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Patent US5660889 - Applying a composition comprising an organosiloxane modified with amino ... - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA composition for increasing the resistance of polyamide fibers or polyester fibers to oxidizing agents comprising an organosiloxane modified with amino groups, melamine formaldehyde resin, a catalyst for complexing the melamine formaldehyde resin and water. The composition is used by applying it to...http://www.google.com/patents/US5660889?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US5660889 - Applying a composition comprising an organosiloxane modified with amino groups, a melamine-formaldehyde resin, and a curing catalyst; oxidation resistanceAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS5660889 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 08/685,045Publication dateAug 26, 1997Filing dateJul 23, 1996Priority dateNov 24, 1994Fee statusPaidAlso published asUS5574088Publication number08685045, 685045, US 5660889 A, US 5660889A, US-A-5660889, US5660889 A, US5660889AInventorsYassin ElgarhyOriginal AssigneeTrichromatic Carpet Inc.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (4), Non-Patent Citations (2), Classifications (48), Legal Events (4) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetApplying a composition comprising an organosiloxane modified with amino groups, a melamine-formaldehyde resin, and a curing catalyst; oxidation resistance
US 5660889 AAbstract
A composition for increasing the resistance of polyamide fibers or polyester fibers to oxidizing agents comprising an organosiloxane modified with amino groups, melamine formaldehyde resin, a catalyst for complexing the melamine formaldehyde resin and water. The composition is used by applying it to the fibers so the fibers absorb the composition, and then drying and curing the composition on the fibers. The composition is employed to treat a polyester or polyamide felt employed to convey wood pulp which is to be bleached, prior to paper making operations, treatment of the felt with the composition significantly lengthens the useful life of the felt, exposed to bleaching chemicals.
1. A method of increasing the resistance of a polyamide fiber or polyester fiber porous, self-supporting carrier sheet to oxidizing agents comprising the steps of:(a) preparing a composition comprising:(i) an organosiloxane modified with amino groups; (ii) a melamine formaldehyde resin; (iii) a catalyst for complexing said melamine formaldehyde resin; and (iv) water; (b) applying said composition to said carrier sheet; and (c) drying and curing said composition on the fibers of said carrier sheet. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said fibers are polyamide fibers, and wherein said composition further comprises the acid dyes Acid Yellow, Acid Red and Acid Blue.
3. A method according to claim 1, wherein said composition further comprises a fluorine-containing carbon-based polymer.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein said composition is applied by immersing said carrier sheet in a bath of said composition.
5. A method according to claim 3, wherein said fibers absorb between 30-200% of their weight of said composition in step (b).
6. A method of increasing the resistance of polyamide fibers in a porous, self-supporting carrier sheet to oxidizing agents comprising the steps of:(a) preparing a composition comprising the acid dyes Acid Yellow, Acid Red and Acid Blue; (b) applying said composition to said fibers; (c) drying said fibers from (b); (d) preparing a composition comprising:(i) an organosiloxane modified with amino groups; (ii) a melamine formaldehyde resin; (iii) a catalyst for complexing said melamine formaldehyde resin; and (iv) water; (e) applying said composition of step (d) to said fibers of said carrier sheet; (f) drying and curing said composition on said fibers. Description
This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/465,439, filed Jun. 5, 1995, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,574,088, which in turn is a Continuation-In-Part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/348,715, filed Dec. 2, 1994, now abandoned.
The invention relates to compositions for treating a porous self-supporting support carrier, particularly a support carrier of polyester or polyamide fibers, such as nylon, to increase their resistance to oxidizing agents, such as hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite, to methods of treating such support carrier using such compositions, to a support carrier treated with the composition, and to an improvement in a process of chemically oxidizing cellulosic fiber material such as wood pulp.
Polyamide and polyester fibers have poor resistance to oxidizing agents, particularly to sodium hypochlorite. Polyester fibers and polyamide fibers, including all grades of nylon, lose strength after being in contact with sodium hypochlorite solution for a few hours.
In the manufacture of paper from cellulosic fiber wood pulp, the pulp is subjected to bleaching to increase the whiteness or brightness of the paper subsequently produced from the pulp. In this bleaching operation the pulp is exposed to oxidizing agents such as hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite and is thereafter conveyed to a paper-making operation. In these procedures the pulp is conveyed on a porous, self-supporting carrier sheet in the form of an elongate, continuous belt, and this carrier sheet, referred to in the paper-making art as a felt, is exposed to the oxidizing or bleaching chemical.
The exposure of the carrier sheet to the oxidizing or bleaching chemical substantially lowers the useful life of the felt.
These felts which typically may be 45 to 135 meters, in length, 7 meters wide and 3 to 5 mm thick are expensive typically costing several thousand dollars. The exposure of the felts to the bleaching or oxidizing agents, so degrades the felts that their useful life is not more than 40 days in continuous operation and frequently as short as 20 days. Various solutions have been tried to overcome this problem. One is to treat the felt with chlororesorcinol or chlororesorcinol formaldehyde, or a combination of chlororesorcinol and acid dyes. This improves the resistance of the felt to chlorine to a certain extent, but it does not have a useful effect against hydrogen peroxide. Another solution that has been tried is to apply melamine formaldehyde resin to the felt; however, this treatment makes the felt very stiff.
It is an object of this invention to provide an improved process for chemically oxidizing or bleaching cellulosic fiber material, such as wood pulp, in which the fiber material is supported on a carrier sheet and the fiber material and carrier sheet are exposed to oxidizing or bleaching chemical.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a method of increasing the resistance of a polyamide fiber or polyester fiber carrier sheet to oxidizing or bleaching agents.
It is a still further object of this invention to provide a porous, self-supporting carrier sheet for use in conveying cellulosic fiber material, such as wood pulp.
It is still another object of this invention to provide a composition for increasing the resistance of polyamide or polyester fibers to oxidizing or bleaching chemical.
In particular a composition is provided for treating polyester and polyamide fibers, such as nylon, in the form of felts, to increase their resistance to oxidizing agents. The composition also renders the fibers soft and prolongs the useful life of felts used in paper-making.
In accordance with one aspect of the invention there is provided in a process of chemically oxidizing cellulosic fiber material in which the fiber material is supported on a porous, self-supporting carrier sheet and the fiber material and the carrier sheet are exposed to a chemical oxidizing agent, and in which the carrier sheet is of a material deleteriously affected by the oxidizing agent, the improvement wherein said carrier sheet is pretreated with a composition which increases the resistance of the material of the carrier sheet to the oxidizing agent, said composition comprising a) an organosiloxane modified with amino groups, b) a melamine formaldehyde resin, c) a catalyst for complexing said melamine formaldehyde resin; and d) water.
In accordance with another aspect of the invention there is provided a porous, self-supporting carrier sheet for use in conveying cellulosic pulp fibers in a paper manufacture, said carrier sheet being formed of polyester or polyamide fibers, said fibers of said sheet having a coating thereon derived from interaction of said fibers with a composition comprising a) an organosiloxane modified with amino groups, b) a melamine formaldehyde resin, c) a catalyst for complexing said melamine formaldehyde resin, and d) water.
In accordance with still another aspect of the invention there is provided a method of increasing the resistance of a polyamide fiber or polyester fiber porous, self-supporting carrier sheet to oxidizing agents comprising the steps of: (a) preparing a composition comprising (i) an organosiloxane modified with amino groups; (ii) a melamine formaldehyde resin; (iii) a catalyst for complexing said melamine formaldehyde resin; and (iv) water; (b) applying said composition to said carrier sheet and (c) drying and curing said composition on the fibers of said carrier sheet.
In accordance with yet another aspect of the invention there is provided a composition for increasing the resistance of polyamide fibers or polyester fibers to oxidizing agents, comprising: (a) an organosiloxane modified with amino groups; (b) a melamine formaldehyde resin; (c) a catalyst for complexing said melamine formaldehyde resin; and (d) water.
Compositions according to the invention are prepared by dissolving the melamine formaldehyde resin, the catalyst for complexing the formaldehyde resin in water and dispersing an aqueous emulsion of the organosiloxane in the water. The pH of the composition is preferably adjusted to 7 or less, more preferably to pH 5 to 6.
The preferred melamine formaldehyde resin is methylated methylol melamine formaldehyde. The preferred concentration of melamine formaldehyde resin in the composition is 30-150 g/l.
The organosiloxane modified with amino groups is insoluble in water but can be emulsified in water.
The organosiloxane employed in the invention may be represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein each R, which may be the same or different is lower alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or phenyl, each R1 is lower alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, phenyl or is selected from amino and lower alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R2 and R3, which may be the same or different are each selected from lower alkyl of 2 to 4 carbon atoms, phenyl, lower alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or amino, provided that at least one of R1, R2 and R3 comprises amino.
The integers m and n are subject to wide variation and effectively determine the chain length of the organosiloxane. In particular the integers m and n are selected such that the modified organosiloxane is a fluid having a viscosity at 25� C. of 10 to 3500 cs, more especially 500 to 1000 cs, and a specific gravity at 25� C. of 0.95 to 1.05. Suitably the amine content calculated as g/mol.av. is 200 to 3000, preferably 400 to 2000.
One especially preferred class of organosiloxane in the invention is that of formula (II): ##STR2## in which each R4 and R5, which may be the same or different is selected from amino and lower alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, provided that at least some of the radicals R4 are amino; preferably at least one of the radicals R5 is amino and m and n are as defined previously.
Another preferred class of organosiloxane in the invention is that of formula (III): ##STR3## in which R6 is amino and n is as defined previously.
It will be observed that the organosiloxanes of formula (II) may have amino or lower alkoxy modifying groups both as side chain members and as terminal groups of the chain, whereas in formula (III) the modifying amino is a terminal group.
The organosiloxane is preferably employed in the composition of the invention in a concentration of 10-150 g/l. It is employed as an emulsion in water preferably having a solids content of 20 to 50%, by weight.
The catalyst used is one which complexes the melamine formaldehyde. Its preferred concentration is 5-30 g/l of composition. It is preferably one of the following: salts of alkaline-earth metals; aluminum chloride solution; a solution of magnesium chloride and aluminum chloride.
The composition may optionally include a fluorochemical, i.e. a carbon-based polymer containing fluorine. The preferred concentration of fluorochemical in the composition is 5-50 g/l, more preferably 5-25 g/l. The preferred solids content of the fluorochemical is 15-40% by weight.
The composition may optionally include a combination of three acid dyes, namely Acid Yellow, Acid Red and Acid Blue. The Acid Yellow dye is preferably one of the following: Acid Yellow 10, 25, 169 and 219. The Acid Red dye is preferably one of the following: Acid Red 42, 57, 337 and 361. The Acid Blue dye is preferably one of the following: Acid Blue 25, 27, 72, 258, 277 and 294. The preferred concentration of acid dyes in the composition is 0.1-0.2 g/l Acid Yellow, 0.1-0.2 g/l Acid Red and 0.01-0.03 g/l Acid Blue.
The composition can further optionally include an antiprecipitant dispersing agent. Such agent is preferably ethoxylated fatty amine or ethoxylated fatty alcohol. Its preferred concentration in the composition is 1-10 g/l.
In the method of treating the carrier sheet polyester fibers or polyamide fibers, such as nylon felts, the carrier sheet or felt is preferably immersed in a bath of the composition until the carrier sheet or felt is thoroughly wetted. Preferably between 30-200% by weight of the composition is absorbed by the carrier sheet or felt, relative to the weight of the dry carrier sheet or felt. The carrier sheet or felt is then dried and is cured at an elevated temperature, preferably 330�-350� F. Drying and curing times depend on the weight, size and nature of the carrier sheet or felt and on the solution employed.
In one embodiment of the method, an aqueous solution of three acid dyes, Acid Yellow, Acid Red and Acid Blue is prepared. The preferred concentration of the acid dyes is 0.14 g/l Acid Yellow, 0.14 g/l Acid Red and 0.014 g/l Acid Blue. The felt is immersed in this solution, dried, and then immersed in a bath of the composition as described above. The felt is then dried and cured as described above.
The support carrier sheet may be woven or non-woven and is formed from polyester or polyamide fibers, usually polyamide fibers such as nylon.
The support carrier sheet is porous and will permit water to escape therethrough. In some woven support carrier sheets the weave is relatively open so that small openings between adjacent fibers or yarns of the weave are visible to the naked eye.
The carrier sheet or felt is self-supporting by which is to be understood that the sheet or felt is semi-rigid and maintains its generally planar configuration when supported at a single point, without bending or folding. On the other hand, the sheet or felt has sufficient flexibility that it can be manipulated manually, for example, it may be folded on itself, however, on removal of the manipulating force it resumes its original configuration or can be readily manipulated to restore the original configuration.
The sheet or felt is thus quite different in nature from a cloth or textile employed in garment manufacture.
The sheet or felt is relatively incompressible and typically has a length of at least 40 meters, suitably 45 to 135 meters, and a thickness of at least 2 mm, typically 3 to 5 mm.
Especially preferred open weave felts are of polyamide fiber, particularly Nylon 6 and are formed by 15 denier fibers grilion and have a weight of about 1400 gm/m2. Finer felts are of 3 to 4 denier fiber and weigh about 1200 g/m2.
In general the felts are of 3 to 15 denier fiber and have a weight of 1000 to 1500 g/m2.
In the invention amino groups of the modified organosiloxane react with hydroxyl groups of the polyester or polyamide providing a softening effect whereas the melamine formaldehyde resin produces cross-linking which results in rigidity. Amino groups of the polyester or polyamide may be blocked with the acid dyes.
The following examples describe testing of fibers treated with prior art compositions and with compositions according to the invention.
In these examples the organosiloxane employed was of the class of formula (II) hereinbefore having a viscosity at 25� C. of 750 cs, a specific gravity at 25� C. of 0.98 and having a function group equivalent of amino and lower alkoxy groups of 1,900.
A 15 denier fiber of Nylon 6 was tested for break point and for elongation using an Instron model 1130 (trademark) testing machine. The break point was determined to be 80 g and the elongation 59.7%.
The same fiber was immersed in 3% hydrogen peroxide solution for 75 hours at 175� F., then rinsed, dried and tested as above.
______________________________________Result:______________________________________BREAK               71.4 gELONGATION          47.5%RETAINED STRENGTH   89.2%RETAINED ELONGATION 79.5%______________________________________
The same fiber was immersed in a 10% sodium hypochlorite solution for 75 hours at 175� F., then rinsed, dried and tested as above.
______________________________________Result:______________________________________BREAK               32.6 gELONGATION          22.2%RETAINED STRENGTH   40.8%RETAINED ELONGATION 37.2%______________________________________
A fiber as in Example 1 was immersed in a solution containing 15 g/l Mesitol NBS (novolak resin) and 35 g/l chlororesorcinol. The pick-up (weight of solution absorbed to weight of dry fiber) was 50%. The fiber was rinsed and dried. The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
______________________________________BREAK               78.3 gELONGATION          52.9%RETAINED STRENGTH   97.8%RETAINED ELONGATION 88.6%______________________________________
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
______________________________________BREAK               28 gELONGATION          22%RETAINED STRENGTH   35%RETAINED ELONGATION 36.8%______________________________________
A fiber as in Example 1 was immersed in a solution containing three acid dyes: 0.14 g/l Acid Yellow, 0.14 g/l Acid Red and 0.014 g/l Acid Blue. The pH was adjusted to 5. The pick-up was 50%. The fiber was then immersed in a second bath as in Example 2. The pick-up was 50%. The fiber was rinsed and dried. The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
______________________________________BREAK               76.8 gELONGATION          46%RETAINED STRENGTH   96%RETAINED ELONGATION 77%______________________________________
______________________________________BREAK               28.7 gELONGATION          24.5%RETAINED STRENGTH   35.8%RETAINED ELONGATION 41%______________________________________
A fiber as in Example 1 was immersed in a bath containing 15 g/l Mesitol NBS and 35 g/l sulfonated resol resin. The pick-up was 50%. The fiber was dried.
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution in accordance with Example 1.
______________________________________BREAK               67.5 gELONGATION          38.2%RETAINED STRENGTH   84.3%RETAINED ELONGATION 64%______________________________________
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution in accordance with Example 1.
______________________________________BREAK               34.6 gELONGATION          25.9%RETAINED STRENGTH   43.2%RETAINED ELONGATION 43.3%______________________________________
A fiber as in Example 1 was treated with the three acid dyes as in Example 3. It was then immersed in a bath containing 15 g/l Mesitol NBS and 35 g/l sulfonated resol resin at pH 5. Pick-up was 50%. The fiber was dried.
______________________________________BREAK               57 gELONGATION          34.7%RETAINED STRENGTH   71.2%RETAINED ELONGATION 58.1%______________________________________
______________________________________BREAK               34 gELONGATION          27.5%RETAINED STRENGTH   42.5%RETAINED ELONGATION 46%______________________________________
A second sample of 15 denier fiber of Nylon 6 having the same break point and elongation as in Example 1 was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
______________________________________BREAK               72 gELONGATION          47%RETAINED STRENGTH   90%RETAINED ELONGATION 78.7%______________________________________
The fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
______________________________________BREAK               50 gELONGATION          32%RETAINED STRENGTH   62.5%RETAINED ELONGATION 53.6%______________________________________
A fiber as in Example 6 was immersed in a solution containing 35 g/l chlororesorcinol and 15 g/l sulfonated resol resin at pH 5. The pick-up was 50%. The fiber was dried.
The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
______________________________________BREAK               44 gELONGATION          30%RETAINED STRENGTH   55%RETAINED ELONGATION 50.2%______________________________________
______________________________________BREAK               81.6 gELONGATION          60.6%RETAINED STRENGTH   102%RETAINED ELONGATION 101.5%______________________________________
A fiber as in Example 6 was immersed in a bath containing 35 g/l chlororesorcinol and 15 g/l sulfonated resol resin. The fiber was dried and then immersed in a bath containing 100 g/l melamine resin, 20 g/l catalyst and 35 g/l fluorochemicals. It was then dried and cured at 350� F. for 90 seconds.
The treated fiber was tested in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
______________________________________BREAK               41 gELONGATION          28%RETAINED STRENGTH   51.2%RETAINED ELONGATION 46.9%______________________________________
The treated fiber was tested in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
______________________________________BREAK                   74.4 gELONGATION              56.8%RETAINED STRENGTH       93%RETAINED ELONGATION     95.1%______________________________________
A third sample of 15 denier fiber of Nylon 6 having a break point of 75.6 g and an elongation of 72.6% was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
______________________________________BREAK                   67.6 gELONGATION              63.0%RETAINED STRENGTH       89.4%RETAINED ELONGATION     86.7%______________________________________
______________________________________BREAK                   56.8 gELONGATION              53.5%RETAINED STRENGTH       75.1%RETAINED ELONGATION     73.6%______________________________________
A fiber as in Example 9 was immersed in a solution of 100 g/l melamine resin and 20 g/l catalyst. The pick-up was 50%. The fiber was dried and cured at 330� F. for 90 seconds.
______________________________________BREAK                   71.6 gELONGATION              65.6%RETAINED STRENGTH       94.7%RETAINED ELONGATION     90.3%______________________________________
______________________________________BREAK                   62.5 gELONGATION              52.2%RETAINED STRENGTH       82.6%RETAINED ELONGATION     71.9%______________________________________
A fiber as in Example 9 was immersed in a bath containing 70 g/l melamine resin, 20 g/l catalyst, 25 g/l fluorochemical and 50 g/l organosiloxane. It was dried and cured at 350� F. for 90 seconds.
______________________________________BREAK                    75 gELONGATION               82%RETAINED STRENGTH        99.2%RETAINED ELONGATION     112.9%______________________________________
______________________________________BREAK                   65.6 gELONGATION              51.1%RETAINED STRENGTH       86.7%RETAINED ELONGATION     70.4%______________________________________
A fiber as in Example 9 was immersed in a bath containing three acid dyestuffs, 100 g/l melamine resin, and 20 g/l catalyst. Pick-up was 50%. The fiber was dried and then cured at 330� F. for 90 seconds. The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
______________________________________BREAK                    74.9 gELONGATION               81.1%RETAINED STRENGTH        99.1%RETAINED ELONGATION     111.7%______________________________________
______________________________________BREAK                   61 gELONGATION              45.2%RETAINED STRENGTH       80.6%RETAINED ELONGATION     62.2%______________________________________
A fiber as in Example 9 was immersed in a solution of acid dyes as in Example 3. It was then dried and immersed in a bath containing 100 g/l melamine resin, 20 g/l catalyst and 50 g/l organosiloxane. It was dried and then cured at 330� F. for 90 seconds. The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
______________________________________BREAK                    72.8 gELONGATION               95.4%RETAINED STRENGTH        96.2%RETAINED ELONGATION     131.4%______________________________________
______________________________________BREAK                   69.4 gELONGATION              70.7%RETAINED STRENGTH       91.7%RETAINED ELONGATION     97.3%______________________________________
A fourth sample of 15 denier fiber of Nylon 6 having a break point of 86 g and an elongation of 68% was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
______________________________________BREAK                    78 gELONGATION               69%RETAINED STRENGTH        90.6%RETAINED ELONGATION     101.4%______________________________________
The same fiber was tested after immersion in sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1.
______________________________________BREAK                   52 gELONGATION              34%RETAINED STRENGTH       60.4%RETAINED ELONGATION     50%______________________________________
A fiber as in Example 14 was immersed in a bath containing 100 g/l melamine resin, 20 g/l catalyst, 35 g/l fluorochemicals and 50 g/l organosiloxane. The pick-up was 50%. The fiber was dried and cured. The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
______________________________________BREAK                    76 gELONGATION               81%RETAINED STRENGTH        82.3%RETAINED ELONGATION     119.1%______________________________________
______________________________________BREAK                   62 gELONGATION              50%RETAINED STRENGTH       72%RETAINED ELONGATION     73.5%______________________________________
A fiber as in Example 14 was immersed in a solution containing three acid dyes as in Example 3 at pH 4. The pick-up was 50%. The fiber was dried. The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
______________________________________BREAK                    79.3 gELONGATION               68%RETAINED STRENGTH        92.2%RETAINED ELONGATION     100%______________________________________
______________________________________BREAK                   45 gELONGATION              34%RETAINED STRENGTH       52.3%RETAINED ELONGATION     50%______________________________________
A fiber as in Example 14 was treated with three acid dyes as in Example 16. It was then dried and immersed in a bath containing 100 g/l melamine resin, 20 g/l catalyst, 25 g/l fluorochemicals and 50 g/l organosiloxane. The treated fiber was tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution as in Example 1.
______________________________________BREAK                    81.2 gELONGATION               88%RETAINED STRENGTH        94.4%.RETAINED ELONGATION     129.4%______________________________________
______________________________________BREAK                   72 gELONGATION              65%RETAINED STRENGTH       83.7%RETAINED ELONGATION     95.5%______________________________________
A polyester filament is treated in a bath as in Example 15. The fiber is dried and cured. It is tested after immersion in hydrogen peroxide solution and sodium hypochlorite solution as in Example 1, with good results.
It was observed from the tests that treating the nylon fiber with chlororesorcinol, sulfonated novolak resin or sulfonated resol resin, or combinations of these three products, or with the three acid dyes, did not give satisfactory results. It was also observed that treatment with melamine resin alone or with the addition of fluorochemicals increased the stiffness of the fibers, did not give optimum resistance to oxidizing agent, and also created some degree of water repellency on the nylon felt. The polyamide and polyester fibers treated with the compositions claimed herein had good resistance to hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite and were soft and elastic.
Carrier supports or felts treated with the composition of the invention still have a useful working life even after 180 days continuous operation, a marked improvement over the maximum of 40 days achieved in the prior art.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS4162190 *Aug 8, 1977Jul 24, 1979Scapa-Porritt LimitedLayers of absorbent fibers for retention of water; hydrophobic surfaceUS4208173 *Jul 27, 1978Jun 17, 1980United Merchants And Manufacturers, Inc.Method for treating fabricsUS4520176 *Dec 12, 1983May 28, 1985Sws Silicones CorporationDiluent, durable press resin containing an aminoplast and an aloehydeUS4619864 *Mar 21, 1984Oct 28, 1986Springs Industries, Inc.Applying curabe mixture of silicone and filler, and heating* Cited by examinerNon-Patent CitationsReference1Chemical abstracts No. 85:7559, Szabolcs et al., "Impregnation of textile material." Feb. 1976.2 *Chemical abstracts No. 85:7559, Szabolcs et al., Impregnation of textile material. Feb. 1976.* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification427/387, 162/108, 442/126, 442/127, 162/157.3, 427/322International ClassificationD21C9/16, D06L3/08, C08L61/28, B05D3/02, D04H1/08, B32B27/02Cooperative ClassificationD06P3/521, D06M2101/32, D06M2101/34, D06M15/6436, D06M11/17, D06P3/241, D06P1/6735, D06P1/58, C08L83/08, D21C9/002, D21C9/163, D21C9/10, C08L61/28, D06M13/144, D06M13/325, D06M15/423, D06P1/5292, D06M11/155, D06P1/67341, D21H11/20European ClassificationD21C9/10, D21H11/20, D06P1/58, D06P1/673K1, D06M13/325, D06P1/673K3, D06M11/17, D06M15/643D, D06P1/52D8, D06M13/144, D06P3/52A, D06M11/155, D06M15/423, D06P3/24A, C08L61/28, C08L83/08Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionSep 8, 2010ASAssignmentOwner name: TRI-TEXCO INC., QUEBECFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:TRICHROMATIC CARPET INC.;REEL/FRAME:024946/0782Effective date: 20100907Feb 3, 2009FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 12Dec 16, 2004FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8Feb 20, 2001FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services

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Weird!!! - Review of Java Daves, Glenpool, OK - TripAdvisor
Weird!!! - Java Daves
United States Oklahoma (OK) Glenpool Glenpool Restaurants Java Daves
“Weird!!!”
Review of Java Daves
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See the most recent reviews MarkHolden1975
7 helpful votes “Weird!!!”
I have been traveling.. A long, long ways with my lover... If you must pry!!! :)Well, when me and my lover entered the joint instantly a smell of excitement rung in the air, until I received a HOT biscuit that burned my lover's hands!!! I was flabbergasted. AND they didn't label their coffee. And it was a snobby neighborhood. My lover and I felt quite abit of discomfort.. Well, at least that's what she thinks!! Teehee!!!!!!
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Pizza Hut 2323 Clear Lake City Blvd Ste 110, Houston, TX 77062 - YP.com
2323 Clear Lake City Blvd Ste 110, Houston, TX 77062
debit, discover, master card, visa, amex, cash, all major credit cards, diners club
Bay Pointe Shopping Ctr
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I was driving in the parking lot going past this pizza hut about 10 miles per hour. I spotted a small dark red car with ""Pizza Hut"" sign on top. The driver looked directly at me and pulled out in front of me causing me to slam on my brakes and steer to the right to miss him. Again he looked right at me and took off. My car now pulls to the right and my front brake is broken. The sacks of food in my car's back seat landed on the floor. I tried to talk to the manager but he didn't seem to care. He didn't even come out to talk to me.

value: This website is a United States-based web site operated by YP Holdings that provides listings for local businesses. In 2013 it was re-branded as YP.com or simply "YP".


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Patent US5106669 - Mixture of fatty alcohol, latex, dye, adhesive, surfactants, and iron oxide - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA magnetic thermal transfer ribbon includes a substrate and a thermal sensitive coating which is a mixture and essentially consists of a fatty alcohol, a water base latex, an intensifying dye, an adhesive, and a surface agent along with iron oxide, and the coating mixture is dispersed in alcohol, in...http://www.google.com/patents/US5106669?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US5106669 - Mixture of fatty alcohol, latex, dye, adhesive, surfactants, and iron oxideAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS5106669 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 07/641,845Publication dateApr 21, 1992Filing dateJan 16, 1991Priority dateJul 10, 1989Fee statusLapsedPublication number07641845, 641845, US 5106669 A, US 5106669A, US-A-5106669, US5106669 A, US5106669AInventorsShashi G. Talvalkar, Marion E. McCreight, Thomas J. ObringerOriginal AssigneeNcr CorporationExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (16), Referenced by (2), Classifications (20), Legal Events (5) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetMixture of fatty alcohol, latex, dye, adhesive, surfactants, and iron oxideUS 5106669 AAbstract A magnetic thermal transfer ribbon includes a substrate and a thermal sensitive coating which is a mixture and essentially consists of a fatty alcohol, a water base latex, an intensifying dye, an adhesive, and a surface agent along with iron oxide, and the coating mixture is dispersed in alcohol, in water, or in a combined water/alcohol mixture.
What is claimed is: 1. A thermal transfer ribbon comprising a substrate and a thermal sensitive coating which is formed from a mixture consisting essentially of a behenyl alcohol, a rice bran wax, an organic titanate, and magnetic iron oxide, the mixture being dispersed in a solvent solution.
2. The thermal transfer ribbon of claim 1 wherein the mixture is dispersed in isopropyl alcohol.
3. The thermal transfer ribbon of claim 1 wherein the mixture is dispersed in portable water.
4. The thermal transfer ribbon of claim 1 wherein the mixture is dispersed in N-propanol.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,690,858, issued to H. Oka et al. on Sep. 1, 1987, discloses a thermal transfer sheet comprising a substrate and an ink layer having a sublimable dye, a binder of high molecular weight polyamide resin from dimer acid, and an organic solvent.
EXAMPLE I ______________________________________Ingredient % Dry   Dry Wt.  Wet Wt.                              % Dry Range______________________________________BASF OXIDE 48.0    144.0    144.0  40.0-55.00045Behenyl Alcohol      41.0    123.0    123.0  30.0-50.0Latex EC-1052      7.0     21.0     52.5    5.0-10.0(40%)Butvar B98 2.0     6.0      6.0    1.0-3.0Basonyl Black      1.5     4.5      9.0    1.0-2.0X-22 (50%)PTFE SST-3 0.5     1.5      1.5    0.5-1.5N-Propanol --      --       464.0      100.0   300.0    800.0______________________________________
EXAMPLE II ______________________________________Ingredient % Dry   Dry Wt.  Wet Wt.                              % Dry Range______________________________________Magnetic Oxide      48.0    126.0    126.0  40.0-55.0Behenyl Alcohol      40.0    105.0    105.0  35.0-50.0Latex EC-1052      11.5    30.2     75.5    7.0-13.0(40%)Surfynol PC      0.5     1.3      1.3    0.01-0.5Isopropyl Alcohol      0.0     --       442.2      100.0   262.5    750.0______________________________________
EXAMPLE III ______________________________________Ingredient % Dry   Dry Wt.  Wet Wt.                              % Dry Range______________________________________Magnetic Oxide      42.0    100.8    100.8  40.0-55.0Latex EC-1052      10.0    24.0     60.0    7.0-13.0(40%)CMC 7L (3%)      3.0     7.2      240.0  1.0-5.0Irganox 1076      2.0     4.8      4.8    1.0-3.0Armoslip 18      12.0    28.8     28.8    9.0-16.0Behenyl Alcohol      12.0    28.8     28.8   10.0-17.0Sucrose Benzoate      18.0    43.2     43.2   15.0-21.0Surfynol PC      1.0     2.4      2.4    0.5-1.0Potable Water      --      --       291.2      100.0   240.0    800.0______________________________________
It is noted that CMC 7L is prepared at 3% solids in a preferred formulation, however, the CMC 7L may be prepared at 2 to 10% solids. It is also noted that the amount of potable water in the formulation is selected to suit the range of solids of the various ingredients, and that the percentage of solids in the formulation of Example III is 30%.
EXAMPLE IV ______________________________________Ingredient % Dry   Dry Wt.  Wet Wt.                              % Dry Range______________________________________Magnetic Oxide      48.0    120.0    120.0  40.0-55.0Behenyl Alcohol      41.0    102.5    102.5  35.0-50.0Latex EC-1052      7.0     17.5     43.8    5.0-15.0(40%)PVP        2.0     5.0      5.0    1.0-3.0PTFE SST-3 0.5     0.25     1.2    0.5-2.0Basonyl Black      1.5     3.75     7.5    1.0-3.0X-22 (50%)Potable Water      --      --       70.0N-Propanol --      --       400.0      100.0   250.0    750.0______________________________________
EXAMPLE V ______________________________________Ingredient % Dry   Dry Wt.  Wet Wt.                              % Dry Range______________________________________BASF Oxide 48.0    120.0    120.0  40.0-55.0#0045Behenyl Alcohol      34.0    85.0     85.0   30.0-40.0Rice Bran Wax      5.0     12.5     12.5   3.0-7.0Latex EC 1052      7.0     17.5     43.8    5.0-12.0(40%)Butvar B98 2.0     5.0      5.0    1.0-4.0Sucrose Benzoate      2.0     5.0      5.0    1.0-3.0Basonyl Black      1.5     3.8      7.5    1.0-3.0X-22 (50%)Tyzor TBT  0.5     1.2      1.2    0.5-1.0N-Propanol --      --       470.0      100.0   250.0    750.0______________________________________
EXAMPLE VI ______________________________________Ingredient % Dry   Dry Wt.  Wet Wt.                              % Dry Range______________________________________BASF Oxide 48.0    108.0    108.0  40.0-55.0#0045Behenyl Alcohol      40.0    90.0     90.0   30.0-50.0Rice Bran Wax      11.5    25.9     25.9   10.0-15.0Tyzor TBT  0.5     1.1      1.1    0.1-1.0N-Propanol --      --       525.0      100.0   225.0    750.0______________________________________
The coating 24 is applied to the substrate 22 by means of conventional coating techniques such as a Meyer rod or like wire-wound doctor bar set up on a typical coating machine to provide a coating weight of between 5.5 and 8.5 grams per square meter. The coating is made up of approximately 30 to 37.5% nonvolatile material and is maintained at a desired temperature and viscosity throughout the coating process. After the coating is applied to the substrate, the web of ribbon is passed through a dryer at an elevated temperature in the range between 93 and 150 degrees C. for approximately 5-10 seconds to ensure good drying and adherence of the coating 24 onto the substrate 22 in making the transfer ribbon 20. The above-mentioned coating weight, as applied by the Meyer rod onto a preferred 9-12 microns thick capacitor grade tissue, translates to an overall total thickness of 10-20 microns. The coating 24 exhibits exceptional transfer characteristics on a variety of paper stocks at print energy level ranges of 0.80 to 1 20 mJ of print energy in the thermal transfer encoder.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS3663278 *Nov 30, 1970May 16, 1972Ncr CoThermal transfer medium for producing scratch and smudge resistant marksUS4022936 *Apr 28, 1975May 10, 1977Ncr CorporationRecord materialUS4463034 *Mar 15, 1982Jul 31, 1984Nippon Telegraph & Telephone Public Corp.Heat-sensitive magnetic transfer elementUS4533596 *Jun 28, 1983Aug 6, 1985Ncr CorporationThermal magnetic transfer ribbonUS4581283 *May 17, 1984Apr 8, 1986Nippon Telegraph & Telephone Public CorporationMixture of ferromagnetic powder, wax, and thermoplastic elastomerUS4600628 *Feb 27, 1985Jul 15, 1986Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd.Thermal transfer recording mediumUS4617224 *Oct 15, 1984Oct 14, 1986Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd.Thermal transfer recording mediumUS4628000 *Dec 28, 1984Dec 9, 1986Ncr CorporationThermal transfer formulation and mediumUS4690858 *Feb 13, 1986Sep 1, 1987Hitachi, Ltd.Polyamide binder; adherence of ink layer to substrateUS4733249 *Jul 15, 1987Mar 22, 1988Seiko Epson CorporationPrinter and method of printingUS4818591 *Sep 30, 1986Apr 4, 1989Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd.Support, aqueous emulsion of heat-fusible substance, thin layer of colorant and thermoplastic resinDE3634049A1 *Oct 7, 1986Apr 9, 1987Konishiroku Photo IndWaermeuebertragungsaufzeichnungsmediumDE3817323A1 *May 20, 1988Dec 8, 1988Seiko Epson CorpMagnetisches druckfarbenmedium und ein solches verwendendes druckverfahrenEP0141678A1 *Nov 7, 1984May 15, 1985Dai Nippon Insatsu Kabushiki KaishaHeat transfer printing sheetEP0227093A2 *Dec 22, 1986Jul 1, 1987EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY (a New Jersey corporation)Cellulosic binder for dye-donor element used in thermal dye transferWO1986004024A1 *Dec 9, 1985Jul 17, 1986Ncr CoThermal transfer ink formulation and medium* Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS5527615 *Jan 26, 1995Jun 18, 1996Toyo Ink Manufacturing Co., Ltd.Image receptor sheet for thermal transferUS5589276 *Dec 20, 1993Dec 31, 1996Ncr CorporationThermal printing* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification428/32.74, 428/522, 428/32.83, 428/422, 428/913, 428/914, 428/843.1, 428/329, 428/900International ClassificationB41M5/26, B32B9/00, B41M5/392, B41M5/382Cooperative ClassificationY10S428/913, Y10S428/90, Y10S428/914, B41M5/392, B41M5/38285European ClassificationB41M5/392, B41M5/382TLegal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionJun 15, 2004FPExpired due to failure to pay maintenance feeEffective date: 20040421Apr 21, 2004LAPSLapse for failure to pay maintenance feesNov 5, 2003REMIMaintenance fee reminder mailedSep 7, 1999FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8Aug 18, 1995FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services©2012 Google


text:
Pathfinder 145 Nov10ed2 | Air Forces | Military Air Services
Pathfinder 145 Nov10ed2
Issue 145, November 2010
the australian air corps
On its formation on 31 March 1921, the RAAF was the second independent air force in the world—after the Royal Air Force (RAF) (see Pathfinder No 114). But another distinct “air force” flew aircraft, set records and carried out government tasks in Australia well before this date. How did this force come about and what happened to it? accepted the offer but requested a delay to the dispatch of the aircraft until arrangements could be made for their reception. The ‘Imperial Gift’ consisted of 100 aircraft, spare engines, tools, motor transport and 13 transportable hangars all packed away in over 19 000 packing cases. Another 28 aircraft were provided at the same time to replace aircraft donated by the people of Australia to Britain during the war.
Even before the end of World War I, there was political debate about the future of military aviation in Australia, which at that stage consisted of little more than the Central With dozens of new aircraft on their way, the pressure Flying School (CFS) at Point Cook, Victoria, for training to form the new air service was immense. In its report pilots. By May 1918, both Army and Navy had submitted dated 30 June 1919, the ASC recommended the creation detailed proposals for permanent air arms—one for each of a temporary ‘Australian Air Corps’ (AAC) formed service. When a compromise could not be reached within into two wings (one wing to meet the needs of the Navy the allocated budget, and the other for a sub-committee the Army). An Air that was set up to Board, answering examine the problem to the Minister for recommended on Defence, would 20 January 1919 administer the new the creation of a service. According to separate air force the Commonwealth as a third service. Gazette of 31 The government December 1919, the accordingly formed CFS, its personnel the Air Services and equipment were Committee (ASC) as AAC group awaiting Smith brothers’ arrival at Flemington, February 1920, seconded from the a temporary body to Army and placed on completion of first England-to-Australia flight. organise the new air under the AAC. force. The ASC soon produced a plan for new airbases, an Major William Anderson, who had extensive service in the organisational structure and an Air Board to administer the AFC, including as Commanding Officer of No 3 Squadron, service. was selected to command at Point Cook. An establishment of nine officers and 70 other ranks was initially authorised At this time, Australia had few combat aircraft. In the first but was soon increased to 160 other ranks to handle the months of 1919 the squadrons of the Australian Flying volume of gift stores arriving in Australia. Corps (AFC) abroad began handing their aircraft over to the RAF in preparation for the AFC’s disbandment and Command arrangements for the new air service were return home. In April, the CFS received a number of Avro controversial from the start. An Air Council, with Army 504 and Sopwith Pup aircraft which had been ordered the and Navy representatives, was formed in early 1920 to previous year. The number of aircraft was adequate for a decide matters of higher policy and to ensure that the new training school, but provided no aircraft to equip proposed air service did not stray too far from its primary role of new squadrons. meeting the needs of both the Army and Navy. In January 1920, Lieutenant Colonel Richard Williams (later Air Then in June, the British Government offered a gift of Marshal Sir Richard Williams) was appointed Acting military aircraft, the object being ‘to assist Dominions Director of Aviation Services, responsible to the Air wishing to establish air forces and thereby develop defence Council for all matters connected with the AAC. of the Empire by air.’ The Australian Government quickly
The interim nature of the new organisation was shown by the order issued by Captain H.H. (‘Neil’) Kilby, the Adjutant of CFS, less than three weeks after its formation:
…it has been approved that no distinct uniform shall be designed—that uniform at present in possession of members may be worn out, and that should members find it necessary to purchase new uniform while the Corps is constituted at present, AIF pattern, as worn by the AFC is to be worn.
Britain, but it operated a number of training, bomber/ reconnaissance and fighter aircraft. It was a uniformed service with a command and rank structure and most importantly, personnel with extensive operational experience from World War I. And it was technically separate from the Army and Navy; its director answered to the Minister for Defence, through the Air Council. In effect, the AAC was Australia’s first independent air force, albeit an interim one. The senior officers of the AAC went on to influential careers in the RAAF. Apart from Williams and Goble, William Anderson served more than 10 years as a member of the Air Board before retiring in April 1946 with the honorary rank of Air Vice-Marshal. ‘Harry’ Cobby, Frank McNamara, Henry Wrigley and a large number of technical staff also went on to distinguished careers in the RAAF after serving in the AAC. However, not all AAC personnel automatically transferred to the RAAF—some chose to return to civilian careers. The AAC achieved much in its short existence. It was the physical embodiment of an Australian air service that was broadly independent of Army and Navy. Its most important function was to form the core of the Australian Air Force when it came into existence on 31 March 1921. With the personnel from the AAC and the aircraft and equipment from the Imperial Gift, the RAAF was a viable, independent air force capable of flying missions from the first day of its existence.
Despite this order, over the next 12 months, the AAC gradually assumed an identity of its own. A major step in this direction occurred in November 1920, when the change was made from Army ranks to those adopted by the RAF in August 1919. On 9 November 1920, the Air Board was formally established as the body responsible for the administration of the AAC and the future Air Force. Wing Commanders Richard Williams and Stanley James (‘Jimmy’) Goble (later Air Vice-Marshal Goble) were members of the board alongside Squadron Leader P.A. McBain, Major P.E. Coleman (the civilian Secretary) and a civilian finance member, Mr A.C. Joyce.
•	The	AAC	was	Australia’s	first	air	service	that	was	independent	of	Army	and	Navy.
AAC Avro floatplane used in sea trials, alighting on the Yarra River, June 1920.
Although the AAC was formed primarily to maintain equipment in good order, it achieved some commendable aviation milestones. Its aircraft set a new Australian altitude record of 27 000 feet in June 1920 and made the first non-stop Sydney to Melbourne flight the following month. Between July and November, an Avro 504 floatplane and AAC personnel embarked aboard the battlecruiser HMAS Australia (I) for sea trials. In addition, AAC aircraft flew many aerial displays, and made at least one aerial search for a missing vessel. Throughout its short existence, the AAC consisted of one flying unit—the CFS—and one airfield—Point Cook. Most of its aircraft were still in storage or in transit from
•	Its	primary	role	was	to	receive	and	maintain	the	aircraft	and	stores	of	the	Imperial	Gift	after	World	War	I. •	The	AAC	also	kept	valuable	aviation	skills	alive	until	the	formation	of	the	RAAF. Highly	trained	Air	Forces	are	now	essential	components	of	all	efficient	defensive	and	fighting	forces,	as	aviation	provides	a	new	and	distinct	striking	force	of	tremendous	potentiality	...	A	Nation	thinking	in	three	dimensions	will	lead	and	defeat	a	nation	thinking	in	two,	both	in	time	of	peace	and	war. Report on NZ air defence by Colonel A.V. Bettington, RAF, June 1919
Issue 186 - The Raaf at El Alamein
Pathfinder 165 Oct 11 Small

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Landers D[au] - PubMed - NCBI
Search: Landers D[au]
Select item 31011204 1.
Select item 30332587 2.
Groner ML, Shields JD, Landers DF Jr, Swenarton J, Hoenig JM.
Am Nat. 2018 Nov;192(5):E163-E177. doi: 10.1086/699478. Epub 2018 Aug 16.
30332587
Select item 29177434 3.
Select item 28675580 4.
Select item 30221018 6.
Bell MD, Phelan J, Blett TF, Landers D, Nahlik AM, Van Houtven G, Davis C, Clark CM, Hewitt J.
Ecosphere. 2017 May 2;8(5):e01806. doi: 10.1002/ecs2.1806.
30221018
Select item 28121757 7.
Select item 28070720 8.
Select item 27464766 9.
Select item 27167621 10.
Select item 26497743 11.
Select item 25157259 12.
Select item 24640457 13.
Select item 23991507 14.
Kozhimannil KB, Sommerness SA, Rauk P, Gams R, Hirt C, Davis S, Miller KK, Landers DV.
Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2013 Aug;39(8):339-48.
Select item 23789262 15.
10 minutes with Debra Landers. Interview by Rhoda Weiss.
Mark Health Serv. 2013 Spring;33(2):16-9. No abstract available.
23789262
Select item 23638564 16.
Select item 22087860 17.
Schrlau JE, Geiser L, Hageman KJ, Landers DH, Simonich SM.
Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Dec 15;45(24):10354-61. doi: 10.1021/es202418f. Epub 2011 Nov 16.
22087860
Select item 20545236 18.
Imprint. 2010 Apr-May;57(3):14-5. No abstract available.
Select item 20538286 19.
Select item 20499934 20.
Select item 20465303 21.
Usenko S, Simonich SL, Hageman KJ, Schrlau JE, Geiser L, Campbell DH, Appleby PG, Landers DH.
Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Jun 15;44(12):4512-8. doi: 10.1021/es903844n.
Select item 20351589 22.
Select item 20050680 23.
The Western Airborne Contaminant Assessment Project (WACAP): an interdisciplinary evaluation of the impacts of airborne contaminants in western U.S. National Parks.
Landers DH, Simonich SM, Jaffe D, Geiser L, Campbell DH, Schwindt A, Schreck C, Kent M, Hafner W, Taylor HE, Hageman K, Usenko S, Ackerman L, Schrlau J, Rose N, Blett T, Erway MM.
Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Feb 1;44(3):855-9. doi: 10.1021/es901866e. No abstract available.
Select item 20030777 24.
Wipfli B, Landers D, Nagoshi C, Ringenbach S.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2011 Jun;21(3):474-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01049.x. Epub 2009 Dec 18.
Select item 19453207 25.
Rethorst CD, Wipfli BM, Landers DM.
Sports Med. 2009;39(6):491-511. doi: 10.2165/00007256-200939060-00004.
Select item 18723899 26.
Wipfli BM, Rethorst CD, Landers DM.
J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2008 Aug;30(4):392-410. Erratum in: J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2009 Feb;31(1):128-9.
18723899
Select item 18569230 27.
Differential effects of dexamethasone on the proximal and distal lung response to antigen challenge in allergic cynomolgus monkeys.
Curran AK, Skeans S, Landers D, Chapman RW.
J Asthma. 2008 Jun;45(5):377-81. doi: 10.1080/02770900801971784.
Select item 18504962 28.
Ackerman LK, Schwindt AR, Simonich SL, Koch DC, Blett TF, Schreck CB, Kent ML, Landers DH.
Environ Sci Technol. 2008 Apr 1;42(7):2334-41.
Select item 18464909 29.
Beigi RH, Wiesenfeld HC, Landers DV, Simhan HN.
Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 2008;2008:524601. doi: 10.1155/2008/524601.
18464909
Select item 18351118 30.
Mercury concentrations in salmonids from western U.S. National Parks and relationships with age and macrophage aggregates.
Schwindt AR, Fournie JW, Landers DH, Schreck CB, Kent ML.
Environ Sci Technol. 2008 Feb 15;42(4):1365-70. Erratum in: Environ Sci Technol. 2008 Apr 15;42(8):3118.
Select item 18164195 31.
Landers KL, Moore RW, Herrera P, Landers DA, Howard ZR, McReynolds JL, Bryd JA, Kubena LF, Nisbet DJ, Ricke SC.
Bioresour Technol. 2008 Sep;99(14):6692-6. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.11.045. Epub 2007 Dec 27.
Select item 18044494 32.
Current and historical deposition of PBDEs, pesticides, PCBs, and PAHs to Rocky Mountain National Park.
Usenko S, Landers DH, Appleby PG, Simonich SL.
Environ Sci Technol. 2007 Nov 1;41(21):7235-41.
Select item 17584185 33.
Aerobic exercise intensity and time of stressor administration influence cardiovascular responses to psychological stress.
Alderman BL, Arent SM, Landers DM, Rogers TJ.
Psychophysiology. 2007 Sep;44(5):759-66. Epub 2007 Jun 20.
17584185
Select item 17415219 34.
PI tool patches broken communication.
Kalisch BJ, Hurley P, Hodges M, Landers D, Richter G, Stefanov S, Curley M.
Nurs Manage. 2007 Apr;38(4):16, 18. No abstract available.
Select item 17365544 35.
A comparison of modelling and imagery in the acquisition and retention of motor skills.
Ram N, Riggs SM, Skaling S, Landers DM, McCullagh P.
J Sports Sci. 2007 Mar;25(5):587-97.
Select item 17336056 36.
Landers KL, Moore RW, Dunkley CS, Herrera P, Kim WK, Landers DA, Howard ZR, McReynolds JL, Bryd JA, Kubena LF, Nisbet DJ, Ricke SC.
Bioresour Technol. 2008 Feb;99(3):604-8. Epub 2007 Mar 1.
17336056
Select item 17240235 37.
Select item 16749678 38.
Hageman KJ, Simonich SL, Campbell DH, Wilson GR, Landers DH.
Environ Sci Technol. 2006 May 15;40(10):3174-80.
Select item 16647685 39.
Premature rupture of the fetal membranes: is the amnion the major determinant?
Oyen ML, Calvin SE, Landers DV.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006 Aug;195(2):510-5. Epub 2006 May 2.
Select item 16532602 40.
Quantitative evaluation of macrophage aggregates in brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss.
Schwindt AR, Truelove N, Schreck CB, Fournie JW, Landers DH, Kent ML.
Dis Aquat Organ. 2006 Jan 30;68(2):101-13.
Select item 16490256 41.
Select item 16009640 42.
Vaginal breech deliveries selected using computed tomographic pelvimetry may be associated with fewer adverse outcomes.
Jeyabalan A, Larkin RW, Landers DV.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2005 Jun;17(6):381-5.
Select item 15763910 43.
Improving universal prenatal screening for human immunodeficiency virus.
Anderson BL, Simhan HN, Landers DV.
Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 2004 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):115-20.
Select item 15118630 44.
Select item 15060281 45.
Acetylcholinesterase/paraoxonase genotype and expression predict anxiety scores in Health, Risk Factors, Exercise Training, and Genetics study.
Sklan EH, Lowenthal A, Korner M, Ritov Y, Landers DM, Rankinen T, Bouchard C, Leon AS, Rice T, Rao DC, Wilmore JH, Skinner JS, Soreq H.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Apr 13;101(15):5512-7. Epub 2004 Apr 1.
Select item 15058892 46.
Crews DJ, Lochbaum MR, Landers DM.
Percept Mot Skills. 2004 Feb;98(1):319-24.
Select item 14977244 47.
Effects of life-event stress and hardiness on peripheral vision in a real-life stress situation.
Rogers TJ, Alderman BL, Landers DM.
Behav Med. 2003 Spring;29(1):21-6.
14977244
Select item 14768844 48.
Arousal, anxiety, and performance: a reexamination of the Inverted-U hypothesis.
Arent SM, Landers DM.
Res Q Exerc Sport. 2003 Dec;74(4):436-44.
Select item 14767247 49.
Factors related to rapid weight loss practices among international-style wrestlers.
Alderman B, Landers DM, Carlson J, Scott JR.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004 Feb;36(2):249-52.
14767247
Select item 14586337 50.
Yudin MH, Prosen TL, Landers DV.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003 Oct;189(4):973-6.
14586337
Landers D[Author]

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text:
Marie Antoinette: A Life from Beginning to End (Audiobook) by Hourly History | Audible.com
By FCD117 on 03-11-19
Her name was Marie Antoinette. She was the last queen of France and among the most notorious of royalty ever to wear the crown. But besides the tales that would make The National Enquirer blush, just what do we know about Marie Antoinette? While the peasants of France were starving for lack of bread, did she really say, “Let them eat cake!”? Or was it all a carefully crafted smear campaign?
Groomed to become queen
The failed wedding night
Under the protection of Lafayette
The last French king and queen
Animosity against Marie Antoinette, the Austrian-born woman who many French citizens viewed as a transplanted upstart, had been brewing for several years. But was there any truth to their claims of the queen squandering resources and neglecting the lives of her subjects?
Come along as we rediscover the life and legend of the ill-fated last queen of France - Marie Antoinette.
I love history, hourly histories are well written. The narration is very good they are long enough to have a good story
This book is read by an American which just didn't feel right and the repetition was offputting from chapter one. Didn't get through it.

value: This website is an American online audiobook and podcast service that allows users to purchase and stream audiobooks and other forms of spoken word content. This content can be purchased individually or under a subscription model where the user receives "credits" that can be redeemed for content monthly and receive access to a curated on-demand library of content.


text:
US says not oblivious to Pak's N-plans | india | Hindustan Times
US says not oblivious to Pak's N-plans
Also, Pakistan Foreign Office spokesperson Tasnim Aslam clarified that her country isn't the first to introduce nuke weapons in South Asia.
india Updated: Jul 25, 2006 15:51 IST
US has said that it already had knowledge of Pakistan's plans to build a powerful new reactor to make weapon-grade plutonium.
It has also said that it would seek to discourage both Islamabad and New Delhi from expanding their nuclear weapons programme.
"We have known of these plans for some time and we discourage military use of the facility," said White House spokesman Tony Snow.
"Pakistan is not a party to the non-proliferation treaty, nor is India and, therefore, they do develop their capabilities independently.
"But we continue to discourage the expansion and modernisation of nuclear weapons programmes, both of India and Pakistan," he said.
The US also supported a fissile material cut-off treaty that it had introduced at the UN Conference on Disarmament and continued to impress on all the states that produce fissile material to observe a voluntary production moratorium, as US had done for a very long time, Snow added.
Meanwhile, State Department's deputy spokesman Tom Casey discounted suggestions that the Bush administration was withholding a report showing a connection between India and Iran since the India-US nuclear deal was awaiting Congressional approval.
The semi-annual Iran Non-proliferation Act Compliance Report detailing activities of foreign companies and entities that may have assisted Iran in proliferation activities would be out very shortly, he said, asserting there are no political considerations that are delaying its release to the Hill.

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autovonbismarck comments on Those Monday morning problems.jump to contentmy subredditsannouncementsArtAskRedditaskscienceawwblogbookscreepydataisbeautifulDIYDocumentariesEarthPornexplainlikeimfiveFitnessfoodfunnyFuturologygadgetsgamingGetMotivatedgifshistoryIAmAInternetIsBeautifulJokesLifeProTipslistentothismildlyinterestingmoviesMusicnewsnosleepnottheonionOldSchoolCoolpersonalfinancephilosophyphotoshopbattlespicsscienceShowerthoughtsspacesportstelevisiontifutodayilearnedTwoXChromosomesUpliftingNewsvideosworldnewsWritingPromptsedit subscriptionsfront-all-random | news-photoshopbattles-Jokes-movies-Art-books-worldnews-television-Showerthoughts-TwoXChromosomes-gadgets-OldSchoolCool-Documentaries-history-gifs-philosophy-todayilearned-LifeProTips-listentothis-AskReddit-pics-askscience-aww-dataisbeautiful-EarthPorn-tifu-UpliftingNews-science-gaming-nosleep-food-personalfinance-DIY-space-IAmA-creepy-Music-sports-videos-Futurology-funny-nottheonion-Fitness-GetMotivated-explainlikeimfive-mildlyinteresting-WritingPrompts-InternetIsBeautifulmore » talesfromtechsupportcommentsrelatedwant to join? sign in or create an account in seconds|Englishlimit my search to /r/talesfromtechsupportuse the following search parameters to narrow your results:subreddit:subredditfind submissions in "subreddit"author:usernamefind submissions by "username"site:example.comfind submissions from "example.com"url:textsearch for "text" in urlselftext:textsearch for "text" in self post contentsself:yes (or self:no)include (or exclude) self postsnsfw:yes (or nsfw:no)include (or exclude) results marked as NSFWe.g. subreddit:aww site:imgur.com dogsee the search faq for details.advanced search: by author, subreddit...this post was submitted on 26 Nov 2012460 points (96% upvoted)shortlink: remember mereset passwordloginShare Your Tale!talesfromtechsupportsubscribeunsubscribe240,758 readers518 users here now> FILTER POSTS BY LENGTH < All
created by MagicBigfootxyzzya community for 3 yearsmessage the moderatorsMODERATORSMagicBigfootxyzzyAutoModeratorabout moderation team »459460461Those Monday morning problems. (self.talesfromtechsupport)submitted 2 years ago by [deleted]110 commentssharecancelsorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onloading...sorted by: besttopnewhotcontroversialoldrandomq & ayou are viewing a single comment's thread.view the rest of the comments →[–]autovonbismarck 31 points32 points33 points 2 years ago (26 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onAlright! I finally get to be that guy!
actually a viola is slightly larger than a violin.
[–]Abedeus 2 points3 points4 points 2 years ago (1 child)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onThat's the original meaning of "violate" in English.
permalink[–]all_seeing_ey3i cant computers help me 3 points4 points5 points 2 years ago (0 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onViola: for the person who cant decide if they want to play the violin or the cello. permalinkparent[–]all_seeing_ey3i cant computers help me 1 point2 points3 points 2 years ago (19 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onjack sparrow voice You're not a violist are you?
permalinkparent[–]autovonbismarck 1 point2 points3 points 2 years ago (18 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted oni always think of the Dude - "you must not be a bowler..."
permalinkparent[–]all_seeing_ey3i cant computers help me 0 points1 point2 points 2 years ago (17 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onMy violinists sense of smug superiority over the violist demands I use the mocking tones of captain sparrow. :P
permalinkparent[–]autovonbismarck 5 points6 points7 points 2 years ago (16 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onWhat's the difference between a violin and a viola?
permalinkparent[–]all_seeing_ey3i cant computers help me 1 point2 points3 points 2 years ago (14 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onI found the vocalist. ^
permalinkparent[–]autovonbismarck 8 points9 points10 points 2 years ago (13 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onHow do you know it's the lead singer knocking at your door?
He's always late and he never knows when to come in.
permalinkparent[–]all_seeing_ey3i cant computers help me 3 points4 points5 points 2 years ago (12 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onHow do you know if your stage is level? Drool is coming out of both sides of the drummers mouth. permalinkparent[–]autovonbismarck 2 points3 points4 points 2 years ago (11 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onhaha. I prefer "what do you call somebody who hangs out with musicians" "a drummer"
permalinkparent[–]all_seeing_ey3i cant computers help me 0 points1 point2 points 2 years ago (10 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onBassists
permalinkparentcontinue this thread[–][deleted] -1 points0 points1 point 2 years ago (0 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onGreat. I just snotted all over my desk.
permalinkparent[–]KynaeusLab Sysadmin -2 points-1 points0 points 2 years ago (2 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onI'm pretty sure it was just a typo of voilà
permalinkparent[–]autovonbismarck -1 points0 points1 point 2 years ago (1 child)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xECUrlnXCqk
permalinkparent[–]KynaeusLab Sysadmin -1 points0 points1 point 2 years ago (0 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onMaybe you are all homosexuals
permalinkparentaboutblogaboutteamsource codeadvertisejobshelpwikiFAQreddiquetterulescontact ustoolsmobilefirefox extensionchrome extensionbuttonswidget<3reddit goldstoreredditgiftsreddit AMA appreddit.tvradio redditUse of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy (updated). © 2015 reddit inc. All rights reserved.REDDIT and the ALIEN Logo are registered trademarks of reddit inc.create a new accountusername:password:verify password:email: (optional)remember mecreate accountsign inusername:password:remember mereset passwordsign inWe care about your privacy, and we never spam. By creating an account, you agree to reddit's User Agreement and Privacy Policy. We're proud of them, and you should read them.English [en]العربية [ar]Беларуская мова [be]български език [bg]Bosanski [bs]català [ca]česky [cs]dansk [da]Deutsch [de]Ελληνικά [el]English (Australia) [en-au]English (Canadian) [en-ca]English (Great Britain) [en-gb]English [en-us]Esperanto [eo]español [es]español [es-ar]eesti keel [et]Euskara [eu]فارسی [fa]suomi [fi]français [fr]Gàidhlig [gd]עברית [he]मानक हिन्दी [hi]hrvatski [hr]Magyar [hu]Հայերեն լեզու [hy]Bahasa Indonesia [id]íslenska [is] (*)italiano (Italy) [it]日本語 [ja]ಕನ್ನಡ [kn_IN]한국어 [ko]Latin [la]1337 [leet]LOL [lol]lietuvių kalba [lt]latviešu valoda [lv]Nederlands [nl]Nynorsk [nn]Norsk [no]Arrrrrrrr! [pir]polski [pl]português [pt] (*)português [pt-pt]português brasileiro [pt_BR]română [ro]русский [ru]slovenčina [sk]slovenščina [sl]српски језик [sr]Srpski [sr-la]Svenska [sv]தமிழ் [ta]ภาษาไทย [th]Türkçe [tr]українська мова [uk]Tiếng Việt [vi]中文 [zh] (*) incomplete volunteer to translateπ Rendered by PID 10877 on app-63 at 2015-02-27 06:44:13.197400+00:00 running 160e947 country code: US.

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text:
Watford 4 Doncaster 1: Marvin Sordell nets brace as Herold Goulon is sent off | Daily Mail Online
Watford 4 Doncaster 1: Sordell at the double as Hornets sting 10-man Donny
By Sportsmail Reporter Updated: 10:21 EST, 31 December 2011
Marvin Sordell's brace ensured in-form Watford ended 2011 with victory against a lowly Doncaster side who were made to pay the price for Herold Goulon's dismissal.
Brace yourself: Sordell scored twice in Watford's 4-1 win over Doncaster
Watford: Loach, Hodson, Mariappa, Nosworthy, Dickinson, Yeates, Kightly, Buaben (Eustace 83), Hogg, Deeney (Iwelumo 86), Sordell (Garner 87).
Subs Not Used: Bond, Doyley. Booked: Kightly.
Goals: Sordell 44, 68, Eustace 84, Kightly 90.
Doncaster: Gary Woods, Chimbonda (O'Connor 25), Hird, Beye, Ilunga, Barnes, Gillett (Bennett 83), Coppinger, Goulon, Sharp, Diouf (Hayter 87).
Subs Not Used: Maxted, Friend. Sent Off: Goulon (64).
Booked: Goulon, Beye, Diouf. Goals: Sharp 47.

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text:
Agencies, New Delhi | Updated: Jul 25, 2015 13:31 IST
The Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) government has cited a 2011 communication by former home minister P Chidambaram to the Delhi government in ourder to counter lieutenant governor (LG) Najeeb Jung's assertion that the 'government' in Delhi meant the LG.
The fresh letter cropped up in the wake of Jung seeking an explanation from the Delhi government on how Swati Maliwal, wife of an AAP leader, was appointed as the chairperson of the Delhi Commission for Women (DCW) without his approval. Scrapping the appointment, Jung had declared his office synonymous with the government of Delhi, referring to a home ministry order of 2002.
Officials in the Delhi government said that Chidambaram, in a letter to then chief minister Sheila Dikshit, had clearly "clarified" that government in the national capital meant the elected government and that the lieutenant governor was "bound" to act on the aid and advice of the council of ministers.
Chidambaram, in the letter dated January 31, 2011, had cited the then attorney general Goolam E Vahanvati to clarify the Delhi government's queries on whether it had the right to fix circle rates.
In the letter to Dikshit, Chidambaram -- quoting the attorney general's views -- said the term government, according to the provisions of the Indian Stamp Act, 1899, the Delhi Stamp (Prevention of Undervaluation of Instruments) Rules, 2007, and Entry 63 of List II of the seventh schedule of the Constitution, means the government of NCT.
The letter came in response to the Dikshit government's queries about whether it has powers to fix cirle rates in the city.
Chief minister Arvind Kejriwal had slammed Jung on Thursday for his assertion that he was the 'Government in Delhi', saying it will result in dictatorship and that his stand was not only unconstitutional but "laughable" in a democratic country.
Striking a conciliatory note, Jung later clarified his position on the issue in a letter to the chief minister, saying Kejriwal misunderstood him. Jung said he never his intended to "negate the position of the Chief Minister or the authority of the elected government" and will clear the file on appointment of DCW chief Maliwal once it is properly processed.
After being accused of acting at the behest of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Jung, however, criticised Kejriwal for making "inappropriate" references to the Prime Minister in a letter the CM sent to him on Thursday.
Jung and Kejriwal have a history of differences over the appointment and transfer of senior bureaucrats as well as the functioning of Anti-Corruption Branch (ACB).
Read: Your remarks against PM Modi unsavoury: LG Jung tells Kejriwal


text:
Jerri L Ward - Semantic Scholar
Jerri L Ward
Deanna M Hoelscher4
Steven H Kelder4
R Sue Day3
Albert C Hergenroeder1
Christine McCullum-Gomez1
17Deanna M. Hoelscher
13Steven H. Kelder
10Cristina S. Barroso
8Gita G. Mirchandani
8Andrew E. Springer
Reproducibility and validity of the secondary level School-Based Nutrition Monitoring student questionnaire.
Deanna M Hoelscher, Raymond Day, Steven H. Kelder, Jerri L Ward
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the reproducibility and validity of the School-Based Nutrition Monitoring (SBNM) secondary level student questionnaire. DESIGN Reproducibility was evaluated using a… (More)
Measuring the prevalence of overweight in Texas schoolchildren.
Deanna M Hoelscher, Raymond Day, +4 authors Michael Scheurer
OBJECTIVES We describe results from year 1 of a surveillance system to monitor body mass index in children at the state level. METHODS A sample of 6630 children attending Texas public schools,… (More)
Factors influencing implementation of the Coordinated Approach to Child Health (CATCH) Eat Smart School Nutrition Program in Texas.
Christine McCullum-Gómez, Cristina S. Barroso, Deanna M Hoelscher, Jerri L Ward, Steven H. Kelder
The purpose of this research was to evaluate factors influencing the implementation of the Coordinated Approach to Child Health (CATCH) Eat Smart School Nutrition Program in Texas using data from the… (More)
Menarchal status and calf circumference predict calcaneal ultrasound measurements in girls.
Albert C Hergenroeder, Deanna M Hoelscher, Raymond Day, Steven H. Kelder, Jerri L Ward
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to predict calcaneal QUS measurements in healthy adolescent females as a function of anthropometric measures, pubertal stage and menarchal status. METHODS This… (More)
Maintenance of a health promotion program in elementary schools: results from the CATCH-ON study key informant interviews.
Leslie A. Lytle, Jerri L Ward, Phillip R Nader, Sheryl Pedersen, Bill Williston
To better understand the institutionalization process in Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health (CATCH) intervention and control schools, 199 key informant interviews were conducted… (More)

value: This website is an artificial-intelligence backed search engine for academic publications developed at the Allen Institute for AI and publicly released in November 2015. It uses advances in natural language processing to provide summaries for scholarly papers.


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???initialComments:true! pubdate:09/12/2012 19:10 EDT! commentPeriod:14! commentEndDate:9/26/12 7:10 EDT! currentDate:3/16/14 8:0 EDT! allowComments:false! displayComments:true!
A Commonwealth Court judge ruled the Republican-backed law was a reasonable demand to protect the integrity of the election process, rejecting arguments from Democrats and minority groups that it could disenfranchise hundreds of thousands of voters who lack the required ID.That is only one in a series of court decisions and appeals that illustrate the murky nature of the nation’s voting debate.The Pennsylvania decision aside, Democrats, minority groups and civil rights organizations have had a successful few weeks challenging an unprecedented number of voting-law changes enacted largely by Republican-led states where officials said they were trying to prevent voter fraud.“There’s no question that we’ve won many more of the lawsuits than we’ve lost,” said Lawrence Norden, an official at the Brennan Center for Justice at New York University Law School, a leading opponent of the laws. He said seven laws in six states have been successfully challenged.Florida on Wednesday agreed to terms with groups that alleged the state’s efforts to cull potential non-citizens from voting rolls targeted Hispanics. The state said it would have election officials contact 2,600 potential non-citizens on a list released this summer to tell them they were eligible to vote in the fall.The state said Wednesday that after gaining access to a federal database of those registered as non-citizens, it found 207 names on voting rolls. The state originally had identified 180,000 possible noncitizens out of the state’s 11.2 million voters.The state has not discovered whether any of the 207 had ever voted or were registered by accident, but Florida Secretary of State Ken Detzner said it showed the state has a “successful process to identify illegally registered voters.”Those who opposed the state’s efforts said that they agreed non-citizens should not be on the rolls but that the state had spent much effort for little results and may have discouraged legitimate voters in the process. “I still do not believe there is a big problem of non-citizens on the voting rolls,” said Penda Hair of Advancement Project, one of the groups that sued Florida.Similarly, a search in Colorado turned up 141 potential non-citizens, but the state said it is too late to begin removing them from rolls if they are indeed non-citizens.Much of the attention on the voting changes has centered on new voter-ID laws passed by many states, including several swing states. Two state judges in Wisconsin have blocked implementation of that state’s law, saying it violates the state constitution’s protection of voting rights. Attorney General J.B. Van Hollen (R) has asked the state Supreme Court to overturn the decisions, but it is unclear whether the court will accept the challenge.A panel of three federal judges in Washington has blocked Texas’s voter-ID law, saying it would impose “strict, unforgiving burdens” on poor and minority voters. Texas will appeal the decision to the Supreme Court, but said it is too late to try to implement the law in time for the November elections.A similar panel of judges is considering a South Carolina voter-ID law.There are two reasons for the seemingly contradictory judicial views on voter-ID laws.The first is the burden of proof. Texas and South Carolina are among the jurisdictions covered by Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act, requiring them to prove to the Justice Department or federal judges that any new election standards would not harm minorities. The evidence offered by Texas was “unpersuasive, invalid, or both,” according to U.S. Circuit Judge David S. Tatel.In Pennsylvania, on the other hand, the burden was on challengers to prove that the law would prevent certain people from voting. Judge Robert Simpson said that the challengers still had time to obtain proper ID and that it is a “reasonable, non-discriminatory, non-severe burden when viewed in the broader context of the widespread use of photo ID in daily life.”The second reason is that not all voter-ID laws are the same. The Justice Department, for instance, has approved laws in Virginia and New Hampshire that provide alternatives to a strict photo requirement but opposed the Texas and South Carolina laws.Thomas Fitton, president of Judicial Watch, which supports the laws, said they reflect common sense and public acceptance.“Despite all the noise, more than 30 states are going to have a voter ID requirement in the coming election,” he said.Fitton said that will protect the electoral decision. Norden, of the Brennan Center, said it could lead to disenfranchisement.Even if the recent challenges are upheld, Norden said, “in November 2012 it is going to be more difficult for many people to vote than it was in November 2010.”
Koch brothers group to hit Colorado's Udall White House is ‘the ultimate on-call job’ for workers with children at home
Jerry Markon As viewing habits change, political campaigns must change their habits, as well
Associated Press Mitch McConnell wants to punch conservatives in the face, new attack ad says
Koch brothers group to hit Colorado's Udall Read In

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text: William Gay#22 CB5' 10", 190 lbsPittsburgh SteelersBornJan 1, 1985 in Tallahassee, FL (Age: 30)Drafted 2007: 5th Rnd, 170th by PITExperience8th seasonCollegeLouisville2014 SeasonCOMBFFINT6903Career43679Complete Stats »Go toWilliam GayPlayer ProfileStatsSplitsGame LogVideosPhotosShop William Gay Pictures63 Results1 of 5

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text:
Graceland [25th Anniversary Edition] by Sony Legacy, Paul Simon | 886919147124 | CD | Barnes & Noble
Graceland [25th Anniversary Edition] by
Editorial Reviews All Music Guide - William Ruhlmann The simple answer to the question, "What made Graceland the most successful album of Paul Simon's solo career and one of the best albums of the 1980s?" is that Simon hit on the idea of combining his always perceptive songwriting with the little-heard mbaqanga music of South Africa, creating a fascinating hybrid that re-enchanted his old audience and earned him a new one. It is true that the South African angle (including its controversial aspect during the apartheid days) was a powerful marketing tool and that the catchy music succeeded in presenting listeners with that magical combination: something they'd never heard before that nevertheless sounded familiar. But ...
CD (Anniversary Edition / Bonus DVD)
The Collection [6 CD]Simon & Garfunkel
Ladysmith Black Mambazo &...Ladysmith Black Mambazo
[The 25th Anniversary edition of Graceland arrives in several different formats: a single-disc expanded by four cuts -- a demo of 'Homeless,' an alternate version of 'Diamonds on the Soles of Her Shoes,' an early version of 'All Around the World or the Myth of Fingerprints,' and 'The Story of 'Graceland' as Told by Paul Simon'; a double-disc that contains all those four tracks and adds demos of 'You Can Call Me Al' and 'Crazy Love' to the CD, then devotes a DVD to the acclaimed feature-length documentary Under African Skies; and a deluxe box, exclusively sold at Amazon, that separates the bonus tracks onto a second CD, adds a third CD of five live tracks recorded on a 1989 tour of Spain, then has the DVD of the documentary, in addition to various tchotchkes, books, and replicas. Among all these musical extras lie only two new archival cuts: the spare demos of 'You Can Call Me Al' and 'Crazy Love,' items that are surely worth the time of the devoted, but what makes this worthwhile for those who have purchased either of the previous reissues of Graceland -- the latest arriving in 2011, just months before the release of this deluxe set -- is the presence of Under African Skies, the feature directed by Joe Berlinger (who helmed the Metallica doc Some Kind of Monster), who doesn't shy away from some of the uncomfortable questions surrounding the creation of Graceland.]
Release Date: 6/5/2012Label: Sony LegacyUPC: 886919147124
Catalog Number: 191471 Sales rank: 1,860
- General MD Shirinda & The Gaza Sisters
That Was You Mother
Diamonds on the Soles of Her Shoes [Saturday Night Live, November 22, 1
A Comeback Album That Made A Difference
In the 1980's, South Africa had more than 15 millions blacks who lived under the brutal, segregationist system of apartheid, ruled by only a few million whites. Nelson Mandella was still in prison for trying to overthrow that system. And any entertainer who performed in South Africa ran the risk of landing on the United Nations blacklist. One person who defied that risk was Paul Simon, whose career had been floundering since his on-again, off-again reunion with Art Garfunkel in 1981. The result was "Graceland", which not only didn't put Simon on that blacklist and resuscitated his career but it helped bring greater awareness to the tremendous talent of the South African musicians who lived under these harsh conditions.
It's no secret that Simon was always fascinated with black music. His first solo album was partly recorded in Jamaica ("Mother And Child Reunion"). "Loves Me Like A Rock" sounds like the best Gospel song ever written by a Jewish New Yorker. And "Hearts And Bones" was supposed to have been a doo-wop record with Simon and Garfunkel. "Graceland", however, was an entirely different kind of beast. Simon recorded this album with a bevvy of South African musicians that included Miriam Mekaba, Hugh Maskella and The Ladysmith Black Mambazzo. These musicians give Simon's folk and soulful songs a more joyful, loopy bouyancy and even a positive attitude (all the more remarkable given the conditions at the time). Many of these musicians toured with Simon and as they did, their stories came out and helped expose the daily, grinding nature of an ugly, racist government. This 25th anniversary collection features the album in its entireity as well as a few outtakes, the best of which are the accepella numbers Simon did with The Ladysmith Black Mambazzo ("Homeless" and "Diamonds On The Soles Of Her Shoes" are particular stand-outs). There is also a DVD which features the videos Simon did at the time---yes, Simon is here with Chevy Chase doing the hit single, "You Can Call Me Al". But the DVD also features a wonderful documentary, "Under African Skies", detailing the making of this landmark album. Just watching this documentary makes you gasp at just how hard it was for Simon and these musicians to make this record. Though it took place 25 years ago, it seems like a hundred. Since this record came out, South Africa has long since abolished its apartheid policies. Nelson Mandella was released from prison and later became the country's President. As for Simon, who has been elected to The Rock And Roll Hall Of Fame twice, he continues to explore new ways to express himself through music. Like Steven Van Zandt's Artists United Against Apartheid "Sun City" album, Paul Simon's "Graceland" made you think as well as dance. And yes, it truly made a difference.

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