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Beautiful scenery, lovely b&b - Review of Lumb Beck Farmhouse B & B, Ilkley, England - TripAdvisor
Beautiful scenery, lovely b&b - Lumb Beck Farmhouse B & B
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See the most recent reviews cobwebsinthecloset
19 helpful votes “Beautiful scenery, lovely b&b”
Lumb Beck is a lovely farmhouse b&b on the Moor above Ilkley and Addingham, we stayed in the original en-suite room with bath and over bath shower. The room was huge with a comfy double bed, and a single bed, antique furniture, tv and dvd - very suitable for both leisure and business traveller looking for a quiet place to stay, approx 10 mins from Ilkley, 15 mins to Skipton and near Leeds and Bradford. The hosts are very accomodating and friendly, the breakfast was absolutely delicious - great choice of fruits and cereal, proper coffee or tea and a fab aga cooked breakfast. Overall a great place to stay. The lane to the house is fairly narrow - but is well signposted. We will be returning to Lumb Beck!!!
Thank cobwebsinthecloset Report Ask cobwebsinthecloset about Lumb Beck Farmhouse B & B
English first Any CrimsonandClover89
1 review 2 helpful votes “A B&B Beyond Belief”
Thank CrimsonandClover89 Report Ask CrimsonandClover89 about Lumb Beck Farmhouse B & B
This review is the subjective opinion of a TripAdvisor member and not of TripAdvisor LLC. schoolsie
We have just returned from a four day stay at the Lumb Beck Farmhouse B and B in Addingham Moorside, near Ilkley, West Yorkshire. In 2006 it was awarded the Yorkshire Tourist Board's Silver Gilt award.Located about 1.5 miles up a long windy lane, the farmhouse enjoys beautiful views over the Yorkshire countryside. There are only two rooms available, but both are large with one double and one single bed in each room. Our room had large en-suite bathroom with a very efficient over-head shower in the bath. The room itself is decorated in traditional Edwardian style with antique dark wood furniture, two recliner chairs, tv, dvd, and the usual coffee/tea making facilities, as well as iron, ironing board, fridge, board games, electric blankets, water bottles etc etc! I can't imagine you would ever need the last two items as the luxury duvets must be at least 15 tog ( a bit too hot for a menopausal lady in the middle of August!). The host and hostess are genuine Yorkshire people who do absolutely everything to ensure your stay is perfect. The breakfasts are majestic...........the full English of course, complemented by homemade things such as peaches cooked in honey, and gently poached plums, plus fresh strawberries, raspberries, bananas, freshly squeezed orange juice, yogurt, cereals, porridge on request (lovely).......it was very fortunate we were playing golf every day and burning up all those calories!Wendy, the host, obviously enjoys sharing her lovely property with her appreciative guests. We were greeted on arrival by tea and yummy homemade cake in the summerhouse, and left with a beautiful yorkshire parkin cake to take home! The garden is also a delight, with interesting features at every turn. There was also a large plasma screen tv in the lounge available for those guests who cannot leave the outside world behind for a few days.We would definately return here another year. A first rate B and B in a beautiful location!
Liked — impeccable friendly service
Disliked — the road up to the farmhouse - very narrow
Thank schoolsie Report Ask schoolsie about Lumb Beck Farmhouse B & B
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#2 of 9 in Ilkley 349 reviews
Address: | Addingham Moorside, Ilkley LS29 9JX, England Location:
Amenities: Hotel Style: Ranked #8 of 9 B&Bs / Inns in Ilkley
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grand pineapple to sandals grand antigua - Saint Philips Forum - TripAdvisor
grand pineapple to sandals grand antigua - Saint Philips Forum
Aug 04, 2011, 8:24 PM
i have heard that if you are at the grand pineapple you can go to sandals grand for the day, any idea how much the cab fare would be to do that?We have stayed at sandals grand and would like to go with friends, so they could see it.
Dibdebdob September 10, 2017
11. Re: grand pineapple to sandals grand antigua
May 31, 2012, 8:29 AM
GPB to Sandals is not a given, don't 100% count on it. We were told $80 round trip but if you go with a resort trip, they do 2, one early, one late, neither very long. If I recall, 8-12 and 12-4 were the options, sounds like a waste.
Sandals makes you leave there by 5pm no matter what, so you can't have dinner there. If they are over a % booked, you are not permitted to go there at all. On our holiday back at the end of April, they said that they were 90% booked and we weren't allowed to visit. The best option would be to have Marvin take you there, at least you could spend most of the day and probably save money too.
I have contact information for Marvin if you want to contact him and ask him the cost ...PM me.
12. Re: grand pineapple to sandals grand antigua
Jun 02, 2012, 12:07 AM
Is the trip through Sandals included? The ones from 8-12 and 12-4? If so, I think that is a great option! When we visit other Sandals (not in Antigua), we don't spend the entire day there. We go for a few hours and leave. We look around, swim, maybe eat lunch, have some drinks and go. If the trip through Sandals is included, I'd definitely do that!
13. Re: grand pineapple to sandals grand antigua
Jun 02, 2012, 6:48 AM
BSB - the option to go to Sandals is a concession offered by Sandals to GPB- no doubt they want you to see ,'what you could have had'
You book your trip via GPB rection and have to take your hotel card to Sandals.
You get booked in etc.
I would etsonally arrange a taxi via Marvin. We got there for about 9.45 so missed the en masse booking in and left at 5 pm.
Is it worth it? ......I don't think I'd want my full holiday at the place....far too plastic for me.
Did we enjoy it?....yes but we were only there for 8 hours.
Edited: 6:48 am, June 02, 2012
14. Re: grand pineapple to sandals grand antigua
Removed on: 5:41 pm, June 17, 2013
Re: Grand Pineapple Antigua - Room Numbers 2 replies
Grand Pineapple email address
Grand pineapple beach resort - standard rooms

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Something New and Blue Necklace Gold SALE
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simple everyday pretty™+ This is a Junghwa by Amy Stewart ORIGINAL design and has been registered with the United States Registration Office. DO NOT copy. ..................................................................» SALE!! Was $27, now only $21. Limited quantity available at this price.A crystal blue teardrop pendant and tiny gold open leaf charm are strung on a dainty 14k gold filled chain. So sweet, lovely, and simple. The perfect everyday necklace to wear alone or layer. + This is for ONE necklace only. Earrings are sold separately.// D E T A I L S //• 14k gold filled chain length shown: approx. 16 inches// N O T E //The glass may appear a little greenish on your monitor, but it is actually blue...................................................................Group DISCOUNTS available. Contact me for coupon code.Matching EARRINGS available HERE: http://etsy.me/wNyFzE View the SILVER version HERE: http://etsy.me/mSIAtf This item arrives in my beautiful gift packaging..................................................................// shop policies: http://etsy.me/qRad7l // view more lovelies: junghwa.etsy.com// follow junghwa for updates & sales: facebook.com/junghwabyamystewartinstagram.com/amyjunghwa© 2017 Junghwa by Amy Stewart, LLC. All Rights Reserved.All designs, text, and photographs are copyright protected. Meet the owner of junghwa
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MDB Tools / Discussion / Help:How to deal with lack of PK information?
How to deal with lack of PK information?
Creator: Adam Stein
Running mdbtools v0.6-0.3.cvs20051109 on a Fedora 8 system.
Since mdb-schema doesn't contain primary key information, I have to fake it for now. Wondering if anybody has a better idea that what I'm doing. I have no desire to run anything on Windows, so any ideas would have to work on Linux.
The database I'm converting (from Jet4/MS Access to MySQL) contains tables that have no primary key fields. Since the MySQL backend doesn't know how to create relationships yet, I use the Oracle backend and convert a few things from Oracle syntax to MySQL (amazingly enough, the foreign key statements don't have to be modified).
This particular database uses '<name>ID' as the primary key field name, so I make the first field I find in a table ending in 'ID' to be a primary key field. When I'm transferring data, I look for a 'Duplicate entry' error when doing an insert. If I find this, I alert the user that this particular table (where the insert failed) needs to be put on the "don't create a primary key for this table" list (which I have as an option to the program).
It would be nice if I could do this automatically (which probably can't be done until mdb-schema can give primary key info). Has anybody found a better way of dealing with this?
I don't have control of the MS Access database schema, so I can't add a primary key to those database that don't have one.

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Buy on Amazon.com From $3,213.00
Sony showed two things releasing this camera. The first is that there will not be a 75 (?) megapixel camera in the full frame department reserving most likely this pixel count to a medium format camera.
The second and most important thing is that, besides the apparently little improvements, this is a mature camera for some basic improvements and it's a good thing that Sony has finally focused to this aspect. Amateurs will not understand why but real users will. Today Sony amateurs are complaining, pro Sony users are joying. The run for the gadget is over, Sony is consolidating on pro indispensable features and will become "no new wow effect gadgets" as Canon and Nikon.
I see no evidence of our first statement. I definitely see much more need for other improvements besides the MP and let the rest of the hardware around the sensor catch up.
Sony is saving the next sensor update with the followup. Reusing that 42MP is a big cost savings. It's not like they needed to focus on a new sensor as the current one is fantastic. I can see the followup to Pentax's K1 getting the current 42MP sensor especially now that Nikon is out of the Sony sensor business.
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Trump's Debate Was a Disaster. If Voters Notice. - Bloomberg View
Bloomberg Anywhere Remote LoginDownload SoftwareService Center MENU Homepage Markets Stocks Currencies Commodities Rates + Bonds Economics Magazine Benchmark Watchlist Economic Calendar Tech U.S. Global Startups Cybersecurity Digital Media Bloomberg Technology TV Hello World Studio 1.0 Pursuits Cars & Bikes Style & Grooming Spend Watches & Gadgets Food & Drinks Travel Real Estate Art & Design Politics Global Risk Briefing How We’ll Know if Trump Is Making America Great Again Tracking Trump’s Web of Conflicts The Inauguration of Donald J. Trump On the March in Trump’s Capital Opinion View Gadfly Businessweek Subscribe Cover Stories Opening Remarks Etc Features 85th Anniversary Issue Behind The Cover More Science + Energy Graphics Billionaires Game Plan Small Business Personal Finance Live TV Inspire GO The David Rubenstein Show Sponsored Content Bloomberg About The Company Sign In Sign In Subscribe to Businessweek One of these guys can talk policy.
Photographer: Gary Coronado/PoolFacebookTwitterEmailPrintShare2016 ElectionsTrump's Debate Was a Disaster. If Voters Notice.Jonathan Bernstein is a Bloomberg View columnist. He taught political science at the University of Texas at San Antonio and DePauw University and wrote A Plain Blog About Politics. Read More.@jbviewFeb 26, 2016 12:08 AM ESTa | AByJonathan BernsteinDonald Trump is better at TV than anyone else who has ever appeared in presidential debates. Much better.He also has no capacity at all to speak coherently on policy. He's lazy: He's developed about five minutes, maybe 10, of talking points, and he sticks with them. And as one crazy billionaire on a sitcom said when he ran for president, Trump doesn't just have skeletons in his closet. He has "skeletons running around eating leftovers from the fridge."Of course, as my Bloomberg View colleague Megan McArdle pointed out during tonight's debate, plenty of people have written about Trump's lack of policy knowledge, but it hasn't been dramatized in front of a large audience yet. Tonight, Marco Rubio and Ted Cruz turned their attacks on him, and fully exposed him as basically a fraud and a buffoon. Whether the media will say that -- in the news pages, not just the opinion pages -- is an open question. It's also unclear whether Republican voters will care.The biggest moment came on health care, when Trump was repeatedly urged by CNN's Dana Bash and by Marco Rubio to go beyond "get rid of the lines," which is all Trump has rehearsed on the subject. He couldn't. Rubio, quick on the uptake after his infamous glitch in the pre-New Hampshire debate, pointed out that Trump was now repeating himself; in fact, he continued, "I just watched you repeat yourself five times five seconds ago" and proceeded to mock Trump's slogans. It was great theater, and it was also dead-on accurate. That's what Trump has: A handful of slogans to fill in on each subject, which he repeats as much as necessary. That, and of course talking about how great he is. He did the same thing on Israel later in the debate. He does the same thing on immigration: He has a great line (for those who enjoy that sort of thing) about building a wall and making Mexico pay for it, but he can't really speak coherently beyond that. Yes, all of that has been true from the start. Maybe Republican voters don't care; after all, they've been trained by their party to oppose the very idea of complex government policy, including conservative policies. But at least tonight it was more obvious than usual that Trump is wildly unprepared for the office he is seeking.Cruz and especially Rubio came prepared to hit Trump hard on personal issues as well, including a civil lawsuit he's currently been slapped with over "Trump University" and over hiring foreign workers for a Florida project. While these had been reported on before, they were new to the Republican debate stage. As was pressure on Trump to release his tax returns, an issue raised earlier today by Mitt Romney, of all people. Trump's response was his usual bluster, denial and attack. One of his specialties when confronted with something he's said, on policy or anything else, is just to flat-out deny it. But if it generates high-profile follow-up stories, none of that plays well.The pattern is clear and predictable: When faced with a poor performance, a tough story, or good news from another candidate, Trump says something crazy to pull the attention back to himself and on his own terms. He's likely to do it within the next 24-hour news cycle, maybe within the next 24 minutes.To my eyes, Trump's performance was a disaster, start to finish. But my eyes aren't important. What will matter is how a third of the Republican electorate reacts to it -- the third who are not yet sold on Trump, but not yet repulsed by him either.This column does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the editorial board or Bloomberg LP and its owners.To contact the author of this story: Jonathan Bernstein at jbernstein62@bloomberg.netTo contact the editor responsible for this story: Philip Gray at philipgray@bloomberg.netFacebookTwitterEmailPrintCommentsJonathan Bernstein is a Bloomberg View columnist. He taught political science at the University of Texas at San Antonio and DePauw University and wrote A Plain Blog About Politics. Read more@jbviewMost PopularMichael R. BloombergStop Blaming. Start Governing.Kara AlaimoMelania Trump Needs Some Public-Relations HelpJonathan BernsteinA Republican Fiasco Years in the MakingDanielle DiMartino BoothPension Crisis Too Big for Markets to IgnoreTimothy L. O'BrienTrump's Hotel in the SwampAlbert R. HuntTrump Economy Needs Wings and Prayers to SoarAlbert R. HuntDemocrats Have a Gorsuch ProblemView ContributorsAlbert R. HuntBarry RitholtzMohamed A. El-ErianJonathan BernsteinMegan McArdle©2017 Bloomberg L.P. All Rights ReservedTerms of ServicePrivacy Policy

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Patent US20040147236 - Method and system of retransmission - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsThe present invention relates to gen-eration and transmis-sion of status reports utilizing available HARQ infor-ma-tion. The invention is well suited for a cellu-lar mo-bile radio communications sys-tem, particularly a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, UMTS....http://www.google.com/patents/US20040147236?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US20040147236 - Method and system of retransmissionAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS20040147236 A1Publication typeApplicationApplication numberUS 10/477,414PCT numberPCT/SE2002/000986Publication dateJul 29, 2004Filing dateMay 21, 2002Priority dateMay 22, 2001Also published asDE60237279D1, EP1396119A1, EP1396119B1, US7197317, WO2002096044A1Publication number10477414, 477414, PCT/2002/986, PCT/SE/2/000986, PCT/SE/2/00986, PCT/SE/2002/000986, PCT/SE/2002/00986, PCT/SE2/000986, PCT/SE2/00986, PCT/SE2000986, PCT/SE2002/000986, PCT/SE2002/00986, PCT/SE2002000986, PCT/SE200200986, PCT/SE200986, US 2004/0147236 A1, US 2004/147236 A1, US 20040147236 A1, US 20040147236A1, US 2004147236 A1, US 2004147236A1, US-A1-20040147236, US-A1-2004147236, US2004/0147236A1, US2004/147236A1, US20040147236 A1, US20040147236A1, US2004147236 A1, US2004147236A1InventorsStefan Parkvall, Johan TorsnerOriginal AssigneeStefan Parkvall, Johan TorsnerExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (11), Referenced by (82), Classifications (17), Legal Events (3) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetMethod and system of retransmission
US 20040147236 A1Abstract
The present invention relates to gen-eration and transmis-sion of status reports utilizing available HARQ infor-ma-tion. The invention is well suited for a cellu-lar mo-bile radio communications sys-tem, particularly a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, UMTS. Images(7) Claims(33)
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to retransmissions in a communications system, and more especially it relates to a cellular mobile radio system, particularly to a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, UMTS or WCDMA system. BACKGROUND AND DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART [0002] Retransmission of data to or from a mobile station, MS, or user equipment, UE, is previously known. It is also known to use medium access control and radio link control layers of a UMTS protocol structure in acknowledged mode for dedicated channels. [0003] In acknowledged mode, retransmissions are undertaken in case of detected transmission errors not recovered by forward error control. This is also called automatic repeat request, ARQ. With ARQ, retransmissions can be undertaken unless a transmitted message is (positively) acknowledged or if it is negatively acknowledged. Generally there are time limits for the respective positive and negative acknowledgements to be considered. [0004] Within this patent application, a radio network controller, RNC, is understood as a network element including a radio resource controller. Node B is a logical node responsible for radio transmission/reception in one or more cells to/from a User Equipment. A base station, BS, is a physical entity representing Node B. [0005] Medium access control, MAC, and radio link control, RLC, is used within radio communications systems like General Packet Radio Services, GPRS, and UMTS. [0006] U.S. Pat. No. 5,570,367 discloses a wireless communications system arranged to transmit acknowledgement and request for retransmission messages. Data received in a microcell from an end user device is forwarded to a cell site. Data received by the cell site is transmitted to a cellular switch. A base station sends a poll message to the end user device, inquiring for the status of unacknowledged messages previously transmitted from the base station. [0007] Also, a base station transmitter window is defined. A lower end pointer identifies a lowest numbered packet transmitted to and acknowledged by the base station. The upper end pointer identifies the highest numbered packet transmitted by the base station. Consequently, the window represents packets transmitted by the base station and unacknowledged by the end user device. [0008] U.S. Pat. No. 5,222,061 describes a data services retransmission procedure to control unnecessary multiple retransmissions of a data packet by tracking the sequence numbers of transmitted packets. The data packet is retransmitted if it appears in the list prior to the last data packet that is received correctly. Upon retransmission, the sequence numbers of the list are rearranged. A receiver transmits a status control message to a transmitter periodically. The patent recognizes that the receiver may have correctly received a packet, which was included in a status control message. [0009] U.S. Pat. No. 6,118,765 also recognizes an acknowledge scheme of a discriminator using a sliding window. The discriminator passes valid packets for forwarding. [0010] 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP): Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network, Physical Layer Procedures, 3G TS 25.301 v3.6.0, France, September 2000, specifies in chapter 5 Radio Interface Protocol Architecture of a UMTS system. There are three protocol layers: [0011] physical layer, layer 1 or L1, [0012] data link layer, layer 2 or L2, and [0013] network layer, layer 3 or L3. [0014] Layer 2, L2, and layer 3, L3 are divided into Control and User Planes. Layer 2 consists of two sub-layers, RLC and MAC, for the Control Plane and four sub-layers, BMC, PDCP, RLC and MAC, for the User Plane. The acronyms BMC, PDCP, RLC and MAC denote Broadcast/Multicast Control, Packet Data Convergence Protocol, Radio Link Control and Medium Access Control respectively. [0015] [0015]FIG. 1 illustrates a simplified UMTS layers 1 and 2 protocol structure for a Uu Stratum, UuS, or Radio Stratum, between a user equipment UE and a Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network, UTRAN. [0016] Radio Access Bearers, RABs, make available radio resources (and services) to user applications. For each mobile station there may be one or several RABs. Data flows (in the form of segments) from the RABs are passed to respective Radio Link Control, RLC, entities which amongst other tasks buffer the received data segments. There is one RLC entity for each RAB. In the RLC layer, RABs are mapped onto respective logical channels. A Medium Access Control, MAC, entity receives data transmitted in the logical channels and further maps logical channels onto a set of transport channels. In accordance with subsection 5.3.1.2 of the 3GPP technical specification MAC should support service multiplexing e.g. for RLC services to be mapped on the same transport channel. In this case identification of multiplexing is contained in the MAC protocol control information. [0017] Transport channels are finally mapped to a single physical channel which has a total bandwidth allocated to it by the network. In frequency division duplex mode, a physical channel is defined by code, frequency and, in the uplink, relative phase (I/Q). In time division duplex mode a physical channel is defined by code, frequency, and time-slot. The DSCH, e.g., is mapped onto one or several physical channels such that a specified part of the downlink resources is employed. As further described in subsection 5.2.2 of the 3GPP technical specification the L1 layer is responsible for error detection on transport channels and indication to higher layer, FEC encoding/decoding and interleaving/deinterleaving of transport channels. [0018] PDCP provides mapping between Network PDUs (Protocol Data Units) of a network protocol, e.g. the Internet protocol, to an RLC entity. PDCP compresses and decompresses redundant Network PDU control information (header compression and decompression). [0019] For transmissions on point-to-multipoint logical channels, BMC stores at UTRAN-side Broadcast Messages received from an RNC, calculates the required transmission rate and requests for the appropriate channel resources. It receives scheduling information from the RNC, and generates schedule messages. For transmission the messages are mapped on a point-to-multipoint logical channel. At the UE side, BMC evaluates the schedule messages and deliver Broadcast Messages to upper layer in the UE. [0020] 3G TS 25.301 also describes protocol termination, i.e. in which node of the UTRAN the radio interface protocols are terminated, or equivalently, where within UTRAN the respective protocol services are accessible. [0021] 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP): Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network, Physical Layer Procedures, 3G TS 25.322 v3.5.0, France, December 2000, specifies the RLC protocol. The RLC layer provides three services to the higher layers: [0022] transparent data transfer service, [0023] unacknowledged data transfer service, and [0024] acknowledged data transfer service. [0025] In subsection 4.2.1.3 an acknowledged mode entity, AM-entity, is described (see FIG. 4.4 of the 3GPP Technical Specification). In acknowledged mode automatic repeat request, ARQ, is used. The RLC sub-layer provides ARQ functionality closely coupled with the radio transmission technique used. The 3GPP technical specification also reveals various triggers for a status report to be transmitted. The receiver shall always send a status report, if it receives a polling request. There are also three status report triggers, which can be configured [0026] 1. Missing PU(s) Detected, [0027] 2. Timer Initiated Status Report, and [0028] 3. Estimated PDU Counter. [0029] For trigger 1, the receiver shall trigger transmission of a status report to the sender if a payload unit, PU, is detected to be missing. (One PU is included in one RLC PDU.) With trigger 2, a receiver triggers transmission of a status report periodically according to a timer. Finally, trigger 3 relates in short to a timer corresponding to an estimated number of received PUs before the requested PUs are received. The 3GPP Technical Specification specifies a status PDU used to report the status between two RLC AM (‘Acknowledged Mode’) entities. [0030] None of the cited documents above discloses a method and system of eliminating or reducing transmissions of link status reports over a scarce link resource. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0031] Cited prior art references describe retransmissions between a UE and an RNC. According to preferred embodiments of the invention retransmissions are terminated in Node B and UE respectively. [0032] Status reports are transferred between RLC entities in order to, e.g., update the transmitter window. Even if retransmissions are terminated in Node B, there are reasons for keeping RLC functionality in RNC. Accordingly, RNC will poll a UE connected to the RNC for status reports. This polling and subsequent transmission of the requested status report will increase the load on the radio interface. [0033] Consequently, it is an object of this invention to eliminate or reduce transmissions over a scarce resource such as a radio interface. [0034] A further object is to also generate status reports in Node B. [0035] It is also an object to achieve a system compatible with status reports being generated for some triggers in a user equipment and for some triggers in a Node B. [0036] Finally, it is an object to introduce an L2 protocol in Node B, responsible for communication of status reports. [0037] These objects are met by the invention, which is particularly well suited for a high-speed downlink packet access channel of an evolved universal mobile telecommunications system. [0038] Preferred embodiments of the invention, by way of examples, are described with reference to the accompanying drawings below.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0039] [0039]FIG. 1 displays a layered protocol structure, according to prior art, in a radio communications system. [0040] [0040]FIG. 2 displays a layered protocol structure, according to the invention, in a radio communication system. [0041] [0041]FIG. 3 shows communication, according to the invention, between a UE and a base station involved in a connection between an RNC and the UE. [0042] [0042]FIG. 4 schematically illustrates MAC and RLC protocol layers, according to the invention, in a multilayer protocol structure. [0043] [0043]FIG. 5 schematically illustrates the status report generation and transmissions, according to the invention. [0044] [0044]FIG. 6 displays a Node B according to the invention. [0045] [0045]FIG. 7 displays a User Equipment according to the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [0046] [0046]FIG. 2 show a preferred layered protocol structure, a protocol stack, according to the invention The L2 MAC layer of FIG. 1 has been extended and divided into two sub-layers, a new L2 MAC sub-layer and a new MAC-HSDPA sub-layer. Essentially the new L2 MAC sub-layer corresponds to the prior art L2 MAC sub-layer of FIG. 1. The MAC-HSDPA plus the MAC layer could be regarded as one single MAC layer extended to also include hybrid ARQ functionality. However, for reasons of explanation they are preferably regarded as separate sub-layers. Further, on the network side, considering them as separate protocol sub-layers physically better corresponds to the physical entities where they reside. As illustrated in FIG. 2 on the UTRAN-side (or network side) L2 MAC sub-layer is preferably located in RNC, whereas L2 MAC-HSDPA sub-layer is located in Node B. As the hybrid ARQ protocol combines successively received retransmissions it is a great advantage to have this protocol close to the physical layer and, particularly, in Node B. Among the advantages achieved thereby, e.g., the roundtrip delay is reduced as compared to a location in RNC. Within this patent application the protocol layers, except for L2 MAC and L2 MAC-HSDPA as just explained, correspond to those of FIG. 1. [0047] With reference to FIG. 3, Node B 1 and Node B 2 of a radio communications system are logical nodes responsible for radio transmission/reception in one or more cells to/from the User Equipment UE. BS 1 and BS 2 are physical entities representing Node B 1 and Node B 2 respectively. Node B 1 and Node B 2 terminate the air interface, called Uu interface within UMTS, between UE and respective Node B towards the radio network controller RNC. In UMTS the interface between a Node B and an RNC is called Iub interface. [0048] Preferably, all Nodes B of the radio communications system operate according to the invention for outstanding performance. However, the invention can also be used in systems also including Nodes B not operating according to the invention. [0049] [0049]FIG. 4 describes somewhat more detailed than FIG. 2 the information transfer between the sub-layers of the protocol stack. In an exemplary situation, and with reference to FIG. 3, UE communicates over a radio link associated with BS 1. Packet switched data is transmitted in protocol data units, PDUs, in both directions. Each PDU is transported on a transport channel in at least one transport block, TB, as shown in FIG. 4. Preferably there is one TB for each PDU. As described above, transmission errors on the transport channel are corrected and detected by layer L1. Each transport block, TB, in FIG. 4 can be provided an individual CRC error-detecting checksum prior to transmission on the physical channel. However, preferably a transmission unit, carrying one or more TBs, is provided only one CRC error-detecting checksum. If a transmission unit is detected to be in error on the receiving side, this is reported to the L2 MAC layer. [0050] L2 MAC layer can request retransmission of transmission units received in error. Transmission units, detected to be in error, still carry information that should not be wasted. Preferably hybrid ARQ, utilizing information available from earlier transmission(s) of a transmission unit by proper combining with the latest retransmission, is used prior to an L2 MAC layer request for retransmission. [0051] At the receiving end, error detection is also performed by layer L2 RLC of FIG. 4. If an RLC protocol data unit, PDU, is received in error or the PDU is missing, it will be requested for retransmission at a point in time when a status report is established by the RLC layer. RLC PDUs are transferred to/from the MAC layer SDUs. The MAC SDU possibly includes a header not included in the RLC PDU. As explained in relation to FIG. 2, according to the invention there are preferably two MAC sub-layers, an L2 MAC sub-layer and an L2 MAC-HSDPA sub-layer. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the L2 MAC sub-layer is located in RNC and the L2 MAC-HSDPA sub-layer is located in Node B. As previously described, the RLC PDUs are transferred in transport blocks, TBs, on the physical channel. The L2 MAC-HSDPA layer transfers TBs to the L1 physical layer. In the reverse direction the L2 MAC-HSDPA layer transfers TBs, possibly after combining of multiple transmissions of the respective TBs, indicated to be error-free to the L2 MAC layer. TBs not indicated to be error-free are requested for retransmission. [0052] A network layer PDU or L3 PDU can comprise several RLC PDUs, as illustrated in FIG. 4. RLC PDUs are reassembled into RLC service data units, RLC SDU, prior to delivery to higher layer PDU. The L3 protocol can be, e.g., the Internet Protocol, IP. Upon reception from L3, RLC SDUs are segmented into RLC PDUs. [0053] In an evolved WCDMA system, a high-speed downlink packet access channel, HSDPA channel, is a channel with similarities to a DSCH. However, it is based on a novel transport channel type. In the sequel, this is referred to as a High-Speed Downlink Shared CHannel, HS-DSCH. An HS-DSCH supports many new features not supported by DSCH, but also inherits some of the characteristics of a DSCH. There are several important features of an HS-DSCH. A sample of features is: [0054] High data rates with peak data rates up to tens of Mbit/s. [0055] Data is transmitted to multiple users on a shared channel by means of time-division multiplex, TDM, or code-division multiplex, CDM. [0056] Higher-order modulation. [0057] Modulation adaptive to radio channel conditions. [0058] Fast retransmission with soft combining of retransmitted data at UE, also referred to as Fast Hybrid ARQ or Fast HARQ. [0059] Low air-interface delay, with maximum roundtrip delay down to some ten milliseconds. [0060] It is preferred that the Fast Hybrid ARQ is terminated in Node B. Given L2 RLC located in RNC, the RLC layer should not be responsible of Fast Hybrid ARQ. According to preferred embodiments of the invention, an L2 MAC-HSDPA sub-layer is responsible of Fast Hybrid ARQ. At UTRAN-side the L2 MAC-HSDPA sub-layer is located in Node B. [0061] As an alternative to introducing the MAC-HSDPA sub-layer in Node B, the RLC protocol could reside in Node B. However, for reasons of compatibility RLC is in charge of ciphering and in-order delivery, preferably located in RNC. With RLC sub-layer residing in RNC, reliable packet delivery will be insured between Node B and RNC. [0062] One reason for terminating the Fast Hybrid ARQ in Node B is the reduction of roundtrip delay as compared to terminating it in RNC. Another reason is that Node B is capable of using soft combining of multiply transmitted data packets, whereas RNC generally only receives hard-quantized bits. [0063] L2 RLC sub-layer requires status reports acknowledging packet data units previously transferred from the L2 RLC layer, e.g. to advance the sliding transmitter window of the L2 RLC protocol. When, e.g., a poll timer times out it consequently transfers an inquiry for a status report. This inquiry is destined for the UE, in accordance with prior art. However, such an inquiry would load the scarce resource of the radio interface between Node B and UE. Further, terminating the Fast Hybrid ARQ in Node B, during stable operating conditions this node will be currently informed of the receive status of the UE in accordance with the Fast Hybrid ARQ scheme, possibly with a short delay for the most recent update of UE. [0064] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention the Hybrid ARQ protocol entity at UTRAN-side generates status reports to the RNC-RLC. Status reports can be generated either upon request of the RNC-RLC (polling) or as conditionally triggered locally. In case of the latter, the triggers described in prior art and referred to on page 5 apply. Another trigger to be included is the number of PDUs received by Node B from RNC. When a predefined number of PDUs have been received by Node B, a status report is established in the Hybrid ARQ protocol entity, and transmitted to RNC. [0065] Correspondingly, when Node B deals with status report establishment, the status report triggering in the UE can be relieved, in order not to load the scarce communication link resource between Node B and UE. With reference to trigger 1 on page 5, the triggering of UE can be avoided if Node B detects the missing PU in due time for delivery to UE prior to a point in time when it would otherwise have been detected or otherwise initiated establishment and transmission of a status report from UE. Triggers 2 and 3 depend on a preset time interval or number of PDUs. By extending the parameters appropriately, the number of status reports per unit time initiated in UE by these triggers can be reduced to a sufficiently small number, not loading the scarce communication link resource between UE and Node B more than necessary. [0066] [0066]FIGS. 5a and 5 b schematically illustrate the status report generation and transmissions, according to the invention. In FIG. 5a, L2 RLC located in RNC transfers data to UE via Node B, as already described in relation to FIGS. 1-4. Downlink data 3 and requests for status reports 2 are transferred 3, 2 to UE via Node B. UE can also generate status reports when properly triggered locally. Status reports 1 are transmitted from UE to RNC, as described in relation to cited prior art. [0067] In FIG. 5a, the Hybrid ARQ protocol resides in Node B. Downlink data is transmitted 3 over the radio interface between Node B and UE. Depending on whether the data transmission was successful or not, acknowledgements are transmitted 4 to Node B from UE. Status reports are generated in UE if data packets are missing, or detected to be out of sequence and transmitted 1, 4 to Node B. Status reports can also be transmitted 4 from UE upon request from Node B. In the sequel acknowledgements and status reports, and possibly other signaling related to Fast Hybrid ARQ, from UE to Node B are collectively referred to as HARQ signaling 4. Consequently, Node B has a good picture of the UE status as regards data packets transmitted to UE from RNC via Node B. [0068] [0068]FIG. 5b shows a preferred solution according to the invention, where UE status in accordance with transmitted downlink data 3 and HARQ signaling 4 is stored in the HARQ protocol entity, preferably a MAC-HSDPA protocol. [0069] When UE might locally generate status reports according to one or more predefined triggers, the one or more status reports are transferred 4 to Node B. Upon reception in Node B, this Node decides whether or not a received status report concerns also L2 RLC protocol layer. If so, the status report, possibly edited by Node B, is transferred 5 to L2 RLC residing in RNC. If not, Node B will undertake all actions necessary, in accordance with the status report. [0070] An example of a UE-generated status report concerning the L2 RLC protocol of RNC is when UE-HARQ protocol, preferably in the MAC-HSDPA protocol link layer, detects a failure in UE, possibly due to a previously transmitted acknowledgment received in error by Node B. Upon detection of this failure, an RLC PDU will not be transferred from L2 MAC sub-layer to L2 RLC sub-layer of UE, as only presumably correct PDUs are transferred. When L2 RLC sub-layer of UE detects a missing RLC PDU, the sequence number of the missing RLC PDU will be included in a status report, generated by UE, and requested for retransmission from L2 RLC residing in RNC. Swedish patent application No. 0100739-2 assigned to the Applicant, and incorporated herein by reference, describes a method and system of retransmission, reducing or eliminating unnecessary retransmissions. This method and system can also be applied with the present invention, further reducing the load on the radio interface. [0071] When L2 RLC, residing in RNC, sends a request for status report to UE, the request is first received in Node B, in both FIGS. 5a and 5 b. In FIG. 5a, the request for status report is forwarded 2 to UE by default. Consequently, the requests and their responses load the radio interface between Node B and UE. Between Node B and UE, signaling and packet transfer are indicated by double arrows, 1 and 4 for uplink, and 2 and 3 for downlink, due to their logical differences. However, there is only one physical radio spectrum available with a limited channel capacity in each direction. Therefore, when the HARQ protocol entity or Node B is made responsible for status report generation and replies to L2 RLC requests for status reports, as in FIG. 5b, the load on the radio interface can be relieved. Hence, the elimination of arrows 1 and 2 between Node B and UE in FIG. 5b is not absolute. Depending on triggers selected, potential protocol failure etc. some signaling or packet transfer illustrated by the arrows in FIG. 5a may remain. However, the lack of these arrows in FIG. 5b illustrates that a substantial amount of the load can be eliminated according to the invention. In the foregoing, it was explained for various status report triggers, not limiting the invention only to this or other particular examples, how the invention can reduce the load of a scarce communication link resource in downlink, in uplink, or both. [0072] [0072]FIG. 6 displays a Node B according to the invention. As explained in relation to FIG. 5, Node B receives responses from UE providing information on the outcome of data transfers over the radio interface from Node B to UE. By means of this information Node B establishes an image of the UE status. In FIG. 6, the information provided is input to and the status image is established in means 6 of Node B. Preferably means 6 is localized to the entity of the hybrid ARQ protocol, as this protocol processes the UE responses to decide whether data packets should be retransmitted or not. [0073] Further, the hybrid ARQ protocol passes information from RLC destined for UE, requests for retransmissions destined for UE included. According to the invention there is provided means 7 for receiving request for one or more status reports of UE and means 8 for identifying RLC requests for status report destined for the RLC layer of UE. Upon identification of a request for status report, processing means 9 of the protocol entity determines whether there is an established status report available or if there is enough information available for establishment of a status report in means 6, properly reflecting the UE status. If so, the transfer of the RLC request for status report to RLC layer of UE is inhibited and means 10 of Node B transmits to RLC layer of RNC/UTRAN the status report based on data imaging UE status. [0074] Node B also comprises means 11 for receiving status reports destined for RLC of RNC/UTRAN from UE. As explained above such a status report can be established without being initiated by a request from RLC of RNC/UTRAN, e.g., when the hybrid ARQ protocol fails and there is need for retransmission of a PDU from RLC. However, in some cases the corresponding PDU has not been deleted from the UTRAN-side hybrid ARQ protocol entity. Processing means 12 of Node B determines, depending on the various conditions, whether the status report from UE should be forwarded, as a whole or in part, to RLC layer of RNC/UTRAN or if all or some of requested PDUs are already available in the UTRAN-side hybrid ARQ protocol entity with no need to request the PDUs from RLC. [0075] [0075]FIG. 7 displays a User Equipment, UE, according to the invention. The UE comprises protocol means being an entity of at least one of an L2 RLC layer 13, an L2 MAC layer 14 and/or an L2 MAC-HSDPA layer 15. As described in detail above, the L2 MAC-HSDPA can alternatively be considered an extension of an L2 MAC layer. Preferably the L2 MAC-HSDPA layer 15 includes a HARQ protocol. The user equipment also comprises an L1 layer 16. When L2 RLC layer in UE establishes status reports according to prior art, the status reports are destined for the L2 RLC correspondence in UTRAN. Also layer L2 MAC and the extension thereof, or layer L2 MAC-HSDPA, have their UTRAN correspondences. The UTRAN-entity or -entities of these layers residing in Node B are referred to as UTRAN-HARQ protocol entity/entities. Their one or more correspondences in UE are referred to as UE HARQ protocol entity/entities. According to the invention, PDUs of status reports established in L2 RLC layer 13 are passed to the UE HARQ protocol layer 14, 15. [0076] A person skilled in the art readily understands that the receiver and transmitter properties of a BS or a UE are general in nature. The use of concepts such as BS, UE or RNC within this patent application is not intended to limit the invention only to devices associated with these acronyms. It concerns all devices operating correspondingly, or being obvious to adapt thereto by a person skilled in the art, in relation to the invention. As an explicit nonexclusive example the invention relates to mobile stations without a subscriber identity module, SIM, as well as user equipment including one or more SIMs. Further, protocols and layers are referred to in close relation with UMTS terminology. However, this does not exclude applicability of the invention in other systems with other protocols and layers of similar functionality. 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H04L1/1812European ClassificationH04L41/06, H04L1/16F5, H04L1/18D, H04L1/18R5Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionNov 13, 2003ASAssignmentOwner name: TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON (PUBL), SWEDENFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:PARKVALL, STEFAN;TORSNER, JOHAN;REEL/FRAME:015172/0958;SIGNING DATES FROM 20031031 TO 20031104Sep 27, 2010FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Sep 29, 2014FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services

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Albemarle IPL - Deals in Albemarle, NC | Groupon
IPL in Albemarle, NC
Carol Calvert has always been passionate about energy healing, tracing her interest in it back to her work with children and adults with ADHD. As an educator and advocate in that environment, she learned firsthand the power of energy healing and soon after became a licensed Spiritual Health Coach, Reiki master, and eventually a light coach and expert.
She founded Lighting Up Charlotte as a way to share her love of light energy therapy with others, offering light coaching and light experience meditation within her healing space. She also extends the healing power of light to animals with equine light therapy, which aims to treat horses' aches and pains caused by saddles, overwork, or walking around like a human when no one's around. Read More
7016 Providence Ln. W


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Par 3 Golf Course in Conroe, Texas with Reviews & Ratings - YP.comFind People•Advertise With UsBrowseFind PeopleFeatured CollectionsRestaurantsAutomotiveHome ImprovementHealth & WellnessAttorneysPeople Searched For...Roofing ContractorsPlumbersInsuranceElectriciansPest Control ServicesMoversHouse CleaningSelf StoragePainting ContractorsLawn MaintenanceTaxisAutomobile SalvageTree ServiceVeterinariansLandscape ContractorsAuto Repair & ServiceScrap MetalsLumberAttorneysDentistsLocks & LocksmithsManufacturing CompaniesLoansAre you alocal business owner?Advertise with YPor call 888-367-2194What do you want to find?Search by business name, or keywordnearWhere? Address, ZIP Code, or NeighborhoodMy current locationSearchSign In•JoinHomeConroe, TXPar 3 Golf CourseConroe Par 3 Golf CourseSort:DefaultDefaultDistanceRatingName (A - Z)FiltersFiltersMore NeighborhoodsApril SoundAugusta PinesBentwaterBentwoodCarlton WoodsCochran's CrossingCreekside ParkDel LagoGrand Lake EstatesGrogan's MillKingwoodLake WindcrestNorthampton EstatesNorthgate CrossingPanoramaRiver PlantationSam Moon Center WoodlandsShenandoahThe WoodlandsWaldenWedgewood NorthDoneClear AllMore CategoriesAssociationsBanquet Halls & Reception FacilitiesBarsClubsCruisesDiving Excursions & ChartersGolf CoursesGolf Equipment & SuppliesGolf Equipment & Supplies-Wholesale & ManufacturersGolf InstructionGolf Practice RangesGolf Tournament Booking & Planning ServiceHotelsLodgingMotelsPlaces Of InterestPrivate ClubsPrivate Golf CoursesResortsSocial Service OrganizationsSporting GoodsSports & Entertainment CentersSports Clubs & OrganizationsSports InstructionTourist Information & AttractionsTravel AgenciesVolunteer Placement ServicesWedding Supplies & ServicesDoneClear AllCategoryGolf CoursesGolf Equipment & SuppliesPrivate Golf CoursesMore »FeaturesCouponsBook a TableMake an AppointmentBBB Rated A+/ANeighborhoodsThe WoodlandsGrogan's MillAugusta PinesMore »Sponsored LinksAdd to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your fun collection!Error when adding to fun collectionThis business was removed from the fun collection1. 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Woodlands Golf17943 Interstate 45 SShenandoah, TX 77385(936) 321-1401Golf Equipment & SuppliesWebsiteAdd to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your shopping collection!Error when adding to shopping collectionThis business was removed from the shopping collection14. April Sound Golf Shop1000 April Sound BlvdMontgomery, TX 77356(936) 447-1700Golf CoursesGolf Equipment & SuppliesWebsiteAdd to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your fun collection!Error when adding to fun collectionThis business was removed from the fun collection15. Augusta Pines Golf Club18 Augusta Pines DriveSpring, TX 77389(281) 290-1900Golf CoursesGolf Practice RangesWebsiteAdd to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your fun collection!Error when adding to fun collectionThis business was removed from the fun collection16. Spring Valley Golf Club(3)25110 Gosling RdSpring, TX 77389(281) 351-8628Golf CoursesPrivate Golf CoursesWebsiteWere else in the Houston can you go and play a round of disc golf with a well stocked disc golf pro shop on site!!! 28 holes of disc golf. They've …Add to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your fun collection!Error when adding to fun collectionThis business was removed from the fun collection17. Woodforest Golf Club1199 Fish Creek Ln ThoroughfareMontgomery, TX 77316(936) 588-8800Golf CoursesPrivate Golf CoursesWebsiteMake an AppointmentAdd to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your fun collection!Error when adding to fun collectionThis business was removed from the fun collection18. Canongate at the Woodlands2311 N Millbend DrSpring, TX 77380(281) 882-3000Golf CoursesPrivate Golf CoursesClubsWebsiteAdd to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your fun collection!Error when adding to fun collectionThis business was removed from the fun collection19. 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Willow Creek Golf Club24525 Northcrest DrSpring, TX 77389(281) 376-1501Golf CoursesPrivate Golf CoursesClubsWebsiteFrom Business: Willow Creek Golf Club is a recreational facility that was established in 1981. Its amenities include an 18-hole golf course, driving range, chipping greens and loc…Sponsored LinksShowing1-30
of 51results12NextAdd a New CollectionOops! There was a problem saving the new custom collection.Please try again.Collection Name cannot be emptyUpload a Photo(optional)Remaining Characters: 100Remaining Characters: 500CancelSaveMap ViewFeatured Golf Coursesin Conroe, TexasMoody Gardens(20)1 Hope Blvd, Galveston, TX 77554(409) 683-4200Experience Life at Moody Gardens!WebsiteCouponsReservationsDirectionsMore InfoGolf Etc Humble312 Higgins St, Humble, TX 77338(844) 336-4148DirectionsMore InfoDidn't find what you were looking for?magnifying glassPlease help others by helping us do better.Suggest a BusinessAboutAbout UsSite FeedbackContact UsAdvertise with UsCareers - We're HiringCorporate BlogEngineering BlogLegal

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