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Ashoka - Bearsden, Glasgow - Restaurant Reviews, Phone Number & Photos - TripAdvisor
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Ashoka - Bearsden, Glasgow
Europe United Kingdom (UK) Scotland Glasgow Glasgow Restaurants Ashoka - Bearsden
Ashoka - Bearsden
#704 of 1,942 Restaurants in Glasgow $$ - $$$
Indian, Asian, Balti 9 Kirk Road | Bearsden, Glasgow G61 3RG, Scotland+44 141 570 0075Website
Also show MapSatellite Map updates are paused. Zoom in to see updated info. Reset zoom Updating Map... Return to Map Overview 4.0 175 reviewsExcellent58%Very good21%Average6%Poor6%Terrible9%Travelers talk about“curry” (20 reviews)“fish amritsari” (3 reviews)“gosht” (3 reviews)Closed NowSun - Sat5:00 pm - 11:00 pmAll hours CUISINES Indian, Asian, Balti, Eastern European, Vegetarian Friendly, Gluten Free Options PRICE $$ - $$$RATINGS ServiceFoodValueAtmosphereLOCATION 9 Kirk Road | Bearsden, Glasgow G61 3RG, ScotlandAll Details Improve This ListingCan a vegetarian person get a good meal at this restaurant?Yes No Unsure Can a gluten free person get a good meal at this restaurant?Yes No Unsure Is this restaurant good for business meetings?Yes No Unsure Is this restaurant romantic?Yes No Unsure Does this restaurant specialize in Balti food? Yes No Unsure Is this an Eastern European restaurant? Yes No Unsure Is this restaurant good for dinner?Yes No Unsure Does this restaurant accept reservations?Yes No Unsure Is this restaurant good for large groups?Yes No Unsure Is this restaurant good for special occasions?Yes No Unsure Thanks for helping! Share another experience before you go. Write a Review
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Bon MGlasgow, United Kingdom6433Reviewed yesterday via mobile Take awayDecided to have a take away and checked reviews on trip advisor for this joint. There was too many bad reviews by customers who had a take away or home delivery, so I decided not to have a main meal or the set menu deal,...MoreThank Bon M yaemanglasgow295Reviewed May 13, 2017 Visit with the wifeWell the ashoka is very nice inside , çhicken pakora dry , ,they dont use food colouring in this restuarant ,i heard ,anyway .,i have been eating indian food for 30 odd years and this was the worst chicken tandoori i have tasted it was...MoreThank yaeman Paul M31Reviewed April 30, 2017 Not a good curryThe food was really not good. It was not a proper curry. The staff was slow and spoke a very bad scottish (or what ever it was). A very poor experience I hope I will never have again.Thank Paul M Sandy WHamilton Parish, Bermuda94Reviewed April 17, 2017 service over the topFood was fine, prices reasonable, but the service was way over the top. We felt harassed - we were asked several times within 5 minutes to give in our order. Despite saying that we needed some time to peruse the menu, within 2 minutes a...MoreThank Sandy W GolgameshBearsden, United Kingdom5238Reviewed April 13, 2017 Best Local Indian Restaurant.Tried this take away service for the first time last night.
Food, first class.
Delivery,quick and driver courteous.
Would recommend to anyone.1 Thank Golgamesh A TripAdvisor Member326Reviewed March 29, 2017 via mobile Best Indian Food in The WestMy family and friends and I are regulars at the Ashoka in Bearsden. The quality, flavour and value for money are consistently excellent. The staff are friendly and service is spot on. Nice decor and ambience too.
We had the Fish Amritsari to start (soft...MoreThank A TripAdvisor Member Stephen ONorthampton, United Kingdom10670Reviewed March 3, 2017 Such good value...Good food..some interesting alternatives. Great for groups and families but also had lots of smaller tables in a mezzanine type lay-out so not crowded. Fast friendly service and 30% off on Tuesday and Wednesday...large Cider/special main and mushroom rice (all in good size portions -...MoreThank Stephen O jkarta1042Reviewed February 27, 2017 via mobile Avoid. A terrible representation of Indian food.I drove through from Clydebank to get a takeaway from here after having heard good things. Disappointed doesn't even begin to describe our experience. We had mixed pakora which consisted of overcooked and tastleless pieces of vegetable and mushroom pakora mixed in with chicken pakora...MoreThank jkarta DaljemStirlingshire10670Reviewed January 2, 2017 Still the best Indian restaurant aroundWe`ve been patrons of the Ashoka for years but, having moved away, hadn`t visited for many months. We booked for Hogmanay night and had a fabulous meal. No hiked up seasonal prices here, just consistently good food and service. Special recommendation goes to the Ashoka...MoreThank Daljem iain472Glasgow, United Kingdom56Reviewed October 23, 2016 Extremely DisappointingThree of us had a takeaway. Fish Pakora starters were ok, vegetable pakora very dry and tasteless, chicken pakora was dry. Nan bread was thin, dry and tasteless. Main dishes were far, far too hot and spicy. I ordered a creamy lamb jalfrezi, expecting this...MoreThank iain472 Updating list... Previous
Updating list... Nearby Nearby RestaurantsThe Burnbrae Bar and Restaurant608 reviews .96 miles away Grace & Favour161 reviews .10 miles away Massimo185 reviews .03 miles away Bar Florence42 reviews .11 miles away Nearby AttractionsKilmardinny Loch17 reviews .56 miles away Jurassic Parrr Adventure Golf86 reviews 2.34 miles away Antonine Wall Bearsden Bath House14 reviews .24 miles away West Highland Way38 reviews 1.50 miles away Questions & AnswersGet quick answers from Ashoka - Bearsden staff and past visitors.Note: your question will be posted publicly on the Questions & Answers page.Verification: Posting guidelinesSubmit
Indian, Asian, Balti, Eastern European, Vegetarian Friendly, Gluten Free Options
Delivery, Takeout, Seating, Waitstaff, Highchairs Available, Serves Alcohol, Full Bar, Reservations
9 Kirk Road | Bearsden, Glasgow G61 3RG, Scotland Location:
+44 141 570 0075
E-mail Description Opting for an avant garde approach in the kitchen and keeping the ambience stylish and contemporary, if a bit ritzy, Ashoka Bearsden in Kirk Road offers curry lovers a sanctuary in which they can cultivate their passion. For special occasions, the Harlequin Suite provides the space and privacy to celebrate with panache. Dinner at Ashoka Bearsden can open with chicken breast, haggis or mushroom pakora, spicy chicken wings or crispy mixed vegetable tempura. The menu's connoisseur's choice serves up main course options of diced lamb Bombay style, chicken with red peppers, spinach and garam masala, marinated chicken with tomato and black pepper and Himalayan hot pot with lamb or chicken. There's also south Indian garlic chilli chicken bursting with hot and spicy flavours. Sundries of poppadoms, spiced onions, mango pickle and raita keep company along with sides of pilau rice and naan bread.

value: Tripadvisor, Inc. is an American online travel company that operates a website and mobile app with user-generated content and a comparison shopping website.


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my Boldog | Life and Thoughts
« An afternoon at Arbor Hills
My 10th year in US of A »
my Boldog
April 30, 2011 by Yabi
Boldog is a Hungarian word which means Happy 🙂 … and I named my Ipad2 as Boldog. I like giving names to my toys, cars, house – yeah i love to give names 😛
April 30 is a special day for me… 3 years ago i got my Green Card on this day. And today I got Boldog.
I was really surprised 🙂 … and so happy to receive Boldog. It’s not because it’s the in thing nowadays or because of any other reason but the effort of waking up early and going to the store early… fall in line and wait because ipad2 are limited in Apple Store at the moment.
Thank You! … You know that You are the Best… and You are special 🙂

type: global

value: WordPress (WP, WordPress.org) is a free and open-source content management system (CMS) written in PHP and paired with a MySQL or MariaDB database. Features include a plugin architecture and a template system, referred to within WordPress as Themes.


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Possibility of New Highview Playground Use During Recess - Schools - Nanuet, NY Patch
Possibility of New Highview Playground Use During Recess
The subject will be further discussed at the next Board of Education meeting Oct. 11. Give your two cents in the comments or take the poll below
(Editor) , September 28, 2011 at 07:34 PM
With the Build Dates fast approaching for the new Highview Playground (Oct. 5 - 9), it's at the front of many people's minds. At the school board meeting last night, it was brought to the table about the possibility of allowing Highview Elementary students go to the playground during recess.
"I would like to discuss with the Board about allowing recess at Highview school to resume where the kids would walk across the street and are able to have recess both behind the school as well as at this new playground," said Superintendent Mark McNeill. "I want them to be able to have the experience of playing on the playground on a daily basis."
This issue was put on the table at the meeting and the board decided to return to the issue at a future board meeting. Here are some of the issues and concerns that came up:
Playground Behind Highview & Crosswalk
"It was an intersection of a lot of events taking place back then," said McNeill. "The (previous wooden castle) playground had not past inspection. It was 20 years old and had to be taken down. At the time, there was contemplation of putting something back there (behind Highview Elementary), but there was no contemplation that another Highview Playground would be developed. So being proactive, we put another playground in the back of Highview and we said, 'Now we won't have the kids walking across the street.' The impression was that there wasn't going to be another big playground across the street for kids to go play on anyway."
"It's changed, the environment has changed," McNeill continued. "Now there's this beautiful new playground and to me, the kids in Highview, they're looking across the street. How many of them have parents who helped build that. Is it fair to them to say no? It's a value judgment. Back when the playground was up, that's where recess took place. That's probably the best recess kids had and run around in that Highview Community Playground. I'm just throwing it on the table. Yes, we added a playground in the back, but conditions were different then and now we do have a playground across the street."
"We put that playground behind Highview and that was because we didn't want the kids to cross the street," said Board Member Sarah Chauncey. "Why are we changing this now?"
"The big problem the last time was because of the crossing," said Board President Anne Byrne.
"Right now, Clarkstown has the documents and the engineers are going to be meet," said McNeill. "They (met) and did the original report without speaking to the school district or the principal of the school. The engineer the district hired categorically rejects the recommendations of that engineer's report. It'll be up to the town. The town may side with that original (report) and say you have to have the crosswalk right there along Church Street. We had an there with a student there a few weeks ago right at that intersection. I think that if there were a need ... to evacuate, she's not going to go to that intersection, (Barbara Auriemma) she's going to go right across the street where it's safest, where the crosswalk used to be, to the playground evacuation area."
"One of the major things is where the town is going to put that crosswalk," said Byrne. "When they put it at the intersection, we knew it was very (dangerous) for kids to walk down to that intersection and cross the street so we won't use it. That's why it's crucial that (we know the town's decision."
"I guess the concern with the town is that when you make that left coming up, you're whipping around the corner," said Board Vice President Ron Hansen.
"The old crosswalk provided enough of a buffer to get kids safely across," said Steven Schlanger, assistant superintendent.
Tot Lot Access
"My only concern is that parents have come out and invested a lot of money and effort to create this playground," said Chauncey. "They may feel that now they want to be out with their young children during the day while their kids are not in school yet. And we're telling them that between these hours, they can't use the playground."
"They're going to have a tot lot now. What we used to do is have toddlers not allowed to be there (at the previous wooden castle park playground) during that period of (recess) time. Are we still stating that?," asked Board Member Karen Franchino. "Is it going to be open to the public during the same time children are having recess? This new playground has an actual area for toddlers and we won't be using that."
"That (tot lot) area's not meant for older kids and it's fenced in from the rest of the playground," said Krista Vasti, design chair for the Highview Playground.
"I think the sign should say that it's closed between 11 a.m. and 1 p.m.," said Schlanger. "It's the liability. You're going to have a hundred or so students running around the rest of the playground. I would recommend not allowing small children in there at the same time."
"Maybe it could be a couple days a week or something a little more balanced," said CJ Bottitta, Vice President of the Highview Playground.
"It's going to be difficult for people, while school's in session, to find a place to park to use that playground. It's really going to be the people who have strollers and are able to walk nearby. We have teachers right now that park on the north side of Grace Baptist Church and they're walking to work. There's no sidewalk. Where are people going to park when school's in session anyway?
"My understanding is that the pastor of the church said it's no problem with people using his parking lot to use the playground," said Franchino. "His problem would basically be on a Sunday when there are services. He's been very supportive."
"It's a very finite portal to get to the tot lot," said Bottitta. "It's pretty defined for security reasons."
"I do think we need to revisit the 11-1 (recess time)," said Hansen.
"Two Board members are also not here with us tonight so we'll put it on a future agenda when we know what the town's decision on where this crosswalk will be and we have some more data on park usage by the little ones," said Byrne. "I think we need to get it on a future agenda once we know what the town's decision is on the crosswalk. When we have that decision, the playground will be up and going, we'll be able to see what kind of traffic there is over there during the day. Then we'll talk about the (recess) hours. We'll put it on the next board meeting. Until then, it'll be as (a community) playground."
The next board meeting is 7 p.m. Oct. 11 at the Nanuet High School.
I feel that before any decision is made on whether or not the students should be allowed to cross the street during school hours, a very important issue should be addressed first. That issue being the problem of driver's speeding through the Church St. and Highview Ave. intersection and speeding in general in that area. It would be good if this could be discussed with the Clarkstown Police to make sure the speed limit in this school zone is enforced. The safety of all the children should be our first concern.
Maureen Nicolich
September 29, 2011 at 02:54 PM
The school children should definitely be allowed to play on the new playground. Many of them have been involved in the entire planning process and have heard all about it for the last year. To say they cannot play on it at recess would be very unfair. While it is true that there is a playground behind the building, they really only added one piece to it last year when the castle playground was taken down. Furthermore, there is very limited parking space for those conducting business at Highview during the day. If the playground is open to the public, those spots will likely be filled with people using the playground.

value: Patch.com is an American local news and information platform, primarily owned by Hale Global. As of June 2019, Patch's more than 100 journalists operated some 1,227 hyperlocal news websites, which also have an information component, in 50 U.S. states and Washington, D.C.Patch Media Corporation is the operator of the service.


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Government-backed Confucius Institute Unwelcome at University, Says Canadian Professor « Status of Chinese People
« China Unlikely to Ease Crackdown on Shouwang House Church
Shoe attack on China web censorship creator Fang Binxing sparks online buzz »
As an academic who believes in the importance of maintaining academic autonomy and freedom, the CI represents a very direct and serious threat. In the first place, the CI is an agency directly operated by the Beijing government (as part of the Ministry of Education). It is not an arms-length cultural agency like Alliance Française or the Goethe Institute. Because the CIs are generally located on the campuses of universities, and operate under the aegis of universities, this implies that the Chinese government is in effect offering courses on Chinese culture and history with the blessing of the Canadian universities involved.
This is a situation without precedent in Canada, so far as I am aware. Foreign governments often provide funding to universities to support the teaching of their national culture and language, but this is traditionally in the form of grants to existing academic programs with few, if any, strings attached.
To me, and I believe many other Canadian academics, it does not matter which government might be involved, whether it be Finland or Brazil or China, national governments should not be given the means and opportunity to disseminate their version of national history and culture under the aegis of an institution that is mandated to pursue independent and unbiased research.
The Chinese government all too obviously has a particularly distorted version of Chinese culture and history that it wishes the present to the world.
The CI gives Beijing the opportunity to tell its story within the legitimizing framework of foreign universities. This is a brilliant way of serving up a poorly disguised form of propaganda to the young Canadians who attend our universities and colleges. It also serves the purpose of limiting the ability of other voices to tell a different story. That is not what universities in Canada are about.
It is difficult to know the exact impact of a given CI on a particular university and its students. It depends how large the CI is and what kind of courses they are able to teach, as well as what other programs they develop. Obviously, if the CI represents “China” or “Chineseness” on a campus, there will be a strong tendency to accept what it offers as the source of information about the legitimate and true state of affairs about Chinese national issues and Chinese culture in general. This is clearly not a good situation for those who take issue with the official Beijing version of China and Chineseness.
For example, the CI will and must (according to its own statutes) inform anyone who will listen that Tibet, Xinjiang, and Taiwan are now and always have been inalienable Chinese territories. This is manifestly false in historical terms, and for Tibetans, Uyghurs, and 23 million Taiwanese, it is a denial of their fundamental human right to self-determination. The designation of Falun Gong and certain forms of Christianity as “heterodox” and dangerous cults is also not only a slander of those religions, but a clear violation of China’s own constitutional guarantee of religious freedom.
But if the CI on campus presents the government’s falsehoods as incontestable truth, students and the university community in general will be forced to accept them as true, or at least remain silent lest they offend the CI personnel (who might decide to leave and take their money with them).
Recently the Government of India placed a blanket ban on the establishments of Confucius Institutes in that country. The reason being that they simply were not comfortable with the relationship that exists between the two countries, especially considering that China still has ongoing territorial disputes with India.
India is currently seeking to expand its expertise in Chinese language and culture, but they are doing it through their own governmental and academic structures. I would be overjoyed if the Canadian government adopted a similar policy on the CIs.
There is ample reason to believe that China has less than wholesome intentions with regard to Canadian politics, technology, defence strategy, and business. Why would they be spending so much time hacking into sensitive computer networks and courting political and business officials if they were hoping for a completely friendly and transparent relationship with us?
This entry was posted on May 19, 2011 at 8:48 pm	and is filed under China, Education, News, Politics, Propaganda, World.


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Exploring the Fun Cube Pro | SDR for VHF and UHF …
Exploring the Fun Cube Pro
SDR for VHF and UHF …
HomeGetting StartedHardwareSoftwareLinksAbout
More on The Noise Figure …	Posted on November 22, 2012	by Peter and Marla Here is a brief update on the noise figure discussion …
Earlier in the year I corresponded with Elonics about the noise figure. They told me that although the best case noise figure is under 4dB, the worst case noise figure is significantly higher. Further inquiries elicited the information that the maximum noise figure is around 14dB and occurs in the VHF range. This explains completely why there is 20dB of relatively low noise gain in front of the Elonics tuner chip …
The Noise Figure Trap	Posted on January 19, 2012	by Peter and Marla For the purposes of this discussion it will be sufficient to treat noise figure as a relative figure of merit. The conventional wisdom concerning noise figures can then be summarized as follows:
Noise figure is expressed in dB. Smaller numbers correspond to lower noise and a greater ability to detect weak signals. It is not possible to have a noise figure less than 0 dB. In the context of amplifier noise figures, 8 dB is extremely poor, 5 dB is poor, 3 dB is reasonable, 2 dB is good, 1.5 dB is very good and anything below 1 dB is truly excellent. Mixer stages are generally noisier than amplifier stages. Each stage of a receiver contributes to the overall noise figure of a receiver, but the relative contribution of each stage is reduced by the cumulative gain of the preceding stages.
Two consequences of this conventional wisdom are as follows. If the first stage of amplification has a reasonably high gain, it will effectively determine the overall noise figure of a receiver; and the use of a stage of low noise amplification before a noisy mixer will greatly reduce the impact of mixer noise on the overall noise figure. Both considerations support the use of a stage of low noise amplification with reasonably high gain prior to the first mixer. How much low noise gain is needed? Most engineers would say somewhere between 10dB and 20dB.
With this background, consider the FCD Pro. The LNA of the E4000 has a nominal noise figure of <4dB. This is acceptable for consumer TV applications. Depending on the overall configuration of the receiving station (including the antenna, and perhaps a preamplifier) it may also be acceptable in the context of the Fun Cube satellite project. However, when the FCD Pro marketed as having general broad-band capabilities there are applications, including ham radio applications, for which a noise figure of ~4dB is unacceptably high.
The noise figure trap is that lowering the noise figure from ~4dB to ~2.3 dB increases the gain in front of the mixer by up to 24 dB. This results in the default gain of the FCD Pro from antenna to mixer output reaching close to 60dB (with up to +24dB from the BGA2717 amplifier, + 20 dB from the E4000 LNA and + 15 dB from the mixer.) The gain can be brought back down towards 20 dB if the gain of the E4000′s LNA and mixers are set at their minimum values – but lowering the gain seems counter-intuitive to casual users. Faced with a seemingly deaf receiver, their instinct will be to increase the gain of the E4000′s LNA to 30 dB, not to reduce it to -5dB!
There can be situations in which the uncontrolled gain of the BGA2717 alone is high enough to cause problems. In this case it may be helpful to put an attenuator in front of the FCD Pro. Other things being equal, overload problems get worse when a preamplifier is used in front of the FCD Pro. With another 20 dB of gain from a preamplifier, the total gain between the antenna and the mixer can be around 80 db. This corresponds to a voltage gain of around 10,000, which is much too high for a wideband system with puny little mixers.
The Elonics E4000 Tuner IC	Posted on January 17, 2012	by Peter and Marla The heart of the FCD Pro is the E4000 low power multi-band tuner IC. This IC was designed by a fabless IC design company called Elonics. News releases indicate that the E4000 is manufactured in a modern 90nm mixed-signal CMOS process offered by IBM. Appendix A of An Introduction to the Funcube Dongle provides a basic information sheet for the E4000. Information sheets for the E4000 and other products can also be accessed at the Elonics website. In order to obtain additional technical information, it is necessary to sign a non-disclosure agreement (NDA) with the company. The discussion in this post is based solely on the content of the information sheet.
So Much Gain, So Little Filtering …	Posted on January 16, 2012	by Peter and Marla The FCD Pro is not really a ‘plug and play USB Software Defined Radio.’ OK, it is plug and play with respect to the drivers that are used by the operating system; it uses a USB interface; and it is a software defined radio. However, the user has to locate, download and install some additional programs in order for the FCD Pro to do anything – and at that point its utility may be limited significantly by a high susceptibility to overload. This susceptibility is due to too much broadband RF gain and too little RF filtering. Overloading leads to desensitization, which manifests itself as apparent deafness. It is ironic that having too much gain causes receivers to become insensitive …
The most appropriate solutions for an overload problem depend on the local electromagnetic environment, the specific applications of interest, and the characteristics of the antennas that are being used to receive signals of interest. The gain problem can often be addressed adequately by lowering the gains of the LNA, mixer and baseband amplifier stages and (if this was not done during the initial setup) by lowering the ‘microphone’ level that is set in the host computer. In the most severe cases of overloading an external attenuator may be required. The filtering problem can be addressed using a passive filter or a preamp – but losses associated with passive filters degrade signal to noise ratios, and the additional gain associated with a preamplifier will tend to exacerbate the gain problem. Relatively expert users can achieve excellent results – but it is very easy for less expert users to experience disappointing results.
I view the FCD Pro as an innovative foundation for software defined radio systems. I am perfectly willing to select antennas, adjust gain parameters, and augment RF filtering, in whatever ways are appropriate for applications that I am interested in …
The inherent sensitivity of the unit seems to be very good. After reducing the gain sufficiently to avoid obvious manifestations of overload I can hear my local NOAA station on 162.4 MHz without any antenna, and I can pick up several commercial FM stations using an unwound paper clip as an antenna. FM stations sound distorted, because the receiver bandwidth is a less than the modulation bandwidth, but they provide useful sources of signals when making gain adjustments.
Hello FCD Pro!	Posted on January 15, 2012	by Peter and Marla The FCD Pro is a USB dongle that contains the hardware and firmware of an innovative software-defined receiver that works at VHF, UHF and low microwave frequencies. The product created a lot of excitement when it was first announced. The supply was limited to batches of 100 units at a time, and each new batch sold out within minutes.
The supply of units eventually caught up to demand. In August 2011 I purchased a unit out of inventory. Two days later a package arrived at my QTH in Arizona. It contained unit #2748 in an anti-static envelope inside a little plastic box, with a sheet of paper informing me that the unit is ‘a plug and play USB Software Defined Radio (SDR) that is compatible with many operating systems and software.’ The sheet of paper specified a web site from which to download software for setting the center frequency, and advised me to ‘keep an eye on the site for upgraded firmware.’ I immediately recognized a case of missing manual syndrome! Installing and using the FCD Pro was going to require some time and effort …
I was not surprised by the fragmentary nature of the documentation. Talented engineers invariably try to avoid the tedious and time-consuming task of documenting a product in a way that will serve the needs of a broad range of users. In the case of the FCD Pro there is sufficient documentation to meet the needs of motivated experimenters who have an idea of what they are doing – but there is not enough documentation for people who want to plug-and-play. I decided to experiment as soon as I had some time …
Several weeks elapsed before I got around to setting up the unit. I went to the suggested web site, downloaded a few documents and followed the instructions. The process was not difficult – but nor was it entirely problem-free. As I became familiar with the unit I started to see why some people are delighted by its capabilities while others become frustrated with it. The FCD Pro is innovative and provides excellent value for money – but it is not a turn-key appliance. Users need to understand the limitations of the units and how to work around them. This blog offers my perspectives on these topics.
I do not claim to be an expert on the FCD Pro, software defined radio architectures, or other topics that I will be discussing, My goal is to help other people to get started with the FCD Pro and to use it effectively. If the material proves useful, and if I become qualified to do so, I will even write the first draft of the missing user manual. Please use the comments to point out my errors and misconceptions, and to offer alternative perspectives on any of the topics that I cover. Welcome to my journey of discovery!
Recent Posts	More on The Noise Figure …
The Noise Figure Trap
The Elonics E4000 Tuner IC
So Much Gain, So Little Filtering …
Hello FCD Pro!
Recent Comments	drtune on Hello FCD Pro!Noise Figure on The Noise Figure Trap	Archives	November 2012
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The High-Tech Texan Blog: UPDATE: New iPods Coming
I rarely visit the Apple web site but I happened to check their online store this morning to see if they carried an iPod accessory I was looking for. The online store appears to be down at the moment, perhaps in anticipation of a whole new line of products to be introduced this afternoon.
If rumors and blog speculation hold true, Apple will announce a touch-screen iPod with a 3.5-inch display at a San Fran media event. Other rumors suggest that iPods will have some sort of wireless capability (imagine that, a wireless way to download songs to a mobile device).
In related news from Microsoft that they say is unrelated (whatever), the Zune price is dropping $50 to $199. Microsoft says the cut is "part of the normal product lifecycle, something we've had on the books for months." Wonder why it took them so long to discount the popular Xbox???
Microsoft continues to chip away at Apple news today by stating that a mobile phone based on it's Zune digital media player 'is not an unreasonable move'. I'd like to go on the record now stating that I may turn my car into a spaceship. I think they are as many Zune players in the market as I have cars.
I did just provide NewsRadio 740 KTRH with comments on Google's rumored mobile phone. The "GPhone" could possibly offer free wireless service in exchange for listening or watching advertisements. If any company is in the position of bringing a deal like this to market it is Google. They have extensive relationships with the advertising and mobile communities plus have pockets so deep Bill Gates may ask to borrow lunch money. No confirmed plans or date of the GPhone.
UPDATE: Wi-Fi, Starbuck, Ringtones, iPod Touch, oh my.....
UP-UP-DATE...I wish I could sell these things. My inbox is overloaded with questions about the new iPods; it would be simple to link to my online store and sell them. But since I haven't touched or heard them for myself yet all you get is conjecture...
iPod Touch - Looks like an iPhone. Feels like an iPhone. No phone. I hate to say I told you so but harken back to my first full review of the iPhone on July 1 (paragraph 10 to be specific).
"This is an iPod"
And now the Apple designers took the sleek touch-screen design of the iPhone and removed the phone. Since I'm not a fanboy of stuff like this I'll let you read the early thoughts from TechCrunch. It ain't "sliced bread."
iPod Nano - Squattier but it had to be to add a 2-inch display for video. Apple says its thinner than the current Nano and has a 65% brighter screen with higher resolution. 4GB and 8GB starting at $149.
iPod Classic - Roll out an older model with a few improvements, slap on the word "Classic" and you've got a must-have product. Maybe. Thinner, all-metal design and it can hold up to 160GB (as every model should).
Apple said it is cutting the price of the 8GB iPhone by $200. That's a hefty 33% off the initial price two months ago. Sorry for all you early adopters (including me) but at least we made a lot of friends and got a lot of looks in July, huh? The 4GB model won't exist as it shouldn't have even been made in the first place.
iPhoners wanting personalized ringtones finally get their wish. $1.98 gets you a song download and a 30-second snippet of that song to use a ringtone. You can have up to 30 different ringers.
A new Wi-Fi iTunes Music store will be released where users can download songs to the iPod Touch. Music will be synced to iTunes when connected to a computer. Better news - and a long time coming - this service will be coming to the iPhone in about a month.
Steve Jobs touted a new relationship with Starbucks. In the iTunes music store, when you get near a specially-equipped Starbucks a special feature will launch letting you see what song is playing at the shop and a one-touch button to buy it. Who the hell cares what song is playing at Starbucks?? And what about us who don't drink coffee? Big deal.
Your turn. Thoughts???
posted by The High-Tech Texan at 11:54 AM
Wow. You sure you haven't played with these yet?
I'll think about an iphone now that they are cheaper. $400 is still too much.
By Allison, at 6:31 PM

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Patent US6961214 - Refinement of spindle motor bearing gap - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA method and system is provided for achieving good dynamic performance and negligible wear to spindle motor components. In an aspect, a disc drive storage system is provided having a hydro bearing surface coating for meeting bearing gap tolerance design specifications. In an aspect, the surface coating...http://www.google.com/patents/US6961214?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6961214 - Refinement of spindle motor bearing gapAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS6961214 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 10/458,500Publication dateNov 1, 2005Filing dateJun 10, 2003Priority dateDec 19, 2002Fee statusPaidAlso published asUS20040120072Publication number10458500, 458500, US 6961214 B2, US 6961214B2, US-B2-6961214, US6961214 B2, US6961214B2InventorsMohammad Mahbubul Ameen, Raquib Uddin KhanOriginal AssigneeSeagate Technology LlcExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (1), Referenced by (8), Classifications (7), Legal Events (6) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetRefinement of spindle motor bearing gap
US 6961214 B2Abstract
A method and system is provided for achieving good dynamic performance and negligible wear to spindle motor components. In an aspect, a disc drive storage system is provided having a hydro bearing surface coating for meeting bearing gap tolerance design specifications. In an aspect, the surface coating is a non-reactive coating of diamond like carbon (DLC), applied with physical vapor deposition (PVD). In an aspect, the surface coating nullifies any taper of an opposing surface coating. In an aspect, the hydro bearing, with an applied coating, defines a uniform gap between 0.5 microns and 6 microns.
a housing having a central axis; a stationary component that is fixed with respect to the housing and coaxial with the central axis; a rotatable component that is rotatable about the central axis with respect to the stationary component; a data storage disc attached to and coaxial with the rotatable component; an actuator supporting a head proximate to the data storage disc for communicating with the disc; and a hydro bearing defining a gap and interconnecting the stationary component and the rotatable component and having surfaces separated by a lubricant, wherein a surface of at least one of the stationary component and the rotatable component has a tapered surface coating. 2. The disc drive storage system as in claim 1, wherein the stationary component comprises a shaft and the rotatable component comprises at least one of a sleeve and a hub.
3. The disc drive storage system as in claim 2, wherein the sleeve is a conical sleeve.
4. The disc drive storage system as in claim 1, wherein the surface coating is a non-reactive material for meeting gap tolerance design specifications and for achieving good dynamic performance and negligible wear to motor components.
5. The disc drive storage system as in claim 4, wherein the non-reactive material is selected from the group consisting of carbon and diamond like carbon (DLC).
6. The disc drive storage system as in claim 1, wherein the surface coating comprises a first tapered coating on the stationary component and a second tapered coating on the rotatable component, wherein the first tapered coating substantially nullifies the taper of the second tapered coating.
7. The disc drive storage system as in claim 1, wherein the hydro bearing having a coating and defining a gap is a uniform distance between 0.5 microns and 6 microns.
8. The disc drive storage system as in claim 7, wherein the hydro bearing having a coating and defining a gap has a tolerance of 10%, and wherein the coating thickness is in a range of 0.1 microns to 5.0 microns.
9. The disc drive storage system as in claim 1, wherein the hydro bearing having a coating and defining a gap has a variable distance between 0.5 microns and 6 microns.
10. The disc drive storage system as in claim 1, further comprising:
a stator that is fixed with respect to the housing; and a rotor supported by the rotatable component and magnetically coupled to the stator. 11. A spindle motor comprising:
a housing having a central axis; a stationary component that is fixed with respect to the housing and coaxial with the central axis; a rotatable component that is rotatable about the central axis with respect to the stationary component; and a hydro bearing defining a gap and interconnecting the stationary component and the rotatable component and having surfaces separated by a lubricant, wherein a surface of at least one of the stationary component and the rotatable component has a tapered surface coating. 12. The spindle motor as in claim 11, wherein the stationary component comprises a shaft and the rotatable component comprises at least one of a sleeve and a hub.
13. The spindle motor as in claim 12, wherein the sleeve is a conical sleeve.
14. The spindle motor as in claim 11, wherein the surface coating is a non-reactive material for meeting gap tolerance design specifications and for achieving good dynamic performance and negligible wear to motor components.
15. The spindle motor as in claim 14, wherein the non-reactive material is selected from the group consisting of carbon and diamond like carbon (DLC).
16. The spindle motor as in claim 11, wherein the surface coating comprises a first tapered coating on the stationary component and a second tapered coating on the rotatable component, and wherein the first tapered coating substantially nullifies the taper of the second tapered coating.
17. The spindle motor as in claim 11, wherein the hydro bearing having a coating and defining a gap is a uniform distance between 0.5 microns and 6 microns.
18. The spindle motor as in claim 17, wherein the hydro bearing having a coating and defining a gap has a tolerance of 10%, and wherein the coating thickness is in a range of 0.1 microns to 5.0 microns.
19. The spindle motor as in claim 11, wherein the hydro bearing having a coating and defining a gap has a variable distance between 0.5 microns and 6 microns.
20. The spindle motor as in claim 11, further comprising:
a stator that is fixed with respect to the housing; and a rotor supported by the rotatable component and magnetically coupled to the stator. 21. In a spindle motor comprising a housing having a central axis, a stationary component that is fixed with respect to the housing and coaxial with the central axis, a rotatable component that is rotatable about the central axis with respect to the stationary component, and a hydro bearing defining a gap and interconnecting the stationary component and the rotatable component and having surfaces separated by a lubricant, a method of achieving good dynamic performance and negligible wear to motor components comprising applying a tapered coating to a surface of at least one of the stationary component and the rotatable component.
22. The method as in claim 21, wherein coating a surface comprises sputtering a surface of at least one of a sleeve and a hub.
23. The method as in claim 22, wherein sputtering a surface comprises utilizing physical vapor deposition (PVD).
24. The method as in claim 21, wherein coating a surface comprises sputtering a surface of at least one of the stationary component and the rotatable component, and wherein the hydro bearing having a coating defines a uniform gap between 0.5 microns and 6 microns.
25. The method as in claim 21, wherein coating a surface comprises sputtering with a non-reactive material selected from the group consisting of carbon and diamond like carbon (DLC).
26. The method as in claim 21, wherein the stationary component and the rotatable component function in a predetermined orientation;
wherein coating a surface comprises sputtering particles from a target onto the stationary component from a first direction relative to the predetermined orientation, and subsequently sputtering particles onto the rotatable component from a second direction relative to the predetermined orientation; wherein the first direction is substantially 180 degrees with respect to the second direction; and wherein a taper coating on the stationary component substantially nullifies a taper coating on the rotatable component. 27. The method as in claim 21, further comprising varying the aspect ratio of a female bearing motor part to adjust the thickness gradient of the coating.
28. The method as in claim 21, wherein coating a surface comprises sputtering a surface of a conical sleeve.
This application is based on provisional application Ser. No. 60/435,673, filed Dec. 19, 2002, entitled A Novel Approach To Adjust Bearing Gap In Sputter Coated Parts Of Spindle Motors In Disk Drives Application, and assigned to the assignee of this application and incorporated herein by reference.
The invention relates generally to spindle motors, and more particularly to refinement of hydrodynamic bearing assemblies that provide support and rotation for spindle components in disc drive data storage systems.
The use of disc drive systems are currently moving beyond computers into other devices including digital cameras, digital video recorders (DVR), laser printers, photo copiers and personal music players. Disc drive memory systems are used for storage of digital information that can be recorded on concentric tracks of a magnetic disc medium. Several discs are rotatably mounted on a spindle, and the information, which can be stored in the form of magnetic transitions within the discs, is accessed using read/write heads or transducers. The read/write heads are located on a pivoting arm that moves radially over the surface of the disc. The read/write heads must be accurately aligned with the storage tracks on the disc to ensure the proper reading and writing of information.
Discs are rotated at high speeds during operation using an electric motor located inside a hub or below the discs. One type of motor is known as an in-hub or in-spindle motor, which typically has a spindle mounted by means of a bearing system to a motor shaft disposed in the center of the hub. One of the bearings is located near the top of the spindle and the other near the bottom. The bearings permit rotational movement between the shaft and the hub, while maintaining alignment of the spindle to the shaft.
In a hydrodynamic bearing system, a lubricating fluid (gas or liquid) serves as the media to create pressure between a stationary base or housing and a rotating spindle or rotating hub. The dimensions of the gap between the rotating component and the stationary component of the motor must be tightly controlled to obtain good dynamic performance. The dynamic performance of a hydrodynamic motor is a function of the gap since gap pressure affects dynamic performance, and hydrodynamic and hydrostatic bearings utilize pressures. That is, a hydrodynamic bearing is a self-pumping bearing that generates a pressure internally to maintain a fluid film separation. A hydrostatic bearing requires an external pressurized fluid source to maintain the fluid separation.
Metal sections of the hydro bearing system are machined, making it difficult to obtain a gap with uniform or specified dimensions in a repeatable fashion and resulting in variations in the manufacturing process. The tight control required to produce small dimensions of the gap (in some applications 2 or 3 microns between the adjacent surfaces of a stationary shaft and rotating sleeve) makes precision machining bearing components difficult and costly. Precision machining is especially expensive when utilized to create a uniform surface on both a shaft and a sleeve. A bearing gap, in particular sections, should remain uniform and constant. When the bearing gap varies, nonrepetitive runout (NRRO), as well as other bearing performances are effected. Coating the bearing gap surfaces (i.e. shaft or sleeve surface) using a conventional sputtering process is unsatisfactory and inadequate since a coating thickness variation, a taper, and a variable bearing gap results. Further, there is a trend to decrease the aspect ratio (depth to width ratio) in sleeves. Moreover, there is a trend to evermore decrease bearing clearances to achieve greater recording densities. Additionally, gap variations may be specified in design, making the manufacturing process even more difficult.
Furthermore, it has become essential to select suitable material pairs that ensure negligible wear during operation of the motor. This is especially true in the case of mobile applications that must be shock-resistant, under both operating and non-operating conditions, and where precision parts are essential and gap tolerance is tight.
The present invention provides a system and process to provide and maintain precision parts in spindle motors. A tight and uniform bearing gap within a specified tolerance is provided in a repeatable process, and thus good dynamic performance is achieved. Further, the present invention provides a system and process to maintain negligible wear to motor components. The improved bearing gap can be utilized in spindle motors in disk drive applications.
In an embodiment of the present invention, features of the invention are achieved by coating spindle motor parts using a sputtering system, such as physical vapor deposition (PVD). A non-reactive hard coating of carbon or diamond-like carbon (DLC) is applied to one or both of the contacting surfaces. In one example, the contacting surfaces include a shaft and a sleeve. DLC is sputtered onto the shaft from one area of the spindle motor, followed by sputtering onto the sleeve from an area opposite of the motor. A tapered coating on the shaft substantially nullifies a tapered coating on the sleeve. In an embodiment of the present invention, the sputtering system uses the same process parameters for both the male and female parts (i.e. shaft and sleeve) during coating operations. In another embodiment, the thickness gradient of the coating is adjusted by varying the aspect ratio of the female bearing part (i.e. sleeve).
In an embodiment, the present invention overcomes the difficult and expensive task of achieving a uniform gap, conventionally attempted by precision machining adjacent bearing gap components, including shaft and sleeve surfaces. For example, when precision machining is utilized on a male surface (and results in a machined taper), the present invention provides a method of coating the adjacent and associated female surface with a tapered coating, such that any gap variation is nullified. In another embodiment of the present invention, a coating is applied to both male and female surfaces. By employing a coating, good dynamic performance and negligible wear is achieved to motor components, namely the shaft and sleeve.
Further, in an embodiment, protection is provided against outgassing of motor components and a neutral or non-reactive surface is created that does not promote corrosion, caused by the selection of motor components from free machining steels.
FIG. 1 is a top plain view of a disc drive data storage system in which the present invention is useful;
FIG. 2 is a sectional side view of a hydrodynamic bearing spindle motor, utilized in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of a conventional sputtering system, utilized in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4A is a cross sectional view of carbon/DLC coating on a shaft, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4B is a cross sectional view of carbon/DLC coating on a sleeve, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4C is a cross sectional view of carbon/DLC coating on a conical sleeve, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view of a sleeve illustrating the relationship between a taper variation and decrease in aspect ratio, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view of a shaft and sleeve illustrating a nullified tapered coating, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graphical illustration of dynamic performance degrade without a coating, as described herein; and
FIG. 8 is a graphical illustration of improved dynamic performance with a DLC coating, as in an embodiment of the invention.
A system and method for refinement of hydrodynamic bearing assemblies that provide support and rotation for spindle components is described herein. Referring to the drawings wherein identical reference numerals denote the same elements throughout the various views, FIG. 1 illustrates a typical disc drive data storage device 110 in which the present invention is useful. Disc drive 110 includes housing base 112 that is combined with top cover 114 to form a sealed environment.
Disc drive 110 further includes disc pack 116, which is mounted for rotation on a spindle motor (not shown) by disc clamp 118. Disc pack 116 includes a plurality of individual discs, which are mounted for co-rotation about a central axis. Each disc surface has an associated head 120 (read head and write head), which is mounted to disc drive 110 for communicating with the disc surface. In the example shown in FIG. 1, heads 120 are supported by flexures 122, which are in turn attached to head mounting arms 124 of actuator body 126. The actuator shown in FIG. 1 is of the type known as a rotary moving coil actuator and includes a voice coil motor (VCM), shown generally at 128. Voice coil motor 128 rotates actuator body 126 with its attached heads 120 about pivot shaft 130 to position heads 120 over a desired data track along arcuate path 132. This allows heads 120 to read and write magnetically encoded information on the surfaces of discs 116 at selected locations.
In the example discussed below, the use of a hydrodynamic bearing is shown in conjunction with a spindle motor. Clearly, the present invention is not limited to use with this particular design of a disc drive, which is shown only for purposes of the example. Further, it is to be understood that the present invention is useful with a wide variety of motors, especially those using fluid dynamic bearings.
FIG. 2 is a sectional side view of a hydrodynamic bearing spindle motor 255 used in disc drives 110 in which the present invention is useful. Typically, spindle motor 255 includes a stationary component and a rotatable component. The stationary component includes shaft 275 that is fixed and attached to base 210. The rotatable component includes hub 260 having one or more magnets 265 attached to a periphery thereof The magnets 265 interact with a stator winding 270 attached to the base 210 to cause the hub 260 to rotate. Core 216 is formed of a magnetic material and acts as a back-iron for magnets 265. Magnet 265 can be formed as a unitary, annular ring or can be formed of a plurality of individual magnets that are spaced about the periphery of hub 260. Magnet 265 is magnetized to form one or more magnetic poles.
The hub 260 is supported on a shaft 275 having a thrustplate 280 on one end. The thrustplate 280 can be an integral part of the shaft 275, or it can be a separate piece which is attached to the shaft, for example, by a press fit. The shaft 275 and the thrustplate 280 fit into a sleeve 285 and a thrustplate cavity 290 in the hub 260. A counter plate 295 is provided above thrustplate 280 resting on an annular ring 205 that extends from the hub 260. Counterplate 295 provides axial stability for the hydrodynamic bearing and positions hub 260 within spindle motor 255. An O-ring 212 is provided between counterplate 295 and hub 260 to seal the hydrodynamic bearing and to prevent hydrodynamic fluid from escaping.
Hub 260 includes a central core 216 and a disc carrier member 214, which supports disc pack 116 (shown in FIG. 1) for rotation about shaft 275. Disc pack 116 is held on disc carrier member 214 by disc clamp 118 (also shown in FIG. 1). Hub 260 is interconnected with shaft 275 through hydrodynamic bearing 217 for rotation about shaft 275. Bearing 217 includes radial surfaces 215 and 225 and axial surfaces 220 and 222.
A fluid, such as lubricating oil or a ferromagnetic fluid fills interfacial regions between the shaft 275 and the sleeve 285, and between the thrustplate 280 and the thrustplate cavity 290 and the counter plate 295. Although the present figure is described herein with a lubricating fluid, those skilled in the art will appreciate that a lubricating gas can be used.
In order to promote the flow of fluid over the bearing surfaces which are defined between the thrust plate 280 and the counterplate 295; between the thrust plate 280 and the sleeve 285; and between the shaft 275 and the sleeve 285, typically one of the two opposing surfaces of each such assembly carries sections of pressure generating grooves (not shown). The effective operation of the pressure generating grooves depends in part on the bearing gap being within a specified tolerance. The present invention as described herein provides a method of coating to achieve such a specified bearing gap tolerance.
It is to be appreciated that spindle motor 255 can employ a fixed shaft as shown in FIG. 2, or a rotating shaft. In a rotating shaft spindle motor, the bearing is located between the rotating shaft and an outer stationary sleeve that is coaxial with the rotating shaft.
In an embodiment, a method is provided for applying a carbon or diamond like carbon (DLC) coating to at least one contacting bearing surface. As described herein, a carbon coating is to be understood as a graphite form or a diamond form. In practice, a carbon coating is a mixture of graphite and diamond. Also, as described herein, carbon is to be understood as a larger quantity of graphite than diamond, and DLC is to be understood as a larger quantity of diamond than graphite. Further, it is to be appreciated that other materials can be used for the coatings described herein, including a chromium coating.
A suitable pair is selected (i.e. a shaft and sleeve, or hub and cone). In an embodiment, one precision machined surface is selected and a counter surface is coated. Alternatively, both surfaces are coated (i.e. the shaft and sleeve are coated). The entire contacting bearing surface or a predetermined portion of the surface is coated. The method of applying a coating to the shaft or sleeve include directing a carbon or DLC coating by processes including physical vapor deposition (PVD) and direct current (DC) sputtering. It is to be appreciated that other known processes can be utilized to apply the coating as described herein.
Physical vapor deposition (PVD) methods are clean, dry vacuum deposition methods in which a coating is deposited over an entire object simultaneously, rather than in localized areas. In PVD processes, a workpiece is subjected to plasma bombardment. PVD methods differ in the means for producing metal vapor and the details of plasma creation. Primary PVD methods include ion plating, ion implantation, sputtering, and laser surface alloying. In an embodiment, the present invention utilizes PVD.
Referring to FIG. 3, a cross sectional view of a conventional sputter system 300 is illustrated that can be utilized in the present invention to coat a bearing surface. A substrate is shown at 310. A central surface portion of the substrate is designated as 312. Respective upper and lower portions of the substrate surface are designated 311 and 313. A hypothetical point-source target 320 is positioned symmetrically above substrate 310. The distance between the point-source target 320 and the substrate seating 312 defines a height, H. A power source 340 (not drawn to scale) is coupled by way of means 341 to the point-source target 320.
The emission trajectories of the target particles from target 320 are uniformly distributed about three dimensional space. Three such trajectories are illustrated by way of dashed lines and respectively referenced as 321, 322 and 323. While the emission trajectories are shown drawn originating from one area of target 320 and integrated on substrate 310, it is to be understood that, in practice, emissions come from all areas of target 320 and each emission area of target 320 is integrated over all areas of substrate 310. Further, target 320 is equal or larger in size as compared with substrate 310 to maintain coating uniformity (having a taper) on substrate 310. Trajectory 321 has a particle travel distance of dp1 and carries particles from target 320 to the upper surface region 311 of the substrate 310. Trajectory 322 has a travel distance of dp2 and carries target particles from the target 320 to the central surface region 312. Trajectory 323 has a particle travel distance of dp3 and carries target particles from the target 320 to the lower surface region 313.
Each of the trajectories 321, 322 and 323 defines an angle of θ between itself and the normal line 302 (the hypothetical perpendicular drawn line). The film deposition rate (r) in sputtering systems is inversely proportional to the particle travel distance. Thus, the deposition rate of the bottom trajectory 323 is less than that of the top trajectory 321 and the central trajectory 322. Further, the step coverage uniformity is improved if the maximum trajectory angle θ (or �angle of attack� θ as it is referred) is reduced. However, as the particle travel distance is reduced, the trajectory angle θ is increased. The particle travel distance and the trajectory angle θ are counterposed attributes. A tapered coating results on substrate 310 wherein upper surface region 311 receives a thicker coating than central surface region 312 and lower surface region 313. Lower surface region 313 receives the thinnest coating. In an embodiment, the present invention utilizes this process to obtain a desired tapered coating, as discussed below.
The contribution received at each substrate surface point, from each target-source is summed to determine the accumulated deposition at each receiving point on the substrate surface. The specific dimensions of the target width, the substrate width and the target-to-substrate separation distance H must be known in order to determine the cumulative deposition rate at each receiving point on the substrate surface.
As an example of application of a carbon/DLC coating in the present invention, FIG. 4A illustrates the direction of application of carbon/DLC from a target to shaft 416. Arrow 410 is to be interpreted as pointing from a base to a top cover (base and top cover are not shown). Arrow 410 represents the particle travel direction of application from the target to shaft 416.
In the case of coating a shaft using a PVD process, a coating thickness variation results in z-axis 410 along the length of shaft 416, such that a varying bearing gap results. The z-axis 410 runs up and down a shaft, from a base to a top cover. The coating thickness variation in z-axis 410 of shaft 414 is a consequence of the variation in the particle travel distance and deposition rate between the target and shaft position (as discussed above with respect to FIG. 3). As an illustration of coating variation, coating thickness 412 is shown thicker than coating thickness 414. It is to be understood that coating thickness 412 and 414 are the same coating and are separately labeled to point out the difference in thickness.
The coating variation in z-axis 410 is nullified by separately coating shaft 416 and sleeve 426 (or a shaft and a hub assembly). The PVD process results in shaft 416 and sleeve 426 having a thickness variation in the z-axis. Therefore, in an embodiment, by designing a thickness variation in shaft 416, the variation in sleeve 426 is nullified and a bearing gap within a tolerance range is achieved.
FIG. 4B illustrates a direction of application of DLC from a target to sleeve 426. Arrow 420 is to be interpreted as pointing in a direction that is 180 degrees with respect to the direction of arrow 410 (FIG. 4A). Arrow 420 points from a top cover to a base (top cover and base are not shown). Arrow 420 represents the particle travel direction of application from the target to sleeve 426.
As arrows 410 and 420 illustrate, coating 422 and 424 are applied from opposing directions with respect to coating 412 and 414, such that the tapered z-axis 428 of coating 422 and 424 nullifies the tapered z-axis 418 of coating 412 and 414. Also, it is to be understood that coating 422 and 424 are the same coating and are separately labeled to identify the difference in thickness.
FIG. 4C illustrates a conical sleeve in which the present invention is useful. In the case of a conical sleeve, PVD sputtering 430 results in a smaller grade taper, as compared with a non-conical sleeve. As illustrated, coating thickness 432 of conical sleeve 436 is thicker than coating thickness 434, similar to a non-conical sleeve. However, the taper in z-axis 438 is less than the taper of a non-conical sleeve. Nevertheless, since gap tolerances are so small (some gaps being 0.5 microns), the process of the present invention is useful in the case of conical sleeves. Further, the design of conical sleeves can require a smaller gap tolerance, as compared with non-conical sleeves, making the present invention further useful.
FIG. 5 illustrates two coated sleeves, sleeve 516 having a smaller aspect ratio (depth to width) as compared to sleeve 526. That is, the difference in taper gradient of coating 512 and coating 514 (along z-axis 518) is greater than the taper gradient of coating 522 and coating 524 (along z-axis 528). Sleeve 526, having a smaller aspect ratio, presents a smaller grade taper, which is characteristic of PVD sputtering process.
In an embodiment, the thickness gradient of a coating is adjusted by varying the aspect ratio of the female bearing part (i.e. sleeve). Further, since gap tolerance designs are so small, conventional gaps being a couple microns or less, the present invention is useful in the case of sleeves having smaller aspect ratios. It is to be understood that the present invention would similarly be useful in the case of shafts having smaller aspect ratios.
Referring to FIG. 6, the result of an embodiment of the process of coating described herein is illustrated. Shaft 610 is positioned adjacent to sleeve 620 with an illustration of tapered coating 612 and 614 offsetting or nullifying tapered coating 622 and 624 along z-axis 618, such that gap 600 satisfies the gap tolerance design specification.
It is to be understood that coating 612 and 614 are the same coating and are separately labeled to identify the difference in thickness. Similarly, it is to be understood that coating 622 and 624 are the same coating and are separately labeled to identify the difference in thickness. Further, in an embodiment, the coating thickness is between 0.1 microns at its thinnest point and 5.0 microns at its thickest point. As to be appreciated, the coating thickness is dependent on the application.
By meeting the gap tolerance design specification, utilizing an embodiment of the present invention, good dynamic performance and no wear or negligible wear to motor components is achieved, which significantly enhances the motor life. The motor components include shaft 610 and sleeve 620. In one embodiment, one of shaft 610 and sleeve 620 is a rotatable component. In another embodiment, one of shaft 610 and sleeve 620 is a stationary component.
As used herein, the term gap means the distance from the surface of the rotating component to the adjacent surface of the stationary component. For example, the term gap can mean the distance between the inner surface of a sleeve and the outer surface of a shaft. As in shown FIG. 6, gap 600 extends from outer surface of shaft 610 to the adjacent inner surface of sleeve 620. When a coating is applied to a surface (or surfaces), the gap width would include the thickness of the coating.
The gap is measured during running conditions when the adjacent surfaces are not touching (i.e. the shaft and sleeve adjacent surfaces). In an embodiment, the gap is a uniform distance between 0.5 microns and 6 microns. In another embodiment, the gap is a uniform distance less than 0.5 microns. It is important for reasons including dynamic performance that a gap is substantially uniform, i.e., maximum and minimum width tolerances must be maintained. In an embodiment, the gap has a tolerance of within 10% of the designed gap. For example, if the gap is designed to be 2 microns, then the tolerance is 0.2 microns, making the allowable gap 1.8 to 2.2 microns. The gap design may call for a variable gap. In an embodiment, a variable gap between 0.5 microns and 6 microns is provided.
The following figures are provided as an example of results of an embodiment of the present invention, in regard to dynamic performance and wear. The examples are provided for illustrative purposes and are not intended to be limiting.
FIG. 7 shows a graphical representation of an operational vibration comparison of a contact stop/start (CSS) in which a DLC coating is not utilized on a stationary component or a rotational component. Measurements of amplitude and frequency were taken at zero CSS (thin dotted line) and at 11,000 CSS (thick solid line). As can be observed in comparing the 0 CSS line with the 11,000 CSS line, dynamic performance degrades when a DLC coating is not utilized on a bearing surface.
In operation, and as referred to herein, a typical CSS commences when a data transducing head begins to slide against the surface of the disk as the disk begins to rotate. Upon reaching a predetermined high rotational speed, the head floats in air at a predetermined distance from the surface of the disk where it is maintained during reading and recording operations. Upon terminating operation of the disk drive, the head again begins to slide against the surface of the disk and eventually stops in contact with and pressing against the disk. Each time the head and disk assembly is driven, the sliding surface of the head repeats the cyclic operation consisting of stopping, sliding against the surface of the disk, floating in the air, sliding against the surface of the disk and stopping.
The present invention is useful, in part, to minimize or prevent any effects that CSS might have on bearing surfaces. That is, when the head is in contact with the disk, the bearing surfaces are similarly in contact, for example, the shaft and sleeve surfaces. Wear can result when the bearing surfaces are in contact, and the coating provided in the present invention ensures negligible wear or no wear on the contacting bearing surfaces.
FIG. 8 shows a graphical representation of an operational vibration comparison of a contact stop/start (CSS) in which a DLC coating is utilized on a stationary component or a rotational component, as provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Similar to FIG. 7, measurements were taken of amplitude and frequency at zero CSS (thin dotted line) and at 11,000 CSS (thick solid line). As can be observed in comparing the 0 CSS line with the 11,000 CSS line, dynamic performance does not degrade in the case when utilizing a DLC coating as it does in the case when not utilizing a DLC coating on a bearing surface.
As discussed above, dynamic performance is a function of the bearing gap. Gap design tolerance is achieved by providing, as discussed above in an embodiment of the invention, a bearing gap within specified dimensions (tolerance). Gap design tolerance is further achieved by providing, as discussed above in an embodiment of the invention, a rotatable and stationary pair (i.e. shaft and sleeve, or a shaft and cone) that ensures negligible wear or no wear on the contacting bearing surfaces.
As discussed herein, negligible wear is defined as wear that has no clearly observable effect, given testing on the dynamic performance of the motor. An example of dynamic performance testing and a showing of negligible wear is shown in FIG. 8. As understood by those skilled in the art, wear acceptability is drive dependent. In some drives the acceptable wear is a few micrograms, and in other drives the acceptable wear is 10 to 100 micrograms. Also, the quantity of oil supplied to the bearing affects the wear acceptability.
An example is next presented of an effect that an embodiment of the present invention has on material wear rates in a spindle motor. A decrease in wear rate results for a steel material wear couple in a spindle motor, when utilizing DLC as in an embodiment of the present invention. In this example, the wear rate decreases by a factor of about 11.4, when utilizing DLC as described above. Specifically, steels SS 303 and DHS 1 exhibit wear rates of 2.1�10−5 (micro-grams)/(newton-mm) when utilized in a spindle motor as a wear couple. Whereas, steels SS 303 (with DLC coating) and DHS1 exhibit wear rates of 1.84�10−6 (micro-grams)/(newton-mm) when utilized in a spindle motor as a wear couple.
Having disclosed exemplary embodiments, modifications and variations may be made to the disclosed embodiments while remaining within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. For example, in an embodiment, the present invention can be utilized in a disc drive data storage device having a hydrodynamic or hydrostatic (hydro) bearing spindle.
Further, although the present invention has been described with reference to coatings for disc drive storage systems and spindle motor assemblies, those skilled in the art will recognize that features of the discussion and claims may be practiced with other components, including other systems employing tight bearing gaps within a specified tolerance, particularly technologies where the dynamic performance of the hydrodynamic motor is a function of the gap.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS5940246 *Nov 14, 1996Aug 17, 1999Seagate Technolog, Inc.Disc drive hydro bearing lubricant with electrically conductive, non-metallic additive* Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS7718044Sep 11, 2006May 18, 2010Seagate Technology LlcMethod for controlling shaft coating taperUS7892100 *Apr 14, 2008Feb 22, 2011Seagate Technologies LlcDual tapered shaft for FDB motorUS8169738 *Feb 25, 2011May 1, 2012Nidec CorporationFluid dynamic bearing mechanism including communicating channel, spindle motor, and disk drive apparatusUS8547664 *Dec 10, 2012Oct 1, 2013Western Digital Technologies, Inc.Disk drive actuator pivot bearing having an adsorptive element withinUS8553366 *Dec 7, 2012Oct 8, 2013Western Digital Technologies, Inc.Disk drive with actuator pivot bearing having a surface coating inhibiting lubricant migrationUS8622844Mar 30, 2010Jan 7, 2014Seagate Technology LlcTapered shaft coatingUS8908321 *Jun 13, 2013Dec 9, 2014Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd.Spindle motor and hard disk drive including the sameUS20140293477 *Jun 13, 2013Oct 2, 2014Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd.Spindle motor and hard disk drive including the same* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification360/99.08, G9B/19.028International ClassificationG11B25/04, G11B19/20Cooperative ClassificationG11B25/043, G11B19/2009European ClassificationG11B19/20ALegal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionJul 19, 2013ASAssignmentOwner name: EVAULT INC. (F/K/A I365 INC.), CALIFORNIAFree format text: TERMINATION AND RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENT RIGHTS;ASSIGNOR:WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, AS COLLATERAL AGENT AND SECOND PRIORITY REPRESENTATIVE;REEL/FRAME:030833/0001Effective date: 20130312Owner name: SEAGATE TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, CAYMAN ISLANDSEffective date: 20130312Free format text: TERMINATION AND RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENT RIGHTS;ASSIGNOR:WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, AS COLLATERAL AGENT AND SECOND PRIORITY REPRESENTATIVE;REEL/FRAME:030833/0001Free format text: TERMINATION AND RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENT RIGHTS;ASSIGNOR:WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, AS COLLATERAL AGENT AND SECOND PRIORITY REPRESENTATIVE;REEL/FRAME:030833/0001Effective date: 20130312Owner name: SEAGATE TECHNOLOGY LLC, CALIFORNIAFree format text: TERMINATION AND RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENT RIGHTS;ASSIGNOR:WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, AS COLLATERAL AGENT AND SECOND PRIORITY REPRESENTATIVE;REEL/FRAME:030833/0001Owner name: SEAGATE TECHNOLOGY US HOLDINGS, INC., CALIFORNIAEffective date: 20130312Mar 14, 2013FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8Mar 24, 2011ASAssignmentOwner name: THE BANK OF NOVA SCOTIA, AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT,Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:SEAGATE TECHNOLOGY LLC;REEL/FRAME:026010/0350Effective date: 20110118Jan 19, 2011ASAssignmentFree format text: RELEASE;ASSIGNOR:JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT;REEL/FRAME:025662/0001Owner name: SEAGATE TECHNOLOGY LLC, CALIFORNIAEffective date: 20110114Owner name: SEAGATE TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, CALIFORNIAEffective date: 20110114Free format text: RELEASE;ASSIGNOR:JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT;REEL/FRAME:025662/0001Free format text: RELEASE;ASSIGNOR:JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT;REEL/FRAME:025662/0001Effective date: 20110114Owner name: MAXTOR CORPORATION, CALIFORNIAEffective date: 20110114Owner name: SEAGATE TECHNOLOGY HDD HOLDINGS, CALIFORNIAFree format text: RELEASE;ASSIGNOR:JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT;REEL/FRAME:025662/0001May 1, 2009FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Jun 10, 2003ASAssignmentOwner name: SEAGATE TECHNOLOGY LLC, CALIFORNIAFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:AMEEN, MOHAMMAD MAHBUBUL;KHAN, RAQUIB UDDIN;REEL/FRAME:014165/0732Effective date: 20030609RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services

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Citroën LNA - Wikipedia
The LN was introduced in July 1976.[5][6] It combined the bodyshell of the Peugeot 104 Z (a shortened floorpan version of the 104) with the economical 602 cc two-cylinder gasoline engine of the Citroën 2CV. Equipment levels were low, but the LN's key selling points were its cheap price and low running costs.
There was evidence of defensiveness at the press launch, possibly because a car that looked like a Peugeot, but was assembled at a Citroën plant and fitted with a Citroën engine, sharply refuted assurances that the two marques would retain their individuality. Those assurances had been provided by the same press departments just a few months earlier, when Citroën had again run out of money and Peugeot had taken control.[1] When pressed, Citroën explained that the LN project had been rushed through because of "the need to supply customers and the [dealership] network with a model to strengthen Citroën's position at the lower end of the market"[1] which was hardly a ringing endorsement of a range which at the time included the Ami and the Dyane as well as the venerable 2CV which would continue in production long after any of the others. Citroën made it clear that this would not happen again.[7] They stayed true to this until the 1996 Citroën Saxo.
Citroën sold the LN in its native France only, but a more powerful replacement, the LNA, was introduced on 6 November 1978[8] and was exported to much of the rest of Europe (including right-hand drive versions for Great Britain, where it was not launched until early 1983). It had the more powerful and modern 652 cc two-cylinder engine of the Citroën Visa with electrical ignition.[9] In December 1982 a 1.1 L four-cylinder engine was added which had a top speed of nearly 90 mph (145 km/h) for the LNA 11E and 11RE, which spelled the end of the two-cylinder models in many markets.[10] But like the smaller-engined LN, the LNA was cheap to buy and cheap to run. For Italy and France only, there was also an intermediate version called the LNA 10E, with a 954 cc Peugeot engine.
By 1980 the LNA could also be purchased, in France, badged as the "LNA Entreprise", with the back seat removed. This was effectively a function of taxation rules, whereby the two-seater car could be sold with a reduced rate of Value-added tax (Europe's answer to American Sales tax), to the delight of budget conscious tradesfolk and sales representatives.[11]
1983 facelift LNA, rear 3/4 view
After the LNA was launched, its Peugeot-sourced bodyshell also spawned the Talbot Samba which had square headlights and a different, slightly longer, rear body part. The mechanicals and a developed version of the full length 104 floorpan were used in the Citroën Visa that was also launched in 1978. 1983 cars arrived early, in July 1982, and benefited from new black plastic bumpers, a new decoration for the C-pillar, a newly positioned rubber side-stripe, new rear lights and, more elaborately styled wheels, which were shared with the manufacturer's Visa Super E. In July 1985 Citroën introduced cars for the 1986 model year. The previously black grill and bumpers were now coloured grey, although LNA production ceased in the summer of 1986, around the same time as the Talbot Samba. Its successor, the Citroen AX, was launched shortly afterwards.
It was not launched onto the British market until early 1983, where the most popular entry-level superminis were the Austin Metro and Ford Fiesta. It also reached the UK market during the same year as the Fiat Uno, Nissan Micra, Peugeot 205 and Vauxhall Nova, but failed to prove anywhere near as popular as any of these cars and was withdrawn from sale there after just two years.
The Peugeot 104 remained in production until 1988 even though its hugely popular successor, the 205, had been launched five years earlier, as an entry level model in some markets. The Visa also lasted until 1988. The Visa-based box van Citroën C15 version was the longest lasting 104 derivative, using 205 and 206 mechanicals it was made until 2005.
1986 Citroën LNA
V 06 / 630
R 06 / 630
V 06 / 644
77 mm (3.0 in)
Volumetric ration
Working compression
36 PS (26 kW; 36 hp) at 5,500 rpm
32 PS (24 kW; 32 hp) at 5,750 rpm
34.5 PS (25 kW; 34 hp) at 5,500 rpm
5.3 kg·m (52 N·m; 38 lb·ft) at 3,500 rpm
4.2 kg·m (41 N·m; 30 lb·ft) at 3,500 rpm
5.1 daN.m
4.8 daN.m at 3,500 rpm
Camshaft values
for 1 mm rising
7° after TDC
0°5' after TDC
42° after BDC
49°15 after TDC
35° before BDC
35°55 after TDC
A.F.E / R.F.E
6° before TDC
3°30 after TDC
^ a b c "Hasty hybrid :Citroen LN joins he range". Autocar. 14 August 1976. pp. 21–22. ^ "Citroën LNA". Autopista. 1985. ^ a b c d e Westrup, Klaus (27 April 1977). Simoneit, Ferdinand, ed. "Test: Citroën LN. Kurzfassung. Neuer französicher Kleinwagen im Mini-Format". Auto, Motor und Sport. No. 9. pp. 60–71. ^ Büschi, Hans-Ulrich, ed. (3 March 1982). "Automobil Revue '82" (in German and French). 77. Berne, Switzerland: Hallwag, AG: 256. ISBN 3-444-06062-9. ^ Quattroruote: Tutte le Auto del Mondo 77/78 (in Italian). Milano: Editoriale Domus S.p.A. 1977. p. 146. ^ "All about the LNA-Visa-Axel family". Citroenvisa.net. Retrieved 7 August 2011. ^ Armstrong, Douglas (December 1976). "Sobriété in gay Paree". SA Motor. Cape Town, South Africa: Scott Publications: 19. ^ "Automobilia". Toutes les voitures françaises 1979 (salon [Paris, Oct] 1978). Paris: Histoire & collections. Nr. 84s: 15, 20. 2006. ^ Renaux, Jean-Jacques (1983-06-02). "Referendum des proprietaires: Citroën LNA" [Owner survey]. Le Moniteur de l'Automobile (in French). Brussels, Belgium: Editions Auto-Magazine. 33 (770): 136. ^ Renaux, p. 137
^ Bellu, René (2008). "Toutes les voitures françaises 1981 (salon [Oct] 1980)". Automobilia. Paris: Histoire & collections. 90: 13. v
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Environment: Security environment in Florida and California
23 shk 2010
Security environment in Florida and California
I have heard that the security environment in Florida and California is deteriorating with more petty crimes and more serious house break-in's happening everyday. Being concerned with the safety of my family, if I ever move my whole family over to US, I am seriously considering installing home security or alarm to protect our home. Now I have seen the logo of ADT home security on the facade of houses saying "This house is protected by ADT" or something to that effect, in my home country and is wondering if this little signboard is effective in deterring break-ins. I am not familiar with the security situation in Florida and California would like to find out if ADT in Florida and ADT in California are reliable providers of home security systems and if like in my home country, they not only provide the hardware for home security, they also have a central monitoring system by subscription whereby any alarm will trigger a call to their central monitoring system. Does these 2 providers of alarm systems also stick the "Secured by ADT" signboard on facades of houses to deter burglars from breaking into the house there too?
The economical and political situation in my home country is fast deteriorating with a horribly corrupt and power abusing Federal Government using patronage to stay in power and with practically all the key institutions like the judiciary, the police, the Anti-Corruption Agency, the Election Commission and many other government agencies compromised and not looking after the true interest of the general public. Many are thus seriously considering emigration while a huge chunk of the skilled and professional class have already being lost to our unfortunate country.
California and Florida are states with a climate similar to our country is also a popular destinations of emigrants. Like anyone else, we would like our family to be safe and protected. If you are from Florida or California, I hope you will tell us your truthful opinion of ADT in CA and ADT in FL and if you think ADT is a home security provider that you would recommend to emigrants by leaving a comment.


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Orit Geometric Euro Sham Red - Free Shipping Today - Overstock.com - 19646022
Orit Geometric Euro Sham Red
ITEM# 19646022
ITEM#: 19646022
This throw sham lends a sleek look to your home with its unique geometric pattern. With a two-toned color palette in shades of red and white, this sham brings an instant pop of color to your living room, bedroom or lounge area. Constructed using 100-percent high-quality cotton material and crafted in the USA.
Model Number EURO-PT-HIGHPOINT-CORAL-C100

value: Overstock, excessive stock, excess2sell, B-stock, or excess inventory, is the result of poor management of stock demand or of material flow in process management. Excessive stock is also associated with loss of revenue owing to additional capital bound with the purchase or simply storage space taken.


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tainted archive: ANNOUNCING....
I just read a Hutson book, "Spawn," and didn't care much for it, I'm afraid. For one, I believe there's a difference between gore and gross. But mainly the story just didn't appeal to me.
27 August 2009 20:08
Look forward to this, I used to read his books.


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Doyles Corner (Torremolinos) - 2018 All You Need to Know Before You Go (with Photos) - TripAdvisor
“sol timor”(2 reviews)
All reviewsirish pubfriendly bar staffsol timorgreat pubfeel welcomegreat nightcraicbrekkiedrinksspainholidaybars
Went to watch the Dublin match while staying close by, had checked a couple of days before hand that they would be showing the match, staff advised they wouldn't miss it! Arrived about 30 mins before hand to get a table and some drinks and...More
3 Thank Furmanator56


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Commercial real estate leasing flyer templates Jobs, Employment | Freelancer
Commercial real estate leasing flyer templates jobs
195,408 commercial real estate leasing flyer templates jobs found, pricing in USD
I am an entrepreneur who is looking at expanding my business into the digital and social media work...websites for that, one of the businesses is focused on supplies (office equipment, IT and security equipment) while the other business is real estate. The real estate website will have both a property management (leasing) aspect and a buy/sell aspect.
Showing 1 to 50 of 195,408 entries
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PTI | Updated: Jul 14, 2017, 09:42 IST
Trump, he said is a pragmatist. "He's the most successful real estate magnate in New York. He looks at the world as it is, not as we wish it to be. That was the last eight years of disastrous, ideologically- tinged lack of statesmanship out of the White House," he said.

value: Times Internet is an Indian internet technology company, based in Gurgaon, which owns, operates and invests in various internet-led products, services and technology. It is the digital arm of the Times Group, the largest media conglomerate in India.


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Kishi Awan-sweet,simple,wifi,pool - Apartments for Rent in Ubud, Bali, Indonesia
heavenly view :)
Place as described, secluded and great value for money. Easy to get around via scooter and staff are wonderful. Highly recommend.
We had a quite nice stay there but be aware that you can not walk to the city of Ubud from there, it will take about 1 1/2 hours. On the other side it was relaxed to stay there in the middle of some rice terraces. Shower was only cold watered and some animal wildlife is around but that's normal for the region. Overall a good stay close to Ubud.
We had a pleasant stay here. Location is perfect very nearby the centre of ubud and if you rent a scooter its only a few minutes to the best cafes/restaurants. The view when you wake up is AMAZING, surrounded by ricefields and the pool is perfect.
We had a very nice time at kishi kishi house! We liked driving with the scooter to the center of Ubud and then having a quiet evening at the accommodation. Everyone was very friendly. Maybe the pool looks a bit different than on the pictures but I think you can have a little swim. So we would definitely recommend this place, so if you are looking for some nature and peace, go there!
Very nice place for reasenable money. highly recommending.
Lovely and spacious place. A bit remote, but thus more silent and easy to go by scooter. We had a very nice time at this very natural house and warmly recommend it.
Villa Kisi Kisi is a fabulous place to stay and a great value. The room is spacious, romantic and includes a large bathroom with walled, outdoor shower. Each room has a beautiful porch and garden. The shared pool is small, but beautifully located, overlooking the rice paddies. The complimentary breakfast is home-cooked and delicious. I recommend visiting in the winter--the air-conditioning is weak. You will also need to have a car or rent a motor scooter. The location is gorgeous, but a 15-20 minute into Ubud. I loved this because Ubud is over-crowded with tourists. Villa Kis Kisi has wonderful staff. they will make sure that you have a great stay. (And wi-fi works well here if you need, as I did, to do some on-line work.)

value: Airbnb, Inc. (pronounced  AIR-bee-ehn-bee and stylized as airbnb) is an American company that operates an online marketplace for lodging, primarily homestays for vacation rentals, and tourism activities.