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Patent US4956865 - Speech recognition - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsIn a speech recognizer, for recognizing unknown utterances in isolated-word speech or continuous speech, improved recognition accuracy is obtained by augmenting the usual spectral representation of the unknown utterance with a dynamic component. A corresponding dynamic component is provided in the templates...http://www.google.com/patents/US4956865?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US4956865 - Speech recognitionAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS4956865 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 07/191,824Publication dateSep 11, 1990Filing dateMay 2, 1988Priority dateJan 30, 1985Fee statusPaidPublication number07191824, 191824, US 4956865 A, US 4956865A, US-A-4956865, US4956865 A, US4956865AInventorsVishwa N. Gupta, Matthew Lennig, Paul MermelsteinOriginal AssigneeNorthern Telecom LimitedExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (6), Non-Patent Citations (6), Referenced by (57), Classifications (10), Legal Events (5) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetSpeech recognitionUS 4956865 AAbstract In a speech recognizer, for recognizing unknown utterances in isolated-word speech or continuous speech, improved recognition accuracy is obtained by augmenting the usual spectral representation of the unknown utterance with a dynamic component. A corresponding dynamic component is provided in the templates with which the spectral representation of the utterance is compared. In preferred embodiments, the representation is mel-based cepstral and the dynamic components comprise vector differences between pairs of primary cepstra. Preferably the time interval between each pair is about 50 milliseconds. It is also preferable to compute a dynamic perceptual loudness component along with the dynamic parameters.
What is claimed is: 1. A method of recognizing an unknown speech utterance comprising the steps of:(i) representing said unknown speech utterance as a first sequence of parameter frames, each parameter frame representing a corresponding time frame of said utterance; (ii) providing a plurality of reference templates, each comprising a second sequence of parameter frames expressed in the same kind of parameters as the first sequence of parameter frames; each parameter frame of the first sequence and second sequence of parameter frames comprising a set of primary parameters and a set of secondary parameters, each of the secondary parameters representing the signed difference between corresponding primary parameters in respective parameter frames derived for different time frames; (iii) computing a dynamic loudness component ΔC.sub.i,o from said unknown speech utterance as a secondary parameter, and providing a corresponding dynamic loudness component ΔT.sub..,o in each of said secondary parameter frames, said dynamic loudness components being a signed rate of change in overall amplitude between frames; (iv) comparing each of the primary and secondary parameters in the sequence of parameter frames of the unknown utterance with each reference template and determining which of the reference templates most closely resembles the unknown utterance. 2. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the time between the centers of adjacent time frames is in the range of 20 to 200 milliseconds.
4. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the secondary parameters are computed in accordance with the expression: ΔC.sub.i,j =C.sub.i+c,j -C.sub.i-d,j for d+1≦i≦M-c,≦j≦7 where i,j are the respective time and coefficient indices of a matrix for the values of the secondary parameters ΔC, M is the maximum number of the time index i, c is the leading frame separation and d is the lagging frame separation, both relative to the frame for which the dynamic parameter is being determined. 5. A method as defined in claim 4, wherein the secondary parameters are computed in accordance with the expression: ΔC.sub.i,j =.sub.i+c,j -C.sub.1,j for 1≦i&lt;d+1 and in accordance with the expression: C.sub.i,j= C.sub.M,j -C.sub.i-31 d,j for M-c&lt;i≦M 6. Apparatus for recognizing an unknown speech utterance in a speech signal comprising:(i) means for representing an unknown speech utterance as a first sequence of parameter frames, each parameter frame representing a corresponding time frame of said utterance; (ii) means for providing a plurality of parameter frames expressed in the same kind of parameters as the first sequence of parameter frames; each parameter frame of the first sequence and second sequence of parameter frames comprising a set of primary parameters and a set of secondary parameters, each of the secondary parameters representing the signed difference between corresponding primary parameters in respective parameter frames derived from different time frames: (iii) means responsive to said unknown speech utterance for computing a dynamic loudness component ΔC.sub.i,0 for said first sequence of parameter frames and means for providing a dynamic loudness component ΔT.sub.l,0 for said second sequence of parameter frames, each component being one of the secondary parameters said dynamic loudness components being a signed rate of change in overall amplitude between frames; (iv) means for comparing each of the primary and secondary parameters in the sequence of parameter frames of the utterance with each reference template and for determining which of the reference templates most nearly resembles the unknown utterance. 7. Apparatus as defined in claim 6, wherein said means for providing provides each said secondary parameter to represent the signed difference between primary parameters in respective parameter frames derived for time frames that are spaced by a time interval in the range of 20 to 200 milliseconds.
9. Apparatus as defined in claim 6, wherein the means for providing includes means for computing the secondary parameters ΔC.sub.i,j in accordance with the expression: ΔC.sub.i,j =C.sub.i+c,j -C.sub.i-d,j for d+1≦i≦M=31 ,≦j≦7 where i,j are the respective time and coefficient indices of a matrix for the values of the secondary parameters ΔC, M is the maximum value of the time coordinate i, c is the leading frame separation and d is the lagging frame separation, both relative to the frame for which the dynamic parameter is being determined. 10. Apparatus as defined in claim 9, wherein said means for computing the secondary parameters does so in accordance with the expression: ΔC.sub.i,j =C.sub.i+c,j -C.sub.1,j for 1≦i&lt;d+1 and in accordance with the expression: ΔC.sub.i,j =C.sub.M,j C.sub.i-d,j for M-c&lt;i≦M Description
the dynamic parameter vector ΔP.sub.6 t is defined to be the vector difference
ΔP.sub.t =P.sub.t+a -P.sub.t-31 b
The invention consists of using the ensemble of parameters P.sub.t together with ΔP.sub.t to represent the speech signal in the neighbourhood of time t. Probability density functions and distances are then defined in terms of this augmented parameter set consisting of both static (primary) and dynamic (secondary) parameters.
Alternatively, the above derivation may be expressed in terms of frame numbers. If Δt=the time difference between adjacent frames and if P.sub.i =the primary parameter vector at frame i, then the dynamic parameter vector ΔP.sub.i is defined as the vector difference ##EQU1##
Preferably the parameters are mel-based cepstral coefficients in which case the primary coefficients C.sub.1,. . . ,C.sub.n represent the spectral shape and the secondary parameters ΔC.sub.1,. . . , ΔC.sub.m represent change in spectral shape during the specified time interval. In addition, ΔC.sub.O may be included in the se of secondary parameters to represent change in loudness or amplitude.
where B.sub.j is the jth mel-frequency channel energy output, F.sub.i are the N spectral magnitudes 1≦i≦N from the Fast Fourier Transform, and the W.sub.ij are weights defined as: ##EQU3##
where ##EQU4## and where l.sub.j, k.sub.j, h.sub.j for 1≦j≦20 are the low, center, and high frequencies, respectively of each filter channel, given in Table 1.
L.sub.j =log.sub.10 .sub.j for 1≦j≦20.
where v.sub.j≧ 0 are chosen to correspond to perceptual importance. Suitable values for v.sub.j are illustrated in Table 1 below.
The means 16 for obtaining the cepstral coefficients C.sub.i functions by taking the cosine transform of the log energies, thus: ##EQU6## where 1≦i≦7.
ΔC.sub.i,j =C.sub.i+c,j -C.sub.i-d,j
For 1≦<d+1
ΔC.sub.i,j =C.sub.i+c,j -C.sub.1,j ; and
For M-c&lt;≦M
ΔC.sub.i,j =C.sub.M,j --C.sub.i-d,j
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2010Nov 1, 2011Sony Computer Entertainment Inc.Voice recognition with dynamic filter bank adjustment based on speaker categorizationUS8229734Jun 23, 2008Jul 24, 2012Phoenix Solutions, Inc.Semantic decoding of user queriesUS8301451 *Jun 25, 2009Oct 30, 2012Svox AgSpeech synthesis with dynamic constraintsUS8352277Apr 9, 2007Jan 8, 2013Phoenix Solutions, Inc.Method of interacting through speech with a web-connected serverUS8374865Apr 26, 2012Feb 12, 2013Google Inc.Sampling training data for an automatic speech recognition system based on a benchmark classification distributionUS8379880Jun 2, 2008Feb 19, 2013Time Warner Cable Inc.Methods and systems for determining audio loudness levels in programmingUS8442829Feb 2, 2010May 14, 2013Sony Computer Entertainment Inc.Automatic computation streaming partition for voice recognition on multiple processors with limited memoryUS8442833Feb 2, 2010May 14, 2013Sony Computer Entertainment Inc.Speech processing with source location estimation using signals from two or more microphonesUS8543398Nov 1, 2012Sep 24, 2013Google Inc.Training an automatic speech recognition system using compressed word frequenciesUS8554559Jan 21, 2013Oct 8, 2013Google Inc.Localized speech recognition with offloadUS8571859Oct 17, 2012Oct 29, 2013Google Inc.Multi-stage speaker adaptationUS20100057467 *Jun 25, 2009Mar 4, 2010Johan WoutersSpeech synthesis with dynamic constraintsWO1997042625A1 *Apr 25, 1997Nov 13, 1997Univ Paris CurieMethod for the voice recognition of a speaker using a predictive model, particularly for access control applicationsWO2002011119A2 *Aug 2, 2001Feb 7, 2002Motorola IncApproximating the magntidue and phase of a complex number* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification704/241, 704/253, 704/E15.4, 704/E11.5International ClassificationG10L15/02, G10L11/02Cooperative ClassificationG10L25/87, G10L15/02European ClassificationG10L25/87, G10L15/02Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionFeb 7, 2002FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 12Aug 30, 2000ASAssignmentOwner name: NORTEL NETWORKS LIMITED, CANADAFree format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:NORTEL NETWORKS CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:011195/0706Effective date: 20000830Owner name: NORTEL NETWORKS LIMITED WORLD TRADE CENTER OF MONTOwner name: NORTEL NETWORKS LIMITED,CANADAFree format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:NORTEL NETWORKS CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:11195/706Dec 23, 1999ASAssignmentOwner name: NORTEL NETWORKS CORPORATION, CANADAFree format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:NORTHERN TELECOM LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:010567/0001Effective date: 19990429Owner name: NORTEL NETWORKS CORPORATION WORLD TRADE CENTER OFOct 16, 1997FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8Sep 23, 1993FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services©2012 Google


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A polling station was opened in Nottingham on Sunday for the city's Polish community to vote in the country's presidential election. It follows the death of President Lech Kaczynski, who died two months ago in a plane crash. More than 700 people registered to vote at the polling station at the Polish Centre on Sherwood Rise.
He said: "A lot of Polish people living in Nottingham want to go back to Poland at some point. "Many of them don't know when it's going to be. It could be within a couple of months, within a couple of years, and they still care and worry how Poland's going to develop and therefore we do want to take part in the elections."
If no candidate gets more than 50% of the vote, as seems likely, a run-off will be held on 4 July. Ninety-six people died in the crash in Smolensk in western Russia on 10 April. More on This Story
Poland heads for election run-off 21 JUNE 2010, EUROPE Tragedy overshadows Polish presidential poll 18 JUNE 2010, EUROPE Service for Polish air-crash dead 16 APRIL 2010, RELIGION AND ETHICS Obituary: Lech Kaczynski 10 APRIL 2010, EUROPE Around the BBC

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android - Google Play Store Suspension Whereabouts [edited] - Stack Overflow
Google Play Store Suspension Whereabouts [edited] [closed]
Due to the certain number of complaints from the people I cooperate with, I would like to reopen this issue due to the new Google Content Policy strategies in mind. Google, unlike Apple, is very stingy with the real explanation why your application is suspended. I'm an iOS developer too and I have experience with App Store rejections, but backed up with screenshots and actual explanations (I was even amazed how did they manage to find those well hidden news and take actual screenshots. Yes, it was a news app).
Recently, I reworked and updated an old "hybrid" app to be fully native one. I've changed nothing related to the content, but only to make it a fully native one. That app got rejected for not complying to the "Gambling Content Policy", after 2 months.
This is a new problem and I would like if we could share problems, solutions here. Advices can come in handy, too.
You can read this too. Same situation with different content.
[remove these edits if this is NOT covered elsewhere]
Been looking for a guide to app suspension from Google play and been struggling to find one so, based on trawling Stack Overflow and the official Android developer forum have put together a guide for what occurs when an app is suspended from the Google Play (Android marketplace). There are some questions interspersed, so if you have first-hand experience of this would be good to hear from you, thanks.
May be worth bearing in mind that Google's Play store TOS is updated from time to time and that if your app is currently compliant that may change, at the whim of Google, at some point in future.
If your app is suspended from the Google Play you will receive a notification email from Google to the developer email associated with your publisher account. Google will list the applicable TOS rules that your app is in breach of. They don’t usually go into too much detail.
You can reply to the notification email and appeal the decision. Having proof to back up your claims will certainly help, for example if your app was suspended due to copyright infringement, being able to prove you have an agreement with the rights holder should be sufficient to ensure your app is reinstated.
Based on your appeal Google may un-suspend your app. This usually happens within a day or two. If your app is un-suspended you’ll have the option to republish it via your Google Play publisher account, under the same package. Existing users will be able to keep their existing settings and in-app purchases.
Do in-app purchases need to be restored?
Google may choose not to reply to your appeal. In which case your app may remain suspended. Suspended apps are no longer live in the Google Play store and their package is no longer available to publish to. What does having a suspended app mean to the end user? Are they blocked from opening the app, or just not able to access it’s page on the Google play store and they will no longer receive updates? What options are open to users that have made in-app purchases on suspended apps?
If your appeal was unsuccessful you can choose to try to fix this issues Google outlined and republish your app under a different package but you’ll of course be starting from scratch with no users and no way to transfer in-app purchases, unless you maintained a separate database of purchases. Not sure on the last point.
Google can choose to close publisher accounts that are repeat offenders. When a publisher account is closed by Google all apps associated with that account are also suspended.
android google-play share|improve this question edited Jan 12 at 22:10
closed as not a real question by Simon, Bill the Lizard May 22 '13 at 14:08
Open an account in Google play store
How to use Google Play Store for testing
Custom App Collection in Google Play Store
Google Play Store new content rating

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Islamic Council Of America6941 Schaefer RdDearborn, MI 48126(313) 584-4488MosquesReligious OrganizationsAdd to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your community collection!Error when adding to community collectionThis business was removed from the community collection17. Masjid As-Sunnah19800 Van DykeDetroit, MI 48234(313) 355-6761MosquesWebsiteAdd to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your community collection!Error when adding to community collectionThis business was removed from the community collection18. Islamic Center Of Toledo25877 Scheider RdPerrysburg, OH 43551(419) 874-3509MosquesChurches & Places of WorshipWebsiteFrom Business: The Islamic School of Greater Toledo, also known as ISGT, is an educational institution that operates a range of academic and enrichment programs. The school offers…Add to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your community collection!Error when adding to community collectionThis business was removed from the community collection19. 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Lanour Islamic Education6965 Whiteford Center RdLambertville, MI 48144(734) 856-8266MosquesChurches & Places of WorshipAdd to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your community collection!Error when adding to community collectionThis business was removed from the community collection29. Islamic Cultural Institute30115 Greater Mack AveSaint Clair Shores, MI 48082(586) 293-5752MosquesChurches & Places of WorshipWebsiteAdd to mybookRemove from mybookAdded to your community collection!Error when adding to community collectionThis business was removed from the community collection30. Albanian Islamic Center19775 Harper AveHarper Woods, MI 48225(313) 884-6676MosquesChurches & Places of WorshipWebsiteSponsored LinksShowing1-30

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Family Dollar Store - New Philadelphia, OH | Groupon
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QMS International Ltd.: Board Committees & Members - Bloomberg
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Nixon: the first year of his Presidency. (Livre, 1970) [WorldCat.org]
Titre: Nixon: the first year of his Presidency.
Éditeur: Washington, Congressional quarterly [1970]
Ajoutez des tags pour "Nixon: the first year of his Presidency.".

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Spoonwood by Hebert, Ernest: Dartmouth College Press/University Press of New England, Lebanon, NH 9781584654902 Hardcover, First Edition, First Printing., Flatsigned by Author - Bryn Mawr Bookstore
Home Hebert, Ernest Spoonwood
ISBN 10: 1584654902 / ISBN 13: 9781584654902
Published by Dartmouth College Press/University Press of New England, Lebanon, NH, 2005
307pp. '1' present in number sequence on copyright page. Dustwrapper illustrated with window view of tall tree trunks in foreground and fogged forest hillside in the background, mandarin title lettering across middle of front cover with white lettering for author name just below; 1 5/8" green square "Autographed Copy" sticker in upper right corner front cover. No previous owner names. Flatsigned by author on title page, else no writing or marks on edges. Size: 8vo - over 7¾" - 9¾" tall. Bookseller Inventory # 004447
Title: Spoonwood
Publisher: Dartmouth College Press/University Press of New England, Lebanon, NH
Ernest Hebert's series of novels set in Darby, New Hampshire, has been hailed by the Boston Globe as "one of the most interesting accomplishments of contemporary American fiction . . . [a series] into which the texture of class is as skillfully woven as it is in Faulkner's Yoknapatawpha County." After almost fifteen years, Hebert has returned to this rich literary landscape for a new novel of the changing economic and social character of New England.

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Crocheted Hot Mat Trivet Pot Holder Violets on White
I have not been happy with the purples that are available in the 100% cotton yarn, I want deep purple like in the song – LOL!
I did find this variegated I liked and I’ve used for the backs of some of my hot mats. So I’m sitting here thinking – “I wonder what this yarn would look like as violets”. I usually don’t wonder too long, I grab the idea and run with it and I think this hot mat turned out very pretty.
It is 9 1/2 inches in diameter and 2 thicknesses of yarn. I reinforce the hanging loop with single crochets so you really can hang them up without stretching out the loop.
CMB-766

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DOESN’T BITE HIS
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1.- That dog _____________________________ (eat) bones.
2.- Inés and I _________________________(speak) German.
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8.- My parents ________________________(travel) abroad.
9.- That old machine ___________________(work) anymore.
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Amazon.co.uk: kimcomm's review of JET - Legacy: (Volume 5)
A Great Read, 17 Dec. 2013
By kimcomm
Top Reviewer Ranking: 2,247,256

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Pirates presentation by DCobbVt 5778 views
The real pirates of the Caribbean; ... by Maria Koonce 2279 views
Pirates by Patricia Riga 1988 views
The Pirates Book by Teaching Ideas 12160 views
Short story pirate's treasure by Eunice Mae Mendoza 1933 views
Black beard by 113272 363 views
Pirates of the Caribbean, edward teach, blackbeard, calico jack, jolly roger, spanish main
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2. How it all started • In it’s infancy, piracy started with groups of rugged men on the island of Hispaniola who lived off the land by hunting ox and boar.They were called buccaneers, from the French "boucaner" (to smoke meat) on a "boucan" (wooden frame set over a fire.) By setting up smokey fires and boucans with prepared meat of cattle, they could get a ship to draw near for trading, at which time the buccaneers would then seize the ship. The buccaneers were later chased off the island by colonial powers and had to seek a “life at sea”.
3. Boucaniers
4. The Spanish Main • The Caribbean had become a center for trade and colonization after Columbus’ discovery of the New World. During the sixteenth century, the Spanish were mining staggering amounts of gold and silver bullion. The huge Spanish shipments of this treasure from the New World back to Europe attracted many pirates.
5. The Spanish Main • To combat piracy, the Spanish adopted a convoy system. They would hire soldiers, guns and more ships to help protect the treasure. These were called treasure fleets. Despite being the richest nation in the world at this time, Spain was could not afford sufficient military presence to control such vast amounts of ocean.
6. The Growth of Trade • With the decline in native populations, Europeans were forced to rely heavily on slave labor. The slave trade offered new sources for profit other than gold and silver. • Plantations produced tobacco and sugar which could make men very rich.
7. The Golden Age of Piracy • During the late 1600’s and early 1700’s, as trade grew, so did the colonies. Many becoming very prosperous. • During this time, Europe was also in turmoil. • There was war waging between many of the “power” countries. • This led to parent countries neglecting their colonies and thus leaving them a prime target for pirates to pillage and plunder.
8. The End of an Era • As the turmoil in Europe came to an end around 1720, parent countries could finally turn their attention back to the colonies in the New World. • Large navies were amassed, especially that of the Royal Navy (England) to combat and prevent piracy. • These navies were so large and widespread that it was nearly impossible for any pirate to pursue an effective career for very long. • It is during this time period that the popular Pirates of the Caribbean is set.
9. A Pirate’s Life for Me Pirates became pirates for many reasons: • Treasure! It was the quickest way to make it to the good life of wine, food, and luxury. It’s all about the booty! • An easy way to get money to spend in the brothels and taverns. It’s all about the booty! • Some forced into it after pirate attacks—carpenters, surgeons • There were no jobs for sailors during times of peace • The drink drove them to it – John Archer, before his hanging in 1724, admitted that “strong drink had hardened him into committing crimes that were more bitter than death to him” (Cordingly 193). – William White, before his execution on the same day, said that “drunkenness had been his ruin, and he had been drunk when he was enticed aboard a pirate ship” (Cordingly 193).
10. Captains of merchant and military vessels were cruel and pushed the crews too far! Edward Hamlin (crime unknown, date unknown) suffered flogging plus being fettered for 8 days to the deck of the ship Richard Baker (1734) became ill on Europa and became too weak to work on deck. The captain forced him to spend four hours at the helm, then a whipping, and 90 minutes of being tied to the mizzen mast. He died a few days later. • “I could wish that Masters of vessels would not use their men with so much severity, as so many of them do, which exposes us to great temptations.” John Archer, 1724, before his execution. • “It was such dogs as he that put men on pirating.” John Phillips, 1722, at the trial of the crew of Bartholomew Roberts, regarding former officers known to starve the men. (Info taken from Cordingly, Under the Black Flag)
11. Types of Pirates:Types of Pirates: Pirate or Privateer? Privateer: Has a legal commission from a government to attack and seize cargo from enemy vessels or villages Pirate: Illegal criminals who attacked and plundered any vessel or coastal village Buccaneer: – Boucanier: French term for process of curing strips of meat over a barbeque – Buccaneers were thugs, outlaws, and hunters of wild oxen and pig on Hispaniola – Eventually left island after food shortages and being pushed out by authorities: took to the seas – Term used for pirates in Caribbean region Corsair: – Pirates in the Mediterranean and European areas
12. Pirate Myths and Legends
13. Fact or Fiction? • Did pirates have parrots? – Sure. Monkeys were popular, too! • Did pirates have peg legs and hooks? – Yes, many lost limbs, but few had hooks. • Did pirates “grapple” and swing from boat to boat? – Not really, usually ships would launch the long boats. But it happened. – They usually didn’t swing from boat to boat; it doesn’t work. – They didn’t slide down sails with knives.
14. Fact or Fiction? • Did pirate ships get close together and fire cannons from just feet away? It’s in all the cool pirate movies? – Sometimes, but that was a really dumb maneuver. • Were there any crazy pirates like the weird, little dude with grenades? – Some may have been little, many were crazy, but they did have grenades!
15. Fact or Fiction? • Did pirates make people walk the plank? – No, there’s only one recorded instance of this, and historians are skeptical about it. • A pirate’s favorite sword: – Cutlass: short but practical (keeps out of ropes) – Daggers were handy, broadswords popular – Rapiers: good for duels – Boarding axes and pikes popular as well
16. It’s all about the booty… Practical and common plunder: Food and water supplies Cloth for sails and markets Spare parts and pieces for the ship (masts, ropes, lumber, etc.) Slaves (to be sold or used) The treasure: • Reales or Pesos: – Silver Spanish coins – The “eight reales” coin became known as “pieces of eight” • Escudos: – Gold Spanish coins – The “eight escudo” coin became known as “doubloon” • Ingot: – Gold or silver cast into a bar Treasure recovered by Barry Clifford from “Black Sam” Bellamy’s Whydah
17. Fact or Fiction? • Did they shoot silverware out cannons? – Silverware, probably not. Nails, chains, other bits of shrapnel, sure. • Did they use a lot of guns? – Yes, but guns were very unreliable. They became wet easily and wouldn’t work. Most pirates carried several pistols. There were marksmen as well.
18. Buried Treasure and X-Marks the Spot! Pirates rarely ever buried their treasure. • Most squandered their shares with drink and prostitutes. • Some hoarded their shares to live the good life, but… most wasted it on drink and women only to have to ship out again for more loot. There are three recorded examples of buried treasure: • Captain Stratton • Sir Francis Drake • And the most famous case of Captain Kidd
19. There’s no such thing as a treasure map!
20. The one who inspired stories of buried treasure… Captain William Kidd: • Not a pirate, at least he would say he wasn’t! • Became a privateer – Wealthy businessmen and politicians paid for the outfitting of 34 gun Adventure Galley – Even King William III got in on the deal – Had permission to attack French pirate ships – Kidd decided to sail to the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean • Kidd was later captured and tried for being pirate. • To avoid the evidence of his plunder being used against him, he had his treasure buried. • Even today, the treasure is a myth and has yet to be found.
21. • Found guilty on all charges – “My lord, it is a very hard sentence. For my part, I am the innocentest person of them all, only I have been sworn against by perjured persons” (Cordingly 189). – Hanged at Execution Block in London, then his corpse was hung in chains at Tilbury Point on the Thames • Kidd’s treasure amounted to nearly £400,000 but only £40,000 were found Captain Kidd…Captain Kidd…
22. PiratePirate FlagsFlags• The background colors of pirate flags were either red or black. Although black is most associated with pirate flags, the very first pirate flags were in fact red! • The early pirates sailed under the red flags. The color red in pirate flags symbolized bloodshed. Red pirate flags also symbolized a warning. • The French name for the red flag was the Jolie Rouge ( a cynical term translated as Pretty Red ). • This later became more well known as the “Jolly Roger”. • Typical Jolly Roger’s are black flags with a white skull and crossbones.
23. The Jolly RogerThe Jolly Roger
24. PiratePirate FlagsFlags• Black = Quarter given (We’ll be “gentle”) • Red = No quarter given (We’ll kill and possibly torture everyone on board) Two flags flown by Henry Avrey’s
25. More Pirate FlagsMore Pirate Flags One of Christopher Moody’s flags• Typical skull and cross bones flown by Edward England Edward Low’s FlagTypical skull and cross bones flown by Edward England
26. More PirateMore Pirate FlagsFlags Calico Jack’s flag Notice the resemblance between this flag and the flag from Pirates of the Caribbean Blackbeard’s flag: Devil skeleton holding an hourglass while stabbing a heart
27. PiraticalPiratical DemocracyDemocracy ?? Pirates were democratic: • They elected captains! • They could rescind their choice! • The crew determined the course of action: – Fight, retreat, go to Madagascar, go to New England: zig-zagged. • The captain made sure the ship went smoothly: courses, battle positions, strategy, argument disputes, money, etc.
28. Famous Pirates
29. Captain Morgan (1635-1688) • Yes, that Captain Morgan!!! • His real name was Henry Morgan. • Was not actually a pirate, he was an English privateer. • Not much is known about his early life. It is thought the he crewed aboard many ships before becoming a captain himself. • Led many attacks on Spanish ships and colonies. • He most famously led a large navy to attack and destroyed Panama City. • He was even appointed governor of Jamaica!
30. Blackbeard (1680-1718) • One of the most famous pirates ever. • Real name was Edward Teach. • Infamous towards the end of the Golden Age of Piracy. • Was very tall and had a thick, black, platted beard. He would also place lit wicks in his hair or in his hat that would smoke to give him a more menacing appearance. • Had one of the largest pirate ships, the 300 ton Queen Anne’s Revenge. It had 44 guns! • His fleet had many ships and over 300 pirates.
31. Blackbeard (1680-1718) • According to records, Blackbeard was a very good captain and did not mistreat his crew. • He was also not as ferocious as he is portrayed. He mostly played off his own legend and menacing appearance to get what he wanted. • He most famously blockaded Charleston, SC and ransomed the port. • Was sought after by Robert Maynard. Maynard caught up to Blackbeard and a battle ensued. • Maynard killed Blackbeard, decapitated him and hung his head from the bow of his ship.
32. Women piratesWomen pirates• Anne Bonny:Anne Bonny: – Left her husband for pirate John Rackham (“Calico Jack”) – Had a child with him • Mary Read:Mary Read: – Raised as a boy, fought in land armies and on ships – Joined with Anne and Calico Jack after her ship was captured • Both sailed and fought dressed as men • When their ship was captured, the rest of the crew wanted to surrender, but Anne and Mary urged them to fight • Both found guilty of piracy – Both escaped hanging because of pregnancy – Mary Read died of fever in prison – Anne Bonny’s and her child’s fate are unknown
Pirates presentation
DCobbVt
The real pirates of the Caribbean; A Golden Age
Maria Koonce
Patricia Riga
The Pirates Book
Short story pirate's treasure
Eunice Mae Mendoza
Pirate narrative

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Rosa Drago-Ferrante - Semantic Scholar
Renza Vento22
Giovanni Tesoriere22
Riccardo Di Fiore18
Anna De Blasio14
Daniela Carlisi13
18Renza Vento
14Giovanni Tesoriere
10Daniela Carlisi
10Riccardo Di Fiore
9Anna De Blasio
Paclitaxel (PTX) is an anticancer drug currently in phase II clinical trials. This study shows for the first time that low doses of PTX (5 nM) potently induce apoptosis in human retinoblastoma Y79 cells. The effect of PTX is accompanied by a potent induction of E2F1 which appears to play a critical role in the effects induced by PTX. PTX induced a dose- and… (More)
Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular malignancy of childhood. In developing countries, treatment is limited, long-term survival rates are low and current chemotherapy causes significant morbidity to pediatric patients and significantly limits dosing. Therefore there is an urgent need to identify new therapeutic strategies to improve the clinical… (More)
Osteosarcoma (OS), an aggressive highly invasive and metastatic bone-malignancy, shows therapy resistance and recurrence, two features that likely depend on cancer stem cells (CSCs), which hold both self-renewing and malignant potential. So, effective anticancer therapies against OS should specifically target and destroy CSCs. We previously found that the… (More)
Daniela Carlisi, Giuseppina Buttitta, +4 authors Giovanni Tesoriere
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are aggressive forms of breast carcinoma associated with a high rate of recidivism. In this paper, we report the production of mammospheres from three lines of TNBC cells and demonstrate that both parthenolide (PN) and its soluble analog dimethylaminoparthenolide (DMAPT) suppressed this production and induced cytotoxic… (More)
Riccardo di Fiore, Annalisa Guercio, +11 authors Renza Vento
Osteosarcoma is the second leading cause of cancer-related death for children and young adults. In this study, we have subcutaneously injected-with and without matrigel-athymic mice (Fox1nu/nu) with human osteosarcoma 3AB-OS pluripotent cancer stem cells (CSCs), which we previously isolated from human osteosarcoma MG63 cells. Engrafted 3AB-OS cells were… (More)
Riccardo di Fiore, Daniele Fanale, +9 authors Antonio Russo
Finding new treatments targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) within a tumor seems to be critical to halt cancer and improve patient survival. Osteosarcoma is an aggressive tumor affecting adolescents, for which there is no second-line chemotherapy. Uncovering new molecular mechanisms underlying the development of osteosarcoma and origin of CSCs is crucial to… (More)
Riccardo di Fiore, Michela Marcatti, +8 authors Renza Vento
Osteosarcoma is a highly metastatic tumor affecting adolescents, for which there is no second-line chemotherapy. As suggested for most tumors, its capability to overgrow is probably driven by cancer stem cells (CSCs), and finding new targets to kill CSCs may be critical for improving patient survival. TP53 is the most frequently mutated tumor suppressor… (More)
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a clinically aggressive form of breast cancer that is unresponsive to endocrine agents or trastuzumab. TNBC accounts for ~10-20% of all breast cancer cases and represents the form with the poorest prognosis. Patients with TNBC are at higher risk of early recurrence, mainly in the lungs, brain and soft tissue,… (More)

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Dyspepsia - NCBI Bookshelf
Managing Dyspepsia in Adults in Primary Care
NICE Clinical Guidelines, No. 17
ISBN-10: 0-9540161-7-3
The guideline defines dyspepsia broadly and inclusively, reflecting its presentation and management in the primary care setting. Thus, dyspepsia refers to a spectrum of usually intermittent upper gastrointestinal symptoms, including epigastric pain and heartburn. Annually, 40% of the adult population may suffer from dyspepsia, although only about 2% consult their GP. Currently, prescribed drugs and endoscopies alone annually cost the NHS about £600 million; over-the-counter medication cost patients a further £100 million. The evidence review differentiates between uninvestigated dyspepsia and three main categories arising from investigation: gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, peptic ulcer disease and non-ulcer dyspepsia. Further sub-categories are discussed as the evidence allows.
Dyspepsia: definition and prevalence
Treatments and procedures for dyspepsia
Referral guidance for endoscopy at presentation
Auditing care
References (Evidence)
Appendix 1 Describing the results of trials
Appendix 2 Describing the results of diagnostic tests
Appendix 3 Prescription cost analysis for dyspepsia-related drugs
Appendix 4 A cost comparison of serology, stool antigen and breath testing for H. pylori
Appendix 5 Patients’ and GPs’ views of dyspepsia
Appendix 6 Randomised controlled trials of therapies for undiagnosed dyspepsia
Appendix 7 Randomised controlled trials of therapies for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
Appendix 8 Economic analyses addressing management of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD)
Appendix 9 Randomised controlled trials of therapies for peptic ulcer
Appendix 10 Economic analyses addressing H. pylori eradication in peptic ulcer disease
Appendix 11 Randomised controlled trials of therapies for non-ulcer dyspepsia
Bookshelf ID: NBK53748PMID: 21678625
Review Dyspepsia and Gastro-oesophageal Reflux: A Systematic Review[ 2007]
Review Dyspepsia and Gastro-oesophageal Reflux: A Systematic Review
Swedish Council on Health Technology Assessment. 2007 Oct
Managing dyspepsia without alarm signs in primary care: new national guidance for England and Wales.[Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005]
Mason JM, Delaney B, Moayyedi P, Thomas M, Walt R, North of England Dyspepsia Guideline Development Group.. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005 May 1; 21(9):1135-43.
Minimal differences in prevalence and spectrum of organic disease at upper gastrointestinal endoscopy between selected secondary care patients with symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux or dyspepsia.[Scand J Gastroenterol. 2017]
Irvine AJ, Pinto-Sanchez MI, Bercik P, Moayyedi P, Ford AC. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2017 Apr; 52(4):396-402. Epub 2016 Dec 15.
Review Essential Hypertension: Managing Adult Patients in Primary Care[ 2004]
Review Essential Hypertension: Managing Adult Patients in Primary Care
North of England Hypertension Guideline Development Group (UK). 2004 Aug
Hospital admissions and primary care attendances for nonulcer dyspepsia, reflux oesophagitis and peptic ulcer in Scotland 1981-2004.[Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2...]
Baron JH, Sonnenberg A. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008 Mar; 20(3):180-6.

value: This website is part of the United States National Library of Medicine , a branch of the National Institutes of Health . It is approved and funded by the government of the United States.


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Ya'acov Ben-Dov - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Yaakov Ben Dov)
Yaakov Ben-Dov collection at the Israel Museum. Retrieved February 2012
^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ot948byW8A8
^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hb6OqNWihDQ
^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gRMstBUPeMU
^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dBDuUKm8SyU
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ya%27acov_Ben-Dov&oldid=716626368"	Categories: Israeli film directorsBezalel Academy of Art and Design alumniBurials at the Jewish cemetery on the Mount of OlivesIsraeli photographersIsraeli artists1882 births1968 deathsHidden categories: Articles with hCardsPages using infobox artist with unknown parametersCommons category with local link different than on WikidataCS1 errors: dates	Navigation menu
ČeštinaFrançaisעברית中文	Edit links	This page was last modified on 22 April 2016, at 20:32.

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Patent US5643930 - 6-heterocyclic-4-amino-1,3,4,5,-tetrahydrobenz [cd]indoles - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatents6-heterocyclic-4-amino-1,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenz-[cd]indoles are provided which are useful in modifying the function of serotonin in mammals....http://www.google.com/patents/US5643930?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US5643930 - 6-heterocyclic-4-amino-1,3,4,5,-tetrahydrobenz [cd]indolesAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS5643930 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 08/456,225Publication dateJul 1, 1997Filing dateMay 31, 1995Priority dateMar 28, 1991Fee statusLapsedAlso published asCA2107010A1, CN1056144C, CN1094724A, EP0590971A1, EP1000621A2, EP1000621A3, US5364856, US5594019, US5624944, US5641797, US5665743, US5665758, US5674884, US5736562, US5750554Publication number08456225, 456225, US 5643930 A, US 5643930A, US-A-5643930, US5643930 A, US5643930AInventorsRichard N. Booher, David E. Lawhorn, Charles J. Paget, Jr., John M. SchausOriginal AssigneeEli Lilly And CompanyExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (29), Non-Patent Citations (41), Classifications (71), Legal Events (5) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet6-heterocyclic-4-amino-1,3,4,5,-tetrahydrobenz [cd]indoles
US 5643930 AAbstract
6-heterocyclic-4-amino-1,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenz-[cd]indoles are provided which are useful in modifying the function of serotonin in mammals.
1. A compound of the formula ##STR15## wherein: R1 is hydrogen, C1 -C4 alkyl, C3 -C4 alkenyl, cyclopropylmethyl, phenyl (C1 -C4 alkyl), naphthyl (C1 -C4 alkyl), phenyl (C1 -C4 alkyl) substituted with one or two substituents selected from the group consisting of C1 -C3 alkoxy, halo, hydroxy, C1 -C3 thioalkyl, nitro, C1 -C3 alkyl or trifluoromethyl, naphthyl (C1 -C4 alkyl) substituted with one or two substituents selected from the group consisting of C1 -C3 alkoxy, halo, hydroxy, C1 -C3 thioalkyl, nitro, C1 -C3 alkyl or trifluoromethyl, --(CH2)n S(C1 -C4 alkyl), --C(O)R4, or --(CH2)n C(O)NR5 R6 ;R2 is hydrogen, C1 -C4 alkyl, cyclopropylmethyl or C3 -C4 alkenyl; R3 is hydrogen, C1 -C4 alkyl or an amino blocking group; n is 1-4; R4 is hydrogen, C1 -C4 alkyl, C1 -C4 haloalkyl, C1 -C4 alkoxy or phenyl; R5 and R6 are independently hydrogen, C1 -C4 alkyl, or C5 -C8 cycloalkyl with the proviso that when one of R5 or R6 is a cycloalkyl the other is hydrogen; HET is a heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of ##STR16## where R is hydrogen, C1 -C3 alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, C1 -C3 alkoxy, C1 -C3 thioalkyl, NH2, CN or phenyl; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. 2. The compounds of claim 1 wherein R1 and R2 are independently C1 -C3 alkyl or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
10. A compound of claim 1 selected from the group consisting of (-)(4R)-6-(3-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4-(di-n-propylamino)-1,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenz[cd]indole; (4R)-6-[2-(1,3,4-oxadiazolyl)]-4-(di-n-propylamino)-1,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenz[cd]indole; (-)(4R)-6-(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-4-(di-n-propylamino)-1,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenz[cd]indole, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

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Mrs. Fields Nibblers Basket (216 count) - 13834817 - Overstock.com Shopping - Big Discounts on Mrs. FIelds Gourmet Food Baskets
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Mrs. Fields Nibblers Basket (216 count) Today: $75.99 Add to Cart

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Kim Zolciak loses 4 more inches off her waist using waist training | Fox News
Kim Zolciak loses 4 more inches off her waist using waist training
How small can Kim Zolciak's waist get?!
The former "Real Housewives of Atlanta" star, who already shocked her fans in March with her alarmingly tiny waist, recently Instagrammed that she lost four inches off her waist due to the celebrity-endorsed waist-training trend.
"Sooooo I made a video since most of you think I photoshop my pics! I don't cause I don't need to!" she wrote. "I have horrible posture (carrying the twins did me in) and it really helps that too at least for me. I recommend the waist trainer because it works so well for me and I like to share with you guys what products I love since there are so many out there!"
"Wearing a corset won’t make you lose fat around your waist," Holly Phillips, MD, a New York City-based internist, tells Yahoo Health. "What is a myth is that you can change your bone structure by wearing them. For [adult] women, your bones are formed. You can bruise them and harm them, but you can't change them."
"The corset itself doesn't have any direct effect on your fat or anatomy," adds Andrew Miller, MD, a New York City-based plastic surgeon. "If you stopped wearing a corset, eventually you're just going to return to the way you were."

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I found a group of gifs you may or may not be interested in. : davidtennantjump to contentmy subredditsannouncementsArtAskRedditaskscienceawwblogbookscreepydataisbeautifulDIYDocumentariesEarthPornexplainlikeimfiveFitnessfoodfunnyFuturologygadgetsgamingGetMotivatedgifshistoryIAmAInternetIsBeautifulJokesLifeProTipslistentothismildlyinterestingmoviesMusicnewsnosleepnottheonionOldSchoolCoolpersonalfinancephilosophyphotoshopbattlespicsscienceShowerthoughtsspacesportstelevisiontifutodayilearnedTwoXChromosomesUpliftingNewsvideosworldnewsWritingPromptsedit subscriptionsfront-all-random | IAmA-videos-photoshopbattles-Music-creepy-personalfinance-aww-food-movies-DIY-space-Documentaries-television-pics-gifs-Showerthoughts-InternetIsBeautiful-worldnews-sports-Art-EarthPorn-nottheonion-news-OldSchoolCool-listentothis-explainlikeimfive-Fitness-LifeProTips-books-UpliftingNews-Futurology-mildlyinteresting-askscience-GetMotivated-tifu-WritingPrompts-funny-AskReddit-todayilearned-nosleep-gaming-gadgets-TwoXChromosomes-science-Jokes-philosophy-dataisbeautiful-historymore »reddit.com davidtennantcommentsrelatedwant to join? login or register in seconds|Englishlimit my search to /r/davidtennantuse the following search parameters to narrow your results:subreddit:subredditfind submissions in "subreddit"author:usernamefind submissions by "username"site:example.comfind submissions from "example.com"url:textsearch for "text" in urlselftext:textsearch for "text" in self post contentsself:yes (or self:no)include (or exclude) self postsnsfw:yes (or nsfw:no)include (or exclude) results marked as NSFWe.g. subreddit:aww site:imgur.com dogsee the search faq for details.advanced search: by author, subreddit...this post was submitted on 01 Nov 201273 points (94% upvoted)shortlink: remember mereset passwordloginSubmit a new linkSubmit a new text postdavidtennantsubscribeunsubscribe5,879 readers~6 users here nowThis is for links to David Tennant's non-Doctor Who work.
created by lengaua community for 4 yearsmessage the moderatorsMODERATORSlengauTheGreatGogglespassion4pizza727374I found a group of gifs you may or may not be interested in. (self.davidtennant)submitted 1 year ago by tiffanydisasterxoxoNSFW15 commentssharecancelsorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onloading...sorted by: bestbesttopnewhotcontroversialoldrandomyou are viewing a single comment's thread.view the rest of the comments →[–][deleted] 2 points3 points4 points 1 year ago (0 children)sorry, this has been archived and can no longer be voted onYep, I watched that too many times.
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One of the best breakfast buffets around! - Review of Seaview's Main Dining Room, Absecon, NJ - TripAdvisor
All Absecon Restaurants Restaurants near Seaview's Main Dining Room
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One of the best breakfast buffets... - Seaview's Main Dining Room
United States New Jersey (NJ) Jersey Shore Absecon Absecon Restaurants Seaview's Main Dining Room
“One of the best breakfast buffets around!”
Review of Seaview's Main Dining Room
Seaview's Main Dining Room 401 S New York Rd, Absecon, NJ 08205-9753 +1 609-652-1800
Find a table Update Seaview's Main Dining Room is not available for your requested time. Choose another time, or search restaurants with availability.
Ranked #12 of 54 Restaurants in Absecon
Restaurant details Dining style: Casual Elegant Cross street: Route 9 & Jimmy Leeds Road There are newer reviews for this restaurant
See the most recent reviews KMillerNewYork
52 helpful votes “One of the best breakfast buffets around!”
The buffet includes delicious fresh juice, coffee and tea. Has Lots of hot and cold choices to eat. Great, friendly service.
Thank KMillerNewYork Report Ask KMillerNewYork about Seaview's Main Dining Room
English first Any Gershwin12
Level Contributor 636 reviews 362 restaurant reviews
460 helpful votes “Home cooking”
Feels like the greasy spoon diner in my neighbor that I love but service is very slow. Breakfast was fresh and tasty. Great old house feel like I was in a friends home. Coffee was delicious and strong.
Helpful? Thank Gershwin12 Report Ask Gershwin12 about Seaview's Main Dining Room
This review is the subjective opinion of a TripAdvisor member and not of TripAdvisor LLC. owietus
11 helpful votes “Nice dining”
Great food, great location and a nice dining room. Always nice selections the food is amazing. I especially love the Sunday brunch
Helpful? Thank owietus Report Ask owietus about Seaview's Main Dining Room
This review is the subjective opinion of a TripAdvisor member and not of TripAdvisor LLC. Annie0407
8 helpful votes “Be aware of Passover week”
We normally make an annual trip to Seaview, and have a wonderful time. We really look forward to the terrific brunch. However, this year, our visit coincided with the entire hotel being Kosher for the week, as it had been booked for a religious retreat. Therefore, the wonderful brunch was replaced by a complimentary continental breakfast. We wound up waiting at Shea's for two hours for breakfast. This is apparently the third or fourth year, so it seems to be an ongoing event, which coincides with Passover. The hotel did its best to accommodate us, but we would have appreciated advance notice.
Helpful? Thank Annie0407 Report Ask Annie0407 about Seaview's Main Dining Room
This review is the subjective opinion of a TripAdvisor member and not of TripAdvisor LLC. UndeservedMercy
Level Contributor 3 reviews “Breakfast Buffet”
Wonderful Breakfast Buffet. Made to order egg omelet, choice of egg whites or whole eggs. Fresh fruits, Belgian waffles, fresh strawberries,
Helpful? Thank UndeservedMercy Report Ask UndeservedMercy about Seaview's Main Dining Room
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Mean Girls I'm a Mouse duh Burn Book Retro Vintage High | Etsy
A glass sealed cameo depicting the quote 'I'm a mouse, duh!' (complete with mouse ears!) from the 2004 cult classic movie Mean Girls!


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Geneva Chastain Obituary - Augusta, GA | The Augusta Chronicle
- Hubert & Michelle Chastain
"I am so sorry for your loss. She was always sweet and kind..."
- Tammy Price Summerlin
"Since I was 16years old, you accepted me as part of your..."
- Pamela Black
Mrs. Geneva Chastain, 86, entered into rest on Friday, September 7, 2018.
Mrs. Chastain's passion was working with her flowers and spending time with her family. She also enjoyed cooking for her family and friends. She was a loving wife, mother, grandmother, great-grandmother and great-great grandmother.
Mrs. Chastain is preceded in death by her husband, Leonard Arthur Chastain. Survivors include her children, Jackie Foster (Len), Sarah Hutto (Russell), Clarence Chastain (Debbie), Ralph Chastain, JoAnn Thompson, Ricky Chastain (Gloria), John Chastain (Kathy) and Pam Black; sisters, Barbara Collins (Gene) and Mazie Collins (JB); 13 grandchildren; 18 great-grandchildren; and 3 great-great grandchildren.
The family will receive friends from 6-8pm, Monday, September 10, 2018 at Elliott Sons Funeral Home on Lumpkin Road. Funeral services will be held at 1pm, Tuesday, September 11, 2018 at the Bellevue Memorial Gardens Chapel. Pallbearers who will honor Mrs. Chastain are Chase Wittke, Johnathan Chastain, Chris Weathersbee, Eric Meads, Milton Shepard and David Poole.

value: This website is a United States-based website founded in 1998, the world's largest commercial provider of online memorials. The Web site hosts obituaries and memorials for more than 70 percent of all U.S. deaths.


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Mar 10, 2014, 23:19 ET from Calvin Coolidge Memorial Foundation
PLYMOUTH NOTCH, Vt., March 10, 2014 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- The Board of Trustees of the Calvin Coolidge Memorial Foundation is pleased to announce that local support will enable it to expand its high school economic debate program at Plymouth Notch this summer. The trust of Donald and Prudence Webb has given $50,000 in support of the youth debate program, conducted in partnership with the Debate Institutes at Dartmouth. This gift will enable more debaters, including beginners and Vermonters, to participate in the program. Scholarships will be available to the program.
"I am sure that the Webbs would be delighted about this contribution to the Coolidge Foundation," said Thomas J. Amidon, trustee of the Webb trust. "This contribution follows the Coolidge ethos by which the Webbs lived."
Vermont groups have already shown support for the Foundation's programs, with St. Johnsbury Academy alumni contributing to the Foundation's 2013 gala dinner. But the Webb gift is the most significant support to the Foundation from within Vermont since the Foundation commenced its debate program last summer.
"Our program can expand because of this generous gift," said Matthew Denhart, executive director of the Foundation. Instead of one debate, as last summer, the Foundation will host three this year: July 8, July 10 and August 1. "Together with our writing prize for Vermont youth, "The Calvin," and our prize at Vermont History Day, sponsored by donor Mimi Baird, this gift means Coolidge is truly present in the Green Mountain state." This year, the debate program in Vermont will be funded by the Coolidge Foundation; an idea of the program can be glimpsed in a video from last year's debate, cofounded alongside another presidential foundation, the George W. Bush Presidential Center.
"This gift represents important affirmation from the local community. We hope Vermont teens will apply to the Debate Institutes at Dartmouth to attend the program this summer," said Amity Shlaes, chairman of the Foundation's board.
To learn more about the Calvin Coolidge Memorial Foundation, visit www.calvin-coolidge.org.
Jan 27, 2014, 16:44 ET
Preview: Presidential Foundation Augments Role of Coolidge Biographer, Amity Shlaes, Names Her Chief Executive Officer

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Minnie Zimmer (1890-1902) - Find A Grave Memorial
1902 (aged 11–12)
86130532 · View Source
Magdaline Zimmer
William Zimmer*
Mary Zimmer*
Emma Zimmer*
Ida Zimmer Atkins*
Maintained by: Retta
Find A Grave Memorial 86130532
Find A Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com : accessed ), memorial page for Minnie Zimmer (1890–1902), Find A Grave Memorial no. 86130532, citing Saint Anthonys Cemetery, Streator, LaSalle County, Illinois, USA ; Maintained by Retta (contributor 46495292) .
Add Photos for Minnie Zimmer
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your computer for Minnie Zimmer memorial.
I thought you might like to see a memorial for Minnie Zimmer I found on Findagrave.com.

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On the eve of The Apprentice final, Nick Hewer gives his verdict on the contestants | Daily Mail Online
Updated: 19:40 EST, 15 July 2011
Nick Hewer claims to be speaking on behalf of the ‘Cover Your A**e Party’ when we meet, which is probably just as well when your boss is The Apprentice’s abrasive Lord Sugar.
Given his background in public relations and the 27 years he’s notched up working with the man formerly known as Siralan, Nick is pretty good at this bottom-covering lark.
‘Sugar is the master of the boardroom,’ he says. ‘He’s like a hovering angel.’ Hovering angel? Lord Sugar? ‘A hovering angel,’ Nick repeats, warming to his theme. ‘When the apprentices are fired he’ll often say, “I’ll go and make sure they’re OK.” They’re sobbing against the cab which is about to drive them home and he’ll comfort them. He doesn’t like people making fun of them.’
Who will it be? The Apprentice finalists Tom Pellereau, Helen Milligan, Susan Ma and Jim Eastwood at a photocall in London yesterday
Loyal: Nick Hewer, 67 has worked with Lord Sugar. for 27 years and is used to the boardroom antics
That, of course, is Lord Sugar’s job. Remember the hapless Edward Hunter, an accountant from Reading who was fired way back in this series’ episode one? Lord Sugar said of him, ‘Edward reminds me of a very slow internet line. You have to wait as you see him ticking over.’ Or the verbose Vincent Disneur, a 29- year-old sales manager who went out in episode five? ‘I know you’re Belgian and that’s where waffles come from but…’ said Lord Sugar.
Imagine being offered a comforting hug from the person who’s just humiliated you in front of nine million viewers. I’m sure they’d have preferred to wallop him.
Nick, 67, raises a quizzical eyebrow. Apprentice stalwarts will recognise this as one of Nick’s two looks, the second being his chewing-on-a-lemon face, which I’m treated to now when I wonder what he makes of the four finalists – Jim Eastwood, 32, an entrepreneur from Northern Ireland, Tom Pellereau, 31, an inventor from London, Helen Milligan, 30, a law graduate from Northumberland and Susan Ma, 21, from Croydon.
NICK ON THE FINALISTS
TOM PELLEREAU: ‘A gentleman. But Jim may trip him’
HELEN MILLIGAN: ‘A winner – if she lets her hair down’
JIM EASTWOOD: ‘I don’t find him charming’
SUSAN MA: ‘She can whinge in six languages’
This time the victor won’t win a job with a six-figure salary, but instead £250,000 to invest in a business venture of their own. Lord Sugar will not only put up the cash but mentor them. So who’s Nick’s money on?
‘Jim is very competent; I think he’s read a lot of self-help books, probably written by Americans.’ Nick’s eyebrow is up again. ‘He’s manipulative, quite daunting as an operator, a great salesman, but I don’t find him charming. He keeps talking about his bloody Irish charm. Charm is a dangerous word.’ Tom? ‘I like him,’ says Nick.
‘He’s a gentleman, but whether he can beat people like Jim, who’ll trip him up or persuade him to fall over… Now Susan, people say, “Bloody whinging Susan”. Why wouldn’t she whinge? Until recently she was living in a paper bag in Shanghai. She’s come here, taught herself English, got herself into University College London and left with a good degree. I know she can whinge in six languages, but I won’t have her rubbished.'
Different strokes: Helen has been called an 'ice maiden', while Susan 'an whinge in six languages'
And Helen? ‘A beautiful young woman. She’s decided she’s the ice-cool corporate maid with the bun, but she’s a winner – if only she’d undo her hair. ‘So who’ll clinch it? If there’s a weak one in there I’d say, “Come back Susan in three or four years and you’d wipe the floor with the rest of them.”’
Why David Brent is my hero: Ten years after The Office first aired, its creator reveals the inspiration behind... My haven: Choreographer Arlene Phillips invites us into the dance studio that’s been her second home for 30...
Nick has a dry humour that fits as snugly as his tailored trousers. But something’s missing. Ah yes, Lord Sugar’s other silver-haired lieutenant, retired lawyer Margaret Mountford, 59, who returns for tomorrow’s final to interview the candidates. Nick and Margaret were a double act (a raised eyebrow here, a scowl there) who were the real stars of The Apprentice until Margaret left two years ago to complete her PhD in papyrology (ancient literature) and was replaced by Karren Brady.
I think she’s very special It may have something to do with the length of time I’ve known her
Now, Karren’s likeable and competent, but how we’ve missed the Nick ’n’ Marge show. Think tonic without gin. Has Nick pined for her? ‘Ah, the blessed Margaret,’ he sighs, introducing a third look, chewing-on-sugar-candy. ‘I think she’s very special It may have something to do with the length of time I’ve known her.’ Between them they’d notched up more than 40 years working for the hovering angel before he persuaded them to be his ‘eyes and ears’ on the show.
‘It may be because we’re nearer in age. It may be because we’ve shared experiences when working for Sugar. But Karren’s no slouch. We have a cordial relationship.’ Cordial? Given he’s the silver-tongued PR who’s just spun Lord Sugar onto a celestial plane, he doesn’t sound enthused. We’re different ages and from different backgrounds. Karren’s got her children, her husband, her own set,’ he says.
‘Margaret and I used to go out to dinner because both of us were kicking around London on our own. We were two lonely old people with white hair and we bounce off each other quite well mentally. I think Margaret genuinely had to get on with her Phd. I don’t think she was as attracted to the money as much as me. She made a lot more as a lawyer than I did.’
Nick actually sold his PR firm in 1997 for a small fortune (Margaret helped negotiate the deal) but kept Sugar as a client. He helped the boss win his role on The Apprentice – apparently Sir Philip Green was the first choice but was busy buying M&S at the time. Nick suggested schmoozing the producers at Lord Sugar’s home in Marbella, Spain. ‘I stayed on for a few days’ holiday in Spain after we’d had the meeting with them, which opened the door for me to be on the programme,’ he says. ‘Not that I wanted it open. Sugar tried to persuade me and got angry because I didn’t want to do it.
New squad: Retired lawyer Margaret Mountford, 59, left The Apprentice two years ago to complete her PhD in papyrology (ancient literature) and was replaced by Karren Brady (left)
‘It’s dangerous if you’re his guest and he wants you to do something you don’t want to do. I didn’t think I’d be of any value, but he strong-armed me into it and the only other old, retired, white-haired person he trusted and who didn’t have a job was Margaret. We were rather good together…’
Nick’s real-life partner is the entrepreneurial Catherine, 63, with whom he’s lived since 1997 but never married. They have homes in Northamptonshire and the south-west of France. Catherine doesn’t really like France, ‘so I live a solitary life there,’ says Nick. ‘I love it. I’m an independent spirit. I’ll fly back from France and it’s a joy to see her because there’s been a gap. We talk on the phone every day, though.
So yes, you do get a rocket working for him, but he doesn’t harbour it... He’s an entirely decent bloke
‘I was jolly lucky to have stumbled across her. I knew her when I was a kid. We went out with each other in our 20s but she married somebody else. He died some years ago and we were reintroduced by mutual friends. That was a stroke of fortune. She wanted to get married in the beginning, but I didn’t want to. I said, “No, it will spoil the dynamics.”
'Now I want to marry her but she won’t have it. The last time the subject came up we were at dinner with the Sugars and another couple. Lady Sugar and the other lady said, “Say yes, we’ll be bridesmaids.” Which was a wonderful image. But Catherine says we’re fine as we are.’
Are you tough enough? Who will Lord Sugar go into business with?
Why has she had a change of heart? ‘Probably tax,’ he says, but I don’t think he means it. One of five children with an Irish mother, Nick was born in Swindon and educated by Jesuits in Ireland where he loved drama but not school. After placing an advertisement in a PR magazine, he joined a PR agency, which he later bought, taking on the then Sir Alan as a client. They’ve become friends and, when his father died of cancer last year – his mother had died of a heart condition in 1999 – Lord Sugar was a huge support.
‘He was on the phone and sent wreaths. He really is a very thoughtful person. I know he’s blunt. You can have dinner and a jolly social evening and he’s on the phone the next morning b*****king you. He’s very compartmentalised in terms of work and social life.
Good friend: 'Margaret and I used to go out to dinner because both of us were kicking around London on our own'
‘So yes, you do get a rocket working for him, but he doesn’t harbour it. He’s an entirely decent bloke.’ Nick is genuinely fond of Lord Sugar. ‘He values loyalty, and I’ve always been loyal. He’s also very demanding, but I loved that. I was in the office on Sundays. Even when I was married I worked like that. We had a house in Wiltshire and I’d drag files back to work over the weekend. It was exhausting.’
Indeed, he separated from his wife of ten years two years after Lord Sugar became a client, when his son and daughter, now 33 and 36, were both under ten. ‘That was very difficult,’ he says. ‘Martin Amis wrote in his autobiography, Experience, “It’s the destiny of every divorced father to lose his family.” Well, I didn’t. I persevered.
‘I lost touch with my daughter for a long time because…’ he stops himself. ‘I won’t say on tape. But my relationship with my children has strengthened over the years. But I don’t think they watch The Apprentice. They might be embarrassed about it.
‘Catherine hates fuss, too. Anything with a tinge of vulgarity is abhorrent to her. If I was ever to veer towards celebrity she’d pull me back sharply.’ His eyebrows are dancing again. ‘I count myself fortunate on three counts: Catherine, my children and The Apprentice. As long as the makers want me and I’m physically able to do it I will, because I’m jolly lucky to have been in the right place at the right time.
‘There’s no genius to what I do, but nobody could do what Sugar does – he’s extraordinary. Karren and I just scuttle around making notes for him because he wants to know what happened while he’s in the office making millions. He used to fly all over the country at his own cost supporting government apprentice schemes.
‘He did The Apprentice so he could reach a bigger audience. It’s all about engagement,’ he says. And, of course, those millions he makes when he’s not hovering in the boardroom. Nick’s eyebrows dance. Touché.
The Apprentice Final is on BBC1 tomorrow at 9pm, and includes You’re Hired at 10pm. Nick is patron of the charity Hope & Homes for Children, www.hopeandhomes.org

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