text:
Balkan 'Wild Beauty' Montenegro faces waste disposal woes threatening booming tourism, EU bid | Fox News
Balkan 'Wild Beauty' Montenegro faces waste disposal woes threatening booming tourism, EU bid
In this photo taken Tuesday, Nov. 4, 2014, a boat sails near a pile of jumbo bags filled with hazardous grit in an shipyard in Bijela, Montenegro. Montenegro takes pride in its majestic Adriatic coastline and towering mountains rising from the sea, lined with rivers, streams and lakes. But the so-called Balkan Wild Beauty also faces an ugly problem of waste disposal that is threatening both its natural wonders and lucrative tourism industry. (AP Photo/Darko Vojinovic) (The Associated Press)
In this photo taken Monday, Nov. 3, 2014, gulls flying over basin with the red mud of a fallen aluminum giant, which was once the pride of Socialist-era industry outside Podgorica, the capital of Montenegro. Montenegro takes pride in its majestic Adriatic coastline and towering mountains rising from the sea, lined with rivers, streams and lakes. But the so-called Balkan Wild Beauty also faces an ugly problem of waste disposal that is threatening both its natural wonders and lucrative tourism industry. (AP Photo/Darko Vojinovic) (The Associated Press)
In this photo taken Tuesday, Nov. 4, 2014, a dog stands on a pile of jumbo bags filled with hazardous grit in an shipyard in Bijela, Montenegro. Montenegro takes pride in its majestic Adriatic coastline and towering mountains rising from the sea, lined with rivers, streams and lakes. But the so-called Balkan Wild Beauty also faces an ugly problem of waste disposal that is threatening both its natural wonders and lucrative tourism industry. (AP Photo/Darko Vojinovic) (The Associated Press)
PODGORICA, Montenegro – Montenegro takes pride in its majestic Adriatic coastline and towering mountains rising from the sea, lined with rivers, streams and lakes. But the so-called Balkan Wild Beauty is now faced with the problem of waste disposal that is threatening both its natural wonders and its lucrative tourism industry.
The problem is visible just outside the capital, Podgorica, where colonies of gulls and cormorants rest on the shores of two huge red mud basins of a fallen aluminum giant, which was once the pride of Socialist-era industry. The basins — along with thousands of tons of solid open-air waste — are located within the smelter complex, which is about 100 meters (330 feet) from Montenegro's main Moraca river, a tributary of the internationally renowned natural preserve of Skadar Lake.
Down by the Adriatic coast, tons of hazardous grit have been piled in an old shipyard in Bijela within sight of Porto Montenegro, one of the biggest and most luxurious of all the yachting marinas on the Adriatic. The byproduct of ship-building can be used in road construction, but only after being processed at a waste facility — which doesn't exist in Montenegro, Kovacevic said.


text:
Patent US5589528 - Biodegradable adhesives from hydrcolloids and water - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA water-soluble, biodegradable, repulpable, waterbearing colloidal hydrogel material manufactured from a mixture of natural organic materials, water and additives which is capable of being heated and applied with hot melt glue application equipment for use in paper bag sealing, corrugated and paperboard...http://www.google.com/patents/US5589528?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US5589528 - Biodegradable adhesives from hydrcolloids and waterAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS5589528 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 08/598,089Publication dateDec 31, 1996Filing dateFeb 7, 1996Priority dateJun 13, 1994Fee statusLapsedPublication number08598089, 598089, US 5589528 A, US 5589528A, US-A-5589528, US5589528 A, US5589528AInventorsLawrence S. BogardyOriginal AssigneeBogardy; Lawrence S.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (9), Referenced by (5), Classifications (22), Legal Events (3) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetBiodegradable adhesives from hydrcolloids and water
US 5589528 AAbstract
A water-soluble, biodegradable, repulpable, waterbearing colloidal hydrogel material manufactured from a mixture of natural organic materials, water and additives which is capable of being heated and applied with hot melt glue application equipment for use in paper bag sealing, corrugated and paperboard carton closure, and fishing lures.
1. A biodegradable, water soluble, and repulpable hot melt adhesive comprising:from 50 to 70% by weight hydrocolloids; and from 25 to 50% by weight water; said hot melt adhesive having a melting point below approximately 43� C. 2. The hot melt adhesive as claimed in claim 1, wherein said hydrocolloids are selected from the group consisting of animal hide and bone, fish, blood, gelatin, casein, vegetable, grain, legume, starch, cellulosic, hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol, and hydrolyzed polyvinyl chloride.
3. The hot melt adhesive as claimed in claim 1, further comprising water soluble oxyalkylene polymers having molecular weights from 300 to 3500.
4. The hot melt adhesive as claimed in claim 1, wherein said hot melt adhesive liquefies at a temperature of approximately 38� C.
5. The hot melt adhesive as claimed in claim 1, further comprising saccharose.
6. The hot melt adhesive as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a sodium alkyl sulfonate.
7. The hot melt adhesive as claimed in claim 1, further comprising glycerin.
8. A hot melt adhesive comprising:a. from 10 to 90% by weight natural organic materials, said natural organic materials comprising glue solids selected from the group consisting of animal hide and bone, fish, blood, casein, vegetable, grain, legume, starch, and cellulosic; b. from 10 to 50% by weight water; c. up to 40% by weight carbohydrate; and d. up to 60% by weight salt; wherein said carbohydrate is saccharose and said salt is a magnesium sulfate. 9. The hot melt adhesive as claimed in claim 8 having a liquefication temperature of between approximately 37� (98� F.) and 43� (110� F.).
10. A method for producing a water-based organic hot-melt adhesive, comprising the steps of:a. combining a first oxyalkylene polymer and a second oxyalkylene polymer to create a polymer mixture having an overall average molecular weight of between 300 and 3500 to obtain the desired balance between the melting point and hygroscopicity of the polymer mixture and the viscosity of the hot melt adhesive; b. producing a primary submixture comprising water, the oxyalkylene polymer mixture and glycerin by mixing by agitation the water, the oxyalkylene polymer mixture and the glycerin being at a temperature of between 50� C., and 70� C., and holding the primary submixture at this temperature until the melt point of the oxyalkylene polymer mixture is reached; c. reducing the temperature of said primary submixture until said primary submixture forms a heavy paste; and d. producing a secondary submixture comprising water and glue solids by mixing the water and glue solids at a temperature of between approximately 50� C. and 70� C.; and e. combining from about 2% to 10% of the primary submixture and about 98% to 90% of the secondary submixture at a temperature of between approximately 52� C. and 62� C. 11. The method as claimed in claim 10, further comprising the step of adding to the primary submixture an ethoxylated phosphate, a sodium alkane sulfonate, and ceptylpyridinium chloride.
12. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein said primary submixture comprises from 1 to 8% by weight water, from 39 to 83% by weight oxyalkylene polymer, from 6 to 32% by weight glycerin and from 7 to 34% by weight the other components.
13. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein said secondary submixture comprises from 16 to 62% by weight water, from 11 to 53% by weight glue solids, and from 15 to 65% by weight a mixture of starch, and magnesium sulfate; wherein said glue solids are selected from the group consisting of animal hide and bone, fish, blood, gelatin, casein, vegetable, grain, legume, starch, cellulosic, hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol, and hydrolyzed polyvinyl chloride.
14. A hot-melt adhesive comprising a primary submixture and a secondary submixture, said primary submixture comprising from 1 to 8% by weight water, from 39% to 83% by weight water-soluble oxyalkylene polymers having molecular weights from 300 to 3500, from 6 to 32% by weight glycerin, and from 7 to 34% by weight primary submixture additives; and said secondary submixture comprising from 16 to 62% by weight water, from 11 to 53% by weight glue solids, and from 15 to 65% by weight secondary submixture additives; wherein said glue solids are selected from the group consisting of animal hide and bone, fish, blood, gelatin, casein, vegetable, grain, legume, starch, cellulosic, hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol, and hydrolyzed polyvinyl chloride.
15. The hot-melt adhesive as claimed in claim 14, wherein said primary submixture additives are selected from the group consisting of an ethoxylated phosphate, a sodium alkane sulfonate, and ceptylpyridinium chloride.
16. The hot-melt adhesive as claimed in claim 15, wherein said secondary submixture additives are selected from the group consisting of starch, corn syrup, saccharose, and magnesium sulfate.
17. The hot-melt adhesive as claimed in claim 16, comprising from 98% to 90% of said secondary submixture and from 2% to 10% of said primary submixture.
18. The method as claimed in claim 10, further comprising the step of adding to the primary submixture a sodium alkane sulfonate.
19. The method as claimed in claim 10, further comprising the step of adding to the primary submixture phosphate ester ethoxylate.
20. The method as claimed in claim 10, further comprising the step of adding to the secondary submixture a magnesium sulfate.
21. The method as claimed in claim 10, further comprising the step of adding to the secondary submixture a component selected from the group consisting of corn syrup, starch, and saccharose.
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/259,024 filed on Jun. 13, 1994, and now abandoned.
This invention is related generally to the manufacture and direct use of waterbearing gels as hot melt glues, and specifically to a water soluble, biodegradable, repulpable, waterbearing gelatinous product based on natural organic animal, mineral and/or vegetable thermoreversible waterbearing gels which are capable of being heated and applied with automatic hot melt glue application equipment, such as automatic piston and gear pump hydraulic glue application equipment for packaging sealing purposes, such as for bag sealing, tray making and corrugated carton closure. This invention also is directed generally to products made from a further modified product of the waterbearing gelatinous product of this invention, and specifically to fishing lures in the form of artificial baits, such as worms, which are extruded, cast, or injection molded from the hot melt glue.
Waterbearing gels, or colloids, as a general class are known by those skilled in the art. Such waterbearing gels include a wide variety of thermally reversible gels, typically in the form of semi-solid masses. These semi-solid masses generally are supersaturated solid materials in which the water molecule is chemically bound to the solid material.
Likewise, hot melt glues and application equipment for applying hot melt glues also are known to those skilled in the art. Current hot melt glues are 100% solid polymeric materials which are reduced to molten thermoplastic materials by heating. A typical hot melt glue is a solid, thermoplastic hydrocarbon material which quickly melts upon heating, and then sets to a bond on cooling, unlike other types of glues which set upon evaporation of a solvent. The materials from which current hot melt glues are made have a high degree of tack, or stickiness, when molten, and are solid upon cooling. Examples of raw materials for hot melt glues include polyethylene, polyvinyl acetate, hydrocarbon resins, asphalts, bitumens, and waxes.
Some examples of current polymeric hot-melt adhesives include the adhesive disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,656,242 describing a polyesteramide composition comprising the polymerization product of a polymeric fatty acid and a dicarboxylic acid, with a substantially equivalent amount of an organic diamine and a diol. The main use for this type of hot-melt adhesive is for metals and plastics, and use in connection with cardboard or other paper products is not disclosed. Another similar hot-melt adhesive is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,569,985, which discloses an adhesive comprising a polymeric fatty acid, a dicarboxylic acid, an organic diamine and an alkanolamine. This type of hot-melt adhesive is suggested for use in connection with PVC films and no mention of cardboard or other paper products is made. Another general polymeric hot-melt adhesive is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,602,058, which discloses a hot-melt adhesive comprising polyamides, ethylene polymer containing carboxylic acid groups, organic carboxylic acid compounds and a free radical scavenger or antioxidant. The addition of the organic carboxylic acid improves the thermal stability of the blend. As these three hot-melt adhesives are polymer based, they do not possess the environmentally friendly characteristics which are desirable.
Current hot melt adhesives are applied at temperatures of from between 300� F. and 450� F. All of these materials tend to char in the hot melt glue application system, which eventually causes clogging of the system's dispensing heads. Additionally, due to the high temperatures of application, these products cause severe burns if they come in contact with human skin. These prior art products also are flammable.
Other glues, particularly glues used in the furniture and bookbinding industries, are based upon animal glue manufactured from animal bone and hide resins, fish, blood, and casein. However, in order to use these animal based gelatin glues, the glue has to be melted from a supply gel or cooked from a dry powder and diluted with water prior to application. This dilution typically increases the water content of the glue from 75% to 85%. The additional water changes the nature of the adhesive from a gel to a liquid, thus allowing the application of a very thin film from which water could evaporate, thus causing a bond. The addition of so much water causes problems such as board warpage and location control in many applications, causing manufacturers to use other types of adhesives, such as those with solvent and hydrocarbon bases. Other water-based glues are available, and, like solvent-based materials, are dependent on the evaporation of the solvent to form a strong bond. The evaporation process makes such glues slow to set relative to the hot melt glues, which need only to cool to form a bond. However, as a class, such glues cannot be recycled and are not biodegradable.
Current commercial hot melt glue application equipment is produced by many different manufacturers, including ITW Dynatec and Nordson. The typical hot melt glue application system consists of a heated melting pot, a hydraulic pumping means of either the gear or piston type, a heated feed line, and a heated dispensing head of various designs to apply the liquefied glue material to the substrate being bonded. In general, the hot melt glue application system is in the form of a glue gun. Such guns are well-known and commercially available and in widespread use. Because of the high operating temperatures of the glue guns, they can cause burns to operators and servicing persons.
Several representative hot-melt glue application devices include the hot-melt adhesive gun disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,199,082; the hot-melt cartridge adhesive gun disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,034,484; the hot-melt adhesive applicator gun disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,601,597; and the hot-melt adhesive applicator gun disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,463,877. Each of these guns heats the hot-melt adhesive so as to melt the adhesive in preparation for applying the adhesive to the substrate. Obviously, the hotter the temperature needed to heat the adhesive, the hotter the guns themselves will become. It can be seen that with a lower melting temperature adhesive, lower temperature guns can be used, thus lessening the danger to the operator.
Thus, it can be seen that there is a need for a water soluble, biodegradable, repulpable, glue manufactured from a renewable resource which will have the processing speeds of hot melt glues and the environmental advantages of water based glues. The hot melt glue disclosed and claimed herein is low-cost and environmentally safe and, unlike prior natural adhesives, has a superior handling and application quality and a broad range of industrial applicability.
The present invention is a chemical modification of a natural organic hot melt glue based on animal, mineral and vegetable waterbearing colloidal hydragels. Natural organic materials such as animal hide and bone, fish, blood and casein; soy, starch, cellulosics, hydrocarbon resins and super hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohols and polyvinyl chlorides are examples of the base materials from which the present hot melt glue and products can be formed. Many of the natural organic solutions occur as a result of supersaturated solutions which are liquid at elevated temperature and are gelatinous at ambient temperature.
The preferred embodiment of the hot melt glue of the present invention has a natural organic material content of up to 90%, preferably from 50 to 70%, a water content of less than 55%, and preferably from 25% to 50%, and the remainder other components to achieve desired storage and application properties, such as sugars for tackifiers and magnesium sulfate to bulk out the product. Additionally, from 2% to 25% lubricants, antioxidants, plasticizers, and humectants are added through a sub-composition preferably comprising, for example, hydrocarbon sodium sulfonate, oxyalkylene polymer, phosphate ester ethoxylate, glycerin, and silicon containing hydrocarbon defoamer to make the product compatible with hydraulic pumping through gear and piston pumps without erosion and corrosion of pump parts. At atmospheric pressure, the product of the present invention preferably is pumpable liquid at a temperature of above approximately 38� (100� F.), and is a hard gel at a temperature of below approximately 38� (100� F.). The viscosity of the melted liquid will drop from its original melt point continuously through a temperature of about 57� C. (135� F.). The gel formed upon cooling has sufficient bond strength to seal paper bags, corrugated and paperboard containers, and other paper products. The preferred application temperature for the product is approximately 43� C. (110� F.).
The water soluble, biodegradable, repulpable, waterbearing colloidal hydrogel of the present invention is capable of being heated and applied to a substrate with automatic hot melt glue application equipment of both the gear and piston type hydraulic pumps, thus allowing dispensing through orfices as small as 7.62�10-5 m (0.003 inches) and 8.38�10-4 m (0.033) inches within the normal and usual pump pressures as if hydrocarbon hot melt glue were being applied, that is at pressures in the 10345 torr to 20690 torr (200 psi to 400 psi) range. However the product of this invention can be subjected to pressures as high as 62070 torr (1200 psi), which is the maximum continuous operational range of current hot melt applicator systems. The product of this invention also is suitable for injection molding.
The preferred substrates are paper bags which need sealing, corrugated and paperboard cartons, and other paper products. The hot melt glue of the present invention is water-based and has a low melting point when compared to the prior art, and has a higher range of applicability, a higher quality seal, and a relatively low cost. Further, the hot melt glue of the present invention is non-flammable and can be reactivated by heat, allowing resealing of the container.
The hot melt glue of the invention disclosed herein can be formed into gelatinous shapes to manufacture products unrelated to glues. Injection moulding, extrusion, and casting are acceptable means of forming these shapes. For example, the hot melt glue can be extruded into beads similar in size and shape to natural earth worms and can be used as fishing lures. Various flavorings, scents and colors may be added to the material to make it more appealing to the fish, increasing the chances that the lure will be successful. The biodegradable nature of the material makes such a fishing lure product more desirable than current products from an environmental point of view. Current products are manufactured from polyvinyl chloride and will virtually never degrade.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to produce a plasticized hot melt glue based on organic animal, mineral and/or vegetable colloidal hydrogels.
It is another object of the present invention to produce a water soluble, biodegradable, repulpable, low melting point, non-flammable, non-toxic colloidal hydrogel which can be used as a hot melt glue and dispensed through hydraulic means without corrosion and erosion of the internal pump parts.
A further object of the present invention is to produce a hot melt glue which is capable of sealing paper products and acting as a sealant for corrugated and paperboard cartons.
Yet another object of the present invention is to produce a colloidal hydrogel hot melt glue capable of being reactivated and heat sealed.
Another object of the present invention is to produce a hot melt glue having a high natural organic renewable resource content, preferably greater than 60% solids, and a relatively low water content, preferably less than 40% water.
These objects, and other objects features and advantages of the present invention, will become more apparent to one skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is a biodegradable and repulpable hot melt glue for use in piston or gear type hot melt application devices having a solids content of up to 90% by weight, and preferably 65% by weight, and a water content of less than 55% by weight, and preferably 35% or less by weight. The above-described mixture is a liquid at over approximately 38� C. (100� F.) at atmospheric pressure, and a gel at below approximately 38� C. (100� F.) at atmospheric pressure, and demonstrates a linearly degrading viscosity with increases in temperature up to 60� C. (140� F.) at a constant water content, and further includes components which protect internal pump components from corrosion and erosion. The gel formed upon cooling has sufficient strength and consistency to bond to the substrate, such as the paper bag, the corrugated cannon or other paperboard products. A typical preferred formula is prepared in two stages as follows:
Primary Sub Mixture
______________________________________Component           Preferred Range______________________________________water               10     parts   5-15oxyalkylene polymer 300 MW               50     parts  25-75oxyalkylene polymer 3500 MW               150    parts  100-200glycerine 96% USP   50     parts  25-75complex ethoxylate  20     parts  10-30sodium alkyl sulfonate               10     parts   5-15hydrocarbon defoamer               20     parts  10-30cetylpyridinium chloride USP               4      parts  2-6______________________________________
Secondary Sub Mixture
______________________________________Component        Preferred                     Range______________________________________water            35    parts  20-50glue solids      25    parts  15-40sugar solids     20    parts  10-30magnesium sulfate            15    parts   5-25starch           3     parts  1-5odorant          1     part   0-3antimicrobial    1     part   0-3______________________________________
The preferred gel formed upon cooling below 38� C. (100� F.) must demonstrate sufficient bond strength to hold the substrate being bonded until a sufficient amount of moisture is evaporated so as to form a commercially acceptable bond. In other words, the gel, as applied to the substrate, has a certain amount of moisture in it. As applied, the adhesive must wet out the surfaces, thus reducing the amount of moisture in the adhesive, and at the same time cool to form a strong gel capable of holding the joined surfaces until further evaporation causes a bond which is stronger than the surfaces being joined. Thus, the destruction of a fully set bond will result in the failure of the substrate rather than the bond line.
Additionally, because the hot melt glue of this invention is water based, lubricants and antioxidants must be present to allow for continuous operation in gear and piston type hydraulic pumps of the type used in the manufacture of commercially available hot melt glue application equipment to reduce the abrasive and corrosive nature of water bearing glues under high heat and pressure. Additionally, water bearing glues must maintain some moisture to maintain a degree of flexibility and yet must not be so hygroscopic so as to fail under high humidity conditions. A hot melt glue having the above formula has such properties.
The first 4 components of the primary sub mixture are mixed by agitation and heated to 60� C. (140� F.) and held at that temperature for 15 minutes or until the melt point of the solid component is reached and the molecular weight of the components is equilibrated. This is signified by a clear mixture. The remainder of the components of the primary sub mixture are added and the heat is removed under continued agitation. The mix is allowed to cool until a heavy paste is formed, at which time the material can be stored for later addition to the adhesive mixture at percentages of from 2% to 10% depending on the desired properties of the final adhesive. If too much water evaporates from this mixture during the mixing process, the result will be a soft solid upon cooling below 38� C. (100� F.).
The water and glue components of the secondary sub mixture are combined in ambient temperature water and heated to 60� C. (140� F.). The remainder of the components of the secondary sub mixture are added to the water and glue mix and dissolved while heat is added to increase the temperature to 71� C. (160� F.). This assures complete solution and microbial destruction. The heat is removed and the temperature is allowed to fall to 57� C. (135� F.). When the secondary sub mixture reaches a temperature of approximately 57� C. (135� F.), the desired quantity of material from the primary sub mixture is added.
The glue of the secondary sub mixture may be any hide or bone glue; however, the strength of this component may significantly change the strength of and the gelation time of the finished component. Hide glue of from 300 to 400 gram strength are recommended, while a usable product of bone glue at 200 gram strength has been demonstrated.
Sugars are the preferred tackifier as they demonstrate minimal effect on gel time which is critical for optimum speed in packaging glues. Corn syrup can be used but it has detrimental effect on gel or open time, and creates a stringy product which is not conducive to use in hot melt glue application equipment. Starch components add a pasty tack to the mix. An odorant and antimicrobial are added to maintain shelf life and a consistent odor to the finished product.
There are many combinations of this glue formula, but in most applications for use in hydraulic piston and gear pumping systems, a glue having the narrowest thermal gel point and the strongest gel is preferred.
The minimum effective addition of the primary sub mixture to the secondary sub mixture is around 2% by weight primary sub mixture. While tests have been conducted with additions as high as 25% by weight primary sub mixture, the effectiveness diminishes after added rate of 10% by weight primary sub mixture. Since the melt viscosity of the final glue product was approximately the same with additions of from 2% to 10% by weight of the primary sub mixture, improved performance was measured by weighing the output of a hot melt glue gun held under steady state conditions, that is, steady state heat, time, pressure, and orfice conditions. The output continued to increase until 10% by weight primary sub mixture addition levels were reached, at which time the increases were reduced at an increasing rate. Since the viscosity of the product was the same, the resulting increase in output can only be attributed to a lower coefficient of friction due to lower abrasiveness of the melted glue product of this invention.
The product of the primary sub mixture can be varied by changing the molecular weight of the components, specifically the molecular weight of the oxyalkylene polymers. Any molecular weights oxyalkylene polymers are suitable for this invention and are considered in the product of this invention. Higher molecular weights, however, start to increase the melt viscosity, while lower molecular weights have the opposite effect. The preferred formula was chosen to have as small a change on a starting glue formula as possible. Additionally, the highest molecular weight possible without melt viscosity change was chosen because of its effect on the flexibility of the final glued product. Higher molecular weights have a much lower level of hygroscopicity; therefore, while acting as a plasticizer, higher molecular weight components are much less affected by changes in relative humidity and thus result in a more stable finished product.
After combining the secondary sub mixture with the desired amount, usually from 2% to 10% by weight, of the primary sub mixture, the hot material is cast into slabs of approximately 3.4 kg (7.5 pounds) each. These slabs are cooled and serrated into approximately 5 cm (2 inch cubes), leaving a thin web to one side of the slab to facilitate handling. These slabs are wrapped in polyethylene wrap to avoid moisture loss and packed in cartons of approximately 23 kg (50 pounds). The product is sold in pallet loads of 910 kg (2000 pounds). At the user's facility, the cartons are opened and the serrated cubes are torn apart and placed in the hot melt glue applicator hopper where they are used as if a hydrocarbon hot melt glue, with the exception that the thermostats are reduced from the typical 177� C. (350� F.) to 43� C. (110� F.) needed for the product of this invention. It is obvious to one skilled in the art that a purge of the hot melt system with a low melt solvent is required to make the final change to the safer lower temperatures.
For the purposes of the following examples, a hot melt glue was manufactured to the preferred specification of this invention. The hot melt glue was applied to various sample products using a Meltex Glutronic hot melt glue gun, model TR34, adjusted to a temperature of 66� C. (150� F.). The glue was applied to two sample containers. Sample 1 was 91 kg (200 pound) test corrugated coupon, cut 5 cm (2 inches) by 15 cm (6 inches) and scored at the longitudinal centerline. Sample 2 was cut 5 cm (2 inches) wide from a portion of 19 kg (42 pound) Stone Container linerboard.
The addition of each component of the primary sub mixture to the secondary sub mixture produces different results than the preferred method. In other words, by varying the amount of each primary sub mixture component, or each secondary sub mixture component, adhesives and products of varying properties are made.
The sodium hydrocarbon sulfonate (duPont AVITONE A) is a softening and lubricating agent typically used in textile finishing agents to soften and lubricate the product for ease in sewing. Sodium hydrocarbon sulfonate is not soluble in water, but is compatible with starch. It also has been shown to soften polyvinyl acetate adhesives. It is suitable for rewetting. Other plasticizers include esters, polyols, phosphates, and the like, and their derivatives.
The phosphate ester ethoxylate (duPont Merpol A) is a wetting agent dispersible in water but is not soluble in water. Other wetting agents include suitable soaps, alcohols, and fatty acids.
The oxylalkylene polymer (Union Carbide Polyethylene Glycol) is a water soluble polymer (which is not soluble in gelatin) which can be used as a lubricant, metal corrosion inhibitor, release agent, humectant and plasticizer. However, it has never been used in conjunction with gelatin since it is not soluble in this medium. It has been used to modify the melt freeze range of hydrocarbon hot melt glue and the viscosity of cold glue. The present formula calls for two blended oxylalkylene polymer products. This is done to arrive at a molecular weight which is not commercially available and to balance the melting points and hygroscopicity of the polymers to the maximum without increasing the viscosity of the hot melt glue. Higher molecular weights start an increase in viscosity and add a stringy property which is undesirable. Those skilled in the animal glue business do not know of any such use.
The water is used only to keep the primary sub mixture from freezing making it difficult to handle. The glycerine is added only as a humectant to hold the water in place. The hydrocarbon defoamer (Ross Chemicals 380S) make the product of the primary sub mixture easier to accomplish. More importantly, it adds lubricants to the system and reduces the potential for foam which can be generated when pumping the finished hot melt adhesive in gear pump hydraulic application systems. It is not water soluble, but only water dispersible.
Spring Back Test. A 0.24 cm (3/32") bead of adhesive 7.6 cm (3") long was applied to Sample 1. After three seconds, Sample 1 was folded over on itself with the bead of adhesive between the folds of the sample. The folded sample was held compressed for three seconds. No spring back opening was considered a pass. All samples passed.
Pull Test. A 0.24 cm (3/32") bead was applied to the center line of a 5 cm (2") wide piece of Sample 2. A second 5 cm (2") wide piece of Sample 2 was placed on top of the adhesive and the two pieces of Sample 2 were compressed together with the bead of adhesive in between. The samples were set aside for five (5) minutes. The combined sample was then pull tested. Demonstrated fiber pull was considered a pass. All samples passes.
High Temperature Cycle 1. Samples made in accordance with Example 1 were stored in a warehouse atmosphere for two (2) hours. The samples were then placed in an oven at a temperature of 74� C. (165� F.). No spring back opening after fifteen (15) minutes was considered a pass. All samples passed.
High Temperature Cycle 2. Samples made in accordance with Example 1 were stored in a warehouse atmosphere for four (4) hours. The samples then were place in an oven at a temperature of 82� C. (180� F.). No spring back opening after fifteen (15) minutes was considered a pass. All samples passed.
Humidity Test. Four (4) samples from Example 4 and two (2) samples from Example 1 were place in a humidity chamber for seventy-two (72) hours. The humidity chamber had a tray of water in it to provide a humid atmosphere. No spring back opening was considered a pass. All samples passed.
Humidity and Temperature Cycle Test. The six (6) samples from Example 5 were removed from the humidity chamber and placed in a cool oven. The oven was turned on and the temperature was allowed to rise to 85� C. (185� F.). No spring back opening after fifteen (15) minutes was considered a pass. All samples passed.
Solvent Test. Samples as made in accordance with Example 1 were dipped in gasoline. The samples were placed in a sealed container for an extended period of time. No spring back opening after twelve (12) hours after being dipped in gasoline was considered a pass. All samples passed.
Humidity Pull Test. Four (4) samples made in accordance with Example 2 were suspended horizontally in a humidity chamber as described in Example 5. A 100 gram weight was affixed to the lower piece of the samples. The samples were maintained in the humidity chamber for seventy-two (72) hours. No glue release was considered a pass. All samples passed. A 0.16 cm (1/16") movement of the lower sample piece relative to the upper sample piece was noted; however, the movement was the result of fiber pull and not glue failure.
Freeze Test. The adhesive was formed into a 100 gram sample from the Meltex hot glue gun. The formed sample was place in a freezer at -18� C. (0� F.) for seventy-two (72) hours. The lack of formation of internal ice crystals was considered a pass. All samples passes.
Freeze Spring Back Test. The freeze-tested sample of Example 9 was cut into pieces and placed back in the hot melt glue gun. The adhesive then was heated and applied to a specimen of Sample 1 as in Example 1, and subjected to the Spring Back Test. No spring back opening was considered a pass. All samples passed.
Aging Test. The adhesive was left in the hot melt glue gun for one week with the heat set at 30% above the recommended application temperature. A lack of charring of the adhesive was considered a pass. All samples passed.
Water Solubility Test. 10 grams of the adhesive was extruded into a beaker containing 100 ml. of tap water. The sample was left in the tap water for seven (7) days. Degradation of the sample into the tap water was considered a pass. The sample degraded into a cloudy liquid. All samples passed.
Similar tests have been run utilizing ITW Dynatec, Dynapro Model 002 (gear pump). ITW Dynatec Model 200 (piston pump), and Nordson Model 2304 (piston pump) with a modified control board to allow for lower operating temperatures. Additionally, the product of this invention is the only hot melt adhesive to have passed the repulpability test standard No. 2 as prescribed and performed by Stone Container Corporation Adhesives research lab in Cantonment, Fla. This test calls for the complete breakdown of the sample in plain tap water and with heat not to exceed 38� C. (100� F.). Additionally, the sample adhesive passed all performance tests for the manufacture of industrial multiwall bags when performed by this same laboratory.
As the above examples demonstrate, the hot melt glue of the present invention has all of the desirable properties of current polymeric hot melt glues. However, the product of the present invention is environmentally responsible in that it is water-based, water-soluble, biodegradable, repulpable and of a very low toxic order. Further, the present invention has a significantly higher solids content than the prior art hot melt glues. Prior art hot melt glues have approximately 65 to 85% water. The hot melt glue of the present invention typically has 55% or less water, generally within the range of 25 to 45% water, with 35% water preferred. Therefore, the hot melt glue of the present invention combines the desirable properties of synthetic adhesives with the environmental benefit of natural organic adhesives.
Although the hot melt glue of the present invention acts and feels like current hot melt glues, it is applied at a significantly lower temperature. Current hot melt glues typically are applied at temperatures in the range of approximately 150� C. (300� F.) to 230� C. (450� F.). The present hot melt glue liquefies and can be applied at temperatures as low as 38� C. (1 00� F.). The lower application temperature lowers the energy costs necessary for applying the glue, reduces the cool-down time of the glue and allows application of the glue to a wider range of materials such as materials which cannot stand temperatures above 125� C. The lower application temperature also results in increased operator safety and energy savings.
In a similar vein, current hot melt adhesives are stored in melt pots in the glue application system maintained at the very high, 150� C. (300� F.) to 230� C. (450� F.), application temperatures. Extended exposure to the application temperature causes the current hot melt glues to degrade and break down thermally, resulting in a char forming and building up in the tank, hoses, and dispensing heads, thus clogging up the application unit. These materials break loose and can clog the applicator head orfices rendering the machine disabled. Many operators and service employees are burned every year from this hazardous situation. Additionally, the only way to completely remove this char is to dismantle the machines and wash them with solvent. This cannot be done with the hoses, so they must be discarded.
On the contrary, the hot melt glue of the present invention does not char when subjected to the lower application temperature for an extended period of time. Because of the low temperature of the present invention, the product hot melt glue does not breakdown and form char. If the hot melt glue of the present invention becomes too viscous, because it is water-soluble, by adding additional water, the hot melt glue of the present invention can be returned to the operating viscosity. Thus, if over a time, a blockage due to dehydration does occur, a simple water cleanup is all that is required. Even a catastrophic failure such as a run away temperature control will not cause the disaster fire potential of a polymeric hot melt. The complete charing of the glue of the present invention can be removed by soaking in hot soapy water.
The above detailed description of the preferred embodiments and examples are presented for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to limit the scope and spirit of the present invention and its equivalents as defined by the appended claims.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS4569985 *Aug 2, 1985Feb 11, 1986Union Camp CorporationPoly(ester-amide) hot-melt adhesiveUS4602058 *Jul 2, 1984Jul 22, 1986The Dow Chemical CompanyCompatibility and stability of blends of polyamide and ethylene copolymersUS4656242 *Jun 7, 1985Apr 7, 1987Henkel CorporationHot melt adhesivesUS4725488 *Nov 21, 1986Feb 16, 1988Henkel CorporationMylar, polycarbonates bonding; tall oil fatty acid polymer componentUS4992100 *Aug 7, 1989Feb 12, 1991Deutsche Gelatine-Fabriken Stoess & Co. GmbhPlasticized molding materialUS5362801 *Dec 2, 1993Nov 8, 1994Rohm And Haas CompanyHot melt adhesives made from the blend of polyvinyl alcohol copolymers and copolymers from unsaturated monomersUS5382451 *Apr 6, 1992Jan 17, 1995Minnesota Mining And ManufacturingMethod for coating adhesive polymersDE4225465A1 *Aug 1, 1992Feb 17, 1994Fritz Haecker U Sohn Gmbh & CoBiodegradable low melt hot melt adhesive and prodn. from gluten glue - by adjusting water content and opt. adding plasticiser, etc. and use for bonding material, esp. wood, paper, cardboard or foamed plasticsJPH05287249A * Title not available* Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS6696115 *Aug 22, 2002Feb 24, 2004Kennair, Iii Patrick J.Methods of making realistic artificial oysters on the half-shellUS6846502Jun 26, 1996Jan 25, 2005National Starch & Chemical Investment Holding CorporationEdible hot melt compositionEP0815741A2 *May 27, 1997Jan 7, 1998National Starch and Chemical Investment Holding CorporationEdible adhesive composition comprising a starch and a plasticizer, and its use for adhering particulate coatings on foodstuffsEP2433995A1Sep 28, 2010Mar 28, 2012Co�peratie Avebe U.A.Adhesive compositionWO2012044164A1Sep 27, 2011Apr 5, 2012Co�peratie Avebe U.A.Adhesive composition* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification524/17, 524/21, 106/145.1, 106/163.01, 106/125.1, 106/124.6, 106/124.61, 106/206.1, 106/124.5, 106/162.9, 106/135.1, 106/146.1, 524/18, 524/19, 106/126.1, 106/124.51, 156/328International ClassificationC09J189/00, C08L71/02Cooperative ClassificationC09J189/00, C08L71/02European ClassificationC09J189/00Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionMar 6, 2001FPExpired due to failure to pay maintenance feeEffective date: 20001231Dec 31, 2000LAPSLapse for failure to pay maintenance feesJul 25, 2000REMIMaintenance fee reminder mailedRotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services

type: global

value: This website is a search engine provided by Google. Handling over 3.5 billion searches per day, it has a 92% share of the global search engine market.


text:
The room we got was lovely overlooking Lough... - Review of Redcastle Hotel - TripAdvisor
“The pool is quite good though lacks a heated...”
“Great rooms, fantastic restaurant, accommodating...”
“The food is exquised, rooms clean, service is...”
“Redcastle Hotel”
“Location is beautiful, the food first class and...”
“New steam room and sauna in the leisure centre...”
“Spa and gym were fine”
“The reception and spa staff must have been sick...”
“The spa tends to be very busy so my only advice...”
“Spa was totally relaxing and the breakfast was...”
The room we got was lovely overlooking Lough... - Review of Redcastle Hotel
“A blissful short break.”
A blissful short break.
My husband & I just returned today from a 2 night stay at the Redcastle Hotel.Our whole stay was brilliant.There was a minor problem with our room when we arrived but it was sorted straight away with no fuss,thanks Joanne on reception.
The room we got was lovely overlooking Lough Swilly right across to Magilligan Strand.The room was spotless, as was the bathroom.We had complimentary bottles of water in the room,plus tea & coffee making facilities.As well as a huge bed & single bed,there was a settee in the room with still loads of space, perfect.
We had dinner in the hotel on our first night (included in the price).We had a window table & were able to eat our meal while watching the waves crash on rocks just below us.The food was superb,a good choice on the menu and excellent service.Nothing was too much trouble to the staff and they were all so pleasant.
This is the first hotel we have stayed in be it 4 or 5 star which had a buffet breakfast with hot plates & hot food, a joy to behold & although there was nearly everything you could ask for on the buffet there were also a few things you could have directly from the kitchen, in my husband's case kippers.
All in all there is not a bad word I could say about the hotel.Great room,food & excellent staff.I would just like to give a special mention to Gerry one of the porters who was extremely helpful but also a font of information & the local area.
Ask irishpat49 about Redcastle Hotel
Many thanks for taking the time to write a review. I am delighted to read that you had an enjoyable stay and I will ensure that your comments are passed on to our team here at the Hotel
1,374 - 1,380 of 1,907 reviews
Excellent would recommend, had to move room but no problem
Stayed here with my fiancé for 2 nights end Nov-beginning Dec. no pool available as was being refurbished but we had been telephoned to advise us of this. Had booked ocean view room and it was lovely, view over lough and also golf course :) welcome bottle of prosecco as part if package, awaited us however no corkscrew so ended up bringing it home. Downside of room was it was a little cool but main problem was the bathroom extractor fan not going off, all night! And bedside telephone red light constantly flashing (had to cover this with various items to reduce the light at night). Spoke with reception who sent person to fix fan within an hr, light always flashes on phone apparently!! After much coming and going fan was off but once light turned on again that was it so contacted reception who advised a room change (at 10pm) room was across corridor and def much warmer, extractor fan didn't work at all incidentally, not did the telephone flash incessantly :) breakfast was excellent both mornings, we booked into the edge restaurant on second night food was amazing. We were meant to get two spa vouchers as part of our package which we never received but all in all great hotel def recommend it :)
Ask rachael_medic about Redcastle Hotel
1 Thank rachael_medic
Thank you for your comments and feedback. I apologise that you did not receive a corkscrew for your wine. I will certainly ensure that your comments are passed on to the team here and also please do mention to reservations on your next visit that you did not receive your Spa vouchers and they will ensure that you receive these regardless of the package that you book
I hope you will return to the Hotel soon again
Just back from 2 nights here - lovely rooms with 'Ocean view' - more like Lough view but still great. Only one small gripe with rooms as we've found before - could we have brighter lights please. The food in the bar and the dining room was really good and the bottle of Emiliano Merlot perfect in bar though the one served in dining room was a little cool but swiftly replaced! Just our bad luck that the pool hadn't heated up after refurbishment - and we learnt that we should have prebooked treatments. Anyone staying here who enjoys walking should try the waterfall walk at Clonmany and Pollan Strand near Ballyliffin - also Moville and Buncrana shore walks.
Room Tip: 'Ocean' view definitely
Ask janethdunn about Redcastle Hotel
Many thanks for your feedback. And for your traveller tips. I apologise that the pool temperature was not as it should be. I hope you will visit soon again
Hotel was excellent , room lovely , staff were so helpful. Big plus stayed on Sunday , Santa was there , was really good and took time have full conversation with my daughter . meal was part of package was delicious lovely setting . Only one bad thing could say was pool was little on cold side . But overall would highly recommend
Ask M M about Redcastle Hotel
Thank you for your comments. I am delighted that you and your daughter enjoyed your time and had a chance to see Santa! I will ensure your comments regarding the pool are passed on also
Brillant from start to finish!!!!
My friends & I booked the hotel for a "girlie night out" for christmas. This included overnight stay breakfast the following morning & a choice of "taster spa session" . The staff were very friendly, polite & professional. They went over and above the call of duty to make our stay exceptional! Two staff that stood out were Danielle (Beautician) & Lisa at reception however all staff were amazing!! definitely worth the visit!!
Room Tip: If you can get a view of the water it would be stunning!
1 Thank Una32
Thank you for your review and for your special mention of two staff members. We try to go above and beyond for all our guests and we really appreciate when this is noticed. I hope you will return to the Hotel soon again
Fantastic spa break!
Myself and 5 girlfriends just spent 2 nights at Redcastle - we thoroughly enjoyed ourselves. The rooms were great and the food was excellent - we ate in the restaurant one night and in the bar on the second. We all had a spa treatment which was amazing and the staff were excellent on all counts! Would definitely recommend Redcastle and we will certainly be back!!
Ask Barbara C about Redcastle Hotel
Thank you for taking the time to offer your feedback. I am delighted that you enjoyed your stay with us and hope you will return again in the near future
This is not the first time I have stayed at the red castle hotel and it most certainly wont be my last . I love everything about this hotel the staff are more than helpfully,and very friendly, the food is great and the rooms are very comfortable. I would recommend going out of season when it is quiet as it makes it even more relaxing. Can't wait to get back . Well done to the whole team at the red castle hotel !!
Ask Dympna M about Redcastle Hotel
It is lovely to read comments from our returning visitors and it is also good that you received the same standard of care and attention this time round. The Hotel will only be a success when a customer such as yourself returns time and time again and then spreads the word. Thank you for your continued support
TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Hotels.com, Travelocity, Booking.com, Priceline, Expedia, Orbitz, Agoda, TripOnline SA, Cancelon, Hotwire and Cheap Tickets so you can book your Redcastle Hotel reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.

value: This website is an American online travel company that operates a website and mobile app with user-generated content and a comparison shopping website.


text:
Israel needs cultural bridges, not boycotts | Letter from JK Rowling, Simon Schama and others | World news | The Guardian
A painted wall in Bethlehem, June 2015. Boycotting Israel won’t further peace in the Middle East, says Culture for Coexistence. Photograph: Thomas Coex/AFP/Getty Images
Thursday 22 October 2015 13.16 EDT Last modified on Wednesday 20 September 2017 06.24 EDT
• The list of signatories on this letter was amended on 23 October 2015. An earlier version included the names Jonathan Aycliffe and Daniel Easterman. They are in fact pen names used by another signatory, Denis MacEoin, and had been included in error with the submitted letter.

value: This website is a British news and media website owned by the Guardian Media Group. It contains nearly all of the content of the newspapers The Guardian and The Observer, as well as a substantial body of web-only work produced by its own staff, including a rolling news service.


text:
Blast Injures U.S.-Allied Sunni Cleric
BAGHDAD, Aug. 11 -- A Sunni cleric who had joined with U.S. forces to fight the insurgent group al-Qaeda in Iraq was seriously wounded Saturday in a bomb blast at his Baghdad home, a dramatic act of retribution for his role in aiding the American military. Three of his relatives were killed in the attack.
A few hours later, two regional government leaders were killed in Qadisiyah, a predominantly Shiite province south of Baghdad.
The two attacks highlight a major obstacle still facing the U.S. military even as commanders cautiously welcome a declining overall level of violence. In both cases, the victims were believed to have been targeted by members of their own sect, providing a glimpse into the complexity of allegiances in Iraq.
A bomb hit Wathiq al-Obeidi's home in the Adhamiyah area of northern Baghdad before dawn on Saturday, four days after Sunni insurgents had issued a four-page threat against his life. Local leaders said Obeidi was leading a group that was working with -- and receiving weapons from -- American troops as part of a growing effort to drive al-Qaeda in Iraq from some of Baghdad's most dangerous neighborhoods.
Saturday's bombing is the first known incident in which a Sunni leader in Baghdad has been targeted for his alliance with American forces in working against al-Qaeda in Iraq. Over the past two months, U.S. commanders have provided large sums of money and significant powers to scores of Sunni fighters -- some of whom are believed to have battled U.S. troops in the past -- in an attempt to eliminate al-Qaeda in Iraq.
The attack against Obeidi highlights a major hurdle for American forces to overcome if the strategy of arming Sunnis is to succeed. The death threat issued against the cleric this week, which was posted to the Web site of an umbrella group for Sunni insurgents, made clear that he was being targeted not only for opposing al-Qaeda in Iraq but for aiding the enemy.
"Obeidi is an agent for the occupier and a traitor. He is fighting against the mujaheddin and destroying Islam," the statement said, using the Arabic term for holy warriors.
The umbrella group, the Islamic State of Iraq, asserted responsibility for the attack against Obeidi on the Web site Saturday night.
Questions have swirled about the wisdom of the U.S. military's newest alliances since it was first made public that the U.S. was arming Sunnis. The Sunni fighters oppose the Shiite-led government, and their long-term goals remain unclear. If a significant number of the Americans' new allies begin to fear for their lives, the system of "concerned citizens," as U.S. commanders call them, could break down.
Mohammed al-Adhami, a community leader in Adhamiyah, said Obeidi had modeled his group on similar programs in Anbar province and in the western Baghdad district of Amiriyah after al-Qaeda in Iraq killed two of his nephews last month. He said Obeidi's cousin, an officer in the Iraqi army, had introduced him to American troops in the area. Obeidi was given the power to make arrests, and he had turned over nearly 100 suspected insurgents to U.S. forces during the past few weeks, Adhami said.
"They gave him the green light to do whatever he needed to do," he said.
A few hours after Obeidi's home was bombed, a roadside bomb killed the governor and the police chief of Qadisiyah province, as well as their driver and bodyguard, as they traveled home from a funeral for a local tribal sheik, police said.
The governor, Khalil Jalil Hamza, was a member of the Supreme Islamic Iraqi Council, a powerful Shiite political group led by the influential politician Abdul Aziz al-Hakim. The group has waged fierce battles with the Mahdi Army, Iraq's most powerful Shiite militia, for control of the region, where the U.S. military has maintained a relatively small presence.
Also Saturday, the U.S. military announced that a soldier had died in a noncombat incident. The soldier was not identified.

value: This website is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C. It is the most-widely circulated newspaper within the Washington metropolitan area, and has a large national audience. Daily broadsheet editions are printed for D.C., Maryland, and Virginia.


text:
A Walk Through Slinter Woods and Dunsley Meadows
1,238 Science and Beer enthusiasts
3,533 Cool dudes
2,505 Mindfulness Practioners
1,258 gourmands

value: This website is a service used to organize online groups that host in-person and virtual events for people with similar interests. It was founded in 2002 by Chairman Scott Heiferman and four co-founders.


text:
Contract Center Representative Jobs, Employment in Lenexa, KS
Contract Center Representative jobs in Lenexa, KS
Express Medical Transporters (EMT) (4)
Legacy Development, LLC (1)
Customer Service in Lenexa Kansas--020896
State-of-the-Art Career Center - Training and resources available for all employees. Responsibilities for Customer Service Representatives include but are not...
Description We have an opening for a Full Time Health Center Manager- RN to work at our employer health center located in Kansas City, MO!...
View all Sunbelt Rentals jobs in Lenexa, KS - Lenexa jobsSalary Search: Customer Service Representative salaries in Lenexa, KSLearn more about working at Sunbelt RentalsOutside Sales Representative review: "Was a 16 year vet before leaving. Worked my way up from a yard guy to outside sales. Most people within the company get a long well. No real training to prepare..."Related forums: Lenexa, Kansas - Customer Service Representative - Sunbelt Rentals
View all KCI jobs in Lenexa, KS - Lenexa jobsSalary Search: Wound Care Representative salaries in Lenexa, KSLearn more about working at KciShift Supervisor/CSR review: "Fast paced, Productive Work Place. Our workday consisted of 12 busy, fast paced, multitasking hours, with phone calls from customers, technicians, and supervisors at..."Related forums: Lenexa, Kansas - KCI
View all Express Medical Transporters (EMT) jobs in Kansas City, MO - Kansas City jobsSalary Search: Field Service Representative salaries in Kansas City, MORelated forums: Hospital Shuttle Service - Kansas City, Missouri - Field Service Representative
Call center or debt resolution experience, preferred. Utilizing the best strategy available under company policy or client contract when negotiating repayment....
View all Van Ru Credit Corporation jobs in Lenexa, KS - Lenexa jobsSalary Search: Professional Collection Associate Account Representative salaries in Lenexa, KSLearn more about working at Van Ru Credit CorporationAsst. General Manager review: "Competitive. flexible hoursgood locationfriendly managementbenefitscomp packagegood staffingfair atmosphereopportunity to advancediverse clients"Related forums: Lenexa, Kansas - Van Ru Credit Corporation
Request clinical budget and contract documents from sponsors. The Clinical Trials Contracts Associate I will work in conjunction with other divisions within the...
Assists the Vice President of Programs, the Head Start Director, Vice President of Administration and Finance, and Treasurer with the development of the family...
View all The Family Conservancy jobs in Kansas City, KS - Kansas City jobsSalary Search: Head Start Fiscal Coordinator salaries in Kansas City, KSLearn more about working at The Family ConservancyHead Start Program Manager review: "I supervise a diverse group of staff. The agency has great benefits and is flexible with your schedule if you have children to raise. My immediate subordinates and..."Related forums: The Family Conservancy - Kansas City, Kansas
View all Celebrity Staff jobs in Kansas City, KS - Kansas City jobsSalary Search: Patient Registration Representative salaries in Kansas City, KSLearn more about working at Celebrity StaffVarious Temporary Assignments review: "Enjoyable to gain experience for various fields. I have enjoyed working for various companies and various fields since being with Celebrity Staff. I think it is..."Related forums: Kansas City, Kansas - Celebrity Staff
Perform all of the essential functions of a Customer Service Representative. Act as liaison between Customer Service, Technical Service, Collections, Contracts...
View all Thermo Fisher Scientific jobs in Lenexa, KS - Lenexa jobsSalary Search: Notification Analyst salaries in Lenexa, KSLearn more about working at Thermo Fisher ScientificApr review: "I only worked there a month, but here is what I have to say. I was promised a lead position, then they put me somewhere I was way over qualified for. Worst place ever. Only happy people..."Related forums: Lenexa, Kansas - Thermo Fisher Scientific
View all PREMISE HEALTH jobs in Kansas City, MO - Kansas City jobsSalary Search: Registered Nurse salaries in Kansas City, MOLearn more about working at Premise HealthHealth Fitness Specialist review: "Excellent professional development opportunities. Love working for this company. Great morale, collaboration with colleagues, benefits are great, flexibility with..."Related forums: Premise Health - Kansas City, Missouri
Review supplier contracts as needed to ensure Sourcing objectives are in compliance with contract language. Knowledge of Data Center, Cloud, and Infrastructure...
View all KGP Logistics jobs in New Century, KS - New Century jobsSalary Search: Sourcing Manager salaries in New Century, KSLearn more about working at Kgp LogisticsWarehouse Supervisor review: "Worst job experience in 13 years!!!. Do not work here. Upper management promises raises, bonuses, things will get better, etc. It is all a lie! KGP provides little to no..."Related forums: KGP Logistics - Sourcing Manager
This is not a Contract or an Employment Agreement. Point of contact for customers via call center or established mailbox account....
Get email updates for the latest Contract Center Representative jobs in Lenexa, KS
Call Center Representative salaries in Lenexa, KS$12.37 per hour$24,735 per year$2,061 per month$495 per week$98.94 per day8.7% lower than national average$7.60$20.14CommonEstimated salary from 12 employees and 391 jobs

value: This website is an American worldwide employment website for job listings launched in November 2004. It is a subsidiary of Japan's Recruit Co.


text:
Coalfield Express is an important superfast class day train of Indian Railways connecting city of Kolkata with industrial towns and coal belts of Durgapur, Raniganj, Asansol, Dhanbad. It is one of the best train services between Dhanbad and Howrah railway station.
This train serves as vital train link during the office hours and is equally preferred by the daily passengers and the occasional commuters alike. As such it is a very popular train and usually all coaches can be found jam-packed with passengers.
The Coalfield Express is hauled by WAP-7 class electric locomotive of Gomoh/Howrah railway station shed. AC chair car, second-class sitting, general class are available in this train, but no pantry car is available. Important stations through which it travels are Durgapur, Andal, Raniganj, Asansol . 12339 Coalfield express leaves Howrah terminal at 5:20 p.m. from Platform No. 12 every day and reaches Dhanbad junction at 9:40 p.m. same day. 12340 Coalfield express departs Dhanbad Junction at 5:55 a.m. every day and arrives Howrah at 10:25 a.m. same day. Tatkal scheme is available in it.Being an office time train service, it receives one of the highest priorities, during its run from Dhanbad to Howrah. It shares it rake with the Agniveena Express and the Shantiniketan Express.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Coalfield_Express
Latest News for: coalfield express
HC notice to Mahagenco over coal sale to private power cos
Nagpur. Coal-starved Mahagenco’s decision to sell coal to private power companies came under fire from Nagpur bench of Bombay high court on Wednesday ... TOI had exposed the coal sale recently ... The HC also expressed displeasure over blame game of Mahagenco, Western Coalfields Limited (WCL) and two railway agencies over coal shortage and asked them to ensure that the Genco power plants had adequate coal stock in two months ... RELATED ... Milaap....
Coal India to seek expression of interest for Coal to Liquid project
Coal India today said it has agreed to float an expression of interest for Coal to Liquid (CTL) project. "We have authorised Central Coalfield to float EoI for a CTL project at Chatar," Coal India chairman Sutirtha Bhattacharya said here on the sidelines of Coal ......
Coal India to seek EoI for CTL
Kolkata, Mar 18 () Coal India today said it has agreed to float an expression of interest for Coal to Liquid (CTL) project. "We have authorised Central Coalfield to float EoI for a CTL project at Chatra (rpt) Chatra," Coal India chairman Sutirtha Bhattacharya said here on the sidelines of Coal Consumer Association of India event on coal quality....
Jharkhand mine collapse: Govt announces Rs 5 lakh ex-gratia to families of dead
Deccan Chronicle 30 Dec 2016
Union Coal and Power Minister Piyush Goyal on Friday expressed grief over the death of people in Jharkhand coal mine incident and said that an ex gratia of rupees five lakh has been announced for the families of the victims ... He further said that all necessary help to the families of the deceased is being extended by the Eastern Coalfields Limited (ECL)....
Chandrapur ... Kadam, during his visit to the city on Friday, reviewed the progress of action plan being drafted for control of pollution in Chandrapur ... The environment minister also expressed displeasure over high level of pollution caused by mines of Western Coalfields Ltd (WCL), Chandrapur Super Thermal Power Station and cement industries and directed these companies to take up sound measures for control of pollution ... RELATED....
It’s just one of the regional terms for woodlouse; others being ‘sow-dug’, ‘slater’ and ‘johnny-grump’. The nature writer reveals the language of the landscape that has been shared with him. A few days after Landmarks was published last spring, the first postcard arrived. It was of Pendle Hill in Lancashire ... It did ... A former miner who had laboured in the north-eastern coalfields, and listed “expressions peculiar to the underground world”....

value: This website is a news aggregator founded in March 1995 and launched online in 1998. In 2003, Search Engine Watch praised the service for its "Special Reports", and called it "an interesting alternative" to other news aggregation services.


text:
Francesco Minucci (fminucci2719) on Pinterest
Masculine InteriorMasculine Office DecorSport RoomMancave IdeasMan CavesFor The HomeLove Your HomeSofasUnion JackBureauIndustrial DesignStudyArchitectureFacilityForward
Adjustable Coffee TableAdjustable Height TableNomadic FurnitureFolding TablesIroning BoardsThe ButtonSpace SavingDining TablesCoffee TablesApartmentBureauForward
"Magic-J Glass" is a height adjustable coffee table which becomes a dining table, that can seat up to 6 people.
Old Coffee TablesSmall Coffee TableConvertible FurnitureConvertible Coffee TableFurniture MakersFolding TablesFolding Coffee TableSmall ApartmentsNookBarbecue GrillHomeLaundryWoodLiving FurnitureTerraceChairsForward
Space Saving Dining TableLarge Dining TablesDinning Room TablesSpace Saving FurnitureDining RoomsEnd TablesConvertible Coffee TableExpandable TableTransforming FurnitureLiveForward
Space Savers Easy table from Resource Furniture - transforms from a coffee table to a dining table. This wood be great for both an impromptu craft table and entertaining space for guests!
Multifunctional FurnitureSmart FurnitureFurniture DesignDinning Room TablesTable DeskKitchen TablesTable And ChairsDining RoomsFolding Table LegsTablesKitchenFolding FurnitureFurnitureCrazy HatsIndustrial DesignForward
Mk1Modern PatioDining Room TablesDuffyCoffee TablesHome IdeasTransformersResource FurnitureReclaimed Wood Dining TablePalletsDining RoomForward
Multipurpose FurnitureDiner IdeasAdjustable TableGarden OfficeDinning TableDining RoomTiny LivingMoving HacksTiny HouseSmall SpacesWasChairsCabinetForward
The definitive source for modern coffee tables and contemporary coffee tables
Graphic Design TemplatesGraphic Design FlyerFlyer DesignLayout DesignSummer EventsSummer PartiesDesign PostersPoster DesignsEvent Poster DesignAdvertisingGraphicsForward
Paper TowelsFrying PansFood PlatingThe HeatSpoonsTablesWaterCoffeeColouringRecipesGastronomyForward
Backyard BarBackyard IdeasGarden IdeasPool IdeasCabana IdeasTropical BackyardTropical HousesPatio IdeasTropical ParadiseHomeKitchenGardensProjectsTerraceSpacesWeddingI WantHappinessDelicaciesWoodPure LifeAutismSearchFightBuildingsGuadeloupeForward

value: This website is an image sharing and social media service designed to enable saving and discovery of information  on the internet using images, and on a smaller scale, animated GIFs and videos, in the form of pinboards. The site was created by Ben Silbermann, Paul Sciarra, and Evan Sharp, and had over 478 million global monthly active users as of March 2021.


text:
Let's get started! - Seattle Canasta and Pinochle Meetup (Seattle, WA)
› Let's get started!
Hello, Folks, I joined this group in August just before I went to Burning Man. I decided then that if I returned and you all had not set up a meet up that I would start looking for a place to get together for some Canasta and Pinochle games. Well, here we are in October and not a single game!I am currently living in Auburn and so am not familiar with the comfortable nooks and cranies of Seattle. However, many libraries have "community rooms" of various sizes which can be reserved for group activities - for free, usually. Also, some parks, I noticed, also have community rooms of sorts which I hope we might be able to use for game gatherings. As another option, Panera Bread, if there are any locations IN Seattle, is a great place for meetups as it helps "fill" the restaurant and they are happy to have the people meeting there patronizing them with a purchase of at least a tea or coffee. So, please post in this discussion thread any suggestions of places IN Seattle for free or nearly free meetup locations. Thanks.Fatima
807 Knitters,Crochet & Fiber Artists


text:
86 Hotels near Merode Train Station, Brussels, Belgium. Book your hotel now! - Booking.com part of The Priceline Group
Merode Train Station
Search for properties near Merode Train Station
Popular choice near Merode Train Station
921,256 properties worldwide
Including 436,938 vacation rentals on villas.com
Featured Hotels Near Merode Train Station
(0.4 miles from Merode Train Station)
Holiday Inn Brussels Schuman is located at the heart of Brussels' European District, just under a quarter of a mile from Schuman Metro. Jacqueline.
"The place was nice, but customer service was GREAT!
Paula went ABOVE and BEYOND when she helped my friend and I with directions to get to our places of interest and she even printed train time tables for us. I truly appreciate Paula's attention. Hotels need more staff like her!"
(0.5 miles from Merode Train Station)
Sofitel Brussels Europe is 15 minutes from historic Grand Place by metro. It features fine dining with views of Brussels, free Wi-Fi and elegant accommodations. David.
"Everything: warm, friendly, unpretentious staff; large, clean room with great bed; excellent bathroom and shower; delicious and varied breakfast; parking; good location for EU quarter and Schuman metro..."
(0.8 miles from Merode Train Station)
In the heart of Brussels' European District, the Renaissance Brussels Hotel has modern soundproof rooms with a flat-screen cable TV and free access to an indoor swimming pool, a sauna and a fitness...
"We were in a Junior Suite and it was very well set up. There was a king bed in one room and a pull out sofa for my son in the other."
Aloft Brussels features modern chic guest rooms and free Wi-Fi, just over a quarter mile from the European Parliament and just under half a mile from Maelbeek Metro Station, which provides a 15-minute...
Andrei - Victor.
"Staff is really helpfull and nice!
The rooms are big and clean."
Parlement offers simple rooms in the center of the city, 100 yards from Brussels-Luxembourg Train Station. It has free Wi-Fi and is 200 yards from the European Parliament. adam.
"excellent rooms at affordable rate"
More hotels near Merode Train Station We've negotiated with thousands of hotels to get the very best deals. We call them Secret Deals and they only last for a limited time.
Popular Hotels Near Merode Train Station
Around Merode Train Station
Vrije Universiteit Brussel - Campus Jette
Brussels Luxembourg Train Station Zaventem Airport (BRU)
128445,131269,116441,132353,127931,131642,129064,131517,129494,116790,131617,130239,131964,130619,122919,130468,125705,129082,129561,128467,125221,130401,132395,131923,130456|1,131888,132447,129384,127988|1,131931,131913,132228,127988,130456,131642|1,131833,127370,130356,132318,117210,131783,130151,127247,131514

value: This website is a Dutch online travel agency for lodging reservations & other travel products, and a subsidiary of Booking Holdings. It is headquartered in Amsterdam.The website has over 28 million listings.


text:
Shop Corner Bathroom Counter Organizer Online | Overstock
Was $189.99 $60.07 OFF
"Easy as 1,2,3" by madonne
Love this little storage cabinet. It fits perfectly in the water closet and it was easy as pie to put together. The parts were packaged in the order they were used and I was able to complete the construction in just over 1 hour. It's cute.
Organizer Metal Wire Corner Shower Caddy Bamboo
"as advertised" by Lauren S.
It serves its purpose. Not super sturdy, but I don't think it will fall over too easily.
Madison Corner Floor Cabinet, White
Review by Kelsey L.
Looks as if it has been in our house from the start. Fits perfectly under the molding.
Wall Outlet Shelf - Space Saving with Cable Channel For Cords - Bathroom & Counter Top Socket Plug Shelf
Definitely would recommend this. It allows extra space for your phone or small object while using he outlet
ToiletTree Products Rust Proof Stainless Steel Shower Floor Caddy, 3 Tiers-Assembly Required-Screwdriver Included-Collapsible
It very nice but not what I’m looking for . I need something like this but hanging or attract to the corner
Renovators Supply White Wall Mount Bathroom Vessel Corner Sink
Was $222.99 $33.45 OFF
"Beautiful design!!!" by jymo
Installed in a tight 1/2 bath. Perfect design for this type of situation. Sink arrived quickly and safely. Well packed and very well made.
Seville Classics 2-Tier Iron Corner Shelf Kitchen Cabinet Organizer
"2 tier corner shelf cabinet" by Lisa J.
I bought another home house was built in 1950 had no storage only total of four cabinets in entire kitchen this organizer has been a savior can put all my 16 piece dish sets and all my extra bowls sauce dishes and used only 1 cabinet great space saving item just love it it’s held up and it’s been 2 years already. Without the purchases I made from Overstock my kitchen was almost a blank canvas it looks just beautiful everything besides my appliances I purchased from this site. I well take some pics and list to show you my entire kitchen designed using only what I purchased here and I love my kitchen.
Rustfree Corner Medicine Cabinet Mirrored Door Organizer Wall Mount Shelves Stainless Steel Polished Renovators Supply
Was $233.99 $35.10 OFF
"Perfect for what I needed" by Edward M L.
I was hunting for a medicine cabinet like this forever. This was perfect for my needs. I have had it around 2 years now and it has been flawless. I have a tiny bathroom and the only place to put a sink and mirror was in the very corner and this was literally the only Cabinet that fit. It is perfect. Good construction, and the mirror looks good too.
Steel Corner Shelf Silver
Review by OstkUser4075431
Awesome for stacking even though I expected something a bit different.
Renovators Supply Mirrored Corner Black Wall Mount Medicine Cabinet Organizer Shelves with Solid Wood Recessed
Review by Kris J.
Pretty sturdy and looks great. The inside wasn’t finished. Had overspray but not completely painted. All in all I’m happy with it. Didn’t take very long to hang but you need to know what you’re doing.
Corner Wall Mount Mirror Medicine Cabinet Polished Stainless Steel Organizer Shelves Renovators Supply
Review by Sheldon A.
This was exactly what we needed to go above our small corner vanity. It provides needed storage for toiletries and the stainless finish matches our sink fixtures.
CoastalVogue 3 Tier Oasis Solid Teak Corner Shelf- DriftWood Finish
"Beautiful and functional!" by Amber B.
The product is absolutely beautiful! It’s not yellow as some reviews say. It shows the wood grain through the coloring perfectly. The shipping time was very quick. The only reason I’m giving this product 4 stars is because it’s slightly off balance and we had to unscrew one of the rubber pegs to balance it out. But after doing this the shelf was nice a level and can even be used to prop my leg for shaving.
Eviva Rim Tempered Glass Corner Shelf with Rail
"Looks very stylish" by Katie K.
This corner shelf completes the look of the glass sink I bought. Gives a clean, modern look to my bathroom.
"Wall Organizer" by Christina B.
The wood split some as I was screwing in the screws but overall it is a nice shelf
Better Trends Canister
Nice cannister, but it’s really a cup. I was looking for a bathroom wastebasket. Had to return but it was decent quality.

value: This website is an American internet retailer selling primarily furniture headquartered in Midvale, Utah, near Salt Lake City.


text:
Description: New. 1583330771 We ship 6 days a week with tracking. Most...
New. 1583330771 We ship 6 days a week with tracking. Most orders are shipped within 24 hrs.
Title: Prescription for Nutritional Healing, Fifth Edition: a Practical a-to-Z Reference to Drug-Free Remedies Using Vitamins, Minerals, Herbs & Food Supplements
Description: New. 1583334009 SERVING OUR CUSTOMERS WITH BEST PRICES. FROM A...
New. 1583334009 SERVING OUR CUSTOMERS WITH BEST PRICES. FROM A COMPANY YOU TRUST, HUGE SELECTION. RELIABLE CUSTOMER SERVICE! ! HASSLE FREE RETURN POLICY, SATISFACTION GURANTEED****
Description: New. 1583334009 Fast Shipping! Publisher's overstock.
New. 1583334009 Fast Shipping! Publisher's overstock.
Title: Prescription/Nutrition 5th *
Title: Prescription for Nutritional Healing, Fifth Edition
Description: This new fifth edition of the nation's #1 bestselling guide to...

value: This website is is an online store that sells new books, used books, out-of-print books, rare books, and other media through an online network of independent booksellers.


text:
9781412762847: Story Reader 3-Book Dora the Explorer Library: Dora's Garden Adventure; The Gingerbread Boy; Dora's Sing Along Adventure - AbeBooks: 1412762847
ISBN 13: 9781412762847
ISBN 10: 1412762847 ISBN 13: 9781412762847
Story Reader 3-Book Dora the Explorer Library: Dora's Garden Adventure; The Gingerbread Boy; Dora's Sing Along Adventure, designed for children ages three and older, includes three storybooks and a cartridge. Your child can read and listen to Dora stories and sing along with fun Dora songs.
The handy spiral storybooks follow Dora the Explorer and her friends on action-packed adventures. Plus, children can sing along with Dora to 12 cheerful songs:
In Dora’s Garden Adventure, Boots and Dora are on a quest to help their friend Isla save her garden. Everything in Isla’s garden is growing too big, so they set out to bring her a watering can full of magic water.
In The Gingerbread Boy, Dora and Boots meet a Gingerbread Boy in Fairytale Land. He needs help finding his way home to his mommy and daddy at the Gingerbread House, so they check the map to find the way.
Dora’s Sing-Along Adventure takes Dora and Boots to the Animal Rescue Center to visit Dora’s cousin, Diego. On their way, they sing, “If You’re Hungry and You Know It,” “La Lechuza,” “Over the Mountain and Through the Woods,” and other fun melodies.
Story Reader 3-Book Dora the Explorer Library: Dora's Garden Adventure; The Gingerbread Boy; Dora's Sing Along Adventure conforms to the safety requirements of ASTM F963-03.
1. Story Reader 3-Book Dora the Explorer Library: Dora's Garden Adventure; The Gingerbread Boy; Dora's
Book Description Publications International, Lt, 2006. Spiral-bound. Book Condition: New. Never used!. Bookseller Inventory # P111412762847
2. Story Reader 3-Book Dora the Explorer Library: Dora's Garden Adventure; The Gingerbread Boy; Dora's Sing Along Adventure
Book Description Publications International, Ltd., 2006. Spiral-bound. Book Condition: New. book. Bookseller Inventory # M1412762847

value: This website is an e-commerce global online marketplace with seven websites that offer books, fine art, and collectables from sellers in over 50 countries. Launched in 1996, it specialises in used, rare and out-of-print books.