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Van Buren Place Historic District - Wikipedia
House in Van Buren Place Historic District
2620--2657 Van Buren Pl., West Adams, Los Angeles, California
34°1′55″N 118°17′45″W / 34.03194°N 118.29583°W / 34.03194; -118.29583Coordinates: 34°1′55″N 118°17′45″W / 34.03194°N 118.29583°W / 34.03194; -118.29583
Clark,Percy H.,Co.,Inc.
Bungalow/Craftsman, Shingle Style
89001103 [1]
The Van Buren Place Historic District, located in the West Adams section of Los Angeles, California, is a Historic District listed in the National Register of Historic Places. The district is located in the 2600 block of Van Buren Place and consists of Craftsman, Shingle-Craftsman and Tudor-Craftsman style homes built between 1903 and 1916. The area was founded by Percy H. Clark who built six of the homes. The district is significant, for the purpose of the National Register Historic District designation, in the area of community planning and development and the area of architecture.
Gate to Van Buren Place
House in 2600 block of Van Buren Place
[1] Bob Pool, "This Old House: Former Drug Hub Draws Attention on Tour of Homes," Los Angeles Times, page 1
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Van_Buren_Place_Historic_District&oldid=791065339"
Shingle Style architecture in California
This page was last edited on 17 July 2017, at 22:40.

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Amazon.co.uk: pilspics' review of Canon EOS 60D Digital SLR Camera (Inc EF-S...
grip came off as soon as I took it out of the box, 3 Feb 2011
By pilspics
The 60D was my second dslr in the space of a couple of weeks. The 1st being a Pentax K7 that went back for refund to Jessops because of purple and green banding on pictures. I decided to spend more money and order the 60D from Amazon because I've used Canon 35mm film cameras for years with no problems.However, I didn't shoot a single frame with the 60D because as soon as I took it out of the box I noticed that the thumb grip was begining to peel off. I Googled this problem and I found others have had similar experiences. When I checked the grip around the shutter button, that was coming away as well.A tiny amount of pressure caused nearly the whole thumb grip to peel off revealing poorly spread and non-sticky glue (as well as a small square hole behind which I could see circuitry).I've used the Amazon return service which so far has gone smoothly. Am waiting for the refund.I'm sure the camera takes great pictures, but I have real concerns about the build quality after this experience. A camera of this price just should not have issues like this.
Canon EOS 60D Digital SLR Camera (Inc EF-S 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6 IS Lens Kit) B0040X3DY8
grip came off as soon as I took it out of the box
Initial post: 26 Jun 2011 04:47:04 BDT
G. Pakhrin Lama says:
New camera should not have any problem but if any natural problem company should be refund it.
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Patent US20030185164 - Low cost interoperable satellite digital audio radio service (sdars ... - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA system and method for simultaneously receiving first and second ensembles. The first ensemble includes a first signal from a first satellite, a first signal from a second satellite and a first signal from a terrestrial repeater. Likewise, the said second ensemble includes a second signal from the first...http://www.google.com/patents/US20030185164?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US20030185164 - Low cost interoperable satellite digital audio radio service (sdars) receiver architectureAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS20030185164 A1Publication typeApplicationApplication numberUS 09/318,296Publication dateOct 2, 2003Filing dateMay 25, 1999Priority dateMay 25, 1999Also published asUS6823169Publication number09318296, 318296, US 2003/0185164 A1, US 2003/185164 A1, US 20030185164 A1, US 20030185164A1, US 2003185164 A1, US 2003185164A1, US-A1-20030185164, US-A1-2003185164, US2003/0185164A1, US2003/185164A1, US20030185164 A1, US20030185164A1, US2003185164 A1, US2003185164A1InventorsPaul Marko, David Brown, Craig WadinOriginal AssigneePaul Marko, David Brown, Craig WadinExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManReferenced by (4), Classifications (7), Legal Events (15) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetLow cost interoperable satellite digital audio radio service (sdars) receiver architectureUS 20030185164 A1Abstract A system and method for simultaneously receiving first and second ensembles. The first ensemble includes a first signal from a first satellite, a first signal from a second satellite and a first signal from a terrestrial repeater. Likewise, the said second ensemble includes a second signal from the first satellite, a second signal from the second satellite and a second signal from the terrestrial repeater. The inventive receiver further includes a mechanism for selectively outputting signals transmitted within the first and second ensembles. In the illustrative embodiment, the first signal from the second satellite is identical to the first signal from the first satellite. Similarly, the first signal from the terrestrial repeater is identical to the first signal from the first satellite. In addition, a novel frequency plan is employed by which the carrier signal associated with the second satellite is disposed between the carrier signal associated with the first satellites and the carrier signal associated with the terrestrial repeater. Images(13) Claims(21)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0014]FIG. 1 is an illustrative implementation of a satellite digital audio service (SDARS) system architecture constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. [0015]FIG. 2 is a diagram which illustrates the system of FIG. 1 in greater detail. [0016]FIG. 3a is a diagram which depicts a frequency plan for a two-satellite SDARS broadcast system utilizing the XM band in accordance with the present teachings. [0017]FIG. 3b is a diagram which depicts the frequency plan of FIG. 3a centered at baseband. [0018]FIG. 4a is a diagram which depicts the CD Radio frequency plan. [0019]FIG. 4b is a diagram which depicts the CD Radio frequency plan of FIG. 4a centered at baseband. [0020]FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an illustrative implementation of an SDARS receiver constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. [0021]FIG. 6 is a detailed view of a receiver capable of receiving a single ensemble only. [0022]FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of an SDARS receiver of the present invention. [0023]FIG. 8 is an alternative embodiment of the SDARS receiver of FIG. 7. [0024]FIG. 9 is a block diagram of second alternative embodiment of the SDARS receiver of the present invention. [0025]FIG. 10 is a block diagram of an alternative preferred embodiment of an SDARS receiver incorporating the teachings of the present invention. [0026]FIG. 11 is a diagram which illustrates the benefits of direct digital conversion. [0027]FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an XM full waveform receiver adapted to receive audio and data simultaneously. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0028] Illustrative embodiments and exemplary applications will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings to disclose the advantageous teachings of the present invention. [0029] An illustrative implementation of a satellite digital audio service (SDARS) system architecture is depicted in FIG. 1. The system 10 includes first and second geostationary satellites 12 and 14 which transmit line-of-sight (LOS) signals to SDARS receivers located on the surface of the earth. The satellites provide for interleaving and spatial diversity. (Those skilled in the art will appreciate that in the alternative, the signals from the two satellites could be delayed to provide time diversity.) The system 10 further includes plural terrestrial repeaters 16 which receive and retransmit the satellite signals to facilitate reliable reception in geographic areas where LOS reception from the satellites is obscured by tall buildings, hills, tunnels and other obstructions. The signals transmitted by the satellites 12 and 14 and the repeaters 16 are received by SDARS receiver 20. As depicted in FIG. 1, the receivers 20 may be located in automobiles, handheld or stationary units for home or office use. The SDARS receivers 20 are designed to receive one or both of the satellite signals and the signals from the terrestrial repeaters and combine or select one of the signals as the receiver output as discussed more fully below. [0030]FIG. 2 is a diagram which illustrates the system 10 of FIG. 1 in greater detail with a single satellite and a single terrestrial repeater FIG. 2 shows a broadcast segment 22 and a terrestrial repeater segment 24. In the preferred embodiment, an incoming bit stream is encoded into a time division multiplexed (TDM) signal using a coding scheme such as MPEG by an encoder 26 of conventional design. The TDM bit stream is upconverted to RF by a conventional quadrature phase-shift keyed (QPSK) modulator 28. The upconverted TDM bit stream is then uplinked to the satellites 12 and 14 by an antenna 30. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the broadcast segment shown. Other systems may be used to provide signals to the satellites without departing from the scope of the present teachings. [0031] The satellites 12 and 14 act as bent pipes and retransmit the uplinked signal to terrestrial repeaters 18 and portable receivers 20. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the terrestrial repeater includes a receiver demodulator 34, a de-interleaver and reformatter 35, a terrestrial waveform modulator 36 and a frequency translator and amplifier 38. The receiver and demodulator 34 downconverts the downlinked signal to a TDM bitstream. The de-interleaver and reformatter 35 reorders the TDM bitstream for the terrestrial waveform. The digital baseband signal is then applied to a terrestrial waveform modulator 36 (e.g. MCM or multiple carrier modulator) and then frequency translated to a carrier frequency prior to transmission. [0032] As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the strength of the signal received close to the terrestrial repeaters will be higher than that received at a more distant location. A concern is that the terrestrial signal might interfere with the reception of the satellite signals by the receivers 30. For this reason, in the best mode, a novel frequency plan such as that described below is utilized. [0033]FIG. 3a is a diagram which depicts a frequency plan for a two-satellite SDARS broadcast system utilizing the XM band 40 in accordance with the present teachings. Each satellite transmits ensemble A and ensemble B. In accordance with the novel frequency plan of the present invention, two frequency slots 42 and 48 centered at frequencies 43 and 49 are assigned to the first satellite 12 and two frequency slots 44 and 46 centered at frequencies 45 and 47 are assigned to the second satellite 14. In addition, two frequency slots 50 and 52 centered at frequencies 51 and 53 are assigned to the terrestrial repeaters 18. Three frequency slots 42, 44 and 50 each carry identical program content assigned to ensemble A and the three frequency slots 48, 46 and 52 each carry identical program content assigned to ensemble B. As mentioned above, the repeaters 18 retransmit the signals received from satellite 12 as illustrated in FIG. 2. [0034] Returning to FIG. 3a, note that the frequency slots 42 and 48 associated with the satellite 12 are separated from the frequency slots 50 and 52 associated with the terrestrial repeaters 18 by the frequency slots 44 and 46 associated with satellite 14. In this manner, any satellite interference created by a terrestrial repeater transmission will primarily impact only the signal from satellite 14 and not the signal from satellite 12. As will be appreciated by those skilled in this art, this facilitates reliable reception by a receiver even while located in close proximity to a terrestrial repeater. [0035]FIG. 4a is a diagram which depicts the CD Radio frequency plan and FIG. 4b is a diagram which depicts the CD Radio frequency plan of FIG. 4a centered at baseband. As depicted in FIGS. 4a and 4b, the three signals contain identical program content. The terrestrial signal is at the center of the band with the signals from the satellites on either side. [0036]FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an illustrative implementation of an SDARS receiver constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. The receiver 20 includes an antenna module 100, an RF tuner module 200, a channel decoder 300, a source decoder 400, a digital control and status interface bus 600, system controller 500, data interface 700, audio output circuit 800, power supply 900, and a user interface 1000. [0037] In order to appreciate the present teachings, reference is made to FIG. 6. FIG. 6 is a detailed view of antenna module 100′ and tuner module 200′ capable of receiving a single ensemble only. In the preferred embodiment, the system disclosed in FIG. 6 is implemented in accordance with the teachings of U.S. patent application No. ______, entitled Tuner Architecture for Satellite and Terrestrial Reception of Signals, filed ______ by P. Marko and A. Nguyen (Atty Docket No. XM-0003), the teachings of which are incorporated herein by reference. The signal received by the antenna 110′ of the antenna module 100′ is amplified by a first low noise amplifier 122′ prior to being input to a first image filter 124′. The output of the first image filter 124′ is input to a second low noise amplifier 126′. The output of the second low noise amplifier 126′ is fed back to the first low noise amplifier 122′ via an automatic gain control (AGC) circuit 128′ for gain stabilization as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. The output of the second low noise amplifier 126′ constitutes the output of the antenna module 100′ and is input to the tuner module 200′ via an RF cable 130′. [0038] In the tuner module 200′, a second image filter 201′ receives the RF signal from the cable 130′ and provides an input to a third low noise amplifier 202′. The output of the third low noise amplifier 202′ is input to a first mixer 208′. The first mixer is driven by a dual resonator voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) 209′. A dual resonator VCO is required in order to switch between the two ensembles. A splitter 225′ supplies the output of the first mixer 208′ to first and second intermediate frequency (IF) amplifiers 227′ and 229′. The first IF amplifier 227′ is disposed in a terrestrial repeater signal processing path 231′ and the second IF amplifier 229′ is disposed in a second satellite signal processing path 233′. [0039] In each path 212′ or 214′, a surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter is disposed. The first SAW filter 212′ isolates the signals from a selected ensemble received from a terrestrial repeater. The second SAW filter 214′ isolates the signals from a selected ensemble received from both satellites. The output of the first SAW filter 212′ and 214′ is input to a back end integrated circuit (IC) which mixes the filtered signal down from a first intermediate frequency (IF1) to a second intermediate frequency (IF2). For example, for the terrestrial arm 231′, IF1 may be 209.760 MHz and IF2 2.99 MHz. [0040] In the satellite arm 233′, the SAW filter is adapted to isolate the signals from a selected ensemble received from both satellites. For the satellite arm 233′, IF1 may be 206.655 MHz and IF2 6.095 MHz. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the frequencies illustrated in the present disclosure. The outputs of the backend ICs 235′ and 237′ are output to analog-to-digital (A/D) converters as per the embodiment of FIG. 5 for digital processing. A channel decoder 300′ (not shown) digitally separates and decodes the two satellite channels. [0041] In addition to the use of a single SAW filter to process the two satellite signals, a novel aspect of the embodiment of FIG. 6 is that since the satellite and terrestrial signals for ensemble A are the mirror image of the satellite and terrestrial signals for ensemble B, both signals can be received by using high side and low side injection into the first mixer 208′ using 221′ driven by the switched VCO 219′ . See the above-referenced patent application filed by P. Marko and A. Nguyen (Atty Docket No. XM-0003) for a detailed discussion of this feature. [0042] While the architecture of FIG. 6 is well adapted to receive a single ensemble at a time, in order to receive two ensembles at a time, it would be necessary to double the number of back ends (including the first mixer and every component thereafter). [0043]FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of an SDARS receiver of the present invention. In the preferred embodiment, the full 12.5 MHz XM band containing the first and second ensembles are received in the receiver 200 via the antenna 110, a low noise amplifier 122 and an image filter 124 as per FIG. 5. The output of the image filter 124 is input to a first mixer 208. The first mixer 208 is driven by a VCO 221 which, in the illustrative embodiment, operates at a frequency of approximately 1600 MHz. The actual output frequency of the VCO 221 will be substantially equivalent to two-thirds of the center frequency of the full 12.5 MHz frequency band received at the antenna 110. If, for example, the center of the XM 12.5 MHz frequency band is 2338.750 MHz, the VCO should operate at two-thirds of 2338.750 MHz or 1559.167 MHz. The VCO is driven by a synthesizer 219. [0044] The mixer will have an approximate 800 MHz output which, in the illustrative embodiment, is filtered by a 12.5 MHz wide SAW filter 212. Note that the use of a single SAW filter in place of the two SAW filters 212′ and 214′ of FIG. 6 is one advantage of the implementation of FIG. 7. The SAW filter 212 serves to select the entire XM band 40 (see FIG. 3a) including both ensemble A and ensemble B. [0045] The output of the SAW filter 212 is input to an automatic gain controllable (AGC) amplifier 228. The gain of amplifier 228 is controlled by signal amplitude control stages (not shown) contained in demodulator blocks 317, 318 and 319. The output of the AGC amplifier 228 feeds quadrature mixers 230 and 232. The quad mixers 230 and 232 are driven in-phase at the IF frequency of 800 MHz with injection in quadrature. The injection signal is derived from the 1600 MHz signal output by the VCO 221 via a divide by 2 quad generator 234. Hence, the quad generator 234 serves as a quad local oscillator operating at 800 MHz. [0046] Recall that the output of the SAW filter is centered at 800 MHz in the illustrative embodiment. Consequently, the effect of mixing the output of the SAW filter with an 800 MHz signal is to mix the full 12.5 MHz band centered at the 800 MHz IF output of the SAW filter down to baseband (centered at 0 MHz IF). A graphical representation of this baseband signal can be seen in FIG. 3b. The two frequency slots assigned to satellite 12 are now centered at approximately �5.2925 MHz, the two slots assigned to satellite 14 are centered at approximately �3.4525 MHz and the two slots assigned to the terrestrial repeaters are centered at approximately �1.2625 MHz. [0047] Returning to FIG. 7, the outputs of the quad mixers 230 and 232 are amplified by post-mixer amplifiers 236 and 238 and input to low pass filters 240 and 242, respectively. The quadrature (complex) baseband signals will have a bandwidth from 0 to �6.25 MHz. Hence, the low pass filters should be designed to have a rolloff at a frequency of approximately 6.25 MHz or higher. The low pass filters 240 and 242 may be implemented with simplicity as one or two stage resistive/capacitive (RC) filters. [0048] The filtered I (in-phase) and Q (quadrature) signals, output by the filters 240 and 242, are digitized by analog to digital converters (ADCs) 224 and 226, respectively. In the illustrative embodiment, the ADCs must at a minimum be capable of digitizing signals in the frequency range of 0 to 6.25 MHz. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the outputs of the ADCs 224 and 226 constitute a digital complex baseband signal representing both ensembles (A and B) of the XM band and are ready for post processing. This digital representation can be applied to any of a number of digital selectivity elements. [0049] In FIG. 7, the channel decoder 300 is shown as having three branches 302, 304 and 306 for processing the signal from the terrestrial repeater 16, satellite 14 and satellite 12, respectively. Since channel decoder 300 in FIG. 7 contains only three branches, only a single ensemble (A or B) at a time may be decoded. As each branch is similar (the filter bandwidth for the terrestrial repeater is wider than the bandwidth for the satellite), only one is described below for brevity. Each branch includes a complex mixer 311 which may be implemented with two mixers 312 and 313 driven by a complex numerically controlled oscillator CNCO 314. The CNCO 314 is programmed to a frequency at the center of the frequency slot containing the satellite or terrestrial signal the branch is intended to receive. If for example branch 306 is intended to receive ensemble A of satellite 12, CNCO 314 would be tuned to approximately −5.29 MHz. With CNCO 314 tuned to −5.29 MHz and applied to complex mixer 311, the output of complex mixer 311 will contain the frequency slot assigned to ensemble A of satellite 12 centered at 0 MHz. [0050] System controller 500 (of FIG. 5) also serves to select ensemble A or ensemble B for further processing by tuning the CNCO 314 to negative frequencies for ensemble A and to positive frequencies for ensemble B. [0051] The digital low pass filters 315 and 316 act as channel or selectivity filters that remove the components relating to the other frequency slots in the 12.5 MHz band and any other residue that manages to pass the SAW filter 212. Hence, at this point, the signal for each branch for the selected ensemble (A or B) is isolated and ready for demodulation (signal extraction) by demodulators 317, 318, and 319 prior to being applied to a combiner 328. The combiner applies error correction decoding to each of the demodulator outputs and takes the best of the three signals for output. [0052] As illustrated in at the transport layer 320 in FIG. 5, in the preferred embodiment, the combiner uses a conventional Viterbi decoder (not shown) on soft decision bits from the first and second satellites 12 and 14 as, in the preferred embodiment, these signals are convolutionally encoded. Next, the Viterbi decoded signals are input to a Reed-Solomon decoder. The Reed-Solomon simply checks the validity or integrity of each codeword and applies corrections to a small percentage of errors. The RS decoded composite satellite signal is then ready for combination with the terrestrial repeater signal. (Those skilled in the art will appreciate that Viterbi decoders and Reed-Solomon decoders are well known in the art.) [0053] Returning to FIG. 7, the stream at the output of the combiner 328 represents the bitstream that is to be multiplexed in the manner described more fully below. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the receiver of FIG. 7 could be used to receive signals in the other assigned 12.5 Mhz band (presently allocated to CD Radio) by simply tuning to the �CD� band centered at 2326.25 MHz instead of the XM band centered at 2338.750 Mhz. This would satisfy an FCC requirement that radios sold by both companies be fully compatible across the entire 25 Mhz digital broadcast spectrum. The digital filters would have to have a wider passband and the demodulators would have be changed to accommodate the CD Radio frequency plan. In an interoperable receiver, these changes could be realized with programmable filters and demodulators or with separate filter and demodulator paths, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. [0054]FIG. 8 is an alternative embodiment of the SDARS receiver of FIG. 7. The embodiment 200* of FIG. 8 is essentially identical to that of FIG. 7 with the exception of the addition of a second VCO 235* and a second synthesizer 237*. In the illustrative embodiment of FIG. 8, the second VCO operates at 400 MHz. The use of two synthesizers eliminates the requirement that the 1st LO=⅔ the RF frequency. This allows for a lower frequency 1st IF which is programmable. [0055]FIG. 9 is a block diagram of second alternative embodiment of the SDARS receiver of the present invention. The embodiment of FIG. 9 is essentially the same as that of FIG. 7 with the exception that each channel of each ensemble is provided for separately. That is, instead of simply retuning each CNCO from one ensemble to the other, three additional branches are provided 301″, 303″, and 305″ and each CNCO 314 is tuned to a different channel for a single ensemble. With additional demodulators 322″, 323″, and 324″ and an additional combiner 328″ the system is capable of receiving both ensembles simultaneously. Both ensembles are received simultaneously without replication of the front end circuitry including SAW filters, synthesizers and analog mixers. Another advantage of the architecture of FIG. 9 is that the signal processing is implemented in the preferred embodiment in digital complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that a significant advantage of a digital CMOS implementation resides in the fact that a digital CMOS implementation is on a very fast cost reduction path. [0056]FIG. 10 is a block diagram of an alternative preferred embodiment of an SDARS receiver incorporating the teachings of the present invention. The receiver architecture 200′″ of FIG. 10 is similar to the receiver architecture 200″ of FIG. 9 with the exception that the receiver architecture 200′″ of FIG. 10 is a direct conversion architecture in which the SAW filter 212″ of FIG. 9 is eliminated. In addition, instead of using two local oscillators as per FIG. 9, the architecture of FIG. 10 employs a single local oscillator 221′″ which is driven to operate at twice the received frequency (e.g. 4800 Mhz in the illustrative embodiment) by a synthesizer 219′″ to provide a stable reference. (Those skilled in the art will appreciate that a crystal may be used for injection instead of a synthesizer, without departing from the scope of the present teachings, where the ability to move the reference frequency is not required.) The signal received by the antenna 110′″ is amplified by a low noise amplifier 122′″, input to a selectivity filter 124′″, amplified by an AGC amplifier 228′″ and applied to a quadrature mixers 230′″ and 232′″. Similar to the architecture of FIG. 9, the gain of amplifier 228 is controlled by signal amplitude control stages (not shown) contained in demodulator blocks 317, 318, 319, 322, 323 and 324. [0057] In the quadrature mixers 230′″ and 232′″, the RF signal, received at 2.4 GHz in the illustrative embodiment, is mixed with the 2.4 GHz quadrature local oscillator signals developed in quadrature generator 234′″ by dividing down the 4.8 GHz local oscillator signal. Consequently, the received RF signal is converted directly to baseband. With the direct conversion architecture of FIG. 10, no image filter is required (as would be the case with the superheterodyne receivers of FIGS. 7, 8 and 9) because the received signal is converted directly from RF frequency to baseband. [0058] In each embodiment, the synthesizer outputs a reference frequency in response to the system controller 500 of FIG. 5 and thereby selects the XM radio band or the CD radio band of the digital broadcast spectrum as discussed above. [0059] Returning to FIG. 10, the outputs of the quad mixers 230′″ and 232′″ are applied to post mixer amplifiers 236′″ and 238′″ and low pass filters 240′″ and 242′″. The low pass filters must be designed to handle the aliasing components which may be expected to result from an analog-to-digital conversion process implemented by ADCs 224′″ and 226′″. Low pass filters 240′″ and 242′″ will require a steeper rolloff than the low pass filters of FIG. 9, where additional anti-aliasing protection is available from SAW filter 212″. The output of the ADCs is a complex bit stream for processing in the manner described above with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. [0060] The architecture of FIG. 10 allows for the pursuit of improvements with respect to the tuner and the digital back end separately via a common interface 340′″. [0061] Those skilled in the art appreciate that analog mixing of RF signals to complex baseband for digital conversion has inherent limitations related to the dynamic range of the input signals. In practice, these limitations often steer the receiver designer to digital conversion at an intermediate frequency, as described in the architecture of FIG. 6, at the expense of higher cost and size. One such limitation of mixing analog signals to baseband is second order intermodulation products generated in the baseband mixers and post mixer amplifiers. These undesired products develop when two RF (or IF) signal components (f1 and f2) present at the mixer input self mix and the difference product (f1-f2) falls at baseband. If the amplitude of the difference product is sufficiently large, destructive interference with the desired baseband signal occurs. With the architecture of FIG. 7, SAW filter 212 protects the baseband mixers from strong interfering signals outside the XM band, which can create second order intermodulation products. Within the XM band, signals received from the satellites will have low signal amplitude which will not generate significant second order intermodulation products. In the scenario where the receiver is in close proximity to a terrestrial repeater, the repeater signal amplitude may be sufficient to generate significant second order intermodulation products. However, since the repeater signal contains program content identical to the satellite signal, in the event second order intermodulation products from the repeater interfere with the satellite signal, the signal recovered from the repeater will have more than sufficient amplitude to insure an error free bitstream is available to the end user. [0062] With the architecture of FIG. 10, the SAW filter is eliminated and close-in selectivity for second order intermodulation protection from out of band signals is not available. However, by direct translation of the full XM frequency band to 0 Hz, the low amplitude satellite signals are isolated in frequency from most second order intermodulation products generated from out-of-band single carrier interferers, such as MCM carriers. This is evident by referring to the frequency plan of FIG. 3b. Since the satellite 14 and satellite 12 receive slots are centered at �3.45 MHz and �5.29 MHz, after digital translation the satellite signals may be separated from lower frequency intermodulation products with the digital complex mixers and low pass filters described previously. [0063] A second limitation of analog mixing of RF signals to baseband is illustrated in FIG. 11. In FIG. 11a, two RF signals, S1 and S2, centered at frequencies F1 and F2, 5 respectively, are depicted with S2 having substantially larger amplitude than S1. [0064] Assuming S1 and S2 exist in the digital domain, FIG. 11a demonstrates the benefits of digital conversion to baseband. In FIG. 11b, a complex digital mixer has recentered the frequency band containing S1 and S2 to 0 MHz. Since digital mixers behave similar to ideal mixers, a substantially ideal replication of the RF spectrum exists at complex baseband after the digital frequency translation. [0065] As depicted in FIG. 11c, the conversion of RF signals S1 and S2 to baseband using analog conversion results in the creation of images about 0 Hz axis due to gain and/or phase imbalance in the I and Q complex signal paths. The imbalance may be due to many causes including imperfect device matching, layout asymmetries, mechanical and process variations in present production RF circuit technology. Best case I/Q matching with standard bipolar integrated circuit processing results in a minimum image attenuation in the range of 30-40 dB. Referring back to the example depicted in FIG. 11c, the image of the large amplitude signal S2 creates destructive interference for the small signal S1. [0066] Those skilled in the art appreciate that a receiver operating in a typical land mobile environment will encounter substantially large signal amplitude variations due to the varied proximity to terrestrial transmitters. A receiver architecture for multiple signal reception which includes an analog conversion to baseband stage would yield unacceptable interference protection due to the limited image rejection problem described above. The inventive receiver overcomes this limitation by symmetrically positioning the satellite signals about the 0 Hz axis. Since the XM satellite signals (or CD Radio satellite signals) are received on the ground with low margin (normally less than 15 dB), the signal dynamic range is limited such that the image created by a maximum amplitude satellite signal will not interfere with a low level satellite signal received at the minimum amplitude for detection. [0067]FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an XM full waveform receiver adapted to receive audio and data simultaneously. The signal from antenna 110″ is received by the receiver 200′″ of FIG. 10 or the receiver 200″ of FIG. 9. The outputs of the receiver 200′″ are first and second time-division multiplexed bitstreams A and B with approximately 100 channels of audio content and a number of data channels. The bitstreams are input to two types of demultiplexors broadcast 2010 and 2020 and data 2030 and 2040. Through a switch 2050, the user is able to select a broadcast channel from either ensemble A or B for listening pleasure as well as a data channel for informational purposes. [0068] Returning briefly to FIG. 5, in the channel decoder IC the output of the combiner 328 is input to a service layer decoder 330. In the service layer 330, a demultiplexor 332 decrypts and extracts the desired channel information and provides digital audio and data to a separate source decoder 400. The source decoder 400 provides digital audio to a digital-to-audio converter which applies an analog signal to an audio amplifier 840 and a speaker 860. The data may be sent to a separate data interface 700 for external output or internal use. The system controller 500 has a man-machine interface 540 that controls the user interface 1000. The interface 1000 also allows a user to control a conventional AM/FM radio, CD player or tape, the output of which is provided to the speaker 860 via the DAC 830 and amplifier/multiplexer 840. [0069] Thus, the present invention has been described herein with reference to a particular embodiment for a particular application. Those having ordinary skill in the art and access to the present teachings will recognize additional modifications, applications and embodiments within the scope thereof. [0070] It is therefore intended by the appended claims to cover any and all such applications, modifications and embodiments within the scope of the present invention. [0071] Accordingly, Referenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS7542928 *Aug 7, 2008Jun 2, 2009Consumer Satellite Radio, LlcFor fee distribution of consumer selected content items between different satellite radio service providersUS7756490 *Feb 16, 2006Jul 13, 2010Atc Technologies, LlcMethods, radioterminals, and ancillary terrestrial components for communicating using spectrum allocated to another satellite operatorUS20140036736 *Aug 2, 2012Feb 6, 2014Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ)Pim compensation in a receiverEP1990966A2 *Apr 9, 2008Nov 12, 2008Delphi Technologies, Inc.System and method of transmitting and receiving satellite digital radio signals over an ODD number of frequency slots* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification370/316, 370/535International ClassificationH04B7/185Cooperative ClassificationH04B7/18534, H04B7/18563European ClassificationH04B7/185M12, H04B7/185M4BLegal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionApr 11, 2014ASAssignmentFree format text: PATENT SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNORS:SIRIUS XM RADIO INC.;SIRIUS XM CONNECTED VEHICLE SERVICES INC.;REEL/FRAME:032660/0603Owner name: U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, NEW YORKEffective date: 20140410Dec 5, 2012ASAssignmentEffective date: 20121205Owner name: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENTFree format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:SIRIUS XM RADIO INC.;REEL/FRAME:029408/0767Sep 11, 2012ASAssignmentFree format text: TERMINATION AND RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENT RIGHTS;ASSIGNOR:U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION;REEL/FRAME:028938/0704Owner name: SIRIUS XM RADIO INC., DELAWAREEffective date: 20120904Nov 30, 2011FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8Jan 14, 2011ASAssignmentEffective date: 20110112Owner name: U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, AS COLLATERAL AGENFree format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:SIRIUS XM RADIO INC.;REEL/FRAME:025643/0502Jan 13, 2011ASAssignmentFree format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:XM SATELLITE RADIO INC.;REEL/FRAME:025627/0951Effective date: 20110112Owner name: SIRIUS XM RADIO INC., NEW YORKNov 30, 2010ASAssignmentOwner name: XM SATELLITE RADIO INC., NEW YORKFree format text: TERMINATION AND RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENT RIGHTS;ASSIGNOR:THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON (F/K/A THE BANK OF NEW YORK), AS COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:025406/0888Effective date: 20101129Oct 29, 2010ASAssignmentOwner name: XM SATELLITE RADIO INC., NEW YORKEffective date: 20101028Free format text: TERMINATION AND RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENT RIGHTS;ASSIGNOR:U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, AS AGENT;REEL/FRAME:025217/0488Jul 23, 2009ASAssignmentOwner name: U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, NEW YORKFree format text: ASSIGNMENT AND ASSUMPTION OF SECURITY AGREEMENT RECORDED AT REEL/FRAME NO. 22449/0587;ASSIGNOR:JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A.;REEL/FRAME:023003/0092Effective date: 20090630Jul 7, 2009ASAssignmentOwner name: XM SATELLITE RADIO INC., NEW YORKFree format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:LIBERTY MEDIA CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:022917/0358Effective date: 20090706Mar 25, 2009ASAssignmentOwner name: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS COLLATERAL AGENT, NEFree format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT AMENDMENT;ASSIGNOR:XM SATELLITE RADIO INC.;REEL/FRAME:022449/0587Effective date: 20090306Mar 6, 2009ASAssignmentOwner name: LIBERTY MEDIA CORPORATION, COLORADOFree format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:XM SATELLITE RADIO INC.;REEL/FRAME:022354/0205Effective date: 20090306Nov 23, 2007FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Jan 28, 2003ASAssignmentOwner name: BANK OF NEW YORK, THE, NEW YORKFree format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:XM SATELLITE RADIO INC.;REEL/FRAME:013684/0221Effective date: 20030128Owner name: BANK OF NEW YORK, THE 101 BARCLAY ST. 8TH FLOOR -Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:XM SATELLITE RADIO INC. /AR;REEL/FRAME:013684/0221Aug 16, 1999ASAssignmentOwner name: XM SATELITE RADIO INC. 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Mediation and Milk Strike; Place of Mediators in Negotiations Is Outlined, Voluntary Role Stressed - The New York Times
Archives|Mediation and Milk Strike; Place of Mediators in Negotiations Is Outlined, Voluntary Role Stressed
https://nyti.ms/1XRx6Pq
Mediation and Milk Strike; Place of Mediators in Negotiations Is Outlined, Voluntary Role Stressed
ARTHUR STARK NOV. 9, 1953
November 9, 1953, Page 34Buy Reprints The New York Times Archives
In his post-mortem on the milk strike in the Nov. 2 NEW YORK TIMES, A. H. Raskin quoted an anonymous "key negotiator" as stating that the group of mediators whose services had been made available to the milk companies and the Teamsters Union were "a bunch of prima donnas whose main interest is in being in the middle of the picture when the agreement is signed."View Full Article in Timesmachine »
A version of this archives appears in print on November 9, 1953, on Page BOOKS34 of the New York edition with the headline: Mediation and Milk Strike; Place of Mediators in Negotiations Is Outlined, Voluntary Role Stressed. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe

value: This website is an American daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership. Founded in 1851, the Times has since won 132 Pulitzer Prizes, the most of any newspaper, and has long been regarded within the industry as a national "newspaper of record".


text:
vb.net - Deserialize JSON in ASP.NET with VB - Stack Overflow
I'm using VB in ASP.NET and I've been looking at trying to deserialize the below JSON for about 4 days now with no success. The problem is the code I have below is returning null values. I would like to get results of the JSON for each class member I've declared including price and shipping values for each product. Can anyone point me in the right direction with regard to 1.) why I keep getting null values back and 2.) if the classes I declared are valid for the json I am trying to deserialize? Any help is greatly appreciated!
Here is an example of the JSON I am working with:
"id": "tag:google.com,2010:shopping/products/8040/8382012077897342942",
"googleId": "8382012077897342942",
"title": "LEGO Star Wars™: Jabba's Palace™ (9516)",
"description": "Rescue Han Solo from Jabba the Hutt's desert palace!",
"shipping": 12.95,
Public Property shipping As Double
Public Property googleid As String
Public Inventories As inventories()
Partial Class JSON_Test
Protected Sub getbutton_Click(sender As Object, e As System.EventArgs) Handles getbutton.Click
' 1. Get JSON string from Google
Dim google_json_string As String
google_json_string = json_text.Text
'2. Deserialize JSON - Method 1
Dim ds_results = jss.Deserialize(Of List(Of Items))(google_json_string)
result1.Text = ds_results.Count
result2.Text = ds_results(0).kind
(Update) I've updated the code to include classes that are structured like this (thanks Dan-o):
Public Class g_JSON
Public Property items As List(Of Items)
I also updated the code to read as follows:
Dim ds_results = jss.Deserialize(Of g_JSON)(google_json_string)
result1.Text = ds_results.items(0).id
result2.Text = ds_results.items(0).kind
Now, the code will compile without issue but when I kick off the click event I get the following error:
No parameterless constructor defined for type of 'product[]'.
Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in the code. Exception Details: System.MissingMethodException: No parameterless constructor defined for type of 'product[]'.
Source Error: Line 38: Dim ds_results = jss.Deserialize(Of g_JSON)(google_json_string)
What does that mean and how do I create a parameterless constructor for product()?
asp.net vb.net json deserialization share|improve this question edited Mar 15 '13 at 16:34
+1 for lego's :D
You forgot the container.. the class that holds everything...
Public property kind as string = String.Empty
Public property items as list(of Item) = Nothing
Then you deserialize to something, not list(of item)
share|improve this answer answered Mar 15 '13 at 8:02
Dan-o, this is a great suggestion and I've implemented it in the classes and code.
Dan-o, thanks for taking the time to answer. This is a great suggestion and I've implemented it in the classes and code as seen in my edited comments above. I now get the following error " when I kick of the code with a button: "No parameterless constructor defined for type of 'product[]'". What does that mean? At least I am getting farther along (I think?).
Just what the error says. The deserializer is looking for a parameterless constructor for your product array (Items.product). You need to change your array into a List(Of Product), which would have a parameterless ctor.
Thanks for the help! That worked to remove the error and I am plugging along.
According to jsonlint your json isn't valid (comma after "inventories" array).
Good spot! Did you use a tool to find this?
Yes, it's linked in the comment.
– parvee
Yes, thank you very much for answering. I pared down the original JSON from 85 items to 1 item to paste an example into this question and forgot to remove the additional comma. I've updated the text with the removed comma. Also, thanks for the reference to the site for validating the JSONs!
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text:
I can highlight the amazing comfort of the rooms... - Review of Casa Laguna Hotel & Spa - TripAdvisor
I can highlight the amazing comfort of the rooms... - Review of Casa Laguna Hotel & Spa
Chinese (Simplified) first English first French first German first Japanese first Portuguese first Spanish first Turkish first Any KCNYC_77
#4 of 22 in Laguna Beach 377 reviews
Hotel Style: #1 Green Hotel in Laguna Beach #2 Romantic Hotel in Laguna Beach #2 Spa Hotel in Laguna Beach #3 On the Beach Hotel in Laguna Beach #5 Business Hotel in Laguna Beach #6 Family Hotel in Laguna Beach Price Range (Based on Average Rates): $$$
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text:
OWNERS FINANCIAL WINNERS_FOR NOW - The Washington Post
OWNERS FINANCIAL WINNERS_FOR NOW
While striking National Football League players are losing more than $20 million weekly in salary, some teams, including the Los Angeles Raiders and the Washington Redskins, are clearing $1 million a week more than normal by using replacement teams, according to NFL Players Association and management sources.
The main reason for the owners' short-term windfall is a dramatic drop in player salaries, reducing the average cost of fielding a team from $1.05 million to $430,000 per week, according to M.J. Duberstein, NFLPA director of research.
According to NFLPA data, a player with the average NFL salary of $215,000 -- the owners say it is $230,000 annually -- has lost approximately $40,200 in the three-week-old strike and a player with the NFL median salary of $175,000 has lost $33,000. Neither figure includes incentive bonuses for playing time or statistics.
A league source said the Raiders made an extra $1 million for the first week of replacement games. The team's player payroll, one of the league's highest, exceeds $20 million annually, or $1.3 million per week since NFL players receive 16 paychecks a season. The average weekly player payroll per team is $837,000, according to NFLPA figures. Duberstein estimates teams are paying replacement players an average of $180,000 per week, or about $4,000 per man.
Duberstein figured the Redskins among the teams with the largest amount of additional net revenues for several reasons: a weekly prestrike payroll almost $300,000 above the average; no regular players -- active or injured -- crossing the picket lines; ticket sales of 80 percent last week, including no-shows.
Redskins owner Jack Kent Cooke said he had "no idea" what he saved from the first week of replacement games, saying he "annualizes" his business revenues and, "We would lose less money {for the fiscal year} than we formerly lost." Cooke has said the Redskins are not profitable and that is one reason he is seeking a 75,000-seat domed stadium to replace 55,000-seat RFK.
"Obviously, there are some substantial savings in player salaries," said Sargent Karch, a former chief negotiator for the NFL Management Council serving as a consultant in these negotiations.
As the strike continues, management will field replacement teams today for the second straight week and, according to Duberstein, most if not all the NFL's 28 teams will enjoy larger net revenues than normal. Some will be down from last week as more veteran players cross the picket lines. Of 1,585 players covered by the NFLPA, about 130 have crossed picket lines.
About 56 of those players are above or considerably above the league's average salary, Duberstein said. Some teams are paying a few non-striking veterans as much combined as the rest of their replacement squads. Duberstein cited the salaries of four New York Jets who crossed picket lines -- Mark Gastineau, Joe Klecko, Marty Lyons and Joe Fields -- as equaling those of all the replacement Jets. "If somebody said that, I wouldn't doubt it," Karch said.
Duberstein described the owners' increased profits as "a very immediate cash-flow view of the strike. The long-term costs probably will be severe for the owners, based on past experiences."
For instance, after a 57-day strike in 1982, it took 3 1/2 seasons for the attendance average to return to prestrike levels, according to Jack Donlan, the owners' chief negotiator. Karch says it is impossible to gauge the long-term damage to the owners. Cleveland Browns owner Art Modell said, "It's in everyone's best interests to settle."
The key issues, Karch said, are television and season tickets.
"We don't have any firm figures what the damage is," Karch said. "Obviously, the damage to the clubs is significant. It's awfully tough to calculate what the television damage is. We'll have to rebate a fair portion of {the rights fees}. Who knows what's going to happen to the November payment? Hopefully, the strike will be over before then.
"How do you measure long-term effect -- what the effect is going to be the next time we go in and negotiate a TV contract? How do you measure damage on season-ticket sales? People will say, 'Enough of this.' "
According to Duberstein, playing replacement games is much more profitable for the owners than locking the players out, as management did during the '82 strike. This year, when no games were played in Week 3 Sept. 27-28, the owners lost $1.2 million. Last week, with replacement games, average team revenue and savings was slightly over $2.6 million while expenses totaled $430,000.
Duberstein bases his figures on the following estimates: each team receives $973,000 weekly in television rights fees; the gate average is $526,000, luxury box income averages $255,000 for teams that have them, weekly player payroll costs are $837,000.
Karch said the NFLPA "figures are inflated as always." Karch said Duberstein's cost figures "aren't that far off. He has the contracts." But Karch said the estimated revenues are too high. Karch said the weekly television rights fee "was closer" to $700,000, attendance "$400,000-plus," luxury box revenue about half.
The difference in television revenue apparently comes from the NFLPA counting 16 payments a season and management using playoff weeks also in determining the weekly payoff. The union and management differ on salary figures because the NFLPA includes signing bonuses in the year the bonus is paid; the owners prorate it over the life of the contract.

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c# - Documentation/sample for MVVM Light Toolkit? - Stack Overflow
Documentation/sample for MVVM Light Toolkit? [closed]
1 I've to create a small windows application(no silverlight, no windows phone, no windows 8 app, ...), and since I've some extra for this application, I decided to take the time to learn the MVVM pattern.
I read about it and I understood the principal part.
I found the MVVM Light Toolkit, but I find hard to start with. Except this page where I find the class names, I can't find any documentation about this, some kind of "getting started" section.
I tried to start with that, but I can't find:
What is the ViewModelLocator, and how should I use it
A simple example of a ViewModel, extending the ViewModelBase (for example, I don't know if I should call RaisePropertyChanging, RaisePropertyChanged, both, if I should put just the property name, ...
Some example about how to use the Messenger (in which part of the code I should register, examples of conditions)
After some search on the net, either I find informations for windows phone(with Page, ...), either it's years old topic.
So do you know where I can find this kind of information?
c# .net wpf mvvm mvvm-light share|improve this question edited Jan 21 at 9:23
asked Nov 26 '12 at 12:42
2,602657118
closed as not constructive by Oded♦, animuson♦, Nikhil, Ram kiran, carlosfigueira Nov 27 '12 at 5:37
I would suggest this book for you: amazon.com/Pro-WPF-Silverlight-MVVM-Model-View-ViewModel/dp/… and the whole mvvm stuff will be more easy for you
@PeterPorfy It doesn't seems to be very well rated 2.4/5. In addition, it doesn't talk about MVVM light toolkit :(
You may be interested in this question for your first point: What is a ViewModelLocator and what are its pros/cons compared to DataTemplates?
@J4N I read it and it's great. I don't know the reason of the rating. MVVM Light is just a collection of basic MVVM helpers and base classes, nothing special.
@PeterPorfy I will try to read some page before, because I'm a little worried about this book contains a lot of things that I already know(all the WPF-binding-serialization-events-command-data access layer-unit testing part). What I miss is just how this framework put those pieces together, part that this book doesn't cover.
To answer your questions: The ViewModelLocator is a class that allows you to expose your various models via properties, and do whatever initialization is required. You can then bind the DataContext of a page or control conveniently to a ViewModel. DataContext="{Binding Main, Source={StaticResource Locator}}"
Call RaisePropertyChanged([name-of-property-here]) to update your bindings.
Use the Messenger as a way to easily notify your page when the state of the application has changed, to display an error message when an error has occurred is a good example. To use Messenger, you can register in OnNavigatedTo Messenger.Default.Register<YourCustomMessage>(this, OnYourCustomMessage);
and don't forget to unregister in OnNavigatedFrom
Messenger.Default.Unregister<YourCustomMessage>(this, OnYourCustomMessage);
share|improve this answer answered Nov 26 '12 at 13:14
1,36066
Thank you for your response! Do you have a full example for the Locator? Because I can't see, by example if I've a list of people and a person detail view, how it will know which "person" of my datastore the viewModel has to be based on? For the messenger, I'm not sure to fully understand, it allows the application logic(e.g. server connection watchdog) to interact with view, or it allows view to interact to application logic? On which object are your OnNavigatedTo/OnNavigatedFrom methods ?
Heres an app someone posted as an example. Its WPF, but essentialy the same. It uses Unity for DI, but you may want to just manually inject your dependencies when you new up a class. apuntanotas.codeplex.com/SourceControl/changeset/view/79962
I recommend sending messages from the view models and receive them in the views or other view models. Its easier than chaining event handlers to respond to an event. You send a message like this: Messenger.Default.Send(new YourCustomMessage()); To send a message from a view to a viewmodel I usually execute RelayCommands
Nov 26 '12 at 15:50
So OnNavigatedTo/... are DI methods? I only used ninject for DI, I will take a look into it! Thank you for all your explanation!
No, OnNavigatedTo is a virtual member of your page. You can override it in your view. msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windowsphone/develop/…
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How to use RelayCommand with the MVVM Light framework
Is this the correct way to use the MVVM Light Messenger class


text:
Great day, 100% recommend this! - Review of Weinkoepfe - Grape Escapes, Ruedesheim am Rhein, Germany - Tripadvisor
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Great day, 100% recommend this! - Weinkoepfe - Grape Escapes
Weinkoepfe - Grape Escapes
#3 of 10 Food & Drink in Ruedesheim am Rhein
Review of Personal wine tours in the heart of Germany from Frankfurt region - Mainz
Carl was right of time picking us up for our personal tour; we visited three unique wineries and also had an excellent lunch. He was so knowledgeable, personable, and just all around lovely. Our tastings were tailored and absolutely perfect. Lunch was outstanding. I can not recommend this enough, you really need to do this!
Ask sleepless_somewhere about Personal wine tours in the heart of Germany from Frankfurt region - Mainz
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Ways to Experience Weinkoepfe - Grape Escapes
Personal wine tours in the heart of Germany...
Wine & Weihnachtsmarkt (German Christmas...
from $296.07
All reviews german wines carl rheinhessen specialties wineries winemaker learning fun tour
Review of: Personal wine tours in the heart of Germany from Frankfurt region - Mainz
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489franklinj
First off I will say a day spent with Carl will not be a day wasted. He is awesome and by the end of the day my wife and I felt like lifelong friends. Great tour. Carl has done his homework and knows lots of locals that offer a very personal experience. You will not be disappointed. Highly recommended and If my wife and I ever go back, we will book the tour just to see Carl.
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marbledprimerib
The guide goes the extra mile for a memorable top-quality experience. The welcome came with breakfast of traditional bread and salami sticks from the local village bakery, accompanied by coffee and even glasses of bubbly. I love these little touches he brings to the tour. For example, he drove us via the scenic routes, for oodles of photo stops.
He also knows the history and geography quite well, and we learned a lot about the region's specialties. The number of winemakers we visited was maximized -- we got a taste from 50+ bottles in one day -- with room for checking out cellars not in the plan.
Recommendations are on point: from sites to hotel to dinner place, everything was excellent. He basically worked on our vague idea of what we wanted to do and created a seamless weekend that hit all the right spots.
Overall, a lovely and relaxing holiday thanks to Weinkoepfe. I would highly recommend to anyone curious about German wines.
Ask marbledprimerib about Weinkoepfe - Grape Escapes
Thank marbledprimerib
We took the tour in May and there were 4 of us, my wife and a couple from Hong Kong. The guide Carl was really on top of everything with a lot of energy, really made it a wonderful experience. We were picked up and dropped off at our hotels. This area is known for white wines which is what we expected, but I must admit I prefer red wines given a choice. I enjoyed the white wines we sampled which may have expanded my palate. And Carl made sure we found some red wines from the area which are based on the Pinot Noir grape which was new to us, Spatburgunders are a great red from Germany! The scenery was great and Carl accommodated our desire to stop and get some photos of the country side.
Ask 184DonP about Personal wine tours in the heart of Germany from Frankfurt region - Mainz