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Patent US20040088262 - Enabling an enhanced function of an electronic device - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsAn electronic device (for example, a NIC card) can perform a base function (for example, “dumb” NIC functionality) and also has specialized hardware for performing an enhanced function (for example, TCP offload functionality). Initially, the electronic device is capable of performing the base function...http://www.google.com/patents/US20040088262?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US20040088262 - Enabling an enhanced function of an electronic deviceAdvanced Patent SearchTry the new Google Patents, with machine-classified Google Scholar results, and Japanese and South Korean patents.Publication numberUS20040088262 A1Publication typeApplicationApplication numberUS 10/289,977Publication dateMay 6, 2004Filing dateNov 6, 2002Priority dateNov 6, 2002Also published asUS20080140574Publication number10289977, 289977, US 2004/0088262 A1, US 2004/088262 A1, US 20040088262 A1, US 20040088262A1, US 2004088262 A1, US 2004088262A1, US-A1-20040088262, US-A1-2004088262, US2004/0088262A1, US2004/088262A1, US20040088262 A1, US20040088262A1, US2004088262 A1, US2004088262A1InventorsLaurence Boucher, Esther Lee, Richard Blackborow, Barry Haaser, Joseph Gervais, Benjamin Dagana, Peter CraftOriginal AssigneeAlacritech, Inc.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (99), Referenced by (148), Classifications (15), Legal Events (1) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetEnabling an enhanced function of an electronic device
DETAILED DESCRIPTION [0013] [0013]FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. An electronic device is capable of performing a base function. In one example, the electronic device is a NIC card and the base function is “dumb” NIC card functionality in that the NIC card does not perform substantial TCP protocol processing on frames containing a TCP header that are received onto the NIC card from a network. The base function involves interfacing with a stack executing on a host computer such that the stack performs TCP protocol processing on such frames. [0014] In addition to the electronic device having the ability to perform the base function, the electronic device includes specialized hardware which if enabled allows the electronic device to perform an enhanced function. In the example where the electronic device is a NIC, the enhanced function might be a “TCP offload” function. When the NIC performs the TCP offload function, the NIC performs all or substantially all TCP protocol processing on at least some incoming frames (frames that have a TCP header) such that the host stack does no or substantially no TCP protocol processing on those frames. The initial capability of the electronic device to perform both the base function, as well as the enhanced function if the electronic device is appropriately enabled, is illustrated in FIG. 1 by reference numeral 100. [0015] The electronic device is sold into the marketplace or is otherwise supplied (step 101) to a user. As supplied to the user, the electronic device is capable of performing the base function but has its enhanced functionality disabled (not enabled). The electronic device may, for example, be sold to the user by offering the electronic device for sale at a price to compete with other devices on the market that perform the base function but do not perform the enhanced function. By pricing the electronic device to compete with other devices that perform the base function but not the enhanced function, it is believed that barriers to selling a more expensive product with enhanced functionality will be reduced or removed. The electronic device will be more readily sold in great numbers than had the electronic device been more highly priced as a device that performs the enhanced function. In this way, the electronic device is disseminated into the marketplace and reaches the user. In the example of the electronic device being a NIC card and the base function being “dumb” NIC functionality, the user can use the electronic device as a “dumb” NIC. The enhanced “TCP offload” function is, however, disabled. [0016] After the electronic device has been supplied to the user, the user may elect (step 102) to enter into an agreement to make an additional payment in order to be able to have the electronic device perform the enhanced function. In the example of the electronic device being a NIC and the base function being “dumb” NIC operation, the user may contract with the manufacturer of the electronic device (or with a distributor of the electronic device) to have the enhanced function enabled. [0017] If the user agrees to make additional payment, then the enhanced function is enabled (step 103). Once enabled, the specialized hardware of the electronic device operates such that the electronic device performs the enhanced function. In the case of the electronic device being a NIC, the specialized hardware may include a hardware sequencer that preprocesses an incoming Ethernet frame. The hardware sequencer makes an initial determination as to whether the frame is one for which TCP processing can be handled by the NIC. The hardware sequencer places an indication of this initial determination onto a queue along with a buffer descriptor that identifies where in a memory on the NIC card the associated frame will be stored. The specialized hardware may also include a processor that retrieves the initial determination from the queue and performs IP and TCP protocol processing on the associated frame such that the data payload (free of IP and TCP headers) of a session layer message is moved directly from the NIC card into a destination on a host computer. The destination may be a location in memory on the host identified by an application executing on the host computer. The processor of the NIC and the software it executes are structured such that the processor receives the information from the queue without being interrupted, without having to save the contents of its internal registers in a context switch, and without having to execute out of non-zero-wait-state memory. The specialized hardware also includes additional memory in embodiments where such additional memory is required to perform the enhanced function. Additional memory may, for example, be required to store TCBs used to keep track of protocol processing of offloaded TCP connections. Additional memory may also be required to buffer frames of offloaded TCP connections. The specialized hardware may also include a Direct Memory Access (DMA) controller that moves the data payload from the NIC to the destination in the host computer. In one embodiment, the same specialized hardware can perform either the base function or the enhanced function. For additional information on one embodiment of such specialized hardware, see: 1) U.S. Pat. No. 6,427,173; and 2) U.S. Pat. No. 6,247,060 (the subject matter of these two patents is incorporated herein by reference). [0018] If, on the other hand, the user does not elect (step 104) to make the additional payment, then the enhanced function remains disabled (not enabled). The electronic device continues to operate with its base function capability but with the enhanced functionality disabled. [0019] In accordance with the method of FIG. 1, an electronic device with specialized hardware for performing an enhanced function is disseminated into the marketplace by selling the electronic device at a price point that approximates the price point of other devices that perform the base function but not the enhanced function. Pricing the electronic device in this fashion may cut into the profit margin on the sale of the electronic device because providing each electronic device involves the added expense of providing the specialized hardware. In accordance with some embodiments, the electronic device may be sold at no profit or at a small loss in order to promote dissemination of the electronic device. [0020] Then, once the electronic device has been disseminated into the marketplace, the enhanced functionality can be offered at a second price point appropriate for devices capable of performing the enhanced function. In cases where there is less competition for devices capable of performing the enhanced function, the second price point may exceed the cost of providing the specialized hardware on the electronic device. The second price point may therefore be set so that more lucrative sales of the enhanced functionality can be made to: 1) recover the cost of providing the specialized hardware to those users who did not elect to have the enhanced function enabled, and 2) provide an additional profit. By using this method, a manufacturer and/or distributor of the electronic device can get electronic devices distributed into the marketplace by selling at a first price point, and can recoup the cost of getting those electronic devices so distributed by setting a second price point for providing the enhanced functionality. [0021] [0021]FIG. 2 is a diagram of a specific embodiment in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In the example of FIG. 2, an electronic device 200 is a network interface device such as, for example, an intelligent NIC (INIC) or what is sometimes called a “TCP offload device” or a “TCP offload engine” (TOE). Electronic device 200 is coupled to a host computer 201. Electronic device 200 and host computer 201 are together considered a network-connected device 202. Electronic device 200 includes a network interface port 203. Host computer 201 receives network communications from a network 204 via port 203 and electronic device 200. Host computer 201 also transmits network communications onto network 204 via electronic device 200 and port 203. [0022] Host computer 201 includes a processor that executes a protocol processing stack 205. In the simplified diagram of FIG. 2, stack 205 includes a network interface device (ND) driver 206, a port aggregation driver portion 207, an IP protocol processing layer portion 208, a TCP protocol processing layer portion 209, and an upper protocol processing layer portion 210. Upper protocol processing layer portion 210 may, for example, be an ISCSI protocol processing layer. If the OSI model is being used to describe stack 205, then upper protocol processing layer portion 210 may be considered to include session layer processing and may also include presentation and application layer processing. If the TCP/IP model is being used to describe stack 205, then upper protocol processing layer portion 210 may be considered to be an application layer. [0023] In the example of FIG. 2, electronic device 200 has a base function of operating as a “dumb” NIC for host computer 201. This base function of electronic device 200 is represented by block 211. Electronic device 200 also has an enhanced function of performing a TCP offload function. In one embodiment, certain selected types of commonly occurring network TCP/IP communications are handled by electronic device 200 in a “fast-path” such that all or substantially all IP and TCP protocol processing of these communications are handled by electronic device 200. Other types of less commonly occurring network communications such as, for example, non TCP/IP communications and error conditions, are handled by stack 205 in a “slow-path” in a more conventional manner. [0024] To facilitate this “fast-path” TCP offload processing, specialized hardware is provided on electronic device 200. This specialized hardware, and the enhanced function it allows the electronic device 200 to perform, is represented in FIG. 2 by block 212. In one embodiment, this specialized hardware includes preprocessing hardware circuitry (for example, a sequencer) that analyzes an incoming Ethernet frame from network 204 and makes an initial determination whether the incoming frames should be handled in fast-path or not. The preprocessing hardware places an indication of its initial determination (also called an “attention bit”) onto a hardware queue. A “buffer descriptor” identifying where in memory on the electronic device the frame can be found is also placed onto the queue. In the specific example of FIG. 2, the specialized hardware further includes a specialized (non-general purpose) processor that retrieves the indication of the initial determination from the queue. If the indication is that the associated frame is suitable for fast-path processing, then the specialized processor performs IP and TCP protocol processing on the frame such that stack 205 of host computer 201 is offloaded of these tasks. For additional information on the composition of one particular embodiment involving a receive sequencer that performs preprocessing, a queue manager, and a specialized processor that performs TCP and IP offload processing, see: 1) U.S. Pat. No. 6,427,173; and 2) U.S. Pat. No. 6,247,060 (the subject matter of these two patents is incorporated herein by reference). To support this “fast-path” TCP offload capability, a portion of specialized protocol processing code 213 (denoted ATCP) is incorporated into stack 205. For additional information on one embodiment of stack 205 and ATCP portion 213, see: 1) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/208,093, filed Jul. 29, 2002, entitled “Protocol Processing Stack For Use With Intelligent Network Interface Device”, by Peter Craft et al.; 2) U.S. Pat. No. 6,247,060, and 3) U.S. Published Patent Application 20010047433, published Nov. 29, 2001 (the subject matter of these documents is incorporated herein by reference). For additional details on a port aggregation driver, see U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/801,488, filed Mar. 7, 2001, including the information on its Compact Disc Appendix (the subject matter of which is incorporated herein by reference). [0025] Electronic device 200 includes a nonvolatile memory 214, which in this specific embodiment is an electrically-erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM). FIG. 3 is a more detailed diagram of the contents of nonvolatile memory 214. Nonvolatile memory 214 includes a device identifier portion 215, a capabilities code portion 216, and a check code portion 217. [0026] Device identifier portion 215 includes a serial number that uniquely identifies the particular electronic device. Device identifier portion 215 also may include other identification information 219 such as, for example, a list of all the MAC addresses of the electronic device. [0027] Capabilities code portion 216 indicates whether the electronic device is enabled to perform the enhanced function. In the example of FIG. 3, capabilities code portion 216 includes a “fast-path enabled” field 220. If a bit in the “fast-path enabled” field is set, then electronic device 200 is enabled to perform the enhanced function. If the bit is not set, then electronic device 200 is not enabled to perform the enhanced function. In the example of FIG. 3, capabilities code portion 216 further includes a “MAC addresses enabled” field 221, a “date for end of trial period” field 222, an “ISCSI acceleration enabled” field 223, and a “PCI device ID” field 224. [0028] Check code portion 217 contains a security check code that is a proprietary function of the contents of the device identifier portion 215 and capabilities code portion 216. In one example, the check code is a 4-byte keyed Message Authentication Code. The check code may be the keyed-Hash Message Authentication Code (HMAC), specified in FIPS PUB 198. This code relies a secret key in conjunction with an underlying cryptographic hash-function (such as SHA-1) to produce a MAC. [0029] When EEPROM 214 is written or when the contents of EEPROM 214 is read and used by electronic device 200, electronic device 200 calculates the check code value using the proprietary function. For example, when electronic device 200 receives from host computer 201 a capabilities code value to write into the capabilities code field of EEPROM 214, the electronic device calculates a check code for the device ID and capabilities code to be written. If the check code calculated does not match a check code received from host computer 201 along with the capabilities code to be written, then electronic device 200 does not allow EEPROM 214 to be written. Similarly, when EEPROM 214 is being read by electronic device 200, the electronic device calculates a check code value using the values stored in the device ID field 215 and the capabilities code field 216. If the calculated check code value does not match the check code value stored in field 217, then the enhanced function is not enabled. [0030] In an initial step, multiple copies (i.e., instances) of electronic device 200 are distributed into the marketplace or otherwise supplied to users. The capabilities codes of these electronic devices are set such that the electronic devices can perform the base function, but so that the electronic devices are not enabled to perform the enhanced function. Electronic device 200 may be marketed, advertised, and priced to compete aggressively with a class of “dumb” NIC cards that do not perform the TCP offload enhanced function. Each electronic device 200 has an amount of specialized hardware that allows the electronic device 200 to perform the enhanced function, but the electronic device is nevertheless marketed, advertised, and priced to compete with the class of “dumb” NIC cards. [0031] A user who purchases electronic device 200 receives both the electronic device 200 as well as associated software for execution on host computer 201. The associated software supplied may, for example, include NID device driver 206, port aggregation driver 207, and ATCP portion 213. Each time electronic device 200 is powered up, the electronic device 200 reads EEPROM 214 and from the capabilities code field 216 determines that the enhanced function is disabled. The electronic devices are therefore able to perform the base function but not the enhanced function. [0032] Once electronic devices have been supplied to users in this manner, an individual user can agree to pay an additional sum to be able to use the enhanced function. In the presently described example, the user accesses an authorized web site 225 (see FIG. 2). Web site 225 lists a number of different enhanced function offerings, each with its own listed price. One enhanced function offering may, for example, be a free trial or free demonstration period during which the user can arrange to enable fast-path TCP offload capability. A second enhanced function offering may, for example, be unlimited fast-path TCP offload capability for an unlimited number of TCP/IP connections for an unlimited time. A third enhanced function offering may, for example, be ISCSI acceleration in addition to fast-path TCP offload capability. [0033] If the user agrees to the commercial terms associated with an enhanced function offering (for example, the user agrees to pay an additional amount), then the user is given an appropriate license key 226. In one example, web site 225 provides a way for the user to interact with a commercially available license manager program. The user may, for example, use a web browser to enter a credit card number to make the additional payment, and may also enter some other information such as the device ID of the electronic device and the customer's name. The license manager then displays the license key on the web site. A suitable license manager program may, for example, be available from Rainbow Technologies, Inc. of 50 Corporate Drive, Irvine, Calif. 92618. [0034] In the present example, the host software provided with electronic device 200 includes an upgrade utility program 227. Upgrade utility program 227 prompts the user for the license key 226. The user enters the license key 226 into a dialog box, and upgrade utility program 227 converts license key 226 into a capabilities code. In one embodiment, license key 226 includes an encrypted form of the device ID supplied by the user, a capabilities code and a check code, where the check code is a proprietary function of the device ID and the capabilities code. The upgrade utility program 227 decrypts the license key to recover the device ID, capabilities code and check code. Once the device ID, capabilities code and check code are recovered, they are passed to network interface device driver 206, which makes a request to electronic device 200 to write them into the EEPROM 214. Electronic device 200 first calculates a check code value from the device ID and capabilities code that are being passed to it. If this check code value is identical to the check code being passed to it, electronic device 200 then makes sure that the device ID being passed matches the device ID found in device ID field 215. Only if both of these tests pass does electronic device 200 allow the capabilities code and the new check code to be written into EEPROM 214. [0035] In this way, a user can pay an additional amount to receive a license key that the user can then use to enable a selected enhanced function. Use of electronic device 200 to perform the selected enhanced function may be priced such that the additional payments from users who elect to pay for enhanced functionality exceeds the aggregate cost of providing the specialized hardware in the electronic devices of those many other users who do not elect to pay more for the enhanced function. Two price points can therefore be set, one for the class of “dumb” network interface device cards, and another for another class of TCP offload devices. The first price point can be used to penetrate the market for the existing class of product, whereas the second price point can be used to recover the cost of penetrating that market. In some cases, a higher price can be commanded for electronic device 200 even though electronic device 200 has the enhanced function disabled because there is value in the ability of electronic device 200 to be quickly and easily enabled to perform the enhanced function. In the case where electronic device 200 is a NIC card, the electronic device with the enhanced function disabled may be advertised as “TOE ready” (TCP offload engine ready) and for this reason may command a higher price than other dumb NIC cards on the market that cannot be enabled to perform the enhanced TCP offload function. [0036] In the description above, electronic device 200 is supplied to users with the enhanced function disabled. This need not be the case. In one example, the value in the “date for end of trial period” field 222 is set for a date after the date the electronic device is supplied to the users. The enhanced function, in this case the fast-path TCP offload capability, is enabled up until the “date for end of trial period” date arrives. Electronic device 200 has the ability to read the current date. If the current date is after the “date for end of trial period”, then the electronic device disables the enhanced function or warns the user that the trial period is coming to an end. Electronic device 200 is distributed into the market in this fashion such that the user can try out the enhanced function for an initial trial period. In another embodiment, electronic device 200 is distributed as a “dumb” NIC with an offer to temporarily activate enhanced functionality, or an offer of a low-cost activation of the enhanced functionality. [0037] Although an embodiment of the present invention is described here in connection with a license manager, an upgrade utility, and an EEPROM on the electronic device, it is to be understood that an enhanced function of an already-distributed electronic device can be selectively enabled or disabled in numerous other ways. The mechanism for enabling the enhanced function need not be so secure that it cannot be circumvented by a dedicated intelligent hacker. The method set forth has substantial use even if a few sophisticated hackers can manage to enable enhanced functionality without authorization. Rather than an end-user arranging to make payment to enable the enhanced functionality of an individual electronic device, many electronic devices can be distributed by a third party distributor. This third party distributor may pay a license fee such that the electronic devices the third party distributor sells or distributes have the enhanced function enabled. A second third party distributor who does not elect to pay the license fee can sell or distribute otherwise identical electronic devices but those electronic devices would not have the enhanced function enabled. The additional payment for having the enhanced function enabled can therefore be exacted from any desired party in the distribution chain of the electronic device. The additional payment may be received by the manufacturer of the electronic device. Alternatively, the additional payment may be received by another party in the distribution chain (for example, a large distributor). The additional payment may be received by another party not in the distribution chain such as, for example, a holder of intellectual property rights in the electronic device. Either a party such as the manufacturer of the chip set or another third party such as a distributor or a holder of intellectual property can control enabling the enhanced function and can receive the associated additional compensation. In one example, the manufacturer of the electronic device and a distributor of the electronic device and a holder of intellectual property in the electronic device share the proceeds associated with providing the enhanced function. [0038] Although stack 205 is shown executing on host computer 201 in the example of FIG. 2, it is understood that electronic device 200 may be fashioned such that the functions of stack 205 are carried out on electronic device 200. For example, in one embodiment a general purpose processor executes a stack that performs TCP and IP protocol processing functions. This general purpose processor is part of electronic device 200. If electronic device 200 is a NIC card, then the general purpose processor is present on the NIC expansion card along with the rest of the NIC circuitry. If the card performs all TCP and IP protocol processing functions (both normal communications as well as error conditions) for TCP/IP network communications passing through the card, then the card is sometimes called a “full TCP offload” device. [0039] Although an enhanced function can be enabled and/or disabled by writing a capabilities code into an electronic device as set forth above, there are other ways of controlling the enabling and/or disabling of an enhanced function. In one embodiment, for example, host stack 205 (see FIG. 2) gives control of individual TCP connections to network interface device 200 in what is called a “hand out” process. If stack 205 hands out control of a TCP connection, then network interface device 200 can perform the enhanced TCP offload function for communications occurring over that TCP connection. If, on the other hand, stack 205 does not hand out control of the TCP connection to network interface device 200, then network interface device 200 operates as a dumb NIC and passes individual TCP/IP packets associated with the TCP connection to the host for TCP protocol processing on the host. In one embodiment in accordance with the present invention, if the user does not agree to pay the additional compensation, then the software executing on the host does not hand out control of TCP connections to network interface device 200. The enhanced TCP offload functionality of network interface device 200 therefore is not enabled because control of TCP connections are never handed over to network interface device 200. It is therefore seen that the writing of a capabilities code into an electronic device is not required in order to be able to control whether the electronic device can perform the enhanced function. [0040] Although the invention is described above in connection with the electronic device being a network interface card (NIC), this is done only for illustrative purposes. The above-described method of selectively enabling an enhanced function is applicable to a number different types of electronic devices. In one embodiment, the electronic device is an integrated circuit that is part of a microprocessor chipset such as the Intel 815 chipset. [0041] [0041]FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an integrated circuit 300 (the Intel 82801 I/O Controller Hub) that is part of the Intel 815 chipset. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, specialized network interface device circuitry 200 capable of performing an enhanced TCP offload function is incorporated into integrated circuit 300. The Intel 82801 integrated circuit 300, including specialized network interface device circuitry 200, is manufactured in volume and distributed. If a user does not agree to pay the additional amount for use of the enhanced TCP offload function, then the I/O controller hub integrated circuit 300 performs its base network interface function but is not enabled to perform the enhanced function. If, on the other hand, the user agrees to pay an additional amount for the enhanced functionality, then the specialized network interface device circuitry 200 is enabled to perform the enhanced TCP offload function. In the present example, specialized network interface device circuitry 200 performs the TCP offload function such that the data payload of a multi-packet session layer message is retrieved from network 301 in the form of multiple TCP/IP packets, and is written into a destination in system memory 302 without any TCP or IP headers, and without a protocol processing stack executed by CPU 303 doing any or substantially any TCP protocol processing on the various TCP/IP packets. Arrow 304 represents the path taken by the session layer data payload on its way to the destination in system memory 302. By incorporating the specialized network interface device circuitry 200 into the I/O controller hub integrated circuit 300 in this way, the specialized circuitry for performing the enhanced TCP offload function is disseminated into the motherboards of a great many computers without having to overcome market resistance associated with introducing a new and unfamiliar product. [0042] Although the specialized network interface device circuitry 200 is shown in FIG. 4 integrated into the I/O controller hub integrated circuit 300, the specialized network interface device circuitry 206 is in another embodiment integrated into the graphics and memory controller hub integrated circuit 305 of the chip set. Integration in integrated circuits such as integrated circuit 305 further reduces the cost of distributing the enhanced function, because circuits required to distribute the enhanced function in embodiments such as an expansion card are not required when closely coupled with other integrated circuits, such as memory controller hub integrated circuit 305. Examples of functions not required in a closely coupled design include the PCI bus unit, DMA engines, and local SDRAM, since these functions are either not required in such an integration, or may share resources available in the integrated circuit containing the enhanced function. [0043] More than one enhanced function can be offered. For example, for an additional enhancement more would be paid beyond an amount at which initial enhanced functionality is offered. Advanced port aggregation and/or load balancing features can be one such additional enhanced functionality offer. By conglomerating different sets of enhanced functions, multiple tiers of functionality can be offered, each tier being offered at a different price. [0044] The above-described method of selectively enabling an enhanced function is also applicable to many types of electronic devices. Pairs of electronic device types and enhanced functions are set forth in Table 1 below for illustrative purposes. Many other pairs are possible. The method of receiving additional compensation for enabling an enhanced function is believed to be particularly applicable where there is an existing class of product having a base function, and where an enhanced function that costs money to provide (due to the requirement to provide specialized hardware) is anticipated to be desired in a significant percentage of those products in the near future. Situations where these conditions exist include situations where there are evolving standards, where there are changing performance requirements, and where the government or another body will be mandating new features or requirements. TABLE 1 Electronic Device Type Enhanced Function I/O Controller IC Network Processing Acceleration I/O Controller IC IP Security Video Processor IC Video Acceleration Network Interface Device Network Processing Acceleration Network Interface Device IP Security Memory Controller IC Network Processing Acceleration Memory Controller IC Video Acceleration Memory Controller IC IP Security [0045] Although the present invention is described in connection with certain specific embodiments for instructional purposes, the present invention is not limited thereto. The capabilities code can have a “period of time left in trial” field. Microcode executing on the processor that is part of the network interface device may be responsible for decrementing this “period of time left in trial” value, and the network interface device may be programmed to disable itself after a predetermined large number of microcode downloads from the host. In one embodiment, the check code is a CRC code generated from the device ID and the capabilities code using a proprietary polynomial. The enhanced function that is selectively enabled need not relate to networking and need not be a TCP offload function. The manner of enabling the enhanced function need not involve a license manager program, a license key, an upgrade utility program, or writing a capabilities code into a nonvolatile memory on the electronic device. Accordingly, various modifications, adaptations, and combinations of various features of the described embodiments can be practiced without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims. 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basis* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification705/65International ClassificationH04L29/08, H04L29/06Cooperative ClassificationH04L67/14, H04L69/329, H04L67/02, H04L29/06, H04L63/104, G06Q20/367, H04L2463/101European ClassificationH04L63/10C, G06Q20/367, H04L29/06, H04L29/08N1, H04L29/08N13Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionMar 24, 2003ASAssignmentOwner name: ALACRITECH, INC., CALIFORNIAFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BOUCHER, LAURENCE B.;LEE, ESTHER;BLACKBOROW, RICHARD;ANDOTHERS;REEL/FRAME:013873/0837;SIGNING DATES FROM 20030313 TO 20030317RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services

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Illinois Sleeper Names Badgers - Wisconsin - Scout
Illinois Sleeper Names BadgersChris Pool04/23/2003Libertyville's Santino Panico is rising up the recruiting charts. Panico has been working out on a daily basis with Notre Dame bound defensive back, Tommy Zbikowski.2004 Prospect To Watch - Santino Panico High School - Libertyville, Illinois Height, Weight, Speed - 6-foot-1, 205-pounds, 4.5 Honors - Three-year varsity letter winner. Scholarship Offers - No offers at this time. Favorites - Penn State, Wisconsin, Purdue, Notre Dame, Indiana, Washington and Oregon. Comments - Panico is a sleeper prospect to keep an eye on in 2003. Santino has two very solid teammates that will get looks as well this year. Panico has been working out with Notre Dame bound defensive back Tommy Zbikowksi on a daily basis.
Panico's unle, Valentino Panico has been Tommy Zbikowski's boxing trainer for the past couple of years.
"I have a ton of respect for Tommy," said Panico. "That's why I wear #9 on the football field. I work out with Tommy and want to get the same kind of work ethic as he has.
"I've been starting to hear from a lot of schools. Vanderbilt, Notre Dame, Penn State, Oregon, Cincinnati and a lot of the Ivy League schools are writing hand-written letters.
"My favorites are Penn State, Wisconsin, Purdue, Notre Dame, Indiana, Washington and Oregon."
Panico projects as a strong or free safety at the next level. Several schools will get an up close look at Santino this summer as he'll be camping at Notre Dame, Penn State, Purdue and Iowa.
Share on Facebook Share on TwitterTrending on ScoutBig Plays Doom Big Title HopesNotes: Clement Comes Up One-Yard ShortLetting it Slip AwayTravel to the Cotton Bowl with PrimeSportsBadgers Accept Cotton Bowl BidShare & EmbedLetting it Slip Away Full StoryBadger Nation Top StoriesTravel to the Cotton Bowl with PrimeSportsPartnering with the Wisconsin Alumni Association, BadgerNation and PrimeSports are offering packages to see No.8 Wisconsin in the 81st Cotton Bowl Classic on Jan.2by Badger Nation StaffBadger Nation9:37 AMBreaking NewsBadgers Accept Cotton Bowl BidWinning 10 games for the second straight season, Wisconsin qualified for its first New Year's Six bowl game Sunday and will play Western Michigan in the Cotton Bowl on Jan.2by Benjamin WorgullBadger Nation2:33 AMNotes: Clement Comes Up One-Yard ShortIn Saturday's championship notebook, hear from tailback Corey Clement about his success (and failure), Wisconsin failing to capitalize early in the second half and more.by Benjamin WorgullBadger Nation1:31 AMBig Plays Doom Big Title HopesA defense that had given up only eight passing touchdowns all season, No.6 Wisconsin was torched for 384 passing yards and four touchdowns in a 38-31 defeat to No.8 Penn State.by Jake KocorowskiBadger NationYesterday at 11:50 PMLetting it Slip AwayAppearing headed for another run to the roses, No.6 Wisconsin let a 21-point lead in the second quarter slip away in a disheartening 38-31 defeat to No.8 Penn State.by Benjamin WorgullBadger NationYesterday at 11:10 PMBreaking NewsRecap: Shredded CheeseOnce leading 28-7, Wisconsin's defense was torched by the Penn State passing attack, as Nittany Lions quarterback Trace McSorely throws for four touchdowns in a 38-31 upset victory…by Benjamin WorgullBadger NationYesterday at 4:28 PMGame Day Grades: OklahomaBadgerNation analyzes the game and hands out the grades from No.17 Wisconsin's 90-70 victory over Oklahoma Saturday.by Brian BeckerBadger NationYesterday at 3:18 PMBreaking NewsBadgers Drop the Boom on the SoonersStuck in a slug fest through 3/4th of the afternoon, No.17 Wisconsin got hot down the stretch to outlast Oklahoma, 90-70, at the Kohl Center.by Badger Nation StaffBadger NationYesterday at 12:09 PMTransfers of PowerIt's rare for Wisconsin to add transfers, let alone three in one season, but the work that defensive end Christian Bell, tailback Chris James and cornerback Nick Nelson have done…by Benjamin WorgullBadger NationYesterday at 7:58 AMFive Keys to Victory - No.8 Penn StateBefore No.6 Wisconsin takes on No.8 Penn State in the Big Ten championship game tonight, BadgerNation gives its five keys to a Wisconsin victory.by Brian BeckerBadger NationFriday at 10:50 PMBreakdown: Oklahoma vs. No.17 WisconsinAfter knocking off one 2016 Final Four participant Tuesday, No.17 Wisconsin can knock off another one Saturday afternoon when it hosts Oklahoma Saturday afternoon. BadgerNation…by Benjamin WorgullBadger NationFriday at 8:41 PMNotes: 'Jazz Sweep' Delivering Big ResultsIn today's insider notebook, hear about the success behind Jazz Peavy's jet sweeps, updates to Wisconsin's injury report and more.by Benjamin WorgullBadger NationFriday at 3:57 PMLoad More

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Reflexology Audiobook | Jen Solis | Audible.com
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Length: 58 mins Unabridged Audiobook Release Date:05-26-16 Publisher:
More than Two (Unabridged) Alpha Male Confidence: The Psychology of Attraction (Unabridged) Building Extreme Wealth (Unabridged) What Members Say

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Three Cups of Deceit: How Greg Mortenson, Humanitarian Hero, Lost His Way Audiobook | Jon Krakauer | Audible.com
SAMPLE PLAY AUDIO SAMPLE http%3A%2F%2Fsamples.audible.com%2Fbk%2Frand%2F002621%2Fbk_rand_002621_sample.mp3+flashcontent0K9P39M2PXW29Y5PEY830 Three Cups of Deceit: How Greg Mortenson, Humanitarian Hero, Lost His Way
4.00 (161 ratings) Greg Mortenson has built a global reputation as a selfless humanitarian and children's crusader, and he's been nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize. He is also not what he appears to be. As acclaimed author Jon Krakauer discovered, Mortenson has not only fabricated substantial parts of his bestselling books, but has also misused millions of dollars donated by unsuspecting admirers like Krakauer himself. This is the tragic tale of good intentions gone very wrong.
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MChow says:
"Enlightening and heartbreaking"
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"Why Didn't Krakauer Read This?"
He is a good reader, and would have been infinitely preferable to the actor who read this story, putting sarcastic emphasis on all of Mortenson's made-up stuff. I hate hearing actors, unless it's a very complicated book, like Harry Potter, full of characters, each of whom need a different voice. Otherwise, we just want to hear the writer's voice. Krakauer read his first book, and read it well. This is his research, his important story. He really should have read it himself. It wouldn't have taken him very long, either. I give huge points to the writers who read their own stuff, like my personal god Mary Karr.
The 8 minute recitation of names at the beginning should have tipped me off. I have no idea who those named were, nor why I had to listen to them. And then when the meat of the book started, I was so bored it didn't hold my attention. I just stopped listening and I'm returning it. Maybe this should have been a multi part feature article in a magazine, but definitely not an audiobook!


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Wednesday Bulldog Football NotebookDavid Murray09/23/2009Pernell McPhee got the word in a most interesting, not to say ironic, setting. There he was Monday chatting with his instructor in Football Theory class. "And one of my classmates walked up, he was like ‘congratulations on SEC Defensive Lineman of the Week.' The teacher was like, ‘you won that?!'"Indeed McPhee did, recognized by the conference for his efforts in State's victory at Vanderbilt. The junior defensive end didn't have huge stats; a solo tackle, two assists, incuding a sack for loss of seven yards. But he also broke up one pass himself and hurried the Commodore passer into a failed pass play. For that the SEC tabbed him as leading lineman from the weekend's results, and word spread quickly Monday morning.
"As soon as I walked out of the classroom everybody was calling me," McPhee says.
For that matter folk figured to hear McPhee's named called a lot this 2009 season. The junior college star made immediate impact upon spring arrival at State, slotted into a first-team job on the first day of camp and never giving up that status. Still stats have been hard to come by for the starting left DE with eight tackles in three games. And it wasn't until last Saturday he finally collected a college quarterback, catching Vandy's Larry Smith. There was more relief than joy in the act, he says. "When I got that sack I looked to the sky and said ‘thank you God', I didn't want to celebrate. Because I had to get that chip off my shoulder, I'd went two games without a sack and that usually isn't me. I'm going to keep battling to reach my goals and the team goals."
Lofty team goals, he means. Because back in August camp McPhee boldly predicted the Bulldog d-line could lead the league in sacks. The unit has done OK, tied for sixth this week with—further irony—LSU. But State has only half as many sacks as the league co-leaders so there's a lot of ground to make up.
"I try to do my part," McPhee says. "Those were some strong words that I said! We're trying to stay on that track so we're going to stay focused and go after the goal we've set for ourselves." McPhee also admits that the college game has been just a little bit more challenging than expected, from the physical standpoint. It's an adjustment for a fellow who is used to having his way on the field of play.
"It's a lot more bigger, faster, and aggressive guys than it is in junior college. And a lot of tough guys that aren't going to lay down on a play, they're going to keep going and going."
Something else that's gotten, literally, in McPhee's way so far this season: two blockers. Clearly opposing offenses know what this junior transfer has brought to the Bulldog gameplan because everyone gives him extra attention. Is he bothered?
"Ahh, I love it! That lets me know I'm not just another player, I'm a player that's got special abilities to make plays. So if draw double-team it leaves one of my teammates free to make the play."
Still every d-line Dog has to exert maximum effort and execution this week if State is to make any plays against this Tiger team. Auburn taught State's defense some hard lessons, especially in the ground game, which McPhee & Company appear to have applied well at Vanderbilt. "Now we're trying to do the same thing for the LSU game," he says.
"I'm not going to make any comments about what we're going to do, we're just going to keep our pads low and play aggressively and just continue from last week." Naturally McPhee wouldn't mind continuing to draw the sort of awards he earned this past week, too. Not that he expects it to provide any extra credits with his Football Theory instructor, though.
"Nahh, he's going to make me work and take the tests and come to class every day! He ain't going to show no favoritism!"
GETTING HIS KICKS PART II: Speaking of tough graders, yesterday we noted how P Heath Hutchins had lost some ground in NCAA and SEC punting stats in the process of doing exactly what State needed of him at Vanderbilt. But what did the man himself think of his third college outing?
"I'd grade it close to an F," Hutchins says. "It was probably one of the worst games I've ever had, I've probably had two games like that in my whole life where I had two 35-yard punts. And the kicks that were touchbacks, I guess I could have put a little more hang time on them. They were both in the right spots, I just didn't get enough hang time."
Wow, talk about a perfectionist. While Mullen also noted that a tick more hang time would have helped, otherwise "Heath was solid and consistent" on his eight efforts. Hutchins though says he ought to have been even more consistent. "I hit one on the laces. And one for some reason I felt the rush was coming harder; an on film it wasn't even coming at all! I was in the back of the end zone and I figured I'd rather have a 35-yarder than a blocked kick."
Good thinking. And while he's now 4th in SEC average at 43.1 yards through three games, Hutchins sees the bigger conference picture. "There are like eight people averaging the same as me, so I could go out this week and kick four 50 yarders and be first again."
FIRM FOOTING: Hutchins isn't the only transfer kicker who has given State special teams a boost. After missing his initial attempts in the opener, PK Sean Brauchle has knocked through five field goals including a 49-yarder at Vanderbilt. He commented at the time that damp turf didn't bother him on the long attempt, though Vanderbilt had let the grass grow during some wet days.
But then the Bulldogs, kickers and all, are used to soggy September sod. If anything there has been more rain this week than last, to the point State had just one field—the artificial surface one—to work on Tuesday. Wet or not, Mullen isn't inclined to take his team indoors…and not simply because they'd only have a single field anyway in the Palmeiro Center. The New Hampshire native says he doesn't notice weather all that much.
"We just go practice. We've practiced in rain, we've practiced in wind, we've practiced in heat, we've practiced in humidity. I'm not worried much about weather when it comes to gametime. We've just got to execute." Though, Mullen added, "Now unless it snows…"
NEXT TIME: For a moment Leon Berry thought he'd gotten that first college touchdown return. But just for a moment, and not even while he was standing in the Vanderbilt end zone after the opening kickoff. By then he figured it was all for nought. "I kind of knew it, because once I broke the crowd was a little bit in it but calmed down. So I knew what it was for!"
Indeed, about the time Berry had cleared the Commodore containment flags were falling for a holding call. Ironically it was rookie DB Cameron Lawrence, one of the impressive freshmen already working on State kick-and-cover teams, who'd been penalized. "He was the first one in the end zone to jump on my back!" said Berry, who didn't discover the guilty party until reaching the sideline. "But I told him man, it's good, we just have to execute."
Sure, it still rankles Berry a bit having a 100-yard return negated. Or any return, which is one of the Georgia native's specialties. In both high school and junior college Berry ran back kickoffs and punts for points and big yards, and during his first State spring the transfer won that duty here as well. His work on kickoff return has helped establish fine field position for the offense this month, and it's only a matter of time and chances before Berry gets into the end zone.
"If we execute a little better we'll try to get one this weekend," Berry said. Though he'd be just as excited to turn a pass into points, too, in his regular job at wideout. He likes being on the field for so many snaps, of course, but adds if he does need a break Mullen is willing. Now, if only the coach could help take care of some off-field needs; as in more tickets for family in upcoming games, including next week's matchup with the home-state team from Georgia Tech.
"My Mom asked me could I get like, fifteen! I told her I don't think they'll have it. So they'll tailgate and five or six come in the game." Share on Facebook Share on TwitterTrending on ScoutNation's No. 7-rated QB Commits to UCLAUpdated SEC Baseball StandingsSelf Seals 4-3 Friday WinMSU Softball Defeats No. 24 Arkansas 3-0GPTV: Gridley, Dogs Down Tide 6-5Share & EmbedDogs' Walk-Off Win Scores SEC Lead Full StoryGene's Page Top StoriesArkansas Defeats MSU Softball 5-4Mississippi State softball dropped game-two 5-4 as the Arkansas Razorbacks evened the series at one game apiece.by Amber DoddGene's PageYesterday at 7:39 PMClass of 2018 Gabby Crawford UpdateMunford (TN) High School class of 2018 forward Gabby Crawford is one of the most talented players in the southeast. And, as you would expect, numerous college coaches are heavily…by Gene SwindollGene's PageYesterday at 7:03 PMFrom The Dawghouse – Duct Tape EditionWhatever brands of bolts, bonds, bandages, baling wire and duct tape Andy Cannizaro endorses…buy 'em. In bulk.by David MurrayGene's PageYesterday at 2:16 PMMSU Softball Defeats No. 24 Arkansas 3-0The Mississippi State Bulldog softball team continued their winning streak in the SEC with a 3-0 shutout win over the No. 24 Arkansas Razorbacks in game-one of a three-game series.…by Amber DoddGene's PageSaturday at 8:43 PMUpdated SEC Baseball StandingsThe Saturday weather wasn’t nearly so fierce as forecast. The Diamond Dogs didn’t care. Not when they had the whole unexpected day off to not only relax, but enjoy their ascent to…by David MurrayGene's PageSaturday at 7:55 PMDogs' Walk-Off Win Scores SEC LeadThe controversy will linger. The score will stand. And Mississippi State will lead the league standings.by David MurrayGene's PageSaturday at 9:40 AMGPTV: Alexander Talks Walk Off WinSTARKVILLE, MS - Mississippi State third baseman Luke Alexander came off of the bench and provided a pair of clutch hits to give the Bulldogs a pair of leads over Alabama including…by Steve RobertsonGene's PageSaturday at 12:32 AMGPTV: Cannizaro Talks Sweep of AlabamaSTARKVILLE, MS - Mississippi State (28-14, 13-5) came from behind three times to beat Alabama in game two of a Friday double header against Alabama (15-25, 2-16) by a score of 13…by Steve RobertsonGene's PageSaturday at 12:18 AMSelf Seals 4-3 Friday WinHe’s made 16 relief appearance this season. He’s been as sure a set-up guy as there in the league. He’s even earned four winning decisions without a loss. But Riley Self didn’t…by David MurrayGene's PageFriday at 6:06 PMGPTV: Gridley, Dogs Down Tide 6-5Forget this wasn’t a pretty ball game. It was an awfully attractive win to the Bulldogs. “That was good, just to come back after Tuesday,” as Ryan Gridley said.by David MurrayGene's PageThursday at 9:13 PMGPTV: Pilkington Earns Win over TideSTARKVILLE, MS - Mississippi State (26-14,11-5 ) hosted Alabama (15-23,2-14) in game one of a three game SEC series on Thursday night. Bulldog sophomore southpaw, Konnor Pilkington…by Steve RobertsonGene's PageThursday at 7:14 PMGPTV: Cannizaro Recaps Thursday Night WinSTARKVILLE, MS - Mississippi State got their SEC Weekend started on Thursday and will look to wrap up a three game series with Alabama by virtue over a Friday double header.…by Steve RobertsonGene's PageThursday at 7:13 PMLoad More


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