text:
Patent US6685895 - Method and apparatus for processing device with reduced occlusion - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsA method and an apparatus are disclosed to reduced or eliminate the occlusion of the device in the container during the cleaning or sterilizing process, preferably with the use of a support and a controllable opening or interface. By changing the configuration of the support, the contact pattern between...http://www.google.com/patents/US6685895?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6685895 - Method and apparatus for processing device with reduced occlusionAdvanced Patent SearchTry the new Google Patents, with machine-classified Google Scholar results, and Japanese and South Korean patents.Publication numberUS6685895 B1Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 09/650,149Publication dateFeb 3, 2004Filing dateAug 29, 2000Priority dateDec 17, 1997Fee statusPaidPublication number09650149, 650149, US 6685895 B1, US 6685895B1, US-B1-6685895, US6685895 B1, US6685895B1InventorsSzu-Min LinOriginal AssigneeEthicon, Inc.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (93), Non-Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (21), Classifications (15), Legal Events (4) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetMethod and apparatus for processing device with reduced occlusion
A method, according to the present invention, supports a device during a cycle. The cycle comprises bathing the device in a fluid for the purpose of cleaning, disinfecting or sterilizing. During a first portion of the cycle the device is supported upon a support member within the fluid, the support member having at least a first contact point and a second contact point which are in contact with the device to support the device. During a second portion of the cycle at least a portion of the support member is moved so that at least one of the first and second contact points are out of contact with the device, thereby reducing occlusive contact between the support member and the device during the cycle. The term “first portion” is not meant to be limited in time sequence to a portion occurring in time prior to the “second portion” but merely to distinguish two separate portions of the cycle. Thus, the first portion may occur after the second portion.
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AgMethod of and apparatus for testing and cleaning of endoscopesUS5505218Oct 14, 1994Apr 9, 1996Kaltenbach & Voigt Gmbh & Co.Device for cleaning and/or disinfecting and/or maintaining medical or dental instrumentsUS5527508Nov 12, 1992Jun 18, 1996American Sterilizer CompanyMethod of enhanced penetration of low vapor pressure chemical vapor sterilants during sterilizationUS5534221Jul 29, 1994Jul 9, 1996American Sterilizer CompanyDevice and system for sterilizing objectsUS5540901Jan 4, 1995Jul 30, 1996Riley Medical, Inc.Sterilization tray system for surgical instrumentsUS5547456Jan 24, 1995Aug 20, 1996Karl Storz Gmbh & Co.Vent system for endoscopesUS5552115Jan 28, 1994Sep 3, 1996Steris CorporationMicrobial decontamination system with components porous to anti-microbial fluidsUS5556607Sep 19, 1995Sep 17, 1996American Sterilizer CompanySterilization apparatus and method for multicomponent sterilantUS5580530May 8, 1995Dec 3, 1996Johnson & Johnson Medical, Inc.Device for vapor sterilization of articles having lumensUS5609821Jul 22, 1994Mar 11, 1997Chemoxal S.A.Process for the treatment of an article and a new aqueous hydrogen peroxide solutionUS5628971Jan 17, 1995May 13, 1997Norman; Geraldine U.Apparatus for storing and sterilizing objectsUS5686045Apr 19, 1995Nov 11, 1997Carter; Stephen D.Method for the heat independent sterilization of microbially contaminated instrumentsUS5753195Jan 2, 1996May 19, 1998Kew Import/Export Inc.Cleaning and sterilizing mechanismUS5851485Jul 9, 1997Dec 22, 1998Johnson & Johnson Medical, Inc.Process for sterilization with liquid sterilant using controlled pumpdown rateUS5871692Jan 14, 1997Feb 16, 1999Steris CorporationMethod and apparatus for cleaning, decontaminating, and sterilizing cathetersUS5876507Jun 30, 1997Mar 2, 1999International Business Machines CorporationFluid treatment device and methodUS6013227Dec 17, 1997Jan 11, 2000Johnson & Johnson Medical, Inc.Lumen device reprocessor without occlusionUS6015529Dec 17, 1997Jan 18, 2000Johnson & Johnson Medical, Inc.Tray/container system for cleaning/sterilization processesUS6066294Aug 21, 1997May 23, 2000Ethicon, Inc.Multi-compartment sterilization systemUS6083458Dec 17, 1997Jul 4, 2000Ethicon, Inc.Apparatus and method for providing fluid to devices with reduced or without occlusionUS6083485Oct 10, 1995Jul 4, 2000Institut Fur Diagnostikforschung GmbhNear infrared radiation in-vivo diagnostic methods and dyesUS6162395Aug 17, 1998Dec 19, 2000Enviromedical Systems, Inc.Sterilization of elongate lumensUS6187266Dec 17, 1997Feb 13, 2001Johnson & Johnson Medical, Inc.Integrated cleaning/sterilization process with lumen devicesUS6203756Dec 17, 1997Mar 20, 2001Johnson & Johnson Medical, Inc.Integrated cleaning sterilization processUS6224828Sep 30, 1999May 1, 2001Ethicon, Inc.Method for sterilization in a multi-compartment systemUS6423266Dec 30, 1998Jul 23, 2002Ethicon, Inc.Special container for cleaning or sterilizing lumen devicesUS6528015Jun 1, 1999Mar 4, 2003Ethicon, Inc.Method for sterilizing a device in a multi-compartment sterilization systemDE3416743A1May 7, 1984Jul 25, 1985Wolfgang GriesatDisinfector for medical apparatus having channels to be disinfected, especially endoscopesDE19858344A1Dec 17, 1998Jun 24, 1999Ethicon IncProcess to clean, sterilize and dry medical instruments without the need to rinse the sterilized instrumentDE19858347A1Dec 17, 1998Jun 24, 1999Ethicon IncProcess for cleaning and sterilizing medical instruments with long narrow lumenEP0302419A2Jul 29, 1988Feb 8, 1989JOHNSON & JOHNSON MEDICAL, INC.Method and device for vapor sterilization of articles having lumensEP0766969A1Feb 6, 1996Apr 9, 1997Plasticos De Galicia, S.A.Pacifier boiling device for microwave ovenEP0898971A2Aug 21, 1998Mar 3, 1999Ethicon Inc.Multi-compartment sterilization systemEP0923951A2Dec 17, 1998Jun 23, 1999Ethicon, Inc.Container for cleaning or sterilizing lumen devicesGB2094149A Title not availableGB2248188A Title not availableWO1997024147A1Dec 31, 1996Jul 10, 1997Kew Import/Export Inc.Medical cleaning and sterilizing apparatusNon-Patent CitationsReference1European Search Report EP 01307337 dated Jun. 20, 2002 corresponding to USSN 09/650,839, which is related to the present application.2European Search Report EP 01308348 dated Apr. 16, 2003 corresponding to USSN 09/675,951 which is related to the present application.Referenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS7727464 *Feb 26, 2004Jun 1, 2010Ptm Packaging Tools Machinery Pte. Ltd.Process for operating a packaging transport systemUS7744832Feb 5, 2007Jun 29, 2010American Sterilizer CompanyInstrument container having multiple chambers with flow pathways therebetweenUS7780909Mar 13, 2008Aug 24, 2010Zimek Technologies Ip, LlcUltrasonic sanitation and disinfecting methodsUS7959859Jan 18, 2007Jun 14, 2011Sparks David WUltrasonic sanitation device and associated methodsUS8062588Mar 22, 2006Nov 22, 2011Zimek Technologies Ip, LlcUltrasonic sanitation device and associated methodsUS8609029Jun 3, 2010Dec 17, 2013Zimek Technologies Ip, LlcUltrasonic sanitation and disinfecting device and associated methodsUS9166139 *Nov 3, 2011Oct 20, 2015The Neothermal Energy CompanyMethod for thermally cycling an object including a polarizable materialUS20040228759 *Feb 26, 2004Nov 18, 2004Robert FrostProcess for operating a packaging transport systemUS20050000553 *Jul 28, 2004Jan 6, 2005Olympus CorporationHigh temperature and pressure steam sterilization container for endoscope, and endoscope cleaning and sterilizing deviceUS20060269442 *May 31, 2005Nov 30, 2006Nguyen Nick NEndoscope reprocessor connectors having reduced occlusionUS20070224079 *Mar 22, 2006Sep 27, 2007Zimek Technologies Ip, LlcUltrasonic Sanitation Device and Associated MethodsUS20070224080 *Jan 18, 2007Sep 27, 2007Zimek Technologies Ip, LlcUltrasonic Sanitation Device and Associated MethodsUS20080187465 *Feb 5, 2007Aug 7, 2008Steris Inc.Instrument container having multiple chambers with flow pathways therebetweenUS20080226495 *Mar 13, 2008Sep 18, 2008Zimek Technologies Ip, LlcUltrasonic Sanitation and Disinfecting Device and Associated MethodsUS20100015321 *Aug 10, 2007Jan 21, 2010The University Of QueenslandScaffold treatment - device and methodUS20110030743 *Jun 3, 2010Feb 10, 2011Zimek Technologies Ip, LlcUltrasonic sanitation and disinfecting device and associated methodsUS20120048508 *Nov 3, 2011Mar 1, 2012The Neothermal Energy CompanyApparatus and method for rapid thermal cycling using two-phase heat transfer to convert heat to electricity and for other usesCN101626790BJan 24, 2008Oct 9, 2013美国消毒公司Instrument container having multiple chambers with flow pathways therebetweenEP2497439A1 *Jan 24, 2008Sep 12, 2012American Sterilizer CompanyInstrument container having multiple chambers with flow pathways therebetweenWO2008097430A2Jan 24, 2008Aug 14, 2008American Sterilizer CompanyInstrument sterilizing container having multiple chambers with flow pathways therebetweenWO2008097430A3 *Jan 24, 2008Nov 6, 2008American Sterilizer CoInstrument sterilizing container having multiple chambers with flow pathways therebetween* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification422/297, 422/1, 422/33, 422/305, 422/300, 422/28International ClassificationB08B3/02, A61L2/22, A61L2/18Cooperative ClassificationA61L2202/24, A61L2/22, A61L2202/17, A61L2/186European ClassificationA61L2/22, A61L2/18PLegal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionDec 15, 2000ASAssignmentOwner name: ETHICON, INC., NEW JERSEYFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:LIN, SZU-MIN;REEL/FRAME:011355/0123Effective date: 20001208Jul 23, 2007FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Jul 6, 2011FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8Jul 22, 2015FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 12RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services

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Orange Wireless Bluetooth Music Receiver Audio Stereo Adapter for iPad iPhone | eBay Please enable JavaScript Our new search experience requires JavaScript to be enabled. Please enable JavaScript on your browser, then try again.
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2014.02.16 framework radio : framework : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive
[archiveorg 2014.02.16FrameworkRadio width=560 height=384 frameborder=0 webkitallowfullscreen=true mozallowfullscreen=true]
2014.02.16 framework radio by framework Usage Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 Topics experimental, field recording, phonography, sound art this edition of framework:afield, the last of a three-part series, has been produced in the united states by ernst karel, in collaboration with the students from the sonic ethnography course he teaches at harvard university. for more information see his website : http://ek.klingt.org or that of the sonic ethnography lab: http://sel.fas.harvard.edu a few words about the project:
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Depto Av Pringles offers pet-friendly accommodation in Olavarría. Free WiFi is available . The kitchen comes with an oven. Towels and bed linen are offered in this self-catering accommodation.
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Hotel Santa Rosa offers a luxurious spa, fitness centre and free Wi-Fi in Olavarría. It is located within the city's commercial centre.
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Situated in Olavarría, Hermoso depto offers accommodation with a terrace. Free WiFi is offered.
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Boasting an outdoor pool and a fitness centre, Savoy Hotel offers modern and comfortable rooms with free WiFi access in Olavarría.
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d-l0 comments on reddit is doubling the size of its programming teamjump to contentmy subredditsannouncementsArtAskRedditaskscienceawwblogbookscreepydataisbeautifulDIYDocumentariesEarthPornexplainlikeimfiveFitnessfoodfunnyFuturologygadgetsgamingGetMotivatedgifshistoryIAmAInternetIsBeautifulJokesLifeProTipslistentothismildlyinterestingmoviesMusicnewsnosleepnottheonionOldSchoolCoolpersonalfinancephilosophyphotoshopbattlespicsscienceShowerthoughtsspacesportstelevisiontifutodayilearnedTwoXChromosomesUpliftingNewsvideosworldnewsWritingPromptsedit subscriptionsfront-all-random | funny-aww-listentothis-gadgets-television-worldnews-Showerthoughts-todayilearned-personalfinance-Art-IAmA-dataisbeautiful-videos-movies-Futurology-Music-history-askscience-TwoXChromosomes-Jokes-books-OldSchoolCool-nosleep-photoshopbattles-gifs-food-gaming-nottheonion-philosophy-space-Fitness-pics-UpliftingNews-AskReddit-EarthPorn-tifu-mildlyinteresting-explainlikeimfive-GetMotivated-LifeProTips-InternetIsBeautiful-DIY-news-science-Documentaries-WritingPrompts-sports-creepymore »reddit.com blogcommentsrelatedother discussions (4)want to join? login or register in seconds|Englishlimit my search to /r/bloguse the following search parameters to narrow your results:subreddit:subredditfind submissions in "subreddit"author:usernamefind submissions by "username"site:example.comfind submissions from "example.com"url:textsearch for "text" in urlselftext:textsearch for "text" in self post contentsself:yes (or self:no)include (or exclude) self postsnsfw:yes (or nsfw:no)include (or exclude) results marked as NSFWe.g. subreddit:aww site:imgur.com dogsee the search faq for details.advanced search: by author, subreddit...this post was submitted on 11 Feb 2011954 points (91% upvoted)shortlink: remember mereset passwordloginSubmissions restrictedsubmission in this subreddit is restricted to approved submitters.blogunsubscribesubscribe6,404,273 readers~61 users here nowItems from redditblog.com that are about the community or otherwise not directly related to functionality changes will be posted here. See also:
created by raldia community for 6 yearsmessage the moderatorsMODERATORShueypriestspladugalienthbsimpsonrramcupcake1713DacvakpowerlanguageDeimorzAutoModerator...and 1 more »953954955reddit is doubling the size of its programming team (self.blog)submitted 3 years ago * by redditjobs[M]971 commentssharecancelsorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onloading...sorted by: bestbesttopnewhotcontroversialoldrandomyou are viewing a single comment's thread.view the rest of the comments →[–]karamorf 87 points88 points89 points 3 years ago (5 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onDo you want to supply test data for the backend example? Seems rather annoying to have to create that and who knows if it gets created right for what you are expecting. Then again lots of sensitive information could be in those logs. Having someone spend a lot of time to correct that probably isn't worthwhile. Seems like variations could crop up to much with this. A log file with only datetime stamps would be faster to parse then one with a datetime followed by 3000 characters before the newline / next timestamp occurs.
permalink[–]raldi[A] 91 points92 points93 points 3 years ago (4 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onThis script will make sample data. Tinker with $avg_step to control the size of the log.
my $start_time =  6 * 3600 + 52 * 60; # 6:52am
my $end_time   = 31 * 3600 + 13 * 60; # 7:13am the next day
my $avg_step   = 3600;
my $t = $start_time;
while($t <= $end_time) {
if ($t < 86400) {
print "Feb  9 ";
print "Feb 10 ";
my $h = $t % 86400 / 3600;
my $m = $t %  3600 /   60;
my $s = $t %    60;
printf "%0.2d:%0.2d:%0.2d ", $h, $m, $s;
print "blah " x (3 + rand(10));
$t += $avg_step * 0.9;
$t += rand($avg_step * 0.2);
permalinkparent[–]mikemcg 9 points10 points11 points 3 years ago* (3 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onI ported it to Python and added an option to print the log, write the log, or do both. I'll take one job, please.
start_time = 6*3600 + 52*60  # 6:52am
end_time   = 31*3600 + 13*60 # 7:13 the next day
avg_step   = 3600
log = ''
while t <= end_time:
date = 'Feb  9 ' if (t < 86400) else 'Feb 10 '
h = t % 86400 / 3600
m = t % 3600 / 60
time_stamp = '%0.2d:%0.2d:%0.2d ' % (h, m, s)
message = 'blah ' * (3+randint(0,10))
log += '%s %s %s\n' % (date, time_stamp, message)
t += avg_step * 0.9
t += randint(0, avg_step * 0.2)
choice = raw_input('[print/write/both]: ').lower()
if choice == 'print' or choice == 'both':
if choice == 'write' or choice == 'both':
f = open('log.txt', 'w')
permalinkparent[–]d-l0 0 points1 point2 points 3 years ago* (2 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted on'both' option doesn't work. 'elif' needs to be changed to 'if'
permalinkparent[–]mikemcg 1 point2 points3 points 3 years ago (1 child)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onFixed the elif problem, thanks. I had changed it at one point because it didn't work, don't know why I swapped it back.
When I read your comment earlier, you said something about log and 70 gigs of data. Did you remove it because Python does something with large variables or something?
permalinkparent[–]d-l0 1 point2 points3 points 3 years ago* (0 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onBasically what I said before was that you couldn't use the script to create a 70 gig log file because the whole log is kept in memory before writing. I removed the comment because I realized there were other reasons it wouldn't scale up to a file that big (can't use a avg_step smaller than 5 because of the randint function) so I decided I would just create script myself that can create a file that big as well as add some things that should hopefully better model a real world log where the amount of traffic changes over time. I'll post it up here hopefully sometime tomorrow if it works. Creating a 70 gig file now. :)
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Brief explanation and a link for more info: Sigma Camera Talk Forum: Digital Photography Review
Brief explanation and a link for more info In reply to 802Walker,
Very briefly to help. The "M" newer models have the same - higher resolution - Foveon sensor as the DSLR SD1M with newely designed lenses to be able to match the high resolution of that sensor.You can read more: http://www.dpreview.com/news/2012/02/08/Sigma_DP1M_DP2M_Merrill_Cameras--Zone8: Although I am a handsome genius, when I stand in front of a mirror, I vaguely recognise the ugly idjit standing on the other side!LINK: For B+W with Epson 1400 (and other models) using black ink only PLUS other useful tips:http://www.photosnowdonia.co.uk/ZPS/epson1400-B&W.htmCleaning DSLR Sensors, including Kodak DSLR Factory Cleaning method:http://www.photosnowdonia.co.uk/ZPS/KodakDCS-sensorcleaning.htmSolving back/front focus problems on Sigma and most other DSLRshttp://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1027&message=35565277PDF format list of lenses you can print or download - covers Italian Flag YES/NO for DCS 14n but applies to others. http://www.photosnowdonia.co.uk/ZPS/ItiFlagLensList.pdf Edited 4 months ago by Zone8

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Patent US7408571 - Digital camera and image data processing system - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsThe present invention provides a digital camera and an image data processing system, which can develop and observe images recorded by both a compressed image recording control function and a raw image recording function on an external image processing device regardless of the presence/absence of a raw...http://www.google.com/patents/US7408571?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7408571 - Digital camera and image data processing systemAdvanced Patent SearchTry the new Google Patents, with machine-classified Google Scholar results, and Japanese and South Korean patents.Publication numberUS7408571 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 10/397,260Publication dateAug 5, 2008Filing dateMar 27, 2003Priority dateMar 28, 2002Fee statusPaidAlso published asUS20030184652Publication number10397260, 397260, US 7408571 B2, US 7408571B2, US-B2-7408571, US7408571 B2, US7408571B2InventorsHiroshi Tanaka, Hitoshi KoikeOriginal AssigneeFujifilm CorporationExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (25), Non-Patent Citations (1), Referenced by (15), Classifications (28), Legal Events (5) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetDigital camera and image data processing system
US 7408571 B2Abstract
The present invention provides a digital camera and an image data processing system, which can develop and observe images recorded by both a compressed image recording control function and a raw image recording function on an external image processing device regardless of the presence/absence of a raw image reproducing function. When an image of CCD-raw data is reproduced on a PC, a self-development execution module is added to an image file to make it possible to perform reproduction such as display of the data on the monitor of the PC without arranging a dedicated viewer for reproducing CCD-raw data on the PC.
1. A digital camera having an image pickup function, which picks up an image using a solid-state image pickup device and performs photoelectric conversion to obtain analog image data, and a digital image data recording function, which converts the analog image data to form digital image data and records the digital image data on a recording medium, the digital camera comprising:
a raw image recording control component for recording the digital image data on the recording medium as unprocessed raw image data; and
a self-development execution module adding component for adding a self-development execution module to the raw image data file on the recording medium that includes an instruction set that instructs an external control device to convert the raw image data into data of a bitmap file format,
wherein the self-development execution module is independent of the external control device, and
wherein said self-development execution module includes executable code that executes said instruction set.
2. The digital camera of claim 1, wherein the self-development execution module adding component further adds an observing condition when the raw image data is observed and then transmits the image.
3. The digital camera of claim 2, wherein the observing condition comprises tone.
4. The digital camera of claim 1, wherein the executable code defines processes for at least one of Pixel Rearrangement, Defect Correction, Offset Correction, Gain Correction, Linear Matrix, Gamma Correction, YC process, LPF process, Resize process, Contour Correction, Color Difference Matrix, YC-RGB Conversion, and Trimming Process.
5. The digital camera of claim 1, wherein the executable code defines processes for Pixel Rearrangement, Defect Correction, Offset Correction, Gain Correction, Linear Matrix, Gamma Correction, YC process, LPF process, Resize process, Contour Correction, Color Difference Matrix, YC-RGB Conversion, and Trimming Process.
6. The digital camera of claim 1, wherein the executable code defines a process for Gamma Correction.
7. An image data processing system comprising:
a digital camera having a normal image data recording mode, which converts image data of an object picked up using a solid-state image pickup device from analog to digital, performs a process such as compression of the digital data, and records the resultant data on a recording medium, and a raw image data recording mode, which records the raw image data obtained by the analog-digital conversion as is on the recording medium and adds a self-development execution module to a raw image data file on the record medium that includes an instruction set that instructs an external process control device to convert the raw image data into data of a bitmap file format when the raw image data is recorded on the recording medium,
wherein said external process control device, has an application programming interface for transferring an observing condition used when the raw image data is observed and transferring raw image data instructed to be developed by the self-development execution module, and which is further capable of communicating with the digital camera, and
8. The image data processing system of claim 7, wherein the observing condition comprises tone.
9. The image data processing system of claim 7, wherein the self-development execution module is independent of the external control device, which develops image data.
10. An external control device, which displays image data picked up with a digital camera, further comprising:
an application programming interface, which transfers an observing condition when raw image data is observed between the digital camera and the external control device and transfers raw image data after it has been instructed to be developed by a self-development execution module between the digital camera and the external control device, wherein
the raw image data includes image data of an object picked up with a solid-state image pickup device of the digital camera and which has only been converted from analog to digital;
the self-development execution module is added to a raw image data file on the recording medium that includes an instruction set that instructs the external control device to convert the raw image data into data of a bitmap file format,
11. The external control device of claim 10, wherein the digital camera further adds reproduction parameters to the raw image data for reproducing the raw image data and the external control device reproduces the raw image data based on the reproduction parameters.
12. The external control device of claim 10, wherein the self-development execution module is independent of the external control device.
13. An image recording method comprising:
converting data, which was picked up with a solid-state image pickup device of a digital camera, from analog to digital;
recording, to a recording medium, raw image data, which does not undergo any other processing; and
recording a self-development execution module to a raw image file on the recording medium that includes an instruction set that instructs an external control convert raw image data into data of a bitmap file format,
14. The image recording method of claim 13,
wherein the self-development execution module is independent of an external control device, which develops image data.
15. An image control method, which controls an image that is recorded by the imago recording method of claim 13, the method comprising:
transferring an observing condition between the digital camera and the external control device when observing raw image data; and
transferring raw image data between the digital camera and the external control device after the raw image data has been developed by the self-development execution module.
The present invention relates to a digital camera and an image data processing system comprising an image pickup function, which picks up an image with a solid-state image pickup device and performs photoelectric transfer to obtain analog image data, and a digital image data recording function which converts the analog image data to form digital image data and records the data on a recording medium.
In conventional digital cameras, when a still image or the like is picked up with a Charged Coupled Device (CCD), after the image data is converted from analog to digital, it is compressed with a predetermined compression format (e.g., JPEG), recorded, and stored in a recording medium such as a memory card.
The compressed and stored image data (hereinafter referred to as “JPEG data”) is decompressed and displayed when reproducing the data onto the liquid-crystal monitor on the digital camera. When an index image or the like is displayed, a thumbnail image is prepared independently of the JPEG compressed image. This thumbnail image is read out to shorten the read-out process time.
Digital cameras can be easily connected to an external control device (e.g., personal computer) so that image data recorded on a recording medium can be transferred thereto, subjected to various processes, and then printed out. Hence, digital cameras have become increasingly popular in recent years.
In particular, images photographed with a digital camera are often applied to business purposes. For professional uses, when a high-quality photographed image is compressed once, depending on the compression rates, the image quality or the like of the compressed image may be lower than that of the originally obtained photographed image data.
Therefore, conventional technology proposes a digital camera having a raw image recording control function, in addition to the compressed image recording control function. That is, a photographed image is recorded as raw image data (hereinafter referred to as CCD-raw data) on a recording medium so that the CCD-raw data is transferable to a personal computer (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open (JP-A) Nos. 6-90435 and 11-261933).
As disclosed in the above conventional technology, unlike normal JPEG data, CCD-raw data is not subjected to necessary processes to reproduce and display the data on the liquid-crystal monitor of the digital camera. For this reason, interpolation automatic exposure (AE), automatic white balance (AWB), gamma adjustment, and the like must be performed when reproducing the CCD-raw data. For this reason, such digital cameras must be equipped with a function that enables execution of a reproduction process of the CCD-raw data.
When a CCD-raw data reproducing process function is arranged in the digital camera in advance, the data can be reproduced and displayed on the liquid-crystal monitor.
However, the CCD-raw data is generated on the assumption that it will be transferred to an external image processing device such as a personal computer and processed therein, and then recorded onto a recording medium. In order to reproduce and display such CCD-raw data, dedicated application software (hereinafter referred to as a “dedicated viewer”) must be installed in the personal computer. However, since CCD-raw data is for professional and not general use, it has poor versatility and further, not all personal computers possess dedicated viewers for the CCD-raw data.
For this reason, the conventional technology is problematic in that when a photographing operation is erroneously performed in a CCD-raw mode, there are cases where the obtained CCD-raw data cannot be reproduced on a personal computer.
The present invention is made in consideration of the above circumstances, and has as its objective to provide a digital camera and an image data processing system that can reliably develop and observe images, recorded by both a compressed image recording control function and a raw image recording control function on an external image processing device, regardless of the presence or absence of a raw image reproducing function.
A first aspect of the invention provides a digital camera having an image pickup function, which performs an image pickup operation using a solid-state image pickup device and performs photoelectric conversion to obtain analog image data, and a digital image data recording function, which converts the analog image data to form digital image data and records the digital image data on a recording medium, comprising: a raw image recording control component for recording the digital image data on the recording medium as unprocessed raw image data; and a self-development execution module adding component for adding a self-development execution module for developing the raw image data to the raw image data or to the recording medium on which the raw image data is recorded.
According to the first aspect of the invention, for example, when the raw image data is transmitted to an external control device (e.g., a personal computer) through the recording medium, the self-development execution module for self-developing a raw image is added to the raw image data or the recording medium by the self-development execution module adding component and then transmitted. For this reason, the raw image data can be developed in the external control device without arranging a dedicated viewer for developing the raw image data.
In the first aspect of the invention, the self-development execution module adding component may further add an observing condition when the raw image data is observed and transmit the image.
The raw image data developed in the external control device can observe an image without changing the raw image data. However, in this case, image processing is preferably performed according to the observing condition. For example, when tone is taken as one of the observing conditions, the difference between tone expressions (for example, the tone of raw image data is 12-bit tone, and tone which can be expressed on the external control device side is 8-bit tone) forms a toneless image that seriously affects image quality.
Therefore, when a self-development execution module is added to raw image data by the self-development execution module adding component, the raw image data is added with observing conditions such as the tone and transmitted, so that an image can be appropriately expressed (reproduced) under an environment on the external control device side.
Further, the digital camera may include a self-development execution module that executes image processing for raw image data. The self-development execution module may be independent of the external control device, which develops image data.
A second aspect of the invention provides an image data processing system comprising: a digital camera having a normal image data recording mode which converts image data of an object photographed using a solid-state image pickup device from analog to digital, performs a process such as compression to the digital data, and records the resultant data on a recording medium, and a raw image data recording mode, which directly records the raw image data obtained by the analog-digital conversion on the recording medium and adds a self-development execution module for developing the raw image data when the raw image data is recorded on the recording medium; and an external process control device, which has an application programming interface for delivering an observing condition used when the raw image data is observed and delivering raw image data developed by the self-development execution module, and which is further capable of communicating with the digital camera.
According to the second aspect of the invention, data recorded in both the normal image data recording mode and the raw image data recording mode exist in the digital camera, and these data are transmitted to the external process control device without differentiating the data. In this case, since the self-development execution module is added to the raw image data, the raw image data can be developed without arranging a dedicated viewer in the external process control device.
At this time, the external control device has an application programming interface (API) to deliver an observing condition used when raw image data, represented by tone of raw image data, is observed, and to deliver raw image data developed by the self-development execution module. Therefore, even if the tone of the raw image data is different from the tone of the raw image data developed by the external process control device, the difference is interpolated to make it possible to observe the raw image data on the basis of the desired observing conditions.
The image data processing system may possess the self-development execution module, which executes image processing of raw image data. The self-development execution module may be independent of the external control device, which develops image data.
According to the third embodiment of the present invention, the external control device, which displays image data picked up with a digital camera, further comprises an application programming interface, which transfers an observing condition when raw image data is observed between the digital camera and the external control device and transfers raw image data after it has been developed by the self-development execution module between the digital camera and the external control device, wherein the raw image data is image data of an object picked up with a solid-state image pickup device of the digital camera and which has only been converted from analog to digital; and the self-development execution module is added to the raw image data for developing raw image data.
The digital camera further may add reproduction parameters to the raw image data for reproducing the raw image data and the external control device may reproduce the raw image data based on the reproduction parameters.
The self-development execution module may be independent of the external control device. Further, the self-development execution module may execute image processing of raw image data.
A fourth embodiment of the present invention provides an image recording method comprising the steps of: converting data, which was picked up with a solid-state image pickup device of a digital camera, from analog to digital; recording, to a recording medium, which does not undergo any other processing; and recording a self-development execution module for developing raw image data to at least one of the raw image data and the recording medium having the raw image data recorded thereon.
In the image recording method, the self-development execution module may be independent of the external control device, which develops raw image data. The self-development execution module may execute image processing of the raw image data.
A fifth embodiment of the present invention provides an image control method, which controls an image that is recorded by the image recording method of the fourth embodiment, the method comprising the steps of: transferring the observing condition between the digital camera and the external control device; and transferring the developed raw image data, which is developed by the self-development execution module, between the digital camera and the external control device.
As described above, the invention has the following advantage. That is, images recorded by both a compressed image recording control function and a raw image recording control function can be reliably developed and observed on an external image processing device regardless of the presence/absence of a reproducing function of a raw image.
FIG. 1 is a control block diagram of a digital camera according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the appearance of the digital camera when viewed from the rear side.
FIG. 4 is a pattern diagram showing a file structure of JPEG data.
FIG. 5 is a pattern diagram showing a file structure of CCD-raw data.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a tree structure of files in a PC.
FIG. 7 is a pattern diagram of an image file reproducing environment structure structured on the PC.
FIG. 8 is a control flow chart showing an image file selection operation process routine.
FIG. 9 is a control flow chart showing an execution code process routine.
FIG. 1 shows a control system in a digital camera 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. An image pickup unit 18 is arranged in the digital camera 10. The image pickup unit 18 has the following configuration. A lens 18A, a mechanical shutter, and a diaphragm are arranged such that incident light from the lens 18A is made incident on a CCD 18B through the diaphragm when the mechanical shutter is open.
An electric flash 12 is arranged on the digital camera 10 to manually or automatically flash under the control of an electric flash control unit 14 as needed.
The control devices including the image pickup unit 18 and the electric flash control unit 14 of the digital camera 10 are connected to each other by a bus 16. The operations of the devices are controlled by a CPU 20. A power from a battery 22 is supplied to the control devices to make it possible to operate the control devices.
A system memory (RAM or ROM) 24, a nonvolatile memory 26, a timer function unit 28, and a calendar/clock function unit 30 are connected to the bus 16 as control devices.
The I/O port 32, which is connected to the bus 16, is capable of inputting and outputting signals from an operation/display system 36 mounted to a housing 34 (see FIG. 2) of the digital camera 10.
As shown in FIG. 2, a liquid-crystal monitor (LCD) 38 are arranged on a rear surface side (on a side opposing the side on which the image pickup unit 18 is arranged) of the housing 34 of the digital camera 10. A frame number display unit 40 serving as a part of the operation/display system is arranged on the upper portion of the liquid-crystal monitor 38. For example, a photographing frame number is displayed by a 7-segment liquid-crystal display.
As the operation/display system, on the right side of the LCD 38 on the rear side of the housing 34, a circular four-direction key 42 provided for frame switching of images displayed on the LCD 38, item selection, and the like is arranged. When the axial line of the four-direction key 42 is inclined upward, downward, left, or right, different contacts of the switch are switched by inclining the four-direction key 42. In this manner, the switching signal is input to the I/O 32 (see FIG. 1).
On the lower portion of the four-direction key 42, a menu button 44, an execution button 46, and a cancel button 48 are vertically arranged downward. On the upper surface of the housing 34, a release button 50 and a mode setting dial 52 are arranged.
When the mode setting dial 52 and the menu button 44 are operated, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a setup screen 54 for performing various settings are displayed on the LCD 38.
The execution button 46 is operated on the setup screen 54 after a function is selected and determined by the four-direction key 42, and the cancel button 48 is operated when the determined function is canceled.
As shown in FIG. 1, a memory card slot 60 to which a memory card 58 serving as a recording medium is detachably connected is connected to the bus 16 through an card I/F 56. Image data obtained by a photographing operation of the image pickup unit 18 is recorded on the memory card 58 loaded on the memory card slot 60.
In the embodiment, as a recording mode of image data on the memory card 58, a JPEG recording control function for recording JPEG data compressed by JPEG format and a CCD-raw recording control function for recording raw image data (CCD-raw data) which is not compressed are set.
The file structure recorded on the memory card 58 by the JPEG recording control function is, as shown in FIG. 4, classified into a Tag information region 62, a thumbnail region 64, and a main image region 66. Since the respective regions are the same as those of a general JPEG file structure, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
In contrast, the file structure recorded on the memory card 58 by the CCD-raw recording control function is, as shown in FIG. 5, is classified into a header block region 68, a display image block region 70, and a CCD-raw image block region 74.
The header block region 68 is classified into a maker identifier storage section 76, a format identifier storage section 78, a format version storage section 80, a compatibility code storage section 82, a machine type identifier storage section 84, a machine type version storage section 86, a display data offset storage section 88, a display image data length storage section 90, a reproduction parameter offset storage section 92, a reproduction parameter set length storage section 94, a CCD-raw data offset storage section 96, and a CCD-raw data length storage section 98.
The JPEG file structure is directly stored in the display image block region 70. More specifically, when an image is to be reproduced and displayed on the LCD 38 of the digital camera 10, JPEG image data (in this case, VGA) or thumbnail image data stored in the display image block region 70 is read. The CCD-raw image block region 74 is classified into a reproduction parameter set storage section 100 and a CCD-raw data storage section 102. The image data stored in the CCD-raw data storage section 102 is raw image data obtained by a photographing operation.
The image data transferred to the digital camera 10 is, as shown in FIG. 6, classified into directories of plural types (001 Vacation, 002 Birthday, . . . ). For example, in the directory (001 Vacation), file serial numbers (0001, 0002, 0003, 0004, 0005, . . . ) are added to prefix “DSC” (DSC: digital still camera) as file names, and suffixes are added to the file serial numbers. The files are each classified by the suffixes, so that usability can be improved.
JPG and JAR are used as the suffixes. JPG represents compressed JPEG data. JAR represents CCD-raw data serving as raw image data.
In this case, the suffix JAR also expresses that the CCD-raw data is added with a self-development execution module.
In the self-development execution module, after the CCD-raw data is transmitted to a PC 120 (to be described later) through the memory card 58, a self-development execution program is started. The CCD-raw data is designed to be automatically converted into data of a general file format (in this case, bitmap data) and reproduced (displayed). An environment on the PC 120 for reproduction will be described later.
A signal input to the image pickup unit 18 is transmitted to a signal processing unit 104 and subjected to a noise reduction process and gain control. The resultant signal is transmitted to an A/D converter 106.
The image data A/D-converted by the A/D converter 106 is designed to be transmitted to a compression/decompression unit 108 when instructed to do so by the CPU 20, and subjected to a compression process (JPEG), or it is transmitted to the memory card slot 60 through the card I/F 56 without changing the state of the image data.
The image data recorded on the memory card 58 is read on the basis of a reproduction/display instruction from the CPU 20, stored in a frame memory 110, and displayed on the LCD 38 under the control of an LCD controller 112. At this time, on the LCD 38, an image display based on the image data, characters, character data, and the like controlled by an OSD (on-screen display unit) 114 are displayed such that they are superimposed on the image display.
An external communication I/F 116 is connected to the bus 16, so that the digital camera can be directly connected to an external control device (to be referred to as a PC 120 hereinafter) such as a personal computer through a connector 118. Image data recorded on the memory card 58 can be transmitted to the PC 120.
In general, in the PC 120, an image processing application software which can expand the data compressed in a compression format (in this case, JPEG format) used for recording the data on the memory card 58 when the image data recorded on the memory card 58 is taken into the PC and processed by the PC is installed. The JPEG format generally has high compatibility. For this reason, even in the digital camera 10, such a compression format having high compatibility is used.
In contrast to this, in the CCD-raw data recorded on the memory card 58 in a state (the data is not subjected to any process) immediately after the image is obtained by a photographing operation, since high compatibility cannot be obtained, an application software which can reproduce the CCD-raw data is rarely installed on the PC 120.
However, according to the embodiment, when the recording control function for CCD-raw data is used in the digital camera 10, as the suffix JAR of the image file, a self-development execution module is added together with CCD-raw. For this reason, the data can be reproduced in the PC 120 regardless of the presence/absence of application software which can reproduce CCD-raw data on the PC 120.
FIG. 7 typically shows an image file reproducing environment structure in the PC 120. The PC 120 has a platform environment in which a hardware resource 150 is operated by a predetermined operating system (for example, Windows, Mac OS, or the like) 152 (to be referred to as an OS 152 hereinafter) An image data developing software (viewer) 154 is installed in the PC 120. This software is designed to operate depending on the platform (OS 152).
In this platform environment, a platform independent execution environment region 156 typified by JAVA or the like is formed. In the embodiment, an image file in which CCD-raw data is recorded operates by using the platform independent execution environment region 156 as a base (self-development region 158).
In place of the image data developing software (viewer) 154 of the JPEG or the like, an image data developing software (viewer) 160 of the JPEG or the like which operates by using the platform independent execution environment region 156 as a base may be formed.
The platform independent execution environment region 156 is provided with an API (Application Programming Interface) which receives an execution code (see FIG. 1) included in the self-development execution module and which sends image data developed on the basis of the execution code to the OS 152 in the image file of the CCD-raw data.
The specific arrangement of the format of CCD-raw
data is returned to a spatial arrangement on a
CCD surface. In a honeycomb structure, a checked
imaginary image is input.
When defect correction is not performed by
CCD-raw or when an operator wants to perform
high-level defect correction, defect correction
Subtraction for restoring a signal which is
OB-clamped by an analog system. As a result, the
signal is linear in luminance.
A multiplying process for each RGB. White
balance correction and brightness correction are
3 × 3 matrix operation for RGB. In a present LSI,
although the operation is performed by two
variables before offset correction, it is
theoretically better that the 3 × 3 matrix
operation is performed after WB correction.
Gradation conversion using LUT. An LUT operation
for flare correction is also performed depending
on scenes. This process is performed to convert
12-bit data into 8-bit data.
YC process
Conversion into YCrCb signal is performed
together with a synchronizing process.
An LPF process for reducing a imaginary signal
and noise reduction are performed.
Resize process
Resize using a pre-filter and bilinear
Contour correction process (filter, coring,
gain, or the like) for emphasizing sharpness.
2 × 2 matrix operation for CrCb. A diagonal term
corresponds to a color difference gain.
YC-RGB
A predetermined matrix operation for converting
a YCrCb signal into an RGB signal.
Trimming for cutting green. As a result, a final
In the platform independent execution environment region 156, the processes described in Table 1 are performed to image data which is developed by the self-development execution module and converted from CCD-raw data into bitmap data. The resultant data is transferred onto the OS 152.
Before a photographing operation is performed by the digital camera 10, the mode setting dial 52 is operated to display the setup screen 54 on the LCD 38.
Photographing conditions are set on the setup screen. When a recording mode is selected (inversely displayed) by the four-direction key 42, and when the execution button 46 is operated, the recording mode can be selected. As the items of the recording mode, in FIG. 3, JPEG/FINE, JPEG/BASIC, and CCD-raw are displayed. A recording mode to be selected is selected (inversely displayed) by the four-direction key 42, and the execution button 46 is operated.
Similarly, items such as the number of pixels, sharpness, peep sound, and the like are selected as needed. The items are set, respectively.
In a photographing mode, a preview of an image obtained by a photographing operation of the image pickup unit 18 is displayed on the LCD 38. When a predetermined field angle is determined, the release button 50 is operated, and a photographing operation is executed.
In this case, the data picked by the image pickup unit 18 is transmitted to the signal processing unit 104 and subjected to processes such as a noise reduction process, a gain control process, and the like. Thereafter, the data is A/D-converted to generate digital image data.
Thereafter, the digital image data is compressed in the compression/decompression unit 108, and the compressed data is recorded on the memory card 58.
In a reproducing mode, when an index mode is selected, a thumbnail image is read from digital image data (JPEG file format) recorded on the memory card 58, and a photographed image is displayed in the form of a matrix on the LCD 38. When a 1-image reproducing mode is selected, compressed image data recorded in the JPEG file format is read and expanded in the compression/decompression unit 108. The image data is developed in the frame memory 110 and then displayed on the LCD 38.
As shown in FIG. 6, an image file (JPEG data) having an decompression of JPG and an image file (CCD-raw data) having an decompression of JAR exist in the memory card 58. In a conventional technique, the CCD-raw data cannot be reproduced in the PC 120 which has no dedicated viewer.
However, in the embodiment, CCD-raw data and a self-development execution module are added to the image file having an suffix of JAR. For this reason, when the image file having the decompression of JAR is selected on the PC 120, the image file is transferred to the PC 120 and self-developed on the platform of the PC 120 to obtain bitmap data. In this manner, a user of the digital camera 10 can transfer data to the PC 120 and reproduce the data regardless of the file format, and such a drawback that CCD-raw data cannot be reproduced can be solved.
In the embodiment, the self-development region 158 for self-development is formed in the platform independent execution environment region 156 on the platform of the PC 120. The platform independent execution environment region 156 is provided with an API (Application Programming Interface) which receives an execution code (see FIG. 1) included in the image file having the decompression of JAR and which sends image data developed on the basis of the execution code to the OS 152.
In this manner, the self-developed image data (CCD-raw data→bitmap data) is subjected to the process items described in Table 1 by the platform independent execution environment region 156 and transferred to the OS 152.
Procedures depending on transfer of image data from the digital camera 10 (memory card 58) to the PC 120 and the type of the image data will be described below with reference to the flow charts shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.
FIG. 8 shows processes executed when a selection operation (click operation) of any image file is performed in a state in which the image data recorded on the memory card 58 is displayed in a tree structure shown in FIG. 6. In step 200, the format of the file obtained by the selection operation (click operation) is decided.
It is decided in step 200 that the decompression is JPG, the Process shifts to step 202 to read JPEG data recorded on the image file into the nonvolatile memory 26, execute an decompression process in the compression/decompression unit 108, and transfer the expanded image file to the PC 120 through the external communication I/F 116.
In the next step 204, in the PC 120, a process is executed by using a viewer software corresponding to JPEG and installed in the PC 120 in advance.
In the next step 200, although not mentioned in the embodiment, when an image file format (hereinafter referred to as another file format) JPEG data and CCD-raw data is used, the process shifts from step 200 to step 212 to execute processes corresponding to the file format. As the other file format, BMP, TIFF, or the like are known.
On the other hand, in step 200, when the suffix of the format of the clicked image file is JAR, the Process shifts from step 200 to step 206.
In step 206, the CCD-raw data recorded in the image file is read to the nonvolatile memory 26, execute an decompression process in the compression/decompression unit 108, and transfer the expanded image file to the PC 120 through the external communication I/F 116. Since this process is a process performed in the digital camera 10, the process is executed to even CCD-raw data without any problem.
In the next step 208, in the self-development region 158 of the PC 120, a self-development operation is executed to convert the data into bitmap file data. In step 210, the execution code formed in the self-development module added to the CCD-raw data is executed to the image data converted into the bitmap file data in the platform independent execution environment region 156 having the API.
FIG. 9 shows procedures of an execution code in step 210 in FIG. 8. In step 220, a gamma value in an observing environment, i.e., a specification environment of a monitor display in the PC 120 is acquired by the API, and a gamma value used in reproduction is calculated in step 222.
The next 13 steps (from step 224 to step 248) for a process block shown in Table 1 include execution of the pixel re-arrangement process, the defect correction process, the offset correction process, the gain correction process, the linear matrix process, the gamma correction process, the YC process, the LPF process, the resize process, the contour correction process, the color difference matrix process, the YC-RGB conversion process, and the trimming process.
In the next step 250, the processed image data is transferred to the OS 152. In this manner, in the PC 120, a reproducing process such as a monitor display process can be executed by the same process as that for versatile image data (bitmap data).
In the above description, all the process items are performed. However, when at least gamma correction is performed, drawbacks such as a toneless image, which directly affects image quality when a person visually checks it, can be solved (processes in steps 220, 222, 234, and 250 indicated by an arrow A).
As has been described above, in the embodiment, as a function of the digital camera 10, when an image recorded on the memory card 58 as CCD-raw data is reproduced in the PC 120, the self-development execution module is added to the image file in which the CCD-raw data is stored to make it possible that the CCD-raw data can be reproduced, i.e., displayed on the monitor of the PC 120 without a dedicated viewer for reproducing CCD-raw data in the PC 120. The self-development region 158 is formed in the platform independent execution environment region 156 on the platform of the PC 120. In this manner, the self-developed image data (CCD-raw data→bitmap data) can be subjected to processes such as a gamma correction process by the API of the platform independent execution environment region 156 and then transferred to the OS 152. The image data can be reproduced without forming a toneless image or the like.
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Former Pirelli calendar girl Christina Estrada in UK's 1st £4b divorce from Saudi husband | Daily Mail Online
Former supermodel is divorcing her Saudi husband for share of £4billion
Christina Estrada was once romantically linked to Prince Andrew in 1990s
52-year-old has split from Walid Juffali, one of richest men in Middle East
It could become one of the largest divorce claims in British legal history
Published: 17:13 EDT, 13 June 2015 | Updated: 09:42 EDT, 14 June 2015
A former supermodel once romantically linked to Prince Andrew is divorcing her Saudi husband for a share of his £4 billion family fortune – and laying claim to three of the most desirable luxury homes in Britain.
In what could become one of the largest divorce claims in British legal history, Christina Estrada – a former Pirelli calendar girl – has apparently separated from Walid Juffali, one of the richest men in the Middle East.
The couple, who married in 2001 and have a 13-year-old daughter, split after Mr Juffali fell for a Lebanese TV presenter and married her under Islamic law, which permits him to have four wives.
Huge divorce claim: Former supermodel Christina Estrada (left) was once romantically linked to Prince Andrew (right). She is now divorcing her Saudi husband for a share of his £4billion family fortune
American-born Ms Estrada has apparently separated from Walid Juffali (pictured together), one of the richest men in the Middle East. She is laying claim to three of the most desirable luxury homes in Britain
Now American-born Ms Estrada, 52, who was linked to Prince Andrew in the early 1990s when she was at the height of her modelling career, is demanding a share of at least three British properties together worth an estimated £60 million.
They include his London home – a seven-bedroom, £41 million converted church with gold-leaf ceilings opposite the department store Harrods in Knightsbridge.
All eyes on gorgeous George! Prince steals the show with... EPHRAIM HARDCASTLE: Military fears the Royal Family's...
The four-storey building – which in addition to its original church windows, stone pillars and vaulted ceilings has a 30ft basement pool and a cinema – was formerly owned by Alain Boublil, writer of the musicals Les Miserables and Miss Saigon.
In 2009, Mr Boublil sold the house to a Thai businessman who last year sold it to 60-year-old Mr Juffali to use as his main London residence. Part of it is still used as a church.
Land registry documents seen by The Mail on Sunday confirm that Ms Estrada is also making claims on two sprawling countryside mansions owned by Mr Juffali. The first, Bishopsgate House, is a country estate in Egham, Surrey, which includes a maze and tennis court. The estate is next to Windsor Great Park and is just four miles from Windsor Castle. Experts estimate its worth at £10 million to £15 million.
Ms Estrada is demanding a share of at least three British properties together worth an estimated £60 million. They include Juffali's London home – a seven-bedroom, converted church in Knightsbridge (pictured)
Expensive: Bishopsgate House (pictured) is a country estate in Egham, Surrey, which includes a maze and tennis court. The estate is next to Windsor Great Park and is just four miles from Windsor Castle
The third house is a coastal mansion near Dartmouth, Devon, which Mr Juffali bought for £3.25 million in 2007 and whose value is likely to have more than doubled since. The secluded house looks on to the English Channel and the area around it is designated as one of ‘outstanding natural beauty’.
Although no details were available from the couple’s lawyers, it is believed that Ms Estrada will be seeking a total payout larger than the value of the three properties.
The most expensive divorce pay-out in British legal history is that of Bernie Ecclestone, who paid his wife Slavica an estimated £740 million. But should Ms Estrada obtain title to the properties, or even a half share, it would dwarf Sir Paul McCartney’s £24 million payout to Heather Mills or Jude Law’s settlement with Sadie Frost, which reportedly cost £4 million.
A friend of Ms Estrada said that she initiated divorce proceedings at the High Court after her husband married Loujain Adada, a glamorous Lebanese TV presenter, in 2012. Adada was 25 at the time – 32 years Mr Juffali’s junior. They had a lavish Venetian ball-themed wedding which was estimated to cost several million pounds, and now have a seven-month-old daughter.
Luxury: The third house is a coastal mansion near Dartmouth, Devon (pictured), which Mr Juffali bought for £3.25 million in 2007 and whose value is likely to have more than doubled since
His wealth lies in one of Saudi Arabia’s biggest companies, EA Juffali & Brothers, whose value has been assessed at up to £10 billion. His family’s personal fortune has been put at about £4 billion.
Ironically, his falling in love with Ms Estrada led to one of Britain’s other most expensive divorces, 15 years ago.
In 2000, Mr Juffali divorced his first wife Basma Al-Sulaiman, now 55, after 24 years of marriage, paying her £40 million.
Ms Estrada’s friend, who did not want to be named, said: ‘It is well known in our social circle that Christina is divorcing him. It started when he married that Lebanese woman. This is acceptable in his home country, but an American woman cannot accept it. It’s a clash of cultures. I wish Christina the best of luck really.’
Lawyers for Ms Estrada and Mr Juffali declined to comment.
Additional reporting: Caroline Graham in Los Angeles

value: This website is the website of the Daily Mail, a newspaper in the United Kingdom, and of its sister paper The Mail on Sunday. MailOnline is a division of dmg media, which is owned by Daily Mail and General Trust plc.


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The Orange Return with Exhibition Win - Syracuse - Scout
The Orange Return with Exhibition WinDan Tortora11/02/2012Syracuse steps onto the court without Jardine, Waiters, Joseph, and Melo, but has no issue with obtaining a victory in their preseason.When the Syracuse Orange men's basketball team entered onto the hardcourt against Pace, they were entering as a new unit, sans guards Scoop Jardine and Dion Waiters, forward Kris Joseph, and center Fab Melo. But the Orange moved forward, coming out with tenacity and a want to make a statement. And they did, with a margin of victory that surpassed 30 points.
Five Orange players recorded a steal, with Carter-Williams attaining the most with four. Share on Facebook Share on TwitterTrending on ScoutFive Takeaways from UK's Blue-White GameLouisville hit with 4 NCAA violationsNew Head Coaches Mid-Season ReportOrange Madness PrimerMatchup Preview: Syracuse at Boston CollegeShare & EmbedWilson Gives Insight into Playing for Babers Full StoryCuse Nation Top StoriesMatchup Preview: Syracuse at Boston CollegeFull matchup preview, breakdown and analysis for Saturday's game between Syracuse and Boston College.by Michael McAllisterCuse NationThursday at 8:45 PMOrange Madness PrimerEverything you need to know about Syracuse basketball's Orange Madness event.by Michael McAllisterCuse NationThursday at 7:00 PMSyracuse Injury Report vs Boston CollegeSyracuse released their injury report on Thursday for Saturday's game against B.C.by Michael McAllisterCuse NationThursday at 4:00 PMOn Campus: October 22It is a big weekend for visits across the country with several schools hosting major events. Duke and Indiana are hosting huge groups of visitors.by Josh GershonScout HoopsThursday at 1:45 PMWilson Gives Insight into Playing for BabersSyracuse defensive end De'Jon Wilson gives a bit of insight into what it's like to play for head coach Dino Babers.by Jon CerioCuse NationWednesday at 8:15 PMCuseCast: Episode 21Class of 2019 forward Jonathan Stewart discusses his recruitment, Mike Waters discusses Syracuse basketball's vacated wins, we breakdown Syracuse's win over Virginia Tech, preview…by Michael McAllisterCuse NationMonday at 8:45 PMPlaying for BabersWhen the Cameras Aren't Rollingby Jon CerioCuse NationThursday at 7:30 PMBreaking NewsLouisville hit with 4 NCAA violationsAfter an investigation that has lasted more than a year, the NCAA has sent the University of Louisville a notice of allegations of violations in its men's basketball program. The…by Jody DemlingCardinal AuthorityThursday at 6:45 AMNew Head Coaches Mid-Season ReportThere were a lot of college football head coaching changes before this season. Let's take a look at how a few have fared so far this season.by Jonathan KahnScoutWednesday at 4:59 PMWatch: Syracuse Target Punishes OpponentsFour-star 2017 inside linebacker Ellis Brooks shows why he is a top target for ACC and Big Ten programs in his early senior season highlights.by Michael ClarkScout FootballWednesday at 12:08 PMACC School Inches out Front for JoynerA pair of Power Five programs have served up scholarship offers to Patrick Joyner, but which school is sitting atop the outside linebacker's list?by Corey BenderScout FootballWednesday at 7:50 AMThe Latest on Syracuse Target Jordan WrightPrized defensive end Jordan Wright is roughly 24 hours removed from scooping up a certain SEC offer, but is that the same SEC school he hopes to visit this weekend?by Corey BenderScout FootballTuesday at 12:55 PMLoad More

value: This website is an integrated sports publishing company that produces Internet content covering hundreds of professional and college teams across America. The company was founded in 2001 and was acquired by Fox Sports in 2005.


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Belgium set to legalise euthanasia for children with life-threatening diseases | Daily Mail Online
Belgium set to legalize euthanasia for CHILDREN
Legislation on child euthanasia widely expected to be passed tomorrow
New law is likely to allow terminally ill teenagers to request to die early
Only those with incurable illnesses and in unbearable pain will be eligible
Campaigners argue sick children may be pressured into ending their life
But those in favour say the law will be strict enough to prevent any abuse
Published: 06:45 EDT, 12 February 2014 | Updated: 08:31 EDT, 12 February 2014
Belgium is expected to legalise child euthanasia tomorrow, when a controversial vote to abolish age restrictions on who can ask to be killed appears before the country's House of Representatives.
Under the legislation, teenagers in the advanced stages of terminal illness that are suffering unbearable pain will be able to request to have their life brought to an end by a doctor.
Although Belgium is one of only a few countries that allows euthanasia, it won't be the first to extend that right to children as the Netherlands already accepts death requests from those as young as 12.
Debate: The child euthanasia legislation appears to have wide support in Belgium, though it has also led to street protests backed by a number of prominent paediatricians
Concerns: Those not in favour of the legislation fear sick and vulnerable children may be pressured into ending their lives by parents or guardians who consider them a burden
The child euthanasia legislation appears to have wide support in Belgium, though it has also led to street protests backed by a number of paediatricians who fear sick and vulnerable children may be pressured into ending their lives by parents or guardians who consider them a burden.
Supporters such as Dr Gerland van Berlaer, a prominent Brussels pediatrician, believe child euthanisa is nothing but merciful, however.
The law will be specific enough that it will only apply to the handful of teenage boys and girls who are in advanced stages of cancer or other terminal illnesses and suffering unbearable pain, he said.
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Under the current law they must wait to die naturally or until they turn 18.
'We are talking about children that are really at the end of their life. It's not that they have months or years to go. Their life will end anyway,' said Dr Van Berlaer, chief of clinic at the pediatric critical care unit of University Hospital Brussels.
'The question they ask us is: 'Don't make me go in a terrible, horrifying way. Let me go now while I am still a human being and while I still have my dignity''
On December 12, the Belgian Senate voted by 50 to 17 in favour of amending the country's 2002 law on euthanasia to allow it to apply to minors, although only under certain additional conditions.
Those include parental consent and a requirement that any minor desiring euthanasia demonstrate a 'capacity for discernment' to a psychiatrist and psychologist.
Argument: Protesters gather in the hope of influencing Belgian politicians before the vote on child euthanasia
Not in favour: Although one opinion poll found 75 per cent of Belgians agreed with and supported the changes, there has also been a vocal opposition
The House of Representatives, the other chamber of Belgium's parliament, is scheduled to debate whether to agree to the changes today and vote on them tomorrow. A positive vote is widely expected.
King Philippe, Belgium's constitutional head of state, would then have to sign the legislation for it to go into effect.
Although one opinion poll found 75 per cent of Belgians were in favor of the changes, there has been a vocal opposition.
Andre Leonard, the archbishop of Mechelen-Brussels and chairman of the Episcopal Conference of Belgium said: 'We are opening a door that nobody will be able to close... There is a risk of very serious consequences in the long term for society and the meaning we give to life, death and the freedom of human beings.'
Etienne Dujardin, 29, a notary employee and father, has been among those staging protests as the debate in the House of Representatives nears.
He doesn't believe safeguards proposed under the new law are watertight enough to protect youngsters who may be incapacitated by disease.
'If you take three psychiatrists, one of them will end up approving [euthanasia]... In the name of promoting freedom for children, we're letting someone else decide,' Dujardin said.
Against: This week, an open letter carrying the names of 160 Belgian pediatricians was issued to argue against the new law, claiming there is no urgent need for it
However Dr Van Berlaer estimates only a handful of Belgian children, all in their teenage years, would be able to make use of the new euthanasia restrictions each year
This week, an open letter carrying the names of 160 Belgian pediatricians was issued to argue against the new law, claiming there is no urgent need for it and that modern medicine is capable of soothing the pain of even the most sick children.
The doctors also said there was no objective way of providing that children possess the 'discernment' to know what euthanasia means.
Dr Van Berlaer, 45, was not one of the signatories. 'Very sick children who are surrounded by other ill and dying people are not like other youngsters, and mature quickly - too quickly', he said.
'They may look on as friends or neighbors in their ward die because they can no longer breathe or swallow, and come to realise what lies ahead for them.'
In such cases, Dr Van Berlaer said, a child may want to say goodbye to classmates and family and ask if he or she can stop living.
'The thing is that it is an ultimate act of humanity and even love for the patients, minors in this case, that we at least listen to this question and think about why they would ask such a difficult thing,' Van Berlaer said.
'And it will never be easy, even if the law changes now, things won't be easier.'
Dr Van Berlaer estimates only a handful of Belgian children, all in their teenage years, would be able to make use of the new euthanasia restrictions each year.
'If there is still a possible medical treatment, they will not be allowed to ask for euthanasia,' he said.
Young protesters ask the House of Representatives to give child euthanasia the red card
The discernment clause, he added, should bar the law from applying to young children.
Dr Marc Van Hoey, a general practitioner who is president of the Right to Die Association in the region of Flanders, is also in favor of the legislation.
Euthanasia, he said, sometimes becomes the kindest and most caring option.
'If you see somebody who died in pain, you see his face completely with a kind of expression where you see the pain on the face... I never saw that when I gave someone euthanasia,' the doctor said.
Besides Belgium, the only other countries to have legalised euthanasia are its neighbours the Netherlands and Luxembourg. Assisted suicide is legal in Switzerland and in the US states of Washington, Oregon, Vermont and Montana.
In the Netherlands, children between 12 and 15 may be euthanized with parents' permission, while those who are 16 or 17 must notify their parents beforehand.
Luxembourg limits the practice to legal adults 18 and older.
Belgium set to legalise euthanasia for children with life-threatening diseases