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Patent US6999014 - Incremental-delta analogue-to-digital conversion - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign in<nobr>Advanced Patent Search</nobr>PatentsA method of, and a converter for, converting an analogue input signal (X) to a digital output signal (Y) by incremental-delta conversion in which, at clock intervals, a non-uniform quantizer (7) produces digital quantizer signals, a digital-to-analogue converter (5) produces analogue quantizer signals...http://www.google.com/patents/US6999014?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6999014 - Incremental-delta analogue-to-digital conversionAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS6999014 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 10/494,316PCT numberPCT/EP2002/011845Publication dateFeb 14, 2006Filing dateOct 23, 2002Priority dateOct 31, 2001Fee statusPaidAlso published asCN1593010A, CN100431270C, DE60113442D1, DE60113442T2, EP1317068A1, EP1317068B1, US20040263370, WO2003039006A2, WO2003039006A3Publication number10494316, 494316, PCT/2002/11845, PCT/EP/2/011845, PCT/EP/2/11845, PCT/EP/2002/011845, PCT/EP/2002/11845, PCT/EP2/011845, PCT/EP2/11845, PCT/EP2002/011845, PCT/EP2002/11845, PCT/EP2002011845, PCT/EP200211845, PCT/EP2011845, PCT/EP211845, US 6999014 B2, US 6999014B2, US-B2-6999014, US6999014 B2, US6999014B2InventorsOmid Oliaei, Berengere Le MenOriginal AssigneeFreescale Semiconductor, Inc.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (7), Non-Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (7), Classifications (7), Legal Events (7) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetIncremental-delta analogue-to-digital conversionUS 6999014 B2Abstract A method of, and a converter for, converting an analogue input signal (X) to a digital output signal (Y) by incremental-delta conversion in which, at clock intervals, a non-uniform quantizer (7) produces digital quantizer signals, a digital-to-analogue converter (5) produces analogue quantizer signals that are a function of the digital quantizer signals, analogue difference signals (Q) are applied over a feedback loop to the quantizer (7) that are a function of the difference between the input signal (X) and the integral of the analogue quantizer signals since a reset signal, and the digital output signal (Y) is produced as a function of the sum of the digital quantizer signals since the reset signal. The digital quantizer signals have a first magnitude (q) if the magnitude of the analogue difference signals (Q) is less than a threshold magnitude (Vt) and a second magnitude (r), substantially greater than the first magnitude (q), if the magnitude (Q) of the analogue difference signals is greater than the threshold magnitude (Vt), the threshold magnitude (Vt) being substantially less than the magnitude (Vr) of the analogue quantizer signals corresponding to the second magnitude (r). The magnitude of the change in the analogue difference signals (Q) between two successive clock cycles is substantially less than the magnitude of the corresponding analogue quantizer signals (Vq, Vr), so that the gain (q) of the feedback loop from the digital-to-analogue converter (5) to the quantizer (7) is substantially less than one.
1. A method of converting an analogue input signal to a digital output signal by incremental-delta conversion in which, at clock intervals, a quantizer produces digital quantizer signals, a digital-to-analogue converter produces analogue quantizer signals that are a function of said digital quantizer signals, an integrator is responsive to integrator reset signals to produce integrator signals that are integrals with time of said analogue quantizer signals since said reset signals, a feedback loop applies to said quantizer analogue difference signals that are a function of a feedback loop gain and of a difference between said input signal and said integrator signals, and said digital output signal is produced as a function of a sum of said digital quantizer signals since said reset signal; wherein said quantizer is a non-uniform quantizer in which said digital quantizer signals have a first magnitude if said analogue difference signals present a magnitude smaller than a threshold magnitude and a second magnitude, substantially greater than said first magnitude, if the magnitude of said analogue difference signals is greater than said threshold magnitude, said threshold magnitude being substantially less than the magnitude of said analogue quantizer signals corresponding to said second magnitude, and said analogue difference signals changing between two successive clock cycles by a magnitude that is substantially less than the magnitude of the corresponding analogue quantizer signals, so that the gain of the feedback loop from said digital-to-analogue converter to said quantizer is substantially less than one.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said threshold magnitude is greater than half the value of said feedback loop gain multiplied by the magnitude of said analogue quantizer signals corresponding to said second magnitude.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which the conversion continues until the change of said analogue difference signals between two successive clock periods changes sign.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein at the end of the conversion, a least significant digit of said digital output signal is modified as a function of a residual magnitude of said quantizer digital signal.
5. An incremental-delta analogue-to-digital converter for converting an analogue input signal to a digital output signal comprising:
clock means for defining clock intervals;
quantizer means for producing digital quantizer signals at said clock intervals;
digital-to-analogue converter means for producing analogue quantizer signals that are a function of said digital quantizer signals;
reset means for producing a reset signal;
integrator means responsive to said reset signal to produce an integrator signal that is an integral with time of said analogue quantizer signal since said reset signal;
feedback means for applying analogue difference signals over a feedback loop to said quantizer means that are a function of a feedback loop gain and of a difference between said input signal and said integrator signal;
and output means for producing said digital output signal as a function of a sum of said digital quantizer signals since said reset signal;
wherein said quantizer means comprises non-uniform quantizer means such that said digital quantizer signals have a first magnitude if said analogue difference signals present a magnitude less than a threshold magnitude and a second magnitude, substantially greater than said first magnitude, if the magnitude of said analogue difference signals is greater than said threshold magnitude, the gain of the feedback loop from said digital-to-analogue converter to said quantizer being substantially less than one so that said analogue difference signals change between two successive clock cycles by a magnitude substantially less than the magnitude of the analogue quantizer signals.
6. An incremental-delta analogue-to-digital converter as claimed in claim 5, wherein said threshold magnitude is greater than half the value of said gain multiplied by the magnitude of said analogue quantizer signals corresponding to said second magnitude.
7. An incremental-delta analogue-to-digital converter as claimed in claim 5, in which the conversion continues until the change of said analogue difference signals between two successive clock periods changes sign.
8. An incremental-delta analogue-to-digital converter as claimed in claim 7, wherein at the end of the conversion, a least significant digit of said digital output signal is modified as a function of a residual magnitude of said quantizer digital signal.
9. An incremental-delta analogue-to-digital converter in claim 5, wherein said output means comprises a digital accumulator.
10. An incremental-delta analogue-to-digital convener in claim 5, wherein said feedback means and said quantizer means comprise switched-capacitor amplifiers with input voltage offset compensation.
11. An incremental-delta analogue-to-digital converter in claim 5, wherein said digital-to-analogue converter means comprises a resistor string supplied by said analogue signal corresponding to said second magnitude to define said threshold magnitude and said analogue signal corresponding to said first magnitude.
This application is a 371 of PCT/EP02/11845.
This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for analogue-to-digital conversion and more particularly to incremental-delta analogue-to-digital conversion.
Analogue-to-digital converters used for measurement applications are different from the modulators used in telecommunications in the sense that they are reset at the beginning of each conversion process, whereas modulators adjust continuously to variations in the analogue input signal, without reset.
Many different types of analogue-to-digital converters are known, among them delta converters and sigma-delta converters. Sigma-delta analogue-to-digital converters used for measurement applications have proven their capability of reaching high resolutions. However, the conversion time in an incremental sigma-delta is very long because a resolution of N bits requires 2N clocks. So, incremental sigma-delta converters can be used only in very low-speed applications.
In the field of modulators, delta modulation has been generally used to encode voice signals over a few bits; the delta modulator may include a non-uniform quantizer. Delta converters have not found popularity for measurement applications in the past.
A basic delta modulator is shown in FIG. 1 and a basic sigma-delta modulator is shown in FIG. 2. Although the functions of the basic circuit elements are shown separately for the sake of illustration, it will be appreciated that in practice certain elements employed may in fact be common to more than one of the different functions of the modulator.
The delta modulator shown in FIG. 1 receives a variable (typically alternating) input signal X from a source 1. The input signal X is applied to a subtractor 2 in the modulator, which also receives a feedback signal F, whose amplitude is subtracted from the sampled amplitude of the input signal X at each clock period. The output signal from the subtractor 2 is applied to a quantizer 3 whose output signal Q is a binary signal representing the sign (positive or negative) of the subtractor output signal. The quantizer output signal Q is applied to an output circuit 4 that comprises a decimator, that is to say a low pass filter and down-sampler to produce an output signal Y. The quantizer output signal Q is also applied to a digital-to-analogue converter 5 that produces a signal whose amplitude represents the quantizer output signal Q and is applied to an integrator 6 that integrates the output signal of the digital-to-analogue converter over a finite period of time to produce the feedback signal F. Accordingly, the output signal of the subtractor corresponds to the difference between the input signal X and the feedback signal from the integrator 6.
The basic sigma-delta modulator shown in FIG. 2 comprises elements similar to the delta modulator of FIG. 1, which are designated by similar references. The sigma-delta modulator comprises a subtractor 2 that receives an input signal X from a source 1 and also receives a feedback signal F, whose amplitude is subtracted from the sampled amplitude of the input signal X at each clock period. The output signal from the subtractor 2 is applied to an integrator 6 that integrates the output signal of the subtractor 2 over a finite period of time to produce a signal that is applied to a quantizer 3. The output signal Q of the quantizer 3 is a binary signal representing the sign (positive or negative) of the subtractor output signal. The quantizer output signal Q is applied to an output circuit 4 that comprises a decimator, that is to say a low pass filter and down-sampler to produce an output signal Y. The quantizer output signal Q is also applied to a digital-to-analogue converter 5 that produces the feedback signal F, whose amplitude represents the quantizer output signal Q. Accordingly, the output signal of the subtractor corresponds to the difference between the input signal X and the feedback signal from the digital-to-analogue converter 5.
It will be seen that the delta modulator includes the analogue integrator 6 in the feedback path while in a sigma-delta modulator the analogue integrator 6 is in the feed-forward path.
The article by R. Gregorian and J. G. Gord,� A Continuously Variable Slope Modulation Codec System�, IEEE JSSC, vol. SC-18, No. 6, pp. 692�700, December 1983 proposes to improve the response of a delta modulator by using a non-uniform quantizer, the amplitude of whose output signal has a larger value for a large signal applied to its input and a smaller value for a small signal applied to its input. In this way, the delta modulator can respond a large step size to a rapidly varying input signal but a smaller step size, corresponding to finer resolution, for a slowly varying input signal, reducing overload distortion and granularity noise.
The present invention relates to incremental delta analogue-to-digital conversion.
The basic circuit of an incremental delta converter differs from that of a delta modulator as shown in FIG. 1 in that the output circuit includes a digital accumulator (or up/down counter), the analogue integrator 6 and the digital accumulator both being reset at the beginning of the conversion cycle. The digital accumulator and the analogue integrator 6 respectively totalise the digital difference signals from the quantizer 3 since reset and integrate the corresponding analogue signals since reset.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method of, and a converter for, converting an analogue input signal (X) to a digital output signal (Y) by incremental-delta conversion as described in the accompanying claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a delta modulator,
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sigma-delta modulator,
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an incremental-delta analogue-to-digital converter in accordance with one embodiment of the invention,
FIG. 4 is a graph of the input and output signals of a quantizer in the converter of FIG. 3,
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the operation of the converter of FIG. 3,
FIG. 6 is a graph of signals appearing in a simulation of the operation of the converter of FIG. 3,
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the conversion time of the converter of FIG. 3 as a function of the input signal,
FIG. 8 is a simplified circuit diagram of an incremental-delta analogue-to-digital converter in accordance with a practical embodiment of the invention
FIG. 9 is a more detailed circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the converter of FIG. 8, and
FIG. 10 is a simplified circuit diagram of an offset compensation circuit in the converter of FIG. 8.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 3 shows an incremental delta converter for measurement applications in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. In FIG. 3, similar elements to those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are designated by similar references.
The incremental delta converter shown in FIG. 3 comprises a source 1 of an input signal X that is sampled at the beginning of the measurement cycle and is therefore assumed to be substantially constant over the measurement cycle. The sampled input signal X is applied through a subtractor 2 that then receives a feedback signal F, whose amplitude is subtracted at each subsequent clock period from the amplitude of the input signal X. The output signal from the subtractor 2 is applied to a quantizer 7. The quantizer output signal Q is applied to an output circuit 8 that comprises an accumulator. The quantizer output signal Q is also applied to a digital-to-analogue converter 5 that produces a signal whose amplitude is proportional to the numerical value of the quantizer output signal Q and is applied to an integrator 6 that integrates the output signal of the digital-to-analogue converter to produce the feedback signal F. Reset means, shown symbolically as switches 9 and 10, reset the accumulator 8 and the integrator 6 at the beginning of the measurement cycle. Accordingly, the output signal of the subtractor corresponds to the difference between the initial value of the input signal X and the feedback signal F comprising the integral of the successive values of the analogue signals corresponding to the quantizer output signals integrated by the integrator 6.
In accordance with this embodiment of the invention, the quantizer 7 is a non-uniform quantizer, whose output signal takes one of four different numerical values �q, �r. The output signal is �r if its input Q is greater than a threshold value Vt (smaller than −Vt) and �q if its input Q is smaller than Vt (greater than −Vt), the output of the digital-to-analogue converter 5 taking one of four corresponding values �Vq and �Vr, where r and Vr are substantially greater than q and Vq. An advantage of such a non-uniform quantizer is to shorten the conversion time without penalising the precision of the measurement, since the conversion approaches the asymptotic value more rapidly, with large steps |r| and |Vr|, until the output of the integrator 6 is closer than �Vt to the input signal X, and then continues its approach to the asymptotic value more slowly, with small steps |q| and |Vq| offering high precision in the result. The input voltage range of the analogue-to-digital converter is limited to �Vr.
FIG. 4 shows the characteristics of the quantizer 7, the horizontal axis representing the signal Q from the subtractor 2 and the vertical axis representing the value of the analogue signal at the output of the digital-to-analogue converter 5 corresponding to the output of the quantizer 7. At the beginning of the measurement cycle, the signal Q has a value equal to the input signal X and, if X is greater than Vt, the output of the quantizer takes the numeric value r and the output of the digital-to-analogue converter 5 takes the voltage Vr. At each subsequent clock period, the feedback signal F reduces the magnitude of the output Q of the subtractor 2 until it is less than Vt. When the magnitude of X is less than Vt, the output of the quantizer 7 takes the numeric value q, and the output of the digital-to-analogue converter 5 becomes Vq.
The method of operation is shown in FIG. 5 and begins with a reset stage 11 in which the integrator 6 and accumulator 8 are reset to zero so that the feedback signal F is zero and, before the input signal X is sampled, the output Q of the subtractor 2 is zero. In the next stage 12, the converter is initialised, the input signal X being sampled by the subtractor 2 so that the subtractor output Q is equal to X, the digital output Y is set to the maximum range of the accumulator 8, illustrated here for a 9-stage binary counter, so that Y equals 511, and an index E1 is set to indicate the sign (positive or negative) of the output signal Q of the subtractor 2. The initialisation step 12 may take several clock periods at the end of which the process enters the feedback loop.
In a first feedback stage 13, the output signal Q from the subtractor 2 is then set to its value in the preceding clock period minus the new feedback signal F and an index E2 is set to the new sign of the output signal Q. The following stage depends on a condition 14 whether the modulus of the output signal Q of the subtractor 2 is greater or not than the threshold value Vt. If so, in a stage 15, the feedback signal F is increased by the output Vr of the digital-to-analogue converter 5 corresponding to a large step multiplied by the sign of the output signal Q of the subtractor 2 and multiplied by the gain g of the integrator feedback; the digital output signal Y is increased by the numerical value r (=25 in this example) corresponding to a large step multiplied by the sign of the output signal Q of the subtractor 2; the index E1 is set to the value of the index E2 and the operation returns to the feedback step 13.
If the condition 14 was negative, the modulus of the signal Q being less than Vt, the next stage depends on a condition 16 whether the index E1 is different from the index E2 and E1 is positive; if E1 is not different from E2, this implies that the analogue to digital converter is still converging towards the input signal X; in this case, at a stage 17, the feedback signal F and the output signal Y are adjusted by small steps respectively Vq and q (=21 in this example) multiplied by the sign of the output signal Q. When the output of the analogue integrator 6 reaches and passes the initial amplitude of the input signal X, the output of the quantizer 7 changes sign and this is used to define the end of the conversion operation. This is signified by a positive response to the conditions 16 and the measurement cycle passes to a least significant bit (�LSB�) stage 18. If at condition 16, E1 is positive although E2 is negative, this implies that X was positive and the process proceeds directly to LSB stage 18; if, however, E1 is negative although E2 is positive, this implies that X was negative and, to keep an identical LSB stage 18, the process passes first through the stage 18 again, to invert the sign of the signal Q.
At the LSB stage 18, the value of the feedback signal is increased by Vq/2 multiplied by the sign of the signal Q and multiplied by the gain of the integrator feedback, E1 is set to E2, E2 is set to the sign of the signal Q and the signal Q is set to its value in the preceding clock period less the value of the feedback signal F.
Extraction of the last significant bit (LSB) is only one extra clock period. In fact at the end of conversion, when the step size is changed to Vq/2, the following step depends on a condition 19 whether the index E2 is positive: if so, the count of the accumulator 8 is increased by one and if not it is left unchanged. The conversion cycle is then terminated.
It is assumed that the input voltage X is constant during the conversion process. The above description shows that the output signals can be written as:
y d [N ck ]=N l .r+N s .q (1) y a [N ck ]=N l .g.V r +N s .g.V q (2) V r/ V q =r/q (3)
where Nck represents the total number of steps or clocks in the current measurement cycle, Yd[Nck] represents the value of the digital output signal Y after Nck steps, Nl represents the number of large steps, Ns the number of small steps, and the total number of steps or clocks Nck=Nl+Ns Obviously, the minimum step size represents the resolution of the ADC. So, for a resolution of N−1 bits we need: g � V q = 2 � LSB = 2 � V r 2 N - 1 ( 4 ) In the present example, the voltage reference is provided by a band-gap reference voltage Vr=1.2V. The target resolution of the ADC is 10 bits over an input voltage range of 2.4V, so 1 LSB=2.34375 mV. The voltage is preferably generated by a resistor voltage-divider. The analogue integrator is preferably a switched-capacitor-integrator, whose gain is set by capacitor ratios. Two first parameters to be chosen in the analogue-to-digital converter are the voltage and the integrator gain g. Precautions are taken to ensure that, when the quantizer input passes the threshold voltage Vt, at the next clock the quantizer input will be in the region between +Vt and −Vt. Otherwise, the quantizer input would oscillate around +Vt and −Vt. This condition requires:
2.Vt>g.Vr (5)
The following values are used in the present example and are found to give a good compromise between accuracy, conversion time and power consumption:
g= 1/16; V q =V r/16; V t =V r/24 (7)
These values correspond to a resolution of 9 bits. The last bit of the ADC is obtained from the half valued step size Vq/2 used only at the last clock of the conversion cycle.
Referring now to FIG. 6, the operation of the circuit of FIG. 3 according to the algorithm of FIG. 5 is illustrated by a simulation, in which the output signal Y is represented by a proportional voltage such that at full scale Y equals Vr. This simulation represents the operation with the end of measurement cycle operations 18 and 19 disabled. From clock periods zero to 19, the input signal X is zero and the output signal Y fluctuates between plus and minus Vq. In clock period 20, the input signal X is increased to +0.2 volts. In clock period 21, the output signal Y is increased by an amount corresponding to Vr. In clock period 22, the integrator 6 increases the feedback signal F by the same amount Vr and the output Y from the accumulator 8 increases by a corresponding amount. The outputs F and Y of the integrator 6 and the accumulator 8 increase again by the same amount Vr in clock period 23. In clock period 24, the output Q of the subtractor 2 becomes less than the threshold value Vt and the output signal Y increases by the smaller amount Vq. The output signal Y and the feedback signal F continue to increase by small steps Vq until clock period 28, when the sign of the signal Q from the subtractor 2 changes from positive to negative and the output signal Y decreases by Vq instead of increasing. In this simulation, the output signal Y and feedback signal F subsequently oscillate about the value corresponding to the input signal X although, in practice, the measurement cycle would terminate in accordance with the algorithm shown in FIG. 5 with the operations 18 and 19.
The number of clock cycles as a function of the input signal level for a complete conversion is plotted in FIG. 7. It is seen that the minimum required clock Nck|min=2, the maximum clock Nck|max=28 and the average clock Nck|ave=14.28.
This means that the circuit power consumption depends also on the input signal level. Accordingly, in the preferred embodiment, the circuit is switched off at the end of each conversion process, so that the average circuit power consumption is effectively divided by two. The digital blocks are completely turned off but the analogue blocks are not, to avoid causing any recovery problem.
FIG. 8 shows in more detail a practical embodiment of the basic analogue to digital converter shown in FIG. 3. In this embodiment, the input signal X is first sampled and the feedback signal F is subsequently subtracted from it in successive clock periods using a switched-capacitor circuit with a common amplifier that performs the sampling, integration and subtraction operations.
The input signal X is applied to a terminal 20 that is connected to the left plate of a sampling capacitor Cs through a first initialising switch S1, the left plate of the capacitor Cs being connected to ground through a first sampling switch S2. The right plate of the sampling capacitor Cs is connected to ground through a second initialising switch S1 and to the negative input of an amplifier 21 through a second sampling switch S2, the positive input of the amplifier 21 being connected to ground. The output signal Q of the amplifier 21 is applied by a feedback loop to its negative input through an integrating capacitor Ci, in parallel with the reset switch 10. The output of the digital-to-analogue converter 5 is connected through a first integrating phase switch �1 to the right-hand plate of a feedback capacitor Cf, the right-hand plate of the capacitor Cf also being connected to ground through a second integrating phase switch �2. The left-hand plate of the capacitor Cf is connected to ground through another first integrating phase switch �1 and is connected to the negative terminal of the amplifier 21 through another second integrating phase switch �2.
The quantizer 7 comprises three comparators 22, 23 and 24 and a logic circuit 25. The positive input terminals of each of the comparators 22, 23 and the negative input terminal of the comparator 24 are connected to the output of the amplifier 21. The negative input terminal of the comparator 22 receives a voltage Vt, the negative input terminal of the comparator 23 is connected to ground and the positive input terminal of the comparator 24 receives a threshold voltage −Vt. The outputs of each of the comparators 22, 23 and 24 are connected to the logic circuit 25 that selects the digital value r, q or q/2 that is applied to increment the up down counter 8 with the appropriate positive or negative sign and also to select the corresponding output voltage Vr, Vq or Vq/2 of the digital-to-analogue converter 5.
In operation, the measurement cycle begins with the reset stage 11, in which the first initialising switch S1 and the second sampling switch S2 are open, while the second initialising switch S1 and the first sampling switch S2 are closed so as to short-circuit the sampling capacitor Cs to ground while it is isolated from the amplifier 21. The switch 10 is also closed to short-circuit the integrating capacitor Ci.
During the sampling phase 12, the initialising switches S1 are closed and the sampling switches S2 are opened during one or more initialising clock periods so as to charge the left-hand plate of the capacitor Cs to the voltage of the signal X with its right-hand plate grounded. In one or more subsequent clock periods, the initialising switches S1 are opened and the sampling switches S2 are closed so as to connect the left-hand plate of the capacitors Cs to ground and apply the voltage of the right-hand plate of the capacitor Cs to the negative input terminal of the amplifier 21. During this time, the circuit operates as a switched-capacitor amplifier with unity gain, so that the integrating capacitor Ci is charged to the voltage X. When the sampling is complete, the switches S1 and S2 are opened, to isolate the amplifier from the sampling capacitor Cs. The quantizer 7 registers the value of the output signal Q of the amplifier 21 relative to the threshold voltages plus and minus Vt and relative to ground, as a function of the outputs of the comparators 22, 23 and 24.
In the next clock period, the values of the increment plus or minus r, q or q/2 are applied to the counter 8 and the corresponding values plus or minus Vr, Vq or Vq/2 at the output of the digital-to-analogue converter 5 are selected and applied to the feedback loop.
During the feedback phases 13 to 19, the first feedback switches �1 are closed initially to charge the feedback capacitor Cf to the selected output voltage from the selected digital-to-analogue converter side and during the next clock period, the switches �1 are opened and the feedback switches �2 are closed to transfer the charge of the feedback capacitor Cf to the capacitor Ci through the negative input of the amplifier 21.
The gain of the integrator is given by the ratio of the feedback and integrating capacitances: g=Cf/Ci. It has been found that a value of 60 dB for the gain A of the amplifier 21 is sufficient to keep error due to integrator leakage below 0.2 LSB and a gain of 75 dB reduces the error to 0.04 LSB; accordingly, the circuit is not sensitive to the gain A of the amplifier 21.
Referring now to FIG. 9, in the preferred embodiment, suitable for implementation in an integrated circuit, the subtractor and integrator circuits 2 and 6 and the quantizer circuit 7 are full differential implementations, to reduce residual errors. In FIG. 9 similar references are used for similar components.
In the differential subtractor 2, the input signal X applied to the top half of the differential implementation is compared with a voltage Vref applied to the bottom half of the differential implementation. The control logic 25 produces a signal sign from the outputs of the comparators 22, 23 and 24 that indicates the sign of the output signal Q from the amplifier 21. The output of the digital-to-analogue converter 5 is applied to the positive or negative input to the amplifier 21 according to the value of the signal sign.
In order to compensate amplifier offset voltage, an offset compensation circuit 26 is inserted between the switches S2 and the inputs of the amplifier 21. FIG. 10 shows an offset compensation circuit in single-sided form for the amplifier 21 of FIG. 8; its adaptation to a fully differential implementation as in FIG. 9 will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The offset compensation components include a capacitor Cc inserted between the switch S2 and the negative input of the amplifier 21, a switch D connected between the left plate of the capacitor Cc and ground, a switch D connected in series between the left plate of the capacitor Ci and the negative input of the amplifier 21, and a switch D connected between the left plate of the capacitor Ci and the left plate of the capacitor Cc. In operation, the amplifier offset is sampled once at the beginning of each conversion cycle at the end of the reset stage 11. During the clock phase D, the switches D are closed and so is the switch 10; the switch D is open; the integrating capacitor Ci discharges and at the same time the compensation capacitor Cc charges to the amplifier input offset voltage. During the subsequent sampling phases and feedback phases, the virtual ground of the circuit will be the left-hand plate of the capacitor Cc, so that the offset voltage is corrected by the voltage across the capacitor Cc.
Referring again to FIG. 9, each of the comparators 22, 23 and 24 includes a respective preamplifier 22 a, 23 a, 24 a, performing the functions both of differential comparison and offset compensation for the comparators, and a respective capacitor Ccmp connected in series with each input of each of the preamplifiers 22 a, 23 a and 24 a. The positive input of the preamplifier of the comparator 22 is connected through the respective capacitor Ccmp to the integrator positive output of the amplifier 21 through a switch �1 and to the reference voltage Vref through a switch �2. The negative input of the preamplifier is connected through the respective capacitor Ccmp to the negative output of the integrator amplifier 21 through a switch �1 and to a voltage Vref−Vt through a switch �2. The comparator 24 is connected in the opposite way. The comparator 23 has its positive and negative inputs connected through the respective capacitors Ccmp to the positive and negative outputs respectively of the integrator amplifier 21 through switches �1 and to the reference voltage Vref through switches �2. Each output of each of the preamplifiers 22 a, 23 a and 24 a is connected to its corresponding input through a respective switch �1. In operation, during the clock phase �1 the preamplifier is configured as a voltage follower, so that the right plates of the capacitors Ccmp inserted in series with the preamplifier inputs are charged initially to the preamplifier input offset and the left plates are connected to the integrator outputs. On clock phase �2, the left plates of the compensation capacitors Ccmp are charged to the input voltages Vref., or Vref−Vt.
The digital-to-analogue converter 5 comprises a chain of unit resistors. The voltage Vr is applied to the series connection of 4 unit resistors 27, 2 unit resistors 28, 12 unit resistors 29, 3 unit resistors 30 and 3 unit resistors 31. A single unit resistor 32 is connected in parallel with the series combination of the unit resistors 27 and 28 and a unit resistor 33 is connected in parallel with the series combination of the unit resistors 30 and 31. The voltage Vref minus Vt is obtained from the junction between resistors 27 and 28. The voltage Vq is obtained from the junction between resistors 29 and 30 and the voltage Vq/2 is obtained from the junction of resistors 30 and 31. Since only the voltages Vq and Vq/2 are derived from the resistor string, the voltage Vr being derived directly from a reference voltage, inaccuracies in the values of the unit resistors in the string only affect the values of 1*LSB and 2*LSB used in the integrator. The result accordingly has low sensitivity to the inaccuracies of the unit resistors.
The analogue-to-digital converter shown in the drawings represents a good trade-off between speed, accuracy and power consumption. Furthermore, special design techniques allows for a reduced sensitivity to analogue circuitry. The proposed architecture is especially useful for low-power medium-speed and medium-resolution applications. is faster than a sigma-delta converter. Compared with a cyclic converter, the converter shown in the drawings needs only one operational amplifier instead of two, and two large capacitors instead of seven; while it uses more comparators, they occupy relatively little semiconductor area and the clock generation is substantially simpler. The converter shown in the drawings has satisfactory accuracy.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS5144308 *May 21, 1991Sep 1, 1992At&T Bell LaboratoriesIdle channel tone and periodic noise suppression for sigma-delta modulators using high-level ditherUS5550544Feb 23, 1994Aug 27, 1996Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Signal converter, noise shaper, AD converter and DA converterUS6184812 *Dec 14, 1998Feb 6, 2001Qualcomm IncorporatedMethod and apparatus for eliminating clock jitter in continuous-time Delta-Sigma analog-to-digital convertersUS6271782 *Apr 3, 2000Aug 7, 2001Jesper Steensgaard-MadsenDelta-sigma A/D converterUS6525682 *May 3, 2001Feb 25, 2003Hrl Laboratories, LlcPhotonic parallel analog-to-digital converterUS6556158 *Mar 5, 2001Apr 29, 2003Esion, LlcResidue-compensating A/D converterUS6734818 *Feb 22, 2001May 11, 2004The Regents Of The University Of CaliforniaDigital cancellation of D/A converter noise in pipelined A/D converters* Cited by examinerNon-Patent CitationsReference1Gregorian et al., "A Continuosly Variable Slope Adaptive Delta Modulation Codec System," IEEE, pp. 692-700 (1983), no month.2Yufera et al., "S<SUP>2</SUP>I First-Order Incremental A/D Converter," IEEE Proc.-Circuits Devices Syst., vol. 145, No. 2, Apr. 1998, pp. 78-84.Referenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS7164375 *Jun 21, 2005Jan 16, 2007Rohm Co., Ltd.Analog to digital converter using both analog and digital offset voltages as feedbackUS7176818 *Jul 6, 2005Feb 13, 2007Stmicroelectronics S.R.L.Analog to digital converter, related method and use in voltage regulator circuitsUS7479910 *Sep 26, 2007Jan 20, 2009Medtronic, Inc.Capacitive digital-to-analog converter reset in an implantable medical device analog-to-digital converterUS7623053Sep 26, 2007Nov 24, 2009Medtronic, Inc.Implantable medical device with low power delta-sigma analog-to-digital converterUS7714757Sep 26, 2007May 11, 2010Medtronic, Inc.Chopper-stabilized analog-to-digital converterUS7876251Oct 6, 2009Jan 25, 2011Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc.System for processing patient monitoring signalsUS20130271303 *Oct 25, 2011Oct 17, 2013Francesco RizzoAnalog to Digital Conversion* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification341/143, 341/138International ClassificationH03M3/00, H03M3/02, H03M1/82Cooperative ClassificationH03M3/02European ClassificationH03M3/02Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionNov 6, 2013ASAssignmentEffective date: 20131101Owner name: CITIBANK, N.A., AS NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT, NEW YORFree format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.;REEL/FRAME:031591/0266Jun 18, 2013ASAssignmentOwner name: CITIBANK, N.A., AS NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT, NEW YORFree format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.;REEL/FRAME:030633/0424Effective date: 20130521Mar 14, 2013FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8May 13, 2010ASAssignmentOwner name: CITIBANK, N.A., AS COLLATERAL AGENT,NEW YORKFree format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.;US-ASSIGNMENT DATABASE UPDATED:20100521;REEL/FRAME:24397/1Effective date: 20100413Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.;US-ASSIGNMENT DATABASE UPDATED:20100518;REEL/FRAME:24397/1Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.;US-ASSIGNMENT DATABASE UPDATED:20100525;REEL/FRAME:24397/1Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.;REEL/FRAME:24397/1Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.;REEL/FRAME:024397/0001Owner name: CITIBANK, N.A., AS COLLATERAL AGENT, NEW YORKJun 22, 2009FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Feb 2, 2007ASAssignmentOwner name: CITIBANK, N.A. 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Punjab asks teachers to check smuggling of Teacher’s, withdraws orders hours later - chandigarh - Hindustan Times
Home / Chandigarh / Punjab asks teachers to check smuggling of Teacher’s, withdraws orders hours later
Punjab asks teachers to check smuggling of Teacher’s, withdraws orders hours later
HIGH AND DRY Gurdaspur district administration deputes 24 teachers at four distilleries to keep a tab on liquor supply only to revoke its decision amid outrage
chandigarh Updated: May 21, 2020 16:53 IST
Vishal Rambani and Harmandeep Singh
The Gurdaspur deputy commissioner’s office has posted teachers outside four distilleries owned by prominent liquor barons.(Representative Image )
Desperate times call for desperate measures. The Punjab government, which has been rattled by recurring incidents of liquor smuggling and losses in excise collection, deputed school teachers at distilleries to keep a check on the supply. Hours later, it withdrew the orders after media reports sparked an outrage.
It all began when the Gurdaspur district administration on Wednesday asked 24 teachers to keep an eye on smuggling of popular brands such as Rass Bhari, Rano Sofi, Asli Mota Santra and Punjab King.
The Gurdaspur deputy commissioner’s office posted the teachers outside four distilleries owned by prominent liquor barons.
The orders were issued by the assistant commissioner (general) Raman Kochar, on behalf of deputy commissioner Mohammad Ishfaq.
But the district administration revoked its decision on Thursday afternoon after facing flak for the decision. Kochar, in his order on behalf of the DC, said, “Teachers’ duties at liquor factories have been cancelled with immediate effect.”
With schools closed in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic, teachers are already stretched thin with conducting online classes, distributing mid-day meals, books, facilitating online admissions, screening migrant labourers at bus stops and railway stations and checking at inter-state borders.
WAS SAFEGUARDING REVENUE: DC
The earlier order said that in view of the Covid-19 crisis, teachers have been deployed at liquor factories as executive magistrates and will submit their report to the Batala tehsildar daily.
“In case of negligence, a first information report (FIR) under Section 188 (disobeying a public servant’s order) of the Indian Penal Code will be registered against them,” the order had said.
Backing the earlier decision, Ishfaq said, “There’s nothing wrong in using the services of teachers. We deployed teachers at liquor factories to utilise manpower. The state government has declared each government employee an executive magistrate.”
“The decision was taken to curb liquor smuggling. We are only trying to safeguard the government’s revenue,” said Ishfaq, a lateral entry Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer who was formerly an engineer in public health and has no experience in civil administration.
ORDER RAISES EYEBROWS
Meanwhile, the deputy commissioner of another district in Punjab, requesting anonymity, said, “There is no way I would allow this in my district. It is not for teachers to keep an eye on the supply of alcohol.”
Democratic Teachers’ Front (DTF) president Davinder Singh Punia said, “This is against the dignity of teachers. We demanded the immediate revocation of this order and strict action against officials who assigned these duties. Has the Punjab government fallen on such hard times that they are using teachers to check liquor smuggling?”
When contacted, state education minister Vijay Inder Singla said, “The deputy commissioner has taken this decision at his own level. I have told the secretary to speak to him.”
https://www.hindustantimes.com/chandigarh/now-punjab-teachers-to-check-smuggling-of-teacher-s/story-eLSz59xvoUTizmFTnUa7eO.html

type: global

value: This website is an Indian English-language daily newspaper introduced and founded in 1924 by Sunder Singh Lyallpuri, founder-father of the Akali movement and the Shiromani Akali Dal in the Punjab Province. It played integral roles in the Indian independence movement as a nationalist daily.


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John Flanagan, G.O.P. State Senate Leader, Seeks Treatment for Alcohol Abuse - The New York Times
New York|John Flanagan, G.O.P. State Senate Leader, Seeks Treatment for Alcohol Abuse
John Flanagan, G.O.P. State Senate Leader, Seeks Treatment for Alcohol Abuse
Senator John Flanagan announced on Friday that he had entered treatment for alcohol dependency, the second time in two years.Credit...Nathaniel Brooks for The New York Times
State Senator John J. Flanagan, who until this year led the Republican majority of the state’s upper legislative chamber, will miss the beginning of this year’s session in Albany in order to complete an alcohol rehabilitation program, he announced on Friday.
Mr. Flanagan, who assumed the leadership of the chamber in 2015, had first sought treatment for alcohol dependency in 2017. In a statement on Friday, he said that he had recently recognized he needed to seek additional help and would miss the start of session, which begins on Wednesday, as a result of a “thorough rehabilitation and recovery program.”
“No man or woman is perfect, but it does not mean we all shouldn’t strive for continuous and daily improvement. I will attempt to do that with every fiber in my body,” Mr. Flanagan, who represents central Long Island, said in the statement. “This brief period of time away is necessary for my overall well-being, but will in no way impact my ability to serve my conference or my constituents.”
The Republicans decisively lost their slim majority in the Senate in November’s election, and with it their last toehold of power in state government. They will now enter the session in their weakest position in a decade, and without their leader. Senator Joseph A. Griffo, who represents Lewis and Oneida Counties upstate, will oversee the Republican conference until Mr. Flanagan, 57, returns.
Mr. Flanagan’s announcement capped a tumultuous lead-up to the session, as the Republicans had grappled with the loss of more than half a dozen seats, including in a few surprise races. After the election, Senator Catherine Young, of Western New York, mounted a challenge to Mr. Flanagan for the position of minority leader, citing what she called the conference’s “devastating” losses.
Mr. Flanagan survived with 14 votes to Ms. Young’s nine. Some had also called for the chairman of the state Republican Party, Edward F. Cox, to resign.
Mr. Flanagan’s ascent to the top post in the Senate — a position that allowed him to negotiate with Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo and Assembly Speaker Carl E. Heastie as one of Albany’s infamous “three men in a room” — was no less turbulent. He succeeded former Senator Dean G. Skelos, who was arrested on corruption charges in 2015 and later convicted.
Scott Reif, a spokesman for Mr. Flanagan, said Mr. Flanagan had been in treatment since before Christmas and that he expected to be back the week of Jan. 21.
Other legislators shared sympathy and messages of support after the news. Ms. Young commended Mr. Flanagan’s bravery, and Senator Andrea Stewart-Cousins, the leader of the Senate Democrats, who replaced Mr. Flanagan as majority leader, said in a statement that she considered him a friend, and that she respected his candor and awareness of his health.
In his statement, Mr. Flanagan invoked his more than three decades in Albany. He was first elected to the Assembly in 1986, to fill a seat held by his father, who had died in office; he joined the Senate in 2002.
“It’s been the honor and privilege of a lifetime, and one that I will never take for granted,” he said.

value: This website is an American daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership. Founded in 1851, the Times has since won 132 Pulitzer Prizes, the most of any newspaper, and has long been regarded within the industry as a national "newspaper of record".


text:
Celebrate Diwali by Carol Plum-Ucci, Hardcover | Barnes & Noble®
Celebrate Diwali by Carol Plum-Ucci
Known as the "Holiday of Lights," Diwali is often considered the most important festival to people of the Hindu faith. Temples, homes, and businesses burn brightly with lights and candles during the five-day celebration. People wear colorful new clothes, prepare tasty dishes, and usher in the Hindu New Year with music, gifts, and happy hearts. Join author Carol Plum-Ucci and learn about the myths and rich history behind Diwali, the symbols of the holiday, and how it is celebrated today.
9780766027787
Celebrate Holidays Series
6.82(w) x 9.25(h) x 0.45(d)
Gr 4-7 These titles, each of which includes a craft and numerous full-color, full-page illustrations, discuss the Muslim observance of Ramadan and the Hindu holiday of Diwali. Both books are far longer and more detailed than anything else in print for children on this subject. Unfortunately, this does not make them outstanding in any way. Both omit key terms from their glossaries, and there are no pronunciation guides. They contain unclear statements (for example, "About 65 percent of the population [of South Africa] is Hindu"); inconsistencies (including the use of both "CE" and "AD" with reference to time); and mistakes (in Ramadan , Isaac is named as the son that Abraham was commanded to sacrifice, whereas Muslims believe that it was Ishmael); and footnoting is often inaccurate. The maps are sloppily drawn and incomplete. The writing in Ramadan is choppy and has surprisingly little depth considering its length. Also, the final chapter and large portions of two others focus on Islamic extremism and the religion's connection with politics and terrorism, which, while interesting, is hardly relevant to the series. Diwali is wordy and repetitious, and much of the material is no more than filler. Plum-Ucci insultingly calls Sikhs "a group of Hindu worshipers" instead of acknowledging them as having their own religion. (Jains also observe Diwali, a fact she omits.)-Ann W. Moore, Schenectady County Public Library, NY

value: This website is an American bookseller. It is a Fortune 1000 company and the bookseller with the largest number of retail outlets in the United States.


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1987–88 New York Knicks season - Wikipedia
1987–88 New York Knicks season
(Eliminated 1–3)
MSG Network, WWOR, EMI
The 1987–88 New York Knicks season was the 42nd season for the team in the National Basketball Association (NBA). The Knicks finished the regular season with a 38–44 record, and qualified for the 1988 NBA Playoffs. In the first round of the playoffs, New York lost a best-of-five series to the Boston Celtics, 3–1.[1] Following the season, Bill Cartwright was traded to the Chicago Bulls.[2]
Note: This is not an extensive list; it only covers the first round and notable post-first-round picks.[3]
1959–10–27
1957–07–30
1956–07–11
1965–06–30
1962–08–05
1961–01–04
1965–04–01
McNealy, Chris
1961–07–15
1963–11–28
1959–12–20
1964–08–18
1963–09–11
(1) Boston Celtics vs. (8) New York Knicks: Celtics win series 3–1
Game 1 @ Boston Garden, Boston (April 29): Boston 112, New York 92
Game 2 @ Boston Garden, Boston (May 1): Boston 128, New York 102
Game 3 @ Madison Square Garden, New York City (May 4): New York 109, Boston 100
Game 4 @ Madison Square Garden, New York City (May 6): Boston 102, New York 94
Last Playoff Meeting: 1984 Eastern Conference Semifinals (Boston won 4–3)
Mark Jackson, NBA Rookie of the Year Award[4]
Patrick Ewing, All-NBA Second Team[5]
Patrick Ewing, NBA All-Defensive Second Team[6]
Mark Jackson, NBA All-Rookie Team 1st Team[7]
^ "1987–88 New York Knickerbockers Roster and Statistics". Basketball-Reference. Retrieved January 24, 2010. ^ Sakamoto, Bob (June 28, 1988). "Bulls Deal Oakley To Knicks For Cartwright". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved August 2, 2016. ^ "1987 NBA Draft". Basketball-Reference. Retrieved April 13, 2013. ^ "NBA & ABA Rookie of the Year Award Winners". Basketball-Reference. Retrieved October 13, 2013. ^ "All-NBA & All-ABA Teams". Basketball-Reference. Retrieved October 13, 2013. ^ "NBA & ABA All-Defensive Teams". Basketball-Reference. Retrieved October 13, 2013. ^ "NBA & ABA All-Rookie Teams". Basketball-Reference. Retrieved October 13, 2013. v
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1987–88_New_York_Knicks_season&oldid=738711160"	Categories: New York Knicks seasonsHidden categories: Articles to be expanded from February 2013All articles to be expandedArticles with empty sections from February 2013All articles with empty sectionsArticles using small message boxes	Navigation menu
Italiano	Edit links	This page was last modified on 10 September 2016, at 16:20.

value: This website is the English-language edition of the free online encyclopedia Wikipedia. It was founded on 15 January 2001 as Wikipedia's first edition and, as of October 2021, has the most articles of any edition, at 6,412,521.


text: _.Kj.prototype.Ae=function(){var a=new gj;this.H=a;var b=_.Rh.Cb();b.kb=!0;this.R();b.Pa=a;_.mfa(b);a.Za=b;b=_.Of("Im6cmf").Na()+"/jserror";$ha(b);b=_.Zd(_.Of("cfb2h").Na());kj.buildLabel=b;if(Jj)for(var b=Jj.H,c=0;c<_.Ij.length;c++)b.push(_.Ij[c]);var b=window,d,c=new Ifa,e=b||window,f=e.document.documentElement,g=new Wfa(f);a:{for(var l=0;lRest in peace, Robin Gibb. The Bee Gees co-founder died on May 20 at the age ...Press question mark to see available shortcut keysHomeCollectionsJoin Google+Send FeedbackHelpRegionPrivacy Policy - Terms of Service - Maps Terms©2017 GoogleSearchSign inTIMEPublicMay 21, 2012Rest in peace, Robin Gibb. The Bee Gees co-founder died on May 20 at the age of 62 from cancer and intestinal problems.Weigh in, G+: What was your favorite Bee Gees song?Robin Gibb, Bee Gees Co-Founder, Dies at 62 | Entertainment | TIME.comti.me 76 plus ones 76 38 comments 38 12 shares 12 Shared publicly•View activityView 32 previous commentsGato Hsu+1R.I.P.May 21, 2012TON LI+1EmotionMay 22, 2012Kieran Patel+1R.I.P. ROBIN GIBBMay 22, 2012Nellie K. AdabaStayin' Alive!May 22, 2012Serena Hewitt+1Me,too! Stayin Alive.May 22, 2012NOW Marketing Group, Inc+1Ha - Ha - Ha - Ha - Stayin' Alive, Stayin' Alive!May 22, 2012

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value: This website is an American website, online community and software for architecture; interior design and decorating; landscape design and home improvement. It was founded in 2009 and is based in Palo Alto, California.


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Thibaut Léger - Semantic Scholar
Vincenzo Mazzaferro10
Richard M. Caprioli10
Peter S N Rowe6
Julie Le Faouder6
6Yasemin Ucal
6Elif Kadioglu
6Aysel Ozpinar
6Ahmet Tarık Baykal
Tumoral heterogeneity of hepatic cholangiocarcinomas revealed by MALDI imaging mass spectrometry.
Julie Le Faouder, Samira Laouirem, +5 authors Valérie Paradis
Cholangiocarcinoma (CC) is the second most common primary malignancy of the liver. Although all CC derive from biliary epithelial cells, two main subtypes, hilar (H), and peripheral (P) CC are… (More)
Samira Laouirem, Julie Le Faouder, +7 authors Pierre Bedossa
Cirrhosis is a lesion at risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Identifying mechanisms associated with the transition from cirrhosis to HCC and characterizing biomarkers of cirrhosis at high risk of… (More)
Solid-phase hexapeptide ligand libraries open up new perspectives in the discovery of biomarkers in human plasma.
Thibaut Léger, Damien Lavigne, +6 authors Olivier Meilhac
BACKGROUND Pre-treatment of plasma with hexapeptide ligand libraries prior to proteomic analysis is well documented. However, the maintenance of biomarker abundance throughout the different… (More)
Salivary proteome modifications associated with periodontitis in obese patients.
Hélène Rangé, Thibaut Léger, +6 authors Catherine C. Chaussain
AIM To identify changes in the salivary protein/peptide profiles by differential proteomics in obese patients with or without periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Periodontal examinations and whole… (More)
Nicolas Poté, Theodore Alexandrov, +7 authors Valérie Paradis
UNLABELLED Microvascular invasion (MiVI) is a major risk factor in postoperative tumor recurrence and mortality in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Unfortunately, this histological feature is usually… (More)

value: This website is an artificial-intelligence backed search engine for academic publications developed at the Allen Institute for AI and publicly released in November 2015. It uses advances in natural language processing to provide summaries for scholarly papers.


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Jimmy John's - Guilderland, NY | Groupon
+15184645616
Dressing up the traditional sandwich, Jimmy John's is a go-to lunch spot in Guilderland district.
Driving to the restaurant is easy as pie, and parking surrounds the area. Bike parking is quick and easy at Jimmy John's.
Lost on where to eat for cheap? Look no further than Jimmy John's, a local hotspot with affordable prices. A well-made sandwich works for breakfast, lunch, or dinner. So, during any time of the day, you can make your way over to Jimmy John's.

value: This website is an American global e-commerce marketplace connecting subscribers with local merchants by offering activities, travel, goods and services in 15 countries. Based in Chicago, Groupon was launched there in November 2008, launching soon after in Boston, New York City and Toronto.


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Army-Navy Preview: Running The Race - Army West Point - Scout
Army-Navy Preview: Running The RaceMatt Zemek12/03/2011If there's an apt image for the Army Black Knights to use in the 112th Army-Navy Game on Dec. 10 in Landover, Maryland, it is the image of the long-distance runner. If the boys from West Point have learned anything about their season, they need to realize that their battle is not just against Navy, but against their own mental stamina. Long-distance running, as any marathoner or 10,000-meter runner could tell you, is very much a psychological challenge, especially when done competitively. The test of the physical body is naturally profound, but it's the test of the mind in conjunction with the body which makes long-distance running such a fascinating case study of the human body as a complete machine. In the Olympics and other world-class competitions, the difference between the medal stand and a ninth-place finish is partly psychological. Sure, the fitness and nutrition plans play a considerable part in developing the elite runner, but the ability to have an extra supply of juice in the tank – an extra level of freshness in the kick and steadiness in the running stride when 85 percent of a long race has already been run – is very much tied to mental strength. The runner with particularly copious quantities of belief and focus, of resolve and total mind-body synchronicity, is the runner who prevails in a long, grueling event.
In this thematic focus on long-distance runners, one is particularly reminded of the 2004 Olympic men's marathon bronze medalist, Vanderlei de Lima of Brazil, who shows the members of the Army football team what it's like to endure profound and ringing disappointment yet still bathe himself in glory. De Lima was dominating the 2004 Olympic men's marathon in Athens, Greece. The (then-) 35-year-old had established his tempo and showed no alarming signs of discomfort. Given his age, de Lima could not count on another Olympics, but what was even more special about his possible triumph – as he began mile 23 of the 26.2-mile journey to the finish line – was that he would win the marathon in the very place where the marathon AND THE OLYMPICS were born. To win the Olympic marathon in any year is a crowning life accomplishment of the highest order. To do so in Athens, Greece, in the shadows of such rich and permanent history, offers a million times more doses of sporting immortality. It's hard to even wrap the mind around the enormity of what this well-worn Brazilian veteran was about to accomplish. Then, absurdity smacked him in the face and punched him in the gut… not literally, but almost.
A madman (without a knife or gun, blessedly) who turned out to be a defrocked Irish priest (in Greece – what were the odds?!) ran from the curbside and onto the road, physically stopping de Lima's progress. A few men quickly jumped on the man and pulled him off de Lima's back, but the damage had been done in terms of the race. De Lima lost 15 seconds in the short term, but he lost his runner's momentum and rhythm while also experiencing a complete interruption to his mind's ability to focus. The advantage de Lima had created to that point in the marathon was not substantial enough to withstand an event with such jarring dimensions and disruptive properties. De Lima's glory – entering fabled Panathinaiko Stadium and its marble columns as the soon-to-be Olympic marathon champion in its Greek home – was taken away from him not by the competitive merits of his fellow runners, but by an act of lunacy on the part of a spectator. De Lima could have shut down. He could have dissolved into bitterness on the race course over the final three miles. He could have turned bitter and faded into obscurity. Moreover, no one would have blamed him for any of it.
Instead, de Lima retained enough focus and concentration to finish third and get on the medal stand, for one thing. Secondly, when he entered Panathinaiko Stadium – when the world was waiting to see how he would handle the bitter disappointment of not being the champion in a race he had largely controlled – de Lima not only smiled, but engaged in a post-soccer-goal plane-flying motion, extending his arms and swerving from side to side. Vanderlei de Lima had every right to curl up in a fetal position and lament his fate (he was not awarded a gold medal upon appeal to the International Olympic Committee), but he instead embraced the fullness of the event and made the statement that "I'm here to finish this race and relish the moment to the very end, no matter what." In so doing, de Lima earned himself a piece of Olympic immortality – it was not the kind he was initially hoping for when he began the twenty-third mile of the marathon, but it was a positive way in which to be remembered.
Very simply, then, as the Army football team prepares to play Navy on Dec. 10, the moral of de Lima's story is obvious: Run the race. Keep the faith. Finish the job.
For most of the 2011 season but especially in their other service academy (Commander-In-Chief's Trophy) game against Air Force, the Black Knights have fallen short in the final 20 minutes. This team fought really hard in September but has had a terrible time finishing games ever since. Miami of Ohio, Vanderbilt and Rutgers are all examples of a lack of endurance and stamina, but it's the Air Force game which provides the best parallel with this upcoming clash against the archrival from Annapolis. You will recall that Army dismantled Air Force in the first half of that game in Colorado Springs. You will recall that Army should have gained a 21-0 lead when a fourth-down quarterback sneak by Max Jenkins clearly broke the plane of the goal line – you couldn't see the ball, but you could see Jenkins' upper thighs over the goal line, with his waist a foot into the end zone and his helmet at least two feet into the end zone. It was impossible for the ball to NOT break the plane of the goal line unless a fumble had occurred, and there was no fumble on the play. The pile surged into the end zone before it got pushed back, and the clueless officials – dozing on the play – made no attempt to offer a ruling all the while. Forward progress was ignored, and the replay booth amazingly failed to reverse the on-field ruling of "no touchdown." Army received the Vanderlei de Lima treatment on that play, and for a moment, it looked as though the Black Knights were going to respond with a champion's composure. On Army's very next drive – in a game the Black Knights still led by a 14-0 score – running back Scott Williams was dashing to the end zone for a 21-0 stranglehold against a body-snatched Air Force team that did not enjoy one of its better seasons in 2011. However, Williams didn't wrap up the ball securely, and as a result, Air Force's Josh Hall was able to punch the ball out at the 1. The ball flew through and out of the end zone for a touchback, and Army entered the locker room with the smallest and most frail 14-point lead a team could possibly have. In the second half, the Black Knights – rocked by not just the blown call, but the untimely fumble – could not do what Vanderlei de Lima did. They lost their focus and poise. They buckled under the weight of the moment and the realization of what had happened. Yes, the touchdown the officials took away from them was out of their control, but the Brave Old Army Team had more chances to put Air Force away. It couldn't, and the second half turned into a slow-motion unraveling for coach Rich Ellerson's charges. You know what the past nine Army-Navy Game narratives have been. You know that the Midshipmen always have more of the fourth-quarter finishing kick and more third-quarter playmaking mojo. You know that coach Ken Niumatalolo's lads rise up in man-making motivational moments, conquering the crucible of crunch time with decisiveness and determination.
Army can't – and shouldn't – talk about the need to do better. It must simply perform the way it must in order to break this long losing skid and give a senior class a win over the Midshipmen. The military is supposed to teach young men how to handle adversity and difficult situations; a football game isn't life or death, making it blessedly safe space, but the point does remain that over the past nine years, Army has become smaller against Navy when gameday pressure has increased. It's time for the Black Knights to find kinship with Vanderlei de Lima and Saint Paul as well.
It's time for a team to fight the fight, to run the race, to keep the faith… for 60 minutes, and not one second less.
Share on Facebook Share on TwitterTrending on ScoutUCLA Drops Heartbreaker to StanfordFirst Report: Heels Rally for 37-36 VictoryRapid Reaction: LSU at AuburnHead to Head: Army at BuffaloNebraska beats Northwestern, 24-13Head to Head: Army at UTEP Full StoryArmySports.com Top StoriesHead to Head: Army at BuffaloAfter a long trip southwest to take on UTEP, this road game is a much easier travel destination for a Black Knights team looking to continue it's unexpectedly perfect start to the…by Steve WrightArmySports.comFriday at 10:29 AMThree Keys: Army at BuffaloIt has been a stunning start to the season for Army who, after just three games, have already surpassed their win total for the entire 2015 season. This Buffalo game is another one…by Steve WrightArmySports.comThursday at 1:07 PMBuffalo: First LookMoving to 4-0 for the first time since 1996 will not be easy, but if the Black Knights can get the option rolling in the same way that allowed them to score 66 points at UTEP then…by Steve WrightArmySports.comWednesday at 3:01 PMArmy Report Card: UTEPIt was the most dominant performance we have seen from the Black Knights in many years and the excitement and buzz around this team is palpable at this point. Here is a look at how…by Steve WrightArmySports.comTuesday at 2:43 PMHighlights: Army 66, UTEP 14The Army Black Knights are off to their hottest start in years. On Saturday West Point blasted UTEP 66-14. Look inside for video highlights of the game.by ArmySports.com StaffArmySports.comMonday at 9:53 AMThe Army path to healing: Route 66Route 66, or Rout 66? Army did indeed rout UTEP on Saturday, but this game is better viewed as a route through the Western United States.by Matt ZemekArmySports.comMonday at 7:51 AMArmy gets votes in pollThe Army Black Knights are off to a strong start at 3-0. College football coaches are taking notice of this fact as Army received votes in this week's Coaches Top 25 poll. by StaffScout09/18/2016Army blasts UTEP, 66-14The Army Black Knights earned their third straight victory with a lopsided 66-14 road blowout of UTEP. The Black Knights piled up 598 yards as Andy Davidson ran for 106 yards and…by ArmySports.com StaffArmySports.com09/17/2016Head to Head: Army at UTEPThe Army Black Knights (2-0) will meet the UTEP Miners (1-1) at Sun Bowl stadium in El Paso this Saturday. It is a long trip to the desert southwest for the Black Knights, with…by Steve WrightArmySports.com09/16/2016Three Keys: Army at UTEPThe Army Black knights (2-0) are back on the road this Saturday as they travel to Southwest Texas to take on the Miners of UTEP. Fort Bliss is in the Miners backyard and as a…by Steve WrightArmySports.com09/15/2016Three Keys Revisited: Army at UTEPThe Army Black Knights (3-0) routed the UTEP Miners (1-2) 66-14 in front of over 35,000 people at the Sun Bowl in El Paso on Saturday evening.by Steve WrightArmySports.comMonday at 12:36 PMUTEP: First LookThe Army Black Knights (2-0) dealt with Rice, suffering no let down after their big opening day victory over Temple. Next up for the Black Knights is a trip way down south (and…by Steve WrightArmySports.com09/14/2016Load More

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5x 2000V 0.5A FAST RECOVERY DIODE 2KV Rectifier High Voltage FR05-20 - AUS STOCK | eBay
Details about 5x 2000V 0.5A FAST RECOVERY DIODE 2KV Rectifier High Voltage FR05-20 - AUS STOCK
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Last updated on 10 Jul, 2018 16:09:56 AEST View all revisions
MPN: fr-5-20-t UPC: Does not apply

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Book Metropark Hotel Mongkok in Kowloon | Hotels.com
Premier Room - Guest Room [2/43]
Premier Room - Guest Room [3/43]
Family Quadruple Room - Guest Room [4/43]
Family Quadruple Room - Guest Room [5/43]
Suite (Twin Room - Free Extra Bed & 2 BF) - Guest Room [27/43]
Premier Room - Guest Room [28/43]
Premier Room - Guest Room [29/43]
Superior Room - Bathroom Shower [31/43]
Standard Room - Bathroom [32/43]
Standard Room - In-Room Safe [41/43]
1 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon
2 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Premier Room, Guest Room
3 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Premier Room, Guest Room
5 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Family Quadruple Room, Guest Room
6 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Superior Room, Guest Room
7 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Standard Room, Bathroom
8 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Premier Room, Bathroom
9 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Exterior
10 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Exterior detail
14 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Buffet
15 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Breakfast Area
17 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Lobby
18 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Reception
23 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Hotel Interior
25 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Banquet Hall
26 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Superior Room, Guest Room
27 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Suite (Twin Room - Free Extra Bed & 2 BF), Guest Room
28 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Premier Room, Guest Room
29 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Premier Room, Guest Room
31 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Superior Room, Bathroom Shower
32 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Standard Room, Bathroom
34 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Exterior
35 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Hotel Entrance
39 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Standard Room, Guest Room
40 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Standard Room, Guest Room
41 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Standard Room, In-Room Safe
42 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Hotel Entrance
43 - Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon, Restaurant
Nathan Road Shopping District - 40 min walk
Hong Kong Coliseum - 43 min walk
International Commerce Centre - 45 min walk
Sky 100 - 45 min walk
Yuen Po Bird Market - 9 min walk
About Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon
Kowloon hotel and restaurant, near Nathan Road
Near MTR subway station
Metropark Hotel Mongkok puts you 2 blocks from Prince Edward Mass Transit Railway Station. There's rail line access at Mongkok KCR Train Station, a 4-minute taxi ride from the hotel, and you can explore the many shops and restaurants of the Nathan Road area.
Themed market shopping
The Mongkok area is known for themed markets, with many to explore within a 10-minute walk of the hotel. Shoppers can find accessories and clothing at the Ladies Market, sporting goods on Fa Yuen Street, and lucky plants at the Flower Market.
Buffet, bar, pastries
Places to eat range from a daily breakfast buffet available for surcharge at Café Concourse, to pastries at the hotel cake shop. You can stop by Cheers Bar for an evening drink and free Internet, or ask the 24-hour front desk about hot spots and nightlife options in the area.
Free WiFi, in-room safe
The 430 newly renovated guestrooms are individually decorated, and all have WiFi plus TVs tuned to satellite channels, plus a desk where you can sit comfortably to get some last-minute work done. You can store valuables in the safe while you're out sightseeing, then come home to the comforts of slippers and enjoy a warm beverage thanks to the coffee/tea maker.
Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon’s small print
Buffet breakfast is offered for an extra charge of HKD 121 per person (approximately)
What’s around Metropark Hotel Mongkok, Kowloon
Hong Kong Sham Shui Po Station - 14 min walk
John KT, us3 night trip
The best 3 stars hotel yet
Perfect stay, as always. The best 3 stars hotel ever! (Pls improve breakfast options, I'm sure some kinds of Western cheese, sausage or fish could enrich the value). Perfect location!
Overall the hotel was not bad but it needs to improve the cleanliness in the bathroom. During shower, a 3 inches centipede craw out from nowhere that scared me out .
Bertram, us7 night romance trip

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ABEST Communication Corp.: CEO and Executives - Bloomberg
June 19, 2018 3:15 AM ET
Company Overview of ABEST Communication Corp.
Key Executives for ABEST Communication Corp.
Jerry Shiao No Relationships Chief Executive Officer --
James Chuang No Relationships Chief Financial Officer --
ABEST Communication Corp. Board Members*
Daniel Roling 8 Relationships iCareAsia Limited 47
ABEST Communication Corp. Executive Committees*
ABEST Communication Corp. CEO Compensation
Punjab Communications Limited Appoints Sh. J.S. Bhatia as Additional Director
xG Technology, Inc. Announces Changes in Audit Committee
Digi International Announces Executive Changes, Effective June 18, 2018
June 14, 2018 8:07 PM ET
ARRIS Announces Executive Changes
June 14, 2018 4:55 PM ET
Quarterhill Inc. Announces the Retirement of Jim Skippen as Executive Chairman
To contact ABEST Communication Corp., please visit . Company data is provided by S&P Global Market Intelligence. Please use this form to report any data issues.

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1 Room Expedia.com • Hotels • Europe • France • Lyon Hotels • Hôtel Berlioz, Lyon
Self parking, a 24-hour front desk, and free newspapers are available at this smoke-free hotel. WiFi in public areas is free. Additionally, multilingual staff, a TV in the lobby, and a front-desk safe are onsite. Room Amenities
All 43 rooms offer free WiFi, room service, and flat-screen TVs with satellite channels. Free weekday newspapers, hair dryers, and free toiletries are among the other amenities that guests will find. Information missing or incorrect? Tell us! Select to view moreAbout the Hotel
Hôtel Berlioz features multilingual staff, complimentary newspapers in the lobby, and room service (during limited hours). Public areas are equipped with complimentary high-speed wireless Internet access. This Lyon hotel also offers a safe deposit box at the front desk, a television in the lobby, and an elevator (lift). Limited onsite parking is available on a first-come, first-served basis (surcharge). Hôtel Berlioz is a smoke-free property. 24-hour front desk Breakfast available (surcharge) Free newspapers in lobby Elevator/lift Free WiFi Luggage storage Multilingual staff Number of buildings/towers - 1 Number of floors - 5 Parking (limited spaces) Safe-deposit box at front desk Self parking (surcharge) Smoke-free property Television in common areas Total number of rooms - 43 Show all hotel amenities Internet
Air conditioning Bathtub or shower Free toiletries Free weekday newspaper Cribs/infant beds (surcharge) Daily housekeeping Flat-panel TV Free WiFi Hair dryer Iron/ironing board (on request) Private bathroom Room service (limited hours) Satellite TV service Show all room amenities Where to Eat
The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check-in, or check-out. Fee for buffet breakfast: EUR 9 for adults and EUR 5 for children (approximately) Self parking fee: EUR 15 per night A pet fee will be charged The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change.
Berlioz LyonH⌠tel BerliozH⌠tel Berlioz LyonBerlioz Hotel Lyon

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GracysHandmadeGifts on Etsy
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ericheater on Dec 8, 2013
Gracy was fun and professional to work with. I requested an item she already had made and she shipped it the next day. The item was exactly what I was expecting. Highly recommended!
Crochet Wine Topper/Cozy Mini Hat and Scarf for Wine bottles! PERFECT gift for the Holidays and Birthdays!
Tyranas on Oct 15, 2013
Great service from Gracy and a great item!
The experience of ordering something from Gracy was so good, I have given some thought to maybe ordering another scarf and getting a different color! Thanks again for making a great item, I was very impressed!
I bought this bag for my 3 year anniversary with my girlfriend and she loves it. I let Gracy know that she was planning on using it for books and for school and she even made it a little bit larger with a pocket inside for her! The shipping was fast and she was extremely reliable and communicated the whole time through the process of making the bag, including sending us pictures of her progress as she was working on it!

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Fruit and chocs in the room were eaten in no time - Review of Onefifty Cowes - TripAdvisor
“Lovely rooms and en suite with homemade soaps”
“Close to a wedding we had been invited to and...”
“We stayed in the Tennyson room which is very...”
“We have stayed at this lovely bb for the past...”
“We stayed in the twin room - normal sized room...”
“When we returned to the room in the evening the...”
“Stayed in the top floor twin room which is very...”
“Thank you both for making our trip such a special...”
Fruit and chocs in the room were eaten in no time - Review of Onefifty Cowes
What a find! Onefifty is great. Paula collected us from the RedJet and returned us the following morning after a disappointingly short trip to the island. Paula's welcome continued to a cuppa brought up to the beautifully clean and relaxing bedroom. Fruit and chocs in the room were eaten in no time. We'd already identified the Saffron as the place we were going to eat, and we weren't disappointed there either - with a huge range of dishes to choose from, and very good value for money, and only 7 minutes walk from Onefifty. As a result, after sleeping in the most comfortable bed going, we weren't too hungry in the morning.. This was a shame, as the breakfast was delicious - and I can highly recommend scrambled eggs and crispy pancetta. Thank you, Paula - we thoroughly enjoyed our stay.
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English first Any Alistair1976
This modern and stylish b&b is a great place to stay. The room, though a little small, was well appointed with sky TV, a nicely done en suite (with a shower that lacked nothing in the power stakes), and French doors allowing a great view over cowes. The service was well done, not intrusive but little chocolates, grapes and plums left in the room for us accentuated the attention to detail. I would recommend this B&B all round.
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This review is the subjective opinion of a TripAdvisor member and not of TripAdvisor LLC. Sustain_Ltd
Stayed for a few nights while working on the Isle of Wight. I work away from home regularly staying in many B&B's but One Fifty is definitely a cut above the rest. They have a nice and comfortable building, and offer great service, such as bringing you a cuppa on arrival rather than waiting for you to use the kettle in the room. It is just 10 minutes from the centre of Cowes so convenient for the evenings. I honestly wouldn't change anything!
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16 helpful votes “Lovely stay with great breakfast in the morning!”
I stayed for two nights with my parents and we all really enjoyed our stay. The family is really welcoming and not intrusive. The breakfast was amazing and we loved having it in the conservatory, overlooking the garden. I also agree with other comments that the attention to detail is very evident in the design of the rooms as well as the extras that await you on arrival (water bottle, fresh fruits, chocolate...)I would definitely recommend this B&B for a great base to explore Isle of Wight.
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This review is the subjective opinion of a TripAdvisor member and not of TripAdvisor LLC. Lindavw
We would just like to say that we had a really warm welcome and felt very at home at One Fifty. the attention to detail is second to none! When we arrived we were offered tea and a lovely slice of carrot cake.We had a lovely nights sleep, very comfortable bed with a spotlessly clean room. First class turn down service, worthy of a top hotel!Breakfast was amazing! The sausages were to die for. I am looking forward to returning to the One Fifty at some point and I would certainly reccomend it to others.My only gripe was that there was not a full length mirror for when I was getting ready.Thank you for a lovely stay i'm just sorry that it was only for one night.
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This review is the subjective opinion of a TripAdvisor member and not of TripAdvisor LLC. roses
31 helpful votes “stylish, comfortable and welcoming”
My husband and I have just spent the weekend at Onefifity. Arriving on a wet and windy evening the door was opened and waiting was a wonderful welcome. Scented candles, fresh decor and a lovely warm ambience, As soon as Paula had taken us up to our room tea or coffee was offered and brought up straight away. Bearing in mind that she insisted on taking our suitcase up three floors then went back down to the basement floor and walked back up four floors with a welcome tray of fresh coffee and cakes. There was already fresh fruit and chocolates in the room. The decor was lovely, soft aqua and beige with the most luxurious bedding. Bathroom modern with soft white towels, handmade soap and warm towel rail. Also hanging in the wardrobe white fluffy dressing gowns. We were in a guest house or a lst class hotel! We know what we thought! Breakfast was cooked to order with fresh salmon and cheese bagels if you did want a full english plus fresh fruit, cereals and freshly squeezed orange juice, Breakfast was in a conservatory. This was lit with lamps and soft lights trailing on the window sill, Table linen and and china all spotless. Well I could go on but read the other reviews and you should get a clear picture of what a lovely place this is to stay. We will definately stay again. Nothing was too much trouble for Paula and Mike who made our stay perfect, they were the perfect hosts.
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This review is the subjective opinion of a TripAdvisor member and not of TripAdvisor LLC. judgejulia2506
My husband and I have just returned from a 2 night stay at one fifity cowes. We had read other reviews and thought all these others can't be wrong - and they're not! For a B&B the service and attention to detail is exceptional, it's all the little personal touches that go to making the whole experience a pleasure. The handmade soap in the ensuite, the daily fresh fruit bowl, the turn down & chocs, bathrobes in the room - all these things made our weekend extra special! The full organic english breakfast was fantastic, a real good start to the day. There were also cereals, yoghurt, toast, fresh fruit, juice and if the full english was too much you could go for a lighter option of bagels with smoked salmon & scrambled eggs (there were others but the full english caught my eye). In our room (The Tennyson) we had a double bed, 2 chairs, flat screen tv, tea & coffee making facilities, ensuite bathroom with a great shower and deep square bath. There was also a guide that Paula & Mark had prepared which reviewed restaurants in the area, recommended places to visit and additional services which they provide such as picnic hamper, laundry service and pick up/drop off at Red Jet Ferry Terminal. We found the guide invaluable as it was our first visit to the IOW. Our hosts made us feel welcome and the relaxed atmosphere helped us to enjoy our time together. We will certainly be returning soon.In summary - one fifty cowes is simply perfect!
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TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Booking.com and Priceline so you can book your Onefifty Cowes reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.

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Hoadleys: Trading Cards | eBay
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SOUTH MELBOURNE FOOTBALL CARD LOT OF 10 INC: HOADLEYS, SNIDERS, ALLENS, KORNIESAU $20.00Buy It Now	View DetailsOur grading system re the condition of item. PH:(03) 9596 0211. Comics & Magazines.Condition:UsedTime left:1d 15h 10mItem location:VIC
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1938 Hoadleys FOOTSCRAY Joe RyanAU $15.00Buy It Nowor Best OfferJoe Ryan - Footscray. 1938 Hoadleys.ST.KILDA FOOTBALL CARD LOT OF 9 INC: SNIDERS, KORNIES, WILLS, HOADLEYS ETCAU $30.00Buy It NowOur grading system re the condition of item. PH:(03) 9596 0211. Comics & Magazines.1934 Hoadleys RICHMOND Percy BentleyAU $10.00Buy It Now1934 Hoadleys. P.Bentley - Richmond.FOOTBALL CARD LOT OF 2, 1938 HOADLEYS FOOTSCRAY #1 A. OLLIVER & #28 J. THOMSAU $20.00Buy It NowOur grading system re the condition of item. PH:(03) 9596 0211. Comics & Magazines.1930'S VFL HOADLEYS ALLENS BDV CIGARETTES SOUTH MELBOURNE SYDNEY SWANS 5 CARD AU $13.00Buy It NowAU $9.000 bidsFOR SALE IS A 5 CARD LOT OF SOUTH MELBOURNE CARDS. THERE IS A GOOD MIXTURE OF CARDS AND BRANDS. 1933 BDV CIGARETTES R HILLIS, 1933 HOADLEYS W FAUL, 1933 ALLENS STEAM ROLLERS T BRAIN, 1933 BOB MIRAMS...1938 - HOADLEYS - COLLINGWOOD - 35 - A KYNEAU $5.00Buy It Nowor Best OfferHOADLEYS - 1938. A KYNE.1938 HOADLEYS Trade Card V.DOHERTY COLLINGWOOD Very Good no 26AU $7.85Buy It NowAU $6.000 bidsThe above card grades in very good condition but card has some smaller stain spots as seen via scan still a reasonable card.1932 VFL Hoadleys Nutty Bars Carlton Blues Gordon MackieAU $35.00Buy It NowGordon J Mackie Carlton & VFL AFL. 1932 Hoadleys Nutty Bar (108). This rare card is in reasonable condition = general wear.1938 - HOADLEYS - SOUTH MELBOURNE - 17 - J SMITHAU $5.00Buy It Nowor Best OfferSOUTH MELBOURNE. HOADLEYS - 1938. J SMITH.VICTORIAN FOOTBALLERS by HOADLEYS x 3AU $6.50Buy It NowFree Postage3 x 1933 HOADLEYS CHOCOLATE CARDS. LOCAL PICK UP OK.Hoadleys Footballers 1934 No.44 A.Taylor - Melbourne DemonsAU $7.50Buy It NowThis Hoadleys series of Victorian Footballers - Action Studies is one of the more desirable football sets released in the 1930's.1935 HOADLEYS Trade Card J.HUNTER Carlton CARD NO 53 Fair/GoodAU $4.65Buy It NowAU $3.500 bidsThe above card grades in FAIR/ Good condition but card has some blemishes creases corners are very good as seen via scan still a reasonable card at this price good filler card.Hoadleys Footballers 1934 No.33 C.Cameron - North Melbourne - KangaroosAU $7.50Buy It NowHoadleys Footballers 1934 No.33 C.Cameron. North Melbourne - Kangaroos. This Hoadleys series of Victorian Footballers - Action Studies is one of the more desirable football sets released in the 1930's...Hoadleys Footballers 1934 No.21 A.Morrison - Footscray BulldogsAU $7.50Buy It NowThis Hoadleys series of Victorian Footballers - Action Studies is one of the more desirable football sets released in the 1930's.1933 Hoadleys trade card T.DOWNS Carlton card no 82 very goodAU $6.00Buy It Nowor Best OfferFree PostageCard grades in Very good condition card has very good corners.Hoadleys Footballers 1934 No.37 P.Hardiman - GeelongAU $7.50Buy It Nowor Best OfferFree PostageThis Hoadleys series of Victorian Footballers - Action Studies is one of the more desirable football sets released in the 1930's.1933 Hoadleys trade card J.PARK Carlton card no 72 goodAU $3.00Buy It Nowor Best OfferFree PostageCard grades in good condition card has blemish and normal wear for this grade.FITZROY CHAMPION- DOUG NICHOLLS - VINTAGE HOADLEYS CARD - 100 Series.AU $19.95Buy It NowFITZROY CHAMPION. DOUG NICHOLLS. CARD IN QUITE REASONABLE CONDITION FOR ITS AGE (SEE PHOTO'S). IDEAL FOR COLLECTORS, SUPPORTERS and MEMORABILIA HUNTERS.1938 - HOADLEYS - SOUTH MELBOURNE - 40 - G BRYCEAU $17.50Buy It Nowor Best OfferSOUTH MELBOURNE. HOADLEYS - 1938. G BRYCE.1933 Hoadleys VFL Football Cards (Richmond) x 4AU $40.00Buy It NowFree PostageAn excellent group of cards, in very good condition with light wear, as per images.1938 Hoadleys SOUTH MELBOURNE Bob PrattAU $20.00Buy It Nowor Best OfferBob Pratt - South Melbourne. 1938 Hoadleys.1938 - HOADLEYS - COLLINGWOOD - 61 - B WOODSAU $5.00Buy It Nowor Best OfferHOADLEYS - 1938. B WOODS.1933 Hoadleys trade card C.DAVEY Carlton card no 8 good plusAU $3.00Buy It Nowor Best OfferFree PostageCard grades in good plus condition.1938 Hoadleys RICHMOND Jack DyerAU $90.00Buy It Nowor Best OfferJack Dyer - Richmond. 1938 Hoadleys.1934 Hoadleys RICHMOND Jack TitusAU $10.00Buy It Now1934 Hoadleys. J.Titus - Richmond.1934 Hoadleys RICHMOND Basil McCormackAU $10.00Buy It Now1934 Hoadleys. B.McCormack - Richmond.1933 Hoadleys trade card C.CRISP Carlton card no 18 good plusAU $3.00Buy It Nowor Best OfferFree PostageCard grades in good plus condition.ESSENDON - 1934 Hoadleys Vintage Football Card - P. Walsh.AU $19.95Buy It NowESSENDON BOMBERS ! P. WALSH. CARD IN REASONABLE CONDITION - AS YOU MAY EXPECT FOR ITS AGE. (SEE PHOTO'S) ACTUAL ITEM. IDEAL FOR COLLECTORS, SUPPORTERS and MEMORABILIA HUNTERS.1930 VICTORIAN FOOTBALLERS CARD - HOADLEYS CHOCOLATE #26 B. ANDREWS, COLLINGWOODAU $15.00Buy It NowFree Postage36mm by 63mm, not mint, cornering, surface marks. Front & back shown.See all results
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