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Patent US7098414 - Integrated touch sensor and light apparatus - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA touch sensor is physically integrated with a light emitting device to provide a switching device with built-in backlighting. In some embodiments, the touch sensor and the light emitting device share electrical components....http://www.google.com/patents/US7098414?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7098414 - Integrated touch sensor and light apparatusAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS7098414 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 10/850,272Publication dateAug 29, 2006Filing dateMay 20, 2004Priority dateNov 20, 2001Fee statusPaidAlso published asCA2467820A1, CN1310429C, CN1615585A, EP1446878A2, US7361860, US20030159910, US20040238726, USRE42199, WO2003044956A2, WO2003044956A3Publication number10850272, 850272, US 7098414 B2, US 7098414B2, US-B2-7098414, US7098414 B2, US7098414B2InventorsDavid W. CaldwellOriginal AssigneeTouchsensor Technologies LlcExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (18), Referenced by (11), Classifications (33), Legal Events (3) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetIntegrated touch sensor and light apparatusUS 7098414 B2Abstract A touch sensor is physically integrated with a light emitting device to provide a switching device with built-in backlighting. In some embodiments, the touch sensor and the light emitting device share electrical components.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIGS. 1A�1C illustrate typical cross-sectional configurations of an LED, OLED and PLED, respectively, each of which can act as a touch sensor when configured according to the present invention;
FIGS. 2A�2C illustrate the separate layers and construction of an OLED or PLED that can act as a touch sensor;
FIGS. 3A�3B illustrate the basic construction of a capacitive touch sensor;
FIGS. 4A�4B illustrate the basic construction of a touch switch assembly including a typical touch switch with an integrated control circuit in close proximity to the touch sensor;
FIG. 4C illustrates a schematic representation of the integrated control circuit of FIGS. 4A�4B including the input stage and block diagrams of the processing and latch circuits;
FIGS. 5A�5D illustrate the separate layers and construction of the capacitive touch sensor of FIGS. 3A�3B integrated with an OLED or PLED backlighting device;
FIG. 5E illustrates a schematic representation of a drive circuit for separately stimulating a two-by-two matrix of the integrated touch sensors and light emitting devices of FIGS. 5A�5D;
FIGS. 5F�5G are timing diagrams for the drive circuit of FIG. 5E;
FIGS. 6A�6E illustrate the separate layers and construction of a bottom-emitting integrated light emitting capacitive touch sensor wherein the electrodes of the touch sensor are conducting layers of the light emitting device;
FIGS. 7A�7D illustrate the separate layers and construction of a top-emitting integrated light emitting capacitive touch sensor wherein the electrodes of the touch sensor are conducting layers of the light emitting device;
FIG. 8A illustrates a schematic of a drive circuit for a two-by-two matrix of the integrated light emitting touch sensors of FIGS. 6A�7D;
FIGS. 9A�9D illustrate the separate layers and construction of an integrated touch switch assembly including the capacitive touch switch assembly of FIGS. 4A�4B integrated with a light emitting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 9E illustrates a schematic representation of a drive circuit for a two-by-two matrix of the integrated touch switch assemblies of FIGS. 9A�9D;
FIGS. 10A�10E illustrate the separate layers and construction of a bottom-emitting integrated light emitting touch switch assembly wherein the inner electrode of the touch switch assembly is a conductive layer of the light emitting device;
FIGS. 11A�11B illustrate a schematic representation of control circuits for the integrated touch switch assembly of FIG. 10A�10E;
FIGS. 12A�12E illustrate the separate layers and construction of a bottom-emitting integrated light emitting touch switch assembly wherein the electrode of the touch switch assembly is a conductive layer of the light emitting device;
FIGS. 13A�13D illustrate the separate layers and construction of a top-emitting integrated light emitting touch switch assembly wherein the electrode of the touch switch assembly is a conductive layer of the light emitting device;
FIG. 13E illustrates a schematic representation of a drive circuit for a two-by-two matrix of the integrated touch switch assemblies with integrated light emitting devices of FIGS. 10A�13D;
FIGS. 14A�14C illustrate the separate layers and construction of a bottom-emitting touch switch assembly according to the present invention including a capacitive touch switch assembly of FIG. 5A�5B and an integrated light emitting device;
FIGS. 15A�15B illustrate schematic representations of control circuits for the integrated light emitting touch switch assemblies of FIGS. 12A�13D wherein the electrode of the touch switch assemblies is a conductive layer of the light emitting devices (FIG. 15A illustrates the stimulation of the touch switch assembly electrode through the relatively large coupling capacitance of the light emitting device, and FIG. 15B illustrates the direct stimulation of the electrode of the touch switch assembly);
FIG. 15C illustrates a schematic representation of a control circuit for the integrated touch switch assemblies according to the present invention of FIGS. 14A�14D;
FIG. 15D illustrates a schematic representation of a control circuit for the integrated touch switch assembly according to the present invention of FIGS. 9A�9D;
FIGS. 16A�16J illustrate touch switches where the light emitting device is coupled with the touch detection electrodes but is neither atop nor underneath them;
FIGS. 17A�17J illustrate the configurations of FIGS. 16A�16J where the touch switches include an integrated control circuit proximate the touch detection electrodes;
FIGS. 18A�18D illustrate a touch switch where a light emitting device and an aperture in a touch detection electrode are aligned with an aperture in the carrier substrate and a transparent window in a decorative layer;
FIGS. 20A�20B illustrate a touch switch with an integrated electroluminescent light emitting device;
FIG. 21A illustrates a possible configuration of the input and output lines of a logic circuit for a touch switch and integrated electroluminescent device depicted in FIGS. 20A�20B;
FIG. 22A illustrates a possible configuration of the input and output lines of a logic circuit for a two-by-two matrix of touch switches and integrated electroluminescent devices depicted in FIGS. 20A�20B;
FIGS. 1A�1C illustrate the separate layers that make up typical light emitting devices. The light emitting devices illustrated in FIGS. 1A�1C are bottom-emitting light emitting devices, as would be evident to one skilled in the art, but could also represent top-emitting light emitting devices. The separate layers of each light emitting device shown in FIGS. 1A�1C can be disposed on substrate 20 using the techniques discussed above or any other suitable techniques known in the art. The separate layers of each light emitting device include anode 21, emissive stack 22 and cathode 23. In FIGS. 1A�1C, anode 21 is typically transparent and can be composed of indium tin oxide or other transparent electrode material. The composition of emissive stack 22 is slightly different for each device. Thus, in FIG. 1A, emissive junction layer 22 of the LED depicted can be a standard PN junction material, e.g., InGaN, GaP, AlInGaP, or GaAlAs. In FIG. 1B, emissive stack 22 of the OLED depicted can include hole injection layer 24, hole transport layer 25, emitting layer 26, which can be, for example, CuPc, NPB, and Alq3, respectively, and electron transport layer 27. In FIG. 1C, emissive stack of the PLED depicted can include a hole transport layer 25 and emissive layer 26, which can be PEDOT and PPV, respectively. One difference between the composition of emissive stacks 22 of the OLED of FIG. 1B and of the PLED of FIG. 1C is the relatively larger polymer molecules (not shown) in the latter. The configuration of the OLED of FIG. 1B provides for an efficient LEP, but other, less efficient, configurations can be used in any of the embodiments of the present invention described below. For instance, LEPs can include as few as one organic layer. The multiple layered configuration of the OLED (or PLED) depicted in FIG. 1B can vary depending on the application. Emissive stack 22 of FIGS. 1B and 1C can include HTL, ETL, other emissive organic molecules or composite materials. When these light emitting devices are configured according to certain embodiments of the present invention described below, they can exhibit a touch sensor field and can act as a touch switch when coupled to a control circuit. Each of these devices are compatible with the various embodiments described below. Where one device is used to illustrate an particular embodiment, it will be understood that other light emitting devices could be substituted.
FIGS. 2A�2C illustrate the separate layers and basic construction of a typical bottom-emitting PLED or OLED. FIG. 2A shows the anode 21, emissive stack 22 and cathode 23 of a PLED or OLED. Both anode 21 and cathode 23 include a trace, 36 and 37, respectively, that allows the PLED or OLED to be connected to a voltage source (not shown). FIG. 2B shows a bottom view of the assembled PLED or OLED, with anode 21 beneath emissive stack 22, which is beneath cathode 23. FIG. 2C shows the assembled PLED or OLED borne on substrate 20. Anode 21 can advantageously be transparent to allow light from emissive stack 22 to reach the surface of substrate 20. Other configurations of anode 21 can include a fine mesh or other configuration that, while not transparent, allows at least a portion of light from emissive stack 22 to reach the surface of substrate 20. In any of the configurations described herein, at least a portion of substrate 20 must be transparent or translucent if light is to pass therethrough.
FIGS. 3A�3B illustrate a capacitive touch sensor. FIG. 3A shows electrode 31 connected through trace 34 to square wave voltage source Vinput (in other embodiments, other voltage sources and waveforms may be used) and electrode 33, substantially surrounding electrode 31, connected through trace 35 to resistance Rouput. Voltage source Vinput induces an electric field between and about electrode 31 and electrode 33. FIG. 3B shows a cross-sectional view of the capacitive touch sensor of FIG. 3A borne on substrate 20. Surface 19 of substrate 20 prevent a user from directly touching or coming more than a minimum distance near electrodes 31 and 33. This creates capacitance Cinner and capacitance Couter between a user's appendage and electrodes 31 and 33, respectively, as shown in FIG. 3A. A user's approach toward or touch of surface 19 of substrate 20 can increase the capacitance between electrode 33 and the user's approaching or touching appendage. The increased capacitance increases the voltage at electrode 33. This increased voltage can induce a signal in a control circuit (not shown) to effect a response in an end device (not shown).
Other touch sensor configurations are also possible. Electrode 33 could receive the signal of voltage source Vinput and electrode 31 could send an output signal to a control circuit or a single electrode could both receive an input signal and send an output signal. A third electrode (not shown) can also be included in the touch sensor of FIGS. 3A�3B, preferably between electrode 31 and electrode 33. This third electrode could be connected to the signal of square wave voltage source Vinput. Electrodes 31 and 33 could then both be connected to a differential control circuit, which then could advantageously be configured to differentiate between the voltages induced in electrodes 31 and 33. For instance, a relatively large voltage induced in electrode 31 can cause the control circuit to generate an output to effect a response in an end device, while a relatively large voltage induced in electrode 33, or a comparable voltage induced in both electrodes 31 and 33, can cause the control circuit to generate no output or a different output so as to effect no response in an end device.
Touch sensors can be located on an input/output interface panel in a matrix pattern. FIG. 3C illustrates schematically a drive circuit capable of selectively activating the touch sensors of FIGS. 3A�3B arranged in a two-by-two matrix. Touch sensors TS1�TS4 are shown schematically. Each touch sensor involves a capacitance C1 between electrode 31 and electrode 33 and a capacitance CLED between electrode 33 and surface 19 of substrate 20. When a user of the interface panel of touch sensors touches or approaches the surface 19 of substrate 20, the capacitance between electrode 33 and surface 19 and the voltage of electrode 33 can increase. The touch induced voltage increase of electrode 33 prolongs the peak detected by AND gate AND as shown relative to input OSC in FIG. 3C. The change in voltage can be sent to an output gate, a control circuit or, ultimately, to an end device.
FIGS. 4A�4B illustrate a touch switch with integrated control circuit, wherein integrated control circuit 32 is located proximate touch sensor electrodes 31 and 33, which are connected to integrated control circuit 32 through traces 34 and 35, respectively. In FIG. 4B, the touch switch with integrated control circuit of FIG. 4A is shown, in cross-section, borne on substrate 20. FIG. 4C illustrates a possible configuration of integrated control circuit 32 of FIGS. 4A�4B. In FIG. 4C, oscillating signal OSC stimulates both electrode 31 and 33 through resistances Rinner and Router, respectively. Active devices M2 and M4 are connected to chip select signal VDD. Though NMOS active devices are shown, other devices could be substituted, including PMOS or bipolar active devices or resistors. The gates of active devices M1 and M3 are connected to electrodes 31 and 33, respectively. Though NMOS devices are shown, other types of active devices could be substituted including PMOS or bipolar active devices. The components of integrated control circuit 32 and electrodes 31 and 33 can be configured so that peak potentials developed at inputs POS and NEG can be substantially equal when no stimulus is applied to either electrode. Alternatively, the neutral state peak potential at input NEG can be relatively higher than at input POS to prevent unintended actuations of the processing and latch circuits 40 and 41, respectively. When a user-induced stimulus is applied at electrode 31, electric field capacitance C1 increases and the potential at electrode 31 increases. The potential at the gate of active device M1 will then temporarily be greater than the potential at its source, causing active device M1 to be biased on. When biased on, active device M1 will have a drain current that can be converted to a proportional potential by active device M2, causing the differential between the potential at inputs POS and NEG to change, in turn causing processor circuit 40 to close latch circuit 41 allowing current to develop across resistor Routput. The operation of one embodiment of processing circuit 40 and latch circuit 41 is more thoroughly described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,320,282. Other processing outputs and latch circuits could be used as well.
FIGS. 5A�5D illustrate a light emitting touch switch according to the present invention including the capacitive touch sensor of FIGS. 3A�3B and the light emitting device of FIGS. 2A�2C. The embodiment of the present invention depicted in FIGS. 5A�5D involves a touch switch and a light emitting device that are physically integrated but electrically separate. FIG. 5A shows the separate layers of the light emitting device, including anode 21, trace 36 connected to anode 21, emissive stack 22, cathode 23 and trace 37 connected to cathode 23. FIG. 5C shows the touch sensor including electrode 31, trace 34 connected to electrode 31, electrode 33, and trace 35 connected to electrode 33. Traces 34 and 35 could function as an output line, could be connected to a signal source or both. FIG. 5B shows the separate layers of the light emitting touch switch according to the present invention one atop the other, with the touch switch components of FIG. 5C, namely, electrodes 31 and 33 atop anode 21 atop emissive stack 22 atop cathode 23. In FIG. 5B, electrode 31 is aligned with and overlies anode 21, which is consequently not labeled. FIG. 5D shows the light emitting touch switch according to the present invention borne on substrate 20. Insulating layer 50 separates the touch sensor components of FIG. 5C from the light emitting device components of FIG. 5A. Insulating layer 50 can be SiO2 or any other suitable material and is preferably entirely transparent or transparent in certain areas, but may also be non-transparent. Anode 21 of the light emitting device is preferably transparent to allow light from emissive stack 22 to reach surface 19 of substrate 20, but can be otherwise, as discussed above. As indicated previously, at least a portion of substrate 20 must be transparent or translucent to allow light to pass therethrough to surface 19 thereof.
FIG. 5E illustrates a possible drive circuit capable of controlling the activation of a two-by-two matrix of the physically integrated but electrically separate touch sensors and light emitting devices of FIGS. 5A�5B. In FIG. 5E, the activation of individual touch sensors TS1�TS4 or columns of touch sensors is as discussed with reference to FIG. 3C, except that either electrode 31 or 33 of each of touch sensors TS1�TS4 could be directly connected to input signals TSCSELECT1 or TSCSELECT2 and the other electrode 31 or 33 of each of touch sensors TS1�TS4 could be connected to AND gate AND through corresponding switch SW1 or SW2 of analog multiplexer AMP. The activation of light emitting devices L1�L4 can be independent of the activation of touch sensors TS1�TS4 or else can be synchronized, or dependent on the activation of touch sensors TS1�TS4. For instance, a logic circuit (not shown) could activate the light emitting device or devices underneath an activated (i.e., ready for use) individual touch sensor or group of touch sensors. Alternatively, a logic circuit (not shown) could activate the light emitting device or devices underneath an activated and touch stimulated touch sensor or group of touch sensors. Other logic schemes also are possible. The activation of light emitting devices L1�L4 can be controlled by input signals LCSELECT1 and LCSELECT2 and LRSELECT1 and LRSELECT2 through AND gates AND3 and AND4. For instance, light emitting device L1 will be on, emitting light, when the output LRS1 of AND gate AND3 is high and input LCSELECT1 is low. In this state, current will flow through light emitting device L1, causing it to emit light. The drive circuit of FIG. 5E will be understood to be capable of activating either individual light emitting devices or columns or rows of light emitting devices.
FIGS. 5F�5G are timing diagrams of the drive circuit of FIG. 5E, wherein the timing of the activation of both the touch sensor and light emitting devices are shown. In FIG. 5F, the timing of the drive circuit is as described above with respect to FIG. 3C. FIG. 5F further shows how output AND_OUT of AND gate AND responds to a user's touch. For instance, at times T1 and T5, touch sensor TS1 is activated and the input 61 of AND gate AND can correspond to the potential at either electrode 31 or 33 of touch sensor TS1. When touch stimulated, output AND_OUT is high for a shorter interval during time T1 than when not stimulated. The activation and stimulation of touch sensors T3�T4 is similar to that of touch sensor T1. Also, though not shown in FIG. 5F, a row or column of touch sensors can be activated simultaneously, just as can an individual touch sensor, as can be understood from the description of the drive circuit of FIG. 5E.
FIGS. 6A�7D illustrate an integrated light emitting touch sensor wherein the conductive layers of the light emitting device, namely anode 121 and cathode 123, also function as electrodes of the touch sensor. FIGS. 6A�6E illustrate a bottom-emitting integrated light emitting touch sensor. FIGS. 7A�7D illustrate a top-emitting integrated light emitting touch sensor. FIGS. 6A and 7A show the separate layers of the integrated light emitting touch sensor, including anode 121, emissive stack 22 and cathode 123. Traces 36 and 37 are connected to anode 121 and cathode 123, respectively. FIGS. 6B and 7B show how voltage source stimulus Vinput can be connected through trace 37 to cathode 123 and how trace 36 can be a return line including resistor Routput. The layers of the integrated light emitting touch sensor are shown so that, in FIGS. 6B and 6C, anode 121 overlies emissive stack 22, which overlies cathode 123, whereas, in FIGS. 7B and 7C, cathode 123 overlies emissive stack 22, which overlies anode 121. FIGS. 6C and 7C show how the integrated light emitting touch sensors of FIGS. 6B and 7B, respectively, can be borne on substrate 20.
FIG. 8A illustrates a possible drive circuit for the integrated light emitting touch sensors of FIGS. 6A�7D. FIG. 8B is a timing diagram for the drive circuit of FIG. 8A. The drive circuit of FIG. 8A advantageously requires only four address lines to control the touch sensor and light activation and operation of the entire matrix. Minimizing the number of address lines conserves space on the substrate that bears the integrated light emitting touch sensors and also reduces the complexity of the manufacturing process. The touch sensor function of integrated light emitting touch sensors TL1 and TL2 is activated when output CS1 of AND gate AND5 is high, which occurs when the inputs of AND gate AND5, namely, oscillating signal OSC and CSELECT1, are both high. The analog multiplexer AMP, including switches SW1 and SW2, controls whether the potential at one or the other or both of integrated light emitting touch sensors TL1 and TL2 become input 61 of AND gate AND, the output AND_OUT of which forms the touch sensor response output of the matrix of integrated light emitting touch sensors. Inputs LSELECT1 and LSELECT2 control active devices M5 and M6, which in turn control the light producing current through the integrated light emitting touch sensors, such that, for example, when LSELECT1 is low, active device M5 is biased on and RS1 is high. Capacitance Cisolate can isolate AND gate AND from the effects of the light emitting operation of the drive circuit. As discussed above, although active devices M5 and M6 are shown as PMOS devices, NMOS, bipolar or other active devices can also be used.
According to FIG. 8A and the timing chart of FIG. 8B, at time T1, inputs oscillating signal OSC and CSELECT1 are both high causing output CS1 of AND gate AND5 to be high. Also at time T1, inputs LSELECT1 and LSELECT2 are both high, causing active devices M5 and M6 to be in high impedance mode, thus activating the integrated light emitting touch sensors TL1 and TL2. When input TRSELECT1 is high, switch SW1 will close and allow the signal from anode 121 of integrated light emitting touch sensor TL1 to reach AND gate AND, whose output AND_OUT is the response output of the drive circuit. Similar requirements exist for the activation of other individual integrated light emitting touch sensors or rows or columns thereof. As shown in FIG. 8B, when there is a touch stimulus to integrated light emitting touch sensor TL1, response output AND_OUT will persist for a relatively smaller portion of time T1 than when there is no stimulus. Stimulation of the other integrated light emitting touch sensors produces a similar response at response output AND_OUT. To activate the light emitting properties of integrated light emitting touch sensor TL1, output CS1 of AND gate AND5 must be low and input RS1 must be high. Under these conditions, current can flow from the anode to the cathode of the integrated light emitting touch sensors, causing them to emit light. As can be understood from FIG. 8B, active device M5 will be biased when its gate potential is lower than its source, as will occur when input LSELECT1 is low. When biased on, active device M5 will allow current to flow from anode 121 to cathode 123 of integrated light emitting touch sensor TL1. Integrated light emitting touch sensors TL2�TL4 operate in a similar manner. As can be understood from the drive circuit of FIG. 8A and the timing diagram of FIG. 8B, rows and columns of integrated light emitting touch sensors can be lit simultaneously as well. The timing diagram of FIG. 8B shows how the light emitting properties of the integrated light emitting touch sensors is synchronized. As discussed above, inputs CSELECT1, CSELECT2, TRSELECT1, TRSELECT2, LSELECT1 and LSELECT2 can be controlled by a logic circuit (not shown) to make the two modes of the system dependent on one another in any manner required for the particular application.
FIGS. 9A�9D illustrate the separate layers and construction of a touch switch with an integrated control circuit according to FIGS. 4A�4B physically integrated with, but electrically separate from, a bottom-emitting light emitting device. FIG. 9A shows the separate layers of the light emitting device, including anode 21, emissive stack 22 and cathode 23. Traces 36 and 37 connect to anode 21 and cathode 23, respectively. Anode 21 is preferably transparent to allow light from emissive stack 22 to reach surface 19 of substrate 20, but can be otherwise, as discussed above. FIG. 9C shows the touch switch with integrated control circuit of FIGS. 4A�4B, including electrode 31, integrated control circuit 32, electrode 33, trace 34 connecting electrode 31 to integrated control circuit 32 and trace 35 connecting electrode 33 to integrated control circuit 32. FIGS. 9B and 9D show how the separate layers of FIGS. 9A and 9C are integrated. FIG. 9D shows how the integrated assembly of FIG. 9B can be borne on substrate 20. Insulating layer 50 separates the touch sensor components of the touch switch assembly of FIG. 9C from the light emitting device and could also serve a decorative function. At least a portion of insulating layer 50 and substrate 20 should be transparent or translucent in order to allow light to pass therethrough from the light emitting device to surface 19.
FIG. 9E shows a possible drive circuit for the touch switch with integrated control circuit and integrated light emitting device of FIGS. 9A�9D arranged in a two-by-two matrix. As will be understood from FIG. 9E and from the preceding discussion, inputs of the drive circuit can be controlled by a logic circuit (not shown) to make the activation and operation of the touch switches and light emitting devices of the matrix behave dependently. The drive circuit of FIG. 9E includes buffers B2�B7 connected to inputs TRSELECT1, TRSELECT2, LRSELECT1, LRSELECT2 and outputs TCRETURN1 and TCRETURN2, respectively, and active devices M7 and M8, the gates of which are connected to LCSELECT 1 and LCSELECT 2, respectively. Inputs TRSELECT1 and TRSELECT2 control the activation of touch switch with integrated control circuit assemblies TSA1�TSA4. Outputs TCRETURN1 and TCRETURN2 respond to changes induced in the touch sensors of the touch switch with integrated control circuit assemblies TSA1�TSA4.
Light emitting devices L1�L4 receive inputs LRS1, LRS2, from buffers B4 and B5, respectively, and inputs LCS1 and LCS2 from active devices M7 and M8. Light emitting device L1 will turn on and emit light at time T1 when, as shown in FIG. 9F, output LRS1 of buffer B4 is high, i.e., when input LCSELECT is high, and input LCS1 is low. In this condition, active device M7 will be biased on and provide a current path from anode 21 to cathode 23 of light emitting device L1. It will be understood, as discussed above and from FIGS. 9E and 9F, how other light emitting devices or rows or columns of light emitting devices can be similarly activated. Though the activation and operation of the touch switch with integrated control circuit and light emitting device assemblies is shown as being synchronized in FIG. 9F, other methods of activating and operating the assemblies and devices are possible.
FIGS. 10A�10E illustrate the separate layers and construction of a bottom-emitting integrated light emitting touch switch with integrated control circuit assembly wherein the inner electrode 121 of the touch switch with integrated control circuit assembly is a conductive layer of the light emitting device. FIG. 10A shows the separate layers of the integrated light emitting touch switch with integrated control circuit, including anode 121, emissive stack 22 and cathode 23. FIG. 10C shows the touch switch with integrated control circuit assembly, including anode 121, electrode 33 and integrated control circuit 32. FIG. 10B shows the layers assembled into an integrated light emitting touch switch with integrated control circuit assembly. In FIG. 10B, traces 36, 37 and 35 connect anode 121, cathode 23 and electrode 33, respectively, to integrated control circuit 32. FIG. 10D shows a cross-section view of how the integrated light emitting touch switch with integrated control circuit assembly can be borne on substrate 20. In FIG. 10D, anode 121 overlies emissive stack 22, which in turn overlies cathode 23. Electrode 33 is borne on substrate 20 substantially surrounding the integrated light emitting touch switch with integrated control circuit assembly. FIG. 10E shows a schematic representation of capacitance C1 at surface 19 of substrate 20 and capacitance CLED between anode 121 and cathode 23. Integrated control circuit 32 of FIG. 10B can control the activation and operation of the touch switch and light emitting layers 22 of the integrated light emitting touch switch assembly. The integrated light emitting touch switch assembly of FIG. 10B can form a low impedance touch sensing device. Anode 121 is preferably, though not necessarily, transparent. The integrated light emitting touch switch with integrated control circuit assembly of FIGS. 10A�10E can be controlled by the control circuit depicted in FIGS. 11A�11B.
FIGS. 11A�11B show schematic representations of control circuits capable of controlling the integrated light emitting touch switch with integrated control circuit assemblies of FIG. 10. In FIGS. 11A�11B, integrated control circuit 32 produces a differential response output through logic and decision circuit 40 and latch circuit 41. In FIG. 11A, oscillating signal OSC from logic and decision circuit 40 activates electrodes 121 and 33 through the buffering configuration of active devices M14 and M15 and through electrodes Rinner and Router, respectively. Anode 121 is activated by oscillating signal OSC through the relatively large coupling capacitance of light emitting device LED. Active device M13 is shown connected to logic and decision circuit 40, to anode 121 of light emitting device LED through resistance RLED1 and to chip select signal VDD. Active device M12 is shown connected to cathode 23 of light emitting device LED through resistance RLED2, diode D1 and active device M14. During the touch sensing operation of the control circuit, active devices M13 and M12 are unbiased and in a non-conducting high impedance state and the operation of the control circuit is similar to the operation of the control circuits described with reference to FIG. 4C and in U.S. Pat. No. 6,320,282. During the LED drive operation of the control circuit, active devices M14, M13 and M12 will be biased on, conducting and low impedance, and chip select signal VDD will be applied to the source of active device M13, allowing current to flow with low impedance through resistance RLED1, anode and cathode 21 and 23 of light emitting device LED and resistances Rinner and RLED2. The current flowing through light emitting device LED will cause it to emit light.
FIGS. 12A�12E illustrate the separate layers and construction of a bottom-emitting integrated light emitting touch switch with integrated control circuit assembly wherein the single electrode 121 of the touch switch assembly is a conductive layer of the light emitting device. FIG. 12A shows the separate layers of the integrated light emitting touch sensor, including anode 121, emissive stack 22 and cathode 123. Trace 37 can connect cathode 123 to integrated control circuit 32, as shown in FIG. 12B. FIG. 12C shows the touch sensor including anode 121 and trace 36 connecting anode 121 to integrated control circuit 32 in single electrode mode. FIG. 12B shows how the separate layers can be assembled to form an integrated light emitting touch switch with integrated control circuit assembly. FIG. 12D shows a cross-section view of how the assembly of FIG. 12B can be borne on substrate 20. In FIG. 12D, anode 121 overlies emissive stack 22, which overlies cathode 123. FIG. 12E shows a schematic representation of capacitance C1 between surface 19 of substrate 20 and capacitance CLED between anode 121 and cathode 123. Integrated control circuit 32 of FIG. 10B can control the activation and operation of the touch switch and light emitting layers of the integrated light emitting touch switch assembly. The integrated light emitting touch switch assembly of FIG. 10B can form a low impedance touch sensing device. Anode 121 is preferably, though not necessarily, transparent. Also, at least a portion of substrate 20 should be transparent or translucent to allow light to pass therethrough from the light emitting device to surface 19.
FIGS. 13A�13D illustrate the separate layers and construction of a top-emitting integrated light emitting touch switch with integrated control circuit assembly wherein the single electrode 121 of the touch switch assembly is a conductive layer of the light emitting device. FIGS. 13A�13D are as described with reference to FIGS. 12A�12D, except that anode 121, emissive stack 22 and cathode 123 of the FIGS. 13A�13D embodiment are borne on surface 19 of substrate 20 and covered by decorative layer 59, while integrated control circuit 32 is borne on the other side of substrate 20, opposite surface 19, and connected to anode 121 and cathode 123 through substrate 20 via traces 36 and 37, respectively. To accommodate traces 36 and 37, substrate 20 can, but need not, include cutout sections or can be formed around the traces during manufacture of the touch switch with integrated control circuit assembly. Traces 36 and 37 also could be connected to integrated control circuit 32 using separate traces built into substrate 20. As discussed above, decorative layer 59 could be replaced by a second substrate (not shown) and can include transparent areas to allow light from emissive stack 22 to reach the user of the integrated light emitting touch switch with integrated control circuit assembly.
The activation and operation of a two-by-two matrix of the integrated light emitting touch switch with integrated control circuit assemblies of FIGS. 12A�13D can be controlled by the drive circuit of FIG. 13E according to the timing diagram of FIG. 13F. Other drive circuits and timing schemes also can be used. The drive circuit of FIG. 13E advantageously requires only four address lines, which, as discussed above with respect to FIG. 8A, conserves space and reduces the complexity of the touch switch matrix configuration and its manufacture. The drive circuit of FIG. 13E includes inputs CS1 and CS2, which control the touch switch activation of columns of integrated light emitting touch switch with integrated control circuit assemblies within the matrix, and inputs LEDSEL1 and LEDSEL2, which control the light activation of rows of integrated light emitting touch switch assemblies. Returns RS1 and RS2 are touch switch response outputs of the integrated control circuits 32 of the two rows of integrated light emitting touch switch assemblies. Buffers B9�B10 buffer the input signals and buffers B11�B12 buffer the response output signals. Active devices M10 and M11 can be biased on by inputs LEDSEL1 and LEDSEL2 to allow current to flow from the anode through the emissive layers and to the cathode of the integrated light emitting touch switch with integrated control circuit assemblies TL1�TL4 to produce light. The signals of the timing diagram of FIG. 13F are shown synchronized, but as discussed above, could be otherwise. At time T1, the touch sensor function of integrated light emitting touch switch assemblies TL1 and TL2 is activated because input CS1 is high. The touch sensor function of integrated light emitting touch switch with integrated control circuit assemblies TL3 and TL4 is not activated because input CS2 is low. Thus, at time T1, either one or both of integrated light emitting touch switch with integrated control circuit assemblies TL1 and TL2 could relay a touch stimulated signal to response output RS1 or RS2, respectively.
FIGS. 14A�14C illustrate the separate layers and construction of a bottom-emitting touch switch with integrated control circuit assembly according to the present invention including a touch switch with integrated control circuit assembly of FIG. 5A�5B and an integrated light emitting device. FIG. 14A shows the separate layers of the light emitting device and the touch sensor, including anode 21, emissive stack 22, cathode 23 and electrode 31. FIG. 14B shows how the separate layers can be assembled and connected through traces 34, 36 and 37 to integrated control circuit 32. FIG. 14C shows a cross-section view of how the assembly of FIG. 14B can be borne on substrate 20. In FIGS. 14B and 14C, electrode 33 is shown overlying anode 21, which in turn overlies emissive stack 22 and cathode 23. Insulating layer 50 separates electrode 31 from the layers of the light emitting device. Insulating layer 51 is preferably transparent and can be SiO2 or any other suitable dielectric material. Electrode 31 and anode 21 are also preferably transparent but, as described above, need not be. As shown in FIGS. 14A�14C, electrode 31 and anode 21 could be smaller than emissive stack 22, allowing the light emitting device to form a border or halo around even a non-transparent electrode 31 or anode 21. Thus, in certain applications, a transparent electrode and anode need not be used. A possible control circuit for the integrated light emitting touch switch assembly of FIG. 14C is described with reference to FIGS. 15C�15D.
FIGS. 15A�15B show schematic representations of possible control circuits capable of controlling the integrated light emitting touch switch with integrated control circuit assemblies of FIGS. 12D and 13D, involving anode 121. Anode 121 in FIGS. 15A�15B is connected to integrated control circuit 32 as described with reference to FIGS. 11A�11B. Here, resistance Rinner has been renamed Rtouch, because the integrated light emitting touch switch with integrated control circuit assemblies of FIGS. 12D and 13D do not include inner and outer electrodes. During the touch sensing operation of the control circuit, active devices M12 and M13 will be unbiased, nonconducting and high impedance, and the control circuit will operate in a manner similar to the manner described with reference to FIGS. 11A�11D, except that logic and decision circuit 40 will have only one input and therefore will not provide a differential output to latch circuit 41. FIG. 15B shows a control circuit capable of activating anode 121 directly and not through the relatively large coupling capacitance of light emitting device LED. During LED drive operation, the control circuit of FIG. 15B operates as described with reference to FIG. 11B.
FIG. 16A shows the electrodes 31 and 32 and traces 34 and 35 of a touch pad. FIGS. 16B�16J show light emitting devices LEDV, which can be, for example, inorganic semiconducting diodes, having anode 21, emissive junction 22 and cathode 23 coupled to electrodes 31 and 33 of the touch pad of FIG. 16A at anode 21 and cathode 23, respectively. The configurations depicted in FIGS. 16B�16J show how inorganic semiconducting diodes and other light emitting devices can, according to the present invention, be located in various locations relative to the touch pad with which they are coupled, including remote from the electrodes of the touch pad. Such configurations can provide flexibility in the design of integrated light emitting touch sensor devices and can at the same time offer simple addressing schemes, as shown in FIG. 19, described below. In FIG. 16B, light emitting device LEDV is oriented between electrodes 31 and 33 so that light can reach surface 19 of substrate 20 without having to pass through either electrode 31 or 33. Thus, electrodes 31 and 33 need not be transparent to allow light to reach surface 19 of substrate 20, shown in FIG. 16B. To allow light from light emitting device LEDV to reach surface 19, substrate 20 is preferably transparent. FIGS. 16C�16J, like FIG. 16B, each illustrate touch switches where a light emitting device is coupled with the touch detection electrodes 31 and 33 but is neither atop nor underneath them, allowing light emitted from light emitting device LEDV to reach surface 19 and obviating the need for transparent electrodes.
In addition to obviating the need for transparent electrodes, configurations according to this embodiment of the present invention (where a light emitting device LEDV is alongside the electrodes of a touch pad) can also provide other benefits. For instance, light emitted from light emitting devices LEDV in FIGS. 16E�16F can reach surface 19 at a location remote from the electrodes of the touch pad while also being integrated according to the principles of the present invention. FIGS. 17A�17J illustrate the configurations of FIG. 16A�16J where the touch switches also include an integrated control circuit 32 proximate the touch detection electrodes 31 and 33.
FIGS. 18A�18D illustrate a touch switch with integrated control circuit where light emitting device LEDV and an aperture 53 in touch detection electrode 31 are aligned with window 54 in substrate 20. In FIG. 18D, showing a cross-section view of the assembled touch switch with integrated control circuit and light emitting device, decorative layer 51 is disposed on substrate 20 atop electrodes 31 and 33. Decorative layer 51 is preferably either transparent or translucent, at least in an area aligned with light emitting device LEDV and window 54, to allow light from light emitting device LEDV to reach surface 18 of decorative layer 51. FIG. 18A shows electrodes 31 and 33 coupled to traces 34 and 35, respectively. In FIG. 18A, electrode 31 includes aperture 53. FIG. 18B shows integrated control circuit 32 coupled to traces 34 and 35. In FIG. 18B, trace 35 is also coupled to light emitting device LEDV. FIGS. 18C and 18D show the configurations of FIGS. 18A and 18B assembled together. In FIGS. 18C and 18D, aperture 53 is shown aligned with light emitting device LEDV. In FIG. 18D, substrate 20 is shown with window 54, which is also aligned with light emitting device LEDV. Window 54 is preferably also either translucent or transparent to allow light from light-emitting device LEDV to reach surface 18 of decorative layer 51. Alternatively, substrate 20 could be entirely translucent or transparent in place of incorporating window 54 into substrate 20. The touch switch depicted in FIG. 18D also has decorative layer 51, which can have a translucent portion (not shown) aligned with window 54 of substrate 19 or can be completely translucent and the like. Since electrodes 31 and 33 are on side 19 of substrate 20 opposite the side bearing integrated control circuit 32 and light emitting device LEDV, traces 34 and 35 must penetrate substrate 20 to be coupled to electrodes 31 and 33 as well as integrated control circuit 32 and light emitting device LEDV.
FIG. 19 illustrates an arrangement of four touch pads electrically coupled to four light emitting devices. In FIG. 19, light emitting devices LEDV1�LEDV4 are coupled to touch pads TP1�TP4, respectively, and both touch pads TP1�TP4 and corresponding light emitting devices LEDV1�LEDV4 are coupled to input/output pins P1�P4, respectively, which in turn can be coupled to an integrated control circuit (not shown). As shown in FIG. 19, light emitting devices LEDV1�LEDV4 can be remote from the touch pads of a touch switch and can at the same time be integrated according to the present invention.
FIG. 21A illustrates a possible configuration of inputs to and outputs from a logic circuit 40 for the touch switch with integrated electroluminescent device of FIGS. 20A�20B. In FIG. 21A, surface 19 and electrodes 221 and 223 form capacitances Ctouch and CAC, as also shown in FIG. 20B. Electrode 221 is coupled through trace DRIVE 2 to the drains of active devices M33 and M34, the gates of which are coupled to outputs DRIVE 2H and DRIVE 2L, respectively, of logic circuit 40. Electrode 223 is coupled through outputs DRIVE 1 to the drains of active devices M31 and M32, the gates of which are coupled to outputs DRIVE 1H and DRIVE 1L, respectively, of logic and decision circuit 40. Electrode 221 is also coupled to input RETURN 1 and to resistance R1, which is coupled to the drain of active device M40, the gate of which is coupled to output SELECT 1 of logic and decision circuit 40. FIG. 21B illustrates a timing diagram for the configuration in FIG. 21A. Electrodes 221 and 223 receive alternating current signals from signal source AC (shown in FIG. 20B), which, in FIG. 21A, can originate in logic and decision circuit 40 and is communicated on traces DRIVE 1H, DRIVE 1L, DRIVE 2H and DRIVE 2L. The operation of the buffering configurations of active devices M31 and M32 and active devices M33 and M34, will be understood to allow an alternating current to develop on traces DRIVE 1 and DRIVE 2 when appropriately signaled by logic and decision circuit 40. FIG. 21B shows how the signals on traces DRIVE 1 and DRIVE 2 are opposite one another such that when the signal on trace DRIVE 1 is high, the signal on trace DRIVE 2 is low, and vice versa.
The light emitting electroluminescent device depicted in FIG. 20B can function as a touch switch when configured and signaled as shown in FIGS. 21A�21B. Trace DRIVE 1 will be high when output DRIVE 1H is high, biasing on active device M31 and allowing voltage PLUS to appear on trace DRIVE 1. When output SELECT 1 of logic and decision circuit 40 is high, as shown in FIG. 21B, active device M40 will allow current to pass through resistance R1 such that a voltage will develop on input RETURN 1. Also, when output SELECT 1 is high, the no signal appears on trace DRIVE 2. The voltage appearing on input RETURN 1 will be one value when no stimulus appears at surface 19 and a lower value when a stimulus does appear at surface 19. Specifically, a stimulus at surface 19 will increase the effective capacitance Ctouch and shunt to ground current that would otherwise develop a high voltage across resistance R1. This increased effective capacitance and shunting to ground will correspond to a smaller voltage associated with the stimulated state on trace DRIVE 2 and input RETURN 1 than would develop if there were no stimulus and no increased capacitance. This is shown in FIG. 21B. The configuration of FIG. 21A and the timing shown in FIG. 21B are illustrative only. Other configurations and other timing patterns, using either the configuration of FIG. 21A or another configuration, are possible as well, and will be understood by those skilled in the art of circuit design.
FIG. 22A illustrates a possible configuration of the input lines of a logic circuit for a two-by-two matrix of electroluminescent light emitting touch switches. In FIG. 22A, four electroluminescent touch switches ELTS1�ELTS4 are arranged in a two-by-two matrix and coupled through buffering devices including active devices M31�M38 to logic and decision circuit 40. Each electroluminescent touch switch operates in a manner similar to the manner described with reference to FIGS. 21A and 21B. FIG. 22B illustrates a timing diagram for the configuration in FIG. 22A. The configuration in FIG. 22A and the timing diagram of FIG. 22B illustrate how either one of two electroluminescent touch switches ELTS1�ELTS4 in a two touch switch column can create a signal on an input line RETURN 1 or RETURN 2 asscoiated with a stimulated state of the column. For instance, either touch switch ELTS2 or ELTS4 can be stimulated, shunt current and reduce the voltage on input RETURN 2, coupled to resistance R2 coupled to the drain of active device M41, when output SELECT 2 is high, as shown in FIG. 22B. For a stimulus to touch switch ELTS2 to create a reduced voltage on input RETURN 2, trace DRIVE 1 must be high and creating a potential on electrode 223 of touch switch ELTS2. For a stimulus to touch switch ELTS4 to create such a reduced voltage on input RETURN 1, trace DRIVE 2 must be high. As discussed above, other configuration or timing schemes are possible as well, as will be understood from the foregoing description.
FIG. 23 illustrates a touch switch with a liquid crystal integrated light emitting device that can replace the electroluminescent touch switches in the schematics of FIGS. 21A and 22A. In FIG. 23 alternating signal source AC is coupled to electrodes 221 and 223, which are on either side of liquid crystal layer 222 and are supported by spacers 64. Glass layer 60 and polarizer layer 62 are, in turn, on the outermost side of electrodes 221 and 223. Electrodes 221 and 223 form capacitance CAC and topmost glass and polarizer layers 60 and 62 form capacitance Ctouch. The light emitting operation of the liquid crystal light emitting device of FIG. 23 will be understood by those skilled in the art and the touch switch operation will be understood from the foregoing description of FIGS. 21A�22B.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS4532395 *Sep 20, 1983Jul 30, 1985Timex CorporationElectroluminescent flexible touch switch panelUS4878107Oct 29, 1986Oct 31, 1989Hopper William RTouch sensitive indicating lightUS5239152 *Oct 30, 1990Aug 24, 1993Donnelly CorporationTouch sensor panel with hidden graphic modeUS5471023 *Dec 23, 1992Nov 28, 1995Fujikura Ltd.Light illumination membrane switch with reduced size and improved light illuminationUS5521345 *Sep 30, 1994May 28, 1996Tokheim CorporationBacklit membrane keypadUS5573107 *Aug 8, 1995Nov 12, 1996Shin-Etsu Polymer Co., Ltd.Internally-illuminable push-button switch unitUS5594222Oct 25, 1994Jan 14, 1997Integrated ControlsTouch sensor and control circuit thereforUS5607048 *Dec 5, 1994Mar 4, 1997Fujikura Ltd.Light illumination membrane switch with reduced size and improved light illuminationUS5747756 *Sep 10, 1996May 5, 1998Gm Nameplate, Inc.Electroluminescent backlit keypadUS5856646Jan 9, 1997Jan 5, 1999Allen-Bradley Company, LlcErgonomic palm operated soft touch control with multi-plane sensing padsUS5900599 *Jun 20, 1997May 4, 1999Nihon Kaiheiki Industrial Company, Ltd.Switch for displayUS5901834Oct 9, 1997May 11, 1999Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki KaishaLighted switch illuminator and its fabrication methodUS5917165Feb 17, 1998Jun 29, 1999E.G.O. Elektro-Geraetebau GmbhTouch switch with flexible, intermediate conductive spacer as sensor buttonUS6035180Oct 7, 1997Mar 7, 2000Ericsson Inc.Communication module having selectively programmable exterior surfaceUS6100478Aug 24, 1998Aug 8, 2000Metro-Mark IncorporatedElectroluminescent keypadUS6234651Aug 3, 1999May 22, 2001Stanley Electric Co., Ltd.Touch sensitive switch with lightUS6310611Dec 8, 1997Oct 30, 2001Touchsensor Technologies, LlcDifferential touch sensor and control circuit thereforUS6320282Jan 19, 1999Nov 20, 2001Touchsensor Technologies, LlcTouch switch with integral control circuit* Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS7671289 *Jan 15, 2007Mar 2, 2010Nissha Printing Co., Ltd.Capacitance type light-emitting switch and light-emitting switch element used for such capacitance type light-emitting switchUS7719007Apr 30, 2008May 18, 2010Milliken & CompanyFlexible electroluminescent capacitive sensorUS7898531Dec 27, 2006Mar 1, 2011Visteon Global Technologies, Inc.System and method of operating an output device in a vehicleUS8089080 *Jul 23, 2009Jan 3, 2012Group Iv Semiconductor, Inc.Engineered structure for high brightness solid-state light emittersUS8099209Jun 13, 2008Jan 17, 2012Visteon Global Technologies, Inc.Multi-dimensional controls integrationUS8203466Apr 18, 2008Jun 19, 2012Illinois Tool Works Inc.Pulsed antenna capacitive touch switchUS8552936Aug 28, 2009Oct 8, 2013Koninklijke Philips N.V.OLED device with capacitive proximity sensing meansUS20080001766 *May 4, 2007Jan 3, 2008Touchsensor Technologies, LlcOn-line fluid sensorUS20110050583 *Jun 30, 2010Mar 3, 2011Gihoon ThoMobile terminalDE102011008317A1Jan 11, 2011Jul 12, 2012Schreiner Group Gmbh & Co. KgMethod for manufacturing capacitive switch that is utilized for switching of electrical signals for operating electrical equipment, involves carrying out application of layer and electroluminescence structure in single machine passWO2008131213A1 *Apr 18, 2008Oct 30, 2008Levi G FoxPulsed antenna capacitive touch switch* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification200/310, 200/600, 200/317, 200/5.00AInternational ClassificationA47F3/06, G09F3/20, A47B57/00, H03K17/96, H01L33/00, H01H9/00, H01H36/00, A47B96/02, A47F5/00, G09F9/30Cooperative ClassificationG09F9/30, A47F3/06, H03K17/962, A47B57/00, F25D2325/022, A47B96/025, F25D2331/803, A47F5/0043, H03K17/96, H03K2217/960785, G09F3/204European ClassificationH03K17/96C, G09F9/30, H03K17/96, G09F3/20E, A47F5/00D, A47F3/06, A47B96/02G, A47B57/00Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionMar 1, 2010FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Oct 7, 2008RFReissue application filedEffective date: 20080908Nov 21, 2006ASAssignmentOwner name: TOUCHSENSOR TECHNOLOGIES, LLC, ILLINOISFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CALDWELL, DAVID W.;REEL/FRAME:018543/0761Effective date: 20051017RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services©2012 Google


text:
Reconstitution of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis pupylation pathway in Escherichia coli. - PubMed - NCBI
1 selected item: 21738222
Cerda-Maira FA1, McAllister F, Bode NJ, Burns KE, Gygi SP, Darwin KH.
Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, MSB 236, New York, New York 10016, USA.
Prokaryotic ubiquitin-like protein (Pup) is a post-translational modifier that attaches to more than 50 proteins in Mycobacteria. Proteasome accessory factor A (PafA) is responsible for Pup conjugation to substrates, but the manner in which proteins are selected for pupylation is unknown. To address this issue, we reconstituted the pupylation of model Mycobacterium proteasome substrates in Escherichia coli, which does not encode Pup or PafA. Surprisingly, Pup and PafA were sufficient to pupylate at least 51 E. coli proteins in addition to the mycobacterial proteins. These data suggest that pupylation signals are intrinsic to targeted proteins and might not require Mycobacterium-specific cofactors for substrate recognition by PafA in vivo.
PMC3147258
10.1038/embor.2011.109
Pupylation of Mtb proteasome substrates in Escherichia coli. (A) Immunoblot analysis of total cell lysates of E. coli harbouring plasmids encoding components of the pupylation system and test substrates. The recombinant proteins produced in these strains are listed on the left. E11A, glutamate 11 to alanine; E10A, glutamate 10 to alanine. These glutamates are predicted to coordinate Mg2+. Asterisks indicate the lower-molecular-weight Pup∼FabD species similar to that observed in vitro (). The polyclonal rabbit antibody used to detect a relevant protein is listed below each panel. (B) Top: mutation of Lys 173 in FabD changed the pupylation pattern of FabD. Arrow indicates Pup∼FabD of the molecular weight observed in mycobacteria. Bottom: summary of MS/MS analysis of wild-type FabD purified from E. coli. Numbers represent abundance on the basis of spectral counting. (C) The Mtb proteasome substrate Ino1 was pupylated in E. coli expressing pupGlu and pafA. Dot indicates a faint cross-reactive protein in the pupGln lane (probably PafA–His6) that co-migrates with Ino1–His6. For all panels, all proteins, except Pup, have carboxy-terminal His6 tags. Induction of expression and immunoblot analysis are described in the Methods section. All data are representative of at least two independent experiments. DlaT, dihydrolipoamide acyltransferase; Dop, deamidase of Pup; Ino1, myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthetase; MS/MS, tandem mass spectrometry; PafA, proteasome accessory factor A; Pup, prokaryotic ubiquitin-like protein.
EMBO Rep. 2011 Aug;12(8):863-870.
Pupylation of E. coli proteins. (A,B) Immunoblot analysis of total cell lysates of E. coli strains harbouring plasmids encoding various components of the pupylation system. Mouse monoclonal antibodies to Pup (m-anti-Pup) were used to detect the E. coli pupylome. (C) Detection of pupylation over time in E. coli expressing pupGlu–pafA (top). Pupylation of E. coli proteins was not detrimental to bacterial viability up to 3 h after induction of pup–pafA expression (bottom). The addition of IPTG to cultures of strains containing the empty vector typically slows growth but does not kill the bacteria; therefore, we also enumerated CFUs from a culture of the same E. coli strain carrying empty pET24b(+). (D) Truncating PafA and Dop abrogated pupylation in E. coli. Left: immunoblot analysis of total cell lysates of E. coli expressing pupGlu and wild-type or mutant pafA. Wild-type PafA comprises 452 amino acids plus a His6 tag. 414, 430 and 441 indicate the last residue of the truncated PafA protein. Right: immunoblot analysis of total cell lysates of E. coli expressing pupGln–pafA and wild-type or mutant dop. Wild-type Dop comprises 505 amino acids plus a His6 tag. 423, 451, 468 and 479 indicate the last residue of the truncated Dop protein. None of the truncated proteins was epitope tagged. (E) Immunoblot analysis of total cell lysates of Mtb expressing different pafA or dop truncations. Induction of expression, lysate preparation and immunoblot analysis are described in the Methods section. These data are representative of two independent experiments. comp, complemented; CFU, colony-forming unit; Dop, deamidase of Pup; IPTG, isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside; Mtb, Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Myc; PafA, proteasome accessory factor A; Pup, prokaryotic ubiquitin-like protein; WT, wild type.
Analysis of the Escherichia coli pupylome. (A) The purified E. coli pupylome was sensitive to depupylation by Mtb Dop–His6. Samples were analysed by 12% SDS–PAGE and immunoblotting against Pup (left) or Coomassie blue staining (right). (B) E. coli Adk–His6 was pupylated in E. coli expressing pupGlu–pafA–his6. Ni-NTA-purified Adk–His6 was analysed by 12% SDS–PAGE and immunoblotting with polyclonal antibodies to Pup (top) or His5 (bottom). Question mark indicates possible species of Adk–His6 with several Pup molecules attached, or other pupylated proteins that copurified with Adk–His6. (C) E. coli PtsI–His6 was pupylated in Msm. The recombinant protein was purified from Msm using Ni-NTA chromatography and analysed by 10% SDS–PAGE. Molecular-weight markers and 15 μl of each sample were loaded onto the same gel twice. Proteins were transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane and the membrane was cut in half for immunoblotting with antibodies to His5 (upper panel) or Pup (lower panel). Question mark indicates possible species of PtsI–His6 with several Pup molecules attached. Adk, adenylate kinase; Dop, deamidase of Pup; Msm, Mycobacterium smegmatis; Mtb, Mycobacterium tuberculosis; MW, molecular weight; Ni-NTA; nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid; PafA, proteasome accessory factor A; PtsI, phosphoenolpyruvate-protein phosphotransferase I; Pup, prokaryotic ubiquitin-like protein; SDS–PAGE, SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Paf protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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New Techniques and Ideas in Quantum Measurement Theory: Daniel M. Greenberger: 9780897663564: Amazon.com: Books
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Mildred L Schroll Gladfelter (1919-1949) - Find A Grave Memorial
Mildred L Schroll Gladfelter
16 Dec 1949 (aged 30)
100043875 · View Source
It appears that she may have died during child birth
Roy Schroll
Beulah P. Crone Schroll
Myles Ness Gladfelter
Diane Kay Gladfelter
Find A Grave Memorial 100043875
Find A Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com : accessed ), memorial page for Mildred L Schroll Gladfelter (1 Nov 1919–16 Dec 1949), Find A Grave Memorial no. 100043875, citing Manchester Union Cemetery, Manchester, York County, Pennsylvania, USA ; Maintained by Corey & Douglas Marshall-Steele (contributor 47477063) .
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Great Lakes Inn: 2017 Room Prices, Deals & Reviews | Expedia
Map Old U.S. 31 Mackinaw City MI 1-866-599-6674
Situated in Mackinaw City, this motel is within a 15-minute walk of Animal Tracks Adventure Golf, Mackinaw Manor Haunted Mansion, and Spy Quest Laser Maze. Mackinaw City Dock and Mackinaw Bridge Museum are also within 1 mi (2 km).
An indoor pool, an outdoor pool, and a spa tub are available at this smoke-free motel. Free continental breakfast is provided, as well as free WiFi in public areas, free self parking, and a free casino shuttle. Additionally, coffee/tea in a common area, a meeting room, and laundry facilities are onsite.
All 46 rooms provide conveniences like refrigerators and microwaves, plus free WiFi and patios. Cable TV, coffee makers, and free local calls are among the other amenities available to guests.
150 Old U.S. 31 Mackinaw City MI 49701
In addition to an indoor pool, Great Lakes Inn provides an outdoor pool and a spa tub. Public areas are equipped with complimentary wireless Internet access. Guests can enjoy a complimentary breakfast. This business-friendly motel also offers tour/ticket assistance, multilingual staff, and coffee/tea in a common area. Complimentary self parking is available on site.
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MDM Bank - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
MDM Bank (Russian: Московский Деловой Мир (МДМ) Банк), literally meaning "Moscow Business World Bank" in English, is a Russian Joint Stock commercial bank, one of Russia's largest private banks based in Novosibirsk. As of August 2009, the bank completed a merger with Novosibirsk-based URSA Bank. The new bank will operate under MDM Bank brand name as an Open Joint Stock Company, but the merger is actually structured as an acquisition of MDM by URSA. The new corporate headquarters will be based in Novosibirsk. The merger was announced in December 2008;[1] MDM and URSA estimated that the new MDM Bank would have capital of US$2.5 billion and total assets of US$18.7 billion, although in practise the numbers ended up being somewhat lower.[2]
The MDM Bank was founded in December 1993 and holds a General Banking License issued by the Central Bank of Russia (#2361 dated 13 February 2003, which will be voided as the bank migrates under URSA Bank license #323).[3] It had one of the highest credit rating

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Patent US7827000 - Method and apparatus for estimating a motion parameter - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsA system for estimating motion parameters corresponding to a user. The system may generally include a receiver operable to receive a signal from an external source, an inertial sensor operable to be coupled with the user and arbitrarily oriented relative to the direction of user motion for generation...http://www.google.com/patents/US7827000?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7827000 - Method and apparatus for estimating a motion parameterAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS7827000 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 12/050,269Publication dateNov 2, 2010Priority dateMar 3, 2006Fee statusPaidAlso published asUS8060337, US20080214360, US20110022349Publication number050269, 12050269, US 7827000 B2, US 7827000B2, US-B2-7827000, US7827000 B2, US7827000B2InventorsRoss G. Stirling, James K. Rooney, Paul R. MacDonald, Christopher J. KulachOriginal AssigneeGarmin Switzerland GmbhExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (21), Non-Patent Citations (7), Referenced by (31), Classifications (28), Legal Events (3) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetMethod and apparatus for estimating a motion parameter
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS5525901Feb 2, 1993Jun 11, 1996Beaudreau Electric, Inc.Sensor systems for monitoring and measuring angular position in two or three axesUS5925001Apr 11, 1994Jul 20, 1999Hoyt; Reed W.Foot contact sensor systemUS6018705Oct 2, 1997Jan 25, 2000Personal Electronic Devices, Inc.Measuring foot contact time and foot loft time of a person in locomotionUS6032530Jan 21, 1998Mar 7, 2000Advantedge Systems Inc.Biofeedback system for sensing body motion and flexureUS6052654Jul 30, 1999Apr 18, 2000Personal Electronic Devices, Inc.Measuring foot contact time and foot loft time of a person in locomotionUS6305221 *Jun 14, 1999Oct 23, 2001Aeceleron Technologies, LlcRotational sensor systemUS6418181May 25, 2000Jul 9, 2002Polar Electro OyMethod and measuring arrangement for determining speed of runner, walker or another moving and living objectUS6493652Aug 21, 2000Dec 10, 2002Personal Electronic Devices, Inc.Monitoring activity of a user in locomotion on footUS6594617Jul 13, 2001Jul 15, 2003Applanix CorporationPedometer navigator systemUS6790178Sep 25, 2000Sep 14, 2004Healthetech, Inc.Physiological monitor and associated computation, display and communication unitUS6813582Jul 25, 2003Nov 2, 2004Point Research CorporationNavigation device for personnel on footUS6826477Apr 23, 2001Nov 30, 2004Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (Epfl)Pedestrian navigation method and apparatus operative in a dead reckoning modeUS6850844Jun 28, 2002Feb 1, 2005Garmin Ltd.Portable navigation device with integrated GPS and dead reckoning capabilitiesUS6876947Aug 21, 2000Apr 5, 2005Fitsense Technology, Inc.Monitoring activity of a user in locomotion on footUS6882955Aug 21, 2000Apr 19, 2005Fitsense Technology, Inc.Monitoring activity of a user in locomotion on footUS6898550Aug 21, 2000May 24, 2005Fitsense Technology, Inc.Monitoring activity of a user in locomotion on footUS6941239May 16, 2003Sep 6, 2005Hitachi, Ltd.Method, apparatus and system for recognizing actionsUS7200517 *Apr 4, 2005Apr 3, 2007Nike, Inc.Monitoring activity of a user in locomotion on footUS7254516 *Dec 17, 2004Aug 7, 2007Nike, Inc.Multi-sensor monitoring of athletic performanceUS7467060Mar 1, 2007Dec 16, 2008Garmin Ltd.Method and apparatus for estimating a motion parameterUS20060284979 *May 18, 2006Dec 21, 2006Sony CorporationActivity recognition apparatus, method and program* Cited by examinerNon-Patent CitationsReference1Fieschi M., et al., Jogging Support System with Portable Monitoring Device and Health Manage Software, 2004.2Micorsport-Your Personal Computer, published prior to Mar. 18, 2008.3Micorsport—Your Personal Computer, published prior to Mar. 18, 2008.4Notification of Transmittal of the International Search Report and the Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority or the Declaration, dated Apr. 27, 2009 from PCT/CA2009/000029, filed Jan. 15, 2009.5Suunto Discussions from http://www.suuntosports.com/discussions/forum-posts.asp?TID=57&FID=2, posting by wmi on Nov. 9, 2006.6Suunto Discussions from http://www.suuntosports.com/discussions/forum—posts.asp?TID=57&FID=2, posting by wmi on Nov. 9, 2006.7U.S. Appl. No. 12/021,116, filed Jan. 28, 2008.Referenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS8036850Nov 14, 2008Oct 11, 2011Garmin Switzerland GmbhMethod and apparatus for estimating a motion parameterUS8055469Nov 8, 2011Garmin Switzerland GmbhMethod and apparatus for determining the attachment position of a motion sensing apparatusUS8060337Sep 29, 2010Nov 15, 2011Garmin Switzerland GmbhMethod and apparatus for estimating a motion parameterUS8150624 *Nov 11, 2008Apr 3, 2012Northrop Grumman Systems CorporationSystem and method for tracking a moving personUS8483773 *Sep 3, 2008Jul 9, 2013International Business Machines CorporationTelephone ring extender system and methodUS8560267Sep 16, 2010Oct 15, 2013Imetrikus, Inc.Identifying one or more activities of an animate or inanimate objectUS8581731 *Feb 16, 2011Nov 12, 2013Connor Kent PurksCircuits, systems, and methods for monitoring and reporting foot impact, foot placement, shoe life, and other running/walking characteristicsUS8812258Aug 23, 2013Aug 19, 2014Numera, Inc.Identifying a type of motion of an objectUS8954289 *Feb 20, 2014Feb 10, 2015Fitbit, Inc.Methods, systems and devices for generating real-time activity data updates to display devicesUS8972197Sep 27, 2010Mar 3, 2015Numera, Inc.Method and system for analyzing breathing of a userUS9060714 *Dec 4, 2009Jun 23, 2015The Regents Of The University Of CaliforniaSystem for detection of body motionUS9095251Nov 11, 2013Aug 4, 2015Bryce Benjamin PurksCircuits, systems, and methods for monitoring and coaching a person's sideways spacing foot placement and roll, shoe life, and other running/walking characteristicsUS20080190202 *Jan 28, 2008Aug 14, 2008Garmin Ltd.Method and apparatus for determining the attachment position of a motion sensing apparatusUS20090076765 *Nov 14, 2008Mar 19, 2009Garmin Ltd.Method and apparatus for estimating a motion parameterUS20090240171 *Mar 20, 2009Sep 24, 2009Morris Bamberg Stacy JMethod and system for analyzing gait and providing real-time feedback on gait asymmetryUS20100056226 *Mar 4, 2010International Buisness Machines CorporationTelephone ring extender system and methodUS20100121572 *Nov 11, 2008May 13, 2010Berardi Stephen ASystem and Method for Tracking a Moving PersonUS20100176952 *Jul 15, 2010The Regents Of The University Of CaliforniaSystem for detection of body motionUS20100217533 *Sep 15, 2009Aug 26, 2010Laburnum Networks, Inc.Identifying a Type of Motion of an ObjectUS20100245078 *Sep 30, 2010Wellcore CorporationWearable Motion Sensing DeviceUS20110022349 *Sep 29, 2010Jan 27, 2011Garmin Switzerland GmbhMethod and apparatus for estimating a motion parameterUS20110035185 *Feb 10, 2011Thorsten HabelSensor-based Tracking of Variable LocomotionUS20110066064 *Mar 17, 2011Wellcore CorporationMethod and System for Analyzing Breathing of a UserUS20110066383 *Mar 17, 2011Wellcore CorporationIndentifying One or More Activities of an Animate or Inanimate ObjectUS20110140897 *Jun 16, 2011Connor Kent PurksCircuits, systems, and methods for monitoring and reporting foot impact, foot placement, shoe life, and other running/walking characteristicsUS20120016624 *Dec 29, 2009Jan 19, 2012Commissariat A L'Energie Atomique Et Aux Engeries AlternativesDevice and method for characterizing movementsUS20130053990 *Feb 24, 2011Feb 28, 2013Jonathan Edward Bell AcklandClassification System and MethodUS20140172362 *Feb 20, 2014Jun 19, 2014Fitbit, Inc.Methods, Systems and Devices for Generating Real-Time Activity Data Updates to Display DevicesUS20140257743 *Jul 1, 2013Sep 11, 2014Alpinereplay, Inc.Systems and methods for identifying and characterizing athletic maneuversUS20150290496 *Jun 25, 2015Oct 15, 2015Bryce Benjamin PurksCircuits, systems, and methods for monitoring and coaching a person's sideways spacing foot placement and roll, shoe life, and other running/walking characteristicsWO2013190835A2Jun 19, 2013Dec 27, 2013Seiko Epson CorporationPortable device* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification702/141, 702/160, 73/510, 73/492, 73/865.4, 73/489, 73/490International ClassificationG06F11/30Cooperative ClassificationA61B5/1038, A61B2505/09, A61B5/6823, A61B2562/0219, A61B5/6807, A61B5/1118, A61B5/1112, G01C22/006, A61B2503/10, A61B5/1123, G01C21/16European ClassificationA61B5/68B1D3, A61B5/11M, A61B5/11T, A61B5/11Q, A61B5/103P2, A63B69/00J, A63B24/00G, G01C22/00P, G01C21/16Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionMar 18, 2008ASAssignmentOwner name: GARMIN LTD., CAYMAN ISLANDSFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:STIRLING, ROSS G.;ROONEY, JAMES K.;MACDONALD, PAUL R.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:020664/0100Effective date: 20080314Sep 21, 2010ASAssignmentFree format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:GARMIN LTD.;REEL/FRAME:025019/0131Owner name: GARMIN SWITZERLAND GMBH, SWITZERLANDEffective date: 20100726Nov 27, 2013FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - 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FIFA 13 game for Microsoft Xbox 360 | eBay Skip to main contenteBayShop bycategoryEnter your search keywordAll CategoriesAdvancedDaily DealsCollectionsHi, (Sign in to bid or buy)My eBayExpand My eBaySellExpand SellCommunityExpand CommunityHelp & ContactExpand Help & ContactBasket
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Details about FIFA 13 game for Microsoft Xbox 360
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Product InformationFIFA 13 captures all the drama and unpredictability of real-world football. FIFA 13 with Kinect enables you to use voice commands to manage your club’s line-up and tactics without pausing the game shout directions on the pitch in Be A Pro and forces you to temper the way you talk to officials. Five game-changing innovations revolutionize artificial intelligence dribbling ball control and physical play to create a true battle for possession across the entire pitch deliver freedom and creativity in attack and capture all the drama and unpredictability of real-world football. All-new Attacking Intelligence infuses players with the most sophisticated artificial intelligence ever achieved. Players have the ability to analyse space work harder and smarter to break down the defence and think two plays ahead. Now every touch matters with the most comprehensive and intuitive dribbling system ever developed for the franchise. Inspired by the world’s best player Lionel Messi Complete Dribbling enables players to face their opponent and use precise dribble touches combined with true 360° mobility with the ball so it’s easier to be more creative and dangerous in 1v1 opportunities. FIFA 13 1st Touch Control transforms the way players control the ball eliminating near-perfect touch for every player on the pitch and creating more opportunities for defenders to win back possession. The second generation of the Player Impact Engine expands physical play from just collisions to off-the-ball battles between players. Defenders can push and pull for position and utilise their size and strength to force opponents into poor touches and decisions before the ball arrives. FIFA 13 Tactical Free Kicks provides the tools to create dangerous and unpredictable free kicks. Position up to three players over the ball and utilise dummy runs and more passing options to outwit your opponent. FIFA 13 delivers the largest and deepest set of game-changing features in the history of the franchise. Additional features and new modes will be revealed in the months ahead. Features: Attacking Intelligence— All-new positioning intelligence infuses attacking players with the ability to analyse plays and to better position themselves to create new attacking opportunities. Players will work harder and smarter to break down defences make runs that pull defenders out of position and open passing channels for teammates. Plus players possess an off-the-ball vision and the ability to think two plays ahead to create curve or alter runs to capitalize on openings as they occur. Complete Dribbling— Make every touch matter with complete control of the ball. Take on defenders with the freedom to be more creative in attack. Players are more explosive accelerating with the ball and utilise precise dribble touches with true 360° mobility with the ball while facing a defender. Face an opponent to threaten attack while moving with the ball in any direction to dodge tackles or turn and shield the ball maintaining position and holding off defenders for longer stretches. FIFA 13 1st Touch Control— A new system eliminates near-perfect control for every player by creating uncertainty when receiving difficult balls. Poor passes are harder to control enabling defenders to capitalize on errant balls and poor touches. Factors such as defensive pressure trajectory of the ball and velocity of the pass all factor into a player’s success. Players with better control and skill stand out. Fewer perfect touches the potential to over hit passes more opportunity for loose balls and greater balance between defending and attacking. Player Impact Engine—The second generation of the award-winning physics engine expands physical play from just collisions to off-the-ball battles giving defenders more tools to win back possession.Product HighlightsVideoProduct IdentifiersPublisherElectronic ArtsGameFIFA 13EAN5030930109738Key FeaturesPlatformMicrosoft Xbox 360ESRB RatingE - (Everyone)GenreSportsTech DetailsControl ElementsGamepad, JoystickReleased Year2012PEGI Age RatingAge 3+OnlineYesRegion CodePALGame SeriesFIFA	FIFA 13 XBOX 360VERY GOOD CONDITION
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| Mike Jones	Chicago Bulls expected to announce Fred Hoiberg as new head coach
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Nobody's fool (Livro, 1993) [WorldCat.org]
Achei que você talvez possa estar interessado neste item em http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/27066273 Título: Nobody's fool Autor: Richard Russo Editora: New York : Random House, ©1993. ISBN/ISSN: 0394577787 9780394577784 9780679753339 0679753338 OCLC:27066273
In 1750, without warning or apparent reason, the mineral springs of the colonial resort town of Bath, New York, ran dry. A little more than two hundred years later, after numerous warnings and for too many reasons, Sully, the unluckiest man in this unlucky town, isn't doing too hot either. He's broke, out of a job, and the owner of a dead pickup truck. The good news? Sully has the dumbest man in North Bath as his devoted friend, a long-suffering, long-married woman who loves him, a forgiving eighty-year-old landlady who converses with her late husband, a spastic doberman as a watchdog, and the finest one-legged drunken Jewish lawyer this side of Albany. Now, if Sully could only banish his father's slyly grinning ghost and earn his own son's respect, he might just turn the whole damn thing around. Nobody's Fool is a funny, roguish novel that captures the imagination and provides a rich journey into a special world peopled by characters so real, so vital, we feel we've known them all our lives. As he did with his critically acclaimed Mohawk and The Risk Pool, Richard Russo brilliantly invents an unforgettable and luminously magical time and place. And, in doing so, Russo secures his place among America's great writers and most captivating storytellers. Ler mais...
Encontrar mais informações sobre: Richard Russo
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The Gruffalo, Julia Donaldson 033396568X | eBay Skip to main contenteBayShop by categoryEnter your search keywordAll CategoriesAdvanced or register':' style="margin-right:3px">Hello -User-.'.replace(/-User-/,escape(a)))+"")}catch(b){document.write("")}})();Hello (Sign in to bid or buy)Daily DealsCollectionsMy eBayExpand My eBaySummaryBids/OffersWatch ListWish ListAll ListsPurchase HistorySellingMy CollectionsFollowed SearchesMessagesCollect & Spend Learn moreSellExpand SellSell an itemSeller centreInternational sellingSeller protectionSeller FeesSell for CharityCommunityExpand CommunityAnswer CentreDiscussion BoardsGroupsNewsHelp & ContactExpand Help & ContactContact Us (Phone / Chat / E-mail)FAQsDelivery & ReturnsAsk the eBay CommunityResolution Centre Back to home page
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Cincinnati NFL Alumni Hero Youth Football Camps in Cincinnati, OH | Groupon
NFL Alumni Heroes (former Cincinnati Bengals) team up with pro coaches to teach skills to young players during five-day camp
Promotional value expires Jul 15, 2016. Limit 8/person. Advanced registration required at least 1 month prior to camp start date. Refundable only on day of purchase. Discount reflects merchant's current ticket prices, which may change. ADA seating cannot be guaranteed; contact box office prior to purchase for availability. Ticket value includes all fees. Valid only for ages 6-14. Merchant is solely responsible to purchasers for the care and quality of the advertised goods and services.
**$135.20 for five half-day camp sessions, 8:30 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. ($169 value)
Cincinnati, July 11–15 (Western Hills University High School, 2144 Ferguson Road)
Cincinnati NFL Alumni Hero Youth Camps
This summer, kids aged 6–14 can learn the game of football from the guys who know it best: professional, USA Football Certified Coaches and NFL Alumni Heroes (former Cincinnati Bengals players) such as Ickey Woods, Louis Breeden, David Fulcher, and Ira Hillary. These NFL Alumni Heroes will provide supplemental instruction at the five-day camps, which unfold at locations across Cincinnati throughout the summer. At each one, USA Football-certified and trained coaches help campers learn football fundamentals, including how to throw, catch, defend, block, and memorize every single blade of grass on the gridiron. A mixture of drills, contests, Heads Up Football curriculum, and games keep campers engaged throughout, rotating to different stations around the field to work with different players and coaches.

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Kyra Mesich, PsyD (kyramesich) on Pinterest
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The Decorated Bag: Creating Designer Handbags, Purses, and Totes Using Embellisments / Edition 1 by Genevieve A Sterbenz | 9781580112963 | Paperback | Barnes & Noble®
The Decorated Bag: Creating Designer Handbags, Purses, and Totes Using Embellisments / Edition 1
by Genevieve A Sterbenz, Stephen Mays, Ben CurryGenevieve A Sterbenz
ISBN-10: 158011296X
ISBN-13: 9781580112963
The Decorated Bag: Embellishing Handbags, Purses, and Totes The Decorated Bag is the quintessential guide to decorating gorgeous and practical bags for every occasion–from a velvet purse encrusted with crystals and lined with faux fur, to a casual tote covered in a profusion of buttons. • 50 original designs for stunning decorated bags,
Decorated Bag Table of Contents Introduction 8 The Collection • Bejeweled Evening Bag 12 (Pattern Provided) A leopard-lined evening purse encrusted with jewelry, beads, and crystals • Victorian Straw Tote 16 A finely woven straw bag accented by a lush fur collar with ribbon ties • Big-City Bowling Bag 20 A pink leather bag with tweed fabric and gold chain accents a la Chanel • Hollywood Hatbox 24 A traditional round box in a polka-dot pattern with glamorous ribbon-and-rhinestone accents • “Miss Kitty” Tote 28 (Art Provided) A sturdy felt tote in cardinal red emblazoned with an artful silhouette • American Beauty Bag 32 A narrow silk purse covered in a profusion of red silk ribbon roses • Mod Print Tote 36 A pretty mid-size canvas satchel in a sequined swirl pattern a la Pucci • Blue Suede Portfolio 40 (Pattern Provided) A sleek faux suede folio in robin’s egg blue and canary yellow • Tropical Demi 42 A luscious lime green leather bag with a sequin flower accent • Blue-Boots Tote 46 (Art Provided) A patchwork tote illustrated with a funky cowgirl drawing • Buttoned-Up Hobo Bag 50 A slouchy, everyday knitted bag covered in vintage buttons and beads • Swingtime Shoulder Bag 56 A crocheted bag in black silk cord trimmed with beads and tassels • Lush Leopard Hatbox 60 A mini-hatbox in exotic faux fur accented with an oversized silk rose • Urban Cowgirl Saddle Bag 64 (Pattern Provided) An envelope in orange faux suede trimmed with rows of fringe • Girly Weekender 66 A pink tote decorated with a festiveassortment of ribbon • Springtime Pull-String Bag 70 (Pattern Provided) A sweet fabric pouch accented with daisies and bordered in tassels • Snow-Flurry Lipstick Purse 74 A tiny hand-held case with elegantly beaded sides and enamel lid • Vintage Rhinestone Purse 78 A rosy box-style purse with a dazzling diagonal pattern • Folk Art Bucket Bag 82 (Diagram Provided) A wool tote in burnt orange accented with embroidered patches • Midnight Feather Clutch 86 A small silk purse decorated with curvy layers of black feathers • Beaded Ballerina Bag 90 A funky but fine silk pouch-style bag decorated with torn ribbons, trims, beads, and pearls • Silver Moon Satin Clutch 94 (Diagram Provided) An elongated satin purse with an elegantly beaded geometric pattern • Pave Polka-Dot Purse 98 (Diagram Provided) A boxy purse paved in sparkling rhinestones a la Judith Lieber • Marabou Minibag 102 A pouch-shaped bag encircled with a fluffy boa in plum • Tottenham Tweed Clutch 106 A sophisticated clutch with a bejeweled clasp in blue and black beads • Mini Travel Valise 110 (Diagram Provided) A mini-trunk purse decorated with travel ephemera Making Designer Bags • Bejeweled Evening Bag 114 • Blue Suede Portfolio 118 • Urban Cowgirl Saddle Bag 120 • Springtime Pull-String Bag 124 Patterns and Diagrams • Bejeweled Evening Bag Pattern 128 • Blue Suede Portfolio Pattern 129 • Urban Cowgirl Saddle Bag Pattern 130 • Springtime Pull-String Bag Pattern 131 • “Miss Kitty” Art 132 • Blue-Boots Tote Art 133 • Folk Art Bucket Bag Diagram 133 • Silver Moon Satin Clutch Diagram 134 • Pave Polka-Dot Purse Diagram 135 • Mini Travel Valise Diagram 135 An Illustrated Glossary of The Collection 136 An Illustrated Glossary of The Variations 138 Sources and Resources 140 Acknowledgments 141 Index 142 Show More

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