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Patent USRE32508 - Hose structure - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsA material transporting hose of integral construction having a body of flexible, resilient material which includes a pair of longitudinally reinforced portions disposed on opposite sides of the cross-section of the body. The portions include at least one elongated reinforcing member embedded therein...http://www.google.com/patents/USRE32508?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent USRE32508 - Hose structureAdvanced Patent SearchTry the new Google Patents, with machine-classified Google Scholar results, and Japanese and South Korean patents.Publication numberUSRE32508 EPublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 06/278,019Publication dateSep 22, 1987Filing dateJun 29, 1981Priority dateJun 29, 1981Publication number06278019, 278019, US RE32508 E, US RE32508E, US-E-RE32508, USRE32508 E, USRE32508EInventorsRobert H. FeuchtOriginal AssigneeThe Goodyear Tire & Rubber CompanyExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (11), Referenced by (13), Classifications (8) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetHose structure
US RE32508 EAbstract
I claim: .[.1. A material transporting hose of integral construction comprising a body of flexible resilient material including at least one ply of reinforcing material extending generally circumferentially thereof to provide reinforcement against radial forces within the hose and an outer cover surrounding said reinforcing material, a pair of circumferentially spaced longitudinally reinforced portions providing primary resistance to elongation of the hose and constriction of the hose opening caused by excessive end loads, said portions surrounded by said cover so as to be disposed completely within said body on opposite sides of the cross section thereof, said portions each having at least one elongated stress-resisting reinforcing member embedded therein with said member extending generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hose and capable of withstanding substantial longitudinal tensile stresses applied to the end of the hose to provide the hose with longitudinal strength, and remaining portions free of said reinforcing members disposed adjacent to said longitudinally reinforced portions on each side thereof with said longitudinally reinforced portions having a total combined perimeter equal to or less than the total combined perimeter of the remaining portions of the cross-section of said body therebetween to provide a hose construction in which at least one-half of the hose remains flexible in a longitudinal direction thereby enabling the hose to be more easily reeled upon itself and less likely to develop kinks..]. .[.2. The hose as claimed in claim 1 wherein said longitudinally reinforced portions include a plurality of said members with substantially an equal number of said members in each portion to provide a balanced symmetrical hose construction..]. .[.3. The hose as claimed in claim 1 wherein each said longitudinally reinforced portion comprises at least two parallel layers of said members..]. .[.4. The hose as claimed in claim 1 wherein said body comprises a plurality of plies of reinforcing material therein and said members are interposed between any two said plies..]. .[.5. The hose as claimed in claim 1 wherein said members are reinforcing cords comprised of at least one material selected from the group consisting of nylon, rayon, polyester, fiber glass and metal..]. .[.6. The hose as claimed in claim 1 wherein said portions are disposed substantially at the neutral axis of said hose..]. .[.7. The hose as claimed in claim 5 wherein said reinforcing material extends in a biased relationship to said cords with said members being comprised of polyester and said reinforcing material
being comprised of nylon..]. .[.8. The hose as claimed in claim 6 wherein said hose has a substantially circular cross-sectional configuration and said longitudinally reinforced portions define a total combined arc of 180° or less..]. .[.9. The hose as claimed in claim 8 wherein said longitudinally reinforced portions define a total combined arc of 120° or less..]. .[.10. The hose as claimed in claim 8 wherein each said portion extends in an arc of about 45° or less on each side of the neutral axis of the hose..]. .[.11. The hose as claimed in claim 9 wherein each said portion extends in an arc of about 30° or less on each side of the neutral axis of the hose..]. .[.12. A fluid transporting hose of a generally circular cross-sectional configuration having a reinforced body of flexible elastomeric material including an inner tube and an outer cover of elastomeric material and at least one ply of reinforcing material disposed between said tube and cover extending generally circumferentially about said body to provide reinforcement against radial forces within the hose, a pair of spaced longitudinally reinforced strips providing primary resistance to elongation of the hose and constriction of the hose opening caused by excessive end loads, said strips surrounded by said cover so as to be disposed completely within said body on diametrically opposite sides of the cross-section thereof, said cover having a substantially uniform thickness with no substantial protuberances therein, said strips including a plurality of elongated stress-resisting reinforcing cords embedded therein and disposed in at least one layer and extending generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hose with said cords capable of withstanding substantial longitudinal tensile stresses applied to the end of the hose to provide the hose with longitudinal strength with the remainder of the cross section of said body being free of said cords, said strips having a total combined circumferential dimension substantially less than the circumferential dimension of the remainder of the cross section of said body to provide an integral hose construction in which a majority of the hose remains flexible in a longitudinal direction thereby enabling the hose to be more easily reeled upon itself and less likely to develop kinks..]. .[.13. The hose as claimed in claim 12 wherein said body comprises a plurality of plies of reinforcing material therein and said strips are interposed between any two said plies substantially at the neutral axis of said hose..]. .[.14. The hose as claimed in claim 13 wherein said strips define a total combined arc of 180° or less..]. .[.15. The hose as claimed in claim 14 wherein said strips define a total combined arc of 120° or less..]. .[.16. The hose as claimed in claim 14 wherein each said strip extends in an arc of about 45° or less on each side of the neutral axis of the hose..]. .[.17. The hose as claimed in claim 16 wherein each said strip extends in an arc of about 30° or less on each side of the neutral axis of the hose..].
.Iadd. 8. A material transporting hose of integral construction comprising a body of flexible resilient elastomeric material having a generally circular cross-sectional configuration, said body including:an inner tube and an outer cover; reinforcing material of a balanced symmetrical construction extending generally circumferentially about said tube and surrounded by said cover to provide reinforcement against radial forces within the hose; and a pair of circumferentially spaced longitudinally reinforced portions having in cross section a total combined perimeter which is substantially less than the perimeter of the cross section of the body, said portions extending substantially the entire length of the hose thereby providing primary resistance to elongation of the hose and constriction of the hose opening caused by excessive end loads, said portions being surrounded by said cover so as to be disposed completely within said body on opposite sides of the cross section thereof between said cover and said tube, said cover having a substantially uniform thickness with no substantial protuberances therein, said portions each including a plurality of elongated stress-resisting reinforcing members with substantially an equal number of said members in each portion to provide a balanced symmetrical hose construction, each said member extending generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hose for substantially the entire length of said hose, and being capable of withstanding substantial longitudinal stresses applied to the end of the hose to provide the hose with longitudinal strength; and remaining portions free of said reinforcing members disposed adjacent to said longitudinally reinforced portions on each side thereof with said longitudinally reinforced portions having a total combined perimeter equal to or less than the total combined perimeter of the remaining portions of the cross-section of said body therebetween to provide a hose construction in which at least one-half of the hose remains flexible in a longitudinal direction for enabling the hose to be more easily reeled upon itself and less likely to develop kinks. .Iaddend. .Iadd.19. The hose as claimed in claim 18 wherein each said longitudinally reinforced portion includes at least two parallel layers of said members. .Iaddend. .Iadd.20. The hose as claimed in claim 18 wherein said reinforcing material includes a plurality of plies and each said member is interposed between any two said plies of reinforcing material. .Iaddend. .Iadd.21. The hose as claimed in claim 18 wherein said members are reinforcing cords comprised of at least one material selected from the group consisting of nylon, rayon, polyester, fiber glass and metal. .Iaddend. .Iadd.22. The hose as claimed in claim 18 wherein said hose has a neutral axis and wherein said reinforced portions are disposed substantially at the neutral axis of said hose. .Iaddend. .Iadd.23. The hose as claimed in claim 22 wherein said reinforcing material is a plurality of cord plies extending in a bias relationship to said reinforcing cords and wherein said reinforcing cords are comprised of polyester and said reinforcing material is comprised of nylon. .Iaddend. .Iadd.24. The hose as claimed in claim 23 wherein said longitudinally reinforced portions define a total combined arc of 180° or less. .Iaddend. .Iadd.25. The hose as claimed in claim 24 wherein said longitudinally reinforced portions define a total combined arc of 120° or less. .Iaddend. .Iadd.26. The hose as claimed in claim 24 wherein each said longitudinally reinforced portion extends in an arc of about 45° or less on each side of the neutral axis of the hose. .Iaddend. .Iadd.27. The hose as claimed in claim 25 wherein each said longitudinally reinforced portion extends in an arc of about 30° or less on each side of the neutral axis of the hose. .Iadd.28. A fluid transporting hose of a generally circular cross-sectional configuration having a reinforced body of flexible elastomeric material, said body including:an inner tube and an outer cover of elastomeric material and a plurality of cord plies of reinforcing material disposed between said tube and cover and extending generally circumferentially about said body to provide reinforcement against radial forces within the hose, a pair of spaced longitudinally reinforced strips having in cross section a total combined circumferential dimension which is substantially less than the circumferential dimension of the cross section of the body, said strips extending substantially the entire length of said hose thereby providing primary resistance to elongation of the hose and constriction of the hose opening caused by excessive end loads, said strips surrounded by said cover so as to be disposed completely within said body on diametrically opposite sides of the cross section thereof, said cover having a substantially uniform thickness with no substantial protuberances therein, said strips including a plurality of elongated stress-resisting reinforcing cords embedded therein and disposed in at least one layer and extending generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hose for substantially its entire length, said cords being capable of withstanding substantial longitudinal tensile stresses applied to the end of the hose to provide the hose with longitudinal strength with the remainder of the cross section of said body disposed adjacent to said strips being free of said cords, said strips having a total combined circumferential dimension substantially less than the circumferential dimension of the remainder of the cross section of said body to provide an integral hose construction in which a majority of the hose remains flexible in a longitudinal direction thereby enabling the hose to be more easily reeled upon itself and less likely to develop kinks. .Iaddend. .Iadd.29. A fluid transporting hose of a generally circular cross-sectional configuration having a neutral axis a reinforced body of elastomeric material including an inner tube and an outer cover of elastomeric material and at least one ply of reinforcing material disposed between said tube and cover extending generally circumferentially about said body to provide reinforcement against radial forces within the hose, a pair of spaced longitudinally reinforced strips, providing primary resistance to elongation of the hose and constriction of the hose opening caused by excessive end loads, said strips surrounded by said cover so as to be disposed completely within said body on diametrically opposite sides of the cross-section thereof, said cover having a substantially uniform thickness with no substantial protuberances therein, said strips including a plurality of elongated stress-resisting reinforcing cords embedded therein and disposed in at least one layer and extending generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hose with said cords capable of withstanding substantial longitudinal tensile stresses applied to the end of the hose to provide the hose with longitudinal strength with the remainder of the cross section of said body being free of said cords, said strips having a total combined circumferential dimension substantially less than the circumferential dimension of the remainder of the cross section of said body to provide an integral hose construction in which a majority of the hose remains flexible in a longitudinal direction thereby enabling the hose to be more easily reeled upon itself and less likely to develop kinks, said body including a plurality of plies of reinforcing material therein and said strips being interposed between any two said plies substantially at the neutral axis of said hose. .Iaddend. .Iadd.30. The hose as claimed in claim 29 wherein said cords of said strips are composed of nylon and said strips define a total combined arc of approximately 180°. .Iaddend. .Iadd.31. The hose as claimed in claim 29 wherein said cords of said strips are composed of the material selected from at least one of the group consisting of polyester and rayon and said strips define a total combined arc of 180° or less. .Iaddend. .Iadd.32. The hose as defined in claim 29 wherein each said strip extends in an arc of about 45° or less on each side of the neutral axis of the hose. .Iaddend. .Iadd.33. The hose as claimed in claim 29 wherein each said strip extends in an arc of about 30° or less on each side of the neutral axis of the hose. .Iaddend. .Iadd.34. The hose as claimed in claim 29 wherein said cords are composed of the material selected from at least one of the group consisting of fiber glass and steel and said strips define a total combined arc of 20° or less. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 016,680, filed Apr. 25, 1979, now abandoned. .Iaddend.
This invention relates to a flexible, material transporting hose and more particularly to an improved structure for such hose. This invention specifically relates to long length, fluid transporting hose for ship-to-shore and ship-to-ship refueling.
Because of the high stresses to which the hose is subjected, it has heretofore often been the practice in the construction of refueling hose to use a spiral-shaped, wire reinforcement within the hose. However, this hose structure tends to deform or kink when subjected to tension or tensile forces and the repeated bending forces caused by waves due to rough seas. In the prior art, Kuwabara U.S. Pat. No. 3,613,736 discloses a hose end structure of stranded wire reinforcement extending along the axial direction of the hose and disposed around its entire circumference. Although this structure increases the strength of the hose end, it is not suitable for the entire hose length since the hose will not be sufficiently flexible for reeling upon itself. For this reason, a hose construction of this type is not suitable for light or medium duty refueling hose, for example having an inside diameter of 6 or 7 inches.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a material-transporting hose having longitudinal strength and stability but yet being flexible in the longitudinal direction so that it may be easily reeled upon itself and less likely to deform or develop kinks.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a fluid transporting hose such as a refueling hose which will not require a separate cable running parallel to the hose in order to protect the hose from excessive end loads but which is flexible enough to be easily reeled upon itself.
It has been found that the foregoing objects and advantages are accomplished by a material-transporting hose of integral construction comprising a body of flexible resilient material, a pair of longitudinally reinforced portions disposed on opposite sides of the cross section of the body with each portion having at least one elongated reinforcing member embedded therein extending generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hose to provide the hose with longitudinal strength, and remaining portions free of the reinforcing members disposed adjacent to the longitudinally reinforced portions on each side thereof. The longitudinally reinforced portions have a total combined perimeter equal to or less than the total combined perimeter of the remaining portions of the cross section of the body therebetween to provide a hose construction in which at least one-half of the hose remains flexible in a longitudinal direction thereby enabling the hose to be more easily reeled upon itself and less likely to develop kinks.
The foregoing objects and advantages are also accomplished by the use of a fluid transporting hose of a generally circular cross-sectional configuration having a body of flexible elastomeric material and a pair of longitudinally reinforced strips disposed on diametrically opposite sides of the cross section of the body. The strips include a plurality of elongated reinforcing cords embedded therein and disposed in at least one layer extending generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hose to provide the hose with longitudinal strength thereby resisting undue constriction of the hose opening. The remainder of the cross section of the body is free of the reinforcing cords. The strips have a total combined width or circumferential dimension substantially less than the width or circumferential dimension of the remainder of the cross section of the body to provide an integral hose construction in which a majority of the hose remains flexible in a longitudinal direction thereby enabling the hose to be more easily reeled upon itself and less likely to develop kinks.
FIG. 1 is a fragementary side elevational view showing the hose of this invention as deployed in ship-to-shore or ship-to-ship refueling procedures;
FIG. 5 is a side elevational view of the hose of FIG. 1 in a reeled condition prior to or after use in a refueling system; and
In FIG. 1, a portion of a refueling system 1 is shown in which the material-transporting hose 2 of this invention may be used. A plurality of hose segments are connected together in an end-to-end relationship by means of couplings 3 to form a hose line and the hose 2 is often deposited into a body of water and floats on the water to reach its destination with one end of the hose line connected to a source of fuel (not shown), for example located aboard a ship S. The fuel, such as petroleum based oil, is then capable of being transported either from ship-to-shore or ship-to-ship.
The hose structure is best shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The hose 2 in this instance is a fuel-transporting hose having a generally circular cross-sectional configuration with an inside diameter of about 6 inches. It is to be understood that the circular configuration is only illustrative and the hose may be of other cross-sectional configurations such as elliptical or rectangular. The hose includes a body 4 of flexible resilient material preferably comprised of a fabric-reinforced elastomer such as natural or synthetic rubber or the like. The body 4 ordinarily includes an inner tube 5 and an outer cover 6 of elastomeric material. Since the hose is meant primarily for use in salt water, it is preferred that the elastomeric material of the tube 5 and cover 6 be suitable for exposure to this type environment. For example, the tube 5 of the hose 2 may be composed of compounded nitrile rubber and the cover 6 may be composed of compounded blends of nitrile rubber and polyvinyl chloride.
The body 4 further includes a pair of longitudinally reinforced portions or strips 7 and 7' disposed on diametrically opposite sides of the cross section of the body 4. .Iadd.As shown particularly in FIGS. 2 and 3, each portion 7 and 7' has a total combined perimeter or cross sectional dimension which is substantially less than the perimeter of the cross section of the body 4. .Iaddend.Each portion 7 and 7' has at least one elongated reinforcing member 8 embedded therein extending generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hose to provide the hose .Iadd.for substantially its entire length .Iaddend.with longitudinal strength. .Iadd.As shown in FIG. 3, the portions 7 and 7' containing the reinforcing members 8 extend substantially the entire length of the hose 2 and thereby provide the primary resistance to elongation of the hose and constriction of the hose opening caused by excessive end loads. .Iaddend.The reinforcing members 8 are preferably in the form of a plurality of reinforcing cords of materials conventionally used for reinforcing elastomeric hose or conduits. Accordingly, the cords 8 are comprised of at least one material selected from the group consisting of nylon, rayon, polyester, fiber glass and metal. The cords 8 may be laid in place in the hose body 4 individually or may be incorporated therein in the form of a strip of textile or wire cord fabric as shown in FIG. 2. It is preferred that an equal number of cord members 8 be disposed in each portion 7 and 7' to provide a balanced symmetrical hose construction. The cords may be incorporated into the portions 7 and 7' in a single layer of individual parallel cords or be included within two or more layers if desired. For example, FIG. 4 shows a modification of the invention in which the hose body 9 includes diametrically opposite longitudinally reinforced portions 10 and 10' with each portion comprised of two parallel layers 11 and 12 of reinforcing members 13 to provide added longitudinal strength for the hose structure 14.
The hose body 4 also includes remaining portions 15 and 15' free of the reinforcing members 8 disposed adjacent to the longitudinally reinforced portions on each side thereof. The longitudinally reinforced portions 7 and 7' have a total combined circumferential dimension or perimeter equal to or less than the total combined perimeter of the remaining portions 15 and 15' of the cross section of the hose body 4 therebetween to provide a hose construction in which at least one-half of the hose 2 remains flexible in a longitudinal direction thereby enabling the hose 2 to be more easily reeled upon itself and less likely to develop kinks.
As shown in FIG. 2, the portions 7 and 7' are disposed substantially at the neutral axis N of the hose. For the purposes of this invention, the term "neutral axis" designates that part of the cross section of the hose which is neither in tension nor compression when the hose is being deployed in use or is in a reeled condition. For example, when the hose 2 is floating in a body of water, the exact location of the neutral axis will vary; however, for purposes of illustration, in FIG. 2 the neutral axis N is shown aligned vertically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the hose. When the hose 2 is in a reeled condition as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the hose should be positioned so that the neutral axis N of the hose is substantially horizontally aligned for ease of reeling.
In the case of a hose of circular cross-sectional configuration, the longitudinally reinforced portions 7 and 7' should define a total combined arc A+A' of 180° or less. If the total combined arc of the portions 7 and 7' exceeds 180°, the hose will be of insufficient flexibility in a longitudinal direction to allow for easy coiling or reeling and distortion or kinking is more likely to develop. In this regard, it is preferred that each portion 7 and 7' extend in an arc a and a' respectively of about 45° or less on either side of the neutral axis N of the hose. It is even more preferred that the reinforced portions 7 and 7' define a total combined arc A+A' of 120° or less and that each portion 7 and 7' extend in an arc a and a' respectively of about 30° or less on each side of the neutral axis N of the hose. The particular arc defined by the longitudinally reinforced portions will depend to a large extent on the type of material of which the reinforcing cords are made. For example, a highly stretchable material such as nylon may necessitate a total combined arc length of near the maximum 180°. On the other hand, a material such as polyester or rayon may necessitate a total combined arc length of less than 120°. With material such as fiber glass or steel, the total combined arc length will be substantially less, for instance as low as 20° or less.
The hose 2 also preferably includes a plurality of plies of reinforcing material made of textile fabric which extends generally circumferentially about the body 4 of the hose to provide necessary reinforcement against radial forces within the hose. The plies may be square woven or in cord form and are customarily spirally wrapped around the inner tube 5 of the hose. The longitudinal members or cords 8 may be disposed either above or below the reinforcing plies but are preferably interposed between any two plies of the reinforcing plies. For example, the hose body may include four cord plies 16, 17, 18 and 19 of reinforcement extending in a biased relationship to the cord members 8 with the cord members being interposed between the cord plies 17 and 18 as shown in FIG. 3 of the drawings. .Iadd.The reinforcing material has some elements disposed at an oblique angle to the longitudinal axis of the hose which is opposite in direction to the first mentioned oblique angle. As illustrated, the cord ply elements of plies 16 and 17 are disposed at an oblique angle to the longitudinal axis of hose 2 which is opposite in direction to the oblique angle of the cord ply elements of plies 18 and 19. .Iaddend.It has been found that a very satisfactory hose structure results with the use of nylon reinforcing cord plies and polyester cord members. The cord members may have a diameter of 0.050 of an inch and the reinforcing cord plies may have a thickness or diameter of 0.038 of an inch. Each portion 7 and 7' containing the cord members 8 may have a length or perimeter of about 2 inches resulting in a combined perimeter of about 4 inches and assuming an inside hose diameter of about 6 inches and a wall or body thickness of 0.440 of an inch, the portions 15 and 15' between the portions 7 and 7' respectively will each have a width or circumferential dimension of about 8 inches and a combined length or perimeter of about 16 inches. In this case, the portions 7 and 7' extend in an arc a and a' respectively of about 18° on each side of the neutral axis N of the hose 2 thereby defining a total combined arc A+A' of 72°. It is readily apparent that since the longitudinal reinforcing cords 8 are incorporated within a portion 7 and 7' of the cross section of the body 4 having a total combined width or circumferential dimension which is substantially less than the total combined width or circumferential dimension of the remainder of the cross section of the body 4 that a hose construction is provided in which a majority of the hose 2 remains flexible in a longitudinal direction thereby enabling the hose to be more readily reeled upon itself and less likely to develop kinks.
The utility of the invention is further illustrated with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6 of the drawings which shows the hose 2 either prior to or after use in its reeled condition on a reel 20. In this case as previously mentioned, the neutral axis of the hose is disposed generally horizontally with the flexible portions 15 and 15' of the hose 2 in a generally flattened condition to enable the hose to be more easily reeled upon itself.
In manufacturing the hose of this invention, conventional building techniques may be used which are well known in the art. For example, the various hose components may be assembled on a building mandrel and then vulcanized in any suitable manner such as by means of steam to form an integral composite hose structure.
It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention provides a hose structure for use in conveying or transporting materials which has sufficient longitudinal strength to withstand significant tension or tensile forces and to resist undue constriction of the hose opening but remains sufficiently flexible in a longitudinal direction to enable the hose to be easily reeled upon itself and less likely to distort or develop kinks. The hose of the present invention may be used not only for the purpose illustrated as a refueling hose, but may also be used in many other applications in which the above-named features are desirable. For example, the hose of the present invention may be used for transporting solid or semi-solid material such as cement.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS882292 *Aug 21, 1907Mar 17, 1908William S BrownFlexible conduit.US1053933 *Feb 18, 1911Feb 18, 1913Benjamin L StoweRubber-lined fabric hose.US1100829 *Apr 7, 1911Jun 23, 1914Goodrich Co B FHose construction.US1164303 *Mar 21, 1913Dec 14, 1915Edward S NicewarnerLaminated tube.US1301354 *Jul 11, 1917Apr 22, 1919Cassius M Clay BairdHose construction.US2241926 *Nov 10, 1938May 13, 1941New York Rubber CorpHigh pressure hose couplingUS2747616 *Jul 7, 1951May 29, 1956Ganahl Carl DePipe structureUS3374806 *Feb 10, 1965Mar 26, 1968Hewitt Robins IncSubmarine hoseFR1417987A * Title not availableGB813647A * Title not availableGB1127863A * Title not available* Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS6926037Dec 17, 2002Aug 9, 2005Wellstream International LimitedCollapse tolerant flexible pipe and method of manufacturing sameUS7069958Jan 29, 2004Jul 4, 2006Wellstream International LimitedAssembly and method for stiffening a flexible pipeUS7210504Apr 10, 2006May 1, 2007Wellstream International LimitedAssembly and method for stiffening a flexible pipeUS7640950Mar 22, 2005Jan 5, 2010Wellstream International LimitedCollapse tolerant flexible pipe and method of manufacturing sameUS8640739 *Mar 21, 2008Feb 4, 2014Technip FranceFlexible pipe for conveying hydrocarbons and having a reinforced maintain layerUS20050115622 *Nov 12, 2003Jun 2, 2005Wellstream International LimitedCollapsible flexible pipe and method of manufacturing sameUS20050161102 *Mar 22, 2005Jul 28, 2005Wellstream International LimitedCollapse tolerant flexible pipe and method of manufacturing sameUS20050166988 *Jan 29, 2004Aug 4, 2005Wellstream International LimitedAssembly and method for stiffening a flexible pipeUS20100101675 *Mar 21, 2008Apr 29, 2010Anh Tuan DoFlexible pipe for conveying hydrocarbons and having a reinforced maintain layerEP0366471A1 *Oct 26, 1989May 2, 1990The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd.Composite hose constructionWO2004055426A2 *Dec 16, 2003Jul 1, 2004Wellstream International LimitedCollapse tolerant flexible pipe and method of manufacturing sameWO2004055426A3 *Dec 16, 2003Aug 19, 2004Wellstream Int LtdCollapse tolerant flexible pipe and method of manufacturing sameWO2011073904A3 *Dec 14, 2010Oct 27, 2011Pipeflex Manufacturing LtdA high-pressure flexible pipe* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification138/119, 138/127, 138/126, 138/125, 138/124International ClassificationF16L11/08Cooperative ClassificationF16L11/083European ClassificationF16L11/08D2RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services

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hockey news 1963:
1963 Sports Illustrated DETROIT Red Wings HOWIE YOUNG News Stand NO LABEL BadBoy
2-16-63 Sporting News Pittsburgh Pirates on Cover Dodgers Sandy Koufax Inside
hockey news nov 16 1963 vol 17 # 7 gordie howe 545
hockey news nov 23 1963 vol 17 # 8 bobby hull
hockey news nov 2 1963 vol 17 # 5 gordie howe
hockey news dec 7 1963 vol 17 # 10 andy hebenton
hockey news nov 9 1963 vol 17 # 6 gordie howe
1963 Maurice Richard's Hockey Illustrated ( Jan.), Jean Beliveau on Cover - EX++
1963 Chicago Blackhawks Hockey Yearbook, Bobby Hull, Stan Mikita Glenn Hall ~ Gd
1963 (Sep.) Hockey Pictorial Magazine Johnny Bowers, Toronto Maple Leafs~Fair ML
1963 Hockey Illustrated DETROIT Red Wings GORDIE HOWE Stanley Cup MAURIC RICHARD
December 1963 Hockey Pictorial Magazine - Chicago Blackhawks Cover
SUPER RARE 1963/64 HOCKEY YEARBOOK-RHODE ISLAND REDS-ED GIACOMIN INSIDE
1963 (Mar.) Sports Le Hockey Magazine, Rod Gilbert, Camille Henry, Jean Ratelle
VINTAGE HOCKEY PICTORIAL MAGAZINE MARCH 1963 NHL DON SIMMONS, TREMBLEY
1963 (Apr.) Sport Revue Hockey Magazine, Ab McDonald, Montreal Canadiens ~ VG
Sport Revue Hockey Magazine April 1963 Ab McDonald 129705
1963 (Jan.) Sport Revue Hockey Magazine, Gilles Tremblay, Montreal Canadiens~ VG
Sports Hockey Magazine Vol. 2 #2 October 1963 Henri Richard 129702
Hockey Illustrated - March-April 1963 - GORDIE HOWE - AWESOME COND.
1963 (Dec.) Hockey Pictorial Magazine Pierre Pilote, Chicago Blackhawks ~Fair ML
64 Hockey News 1961-1999. Many superstar covers, Many First Player Covers
Hockey Illustrated Magazine January 1963 Beliveau Richard Keon
1963 (Mar. 3) NHL Hockey program, Detroit Red Wings @ New York Rangers
Hockey Hall of Fame Program 1963 NHL National Hockey League
1963 (Apr.) Sports Le Hockey Magazine, Gordie Howe, Detroit Redwings ~ VG
1950 The Hockey News (11 November)
New listing Sports Illustrated 1991 Hull FC CGC 9.0 None Higher!!! Collect The Hockey Greats
1963 (Sep.) Sports Le Hockey Magazine, Gump Worsley, Montreal Canadiens ~ VG
hockey news july 1962 vol 15 # 33 emil francis
BOB GAINEY 1979-80 Sporting News Hockey Guide Montreal Canadiens
1963 (Jan.) Sports Le Hockey Magazine, Gordie Howe, Detroit Redwings ~ VG
Sports Illustrated 1980 Olympic Hockey CGC 8.5 None Higher!!! Where were you?
VINTAGE SAGA MAGAZINE MARCH 1963 ED SHORE HOCKEY PLAYER,MERMAID
1963, (Apr.) Hockey magazine, Bobby Hull, Chicago Blackhawks
1985 The Hockey News Yearbook Mike Bossy New York Islanders
1966 The Hockey News Magazine March 12th Issue
1963 1/28 Sports Illustrated, Hockey, magazine, Howie Young Detroit Red Wings Gd
1966 The Hockey News Magazine January 8th Issue
The Sporting News Sandy Koufax Hank Aaron Cover NO LABEL 7/23/1963 All Star Game
1963 (Feb.) Sport Revue Hockey Magazine, Andy Bathgate, New York Rangers ~ VG

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SAP Business Analyst Co Jobs, Employment in Las Vegas, NV | Indeed.com
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of 45results12NextIf we're missing a business and you'd like to make a suggestion, please do! Add a business.Add a New CollectionOops! There was a problem saving the new custom collection.Please try again.Collection Name cannot be emptyUpload a Photo(optional)Remaining Characters: 100Remaining Characters: 500CancelSaveMap ViewFeatured Lawn Mowersin Chattanooga, TennesseeAdd to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your home collection!Error when adding to home collectionThis business was removed from the home collectionInaccurate Result?Vassey Lawn & Garden Centers6529 Georgetown RdNW, TN 37353(423) 529-3513Reliable Service Since 1969WebsiteDirectionsVideoMore InfoAdd to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your shopping collection!Error when adding to shopping collectionThis business was removed from the shopping collectionInaccurate Result?Sears Appliance Repair401 Northgate MallChattanooga, TN 37415Other Locations »(423) 546-4718Get quality repairs from America's #1 Service prov...WebsiteSchedule your repairDirectionsMore InfoAdd to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your other collection!Error when adding to other collectionThis business was removed from the other collectionInaccurate Result?HusqvarnaServing the Chattanooga Area.WebsiteMore InfoAdd to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your home collection!Error when adding to home collectionThis business was removed from the home collectionInaccurate Result?Sequoyah Lawn Equipment Co LLC3925 Volunteer DrChattanooga, TN 37416(423) 443-4496WebsiteDirectionsMore InfoAdd to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your home collection!Error when adding to home collectionThis business was removed from the home collectionInaccurate Result?ToroServing the Chattanooga Area.(844) 225-3860Count On It.WebsiteCouponsShop OnlineYP AdMore InfoAdd to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your home collection!Error when adding to home collectionThis business was removed from the home collectionInaccurate Result?Lawn Mower Blade Sharpening & Maintenance270 Madelyn LnSpring City, TN 37381(423) 827-2465Lawn Care & Maintenance. Mower Repair & Service.DirectionsMore InfoAdd to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your home collection!Error when adding to home collectionThis business was removed from the home collectionInaccurate Result?Sears Parts & Repair Center5450 Highway 153 Ste 100Hixson, TN 37343(800) 280-5986Get quality repairs from America's #1 Service prov...WebsiteSchedule your repairDirectionsMore InfoSponsored Chattanooga Snapper lawn mowerPhoneWebsiteMoreAboutAbout UsSite FeedbackContact UsAdvertise with UsCareers - We're HiringEngineering BlogLegal

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Patent US5115339 - Stereomicroscope - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA stereomicroscope for comparing photographs is disclosed. The microscope includes a pair of complementary occluders with one occluder positioned in an intermediate image plane of each side of the stereo optical system, which also includes a conventional image rotator and zoom system to permit independent...http://www.google.com/patents/US5115339?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US5115339 - StereomicroscopeAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS5115339 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 07/376,235Publication dateMay 19, 1992Filing dateJul 3, 1989Priority dateJul 3, 1989Fee statusLapsedPublication number07376235, 376235, US 5115339 A, US 5115339A, US-A-5115339, US5115339 A, US5115339AInventorsRonald J. Martino, Fred J. RamseyOriginal AssigneeCambridge Instruments Inc.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (11), Referenced by (3), Classifications (6), Legal Events (4) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetStereomicroscopeUS 5115339 AAbstract A stereomicroscope for comparing photographs is disclosed. The microscope includes a pair of complementary occluders with one occluder positioned in an intermediate image plane of each side of the stereo optical system, which also includes a conventional image rotator and zoom system to permit independent adjustment of the orientation and size of each image. The complementary occluders accentuate small differences between nearly identical photographs by providing a border at which an object present in only one photograph will appear or disappear as the two photographs are simultaneously scanned.
What is claimed is: 1. A stereomicroscope optical system for viewing a composite image of complementary portions of two identical fields of substantially identical photographs and indicating any difference therebetween which comprises:a first optical means for presenting a first image from one of the two photographs, said first means including a first intermediate image plane, a first occluder selectively positionable in said first intermediate image plane, said first occluder blocking a chosen part of the first image for providing a first composite image part; a second optical means for presenting an second image from the other of the two photographs, said second means including a second intermediate image plane, a second occluder selectively positionable in said second intermediate image plane, said second occluder blocking a complementary part of the second image for providing a second composite image part; means to position said first and second occluders in their respective image planes; means to combine said first and second composite image parts; and means to move said photographs simultaneously relative to said occluders, whereby a difference between photographs is identified during transition between image parts. 2. A system according to claim 1, wherein each of said chosen and complementary parts are one half of the image.
3. A system according to claim 1, wherein said first optical means includes first zoom means for varying the magnification at said first intermediate image plane and said second optical means includes second zoom means for varying the magnification at said second intermediate image plane.
4. A system according to claim 1, wherein said first optical means includes first image rotating means for varying the image orientation at said first intermediate image plane and said second optical means includes second image rotating means for varying the image orientation at said second intermediate image plane.
5. A system according to claim 3, wherein said first optical means includes first image rotating means for varying the image orientation at said first intermediate image plane and said second optical means includes second image rotating means for varying the image orientation at said second intermediate image plane.
6. A system according to claim 1, wherein said means to position said first and second occluders is adapted to change said chosen part of said image that is blocked.
7. A system according to claim 1, wherein said means to position said first and second occluders is adapted to adjust said complementary part of said second image that is blocked in response to a change in said chosen part.
8. A system according to claim 5, wherein said means to position said first and second occluders is adapted to adjust said complementary part of said second image that is blocked in response to a change in said chosen part.
9. A system according to claim 8, wherein each of said chosen and complementary parts are one half of the intermediate image.
10. A system according to claim 1, wherein said first optical means includes first zoom means for varying the magnification at said first intermediate image plane and said second optical means includes second zoom means for varying the magnification at said second intermediate image plane; said first optical means includes first image rotating means for varying the image orientation at said first intermediate image plane and said second optical means includes second image rotating means for varying the image orientation at said second intermediate image plane; and each of said chosen and complementary parts are one half of the intermediate image.
11. A method of detecting differences in nearly identical photographs comprising the steps of:presenting an image of a field from one of the photographs to a first intermediate image plane; occluding a chosen part of the intermediate image for providing a first composite image part; presenting an image of a field from the other of the photographs to a second intermediate image plane; occluding a complementary chosen part of the intermediate image for providing a second composite image part; combining said first and second composite image parts at an image plane to provide a transition boundary; moving the two photographs as a unit; and observing said transition boundary for irregularities caused by differences between the two photographs. Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to stereomicroscopes, and more particularly to stereomicroscopes used to detect differences between substantially identical photographs, either aerial photographs or photographic masks used by the semiconductor industry.
Chaban U.S. Pat. No. 3,879,107, issued Apr. 22, 1975, discloses a stereomicroscope of the type used to compare aerial photographs. The disclosed stereomicroscope has a pair of rhomboid arms used to position the respective objectives over the pertinent portion of a respective aerial photograph. Each rhomboid arm contains an independent zoom system to produce an intermediate image which is then relayed to an image rotator. A beam splitter selectively placed on the optical axes permits either mono or stereo presentation of the images.
Stereomicroscopes of the type disclosed in the Chaban patent are conventionally used to compare two aerial photographs or a mask with a master, in connection with the preparation of semi-conductor wafers, by placing one of the photographs or wafer or mask under one rhomboid arm and the other photograph or wafer or mask under the other rhomboid arm. The rhomboid arms are then moved until substantially the same object is located in each photograph. The fields of view are then angularly adjusted by the operator, using the image rotators, to rotate either or both images until they both have an identical orientation. The operator then adjusts either or both zoom systems until the sizes of the two images are identical. It may then be necessary to slightly reposition the rhomboid arms or one of the photographs or wafers or masks until the two fields are identical, which may also require a further adjustment of the image rotators. Although not disclosed in the Chaban patent, it is conventional in such stereomicroscopes to permit superimposition of the images. That is, the image from one rhomboid arm is presented to both eyepieces and the image from the other rhomboid arm is presented to both eyepieces. Many operators prefer to use this superimposed mode to conveniently obtain proper orientation, image size an identical fields.
Prior to the present invention, differences between substantially identical photographs were identified by an operator using mental recall. After the orientation, size and identical fields had been selected using a procedure of the type described above, an operator would then switch to the mono mode, that is, viewing one photograph through one eyepiece and then switching to view the other photograph through the other eyepiece, while relying on mental recall to detect an observed difference. Some operators preferred to use the biocular mode, if available, i.e. view one photograph through both eyepieces and then the other photograph through both eyepieces. This still depended upon the operator to recall specifics of one image while viewing another. Yet another possibility involved viewing one stereo pair of photographs on one stereo viewing instrument and viewing a second stereo pair of photographs of the same scene on another stereo viewing instrument and again using mental recall attempt to detect differences between the photograph stereo pairs. This method is especially cumbersome and requires two viewing instruments. This prior art procedure had the obvious disadvantage that it was highly dependent upon operator skill and the operator's ability to recall precise details of the prior image while viewing the subsequent image.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION AND DRAWINGS By scanning photographs with a stereomicroscope having complementary occluders placed in intermediate image planes, the operator can observe superimposed fields showing either the appearance or disappearance of an object or component of an object as it moves across the border between the respective occluders.
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a typical stereomicroscope illustrating the location of the complementary occluders in the respective intermediate image planes;
FIGS. 2a and 2b represent respective images in each of the pair of imaging systems without occluders;
FIGS. 3a, 3b and 3c represent sequential images as they would appear during a scan of a pair of photographs with occluders; and
FIG. 4 is a left side view, partly in section, showing the mounting for occluder 5a;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view along line 5--5; and
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Referring to FIG. 1, a stereomicroscope is generally indicated by 1 and may be of the type taught by Chaban. Stereomicroscope 1 has first and second imaging systems 2a and 2b with each having a zoom system 3a, 3b; each having an image rotator 4a, 4b; and each having an intermediate image plane 5a, 5b lying on the optical axes 6a, 6b. Optical axes 6a and 6b intersect at mode selector 7. When stereomicroscope 1 is operated in the superimposition mode, mode selector 7 has a 50/50 beam splitter at interface 8 which directs 50% of the total image received along axis 6a along ocular axis 9a, and 50% of the total image received along axis 6a along ocular axis 9b. Similarly, 50% of the image received along optical axis 6b is directed along ocular axis 9a and 50% along ocular axis 9b. A pair of complementary occluders 10a, 10b are selectively positioned in a respective one of intermediate image planes 5a and 5b. Two photographs 11a and 11b are positioned with each being located below a respective imaging system to provide a substantially identical field at intermediate image planes 5a and 5b. When mode selector 7 is positioned, as taught by Chaban, in a position to permit only the light received from axis 6a to pass along ocular axes 9a and 9b, an object such as that shown in FIG. 2a would be observed. If mode selector 7 was moved, as taught by Chaban, to a position permitting only light received along axis 6b to pass along ocular axes 9a and 9b, a substantially identical image would be observed such as that shown in FIG. 2b. When mode selector 7 is in the superimposed position, the observed field would appear as that shown in FIG. 2a after the steps of angular orientation, magnification adjustment and positioning of the photographs had been conducted. The cross hatching shown in FIG. 2a is only for purposes of distinction. It can be seen that when the prior art apparatus and procedure was followed the identification of difference 12 shown in FIG. 2a could be made only by switching between the two figures. It should be noted that when photographs used in the preparation of a topographical map, for photointerpretation or two semi-conductor masks are being compared, the images being viewed will not have the simplicity of FIGS. 2a and 2b nor will the difference usually be as distinctive.
When complementary occluders 10a and 10b are placed in the respective intermediate image planes 5a and 5b; mode selector 7 is in the superimposed position shown in FIG. 1; and the common photograph support 13 is moved in the direction of arrow 14, a difference 12 will be observed to disappear as shown in the sequence of FIGS. 3a, 3b and 3c as it passes boundary 15 of complementary occluders 10a and 10b. Obviously, the photographs may remain stationary and the occluders be moved as a unit to obtain the same result.
Referring to FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, stereomicroscope nonmagnetic side wall 16 has a slot 17 extending perpendicular to optical axis 6a to receive occluder 10a, block 18 carries rotatable eccentric 19 which is operated by knob 20. Magnet 21 draws block 18, made of a magnetic material such as steel, against side wall 16, but permits adjustment of occluder 10a when pin 22, which engages slot 23, is rotated by means of knob 20 to provide movement of occluder 10a in the directions shown by arrows 24. Complementary occluder 10b may be mounted in a similar manner using a magnet and steel block. It has not been found necessary that both occluders be adjustable in order to accurately position boundary 15. As shown in FIG. 5, the shaded portion of the field at intermediate image plane 5a corresponds to the shaded image part shown in FIGS. 3a, 3b and 3c.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS3495891 *Dec 18, 1967Feb 17, 1970Itek CorpFloating mark systems in a stereoscopic deviceUS3879107 *Sep 4, 1973Apr 22, 1975Mcbain Instr IncMicrostereoscopeUS3935011 *Apr 18, 1973Jan 27, 1976C. Reichert Optische Werke AgSystem for making composite photomicrographsUS4017147 *Feb 10, 1975Apr 12, 1977Carl Zeiss-StiftungComparison microscopeUS4281923 *May 4, 1979Aug 4, 1981O.M.I. Corporation Of AmericaInterconnected, adjustable zoom lens and reticle utilized in lens systems for stereoplotterUS4698564 *Jun 7, 1985Oct 6, 1987Slavin Sidney HSpinning optics deviceUS4712889 *Nov 20, 1985Dec 15, 1987C. Reichert Optische Werke AgPhotometer for use with a microscopeUS4761066 *Jan 14, 1986Aug 2, 1988Carter William JStereoscopic optical systemUS4781435 *Sep 19, 1986Nov 1, 1988Deutsche Forschungs- Und Versuchsanstalt Fur Luft- Und Raumfahrt E.V.Method for the stereoscopic representation of image scenes with relative movement between imaging sensor and recorded sceneUS4830482 *Aug 21, 1987May 16, 1989Resnikoff Howard LTrue-focus bifocal eyeglassesUS4861997 *Aug 25, 1987Aug 29, 1989Carl-Zeiss-StiftungStereoscopic thermographic apparatus* Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS5307202 *Jan 13, 1993Apr 26, 1994Image Interpretation Systems Inc.Soft copy portUS6546208Nov 22, 2000Apr 8, 2003Sl3D, Inc.Stereoscopic telescope with cameraUS6683716May 5, 2000Jan 27, 2004Sl3D, Inc.Stereoscopic video/film adapter* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification359/378, 359/472, 359/468International ClassificationG02B21/22Cooperative ClassificationG02B21/22European ClassificationG02B21/22Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionJul 30, 1996FPExpired due to failure to pay maintenance feeEffective date: 19960522May 19, 1996LAPSLapse for failure to pay maintenance feesDec 26, 1995REMIMaintenance fee reminder mailedJul 3, 1989ASAssignmentOwner name: CAMBRIDGE INSTRUMENTS INC., EGGERT AND SUGAR ROADSFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:MARTINO, RONALD J.;RAMSEY, FRED J.;REEL/FRAME:005100/0338Effective date: 19890627RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services


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loganWTF comments on SEC Schedule: Week 12: Indefensibly Awfuljump to contentmy subredditsannouncementsArtAskRedditaskscienceawwblogbookscreepydataisbeautifulDIYDocumentariesEarthPornexplainlikeimfiveFitnessfoodfunnyFuturologygadgetsgamingGetMotivatedgifshistoryIAmAInternetIsBeautifulJokesLifeProTipslistentothismildlyinterestingmoviesMusicnewsnosleepnottheonionOldSchoolCoolpersonalfinancephilosophyphotoshopbattlespicsscienceShowerthoughtsspacesportstelevisiontifutodayilearnedTwoXChromosomesUpliftingNewsvideosworldnewsWritingPromptsedit subscriptionsfront-all-random | OldSchoolCool-askscience-food-news-sports-IAmA-GetMotivated-worldnews-EarthPorn-space-pics-books-Jokes-DIY-WritingPrompts-creepy-Showerthoughts-UpliftingNews-gaming-nosleep-mildlyinteresting-aww-television-TwoXChromosomes-Fitness-videos-InternetIsBeautiful-todayilearned-history-gifs-AskReddit-listentothis-dataisbeautiful-movies-Documentaries-photoshopbattles-tifu-philosophy-gadgets-nottheonion-Art-Futurology-explainlikeimfive-science-personalfinance-LifeProTips-Music-funnymore »reddit.com CFBcommentsrelatedwant to join? login or register in seconds|Englishlimit my search to /r/CFBuse the following search parameters to narrow your results:subreddit:subredditfind submissions in "subreddit"author:usernamefind submissions by "username"site:example.comfind submissions from "example.com"url:textsearch for "text" in urlselftext:textsearch for "text" in self post contentsself:yes (or self:no)include (or exclude) self postsnsfw:yes (or nsfw:no)include (or exclude) results marked as NSFWe.g. subreddit:aww site:imgur.com dogsee the search faq for details.advanced search: by author, subreddit...this post was submitted on 14 Nov 2012155 points (85% upvoted)shortlink: remember mereset passwordloginSubmit LinkSubmit TextCFBsubscribeunsubscribe94,864 readers513 users here now
a community for 5 yearsmessage the moderatorsMODERATORSKennesaw State Owls / Kansas JayhawksKllianOhio State BuckeyesredbennCHOO CHOO MOTHERFUCKERnolezWar Eagle!sirgippyWHOOP!thravGeorgia Tech Yellow JacketsdiagonalfishNebraska Cornhuskers / Abilene Christian WildcatsCorporal_HicksrawrHonestly_Stanford Cardinalbakonydraco/r/CFBAutoModerator...and 3 more »154155156SEC Schedule: Week 12: Indefensibly Awful (imgur.com)submitted 1 year ago by Georgia BulldogsOhGeorgia429 commentssharecancelsorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onloading...sorted by: bestbesttopnewhotcontroversialoldrandomyou are viewing a single comment's thread.view the rest of the comments →[–]Texas A&M AggiesloganWTF 5 points6 points7 points 1 year ago (0 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onI really do feel like Coach Sumlin is a good coach and will make sure that the team doesn't overestimate them. Previous Aggie teams would have come out and played down to their opponent, but I really feel like we are different this year. This will be a good indication of just how good of a coaching staff we have, if we can come out and take care of business after a big win.
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The Agile City: Building Well-being and Wealth in an Era of Climate Change - Kindle edition by James S. Russell. Politics & Social Sciences Kindle eBooks @ Amazon.com.
The Agile City: Building Well-being and Wealth in an Era of Climate Change None Edition, Kindle Edition
James S. Russell (Author)
› Visit Amazon's James S. Russell Page
ISBN-13: 978-1597267250
ISBN-10: 1597267252
Print List Price: $22.50 Save $1.12 (5%)
In this enlightening if somewhat dry analysis of climate-conscious land use and development in the U.S., Russell, architecture columnist for Bloomberg News, shows how current policies and lending systems that encourage urban sprawl and car-based transportation are rooted in an old political conflict. The "Jeffersonian reluctance to constrict owners in their use of land" struggles with Alexander Hamilton's view that a centralized state is required in a world of increasing urbanization, "large scale industry... and an international banking system." Citing numerous examples of environmentally innovative, attractively livable development in Canada, the Netherlands, and other countries where planning authorities revive blighted areas and prepare for weather extremes, Russell conveys a frustration with the American impatience with city planning and distrust of government that have resulted in traffic-jammed urban sprawl and high living costs. He laments how innovations such as, in post-Katrina New Orleans, intensive planning sessions including all stakeholders as well as low-energy, hurricane-resistant housing developments founder through political timidity and government's financial neglect. Russell offers numerous solutions and recommends we focus the "kind of design acumen and analytical prowess" regularly invested in biotech and electronics on developing "citymaking models that take into account evolving business needs, residential diversity, and diverse natural systems, too." (June)
(Urban Land)
(Issues in Science and Technology)
(Global Site Plans)
(James B. Stewart author of Tangled Webs and Den of Thieves)
(Barry Bergdoll Philip Johnson Chief Curator of Architecture and Design, Museum of Modern Art)
(Christopher B. Leinberger University of Michigan, Brookings Institution and author of The Option of Urbanism)
(Lonaard Magazine)
File Size: 37799 KB
Page Numbers Source ISBN: 1597267252
Publisher: Island Press; None edition (June 22, 2012)
ASIN: B008RMP6Q6
Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #2,067,177 Paid in Kindle Store (See Top 100 Paid in Kindle Store)
#645 in Kindle Store > Kindle eBooks > Arts & Photography > Architecture > Urban & Land Use Planning
#819 in Kindle Store > Kindle eBooks > Nonfiction > Politics & Social Sciences > Politics & Government > Public Affairs & Policy > Urban Planning & Development
#865 in Kindle Store > Kindle eBooks > Business & Money > Economics > Sustainable Development
5.0 out of 5 starsExcellent look over the horizon toward the future form of the city
James Russell's book is a powerful analysis of the development forces and environmental impacts that today affect and control the growth of cities. It provides a structured, well-organized description of the disparate urban growth factors that often confound urbanists and frustrate those trying to rationalize a seemingly chaotic process. The process is described well and integrated into a larger, comprehensible vision of how cities grow and change and how new influences -- technology, culture and environment -- will alter their growth habits. He analyzes the interplay of the many influences on urban development and portrays a viable, if difficult to achieve, future city that is livable, adaptable, and inclusive, embracing the modern values that will determine how well the future city will succeed.
It's a great overview of the field and describes well the roles played by many leading thinkers working in the world of urban development and environmental design.
5.0 out of 5 starsOptimistic approach to tackling climate change
The Agile City offers an optimistic--and achievable--approach to addressing climate change. As it becomes clear that tackling the environmental crisis building-by-building is too-little-too-late, Russell demonstrates how cities are the key. He brings together timely and well-researched examples from around the world in an engaging and readable book. You will come away energized and ready to make a difference.
4.0 out of 5 starsInformative read on Sustainable Urbanism
Agile City is an informative and well-written book that weaves together today's key issues including urban planning, architecture, sustainability -- but this is not just another green design book. It goes beyond to delve into the underlying political and economic forces at work, specifically in the US, and outlines areas where change is required. A must read for those engaged professionally with the built environment -- and recommended for others interested in understanding these complex problems and some palatable solutions.
The Agile City offers a broad range of valuable information about recent developments in the built environment worldwide. These are constructive solutions that demonstrate there is no longer a question of choosing jobs over nature. Only a win - win (or well-being and Wealth) attitude will be successful.
Essential reading for professionals in the design fields, the book is also enlightening for the intelligent citizen wondering how to face the future.
Seasistah
4.0 out of 5 starsThe Forgotten Green Way?
In all the recent talk about alternative energy as a solution to climate change, in "The Agile City", James Russell presents a compelling case for the role of cities and conservation. A great read with real-world examples of what you can do in your own city.
This item: The Agile City: Building Well-being and Wealth in an Era of Climate Change


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CRISIS IN THE BALKANS: IMPRISONMENT; Concern Rises for Prominent Albanian Jailed by Serbs - The New York Times
Archives|CRISIS IN THE BALKANS: IMPRISONMENT; Concern Rises for Prominent Albanian Jailed by Serbs
CRISIS IN THE BALKANS: IMPRISONMENT; Concern Rises for Prominent Albanian Jailed by Serbs
By CARLOTTA GALL JULY 5, 1999
Ajri Begu is well known in this city, an economist and banker, an author and poet, a gentle man with balding white hair and smiling eyes. But when people greet him on the street, their faces screw up with concern and their questions are anxious.
They are asking about Mr. Begu's wife, Flora Brovina. In Kosovo, she is more famous than her husband. Arrested by the Serbian special police two months ago, during the war over the province, she is said to be in prison in Serbia, and is reportedly gravely ill.
Dr. Brovina is president of the League of Albanian Women and, as a qualified pediatrician, ran two centers for women and children that residents say sheltered dozens of people during the NATO bombing. She is by all accounts a fearless campaigner for peace and human rights, a dynamo organizer.
''She organized many demonstrations in Pristina,'' her husband said, running down a list that started with the 1981 protests by Kosovo Albanian students against Serbian rule to the eruption of last year's battles between the Kosovo Liberation Army and Serbian security forces in the Drenica region of central Kosovo.
At one point, she was proposed as minister of health in the alternative Albanian government that quietly ran the affairs of Kosovo's Albanians after Serbia stripped away autonomy in 1989 and most Albanians either quit or were fired from their state jobs.
Dr. Brovina is just one of the hundreds, maybe thousands of Albanians imprisoned all over Serbia. The Council for Human Rights in Pristina, an Albanian activist group, considers the vast majority of them political prisoners, since most, like Dr. Brovina, have been charged under Article 136 of the criminal code with terrorism and separatism.
Dr. Brovina has joined several well-known Albanian political prisoners from Kosovo. Among them is Ukshin Hoti, leader of the Party of National Unity. He was serving a four-year sentence in the prison in Nis, and should have been released on May 17. The council has been unable to trace him, however.
Also arrested during the war was Arbien Kurti, a student leader and spokesman for the maverick Albanian dissident and opposition leader Adem Demaqi, and Halil Matoshi, a journalist and writer.
Dr. Brovina was arrested on April 20, during the height of the Serbian offensive, by eight plainclothes special policemen, at the entrance to their apartment in Pristina. They had visited her neighbor earlier looking for her, and the neighbor saw the arrest occur.
Dr. Brovina was taken to Lipljan prison, south of Pristina, and a few weeks ago was transferred to a prison in Pozarevac in Serbia.
Her family has not seen her since March. Her two sons are studying at the University of Texas in Dallas. Her husband was in Belgrade when NATO began its bombing on March 24 and was unable to return to Kosovo. He spent the 11 weeks of the bombing in Macedonia and Albania, unable to make contact with her.
He came back as soon as NATO troops moved into Kosovo but has been unable to gain permission to see her or get medicine to her. He now sits in his living room in Pristina, smoking heavily and drinking tiny cups of strong coffee, surrounded by pictures of his wife, who is also a published poet.
Her slim volumes of poetry are propped up against the table lamps, turned to show her photograph on the back cover. A vital blond woman in her 50's laughs at the camera.
The letter gives the bald details of her arrest and detention and says simply, ''I am fine.''
''She asked for medicine, clothes, toothpaste and soap,'' her husband said. What troubled him most was the drugs she named: ''Trentol and enalapril, and some vitamin E.'' ''They are drugs for the heart,'' her husband said, adding that she had never before suffered heart trouble.
Prisoners since released from Lipljan have said that they saw her in early June walking around the exercise yard twice a day, according to Ariana Zerka of a human rights organization, the Center for Humanitarian Law, who spoke with the released prisoners.
Dr. Brovina has not yet been brought to trial, and her case remains ''under investigation,'' according to the Yugoslav authorities. She has been charged with terrorism and with supporting the separation of Kosovo from Yugoslavia. She has also been accused as the nominated minister of health of planning to build hospitals for the outlawed Kosovo Liberation Army. The charges carry a 10-year sentence.
Was she a terrorist? ''Well, we all support the separation of Kosovo,'' her husband said with a smile. ''But they called someone a terrorist who organized demonstrations.''
He opened a diary written by a woman staying in one of the centers she ran. It describes a visit by Dr. Brovina. ''She lifted our spirits with her humor and energy,'' it reads.
When Belgrade accepted a deal with NATO and allowed the United Nations to take over in Kosovo, Mr. Beku hoped that it would bring an end to his wife's imprisonment. Yet the uncertainty remains. ''The question is why are they still holding her, especially after the peace agreement?'' he said. ''What do they want to do with all these people?''
A version of this article appears in print on July 5, 1999, on Page A00006 of the National edition with the headline: CRISIS IN THE BALKANS: IMPRISONMENT; Concern Rises for Prominent Albanian Jailed by Serbs. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe

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