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Patent US6559377 - Grounded flexible printed circuitry with improved impedance characteristics - Google Patents
A flexible printed circuitry member includes an elongated flexible insulating substrate with a plurality of signal conductors extending longitudinally along one side of the substrate. A grounding grid having a substantially random geometric pattern is disposed on the opposite side of the substrate....http://www.google.com/patents/US6559377?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6559377 - Grounded flexible printed circuitry with improved impedance characteristics
Publication number US6559377 B1
Application number US 08/932,545
Also published as DE69736043D1, DE69736043T2, EP0835045A2, EP0835045A3, EP0835045B1
Publication number 08932545, 932545, US 6559377 B1, US 6559377B1, US-B1-6559377, US6559377 B1, US6559377B1
Inventors Atsuhito Noda, Shigeyuki Hoshikawa, Shigeru Ando
Patent Citations (8), Referenced by (26), Classifications (19), Legal Events (6)
Grounded flexible printed circuitry with improved impedance characteristics
US 6559377 B1
A flexible printed circuitry member includes an elongated flexible insulating substrate with a plurality of signal conductors extending longitudinally along one side of the substrate. A grounding grid having a substantially random geometric pattern is disposed on the opposite side of the substrate.
1. A flexible printed circuitry member, comprising:
an elongated flexible insulating substrate;
a plurality of first conductors being deposited on and extending longitudinally along one side of the insulating substrate; and
a conductive grounding grid being deposited on the insulating substrate on a side opposite said one side of the insulating substrate, the grounding grid having a substantially random geometric pattern.
2. The flexible printed circuitry member of claim 1 wherein said grounding grid covers substantially the entirety of the insulating substrate.
3. The flexible printed circuitry member of claim 1 wherein said first conductors extend generally parallel to each other longitudinally of the insulating substrate.
4. The flexible printed circuitry member of claim 1 wherein said grounding grid comprises a plurality of intersecting conductors defining substantially randomly unequal-in-shape open spaces therebetween.
5. The flexible printed circuitry member of claim 1 wherein said grounding grid comprises a plurality of intersecting conductors defining substantially randomly unequal-in-size open spaces therebetween.
6. The flexible printed circuitry member of claim 1 wherein said grounding grid comprises a plurality of conductors defining a plurality of intersections, the intersections being in a substantially random pattern.
7. The flexible printed circuitry member of claim 1 wherein said grounding grid comprises a plurality of intersecting conductors defining open spaces therebetween, said open spaces being substantially randomly unequal-in-shape and substantially randomly unequal-in-size.
8. A flexible printed circuitry member comprising:
a plurality of generally parallel signal conductors being deposited on and extending longitudinally along one side of the insulating substrate; and
a conductive grounding grid being deposited on the insulating substrate on an opposite side of the insulating substrate, the grounding grid having a substantially random geometric pattern.
9. The flexible printed circuitry member of claim 8 wherein said grounding grid covers substantially the entirety of the insulating substrate.
10. The flexible printed circuitry member of claim 8 wherein said grounding grid comprises a plurality of intersecting ground conductors defining substantially randomly unequal-in-shape open spaces therebetween.
11. The flexible printed circuitry member of claim 8 wherein said grounding grid comprises a plurality of intersecting ground conductors defining substantially randomly unequal-in-size open spaces therebetween.
12. The flexible printed circuitry member of claim 8 wherein said grounding grid comprises a plurality of ground conductors defining a plurality of intersections, the intersections being in a substantially random pattern.
13. A flexible printed circuitry member, comprising:
a plurality of first conductors being deposited on and extending longitudinally along one side of the insulating
a conductive grounding grid being deposited on the insulating substrate on a side opposite said one side of the insulating substrate, the grounding grid having a substantially random geometric pattern, said grounding grid including a plurality of intersecting conductors defining substantially randomly unequal-in-shape open spaces therebetween.
14. The flexible printed circuitry member of claim 13 wherein said grounding grid covers substantially the entirety of the insulating substrate.
15. The flexible printed circuitry member of claim 13 wherein said first conductors extend generally parallel to each other longitudinally of the insulating substrate.
16. The flexible printed circuitry member of claim 13 wherein said plurality of intersecting conductors further defines substantially randomly unequal-in-size open spaces therebetween.
17. The flexible printed circuitry member of claim 1 wherein said plurality of conductors defining a plurality of intersections, the intersections being in a substantially random pattern.
This invention generally relates to the art of electrical cables and, particularly, to flexible printed circuitry or cable (“FPC”). Specifically, the invention relates to grounded flexible printed circuitry wherein a grounding grid provides improved impedance characteristics for high frequency signals transmitted by the circuitry.
Electrical circuitry often is provided with protection from electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI) emanating from or entering the system. Although EMI and RFI now are often used interchangeably, EMI has been used to connote energy occurring anywhere in the electromagnetic spectrum and RFI has been limited to interference in the radio communication band. EMI energy can be generated outside as well as inside the system. External EMI energy can interfere with the operation of electronic equipment within the system, while internal EMI energy can create “cross talk” and “noise” which can cause erroneous data transmission.
Electrical connectors are particularly prone to disruptions from EMI energy because of the numerous contact areas and openings for electrical terminals and cables, but numerous electrical connectors have been designed with shielding that is effective against EMI/RFI energy. On the other hand, it often is desirable to have a shielded cable as well as shielded connectors.
Conventional flexible printed circuitry in the form of a cable includes a flexible insulating base or substrate having a plurality of signal conductors extending longitudinally along one or both sides of the substrate. If it is desired to shield the flexible printed circuitry, the signal conductors typically are disposed on one side of the substrate and a ground circuit is disposed on the opposite side of the substrate. For instance, it is known to cover the opposite side of the substrate with a layer of metal such as copper for shielding and grounding purposes. However, it has been found that such metal layers significantly decrease the flexibility of the flexible printed circuitry. Consequently, a conductive wire mesh or grounding grid has been used on a side of the substrate opposite the signal conductors for grounding and shielding purposes. Such grounding grids are formed by a plurality of straight ground conductors which crisscross each other to define symmetrical open spaces therebetween.
One of the problems with the prior art grounding grids for use in flexible printed circuitry is that they do not provide a substantially constant impedance for the signal conductors extending longitudinally of the cable. More specifically, the grounding grid is formed by ground conductors which are printed or otherwise deposited on one side of the flexible insulating substrate of the cable. The ground conductors are in the form of a screen or grid with a plurality of generally straight, parallel ground conductors intersecting other parallel ground conductors at regular intervals to define equal-in-shape and equal-in-size open spaces between the conductor wires in a regular geometric pattern. Because of the regularity of the pattern, the signal conductors traverse different conductor sequences running longitudinally of the cable at different lateral positions on the cable, thus causing each conductor to have a different impedance. The characteristic impedance of flexible printed circuitry can affect the integrity of the signals travelling in the cable, particularly for high frequency signals. The creation of different conductor impedance by regular-patterned grounding grids is explained more graphically in the Specification in relation to FIGS. 3 and 4.
The present invention is directed to solving these problems by use of a grounding grid having a novel random geometric pattern.
An object, therefore, of the invention is to provide a new flexible printed circuitry having improved impedance characteristics.
In the exemplary embodiment of the invention, the flexible printed circuitry includes an elongated flexible insulating substrate. A plurality of signal conductors extend longitudinally along at least one side of the insulating substrate. A grounding grid is disposed on the insulating substrate. The grounding grid has a random or substantially random geometric pattern to provide substantially constant impedance for the signal conductors lengthwise of the FPC.
As disclosed herein, the signal conductors are disposed on one side of the insulating substrate, and the grounding grid is disposed on an opposite side of the substrate. The signal conductors extend generally parallel to each other longitudinally of the substrate. The grounding grid covers substantially the entirety of the substrate.
The grounding grid is formed by a plurality of intersecting ground conductors defining open spaces therebetween. According to the invention, the intersections of the ground conductors are in a random pattern to define unequal-in-shape and unequal-in-size open spaces therebetween.
FIG. 1 is a plan view of flexible printed circuitry incorporating the concepts of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the flexible printed circuitry circled and indicated at “A” in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a flexible printed circuitry according to the prior art; and
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the flexible printed circuitry circled and indicated at “B” in FIG. 3.
Referring to the drawings in greater detail, and first to FIGS. 1 and 2, flexible printed circuitry or FPC, generally designated 1, is shown according to the present invention. The flexible printed circuitry includes an elongated flexible insulating substrate or base 2, with a plurality of signal conductors 3 extending longitudinally along the substrate on one side thereof. A grounding grid 4, generally, is disposed on the opposite side of the insulating substrate.
Preferably, signal conductors 3 run parallel to each other longitudinally along substrate 2 and are disposed on one side of the substrate. Grounding grid 4 is disposed on an opposite side of the substrate and covers substantially the entire area of the substrate except for the opposite terminal ends of the circuitry.
As seen best in FIG. 2, grounding grid 4 has a random or substantially random geometric pattern. As is known, such grounding grids are formed by a plurality of ground conductors or ground leads 5 defining a plurality of intersections 6, with open spaces 7 therebetween. The ground conductors or leads are printed or otherwise deposited on one side of substrate 2. According to the invention and as clearly seen in FIG. 2, the intersections 6 of ground conductors 5 are in a random or substantially random pattern. Consequently, open spaces 7 are both unequal-in-shape and unequal-in-size.
In contrast, FIGS. 3 and 4 show flexible printed circuitry, generally designated 10, according to the prior art. Again, signal conductors 3 run parallel to each other on one side of substrate 2 and a grounding grid 4 a is disposed on the opposite side of the substrate.
As best seen in FIG. 4, grounding grid 4 a of the prior art includes a plurality of ground conductors 5 a defining intersections 6 a, with open spaces 7 a therebetween. The ground conductors and their intersections are in a predetermined repeating pattern to define a regular pattern of equally shaped and equally sized open spaces 7 a.
A problem with the prior art grounding grid 4 a is best exemplified by comparing signal conductors 3 a and 3 b in FIG. 4. signal conductor 3 a extends longitudinally of the FPC and crosses the intersections 6 a between ground conductors 5 a at regular intervals or in a regular repeating sequence lengthwise of the FPC. On the other hand, signal conductor 3 b traverses ground conductors 5 a at locations spaced from intersections 6 a, in a regular repeating sequence lengthwise of the FPC. Each time one of the signal conductors 3 a,3 b crosses a ground conductor, the signal conductor incurs a drop in impedance. Therefore, whenever signal conductor 3 a crosses intersections 6 a, there is a drop in impedance, and whenever signal conductor 3 b crosses ground conductors 5 a there is a drop in impedance. However, signal conductor 3 b crosses twice as many ground conductors as signal conductor 3 a will cross intersections between the ground conductors, causing twice as many “drops” or reductions in impedance for signal conductor 3 b as for signal conductor 3 a. The result is that the overall impedance along the length of signal conductor 3 b is less than the overall impedance of the same length of signal conductor 3 a.
In other words, with the regular geometric pattern of the prior art grounding grid 4 a, each signal conductor 3 a or 3 b crosses ground conductors 5 a in a regular recurring intervals lengthwise of the FPC, but the intervals are different for each of the signal conductors spaced apart transversely of the FPC. As a result, conductors 3 a and 3 b will have different impedance characteristics along the length of FPC 10.
On the other hand, with the irregular or random geometric pattern of ground conductors 5 of grounding grid 4 according to the present invention (FIG. 2), each signal conductor 3 traverses the ground conductors at irregular intervals lengthwise of the cable with the result that, according to the law of random statistics, the randomly-distributed capacitances provide substantially constant impedance for signal conductors 3 lengthwise of FPC 10. This permits structure facilitates improved high speed transmission of signals by conductors 3.
Another problem with regular patterned grounding grids involves an FPC design wherein a signal conductor might not travel in a straight line from one end of the cable to the opposite end. It has been pointed out in considerable detail above that the impedance can vary from one signal conductor to another in an FPC with the prior art regular patterned grounding grid. In addition, if a signal conductor changes its path lengthwise of the FPC, the position of that conductor in the pattern or relative to the grid intersections also changes. This will change the impedance of the signal conductor at various points along its length. By utilizing the present invention with the random pattern grounding grid, the impedance for any given length of any given conductor will be substantially the same regardless of its position on the grid. As a result, changes in the direction of signal conductor 3 will not affect the impedance of the signal conductor.
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U.S. Classification 174/36, 333/1, 333/238, 174/254, 174/117.00M, 174/117.00F
International Classification H05K9/00, H05K1/02, H01B7/08, H01B11/06, H05K1/00
Cooperative Classification H05K2201/09681, H01B7/0861, H05K1/0393, H05K1/0224, H05K2201/0715, H05K1/0253
European Classification H05K1/02C4Z4, H01B7/08M
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:NODA, ATSUHITO;HOSHIKAWA, SHIGEYUKI;ANDO, SHIGERU;REEL/FRAME:008719/0959;SIGNING DATES FROM 19970909 TO 19970911


text:
"A good idea, not a good book"
What would have made The Night Land better?
There's no plot, and the style is clumsy. It would need significant editing (like The Dream of X), and more than the single character that exists now. Would you ever listen to anything by William Hope Hodgson again?
Probably not. There's too many accomplished, artful writers in the world for me to be in the business of giving second chances to a man who squandered 500 pages.
What about Drew Ariana’s performance did you like?
It was articulate, even, and as smooth and responsive as the text allowed. He wasn't given a lot to work with.
You didn’t love this book... but did it have any redeeming qualities? The book's historical significance is its redemption, and the reason I read it. H.P. Lovecraft has inherited an unearned reputation of having given birth to "cosmic horror" from nothing. In reality, you can see all the best elements of his work in "The Night Land," and "The Gods of Pagana." To the extent anyone's interested in Lovecraft, either of these would be rewarding reads.Additionally, there's something satisfyingly bleak about the dead world, the "House of Silence," and the Watchers that seem to exist and react along geological time scales.
It's impossible to discuss the book without noting, at least in passing, the incredible misogyny animating its internal morality. This is unfortunate. If I remember correctly, there are more uses of the term "maid" than there are pages in the standard publication. 0 of 2 people found this review helpful

type: global

value: This website is an American online audiobook and podcast service that allows users to purchase and stream audiobooks and other forms of spoken word content. This content can be purchased individually or under a subscription model where the user receives "credits" that can be redeemed for content monthly and receive access to a curated on-demand library of content.


text: At the 70th anniversary celebration of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, in Tiananmen Square in Beijing, on Tuesday.CreditMark Schiefelbein/Associated Press

value: This website is an American daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership. Founded in 1851, the Times has since won 132 Pulitzer Prizes, the most of any newspaper, and has long been regarded within the industry as a national "newspaper of record".


text:
Andreas Neumann - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Andreas Neumann (born February 20, 1967 in Munich, Germany) is an entrepreneur, film producer, record producer and photographer. He is widely known by the nickname "Dre."
6 StarClub
Andreas Neumann is married to international supermodel, Khadidiatou Donatelli Neumann, commonly known as Khadija.[1] They currently live together in Los Angeles, CA with their daughter Khadija Emma Neumann, born in 2005.
Dre began his career at the age of 22 when he founded the advertising production company, Bliss Ltd.[2]
In 1994, he was named Head of TV production at Grey Europe. At age 27 Dre was the youngest person to ever hold that position. He was responsible for all European TV advertising production, managing 55 subsidiary agencies with a department of fifty people, and produced over three hundred TV commercials a year with an annual budget of $50 million.
Dre produced a series of celebrity commercials with French director Roger Vadim for U.S. companies Slim Fast and Procter & Gamble. The success of the commercials inspired Dre and Vadim to collaborate on a feature film project titled "Module." Sadly, before work on the film could be completed, Vadim died in Paris, France, at the age of 72.
After leaving Grey in 1999, Dre started his own media company Zenturio Group Ltd.[3] with Patrick Graf von Faber Castell. There, he produced the world’s first 360-degree “Dome Theater”[4] movie for Volkswagen with a budget of $20 million. The movie, which is a seven-minute short, is one of the main attractions at the VW Autostadt[5] and was directed by Tom Ackerman ASC.[6] Shot in the Czech Republic, Italy, and South Africa, the film represents a benchmark achievement in special venue technology.
Joined again with Patrick Graf von Faber Castell, and with MTV veteran

value: This website is the English-language edition of the free online encyclopedia Wikipedia. It was founded on 15 January 2001 as Wikipedia's first edition and, as of October 2021, has the most articles of any edition, at 6,412,521.


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Kanchan’s role model probes her suicide case | patna | Hindustan Times
Kanchan’s role model probes her suicide case
It is ironical as well as a strange quirk of fate. The woman IPS officer whom Kanchanbala Jha, the 21-year-old Sitamarhi girl who committed suicide on August 23, adored and considered as her ideal, is now probing the circumstances that led to her death.
patna Updated: Sep 10, 2012 15:54 IST
Dev Raj & Rajesh Kumar Thakur
The mathematics undergraduate of SRK Goenka College wanted to become an IPS officer herself, but ended her life after being continuously harassed by goons for over a year amid inexplicable inaction by the local police.
She used to keep a photograph of IG Shobha Ohatker in her book for inspiration. Ohatker is still fondly remembered as Hunterwali in Sitamarhi and Darbhanga districts, where she had served as an SP earlier. She is the one enquiring into the entire matter.
In the small, dusty town, friends of Kanchanbala speak of divine justice. “She was very disturbed during her last days, but would keep a brave face and even manage to laugh and smile. She used to tell us that the god would send somebody after her death, who would help her get justice. And see, the officer who was her role model has come," said one of them.
Meanwhile, Ohatker has wrapped up her four-day-long Sitamarhi visit. Sources in the local police said that she rigorously examined everything and all aspects connected with the case. Police officials of all ranks up to the SP and DIG level were asked questions. Those transferred out of the district were summoned and interrogated in camera.
Ohatker visited the city residence as well as the ancestral house of Kanchanbala, met her friends, parents, elder brothers and neighbours to gather all details about the incident. She also examined the suicide note minutely and matched it with the handwriting in the notebooks of the deceased girl.
Sitamarhi sources said that the IG was miffed at the gross dereliction of duty by some of the police officials and lost her cool several times during interrogation
after getting unsatisfactory replies. Axe is being expected to fall on a few officials for intentionally overlooking the complaints of the victim.
Sources in the state police headquarters in Patna say the top brass is preparing to take ‘quick and decisive action’ after Ohatker submits her enquiry report. The report is expected within a week. In the eventuality of any action against Sitamarhi policemen, the DGP is expected to brief chief minister Nitish Kumar before taking the necessary steps.

value: This website is an Indian English-language daily newspaper introduced and founded in 1924 by Sunder Singh Lyallpuri, founder-father of the Akali movement and the Shiromani Akali Dal in the Punjab Province. It played integral roles in the Indian independence movement as a nationalist daily.


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overview for examancerjump to contentmy subredditsannouncementsArtAskRedditaskscienceawwblogbookscreepydataisbeautifulDIYDocumentariesEarthPornexplainlikeimfivefoodfunnyFuturologygadgetsgamingGetMotivatedgifshistoryIAmAInternetIsBeautifulJokesLifeProTipslistentothismildlyinterestingmoviesMusicnewsnosleepnottheonionOldSchoolCoolpersonalfinancephilosophyphotoshopbattlespicsscienceShowerthoughtsspacesportstelevisiontifutodayilearnedTwoXChromosomesUpliftingNewsvideosworldnewsWritingPromptsedit subscriptionspopular-all-random | AskReddit-worldnews-pics-funny-news-videos-gaming-gifs-aww-todayilearned-movies-Showerthoughts-mildlyinteresting-Jokes-television-Music-LifeProTips-nottheonion-OldSchoolCool-Futurology-TwoXChromosomes-IAmA-science-dataisbeautiful-explainlikeimfive-tifu-food-EarthPorn-WritingPrompts-history-UpliftingNews-photoshopbattles-Documentaries-books-sports-GetMotivated-Art-creepy-personalfinance-askscience-space-nosleep-DIY-gadgets-philosophy-listentothis-InternetIsBeautiful-announcements-blogmore » examanceroverviewcommentssubmittedgildedWant to join? Log in or sign up in seconds.|Englishexamancer3 post karma36 comment karma send a private messageredditor for 8 yearswhat's this?TROPHY CASEEight-Year Clubremember mereset passwordlogindaily reddit gold goal54%help support redditreddit gold gives you extra features and helps keep our servers running. We believe the more reddit can be user-supported, the freer we will be to make reddit the best it can be.Buy gold for yourself to gain access to extra features and special benefits. A month of gold pays for 231.26 minutes of reddit server time!Give gold to thank exemplary people and encourage them to post more.This daily goal updates every 10 minutes and is reset at midnight Pacific Time (12 hours, 48 minutes from now).Yesterday's reddit gold goal93%get the best of reddit, delivered once a weekemail:subscribe×sorted by: newhottopcontroversialOffice 365 Onedrive looks at user-agent to determine performance. by Torrenator in linux[–]examancer 0 points1 point2 points 2 months ago (0 children)4 months after being reported the original thread was updated minutes ago by a Microsoft employee saying a fix has been deployed.
https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/msoffice/forum/msoffice_onedrivefb-mso_o365brs/onedrive-for-business-open-is-very-slow-on-linux/3d33dc1b-3cc3-4c24-9998-9ab96bad31fc
permalinksavecontextfull comments (272)reportgive goldReceived my replacement tablet today, guess we will have to return the faulty ones... by MyWorkAccount23 in theNvidiaShield[–]examancer 0 points1 point2 points 1 year ago (0 children)Of course you can keep the faulty tablet if you want. You have two tablets now and they have zero leverage to make you follow through on their "request" that you return the faulty one.
I for one will be looking for a way to keep the old tablet working, even if I need to remove/replace the battery to reduce the fire risk. Or, maybe the faulty one will just be for use in the garage. If I don't successfully prevent the deactivation, then I might send it back.
permalinksavecontextfull comments (8)give goldList of Cheap Cellphone service providers by evildorkgod in Frugal[–]examancer 0 points1 point2 points 3 years ago (0 children)Yeah, they were the other provider I was thinking of. Ting got the Moto X first so I went there.
permalinksavecontextfull comments (18)give goldList of Cheap Cellphone service providers by evildorkgod in Frugal[–]examancer 1 point2 points3 points 3 years ago (0 children)No, it has to be a Sprint compatible CDMA phone. More compatibility info is on their site including lists of devices known to work.
permalinksavecontextfull comments (18)give goldList of Cheap Cellphone service providers by evildorkgod in Frugal[–]examancer 0 points1 point2 points 3 years ago (0 children)If you don't find what you want in used phones, know that you can pick up the awesome brand new Nexus 5 direct from Google for $349. Then its just $10 for the Nexus 5 SIM from Ting.
permalinksavecontextfull comments (18)give goldList of Cheap Cellphone service providers by evildorkgod in Frugal[–]examancer 1 point2 points3 points 3 years ago (0 children)If you use a referral link from an existing Ting customer you'll get $25 off (towards a phone or towards your bill). They'll also get a $25 referral credit too :-)
If you don't already have a link, feel free to use mine: https://z1ka5t18kd4.ting.com/
permalinksavecontextfull comments (18)give goldAny way of saving money while ordering food? by thebageljew in Frugal[–]examancer 10 points11 points12 points 3 years ago (0 children)Whatever you do, don't try to save money by being a crappy tipper. If you are going to get delivery, know that the person bringing it to you is paid minimum wage and using their own vehicle. Without tips its likely you are costing them gas and wear/tear that they are going to have to cover out of their minimum wage. It's cruel.
Some places charge a delivery fee, but even then its likely the driver doesn't get it all. I did pizza delivery for a couple years, and the place I was at charged $2. I got $1 of that (eventually $1.25). The store kept the rest to pay for "insurance" (which I'm not convinced was actually purchased as I never filled anything out and never saw any documentation on it). With a large delivery area, almost half my deliveries were far enough away that the $1 wouldn't have even covered gas, much less maintenance. Without tips it meant I'd be paying money from my minimum wage to buy gas to bring you your food.
If you want to save money on tipping, pick it up. If you get your food delivered do the right thing and tip at least 15%. Oh, and always always ask for the specials at least if you don't have coupons. Many places set up their specials so they are pretty much identical to whats on the coupons anyways, so that is often less hassle. Also explains why some places let you keep the coupon.
permalinksavecontextfull comments (8)give goldList of Cheap Cellphone service providers by evildorkgod in Frugal[–]examancer 1 point2 points3 points 3 years ago (0 children)I just switched from Verizon to Ting. Bill went from ~$90/month to $36 last month with taxes. Might be even lower this month. They use a pay-for-what-you-use model so the bill can fluctuate but will always be much lower than Verizon was.
I had to pay full price for my phone (Moto X). Ting does not subsidize. Having the money up front for the phone you want might be tough for some, but is really what you should be doing anyways. I will save more than the cost of the phone in the first year alone. Plus, I'm not on a contract. I could move to another provider at any time, and if its another Sprint-based MVNO I can take my phone with me.
There are some downsides. Sprint doesn't have the 4G coverage of Verizon. Where I'm at (Newark, NJ) there is definitely 4G, but its a bit spotty at times. Performance on 4G is pretty speedy. If its being throttled I don't notice it. 3G, however, is slower than previous 3G networks I've used. It feels even slower than when I was a direct Sprint customer. Seems like Sprint might throttle or give lower priority to 3G MVNO users. That said, I'm almost always on wifi, so almost 90% of the time I use my phone the carrier quality doesn't matter. For that 10%, the performance with Ting is more than adequate.
Call quality has been flawless. Zero dropped calls.
permalinksavecontextfull comments (18)give goldPlots won't appear by munus_su_gi in GODUS[–]examancer 0 points1 point2 points 3 years ago (0 children)I've had to sculpt areas unusually big in some places to get a plot to appear, but it always does eventually. Seems to need the most room when the area I want a plot to appear in is lower than the adjacent area.
permalinksavecontextfull comments (6)give goldGodus Matcher - Match Making Service by examancer in GODUS[–]examancer[S] 0 points1 point2 points 3 years ago (0 children)Hahaha. Yeah, that was a close one. I thought I had won. I got so mad for a second.
permalinksavecontextfull comments (4)give goldGodus Matcher - Match Making Service by examancer in GODUS[–]examancer[S] 0 points1 point2 points 3 years ago (0 children)I really wanted to play some Godus multiplayer. None of my existing Steam friends have the game. So, instead of making new friends like a normal person, I built this.
It's a simple "match making" service. Signing in with your Steam account marks you as available and puts your name at the top of the most recent players. Other players can then add you as a friend or you can add other recent players as friends, all for the purpose of playing some Godus.
It's as close as I could come to a 3rd party match making service for a friends-only Steam game like Godus... or at least I think it is. Let me know if you have any thoughts or issues.
permalinksavecontextfull comments (4)give gold234Godus Matcher - Match Making Service (godus.linkleaf.com)submitted 3 years ago by examancer to r/GODUS4 commentsshareMy dad is looking for ways to make money online or at home. Any suggestions? by RipperBravo2 in Frugal[–]examancer 6 points7 points8 points 3 years ago (0 children)Quick answer: emphatic YES! I work 100% from home and make 6 figures developing software with Ruby and Javascript. I love my job.
I don't have a degree. I started programming as a hobby while working various jobs (mostly call center work and pizza delivery). It took me a while to get where I am, but even my very first programming job was at the time the highest paying job I ever had.
I probably spent much more time with programming as a pure hobby (with no real income) than I needed to. I thought the stuff I was toying around with was nothing compared to what "real" programmers do. Turns out, I was actually doing far more advanced stuff in my hobby than I would usually do during my first entry level development job.
My route to doing it full time was a little odd. I got promoted to a supervisor of a small team in the call center I worked at. I hated having to "coach" people to try and get them to work harder and improve our numbers, so I spent most of my time writing little scripts to automate things. This improved our numbers greatly, and after only 5 months at that job I applied for an internal entry level developer position. After showing them some of my hobby projects and the stuff I wrote for internal use, I was quickly given a full time developer job. No formal education, and no formal experience.
That was 6 years ago. I started with programming as a hobby just out of high school, which was 12 years ago. Things were a bit different then. The demand for developers wasn't as high, the jobs didn't seem to pay as well, and I didn't have any mentors or anything to guide me. If you go into programming, spend less time thinking you're "just a hobbyist" and not good enough for "real" programming.
If you want make a career in software: Get a couple small personal projects off the ground just to teach you the basics of whatever technology/language path you take. At the same time, day one, start attending developer meetups. Tell people you are interested in learning or have started to learn, and you will be amazed at how much people will want to help you. They will offer to mentor/teach you, or at least point you in the right direction. Not to mention you will meet some great people who will likely be the source of awesome work down the road.
So, yes, it is very possible to make a living wage this way. I highly recommend it. Come, join the creative class :-)
permalinksavecontextfull comments (47)give gold5 tips to save money while traveling by vahishta in Frugal[–]examancer 0 points1 point2 points 3 years ago (0 children)This nugget of wisdom is pretty good:
Realise this: there is always a cheaper way to get things done. Taken to an extreme level, you can always hitchhike instead of taking flights. You can dumpster dive for your food instead of buying it from a grocery store. I’m not suggesting you do any of these things, just understand the underlying principle – that no matter the activity, there is always a way to bring the cost of doing that activity down. What you sacrifice in return is comfort, convenience and ultimately, safety. Usually in that order. Somewhere in that matrix lies your personal sweet spot. You need to find it and constantly challenge yourself to do better.
Tip #5 is garbage though. Don't be enticed by "deals"... You can usually always find one when you're really ready if you're just a little patient. Don't be decisive on purchases. Ask yourself constantly if you really need what you're buying.
permalinksavecontextfull comments (15)give goldMy dad is looking for ways to make money online or at home. Any suggestions? by RipperBravo2 in Frugal[–]examancer 2 points3 points4 points 3 years ago (0 children)Seriously, anyone can learn computer programming. It seems overwhelming at first but it doesn't take nearly as long as most people think to gain enough proficiency to solve real problems and start making real money.
I'd start with Ruby or Python as they are both easy to learn, extremely versatile, and in high demand. There are dozens of free books, tutorials, and online courses for both.
Start by building some small projects while learning. Those will look great in your portfolio. Next try bidding for small projects on odesk or elance. After getting a few projects and some confidence under your belt you can likely get much more appealing and higher paying projects by networking in your local developer and entrepreneur/small-biz communities.
Its quite likely your dad could both enjoy this more and make more money than his current day job. Quicker than you might think he would start to see some great opportunities to do this full time. They would likely pay enough that he could afford to just have fun on the weekends :-) permalinksavecontextfull comments (47)give goldI love Starbucks drinks but can't stand to spend $4 a pop on them. If it worth it to buy an espresso machine and make them at home if it's just for me? by Schnauzerbutt in Frugal[–]examancer 0 points1 point2 points 3 years ago (0 children)Dropping by to make a similar suggestion. Found a nearby Cuban bakery that sells espresso for $1.50. The quality of espresso is actually very high, though they won't be willing to do much more than mix it with steamed milk and sugar.
Investing in an espresso machine might be even cheaper over the long run, but for me the bakery makes sense. I don't need espresso every day... Regular coffee is fine most days and I just treat myself to a $1.50 espresso once or twice a week.
permalinksavecontextfull comments (104)give goldWhat are you saving for? by Anjewz in Frugal[–]examancer 2 points3 points4 points 3 years ago (0 children)Software development, as mentioned. If you are asking for more specifics: web software, mostly with lots of ruby and javascript.
permalinksavecontextfull comments (141)give goldGood Way to Preserve meats? by Kronos1337 in Frugal[–]examancer 0 points1 point2 points 3 years ago (0 children)I can only think of two possible alternatives to your current ritual, and neither of them are cheaper. They are actually more expensive as they both require investments in additional tools. However, they do have their advantages.
Invest in a vacuum sealer. They aren't cheap, but used ones are. Doing so would allow the meat to (potentially) last in the freezer much longer without suffering significant freezer burn.
Cure and dry the meats. This means making jerky or biltong (maybe other types exist). This likely means an investment in a food dehydrator, though apparently there are alternative methods that just use the sun. The finished product can last an exceptionally long time without refrigeration. This could offer more room in the freezer or allow you to unplug your freezer.
permalinksavecontextfull comments (17)give goldRedditors living in the New York City area frugally, how do you do it? What do your costs break down like? by Louaym in Frugal[–]examancer 0 points1 point2 points 3 years ago (0 children)Where you job is at in Manhattan is crucial to answering this question well. If your job is in Midtown East, you should probably look in Astoria or nearby there in Queens as its a very short subway ride to get in.
If you are working in the financial district, that makes commutes from Brooklyn more reasonable, and commutes from Queens less reasonable.
Pay close attention to the subway map. If you are working on the UWS and find an affordable place on the UES or East Harlem, you will be shocked by how difficult the journey can be, even though they are both in Manhattan.
Some Manhattan neighborhoods you might be able to find something reasonably priced: anywhere in northern Manhattan, above UES/UWS (ie: Harlem, Manhattanville, Inwood, etc.) shouldn't be too hard. Other than that I'd look for the pockets of older walkups in Kips Bay, Murray Hill, Chelsea, Hell's Kitchen, NoLita, East Village, and a few others.
You may have to suffer a broker if you don't have temporary housing a lots of free time to contact management companies directly. Many of them will only work with brokers anyways.
Your best bet for finding apartments online is probably nakedapartments.com. Craigslist is mostly spam and bait/switch ads. There is some of that on nakedapartments too, but much much less and many more quality listings.
permalinksavecontextfull comments (443)give goldWhat are you saving for? by Anjewz in Frugal[–]examancer 22 points23 points24 points 3 years ago (0 children)I'm trying to live off half my salary. 6 months in, I have enough saved to take 6 months off. Once I have a year's salary saved I'm taking a year off to explore side projects and pursue/discover my passions. If any of these activities produce income my time off is extended, and maybe, just maybe, I can never "work" again.
I'm lucky enough to work in an industry that pays well and is in high enough demand that I can comfortably take a couple years off without fear of that causing problems finding a job if I have to start working again (software development).
permalinksavecontextfull comments (141)give goldUnemployed lumber worker, ca. 1939 by zuzahin in ColorizedHistory[–]examancer 1 point2 points3 points 3 years ago (0 children)And here I thought it said "SSH" and just figured public SSH keys were shorter back then.
permalinksavecontextfull comments (38)give goldSo what is “binding.pry” exactly? by kyrylo in ruby[–]examancer 0 points1 point2 points 3 years ago (0 children)Good post. TIL a bit more about Ruby's Binding class :-)
permalinksavecontextfull comments (3)give goldkrypt - The next level of Ruby cryptography by davidk01 in ruby[–]examancer 0 points1 point2 points 3 years ago (0 children)Great post. Would like to see some examples somewhere demonstrating simple and advanced uses for krypt, but it sounds like docs are a priority so I'm sure we'll see those eventually. Keep up the great work.
permalinksavecontextfull comments (14)give gold22 kids, 14 baby mama's. by johnnytwoeyes in funny[–]examancer 1 point2 points3 points 3 years ago (0 children)Reporter: "Is your hope that some day you'll be able to care for these kids financially?"
... epic awkward pause ...
Orlando: "To be honest with you... Don't nothin' come from a dreamer... but just... but a dream."
Wellllp... I guess he's at least honest.
permalinksavecontextfull comments (2)give goldSports bars for Boston teams? by [deleted] in AskNYC[–]examancer 2 points3 points4 points 4 years ago (0 children)The Hairy Monk on 25th and 3rd was a great Boston team bar, but unfortunately it just closed a month ago.
permalinksavecontextfull comments (11)give goldview more: next ›create a new accountusername:password:verify password:email: (optional)remember mesign uplog inusername:password:remember mereset passwordlog inBy signing up, you agree to our Terms and that you have read our Privacy Policy and Content Policy.English [en]Afrikaans [af] (*)العربية [ar] (*)Беларуская мова [be] (*)български език [bg]বাংলা [bn-IN] (*)বাংলা [bn-bd] (*)Bosanski [bs] (*)català [ca]česky [cs]Cymraeg [cy] (*)dansk [da]Deutsch [de]Ελληνικά [el]English (Australia) [en-au]English (Canadian) [en-ca]English (Great Britain) [en-gb]English [en-us]Esperanto [eo] (*)español [es]español [es-ar]español [es-cl]Español [es-mx]eesti keel [et] (*)Euskara [eu]فارسی [fa]suomi [fi]Filipino [fil] (*)français [fr]Français [fr-ca]Frysk [fy-NL] (*)Gaeilge [ga-ie] (*)Gàidhlig [gd]Galego [gl] (*)עברית [he] (*)मानक हिन्दी [hi] (*)hrvatski [hr]Magyar [hu]Հայերեն լեզու [hy]Bahasa Indonesia [id] (*)íslenska [is]italiano (Italy) [it]日本語 [ja]ಕನ್ನಡ [kn_IN]한국어 [ko]Latin [la] (*)1337 [leet]LOL [lol]lietuvių kalba [lt] (*)latviešu valoda [lv]Bahasa Melayu [ms] (*)Malti [mt-MT]Nederlands [nl]Nynorsk [nn]Norsk [no]Arrrrrrrr! [pir] (*)polski [pl]português [pt] (*)português [pt-pt]português brasileiro [pt_BR]română [ro]русский [ru]slovenčina [sk]slovenščina [sl] (*)српски језик [sr]Srpski [sr-la]Svenska [sv]தமிழ் [ta]ภาษาไทย [th]Türkçe [tr]українська мова [uk]Tiếng Việt [vi]中文 [zh]简化字 [zh-cn] (*) incomplete volunteer to translateπ Rendered by PID 21292 on app-239 at 2017-05-25 18:11:24.415074+00:00 running c126e60 country code: US.

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FriendOfADev comments on [Hiring] Geospatial Developers - Work From Anywhere in USjump to contentmy subredditsannouncementsArtAskRedditaskscienceawwblogbookscreepydataisbeautifulDIYDocumentariesEarthPornexplainlikeimfiveFitnessfoodfunnyFuturologygadgetsgamingGetMotivatedgifshistoryIAmAInternetIsBeautifulJokesLifeProTipslistentothismildlyinterestingmoviesMusicnewsnosleepnottheonionOldSchoolCoolpersonalfinancephilosophyphotoshopbattlespicsscienceShowerthoughtsspacesportstelevisiontifutodayilearnedTwoXChromosomesUpliftingNewsvideosworldnewsWritingPromptsedit subscriptionsfront-all-random | science-gaming-sports-tifu-mildlyinteresting-UpliftingNews-askscience-history-gifs-EarthPorn-GetMotivated-Jokes-space-listentothis-funny-aww-Music-Art-AskReddit-Showerthoughts-nottheonion-InternetIsBeautiful-personalfinance-Fitness-movies-news-television-todayilearned-food-worldnews-OldSchoolCool-dataisbeautiful-philosophy-Futurology-LifeProTips-TwoXChromosomes-creepy-nosleep-Documentaries-DIY-videos-WritingPrompts-books-explainlikeimfive-IAmA-pics-photoshopbattles-gadgetsmore » giscommentsrelatedwant to join? login or register in seconds|Englishlimit my search to /r/gisuse the following search parameters to narrow your results:subreddit:subredditfind submissions in "subreddit"author:usernamefind submissions by "username"site:example.comfind submissions from "example.com"url:textsearch for "text" in urlselftext:textsearch for "text" in self post contentsself:yes (or self:no)include (or exclude) self postsnsfw:yes (or nsfw:no)include (or exclude) results marked as NSFWe.g. subreddit:aww site:imgur.com dogsee the search faq for details.advanced search: by author, subreddit...this post was submitted on 05 Mar 201410 points (78% upvoted)shortlink: remember mereset passwordloginSubmit new contentSubmit new contentgissubscribeunsubscribe6,991 readers~9 users here nowHome all hot new top
a community for 5 yearsmessage the moderatorsMODERATORSanovedbnb2011am4zonGIS Spatial AnalystSycosysGIScientist/DevkpurdonWeb Application Developer91011Jobs[Hiring] Geospatial Developers - Work From Anywhere in US (gisinc.com)submitted 6 months ago by jvreeland10 commentssharecancelsorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onloading...sorted by: bestbesttopnewhotcontroversialoldrandomyou are viewing a single comment's thread.view the rest of the comments →[–]FriendOfADev 1 point2 points3 points 6 months ago (0 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onI am friends with a former employee here...from my understanding the glass door reviews are actually more positive then the stories I have heard.
From paying both devs and analysts 30-50% under market value, ensuring ESRI is always on a pedestal, and playing favorites with employees.
From what I heard there are smart people who work there, but that management only listens to those in the good ole boys club.
username:try anotheravailable!account recovery email: (optional)we only send email at your requestpassword:verify password:remember mecreate accountis it really that easy? only one way to find out...loginalready have an account and just want to login?username:password:remember merecover passwordloginclose this windowinterface languageEnglish [en]العربية [ar]Беларуская мова [be]български език [bg]Bosanski [bs]català [ca]česky [cs]dansk [da]Deutsch [de]Ελληνικά [el]English (Australia) [en-au]English (Canadian) [en-ca]English (Great Britain) [en-gb]English [en-us]Esperanto [eo]español [es]español [es-ar]eesti keel [et]Euskara [eu]فارسی [fa]suomi [fi]français [fr]Gàidhlig [gd]עברית [he]मानक हिन्दी [hi]hrvatski [hr]Magyar [hu]Հայերեն լեզու [hy]Bahasa Indonesia [id]íslenska [is] (*)italiano (Italy) [it]日本語 [ja]ಕನ್ನಡ [kn_IN]한국어 [ko]Latin [la]1337 [leet]LOL [lol]lietuvių kalba [lt]latviešu valoda [lv]Nederlands [nl]Nynorsk [nn]Norsk [no]Arrrrrrrr! [pir]polski [pl]português [pt] (*)português [pt-pt]português brasileiro [pt_BR]română [ro]русский [ru]slovenčina [sk]slovenščina [sl]српски језик [sr]Srpski [sr-la]Svenska [sv]தமிழ் [ta]ภาษาไทย [th]Türkçe [tr]українська мова [uk]Tiếng Việt [vi]中文 [zh] (*) incomplete volunteer to translateπ Rendered by PID 851 on app-01 at 2014-09-18 02:59:10.004026+00:00 running eabe34e country code: US.


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Clearways - definition of clearways by The Free Dictionary
https://www.thefreedictionary.com/clearways
Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary 12,117,387,469 visitors served
Council camera car to start clampdown on dangerous parking outside schools; The clampdown "has nothing to do with generating income"
A NEW removal and clamping scheme is operating in urban clearways and bus lanes.
There are also some locations in the city where the CEO's are regularly being subject to significant abuse and intimidation from the general public when enforcing on foot." The report suggests that the vehicle would get to work on the yellow zig-zag lines outside schools, on the red route, on urban clearways and taxi ranks, on bus stop clearways, and in places where there is a loading or unloading ban.
The seats can fold up flush creating wider clearways than along rows of normal seats.
Hillsboro' families oppose standing
Have our council traffic engineers not considered urban clearways like at least one other council in the region?
Bus lanes slow us down; Mailbag
"Many routes surrounding the stages will be urban clearways and roads where parking is not permitted.
'Stay safe' warning as rally roars in
If approved by the Department for Transport, the roads will become Clearways, where it will be illegal to stop for any reason other than a breakdown.
They will issue penalty charge notices to motorists who park their vehicle in front of dropped kerbs, doublepark, park on zig-zag 'Keep Clear' zones outside schools and park on bus stop clearways.
"It was pretty scary coming into Clearways because there was still some water on the track and you're hard on the brakes there but luckily we stayed on the track."
Richard Thornton, business development manager with The Consultancy, said: "Clearways' new identity further enhances its local standing and will allow them to compete on a national level which is the next major goal for the Clearway team."
Into Clearways for the eighth time, Westbrook sawhis chance and dived through on the inside to take the lead, below.
WHEELS within WHEELS: Susie in seventh heaven after Brands comeback

value: This website is an American online dictionary and encyclopedia that aggregates information from various sources.


text:
Priorities for Cardiovascular Outcomes Research: A Report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Centers for Cardiovascular Outcomes Re... - PubMed - NCBI
Search: 28710296
Search: 28710296[uid]
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2017 Jul;10(7). pii: e001967. doi: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.115.001967.
Khazanie P1, Krumholz HM2, Kiefe CI2, Kressin NR2, Wells B2, Wang TY2, Peterson ED2.
From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (P.K.); Department of Medicine, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (T.K.W., E.D.P.); Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (H.M.K.); Department of Health Policy and Management, Yale School of Public Health, Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale New Haven Health, CT (H.M.K.); Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (C.I.K.); Department of Veterans Affairs, Boston University School of Medicine (N.R.K.); and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (B.W.). prateeti.khazanie@ucdenver.edu.
From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (P.K.); Department of Medicine, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (T.K.W., E.D.P.); Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (H.M.K.); Department of Health Policy and Management, Yale School of Public Health, Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale New Haven Health, CT (H.M.K.); Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (C.I.K.); Department of Veterans Affairs, Boston University School of Medicine (N.R.K.); and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (B.W.).
United States; delivery of health care; health services research; heart; outcome assessment (health care)
10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.115.001967
28710296[uid]

value: This website is part of the United States National Library of Medicine , a branch of the National Institutes of Health . It is approved and funded by the government of the United States.


text:
Triumphal march, no. 188 | Library of Congress
JPEG (1844x2379px)
Jarvis, Charles.
Jarvis, Charles. Triumphal March, No. 188. Lee and Walker, Philadelphia, monographic, 1848. Notated Music. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/sm1848.090870/. (Accessed July 28, 2017.)
Jarvis, C. (1848) Triumphal March, No. 188. Lee and Walker, Philadelphia, monographic. [Notated Music] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/sm1848.090870/.
Jarvis, Charles. Triumphal March, No. 188. Lee and Walker, Philadelphia, monographic, 1848. Notated Music. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, <https://www.loc.gov/item/sm1848.090870/>.

value: This website is the research library that officially serves the United States Congress and is the de facto national library of the United States. It is the oldest federal cultural institution in the United States.


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mia moda altalena swing, blue - Walmart.com
Walmart # 551621634
your baby will be swinging in style to his/her own collection of songs created by you with the altalena swing by mia moda. this swing features a soft fleece seat cover for a c ounce y, soothing environment for your baby to relax and take them to a new world while stimulating baby s visual and audio senses. listen to preloaded nature sounds and other musical selections. other features include motion and lights providing a variety of soothing affects for your baby.
 SKU:ADIB0079X0KQA
Mia Moda Altalena Swing In Blue
Great swing for my great grandson
Very easy to assemble and has so many different speeds, sounds and songs that my great grandson loves it.
blfra, January 20, 2014

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