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Yugoslav order of battle for the invasion of Yugoslavia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Yugoslav order of battle for the invasion of Yugoslavia
The Yugoslav order of battle for the invasion of Yugoslavia includes a listing (or order of battle) of all operational formations of the Royal Yugoslav Army (Serbo-Croatian: Vojska Kraljevine Jugoslavije, VKJ), Royal Yugoslav Air Force (Serbo-Croatian: Vazduhoplovstvo Vojske Kraljevine Jugoslavije, VVKJ) and Royal Yugoslav Navy (Serbo-Croatian: Kraljevska Jugoslovenska Ratna Mornarica, KJRM) at the time of the World War II invasion of that country in April 1941.
The VKJ consisted of 33 divisions and 10 independent brigades, but due to tentative and incomplete mobilisation, only 7 divisions and 6 smaller formations were at close to fighting strength and in their planned deployment locations when the German-led Axis assault commenced on 6 April 1941. The Yugoslav defence plan involved placing the bulk of its land forces close to its borders, with very limited strategic reserves in depth. Almost all of the divisions that had been effectively mobilised were concentrated in the 3rd Army Group deployed in the east of the country along the Romanian and Bulgarian borders between the Iron Gates and the Greek border. Most of the heavy weapons and armoured vehicles available to the VKJ were obsolete, most formations were heavily reliant on animal-powered transport, and the VKJ possessed only 50 tanks that could engage front line German tanks on an equal basis.
On 6 April 1941, the VVKJ had been almost completely mobilised, and consisted of 4 air brigades with more than 400 aircraft of Yugoslav, German, Italian, French and British design, including less than 120 modern fighter aircraft, and less than 110 modern medium bombers. Other than a small number of locally made Rogožarski IK-3 fighters, almost all the modern aircraft available to the VVKJ were of German, Italian or British design for which limited spares and munitions were available. The KJRM consisted of a flotilla of river monitors based on the Danube and a small fleet based in several ports along the Adriatic coast. The blue-water navy centred around a destroyer leader, three smaller destroyers, four obsolescent submarines and a gunboat, supplemented by minelayers and torpedo boats. Most of the smaller vessels in the Yugoslav fleet had been inherited from the defeated Austro-Hungarian Empire following World War I and were obsolete.
1.4 6th Army
1.5 Coastal Defence Command
1.6 Major equipment
2.6 Naval Air Force Headquarters
2.7 Aircraft types
At the time of the invasion, the Royal Yugoslav Army (Serbo-Croatian: Vojska Kraljevine Jugoslavije, VKJ) consisted of 17 regular and 12 reserve infantry divisions, 6 combined arms brigades, 3 regular cavalry divisions and 3 reserve cavalry brigades, 1 fortress division and one fortress brigade. There were also 23 frontier guard battalions, a few frontier guard regiments and some fortification troops.[1] The Yugoslav defence plan positioned almost all land forces close to its borders, with very limited strategic reserves in depth.[2] The VKJ was heavily reliant on animal-powered transport, mainly oxen, and had only 50 relatively modern Renault R35 tanks that could fight German tanks on an equal footing.[3][4] The VKJ was organised into the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Army Groups, the independent 6th Army and the Coastal Defence Command. As mobilisation had been tentative and partial, many divisions were still in the process of mobilisation on 6 April 1941. The VKJ order of battle on 6 April 1941 is detailed below:[5]
The 1st Army Group was commanded by General Milorad Petrović.[6] It consisted of the 4th Army of General Petar Nedeljković,[7] responsible for the Yugoslav-Hungarian border and deployed behind the Drava between Varaždin and Slatina,[8] and the

value: This website is the English-language edition of the free online encyclopedia Wikipedia. It was founded on 15 January 2001 as Wikipedia's first edition and, as of October 2021, has the most articles of any edition, at 6,412,521.


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Patent US7508817 - Method and apparatus for measuring data transport quality over an internet ... - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsAn IP (Internet Protocol) diagnostic system is provided for troubleshooting data transport quality over an Internet Protocol operating in a communication system (100). The IP diagnostic system includes one or more processors (106) each placed at different segments (108) in the communication system. Each...http://www.google.com/patents/US7508817?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7508817 - Method and apparatus for measuring data transport quality over an internet protocolAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS7508817 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 11/053,221Publication dateMar 24, 2009Filing dateFeb 8, 2005Priority dateFeb 8, 2005Fee statusPaidAlso published asUS20060187824Publication number053221, 11053221, US 7508817 B2, US 7508817B2, US-B2-7508817, US7508817 B2, US7508817B2InventorsAlexander Lisheng Huang, Michael TaylorOriginal AssigneeAt&T Intellectual Property I, L.P.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (33), Referenced by (2), Classifications (9), Legal Events (3) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetMethod and apparatus for measuring data transport quality over an internet protocol
US 7508817 B2Abstract
An IP (Internet Protocol) diagnostic system is provided for troubleshooting data transport quality over an Internet Protocol operating in a communication system (100). The IP diagnostic system includes one or more processors (106) each placed at different segments (108) in the communication system. Each processor is programmed to receive (206) a request to establish a test session with a corresponding test node, establish (208) one or more IP connections with the test node, carry out (210) the test session with the test node on said IP connections, and measure (212) a quality level for each of said IP connections.
1. An IP (Internet Protocol) diagnostic system for measuring data transport quality over an Internet Protocol operating in a communication system, comprising:
one or more processors each placed at different segments in the communication system, wherein each of said processors is programmed to:
receive a request to establish a test session with a corresponding test node;
establish one or more IP connections with the test node;
carry out the test session with the test node on said IP connections; and
measure a quality level for each of said IP connections, wherein the quality level is measured according to at least one of a group of metrics comprising delay, jitter, packet loss, echo, audio clarity, and Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality, wherein the test node is a IP terminal unit, and wherein the processor is further programmed to instruct the IP terminal unit to Prevent insertion of data signals therefrom on the one or more IP connections during execution of the test session.
2. The IP diagnostic system of claim 1, wherein said test node is one or more of a group comprising the IP terminal unit and one or more of the other processors.
3. The IP diagnostic system of claim 1, wherein the test session comprises exchanging test packets between the processor and the test node.
4. The IP diagnostic system of claim 3, wherein said test packets are audio packets, and wherein said audio packets operate on a Real-time Transport Protocol.
5. The IP diagnostic system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further programmed to instruct the IP terminal unit to conference the processor with one or more of the other processors over the one or more IP connections.
6. The IP diagnostic system of claim 1, wherein said processor is further programmed to:
receive one or more test packets from the IP terminal unit over one of said IP connections; and
determine in part from said test packets the quality level of said IP connection.
7. The IP diagnostic system of claim 1, wherein the request is from one of a group of sources comprising a calling party and another of said processors.
8. The IP diagnostic system of claim 7, wherein said processor is further programmed to report to one or more of the group of sources the quality level of each IP connection when said quality level falls below a predetermined threshold.
9. The IP diagnostic system of claim 7, wherein said processor is further programmed to:
receive a second request from one or more of the group of sources to establish a second test session on a second test node; and
repeat the foregoing steps for the second test session on the second test node.
10. A computer-readable storage medium for measuring data transport quality over an Internet Protocol (IP) operating in a communication system, the storage medium comprising computer instructions, which when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform:
receiving a request to establish a test session with a corresponding test node;
establishing one or more IP connections with the test node;
carrying out the test session with the test node on said IP connections;
measuring a quality level for each of said IP connections, wherein the quality level is measured according to at least one of a group of metrics comprising delay, jitter, packet loss, echo, audio clarity, and Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality; and
instructing the test node to prevent insertion of data signals therefrom on the one or more IP connections during execution of the test session.
11. The storage medium of claim 10, wherein said test node is one or more of a group comprising an IP terminal unit and one or more of the other processors.
12. The storage medium of claim 10, wherein the test session comprises exchanging test packets between the processor and the test node.
13. The storage medium of claim 10, wherein said test packets are audio packets operating on a Real-time Transport Protocol.
14. The storage medium of claim 10, wherein the test node is a IP terminal unit and one or more of the other processors, and wherein the storage medium further comprises computer instructions for instructing the IP terminal unit to conference the processor with one or more of the other processors over the one or more IP connections.
15. The storage medium of claim 10, wherein the request is from one of a group of sources comprising a calling party and another of said processors, and wherein said storage medium further comprises computer instructions for reporting to one or more of the group of sources the quality level of each IP connection when said quality level falls below a predetermined threshold.
16. The storage medium of claim 10, wherein the request is from one of a group of sources comprising a calling party and another of said processors, and wherein said storage medium further comprises computer instructions for:
receiving a second request from one or more of the group of sources to establish a second test session on a second test node; and
repeating the foregoing steps for the second test session on the second test node.
17. An IP server coupled to a plurality of processors placed at different segments in a communication system, wherein said IP server operates in a computer-readable storage medium and serves to measure data transport quality over an Internet Protocol (IP) operating in the communication system, the storage medium comprising computer instructions, which when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform:
presenting a calling party with a selection of test options, each test option comprising a test session at a corresponding test node;
receiving from the calling party a selection of one or more of the test options;
for each test option, submitting a request to a corresponding one of the processors to:
establish a test session at a corresponding test node;
carry out the test session with the test node on said IP connections;
measure a quality level for each of said IP connections;
reporting to said calling party of the quality level of each IP connection;
repeating the foregoing steps as needed to diagnose transport quality from the calling party to a destination party; and
18. A method for measuring data transport quality over an Internet Protocol operating in a communication system, comprising:
presenting a selection of test options, each test option comprising a test session at a corresponding test node;
selecting one or more of the test options;
for each test option, submitting a request to a corresponding one of a plurality of processors at different segments of the communication system;
from the corresponding one of the processors, establishing a test session at a corresponding test node, establishing one or more IP connections with the test node, carrying out the test session with the test node on said IP connections, and
measuring a quality level for each of said IP connections;
reporting the quality level of each IP connection;
instructing the test node to prevent insertion of data signals therefrom on the one or more IP connections during execution of the test session. Description
This invention relates generally to IP (Internet Protocol) data applications, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for measuring data transport quality over an Internet Protocol.
In an IP network managed by a service provider, troubleshooting may be needed under circumstances where a consumer experiences an issue with transport of IP data between, for example, a VoIP (Voice over IP) terminal unit of the consumer and a destination VoIP terminal unit, or gateway to circuit-switched telephony network. Currently in IP networks such as this, service providers have no substantive means to readily diagnose the source(s) of the transport quality problem. Moreover, the user terminal equipment units provide no such means either.
Embodiments in accordance with the invention provide a method and apparatus for measuring data transport quality over an Internet Protocol.
In a first embodiment of the present invention, an IP (Internet Protocol) diagnostic system is provided for measuring data transport quality over an Internet Protocol operating in a communication system. The IP diagnostic system includes one or more processors placed at different segments in the communication system. Each processor is programmed to receive a request to establish a test session with a corresponding test node, establish one or more IP connections with the test node, carry out the test session with the test node on said IP connections, and measure a quality level for each of said IP connections.
In a second embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided for measuring data transport quality over an Internet Protocol (IP) operating in a communication system. The storage medium has computer instructions for receiving a request to establish a test session with a corresponding test node, establishing one or more IP connections with the test node, carrying out the test session with the test node on said IP connections, and measuring a quality level for each of said IP connections.
In a third embodiment of the present invention, an IP server is coupled to a plurality of processors placed at different segments in a communication system. The IP server operates in a computer-readable storage medium and serves to manage measure data transport quality over an Internet Protocol (IP) operating in the communication system. The storage medium has computer instructions for presenting a calling party with a selection of test options, each test option comprising a test session at a corresponding test node, and receiving from the calling party a selection of one or more of the test options. For each test option, the storage medium further includes instructions for submitting a request to a corresponding one of the processors to establish a test session at a corresponding test node, establish one or more IP connections with the test node, carry out the test session with the test node on said IP connections, and measure a quality level for each of said IP connections. The storage medium further has instructions for reporting to said calling party of the quality level of each IP connection, and repeating the foregoing steps as needed to diagnose transport quality from the calling party to a destination party.
In a fourth embodiment of the present invention, a method is provided for measuring data transport quality over an Internet Protocol operating in a communication system. The method includes steps for presenting a selection of test options, each test option comprising a test session at a corresponding test node, selecting one or more of the test options, for each test option, and submitting a request to a corresponding one of a plurality of processors at different segments of the communication system. From the corresponding one of the processors, the method further includes steps for establishing a test session at a corresponding test node, establishing one or more IP connections with the test node, carrying out the test session with the test node on said IP connections, and measuring a quality level for each of said IP connections. The method further includes steps for presenting the quality level of each IP connection, and repeating the foregoing steps as needed to diagnose transport quality from the calling party to a destination party.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a communication system for measuring data transport quality in an IP network managed by a service provider according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 2 depicts a flow chart of a method operating in said communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a communication system 100 for measuring data transport quality in an IP network managed by a service provider according to an embodiment of the present invention. The communication system 100 comprises in part a conventional packet-switched communication network 102 consisting of a number of segments 108. A segment 108 can be any local or long distance conventional communication device that can support Internet Protocol (IP) traffic. For example, a segment 108 can be an ISP (Internet Service Provider), a wired or wireless Internet router, dedicated lines of a PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network), an IP gateway interfacing to a PSTN segment, or like communication means for carrying IP traffic. These segments 108 partition the communication network 102 and they can be as small as a single physical device or as large as to cover an expansive geographic region such as a City, State, region, or country.
In the illustration of FIG. 1, the communication network 102 can be coupled to homes or offices. In the case of a home, the communication network 102 can be coupled to a consumer by way of a conventional analog PSTN 112 line, DSL (Digital Subscriber Line), or digital cable. A large or small business can have its own Intranet, which provides for self-management of an IP domain 110. In the foregoing environment, the consumers shown in FIG. 1 with reference numbers 104A-B, respectively, are assumed to be utilizing IP terminal units, or a hybrid of an IP terminal unit at one end and a conventional PSTN telephone at the other end.
IP terminal units 104A-B can be, for example, VoIP (Voice over IP) telephones, or other IP media devices designed for exchanging between parties voice messages, voice and image messages, and/or other forms of data messages such as music, video, still pictures, streaming data, or other similar IP data. These embodiments and further evolutions of said IP terminal units are considered to be within the scope and spirit of the claims described herein for diagnosing end-to-end transport quality issues. A conventional IP gateway can be used to interconnect an IP telephone and an analog telephone.
There are times when data messaging over the service provider's IP network can result in poor quality transport of said messages. Sources for poor message quality can be attributed to interruptions in packet flow such as, for example, lost packets, jitter, echo, and packet delays, just to name a few. The present invention supplements the communication system 100 of FIG. 1 with the addition of an IP diagnostic system to overcome these limitations. The IP diagnostic system comprises a number of processors 106 placed at different segments 108 in the communication system 100 as shown in FIG. 1. In the present illustration, it is assumed the service provider of the IP diagnostic system has the right to place processors 106 in many locations including a customer's premises if so allowed as shown with processor 106A and 106D. The number of processors 106 and placement thereof in the communication system 100 can be more or less than shown in FIG. 1, and can depend on the ownership rights and/or partnerships established by the service provider to manage portions of said communication system 100.
Each processor 106 utilizes conventional computing technology such as a microprocessor, DSP (Digital Signal Processor), or other computing devices singly or in combination coupled to storage media such as RAM (Random Access Memory) and/or a hard disk. The IP diagnostic system provides a means to measure data transport quality over an Internet Protocol such as RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol). As a supplemental embodiment, an IP server 103 can be used to manage the processors 106 of the IP diagnostic system, and for providing conventional connectivity services (e.g., SIP—Session Initiation Protocol, MGCP—Media Gateway Control Protocol, or other like signaling technology) to users of IP terminal units 104 for establishing end-to-end connections. Said IP server 103 can utilize similar or more sophisticated conventional computing technology as described for the processors 106.
FIG. 2 depicts a flow chart of a method 200 operating in said communication system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the present illustration it is assumed method 200 is triggered when a calling party utilizing an IP terminal unit such as 104A of FIG. 1 experiences communication issues (such as poor audio and/or video quality, dropped connections, etc.) with a destination IP terminal unit 104B of another party. It will be appreciated that alternatively method 200 can be applied in a case where the destination is an analog telephone 104B. In this instance, a conventional IP gateway (serving as one of the segments 108 of the communication network 102) near the destination party would be utilized to translate the packets sent by IP unit 104A to signals understood by the analog telephone 104B. For the illustration that follows, however, it will be assumed the destination utilizes an IP terminal unit 104B as described above.
Under these circumstances, method 200 begins with step 202 where the calling party of IP terminal unit 104A is presented with a selection of test options from the IP server 103. Each test option comprises a test session at a corresponding test node. A test node in this context can be represented by one of the processors 106, and/or the IP terminal unit 104A of said calling party. The presentation step 202 can be triggered by the calling party accessing a known website managed by the IP server 103, which has an understanding of the topology and capabilities of each segment 108 in the communication network 102. The contents of said web site can be presented graphically on a computer screen available to the calling party or the IP terminal unit 104A of said party if such unit has a reasonably sized display.
The graphical presentation can, for example, show a number of test nodes that can be linked together throughout the communication system 100 in whole or in part so as to provide the calling party a means to diagnose the communication issues experience by said caller. Alternatively, the presentation step 202 can be provided audibly by way of interactive voice menus provided to the IP terminal unit l04A, or other conventional communication means. In this latter embodiment, the IP server 103 can operate with a convention IVR (Interactive Voice Response) system (not shown) for providing a voice interactive function in accordance with method 200.
Any one of the foregoing presentations methods provides the calling party an overview of possible test options. The test options can be driven in part by the geographic locations of the IP terminal unit 104A of the calling party and the IP terminal unit 104B of the destination party, respectively. Said locations can be determined automatically by the IP server 103 from the caller ID of said calling party and the number dialed, URL, domain name or IP address of the destination party. Alternatively, said information can be provided by the calling party by way of the IVR system of the IP server 103. The location of said IP terminal units 104A-B in turn can be used by the IP server 103 to map a proposed diagnostic strategy for one or more processors 106 to isolate the segment(s) 108 in the communication system 100, which may be degrading IP data transport quality in the end-to-end connection. This mapping can be provided visually by way of graphics and/or text on a computer of the calling party, or the IP terminal unit 104A of said party.
In step 204A, the IP server 103 receives from the calling party a selection of one or more of the test options. In step 206, the IP server 103 submits a request for each test option to a corresponding one or more of the processors 106 to establish a test session on a test node. The reader's attention is directed to FIG. 1, which illustrates a possible test option corresponding to step 206. In this illustration, the calling party selects a test option, which establishes a test session between the IP terminal unit 104A and the nearest processor 106A. The IP terminal unit 104A in this illustration embodies the test node to be operated on by processor 106A. After receiving the request for a test session, processor 106A establishes one or more IP connections (see link 1 illustrated as a dashed line) with the IP terminal unit 104A in step 208. In steps 210-212 processor 106A carries out the test session with the IP terminal unit 104A on said IP connections and measures a quality level for each of said IP connections.
The test session entails the exchange of test packets between the processor 106A and the IP terminal unit 104A. The extent and complexity of the testing can vary upon the topology of segments 108 known to the selected processor 106. Accordingly, the test packets can carry anything from pilot or multi-tone signals, canned or live voice messages, pseudorandom sequences, video combined with audio, or other suitable test data. During a test session, the processor 106A can instruct the IP terminal unit 104A to prevent insertion of data signals such as voice and/or video on the one or more IP connections during execution of the test session. Said test packets can operate on a conventional Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP). RTP provides services such as payload type identification, sequence numbering, time-stamping, and delivery monitoring to real-time applications, and is designed to provide end-to-end network transport functions for applications transmitting real-time data, such as audio, and/or video.
The quality level of an IP connection can be measured in whole or in part according to any one or more convention metrics such as delay, jitter, packet loss, echo (such as, for example, echo return loss), audio clarity (as a function, for example, of MOS—Mean Opinion Score), and Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ). Any of these (or other) conventional measurement techniques in whole or in part can be used by the present invention to measure the quality of signals transported by IP connections. For example, PESQ (Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality) is an objective method defined by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU—see www.itu.org) that can be used for end-to-end speech quality assessment of speech codecs. All present and future public references, definitions, and specifications for PESQ as described by the ITU-T recommendations P.862 and P.862.1 are incorporated by reference herein.
This and other conventional quality measurement techniques can be used in the present invention to measure the quality level for data exchanged between said IP terminal units 104A-B across one or more segments 108 of the communication network 102. The quality level derived from these tests can in turn be translated, for example, into a quality score of 1 to 5 (5 being best quality, 1 being poorest quality) that gives the calling party a quantitative, and/or qualitative understanding of the quality of messages transported on a tested IP connection between processors 106 on corresponding segments 108. In step 214, the calling party is reported of the quality level (or score) of each IP connection. Depending on the results of the foregoing steps, the calling party can choose to select additional test options to further diagnostic testing in steps 204A-214A.
For example, the calling party might discover that the IP connection between the IP terminal unit 104A and processor 106A (see link 1) has no issues based on the quality score provided by the IP server 103. Under these circumstances the calling party can submit a second request to establish a second test session on a second test node such as, for example, a test session linking processor 106A, IP terminal unit 104A, and processor 106B (see links 1-3). If on this second test cycle the calling party discovers no quality issues, the calling party can continue to augment the scope of testing until such time a processor 106D nearest to IP terminal unit 104B of the destination party (see links 4-6) has been called on for testing segments 108 between said units 104A-B.
Based on the sophistication of the IP terminal unit 104A of the calling party, the addition of processors 106B-D may or may not require user intervention by the calling party of said IP terminal unit 104A during the above test sessions. For example, the IP terminal unit 104A can have the sophistication to accept and respond to an instruction from IP server 103 to conference one or more processors 106B-D over one or more IP connections. Once the processors 106 and the IP terminal unit 104A have been linked, the IP terminal unit 104A can also partake in the test session in coordination with the other processor(s) 106 by executing any one of the above testing techniques in whole or in part if such technology is available in the IP terminal unit 104A. If on the other hand, the IP terminal unit 104A is not sophisticated enough to respond to a conferencing request from a processor 106, then the instruction from the IP server 103 can come in the form of a voice message to the calling party requesting that said party perform the conferencing function by, for example, depressing one or more buttons on the IP terminal unit 104A for multiparty conferencing.
Referring back to method 200, it should be evident to the reader by now that said method can be altered while maintaining consistency with the scope and spirit of the claims described below. For example, steps 204A and 214A can be replaced with steps 204B and 214B, respectively. That is, the request for a test option at a processor 106 can come from another processor 106 in place of a calling party or the IP server 103. Similarly, the IP server 103 can report to a processor 106 of the quality of the IP connections tested instead of reporting to a calling party.
Alternatively, a hybrid of said steps are also possible. That is, more than one test option request can be submitted by one or more processor(s) 106 and the calling party in sequence or contemporaneously, and the results of the quality measured on the IP connections associated with said test options can be provided in whole or in part to the processors 106 and the IP terminal unit 104A of the calling party. In a supplemental embodiment, the processors 106 can be programmed to report in step 214 to other processors 106 and/or the calling party when the quality level of each of the IP connections has fallen below a predetermined threshold. The predetermined threshold can be, for example, a quality score set by the service provider of the IP diagnostic system.
It should also be evident that the calling party is not limited to a customer of the service provider. A calling party as referred to above can also be an employee of the service provider of the IP diagnostic system. Moreover, method 200 can operate with multiple calling parties. For example, the user of IP terminal unit 104A may be one calling party working in coordination with another calling party, wherein one of the calling parties can be represented by an employee of the IP diagnostic system assisting said caller in measuring the transport quality of the end-to-end connection between the IP terminal units 104A-B. Additionally, the employee's participation can be called on by the end user of IP terminal unit 104A, or automatically by one of said processors 106 which can invoke a conventional alarm state with the service provider which is detectable by an employee when a quality level is detected below the predetermined threshold.
It should be further evident that method 200 can support diagnostic testing by way of the processors 106 and an IP terminal unit 104 without assistance of the IP server 103. For example, as IP terminal units 104 evolve in sophistication they may be able to sense deterioration in IP connections over the course of use by an end user of said IP terminal unit 104. As such, the IP terminal unit 104 can invoke a request to one or more processors 106 without intervention by the end user to establish test sessions on IP connections commonly used by the end user. Similarly, the processors 106 can from time to time autonomously monitor the quality level of IP connections of an end user of the IP terminal unit 104 by establishing test sessions on IP connections commonly observed to be used by end users of IP terminal units. These latter embodiments provide for a preemptive (self-healing) strategy to maintain a high quality level of service throughout the communication system 100.
It should be clear to the reader that the present invention can be realized in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Moreover, the present invention can be realized in a centralized fashion, or in a distributed fashion where different elements are spread across several interconnected processors. Any kind of computer device or other apparatus adapted for carrying out method 200 described above is suited.
It should be also evident that the present invention may be used for many applications. Thus, although the description is made for particular arrangements and methods, the intent and concept of the invention is suitable and applicable to other arrangements and applications not described herein. For example, as described above the present invention is operable without the use of the IP server 103. Thus, in a distributed environment the processors 106 can be programmed to perform the functions of said IP server 103, and interact among themselves and with one or more calling parties as described in method 200. From the innumerable embodiments possible, it would be clear therefore to those skilled in the art that modifications to the disclosed embodiments described herein can be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
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9780748617500 - Alibris
ISBN: 9780748617500
by Benwell, Bethan; Stokoe, Elizabeth
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Brave Soul 'Noel' Men's Fur Trimmed Hooded Parka Jacket Coat | eBay Skip to main contenteBayShop bycategoryEnter your search keywordAll Categories Advanced or register':'>Hi, #USER#!'.replace(/#USER#/,a))+"")} catch(b){ document.write("") }})();Hi, (Sign in to bid or buy)Daily DealsSellCustomer SupportMy eBayExpand My eBayNotifications
Details about Brave Soul 'Noel' Men's Fur Trimmed Hooded Parka Jacket Coat
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Approximately US $72.67(including shipping)
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Button/zip fasten with fur trimmed hood. Nice and warm for winter.
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Western Australia 1893 3d Internal Revenue Fine MVLH WMK Crwn CA | eBay
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Identifying and Breaking Curses: Amazon.co.uk: John Eckhardt: 9780883686157: Books
Books Advanced Search Best Sellers Top New Releases Deals in Books Best Books of the Month School Books Textbooks Books Outlet Children's Books Calendars & Diaries Identifying And Breaking Curses
Identifying and Breaking ...
› Visit Amazon's John Eckhardt Page
27 New from £2.19
Perhaps you are plagued by family disputes and bickering. Your marriage is crumbling and you just can't seem to connect with your kids. Maybe you're sick of just living from paycheck to paycheck. You've prayed and fasted and prayed some more, but nothing seems to work. No matter what your ailment is--financial, familial, physical--you may be unknowingly living under a curse. Join John Eckhardt as he discusses how to do identify curses by name and then break them--not only in your own life but also in the lives of others.
Buy the selected items togetherThis item:Identifying and Breaking Curses by John Eckhardt Paperback £4.99 In stock.Sent from and sold by Amazon.co.uk.FREE Delivery on orders over £10. DetailsPRAYERS THAT ROUT DEMONS by ECKHARDT JOHN Paperback £7.66 In stock.Sent from and sold by Amazon.co.uk.FREE Delivery on orders over £10. DetailsPrayers that Activate Blessings PB (Lifes Little Book of Wisdom) by Eckhardt John Paperback £5.99 In stock.Sent from and sold by Amazon.co.uk.FREE Delivery on orders over £10. Details
PRAYERS THAT BRING HEALING (Prayers for Spiritual Battle)
Prayers that Activate Blessings PB (Lifes Little Book of Wisdom)
Prayers That Bring Healing & Activate Blessings (Prayers for Spiritual Battle)
See all free Kindle reading apps Start reading Identifying And Breaking Curses on your Kindle in under a minute.
ISBN-10: 9780883686157
ISBN-13: 978-0883686157
ASIN: 0883686155
Amazon Bestsellers Rank: 69,372 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
Redemption from Curses Perhaps you are plagued by family disputes and bickering. Your marriage is crumbling and you just can't seem to connect with your kids. Maybe you're sick of just living from paycheck to paycheck. You've prayed and fasted and prayed some more, but nothing seems to work. No matter what your ailment is--financial, familial, physical--you may be unknowingly living under a curse. Here is how to determine if you're under a curse and, if so, how to break that curse.
JOHN ECKHARDT is overseer of Crusaders Ministries, located in Chicago, Illinois. Gifted with a strong apostolic call, he has ministered throughout the United States and overseas in more than 70 nations. He is a sought-after international conference speaker, has authored more than 20 books, and produces a daily radio broadcast. His television program, "Perfecting the Saints", is seen weekly throughout the United States on The Word Network. Eckhardt resides in the Chicago area with his wife, Wanda, and their five children.
5.0 out of 5 starsPayer for all
I first encountered the Author while he was on a program with Benny Hinn and i was very impressed, when he was explaining how you have to pray an effective prayer which focusses on what is troubling you it all fell into place, a better understanding of how to pray with knowledge. this author's books are worth reading and collecting for future reference.
5.0 out of 5 starsJohn Eckhardt's Identifying and Breaking Curses - excellent
Many books have too many words but this isn't the case with John Eckhardt's. This is a short succinct book that I highly recommend to anyone wanting to gain knowledge and understanding in Identifying and Breaking Curses. Excellent.
The book is very good. It opened my eyes to deep things that helped solve some challenges. Many xtians need to read it.
The book is everything I expected it to be. Thank you for your prompt service.
A great and powerful book
Published 2 months ago by Mrs MRA Craggs
Very good. Was reading and not a big book
Published 10 months ago by plumplum
Very informative, easy reading
Published 23 months ago by Pauline McGregor
4.0 out of 5 starsgood but difficult
good info but difficult to believe
Published on 24 Aug. 2014 by E. Biles
5.0 out of 5 starsIdentifying and breaking curses
This book has been a great insight, and great as a beginners book at understanding curses.
Published on 2 Dec. 2009 by Ms. H. J. Bennett

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tanyatheo on Apr 22, 2012
Submit Cancel These pillows are manufactured in the US with imported materials.

value: This website is an American internet retailer selling primarily furniture headquartered in Midvale, Utah, near Salt Lake City.


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Product Reviews: Lucia Minelli Luxury European 6-piece Champagne Embroidered Turkish Kitchen Towel Set | Overstock.com
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Patent US4630170 - Decoupling capacitor and method of manufacture thereof - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsA decoupling capacitor and method of manufacture thereof are presented wherein the decoupling capacitor is formed from a lead frame which contains the four leads of the capacitor (two of which are electrically inactive) on a single plane. The use of a lead frame automatically provides the dimensional...http://www.google.com/patents/US4630170?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US4630170 - Decoupling capacitor and method of manufacture thereofAdvanced Patent SearchTry the new Google Patents, with machine-classified Google Scholar results, and Japanese and South Korean patents.Publication numberUS4630170 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 06/711,393Publication dateDec 16, 1986Filing dateMar 13, 1985Priority dateMar 13, 1985Fee statusLapsedPublication number06711393, 711393, US 4630170 A, US 4630170A, US-A-4630170, US4630170 A, US4630170AInventorsEugene Kask, deceased, William A. Watson, Jorge M. HernandezOriginal AssigneeRogers CorporationExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (2), Referenced by (18), Classifications (18), Legal Events (6) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetDecoupling capacitor and method of manufacture thereof
US 4630170 AAbstract
A decoupling capacitor and method of manufacture thereof are presented wherein the decoupling capacitor is formed from a lead frame which contains the four leads of the capacitor (two of which are electrically inactive) on a single plane. The use of a lead frame automatically provides the dimensional tolerances necessary for encapsulation molding of the decoupling capacitor. The decoupling capacitor is a hermetically sealed capacitive unit consisting of a single layer ceramic capacitor, active leads bonded to the capacitor and dummy pins for auto-insertion into printed circuit boards.
1. The method of making a capacitor, including the steps of:removing unwanted material from a strip of electrically conductive material to define a first conductor having first active lead connected thereto and to define second, third and fourth leads isolated from said first conductor, said first, second, third and fourth leads being in the same plane; placing a capacitor element on said first conductor, said capacitor element having first and second conductive end surfaces, with said first conductive end surface being in electrical contact with said first conductor, said capacitor element substantially covering said first conductor and partially covering said first and second leads; placing a second conductor on said capacitor element with said second conductive end thereof being in electrical contact with said second conductor; forming an electrical and mechanical connection between said second conductor and said third lead; bonding the above elements to form an assembly; and encapsulating said assembly to enclose and seal all of said assembly other than a portion of said first, second, third and fourth leads. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein said step of forming an electrical and mechanical connection between said second conductor and said third lead comprises the steps of:providing a bent tang to a portion of said second conductor; and bonding said bent tang to said third lead. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein said step of removing unwanted material from said strip of electrically conductive material further includes the steps of:forming support structure for supporting said first conductor in said conductive strip; and severing said support structure prior to the encapsulation step. 4. The method of claim 1 wherein said step of removing unwanted material from said strip of electrically conductive material further includes the steps of:forming support structure for supporting said first, second, third and fourth leads in said conductive strip; and severing said support structure subsequent to the encapsulation step. 5. The method of claim 1 wherein said first and third leads define active leads and said second and fourth leads define dummy leads and wherein:said active leads are at a first pair of diagonally opposed locations and said dummy leads are at a second pair of diagonally opposed locations. 6. The method of claim 1 including:bonding said first and second conductors to the first and second conductive end surfaces of the capacitor element with conductive adhesive. 7. The method of claim 1 including:forming registration holes in said strip of electrically conductive material. 8. The method of claim 1 including:forming at least one set-off on said encapsulated assembly. 9. The method of claim 1 wherein:said capacitor element is a single layer capacitor element. 10. The method of claim 1 wherein:said capacitor element is comprised of a ceramic material. 11. A capacitor including:a first substantially planar electrical conductor; a second substantially planar electrical conductor, said first and second electrical conductors being arranged substantially parallel to each other; a first active lead extending from said first conductor at a first position; a second active lead extending from said second conductor at a second position; means for electrically connecting said first or second active leads to said first or second conductors; a pair of dummy leads, said dummy leads being electrically isolated from said first and second conductors, a first of said dummy leads extending from said first conductor at a third position, and the second of said dummy leads extending from said second conductor at a fourth position; at least a portion of said first and second active leads and said pair of dummy leads being in the same plane as said first or second planar electrical conductors; a capacitive element between said first and second conductors, said capacitive element having first and second electrically conductive and surfaces; said first and second conductors and said capacitive element being bonded together, with said first conductor and said first conductive end surface being electrically connected and said second conductor and said second conductive end surface being electrically connected; and a molded sheath encapsulating said conductors and capacitive element, with said active and dummy leads extending from said molded sheath at said first, second, third and fourth positions. 12. The capacitor of claim 14 wherein said means for electrically connecting said first or second active leads to said first or second conductors comprises:a bent tang in a portion of said first or second conductor, said bent tang being electrically connected to said first or second active leads. 13. The capacitor of claim 12 wherein:said bent tang is bonded to said first or second active leads with conductive adhesive. 14. The capacitor of claim 11 wherein:said capacitive element is a ceramic material. 15. The capacitor of claim 11 wherein:said active leads are at a first pair of diagonally opposed locations and said dummy leads are at a second pair of diagonally opposed locations. 16. The capacitor of claim 11 including:set-off means on said encapsulating cover. 17. The capacitor of claim 11 wherein:one of said first or second active leads is integrally attached to one of said first or second conductors. 18. An array of decoupling capacitors positioned between a pair of edge strips from which a conductor and active and dummy leads of the capacitors are formed, each of said capacitors having:a first substantially planar electrical conductor; a second substantially planar electrical conductor, said first and second electrical conductors being arranged substantially parallel to each other; a first active lead extending from said first conductor at a first position; a second active lead extending from said second conductor at a second position; means for electrically connecting said first or second active leads to said first or second conductors; a pair of dummy leads, said dummy leads being electrically isolated from said first and second conductors, a first of said dummy leads extending from said first conductor at a third position, and the second of said dummy leads extending from said second conductor at a fourth position; at least a portion of said first and second active leads and said pair of dummy leads being in the same plane as said first or second planar electrical conductors; a capacitive element between said first and second conductors, said capacitive element having first and second electrically conductive end surfaces; said first and second conductors and said capacitive element being bonded together, with said first conductor and said first conductive end surfaces being electrically connected and said second conductor and said second conductive end surface being electrically connected; and a molded sheath encapsulating said conductors and capacitive element, with said active and dummy leads extending from said molded sheath at said first, second, third and fourth positions. 19. The capacitor of claim 18 wherein said means for electrically connecting said first or second active leads to said first or second conductors comprises:a bent tang in a portion of said first or second conductor, said bent tang being electrically connected to said first or second active leads. 20. The capacitor of claim 19 wherein:said bent tang is bonded to said first or second active leads with conductive adhesive. 21. The capacitor of claim 18 wherein:said capacitive element is a ceramic material. 22. The capacitor of claim 18 wherein:said active leads are at a first pair of diagonally opposed locations and said dummy leads are at a second pair of diagonally opposed locations. 23. The capacitor of claim 18 including:set-off means on said encapsulating cover. 24. The capacitor of claim 18 wherein:one of said first or second active leads is integrally attached to one of said first or second conductors. 25. A capacitor including:a first electrical conductor; a second electrical conductor; a first active lead extending from said first conductor at a first position; a second active lead extending from said second conductor at a second position; means for electrically connecting said first or second active leads to said first or second conductors comprising a bent tang in a portion of said first or second conductor, said bent tang being electrically connected to said first or second active leads; a pair of dummy leads, said dummy leads being electrically isolated from said first and second conductors, a first of said dummy leads extending from said first conductor at a third position, and the second of said dummy leads extending from said second conductor at a fourth position; at least a portion of said first and second active leads and said pair of dummy leads being in the same plane; a capacitive element between said first and second conductors, said capacitive element having first and second electrically conductive end surfaces; said first and second conductors and said capacitive element being bonded together, with said first conductor and said first conductive end surface being electrically connected and said second conductor and said second conductive end surface being electrically connected; and a molded sheath encapsulating said conductors and capacitive element, with said active and dummy leads extending from said molded sheath at said first, second, third and fourth positions. 26. The capacitor of claim 25 wherein:said bent tang is bonded to said first or second active leads with conductive adhesive. 27. The capacitor of claim 25 wherein:said capacitive element is a ceramic material. 28. The capacitor of claim 25 wherein:said active leads are at a first pair of diagonally opposed locations and said dummy leads are at a second pair of diagonally opposed locations. 29. The capacitor of claim 25 including:set-off means on said encapsulating cover. 30. The capacitor of claim 25 wherein:one of said first or second active leads is integrally attached to one of said first or second conductors. 31. The capacitor of claim 25 wherein:said capacitive element is a single layer capacitive element. 32. An array of decoupling positioned between a pair of edge strips from which a conductor and active and dummy leads of the capacitors are formed, each of said capacitors having:a first electrical conductor; a second electrical conductor; a first active lead extending from said first conductor at a first position; a second active lead extending from said second conductor at a second position; means for electrically connecting said first or second active leads to said first or second conductors comprising a bent tang in a portion of said first or second conductor, said bent tang being electrically connected to said first or second active leads; a pair of dummy leads, said dummy leads being electrically isolated from said first and second conductors, a first of said dummy leads extending from said first conductor at a third position, and the second of said dummy leads extending from said second conductor at a fourth position; at least a portion of said first and second active leads and said pair of dummy leads being in the same plane; a capacitive element between said first and second conductors, said capacitive element having and second electrically conductive end surfaces; said first and second conductors and said capacitive element being bonded together, with said first conductor and said first conductive end surface being electrically connected and said second conductor and said second conductive end surface being electrically connected; and a molded sheath encapsulating said conductors and capacitive element, with said active and dummy leads extending from said molded sheath at said first, second, third and fourth positions. 33. The capacitor of claim 32 wherein:said bent tang is bonded to said first or second active leads with conductive adhesive. 34. The capacitor of claim 32 wherein:said capacitive element is a ceramic material. 35. The capacitor of claim 32 wherein:said active leads are at a first pair of diagonally opposed locations and said dummy leads are at a second pair of diagonally opposed locations. 36. The capacitor of claim 32 including:set-off means on said encapsulating cover. 37. The capacitor of claim 32 wherein:one of said first or second active leads is integrally attached to one of said first or second conductors. 38. The capacitor of claim 32 wherein:said capacitive element is a single layer capacitive element. Description
This invention relates to the field of decoupling capacitors for integrated circuits. More particularly, this invention relates to novel and improved decoupling capacitors, and methods of formation thereof wherein the capacitors are formed from a lead frame which contains the four leads of the capacitor (two of which of electrically inactive "dummy" pins) on a single plane. This lead frame construction permits the decoupling capacitor to be subjected to encapsulation molding to form decoupling capacitors which are auto-insertable into printed circuit boards for use in conjunction with dual-in-line integrated circuits or other electronic components.
The above discussed and other problems of the prior art are overcome or substantially reduced by the new and improved decoupling capacitors of the present invention and the method of manufacture thereof. The decoupling capacitor of the present invention is formed from a lead frame which contains the four leads of the capacitor (two of which are electrically inactive dummy leads) on a single plane. The use of such a lead frame will automatically provide the dimensional tolerances for a good, efficient encapsulation molded decoupling capacitor package. The present invention thus presents constructions of and methods for forming improved decoupling capacitors which are hermetically sealed, auto-insertable and manufactured in a lead frame followed by an encapsulation molding process.
The present invention presents constructions of and methods for forming improved decoupling capacitors which are heremetically sealed, auto-insertable and manufactured in a lead frame followed by an encapsulation molding process. FIGS. 1-12 relate to a process for forming an encapsulated decoupling capacitor having a planer single layer ceramic chip capacitor therein. FIGS. 13-21 relate to a process for forming an encapsulated decoupling capacitor from a lead frame having a multilayer ceramic chip capacitor therein.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS4494169 *Nov 14, 1983Jan 15, 1985Rogers CorporationDecoupling capacitor and method of manufacture thereofUS4521828 *Dec 23, 1982Jun 4, 1985At&T Technologies, Inc.Component module for piggyback mounting on a circuit package having dual-in-line leads* Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS5166570 *Jun 7, 1991Nov 24, 1992Murata Manufacturing Co. Ltd.Electronic componentUS5667388 *Nov 14, 1994Sep 16, 1997Intel CorporationPrinted circuit board adapter carrier for input/output cardsUS6081416 *May 28, 1998Jun 27, 2000Trinh; HungLead frames for mounting ceramic electronic parts, particularly ceramic capacitors, where the coefficient of thermal expansion of the lead frame is less than that of the ceramicUS7849586Dec 14, 2010Marvell World Trade Ltd.Method of making a power inductor with reduced DC current saturationUS7868725Mar 23, 2007Jan 11, 2011Marvell World Trade Ltd.Power inductor with reduced DC current saturationUS7882614Mar 3, 2006Feb 8, 2011Marvell World Trade Ltd.Method for providing a power inductorUS7987580Mar 23, 2007Aug 2, 2011Marvell World Trade Ltd.Method of fabricating conductor crossover structure for power inductorUS8028401 *Oct 4, 2011Marvell World Trade Ltd.Method of fabricating a conducting crossover structure for a power inductorUS8035471Nov 15, 2005Oct 11, 2011Marvell World Trade Ltd.Power inductor with reduced DC current saturationUS8098123Jan 6, 2006Jan 17, 2012Marvell World Trade Ltd.Power inductor with reduced DC current saturationUS8324872Dec 4, 2012Marvell World Trade, Ltd.Voltage regulator with coupled inductors having high coefficient of couplingUS20060082430 *Nov 15, 2005Apr 20, 2006Marvell International Ltd.Power inductor with reduced DC current saturationUS20060114091 *Jan 6, 2006Jun 1, 2006Marvell World Trade, Ltd.Power inductor with reduced DC current saturationUS20060114093 *Jan 6, 2006Jun 1, 2006Marvell World Trade, Ltd.Power inductor with reduced DC current saturationUS20060158297 *Mar 3, 2006Jul 20, 2006Marvell World Trade Ltd.Power inductor with reduced DC current saturationUS20060158299 *Mar 3, 2006Jul 20, 2006Marvell World Trade Ltd.Power inductor with reduced DC current saturationUS20070163110 *Mar 23, 2007Jul 19, 2007Marvell World Trade Ltd.Power inductor with reduced DC current saturationUS20070171019 *Mar 23, 2007Jul 26, 2007Marvell World Trade Ltd.Power inductor with reduced DC current saturation* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification361/306.2, 29/25.42, 174/536, 174/531, 174/551, 174/564, 174/529International ClassificationH01G4/228, H05K1/02, H05K1/18, H01G4/12, H01G4/224Cooperative ClassificationH01G4/228, H01G4/224, Y10T29/435, H05K1/0231European ClassificationH01G4/224, H01G4/228Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionMar 13, 1985ASAssignmentOwner name: ROGERS CORPORATION ROGERS CONNECTICUT A CORP OF MAFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:KASK, ESTER M. ON BEHALF OF AND AS EXECUTRIX OF THE ESTATE OF EUGENE KASK, DEC D;REEL/FRAME:004383/0309Effective date: 19850308Jun 4, 1990FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Mar 8, 1993ASAssignmentOwner name: CIRCUIT COMPONENTS, INCORPORATED, ARIZONAFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:ROGERS CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:006445/0854Effective date: 19920330Jul 26, 1994REMIMaintenance fee reminder mailedDec 18, 1994LAPSLapse for failure to pay maintenance feesFeb 28, 1995FPExpired due to failure to pay maintenance feeEffective date: 19951221RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services


text:
Agenda Nutricional / News
fastmicro
Agenda Nutricional / News: Recent posts
Beta release planned
We are perfoming a great number of tests this week. The code was upgraded to use newest versions of Hibernate and now we are usign Maven to build the releases.
We are also introducing automated tests using TestNG, so we can guarantee a new release with less bugs than the previous ones.
The beta version is planned to be released on July 31.
We decided not to use CVS anymore. New code will be committed to SVN repository.
Agenda Nutricional 0.3.1 released
We corrected some bugs on the Simplex Method and the Diet report.
See Release notes on Download pages for more details.
We also posted the project planning for the next releases, on our Wiki pages. Use the Feature Requests Tracker to send us your suggestions!
Agenda Nutricional 0.3.0 released
We improved some functionalities, fixed some bugs and finished the Simplex integration.
There were some improvements on the gui - events, mainly.
We haven't fully tested the diet automatic generation, so we are quite certain errors will be found. We'd appreciate if you report them to us. We're releasing version 0.3.0 but we are sure we're gonna release some patches on the following days.
Read the Change Log and Release Notes for all the changes we made.
Agenda Nutricional 0.2.0 released
We improved some functionalities, fixed some bugs on the Hibernating mapping files and the retrieve functions.
We also included the copy/cut/paste and undo/redo funcionalities to the text fields. There are some improvements on the interface too. We also put the reports to work on this release.
Versão 0.1.0 disponível!
Acabamos de disponibilizar o Agenda Nutricional 0.1.0. Veja na página de Downloads. Leia as notas de versão para maiores informações sobre as funcionalidades disponíveis nesta versão. O processo de desenvolvimento está mais demorado do que havíamos planejado, mas temos uma versão funcional agora. Gostaríamos de pedir aos que fizerem o download e testarem que nos informassem sobre sua experiência usando o Agenda Nutricional no Open Discussion Forum. Isto nos ajudará a melhorar nosso software. ... read more
We've just released Agenda Nutricional 0.1.0. Check it out at Downloads page.
See release notes for more information on what features are available on this release.
The development process is slower than we'd planned, but we have now a functional version. We'd like to ask anyone who donwload it and test it to report his experience using Agenda Nutricional at out Open Discussion Forum. This will help us improve our software.... read more

value: This website is a web service that offers software consumers a centralized online location to control and manage open-source software projects and research business software. It provides source code repository hosting, bug tracking, mirroring of downloads for load balancing, a wiki for documentation, developer and user mailing lists, user-support forums, user-written reviews and ratings, a news bulletin, micro-blog for publishing project updates, and other features.


text:
Dolphin Gites, Parasol Gite, Vendee Has Shared Yard and Cable/satellite TV - UPDATED 2019 - TripAdvisor - La Chaize Giraud Vacation Rental
1 of 21View from pool
Cathy85220, VR Owner at Dolphin Gites, Parasol Gite, Vendee, responded to this reviewResponded August 28, 2017
Cathy85220, VR Owner at Dolphin Gites, Parasol Gite, Vendee, responded to this reviewResponded September 14, 2016
Cathy85220, VR Owner at Dolphin Gites, Parasol Gite, Vendee, responded to this reviewResponded October 5, 2015

value: This website is an American online travel company that operates a website and mobile app with user-generated content and a comparison shopping website.


text:
Private games (Large print book, 2012) [WorldCat.org]
I thought you might be interested in this item at http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/740630333 Title: Private games Author: James Patterson; Mark T Sullivan Publisher: New York : Little, Brown and Co., 2012. ISBN/ISSN: 9780316206808 0316206806 9780750540025 0750540028 OCLC:740630333
book_largeprint : Fiction : English : Large print ed., 1st edView all editions and formats
Private, the world's most renowned investigation firm, has been commissioned to provide security for the 2012 Olympic games in London. Its agents are the smartest, fastest, and most technologically advanced in the world, and 400 of them have been transferred to London to protect over 10,000 competitors who represent more than 200 countries. The opening ceremony is still hours away when Private investigator and single father of twins, Nigel Steele, is called to the scene of a ruthless murder. A high-ranking member of the games' organizing committee and his mistress have been killed. It is clear that it wasn't a crime of passion, but one of precise calculation and execution. Newspaper reporter Karen Pope receives a letter from a person who calls himself Cronus claiming responsibility for the murders. He also proclaims that he will restore the Olympics to their ancient glory and will destroy all who have corrupted the games with lies, cheating, and greed. Karen immediately hires Private to examine the letter, and she and Nigel uncover a criminal genius who won't stop until he has ended the games for good. Read more...
9780316206808 0316206806 9780750540025 0750540028
740630333
Add tags for "Private games". Be the first.
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value: This website is a union catalog that itemizes the collections of 15,637 libraries in 107 countries that participate in the OCLC global cooperative. It is operated by OCLC, Inc.


text:
Capitulo 7 De Gente Toxica Ensayo | eBay Please enable JavaScript Our new search experience requires JavaScript to be enabled. Please enable JavaScript on your browser, then try again.
Skip to main contenteBayShop by categoryEnter your search keywordAll CategoriesAntiquesArtBabyBooksBusiness & IndustrialCameras & PhotoCell Phones & AccessoriesClothing, Shoes & AccessoriesCoins & Paper MoneyCollectiblesComputers/Tablets & NetworkingConsumer ElectronicsCraftsDolls & BearsDVDs & MovieseBay MotorsEntertainment MemorabiliaGift Cards & CouponsHealth & BeautyHome & GardenJewelry & WatchesMusicMusical Instruments & GearPet SuppliesPottery & GlassReal EstateSpecialty ServicesSporting GoodsSports Mem, Cards & Fan ShopStampsTickets & ExperiencesToys & HobbiesTravelVideo Games & ConsolesEverything ElseAdvanced or register':' style="margin-right:3px">Hi -User-!'.replace(/-User-/,escape(a)))+"")}catch(b){document.write("")}})();Hi (Sign in to bid or buy)Daily DealsGift CardsSellHelp & ContactMy eBayExpand My eBaySummaryBids/OffersWatch listWish listAll listsPurchase historySellingMy CollectionsFollowed searchesMessagesNotification Refine your search for Capitulo 7 De Gente Toxica Ensayo
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Capitulo 7 De Gente Toxica Ensayo: This is the median price based on sales of this product in the same condition from all listings on ebay.com in the past 14 days, or if there are any insufficient number of listings for a meaningful calculation, the past 90 days.


text:
Broward Youth Treatment Center in Pembroke Pines, FL with Reviews - YP.com
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value: This website is a United States-based web site operated by YP Holdings that provides listings for local businesses. In 2013 it was re-branded as YP.com or simply "YP".


text:
Japanese Cabinet Is Reshuffled - The Washington Post
Japanese Cabinet Is Reshuffled
By John Burgess By John Burgess December 29, 1985
Prime Minister Yasuhiro Nakasone replaced most of his 21-member Cabinet this evening in a routine year-end reshuffle but retained its most important personalities.
There were few surprises in his selections and no shifts in policy are expected. Reshuffles are part of a political system that rewards as many members of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party as possible with brief terms on the Cabinet.
The Cabinet's two most prominent members, Finance Minister Noboru Takeshita and Foreign Minister Shintaro Abe, were retained. The party's executive council chairman, Kiichi Miyazawa, also kept his post as Nakasone left the party hierarchy unchanged.
The three men are all viewed as potential future prime ministers.
The most significant change was the appointment of Masaharu Gotoda as chief Cabinet secretary. He held the post in a previous Nakasone Cabinet and will act as spokesman for the prime minister and chief of domestic policy.
Speaking to reporters afterward, he said: "Continuity and stability, plus promotion of important reform, were key factors in the selection of members." The main pending reform programs of the Nakasone government cover the state railway system, education and administration.
The new chief of the powerful Ministry of International Trade and Industry is Michio Watanabe, a former minister of finance who is credited with putting a human face on that ministry during his tenure.
At the Defense Agency, Nakasone kept Koichi Kato in the top post. Kato later said that Nakasone had told him continuity was needed to maintain credibility in military relations with the United States.
The old Cabinet resigned en masse this afternoon after adopting a draft national budget for the fiscal year that begins April 1.
Its formation followed lengthy negotiations between the five major factions of the ruling party. The basic distribution of Cabinet seats among them was preserved, with the largest number, six, going to the faction of former prime minister Kakuei Tanaka.
By the rules of politics here, Nakasone should step down late next year, as prime ministers are supposed to be limited to four years. But Nakasone is widely believed to be eyeing an extension, through amendment of party rules or some other device.
Elections for the upper house of the Diet, or parliament, are scheduled for next summer. Political observers are waiting to see if Nakasone will call lower house elections at the same time

value: This website is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C. It is the most-widely circulated newspaper within the Washington metropolitan area, and has a large national audience. Daily broadsheet editions are printed for D.C., Maryland, and Virginia.


text:
Annual report of the director of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. (Journal, magazine, 1953) [WorldCat.org]
http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/7245622
Title: Annual report of the director of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College.
Publisher: Cambridge : Printed at the University, 1953-1961.
ISBN/ISSN: 0735-1003
OCLC:7245622
Cambridge : Printed at the University, 1953-1961.
ISSN:0735-1003
Annual report of the director of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College
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wdrs:describedby <http://www.worldcat.org/title/-/oclc/7245622> ; .
<http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/9631149#Agent/printed_at_the_university> # Printed at the University
<http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/9631149#Place/cambridge> # Cambridge
<http://worldcat.org/entity/work/id/9631149> umbel:isLike <http://worldcat.org/issn/0735-1003> ; # Annual report of the director of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College.
<http://worldcat.org/issn/0735-1003> # Annual report of the director of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College.
a schema:Periodical ; schema:issn "0735-1003" ; schema:name "Annual report of the director of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College."@en ; umbel:isLike <http://worldcat.org/entity/work/id/9631149> ; .
<http://www.worldcat.org/title/-/oclc/7245622> a genont:InformationResource, genont:ContentTypeGenericResource ; schema:about <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/7245622> ; # Annual report of the director of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College.
<http://www.worldcat.org/title/-/oclc/7245622#PublicationEvent/cambridge_printed_at_the_university_1953_1961> a schema:PublicationEvent ; schema:location <http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/9631149#Place/cambridge> ; # Cambridge
schema:organizer <http://experiment.worldcat.org/entity/work/data/9631149#Agent/printed_at_the_university> ; # Printed at the University
Annual report of the director of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College./Harvard University. Museum of Comparative Zoology.; Cambridge : Printed at the University, 1953-1961.