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Patent US7394832 - Technique for synchronizing redundant network elements - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA technique for synchronizing redundant network elements is disclosed. In one particular exemplary embodiment, the technique may be realized as a method that comprises: transmitting a checkpoint indication signal to a primary element and at least one backup element, wherein each of the primary element...http://www.google.com/patents/US7394832?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7394832 - Technique for synchronizing redundant network elementsAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS7394832 B1Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 10/657,214Publication dateJul 1, 2008Filing dateSep 9, 2003Priority dateSep 9, 2003Fee statusPaidPublication number10657214, 657214, US 7394832 B1, US 7394832B1, US-B1-7394832, US7394832 B1, US7394832B1InventorsJohn DykstraOriginal AssigneeNortel Networks LimitedExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (4), Referenced by (5), Classifications (7), Legal Events (6) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetTechnique for synchronizing redundant network elements
US 7394832 B1Abstract
A technique for synchronizing redundant network elements is disclosed. In one particular exemplary embodiment, the technique may be realized as a method that comprises: transmitting a checkpoint indication signal to a primary element and at least one backup element, wherein each of the primary element and the at least one backup element has one or more connections to a network; generating a first checkpoint that is indicative of a first status of the primary element associated with a first arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the primary element; generating a second checkpoint that is indicative of a second status of the at least one backup element associated with a second arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the at least one backup element; and comparing the first checkpoint and the second checkpoint to determine a synchronization between the primary element and the backup element.
1. A method for synchronizing redundant network elements, the method comprising:
transmitting a checkpoint indication signal simultaneously to a primary element and at least one backup element, wherein each of the primary element and the at least one backup element has one or more connections to a network;
generating a first checkpoint that is indicative of a first status of the primary element associated with a first arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the primary element;
generating a second checkpoint that is indicative of a second status of the at least one backup element associated with a second arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the at least one backup element; and
comparing the first checkpoint and the second checkpoint to determine a synchronization between the primary element and the at least one backup element.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the checkpoint indication signal is transmitted from the primary element, the at least one backup element or a source outside the network.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of generating a first checkpoint further comprises the steps of:
identifying a first arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the primary element;
finishing processing of any data arriving at the primary element before the first arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal;
suspending processing of a plurality of data arriving at the primary element after the first arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal;
generating a first checkpoint that is indicative of the status of the primary element in suspension;
transmitting the first checkpoint to the at least one backup element; and
resuming processing of the plurality of data arriving at the primary element after the first arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of generating a second checkpoint further comprises the steps of:
identifying a second arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the at least one backup element;
finishing processing of any data arriving at the at least one backup element before the second arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal;
suspending processing of a plurality of data arriving at the at least one backup element after the second arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal; and
generating a second checkpoint that is indicative of the status of the at least one backup element in suspension.
keeping the at least one backup element in suspension after generation of the second checkpoint;
comparing the second checkpoint with the transmitted first checkpoint;
updating the at least one backup element based on the transmitted first checkpoint if the second checkpoint does not match the transmitted first checkpoint based on a predetermined set of criteria; and
taking the at least one backup element out of suspension.
taking the at least one backup element out of suspension after generation of the second checkpoint;
comparing the second checkpoint with the transmitted first checkpoint; and
reporting an error if the second checkpoint does not match the transmitted first checkpoint based on a predetermined set of criteria.
7. At least one processor readable storage medium for storing a computer program of instructions configured to be readable by at least one processor for instructing the at least one processor to execute a computer process for performing the method as recited in claim 1.
8. A system for synchronizing redundant network elements, the system comprising:
means for transmitting a checkpoint indication signal simultaneously to a primary element and at least one backup element, wherein each of the primary element and the at least one backup element has one or more connections to a network;
means for generating a first checkpoint that is indicative of a first status of the primary element associated with a first arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the primary element;
means for generating a second checkpoint that is indicative of a second status of the at least one backup element associated with a second arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the at least one backup element; and
means for comparing the first checkpoint and the second checkpoint to determine a synchronization between the primary element and the at least one backup element.
9. A method for synchronizing redundant network elements, the method comprising:
receiving at a backup element a checkpoint indication signal;
generating a first checkpoint that is indicative of a status of the backup element associated with an arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the backup element;
receiving a second checkpoint from a primary element that is indicative of a status of the primary element associated with an arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal; and
comparing the first checkpoint and the second checkpoint to determine a synchronization between the primary element and the backup element;
wherein the checkpoint indication signal is transmitted simultaneously to the primary element and the backup element.
10. A system for synchronizing redundant network elements, the system comprising:
means for receiving at a backup element a checkpoint indication signal;
means for generating a first checkpoint that is indicative of a status of the backup element associated with an arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the backup element;
means for receiving a second checkpoint from a primary element that is indicative of a status of the primary element associated with an arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal; and
means for comparing the first checkpoint and the second checkpoint to determine a synchronization between the primary element and the backup element;
11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the checkpoint indication signal is positioned similarly relative to other signals arriving for processing at the primary element and the at least one backup element.
12. The system according to claim 8, wherein the checkpoint indication signal is positioned similarly relative to other signals arriving for processing at the primary element and the at least one backup element.
13. The method according to claim 9, wherein the checkpoint indication signal is positioned similarly relative to other signals arriving for processing at the primary element and the at least one backup element.
14. The system according to claim 10, wherein the checkpoint indication signal is positioned similarly relative to other signals arriving for processing at the primary element and the at least one backup element.
15. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of generating a first checkpoint comprises generating a plurality of first checkpoints that are indicative of a first status of a respective plurality of sessions on the primary element associated with a first arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the primary element, wherein the step of generating a second checkpoint comprises generating a plurality of second checkpoints that are indicative of a second status of a respective plurality of sessions on the at least one backup element associated with a second arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the at least one backup element, and wherein the step of comparing the first checkpoint and the second checkpoint comprises comparing the plurality of first checkpoints and the plurality of second checkpoints to determine a synchronization between the primary element and the backup element.
16. The system according to claim 8, wherein the means for generating a first checkpoint comprises means for generating a plurality of first checkpoints that are indicative of a first status of a respective plurality of sessions on the primary element associated with a first arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the primary element, wherein the means for generating a second checkpoint comprises means for generating a plurality of second checkpoints that are indicative of a second status of a respective plurality of sessions on the at least one backup element associated with a second arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the at least one backup element, and wherein the means for comparing the first checkpoint and the second checkpoint comprises means for comparing the plurality of first checkpoints and the plurality of second checkpoints to determine a synchronization between the primary element and the backup element.
17. The method according to claim 9, wherein the step of generating a first checkpoint comprises generating a plurality of first checkpoints that are indicative of a status of a respective plurality of sessions on the backup element associated with an arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the backup element.
18. The system according to claim 10, wherein the means for generating a first checkpoint comprises means for generating a plurality of first checkpoints that are indicative of a status of a respective plurality of sessions on the backup element associated with an arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the backup element.
generating the checkpoint indication signal periodically. Description
The present invention relates generally to computer and communication networks and, more particularly, to a technique for synchronizing redundant network elements.
In order to achieve high availability of network resources, it is often desirable to configure communication systems with redundant elements, running in synchronization with each other. These redundant network elements, also referred to as “mirrors”, receive the same inputs from outside the system, perform the same processing, and are capable of generating the same outputs. However, typically only one of the mirrors (i.e., “the primary”) has its outputs enabled, while the outputs of the other mirrors (i.e., “the backups”) are suppressed. In the event of a failure of the primary, the outputs of one of the backups may be enabled so that the functions of the primary can be taken over without interruption of network services. This is referred to as a failover.
To ensure proper recovery from network failures of the primary, it is critical for the backups to remain synchronized with the primary. Therefore, it is necessary for the redundant elements to periodically exchange state information (referred to as “checkpoints”) with the primary. This information may be used by each network element to verify that it is still in synchronization with the other elements, and to restore synchronization, if necessary.
Unfortunately, it takes time to create a checkpoint at the primary, transmit it to another element, and process that checkpoint at the destination node. During that time, the receiving node may have continued to receive system inputs and thus its state may no longer match the state recorded in the checkpoint. Reconciling these two states can be a difficult problem, requiring complex and error-prone programming.
Currently, a number of solutions exist for checkpoint synchronization. One obvious approach is to stop the system from accepting new inputs from the time a checkpoint is generated to the time it is processed by the other mirrors. Unfortunately, this solution negatively impacts system responsiveness and makes it vulnerable to new failure modes.
Another approach is to include in the checkpoint an index number that monotonically increases each time a mirror receives and processes new inputs. When a mirror receives a checkpoint, it compares the index number contained in the checkpoint with the current value of its local index number. If the mirror's local value is higher, it discards the checkpoint as obsolete. The primary shortcoming of this approach is that, in the common case where system inputs arrive continuously, most if not all of the checkpoints will have to be discarded.
One brute force solution is to program the checkpoint comparison such that state changes that occur at the receiving node subsequent to the generation of the checkpoint may be factored out and ignored. However, this approach requires extremely careful design and implementation and is susceptible to subtle bugs not detectable in testing. In addition, it may be impossible to implement on certain payload applications.
In view of the foregoing, it would be desirable to provide a solution for checkpoint synchronization which overcomes the above-described inadequacies and shortcomings. More particularly, it would be desirable to provide a technique for synchronizing redundant network elements in an efficient and cost effective manner.
According to the present invention, a technique for synchronizing redundant network elements is provided. In one particular exemplary embodiment, the technique may be realized as a method for synchronizing redundant network elements. The method comprises transmitting a checkpoint indication signal to a primary element and at least one backup element, wherein each of the primary element and the at least one backup element has one or more connections to a network. The method also comprises generating a first checkpoint that is indicative of a first status of the primary element associated with a first arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the primary element. The method further comprises generating a second checkpoint that is indicative of a second status of the at least one backup element associated with a second arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the at least one backup element. The method additionally comprises comparing the first checkpoint and the second checkpoint to determine a synchronization between the primary element and the backup element.
In accordance with one aspect of this particular exemplary embodiment, the checkpoint indication signal may be beneficially transmitted from the primary element, the at least one backup element or a source outside the network.
In accordance with another aspect of this particular exemplary embodiment, the step of generating a first checkpoint may further beneficially comprise identifying a first arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the primary element, finishing processing of any data arriving at the primary element before the first arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal, suspending processing of a plurality of data arriving at the primary element after the first arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal, generating a first checkpoint that is indicative of the status of the primary element in suspension, transmitting the first checkpoint to the at least one backup element, and resuming processing of the plurality of data arriving at the primary element after the first arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal.
In accordance with yet another aspect of this particular exemplary embodiment, the step of generating a second checkpoint may further beneficially comprise identifying a second arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the at least one backup element, finishing processing of any data arriving at the at least one backup element before the second arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal, suspending processing of a plurality of data arriving at the at least one backup element after the second arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal, and generating a second checkpoint that is indicative of the status of the at least one backup element in suspension. In accordance with this aspect, the method may further beneficially comprise keeping the at least one backup element in suspension after generation of the second checkpoint, comparing the second checkpoint with the transmitted first checkpoint, updating the at least one backup element based on the transmitted first checkpoint if the second checkpoint does not match the transmitted first checkpoint based on a predetermined set of criteria, and taking the at least one backup element out of suspension. Alternatively, the method may further beneficially comprise taking the at least one backup element out of suspension after generation of the second checkpoint, comparing the second checkpoint with the transmitted first checkpoint, and reporting an error if the second checkpoint does not match the transmitted first checkpoint based on a predetermined set of criteria.
In accordance with still another exemplary embodiment, the technique may be realized as a system for synchronizing redundant network elements. The system comprises means for transmitting a checkpoint indication signal to a primary element and at least one backup element, wherein each of the primary element and the at least one backup element has one or more connections to a network. The system also comprises means for generating a first checkpoint that is indicative of a first status of the primary element associated with a first arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the primary element. The system further comprises means for generating a second checkpoint that is indicative of a second status of the at least one backup element associated with a second arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the at least one backup element. The system additionally comprises means for comparing the first checkpoint and the second checkpoint to determine a synchronization between the primary element and the backup element.
In accordance with a further exemplary embodiment, the technique may be realized as a method for synchronizing redundant network elements. The method comprises receiving at a backup element a checkpoint indication signal, generating a first checkpoint that is indicative of a status of the backup element associated with an arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the backup element, receiving a second checkpoint from a primary element, and comparing the first checkpoint and the second checkpoint to determine a synchronization between the primary element and the backup element.
In accordance with another exemplary embodiment, the technique may be realized as a system for synchronizing redundant network elements. The system comprises means for receiving at a backup element a checkpoint indication signal, means for generating a first checkpoint that is indicative of a status of the backup element associated with an arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal at the backup element, means for receiving a second checkpoint from a primary element, and means for comparing the first checkpoint and the second checkpoint to determine a synchronization between the primary element and the backup element.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating an exemplary method for synchronizing redundant network elements in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating an exemplary process for generating a checkpoint in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a process for synchronizing a backup element in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating a process for synchronizing a backup element in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary system for synchronizing redundant network elements in accordance with the present invention.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a network may be configured to comprise a primary element and one or more backup elements. The primary element may be a computer, a server, or a content-aware switch/router having one or more connections to the network. In addition, the primary element may be running a payload application that receives input(s) on the one or more network connections, processes the input(s), and generates one or more outputs. The one or more backup elements may have substantially the same hardware and software configurations as the primary element. If running in synchronization, both the backup element(s) and the primary element may see the same inputs and make the same state transitions. However, only the primary element may have its output(s) enabled while the outputs of the backup element(s) may be suppressed during normal operation. Therefore the backup element(s) may be referred to as being redundant of the primary element. As used herein, a “redundant network element” refers to any one of the primary element and its redundant backup elements. For illustrative purpose, a scenario with only one primary element and one backup element will be described herein. It should be appreciated that the inventive concept set forth below is applicable to any number of redundant elements.
Referring to FIG. 1, there is shown a flow chart illustrating an exemplary method for synchronizing redundant network elements in accordance with the present invention.
At step 102, a checkpoint indication signal may be transmitted to the redundant elements in a network.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the checkpoint indication signal may be generated from a source outside the network or by one of the redundant network elements. The checkpoint indication signal may be generated periodically to initiate a check of synchronization between the primary element and the backup element. Or the checkpoint indication signal may be generated upon triggering events. Other variations for the generation of checkpoint indication signals are also possible. The checkpoint indication signal may be a simple triggering signal or a signal packet containing extra information associated with the synchronization process. Regardless of the origin of the checkpoint indication signal, it may be desirable to transmit this signal over a switch fabric or an Ethernet such that the positioning of the signal relative to system input traffic is the same as seen by all the redundant network elements.
At step 104, checkpoints may be generated by the redundant network elements. That is, the primary element and the backup element may each generate its own checkpoint that is indicative of their respective status upon receiving the checkpoint indication signal. A detailed description of the checkpoint generation process will be provided below.
At step 106, the primary element may transmit its checkpoint (“primary checkpoint”) to the backup element.
At step 108, the backup element may compare the primary checkpoint and the checkpoint generated at the backup element (“backup checkpoint”). If these two checkpoints do not match, it may be an indication that the backup element is out of synchronization with the primary element. Depending on the status of the backup element after it generates the backup checkpoint, different actions may be taken by the backup element after comparing the checkpoints. A detailed description of these actions will be provided below.
After the backup element compares the checkpoints and takes appropriate actions, the process ends at step 110.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a checkpoint may also be transmitted to other backup element(s) if more than one backup elements exist. Therefore, the checkpoint comparison may take place at any of the redundant network elements.
Referring to FIG. 2, there is shown a flow chart illustrating an exemplary process for generating a checkpoint in accordance with the present invention. The process step may apply to both a primary element and a backup element unless noted otherwise.
At step 200, a checkpoint indication signal may be received by a network element. An arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal may be identified for use in subsequent steps.
At step 202, a sync point bookmark may be set on the input buffer of the element's network connections based on the arrival time of the checkpoint indication signal. This sync point bookmark may serve to separate the input signals that arrive, on each of the connections, after the checkpoint indication signal from those arriving before the checkpoint indication signal.
At step 204, the network element may continue processing of input data until the sync point bookmarks are reached. As the payload application executes on the network element, it may read input data off each connection using an application programming interface (API). When the API reaches the sync point bookmark on a connection, it may return a sync point indication to the payload application. As can be appreciated by those skilled in the art, step 204 may take place at the same time as steps 200 and 202.
At step 206, when the payload application receives the sync point indication on a connection, it may suspend reading input data from that connection. The subsequently arriving data may be kept in a input buffer or a similar storage device for later use.
At step 208, once the payload application reaches the sync point on all of its connections, it may generate a checkpoint representing its current state. For example, the checkpoint may contain data associated with the internal states and/or connection states of the network element.
At step 210, after a primary element generates its checkpoint, it may resume reading and processing its input data. The buffered input data may now be read and processed as the primary element resumes its normal operation.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the payload application running on the redundant network elements may be divided into a number of independent sessions. Each session may generate its own checkpoint in a similar manner as the payload application. Thus, each independent session on the primary element may synchronize with its corresponding sessions on the backup elements by sending checkpoints for comparison.
As mentioned earlier, the system may be so configured that the backup element may take different actions after it generates its checkpoint. FIGS. 3 and 4 introduce two options to configure the backup element.
Referring to FIG. 3, there is shown a flow chart illustrating a process for synchronizing a backup element in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in step 300, the backup element may be programmed to suspend processing of all inputs on its connections immediately after the sync point bookmarks have been reached on these connections. The input data arriving at the network connections of the backup element will not be discarded. Instead, they may be stored, in the order of their arrivals, in an input buffer or a similar storage device. After generation of the backup checkpoint, the backup element may wait for the primary checkpoint to arrive.
At step 302, the backup element may receive the primary checkpoint that has been generated and transmitted by the primary element.
At step 304 the backup checkpoint may be compared with the primary checkpoint. The information associated with the primary element's state that has been recorded in the primary checkpoint may be extracted and compared with the backup element's state recorded in the backup checkpoint. The comparison may be performed based on a plurality of predetermined criteria. For example, certain global state values from either checkpoint need to be identical in order to declare a match. On the other hand, certain local or node-specific values may not have to be the same. Depending on the information being compared, a partial or substantial match may be sufficient for synchronization purposes while on certain occasions an exact match may be more desirable.
If it is determined that the backup checkpoint does not match the primary checkpoint, then at step 306, the backup element may be updated with the primary checkpoint. That is, the state of the backup element may be overwritten based on the state information recorded in the primary checkpoint. Thus, a synchronization between the backup element and the primary element may be restored.
If it is determined that the backup checkpoint does match the primary checkpoint, then the backup element has been in synchronization with the primary element.
At step 308, the backup element may resume processing inputs that have been buffered since the generation of the backup checkpoint. After a short period of time, the backup element may catch up with the primary element and run in synchronization with it.
Referring to FIG. 4, there is shown a flow chart illustrating a process for synchronizing a backup element in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
As shown at step 400, the backup element may be programmed to resume processing of all inputs on its connections immediately after the backup checkpoint has been generated.
At step 402, the backup element may receive the primary checkpoint that has been generated and transmitted by the primary element.
At step 404, the backup checkpoint may be compared with the primary checkpoint. A match between these two checkpoints may indicate that the backup element has been running in synchronization with the primary element. Therefore, at step 408, the backup element does not have to do anything further.
If, however, that the backup checkpoint does not match the primary checkpoint, then at step 406, the backup element may report an error. Since the backup element has been processing inputs after the generation of its checkpoint, it may not be able to bring itself back into synchronization with the primary element based on the primary checkpoint. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the error signal sent by the backup element may be used to trigger a synchronization restoration process, where another primary checkpoint may be requested while the backup element is put on hold.
Other variations for the backup element's actions after checkpoint generation or comparison also exist.
Referring now to FIG. 5, there is shown a block diagram illustrating an exemplary system for synchronizing redundant network elements in accordance with the present invention.
The exemplary system comprises a Primary Element 500 and Backup Element(s) 502, which are part of a network (partially shown) between End System 508 and End System 510. Backup Element(s) 502 may be physically redundant of Primary Element 500 and may run the same Payload Application 504 as Primary Element 500. The outputs of Primary Element 500 may be enabled while the outputs of Backup Element(s) 502 may be suppressed (shown as grounded) during normal operation. Connection 512 symbolizes the periodic checkpoints that Primary Element 500 may generate and transmit to Backup Element(s) 502 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
At this point it should be noted that the system and method in accordance with the present invention as described above typically involves the processing of input data and the generation of output data to some extent. This input data processing and output data generation may be implemented in hardware or software. For example, specific electronic components may be employed in a computer and/or communications network or similar or related circuitry for implementing the functions associated with synchronizing redundant network elements in accordance with the present invention as described above. Alternatively, one or more processors operating in accordance with stored instructions may implement the functions associated with synchronizing redundant network elements in accordance with the present invention as described above. If such is the case, it is within the scope of the present invention that such instructions may be stored on one or more processor readable carriers (e.g., a magnetic disk), or transmitted to one or more processors via one or more signals.
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Amelia E. Yohe Wentz (1888-1974) - Find A Grave Memorial
Amelia E. Yohe Wentz
Memorial ID 31474935
James Harry Yohe
Rebecca Gaul Yohe
Steel Thomas Barr*
Harold L. Barr*
James E Barr*
Leonard Thomas Barr*
Find A Grave Memorial 31474935
Find A Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com : accessed ), memorial page for Amelia E. Yohe Wentz (4 Feb 1888–10 Jul 1974), Find A Grave Memorial no. 31474935, citing Logan Valley Cemetery, Bellwood, Blair County, Pennsylvania, USA ; Maintained by Sis (contributor 47065891) .
Add Photos for Amelia E. Yohe Wentz
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I thought you might like to see a memorial for Amelia E. Yohe Wentz I found on Findagrave.com.

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Pet-friendly Hotels in Otranto : Find 568 Hotel Deals | Expedia
Pet-friendly Hotels in Otranto Flight only Tab 1 of 3 Hotel only Over 321,000 worldwideTab 2 of 3 selected Flight + Hotel Tab 3 of 3 Search Flights Trip Type RoundtripOne wayMultiple destinationsLeaving fromGoing to Flight 1 Flying fromFlying toDeparting Flight 2 Flying fromFlying toDeparting Flight 3 Flying fromFlying toDeparting Flight 4 Flying fromFlying toDeparting Flight 5 Flying fromFlying toDepartingDepartingReturningAdults (18+)123456Children (0-17)0123456Children under 2 must either sit in laps or in seats.In lapIn seat Advanced optionsNonstopRefundable flightPreferred airlineNo preferenceAdria AirwaysAegeanAer LingusAeroflot-Russian AirlinesAeroGalAerolineas ArgentinasAeromar AirlinesAeromexicoAir AstanaAir BalticAir BotswanaAir BurkinaAir CanadaAir ChinaAir Choice OneAir DolomitiAir EuropaAir FranceAir IndiaAir MadagascarAir MaltaAir MauritiusAir MoldovaAir New ZealandAir OnixAir SerbiaAir Tahiti NuiAir TransatAirAsia with baggageairberlinAirlines of Papua New GuineaAlaska AirlinesAlitaliaAll Nippon AirwaysAmerican AirlinesAserca AirlinesAsiana AirlinesAustrian AirlinesAviancaAvior AirlinesAzerbaijan AirlinesAzulBoliviana De AviacionBoutique AirBritish AirwaysBrussels AirlinesCape AirCaribbean AirlinesCathay PacificCayman AirwaysCemairChina AirlinesChina Eastern AirlinesChina Southern AirlinesCOMAIR LTD.CondorCopaCorsairCzech AirlinesDeltaeasyJetEgyptairEL AL Israel AirlinesEllinairEmiratesEthiopian AirlinesEtihad AirwaysEtihad RegionalEurowingsEVA AirwaysFiji AirwaysFinnairFireflyFly One S.R.L.FlybeFrontier AirlinesGaruda IndonesiaGermanwingsGOL Linhas Aereas InteligentesGreat Lakes AirlinesGulf AirHainan AirlinesHawaiian AirlinesHong Kong AirlinesIberiaIcelandairInsel Air ArubaInsel Air InternationalinterCaribbean AirwaysInterjetJapan AirlinesJet AirwaysJetairflyJetBlue AirwaysKenya AirwaysKLMKorean AirLa CompagnieLACSALao AirlinesLATAM Airlines ArgentinaLATAM Airlines BrasilLATAM Airlines EcuadorLATAM Airlines GroupLATAM Airlines PeruLC PeruLiatLOT-Polish AirlinesLufthansaLuxairMalaysia AirlinesMaya Island AirMeridiana flyMIAT-Mongolian AirlinesMiddle East AirlinesMyanmar Airways InternationalNepal AirlinesNikiNorwegian Air ShuttleOlympic Air with baggageOman AirPacific Coastal AirlinesPakistan International AirlinesPAN AM World Airways DominicanaPascan AviationPegasus AsiaPenAirPeruvian AirlinesPhilippine AirlinesPlus Ultra Lineas Aereas S. A.Porter AirlinesPrecisionAirProflight ZambiaQantas AirwaysQatar AirwaysRavn AlaskaRoyal Air MarocRoyal Brunei AirlinesRoyal JordanianSASSATA International-Azores Airlines S.A.Saudi Arabian AirlinesSeaborne AirlinesSenegal AirlinesShandong AirlinesSilver AirwaysSingapore AirlinesSky AirlinesSolomon AirlinesSouth African AirwaysSouthern AirwaysSpirit AirlinesSriLankan AirlinesSun Air ExpressSurinam AirwaysSwiss International Air LinesTAAG Angola AirlinesTACA AirlinesTACV-Cabo Verde AirlinesTameTAP PortugalTarom-Romanian Air TransportThai Airways InternationalThomas Cook AirlinesTigerair Australia with BagTigerair Singapore with BagTigerair TaiwanTigerair Taiwan without bagTradewind AviationTransaero AirlinesTropic AirTurkish AirlinesUnitedUral AirlinesUtair AviationUzbekistan AirwaysViaAirVietnam AirlinesVirgin AmericaVirgin AtlanticVirgin AustraliaVision AirlinesVistaraVivaAerobusVolarisWestJetWindward Island Airways InternationalWOW airXiamen AirlinesXL AirwaysPreferred classFirst ClassBusinessEconomyPremium EconomySearch {{{adultSelectField}}} {{{childrenSelectField}}} Age<11234567891011121314151617 Otranto Hotels DestinationCheck-inCheck-outRooms123456789+Adults (18+)1234567891011121314Children (0-17)0123456 Room 1 Search12345678910111213140123456Age<11234567891011121314151617 Search Flight + Hotel Leaving fromGoing toDepartingReturningRooms123Adults (18+)123456Children (0-17)0123456 Room 1 Children under 2 must either sit in laps or in seats.In lapIn seatI only need a hotel for part of my tripCheck-inCheck-out Advanced optionsPreferred classFirst ClassBusinessEconomyPremium EconomySearchPlease correct the errors below. {{#if showGenericError}}Please complete the highlighted fields below.{{/if}} {{#each errors}} {{this}} {{/each}} Search 321,000 hotels worldwide.
Expedia.com • Hotels • Italy • Puglia • Otranto • Otranto • Pet-friendly Hotels
Featured Otranto Pet-friendly Hotels
See all 568 Hotels in Otranto Hotel Resort Mulino a VentoHotel Resort Mulino a Vento Via Porto Badisco, Uggiano la Chiesa 3.0 out of 5.04.8 out of 5 (9 reviews) Hide review Great base to explore from and relax in.We had a memorable holiday in Beautiful Salento. Warm friendly people, at the Hotel and most of the places we went to, and lots of lovely and interesting places to visit close at hand. Otranto is about 10 mins drive from the Hotel and it's a really atmospheric little Town that you don't tire of. ... Jul 26, 2014$108$108Hotel MinervaHotel Minerva Via Pioppi 46, Otranto 3.0 out of 5.04.0 out of 5 (2 reviews) $92$92Dolmen Sport ResortDolmen Sport Resort Strada Provinciale Uggiano- Loc. Lame, Minervino di Lecce 4.0 out of 5.04.0 out of 5 (1 reviews) $96$96Hotel SolaraHotel Solara Villaggio Conca Specchiulla - Litoranea, Otranto 3.0 out of 5.04.0 out of 5 (6 reviews) $84$84
Map Pocket Guide: Pet-friendly Hotels in OtrantoSearch for hotels in Otranto on Expedia. You can easily find your hotels in Otranto using one of the methods below:View our selection of featured hotels in OtrantoUse the map to find hotels in the Otranto neighborhood you preferUse the filters to see hotels in a specific area of Otranto, select a specific theme, brand, or hotel class from basic (1 Star) to luxury hotels (5 Stars) in OtrantoEnter your travel dates to view the best deals on hotels in Otranto - while they last

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Genuine -18K gold plated chain / 12 inch long / emerald fashion /plus size ankle bracelet
Long Emerald Earrings Green in the gradient

value: This website is an American e-commerce company focused on handmade or vintage items and craft supplies.


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BBB Business Profile | Off Shore Air Inc
Home > Hawaii > Waikoloa > Air Conditioning Contractor > Off Shore Air Inc
(808) 557-7695
68-1943 Lina Poepoe St
Waikoloa, HI 96738-5427
(808) 557-7424
Business Incorporated: 01/30/2006 in HI
Mr. Douglas W Jones, President
Jyness Jones, Vice President
Factors that affect the rating for Off Shore Air Inc include:

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Top Reviewer Ranking: 4,839,776
4.0 out of 5 stars fun and interesting toy!, 23 May 2014
Cute and simple to play. It just took a few days for my 1yr old to play "own her own", but she really likes it. Specially if I make "sound effects" as they pop up in the air! Lots of laugh! I am not giving 5 stars as my husband wanted to clean it (with alcohol) and paint went off on his hands (but it doesn't happen on her mouth though!). Also I would prefer it to have a larger base, 'cause it is somewhat unstable when we use it not directly on the flor. Now I am teaching her to match the right colors and she is learning fast! Great wooden toy, for such cheap price and lovely design!
Little Blue Lamb Baby Girls Infant Soft Leather Shoes White 12-18 Months
3.0 out of 5 stars beautiful but large shape, 23 May 2014
This review is from: Little Blue Lamb Baby Girls Infant Soft Leather Shoes White (Apparel)
I like these shoes very much as they are cute and soft, but they have a strange shape. For the length it is a bit big, but ok (around 12,5 cm as they say), but the thing is that they are very large on sides! It could be good for chubby feet, but my daughter has it rather narrow so didn't fit as good as I expected.
3.0 out of 5 stars Expected more..., 13 Nov. 2012
I was very excited about buying this product, specially after reading good reviews, but although I am very happy to being able to listen to my baby's heartbeat, I must say I was kinda disappointed with the product. The sound quality is not great and when trying to record (only on PC, cell phone didn't work), the sound is terrible, almost can't recognize it! :-( . I don't know if my product has some problem, or it is just like this! Being that I payed not much, I can still consider myself satisfied.

value: This website is an American multinational technology company which focuses on e-commerce, cloud computing, digital streaming, and artificial intelligence.


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Xinlei Li - Semantic Scholar
Hengfu Yin12
10Aaron Elbourne
10A. Manimaran
10Amanjot Kaur
10Jitender Sharma
Xinlei Li, Zhen-zhong Jiang, +4 authors Isao Kusakabe
A xylanase purified from the thermophilic fungus Thermomyces lanuginosus CBS 288.54 was characterized and its potential application in wheat straw pulp biobleaching was evaluated. Xylanase was… (More)
Bi-parameter CGM model for approximation of a-stable PDF
Xinlei Li, J. Sun, L. W. Jin, M. Liu
Introduction: The non-Gaussian noise in the practical world can be well characterised by its impulsive nature. Typical impulsive interference may include atmospheric noise, ambient acoustic noise and… (More)
Zhen-zhong Jiang, Xinlei Li, S. Q. Yang, L. T. Li, Y. Li, Wenyi Feng
Aliakbar Taherian, Xinlei Li, Yongqing Liu, Thomas A. Haas
Integrins are used as prognostic indicators in breast cancer. Following engagement with extracellular matrix proteins, their signaling influences numerous cellular processes including migration,… (More)
Jiangang Wang, Y. C. Tung, Y Wang, Xinlei Li, K. Iqbal, Inge Grundke-Iqbal
Bingjun Pan, Fan Wei Meng, +7 authors Yuxin Sun
Removal of many organic pollutants including phenolic compounds from industrial wastewater can always be achieved by fixed-bed adsorption onto the polymeric resin adsorbent, and the relevant… (More)
Origin of nanohole formation by etching based on droplet epitaxy.
Xinlei Li, Jiang Wu, +4 authors Gregory J. Salamo
Creating and manipulating materials at the nanoscale with controllable size, shape and nucleation site is an important task to meet the urgent demands for quantum structures with designed properties.… (More)
Enhancement and suppression effects of a nanopatterned surface on bacterial adhesion.
Xinlei Li, Tong-sheng Chen
We present a quantitative thermodynamic model to elucidate the effects of a nanopatterned surface on bacterial adhesion. Based on the established model, we studied the equilibrium state of rodlike… (More)
Huidong Liu, Yanmei Yang, +5 authors Fengmin Zhang
Lymphangiogenesis is thought to be essential for cancer progression, making it an important target in cancer therapy. Lymphangiogenic factors (VEGF-C and VEGF-D) are upregulated in various… (More)
Feng Zhang, Xun Wang, +5 authors Xueying Sun
Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (HIR) injury is an unavoidable consequence of major liver surgery, during which endotoxemia often takes place. This study aimed to investigate whether matrine has a… (More)

value: This website is an artificial-intelligence backed search engine for academic publications developed at the Allen Institute for AI and publicly released in November 2015. It uses advances in natural language processing to provide summaries for scholarly papers.


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Top 10 Hotels in Augusta, Missouri | Hotels.comEnglish (United States)Book online or call 800-246-8357This call is free. 24 hours a day; 7 days a week.HotelsHotel DealsPackages & FlightsGroupsGift CardsHelpWebsite feedbackSign in & AccountSign inCreate an accountYour bookingsReview a hotelHotels.com® RewardsYour bookingsHotelsHotels in United States of AmericaHotels in MissouriAugusta HotelsHotels in Augusta, MissouriSearch & Compare Augusta HotelsCity, landmark, hotel name, address or zip codeCheck inCheck out I don’t know my datesRooms123456789+Room 1:Adults12345678Aged 18+Children01230-17Age at check in:Child 1:-?-<11234567891011121314151617Show dealsGet Secret Prices on select hotelsThese prices aren’t available to everyone.Unlock nowTrending now in AugustaHotels in AugustaMost bookedBest Western Plus Washington HotelExcellent 4.5 / 5( 56 genuine reviews )Hotels.com® RewardsFor every 10 nights, get 1 free! 68 people looked at this hotel in the last hourMost recent review"Very nice room with great bed, roomy, good coffee maker, good breakfast. The only minus was big fat flies in the room that seemed to come in somewhere and increase in number."A Traveller, Nov 2016, USSuper 8 WashingtonExcellent 4.0 / 5( 75 genuine reviews )Hotels.com® RewardsFor every 10 nights, get 1 free! 12 people looked at this hotel in the last hourMost recent review"The room was fine but a representative told Hotels.com that they would only charge us for one night (we couldn't get there in time for the first night of our reservation and I called a few hours too late), which was all we stayed. But we were charged for two nights anyway. However, I have high pr..."A Traveller, Dec 2016, USDeBourge GuesthouseExcellent 4.3 / 5( 4 genuine reviews )Hotels.com® RewardsFor every 10 nights, get 1 free! 8 people looked at this hotel in the last hourMost recent review"Can't say enough about our 2 night stay with David & Bridgett---perfect hosts and great little B & B. We've never seen a cleaner place, both bedroom and common living areas. We will return......."A Traveller, Jun 2016, USHotels within 15 miles of AugustaComfort Inn & Suites St. Louis - ChesterfieldGood 3.8 / 5( 172 genuine reviews )Hotels.com® RewardsFor every 10 nights, get 1 free! 683 people looked at this hotel in the last hourMost recent review"Good location for shopping local (3) outlet malls."A Traveller, Dec 2016, USHoliday Inn Express St. Louis West - O'FallonExcellent 4.0 / 5( 93 genuine reviews )Hotels.com® RewardsFor every 10 nights, get 1 free! 361 people looked at this hotel in the last hourMost recent review"We had a king non-smoking room. Bed was very comfortable. I really liked the soft bathroom towels: that was really a treat! And, the breakfast was good - the cinnamon rolls were awesome. "A Traveller, Oct 2016, USThe Wildwood Hotel, BW Premier CollectionExcellent 4.5 / 5( 1,309 genuine reviews )Hotels.com® RewardsFor every 10 nights, get 1 free! 173 people looked at this hotel in the last hourMost recent review"It was very nice except for a 4 am fire alarm! We left our room quickly and went to the lobby to be told it was a false alarm, thankfully. Just was hard to get back to sleep after that unfortunately."A Traveller, Dec 2016, USHoliday Inn St. Louis West Six FlagsGood 3.9 / 5( 177 genuine reviews )Hotels.com® RewardsFor every 10 nights, get 1 free! 47 people looked at this hotel in the last hourMost recent review"The staff were nice. The property is conveniently positioned at the entrance of Six Flags St. Louis & they run trolleys back and forth between the park & the hotel. We were told after booking that they had a kitchen fire so no food was available on site. I didn't include that in my ratings, but i..."A Traveller, Oct 2016, USWingate by Wyndham St. Charles MOExcellent 4.3 / 5( 496 genuine reviews )Hotels.com® RewardsFor every 10 nights, get 1 free! 26 people looked at this hotel in the last hourMost recent review"We had a lovely stay at the Wingate. The room was clean and comfortable, and all the staff we encountered were cheerful and helpful. Breakfast was nice and the hotel had excellent amenities. Wifi worked well and this is the only hotel in the area with a hot tub. Their laundry facility was clean ..."A Traveller, Dec 2016, USStaybridge Suites O'Fallon ChesterfieldExcellent 4.4 / 5( 26 genuine reviews )Hotels.com® RewardsFor every 10 nights, get 1 free! 21 people looked at this hotel in the last hourMost recent review"The fold out sofa had horrible support back or the seat we had to get other pillows from the other rooms to use as support. And when I opened the large closet there was already dirty towels in there. Got a little sick of the Omelets all the time. The little triangles of poppyseed bread were old a..."A Traveller, May 2016, USFairfield Inn & Suites WentzvilleOutstanding 4.7 / 5( 155 genuine reviews )Hotels.com® RewardsFor every 10 nights, get 1 free! 20 people looked at this hotel in the last hourMost recent review"Hubby and I checked in on Wednesday during Thanksgiving week for 3 nights. Check in was quick and staff is always friendly. Fresh hot coffee always brewing at the lobby. We enjoyed the spacious King Suite with sitting area. Lots of space and what a nice surprise that the room had 2 tvs! Very clea..."S, Dec 2016, USResidence Inn by Marriott O'FallonExcellent 4.4 / 5( 98 genuine reviews )Hotels.com® RewardsFor every 10 nights, get 1 free! 18 people looked at this hotel in the last hourMost recent review"Great hotel in a great location. Close to many stores and restaurants. clean, very comfortable with good breakfast. Im very picky, but I'm never disappointed at Residence Inn."G, Dec 2016, USSuper 8 Eureka/Six Flags NearbyFair 2.7 / 5( 223 genuine reviews )Hotels.com® RewardsFor every 10 nights, get 1 free! 13 people looked at this hotel in the last hourMost recent review"Very pleasant staff and surprisingly quiet considering its promiscuity to the freeway."S, Nov 2016, USHilton Garden Inn St. Louis/O'FallonExcellent 4.2 / 5( 162 genuine reviews )Hotels.com® RewardsFor every 10 nights, get 1 free! 13 people looked at this hotel in the last hourMost recent review"Great hotel, clean, friendly staff. They have coffee, hot tea, hot cocoa and water as you enter the lobby. This was great after a cold day outdoors. Comfortable room and bed with ample pillows for the bed. Would definitely stay there again. Close to the freeway but very quiet."A Traveller, Nov 2016, USSuper 8 WentzvilleGood 3.5 / 5( 70 genuine reviews )Hotels.com® RewardsFor every 10 nights, get 1 free! 13 people looked at this hotel in the last hourMost recent review"Great stay but the only issue I had was a slow WiFi."A Traveller, Oct 2016, USComfort Inn Near Six Flags St. LouisExcellent 4.3 / 5( 99 genuine reviews )Hotels.com® RewardsFor every 10 nights, get 1 free! 12 people looked at this hotel in the last hourMost recent review"We had stayed in the same area at a different hotel and decided to try this one. While the hotel's were similarly priced, this one was far better than the other. There was both a fridge and microwave, which the other had neither. While the foods served for breakfast were similar, this hotel had a..."A Traveller, Dec 2016, USRamada WentzvilleFair 2.7 / 5( 125 genuine reviews )Hotels.com® RewardsFor every 10 nights, get 1 free! 12 people looked at this hotel in the last hourMost recent review"Great stay. Room was clean and comfortable. Bathroom had cigarette burn on it and no TP holder but otherwise great. "H, Sep 2016, USQuality Inn Near Six Flags St. LouisGood 3.9 / 5( 28 genuine reviews )Hotels.com® RewardsFor every 10 nights, get 1 free! 11 people looked at this hotel in the last hourMost recent review"Nice place to stop on road trip. Clean room and firm mattresses. Breakfast good, but no bacon or sausage to go with eggs and biscuits. Housekeeping great. Maid ran out to car to return items left in room on departure! In most of remodeling. Would stay there again."A Traveller, Nov 2016, USSuper 8 Union MissouriGood 3.9 / 5( 57 genuine reviews )Hotels.com® RewardsFor every 10 nights, get 1 free! 9 people looked at this hotel in the last hourMost recent review"Everything was great except that the A/C/heat unit did't work well at all. The ac came on for 5 minutes and went off and i coulf never get it to cone back on. The heat would only work on low."A Traveller, Nov 2016, USEconomy Inn WentzvilleFair 2.6 / 5( 37 genuine reviews )Hotels.com® RewardsFor every 10 nights, get 1 free! 9 people looked at this hotel in the last hourMost recent review"We had such a good experience we will definitely stay there again when we travel to St. Louis. The room exceeded our expectations given the price for the room. The room was comfortable, clean, and nicely decorated. We were very nicely surprised that our room had an iron, microwave, and small f..."A Traveller, Nov 2016, USBudget Inn WentzvilleFair 2.7 / 5( 27 genuine reviews )Hotels.com® RewardsFor every 10 nights, get 1 free! 8 people looked at this hotel in the last hourMost recent review"The room was clean and there was a small pool in the lobby. I can't complain for the price I think it was a great deal."A Traveller, Jun 2014, USSee more hotels in Augusta, MissouriRecently bookedSleep Inn and Suites2 starsfrom $69Best Western Plus Washington Hotel2.5 starsfrom $114Fairfield Inn & Suites Wentzville2.5 starsfrom $94Comfort Inn & Suites St. Louis - Chesterfield2.5 starsfrom $84Wingate by Wyndham St. Charles MO3 starsfrom $78Pay now or later on most roomsFree cancellation on most roomsPrice GuaranteeBest hotels in AugustaWith hotels.com we help you find the best hotels in Augusta, Missouri.
For every hotel in Augusta Missouri we provide:
To make the most of our service, download our mobile & tablet apps and sign up to our newsletter or follow us on Facebook, Google+ or Twitter to receive the latest deals and Hotels.com Augusta discount codes.See more hotels in Augusta, MissouriChoose one of the following to unlock Secret Prices and pay less on select hotels.EmailSign up for our latest offersHotels.com appDownload the app and book on the goHotels.com® RewardsJoin now to collect 10 nights, get 1 free*Top DestinationsHotels in New York, New YorkHotels in Las Vegas, NevadaHotels in Chicago, IllinoisHotels in San Francisco, CaliforniaHotels in Washington, District of ColumbiaHotels in Boston, MassachusettsHotels in San Diego, CaliforniaHotels in Orlando, FloridaHotels in London, United KingdomHotels in New Orleans, LouisianaHotels in Los Angeles, CaliforniaHotels in San Antonio, TexasHotels in Paris, FranceHotels in Seattle, WashingtonHotels in Atlanta, GeorgiaHotels in Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaHotels in Austin, TexasHotels in Atlantic City, New JerseyHotels in Rome, ItalyHotels in Myrtle Beach, South CarolinaHotels in Dallas, TexasHotels in Houston, TexasHotels in Denver, ColoradoHotels in Miami, FloridaSupport & FAQsYour bookingsFAQsContact usWebsite feedbackReview a hotelFor Suppliers, Affiliates and the MediaAdd HotelAffiliate with usPrivate LabelPromote with UsTravel AgentsPress OfficeUser Terms and Privacy PolicyTerms & ConditionsPrivacy PolicyCookie PolicyAbout our adsAbout UsJobsTravel GuidesTop 50 CitiesAll countriesAll hotelsSite index© 2017 Hotels.com, L.P. All rights reserved.Hotels.com and the Hotels.com logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Hotels.com, LP in the U.S. and/or other countries. All other trademarks are property of their respective owners.* Learn more about Hotels.com® RewardsABOUT SSL CERTIFICATES

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Soobum Im/USA TODAY SportsTaylor: It's now or never for Dallas Mavericks' defenseDallas Mavericks351dJean-Jacques TaylorFacing elimination in Game 6 against the San Antonio Spurs, the Mavericks need to put for the effort on defense that coach Rick Carlisle has been demanding.
Play1:59Rose stars in playoff return as Bulls top BucksChicago Bulls Milwaukee Bucks38mDerrick Rose scored 23 in his first playoff game in three years, and Jimmy Butler scored a team-high 25 for the Chicago Bulls in a playoff-opening win over the Milwaukee Bucks.
It's now or never for Mavs' defense5/2/2014 - NBA Dirk Nowitzki Dallas Mavericks San Antonio Spurs + more0 SharesEmailCommentSoobum Im/USA TODAY Sports
Jean-Jacques Taylor, ESPNDallas.com CloseJean-Jacques Taylor joined ESPNDallas.com in August 2011. A native of Dallas, Taylor spent the past 20 years writing for The Dallas Morning News, where he covered high schools sports, the Texas Rangers and spent 11 seasons covering the Dallas Cowboys before becoming a general columnist in 2006.Follow on Twitter0 SharesEmailPrintCommentDALLAS -- No one expects the Dallas Mavericks to be a good defensive team. No team that starts Jose Calderon, Dirk Nowitzki and Monta Ellis relies on its defensive prowess.But the Mavs can play much better defense than we've seen in the past three games against the San Antonio Spurs. Don't scoff -- we saw them do it in the first two games of this Western Conference quarterfinal series.To do so, the Mavs need to play with more tenacity. And more effort. And more desperation.Tim Duncan and the Spurs' front line have benefited from the Mavericks' focus on defending the perimeter. AP Photo/Tony GutierrezIf the Mavs want to force Game 7 with a victory Friday night at home, they must have these things. Coach Rick Carlisle says he believes they will, even though he has been talking about it nonstop for the past three games and his team has yet to respond."There are just things we're going to have to do better in Game 6 that are all about guts and digging down," Carlisle said. "We can do it, and we will do it."I know things about our guys. I have a great belief in them."They've really been battling three months just to make the playoffs. We've been in more big, meaningful games with true playoff ramifications than just about any other team except Phoenix and Memphis."We've been down this road. We've had a lot of difficult losses and we always find a way to bounce back, and that's what we're going to do in Game 6."While Calderon, Nowitzki and Ellis aren't good individual defenders, the Mavericks are capable of playing good team defense when they adhere to the principles Carlisle and defensive coordinator Monte Mathis have put in place.San Antonio finished with the NBA's best record because it takes a simple approach offensively.Tim Duncan scores in the post and Tony Parker consistently maneuvers into the lane, where he can hit an array of floaters and driving layups. And if you choose to double-team Duncan, he's good at moving the ball to catch-and-shoot specialists such as Danny Green and Kawhi Leonard.Manu Ginobili is also adept at driving -- when he's not hanging around the 3-point line, where he excels at hitting the long-range shot.Among the reasons the Spurs swept the Mavs in the regular season is that they hit 42 3-pointers in four games against Dallas -- including a combined 26 in the final two regular-season meetings.Wow.Now you know why the Spurs are dominating inside in this series. The Mavs don't want to give up uncontested 3-pointers, even if it means Duncan and Tiago Splitter score rather easily inside because they're getting one-on-one matchups.You can't stop everything, and giving up two points is better than giving up three. San Antonio has made 32 of 88 3-pointers in the series.When the Mavs' rotations are crisp and they pay attention to detail, their defense is good enough to ignite their offense, which is what this is really all about. The Mavs have to play good enough defense to get into transition and attack San Antonio's defense before it can set up.Any coach will tell you that so much of defense is about effort. By way of illustration, Carlisle pointed out that, in the team-specific stats the Mavs keep, defensive deflections have been subpar the past three games.And as Nowitzki said, forcing only six turnovers against the Spurs in Game 5 is a joke. The Mavs simply aren't going to beat this team too many times when giving up 109 points.In the past three games, the Spurs have had five 30-point quarters. They had none in the first two games."They really want us to have two or three guys in the paint," Nowitzki said. "That's how they killed us in the regular season, when we gave up 15, 16, 17 3s. It's no secret, obviously, we're trying to stay home more. They've figured it out the last couple games, and we'll see what happens in Game 6."We'll watch the film, and if we need to adjust, we'll adjust. But we have to have more energy about our defense. We have to be the more desperate team if we want to win."Carlisle has been saying that for three games. It's time for the players to respond.

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House Of Grace in Brownsville, TX with Reviews - YP.com
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The ITC Utilities Acid Test - Bloomberg Gadfly
Americas+1 212 318 2000EMEA+44 20 7330 7500Asia Pacific+65 6212 1000 MENU About The Company Bloomberg London Homepage Markets Stocks Currencies Commodities Rates + Bonds Economics Magazine Benchmark Watchlist Economic Calendar Tech U.S. Global Startups Bloomberg Technology TV Gadgets With Gurman Digital Defense Studio 1.0 Focus On: Infrastructure Pursuits Cars & Bikes Style & Grooming Spend Watches & Gadgets Food & Drinks Travel Real Estate Art & Design Brilliant Ideas Politics Global Risk Briefing How We’ll Know if Trump Is Making America Great Again Tracking Trump’s Web of Conflicts GOP’s Health Plan: Tracking Key Changes One Amendment at a Time Kim Jong Un’s Big Nuclear Push Is Closing In on America Opinion View Gadfly Businessweek Latest Issue Debrief Podcast Subscribe More Climate Changed Video Series: Ventures Graphics Billionaires Game Plan Small Business Personal Finance Inspire GO The David Rubenstein Show Sponsored Content Sign In Sign In Subscribe to Businessweek The ITC Utilities Acid Test
Dec 3, 2015 12:57 PM EST
ITC Holdings suddenly fancies itself the blushing bride. Unlike most weddings, though, if this one comes off investors should train their eyes on the groom.ITC's stock jumped on this week's surprise announcement that it may sell itself. While any deal wouldn't be a shotgun wedding per se, let's just say ITC probably would prefer to dispense with a long engagement. As Bloomberg Gadfly's Gillian Tan wrote earlier this week, ITC's announcement comes amid a boom in utility M&A, with recent deals being done at high premiums.U.S. Utilities M&A, Past 2 Years$127.4 billionIf giddy valuations provide the pull, ITC's own problems provide the push. Prior to this week, its stock had fallen by 16.5 percent in 2015, lagging behind an already sickly utilities sector. The pure-play electricity transmission company has missed consensus earnings estimates in each of the past four quarters, according to numbers compiled by Bloomberg.
Moreover, one of ITC's big selling points -- the promise of double-digit earnings growth -- has come under question. Customer complaints have sparked a review by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission that could reduce ITC's allowed return on equity, with a final decision not due for about another year. ITC's development pipeline is looking murkier, with the company saying in July that lack of clarity on regulation would likely cause some projects to be "back-end loaded." Analysts are unusually divided in their estimates. The top forecast for 2016 earnings per share is about 25 percent higher than the lowest one, Bloomberg data show. Compare that with, say, Duke Energy, where the gap is about 8 percent. That ITC is now openly contemplating a sale suggests the doubts may have something to them.Which is why any ITC deal will provide a useful litmus test for the utility sector overall.Two big recent deals in the sector -- Duke Energy's acquisition of Piedmont Natural Gas and Southern Co.'s purchase of AGL Resources -- are the canaries in this particular coal mine. Both involved largely loading up on cheap debt to pay a big premium for growth. Duke, in particular, paid 29 times estimated 2017 earnings for Piedmont, putting that gas company's multiple on a par with Twitter's.Why pay social-media multiples for decidedly old-economy pipeline operators? Utilities traditionally make money by persuading regulators to let them invest in new power plants and networks, earning a decent, agreed return on equity on that investment. EPS growth is thus largely a function of how high your capital expenditure is. The problem is that U.S. electricity sales have stalled out since 2007 because of the recession, measures to enhance energy efficiency and, at the margin, the growing popularity of distributed power like residential solar panels.
U.S. electricity consumption isn't growing
"If your growth depends on spending on plants, that's not happening anymore," says Greg Gordon, chief utilities analyst at Evercore ISI. Hence the push by the likes of Duke and Southern to take advantage of cheap debt to buy into a faster-growing business like gas distribution to boost earnings.On that basis, it is possible that a big utility could be tempted to pay up for ITC. Assuming a 40 percent premium to the company's 90-day volume-weighted average price of $33.12 prior to its announcement, ITC's price tag would be roughly $11.5 billion, including the assumption of its existing net debt. Using the consensus estimate of $766 million of Ebit in 2017, and assuming a 4 percent rate on the acquisition debt and a tax rate of 35 percent, incremental net income for an acquirer would come to roughly $200 million.Imagine Duke was the buyer (there is no indication it is, so this is for illustrative purposes only). Adjusted for the impact of the Piedmont deal (my colleague Brooke Sutherland and I laid out the math on that one here), Duke's implied EPS in 2017 is $5.18 with ITC under its belt, 4 percent above the current consensus forecast.Ah, the joys of cheap debt and earnings accretion -- analysts up and down Wall Street are running screens as to which small-ish utility will get taken out next. The thing is, though, cheap debt is still debt. Buying Piedmont already would push Duke's pro-forma net debt to estimated 2017 Ebitda from less than 4 times to about 4.3 times. Buying ITC at a 40 percent premium would raise that above 5 times, which would likely pique the interest of credit-rating firms. And every 0.5 percent addition to the cost of acquisition debt would knock almost a fifth off the extra net income coming in the door -- which is uncertain anyway, given ITC's challenges.Besides the math, the bigger problem with a utility paying up for ITC is the signal it would send. Duke has underperformed the sector and lost $5.3 billion in value since it announced its deal to buy Piedmont -- for $4.8 billion. Duke Rebuke
Duke Energy's value has fallen by 10 percent since the Piedmont deal was announced
The market doesn't seem to necessarily relish earnings growth at any price. Indeed, it has to be asked why traditional utilities promise earnings growth rates in the mid-single digits -- roughly twice the growth rate of the economy -- when demand for grid-delivered electricity seems to have topped out. One somewhat analogous situation concerns the master limited partnerships sector, which has long promised very high dividend growth rates. Those stocks have been hammered in recent months as investors have questioned whether the underlying businesses support such promises with oil at $40 a barrel, and companies have begun showing the strain by cutting guidance or resorting to creative finance to cover their cash obligations.The utilities aren't in such straits. But the point is whether it really makes sense to maintain such growth targets if it requires leveraging up the balance sheet to reward the shareholders of target companies with tech-like takeout premiums. Regulators, too, ought to be questioning the wisdom of this when they are considering utilities' investment plans.ITC may yet get a big premium, especially if it ends up being bought by, say, an infrastructure fund. If a traditional utility buys it instead, it will offer a further reason as to why the pursuit of growth should be turning investors off, not onto, the sector.This column does not necessarily reflect the opinion of Bloomberg LP and its owners.

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P. 1Vegan Babies & ChildrenVegan Babies & ChildrenRatings: (0)|Views: 937
|Likes: 11Published by Vegan FutureA dietary guide, including pre-conception and pregnancyThanks to the Vegan Society for this invaluable guideHelp the Vegan Society spread the word about the positive, compassionate vegan diet. Make a donation today at http://www.vegansociety.com[Click on Support our Work]A dietary guide, including pre-conception and pregnancyThanks to the Vegan Society for this invaluable guideHelp the Vegan Society spread the word about the positive, compassionate vegan diet. Make a donation today at http://www.vegansociety.com[Click on Support our Work]More info:Categories:Types, Instruction manualsPublished by: Vegan Future on Dec 19, 2009Copyright:Attribution Non-commercialAvailability:Read on Scribd mobile: iPhone, iPad and Android.download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from ScribdFlag for inappropriate content|Add to collectionSee moreSee lesshttp://www.scribd.com/doc/24298947/Vegan-Babies-Children06/02/2013pdftextoriginal VEGAN BABIES & CHILDREN
Compiled by:The Vegan SocietyDonald Watson House21 Hylton StreetHockleyBirminghamB18 6HJTel: 0121 523 1730Fax: 0121 523 1749info@vegansociety.comwww.vegansociety.com FOREWORDThe Vegan Diet - Healthy For All Ages
"In my role as a practising State Registered Dietitian, I wholeheartedlyrecommend a vegan diet for all ages including babies and children. This bookletshows that a vegan diet can be a good healthy option for everyone wishing toavoid animal suffering, for the dairy intolerant, or for those that simply want toprovide the correct healthy diet for their family."Sandra HoodState Registered DietitianVegan for 32 years
INTRODUCTIONA Healthy Diet For Life
Well-planned plant-based diets can support healthy lifestyles at every age, frompre-parenthood, through pregnancy and breast-feeding, childhood andadulthood, and on into later years.
Your diet during pregnancy and that of your infant during the first year of life canaffect your childs health 40, 50 or even 60 years later. It is therefore of utmostimportance that during pregnancy you and your baby are provided with goodnutrition. During pregnancy you will require extra nutrition to support your growing foetus and to allow for changes in your body.
Several studies have examined the nutrient intakes of vegan children. One studyof British school-age children published in the
in 1992 found that vegan children had higher intakes of fibre, and thatintakes of all vitamins and minerals studied (with the exception of calcium) werecomparable with those of meat-eating children. Vegan pre-schoolers in the USwere found to have generous intakes of protein, vitamins and minerals, and their diets exceeded recommended intakes for all nutrients studied with the exceptionof calcium. Finally, vegan children have been shown to have lower intakes of fat,saturated fat and cholesterol than non-vegetarian children.The study showing lower calcium intakes by vegan pre-schoolers was conductedbefore calcium-fortified products were readily available, so calcium intakes of vegan children may be higher now. Calcium is important for bone development.Around 45% of adult bone mass is accrued before 8 years of age, another 45%is added between 8-16 years of age, and a further 10% accumulates in the nextdecade. Given the importance of calcium intake during childhood, all parentsshould ensure that their children’s diets contain calcium-rich foods and meetcurrent recommendations for calcium for their age group.Reports in the medical press of vegan infants suffering protein and energydeficiencies are extremely rare. In some instances infants were weaned ontopoorly planned fruitarian or macrobiotic regimes rather than vegan diets. In other cases parents had not adopted veganism but instead had eliminated foods fromtheir infants' diets on a piecemeal basis and without seeking proper advice.It is believed that the foundations for many chronic diseases of adulthood havetheir beginnings in childhood. For instance, processes initiating atherosclerosisand high blood pressure are thought to start very early in life, and blood pressureand cholesterol levels have been shown to track from early childhood and to berelated to childhood nutrient intakes. Body mass also tracks from earlychildhood, with obese children being at an increased risk of obesity in adulthood.Vegan diets may introduce children to a greater variety of whole plant foods,thus establishing healthful lifelong eating habits.
Activity (14)FiltersAdd to collectionReview Add NoteLikeShowingAllMost RecentLikesYou've already reviewed this. Edit your review.Rating 0/5Post notePost reviewPost replyPost note and like1 thousand reads1 hundred readsVegan Future liked thisAllSentientBeings liked thisTomás Villalobos liked thisfriendsfornow liked thissiddha botanist liked thisMarjana Km liked thisAmila Amarasinghe liked thisLoad more

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Scrum Master job - SUBWAY - Milford, CT | Indeed.com
The Scrum Master position organizes and facilitates project planning, daily stand-up meetings, reviews, retrospectives, sprint and release planning, demos and other Scrum-related meetings. Position duties include:
Serve as liaison between technical and non-technical departments. Communicate with other management, developers, product owners and technical support specialists on product issues.
Organize and facilitate project planning, daily stand-up meetings, reviews, retrospectives, sprint and release planning, demos and other Scrum-related meetings. Track and communicate team velocity and sprint/release progress. Maintain process documentation. Ensure the development teams are practicing the core agile principles of collaboration, prioritization, team accountability, and visibility.
Assist as needed with backlog maintenance. Assist with internal and external communication, improving transparency, and radiating information. Assist with prioritization and resolution of defects / bugs.
Participate proactively in developing and maintaining team standards, tools, and best practices. Identify and remove impediments, prevents distractions and other obstacles to success. Facilitate discussion and conflict resolution. Empower the team to self-organize.
BA/BS in computer science or related engineering field and/or 10 years of equivalent work experience with 3+ years of project management experience and/or Scrum Master experience.
Scrum Master jobs in Milford, CT
Scrum Master salaries in Milford, CT

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Shea M. - ChicagoRuby (Chicago, IL) | Meetup
Shea M. https://secure.meetupstatic.com/photos/member/1/f/2/5/member_258487973.jpeg https://www.meetup.com/ChicagoRuby/members/4613323/
I would love to make friends, improve my craft, find a mentor, be a mentor, and advance my understanding of Ruby.
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Patent US8131587 - Methods, communications devices, and computer program products for adding ... - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsMethod, communication device, and computer program products are provided for adding advertisement contact data to a networked address book. Advertisement data is accessed. The advertisement data is retrieved and parsed to determine if the advertisement data is in a proper format for a networked address...http://www.google.com/patents/US8131587?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US8131587 - Methods, communications devices, and computer program products for adding displayed advertisement contact data to networked address booksAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS8131587 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 12/127,474Publication dateMar 6, 2012Filing dateMay 27, 2008Priority dateMay 27, 2008Also published asUS20090299859Publication number12127474, 127474, US 8131587 B2, US 8131587B2, US-B2-8131587, US8131587 B2, US8131587B2InventorsMichael Branam, Bill BrownOriginal AssigneeAt&T Intellectual Property I, L.P.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (8), Non-Patent Citations (1), Classifications (18), Legal Events (1) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetMethods, communications devices, and computer program products for adding displayed advertisement contact data to networked address booksUS 8131587 B2Abstract Method, communication device, and computer program products are provided for adding advertisement contact data to a networked address book. Advertisement data is accessed. The advertisement data is retrieved and parsed to determine if the advertisement data is in a proper format for a networked address book. The advertisement data is converted to the proper format, in response to determining that the advertisement data is not in the proper format. The advertisement data is transferred to the networked address book.
What is claimed is: 1. A method for adding advertisement contact data to a networked address book, comprising:
BACKGROUND Exemplary embodiments relate to the field of network communication transmissions, and particularly to the field of network communication transmissions.
BRIEF SUMMARY Exemplary embodiments include a method of adding advertisement contact data to a networked address book. Advertisement data is accessed. The advertisement data is retrieved and parsed to determine if the advertisement data is in a proper format for a networked address book. The advertisement data is converted to the proper format, in response to determining that the advertisement data is not in the proper format. The advertisement data is transferred to the networked address book.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of a system 100 in accordance with exemplary embodiments. The system 100 provides an infrastructure through which users can access media (including video, audio, data, multimedia messaging, waypoints, etc.) through a communications device 105, such as an IPTV enabled television and a computing device 110, such as a set top box, configuration or any other type communication device. Although shown as separate devices, the communications device 105 and the set top box 110 may be integrated into one device. As an IPTV network, the system 100 also includes a remote controller 140 for inputting information and controlling the communications device 105 (e.g., a television). It is understood that in exemplary embodiments and implementations, the communications device 105 can be a variety of other communications devices, such as general purpose or laptop computers, wireless devices such as cellular telephones, portable computing device, digital music players (e.g., MP3 players), mobile devices, digital televisions, etc. In addition, a wireline public switched telephone network (PSTN) telephone, session initiation protocol (SIP) telephone, dual-mode mobile telephone, personal digital assistant (PDA), or other type of communications device may be included in the system 100 of FIG. 1.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS6177931 *Jul 21, 1998Jan 23, 2001Index Systems, Inc.Systems and methods for displaying and recording control interface with television programs, video, advertising information and program scheduling informationUS6317761 *Jul 13, 1999Nov 13, 2001Unicast Communications CorporationTechnique for implementing browser-initiated user-transparent advertising and for interstitially displaying an advertisement, so distributed, through a web browser in response to a user click-streamUS7362463Sep 20, 2004Apr 22, 2008Silverbrook Research Pty LtdSystem for delivery of a brochure containing coded dataUS20030055725 *Mar 7, 2001Mar 20, 2003Jaewon LeeAdvertisement providing system by using a wireless internet and method thereofUS20080177626 *Jan 23, 2007Jul 24, 2008Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.System and method for determining user preferences in a telecommunications networkUS20090172728 *Dec 31, 2007Jul 2, 2009Almondnet, Inc.Targeted online advertisements based on viewing or interacting with television advertisementsUS20090182565 *Jan 10, 2008Jul 16, 2009At&T Services, Inc.Aiding Creation of Service Offers Associated with a Service Delivery FrameworkWO2001035183A1 *Nov 9, 2000May 17, 2001Paskel S Arnold IiiA system and method for automatically presenting a sequence of promotional images with interactive features* Cited by examinerNon-Patent CitationsReference1 *Mutel, Glen. HSA Targets Young Families with First Foray into Interactive TV Ads. Precision Marketing (ZCZ) Jan. 4, 2002 p. 6.* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification705/14.53, 725/34, 725/52, 705/14.39, 705/14.55, 705/1.1, 715/205International ClassificationG06Q40/00Cooperative ClassificationG06Q30/02, G06Q30/0239, G06Q30/0277, G06Q10/0637, G06Q30/0257European ClassificationG06Q30/02, G06Q30/0277, G06Q30/0257, G06Q10/0637, G06Q30/0239Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionMay 30, 2008ASAssignmentOwner name: AT & T DELAWARE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, INC., DELAWFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BRANAM, MICHAEL;BROWN, BILL;SIGNING DATES FROM 20080516 TO 20080521;REEL/FRAME:021020/0538RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services©2012 Google

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