text:
Points of Interest National Museum - 2 miles
Sugar Bay Club Suites & Hotel features 2 outdoor swimming pools, a fitness center, and a children's pool. Dining is available at one of the hotel's 5 restaurants and guests can grab coffee at the coffee shop/café. The property also has a grocery/convenience store. A bar/lounge is on site where guests can unwind with a drink. Public areas are equipped with complimentary wireless Internet access. This 3-star property offers access to a business center and meeting rooms. This business-friendly hotel also offers spa services, tour/ticket assistance, and gift shops/newsstands. Complimentary self parking is available on site. Children's pool 24-hour front desk Conference space Safe-deposit box at front desk ATM/banking Bar/lounge Breakfast available (surcharge) Business center Coffee shop or café Concierge services Dry cleaning/laundry service Fitness facilities Gift shops or newsstand Number of outdoor pools - 2 Grocery/convenience store Tours/ticket assistance Total number of rooms - 89 Laundry facilities Number of floors - 2 Meeting rooms 2 Garden Pool sun loungers Beach towels Free self parking Shopping on site Spa services on site Free WiFi Number of restaurants - 5 Show all hotel amenities


text:
Patent US20040047792 - Efficient matting agents based on precipitated silicas - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsHighly efficient matting agents based on precipitated silicas and wax-coated precipitated silicas, their preparation, and their use in inks and paints....http://www.google.com/patents/US20040047792?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US20040047792 - Efficient matting agents based on precipitated silicasAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS20040047792 A1Publication typeApplicationApplication numberUS 10/656,164Publication dateMar 11, 2004Filing dateSep 8, 2003Priority dateSep 6, 2002Also published asCN1488682A, CN100519665C, DE10241273A1, DE50308157D1, EP1398301A2, EP1398301A3, EP1398301B1, EP1398301B2, US7488382, US8012253, US20090101866, US20100288164Publication number10656164, 656164, US 2004/0047792 A1, US 2004/047792 A1, US 20040047792 A1, US 20040047792A1, US 2004047792 A1, US 2004047792A1, US-A1-20040047792, US-A1-2004047792, US2004/0047792A1, US2004/047792A1, US20040047792 A1, US20040047792A1, US2004047792 A1, US2004047792A1InventorsJuergen Schubert, Robert Kuhlmann, Hans ChristianOriginal AssigneeDegussa AgExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (4), Referenced by (10), Classifications (31), Legal Events (4) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetEfficient matting agents based on precipitated silicas
US 20040047792 A1Abstract
Highly efficient matting agents based on precipitated silicas and wax-coated precipitated silicas, their preparation, and their use in inks and paints. Images(5) Claims(24)
What is claimed is: 1. A precipitated silica characterized by BET
350-550 m2/g
320-400 g/100 g
d50 5-15 μm, and
20-90 g/l.
2. The precipitated silica as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size distribution d
is from 0.90 to 1.5. 3. The precipitated silica as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gloss angle gloss values are: 60�
15-25 and
4. The precipitated silica as claimed in claim 2, wherein the gloss angle gloss values are: 60�
5. A process for increasing the matting effect of a paint or ink comprising adding the precipitated silica as claimed in claim 1 as a matting agent to said paint. 6. A paint or ink, which includes the precipitated silica as claimed in claim 1 as a matting agent. 7. A process for increasing the matting effect of a paint or ink comprising adding the precipitated silica as claimed in claim 2 as a matting agent to said paint. 8. A paint or ink, which includes the precipitated silica as claimed in claim 2 as a matting agent. 9. A process for increasing the matting effect of a paint or ink comprising adding the precipitated silica as claimed in claim 3 as a matting agent to said paint. 10. A paint or ink, which includes the precipitated silica as claimed in claim 3 as a matting agent. 11. A process for increasing the matting effect of a paint or ink comprising adding the precipitated silica as claimed in claim 4 as a matting agent to said paint. 12. A paint or ink, which includes the precipitated silica as claimed in claim 4 as a matting agent. 13. A wax-coated precipitated silica characterized by BET
d50 5-15 μm
20-90 g/l
2-18% by weight.
14. The wax-coated precipitated silica as claimed in claim 13, wherein the particle size distribution d
is from 0.90 to 1.5. 15. A wax-coated precipitated silica as claimed in claim 13, wherein the gloss angle gloss values are: 60�
16. A wax-coated precipitated silica as claimed in claim 14, wherein the gloss angle gloss values are: 60�
17. A process for increasing the matting effect of a paint or ink comprising adding the precipitated silica as claimed in claim 13 as a matting agent to said paint. 18. A paint or ink, which includes the precipitated silica as claimed in claim 13 as a matting agent. 19. A process for increasing the matting effect of a paint or ink comprising adding the precipitated silica as claimed in claim 14 as a matting agent to said paint. 20. A paint or ink, which includes the precipitated silica as claimed in claim 14 as a matting agent. 21. A process for increasing the matting effect of a paint or ink comprising adding the precipitated silica as claimed in claim 15 as a matting agent to said paint. 22. A paint or ink, which includes the precipitated silica as claimed in claim 15 as a matting agent. 23. A process for increasing the matting effect of a paint or ink comprising adding the precipitated silica as claimed in claim 16 as a matting agent to said paint. 24. A paint or ink, which includes the precipitated silica as claimed in claim 16 as a matting agent.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to efficient matting agents based on precipitated silicas, their preparation, and their use in inks and paints. [0003] 2. Description of the Background [0004] Precipitated silicas have been used for a long time as matting agents in paints. The matting properties of these compounds derive from a disperse reflection of light at the paint surface roughened by silica particles. The efficiency of matting agents is therefore determined by the reflection value at different observation angles (generally 60� and 85�) and also the initial mass required for sufficient matting. The surfaces thus treated ought to have a matt, satin gloss, but without any rough effect. The roughness of a surface can be determined, for example, by way of the average roughness value Ra and the depth of roughness Rz. The requirements imposed on matting agents, the necessary measurement methods, and also general information can be found, for example, in Degussa AG's pigment brochure series, No. 21 (2002). [0005] The matting of a paint surface is naturally also dependent on the amount of matting agent used. Since precipitated silicas in addition to their matting effect also cause an increase in the viscosity of the paint, there are limits to the extent to which it is possible to increase the silica fraction in a paint. [0006] The object was therefore to find silicas which at the same mass fraction as the known silicas possess an improved matting effect. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0007] Surprisingly it has been found that silicas which possess a high DBP absorption constitute very efficient matting agents. [0008] The present invention accordingly provides precipitated silicas characterized by BET 350-550 m2/g DBP number 320-400 g/100 g d50 5-15 μm, and tamped density 20-90 g/l. [0009] As well as the untreated hydrophilic silicas, the use of wax-coated silicas as matting agents is also known. A wax treatment of this kind markedly improves the sedimentation behavior of the precipitated silicas. [0010] The present invention therefore further provides wax-coated precipitated silicas characterized by BET 350-550 m2/g DBP number 320-400 g/100 g d50 5-15 μm tamped density 20-90 g/l carbon content 2-18% by weight. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0011] The present invention provides precipitated silicas, having use as matting agents, which silicas are characterized by BET 350-550 m2/g DBP number 320-400 g/100 g d50 5‥15 μm, and tamped density 20-90 g/l. [0012] The present invention also provides such hydrophilic silicas which have been wax-coated, for use as matting agents, characterized by BET 350-550 m2/g DBP number 320-400 g/100 g d50 5-15 μm tamped density 20-90 g/l carbon content 2-18% by weight. [0013] The precipitated silicas of the invention preferably have DBP numbers of from 350 to 380 g/100 g, a d50 value of from 7 to 11 μm, or from 8 to 12 μm, preferably from 8 to 9.5 μm, and a tamped density of from 50 to 80 g/l, preferably from 60 to 70 g/l. [0014] The tamped density is determined in accordance with ISO 787-11 directly after the grinding of the silica. The DBP absorption is determined in accordance with DIN 53601, again directly after grinding. (DBP number is a measure of porosity.) The same applies to the measurement of the BET surface area in accordance with ISO 5794-1 Annex D. [0015] The d10, d50 and d90 values are determined by laser diffraction on a Coulter LS-230. (dx is a value that characterizes the particle distribution, wherein “x” represents a percentage of the measured particles, based on volume, that are smaller than this volume. Thus, d10 means that 10% of the measured particles, based on volume, are smaller than this volume. Similarly for d50 and d90.) [0016] For a uniform matting effect the particle size distribution should be as narrow as possible. The particle size distribution can be determined in a simple way by means, for example, of measurements of the d10, d50, and d90 values. Inventively untreated or wax-coated precipitated silicas therefore have a particle size distribution (span), defined by way of the ratio (d90−d10):d50, of from 0.90 to 1.5, preferably from 1.0 to 1.2. [0017] A quantitative determination of the degree of matting of paint film surfaces is frequently determined by measuring the reflection values at different gloss angles. Those found appropriate in practice have been measurements at a gloss angle of 60� and 85�, carried out along the lines of DIN 67530, ISO 2813 or TM 523-78 in accordance with the procedure set out below for determining the gloss value on a standard baked top coat. Untreated or wax-coated precipitated silicas of the invention preferably have gloss values at an angle of 60� of from 15 to 25 and at an angle of 85� of from 30 to 70. The difference between the 85� reflectometer value and the 60� reflectometer value is also referred to as sheen, and allows a statement to be made about the matting effect of the surface at different observation angles. A relatively low sheen means that a surface appears matt when viewed at any angle. [0018] As compared with commercial matting agents, the silica of the invention has a particularly low gloss value at all observation angles. This means that in order to achieve a certain matting effect less material is needed than in the case of conventional matting agents or for a given amount an improved effect is achieved. [0019] Preparation of untreated precipitated silicas of the invention can be carried out in accordance with, for example, DE 10 058 616, which discloses precipitated silicas which in the dry, unground state have a DBP adsorption of from 380 to 420 g/100 g. These silicas are prepared by [0020] a) over the course of at least 100 minutes adding water and sulfuric acid simultaneously to maintain a pH of 6-7 to an initial charge of water which is heated at from 35 to 45� C. and is under stirring and shearing, the addition being interrupted for 60-120 minutes, and when addition is at an end setting a solids concentration of 36-42 g/l, [0021] b) isolating the solid by filtration and washing the filter cake to completion, and [0022] c) subjecting the solid to accelerated drying. [0023] A precipitated silica of this type is preferably subjected to accelerated drying by liquefying the filter cake to a solids content of less than 18% by weight and then spray-drying this suspension. It is also possible to dry the filter cake by means of a spin-flash dryer followed where appropriate by setting of the pH at from 7 to 8 by means of ammonia gas. The precipitated silica obtained in this way can either be ground directly or be first subjected to coating with wax. [0024] The wax coating of the silica of the invention can be carried out, for example, according to EP 1 182 233. In that case precipitated silicas are coated, for example, with polyethylene waxes, Fischer-Tropsch waxes or silicone-based waxes by heat-treating the silicas with the wax at a temperature below the melting range and below the decomposition temperature of the wax in air. It is possible to coat the silica with the wax at the same time as its grinding; in any case, coating with from 2 to 15% by weight, preferably from 5 to 10% by weight, of wax has proven appropriate. The precipitated silicas of the invention ought to have a carbon content of from 2 to 18% by weight, preferably from 3 to 10% by weight, and more preferably a carbon content of from 3 to 6% by weight. [0025] To grind the precipitated silicas of the invention it is possible to use standard commercial mills such as, for example, an impact classifier mill (such as 50 ZPS from Hosokawa-Alpine). [0026] Besides the abovementioned wax coating or impregnation of silica, other methods are known for this purpose and can be consulted in, for example, DE 1 006 100, DE 15 92 865 or EP 0 922 691. Here, wax suspensions are reacted with a silica suspension, where appropriate with the mediation of a dispersant. The wax-impregnated or wax-coated silica thus obtained must subsequently be dried and, where appropriate, reclassified. [0027] The untreated or wax-impregnated precipitated silicas of the invention can be used as matting agents in inks or paints. [0028] Having generally described this invention, a further understanding can be obtained by reference to certain specific examples which are provided herein for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to be limiting unless otherwise specified.
EXAMPLES [0029] A precipitated silica was prepared in accordance with DE 10 058 616, Examples 1 to 6, and had the following physicochemical data: pH 2.6, DBP 389 g/100 g, tamped density 154 g/l, and BET surface area 454 m2/g, [0030] and was ground to different particle sizes on a 50 ZPS mill. The reference used was Acematt HK 450 (commercially available from Degussa AG), which is a silica used as a matting agent. This untreated matting agent with high matting efficiency is particularly suitable for systems with low level of gloss and sheen, e.g., coil coatings. [0031] The differences in the gloss at 60� and 85� C. from HK 450 indicate a markedly improved matting effect for an identical amount employed. Acematt Example 1 2 3 4 5 HK 450 After drying BET [g/m2] 501 458 484 476 472 450 DBP [g/100 g] 383 366 387 412 400 341 After grinding d50 [μm] 9.5 9.3 10.1 10.1 10.6 10.2 Span 0.97 0.95 0.99 1.07 1.21 1.10 DBP [g/100 g] 361 333 359 358 352 314 Tamped 56 60 57 58 59 90 density [g/l] Paint testing Initial mass [g] 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 Grindometer 30 29 30 30 30 35 value [μm] Gloss 60� 18.8 20.0 17.0 18.1 18.2 21.3 Gloss 85� 56.6 59.3 51.7 54.3 55.1 55.1 Sheen 37.8 39.3 34.7 36.2 36.9 33.8 Diff. gloss −2.5 −1.3 −4.3 −3.2 −3.1 60� from HK 450 Std. Diff. gloss 1.5 4.2 −3.4 −0.8 0.0 85� from HK 450 Std. Initial mass [g] 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 Grindometer 32 31 32 32 32 34 value [μm] Gloss 60� 11.7 14.8 12.0 10.7 11.9 15.6 Gloss 85� 25.4 37.3 26.6 22.9 26.3 43.6 Sheen 13.7 22.5 14.6 12.2 14.4 28.0 Diff. gloss −3.9 −0.8 −3.6 −4.9 −3.7 60� from HK 450 Std. Diff. gloss −18.2 −6.3 −17.0 −20.7 −17.3 85� from HK 450 Std. [0032] The paint investigations described were carried out in the standard black test paint Duplex D1326 Schwarzlack from Herberts, Austria. [0033] General Procedure for Determining the Gloss Values [0034] Preparation of the Matt Paint 100 g of DUPLEX D 1326 paint (formulation number L 87992, DuPont, Herberts Austria GmbH) are weighed out into a 350 ml polyethylene beaker and 20 g of diluent V 0003 (DuPont, Herberts Austria GmbH) are weighed in. The required amount of matting agent is then weighed out to an accuracy of 10 mg and carefully incorporated into the diluted test paint using a spatula. Thereafter the composition is dispersed at 2000 rpm for 10 minutes using a � 43 mm paddle stirrer, the PE beaker being covered in order to prevent evaporation losses. After the matting agent has been incorporated the matted paint is left to stand in the closed beaker for 30 minutes for deaeration. It should be ensured that the standard (HK 450) is dispersed at around the same time as the samples under investigation (maximum time difference: 3 hours). [0035] Testing and Processing of the Matt Paint [0036] Following deaeration, the paint is applied using a motorized drawing device (Erichsen Coatmaster 509 MC) using a four-edged coating bar with a slot height of 120 μm at a speed of 25 mm/s to cleaned glass plates measuring 130�90�3 mm. For each dispersed sample, 2 glass plates are to be coated. In each baking operation, these specimen plates are to be examined against 2 plates of the standard. The maximum occupancy of an oven tray is 10 sample plates+2 standards. [0037] The applied paint is flashed off under the following specified conditions: temperature: 20� C. to 25� C. relative humidity: 40% to 60% flashoff time: 10 min to 20 min [0038] The paint is subsequently baked in a forced-air drying cabinet at 150� C. for 20 minutes. [0039] The reflectometer values are measured on the BYK Haze Gloss after the glass plates have cooled (about 30 minutes). The reflectometer value is formed from the average of the duplicate determination. [0040] Where the duplicate determination produces differences>2 gloss points, the duplicate determination must be repeated against the standard using a sample which must be dispersed anew. [0041] The disclosure in German priority application 102 41 273.1, filed Sep. 6, 2002, is hereby incorporated by reference. Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS4495167 *Nov 2, 1982Jan 22, 1985Degussa AktiengesellschaftPrecipitated silicas having high structure and process for their preparationUS5034207 *Jun 22, 1990Jul 23, 1991Degussa AktiengesellschaftFinely, divided, precipitated silica with high structure, method of its preparation and useUS5705137 *May 29, 1996Jan 6, 1998Degussa AktiengesellschaftPrecipitated silicas, a process for their preparation and their use in vulcanizable rubber mixturesUS5859117 *Sep 16, 1997Jan 12, 1999Degussa AktiengsellschaftPrecipitated silicas, a process for their preparation and their use in vulcanizable rubber mixtures* Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS7097818Jan 31, 2005Aug 29, 2006Degussa AgSilica and silicate by precipitation at constant alkali number, and its useUS8597789 *Aug 5, 2010Dec 3, 2013Evonik Degussa GmbhMicrostructured multifunctional inorganic coating additives for preventing fouling (growth of biofilm) in aquatic applicationsUS8926748Dec 5, 2007Jan 6, 2015Grace Gmbh & Co. KgMatting agentUS9199211Feb 2, 2009Dec 1, 2015Evonik Degussa GmbhStorage-stable product systems for premix formulationsUS9248319Aug 6, 2010Feb 2, 2016Evonik DegussaComposite particles for use in oral hygieneUS20050137317 *Jan 31, 2005Jun 23, 2005Degussa AgSilica and silicate by precipitation at constant alkali number, and its useUS20100071593 *Dec 5, 2007Mar 25, 2010Hans-Rudolf LehnertMatting agentUS20110030578 *Aug 5, 2010Feb 10, 2011Katharina SchulzMicrostructured multifunctional inorganic coating additives for preventing fouling (growth of biofilm) in aquatic applicationsUS20110033511 *Aug 6, 2010Feb 10, 2011Wojciech PisulaComposite particles for use in oral hygieneUS20110037021 *Feb 2, 2009Feb 17, 2011Juri TschernjaewStorage-stable product systems for premix formulations* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification423/335, 106/31.9, 106/31.6, 106/482, 106/491, 106/31.65International ClassificationC09C3/10, C09C1/30, C09C3/08, C09D7/00, C09D201/00, C09D5/00, C01B33/143, C01B33/193, C09D7/12, C01B33/12Cooperative ClassificationC01P2006/80, C01P2006/10, C09C1/3018, C09D7/005, C01P2006/12, C01P2006/11, C01P2004/61, C01P2006/60, C01B33/193, C01P2006/19, Y10T428/2982, Y10T428/2993European ClassificationC09C1/30D4B, C09D7/00E, C01B33/193Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionSep 8, 2003ASAssignmentOwner name: DEGUSSA AG, GERMANYFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SCHUBERT, JUERGEN;KUHLMANN, ROBERT;CHRISTIAN, HANS DIETER;REEL/FRAME:014481/0082Effective date: 20030905Feb 22, 2010ASAssignmentOwner name: EVONIK DEGUSSA GMBH,GERMANYFree format text: CHANGE ADDRESS;ASSIGNOR:EVONIK DEGUSSA GMBH;REEL/FRAME:023985/0296Effective date: 20071031Owner name: DEGUSSA GMBH,GERMANYFree format text: CHANGE OF ENTITY;ASSIGNOR:DEGUSSA AG;REEL/FRAME:023998/0937Effective date: 20070102Owner name: EVONIK DEGUSSA GMBH, GERMANYFree format text: CHANGE ADDRESS;ASSIGNOR:EVONIK DEGUSSA GMBH;REEL/FRAME:023985/0296Effective date: 20071031Owner name: DEGUSSA GMBH, GERMANYFree format text: CHANGE OF ENTITY;ASSIGNOR:DEGUSSA AG;REEL/FRAME:023998/0937Effective date: 20070102Feb 23, 2010ASAssignmentOwner name: EVONIK DEGUSSA GMBH,GERMANYFree format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:DEGUSSA GMBH;REEL/FRAME:024006/0127Effective date: 20070912Owner name: EVONIK DEGUSSA GMBH, GERMANYFree format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:DEGUSSA GMBH;REEL/FRAME:024006/0127Effective date: 20070912Jul 31, 2012FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services

type: global

value: This website is a search engine provided by Google. Handling over 3.5 billion searches per day, it has a 92% share of the global search engine market.


text:
Award-Winning Camera Brings Latest Tech Trend to Kids
NEW YORK, July 1, 2015 /PRNewswire/ -- This summer, kids can embrace the popular tech trend of action cams and wearable devices with their very own product for affordable on the go fun! Today VTech® announces the availability of its latest innovation, the Kidizoom® Action Cam, bringing parents' technology to a new generation of active kids. The award-winning toy has already been named the #1 breakout hit on the TTPM Summer Play List and has earned honors from The Toy Insider, The National Parenting Center Seal of Approval, Parents' Choice Awards, Tillywig Toy & Media Awards, Dr. Toy Best Vacation Products Awards and Mom's Choice Awards.
The Kidizoom Action Cam is the perfect companion to help little explorers capture memorable moments while on the go so parents can treasure them forever. It features a robust, durable design and comes complete with mounts for attaching to a bike, skateboard or scooter, plus a waterproof case, all at an affordable price, making it an exceptional alternative to an expensive adult action camera. It is available now at www.VTechKids.com/ActionCam and at major retailers nationwide.
Expandable memory up to 32GB with microSD card (microSD card not included)
The Kidizoom Action Cam is a great first video and photo camera for kids and is durable enough to handle drops and tumbles. It can go anywhere kids go, and do anything kids do with two included mounts so they can attach it to their bike, skateboard and more, making it perfect for interactive play and capturing life's adventures. It also comes with a waterproof case so they can take videos and pictures up to 6' underwater – perfect for budding snorkelers and splashing fun. The Kidizoom Action Cam features a 1.4" color LCD screen and can take stop-motion videos and time-lapse photos in addition to regular videos and photos. Children can also explore their creativity with fun effects, frames and photo filters. It's easy to upload their photos and videos to a computer using the included micro USB cable so parents can choose to share them with family and friends. For even more fun, they can also play three exciting games.
Visit www.VTechKids.com/ActionCam for more product information and visit www.facebook.com/VTechtoys to enter the #greatestsummerever contest for a chance to win a Kidizoom Action Cam.
"We are proud to expand the Kidizoom product range with the new award-winning Kidizoom Action Cam and further demonstrate our ability to channel the latest adult tech trend for kids in a value-packed, durable design. On the heels of our successful Kidizoom Smartwatch last year, the Action Cam illustrates why VTech is a leader in innovative technology for kids. It is ideal for kids to capture endless adventures and create lasting memories during the summer months and beyond." - William To, President, VTech Electronics North America.
11 Oct, 2018, 09:03 ET VTech® Named to Walmart's Top Rated by Kids Toy List for the...
14 Sep, 2018, 09:03 ET New Go! Go! Smart Wheels® Toys from VTech® Deliver Multi-Sensory...

value: This website .


text:
British scientists breed purple 'super tomato' that can fight against cancer | Daily Mail Online
Purple 'super tomato' that can fight against cancer
Updated: 23:03 EDT, 26 October 2008
The fruit, which tastes and smells like a normal red tomato, has been given two genes from a snapdragon flower that produce the dark colour.
The distinctive hue is created by antioxidant pigments that protect against diseases including cancer, heart problems and diabetes.
These plum-like tomatoes have been genetically engineered to fight cancer
British scientists behind the crop believe their purple tomato is the respectable face of genetic modification and could help convince the public of the benefits of GM food.
But critics say the potential health benefits are a distraction from the harmful environmental side effects of GM farming.
The tomato - developed by the John Innes Centre in Norwich - contains high concentrations of anthocyanins, pigments found in blackberries and cranberries.
Anthocyanins are chemicals called flavonoids which mop up potentially harmful oxygen molecules in the body. Although they are produced naturally by tomato plants, they are normally found only in the leaves.
The scientists transferred the genes from the snapdragons using specially adapted bacteria.
Food for thought: The tomatoes could be on sale within three years - but not in Britain
Professor Cathie Martin, who led the John Innes research - the results of which are published today in the journal Nature Biotechnology - said one tomato contained the same anthocyanins as a spoonful of cranberries.
'Most people do not eat five portions of fruit and vegetables a day,' she said.
'But they can get more benefit from those they do eat if common fruit and vegetables can be developed that are higher in nutrients.'
The scientists found that mice bred to be vulnerable to cancer lived longer when fed the GM tomatoes. They now hope to test the effects on men at risk of prostate cancer.
Dr Lara Bennett, of Cancer Research UK, said: 'It's exciting to see new techniques that could make healthy foods even better for us.'
But critics warn that genetic modification is tied in with factory farming methods that harm communities - and that any seeds from a GM tomato could produce unexpected effects on the environment.
Friends of the Earth said: 'GM crops cannot be deemed a "healthy" option.'
British scientists breed purple 'super tomato' that can fight against cancer

value: This website is the website of the Daily Mail, a newspaper in the United Kingdom, and of its sister paper The Mail on Sunday. MailOnline is a division of dmg media, which is owned by Daily Mail and General Trust plc.


text:
Amazon.co.uk: One Day Like This: Explore similar items
Customers who viewed this item... One Day Like This elbow | Format: Audio CD Average Customer Review:
Best song ever! 25 Oct 2013Reviewer: guvs (see more about me)Fell in love with the song the first time I heard it and have played it ever since. Fantastic! Fabulous! Read More

value: This website is an American multinational technology company which focuses on e-commerce, cloud computing, digital streaming, and artificial intelligence.


text:
Frosty the Snow Man book by Annie North Bedford | 1 available editions | Alibris Books
ISBN-13: 9780760704585
ISBN: 0760704589
Alibris ID: 14291559528
Alibris ID: 12120016731
Good. [ No Hassle 30 Day Returns ] [ Edition: Reprint ] Publisher: Barnes & Noble Books Pub Date: 1/1/1997 Binding: Hardcover Pages: 19.
Alibris ID: 14722127582
Very Good. 0760704589 Ships promptly from Texas.
Alibris ID: 14539746779
New. 0760704589 Ships promptly from Texas.
Alibris ID: 14495316787
New. 0760704589.
ISBN-13: 9780031376640
ISBN: 0031376649
Alibris ID: 13612761131
1951, Golden Press
Alibris ID: 14717441868
Alibris ID: 14731613566
Alibris ID: 14717488730
ISBN-13: 9780307020697
Alibris ID: 14556349452
1950, Golden Books
ISBN-13: 9780307602664

value: This website is is an online store that sells new books, used books, out-of-print books, rare books, and other media through an online network of independent booksellers.


text:
Amazon.com: Lead Soil Test Kit: Industrial & Scientific
Leaded or unleaded? Ask the right question and get the right answer. Students perform accurate, s...
#1 Best Seller in Surface Protection $21.50 Prime
Your cost could be $28.25 instead of $38.25! Get $10.00 off instantly as a gift card upon approval for the Amazon.com Store Card. Learn more. Product Details
ASIN: B007VCL5B8
Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #54,118 in Industrial & Scientific (See Top 100 in Industrial & Scientific)
Leaded or unleaded? Ask the right question and get the right answer. Students perform accurate, simple, and nonhazardous tests for lead in soil they collect themselves. The quick, 3-step procedure allows for an accuracy reading of up to 100 parts per million (ppm). Simply fill the test vial with soil, add reagent, mix for 30 s, dip test strip in soil/reagent mixture, and wait. Within minutes a color change will occur on the test strip pad and the presence or absence of lead will be evident. Instructions and enough materials for 5 soil tests included.
1.0 out of 5 starsQuestionable test
Tabitha Lain
I used this test kit and am not sure that it actually works. I tried multiple soil samples from my yard, and then a sample from a new, unopened bag of potting soil. All tests indicated lead. Really? Lead in an opened bag of potting soil?
Check out this page to see more: soil test


text:
Amazon.co.uk: Profile For BeDeBe: Reviews
Profile for BeDeBe > Reviews
Content by BeDeBe
Top Reviewer Ranking: 181,392
Reviews Written by BeDeBe Show:
Mila Door Lock Centre Case/ Gearbox/ Mechanism 35 / 92
4.0 out of 5 stars Can't lock won't lock, 28 April 2014
This review is from: Mila Door Lock Centre Case/ Gearbox/ Mechanism 35 / 92 (Misc.)
Simple easy to fit replacement. The old lock just was not worth the time and effort to get right. Any other problem lock, then this gets the order
5.0 out of 5 stars Making a cook, 28 April 2014
This review is from: Everyday Cooking For One (Paperback)
Needed a cooking book for the home alone guy. Used six recipes so far - all have been easy to do, and great to eat. Wendy Hobson has certainly come up with a good book for me.
4.0 out of 5 stars Hot to trot, 25 April 2014
This review is from: Contigo West Loop Autoseal Travel Mug - 470 ml - Blue (Kitchen & Home)
Having had a drink carrier which barely lasted an hour I wanted a greater length of time. First test run had my drink still quite hot after nearly three hours. Product is well made, and looks smart. No sign of leeks and is easy to use. Well recomended.
O Clock Unisex Disney Watch Ocd04-M (Medium) with Goofie Sketch - Capri Blue Hypoallergenic Silicon Rubber Watch Strap
3.0 out of 5 stars Mucky strap, 3 Feb 2014
This review is from: O Clock Unisex Disney Watch Ocd04-M (Medium) with Goofie Sketch - Capri Blue Hypoallergenic Silicon Rubber Watch Strap (Watch)
The watch is fine but the strap seems to be like a magnet for dust and grime. Looks a lot better in the picture than it does after a couple of days wear. Nice idea but it's not practical for me.
5.0 out of 5 stars Tune in for value, 3 Feb 2014
Really simple to use. Clips on my base guitar and can easily be pushed out of the way. Easy to check my guitar out every time I use it
5.0 out of 5 stars Smart case, 3 Feb 2014
Not the cheapest case but well worth the extra. Smart and well made. Good value and recommended as excellent value
Festina Men's Quartz Watch with Blue Dial Analogue Display and Blue Leather Strap F16585/3
Price: �84.22
5.0 out of 5 stars Forget fancy discounts, 3 Feb 2014
This review is from: Festina Men's Quartz Watch with Blue Dial Analogue Display and Blue Leather Strap F16585/3 (Watch)
This is a very smart looking watch. You may not get big discounts on Festina watches but for less than a �100 this is excellent value. Very pleased with what I consider to be an excellent purchase - well recommended
Dvd ~ Daniel Lindsay
5.0 out of 5 stars Not Undefeated, 23 Jan 2013
This review is from: Undefeated [DVD] (DVD)
5.0 out of 5 stars You will not find yourself sunk with this, 23 Jan 2013
This review is from: Build-Your-Own Giant 3D Kit Titanic (Toy)
For something somewhat made out of cardboard it produced a great model. Took about 4-5 hours to build for my 6 year old grandson. We both got a big kick out of putting it together. First class product.
4.0 out of 5 stars Great watch, but......, 30 Nov 2012
Could have been 5 star if the tachymeter instructions had been included. For �38 on Black Friday it made it bright Friday. Tells the time - has a number of excellent features, and most of all was not over priced at its normal price. I could have had a watch with a much bigger discount, and a lot less features. Hats of to Mr Sekonda -great watch - great price.


text:
Holiday Inn Locations & Hours Near Ashburn, Virginia - YP.com
Ashburn, VA Holiday Inn
1. Holiday Inn Washington-Dulles Intl Airport
4. Holiday Inn Chantilly-Dulles Expo (Arpt)
5. Holiday Inn Manassas - Battlefield
10424 Balls Ford RdManassas, VA 20109
From Business: Welcome to the newest hotel in Northern Virginia, the Holiday Inn Manassas Battlefield, our hotel features a convenient location, right off I-66, & is just a half…
6. Holiday Inn Gaithersburg
7. Holiday Inn Express Fairfax - Arlington Boulevard
8. Holiday Inn Express & Suites Manassas
9. Holiday Inn Express & Suites Germantown - Gaithersburg
10. Holiday Inn Arlington At Ballston
11. Holiday Inn Rosslyn @ Key Bridge
1900 Fort Myer DrArlington, VA 22209
From Business: IHG Rewards Club Members: Get better savings with YOUR RATE. Book hotels direct at holidayinn.com for our lowest rates. You won't find these anywhere else. Arling…
12. Holiday Inn Express Washington DC SW - Springfield
13. Holiday Inn Frederick-Conf Ctr at FSK Mall
5400 Holiday DrFrederick, MD 21703
15. Holiday Inn Washington-Central/White House
16. Holiday Inn National Airport/Crystal City
18. Holiday Inn Alexandria - Carlyle
19. Holiday Inn Express Washington DC N-Silver Spring
20. Holiday Inn Express Charles Town
681 Flowing Springs RdRanson, WV 25438
21. Holiday Inn Express & Suites Warrenton
22. Holiday Inn Express & Suites Woodbridge
23. Holiday Inn Express & Suites Alexandria - Fort Belvoir
24. Holiday Inn Reagan
(703) 842-1238
From Business: Welcome to the Finest of Arlington, Virginia Hotels Situated near Washington, D.C., the full-service Holiday Inn National Airport/Crystal City offers superior com…
25. Holiday Inn Dumfries - Quantico Center
26. Holiday Inn Washington-College Pk (I-95)
27. Holiday Inn Express & Suites Washington DC Northeast
28. Holiday Inn Express & Suites College Park-University Area
29. Holiday Inn Express Washington DC - BW Parkway
customertestimonials rated
"Leslie helped my husband and ...
"Leslie helped my husband and I have the most perfect honeymoon in Italy that we could have ever imagined. She was always available when we had questions, met with us personally on multiple occasions, and arranged with the providers to ensure that we had excellent service. She even gave us a detailed itinerary that were able to carry with us to help us stay organized as we visiting over 4 cities on our trip--what a HUGE help this was! If you are looking for the best of the best, you have come to the right place. Leslie is the sweetest, most knowledgeable, and organized travel agent you could find. Thanks again for everything--we are excited to plan our next trip with you!!"Stefanie and Joe - Broadlands VA - June 2011"Working with Leslie Lash at Pamper Me Travel was a delight!!The cruise was the perfect match for us! I look forward to planning a vacation again with Leslie."Tracy - Vienna VA - June 2011"This was my first cruise-and definitely won't be my last with Pamper Me Travel. It was an amazing experience and was extremly well organized and all plans carried through nicely. Great Job :)"Kellie - Sterling, VA - May 2011"My first cruise and Pampered Travel could not have been more helpful with my questions and concerns. Was definitely in good hands with Leslie - - and the cruise was problem-free and everything I hoped."Pam - VA - May 2011
pmt-testimonials rated
"I would have to say, that Les...
"I would have to say, that Leslie is a lifesaver!!! She worked with me at all times via text and email. She dedicates so much time to help me and my husband find the exact fit for our dream vacation. She is more than friendly and so caring. She took a huge weight off my shoulders in helping to plan my trip...even though I am sure all of my daily/hourly changes and requests caused some headache, she ALWAYS provided me with all the information/suggestions she could find and knew. THANKS LESLIE...can't wait to plan my next vacation with you, and I will be referring my parents :)"Amanda - Potomac Falls, VA - June 2011

value: This website is a United States-based web site operated by YP Holdings that provides listings for local businesses. In 2013 it was re-branded as YP.com or simply "YP".


text:
Free breakfast - Review of Ecopackers - TripAdvisor
Free breakfast - Review of Ecopackers
Ranked #3 of 554 Specialty Lodging in Cusco
Ask annallam about Ecopackers
All reviews eco packers bed dorm travel agency tv room a great place to meet table tennis bean bags machu picchu free breakfast is other travelers special thanks inca trail private room hot water communal areas enjoyed my stay south america
541 - 547 of 1,535 reviews
Good place- bad staff
Stayed in this place with my girlfriend in a double room. The room was basic but nice enough with a big, clean bathroom.
The hostel has lots to do and a good location but I didn't find the staff at the desk helpful at all. I explain to one girl a few things I needed help with, our room needing cleaning and a couple other things.she just carried on serving others and came back 45 mins later and asked why I was waiting?! She didn't seem bothered to help at all.She also gave us back our laundry when it was soaking wet! I asked them if they could book us a taxi and they happily obliged but then didn't so they ended up telling us to stop one on the street... That left us rushing. Just unhelpful!
Aside from that the place is ok, if I were going back though I'd deffinetly shop around before returning!
Ask Tutabellle about Ecopackers
Thank Tutabellle
EcoPackersPeru, Propietario at Ecopackers, responded to this reviewResponded October 11, 2013
We are glad to hear that you had an over all good experience in our establishment but unhappy at the same time.
We have certainly addresed our staff members about the problems you had with them, your laundry, and your taxi service.
We have since called to the attention of our laundry and taxi services the problems that you encountered.
Please receive our sincere apologies on behalf of the Ecopackers Team.
one of my favoiurite hostels in south america so far...
pretty courtyard, nice tv room with beanbags and lots of dvds to use for free
the bathrooms were always clean
the breakfast was amazing- the nicest guacamole i have ever tasted! and unlimited bread and whatever they brought with it
so near the centre of cusco and definately worth the money
Ask ciara l about Ecopackers
Everything I look for in a Hostel.
Ask gnitnuj about Ecopackers
#14 of 554 in Cusco
TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Priceline, Expedia, Hotels.com, HostelWorld, Booking.com, TripOnline SA, Travelocity and Agoda so you can book your Ecopackers reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.

value: This website is an American online travel company that operates a website and mobile app with user-generated content and a comparison shopping website.


text:
Patent US7055928 - Alignment pattern detecting sensor, method of determining acceptance width ... - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign in<nobr>Advanced Patent Search</nobr>PatentsAn image forming apparatus includes an alignment pattern and an alignment pattern detector that detects the alignment pattern. The alignment pattern is formed in such a manner that a line image of a reference color and a line image of a color other than the reference color are superposed on each other...http://www.google.com/patents/US7055928?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7055928 - Alignment pattern detecting sensor, method of determining acceptance width of the alignment pattern detecting sensor, method of forming alignment pattern, and image forming apparatusAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS7055928 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 10/722,490Publication dateJun 6, 2006Filing dateNov 28, 2003Priority dateNov 29, 2002Fee statusPaidAlso published asDE60323454D1, EP1437631A1, EP1437631B1, US7438379, US20040165025, US20060222419Publication number10722490, 722490, US 7055928 B2, US 7055928B2, US-B2-7055928, US7055928 B2, US7055928B2InventorsHitoshi Ishibashi, Noboru SawayamaOriginal AssigneeRicoh Company, Ltd.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (28), Non-Patent Citations (1), Referenced by (7), Classifications (25), Legal Events (3) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetAlignment pattern detecting sensor, method of determining acceptance width of the alignment pattern detecting sensor, method of forming alignment pattern, and image forming apparatusUS 7055928 B2Abstract An image forming apparatus includes an alignment pattern and an alignment pattern detector that detects the alignment pattern. The alignment pattern is formed in such a manner that a line image of a reference color and a line image of a color other than the reference color are superposed on each other with a predetermined shift amount. An acceptance width of the alignment pattern detector is determined so that the acceptance width satisfies a relation with a writing density of the image forming apparatus and a line width of the alignment pattern, as follows:
[acceptance width]>[line width]/(5.0627�[writing density (dpi)]−0.5331).
[line width]<[acceptance width]�(α�[writing density (dpi)]−β).
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS The present document incorporates by reference the entire contents of Japanese priority document, 2002-347814 filed in Japan on Nov. 29, 2002 and 2002-347844 filed in Japan on Nov. 29, 2002.
Line width: 24 dots (=25.4/600�1000�24=1.016 millimeters)
. . . commonly set for the Bk line and the color line Shift amount: 4 dots (=25.4/600�1000�4=169.3 micrometers) Total number of patches: 13 patches (at P1 and P13, the two lines are not superposed perfectly, but at P7, the two lines are perfectly superposed on each other) Repetition number of line: 1 Detailed Parameters of the Detection Pattern as illustrated in FIG. 40:
Line width: 10 dots (=25.4/600�1000�10=0.423 millimeters)
. . . commonly set for the Bk line and the color line Shift amount: 1 dot (=25.4/600�1000�1=42.3 micrometers) Total number of patches: 21 patches (at P1 and P21, the two lines are not superposed perfectly, but at P11, the two lines are perfectly superposed on each other) Repetition number of line: 1 Detecting Sensor (detailed specification of the sensor as illustrated in FIG. 38A and FIG. 38B): Light emission side:
Element: GaAs infrared light emitting diode (peak emission wavelength, λp=950 nanometers) Top view type spot diameter: 1.0 millimeter Light reception side:
Element: Si phototransistor (peak spectral sensitivity, λp=800 nanometers) Top view type spot diameter:
Regular reflected light receiving side: 1.0 millimeter Diffused light receiving side: 3.0 millimeters Detection distance: 5 millimeters (distance from upper part of the sensor to a target surface (patch) to be detected) Linear Velocity:
245 mm/sec [sampling frequency] 500 sampling/sec In the experiments, the alignment pattern was formed on the transfer belt so as to substantially match between the center of the Bk line and the center of the light receiving plane of the sensor.
[acceptance width]>[line width]/(α�[writing density(dpi)]−β).
Detecting Sensor (detailed specification of the sensor as illustrated in FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B): Light emission side:
Regular reflected light receiving side: 1.0 millimeter Diffused light receiving side: 3.0 millimeters Detection distance: 5 millimeters (distance from upper part of the sensor to a target surface (patch) to be detected) The alignment patterns Pm are formed at three positions, opposite ends and the center of the transfer belt 18 as illustrated in FIG. 4. Corresponding three pieces (40 a, 40 b, 40 c) of the alignment pattern detecting sensor 40 are provided by being supported by support bases (not shown). The two sensors provided at the opposite ends of the transfer belt 18 detect a misalignment of the alignment pattern Pm for detecting a misalignment in the main scanning direction as illustrated in FIG. 2 to thereby correct the misalignment in the main scanning direction and a magnification error. The three sensors provided at the opposite ends and the center of the transfer belt 18 detect a misalignment of an alignment pattern Ps for detecting a misalignment in the sub-scanning direction as illustrated in FIG. 29 to thereby correct the misalignment in the sub-scanning and skew.
[line width/acceptance width]<5.0627�[writing density]−0.5331 [left side]=[line width/acceptance width]=[0.25/3.0]=0.0833[right side]=5.0627�[writing density]0.5331=0.167 Therefore, [left side]<[right side] is satisfied. The reason of setting such conditions in correlation among the line width, acceptance width, and the writing density, that is, the approach of embodying the present invention and the basis of the present invention are explained below.
Calculation Expression: As illustrated in FIG. 9, the area S of a rectangle of one section positioned at a distance �a� from the center of the light receiving plane is expressed by a function of the distance �a� from the center of the light receiving plane, such that S=2�[a�tan(a cos(a/1.5))]�(25.4/600).
Pattern construction: a repetition of a Bk line and a color line is designated as one patch, and a plurality of patches, each in which the color line is shifted by an arbitrary amount with respect to the Bk line, are continuously formed. Light receiving diameter of the sensor: diameter=3.0 mm Error Factor and Reference:
Line width (Bk, Color): 3 dots, 6 dots, 12 dots, 18 dots, and 24 dots (calculated by (1 dot=42.3 micrometers (600 dpi)). One examples of calculation results by the simulation are illustrated in FIGS. 10A, 10B through FIGS. 12A and 12B. The results are obtained based on the condition such that the line width of Bk and a color is 24 dots (=1.016 millimeters) while the light receiving diameter of the sensor is 3 millimeters.
[Line width/acceptance width]<5.0627�[writing density (dpi)]−0.5331 Based on this relation, because the writing density of the color printer of FIG. 1 is 600 dpi, the following expression is obtained.
[Line width/acceptance width]<5.0627�[600 (dpi)]−0.5331<0.167
[Line width]>2�[maximum deviation to be corrected]>2�5[dot]>10[dot]
[Line width/acceptance width]>5.0627�[600 (dpi)]−0.5331 <0.167
[Acceptance width]>0.423[mm]/0.167>2.53 millimeters or more
Output voltage of regular reflected light [v]
The output voltage of P1 and P13=0.12 (Bk solid)�0.5+1.91 (C solid)�0.5=1.015 volts. The output voltage of P7=0.12 (Bk solid)�0.5+4.0 (belt portion)�0.5=2.06 volts. Case where �Bk line group� is formed under �color line group�: Each output voltage of the patches is plotted with respect to �arbitrary shift amount of the color line on the x-axis�, the results are as illustrated in FIG. 23. From FIG. 23, the followings are found.
Output voltage of diffused light [v]
The output voltage of P1 and P13=0.16 (Bk solid)�0.5+3.42 (C solid)�0.5=1.79 volts. The output voltage of P7=0.16 (Bk solid)�0.5+0.07 (belt portion)�0.5=0.115 volt. Case where �Bk line group� is formed under �color line group�:
(a) The output voltage becomes the smallest in the patch (P7) where the two color lines are perfectly superposed on each other, and the output voltage of the patch is determined by the output voltage of �the color line group�. (b) The output difference between the maximum value (P1, P13) and the minimum value (P7) is increased when the �black line group� is over the �color line group�, as compared with when the �black line group� is under the �color line group�. As explained above, the output of the maximum value (P7), when detection is performed by the diffused light, is determined by the output (∝lightness) from the �color line group�. Therefore,
P1�P7
P7�P13
P2�P4
P10�P12
[acceptance width]>[line width]/(5.0627�[writing density (dpi)]−0.5331)
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS5384628Oct 8, 1993Jan 24, 1995Ricoh Company, Ltd.Developing device for image forming equipmentUS5438401Sep 23, 1994Aug 1, 1995Ricoh Company, Ltd.Multicolor image forming method and apparatus thereforUS5623330Apr 15, 1996Apr 22, 1997Ricoh Company, Ltd.Image forming apparatusUS5627649Jun 17, 1993May 6, 1997Ricoh Company, Ltd.Method and device for correcting a position for writing an imageUS5630195Jan 11, 1996May 13, 1997Ricoh Company, Ltd.Color toner density sensor and image forming apparatus using the sameUS5659843Mar 6, 1995Aug 19, 1997Ricoh Company, Ltd.Image transferring device for image forming equipmentUS5729353Mar 4, 1997Mar 17, 1998Ricoh Company, Ltd.Method and device for correcting a position for writing an image on a transport beltUS5761570Mar 12, 1997Jun 2, 1998Ricoh Company, Ltd.Color toner density sensor and image forming apparatus using the sameUS6022154 *Oct 6, 1998Feb 8, 2000Agfa CorporationImage position error detection technique using parallel lines and embedded symbols to alert an operator of a mis-registration eventUS6249304Oct 6, 1997Jun 19, 2001Ricoh Company, Ltd.Image forming apparatus and image forming method for forming color images by gray-level image forming techniqueUS6342910May 30, 2000Jan 29, 2002Ricoh Company, Ltd.Image forming apparatus to form smooth image with inconspicuous granularityUS6360065Aug 2, 2000Mar 19, 2002Ricoh Co., Ltd.Method and apparatus for image forming capable of effectively generating a consistent charge potentialUS6408156Aug 16, 2000Jun 18, 2002Oki Data CorporationImage recording apparatus in which a plurality of images of different colors are printed in registrationUS6415129Mar 15, 2001Jul 2, 2002Ricoh Company, Ltd.Electrophotographic image forming apparatus, cleaning unit for the same and brush roller for the sameUS6470161Apr 6, 2001Oct 22, 2002Ricoh Company, Ltd.Apparatus for minimizing toner contamination on an image formation memberUS6505022Mar 19, 2001Jan 7, 2003Ricoh Co., Ltd.Image forming apparatus having protective layer on the surface of image bearing member to avoid adhesion of film of additives to image bearing memberUS6519428Nov 15, 2000Feb 11, 2003Ricoh Company, Ltd.Image forming apparatus having mixed toner consumption modeUS6546219Feb 8, 2001Apr 8, 2003Ricoh Company, Ltd.Method and apparatus for performing a charging process on an image carrying deviceUS6665503Mar 29, 2002Dec 16, 2003Ricoh Company, Ltd.Permeability detection apparatus, image forming apparatus or digital copier using the same, toner concentration detection apparatus, and electric conductivity detection apparatusUS20030180057Feb 27, 2003Sep 25, 2003Masaichi SawadaImage forming apparatusEP1074894A2Jul 19, 2000Feb 7, 2001Seiko Epson CorporationImage forming apparatus and methodJP3254244B2 Title not availableJP2000081745A Title not availableJP2001209223A Title not availableJP2002040746A Title not availableJP2002229280A Title not availableJPH0719084A Title not availableJPH10329381A Title not available* Cited by examinerNon-Patent CitationsReference1Patent Abstracts of Japan, JP 06-001002, Jan. 11, 1994.Referenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS7489328 *May 31, 2006Feb 10, 2009Ricoh Company, LimitedImage correction in an image forming apparatus and image forming methodUS7616909Apr 11, 2007Nov 10, 2009Ricoh Company, Ltd.Image forming apparatus and image forming methodUS7684718 *Feb 27, 2007Mar 23, 2010Oki Data CorportionColor image recording apparatus for determining a color shift value between image forming unitsUS7894109 *Aug 1, 2006Feb 22, 2011Xerox CorporationSystem and method for characterizing spatial variance of color separation misregistrationUS8175471Dec 7, 2007May 8, 2012Ricoh Company, Ltd.Image forming apparatus and image density control methodUS8287076 *Sep 9, 2010Oct 16, 2012Ricoh Company, Ltd.Conveying distance control device, recording apparatus, conveying distance control method, and storage mediumUS20110063356 *Sep 9, 2010Mar 17, 2011Ricoh Company, Ltd.Conveying distance control device, recording apparatus, conveying distance control method, and storage medium* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification347/19International ClassificationH04N1/00, H04N1/047, H04N1/50, G03G15/01, B41J29/393Cooperative ClassificationH04N1/00018, H04N1/00045, G03G2215/0161, G03G15/0178, H04N1/047, H04N1/00002, H04N1/00087, H04N1/506, H04N1/00015, H04N1/00034European ClassificationH04N1/00A2D, H04N1/00A4C5, H04N1/00A2E, H04N1/00A3J, H04N1/00A3D, H04N1/00A, G03G15/01S2, H04N1/047, H04N1/50DLegal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionDec 2, 2013FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8Nov 4, 2009FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4May 12, 2004ASAssignmentOwner name: RICOH COMPANY, LTD., JAPANFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ISHIBASHI, HITOSHI;SAWAYAMA, NOBORU;REEL/FRAME:015314/0697Effective date: 20031226RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services©2012 Google


text:
Items similar to travel journal // sketch book // journal on Etsy
hand bound journal / sketch book
1970 MOO Vintage Book Journal
The first of Octember, Recycled Journal, Notebook
Antiquarian style handmade genuine leather journal / sketch book | GN007655
GREENCHICHI
Primary Dictionary for Australia, Recycled Book Journal, Notebook
Living in the Desert, Recycled Journal, Notebook
Far Eastern Cooking for Pleasure, Recycled Book Journal & Notebook
Zig Zag Handmade Book
Moleskin journal or sketch book with vintage wallpaper
Books, Movies & Music Books Blank Books Journals & Notebooks handmade journal book sketchbook handmade journal handmade book handmade sketchbook recycled journal hand bound journal hand bound book hand bound romance recycled book

value: This website is an American e-commerce company focused on handmade or vintage items and craft supplies.


text:
FLOPS - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Megaflop)
For other uses, see Flop.
kFLOPS
EFLOPS
ZFLOPS
YFLOPS
In computing, FLOPS or flops (an acronym for FLoating-point Operations Per Second) is a measure of computer performance, useful in fields of scientific calculations that make heavy use of floating-point calculations. For such cases it is a more accurate measure than the generic instructions per second.
Although the final S stands for "second", singular "flop" is often used, either as a back formation or an abbreviation for "FLoating-point OPeration"; e.g. a flop count is a count of these operations carried out by a given algorithm or computer program.
2.1 Single computer records
2.2 Distributed computing records
2.3 Future developments
3 Cost of computing
3.1 Hardware costs
4 Floating-point operation and integer operation
4.1 Fixed-point (integers)
4.2 Floating-point (real numbers)
4.3 Dynamic range and precision
FLOPS can be calculated using this equation:[1]
Most microprocessors today can carry out 4 FLOPs per clock cycle;[1] thus a single-core 2.5 GHz processor has a theoretical performance of 10 billion FLOPS = 10 GFLOPS.
Note: In this context, sockets is referring to processor chip sockets on a motherboard, in other words, how many processor chips are in use, with each chip having one or more cores on it. This equation only applies to one very specific (but common) hardware architecture and it ignores limits imposed by memory bandwidth and other constraints. In general, gigaFLOPS are not determined by theoretical calculations such as this one; instead, they are measured by benchmarks of actual performance/throughput. Because this equation ignores all sources of overhead, in the real world, one will never get actual performance that is anywhere near to what this equation predicts.
Single computer records[edit]
In late 1996, Intel's ASCI Red was the world's first computer to achieve one TFLOPS and beyond. Sandia director Bill Camp said that ASCI Red had the best reliability of any supercomputer ever built, and “was supercomputing’s high-water mark in longevity, price, and performance.” [2]
NEC's SX-9 supercomputer was the world's first vector processor to exceed 100 gigaFLOPS per single core.
For comparison, a handheld calculator performs relatively few FLOPS. A computer response time below 0.1 second in a calculation context is usually perceived as instantaneous by a human operator,[3] so a simple calculator needs only about 10 FLOPS to be considered functional.
In June 2006, a new computer was announced by Japanese research institute RIKEN, the MDGRAPE-3. The computer's performance tops out at one petaFLOPS, almost two times faster than the Blue Gene/L, but MDGRAPE-3 is not a general purpose computer, which is why it does not appear in the Top500.org list. It has special-purpose pipelines for simulating molecular dynamics.
By 2007, Intel Corporation unveiled the experimental multi-core POLARIS chip, which achieves 1 TFLOPS at 3.13 GHz. The 80-core chip can raise this result to 2 TFLOPS at 6.26 GHz, although the thermal dissipation at this frequency exceeds 190 watts.[4]
On June 26, 2007, IBM announced the second generation of its top supercomputer, dubbed Blue Gene/P and designed to continuously operate at speeds exceeding one petaFLOPS. When configured to do so, it can reach speeds in excess of three petaFLOPS.[5]
In June 2007, Top500.org reported the fastest computer in the world to be the IBM Blue Gene/L supercomputer, measuring a peak of 596 teraFLOPS.[6] The Cray XT4 hit second place with 101.7 teraFLOPS.
On October 25, 2007, NEC Corporation of Japan issued a press release announcing its SX series model SX-9,[7] claiming it to be the world's fastest vector supercomputer. The SX-9 features the first CPU capable of a peak vector performance of 102.4 gigaFLOPS per single core.
On February 4, 2008, the NSF and the University of Texas at Austin opened full scale research runs on an AMD, Sun supercomputer named Ranger,[8] the most powerful supercomputing system in the world for open science research, which operates at sustained speed of 0.5 petaFLOPS.
On May 25, 2008, an American supercomputer built by IBM, named 'Roadrunner', reached the computing milestone of one petaflops by processing more than 1.026 quadrillion calculations per second. It headed the June 2008 and November 2008 TOP500 list of the most powerful supercomputers (excluding grid computers).[9][10] The computer is located at Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico, and the computer's name refers to the New Mexico state bird, the Greater Roadrunner.[11]
In June 2008, AMD released ATI Radeon HD4800 series, which are reported to be the first GPUs to achieve one teraFLOPS scale. On August 12, 2008, AMD released the ATI Radeon HD 4870X2 graphics card with two Radeon R770 GPUs totaling 2.4 teraFLOPS.
In November 2008, an upgrade to the Cray XT Jaguar supercomputer at the Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) raised the system's computing power to a peak 1.64 “petaflops,” or a quadrillion mathematical calculations per second, making Jaguar the world’s first petaflops system dedicated to open research. In early 2009 the supercomputer was named after a mythical creature, Kraken. Kraken was declared the world's fastest university-managed supercomputer and sixth fastest overall in the 2009 TOP500 list, which is the global standard for ranking supercomputers. In 2010 Kraken was upgraded and can operate faster and is more powerful.
In 2009, the Cray Jaguar performed at 1.75 petaFLOPS, beating the IBM Roadrunner for the number one spot on the TOP500 list.[12]
In October 2010, China unveiled the Tianhe-I, a supercomputer that operates at a peak computing rate of 2.5 petaflops.[13][14]
As of 2010[update], the fastest six-core PC processor reaches 109 gigaFLOPS (Intel Core i7 980 XE)[15] in double precision calculations. GPUs are considerably more powerful. For example, Nvidia Tesla C2050 GPU computing processors perform around 515 gigaFLOPS[16] in double precision calculations, and the AMD FireStream 9270 peaks at 240 gigaFLOPS.[17] In single precision performance, Nvidia Tesla C2050 computing processors perform around 1.03 teraFLOPS and the AMD FireStream 9270 cards peak at 1.2 teraFLOPS. Both Nvidia and AMD's consumer gaming GPUs may reach higher FLOPS. For example, AMD’s HemlockXT 5970[18] reaches 928 gigaFLOPS in double precision calculations with two GPUs on board and the Nvidia GTX 480 reaches 672 gigaFLOPS[19] with one GPU on board.
On December 2, 2010, the US Air Force unveiled a defense supercomputer made up of 1,760 PlayStation 3 consoles that can run 500 trillion floating-point operations per second.[20] (500 teraFLOPS)
In November 2011, it was announced that Japan had achieved 10.51 petaflops with its K computer.[21] It is still under development and software performance tuning is currently underway. It has 88,128 SPARC64 VIIIfx processors in 864 racks, with theoretical performance of 11.28 petaflops. It is named after the Japanese word "kei", which stands for 10 quadrillion,[22] corresponding to the target speed of 10 petaFLOPS.
On November 15, 2011, Intel demonstrated a single x86-based processor, code-named "Knights Corner", sustaining more than a TeraFlop on a wide range of DGEMM operations. Intel emphasized during the demonstration that this was a sustained TeraFlop (not "raw TeraFlop" used by others to get higher but less meaningful numbers), and that it was the first general purpose processor to ever cross a TeraFlop.[23][24]
On June 18, 2012, IBM's Sequoia supercomputer system, based at the U.S. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), reached 16 petaFLOPS, setting the world record and claiming first place in the latest TOP500 list.[25]
On November 12, 2012, the TOP500 list certified Titan as the world's fastest supercomputer per the LINPACK benchmark, at 17.59 petaFLOPS.[26][27] It was developed by Cray Inc. at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and combines AMD Opteron processors with “Kepler” NVIDIA Tesla graphic processing unit (GPU) technologies.[28][29]
On June 10, 2013, China's Tianhe-2 was ranked the world's fastest with a record of 33.86 petaFLOPS.[30]

value: This website is the English-language edition of the free online encyclopedia Wikipedia. It was founded on 15 January 2001 as Wikipedia's first edition and, as of October 2021, has the most articles of any edition, at 6,412,521.


text:
1,47312054
plugins sparql insertion protege deletion asked Dec 4 '13 at 16:41
java data-structures binary-search-tree insertion asked Oct 30 '13 at 3:46
I have a homework assignment to implement a binary search tree (create, delete, search). I used the example provided by the teacher but I can't make it work.
c binary-search-tree insertion asked Oct 23 '13 at 19:52
java sorting pseudocode insertion asked Oct 11 '13 at 16:40

value: This website is a question and answer website for professional and enthusiast programmers. It is the flagship site of the Stack Exchange Network, created in 2008 by Jeff Atwood and Joel Spolsky.


text:
golf swing speed | eBay Please enable JavaScript Our new search experience requires JavaScript to be enabled. Please enable JavaScript on your browser, then try again.
Skip to main contenteBayShop by categoryEnter your search keywordAll CategoriesAntiquesArtBabyBooksBusiness & IndustrialCameras & PhotoCell Phones & AccessoriesClothing, Shoes & AccessoriesCoins & Paper MoneyCollectiblesComputers/Tablets & NetworkingConsumer ElectronicsCraftsDolls & BearsDVDs & MovieseBay MotorsEntertainment MemorabiliaGift Cards & CouponsHealth & BeautyHome & GardenJewelry & WatchesMusicMusical Instruments & GearPet SuppliesPottery & GlassReal EstateSpecialty ServicesSporting GoodsSports Mem, Cards & Fan ShopStampsTickets & ExperiencesToys & HobbiesTravelVideo Games & ConsolesEverything ElseAdvanced or register':' style="margin-right:3px">Hi -User-!'.replace(/-User-/,escape(a)))+"")}catch(b){document.write("")}})();Hi (Sign in to bid or buy)Daily DealsGift CardsSellHelp & ContactMy eBayExpand My eBaySummaryBids/OffersWatch listWish listAll listsPurchase historySellingMy CollectionsFollowed searchesMessagesNotification Related: golf swing speed radar golf swing analyzer golf launch monitor swing speed radar medicus power meter golf swing speed used ping anser 3 wood golf swing plane
results for golf swing speed
golf swing speed: Items in search results
New Callaway Speed Regime - Measures your Swing Speed!
Beltronics Bel Swing Mate Golf Swing Speed Measurement Device
GST-3G YUPITERU Atlas golf swing trainer Training Head Ball Speed Distance
Callaway Golf Speed Regime Swing Radar - Golf Swing Speed Measuring Device, New!
Authorized Retailer! Measure your swing speed!
THE SPEED STIK Golf Swing Trainer "SWING FASTER, HIT FARTHER, SCORE BETTER" 48"
SWING SPEED RADAR TEMPO TIMER GOLF SWING TRAINING AID W/CARD+POUCH USED WORKS
911 Tempo Golf Indoor Trainer ball club head speeds swing - Winter Trainer
Swing Speed Radar Timer Baseball Football Golf Tennis With Carrying Case
Setpro SP-1A Swing Speed Computer
Swing Speed Radar - Golf Training Aide
Speed Stik BLUE---Golf Swing Trainer- swing faster= farther
Swing Speed Radar (Callaway)
GOLF SWING TRAINER PRACTICE FAN PINWHEEL Power Speed Training Grip Guide Aid USA
YUPITERU Head Ball Speed Distance GST-3G Atlas golf swing trainer
New Momentus Golf Speed Whoosh Swing Trainer Ladies Righ Handed LRH
Golf books, swing-speed trainer, statue, great golf gifts
Swing Speed Radar Sports Sensor Golf NEW
Golf Swing Speed Radar by Sport Sensors, New
Anystick Golf Swing Training Aid Whistle Stick Power Rhythm Speed Trainer 1M
Nicklaus The Bear Offset irons 3-PW Graphite Shaft 95 - 104 mph swing speed
Swing Sock Tour Weight - 11oz. High Swing Speed Trainer
Flexible Golf Training Swing Strength Increase Club Head Speed Warmup Tool
MAXFLI MD90 Maximum Distance / Regular Swing Speed - Box of 15 - Gift Pack -NEW
Swing Trainer, Strength and Tempo Trainer, Golf practice, Swing Speed
THE SPEED STIK GOLF SWING SPEED TRAINER - 10 MPH INCREASE = 25 MORE YARDS
PERFECT SOLUTIONS Golf Swing-Speed Trainer, Accurately Measure Club Head Speed
NEW Swing Speed Radar Tempo Timer FREE WORLDWIDE SHIPPING! Golf Radar Gun SSRT
beltronics G 460 Swing - Mate Golf speed measuring device
Golf Swing Power Meter Measures Club Speed & Head Medicus Sports New Fast Shippi
Flex Strength Tempo Trainer Swing Practice Speed Accuracy Flexible Workout GIFT

value: This website is an American multinational e-commerce corporation based in San Jose, California, that facilitates consumer-to-consumer and business-to-consumer sales through its website.


text:
BBB Business Profile | A Xpert Air Conditioning | Request a Quote
Home > Arkansas > West Memphis > Heating and Air Conditioning > A Xpert Air Conditioning
(901) 336-3736
West Memphis, AR 72303-0825
Mr. Jesse Johnson, Owner/Manager
Mr. James C. Johnson, Owner

value: This website is a private, nonprofit organization whose self-described mission is to focus on advancing marketplace trust, consisting of 106 independently incorporated local BBB organizations in the United States and Canada, coordinated under the International Association of Better Business Bureaus  in Arlington, Virginia.The Better Business Bureau is not affiliated with any governmental agency. Businesses that affiliate with the BBB and adhere to its standards do so through industry self-regulation.


text:
Rangers 2-2 Greenock Morton - BBC Sport
SAT 12 Dec 2015 Scottish Championship
Waghorn (84' minutes)
Tavernier (31' minutes og),
McCluskey (82' minutes)
http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35014238
Morton led late on through Stefan McCluskey's goal
Rangers remain top of the Scottish Championship despite being held to a draw by a stubbornly resilient Greenock Morton side.
The visitors at Ibrox were never subdued, even when Kenny Miller scored after less than two minutes.
A James Tavernier own goal and a well-crafted finish by Stefan McCluskey put Morton in front.
They could only hold the lead for one minute, though, with Martyn Waghorn equalising from Lee Wallace's cut-back.
There was a sombre moment before kick-off, when the stadium united in paying silent respects to Arnold Peralta, the former Rangers midfielder who was shot dead in Honduras on Friday.
Rangers started well and Wallace made a typical bullish run down the left and prompted Connor Pepper, the Morton right-back, to barge him over.
Tavernier swept in the free-kick, and Miller rose to head the ball down and past the Morton goalkeeper Grant Adam.
The visitors could have been alarmed by conceding such an early goal, but there was time enough to regroup. Rangers can hoard possession, and for a spell there was a sprightliness of foot and thought by Gideon Zelalem, Barry McKay and Jason Holt that moved the ball around in bewitching patterns of play.
Ruthlessness is sometimes treated as an inconvenience, though, by Mark Warburton's side.
Stefan McCluskey (left) watches his shot go into the net to give Morton a late lead
Time and again, Rangers progressed to the edge of the Morton penalty area, only to then clutter up their play by moving the ball around looking for intricate passing angles for through balls. There seemed an unwillingness to move the ball down the flanks and sling crosses into the penalty area, so Morton stood firm and gained confidence and prominence with a series of counter-attacks that caused the home defence to reel.
One break up field eventually delivered, with McCluskey working the ball to Denny Johnstone, whose cross was turned past Wes Foderingham by Tavernier. It was an awkward attempt to clear the ball, but avoidable since he wasn't under any immediate pressure.
Rangers had spurned a couple of chances before then, Miller side-footing a shot straight at Adam and Rob Kiernan heading over, but they seldom broke beyond the Morton backline, which was sitting deep.
The visitors could hold firm to their game plan, since the onus was on Rangers to try to win the game and counter-attacking opportunities would be left in the wake of that ambition. The opening spell of the second-half was evidence of that, since the lively Bobby Barr raced up field behind Tavernier, gathered the ball, ran into the area and then stubbed his shot wide.
Rangers had not shaken off their tendency to be over-elaborate around the penalty area. Before they created a clear chance after the break, Johnstone swept a shot on target from inside the area, but Foderingham smothered the ball.
Rangers were less composed and playing with less authority than during the opening half. They kept probing the Morton defence, though, and there were half chances when Waghorn swept in a cross that Nicky Clark couldn't quite reach with his head, then Waghorn saw an effort from close range pushed away by Adam.
The game fell into a spell of scrappiness, which suited the visitors. They tried to buy time whenever they could, but they also knew that the Rangers defence was occasionally vulnerable. They took advatnage of that when Adam's long kick was flicked on by Johnstone. Kiernan should have dealt with the situation, but was robbed by McCluskey and he curled a shot past Foderingham.
Rangers were stung, but that prompted an urgency that contributed to a quick equaliser. There was immediate pressure on Morton, and Wallace raced down the left before crossing into the box, where Waghorn swept a first-time shot past Adam and into the net.
The game opened up in the final minutes, but neither side could capitalise, with Jason Holt blasting over in the final act.
6BallBooked at 44mins
8ZelalemSubstituted forShielsat 61'minutes
9MillerSubstituted forClarkat 61'minutes
19McKaySubstituted forOduwaat 73'minutes
15PepperBooked at 35mins
16BarrBooked at 45minsSubstituted forStevensonat 90+1'minutes
6MillerSubstituted forLamieat 88'minutes
11McCluskeyBooked at 74minsSubstituted forSamuelat 89'minutes
Match ends, Rangers 2, Morton 2.
Second Half ends, Rangers 2, Morton 2.
Attempt missed. Jason Holt (Rangers) right footed shot from the centre of the box is just a bit too high.
Substitution, Morton. Dylan Stevenson replaces Bobby Barr.
Attempt missed. Martyn Waghorn (Rangers) header from the centre of the box is just a bit too high.
Substitution, Morton. Alex Samuel replaces Stefan McCluskey.
Substitution, Morton. Ricki Lamie replaces Michael Miller.
Goal! Rangers 2, Morton 2. Martyn Waghorn (Rangers) right footed shot from the centre of the box to the high centre of the goal. Assisted by Lee Wallace.
Attempt saved. Nicky Clark (Rangers) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the centre of the goal.
Goal! Rangers 1, Morton 2. Stefan McCluskey (Morton) right footed shot from outside the box to the bottom right corner.
Attempt missed. Nathan Oduwa (Rangers) right footed shot from outside the box is too high.
Corner, Rangers. Conceded by Mark Russell.
Attempt missed. Ross Forbes (Morton) left footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the left.
Attempt saved. Denny Johnstone (Morton) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the top right corner.
Attempt missed. Nicky Clark (Rangers) header from the centre of the box is just a bit too high.
Corner, Rangers. Conceded by Joe McKee.
Attempt missed. Martyn Waghorn (Rangers) left footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the right.
Corner, Rangers. Conceded by Thomas O'Ware.
Attempt saved. Martyn Waghorn (Rangers) left footed shot from the centre of the box is saved in the top right corner.
DumbartonDumbarton1St MirrenSt Mirren0
LivingstonLivingston0AlloaAlloa Athletic1
RangersRangers2MortonGreenock Morton2
16 13 2 1 46 11 35 41
16 12 2 2 29 11 18 38
16 9 5 2 30 14 16 32
17 6 6 5 18 18 0 24
17 6 4 7 18 26 -8 22
17 5 2 10 17 31 -14 17
16 2 6 8 14 24 -10 12
16 3 2 11 17 24 -7 11
17 2 2 13 8 36 -28 8

value: This website is the BBC's online service. It is a large network of websites including such high-profile sites as BBC News and Sport, the on-demand video and radio services co-branded BBC iPlayer, the children's sites CBBC and CBeebies, and learning services such as Bitesize.


text:
Is exposure to tobacco associated with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma epidemics? A retrospective proportional mortality study in China. - PubMed - NCBI
1 selected item: 30975121
BMC Cancer. 2019 Apr 11;19(1):348. doi: 10.1186/s12885-019-5484-9.
Hou L1,2, Jiang J3, Liu B4,5, Han W1, Wu Y6, Zou X6, Xue F1, Chen Y6, Zhang B1, Pang H1, Wang Y1, Wang Z1, Hu Y1, Li J6.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences / School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, A505 Room Mingri Building, 5 Dongdansantiao Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences / School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, A505 Room Mingri Building, 5 Dongdansantiao Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, China. jingmeijiang@ibms.pumc.edu.cn.
Cancer Institute & Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences / Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. boqiliu@163.com.
National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China. boqiliu@163.com.
We included 55,806 participants aged 30 years or older from the National Mortality and Smoking Survey of China. Smoking in participants and spouses was defined as 1 cigarette or more per day for up to 1 year. Spouses' smoking was taken as a measure of exposure to passive smoking. Smoking information in 1980 was ascertained and outcomes were defined as ECC mortality during 1986-1988.
We found that either passive or active smoking increased the risk of death from ECC by 20% (risk ratio [RR], 1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.99-1.47), compared with no exposure to any tobacco. This risk was a notable 98% (RR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.49-2.64) for individuals exposed to passive plus active smoking. These findings were highly consistent among men and women. Pathology-based analyses showed dose-response relationships of ECC with pack-years for all types of smoking exposure (Ps for trend < 0.05); the RR reached 2.75 (95% CI, 1.20-6.30) in individuals exposed to combined smoking with the highest exposure dose. The findings were similar for non-pathology-based analysis.
Cholangiocarcinoma; Mortality; Population; Smoking
30975121
PMC6458766
10.1186/s12885-019-5484-9
BMC Cancer. 2019;19:348.
ICR/13/073/2013 UICC/UICC International Cancer Technology Transfer Fellowship/

value: This website is part of the United States National Library of Medicine , a branch of the National Institutes of Health . It is approved and funded by the government of the United States.


text:
'Resuscitation' of extremely preterm and/or low-birth-weight infants - time to 'call it'? - PubMed - NCBI
AbstractFormatSummarySummary (text)AbstractAbstract (text)MEDLINEXMLPMID ListApplySend to:Choose DestinationFileClipboardCollectionsE-mailOrderMy BibliographyCitation managerFormatSummary (text)Abstract (text)MEDLINEXMLPMID ListCSVCreate File1 selected item: 18525213FormatSummarySummary (text)AbstractAbstract (text)MEDLINEXMLPMID ListMeSH and Other DataE-mailSubjectAdditional textE-mailDidn't get the message? Find out why...Add to ClipboardAdd to CollectionsOrder articlesAdd to My BibliographyGenerate a file for use with external citation management software.Create File
See comment in PubMed Commons belowNeonatology. 2008;93(4):295-301. doi: 10.1159/000121455. Epub 2008 Jun 5.'Resuscitation' of extremely preterm and/or low-birth-weight infants - time to 'call it'?O'Donnell CP1.Author information1The National Maternity Hospital and Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. codonnell@nmh.ieAbstractSince ancient times, various methods have been used to revive apparently stillborn infants; many were of dubious efficacy and had the potential to cause harm. Based largely on studies of acutely asphyxiated term animal models, clinical assessment and positive pressure ventilation have become the cornerstones of neonatal resuscitation over the last 40 years. Over the last 25 years, care of extremely preterm infants in the delivery room has evolved from a policy of indifference to one of increasingly aggressive support. The survival of these infants has improved considerably in recent years; this has not, however, necessarily been due to more aggressive resuscitation. Urban myths have evolved that all extremely preterm infants died before they were intubated, and that all such infants need to immediately intubated or they will quickly die. This has never been true. Clinical assessment of infants at birth is subjective. Also, many techniques used to support preterm infants at birth have not been well studied and there is evidence that they may be harmful. It may thus be argued that many of our well-intentioned resuscitation interventions are of dubious efficacy and have the potential to cause harm. 'Resuscitation' is an emotive term which means 'restoration of life'. Death, thankfully, is a rare presentation in the delivery room. Therefore, concerning neonatal 'resuscitation', it is time to 'call it' something else. This will allow us to dispassionately distinguish preterm infants who are dead, or nearly dead, from those who are merely at high risk of parenchymal lung disease. We may then be able to refine our interventions and determine what methods of support benefit these infants most.(c) 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel.PMID: 18525213 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] SharePublication Types, MeSH TermsPublication TypesReviewMeSH TermsBronchopulmonary Dysplasia/etiologyBronchopulmonary Dysplasia/prevention & controlCardiopulmonary Resuscitation/adverse effectsCardiopulmonary Resuscitation/methods*Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/standardsDelivery RoomsGuidelines as TopicHumansInfant, Extremely Low Birth Weight*Infant, NewbornInfant, Premature*Infant, Very Low Birth Weight*Respiration, Artificial*/adverse effectsLinkOut - more resourcesFull Text SourcesS. Karger AG, Basel, SwitzerlandMedicalCPR - MedlinePlus Health InformationPremature Babies - MedlinePlus Health InformationPubMed Commons home


text:
Patent US6167513 - Mobile computing scheme using encryption and authentication processing based ... - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA mobile computing scheme capable of carrying out a proper packet transfer according to a current location of the mobile computer by accounting for the network operating policy. A mobile computer carries out a prescribed communication processing according to recognition results as to whether the mobile...http://www.google.com/patents/US6167513?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6167513 - Mobile computing scheme using encryption and authentication processing based on mobile computer location and network operating policyAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS6167513 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 08/962,332Publication dateDec 26, 2000Filing dateOct 31, 1997Priority dateNov 1, 1996Fee statusLapsedPublication number08962332, 962332, US 6167513 A, US 6167513A, US-A-6167513, US6167513 A, US6167513AInventorsAtsushi Inoue, Masahiro Ishiyama, Atsushi Fukumoto, Yoshiyuki Tsuda, Atsushi Shimbo, Toshio OkamotoOriginal AssigneeKabushiki Kaisha ToshibaExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (6), Referenced by (189), Classifications (18), Legal Events (6) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetMobile computing scheme using encryption and authentication processing based on mobile computer location and network operating policy
4. The mobile computer of claim 1, wherein when a received packet is encrypted and attached with an end-to-end authentication data for an authentication to be carried out between end nodes involved in a cipher communication,the communication unit inspects the end-to-end authentication data, and if an authenticity of the end-to-end authentication data is checked, the communication unit obtains an actual transfer data by decrypting a prescribed communication content of the received packet while removing the end-to-end authentication data. 5. The mobile computer of claim 1, wherein when the first recognition unit recognizes that said mobile computer is located outside the home network, the communication unit transmits a registration message including a current location information of said mobile computer after applying the encryption and authentication processing, toward said mobile computer management device, andwhen a passing refuse response is returned from one packet processing device on a packet transfer route in response to the registration message, the communication unit acquires an information on an authentication key of said one packet processing device and re-transmits the registration message by attaching an authentication code using said authentication key. 6. The mobile computer of claim 1, wherein when the first recognition unit recognizes that said mobile computer is located inside the home network,the communication unit transmits a registration message containing a current location information of said mobile computer without applying the encryption and authentication processing, toward said mobile computer management device in the home network. 7. The mobile computer of claim 1, wherein when the first recognition unit recognizes that said mobile computer is located inside the home network,the communication unit transmits a packet without applying the encryption and authentication processing, toward the correspondent computer. 8. The mobile computer of claim 1, wherein when the second recognition unit recognizes that there exists a packet processing device which has a packet transmitted by said mobile computer as well as a packet transmitted by the correspondent computer as the encryption and authentication processing target,the communication unit transmits a packet without applying the encryption and authentication processing, toward the correspondent computer. 9. The mobile computer of claim 1, wherein when the first recognition unit recognizes that said mobile computer is located outside the home network and the second recognition unit recognizes that there exists one packet processing device which has a packet transmitted by said mobile computer as the encryption and authentication processing target and there exists another packet processing device which has a packet transmitted by the correspondent computer as the encryption and authentication processing target, while it is ascertained that said one packet processing device allows to pass a packet transmitted by said mobile computer to outside without applying an authentication processing,the communication unit transmits a packet in which a prescribed communication content is encrypted and to which an end-to-end authentication data is attached, toward the correspondent computer. 10. The mobile computer of claim 1, wherein when the first recognition unit recognizes that said mobile computer is located outside the home network and the second recognition unit recognizes that there exists one packet processing device which has a packet transmitted by said mobile computer as the encryption and authentication processing target and there exists another packet processing device which has a packet transmitted by the correspondent computer as the encryption and authentication processing target, while it is ascertained that said one packet processing device does not allow to pass a packet transmitted by said mobile computer to outside without applying an authentication processing,the communication unit transmits a packet in which a prescribed communication content is encrypted and to which an end-to-end authentication data and a link authentication data are attached, toward the correspondent computer. 11. The mobile computer of claim 1, wherein when the first recognition unit recognizes that said mobile computer is located outside the home network and the second recognition unit recognizes that there is no packet processing device which has a packet transmitted by said mobile computer as the encryption and authentication processing target,the communication unit transmits a packet in which a prescribed communication content is encrypted and to which an end-to-end authentication data is attached, toward the correspondent computer. 12. The mobile computer of claim 1, wherein when the second recognition unit recognizes that there exists a packet processing device which has a packet transmitted by said mobile computer as the encryption and authentication processing target and there is no packet processing device which has a packet transmitted by the correspondent computer as the encryption and authentication processing target,the communication unit transmits a packet without applying the encryption and authentication processing, toward the correspondent computer. 13. The mobile computer of claim 1, wherein when the first recognition unit recognizes that said mobile computer is located inside the home network and the second recognition unit recognizes that there is no packet processing device which has a packet transmitted by said mobile computer as the encryption and authentication processing target,the communication unit carries out a direct plaintext communication with the correspondent computer. 14. The mobile computer of claim 1, wherein when the first recognition unit recognizes that said mobile computer is located outside the home network and the second recognition unit recognizes that there exists a packet processing device which has a packet transmitted by said mobile computer as the encryption and authentication processing target and there is no packet processing device which has a packet transmitted by the correspondent computer as the encryption and authentication processing target,the communication unit carries out a plaintext communication in which a packet destined to said mobile computer is routed by said mobile computer management device. 15. The mobile computer of claim 1, wherein when the first