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Patent US4135575 - Tube wall made of tubes which extend parallel to one another and horizontal ... - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign in<nobr>Advanced Patent Search</nobr>PatentsA tube wall made of tubes extending parallel to one another and horizontally to inclined, which are provided with opposite fins on the longitudinal edges of which adjacent tubes are welded gas-tight to one another. The fins are formed as a continuous band exceeding in width the outer diameter of the...http://www.google.com/patents/US4135575?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US4135575 - Tube wall made of tubes which extend parallel to one another and horizontal to inclinedAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS4135575 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 05/794,610Publication dateJan 23, 1979Filing dateMay 6, 1977Priority dateMay 13, 1976Publication number05794610, 794610, US 4135575 A, US 4135575A, US-A-4135575, US4135575 A, US4135575AInventorsKarl H. GerschOriginal AssigneeBalcke-Durr AktiengesellschaftExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (9), Referenced by (10), Classifications (13) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetTube wall made of tubes which extend parallel to one another and horizontal to inclinedUS 4135575 AAbstract A tube wall made of tubes extending parallel to one another and horizontally to inclined, which are provided with opposite fins on the longitudinal edges of which adjacent tubes are welded gas-tight to one another. The fins are formed as a continuous band exceeding in width the outer diameter of the tube. The band is arranged tangentially on the outside of the tube and the bands, which are welded with each other, are suspendable on a supporting structure for assuming the forces resulting from the dead weight of the tube wall and from additional loads.
I claim: 1. A tube wall suspendable from a supporting structure for assuming the forces resulting from the dead weight of the tube wall and from additional loads, comprisinga plurality of tubes extending parallel to one another and horizontal to inclined, said tubes include oppositely directed fins, the latter having longitudinal edges welded gas-tight respectively to one another, adjacent of said tubes thereby being operatively welded gas-tight to one another, said fins, respectively, being formed as a continuous band having a width exceeding the outer diameter of said tubes, respectively, said band being connected tangentially on an outerside of said tube, respectively, such that the thickness of the connection is at least as thick as the sum of the thickness of the tube and band, said bands being adapted to be suspended from the supporting structure, a tension chord forming one-piece with said tubes and constituting said band, the latter having a surface facing said tubes substantially tangentially aligned with the adjacent imaginary outer periphery of said tubes. 2. The tube wall according to claim 1, wherein said bands are welded to said tubes, respectively.
3. The tube wall according to claim 1, wherein said bands and said tubes respectively are formed integrally.
4. The tube wall according to claim 3, whereinsaid bands have a thickness corresponding approximately to the wall thickness of said tubes, respectively. 5. The tube wall according to claim 3, wherein characterized in thesaid bands have a thickness exceeding the wall thickness of said tubes. 6. A tube wall suspendable from a supporting structure for assuming the forces resulting from the dead weight of the tube wall and from additional loads, comprisinga plurality of tubes extending parallel to one another and horizontal to inclined, said tubes include oppositely directed fins, the latter having longitudinal edges welded gas-tight respectively to one another, adjacent of said tubes thereby being operatively welded gas-tight to one another. said fins, respectively, being formed as a continuous band having a width exceeding the outer diameter of said tubes, respectively, said band being connected tangentially on an outerside of said tube, respectively, said bands being adapted to be suspended from the supporting structure, tension chords extend perpendicularly to said bands and are connected with said bands additionally connecting said bands with one another and with the supporting structure. Description
The invention relates to a tube wall made of tubes which extend parallel to one another and horizontal to inclined, which are provided with opposite fins, on the longitudinal edges of which adjacent tubes are welded gas-tight with one another.
For the production of gas-tight welded tube walls, tubes with the fins connecting the individual tubes, are known as so-called fin-tubes, in various embodiments and for a long time. They are used not only for the production of tube walls with vertical or perpendicular tube course, but also for helically formed wound tube walls, as they for example find use for combustion chambers.
By the development of always larger boiler units, with such type of combustion chamber walls with substantially horizontal to inclined tube course, there occurs the problem of the loading capacity or load carrying ability of the individual tubes transversely to their longitudinal direction, since such type of membrane walls must carry their own weight or deadweight and additional loads. Upwards of a certain level, with the tube walls produced from the known finned tubes it is necessary to provide additional carrier or supporting elements, such as for example tension chords or belts, which unload the tube wall and introduce the forces into the supporting construction of the boiler. Because of the differential elongations occurring between the tube wall and the supporting elements, expensive constructions, such as for example so-called constant hangers or supports are used, which in addition to a high constructive and thus costly expense, requires space and service as well as reparis under the circumstances.
The invention is based on the task to make a tube wall from fin tubes, which avoids impermissible loadings of the tubes transverse to their longitudinal direction and makes possible the production of tubes walls with horizontal to inclined tube course with great heights in self-supporting execution, without the necessity of additional supporting structures.
The solution of this object is characterized by the invention in the manner that the fins are formed as a continuous band exceeding in the width the outer diameter of the tube, which band is arranged tangentially on the outside of the tube, and that the bands which are welded with one another can be suspended on a supporting structure for assuming the forces resulting from the dead weight of the tube wall and from additional loads.
With this proposal of the invention a tube wall is manufactured, the loading of which transversely to the tube axis is assumed substantially by the band which is arranged tangentially to the body of the tubes, so that the actual tube bodies are kept free or clear of forces which for example originate by the dead weight and additional loads of the tube wall, and indeed independent of the position of the tubes. The actual tube body substantially is only loaded by the pressure and the strains arising for example with a heating. This division of the loadings on the actual tube bodies and the band arranged tangential to the latter make possible a very good adaptation or correlation of the individual dimensions of the fin-tube to the load cases from time to time and consequently the construction or assembling of self-supporting tube walls of any arbitrary height. Also with a substantially horizontal tube course, as it for example is present with a helically-formed wound tube wall for the formation of a combustion chamber, the construction in accordance with the present invention has the advantage that the tube body is not loaded by the tensile forces from weight and additional loads, which forces are applied transversely to its longitudinal direction. Consequently the self-supporting construction height of such a tubular wall can be selected corresponding to the dimensions realizable today, because the thickness of the band can be dimensioned corresponding to the forces which occur. Further advantages of the invention result in the manner that the spacing of adjacent tubes can be selected independent of the loading of the fins, because for the formation of a gas-tight welded tube wall it is merely necessary that the width of the band slightly exceeds the outer diameter of the tube. Finally with the present arrangement under the circumstances of tension or tie rods or other supporting devices on the outer side of a heated tubular wall, a very good heat flow is achieved between the tubes and the construction elements arranged on the outer side of the bands, because these engage directly on the bands or can be welded with them.
According to further features of the invention the band can be welded on the tube or the band and the tube can be integrally produced. In the latter case the band can be executed approximately in or with the wall thickness of the tube or also thicker or stronger than this, so that with the selection of the dimensions of the band, the loadings of the fin-tube can be considered transverse to its longitudinal direction. Finally with the invention it is proposed to connect the bands additionally by means of vertically or perpendicularly extending tension chords with one another and with the supporting structure.
In the drawings three embodiment examples of the tube wall in accordance with the present invention are illustrated, and indeed show:
FIG. 1 the front view of a tube wall, the tubes of which are produced of cylindrical tubes and bands,
FIG. 2 a front view of a tube wall with tubes, the tube bodies and fins of which are produced integrally and which additionally are suspended on one tension chord, and
FIG. 3 the front view of a third embodiment form of a tube wall with integrally produced fin tubes.
With all three embodiment examples, the finned tubes possess a cylindrical tube body and fins, which fins are formed by a band arranged tangentially to the tube body. This band is arranged on the unheated side of the tube body, which of course can also have a cross-section differing from the circular form.
With the embodiment example according to FIG. 1, the tube body is formed by a cylindrical tube 1, on which on the side facing away from the heating, a band 2 is welded thereon, the width of the latter exceeding the diameter of the tube 1. The welding of the band 2 with the tube 1 with the illustrated embodiment example, takes place by two welding seams 3. Of course it is possible instead of these two welding seams 3, to provide only one welding seam or a series of welding points, so far as in this manner a sufficiently rigid connection between tube 1 and band 2 is guaranteed.
For the formation of the gas-tight welded tube wall, the finned tubes are welded with one another on adjacent longitudinal edges of the bands 2, as this is indicated by the welding seams 4a, 4b, and 4c in FIG. 1. From the illustration it may be recognized that the welding seam 4a was laid from the inner side of the tube wall, and the welding seam 4b to the contrary from the outside. With the welding seam 4c a welding occurs from the outside as well as from the inside.
By the welding of the bands 2 with one another not only is a gas-tight welded tube wall produced, but rather independent of the tubes 1 a continuous wall surface is produced, which can assume or receive all forces which come from the dead weight and from additional loads without stressing of the tube 1. With the embodiment according to FIG. 1 it is consequently possible to eliminate the dimensioning of the tube 1 to this loading by the internal pressure and possible heating strains and to assume the remaining loadings of the tube wall by corresponding dimensioning of the band 2. From FIG. 1 it may further be recongized that the spacing of the tubes 1 from one another can be freely selected, since attention merely must be paid that the longitudinal edges of the bands 2 can be welded with one another. The tube division consequently may be freely selected independent of the carrying capacity or load of the bands 2.
With the embodiment example according to FIG. 2, a finned tube is used, the tube 1a and band 2a of which are integrally produced, for example by rollers or extrusion devices, whereby the thickness of the band 2a is only slightly greater than the wall thickness of the tube 1a as is to be recognized in the upper part of FIG. 2. The adjacent longitudinal edges of the bands 2a are furthermore welded with one another by means of welding seams 4a or 4b or 4c.
When with the formation of a for example, helically-shaped wound tube wall made of the finned tubes according to FIG. 2, the loadings or strains resulting from the dead weight and additional forces are not able to be assumed by the bands 2a, a tension chord or belt 5 can be arranged on the outerside of the finned tubes, as it is illustrated with dash-dot lines in FIG. 2. This tension belt 5 is welded with the bands 2a by means of one or more welding seams 6 extending in the vertical or perpendicular direction. Since the tension belt 5 on its entire width engages flat on the bands 2a of the finned tubes, there results optimum heat transfer or bridge between the tube wall which is produced of the finned tubes and the tension belt which is provided as the support element, so that with such type of construction only small temperature difference occur between tube wall and support element even with temperature changes inside of the tube wall.
With FIG. 3 finally a further embodiment possibility is shown of a tube wall with use of a finned tube which integrally is made of a tube 1b and a band 2b. With this third embodiment form, the band 2b has a thickness which considerably lies over the wall thickness of the tube 1b, so that the bands 2b, which are welded with one another, can transmit forces to the tube 1b without noteworthy reactions or back effects. In this manner in the most cases, even with large tube wall dimensions it is unnecessary to arrange additional carrier or support elements, as for example tension chords or belts. Also in the case of the embodiment according to FIG. 3, different types of the welding can be provided between the longitudinal edges of the bands 2b, as this is indicated with the welding seams 4a, 4b, and 4c.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS1774150 *Mar 14, 1928Aug 26, 1930Metropolitan Eng CoBoiler wallUS2162083 *Feb 9, 1938Jun 13, 1939Universal Cooler CorpEvaporatorUS2594232 *Sep 16, 1947Apr 22, 1952Clinton L StockstillSolar heater and heat exchangerUS3384167 *Apr 3, 1967May 21, 1968Javkin SimonBand for heat exchangeDE275898C *Aug 28, 1913Jul 2, 1914 Title not availableDE2153965A1 *Oct 29, 1971May 3, 1973Kraftwerk Union AgDampferzeuger mit ebenem brennkammerbodenGB564649A * Title not availableGB1110439A * Title not availableGB189321066A * Title not available* Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS4276930 *Jul 12, 1979Jul 7, 1981Sulzer Brothers LimitedTube nest for a heat exchangerUS4703597 *Jun 24, 1986Nov 3, 1987Eggemar Bengt VArena floor and flooring elementUS4782768 *Aug 24, 1987Nov 8, 1988Westinghouse Electric Corp.Rotary combustor with efficient air distributionUS5058534 *Aug 17, 1990Oct 22, 1991Krupp Koppers GmbhPipe wall of hot reaction chambersUS6144689 *Jan 5, 1999Nov 7, 2000Sms Schloemann-Siemag AktiengesellschaftCooling plate for shaft furnacesUS6330269Oct 26, 2000Dec 11, 2001Amerifab, Inc.Heat exchange pipe with extruded finsUS8089999 *Nov 1, 2006Jan 3, 2012Amerifab, Inc.Heat exchange apparatus and method of useUS8261567Jun 23, 2009Sep 11, 2012Hussmann CorporationHeat exchanger coil with wing tube profile for a refrigerated merchandiserEP1257773A1 *Feb 13, 2001Nov 20, 2002Amerifab, Inc.Heat exchange pipe with extruded finsWO2013135221A1 *Feb 22, 2013Sep 19, 2013Kme Germany Gmbh & Co. KgCooling element for a melting furnace* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification165/171, 373/76, 122/6.00AInternational ClassificationF28F1/22, F23M5/08, F22B37/10, B23K9/025Cooperative ClassificationF22B37/102, F28F1/22, F23M5/08European ClassificationF23M5/08, F28F1/22, F22B37/10B2RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services©2012 Google


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Patent US6279673 - Steering system for a vehicle equipped with a traffic-lane following device - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign in<nobr>Advanced Patent Search</nobr>PatentsIn order to allow a traffic-lane following device in a vehicle to be used at relatively high vehicle speeds, a steering system is provided with a steering handle and a steering run which couples the steering handle to vehicle steered wheels. A servomotor is coupled to the steering run. A servovalve is...http://www.google.com/patents/US6279673?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6279673 - Steering system for a vehicle equipped with a traffic-lane following deviceAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS6279673 B1Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 09/376,531Publication dateAug 28, 2001Filing dateAug 18, 1999Priority dateAug 18, 1998Fee statusLapsedAlso published asDE19837340A1, DE19837340B4, EP0980813A2, EP0980813A3, EP0980813B1Publication number09376531, 376531, US 6279673 B1, US 6279673B1, US-B1-6279673, US6279673 B1, US6279673B1InventorsHubert Bohner, Martin Moser, Wolfgang SchrockOriginal AssigneeDaimlerchrysler A.G.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (18), Referenced by (6), Classifications (18), Legal Events (5) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetSteering system for a vehicle equipped with a traffic-lane following deviceUS 6279673 B1Abstract In order to allow a traffic-lane following device in a vehicle to be used at relatively high vehicle speeds, a steering system is provided with a steering handle and a steering run which couples the steering handle to vehicle steered wheels. A servomotor is coupled to the steering run. A servovalve is arranged in the steering run and has a first control part (which is associated with a section on the steering handle side of the steering run) as well as a second control part (which is associated with a section on the vehicle steered wheel side of the steering run) to operate the servomotor as a function of relative movements between the control parts. An actuating drive is coupled to the section on the steering handle side of the steering run and is used to produce a steering force. A regulating and control arrangement uses a sensor system to determine required steering angle values which allow a traffic lane to be followed and uses a steering angle sensor to determine actual steering angle values. The actuating drive is operated as a function of a comparison of the required and actual steering angles, in which the steering angle sensor interacts with the section on the vehicle steered wheel side of the steering run.
What is claimed is: 1. A steering system in a vehicle equipped with a traffic-lane following device, comprising a steering device for introducing a manual steering force into the steering system; a mechanical steering run for mechanically coupling the steering device to steerable vehicle wheels; a servomotor operatively coupled to the steering run to operate steering of the vehicle steered wheels; a servovalve arranged in the steering run and having a first control part associated with a first section on a steering device side of the steering run and a second control part associated with a second section on a vehicle steered wheel side of the steering run, the servovalve being arranged to operate the servomotor as a function of relative movements between the control parts; an actuating drive operatively coupled to the section on the steering device side of the steering run for introducing a mechanical steering force; and a regulating and control arrangement comprising a sensor system to determine a required steering angle value to allow the vehicle to follow a predetermined traffic lane, to determine an actual steering angle value by way of a steering angle sensor and to operate the actuating drive as a function of a comparison of required and actual values of the steering angles to introduce a steering force, wherein the steering angle sensor for detecting the actual steering angle value interacts with the section on the vehicle steered wheel side of the steering run.
2. The steering system according to claim 1, wherein the steering angle sensor is an angle measurement sensor arranged to be operated by an element of the section on the vehicle steered wheel side of the steering run which rotates with changes in the steering angle of the vehicle steering wheels.
3. The steering system according to claim 1, wherein the steering angle sensor is a movement measurement sensor arranged to be operated by an element of the section on the vehicle steered wheel side of the steering run, the movement measurement sensor being configured to move substantially linearly with changes in the steering angle of the vehicle steered wheels.
4. The steering system according to claim 1, wherein a pressure measurement sensor is arranged in the system to determine a pressure difference between two motor lines for permitting the servovalve to operate the servomotor.
5. The steering system according to claim 2, wherein a pressure measurement sensor is arranged in the system to determine a pressure difference between two motor lines for permitting the servovalve to operate the servomotor.
6. The steering system according to claim 3, wherein a pressure measurement sensor is arranged in the system to determine a pressure difference between two motor lines for permitting the servovalve to operate the servomotor.
7. The steering system according to claim 4, wherein a pressure measurement sensor is arranged in the system to determine hydraulic pressure of a hydraulic fluid pump arranged to supply the servovalve with hydraulic pressure to operate the servomotor, such that the hydraulic pressure is taken into account by the regulating and control arrangement for operation of the servomotor.
8. The steering system according to claim 1, wherein a temperature measurement sensor is arranged in the system to determine temperature of the hydraulic fluid.
9. The steering system according to claim 2, wherein a temperature measurement sensor is arranged in the system to determine temperature of the hydraulic fluid.
10. The steering system according to claim 3, wherein a temperature measurement sensor is arranged in the system to determine temperature of the hydraulic fluid.
11. The steering system according to claim 4, wherein a temperature measurement sensor is arranged in the system to determine temperature of the hydraulic fluid.
12. The steering system according to claim 7, wherein a temperature measurement sensor is arranged in the system to determine temperature of the hydraulic fluid.
13. The steering system according to claim 1, wherein a second steering angle sensor is arranged in the system to determine the steering angle of the steering device, whereby a difference between steering angle values of the first steering angle sensor and of the second steering angle sensor are used to at least one of the actuating drive and to determine torque in the steering run.
14. The steering system according to claim 2, wherein a second steering angle sensor is arranged in the system to determine the steering angle of the steering device, whereby a difference between steering angle values of the first steering angle sensor and of the second steering angle sensor are used to at least one of the actuating drive and to determine torque in the steering run.
15. The steering system according to claim 3, wherein a second steering angle sensor is arranged in the system to determine the steering angle of the steering device, whereby a difference between steering angle values of the first steering angle sensor and of the second steering angle sensor are used to at least one of the actuating drive and to determine torque in the steering run.
16. The steering system according to claim 4, wherein a second steering angle sensor is arranged in the system to determine the steering angle of the steering device, whereby a difference between steering angle values of the first steering angle sensor and of the second steering angle sensor are used to at least one of the actuating drive and to determine torque in the steering run.
17. The steering system according to claim 7, wherein a second steering angle sensor is arranged in the system to determine the steering angle of the steering device, whereby a difference between steering angle values of the first steering angle sensor and of the second steering angle sensor are used to at least one of the actuating drive and to determine torque in the steering run.
18. The steering system according to claim 8, wherein a second steering angle sensor is arranged in the system to determine the steering angle of the steering device, whereby a difference between steering angle values of the first steering angle sensor and of the second steering angle sensor are used to at least one of the actuating drive and to determine torque in the steering run.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This application claims the priority of 198 37 340.6-21, filed Aug. 18, 1998, the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated by reference herein.
The present invention relates to a steering system in a vehicle which is equipped with a traffic-lane following device, and more particularly to a steering system having a steering handle, for example a steering hand wheel, for introducing a manual steering force into the steering system. A mechanical steering run mechanically couples the steering handle to the steerable vehicle wheels, and a servomotor is coupled to the steering run in order to operate the steering of the vehicle steered wheels. A servovalve is arranged in the steering run and has a first control part (which is associated with a section on the steering handle side of the steering run) as well as a second control part(which is associated with a section on the vehicle steered wheel side of the steering run. The servovalve operates the servomotor as a function of the relative movements between the control parts. An actuating drive, is coupled to the section on the steering handle side of the steering run for introducing a mechanical steering force into the steering system. A regulating and control arrangement which uses a sensor system to determine a required steering angle value which allows the vehicle to follow a predetermined traffic lane, determines an actual steering angle value by way of a steering angle sensor and operates the actuating drive as a function of a comparison of the required and actual values of the steering angles in order to introduce a steering force.
A conventional servo-assisted steering system has a steering handle, for example a steering hand wheel, with which the driver manually introduces a steering force into the steering system. The steering handle is connected to a mechanical steering run, which couples the steering handle to steerable vehicle wheels. The servo-assisted steering system also has a servovalve which is normally arranged in the steering run and has a first control part on the input side and a second control part on the output side.
The servovalve in the known system separates a section on the steering handle side in the steering run, which is coupled to the first control part, on the input side, from a section on the vehicle steered wheel side, which is coupled to the second control part, on the output side. Relative movements, in particular relative rotations, between the control parts of the servovalve then operate a servomotor, which is coupled to the section on the vehicle steered wheel side of the steering run, and thus to the vehicle steered wheels. If the servomotor is a hydraulic motor, hydraulic fluid pressure is applied in an appropriate manner to the servomotor via the servovalve.
In order to avoid any small steering forces on the steering handle from leading to a movement of the control parts in the servovalve and thus to steering angle changes on the wheels, the control parts of the servovalve are coupled to one another via a spring system, in particular via a torsion rod or a C spring. Thereby, the spring system prestresses the control parts to a normal position. In order that the driver can input a steering command into the steering system, the driver must accordingly manually apply a steering force to overcome the restoring force of the spring system in the servovalve. This measure is also used, in particular, to give the driver a sensation of the forces acting on the vehicle steered wheels in order to improve driving safety.
Modern vehicles may be equipped with a traffic-lane following device. Such a traffic-lane following device may, for example, generate required steering angle values with an appropriate sensor system. Such values, when they are applied to the vehicle steered wheels, allow the vehicle to follow a predetermined traffic lane. For example, the traffic-lane following device may be equipped with a camera which detects, for example, a strip on the side of the roadway and produces required steering angle values as a function of the profile of this side strip.
In order for the vehicle to automatically adopt and maintain the required steering angle value via the traffic-lane following device, the steering system with such a traffic-lane following device has an actuating drive which is coupled to the section on the steering handle side of the steering run and introduces steering forces in order to set the desired steering angle in the steering run. The mechanical steering force produced by the actuating drive thereby supports or replaces the manual steering force applied by the driver during normal operation, or even counteracts it. Depending on the safety philosophy adopted by the vehicle manufacturer, the driver can even remove his or her hands from the steering handle when in the traffic-lane following mode.
In order to regulate and control the actuating drive, a regulating and control arrangement uses signals generated by the sensor system of the traffic-lane following device to determine a required steering angle value and also uses a steering angle sensor to determine an actual steering angle value. The regulating and control arrangement then carries out a comparison of the required and actual values of the steering angle and operates the actuating drive in an appropriate manner in order to introduce into the steering system or into the steering run the steering force which is required to achieve the desired steering angle.
In conventional steering systems, the steering angle sensor which is used to detect the actual steering angle value is arranged in the section on the steering handle side of the steering run, that is in hydraulic servo-assisted steering, between the steering handle and the hydraulic servovalve, and in electrical servo-assisted steering, between the steering handle and the electrical servovalve (e.g., an elastic torque sensor). If, however, there is any relative movement between the control parts of the servovalve, the steering angle set on the steering handle does not match the steering angle which is present at the vehicle steered wheels.
Furthermore, in hydraulically operating servo-assisted steering systems, friction can occur in the servovalve and in the section on the steering handle side of the steering run as well as, in particular, in a gearbox which couples the actuating drive to the steering run. Disturbances are thus caused in the control of the wheel angle setting. Discrepancies between the steering angle of the steering handle and the steering angle of the vehicle steered wheels thus result in an increased control requirement as a result of which, on one hand, the control time is increased and, on the other hand, oscillations are more likely in the control system. In order to allow a predetermined traffic lane to be followed even at relatively high vehicle speeds, the required steering angle values must, however, be set and maintained as exactly and quickly as possible. The known steering systems can thus be used only at relatively low vehicle speeds for the purposes of a traffic-lane following device.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an improved steering system for a vehicle having a traffic-lane following device, such that the traffic-lane following device can also be used at higher vehicle speeds.
This object has been achieved, according to the invention, by a steering system in which the steering angle sensor for detecting the actual steering angle value interacts with the section on the vehicle steered wheel side of the steering run.
The invention is based on the recognition of the advantage of tapping off of the actual steering angle value directly at the vehicle steered wheels or on a component which moves with the vehicle steered wheels, with a defined proportionality factor or as a function of a corresponding, parameter-dependent family of characteristics. This tapping off is achieved according to the invention in that the steering angle sensor which detects the actual steering angle value is assigned to the section on the vehicle steered wheel side of the steering run.
Corruptions of the actual steering angle value resulting from control part discrepancies from their normal position or from friction in the steering valve or in the section on the steering handle side of the steering run cannot occur with the present invention. In the same way, impacts from the side against the steered vehicle wheels, resulting, for example, from potholes or grooves in the roadway, are detected directly as an angle change. As a result, the desired required steering angle value can be set quickly and exactly. The steering system designed according to the invention is thus suitable for use in a traffic-lane following device at relatively high vehicle speeds as well.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other objects, advantages and novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in which:
The sole FIGURE is a schematic illustration of a steering system according to the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS As shown in the FIGURE, a steering system according to the invention has a steering handle in the form of a steering wheel 1 which is operated manually by the vehicle driver. The steering handle 1 is connected to a mechanical steering run or column 2 so that they rotate together, via which steering run 2, the steering handle 1 is coupled to steerable vehicle wheels 3, of which only one need be illustrated.
The steering run 2 has a steering rod 4 at one end of which the steering wheel 1 is fitted and at the other end of which a pinion 5 is fitted. The pinion 5 engages with a toothed rack 6 which, for its part, is coupled to the vehicle steered wheels 3. A servovalve 7 in the form of a rotating slide valve is arranged in the steering rod 4 of the steering run 2 and has a first control part 8 and a second control part 9 which are mounted such that they can rotate relative to one another. The first control part 8 (which is associated with the input side of the servovalve 7) is connected to a section 10 on the steering wheel side (i.e., associated with the steering wheel) of the steering rod 4, such that they rotate together, or of the steering run 2. In contrast, the second control part 9, which is associated with the output side of the servovalve 7, is connected to and rotates together with a section 11 on the vehicle steered wheel side (i.e., associated with the vehicle steered wheels 3) of the steering rod 4 or of the steering run 2. In this way, the servovalve 7 subdivides the steering run 2 or the steering rod 4 into a section 10 on the steering handle side and a section 11 on the vehicle steered wheel side.
The control parts 8, 9 of the servovalve 7 are each connected, such that they rotate together, to a torsion rod 12 which biases or tends to move these parts into a normal position relative to one another. In the event of any relative rotation away from this normal position between the control parts 8, 9, a hydraulic servomotor 13 is operated, which is hydraulically coupled to the control valve 7. This servomotor 13 is a piston and cylinder unit and is coupled directly to the toothed rack 6 via a piston rod 14. A piston 16 is arranged on the piston rod 14 and, in a cylinder 17, axially separates a first chamber 18 from a second chamber 19.
A rotary movement to a greater or lesser extent between the control parts 8, 9 of the servovalve 7 results in the pressure side of a hydraulic fluid pump 20 (whose suction side communicates with a hydraulic fluid reservoir 21) being connected to a greater or lesser extent to one chamber 18 or the other 19 of the servomotor 13, while the respective other chamber 18 or 19 is connected via the servovalve 7 to the hydraulic fluid reservoir 21. Depending on the pressure difference between the chambers 18 or 19, the piston rod 14 and thus the toothed rack 6 are moved in one direction or the other, resulting in a corresponding change in the steering angle at the vehicle steered wheels 3.
The illustrated steering system also has a control and regulating arrangement 22 of a traffic-lane following device. Via an input 23, this regulating and control arrangement 22 receives information about a traffic lane which is to be driven along. The control and regulating arrangement 22 uses this information to determine the required steering angle values which must be set at the vehicle steered wheels 3 to allow the vehicle to follow the desired traffic lane. With the aid of actual steering angle values, the control and regulating arrangement 22 carries out required/actual value comparisons which are used to determine control variables for an actuating drive 24. The control variables are signaled to the actuating drive 24 via an appropriate control line 25.
The actuating drive 24 has, for example, an electric motor 26 which is coupled via a gearbox 27 to the section 10 on the steering handle side of the steering run 2, and can introduce a mechanical steering force there. When the traffic-lane following device is activated, the actuating drive 24 produces a steering force in the section 10 on the steering handle side of the steering run 2 and, as a result, produces a relative movement between the control parts 8, 9 of the control valve 7. This results in corresponding operation of the servomotor 13 and, finally, produces the desired steering angle setting at the vehicle steered wheels 3. In this case, the actuating drive 14 can either merely assist manual steering operations by the driver via the steering handle 1, or else can completely replace manual steering operation.
In accordance with a first embodiment, an angle measurement sensor 28 determines the current actual steering angle value and is connected to, so as to rotate together with, a part 15 of the steering rod 4 which is associated with the output side of the servovalve 7, and with the second control part 9. In this way, an angle measurement signal generated by the angle measurement sensor 28 is correlated with the steering angle that is present at the vehicle steered wheels 3. The signal value which correlates with the actual steering angle value is supplied via an appropriate signal line 29 to the regulating and control arrangement 22.
In accordance with a second embodiment, a movement measurement sensor 30 determines the actual steering angle. The sensor 30 is coupled to the toothed rack 6 and to the piston rod 14 to detect their movement. This movement measurement sensor 30 also generates a signal value which correlates with the actual steering angle of the vehicle steered wheels 3 and is supplied via an appropriate signal line 29 to the regulating and control arrangement 22.
The arrangement of the steering angle sensor (either the angle measurement sensor 28 or the movement measurement sensor 30) chosen according to the invention in the section 11 on the vehicle steered wheel side of the steering run 2 means that the steering angle detected by the sensor 28 or the sensor 30 corresponds, without any distortion, to the steering angle which is present at the vehicle steered wheels 3. This correspondence results from the components (toothed rack 6 and steering rod 4) at which the actual steering angle is tapped off being mechanically positively coupled to the vehicle steered wheels 3 such that the movements of these components (4 and 6) take place analogously to the movements of the vehicle steered wheels 3, with a defined proportionality factor being involved.
The detection of the actual steering angle of the vehicle steered wheels 3 in the arrangement of the steering angle sensor 28 or 30 according to the invention is to this extent decoupled from the possibly different present position of the steering wheel 1. A required steering angle value which is desired can thus be set and maintained particularly accurately and quickly. Consequently, the steering system according to the present invention is particularly suitable for operation of a traffic-lane following device at high vehicle speeds.
In a further embodiment of the steering system according to the invention, the control and regulating arrangement 22 may take account of additional parameters for the operation of the actuating drive 24. For example, the control and regulating arrangement 22 can use a pressure sensor 31 to determine the pressure difference between the chambers 18, 19 of the servomotor 13, whereby a signal value that correlates with this difference is received via a signal line 32. The control command for setting the required steering angle value which is desired can then be matched to the pressure ratios that are present in the servomotor 13. As a result, the required steering angle which is desired can be achieved, in particular, without any control overshoots.
In accordance with another advantageous embodiment, the viscosity of the hydraulic fluid which varies as a function of the temperature is taken into account. For example, a temperature measurement sensor 33 is connected on the pressure side of the hydraulic fluid pump 20. The temperature of the hydraulic fluid is thus measured and a signal value, which correlates with the temperature, is signaled, via a signal line 34, to the regulating and control arrangement 22. In order to ensure that the piston rod 14 of the servomotor 13 moves at the same speed at different hydraulic fluid temperatures and thus that the highly dynamic movements for the vehicle steered wheels 3 are exact, the relative movements between the control parts 8, 9 of the servovalve 7 can be matched to the viscosity of the hydraulic fluid, which varies as a function of the hydraulic fluid temperature.
In a further development of the steering system, a second steering angle sensor 35 is arranged on the section 10 on the steering wheel side. The sensor 35 is connected via a signal line 36 to the regulating and control circuit 22 and detects the steering angle of the steering wheel 1. A comparison of the values of the second steering angle sensor 35 and of the first steering angle sensor 28 or 30 allows exact determination of the deflection of the steering parts 8, 9 of the servovalve 7. On one hand, the control of the servovalve 7 is thus improved. On the other hand, the torque which is present at the servovalve 7 or is present in the steering run 2 can be determined and checked.
Furthermore, a pressure sensor 37 can be connected to the pressure side of the hydraulic fluid pump 20. Its measurement signals are transmitted to the control and regulating arrangement 22. The control or regulation of the servomotor 13 can then be influenced as a function of this hydraulic pressure.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS4509611 *Oct 13, 1983Apr 9, 1985General Motors CorporationAdaptive controller for electric power steeringUS5236335 *Nov 14, 1991Aug 17, 1993Nippondenso Co., Ltd.Front-wheel steering systemUS5373911 *Sep 21, 1993Dec 20, 1994Aisin Seiki Kabushiki KaishaVehicle guidance control systemUS5862878 *Dec 16, 1996Jan 26, 1999Mercedes-Benz AgHydraulic power steering systemUS5893427 *Jan 27, 1997Apr 13, 1999Mercedes-Benz AgHydraulic power steering for motor vehiclesUS5913375 *Aug 29, 1996Jun 22, 1999Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaVehicle steering force correction systemUS6050359 *Mar 2, 1998Apr 18, 2000Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.Steering system for vehicleUS6053270 *Nov 1, 1996Apr 25, 2000Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaSteering angle correcting system in vehicleUS6076626 *Feb 18, 1997Jun 20, 2000Daimlerchrysler AgSteering system for multi-track motor vehiclesUS6092618 *Oct 31, 1997Jul 25, 2000General Motors CorporationElectro-hydraulic power steering control with fluid temperature and motor speed compensation of power steering load signalUS6138788 *Dec 11, 1998Oct 31, 2000Daimlerchrysler AgVehicle steering systemDE4025697A1Aug 14, 1990Feb 20, 1992Danfoss AsLenkeinrichtungDE19540956A Title not availableDE19645404A1Nov 4, 1996Aug 7, 1997Toyota Motor Co LtdAutomatic steering system for motor vehicleJPH08276857A Title not availableJPH09254803A Title not availableJPS6320261A Title not availableJPS63164081A Title not available* Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS6794842 *Dec 19, 2000Sep 21, 2004Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki KaishaServomotor drive control systemUS7510038 *Jun 10, 2004Mar 31, 2009Delphi Technologies, Inc.Steering system with lane keeping integrationUS7711464Jan 25, 2008May 4, 2010Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc.Steering system with lane keeping integrationUS8375809 *Mar 2, 2010Feb 19, 2013Hamilton Sundstrand CorporationLoad monitoring for electromechanical systemsUS20110214514 *Mar 2, 2010Sep 8, 2011Hamilton Sundstrand CorporationLoad monitoring for electromechanical systemsCN100554062CSep 15, 2005Oct 28, 2009罗伯特�博世有限公司Device for keeping a vehicle in its traffic lane* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification180/167, 180/417International ClassificationB62D1/28, G05D1/02, B62D5/087, G08G1/16, B62D5/06, B62D6/00, B60R21/00, B62D5/083, B62D15/02, B60W30/00Cooperative ClassificationB60T2201/08, B62D15/025, B60T2201/087, B62D1/28European ClassificationB62D15/02F, B62D1/28Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionOct 20, 2009FPExpired due to failure to pay maintenance feeEffective date: 20090828Aug 28, 2009LAPSLapse for failure to pay maintenance feesMar 9, 2009REMIMaintenance fee reminder mailedFeb 25, 2005FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Nov 8, 1999ASAssignmentOwner name: DAIMLERCHRYSLER AG, GERMANYFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BOHNER, HUBERT;MOSER, MARTIN;SCHROCK, WOLFGANG;REEL/FRAME:010367/0274Effective date: 19990819Owner name: DAIMLERCHRYSLER AG EPPLESTRASSE 225 70567 STUTTGARRotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services©2012 Google

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Home sweet Home! on Pinterest | Log Homes, Cabin and Tree Houses
decor, montana style
Overlapping sheers, very soft and romantic. To make it a bit less formal, let some of the panels drape a bit more loosely. The colors are not my thing, but I can see some potential by doing this with off-white or soft grey.
The #Eastern_Cougar was declared extinct in '11. We must work to save the rest of the #Cougars and big cats (Big Cats) http://dunway.us
Big Cat, Panthers, Mountainlion, Mountain Lion, Self Portraits, Catamount, Big Eye, Pumas, Painters
pretty much amazing campfire seat...
eutambemtenhoumblog11.blogspot.com
Keys Hooks, The Doors, Garage Doors, Front Doors, Deep Breath, Words Art, Keys Holders, Diy House Warm Gifts, House Warm Gifts Ideas
The would be great on the back of the garage door over the key holder!
Awesome use of usually wasted space. - fabuloushomeblog.com
Manzanita bench from Anthropologie. wah!!! Does the beach come with it?
from Anthropologie Manzanita Bench
Manzanita Benches, Beaches House, Beaches Chairs, Cool Beds, Gardens, Backyard, Hairstyles Ideas, Bohemian Furniture, The Beaches
more boho than urban, but I love it! bohemian furniture | Tumblr
manzanita bench - this would be great if it could be made from wood and branches and placed in the garden
This is on the beach, but I 'd love it to be in my backyard!
Beach House chillin haha
Good tutorial introduction to wire-wrapping stones. This kind of stuff always makes me want to buy a gazillion pliers and open a jewelry store :)
Jewelry Stores, Wire Wraps Stones, Tutorials Introduction, Stones Tutorials, Excel Tutorials, Beautiful Stones, Glasses Necklaces, Awesome Tutorials, Beaches Glasses
Great tutorial to put Papaw's beautiful stones to good use!
How to Wire-Wrap Beach Glass the Easy Way – Gayle Bird Designs. Awesome tutorial!
DIY wire wrapped stones
Wire-wrapping stones tutorial.
Excellent tutorial by artist Gayle Bird on wire-wrapping stones.

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Front Door (1,061)
Single (1,907)
16,195 stair lighting Entry Design Photos
Page 245 of Many Find an Ashburn Pro Grow Landscapes, Inc.
Ideabooks384	Questions1	Outdoor lights...Hall light idea...Lights hung on the sides...lights, side windows"The main axis of the house allows a sight line all the way to the water upon entering the home. Tw — musicadvisor Embed
See My Projects SaveEmail	Covington Builders2 Reviews	Robinhood 2
Ideabooks259	Questions0	Love the glass and the light...Different numbers with lights....Entry lights...Love Doors and LightsFront Door?? — erinhansen Embed
Ideabooks271	Questions1	Lighting - use the LSC hanger?...door and light...Creativity! the lightFor my silo — irenehaley Embed
Ideabooks767	Questions4	ceiling light...bedroom hallway light...Table & light fixtureceiling — Sharon Grimm Embed
Ideabooks3,758	Questions2	Pillar light...Door and lightingLights — mmfrentress Embed
Ideabooks1,057	Questions2	specialty doors , rug, lightinglight and feel...Pendant lightUse wood chest to warm up the space? — amyshafferhouse Embed
Ideabooks486	Questions2	Great touch of lighting fixture!cool light...wall and light...Sculptures and lighting...light fixtures...v good lightPared con silueta — valmazanr Embed
Ideabooks671	Questions2	color, lighting with darker tile colorwood panel ceilings and how light enters foyerLighting for ceiling...ceiling light rails...Lighting in cielingRoofline mix steel n wood — tristinatl Embed
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$1,157.20 242243244245246247248Next Page Embed photo

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pmbureau comments on Linux/Cdorked.A - A new Apache backdoor is being used in the wild to serve Blackholejump to contentmy subredditsannouncementsArtAskRedditaskscienceawwblogbookscreepydataisbeautifulDIYDocumentariesEarthPornexplainlikeimfiveFitnessfoodfunnyFuturologygadgetsgamingGetMotivatedgifshistoryIAmAInternetIsBeautifulJokesLifeProTipslistentothismildlyinterestingmoviesMusicnewsnosleepnottheonionOldSchoolCoolpersonalfinancephilosophyphotoshopbattlespicsscienceShowerthoughtsspacesportstelevisiontifutodayilearnedTwoXChromosomesUpliftingNewsvideosworldnewsWritingPromptsedit subscriptionsfront-all-random | IAmA-television-sports-funny-WritingPrompts-explainlikeimfive-philosophy-askscience-InternetIsBeautiful-GetMotivated-DIY-LifeProTips-personalfinance-listentothis-nottheonion-creepy-history-news-movies-Documentaries-videos-photoshopbattles-Futurology-mildlyinteresting-gadgets-dataisbeautiful-UpliftingNews-tifu-Fitness-Music-worldnews-todayilearned-aww-Art-books-nosleep-science-OldSchoolCool-TwoXChromosomes-space-Showerthoughts-Jokes-gifs-food-EarthPorn-gaming-AskReddit-picsmore »reddit.com netseccommentsrelatedother discussions (2)want to join? login or register in seconds|Englishlimit my search to /r/netsecuse the following search parameters to narrow your results:subreddit:subredditfind submissions in "subreddit"author:usernamefind submissions by "username"site:example.comfind submissions from "example.com"url:textsearch for "text" in urlselftext:textsearch for "text" in self post contentsself:yes (or self:no)include (or exclude) self postsnsfw:yes (or nsfw:no)include (or exclude) results marked as NSFWe.g. subreddit:aww site:imgur.com dogsee the search faq for details.advanced search: by author, subreddit...this post was submitted on 26 Apr 2013184 points (95% upvoted)shortlink: remember mereset passwordloginSubmit ContentStart Discussionnetsecsubscribeunsubscribe109,926 readers~69 users here nowA community for technical news and discussion of information security and closely related topics.
a community for 7 yearsmessage the moderatorsMODERATORSjedbergsanitybitdguidojukenasteriskpoundstormehhHockeyInJuneKatana__Blazing CrimsonranokTrusted ContributorAutoModerator...and 1 more »183184185Linux/Cdorked.A - A new Apache backdoor is being used in the wild to serve Blackhole (welivesecurity.com)submitted 1 year ago by jnazario13 commentssharecancelsorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onloading...sorted by: bestbesttopnewhotcontroversialoldrandomyou are viewing a single comment's thread.view the rest of the comments →[–]pmbureau 7 points8 points9 points 1 year ago (0 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onThe problem when you get a trojanized binary is that the admin doesn't know how the attacker got in. This is the case here. I suspect two infection vector: 1) cpanel exploit (http://cpanel.net/exim-remote-code-execution-vulnerability-notification-cve-2012-5671/)
2) Weak / stolen credentials. We are seeing a lot of (windows) password stealers out there, if a client machine gets infected, the credentials for its web servers are stolen, sold somewhere, and the attacker can then access a lot of webservers.
I suspect most big campaigns of backdoored webservers are a combinaison of "classic" infection vectors.
username:try anotheravailable!account recovery email: (optional)we only send email at your requestpassword:verify password:remember mecreate accountis it really that easy? only one way to find out...loginalready have an account and just want to login?username:password:remember merecover passwordloginclose this windowinterface languageEnglish [en]العربية [ar]Беларуская мова [be]български език [bg]Bosanski [bs]català [ca]česky [cs]dansk [da]Deutsch [de]Ελληνικά [el]English (Australia) [en-au]English (Canadian) [en-ca]English (Great Britain) [en-gb]English [en-us]Esperanto [eo]español [es]español [es-ar]eesti keel [et]Euskara [eu]فارسی [fa]suomi [fi]français [fr]Gàidhlig [gd]עברית [he]मानक हिन्दी [hi]hrvatski [hr]Magyar [hu]Հայերեն լեզու [hy]Bahasa Indonesia [id]íslenska [is] (*)italiano (Italy) [it]日本語 [ja]ಕನ್ನಡ [kn_IN]한국어 [ko]Latin [la]1337 [leet]LOL [lol]lietuvių kalba [lt]latviešu valoda [lv]Nederlands [nl]Nynorsk [nn]Norsk [no]Arrrrrrrr! [pir]polski [pl]português [pt] (*)português [pt-pt]português brasileiro [pt_BR]română [ro]русский [ru]slovenčina [sk]slovenščina [sl]српски језик [sr]Srpski [sr-la]Svenska [sv]தமிழ் [ta]ภาษาไทย [th]Türkçe [tr]українська мова [uk]Tiếng Việt [vi]中文 [zh] (*) incomplete volunteer to translateπ Rendered by PID 2490 on app-38 at 2014-09-21 12:18:23.605438+00:00 running c7be8f7 country code: US.

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Claim Processor Jobs, Employment in North Carolina
Claim Processor jobs in North Carolina
View all Value Options jobs in Morrisville, NC - Morrisville jobsSalary Search: Spv Claim salaries in Morrisville, NCLearn more about working at Value OptionsRelated forums: Morrisville, North Carolina - ValueOptions - -
View all Asurion jobs in Raleigh, NC - Raleigh jobsSalary Search: Work At Home North Carolina salaries in Raleigh, NCLearn more about working at AsurionRelated forums: Raleigh, North Carolina - Asurion - -
Exceptions Management Analyst
Researching and resolving unapplied cash related to open claims. Performing detailed analysis on open receivables and contacting PBM’s, industry payers and...
View all Inmar jobs in Winston-Salem, NC - Winston-Salem jobsSalary Search: Exception Management Analyst salaries in Winston-Salem, NCLearn more about working at InmarRelated forums: Inmar - Winston-salem, North Carolina - -
The Claims Processors are responsible for the adjudication of behavioral health care claims using client benefit and provider payment schedules....
View all Value Options jobs in Morrisville, NC - Morrisville jobsSalary Search: Claim Processor salaries in Morrisville, NCLearn more about working at Value OptionsRelated forums: Morrisville, North Carolina - ValueOptions - Claims Processor
Previous experience working in a claims, finance or analyst background. Immediate opening in the Stokesdale/Oak Ridge area for a temp to hire Mortgage Claims...
View all Kelly Services jobs in Stokesdale, NC - Stokesdale jobsSalary Search: Mortgage Claim Processor salaries in Stokesdale, NCLearn more about working at Kelly ServicesRelated forums: Kelly Services - Stokesdale, North Carolina - -
Back up and/or assist Data Processor and Accessory Processor as needed. Provide assistance and process claims for dealers on defective upholstery, casegoods,...
View all Heritage Home Group jobs in Hickory, NC - Hickory jobsSalary Search: Customer Service Representative salaries in Hickory, NCLearn more about working at Heritage Home GroupRelated forums: Hickory, North Carolina - Heritage Home Group - -
Knowledge of medical terminology, claims, and accounts receivable. The Patient Referral Processor has a broad range of responsibilities including;...
View all Advanced Home Care jobs in Wilmington, NC - Wilmington jobsSalary Search: Patient Referral Processor salaries in Wilmington, NCLearn more about working at Advanced Home CareRelated forums: Wilmington, North Carolina - Advanced Home Care - -
Medicare Insurance Account Rep
Responsible for timely identification and resolution of Medicare claims which include reviewing and/or processing vouchers, working ages trial balances,...
View all Murphy Medical Center jobs in Murphy, NC - Murphy jobsSalary Search: Medicare Insurance Account Representative salaries in Murphy, NCLearn more about working at Murphy Medical CenterRelated forums: Murphy Medical Center - Murphy, North Carolina - -
View all Advanced Home Care jobs in Cary, NC - Cary jobsSalary Search: Patient Referral Processor salaries in Cary, NCLearn more about working at Advanced Home CareRelated forums: Advanced Home Care - Cary, North Carolina - -
Get email updates for the latest Claim Processor jobs in North Carolina
Company with Claim Processor jobs

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text:
Burberry Canvas Shoulder Bags | eBay
Burberry Canvas Shoulder Bags
Preowned, great condition. ( please see photo for condition) 100% Authentic, comes with original dust bag and tag. Please note, stained dust bag as per photo. The bag was kept very well and was lightly used. Normal wear and tear only. Please message me if you wish to see more photos. All photos are from actual bag. 1 only. Size: 33*13*26cm SERIOUS BUYER ONLY!!!! Local pick up only around Kogarah area, NSW
Authentic Burberry Signature Bag Women Brown Textile Handbag Christmas Gift
Authentic Large Burberry Women Brown Textile Tote Handbag, as seen on photos. Leather and hard wear show general signs of use and wear, see photos for details and current condition.The hardware shows some sign of wear due to age but not too visible when bag is used, see photos.
This is an authentic Burberry Canvas shoulder bag. The color around the base corners and the side of the bag are faded out a bit. One of the corner side is broken. Black Canvas Burberry handbag. 100% Authentic!
Light scratches at the bottom and side of bag eg can be seen in pic #3. Measurements: 35cm (width) x 38cm (height from bottom of bag up to handle) x 2cm (depth).
0 bidsEnding 29 Oct at 21:50 AEDST7d 12hLocal pickup
Burberry Women's Leather Shoulder Bags
Fendi Canvas Shoulder Bags

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text:
Givenchy Pearl Necklace | eBay Skip to main contenteBayShop bycategoryEnter your search keywordAll Categories Advanced or register':' style="margin-right:3px">Hi, #USER#!'.replace(/#USER#/,a))+"")}catch(b){document.write("")}})();Hi, (Sign in to bid or buy)Daily DealsSellCustomer SupportMy eBayExpand My eBayNotifications
View all Givenchy Necklace
Promoted item:Givenchy Silvertone Pearl w Clear Swarovski Crystal Spacers Necklace
Givenchy Silvertone Pearl w Clear Swarovski Crystal Spacers Necklace
Givenchy Silvertone Pearl w Clear Swarovski Crystal Spacers Necklace measures appx. 16 " with 3 " extender. Oroginal list $ 78
27d 13h 1m Shipping
Seller id avalondune Seller feedback score 100% Positive Feedback
avalondune (3095
Vintage Signed GIVENCHY Gold-Tone Metal Rhinestone Cabochon Faux Pearl Necklace
This auction is for a vintage necklace. It is made from gold-tone metal and is set with a molded dark blue oval glass cabochon, round pale green and purple rhinestones and faux pearls. 21h 50m left
Vintage Rare Givenchy Pearl Beaded Necklace
Rare Vintage Givenchy Pearl Necklace Signed Double Strand Knotted Faux Beads andcolorful crystals necklace. It is signed Givenchy. Necklace is about 15 1/4" long. Necklace is in good vintage condition...
NWT Givenchy Pearl and Crystal Pendant Necklace Silver Tone
Brand New With Tag Givenchy Pearl and Crystal Pendant Necklace Silver Tone. This necklace has a faux white pearl surrounded by crystals and set in imitation rhodium. This gorgeous versatile pendant ne...
GIVENCHY DESIGNER Silver Ribbon Clear CZ Necklace
Signed vintage piece from designer GIVENCHY. 3 Clear CZ pendant measuring a total height of 1" and a width of .5" Silver ribbon is adjustable from 14" to 17" Vintage necklace has been previous owned b...
Buy It Now Givenchy Gold Tone Faux Pearl and Crystal Pendant Necklace Approximate drop : 3/4" If you have any questions please email me I check my email daily. All International buyers - please note that you will have to pay import tax if your purchase exceeds your coun...
New! Genuine Givenchy Pearl & Crystal Necklace with Gift Box - Retail $55
Genuine Givenchy Pearl Crystal Necklace with department store gift box. This beautiful necklace is ready to go as a wonderful gift! Retail price: $55.
Vintage GIVENCHY Necklace LONG 37" Glass Pearl Logo Runway Haute Couture Toggle
WITH MATCHING DANGLE EARRINGS
Here is a stunning, vintage, givenchy necklace. It is a gold tone, chain link necklace with 2 large pearls,glass cabuchons and gold tone logo beads. It measures 37 inches long and has a toggle clasp. 1d 13h 57m left
Authentic GIVENCHY Couture Swarovski Crystal Faux Baroque Pearl 24" Necklace NEW
This is an absolutely elegant and rare couture runway necklace by GIVENCHY. Stamping on the clasp is [© GIVENCHY PARIS NEW YORK]. Tags are [BIJOUX GIVENCHY PARIS NEW YORK with its logo] and ( SIMULATE...
1977 Givenchy G Clasp Faux Pearl Necklace 32" Signed Vintage Jewelry 205c
To view other Givenchy pieces we may have for sale, please click here:Givenchy. Marked 1977 Givenchy Paris New York. Lovely Necklace - Looks great wrapped! Measures about 32" - Just under 3/8" wide. 28d 10h 26m left
Item:vintage retro "givenchy" pearl beaded extra long necklace. AGE ORIGIN: VINTAGE RETRO "GIVENCHY" CIRCA THE 1980's. SIZE SHAPE: 38 INCHES IN LENGTH WITH 4" EXTENDER (GAUGE / THICKNESS OF BEADS = 6m...
Buy It Now NWT Auth. GIVENCHY Gold Chain White Pearl Crystal Accents Necklace $68
The necklace is gold colored chain with white faux pearls and Swarovski crystals accents in a center station. 100% Authentic. Measures approximately: 16" plus a 2" extender. Condition: New with Tags. 8d 20h 45m left
NWT Auth. GIVENCHY White Pearl Gold Swarovski Crystal Accents 16" Necklace $68
The necklace is gold colored with white faux pearls and Swarovski crystals accents. Measures approximately: 16" plus a 2" extender. 100% Authentic. Condition: New with Tags. 8d 18h 18m left
Vintage Givenchy Signed Faux South Sea Pearl Statement Runway GG Clasp Necklace
*Up for your consideration is this stunning large faux pearl and golden accented necklace signed Givenchy Paris New York Features Givenchys signature GG logo clasp This piece is signed on each side of...
Buy It Now NEW GIVENCHY CRYSTAL & PEARL PENDANT NECKLACE NWT~RV$88~EXCELLENT
Hallmarked Givenchy on neckchain. Large pendant necklace features clusters of white pearl and crystal set in imitation rhodium. Pendant measures 3 1/4" long x 1 1/4" wide. 7d 21h 8m left
NWT Auth Givenchy Simulated Pearl Yellow Crystal Long Beaded Necklace $125
The necklace is made of simulated pearls and light yellow Swarovski crystals to match the goldtone hardware. Necklace measures approximately: 40" long. 100% Authentic. Condition: New with Tags. 27d 0h 17m left
Givenchy Long Glass Pearl Necklace 36" NWT
Pearl size 8 mm. Approximately 36" long. Glass pearls. No closure. Item comes from clean smoke free home. Color brown/gold.
Givenchy Double Strand Faux Pearl Necklace 32" A vintage Givenchy double strand of faux pearls with a beautiful clasp which can be worn on the back of the neck or down the front where the clasp becomes a focal point for the pearls. 26d 14h 11m left
Givenchy Silvertone Pearl and Crystal Frontal Necklace - MSRP $68 New with Tags
Givenchy 3 Strand White Faux Pearl Necklace Very nice piece, The Pearls start in middle large and gradually get smaller to closer. Reg $125
NWT Auth. GIVENCHY White Pearl Swarovski Crystal Accents Necklace $65
The necklace is white faux pearls with silver colored discs with Swarovski crystals. 100% Authentic. Measures approximately: 16" plus a 3" extender. Condition: New with Tags. 29d 1h 5m left
Vintage GIVENCHY Pearl Necklace - Never Used with Tags - Runway Authentic vintage Givenchy necklace with drop pearls and gold beads. Heavy and impressive. Gleaming gold tone. Toggle clasp marked Givenchy. Never used, still with Givenchy Bijoux tags. 16" length.
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text:
Chick, Nancy L. 1968- [WorldCat Identities]
Chick, Nancy L. 1968-
5 works in 20 publications in 1 language and 2,034 library holdings
Most widely held works by Nancy L Chick
Exploring signature pedagogies : approaches to teaching disciplinary habits of mind( )
4 editions published in 2009 in English and held by 1,420 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Exploring more signature pedagogies : approaches to teaching disciplinary habits of mind by Nancy L Chick( )
11 editions published in 2012 in English and held by 607 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
What is distinctive about the ways specific disciplines are traditionally taught, and what kinds of learning do they promote? Do they inspire the habits of the discipline itself, or do they inadvertently contradict or ignore those disciplines? By analyzing assumptions about often unexamined teaching practices, their history, and relevance in contemporary learning contexts, this book offers teachers a fresh way to both think about their impact on students and explore more effective ways to engage students in authentic habits and practices. This companion volume to Exploring Signature Pedagogies covers disciplines not addressed in the earlier volume and further expands the scope of inquiry by interrogating the teaching methods in interdisciplinary fields and a number of professions, critically returning to Lee S. Shulman's origins of the concept of signature pedagogies. This volume also differs from the first by including authors from across the United States, as well as Ireland and Australia. The first section examines the signature pedagogies in the humanities and fine arts fields of philosophy, foreign language instruction, communication, art and design, and arts entrepreneurship. The second section describes signature pedagogies in the social and natural sciences: political science, economics, and chemistry. Section three highlights the interdisciplinary fields of Ignatian pedagogy, women's studies, and disability studies; and the book concludes with four chapters on professional pedagogies - nursing, occupational therapy, social work, and teacher education - that illustrate how these pedagogies change as the social context changes, as their knowledge base expands, or as online delivery of instruction increases. -- Book Description
SoTL in action : illuminating critical moments of practice( Book )
The scholarship of teaching and learning in and across disciplines( Book )
The Scholarship of Teaching and Learning In and Across the Disciplines by Kathleen McKinney( )
The scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) began primarily as a discipline-based movement, committed to exploring the signature pedagogical and learning styles of each discipline within higher education, with little exchange across disciplines. As the field has developed, new questions have arisen concerning cross-disciplinary comparison and learning in multidisciplinary settings This volume by a stellar group of experts provides a state-of-the-field review of recent SoTL scholarship within a range of disciplines and offers a stimulating discussion of critical issues related to interdi
Audience level: 0.10 (from 0.02 for Exploring ... to 0.79 for SoTL in ac ...)
Gurung, Regan A. R. Author Editor
College teaching College teaching--Research Communication in education Education, Higher Education, Higher--Research Education--Research--Methodology Effective teaching Interdisciplinary approach in education Interdisciplinary research Observation (Educational method) Teachers--In-service training Teachers--Professional relationships United States Universities and colleges--Curricula

value: This website is a union catalog that itemizes the collections of 15,637 libraries in 107 countries that participate in the OCLC global cooperative. It is operated by OCLC, Inc.


text:
LearnStreaming: students sharing the story of their learning
What can social media aggregation c... by Thomas Ho 1685 views
Curricular and Marketing Responses ... by Thomas Ho 765 views
Why Should I Care About Mobility by Thomas Ho 726 views
Boosting your personal brand by bui... by Thomas Ho 2363 views
WHY we ought to embrace technology in order to upgrade our ability to:
HOW social media could enable us to capture students’ learning artifacts so that we could assess learning while we could also use social media to document teachers’ activity in their Personal Learning Networks for which they would be accountable to create and to harness for their professional development. We could think of these as students’ and teachers’ LearnStreams. Recently, I have assembled a collection of resources to demonstrate how I am currently capturing my personal LearnStream.
Once we have these LearnStreams, we could publish them to demonstrate our students’ learning and teachers’ professional development in order to “tell our story” in a more compelling way to our constituents who we hope would then advocate for us as we build financial and political support for education.
1. Facebook Timeline:
Our students are already telling the story of their lives so let’s ask them to tell the story of their learning

2. Why do we care?
Assessment – capture students’ learning via Personal Learning Networks
Accountability – document teachers’ professional development via Personal Learning Networks
Advocacy – publish this learning & professional development activity to tell our story to our constituents

3. Lifestream = LearnStream
Capturing my LearnStream
Shows both sides of conversation
http://memolane.com/drthomasho
http://www.glos.si/drthomasho/
http://lifestream.fm/drthomasho

4. Resources
http://go.thomasho.co/howtolearnstream
http://about.LearnStream.info

5. Thomas Ho, Ph.D.
http://about.DrThomasHo.com
@DrThomasHo
Tom@DrThomasHo.com
http://plus.DrThomasHo.com (PLN)
http://facebook.com/ThomasHo
+1 317 288-1790 (Google Voice)

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