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Mental Health of Refugees and Asylum Seekers by Dinesh Bhugra | Paperback | Barnes & Noble
Mental Health of Refugees and Asylum Seekers by
Overview Thoughout the world the number of refugees and asylum seekers continues to increase at an astonishing rate. Given that most will have left their country due to persecution, war, or appalling violations of their human rights, many will have specific mental health needs. Cultural and socioeconomic factors play a major role in expressions of distress, help seeking, pathways into care, and acceptance or rejection of treatments. Being a refugee or asylum seeker raises questions about an individual's self respect and ...
Paperback $63.59
Thoughout the world the number of refugees and asylum seekers continues to increase at an astonishing rate. Given that most will have left their country due to persecution, war, or appalling violations of their human rights, many will have specific mental health needs. Cultural and socioeconomic factors play a major role in expressions of distress, help seeking, pathways into care, and acceptance or rejection of treatments. Being a refugee or asylum seeker raises questions about an individual's self respect and altered identity. Too often though, the needs of this population are ignored by policy makers and clinicians, and these people are left to fend for themselves.
Mental Health of Refugees and Asylum Seekers presents both the theoretical and practical aspects of the mental health needs of refugees and asylum seekers. It looks at the impact of migration on mental health and adjustment, collective trauma, individual identity, and diagnostic fallacies. A practical section highlights cultural factors, ethnopsychopharmacology, therapeutic interaction, therapeutic expectation and psychotherapy. The final part of the book focuses on special problems - such as bereavement, sexual violence, and post traumatic stress disorders, as well as considering mental health problems in special groups, such as child refugees.
This book will be an essential resource for all mental health professionals- helping them better understand the needs of refugees and asylum seekers, how their problems can be managed, and how they can best be helped.
ISBN-13: 9780199557226
Pages: 312Product dimensions: 6.10 (w) x 9.10 (h) x 0.80 (d)
Professor Dinesh Bhugra is Professor of Mental Health and Cultural Diversity at the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London. He is also an Honorary Consultant at the Maudsley Hospital, where he runs the sexual and couple therapy clinic.
Professor Bhugra's research interests are in cultural psychiatry, sexual dysfunction and service development. He has authored/co-authored over 300 scientific papers, chapters and 20 books. His recent volumes are Textbook of Cultural Psychiatry (awarded a recommendation in the BMA Book Awards in 2008), Culture and Mental Health, Handbook for Psychiatric Trainees and Management for Psychiatrists. His most recent monograph, Mad Tales from Bollywood: Portrayal of Madness in Conventional Hindi Cinema, was published in 2006.
He is the Editor of the International Journal of Social Psychiatry, International Review of Psychiatry and International Journal of Culture and Mental Health.
Tom Craig is Professor of Social Psychiatry at the Institute of Psychiatry and with the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust. His interests concern the development and dissemination of innovative community-based psychiatric services with an emphasis on practical interventions to tackle social exclusion and promote quality of life for people suffering from severe mental illness. These programmes have included the establishment and evaluation of psychiatric services for homeless mentally ill people, residential alternatives to the hospital asylum, the development of clinical case management models and specialised interventions for young people suffering from the first episode of a psychotic illness.
Professor Bhui was born in Kenya to a Punjabi Sikh family. He was schooled at the Vale and Aylesbury Grammar School in Aylesbury. He qualified in medicine (MBBS) from United Medical Schools of Guys & St Thomas' (UMDS) in 1988.
Professor Bhui is Consultant Psychiatrist in Psychotherapy, and has worked in Community Mental Health Teams, Assertive Outreach Teams, and with a team working with homeless people in East London. Current work involves specialist assessment of referrals to tertiary psychotherapy service, especially the assessment and management of complex culturally influenced presentations.
As Director of the Innovative Cultural Consultations Service commissioned by NHS Tower Hamlets, Professor Bhui contributes to workforce development and provision of high quality and culturally capable care.
1. Introduction: Refugees and asylum seekers: conceptual issues, Dinesh Bhugra and Pedro Ruiz
2. Mental distress and psychological interventions in refugee populations, Tom Craig
3. Pre-migration and mental health of refugees, Thomas Stompe, David Holzer, and Alexander Friedmann
4. Post-migration and mental health in Australia, Helen Herrman, Ida Kaplan, and Josef Szwarc
5. Psychiatric diagnoses and assessment issues for refugees and asylum seekers, K.S. Bhui and Nasir Warfa
6. Complex mental health problems of refugees, Daya Somasundaram
7. International refugee policy, Sean Cross, Jim Crabb, and Rachel Jenkins
8. Dealing with cultural differences, Pedro Ruiz, Susham Gupta, and Dinesh Bhugra
9. Therapeutic skills and therapeutic expectations, Pedro Ruiz
10. Treatment goals and therapeutic actions, J. David Kinzie, John Mark Kinzie
11. Psychopharmacology for asylum seekers and refugees, Keh-Ming Lin, Tonya Fancher, and Freda Cheung
12. Psychotherapy and refugees, Russell Lim and Alan Koike
13. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Nick Grey, Damon Lab, and Kerry Young
14. Suicide in refugees and asylum seekers, Lakshmi Vijayakumar amd A. T. Jotheeswarma
15. Loss and cultural bereavement, Wojtek Wojcik, Dinesh Bhugra, and Tom Craig
16. Child refugees and refugee families, Julia Huemer and Panos Vostanis
17. Sexual violence and refugees, Gill Mezey and Ajoy Thachil
18. Paternalism or autonomy?: ethics, ideology and science in refugee mental health interventions, Derrick Silove and Susan Rees
19. Impact on clinicians, Sean Cross and Jim Crabb
20. Mental health service provision for asylum seekers and refugees, K.S. Bhui, Nasir Warfa, and Salaad Mohamud
21. Conclusions, Dinesh Bhugra, Tom Craig, and K.S. Bhui

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Glenn Ferguson (1948-1998) - Find A Grave Memorial
86861282 · View Source
James Millard Ferguson
Find A Grave Memorial 86861282
Find A Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com : accessed ), memorial page for Glenn Ferguson (Mar 1948–1998), Find A Grave Memorial no. 86861282, citing Spring Valley Memory Gardens, Huntington, Wayne County, West Virginia, USA ; Maintained by Connie McComas (contributor 47750344) .
Add Photos for Glenn Ferguson
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I thought you might like to see a memorial for Glenn Ferguson I found on Findagrave.com.

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Golden Boy by Claire Thompson, Paperback | Barnes & Noble® Books by Author Books by Series Collectible Editions Coming Soon by Date Coming Soon by Subject New Releases NY Times Bestsellers Signed Books Top Books of the Month
Golden Boy by Claire Thompson
Golden Boy 3.9 out of 5 based on 0 ratings. 16 reviews.


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metalwear from the little blue studio ® by marialouisehigh on Etsy
marialouisehigh
metalwear from the little blue studio ®
Baltimore, Maryland On Etsy since 2008
Baltimore, Maryland | 41 Sales
Announcement follow me for more work at instagram.com/marialouisehigh and marialouisehigh.bigcartel.com
Select pieces at WHITE Viviane Rowan Design - 605 Hughes St. Cape May, NJ
Follow my Instagram and FB page for upcoming holiday shops/events in Baltimore, MD
follow me for more work at instagram.com/marialouisehigh and marialouisehigh.bigcartel.com
kkimber08850 on May 11, 2017
Really unique and well made item that brings back memories -nice idea! Fast shipping...Great seller communication.
Atlantic City sands single beach inspired copper bangle bracelet in antiqued copper finish
She worked with me to design a bigger and quirkier bangle based on my requests. She was so communicative and friendly, and very quick to make it and ship! I love the finished products and get compliments every time I wear it. Highly recommended!!
SAND and SURF single ocean inspired copper bangle bracelet with pearls - front open style
V on May 17, 2016
Great communication and sizing worked perfectly! I love my cuff ;)
RESERVED for V single ocean inspired copper bangle bracelet with pearls in deep kelp copper finish
jansefam on Nov 11, 2014
Beautiful highly recommend 3rd piece I have purchased.
SEA TREASURE pearls and sand copper earrings with bronzed patina finish
Reviewed by Inactive on Jul 28, 2014
Gorgeous piece. Literally one of my favorites in my collection. Shop here!!! This shop is fabulous! The artist is amazing to deal with. Thank you!
SAND and SURF single ocean inspired copper bangle bracelet with bronze-toned finish
Kelly on Apr 7, 2014
beautiful and organic. perfect gift.
SAND and SURF single ocean inspired copper bangle bracelet with pearls in high shine finish
Glenda on Feb 22, 2014
Amazing work!! Pleasure to work with ..I am so happy to have found this site.. Will be ordering many more pieces.. Each is a work of art!! Thx again Glenda
RESERVED for GMC - ocean inspired copper bangle bracelet - Sea Kelp
This is a stunning piece, very unique and beautifully crafted. So glad to have discovered your work!
single drop pearl and copper chain necklace - THE ISLAND COLLECTION
About marialouisehigh
Most of my natural elements come from the beaches in South Jersey, but I do have a few from visiting other places as eel
Pre-electroforming compositions
Adding texture - yes, it's authentic NJ sand encapsulated in copper.
Prepping copper strips for forming.
It started with a not-so-small collection of shells...
I have been collecting shells along the New Jersey coastline since I was about 5 or 6 years old. In the seventies, it was pretty easy to amass a collection of whole, large scallop and snail shells to commemorate your summer stay at the beach. Several times my mother was lucky enough to find 6-8” whelk or conch shells.
Over the years, these larger pieces slowly disappeared. Now during beach visits, you mostly find fragments of shells. It is difficult to find larger, intact shells…except maybe a clam shell recently cleaned by a seagull. Many beachgoers don’t even look down anymore.
I still collect, regardless, because I think even the small pieces are worth looking at and treasuring for their beautiful color and shape. What if, someday, we do not even have these?
I endlessly search through thousands of shell fragments, sea glass and beach stones each year, sadly weeding out all of the pieces too fragile to use. At the end of my trip, I am usually left with a few dozen shells that carry enough color and texture to become the focal point of one of my designs. I do not drill the shells or stones. I prefer to find pieces that already have the holes pounded into them by the surf and sea creatures.
I hope you enjoy your little bit of the sea as much as I do.
I am sure it's genetic...if I do not make something every single day with my hands I will expire. I come from a family of building builders, Singer sew-ers and garden growers. Hands make magic.
No refunds or exchanges on Custom/Reserved work. Made To Order pieces that are given a rush status are then considered Custom.
On NON-CUSTOM pieces, I will gladly accept refund requests that meet the following conditions:
1. Refund must be pre-approved before you send item back.
2. Item must be in its entire original packing materials, both inner and outer packaging.
3. Must be shipped with a delivery confirmation number.
4. Must be unworn and undamaged.
5. Must be postmarked within 4 days of the original delivery date as provided by USPS delivery confirmation.
Shipping and handling fees are not refunded.
Money order or Paypal gladly accepted! Paypal payments must be from a confirmed address.
For International Shipments, buyer assumes all responsibility for customs fees and all other taxes and tariffs. Also, international orders will be shipped first class mail unless you wish to pay for Priority Mail with tracking, as it is significantly more.
Certain packages will be shipped with insurance and signature delivery confirmation. This may happen at my discretion or the customer's request.

value: This website is an American e-commerce company focused on handmade or vintage items and craft supplies.


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Medicine - The Necessary Art. (eVideo, 2018) [WorldCat.org]
I thought you might be interested in this item at http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1035143005 Title: Medicine - The Necessary Art. Publisher: [San Francisco, California, USA] : Kanopy Streaming, The Great Courses, 2018. 1999. OCLC:1035143005
Medicine - The Necessary Art.
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<https://ualberta.kanopy.com/node/1492845>

value: This website is a union catalog that itemizes the collections of 15,637 libraries in 107 countries that participate in the OCLC global cooperative. It is operated by OCLC, Inc.


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Migrate a Joomla [url removed, login to view] to Joomla 2.5 | Joomla | MySQL | PHP | Website Management | Website Testing
Migrate a Joomla [url removed, login to view] to Joomla 2.5
I have few sites using Joomla [url removed, login to view] and I want them to be migrated to Joomla 2.5 asap. I'll start with one and if the experience is good enough will add the other projects.
Basicly, the sites are using templates based on Joomlart T3 framework (which are compatible with 2.5). I want to keep my custom features such as multicategory in all my modules and components and the ability to add a subtitle in articles (displayed on frontend too and all the modules).
How we'll work: I will do an export with Akeeba Backup of all the files and DB then place it on a server for download. Delivery method should be the same and we pay after testing. Your proposals are more than welcome (only experienced developers will be selected)
Skills: Joomla, MySQL, PHP, Website Management, Website Testing
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News site, features or special reports ($30-200 USD)

value: This website is an Australian freelance marketplace website, which allows potential employers to post jobs that freelancers can then bid to complete. Founded in 2009, its headquarters is located in Sydney, Australia, though it also has offices in Vancouver, London, Buenos Aires, Manila, and Jakarta.


value: This website is an American internet retailer selling primarily furniture headquartered in Midvale, Utah, near Salt Lake City.


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Patent US8202593 - Printing carriers for transferring confidential information - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsIn a printing carrier for transferring confidential information with a transparent film layer onto the front side of which the confidential information can be printed and wherein a concealing means, which considerably complicates the capability to identify the confidential information on the film layer...http://www.google.com/patents/US8202593?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US8202593 - Printing carriers for transferring confidential informationAdvanced Patent SearchTry the new Google Patents, with machine-classified Google Scholar results, and Japanese and South Korean patents.Publication numberUS8202593 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 12/355,916Publication dateJun 19, 2012Filing dateJan 19, 2009Priority dateMay 15, 2008Fee statusPaidAlso published asEP2285588A1, EP2285588B1, EP2301761A1, EP2301761B1, US20090286052, WO2009137949A1Publication number12355916, 355916, US 8202593 B2, US 8202593B2, US-B2-8202593, US8202593 B2, US8202593B2InventorsJules Fischer, Christian PortmannOriginal AssigneeFofitec AgExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (6), Classifications (27), Legal Events (1) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetPrinting carriers for transferring confidential information
US 8202593 B2Abstract
In a printing carrier for transferring confidential information with a transparent film layer onto the front side of which the confidential information can be printed and wherein a concealing means, which considerably complicates the capability to identify the confidential information on the film layer is present behind the film layer, provision is made according to the invention for the film layer to carry on the front side at least one structure imprint, which does not add to the confidential information and which improves the effect of the concealing means due to its irregular area coverage.
1. A printing carrier for transferring confidential information, said printing carrier comprising:
a transparent film layer having a front side and a rear side;
a selection from the group consisting of no layers or at least one layer located on said front side of said transparent film layer;
at least one structure imprint being carried by said transparent film layer and being located directly on said front side of said transparent film layer in the event there are no layers on said front side and located on said at least one layer in the event there is at least one layer on said front side of said transparent film layer, said at least one structure imprint having an irregular area coverage leaving areas of said front side of said transparent film layer or said at least one layer uncovered;
an upper surface adapted to receive the confidential information by imprinting and including said at least one structure imprint, and
the areas of said transparent film layer not covered by said at least one structure imprint in the event there are no layers on said front side, and
the areas of said at least one layer not covered by said at least one structure imprint in the event there is at least one layer on said front side of said transparent film layer; and
a concealing means having a first color and being located underneath said rear side of said film layer, said concealing means being adapted to complicate the capability to identify the confidential information on said upper surface;
wherein said at least one structure imprint improves the effect of said concealing means due to the irregular area coverage.
2. The printing carrier according to claim 1, wherein said front side of said film layer comprises a matt appearance or a matt finish and wherein said at least one structure imprint has a glossy appearance.
3. The printing carrier according to claim 1 wherein said at least one structure imprint is transparent.
4. The printing carrier according to claim 1 wherein said at least one structure imprint has a color, said color creating a color contrast to the color of said concealing means.
5. The printing carrier according to claim 1 wherein said at least one structure imprint further comprises a first affinity vis-à-vis toner or ink suitable for printing the confidential information;
wherein the area of said upper surface not covered by said at least one structure imprint comprises a second affinity vis-à-vis the toner or ink; and
wherein said second affinity is different from said first affinity.
6. The printing carrier according to claim 1 wherein said concealing means further has a second color, and wherein at least one of said first color and said second color includes a partial area coverage being substantially the same as said irregular area coverage of said at least one structure imprint.
7. The printing carrier according to claim 1 further comprising:
a separating layer having a front side and a rear side,
wherein said transparent film layer and said concealing means are capable of being separated from one another at said front side of said separating layer.
8. The printing carrier according to claim 7 and further comprising:
at least one non-transparent separating color for the separating layer, said at least one non-transparent separating color simultaneously forming said concealing means.
9. The printing carrier according to claim 8, wherein said rear side of said film layer carries said concealing means, said concealing means being formed by said at least one separating color layer, said printing carrier further comprising:
a carrier layer located behind said film layer;
an adhesive layer having two sides, said adhesive layer or a portion of the adhesive layer being colored and being located between said film layer and said carrier layer;
a first transparent separating varnish substantially present across the entire area on one of said two sides of said adhesive layer; and
a second structured separating varnish present on the other side of said adhesive layer near said concealing means,
wherein said first separating varnish separates less easily from said adhesive layer than said second structured separating varnish separates from said adhesive layer, said film layer or said carrier layer.
10. The printing carrier according to claim 7 and further comprising:
an adhesive layer applied to said rear side of said separating layer.
11. The printing carrier according to claim 10 and further comprising:
a label comprising said transparent film layer, said label being glued onto said paper layer by said adhesive layer.
12. The printing carrier according to claim 11 wherein said adhesive layer projects beyond said separating layer and permanently connects said film layer to said paper layer.
13. The printing carrier according to claim 12, further comprising:
a structured transparent separating varnish partially applied to the rear side of said film layer in an area where said adhesive layer projects beyond said separating layer and said concealing means and wherein said adhesive layer or a portion of said adhesive layer thereof is colored.
14. The printing carrier according to claim 11 further comprising:
a contrast reference field encompassing the same color as said concealing means when viewing said concealing means through said film layer before said film layer and said concealing means are separated from one another at said separating layer, said contrast reference laterally adjoining said concealing means.
15. The printing carrier according to claim 7 wherein said transparent film layer further comprises:
a front layer having a front, said front layer being adapted to receive the confidential information by imprinting on said front; and
a back layer having a back, said back layer being provided with said separating layer on the back.
16. The printing carrier according to claim 7 further comprising:
a separating color layer having an edge region, said separating color layer used for said separating layer and for the concealing means; and
a structured transparent adhesive varnish applied to the rear side of said film layer in the edge region of said separating color layer.
17. The printing carrier according to claim 7, further comprising:
a carrier layer having a color and including a front side, said carrier layer carrying the concealing means on the front side wherein the color of said carrier layer differs from the color of said concealing means;
an adhesive layer securing said transparent film layer onto said concealing means, said transparent film layer being separable at the front side of the carrier layer; and
a structured separating varnish located between concealing means and said carrier layer;
wherein the adhesive force between said concealing means and said adhesive layer on the one hand as well as between said concealing means and said carrier layer on the other hand is in each case greater than the adhesive force of said adhesive layer vis-à-vis said transparent film layer and that it is again greater than the adhesive force of said structured separating varnish vis-à-vis said carrier layer or said concealing means; and
wherein the cohesion of said adhesive layer is greater than the adhesive force of said adhesive layer vis-à-vis said transparent film layer.
18. The printing carrier according to claim 1 further comprising-a reagent color discoloring irreversibly under the impact of heat and/or solvent.
19. The printing carrier according to claim 1, wherein said at least one structure imprint forms a micro-topography comprising elevations on said transparent film layer.
20. The printing carrier according to claim 5, wherein said at least one structure imprint comprises a third affinity vis-à-vis an adjacent underlying layer;
wherein the area of said upper surface not covered by said at least one structure imprint has a fourth affinity vis-à-vis toner or ink suitable for printing confidential information; and
wherein the third affinity is lower than the fourth affinity.
21. The printing carrier according to claim 1, further comprising a reagent color including an absorber for infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation.
This application claims priority of Swiss Application Serial No. 00740/08 filed May 15, 2008.
The invention relates to printing carriers for transferring confidential information with a transparent film layer onto the front side of which the confidential information can be printed and wherein a concealing means, which complicates the capability to identify the confidential information on the film layer is present behind the film layer.
Printing carriers comprising confidential information, e.g., personal identification numbers of bank or credit cards are often sent via mail. The confidential information must thereby be protected in such a manner that it cannot be read by third parties, or also by the sender (e.g. bank employees). The receiver for whom the confidential information is intended is also to be able to identify whether the confidential information has been read by third parties.
Printing carriers in the form of standard forms comprising a transparent film, which can be imprinted by means of a laser printer or an ink jet printer and which is glued on top of a concealing means, are known from EP 1 293 359, WO 00/54984 and WO 99/24267. A transparent separating layer, generally a silicon layer, is located between the film and the concealing means. The confidential information is printed onto the transparent film and cannot be read in transmitted light due to the concealing means located therebelow. Under normal circumstances, the confidential information can thus not be read by bank employees, e.g., who print and package the standard form. The confidential information can be identified only when the end user separates the film and the concealing means from one another at the separating layer.
However, depending on the state of the toner or of the ink, the confidential information is capable of being identified under specularly reflected light in spite of the concealing means with the known embodiments.
It is the object of this invention to ensure additional security against unauthorized reading of the confidential information.
According to the invention, using a printing carrier of the afore-mentioned type for transferring confidential information, this is attained in that the film layer carries on its front side at least one structure imprint, which does not add to the confidential information and which improves the effect of the concealing means due to its irregular area coverage.
The structured surface creates a micro-topography comprising elevations (where the structure imprint is present) and depressions (where the structure imprint is not present), wherein parts of the imprinted confidential information are covered by elevations in response to small viewing angles in the depressions, which additionally complicates unauthorized reading.
The structure imprint according to the invention can be applied with an area coverage of 15-85%, preferably with an area coverage of 30-70%.
The film layer is either a film, which can be imprinted directly, such as, e.g., an acetate film or is provided with a layer, such as, e.g., a print layer to enable or improve the imprintability thereof.
The film layer can be embodied to be glossy or matt-finished on its front side as such or by means of a layer, such as, e.g., a print layer, which is applied over the entire area, and the structure imprint can be embodied so as to be matt-finished or glossy as a function thereof, which thus results in a gloss contrast to the areas, which are not covered by the structure imprint. Due to the interplay between matt and gloss, this gloss contract causes a reflection pattern to form in the specularly reflected light. Reflections on the imprinted confidential information disappear for the eye in said reflection pattern. The unauthorized reading of the confidential information under a flat viewing angle is thus complicated and the read protection is improved.
The structure imprint according to the invention is particularly transparent. However, it can also be embodied so as to have color characteristics such as whitish, tinted or opaque, thus leading to a color contrast to the concealing means, which is present behind the film layer. The color contrast can structure a structured concealing means more strongly and can thus improve the read protection. A uniform, dark and unstructured concealing means can also appear to be structured due to a light and opaque structure imprint.
Provided that the concealing means is structured, the structure imprint can encompass a similar structuring as the concealing means.
The gloss contrast and the color contrast can be present individually or in combination. They could also be realized by means of different layers. A glossy, transparent structure imprint, e.g., could be arranged above a further opaque structure imprint.
Additionally, a toner or ink, which is suitable for the printing of the confidential information, can encompass a different affinity as compared with the structure imprint on the one hand and as compared with the areas, which are not covered by the structure imprint on the other hand. The toner or the ink of the confidential information adheres less to the areas comprising a small affinity than on the areas with a higher affinity. In response to an attempt to transfer the confidential information onto an adhesive strip, e.g., the reproduction of the toner or the ink located on the areas comprising a lower affinity are mainly created on the adhesive strip and the confidential information is not easily identifiable. However, a portion of the toner or of the ink is missing on the printing carrier and the unauthorized reading attempt is visible.
A reagent color can be used completely or partially for the structure imprint and/or another layer as further protection against an undesired identification of the confidential information. Said reagent color discolors irreversibly under the impact of heat and/or solvent and/or includes an absorber for infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation.
To reveal confidential information imprinted on the printing carrier according to the invention, the impact of the concealing means must be cancelled. For this purpose, provision can be made for a separating layer, which allows for the transparent film layer and the concealing means to be separated from one another thereon.
Preferably, at least one non-transparent separating color, which simultaneously forms the concealing means, is used for the separating layer.
The back of the separating layer can be applied to the transparent film layer and the back thereof can in turn be provided with an adhesive layer, wherein the separating layer adheres to the back of the transparent film layer with an adhesive force, which is less than its adhesive force as compared with the adhesive layer.
Furthermore, the printing carrier according to the invention is preferably a manipulation-indicative standard form or a part of such a standard form comprising a label, wherein the label comprises the transparent film layer and is glued onto a paper layer of the standard form by means of an adhesive layer.
The back of the mentioned separating layer can hereby be partially applied to the transparent film layer and the adhesive layer can project beyond the separating layer at least on one side, but preferably on all sides so that said separating layer permanently connects the film layer to the paper layer at that location and so that a fiber tear occurs in the paper at that location when the film layer is separated. Press cuts can be placed into the paper to limit or also to support the fiber tear.
At the location where the adhesive layer projects beyond the separating layer and the concealing means, a structured transparent separating varnish in particular in the form of lettering can be applied on the back of the film layer and the adhesive layer or at least a layer thereof can be colored. Upon separation, the film layer separates from the separating varnish, where it is present. However, the colored adhesive layer adheres to the film at the locations without a separating varnish and then forms the lettering.
A similar effect results when a structured transparent adhesive varnish is applied to the back of the film layer in the edge region of a separating color, which is used for the separating layer and for the concealing means. Where the adhesive varnish is present, the concealing means does not separate from the film in response to the separation of the film and forms lettering on said film again, e.g.
The transparent film layer can also consist of two layers, which are glued to one another and wherein the front of the front layer can be imprinted and the back of back layer is provided with the separating layer. This embodiment allows in particular for a format-variable embodiment of the printing carrier.
According to a further embodiment, the film layer carries on its back the concealing means, which is formed by at least one separating color; a carrier layer is present behind the film layer; an adhesive layer, which is colored at least in some of the layers, is present between the film layer and the carrier layer; a first transparent separating varnish is present on the one side of this adhesive layer substantially over the entire area; a second structured separating varnish is present on the other side of this adhesive layer in the edge region around the concealing means; the first separating varnish separates as compared with the adhesive layer, but less than the second structured separating varnish as compared with this adhesive layer or as compared with the film layer or the carrier layer. Lettering can also be generated with this embodiment in response to the separation of film layer and concealing means. The back of the carrier layer can be provided with a further adhesive layer and can be glued onto a paper layer of a standard form, e.g., by means of said adhesive layer. Press cuts are hereby not required in the standard form.
According to yet a further embodiment, a carrier layer carries on its front side the concealing means, which is embodied as a layer, wherein the color of said carrier layer differs from the color of said concealing means; the transparent film layer is glued onto the concealing means so that it can be separated at the front by means of an adhesive layer; a structured separating varnish is present between the concealing means and the carrier layer; the adhesive force between the concealing means and the adhesive layer on the one hand as well as between the concealing means and the carrier layer on the other hand is in each case greater than the adhesive force of the adhesive layer as compared with the transparent film layer and is again greater than the adhesive force of the structured separating varnish as compared with the carrier layer or the concealing means; and the cohesion of the adhesive layer is greater than the adhesive force of the adhesive layer as compared with the transparent film layer. Lettering can also be generated with this embodiment in response to the separation of film layer and concealing means, wherein the components of said lettering, however, remain on the carrier layer. The embodiment is furthermore characterized by a complete format variability.
When the printing carrier is a manipulation-indicative standard form or a part of such a standard form, provision can be made in an area of the standard form adjoining the concealing means for a contrast reference field, which encompasses the same color as the concealing means when viewed through the film layer before said film layer and the concealing means are separated from one another at the separating layer. The contrast reference field intensifies the capability to identify the contrast reduction, which appears in most of the embodiments, with reference to the appearance of the concealing means after a separation of the film layer from the concealing means.
The invention is to be defined in more detail below by means of exemplary embodiments in combination with the drawing.
FIG. 1 shows under a)-e) embodiments of a printing carrier according to the invention comprising concealing means in sectional views;
FIG. 2 shows under a)-d) a printing carrier according to the invention as a part of a standard form comprising a label in a sectional view, wherein the concealing means has a different embodiment;
FIG. 3 shows a printing carrier according to the invention as a part of a manipulation-indicative standard form comprising a label in a sectional view (3 a), in a top view (3 b) and in a sectional view after the confidential information has been identified (3 c);
FIG. 4 shows a printing carrier in an illustration according to FIG. 3, wherein the film layer is glued onto the standard form at two edge regions, which are located opposite one another;
FIG. 5 shows a printing carrier in an illustration according to FIG. 3, wherein the film layer is embodied in two layers;
FIG. 6 shows a printing carrier in an illustration according to FIG. 3 comprising a first version of lettering VOID, which is generated in response to an unauthorized manipulation;
FIG. 7 shows a printing carrier in a sectional view as a part of a standard form comprising a second version of lettering VOID, which is generated in response to an unauthorized manipulation;
FIG. 8 shows a printing carrier in two sectional views as a part of a standard form comprising a third version of lettering VOID, which is generated in response to an unauthorized manipulation;
FIG. 9 shows a printing carrier according to the invention as part of a standard form comprising a label in a sectional view (3 a), in a top view (3 b) and in a sectional view after the confidential information has been identified (3 c), wherein a fourth version of lettering VOID, which is generated in response to an unauthorized manipulation, is used here; and
FIG. 10 shows a printing carrier according to the invention in a top view on a standard form comprising a contrast reference field in original state (10 a) and after separating the film layer of the printing carrier (10 b).
The layer thicknesses in particular are not illustrated in a realistically thick manner in the sectional views so as to be able to better identify them. Realistic layer thicknesses lie in the range of from approx. 1-100 μm.
FIGS. 1 a-1 e show in each case a printing carrier for transferring confidential information 1 with a transparent film layer 3, behind which a concealing means U is present, which forms a background, which is visible through the transparent film layer 3 and which thus at least considerably complicates the capability to identify confidential information 1, which is imprinted on the front side of the film 3, e.g., by means of laser printers or inkjet printers.
In FIGS. 1 a-1 e, the concealing means U is in each case applied directly to the film layer 3 as coating. However, additional non-illustrated layers could also be present between the concealing means U and the film layer 3, such as, e.g., a separating layer. The area of the concealing means U could also comprise only a partial area of the film layer 3.
In FIGS. 1 a-1 e, the film 3 carries in each case a structure imprint 15 on its front side. Said structure imprint 15 supports the effect of the concealing means U on the one hand, but also supplements it on the other hand and thus improves the read protection of the confidential information 1.
The structure imprint 15 forms a micro-topography comprising elevations on the film 3. Parts 16 of imprinted confidential information 1 come to lie on these elevations, while other parts 17 come to lie on the film layer 3 in the valleys therebetween. When viewed under a small angle, the parts 17 of the confidential information 1 located in the valleys are partially covered behind the elevations, which complicates the capability to identify and the readability of the confidential information 1.
The film layer 3 is embodied to be glossy or matt-finished and the structure imprint 15 is embodied to be matt-finished or glossy as a function thereof, thus resulting in a gloss contrast to the areas, which are not covered by the structure imprint 15. A matt-finished structure imprint 15 on a glossy film layer 3, e.g. a polyester film, leads to an interplay between matt-finish and gloss. The same effect appears when a glossy structure imprint 15 is applied to a matt-finished film layer 3, e.g. an acetate film.
Depending on the state of the toner or of the ink, which is used, confidential information 1, which is imprinted on a uniform surface, e.g. on an untreated film layer 3 or on a matt-finished layer, which is applied across the entire area, can be read, if necessary, in spite of the concealing means U under certain angles of view, in particular when the angle of view is the same as the angle of incidence of the light. This effect is generated by means of the different reflections of the light on the uniform surface on the one hand and on the toner or the ink on the other hand. An area with high gloss, e.g., leads to a highly directed or reflective reflection, while an area with a low gloss leads to a diffuse reflection.
An irregular reflection pattern comprising glossy and matt-finished areas, in which the different reflections which are caused by the imprinting of the confidential information 1 disappear, is generated on the surface of the printing carrier. The effect is similar to the effect of a structured concealing means U, via which the bright-dark contract of the imprinted confidential information 1 disappears in the transmitted light.
The structure imprint 15 and thus the reflection pattern can in particular be structured in the same manner as the concealing means U, provided that said concealing means U is structured.
The structure imprint 15 is in particular transparent. However, it can also be embodied so as to have color characteristics such as whitish, tinted or opaque, thus leading to a color contrast to the concealing means U, which is present behind the film layer 3. Due to its color contrast, the structure imprint can structure a structured concealing means U more strongly and can thus improve the read protection. A uniform, dark and unstructured concealing means U can also appear to be structured due to a bright and opaque structure imprint.
The gloss contrast and the color contrast can be present individually or in combination. They could also be realized by means of different layers. A glossy, transparent structure imprint, e.g., could be arranged above a further opaque structure imprint, wherein they are not area-wide, but can overlap.
The embodiment of FIG. 1 b differs from the embodiment in FIG. 1 a in that a transparent layer 18, which is applied across the entire area, is located between the structure imprint 15 and the film layer 3, wherein said transparent layer 18 is embodied so as to be glossy or matt-finished and so as to generate the mentioned reflection pattern together with the structure imprint 15. The layer 18, which is applied across the entire surface, can serve as an imprintable layer on a film layer 3, which itself is not imprintable, such as, e.g., a polyester film.
The embodiment of FIG. 1 c differs from the embodiment in FIG. 1 b in that a second structure imprint 15 a is applied between the film layer 3 and the layer 18, which is applied across the entire area. The first structure imprint 15 thereby generates a gloss contrast and the second structure imprint 15 a generates a color contrast.
The embodiment of FIG. 1 d differs from the embodiment in FIG. 1 b in that a transparent separating layer 19 is located between the layer 18, which is applied across the entire area, and the film layer 3. When an unauthorized third party attempts to lift the toner used for the confidential information 1, e.g., by means of an adhesive strip and to read the confidential information on the adhesive strip, the entire layer 18, which is applied across the entire area, separates from the transparent separating layer 19 and the confidential information 1 is completely transferred onto the adhesive strip. The subsequent absence of the confidential information 1 on the printing carrier becomes immediately apparent to the person, for whom the confidential information was actually intended.
Practically the same effect is attained when the separating layer 19 separates from the film layer 3 instead of from the layer 18. On the other hand, the layer 18 could also encompass an affinity, which is directly lower as compared with the film layer 3 so that a separate separating layer 19 is not even necessary.
The embodiment of FIG. 1 e differs from the embodiment in FIG. 1 a in that the transparent film layer 3 consists of two layers 3 a, 3 b, which are glued together by means of a laminating adhesive 13. The structure imprint 15 a is located between the two layers 3 a, 3 b. Additionally, the layer 3 a of the film layer at the front can encompass the layer 18, which is applied across the entire area.
In all of the embodiments, the structure imprint 15 can encompass a different affinity than the areas, which are not covered by it, as compared with toner or ink. For example, the structure imprint 15 can encompass certain separating layer characteristics so that toner or ink encompasses only a small adhesion thereon. In this case, the film layer 3 or the layer 18, which is applied across the entire area, should encompass a comparatively good adhesion as compared with the toner or the ink. In an attempt to lift the toner used for the confidential information 1, e.g., by means of an adhesive strip, virtually only the parts of the toner located on the structure imprint loosen so that the presumed reproduction of the confidential information 1 on the adhesive strip encompasses considerable imperfections and the confidential information cannot be read.
In this case, the structure imprint 15 can also comprise lettering such as, e.g., VOID, as random print so that a positive reproduction of the lettering is generated on the adhesive strip. Vice versa, the unauthorized reading of the confidential information 1 can be identified on the printing carrier as a negative reproduction of the lettering, e.g., VOID.
A similar effect can be attained by using a film layer 3, such as, e.g., a polyester film, on which toner or ink adheres only comparatively faintly in combination with a structured matt-finished layer as structure imprint 15, on which toner or ink adheres to a comparatively better degree.
The effect of the partial transferring of the confidential information 1 onto an adhesive strip can also be attained in that the structure imprint 15 encompasses a lower affinity than the toner or the ink on said structure imprint and on the areas, which are not covered by it as compared to an adjoining layer, such as, e.g., as compared with the film layer 3 or as compared with the layer 18. A corresponding separation could also be provided with reference to the structure imprint 15 a as compared with the layers 3 or 18 and could lead to the same effect.
In all of the embodiments, a reagent color, which discolors irreversibly under the impact of heat and/or solvent, can be used for the structure imprint 15, 15 a or also for another layer such as the layers 18 or 19. The structure imprint 15, 15 a or another layer can also include an absorber for infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation, which protects against attacks in the special light. The embodiment of FIG. 1 c is advantageous in response to the use of a heat-sensitive reagent color as second structure imprint 15 a, because it is arranged so as to be protected under the layer 18, which is applied across the entire area, and does not already discolor in response to the temperatures occurring in laser printers. This applies to the layer 15 in FIG. 1 e, which is arranged so as to be protected under the film layer 3 a. To reveal confidential information, which is imprinted on the printing carrier according to the afore-described embodiments, the effect of the concealing means U must be cancelled. For this purpose, the film layer 3 can be embodied so as to be capable of being separated from the concealing means U. Furthermore, as is shown in FIG. 2 a, the back of the concealing means U can be provided with an adhesive layer 4 and can be glued onto a paper surface of a standard form 5 by means of this adhesive layer 4 according to the type of a label in a particularly permanently adhering manner. In this arrangement, the film layer 3 can be detached from the concealing means U, wherein the concealing means U remains on the adhesive layer 4 and the confidential information becomes readable on the film layer 3.
Provision can be made between film layer 3 and the concealing means U for a transparent separating layer to allow the film layer 3 to be separated from the concealing means U. However, a non-transparent separating color layer 6, as it is also shown in FIG. 2 a, can also be used for the concealing means U.
Preferably, this separating color layer 6 further comprises the characteristic that it can no longer connected to the transparent film layer 3 after it has been separated therefrom. A separation of the film layer 3 for the unauthorized reading of the confidential information 1 can thus not simply be reversed and remains capable of being identified.
In FIG. 2 a, the concealing means U is embodied so as to be unstructured, uniformly dark across the entire area. Nevertheless, the interaction with the structure imprint 15 a in this case leads to a sufficient concealing effect for the confidential information. However, the concealing means U itself can also be embodied to be structured. Different alternatives for the structuring and improvement of the concealing means U are illustrated in FIGS. 2 b-2 d. In the alternative of FIG. 2 b, a second separating color layer 6 b for the concealing means is combined with the first dark separating color layer 6 a, which is applied across the entire area. The second separating color layer 6 b is a structured bright separating color and is located above the dark separating color layer 6 a, when viewed from the front side, which is applied across the entire area. The structured bright separating color layer 6 b is applied, e.g. with an area coverage of 20-50% with reference to the dark separating color layer 6 a. The structured separating color layer 6 b has the same adhesive characteristics as the separating color layer 6 a, which is applied across the entire area. When separating the film layer 3, the structured separating color layer 6 b also separates from the film layer 3.
The alternative of FIG. 2 c differs from the alternative of FIG. 2 b in that the characteristics of the two separating color layers 6 a, 6 b in terms of color are embodied in reverse. The structured separating color layer 6 b is dark herein and the separating color layer 6 a, which is applied across the entire area, is bright or even transparent, wherein the dark separating color layer 6 b is applied, e.g. with an area coverage of 50-80%.
In the alternative illustrated in FIG. 2 d, the concealing means 6 consists of two separating color layers 6 c, 6 d, which are colored differently, which are each structured and which complement one another to 100% with reference to their area coverage. The darker one of the two covering colors is preferably applied with an area coverage of 50-80%.
In the subsequent figures, the concealing means U is illustrated to be partly structured and partly unstructured. However, it is to be understood in such a manner that one of the other afore-described alternatives can in each case also be used.
The embodiment of FIG. 3 a-3 c show a printing carrier as part of a standard form 5, wherein, contrary to the embodiment of FIG. 2 a, the concealing means U is applied in the form of a separating color layer 6 on the back side of the transparent film layer 3 so as to cover only a part of the area. On the other hand, the back side of the film layer 3 is provided with an adhesive layer 4, which projects beyond the concealing means, across the entire area, as illustrated, or at least towards one side. The film layer 3 is glued onto a paper layer of the standard form 5 by means of said adhesive layer. The permanent adhesion cannot be dissolved in a non-destructive manner so that the paper layer of the standard form 5 frays out when the film layer 3 is lifted, as it is shown in FIG. 3 c. The fiber tear represents an efficient safety feature, by means of which the attempt of an unauthorized third party to read the confidential information 1 by separating the film layer 3 can be identified subsequently.
To prevent the expansion of the fiber tear 12 in response to the separation of the film layer 3 into the area of the separating color layer 6, at least one perforation 9 is applied as tear stop means along an edge zone of the separating color layer 6 in tear direction in front thereof. The fiber tear 12 is thus stopped and the separating color layer 6 can separate from the film layer 3. Preferably, the perforation 9 has a depth of approximately half of the thickness of the paper layer of the standard form 5, but can also be deeper or less deep. The perforation 9 does not completely extend through the paper layer and nothing can thus be pushed between the separating color layer 6 and the film layer 3 so as to thus make the confidential information readable.
To facilitate the separation of the transparent film layer 3, a flap 8 can be partially cut out in the standard form paper 5, wherein a part of the flap 8 is located below the film layer 3, but not below the separating color layer 6 and a part of the flap 8 projects beyond the film layer 3. Bars 11 hold the flap 8 in the plane of the standard form paper 5. This can be seen in FIG. 3 b. By breaking through the bars 11, the flap 8 can be bent upwards out of the standard form plane, it can be picked up with two fingers and can be used as handle for separating the film layer 3.
A perforation or the perforation 9, respectively, should be present in this case at least along the separating color layer 6 on the same side as the flap 8. When the separating color layer 6 forms an approximately rectangular surface, as viewed from the front as is illustrated in FIG. 3 b, provision can additionally be made along the longitudinal sides of the rectangular surface for perforations, which prevent the expansion of the fiber tear 12 from the sides into the area of the separating color layer 6. As can be seen in FIG. 3 b, a further perforation 10 is applied from the front side of the standard form paper 5 at least partially along the film layer 3, but not below said film layer 3, so as to also prevent an expansion of the fiber tear 12 into the area outside of the film layer 3. All of the perforations 9, 10 and the cut for the flap 8 can be applied in the front side of the standard form paper 5 in one operating step using web finishing.
To embody a tear stop means, the adhesive force between the transparent film layer and the paper layer of the standard form can also be reduced or cancelled. The tear stop means, e.g., can be formed by means of an adhesive-free zone, a separating paper layer or by means of a different separating layer. If applicable, it is not necessary to perforate the standard form paper. The tear stop means is located in the label and can be glued directly onto a standard form by means of said label. This can considerably facilitate the production of manipulation-indicative standard forms comprising a label.
When using an adhesion-free zone or a silicon paper strip as separating aid, it may be necessary to apply a marking means to facilitate the creation of the desired fiber tear. Such a marking means is, e.g., a perforation in the standard form paper in tearing direction directly behind the separating aid and in front of the tear stop means. The marking means can also be combined with a flap.
The embodiment of FIG. 4 a-4 c differs from the embodiment in FIG. 3 a-3 c in that the film layer does not encompass a concealing means only at two edge regions located opposite one another and that it is permanently glued onto the paper layer 5 of the standard form at that location. Due to this embodiment, the length of the label is not established and, depending on the length of the confidential information 1 which is to be imprinted, the label can be trimmed variably by means of an endless sheet.
The embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5 a-5 c differs from the embodiment of FIG. 3-3 c in that the transparent film layer 3 consists of two layers 3 a, 3 b, wherein the upper layer 3 a can be imprinted on the front side and the lower layer 3 b, which is smaller by area and the back side of which is provided with the separating color layer 6 as the concealing means U, is glued to the upper layer 3 a by means of an adhesive layer 13. The same configuration is attained when the adhesive layer 4 is used for gluing to the two film layers 3 a, 3 b to one another and when the adhesive layer 13 is used for connecting the separating color layer 6 to the paper layer of the standard form 5. In this case, it is also possible to only glue the lower layer 3 b comprising the separating color layer 6 and the adhesive layer 13 on the back onto a standard form paper in a first step and to then glue the upper layer 3 a on top thereof by means of the adhesive layer 4 only in a second step. In response to a uniform embodiment of the two layers with reference to the area thereof, it is possible to cut them out from a larger piece of material in each case only directly prior to the adhesion, thus attaining a high degree of flexibility with reference to the size of the concealing means U and the entire label in length and width.
In the embodiment of FIG. 6 a-6 c, a structured transparent separating varnish 6 e is applied to the back of the film layer 3 around the area of the concealing means, which is formed herein by means of the separating colors 6 a, 6 b. The separating varnish 6 e has approximately the same adhesive characteristics as the separating colors 6 a, 6 b as compared with the film layer 3. The structured transparent separating varnish 6 e is applied in such a manner that the locations at which no separating varnish 6 e is present form lettering, e.g., VOID. The back of the film layer 3 comprising the separating colors 6 a, 6 b and the separating varnish 6 e is provided with an adhesive layer, wherein the adhesive layer consists of a layer 4 a on the side of the film and a layer 4 b on the side of the standard form. The layer 4 a of the adhesive layer on the side of the film is colored bluish, e.g.
When the film layer 3 is lifted, it also separates from the colored layer 4 a of the adhesive layer on the film side at those locations, where the separating varnish 6 e is located, except for in the area of the concealing means. At the locations without separating varnish 6 e, the colored layer 4 a of the adhesive layer on the side of the film continues to adhere to the film layer 3, whereby the VOID lettering becomes visible on the separated film.
Substantially the same result is attained when the separation between the separating varnish 6 e and the adhesive layer 4 a were to take place in response to the separation of the film layer 3. The VOID lettering encompasses a maximum area coverage of approximately 20% and the separating varnish correspondingly encompasses an area coverage of more than 80%. Due to the fact that the locations where no separating varnish 6 e is present are thus relatively small, the layer 4 b of the adhesive layer on the side of the standard form separates from the standard form paper 5 at that location, without generating a fiber tear 12. However, as can be seen in FIG. 6 c at the right-hand edge of the film layer 3, the standard form paper 5 is frayed out when the film layer 3 is lifted in the area where no separating varnish 6 e and separating color layer 6 a, 6 b is not present in larger connected areas.
To facilitate the lifting of the film layer 3, an adhesive-free zone 30 is present in FIG. 6 a-6 c along an edge zone of the film layer. A similar separation aid is generated when, prior to the labeling of the illustrated configuration as adhesive label onto the paper carrier 5 of the standard form on a silicon carrier, the silicon paper carrier is cut by several millimeters on the inside from the edge of the label and is peeled off in response to the labeling in such a manner that a narrow edge strip remains on the label and the film layer cannot adhere to the standard form paper in the area of this edge strip. These embodiments of separating aids could basically also be used in all other embodiments and could in particular be provided instead of the flap 8, which is illustrated in FIGS. 3-5.
The area of the film layer 3, which is located between the adhesion-free zone 30 and the concealing means, is also provided in FIG. 6 a-6 c with the structured transparent separating varnish 6 e in the form of lettering such as VOID. Due to the fact that, as specified above, the paper material does not fray in the areas where this lettering is present in response to the separation of the film layer 3, tear stop means, e.g. a perforation, are not necessary here in tear direction in front of the concealing means.
In the embodiment of FIG. 6 a-6 c, it is also possible to use a structured transparent separating color layer 6 b in combination with a dark separating color layer 6 a, which is applied across the entire area, in the area of the concealing means. In this case, it is possible for the transparent separating color layer 6 b and the transparent separating varnish 6 e to consist of the same material, which could simultaneously also be applied to the film layer 3.
The VOID lettering could also be formed by the separating varnish 6 e itself, that is, by the locations where separating varnish 6 e is present. In this case, the area coverage by means of the separating varnish 6 e should, at most, be 20%. The small area coverage of the separating varnish 6 e is thereby not sufficient to separate the layer 4 a of the adhesive layer on the side of the film from the film layer 3 in response to a conventional lifting of the film layer 3. This thus leads to a fiber tear in the standard form as in the example of FIG. 3. As in this example, at least one stop perforation is also required to limit the fiber tear. Authorized lifting of the film layer 3 thus does not make it possible to identify the VOID lettering. However, as soon as an attempt is made, e.g., to penetrate between the film layer 3 and the concealing means by means of a thin knife, the VOID lettering becomes visible.
As is the case with the layer 4 c in FIG. 8, the two-layer adhesive layer 4 a, 4 b could also be embodied in one layer, wherein this one layer is then colored.
FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of a printing carrier as part of a standard form 5, where a structured transparent adhesive varnish 4 d is applied to the back of the film layer 3 in the edge region of a separating color layer 6, which is also used for the concealing means U in such a manner that the locations where said adhesive varnish is present, form a lettering, e.g. VOID. When the film layer 3 is separated, it separates from the separating color layer 6, except for at the locations where the adhesive varnish 4 d is located. Said adhesive varnish goes with the film and in turn takes along the separating color layer 6 located under said adhesive varnish so that the lettering VOID can be identified on the separated film.
In the example of FIG. 7, the film layer could also be coated with the separating color layer 6 across the entire area.
FIGS. 8 a and 8 b show a printing carrier as part of a standard form, where the film layer 3 carries on its back the concealing means, which is formed by means of the separating color layers 6 a/6 b and is furthermore coated with a first transparent separating varnish 6 e across the entire area. A carrier layer 7 made of paper or film carries a second structured separating varnish 6 g on its front side in the edge region around the concealing means and therabove across the entire area, except for a separating zone 30, an adhesive layer 4 c, which is colored bluish, e.g. and which is in contact with the first separating varnish layer 6 e. The locations where the second separating varnish 6 g is present form lettering, e.g. VOID. The separating varnish 6 g separates as compared with the carrier layer 7, namely slighter than the adhesive layer 4 c as compared with the first separating varnish layer 6 e. The carrier layer 7 is glued onto the front of a paper layer of the standard form 5 by means of a second adhesive layer 4 b. When the film layer 3 is lifted at the adhesion-free zone 30, e.g., the separation runs the area of the concealing means between the separating color layers 6 a/6 b and the film layer 3, as is illustrated in FIG. 8 b. Outside of the area of the concealing means, the separation runs at the location where no second separating varnish 6 g is present, between the first separating varnish 6 e and the adhesive layer 4 c. At the location where the second separating varnish 6 g is present outside of the concealing means, the separation runs between said second separating varnish and the carrier layer 7. The second separating varnish 6 e and the colored adhesive layer 4 c located thereabove go along with the film and form the mentioned lettering on said adhesive layer 4 c. The separating varnish 6 g could also separate as compared with the adhesive layer 4 c. As in the example of FIG. 6, the adhesive layer 4 c could also be made up of two layers, wherein only one of the layers is colored. In this case, the separation could take place in a quasi cohesive manner, also between the two layers. Preferably, the surfaces of the adhesive layer 4 c, which are exposed in response to a separation, are dry, that is, they are not adhesive.
The first separating varnish 6 e, which is substantially holohedral and the second structured separating varnish 6 g could also be interchanged with one another with reference to their position, wherein the second structured separating varnish 6 g would be applied to the back side of the film layer 3 and would result in a structure similar as in FIG. 6 a-6 c. The structure of the structured separating varnish 6 g with reference to the formation of the lettering, e.g. VOID, could thereby also be inverted.
In the embodiment of FIGS. 8 a and 8 b, perforations are not necessary in the standard form 5 due to the foundation of the label from the layers 7 and 4 b. FIG. 9 a-9 c show a printing carrier as part of a standard form 5, where all of the layers of the printing carrier (of the label) are embodied to have the same size and to be uniform across the entire surface. The printing carrier can thus be trimmed and/or cut out from a larger piece, in particular an endless sheet, at will and is thus completely format-variable. A carrier layer 7 from paper or film carries on the front side the concealing means U in the form of a coating across the entire area and differs therefrom in color. The transparent film layer 3 is glued to the front side of the concealing means U by means of a first transparent adhesive layer 4 a, namely in that the film layer 3 can again be separated from the adhesive layer 4 a. Provided that the adhesive layer 4 a itself does not allow for this separability, provision can additionally be made for this purpose for a transparent separating layer 19, which separates as compared with the film layer 3 or the adhesive layer 4 a. The adhesive layer 4 a furthermore has a certain inner cohesion as well as certain elastic characteristics, which will be discussed below. The carrier layer 7 is glued onto the front side of a paper layer of the standard form 5 by means of a second adhesive layer 4 b. Confidential information 1 cannot be determined before the transparent film layer 3 and the concealing means U are separated from one another at the adhesive layer 4 a and at the separating layer 19, respectively.
A structured separating varnish 6 e with an area coverage of 20% to 50% by means of which lettering, e.g. VOID is formed, is present between the concealing means U and the carrier layer 7. The adhesive force between the concealing means U and the first adhesive layer 4 a on the one hand as well as between the concealing means U and the carrier layer 7 on the other hand is in each case greater than the adhesive force of the first adhesive layer 4 a as compared with the transparent film layer 3. This adhesive force in turn is greater than the adhesive force of the structured separating varnish 6 e as compared with the carrier layer 7 or the material of the concealing means U. The cohesion of the first adhesive layer 4 a is greater than its adhesive force as compared with the transparent film layer 3.
To facilitate the separation of the transparent film layer 3, a flap 8 is again provided. The cut in the area of the flap 8, which is located below the film layer 3, reaches through the carrier layer 7 herein so that the film layer 3 can be separated from the carrier layer 7 adhering to the standard form 5 and thus from the concealing means U when the flap 8 is lifted. When the film layer 3 can be separated relatively easily from its foundation in response to a suitable adjustment of the afore-mentioned adhesive forces, it is also possible to do without the flap 8 or a different separating aid in this exemplary embodiment.
When the film layer 3 is lifted consecutively from left to right, the separating varnish 6 e initially separates from the carrier layer 7. However, due to the mentioned elastic characteristics of the first adhesive layer 4 a and the cohesion thereof, the separated separating varnish pieces 6 e and the areas of the concealing means U, which cover said separating varnish pieces 6 e, are not completely removed from the carrier layer 7, but are lifted only briefly and are then shifted slightly to the side, as is illustrated in FIG. 9 c, due to the lateral draw at the film layer 3. The first adhesive layer 4 a then completely separates from the film layer 3 and from the separating layer 19, respectively. Due to the lateral shift of the separating varnish pieces 6 e and of the areas of the concealing means covering them, the lettering, e.g. VOID, can be identified by means of the difference in color between the concealing means U and the carrier layer 7 located therebelow. The shift of the separating varnish pieces 6 e cannot be reversed. The shift remains and the lettering becomes visible in particular when the film layer 3 is glued back onto the standard form. The effect is thus a very effective means for making it possible to identify an unauthorized reading.
The somewhat same effect is attained when a structured adhesive varnish is used instead of a structured separating varnish 6 e and when the concealing means U is embodied as a separating color, e.g., and separates as compared with the carrier layer 7. It would be sensible in this case to additionally invert the structure of the structured adhesive varnish with reference to the lettering.
Where provided, the lettering can appear either positively or negatively on the separated film layer in all of the embodiments, wherein positive means that the characters forming the lettering are displayed so as to be dark in a bright environment. Accordingly, negative means vice versa that the characters forming the lettering are displayed so as to be bright in a dark environment.
The described embodiments on the back side of the film layer according to FIGS. 2-9 are described independent on the design of the front side of the film layer, as is described by means of FIG. 1, for example, and could in this respect also form an independent inventive concept when refraining from the described advantageous, but possibly dispensable combinatory effect of the structure imprint on the front side in interaction with the concealing means U at the back side.
In all embodiments a contrast reference field K can be present additionally and as illustrated for example in FIG. 10 a. Said contrast reference field K directly adjoins the film layer 3 and/or the concealing means U and corresponds according to type and mainly contrast to the concealing means U, which is visible through the film layer 3, in fact as long as the film layer 3 is still originally connected to the concealing means U. This is so, because this typically leads to a contrast reduction with reference to the appearance of the concealing means U, as is shown in FIG. 10 b in response to the separation of the film layer 3 from the concealing means U, wherein the film layer 3 in FIG. 10 b was separated in the left part of the concealing means U. The effect can no longer be reversed by a simple reconnection of the two layers and is all the more pronounced, the higher the degree of the matt-finish on the surface of the printing carrier and the lower the degree of gloss thereof, respectively. On the one hand, the contrast reference field K amplifies the capability to identify this effect and allows for the contrast reduction to also be capable of being identified when it was uniformly effected on the entire area of the film layer 3 and and/or of the concealing means U.
The contrast reference field K can be applied onto the paper carrier 5 of a standard form, e.g., by means of a printing technique and could also extend into the area of the concealing means U or could actually be applied holohedrally.
The contrast reference field can also be considered to be an independent inventive concept.
The confidential information 1 or 16 and 17, respectively, was only mentioned, illustrated and described in the afore-described example for a better understanding of the invention. However, it does not form a part of the invention, which is directed to a printing carrier as such. As a rule, the confidential information is also added only in a last separate processing step—e.g., by a bank in the case of a PIN code of a credit card—whereas the printing carrier as such according to the invention is produced by a manufacturer, who specializes in this.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS5772248 *Dec 7, 1995Jun 30, 1998Verify First Technologies, Inc.Document with tamper and counterfeit resistant relief markingsUS6336666 *Apr 20, 1998Jan 8, 2002Trantoul FrancoisMethod for making a film with pattern preventing reproduction by optical scanning for the protection of documentsUS6523859 *Sep 14, 2001Feb 25, 2003Documotion Research, Inc.Tamper-evident formEP1293359A2Jun 7, 1999Mar 19, 2003Michel Lata S.A.Confidential document for laser or ink-jet printingWO1999024267A1Sep 18, 1998May 20, 1999Documotion Research, Inc.Tamper-evident form for securely carrying informationWO2000054984A1Mar 14, 2000Sep 21, 2000Documotion Research, Inc.Improved tamper-evident form* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification428/40.1, 428/915, 283/72, 428/42.1, 283/100, 283/114, 428/354, 428/343, 428/916, 428/41.6, 283/101International ClassificationB32B33/00, B32B7/12, B32B9/00, B42D15/00Cooperative ClassificationY10T428/14, Y10T428/28, Y10T428/1486, Y10T428/2848, Y10T428/1467, Y10T428/24802, B42D25/29, Y10S428/916, Y10S428/915, B42D15/025European ClassificationB42D15/02D, B42D15/00CLegal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionDec 9, 2015FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services

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text:
Prison journal, 1940-1945 (Livro, 1995) [WorldCat.org]
Título: Prison journal, 1940-1945
Autor: Edouard Daladier; Jean Daladier; Jean Daridan
Editora: Boulder : Westview Press, 1995.
Livro : Biografia : Inglês : English edVer todas as edições e formatos
Adicionar etiquetas para "Prison journal, 1940-1945".
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As a pastime and a catharsis, Daladier wrote. He wrote about what had happened to him and to his country, about day-to-day conditions in captivity, and about what he could glean of the anti-Nazi war effort through newspaper accounts, from the visits of his friends and family, and from his well-hidden radio receiver. He wrote of the accusations made against him by his former proteges and comrades-in-arms; and of his trial, during which the charges oddly metamorphosed from having declared war on Germany to not having sufficiently prepared France for battle (the charges were of little importance, as the verdict had been previously decided)."@enschema:description"Ever the statesman, Daladier wrote most of all about his hopes and fears for France and Europe - which hung so heavily, at first, upon the battlefield successes of the British, American, and Allied forces; and later, upon the Allies' refusal to recognize in Soviet power the danger of the very totalitarianism that they had been fighting to eliminate. At the war's end, witnessing the devastation of Germany, Daladier wrote with a poignant sympathy that is unexpectedly moving. Daladier's notes remained forgotten and unpublished until twenty years after his death, when they were discovered and compiled by his son Jean. 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text:
The complete works of Edgar Allan Poe (Book, 1908) [WorldCat.org]
http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2145148
Title: The complete works of Edgar Allan Poe
Author: Edgar Allan Poe; Nathan Haskell Dole
Publisher: London : Chesterfield Society, ©1908.
OCLC:2145148
London : Chesterfield Society, ©1908.
Print book : Biography : English : Ed. de luxe
Includes 36 leaves of plates."Limited to one thousand numbered sets printed for subscribers only. This set number 297."Includes index.
with biography and introd. by Nathan Haskell Dole.
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schema:datePublished "1908" ; schema:editor <http://viaf.org/viaf/39468916> ; # Nathan Haskell Dole
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The complete works of Edgar Allan Poe/Edgar Allan Poe; Nathan Haskell Dole; London : Chesterfield Society, ©1908.


text:
Mother Angelica's Private and Pithy Lessons from the Scriptures by Raymond Arroyo | 9780385519861 | Hardcover | Barnes & Noble
The Word is made fresh by the irrepressible Mother Angelica as she personally escorts you through the Scriptures, unearthing lessons for daily livingthe perfect companion to the New York Times bestselling Mother Angelica's Little Book of Life Lessons and Everyday Spirituality. The founder of the world's largest religious media empire shares…