, supplier relationship and customer relationship market.Because the two stakeholders that have the greatest influence on the profits of retail enterprises are suppliers and customers.First, as the supplier of commodities to retail enterprises, it directly determines the procurement cost of commodities to retail enterprises, which is mainly reflected in the purchase price of commodities themselves, the cost incurred in the procurement process, and the loss cost caused by unstable supply of commodities.In addition, the good relationship with supplier interaction, large retail enterprises can also promote the suppliers timely grasp the market information, improved or innovative products according to customer demand, which contributed to the retail enterprises improve the market competitiveness of the goods are sold, so the retail enterprise's relationship with supplier directly affects the retail enterprises in the commodity market competitive.Second, due to the transfer of advantages between buyers and sellers, the retail industry has turned to the buyer's market, and consumers have become the key resources for major retailers to compete with each other.[91] Therefore, it is very important to establish a good relationship with clients and improve customer loyalty. The relationship marketing of customer relationship market regards the transaction with clients as a long term activity.Retail enterprises should pursue long-term mutual benefit maximization rather than a single transaction sales profit maximization.This requires large retail enterprises to establish a customer-oriented trading relationship with the customer relationship market. Retail stores are typically located where market opportunities are optimal – high traffic areas, central business districts. Selecting the right site can be a major success factor. When evaluating potential sites, retailers often carry out a trade area analysis; a detailed analysis designed to approximate the potential patronage area. Techniques used in trade area analysis include: Radial (ring) studies; Gravity models and Drive time analyses.
A major retail trend has been the shift to multi-channel retailing. To counter the disruption caused by online retail, many bricks and mortar retailers have entered the online retail space, by setting up online catalogue sales and e-commerce websites. However, many retailers have noticed that consumers behave differently when shopping online. For instance, in terms of choice of online platform, shoppers tend to choose the online site of their preferred retailer initially, but as they gain more experience in online shopping, they become less loyal and more likely to switch to other retail sites.[92] Online stores are usually available 24 hours a day, and many consumers in Western countries have Internet access both at work and at home.
Operations-oriented pricing: where the objective is to optimise productive capacity, to achieve operational efficiencies or to match supply and demand through varying prices. In some cases, prices might be set to demarket.[93]
Revenue-oriented pricing: (also known as profit-oriented pricing or cost-based pricing) – where the marketer seeks to maximise the profits (i.e., the surplus income over costs) or simply to cover costs and break even.[93]
Customer-oriented pricing: where the objective is to maximise the number of customers; encourage cross-selling opportunities or to recognise different levels in the customer's ability to pay.[93]
Value-based pricing: (also known as image-based pricing) occurs where the company uses prices to signal market value or associates price with the desired value position in the mind of the buyer. The aim of value-based pricing is to reinforce the overall positioning strategy e.g. premium pricing posture to pursue or maintain a luxury image.[94][95]
Relationship-oriented pricing: where the marketer sets prices in order to build or maintain relationships with existing or potential customers.[96]
Socially-oriented pricing: Where the objective is to encourage or discourage specific social attitudes and behaviours. e.g. high tariffs on tobacco to discourage smoking.[97]
Retailers must also plan for customer preferred payment modes – e.g. cash, credit, lay-by, Electronic Funds Transfer at Point-of-Sale (EFTPOS). All payment options require some type of handling and attract costs. If credit is to be offered, then credit terms will need to be determined. If lay-by is offered, then the retailer will need to take into account the storage and handling requirements. If cash is the dominant mode of payment, the retailer will need to consider small change requirements, the number of cash floats required, wages costs associated with handling large volumes of cash and the provision of secure storage for change floats. Large retailers, handling significant volumes of cash, may need to hire security service firms to carry the day's takings and deliver supplies of small change. A small, but increasing number of retailers are beginning to accept newer modes of payment including PayPal and Bitcoin.[98] For example, Subway (US) recently announced that it would accept Bitcoin payments.[99]
One of the unique aspects of retail promotions is that two brands are often involved; the store brand and the brands that make up the retailer's product range. Retail promotions that focus on the store tend to be ‘image’ oriented, raising awareness of the store and creating a positive attitude towards the store and its services. Retail promotions that focus on the product range, are designed to cultivate a positive attitude to the brands stocked by the store, in order to indirectly encourage favourable attitudes towards the store itself.[109] Some retail advertising and promotion is partially or wholly funded by brands and this is known as co-operative (or co-op) advertising.[110]
The environment in which the retail service encounter occurs is sometimes known as the retail servicescape.[111] The store environment consists of many elements such as smells, the physical environment (furnishings, layout and functionality), ambient conditions (lighting, temperature, noise) as well as signs, symbols and artifacts (e.g. sales promotions, shelf space, sample stations, visual communications). Collectively, these elements contribute to the perceived retail servicescape or the overall atmosphere and can influence both the customer's cognitions, emotions and their behaviour within the retail space.
Relationship between market Large retail enterprises of relationship marketing refers to a large retail enterprise with suppliers, customers, internal organization, channel distributors, market impact, and other competitors such as the interests of the enterprise marketing process related everything to establish and maintain good relations, thus maximizing the interests of the large retail enterprise in the long-term marketing activities, it was based on the relationship marketing concept as the core of innovation.Different from traditional marketing concepts, relationship marketing focuses on maintaining long-term good relations with relevant parties on marketing activities. The ultimate goal of relationship marketing is tantamount to maximize the long term interests of enterprises. The marketing activities of large retail enterprises mainly have six relationship markets, which are supplier relationship market, customer relationship market, enterprise internal relationship market, intermediary relationship market at all levels, enterprise marketing activities influence relationship market and industry competitor relationship market.Among these six relational markets, supply relational market and customer relational market are the two markets that have the greatest influence on the relationship marketing of large retail enterprises.Substantial retail enterprises usually have two sources of profit. The principal source of profit is to reduce the purchase price from suppliers. The other is to develop new customers and keep old clients, so as to expand the market sales of goods.In addition, the extra four related markets have an indirect impact on the marketing activities of large retail enterprises.[112] The internal relationship market of an enterprise can be divided into several different types of relationships according to distinct objects, such as employee relationship market, department relationship market, shareholder relationship market and the mutual relations among the relationship markets. The purpose of carrying out relationship marketing is to promote the cohesion and innovation ability of enterprises and maximize the long term interests of enterprises. Another relationship of relationship marketing middlemen is the relationship between market and intermediary in the process of corporate marketing is playing the intermediary role between suppliers and customers, in the current increasingly fierce market competition, more important distribution channels for enterprises, but for retail enterprises, too much sales levels will increase the cost of sales of the enterprise. Therefore, large retail enterprises should realize the simplification of sales channel level by reasonably selecting suppliers.Large-scale retail enterprises purchasing goods to suppliers with procurement scale advantage, can directly contact with the product manufacturing, with strong bargaining power, therefore, direct contact with the manufacturer is a large retail enterprise to take the main purchasing mode, it is a terminal to the starting point of zero level channel purchasing mode, therefore, the elimination of middlemen, so as to make the large retail enterprise in the marketing activity, the dealer relationship market is not so important.Then there is the enterprise influence relationship market, which is a relational marketing influence in the enterprise supply chain. It mainly guides and standardizes the advance direction of enterprises through formulating systems at the macro level.The relationship market mainly includes the relationship between the relevant government departments at all levels where the enterprise is located, the relationship with the industry association to which the enterprise belongs, and the relationship with all kinds of public organizations, etc., and the enterprise influence itself cannot directly affect the marketing activities of the enterprise.The final relational market is the industry's competitors, potential competitors, alternative competitors and so on.How to correctly deal with the relationship between competitors and the market has become a problem that large retail enterprises need to solve.
In order to maximise the number of selling opportunities, retailers generally want customers to spend more time in a retail store. However, this must be balanced against customer expectations surrounding convenience, access and realistic waiting times. The overall aim of designing a retail environment is to have customers enter the store, and explore the totality of the physical environment engaging in a variety of retail experiences – from browsing through to sampling and ultimately to purchasing. The retail service environment plays an important role in affecting the customer's perceptions of the retail experience.[113]
The retail environment not only affects quality perceptions, but can also impact on the way that customers navigate their way through the retail space during the retail service encounter. Layout, directional signage, the placement of furniture, shelves and display space along with the store's ambient conditions all affect patron's passage through the retail service system. Layout refers to how equipment, shelves and other furnishings are placed and the relationship between them. In a retail setting, accessibility is an important aspect of layout. For example, the grid layout used by supermarkets with long aisles and gondolas at the end displaying premium merchandise or promotional items, minimises the time customers spend in the environment and makes productive use of available space.[114] The gondola, so favoured by supermarkets, is an example of a retail design feature known as a merchandise outpost and which refers to special displays, typically at or near the end of an aisle, whose purpose is to stimulate impulse purchasing or to complement other products in the vicinity. For example, the meat cabinet at the supermarket might use a merchandise outpost to suggest a range of marinades or spice rubs to complement particular cuts of meat. As a generalisation, merchandise outposts are updated regularly so that they maintain a sense of novelty.[115]
According to Ziethaml et al., layout affects how easy or difficult it is to navigate through a system. Signs and symbols provide cues for directional navigation and also inform about appropriate behaviour within a store. Functionality refers to extent to which the equipment and layout meet the goals of the customer.[116] For instance, in the case of supermarkets, the customer's goal may be to minimise the amount of time spent finding items and waiting at the check-out, while a customer in a retail mall may wish to spend more time exploring the range of stores and merchandise. With respect to functionality of layout, retail designers consider three key issues; circulation – design for traffic-flow and that encourages customers to traverse the entire store; coordination – design that combines goods and spaces in order to suggest customer needs and convenience – design that arranges items to create a degree of comfort and access for both customers and employees.[117]
The way that brands are displayed is also part of the overall retail design. Where a product is placed on the shelves has implications for purchase likelihood as a result of visibility and access. Products placed too high or too low on the shelves may not turn over as quickly as those placed at eye level.[118] With respect to access, store designers are increasingly giving consideration to access for disabled and elderly customers.
Through sensory stimulation retailers can engage maximum emotional impact between a brand and its consumers by relating to both profiles; the goal and experience. Purchasing behaviour can be influenced through the physical evidence detected by the senses of touch, smell, sight, taste and sound.[119] Supermarkets offer taste testers to heighten the sensory experience of brands. Coffee shops allow the aroma of coffee to waft into streets so that passers-by can appreciate the smell and perhaps be lured inside. Clothing garments are placed at arms' reach, allowing customers to feel the different textures of clothing.[119] Retailers understand that when customers interact with products or handle the merchandise, they are more likely to make a purchase.
Ambient conditions, such as lighting, temperature and music, are also part of the overall retail environment.[119] It is common for a retail store to play music that relates to their target market. Studies have found that "positively valenced music will stimulate more thoughts and feeling than negatively valenced music", hence, positively valenced music will make the waiting time feel longer to the customer than negatively valenced music.[120] In a retail store, for example, changing the background music to a quicker tempo may influence the consumer to move through the space at a quicker pace, thereby improving traffic flow.[121] Evidence also suggests that playing music reduces the negative effects of waiting since it serves as a distraction.[120] Jewellery stores like Michael Hill have dim lighting with a view to fostering a sense of intimacy.
The design of a retail store is critical when appealing to the intended market, as this is where first impressions are made. The overall servicescape can influence a consumer's perception of the quality of the store, communicating value in visual and symbolic ways. Certain techniques are used to create a consumer brand experience, which in the long run drives store loyalty.[122]
Babin et al. carried out some of the earliest investigations into shopper motivations and identified two broad motives: utilitarian and hedonic. Utilitarian motivations are task-related and rational. For the shopper with utilitarian motives, purchasing is a work-related task that is to be accomplished in the most efficient and expedient manner. On the other hand, hedonic motives refer to pleasure. The shopper with hedonic motivations views shopping as a form of escapism where they are free to indulge fantasy and freedom. Hedonic shoppers are more involved in the shopping experience.[123]
Many different shopper profiles can be identified. Retailers develop customised segmentation analyses for each unique outlet. However, it is possible to identify a number of broad shopper profiles. One of the most well-known and widely cited shopper typologies is that developed by Sproles and Kendal in the mid-1980s.[124][125][126] Sproles and Kendall's consumer typology has been shown to be relatively consistent across time and across cultures.[127][128] Their typology is based on the consumer's approach to making purchase decisions.[129]
Some researchers have adapted Sproles and Kendall's methodology for use in specific countries or cultural groups.[130] Consumer decision styles are important for retailers and marketers because they describe behaviours that are relatively stable over time and for this reason, they are useful for market segmentation.
The retail format (also known as the retail formula) influences the consumer's store choice and addresses the consumer's expectations. At its most basic level, a retail format is a simple marketplace, that is; a location where goods and services are exchanged. In some parts of the world, the retail sector is still dominated by small family-run stores, but large retail chains are increasingly dominating the sector, because they can exert considerable buying power and pass on the savings in the form of lower prices. Many of these large retail chains also produce their own private labels which compete alongside manufacturer brands. Considerable consolidation of retail stores has changed the retail landscape, transferring power away from wholesalers and into the hands of the large retail chains.[131]
Softline retailers[132][133]
Retailers selling consumer durables are sometimes known as hardline retailers[134] – automobiles, appliances, electronics, furniture, sporting goods, lumber, etc., and parts for them. Goods that do not quickly wear out and provide utility over time. For the consumer, these items often represent major purchase decisions. Consumers purchase durables over longer purchase decision cycles. For instance, the typical consumer might replace their family car every 5 years, and their home computer every 4 years.
An anchor store (also known as draw tenant or anchor tenant) is a larger store with a good reputation used by shopping mall management to attract a certain volume of shoppers to a precinct.[135]
A Boutique is a small store offering a select range of fashionable goods or accessories. The term, 'boutique', in retail and services, appears to be taking on a broader meaning with popular references to retail goods and retail services such as boutique hotels, boutique beers (i.e. craft beers), boutique investments etc.[136]
By supplying a wide assortment in a single category for lower prices a category killer retailer can "kill" that category for other retailers.[137] A category killer is a specialist store that dominates a given category. Toys "R" Us, established in 1957, is thought to be the first category killer, dominating the children's toys and games market.[138] For a few categories, such as electronics, home hardware, office supplies and children's toys, the products are displayed at the centre of the store and a sales person will be available to address customer queries and give suggestions when required. Rival retail stores are forced to reduce their prices if a category killer enters the market in a given geographic area. Examples of category killers include Toys "R" Us and Australia's Bunnings (hardware, DIY and outdoor supplies) and Officeworks (stationery and supplies for the home office and small office). Some category killers redefine the category. For example, Australia's Bunnings began as a hardware outlet, but now supplies a broad range of goods for the home handyman or small tradesman, including kitchen cabinetry, craft supplies, gardening needs and outdoor furniture. Similarly Officeworks straddles the boundary between stationery supplies, office furniture and digital communications devices in its quest to provide for all the needs of the retail consumer and the small, home office.
Chain store is one of a series of stores owned by the same company and selling the same or similar merchandise.[139] Chain stores aim to benefit from volume buying discounts (economies of scale) and achieve cost savings through economies of scope (e.g. centralised warehousing, marketing, promotion and administration) and pass on the cost savings in the form of lower prices.
Concept stores are similar to speciality stores in that they are very small in size, and only stock a limited range of brands or a single brand. They are typically operated by the brand that controls them. Example: L'OCCITANE en Provence. The limited size and offering of L'OCCITANE's stores is too small to be considered a speciality store. However, a concept store goes beyond merely selling products, and instead offers an immersive customer experience built around the way that a brand fits with the customer's lifestyle.[140] Examples include Apple's concept stores, Kit Kat's concept store in Japan.
A co-operative store; also known as a co-op or coop, is a venture owned and operated by consumers to meet their social, economic and cultural needs.[141]
A convenience store provides limited amount of merchandise at above average prices with a speedy checkout. This store is ideal for emergency and immediate purchase consumables as it often operates with extended hours, stocking every day.[142]
Department stores are very large stores offering an extensive assortment of both "soft" and "hard" goods which often bear a resemblance to a collection of specialty stores. A retailer of such store carries a variety of categories and has a broad assortment of goods at moderate prices. They offer considerable customer service.[143]
A destination store is one that customers will initiate a trip specifically to visit, sometimes over a large area. These stores are often used to "anchor" a shopping mall or plaza, generating foot traffic, which is capitalized upon by smaller retailers.[144]
Discount stores tend to offer a wide array of products and services, but they compete mainly on price. They offer extensive assortments of merchandise at prices lower than other retailers and are designed to be affordable for the market served. In the past, retailers sold less fashion-oriented brands. However, in more recent years companies such as TJX Companies (Own T.J. Maxx and Marshalls) and Ross Stores are discount store operations increasingly offering fashion-oriented brands on a larger scale.[145]
The customer can shop and order through the internet and the merchandise is dropped at the customer's doorstep or an e-tailer. In some cases, e-retailers use drop shipping technique. They accept the payment for the product but the customer receives the product directly from the manufacturer or a wholesaler. This format is ideal for customers who do not want to travel to retail stores and are interested in home shopping.[146]
A general merchandise retailer stocks a variety of products in considerable depth. The types of product offerings vary across this category. Department stores, convenience stores, hypermarkets and warehouse clubs are all examples of general merchandise retailers.[147]
A general store is a store that supplies the main needs of the local community and is often located in outback or rural areas with low population densities. In areas of very low population density, a general store may be the only retail outlet within hundreds of miles. The general store carries a very broad product assortment; from foodstuffs and pharmaceuticals through to hardware and fuel. In addition, a general store may provide essential services such as postal services, banking services, news agency services and may also act as an agent for farm equipment and stock-food suppliers.[148]
As the name implies, a give-away shop provides goods for free. There are several different models of give-away shop in popular use. One is where goods are free to any shopper; an alternative is that shoppers must provide a product before they can take a product and a third variation is where consumers have the option of taking goods for free or paying any amount that they can afford. For example, Australia's restaurant group Lentil as Anything operates on a pay whatever you feel is right model.[149]
Hawkers also known as a peddlers, costermongers or street vendors; refer to a vendor of merchandise that is readily portable. Hawkers typically operate in public places such as streets, squares, public parks or gardens or near the entrances of high traffic venues such as zoos, music and entertainment venues, but may also call on homes for door-to-door seling.[150] Hawkers are a relatively common sight across Asia.
A high street store is a term used widely in the United Kingdom where more than 5,000 High Streets where a variety of stores congregate along a main road.[151] Stores situated in the High Street provide for the needs of a local community, and often give a locality a unique identity.
A hypermarket (also known as hypermart) provides variety and huge volumes of exclusive merchandise at low margins. The operating cost is comparatively less than other retail formats; may be defined as "a combined supermarket and discount store, at least 200,000 square feet (19,000 m2) or larger, that sells a wide variety of food and general merchandise at a low price."[152]
A mall has a range of retail shops at a single building or outlet, arranged on a single level or multiple levels. A shopping mall typically includes one or more anchor stores.[153] The retail mix in a mall may include outlets such as food and entertainment, grocery, electronics, furniture, gifts and fashion. Malls provide 7% of retail revenue in India, 10% in Vietnam, 25% in China, 28% in Indonesia, 39% in the Philippines, and 45% in Thailand.[154] Malls are typically managed by a central management/ marketing authority which ensures that the mall attracts the right type of retailer and an appropriate retail mix.
A Pop-up retail store is a temporary retail space that opens for a short period of time, possibly opening to sell a specific run of merchandise or for a special occasion or holiday period. The key to the success of a pop-up is novelty in the merchandise.[155]
A Marketplace is defined as venue for the retail sales of all products, packed and unpacked where the sale is to end users.[156] In practice, retail markets are most often associated with the sale of fresh produce, including fruit, vegetables, meat, fish and poultry, but may also sell small consumable household goods such as cleaning agents. Globally, different terms may be used to refer to a retail market. For instance, in the Middle East, a market place may be known as a bazaar or souq/souk
A speciality (AE: specialty) store has a narrow marketing focus – either specializing on specific merchandise, such as toys, footwear, or clothing, or on a target audience, such as children, tourists, or plus-size women.[157] Size of store varies – some speciality stores might be retail giants such as Toys "R" Us, Foot Locker, and The Body Shop, while others might be small, individual shops such as Nutters of Savile Row.[157] Such stores, regardless of size, tend to have a greater depth of the specialist stock than general stores, and generally offer specialist product knowledge valued by the consumer. Pricing is usually not the priority when consumers are deciding upon a speciality store; factors such as branding image, selection choice, and purchasing assistance are seen as important.[157] They differ from department stores and supermarkets which carry a wide range of merchandise.[158]
A supermarket is a self-service store consisting mainly of grocery and limited products on non-food items.[159] They may adopt a Hi-Lo or an EDLP strategy for pricing. The supermarkets can be anywhere between 20,000 square feet (1,900 m2) and 40,000 square feet (3,700 m2). Example: SPAR supermarket.
Variety stores offer extremely low-cost goods, with a vast array of selection. The downfall to this is that the items are not very high quality.[160]
A vending machine is an automated piece of equipment wherein customers can drop the money in the machine which dispenses the customer's selection. The vending machine is a pure self-service option. Machines may carry a phone number which customers can call in the event of a fault.[161]
Warehouse clubs are membership-based retailers that usually sell a wide variety of merchandise, in which customers may buy large, wholesale quantities of the store's products, which makes these clubs attractive to both bargain hunters and small business owners. The clubs are able to keep prices low due to the no-frills format of the stores. In addition, customers may be required to pay annual membership fees in order to shop.[162]
Warehouse stores are retailers housed in warehouses, and offer low-cost, often high-quantity goods with minimal services, e.g. goods are piled on pallets or steel shelves. shopping aisles are narrow and cramped, added-value services such as home delivery are non-existent.[163]
China is currently the largest retail market in the world.[164]
Worldwide top ten retailers[165]
2017 revenue ($US billion)[166]
10 Aldi Germany $69.18[167] Discount Store 17
Retail stores may or may not have competitors close enough to affect their pricing, product availability, and other operations. A 2006 survey found that only 38% of retail stores in India believed they faced more than slight competition.[168] Competition also affected less than half of retail stores in Kazakhstan, Bulgaria, and Azerbaijan. In all countries the main competition was domestic, not foreign.[169]
% of retail stores facing competition[169]
Retail trade provides 9% of all jobs in India and 14% of GDP.[168]
Between 1985 and 2018 there have been 46,755 mergers or acquisitions conducted globally in the retail sector (either acquirer or target from the retail industry). These deals cumulate to an overall known value of around 2.561 bil. USD. The three major Retail M&A waves took place in 2000, 2007 and lately in 2017. However the all-time high in terms of number of deals was in 2016 with more than 2,700 deals. In terms of added value 2007 set the record with 225 bil. USD.[170]
STORES Magazine annually ranks the nation's top retailers according to sales.[171][172]
Since 1951, the U.S. Census Bureau has published the Retail Sales report every month. It is a measure of consumer spending, an important indicator of the US GDP. Retail firms provide data on the dollar value of their retail sales and inventories. A sample of 12,000 firms is included in the final survey and 5,000 in the advanced one. The advanced estimated data is based on a subsample from the US CB complete retail & food services sample.[173]
In 2011, the grocery market in six countries of Central Europe was worth nearly €107bn, 2.8% more than the previous year when expressed in local currencies. The increase was generated foremost by the discount stores and supermarket segments, and was driven by the skyrocketing prices of foodstuffs. This information is based on the latest PMR report entitled Grocery retail in Central Europe 2012[174]
National accounts show a combined total of retail and wholesale trade, with hotels and restaurants. in 2012 the sector provides over a fifth of GDP in tourist-oriented island economies, as well as in other major countries such as Brazil, Pakistan, Russia, and Spain. In all four of the latter countries, this fraction is an increase over 1970, but there are other countries where the sector has declined since 1970, sometimes in absolute terms, where other sectors have replaced its role in the economy. In the United States the sector has declined from 19% of GDP to 14%, though it has risen in absolute terms from $4,500 to $7,400 per capita per year. In China the sector has grown from 7.3% to 11.5%, and in India even more, from 8.4% to 18.7%. Emarketer predicts China will have the largest retail market in the world in 2016.[175]
In 2016, China became the largest retail market in the world.[164]
Retail trade, wholesale, hotels and restaurants (data from the United Nations)[176]
Among retailers and retails chains a lot of consolidation has appeared over the last couple of decades. Between 1988 and 2010, worldwide 40,788 mergers & acquisitions with a total known value of US$2.255 trillion have been announced.[177] The largest transactions with involvement of retailers in/from the United States have been: the acquisition of Albertson's Inc. for 17 bil. USD in 2006,[178] the merger between Federated Department Stores Inc with May Department Stores valued at 16.5 bil. USD in 2005[179] – now Macy's, and the merger between Kmart Holding Corp and Sears Roebuck & Co with a value of 10.9 bil. USD in 2004.[180]
Influential thinkers in sales and retail:[181]
^ Shaw, Eric H. (2016). "2: Ancient and medieval marketing". In Jones, D.G. Brian; Tadajewski, Mark. The Routledge Companion to Marketing History. Routledge Companions. London: Routledge. p. 24. ISBN 978-1-134-68868-5. Retrieved 2017-01-03. Perhaps the only substantiated type of retail marketing practice that evolved from Neolithic times to the present was the itinerant tradesman (also known as peddler, packman or chapman). These forerunners of travelling salesmen roamed from village to village bartering stone axes in exchange for salt or other goods (Dixon, 1975).
^ Fill, C., Marketing Communications: Framework, Theories and Application, London, Prentice Hall, 1995, p. 70; Ltd., JSB Market Research Pvt. "Retail Market Research Reports | Retail Market Reports". JSB Market Research. Retrieved 2018-10-23.
^ a b Hoch, Steven J.; Drèze, Xavier; Purk, Mary E. (October 1994). "EDLP, Hi-Lo, and Margin Arithmetic" (PDF). The Journal of Marketing. 58 (4): 16–27.
^ Hee, J.K., "Stand-alone Sale of a Free Gift: Is it effective to accentuate promotion value?" Social Behavior & Personality: An International Journal, Vol. 43, no. 10, 2015, pp. 1593–1606
^ a b Hul, Michael K.; Dube, Laurette; Chebat, Jean-Charles (1997-03-01). "The impact of music on consumers' reactions to waiting for services". Journal of Retailing. 73 (1): 87–104. doi:10.1016/S0022-4359(97)90016-6.
^ Bitner, M.J. (1992). "Servicescapes: The impact of physical surroundings on customers and employees". The Journal of Marketing. 56 (2): 57–71. JSTOR 1252042.
^ Greenfeld, Karl Taro (19 October 1998). "Turmoil in Toyland". Time. (Subscription required (help)).
^ a b c Charles Lamb; Joe Hair; Carl McDaniel (14 Jan 2008). Essentials of Marketing. Cengage Learning. p. 363. ISBN 978-0-324-65620-6.
^ "Stores Top Retailers 2018". Stores: NRF's Magazine. Retrieved 2018-11-08.
^ "M&A by Industries". Institute for Mergers, Acquisitions and Alliances (IMAA). Retrieved 2018-02-28.
^ "These are the 20 biggest retailers in America". Business Insider. Retrieved 2018-11-28.
^ McDonald, Samantha (2018-08-13). "Amazon vs. Walmart: Which One Is America's Biggest Retailer?". Footwear News. Retrieved 2018-11-28.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Retail&oldid=879317273"
This page was last edited on 20 January 2019, at 12:51 (UTC).


text:
Lawyer Seeks End to Suit Against Gas Company - Los Angeles Times
Lawyer Seeks End to Suit Against Gas Company
Operating Industries operated a now-closed landfill in Monterey Park, abutting Montebello’s northern border. The lawsuit alleges that the company has contributed to the problem because waste gas from the landfill has migrated into nearby neighborhoods.
“I have advised my clients in my judgment the lawsuit would probably go on for 7, 8, 9 years (including any appeals),” Epstein said in a recent interview. “Many of our clients have decided . . . the cost is so great that they can’t afford to risk that expense.”
Gas company workers come by periodically to monitor the well, but they have told Escarcega that so far only trace amounts that are not dangerous have been detected, Escarcega said.
“I’m just here playing Russian roulette with them,” said Escarcega, who wants the gas company to buy him out. “When is it (an explosion) going to happen? It’s a lot of stress.”
Epstein’s former law firm--Margolis, McTernan, Scope & Epstein of Los Angeles--took the case on a contingency basis, and spent an estimated $500,000 in legal services, Epstein said. The law firm has since split up and Epstein said he cannot sustain the lawsuit. He declined to comment specifically on the strengths or weaknesses of the case.
“These cases can only be handled if you have a firm that’s in a position to advance over a million dollars,” Epstein said. “The sad reality is, homeowners have these problems and can’t find any remedy unless they find someone who’s willing to lay out that kind of expense.”
Spokesmen for the gas company and Operating Industries said the lawsuit has no merit. The defendants have agreed not to seek reimbursement of legal fees if the case is dropped, Epstein said.
The gas storage area is about a mile long and half a mile wide. It is bounded by Wilcox, Poplar and Lincoln avenues and Beverly Boulevard.
Natural gas is injected through wells into porous formations that used to contain oil deposits, about 8,000 feet underground. The gas company has used the underground reservoir, which now has a capacity of 12 billion cubic feet, since the 1950s. Methane, which is highly explosive, constitutes the largest portion of the natural gas, and although it is not poisonous, it can be deadly if it builds up in a room and displaces the oxygen.
“It (the lawsuit) has no merit,” Duran said. “We’re operating in a safe manner.”
Ed Brannon, a spokesman for the state Department of Conservation’s Division of Oil and Gas, said the operation is being run safely and the gas company is conscientious about monitoring for leaks and repairing those it finds. The state agency regulates the storage project.
The Operating Industries landfill was closed in 1984. It has been declared a hazardous-waste site and is on the federal Superfund list for priority cleanup by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Methane and other waste gases from the landfill have been detected migrating from the site into residential neighborhoods. The dump generates mostly methane, but also small amounts of toxic gases, such as cancer-causing vinyl chloride, authorities said. The EPA is taking measures to keep the gas within the landfill’s boundaries, and officials say the gases pose no immediate danger to area residents.
A 1984 health study performed by the state and county health departments did not detect an elevated incidence of serious disease, such as cancer, in area residents. But the study indicated that some residents suffered more minor health problems, such as sore throats and headaches, than people who lived farther away from the dump.
Daniel Spradlin, an attorney who represents Operating Industries said: “I don’t believe the lawsuit has any validity at all. I don’t believe the gas from the landfill constitutes any kind of a hazard.”
“I wouldn’t mind them storing it if I didn’t have the well underneath, and I didn’t know they demolished homes because of it,” Escarcega said.

type: global

value: The Los Angeles Times (abbreviated as LA Times) is a daily newspaper based in El Segundo, California, which has been published in Los Angeles, California, since 1881. It has the fifth-largest circulation in the U.S., and is the largest American newspaper not headquartered on the East Coast.


text:
Shimano Stradic FJ Series Spinning Fishing Reel Your Choice | eBay Skip to main contenteBayShop by categoryEnter your search keywordAll CategoriesAdvanced or register':' style="margin-right:3px">Hi -User-!'.replace(/-User-/,escape(a)))+"")}catch(b){document.write("")}})();Hi (Sign in to bid or buy)Daily DealsGift CardsSellHelp & ContactMy eBayExpand My eBaySummaryBids/OffersWatch listWish listAll listsPurchase historySellingMy CollectionsFollowed searchesMessagesNotification Back to home page
Details about SHIMANO STRADIC FJ Series Spinning Fishing Reel - Your Choice !!!
ST 1000FJ 2500FJ 3000FJ 4000FJ 5000FJ 6000FJ or 8000FJ
SHIMANO STRADIC FJ Series Spinning Fishing Reel - Your Choice !!!
ST1000FJ[out of stock]
ST4000FJ[out of stock]
ST5000FJ[out of stock]
ST6000FJ[out of stock]
ST8000FJ[out of stock]
eBay item number:300774238538
Jul 26, 2013 20:14:29 PDT View all revisions
... Read moreabout the condition	Country of Manufacture: Malaysia
Brand:: Shimano
Return policy details	We offer a no hassle return policy. We ask that the item be returned in its original packaging. We charge a 15% restocking fee for all items. This fee is waived if we determine the item is defective or we made a shipping mistake. Returns will be processed as either a merchandise credit or refund (buyer’s choice) less any applicable restocking fee and original shipping cost. All returns must be coordinated to ensure buyer has the correct return address and return authorization number.

value: eBay Inc. ( EE-bay) is an American multinational e-commerce corporation based in San Jose, California, that facilitates consumer-to-consumer and business-to-consumer sales through its website.


text:
Infamous by Guzzardi on deviantART
Infamous Second son by NicoleChiorato
InFamous by Howlingwolf26
Proud Digital-Drawers Aus-Art
Australian Art Community Show all (55)
Submitted onMarch 20Image Size2.7 MBResolution800×1183 Link
StatsViews14,327 (4 today)Favourites1,049 (who?)
× Infamousby GuzzardiFan Art / Digital Art / Painting & Airbrushing / Games©2014 Guzzardi
INFAMOUS: SECOND SON IS OUTTTTFinal countdown fan art!got my game omg I'm so ready haha bye internet and social lifeWe put Fetch in the countdown cause Travis Willingham (Reggie's actor) asked us :'D10 day countdown art:on tumblr hereon twitter hereReggie Rowe, Abigail Walker and Delsin Rowe belong to SuckerPunchArt by Shenae and Mel Guzzardi | Official Facebook Guzzardi Art & Cosplay | tumblr | Youtube | Online Portfolio | Shenae G Twitter | Mel G Twitter Add a Comment:
New member Hobbyist General Artist Watch Reggie somehow comeback in the next game as a water-based Conduit and him freak out about it //kicked in the head
Hahahaha pleaaaase, that'd be freakin nice!! I sure wouldn't complain xD
New member Hobbyist General Artist Are they even making another inFAMOUS? .O. Cause I have a whole freaking idea on how it would work ._. Reggie falls into the water, sinking farther and farther. Then, a water conduit coincidentally sees him and tries pulling him to the surface. It fails, due to the heavy concrete on his feet. So, water conduit passes on their powers to Reggie, so he can breathe underwater while the other conduit goes to get someone to help him get the concrete off. They finally get the concrete off, Reggie is alive, and he goes back home looking for Delsin. //rolls away Reply DrawingTiimee
This is amazing *________* Love it!!
Hobbyist Photographer reg.... *sob* is amazing!
Hobbyist Photographer reggie is alive... he must... i don't know...maybe he is a water conduit... i don't know!do not judge me!!! *sooooobbbbb**cry for reggie*you work is so perfect, so original!you have a different style, unique!as I would like draw like you... or only the half!
Hobbyist Digital Artist Brilliant love the urban vibe
Thank you so much!! Reply feddysaywuh
I LOVE IT. SO GOOD!! Reply Previous123...7Next

value: DeviantArt (formerly stylized as deviantART) is an American  online art community featuring artwork, videography and photography subsidiary of the Israeli company Wix.com. It was launched on August 7, 2000 by Angelo Sotira, Scott Jarkoff, Matthew Stephens, and others.


text:
Not sure if the right place but I need suggestions. : Cooking
Not sure if the right place but I need suggestions. (self.Cooking)
Im not a cook and have only cooked a few meals simple meals. Tonight I want to cook for my girlfriend and her son, he's 5. Not spicy food or anything with eggs, any ideas on a some easy to make but tasty meals. If this ain't the subreddit for this please point me to where I can repost this. Cheers.
[–]vornan19 6 points7 points8 points 5 years ago * (3 children)
Baked chicken with mashed potatoes and veggies.
Put the chicken on a baking sheet and sprinkle some oregano or sage (not both!) and some pepper on them. Bake on the middle rack at 350°F for 35 minutes.
Wash/scrub the potatoes and cut into quarters or smaller. Put in a pot with water covering it an inch or so. Add some salt. Simmer/low boil for about 20 minutes until the taters are soft, test with a fork.
Grab a bag of frozen veggies and follow the instructions. Also, packet gravy
[–]NotBane[S] 2 points3 points4 points 5 years ago (2 children)
Your welcome. I forgot, the chicken is done when you can stab it with a fork and no blood issues forth, just clear juices. Good luck!
Or the safest way to test if it is done would be to use a thermometer in the thickest part of the meat.. An inexperienced cook may "stab" in a way that he'll loose a good amount of juices.
[–]masterbogarter 6 points7 points8 points 5 years ago (0 children)
all kids love speghetti...with or without meatballs, and garlic bread! easy and yummy
[–]ImperfectPragmatism 2 points3 points4 points 5 years ago * (4 children)
Corned Beef Hash (my recipe):
Equipment: Casserole dish or oven proof dish, fry pan
Pre heat oven gas mark 5
Use potatoes to make some mash and set aside (a large-ish potato per person, plus one little one 'for the pot' works for me)
Slice/dice onions, garlic, carrot, celery and pepper finely and fry on medium heat until they're soft, add the herbs, stir for about a minuet more and remove from heat, allow to rest a bit
Open beans, chopped tomatoes and tip into the bottom of your casserole or oven dish, add fried mixture and stir, add a little salt , pepper and paprika, stir
Turn heat up under fry pan and open tin of corned beef and cut into large cubes (refrigerate it first to make it easier to cut) season with a little salt and pepper and fry quickly so that the outside crisp but the beef doesn't melt too much, adding dash of Worcestershire sauce at end of frying
Layer corned beef on top of bean mixture, layer mash on top of that, top with grated cheese and cook in oven until cheese is bubbling and golden.
This is what I call a 'glowy dinner', you feel feel warm and fuzzy after it and it is easy to make. :)
In actual fact, I am going to have this for my dinner tonight.
[–]In_Cider 0 points1 point2 points 5 years ago (3 children)
Nice recipe - Been wondering what to do with my tin of corned beef. Got most of the ingredients in the house already so I'll be cooking that for dinner tonight!
[–]ImperfectPragmatism 0 points1 point2 points 5 years ago (2 children)
[–]In_Cider 0 points1 point2 points 5 years ago (1 child)
I forgot to cook the herbs with the veg, instead chucked it in the casserole dish when I remembered, the key on the corned beef broke so the contents weren't in any fit state to be cubed - forgot to season the beef, and forgot the worcester sauce... but it was still very delicious filling. Everyone finished their plate! Another dish I can add to my repertiore!
[–]ImperfectPragmatism 0 points1 point2 points 5 years ago * (0 children)
I made mine tonight (Didn't get round to it yesterday) and the key also broke, I had to ninja my way into the tin. This time I used small new potatoes with the skins on for the mash topping and it gave it extra bite. I also made the veggies chunkier.
I also forgot, that you add half a tin of tinned chopped tomatoes to the bean sauce too, just to flesh out the juice a bit. But it sounds as if you did okay without the tinned tomatoes.
Everyone this end had second helpings too. :) Our go to dinner used to be tuna pasta and now it is this dish.
[–]mrstepper 1 point2 points3 points 5 years ago (0 children)
Meatloaf with roasted potatoes and carrots and onions
Preheat oven to 350 degrees F (175 degrees C). In a large bowl, combine the beef, egg, onion, milk and bread OR cracker crumbs. Season with salt and pepper to taste and place in a lightly greased 5x9 inch loaf pan, OR form into a loaf and place in a lightly greased 9x13 inch baking dish.
In a separate small bowl, combine the brown sugar, mustard and ketchup. Mix well and pour over the meatloaf. Bake at 350 degrees F (175 degrees C) for 1 hour.
Peel and cut veggies into wedges and coat in 2 tbsp of olive oil and salt and pepper. Place on cookie sheet and bake with the meatloaf. Veggies are done when soft and browned.
My kids love meatloaf day!
[–]tonygoold 0 points1 point2 points 5 years ago (0 children)
Is it an egg allergy or just an aversion? If the latter, there are lots of recipes that include eggs but don't taste like eggs. Anything battered, like fried chicken, typically has egg in it.
Lots of recipes can be broken down into protein, starch, and side. I'll leave it to you to look up recipes and focus on the suggestions:
Protein: Most young kids seem to be okay with chicken and pork. If egg batters are okay, I'd go with battered pork chops, otherwise just fry them straight. Some people mix bread crumbs into the flour, I prefer to mix in corn meal to make the outside more crunchy. Apple sauce goes well with pork. Let people serve the apple sauce themselves, it will give him some control over his food.
Starch: Mashed potatoes have broad appeal for their simple flavour. The more milk you add, the creamier it will be, but add it as you mix so you don't accidentally turn it into potato soup. Make sure you salt it after you mash it, and taste as you salt.
Side: Grape tomatoes, cucumbers, and carrots. Wash them all, slice the cucumbers and carrots into sticks, cut the grape tomatoes in half lengthwise. Serve them raw, with a sprinkling of salt for the tomatoes and cucumbers. Finger foods are fun.
Expectations: He might reject everything no matter what you serve. Don't take it personally! Let his mom decide how to deal with it, even if that means a trip to McDonald's after.
π Rendered by PID 77864 on app-239 at 2017-09-24 07:02:21.785513+00:00 running 287b538 country code: US.

value: Reddit (, stylized as reddit) is an American social news aggregation, web content rating, and discussion website. Registered members submit content to the site such as links, text posts, images, and videos, which are then voted up or down by other members.


text:
Hooked on Couponics | MoneyMate Kate
Hooked on Couponics
An awful lot of the blog community participates in some form of couponing, sales-stalking, and playing the CVS game. Well, at first I thought the CVS game was for SAHMs stretching the hell out of a tight budget and not for an urban singleton like me. But since I started clipping coupons a month ago and then finding a charitable angle to it a couple of days ago, I read up on how all this works.
Yes, there are some very obsessed CVSers out there, but (a) it’s kind of cool seeing how much stuff they can get for $5 out of pocket, and (b) they’re doing all the fiddly figuring for lazier couponers like me to benefit from. Dear heavens, they manage to get their hands on scans of weekly circulars up to a month in advance in order to strategize!
So I’ve got about $52 worth of Duracell batteries (48) and Glade candles (been meaning to get seasonal Yankee Candles for 2 weeks now – these will do nicely) for just sales tax lined up for Sunday. Of course, I only do this in the dead of night when there will be no one around to watch me argue with the cashier if he makes a mistake. This is good for me in more ways then one: it gets me out of the house for a one-mile walk at midnight. Helps me towards my 7-miles-a-day quota 🙂
« No More Nightmares About Rent Raises I spoke too soon about my rent »
lulugal11, on November 14, 2008 at 2:33 pm said:
I am going to stock up on Glade candles this Sunday since I have coupons and they get ECBs. I got into the CVS thing this year and my only regret is that I did not know about it earlier so that I could have gotten more stuff!!!!!
It really is addictive and on the rare occasion that I don’t get to go to CVS I get withdrawal symptoms. 🙂
moneymatekate, on November 14, 2008 at 8:36 pm said:
You can totally do the Duracell deal too – most CVS’s are keeping pads of $5 off 2 packs right by the product. And then they’re on sale ($9.99 for 16, $5.99 for 8). So what you do is buy $21.97 worth of batteries to qualify for the ECBs, use 2 of those $5 coupons to take it down to $12.97, and then get $15 ECBs back. I believe it’s what the obsessive call a “moneymaker”. Even better if I throw in the $2 off a $10 purchase coupon that the little red scanning machine spat out at me this morning.
Oh, then I get back in line with $20 of Glade candles (8) plus 2 jars of spices from the 2/$1 two-day special, use 4 x $1.50/2 coupons, and get it all free with the $15 ECBs from the batteries…earning another $10 in ECBs.
I think I got the hang of this pretty fast. Can you tell I’ve had another achingly slow week of work?

value: WordPress (WP, WordPress.org) is a free and open-source content management system (CMS) written in PHP and paired with a MySQL or MariaDB database. Features include a plugin architecture and a template system, referred to within WordPress as Themes.


text:
Edward Jones Ranks No. 5 on Fortune’s Best Companies to Work For List
February 21, 2012 12:18PM
Article from Naperville Sun
Updated: February 21, 2012 1:32PM
Financial-services firm Edward Jones ranked No. 5 on “Fortune” magazine’s “100 Best Companies to Work For 2012” list. This is the company’s 13th appearance, according to a press release.
Currently, Edward Jones has 1,515 positions available throughout the country, mostly for financial adviser and branch office administrator.
To pick the 100 Best Companies to Work For, FORTUNE partners with the Great Place to Work Institute to conduct the most extensive employee survey in corporate America. A total of 280 companies participated in this year’s survey. Two-thirds of a company’s score is based on the results of the institute’s Trust Index survey, which is sent to a random sample of employees from each company. The survey asks questions related to their attitudes about management’s credibility, job satisfaction and camaraderie. The other third of the scoring is based on the company’s responses to the institute’s Culture Audit, which includes detailed questions about pay and benefit programs and a series of open-ended questions about hiring practices, internal communications, training, recognition programs and diversity efforts.
Edward Jones has headquarters in St. Louis. Visit www.edwardjones.com for Naperville locations, and its recruiting website is www.careers.edwardjones.com.

value: Blogger is an American online content management system (CMS) which enables multi-user blogs with time-stamped entries. Pyra Labs developed it before being acquired by Google in 2003.


text:
Puppet Showplace Theater: My New Favorite Thing: Middle Eastern Music
Posted by Puppet Showplace Theatre at 7/31/2012 10:00:00 AM


text:
Enlightened Layperson: What's the Big Deal About Taxes?
So, many of us are asking, what's the big deal about increasing the top tax rate from 36% to 39.5%? (Or even a little higher). Why this carrying on as if it were some kind of catastrophy, or the first step on the Road to Serfdom?
A top marginal rate of 39.5% is no higher than in the notably prosperous '90's, and lower than the rate most of the time since 1920? Granted, there was some grumbling when Bill Clinton raised the top marginal rate, some warnings of economic catastrophy, some attempts by Republicans to demagogue the issue, but nothing like the hysteria we are experiencing now, the references to a modest tax increase as "demonization," the threats to "Go Galt," the hysterical comparisons to Hitler. What's going on here?
Serious hysteria whipped up
Several things, I suspect. For one thing, the right-wing media was by no means as advanced in 1993 as today. Talk radio was in its infancy. Rush Limbaugh was considered a lunatic. Fox News did not exist yet. The blogosphere was not even a twinkle and anybody's eye. In short, it was not as easy to whip up hysteria in 1993 as it is today. (The hysteria-whipping-up establishment grew rapidly as the '90's progressed).
For another thing, the Clinton tax increases were honest. They were a straightforward attempt to balance the budget, not accompanied by large spending increases. The current proposed increases have to look suspicious. They will almost certainly not be enough to erase the current deficits, so many people justifiably suspect that taxes will end up going up a lot more.
But I think something else is at work as well. The Clinton Administration discovered something that seems obvious in retrospect, but did not receive much attention at the time. When economic growth is concentrated heavily at the top, as it has been since the mid 1970's, even a modest tax increase at the top can greatly increase revenue, by tapping into that growth. (Likewise, the Bush Administration demonstrated the opposite -- when growth is heavily concentrated at the top, a modest tax decrease at the top can cost a lot of revenue). Furthermore, displeasure of Republican ideologues not withstanding, when there is rapid growth at the top, there is not, after all, that much resistence to an increase in the top marginal rate. After all, when your income is rising rapidly, a modest tax increase simply means it is rising a little less rapidly. Ideological dogma aside, who really cares?
But the situation is very different today. Today, incomes and wealth are falling, with losses heavily concentrated at the top. When your wealth and income are rapidly falling, even though they remain well above the national average, even a modest increase in tax rates can feel like adding insult to injury. Also significant, of course, is that with incomes at the top rapidly falling, raising taxes on them will be a much less effective revenue generator than it was in the 1990's.*
*Of course, we do not know what growth patterns will be when the economy starts to improve.
[url=http://adidas261.webnode.jp/]adidas originals[/url] SgaYmlWatRtm[url=http://sougyokuka5.webnode.jp/]アディダス 靴[/url] EnbXvxRybVei[url=http://lucybetra-hotmail-com4.webnode.jp/]adidas シューズ[/url]UybSdpIbbVbk[url=http://sougyokuka08.webnode.jp/]nike ランニング[/url]UkdXyoEwhAep[url=http://nike27.webnode.jp/]ナイキ[/url]
GhoDjrBqgTxo [url=http://nike668.webnode.jp/]nike バッシュ[/url] MexAswQdsAgn [url=http://nike689.webnode.jp/]nike woven[/url] FeaJqyTwmGjp [url=http://nike11.webnode.jp/]nike エア[/url] OjmKoiFpnAxt [url=http://nike109.webnode.jp/]コルテッツ ナイキ[/url]MdpJptHniEhn [url=http://nike50.webnode.jp/]ナイキ ルナグライド[/url] CdyDmaSalOid [url=http://nike909.webnode.jp/]ナイキスニーカー[/url] CxdQvnDdgRrb [url=http://nike36.webnode.jp/]スニーカーナイキ[/url] LdtIhaQmeSvl [url=http://nike-air02.webnode.jp/]nike air[/url] WabThuZfxYyd [url=http://adidas62.webnode.jp/]adidas スニーカー[/url] MszNmnDhtFqj[url=http://adidas45.webnode.jp/]adidas[/url] UsjEtlKjjVsn[url=http://adidas09.webnode.jp/]アディダス[/url] LgcFxwZrmAgg
LxtZipUlaNwd[url=http://nike-sb8.webnode.jp/]nike id[/url] XsdKjmQpeUkj [url=http://nike-sea2.webnode.jp/]ナイキスニーカー[/url] TukUhpOwtGbv [url=http://adidasjia.sitemix.jp/]adidas アディダス[/url] QyiForVtxPkf
RhxMqsPtaVaj [url=http://oadidas.seesaa.net/]アディダス[/url] QbeUcuNxkBse [url=http://seaadidas.seesaa.net/]アディダス[/url] BxbGmcWocEot [url=http://adidasstore.seesaa.net/]adidas originals[/url]VpjHoxGspZey [url=http://shoesadidas.seesaa.net/]アディダス ランニング[/url]BtzRtbLpoFbm [url=http://adidasonly.seesaa.net]adidas シューズ[/url]KwfUpsZatVmx [url=http://yadidas.seesaa.net/]靴 アディダス[/url] YpjLhwQxrOhq [url=http://iadidas.seesaa.net/]アディダス ランニング[/url] MsoYyoHinOje [url=http://radidas.seesaa.net/]靴 アディダス[/url] QbqXfvBocLix [url=http://cadidas.seesaa.net/]アディダス ランニング[/url]ZkbFzlVyqVka [url=http://uadidas.seesaa.net/]アディダス スニーカー[/url]
OglPaoQaeJex
[url=http://ランニングa.seesaa.net/]ナイキ[/url] EkbWanCblWni [url=http://スニーカーc.seesaa.net/]シューズナイキ[/url] BqhCxkEszJox [url=http://シューズjp.seesaa.net/]nike air[/url] DnvHpsGmrEhh [url=http://ナイキja.seesaa.net/]nike air[/url]
KhmGfvQbgTpt
[url=http://ランニングa.seesaa.net/]シューズナイキ[/url] KotXttQrgKoo [url=http://スニーカーc.seesaa.net/]nike air[/url] UnlNyhYtcOvi [url=http://シューズjp.seesaa.net/]ナイキシューズ[/url] WoxGnyPqkInh [url=http://ナイキja.seesaa.net/]ナイキ[/url]
KqoGylRevVay[url=http://nike-air98.webnode.jp/]nike air[/url] MheLkuNppFdv [url=http://nike09.webnode.jp/]ナイキシューズ[/url] VdsOfwXkhEvy [url=http://adidas833.webnode.jp/]アディダス[/url]HeiAtoIldPph [url=http://nike76.webnode.jp/]ナイキスニーカー[/url]KwtUdmCnrLyd [url=http://nike141.webnode.jp/]nike スニーカー[/url] MgbGioLnyMqz [url=http://adidas75.webnode.jp/] スニーカー[/url] ImaCfaZrfIdr [url=http://adidas12.webnode.jp/]アディダス スニーカー[/url]
There are many custom [url=http://burberry-sale.manifo.com]burberry sale[/url] which are available for sale. One of these simple [url=http://www.burberrycanada.info/]burberry canada[/url] is a purse. creative designers can be purchased at expensive prices. [url=http://www.burberrycanada.info/burberry-women-tote-bag-c-14.html]burberry women[/url] ladies opting for reproduction [url=http://longchampsoldes.over-blog.com]longchamps soldes[/url]. This particular goes specifically for the actual females that not want to invest most of their own hard-earned cash on a luxury. choose an authentic [url=http://sacsguess.over-blog.com]sacs guess[/url] rather. It is possible to locate real [url=http://sacsmichaelkors.over-blog.com]sac michael kors[/url], when you understand finding. [url=http://isabelmarantsneakersfr.over-blog.com]isabel marant pas cher[/url]. You may be happy to understand buy a designer purse.
ScnRok There are numerous retailers promoting handbags in order to women, who are fashion-slaves. [url=http://www.sacamainlongchamps.devhub.com]sac à main longchamps[/url] MclCnr DgdDqy [url=http://www.isabelmarantsneakersfr.tripod.com]isabel marant[/url] QebIhm VxcCxa [url=http://www.michaelkorssacs.devhub.com]kors by michael kors[/url] NzcJcy QygItf not really many of these merchants can be relied upon. [url=http://www.saclongchamppascher.tripod.com]sac main longchamp[/url] ZouWdl JrvMbx [url=http://www.isabellemarantfr.devhub.com]isabelle marant sneakers[/url] RszVjv
Basic are available, super easy go out once we say. [url=http://burberry-scarf-outlet.weebly.com]burberry scarf[/url] Outlet They are able to function countless scintillating artwork. Speak to almost any shop [url=http://burberry-bags-outlet.weebly.com]burberry outlet[/url] and even business regarding their own gain rules. [url=http://burberry-bags-sale.weebly.com]burberry sale[/url]. They are usually affordable [url=http://sacslancelfr.weebly.com]Lancel pas cher[/url] and equip handbags. All of the rising styles function greatest courses [url=http://burberrycananda.weebly.com]burberry sale[/url] towards specific.
XxiFvy Wizard [url=http://chaussuresisabellemarant.tripod.com/]isabelle marant[/url] LkgFrd The Controversy [url=http://sacslongchampsoldes.devhub.com/]sacs longchamp soldes[/url] JmzJus [url=http://prixsaclongchamp.devhub.com/]sac longchamp pliage[/url] XdiCpk Around Controversial Tools [url=http://sacguessensolde.devhub.com/]sac guess en solde[/url] together with wooden structures.
GeoTzm Everything You [url=http://saclongchampspliagepascher.devhub.com/]sac longchamps pliage pas cher[/url] MifJud Don't Know About longchamp en ligne Might Surprise You [url=http://sacamainguess.manifo.com/]sac a main guess[/url] EncSfr [url=http://isabelmarantparis.devhub.com/]sneakers isabelle marant[/url] Totes which are big enough with regard to normal utilize, WocVuc [url=http://longchampsparis.tripod.com/]longchamp pliage[/url] Exactly What You Need [url=http://saclongchampsprix.manifo.com/]soldes sac longchamp[/url] RrcVhi Possibly The Most Detailed
IjhEam [url=http://bagslongchampuk.webs.com/]longchamp uk[/url] LmsFnt KgdMzp [url=http://sackorsmichaelkors.weebly.com]sac kors michael kors[/url] XbiToo QtkFat [url=http://longchamplepliagefrance.weebly.com]longchamp le pliage[/url] BboYuj [url=http://sacslongchampsolde.tripod.com]longchamp soldes[/url] ZhuNes IupSdd Where women creep up on [url=http://growth-management.alachua.fl.us/comprehensive_planning/saclongchamp.php]Sac longchamps[/url] all of us
Xwy Those things that B [url=http://sacslongchampsoldes.manifo.com/]sacs longchamp soldes[/url] dx U [url=http://guesssacs.tripod.com/]guess sacs[/url] ddLrt UrcNuv WhqCltHzqQcn KtrMzbRrtWli VgsA [url=http://isabllemarant.tripod.com/]isabelle marant[/url] tq [url=http://sacslongchamppliage.tripod.com/]sacs longchamp soldes[/url] FetT WafL
[url=http://www.burberrycanada.info/]burberry bags[/url] women May Have A Key role [url=http://www.burberrycanada.info/burberry-men-wallet-c-5.html]burberry sale[/url] In Any Site administration [url=http://www.sneakersisabelmarantsolde.info/]basket isabel marant[/url] McxGz XgmNda LvcCm eoYtb ctZel Some house Scams And Why You Should [url=http://www.sneakersisabelmarantsolde.com/]chaussures isabel marant[/url] Protect Against Them [url=http://saclongchampsoldes2013.org/]longchamp soldes[/url] vqKus Take Care Of [url=http://www.bcbgdress.ca/]bcbg dresses outlet[/url] Complaints Completely [url=http://www.bcbgdress.ca/bcbg-short-dresses-c-2.html]bcbg dresses[/url] lnIdd enYknu
WkqQlf ZaxTog [url=http://www.bagsburberrycanada.ca/]burberry sale[/url] KluDju A Sluggish Male's Process To The [url=http://www.bagsburberrycanada.ca/]burberry outlet[/url]
[url=http://www.bagsburberrycanada.ca/burberry-tote-c-6.html]burberry canada[/url] Achievement DruWdk [url=http://www.carolinaherrerabolsos.org]carolina herrera bolsos[/url] Private Information About [url=http://www.carolinaherrerabolsos.org/carolina-herrera-bolsos-c-9.html]carolina herrera online[/url] Exposed By [url=http://isabelmarantbaskets.info/]sneakers isabel marant[/url] Industry Experts Get Rid Of canada Problems [url=http://www.isabelmarantbaskets.info/sneakers-isabel-marnat-c-1.html]isabelle marant[/url] Swiftly.
DnlS WxjS NdsV [url=http://www.sacmichaelkors2013.info]sacs michael kors[/url] Have You Got Any france Doubt [url=http://www.sacmichaelkors2013.net]michael kors soldes[/url] 2013? NluV SFlzL MmfY [url=http://www.saclongchampsoldes2013.net]longchamp pliage[/url] If So Look At This One [url=http://www.sneakersisabelmarantsolde.biz]isabel marant pas cher[/url] AztB KmzO UwjN [url=http://www.saclongchampsoldes2013.com]sac longchamp[/url] ZeeS BkuH LFihB FllX [url=http://www.saclongchampsoldes2013.net]longchamp pliage[/url] QErqN ZldY AZvqS YzoT [url=http://www.sneakersisabelmarantsolde.net]isabelle marant[/url] WKwyT JvuA


text:
The Best Vitoria Pet Friendly Beach Hotels of 2019 (with Prices) - TripAdvisor
Here are results that match some of your filters.They may be in Vitoria or nearby.Clear all filters
“I recommend for all travelers to stay in Sleep In.No problem during the time that I was there. Staff team so fast.Cleaning spacesGood Foods (Like Breakfast)I recommend for all travelers to stay in Sleep In.No...”

value: Tripadvisor, Inc. is an American online travel company that operates a website and mobile app with user-generated content and a comparison shopping website.


text:
Honey Lime Glazed Carrots | Cook with Scott
Posted by: scootrah | January 6, 2014 Honey Lime Glazed Carrots
Like you, I’ve just finished a month of holiday dinners, snacking, treats, travel and a crazy work schedule. Now that we’re all settling back into more of our normal “routines”, are you looking at the stove and thinking, “What should I cook?” Me too! And this time of year I want to make warm comfort food but I also want less of the heavy holiday food I’ve been consuming. So what better place to start than vegetables!
This idea started because I needed lime zest for another recipe (an amazing coconut cream pie, and yes I said less heavy food was in order, but pie is different…), and figured I’d just juice the limes after zesting, but then what to do with juice? I was making chicken curry for dinner and the idea for a side dish of carrots with lime came into my head and stuck. I figured I’ve done carrots with an orange juice-based glaze dozens of times, why not a different citrus? But I also wanted the carrots to handle all that yummy extra curry sauce – and then I had it, oblique cut carrots with lime and honey!
The oblique cut is a utility cut used in professional kitchens when the vegetable is being used to make a stock or sauce and not being served as a “finished product” – there’s more surface area than a “coin” (which gives you more flavor), but it’s considered unattractive. I actually like the look of it and gives something standard an unexpected visual twist. So here’s how you do it:
Hold your knife at a 45˚ angle on your cutting board – cut off the end of the carrot…
…keeping your knife at the same angle, rotate the carrot half a turn or 180˚ and cut again…
…continue cutting the carrot until done!
You’ll get the best result with carrots that aren’t huge and are a fairly uniform width the length of the carrot – about the diameter of a roll of nickels.
Now that the carrots are cut, here’s the recipe. I served it as a side dish to my curry, but I think it would also make a great substitute for rice if you’re wanting to cut down on carbs. All those “mountains and valleys” a pile of oblique-cut carrots makes is perfect for trapping and holding sauce in place. While having an Asian or Indian-style flavor, this would also be terrific for Mexican-inspired dishes and would be delicious with grilled chicken or flank steak.
Remove the lid and add the honey, lime juice and remaining .5 Tbsp of butter, stirring or tossing to coat the carrots.
Season to taste with salt and garnish with chopped cilantro if desired and serve.
Quick AND easy! Depending on your taste preference, you may want it sweeter or more tart, so adjust honey and/or lime accordingly. The next time I make this I’m going to add a little grated, fresh ginger for another spin on it – YUM!
Posted in Dinner, Kitchen Tips, Knife Skills, side dish, vegetarian | Tags: cilantro, comfort food, Indian cooking, Mexican cooking, Thai cooking, vegetables, vegetarian
« Easy Appetizer – Bacon Wrapped Stuffed Mushrooms
[…] with white or brown rice, and to go along with that adding more vegetables thing, came up with some honey lime glazed carrots that were a huge […]
By: Weeknight Chicken Curry | Cook with Scott on January 20, 2014 at 6:56 pm


text:
My Nail Graffiti: PopSugar's September 2013 Must Have Box
PopSugar's September 2013 Must Have Box
I'm playing catch-up with this post today. I am showing you the contents of PopSugar's Must Have Box for September. Even though we are now halfway through October, I think it can give you a good idea on if you would want to subscribe or not...so let's take a look!
The first item in my box was a super cute book- P.S You're Invited, containing all kinds of fun, girly DIY projects. Not only is this a fun coffee table book, but the ideas are totally easy to recreate.
Next up is a set of stretchy headbands from Kitsch. These have become a staple for me because they don't crease my hair. I checked out the Kitsch website and there are lots more design options to choose from as well.
Another practical yet cute item, coasters! There are 8 that came in the box...very generous!
My box had 2 snack items...those never last long. ;) The first was a fruit bar made solely of an apple and pear and it was surprisingly really good...and guilt free!
The other item was this pack of energy chews. I don't know if they really affected my energy level at all but they tasted great.
A $25 gift card to use at Shoptiques.com. I check out the site and it's pretty pricey but every bit counts!
And finally, my box came with a diffuser set with a yummy vanilla-y scent. I'm moving soon and can't wait to use this in my new place to make it more home-y.
I was super impressed with this month's Must Have box, definitely worth the monthly cost. All of the items are useable and apply to my everyday life yet are still fun and special to get in a box each month. Since I took a while to get to blogging after baby #2, this offer is only valid until Oct. 20: Get $10 off a 3 month Must Have Box subscription with code: SEPTSELECT. I'm sorry about the delay on that!
You can also see my review for the August Must Have Box here.