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Patent US4173495 - Solar collector structures containing thin film polysiloxane, and solar cells - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign in<nobr>Advanced Patent Search</nobr>PatentsDisclosed is a composite collector and concentrator structure comprising a laminate having a self-supporting layer of solid light transmitting material of extended area in one plane in optical contact with a relatively thin layer of a silicone resin derived from a trifunctional silane containing at least...http://www.google.com/patents/US4173495?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US4173495 - Solar collector structures containing thin film polysiloxane, and solar cellsAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS4173495 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 05/902,520Publication dateNov 6, 1979Filing dateMay 3, 1978Priority dateMay 3, 1978Publication number05902520, 902520, US 4173495 A, US 4173495A, US-A-4173495, US4173495 A, US4173495AInventorsCharles F. Rapp, Norman L. BolingOriginal AssigneeOwens-Illinois, Inc.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (7), Non-Patent Citations (1), Referenced by (27), Classifications (13), Legal Events (1) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetSolar collector structures containing thin film polysiloxane, and solar cellsUS 4173495 AAbstract Disclosed is a composite collector and concentrator structure comprising a laminate having a self-supporting layer of solid light transmitting material of extended area in one plane in optical contact with a relatively thin layer of a silicone resin derived from a trifunctional silane containing at least one species of luminescent material which absorbs electromagnetic radiation and emits electromagnetic radiation of a longer wave length. Use with photovoltaic solar cells is also disclosed.
We claim: 1. A luminescent solar collector and concentrator comprising a radiation collection medium for receiving incident solar radiation, said medium containing at least one luminescent species capable of emitting luminescent radiation upon excitation with incident solar radiation, said medium being totally internally reflective of a major portion of said emitted luminescent radiation, wherein said radiation collection medium is a composite structure comprising a thin layer of a thermoset polysiloxane of a trifunctional silane containing dispersed therein at least one luminescent species, said layer being optically coupled to a thick radiation conducting layer of at least 0.5 mm thickness, which thick layer (1) is totally internally reflective of a major portion of said emitted luminescent radiation, (2) has an index of refraction close to that of said thin layer, (3) is less absorptive of said emitted luminescent radiation than said thin layer and (4) has a thickness ratio to said thin layer of higher than 4:1.
2. A collector and concentrator of claim 1 wherein said thick layer also contains a luminescent species.
3. A collector and concentrator of claim 1 wherein said thin layer contains at least two luminescent species, the first of which has an emission spectrum overlapping the absorption spectrum of the other, said two luminescent species having a concentration sufficiently high that the major mode of activation of said other species by said first species is radiationless.
4. A collector and concentrator of claim 1 wherein said thick layer is a glass.
5. A collector and concentrator of claim 4 wherein said glass contains a luminescent species which absorbs ultraviolet light and emits light of a longer wave length.
6. A luminescent solar collector and concentrator comprising a radiation collection medium for receiving incident solar radiation, said medium containing at least one luminescent species capable of emitting luminescent radiation upon excitation with incident solar radiation, said medium being totally internally reflective of a major portion of said emitted luminescent radiation, a relatively small surface area of said medium being optically coupled to a photovoltaic solar cell responsive to said emitted luminescent radiation, wherein said radiation collection medium is a composite structure comprising a thin layer of a thermoset polysiloxane of a trifunctional silane containing dispersed therein at least one luminescent species, said layer being optically coupled to a thick radiation conducting layer of at least 0.5 mm thickness, which thick layer (1) is totally internally reflective of a major portion of said emitted luminescent radiation, (2) has an index of refraction close to that of said thin layer, (3) is less absorptive of said emitted luminescent radiation than said thin layer and (4) has a thickness ratio to said thin layer of higher than 4:1.
7. A collector and concentrator of claim 6 wherein said thick layer also contains a luminescent species.
8. A collector and concentrator of claim 6 wherein said thin layer contains at least two luminescent species, the first of which has an emission spectrum overlapping the absorption spectrum of the other, said two luminescent species having a concentration sufficiently high that the major mode of activation of said other species by said first species is radiationless.
9. A collector and concentrator of claim 6 wherein said thick layer is a glass.
10. A collector and concentrator of claim 9 wherein said glass contains a luminescent species which absorbs ultraviolet light and emits light of a longer wave length.
11. A luminescent solar collector and concentrator comprising a radiation collection medium for receiving incident solar radiation, said medium containing at least one luminescent species capable of emitting luminescent radiation upon excitation with incident solar radiation, said medium being totally internally reflective of a major portion of said emitted luminescent radiation, wherein said radiation collection medium is a composite structure comprising a thin layer of a thermoset polysiloxane of a trifunctional silane containing dispersed therein at least one luminescent species, said layer being optically coupled to a thick radiation conducting layer of at least 0.5 mm thickness, which thick layer (1) is totally internally reflective of a major portion of said emitted luminescent radiation, (2) has an index of refraction close to that of said thin layer and (3) has a thickness ratio to said thin layer of higher than 4:1.
12. A luminescent solar collector and concentrator comprising a radiation collection medium for receiving incident solar radiation, said medium containing at least one luminescent species capable of emitting luminescent radiation upon excitation with incident solar radiation, said medium being totally internally reflective of a major portion of said emitted luminescent radiation, a relatively small surface area of said medium being optically coupled to a photovoltaic solar cell responsive to said emitted luminescent radiation, wherein said radiation collection medium is a composite structure comprising a thin layer of a thermoset polysiloxane of a trifunctional silane containing dispersed therein at least one luminescent species, said layer being optically coupled to a thick radiation conducting layer of at least 0.5 mm thickness, which thick layer (1) is totally internally reflective of a major portion of said emitted luminescent radiation, (2) has an index of refraction close to that of said thin layer and (3) has a thickness ratio to said thin layer of higher than 4:1.
This invention in an important aspect concerns the art of exposing semiconductors to sunlight to convert at least a part thereof to electrical energy. Such means for converting electromagnetic energy to electricity are known as photovoltaic cells or photocells, and common examples of such photocells are silicon or gallium arsenide semiconductors having P-N junctions. Commonly, an electrical lead is connected on either side of the semiconductor across the P-N junction.
Semiconductor photocells are very expensive; in consequence, it has been the practice to gather and concentrate the sunlight reaching a given semiconductor photocell so that extremely large areas of semiconductor material need not be employed as would be necessary without such a gathering system. The common gathering systems in the past were optical systems, wherein lens systems concentrated the light and focused same on a given photocell.
Another article, by Levitt and Weber, appears in Applied Optics, Vol. 16, No. 10, pages 2684-2689, October 1977, should be read with the article first mentioned.
Other publications aiding in the understanding of the setting of the present invention include Goetzberger, Applied Physics, 14, 123-139, 1977, German patent application 2620115, published Nov. 10, 1977 (not published before our conception, however) and, referred to in the latter patent application, German patent application 2554226, published June 8, 1977, which is of some peripheral interest.
Also, numerous patents deal with the conversion of solar energy to different wave lengths by means of luminescent or fluorescent layers and impinging emitted light on a photocell; examples are U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,426,212, 3,484,606 and 3,912,931, which patents, however, do not have the concept of concentrating the light from a large area and collecting it over a much smaller area by optical coupling to a relatively small area semi-conductor photocell. In U.S. Pat. No. 3,912,931 benzene and other aromatic hydrocarbons are said to be "fixed" in layers of a silicone resin superimposed on the photocell.
In the recent prior art structure of the type disclosed in the aforesaid Weber and Lambe publication, which describes what is there termed a "luminescent greenhouse collector", the luminescent medium or layer for practical reasons needs to be self-supporting. Therefore, the luminescent layer obviously must be at least one-half millimeter thick if it is as small as, say, 10 centimeters on a side, or it must be much thicker if it is, say, a meter on a side.
Related U.S. application, Ser. No. 902,521, filed by one of us of even date herewith discloses a composite collector and concentrator structure comprising a laminate having a self-supporting layer of solid light transmitting material of extended area in one plane in optical contact with a relatively thin layer of host material containing at least one species of luminescent material which absorbs electromagnetic radiation and emits electromagnetic radiation of a longer wave length. Use with photovoltaic solar cells is also disclosed.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a luminescent collector-concentrator of solar energy of increased efficiency wherein a superior host resin is employed as a thin film.
It is a further object of the invention to provide such a luminescent solar collector-concentrator optically coupled at a small fraction of its surface to a semiconductor photovoltaic cell.
Other objects, as well as aspects and advantages, of the invention will become apparent from the present specification, of the drawings and the claims.
In the structure of the present invention, a very thin, or at least a relatively very thin luminescent doped silicone resin layer is supported in good optical contact on a radiation conducting support layer ("in optical contact" meaning that there is minimum reflection at the interface of the support layer and the luminescent layer), where the support layer is thick enough for its area to be self-supporting. Thus, the support layer is generally at least one-half millimeter thick, usually thicker, and has a thickness ratio to the thin luminescent layer of more than 4:1 and usually very much higher. It is usually preferable that the refractive index of the luminescent layer be essentially the same as or somewhat less than the refractive index of the support layer, in order to minimize reflection at the interface, although for reasons to be discussed later the reverse situation might be tolerated in certain instances.
Thus, according to the present invention there is provided a luminescent solar collector and concentrator comprising a radiation collection medium for receiving incident solar radiation, said medium containing at least one luminescent species capable of emitting luminescent radiation upon excitation with incident solar radiation, said medium being totally internally reflective of a major portion of said emitted luminescent radiation, wherein said radiation collection medium is a composite structure comprising a thin layer of a thermoset polysiloxane of a trifunctional silane containing dispersed therein at least one luminescent species selected from the group consisting of fluorescent organic dyes, fluorescent metallo-organic chelates and finely divided inorganic phosphors, said layer being optically coupled to a thick radiation conducting layer of at least 0.5 mm thickness which thick layer (1) is totally internally reflective of a major portion of said emitted luminescent radiation, (2) has an index of refraction close to that of said thin layer and (3) has a thickness ratio to said thin luminescent layer of higher than 4:1. Such collector in an important embodiment is optically coupled to a semiconductor photocell.
Such polysiloxane resins can be derived, for instance, by hydrolysis and condensation of silanes of the formula ##STR1## where R is a lower alkyl radical containing 1-4 carbon atoms, usually methyl or ethyl, and R1 is an alkyl radical containing 1-6 carbon atoms, an alkenyl radical containing 2-6 carbon atoms or is an aryl radical such as phenyl. Mixed condensation products of silanes of the above formula also form suitable polysiloxanes. For further details relative to such polysiloxanes see, for instance, U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,395,117; 3,388,114 and 3,389,121.
The thermoset polysiloxanes, even though they are relatively expensive, can be economically used as the thin host film or films in the foregoing structure since only a small amount of the resin is required. There are several advantages to such polysiloxanes.
1. They are compatible with most dyes and metallo-organic chelates as well as finely divided inorganic solid phosphors. 2. It has been found that they seal extremely well to glass and most plastics useful as the thick film, such as poly(methyl methacrylate) and they moreover seal to the semi-conductor photocell, such as a silicon cell. 3. The index of refraction value of such resins is from about 1.45 to about 1.55, ideal for optical coupling to most glasses and acrylic plastics used for the thick film and for the usual antireflective coating carried on the silicon photocell. 4. They have excellent weathering characteristics, i.e., they are not subject to weathering, i.e., they withstand chemical attack from the atmosphere including water and the usual air pollutants. 5. They are extremely abrasion resistant. 6. They are very resistant to solar ultraviolet light degradation. 7. Very importantly, they can be cured to the thermoset condition at a low enough temperature to avoid harm to even the most heat sensitive of the luminescent organic species, such as dyes and chelates.
Of course, by the term thermoset polysiloxane of a trifunctional silane it is meant to include polymers derived from trifunctional silanes containing some difunctional or even monofunctional silanes, so long as such polymers are sufficiently cross-linked to be thermoset. Very suitable thermosetting silicone resins are described in U.S. Pat No. 3,395,117, the disclosure of which is incorported herein by reference.
In the drawings, FIG. 1 is a hypothetical representation of the absorption and emission bands of a given luminescent species of a given concentration in the luminescent polysiloxane hos layer.
FIG. 2 depicts schematically a side view of a single thick layer containing throughout a luminescing species.
FIG. 3 depicts a thinner layer containing throughout the same luminescing species at a higher concentration.
FIG. 4 depicts a composite layer of the invention wherein the luminescing species in the bottom polysiloxane layer has the same concentration as in FIG. 3 and wherein the top layer is the support layer.
FIG. 5 shows a luminescent solar collector of the invention.
FIG. 6 is similar to FIG. 5 but shows a solar cell coupled to the collector.
The structure of the invention can be understood more clearly by examination of these drawings. Many luminescing materials such as fluorescent organic dyes have some overlap between their absorption and emission bands, as is shown in FIG. 1. In the type of collector or concentrator of the present structure, much of the energy emitted in the region of overlap can be reabsorbed and lost, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. This effect becomes more severe as the concentration of the dye is increased. For one thing, the wavelength area of overlap in the absorption and emission spectra as in FIG. 1 would be much greater. Furthermore, since the dye concentration is increased in a thinner film to maintain the same absorption, loss by reabsorption would increase for this reason alone. Thus, referring to FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, 1 is a thick self-supporting luminescent material of thickness t1 comprising a solid host containing a luminescent species in concentration c1 ; 2 is a much thinner luminescent material of thickness t2 comprising the same host containing the same luminescent species in higher concentration c2. In FIG. 4 the polysiloxane luminescent layer 5 identical to 2 of FIG. 3 is in optical contact with and supported by thicker, self-supporting material 4 of high optical quality which in this instance contains no luminescent species. The numeral 6 in each figure represents a single ray in each figure being totally internally reflected through distance d1 or d2, at a given angle α. In order for the above plates to have the same absorption efficiency for the incident solar light, it must be true that c1 t1 =c2 t2 where c1 and c2 are the dye concentrations in the plates 1, 2 and 5. Also, since t1 /t2 =d1 /d2, it can easily be seen that the same reabsorption loss will occur in the total internally reflected luminescence when traveling distances 11, 12 and 11 transversely across the plates of FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 respectively. Therefore, it can be seen from the above that the same low reabsorption can be accomplished from a very thin layer of the host material doped at high concentration, supported on a thick clear plate as can be accomplished from the thick plate at a lower concentration. Of course, in FIG. 4 there is depicted the idealized situation in which the index of refraction of material 4 is the same as that of layer 5. If the index is somewhat different in the two materials, it will be understood that there will be some change in the angle when the ray in FIG. 4 enters 4 or 5 as the case may be, and thus the distance 11 in FIG. 4 will vary somewhat from 11 in FIG. 2, but the principle and advantages of the invention structure still obtain. Moreover, the refractive index, n, of the thin layer should ideally be equal to or less than n of the thick layer, but the reverse is possible if a particular combination of the substrate layer and the thin layer with its luminescent species is particularly advantageous in quantum efficiency of light conversion and thus makes it worthwhile to suffer some light loss by reason of the disadvantageous relationship of the indices.
FIG. 5 shows a luminescent solar collector of the present structure. FIG. 6 shows a luminescent solar collector with a semiconductor silicon solar photovoltaic cell covering one edge thereof. Electrical leads are connected to the silicon cell but are shown. Like parts have the same reference numbers in FIGS. 5 and 6.
In FIG. 5 collector 10 comprises thick, self-supporting layer 12 of material capable of conducting electromagnetic radiation and thin layer 14 of the defined polysiloxane host material containing at least one luminescent species as defined, capable of absorbing incident solar light and emitting electromagnetic radiation in another wavelength, usually a longer wavelength. Three edges of the collector are silvered or otherwise coated to reflect light while edge 16 is not. In operation, light from the sun hitting either face of extended area is absorbed in layer 14 and excites the luminescent species which emits radiation of desired wavelengths, as before described with respect to FIG. 4.
A large portion of the emitted radiation reflects back and forth by the process of total internal reflection, and reflection from the mirrored edges, until the concentrated light reaches the window of edge 16 where it escapes and is put to use as for instance in FIG. 6.
In FIG. 6, identical to FIG. 5, except that the edge (which is numbered 16 in FIG. 5) has semiconductor photovoltaic cell 18, such as a silicon cell having a P-N junction, optically coupled thereto. This can be accomplished for instance by placing an anti-reflective coating on the facing surface of the silicon cell and interposing an oil film of intermediate refractive index (usually about 1.5) between the silicon cell and the edge of the luminescent solar collector or concentrator.
While in connection with the description of FIGS. 5 and 6, it is explained that three edges have a reflective coating, in its broadest aspect the edges need not be coated with a reflective coating. The concentrator works perfectly without such coating, but of course the concentrated light will be emitted through all unmirrored edges. As will be noted hereafter, it is possible and in some cases definitely contemplated that the thick supporting layer of our structure such as in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 will have a luminescent species, but it will be understood from the explanation of the basic advantage of our structure as explained in connection with FIGS. 1-4, that (1) the thick support layer 1 is mainly a radiation conducting layer, particularly for radiant energy emitted from the luminescent species in the thin luminescent layer and (2) in its usually preferred embodiment is less absorptive of said radiant energy than said thin layer, but not always. For instance, thick layer 12 of FIGS. 5 and 6 can contain luminescent species A that absorbs and is activated by wavelengths emitted by luminescent species B in thin layer 14, species A then emitting even longer wavelengths.
In the present structure the thin luminescent layer preferably has a thickness of no more than 0.25 mm, whether or not it contains more than one luminescent species either in one layer or in a composite layer made up of two thinner layers, each containing at least one luminescent species not in the other layer.
While the thick or supporting layer 12 can still be the fairly inexpensive acrylic resin of high quality as in most present day solar cell luminescent collectors, it is a distinct advantage that the support layer can be glass with its high optical quality, extremely low cost and low absorption characteristics. Moreover heat sensitive organic luminescent materials (dyes and chelates) can be used in the collector, but in the thin layer comprising the polysiloxane.
The possibility of using glass (sealed to the polysiloxane) as the thick support layer allows the glass layer to be doped if desired with an ion such as the uranyl ion or MnII that absorb in low wavelengths and emit in visible wavelengths that are efficiently absorbed by a suitable dye or chelate that is the luminescent species in the underlying polysiloxane. Or CeIII can be incorporated in the glass, since it absorbs in the UV and thus protects the organic luminescent material in the polysiloxane layer from degradation by UV. Moreover, the CeIII is luminescent and emits in the visible spectrum and is thus converted to light that can be used to excite the organic luminescent dye or chelate species in the thin polysiloxane layer.
When two or more soluble luminescent species, such as dyes, are used in the thin polysiloxane layer in the manner disclosed in the Swartz et al. paper in Optics Letters, Vol. 1, No. 2, Aug. 1977, pp. 73-75, they can be used at a high enough concentration that radiationless (intermolecular) transfer of energy from one luminescent species to the next results. Such radiationless transfer is much more energy efficient. See Th. Forster, Discus. Faraday Soc. 27, 7(1959).
Thus, in one advantageous embodiment of the invention, the thick support layer is glass and the thin layer is a thermoset polysiloxane containing a luminescent material. In another, related embodiment, the glass layer contains a UV absorber luminescent material that emits in the visible spectrum.
As stated, the luminescent materials used in the present polysiloxane layer are fluorescent chelates, fluorescent dyes and finely divided solid phosphors.
In the following examples the luminescent dye was uniformly mixed with a 50 volume percent solution in butyl alcohol of partially cured but further curable polysiloxane resin, prepared as described in Example 1 of U.S. Pat. No. 3,395,117 (incorporated herein by reference). The coatings on the substrate, in each case clear poly(methyl methacrylate) squares 1/8 inch thick and four inches on a side, were made to achieve a final cured thickness of doped polysiloxane film of about 0.5 mil and of the concentration noted in the respective examples. The solutions were applied to one face of the clean poly(methyl methacrylate) plates and allowed to drain off. The final curing was effected in a drying oven held at 60� C. for two days.
Table 1 shows the three test plates, the luminescent species used and its concentration in the thin polysiloxane film coating.
TABLE 1______________________________________      Luminescent    Concentration,Example    Species        Weight Percent______________________________________1 (control)      None           --2          Rhodamine B    0.153          Coumarin 1     0.4______________________________________
In the tests of the solar concentrators, plus the control, a silicon semiconductor cell having a P-N junction was used. The plates were polished on only one edge and the other edges had no reflective coating. A flat surface of the silicon cell was optically coupled to part of the polished edge. That surface of the cell carried the usual antireflective oxide coating and an index oil of nD of 1.457 was interposed between the cell and the edge of the luminescent solar concentrator. The silicon cell covered only 8.5 cm. of the length of the edge of the luminescent solar concentrator plate in each instance. The same cell was used in each example so that the results are comparable. The cell was connected through electrical leads to test instruments by which the short circuit current was measured with the sun on a bright day shining on the acrylic surface of the concentrator. The solar cell was shielded from the sun's direct rays. The results in milliamperes is shown in Table 2, together with the brightness of the sunlight as measured by a lightmeter.
TABLE 2______________________________________                     Short Circuit      Illumination   CurrentExample    (BTU/hr/ft2)                     (milliamps)______________________________________1          300            17.72          250            51.93          300            23.1______________________________________
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Levitt et al., "Materials for Luminescent Greenhouse Solar Collectors", Applied Optics, Optics, vol. 16, pp. 2684-2689 (1977).* Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS4262206 *Jan 11, 1980Apr 14, 1981The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space AdministrationFluorescent radiation converterUS4367367 *Apr 9, 1981Jan 4, 1983Renata ReisfeldCollector for solar energyUS4452720 *Jun 3, 1981Jun 5, 1984Teijin LimitedFluorescent composition having the ability to change wavelengths of light, shaped article of said composition as a light wavelength converting element and device for converting optical energy to electrical energy using said elementUS4632773 *Apr 29, 1986Dec 30, 1986Neefe Charles WFluorescent pigment added to lens material before polymerizationUS4804845 *Sep 30, 1986Feb 14, 1989Sony CorporationBeam index cathode ray tubeUS4974929 *Mar 28, 1990Dec 4, 1990Baxter International, Inc.Fiber optical probe connector for physiologic measurement devicesUS5110500 *Mar 13, 1990May 5, 1992University Of FloridaDetectors of ionizing radiation by conversion to visible lightUS6075200 *Jun 30, 1999Jun 13, 2000Entech, Inc.Stretched Fresnel lens solar concentrator for space powerUS6245259Aug 29, 2000Jun 12, 2001Osram Opto Semiconductors, Gmbh & Co. OhgWavelength-converting casting composition and light-emitting semiconductor componentUS6277301Mar 28, 2000Aug 21, 2001Osram Opto Semiconductor, Gmbh & Co. OhgAn inorganic luminous substance pigment powder with luminous substance pigments selected from cerium doped phosphors, rare earth doped garnets, thiogallets, aluminates and orthosilicates is tempered and mixed with epoxy casting resinUS6592780Apr 25, 2001Jul 15, 2003Osram Opto Semiconductors GmbhUsing epoxy resinUS6613247Sep 1, 2000Sep 2, 2003Osram Opto Semiconductors GmbhWavelength-converting casting composition and white light-emitting semiconductor componentUS7126162Mar 15, 2005Oct 24, 2006Osram GmbhLight-radiating semiconductor component with a luminescence conversion elementUS7151283Nov 2, 2004Dec 19, 2006Osram GmbhLight-radiating semiconductor component with a luminescence conversion elementUS7235189Dec 6, 2000Jun 26, 2007Osram GmbhBased on a transparent epoxy casting resin with an admixed luminous pigment being a mixed oxide of aluminum or gallium, a group IIIB metal and a rare earth metal; electroluminescent devices emitting ultraviolet, blue or green lightUS7276736Jul 10, 2003Oct 2, 2007Osram GmbhWavelength-converting casting composition and white light-emitting semiconductor componentUS7316497Mar 29, 2005Jan 8, 20083M Innovative Properties CompanyFluorescent volume light sourceUS7345317Jun 13, 2005Mar 18, 2008Osram GmbhLight-radiating semiconductor component with a luminescene conversion elementUS7629621Jul 26, 2007Dec 8, 2009Osram GmbhLight-radiating semiconductor component with a luminescence conversion elementUS7709852May 21, 2007May 4, 2010Osram GmbhWavelength-converting casting composition and light-emitting semiconductor componentUS7857457Sep 27, 2007Dec 28, 20103M Innovative Properties CompanyFluorescent volume light source having multiple fluorescent speciesUS8071996Mar 25, 2010Dec 6, 2011Osram GmbhWavelength-converting casting composition and light-emitting semiconductor componentUS8753918Sep 4, 2012Jun 17, 2014Emcore Solar Power, Inc.Gallium arsenide solar cell with germanium/palladium contactUS20120024345 *Aug 13, 2009Feb 2, 2012Greensun Energy LtdLuminescent solar concentrationUS20120125435 *Sep 6, 2010May 24, 2012Sharp Kabushiki KaishaSolar cell module and solar photovoltaic systemUS20120138144 *Sep 6, 2010Jun 7, 2012Sharp Kabushiki KaishaSolar cell module and solar power generating apparatusWO2010023657A2 *Aug 13, 2009Mar 4, 2010Greensun Energy Ltd.Luminescent solar concentration* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification136/259, 250/367, 250/458.1, 250/486.1, 250/361.00R, 250/483.1, 252/301.35, 250/227.31, 136/247International ClassificationH01L31/055Cooperative ClassificationY02E10/52, H01L31/055European ClassificationH01L31/055Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionJul 14, 1987ASAssignmentOwner name: OWENS-ILLINOIS GLASS CONTAINER INC., ONE SEAGATE,Free format text: ASSIGNS AS OF APRIL 15, 1987 THE ENTIRE INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:OWENS-ILLINOIS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004869/0922Effective date: 19870323Free format text: ASSIGNS AS OF APRIL 15, 1987 THE ENTIRE INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:OWENS-ILLINOIS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:4869/922Owner name: OWENS-ILLINOIS GLASS CONTAINER INC.,OHIORotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services©2012 Google


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The Angkor Driver - Private Day Tours (Siem Reap) - 2018 All You Need to Know Before You Go (with Photos) - TripAdvisor
The Angkor Driver - Private Day Tours, Siem Reap: Address, Phone Number, The Angkor Driver - Private Day Tours Reviews: 5/5
#118 of 320 Transportation in Siem Reap
“Oun, a driver you can trust”
Oun is not your ordinary driver. He becomes your friend. He is honest, speaks really good English... read more
Samon drove us during our three day temple and Tonle Sap tour. He is an experienced driver but also... read more
Dear valued guest . My name is Samon. I am a full licensed, English and Thai speaking driver how can provide you with private tour of Siem Reap and the nearby Angkor temple in either my Tuk Tuk ( Remork ) or my private Car. I can also provide...more
Oun, a driver you can trust
Oun is not your ordinary driver. He becomes your friend. He is honest, speaks really good English, and takes pride in his work. I will never forget this experience in Siem Reap. As a solo, female traveller, it is hard to really find someone you...More
1 Thank Truly T
Samon drove us during our three day temple and Tonle Sap tour. He is an experienced driver but also a great tour guide and told us a lot about the temples but also Cambodia. He is very friendly and caring and speaks English very well....More
Honest, friendly, helpful, nice driver
Simon ("Oun Driver" on Facebook) made my girlfriend's and my trip to Angkor Wat so much fun. He is honest and easy to work with, has really good recommendations, like viewing the sunrise from a mountain in the park instead of Angkor Wat. We were...More
Thank 99marsc
Our early morning bus was late one hour, so we didn't expect to see anyone meeting us at the station. But what was a surprise - our tuktuk driver was there immediately recognizing us based on Facebook pictures. 6 am he was full of energy,...More
We booked a 2 day tour with Oun after a recommendation from a friend. He's a really nice chap, very friendly and punctual. He speaks good English and good knowledge of the whole temple site. Thanks Oun.
Thank Dharmesh817
Juan our driver was really nice and helpful. The smiliest tuk tuk driver around. Would definitely recommend.
Thank fleming1990
Very good guy in good price !
Always on time , good and cheap tours ;) ready to gives u any info you need .. I suggest to everyone ;) thanks a lot Oun !!! Hope to see you again soon !!!!
Thank LefterisI4
We were lucky that our hotel booked Oun for our first day tuk tuk drive to the temples. He was so friendly,helpful and smiley that we arranged to go out with him for the next 2 days too. Oun (or Samon as his website calls...More
Thank gboy2015
This is the best tuk tuk driver of Cambodia ! These three days was incredible ! We were in the campaign, in temples, in the town... You can go everywhere !! Thank You very much !
Thank 907romain
Great way to visit Angkors temples
Great way to get around. Samon is a great driver and very friendly. Definately recommended if your visiting Siem Reap.
Get quick answers from The Angkor Driver - Private Day Tours staff and past visitors.

value: This website is an American online travel company that operates a website and mobile app with user-generated content and a comparison shopping website.


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Jabra Ear-Hook Mobile Phone Headsets for Casio | eBay
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Shipping for this item: - For USA orders, the item will be shipped from our warehouse in CA, USA by Fisrt Class Service with online tracking. - For orders outside USA, the item will be shipped from our warehouse in Hong Kong. 1. e-Express Service with online tracking delivery, 7 - 14 working days to the below countries : Australia, New Zealand, United Kingdom, Germany, Russia, Singapore, Canada, France, Norway, South Korea, Vietnam, Brazil, Netherland, Sweden, Denmark, Israel, Japan, Switzerland 2.
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Lynette P. from Australia
Alison H. from Singapore
Margaret I. from Malaysia
Scott M. from Hong Kong
Miranda L. from Singapore
Janese W. from China
Nothing to wow about for this resort. Location is far from food areas. Only 3 restaurants outside of resort to choose from. Resort food is average. Nevertheless my kids had fun with the pool slide. Reviewed June 25, 2016
mehdi M. from Macau
Type of food is limited and too many mosquitoes. Nice pool and facility. Minutes away from beatiful Kampala beach. Reviewed June 21, 2016

value: This website is a Singaporean online travel agency and metasearch engine for hotels, vacation rentals, flights, and airport transfer. It is owned by Agoda Company Pte.


text:
A perfect location, wonderful people, excellent... - Review of Lalapanzi Lodge - TripAdvisor
Sir Lowry's Pass Travel Guide
All Sir Lowry's Pass Hotels
“Dont forget to explore the wedderwill estate...”
“The breakfast was very good - but bettered by...”
“Thanks to the staff of Lalapanzi for their...”
“What an amazing location - mountains on the one...”
“Close to the Stellenbosch wine route but also...”
“We loved the location,house well...”
“Thank you to each of you! We had a fanstastic...”
“Location, ambience, accommodation, food...”
“All the other staff were friendly, the breakfast...”
“The Lalapanzi Lodge has it all - fantastic...”
“Thank you the staff that made this an awesome...”
“We also had dinner in your restaurant for some...”
“The rooms were all beautifully and tastefully...”
A perfect location, wonderful people, excellent... - Review of Lalapanzi Lodge
“A PERFECT PLACE ON EARTH !!!!”
Review of Lalapanzi Lodge
Farm 3, Wedderwill Estate | PO Box 3794, Sir Lowry's Pass 7130, South Africa |
Ranked #1 of 2 Sir Lowry's Pass B&B and Inns
A PERFECT PLACE ON EARTH !!!!
If we could ever choose a place where we would want to live, this would definitely be Lalapanzi !
A perfect location, wonderful people, excellent facilities, beauty all around you!!!
Thank you Marie and Ian for creating Paradise!!!
Lalapanzi we miss you a lot! We can't wait to see you again!
Alisa&Elena
Ask Alisa T about Lalapanzi Lodge
2 Thank Alisa T
There are newer reviews for Lalapanzi Lodge
This is a remarkable place - and in every sense positive.
First, the location. if you only have a short time to spend in SA it is an ideal location. You can get the feel of the 'real' Africa here and yet still be within easy striking distance of Cape Town. From Lalapanzi you have fast and easy access to the beaches and the winelands, whereas if you stay in the city you will have city traffic to contend with (and waste time) if you want to explore some of the other regional attractions. Lalapanzi, situated in the hills overlooking False Bay could not be better situated and it offers real peace and quite in a stunningly attractive environment, where you can either go on trips to other places or just stay 'at home' and walk or whatever through the vineyards and fynbos.
The hotel itself is *first class*. Clean and fresh accommodation and a very relaxed and informal atmosphere. We stayed in one of the rooms in the main building. It had stunning views over the bay and had private access on one side and a private patio area at the other side (again overlooking the bay).
Breakfast was excellent: a choice of continental items and cooked items to order. Bliss to eat this outside on the veranda.
Evening meals, which can be booked in advance, were superb. Rose, who took excellent care of us for evening meals, is a skillful cook. It was no problem to request vegetarian meals and one evening she even made me, on request, my favorite veggie meal. Absolutely faultless service.
The whole team at Lalapanzi work hard to ensure high standards and the service is personal, though unobtrusive. No hesitations in recommending Lalapanzi. We will definitely return!
Ask Kitale about Lalapanzi Lodge
2 Thank Kitale
We rented a lodge for 5 days and it was everything we hoped for. The welcome was friendly and the staff so accommodating. A top venue for walks, relaxation and time out watching perfect views. We watched owls at night and walked amongst fauna and flora. Aunty Rose was a joy and we had such a lovely, fun filled dinner at the restaurant. We would recommend this wonderful place to everyone. Thank you for such a lovely stay.
Ask Leigh_Ann_12 about Lalapanzi Lodge
2 Thank Leigh_Ann_12
Beautiful location and superb views. Very comfortable accommodation - ideal for those wishing to relax and get away from it all, but also to be within easy striking distance of places of interest in the Cape Town/Somerset West/Stellenbosch area.
Our thanks to the whole staff for making us feel at home and of course to Rose for her superb cooking - those Michelin star chefs could learn a thing or two from her simple but exquisitely presented food - and the flavor - wow!!
We would definitely come back and recommend this place to all!
Ask Paul L about Lalapanzi Lodge
voile_12
Beautiful location, very nice and comfortable room and the perfect place to relax and also to explore the surrounding area. Thanks to the whole staff for the ideas what to do and where to go and also thanks to Rose for the good cooking. We enjoyed the Lalapanzi Lodge so much that we would definitely come back!
Ask voile_12 about Lalapanzi Lodge
2 Thank voile_12
This is the most beautiful hotel, in the most gorgeous setting you can imagine. There can't be many places where you have forest, mountain, sea view all in one place. The rooms were gorgeous - very comfortable indeed, and of course surrounded by trees while also looking over the bay. Every time we drove back up to the lodge, we found the drive exhilarating, going higher and higher, round those bends.
Looking back, we think it would have suited us more to have self-catering facilities, but Rose was brilliant in supplying us with plates, cutlery, and milk, bless her.
Even though at first glance it seems a little out of the way, we found it perfectly placed to visit Cape Town, beautiful parts of the southern coast, the gorgeous roads through the wine region, and also driving through the small township of Sir Lowry's pass should not be missed - we should be reminded how a lot of African people are living their lives, and it's fantastic that the owners support several local resources. And thank you to owners and staff for telling us about local places and events, which we enjoyed hugely. Noticed that one wine on the wine list in a small village pub near my home in the UK, was from the Waterkloof Estate! Yay!!!!
We had been travelling huge distances across South Africa during our months' trip, and it was perfect to base ourselves for the final few days in this beautiful place and explore yet more wonderful places round about.
Ask Lynne M about Lalapanzi Lodge
Perfect place to find your soul! (and enjoy the Cape!)
Lalapanzi tick all the boxes for service, friendliness, hospitality, cleanliness, environmental awareness, etc. But what makes this lodge special is the little piece of paradise you get along with your room rate. Great walks in nature in a safe and beautiful safe and private wine estate with magnificent mountain and sea views, lakes, horses, vineyards, etc. The fresh aroma of the pine forest, beautiful fauna and flora (fynbos), well maintained roads and completely noise free! About 10 minutes drive to the main road that takes you to many scenic places, Cape Town, the Overberg, Strand, etc. The view from one's room extends to the whole of False Bay up to Table Mountain and perfect sunsets! Many birds which include large birds of prey (also saw some owls fishing in the pond in front of the lodge). Rose and staff attends to all your needs and the owners are very hospitable. Don't miss out on their own estate wine in the mini-bar (Skaap wine) which goes down well when the sun sets. I will be back.
Room Tip: If mobility and stairs are a problem, request a room on the ground floor and breakfast on your own p...
Ask MyGeld about Lalapanzi Lodge
2 Thank MyGeld
Also consider these accommodations in or near Sir Lowry's Pass
#7 of 27 in Gordon's Bay
#2 of 2 in Sir Lowry's Pass
#2 of 82 in Somerset West
#7 of 82 in Somerset West
Been to Lalapanzi Lodge? Share your experiences!
Additional Information about Lalapanzi Lodge
Address: Farm 3, Wedderwill Estate | PO Box 3794, Sir Lowry's Pass 7130, South Africa
Location: South Africa > Western Cape > Sir Lowry's Pass
Ranked #1 of 2 B&Bs / Inns in Sir Lowry's Pass
Hotel Class:4 star — Lalapanzi Lodge 4*
Lalapanzi is a family-run guesthouse and vineyard situated in the unspoiled natural surrounding of the Cape Winelands. Our 17 ha farm is set on an exclusive private estate 330 m above sea level surrounded by forest, fynbos, vineyards and mountains but with the convenience of being close (6km) to the shops, restaurants, and cafes of Somerset West. Guests can choose between luxury B&B rooms/suite in the Main Lodge (5 rooms) or a private self-catering lodge (2 lodges) set in its own grounds. Lalapanzi Lodge is 10-15 minutes drive from the beach, 40 minutes from Cape Town Airport and 50 minutes from Cape Town city centre. ... more less
TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Booking.com, Expedia, Hotels.com, Travelocity, Priceline, Orbitz, Cancelon, Hotwire and Agoda so you can book your Lalapanzi Lodge reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.


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Map, German, Library of Congress Online Catalog, Afghanistan, Image, Balochistan, Geographisches Institut (Weimar, Thuringia, Germany), Pakistan, Weiland, C. F. (Carl Ferdinand) | Library of Congress
Results: 1-1 of 1 | Refined by: Original Format: Map Remove Language: German Remove Part of: Library of Congress Online Catalog Remove Location: Afghanistan Remove Online Format: Image Remove Location: Balochistan Remove Contributor: Geographisches Institut (Weimar, Thuringia, Germany) Remove Location: Pakistan Remove Contributor: Weiland, C. F. (Carl Ferdinand) Remove

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All-party delegation to Kashmir must not be photo-op: Yechury | india news | Hindustan Times
All-party delegation to Kashmir must not be photo-op: Yechury
Three days before the all-partyh delegation leaves for the Valley, CPM chief Sitaram Yechury said the Centre must ensure the trip “doesn’t turn into a mere photo-op”
india Updated: Sep 01, 2016 22:22 IST
Saubhadra Chatterji and Rajesh Ahuja
CPM chief Sitaram Yechury (centre) interacts with home minister Rajnath Singh outside Parliament.(Vipin Kumar/HT PHOTO)
A twenty-seven-member all-party delegation to Kashmir was finalised on Thursday.
Home minister Rajnath Singh and finance minister Arun Jaitley will lead the delegation that will reach the Valley on September 4.
Junior minister in the Prime Minister’s office and MP from Jammu, Jitendra Singh, will also be a part of the team that will comprise of leaders like CPM chief Sitaram Yechury, leader of Opposition in Rajya Sabha Ghulam Nabi Azad, head of AIMIM Asaduddin Owaisi and JDU president Sharad Yadav.
Three days before the delegation leaves for the Valley, Yechury said the Centre must ensure the trip “doesn’t turn into a mere photo-op”.
Yechury had met separatist leader Syed Ali Shah Geelani in 2010 when the UPA government sent a team amid clashes between civilians and security forces.
He said, “I have insisted that talks must take place with all stakeholders, including Hurriyat leaders. The government must make it clear (sic) what is the agenda of the visit and what do we want to achieve?”
The CPI(M) leader also wants the Centre to lay the ground for talks by “formally inviting all stakeholders through letters” for a dialogue with the delegation led by home minister Rajnath Singh.
Defending his demand to meet the separatists when the Centre had stayed away from involving the Hurriyat leadership from talks on Kashmir, Yechury said, “If I talk to Geelani, it doesn’t mean I am going to accept his arguments. Last time also, he said what he felt right and I said what I thought to be correct.”
First Published: Sep 01, 2016 22:22 IST

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Tuesday, October 10, 2006; 8:08 PM
WASHINGTON -- North Korea's apparent nuclear weapons test may bear out the warnings of Bush administration hard-liners that the reclusive regime can never be trusted, but it also forces an examination of whether the silent treatment those same hard-liners have given North Korea for years has backfired.
Convinced that the Clinton administration got conned when it offered carrots to the North Koreans, the Bush administration has offered mostly sticks. The White House has firmly withheld the biggest carrot of all _ direct, one-on-one talks between Washington and Pyongyang.
One interpretation of this week's test holds that it is North Korea's latest and most alarming attempt to get Washington's attention.
"The United States tried direct dialogue with the North Koreans in the '90s, and that resulted in the North Koreans signing onto agreements that they then didn't keep," Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice said during an interview Tuesday on CNN.
"The North Koreans would like to make this about the United States, and I prefer that the Chinese and the South Koreans and the Japanese are saying the same thing to the North Koreans today that we are saying," said Assistant Secretary of State Christopher Hill, Rice's top negotiator for North Korea.
For now, U.S. officials are pushing for tough sanctions at the U.N. Security Council, and the United States hasn't ruled out taking other steps on its own, such as intercepting ships entering or leaving North Korean ports.

value: This website is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C. It is the most-widely circulated newspaper within the Washington metropolitan area, and has a large national audience. Daily broadsheet editions are printed for D.C., Maryland, and Virginia.


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Patent US7769992 - File manipulation during early boot time - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA system and method for enabling access to user-level data is described. One embodiment includes accessing user-level data associated with a kernel-level function using a portable executable (PE) file. The user-level data is accessed during a boot-time of a computer. In this embodiment, the PE file is...http://www.google.com/patents/US7769992?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7769992 - File manipulation during early boot timeAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS7769992 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 11/465,680Publication dateAug 3, 2010Filing dateAug 18, 2006Priority dateAug 18, 2006Fee statusPaidAlso published asUS8065514, US8140839, US8635438, US20080046709, US20100306522, US20100313006, US20120166782Publication number11465680, 465680, US 7769992 B2, US 7769992B2, US-B2-7769992, US7769992 B2, US7769992B2InventorsMin WangOriginal AssigneeWebroot Software, Inc.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (61), Non-Patent Citations (14), Referenced by (2), Classifications (13), Legal Events (3) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetFile manipulation during early boot timeUS 7769992 B2Abstract A system and method for enabling access to user-level data is described. One embodiment includes accessing user-level data associated with a kernel-level function using a portable executable (PE) file. The user-level data is accessed during a boot-time of a computer. In this embodiment, the PE file is also accessed using the computer.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to data access on a computer. In particular, but not by way of limitation, the present invention relates to methods for enabling access to user-level data during boot-time.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION User-level applications and/or kernel-level drivers are often configured to use data of an operating system (OS) of a computer in order to function properly. In many instances, the applications and/or drivers directly access the data, use references to the data, or use data that corresponds with the data (e.g., copy of the data). References and/or data that corresponds with data is often hard-coded into user-level applications and/or kernel-level drivers because the actual data of the OS is not always readily accessible by these applications/drivers when needed. Some data, for example, can only be readily accessed and/or used at specific times during a boot-up sequence of the OS and/or during terminal services after login. For example, user-level data/files cannot be readily accessed during early-boot time because file system drivers that enable the reading of user-level data/files have not been loaded
DETAILED DESCRIPTION According to several embodiments, the present invention enables access to user-level data that is associated with one or more kernel-level functions during early boot-time of a computer system. User-level data is data in a user-level file that is generally available, for example, to a user-level application only after a computer system has booted-up. User-level files are not available to, for example, a device driver during early-boot time because file system drivers that enable the reading of user-level files have not been loaded. Early boot-time is a time during a boot-up sequence of a computer system when files such as portable executable (PE) files are being loaded as boot-files by a boot loader of an operating system (OS) of the computer system before the OS (and file system drivers) has been entirely loaded. Typically only PE files (e.g., executable file, system file, or dynamic link library (DLL) file) such as kernel-level drivers (e.g., system drivers) are loaded during boot-time as boot-files.
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http://home.arcor.de/scheinsicherheit/d11.htm 13 pgs.7Microsoft.com, How To Subclass A Window in Windows 95, Article ID 125680, Jul. 11, 2005, 2 pgs.8MSDN, Win32 Hooks by Kyle Marsh, Jul. 29, 1993, 15 pgs.9PCT Search Report, PCT/US05/34874, Jul. 5, 2006, 7 Pages.10U.S. Appl. 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No. 11/482,903, filed Jul. 7, 2006, Patrick Sprowls.14Yurcik, William et al., A Planning Framework for Implementing Virtual Private Networks, Jun. 2001, IT Pro, IEEE, pp. 41-44.Referenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS8479292 *Nov 19, 2010Jul 2, 2013Symantec CorporationDisabling malware that infects boot driversUS8635438Mar 6, 2012Jan 21, 2014Webroot Inc.Method and system of file manipulation during early boot time by accessing user-level data associated with a kernel-level function* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification713/2, 726/22, 713/1, 726/24International ClassificationG06F12/14, G06F9/24, G06F12/16, G06F15/177, G06F9/00Cooperative ClassificationG06F9/4403, G06F21/575European ClassificationG06F21/57B, G06F9/44A1Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionJan 22, 2014FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Oct 2, 2012ASAssignmentOwner name: WEBROOT INC., COLORADOFree format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:WEBROOT SOFTWARE, INC.;REEL/FRAME:029066/0457Effective date: 20111219Aug 18, 2006ASAssignmentOwner name: WEBROOT SOFTWARE, INC., COLORADOFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:WANG, MIN;REEL/FRAME:018142/0166Effective date: 20060815RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services©2012 Google

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24-hour business center 24-hour front desk Arcade/game room Area shuttle (surcharge) ATM/banking Computer station Dry cleaning/laundry service Elevator/lift Express check-out Fitness facilities Free self parking Free WiFi Gift shops or newsstand Laundry facilities Luggage storage Multilingual staff Number of buildings/towers - 2 Outdoor pool Safe-deposit box at front desk Shopping center shuttle (surcharge) Smoke-free property Spa tub Television in common areas Theme park shuttle (surcharge) Total number of rooms - 190 Tours/ticket assistance Train station pickup (surcharge) Year Built 2001 Show all hotel amenities
Arcade/game room Cribs/infant beds (complimentary) Free Wi-Fi Laundry facilities Microwave (on request) Outdoor pool Refrigerator Internet
The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check-in, or check-out. Late check-out fee: USD 50 Refrigerator fee: USD 15 per nightIn-room microwave fee: USD 15 per nightRollaway bed fee: USD 15.00 per night The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change.

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Chapter XVII for The Jewel of Seven Stars - Bram Stoker
Welcome to Scribd, the world's digital library. Read, publish, and share books and documents. See moreDownloadStandard viewFull view of .Save to My LibraryLook up keyword or sectionLike thisShare on social networks0Activity×Share to your social networks.TweetEmbedTable Of ContentsChapter IChapter IIIChapter IVChapter VChapter VIChapter VIIChapter VIIIChapter IXChapter XChapter XIChapter XIIChapter XIIIChapter XIVChapter XVChapter XVIChapter XVIIChapter XVIIIChapter XIX 113Chapter XIX 114Chapter XIX 115Chapter XIX 116Chapter XIX 117Chapter XIX 118Chapter XIX 119Chapter XIX 120Chapter XIX 1210 of .Results for: No results containing your search query{{& result_text }}
P. 1The Jewel of Seven Stars - Bram StokerThe Jewel of Seven Stars - Bram StokerRatings: (0)|Views: 467|Likes: 0Published by MythbusterGothic Novel by Bram Stoker, also author of "Dracula," and "The Lair of the White Worm."Gothic Novel by Bram Stoker, also author of "Dracula," and "The Lair of the White Worm."More info:Categories:Topics, Books - FictionPublished by: Mythbuster on Jan 10, 2013Copyright:Attribution Non-commercialAvailability:Read on Scribd mobile: iPhone, iPad and Android.download as PDF, TXT or read online from ScribdFlag for inappropriate content|Add to collectionSee moreSee lesshttp://www.scribd.com/doc/119827790/The-Jewel-of-Seven-Stars-Bram-Stoker01/10/2013pdftextoriginal The Jewel of Seven StarsChapter IChapter IChapter IIIChapter IIIChapter IVChapter IVChapter VChapter VChapter VIChapter VIChapter VIIChapter VIIChapter VIIIChapter VIIIChapter IXChapter IXChapter XChapter XChapter XIChapter XIChapter XIIChapter XIIChapter XIIIChapter XIIIChapter XIVChapter XIVChapter XVChapter XVChapter XVIChapter XVIChapter XVIIChapter XVII
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The Book of Revelation by Clarence Larkin | 2940013174030 | NOOK Book (eBook) | Barnes & Noble
The Book of Revelation (Illustrated with TOC)
Rev. Clarence Larkin (1850–1924) was an American Baptist pastor, Bible teacher and author whose writings on Dispensationalism had a great impact on conservative Protestant visual culture in the 20th century. His intricate and influential charts provided readers with a visual strategy for mapping God's action in history and for interpreting complex biblical…
The Book of Revelation (Illustrated with TOC) available in
Rev. Clarence Larkin (1850–1924) was an American Baptist pastor, Bible teacher and author whose writings on Dispensationalism had a great impact on conservative Protestant visual culture in the 20th century. His intricate and influential charts provided readers with a visual strategy for mapping God's action in history and for interpreting complex biblical prophecies. Larkin, a kind and gentle man, deplored the tendency of writers to say uncharitable things about each other, so he earnestly sought to avoid criticisms and to satisfy himself with simply presenting his understanding of the Scriptures. During the last five years of his life, the demand for Larkin's books made it necessary for him to give up the pastorate and devote his full time to writing. He died on January 24, 1924.Larkin was one of the most widely influential thinkers on end-times prophecies of the early 20th century, and his writings remain vital to appreciating the apocalyptic Christian thought that today enjoys widespread popularity. Larkin wrote The Book of Revelation, which serves as a study guide for the Book of Revelation, the Bible's prophetic final chapter. Larkin explains the concepts of the Beast and the False Prophet, the Seven Seals and the Seven Trumpets, and the importance of the Book of Daniel in understanding the Rapture. Charts and illustrations depict the "Pale Horse Rider," "Daniel's Four Wild Beasts," "Egyptian Plagues Compared," and more.This edition of The Book of Revelation is specially formatted with a Table of Contents and includes dozens of illustrations. Read More
2940013174030
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United Equipment Rental Locations & Hours Near Treynor, IA - YP.com
Treynor, IA United Equipment Rental
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value: This website is a United States-based web site operated by YP Holdings that provides listings for local businesses. In 2013 it was re-branded as YP.com or simply "YP".