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iphone - Should I put my UITabBarController outside the App Delegate? - Stack Overflow
Should I put my UITabBarController outside the App Delegate?
I followed an example from "Beginning iPhone 3 Development" which puts the code for the main view controller, a Tab Bar, in the delegate method. Is this the correct place to put this or should it be in a separate .h and .m file? All my subviews are in separate files so I'm wondering if I should have my tab bar view controller code in a separate file also.
Also, for the subviews I call ViewDidLoad as normal but there is no ViewDidLoad in the delegate method, I guess because it's of type NSObject and not UIViewController. Should I change the delegate to a type UIViewController so I can call ViewDidLoad?
Thanks, code samples of my existing app are below.
Header file for Delegate:
Beginning of Delegate implementation file
iphone cocoa-touch delegates uitabbarcontroller share|improve this question asked Feb 14 '10 at 23:13
1,79322048
Is this the correct place to put this or should it be in a separate .h and .m file? Should I change the delegate to a type UIViewController so I can call ViewDidLoad? no this is your initial load point, not a view controller. Even if you change its type, the view did load method will not be called, the app delegate is not a view controller. It is here you load your initial view controller. UITabbar (according to the doco) "This class is not intended for subclassing." see here. (so no .h and .m file, what would you derive from?) you should not need to subclass, as you will get your viewdidload method for each of the views you put in your tab bar.
share|improve this answer answered Feb 14 '10 at 23:26
11.4k1281162
Thanks Aran, the documentation is clear. I should have found that
Feb 14 '10 at 23:31
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Toronto Maple Leafs vs. Buffalo Sabres - Preview - January 08, 2010 - ESPN
STATS LLCThe Buffalo Sabres snapped their trend of sluggish home starts in record-setting fashion. They also started slowly in four meetings with the Toronto Maple Leafs this season, but those games all ended up as Buffalo victories.The Sabres will try to extend their season-high five-game win streak Friday night with a 10th consecutive victory over the visiting Maple Leafs.Before the opener of a three-game homestand Wednesday night, Buffalo (27-11-4) had been outscored 4-1 and outshot 54-20 in the first period of its previous five at HSBC Arena. The Sabres, though, scored three times in the first 2:11 against Tampa Bay en route to a 5-3 victory.Tyler Myers, Jochen Hecht and Clarke MacArthur gave the Sabres the fastest three-goal start in team history. They also helped Buffalo earn its 15th victory in 21 games and extend an eight-game home point streak (6-0-2)."It was nice to come out the way we did," Myers said. "Especially the way we started some games here in the past, we're starting to figure out we have to play a full 60 minutes if we want to win a hockey game."The Northeast Division leaders are looking for their first six-game win streak since Dec. 12-22, 2007, and their longest point streak at home since a nine-game run from Jan. 17-March 2, 2007.Buffalo could have a good chance to achieve that if it continues its offensive surge. The Sabres scored at least four goals in four of the past five games and at least four in three straight home wins.Tim Connolly has led the way with a seven-game point streak, matching his career best set in January 2001 with the New York Islanders. Connolly, with a team-best 34 points, has five goals and six assists during his run.Derek Roy has helped key the Sabres' four wins over Toronto with a team-best five points in those games. Roy, Connolly and Hecht each had two goals as Buffalo outscored the Leafs 14-6 in those victories.The Sabres were able to win all of the meetings with Toronto even though they only led once after the first period.The Maple Leafs (15-20-9) were outscored 14-7 in going 1-3-0 in their last four, and 35-15 while going 1-7-0 in their last eight on the road. They lost 6-2 at Philadelphia on Wednesday night.Toronto gave up the first four goals and didn't score until 4:14 remained in its third straight road loss. Rookie Jonas Gustavsson set a career high for goals allowed, but coach Ron Wilson pointed his finger in another direction."There's was nothing he could do on any of those goals," Wilson said. "He should sue for non-support (from his defenders)."The choice for Wilson is whether to stick with Gustavsson, who gave up three goals in each of his three starts against the Sabres, or look to Vesa Toskala.Toskala has a 1.99 career goals-against average in Buffalo but was pulled from a 5-2 loss there Dec. 18 after allowing four goals on six shots in the second period.The Sabres will likely start Ryan Miller, who has slumped somewhat after a stellar start. Miller posted a 2.90 GAA over his last six games after recording a 1.89 in his first 30 contests.He recorded a 1.47 GAA in the four wins over the Maple Leafs this season and is 21-7-0 with a 2.20 GAA in his career against Toronto.
Regular Season Matchup TorontoBuffaloW-L-OTL30-38-1445-27-10Home18-17-625-10-6Road12-21-820-17-4Division10-7-712-8-4Conference25-26-1335-22-7Last 104-4-25-5-0Complete StandingsTeam Stat ComparisonTorontoBuffalo2.56Goals Per Game2.823.21Goals Against Per Game2.4532.57Shots on Goal Per Game31.5629.76Shots Against Per Game31.3813.3Penalty Minutes Per Game11.244Power Play Goals5514%Power Play %17.6%73Power Play Goals Allowed3874.7%Penalty Kill %86.6%4Shorthanded Goals47Shorthanded Goals Allowed3Goalie BreakdownToronto
Tim Connolly 48
Derek Roy 69
Craig Rivet 100
Jason Pominville 252

type: global

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4. FACILITIES FOR RECRUITMENT for Malaysia business
Welcome to Scribd, the world's digital library. Read, publish, and share books and documents. See moreDownloadStandard viewFull view of .Look up keyword or sectionLike thisShare on social networks80Activity×Share to your social networks.TweetEmbedTable Of Contents1. APPROVAL OF MANUFACTURING PROJECTS1.1 The Industrial Co-ordination Act 19751.2 Guidelines for Approval of Industrial Projects2. INCORPORATING A COMPANY2.1 Methods of Conducting Business in Malaysia2.2 Procedure for Incorporation2.3 Registration of Foreign Companies3. GUIDELINES ON EQUITY POLICY3.1 Equity Policy in the Manufacturing Sector3.2 Protection of Foreign Investment1. INCENTIVES FORTHE MANUFACTURING SECTOR1.1 Main Incentives for Manufacturing Companies(i) Pioneer Status(ii) InvestmentTax Allowance1.3 Incentives for HighTechnology Companies1.4 Incentives for Strategic Projects1.5 Incentives for Small and Medium-Scale Companies1.6 Incentives to Strengthen Industrial Linkages1.7 Incentives for the Machinery and Equipment Industry1.8 Incentives for Automotive Component Modules or Systems1.9 Incentives for the Utilisation of Oil Palm Biomass(i) New Companies(ii) Existing Companies that Reinvest1.10Additional Incentives for the Manufacturing Sector(i) Reinvestment Allowance(ii) Accelerated Capital Allowance(iv) Accelerated Capital Allowance on Security Control Equipment(v) Incentive for Industrialised Building System(vi) Tax Exemption on theValue of Increased Exports(vii) Group Relief2. INCENTIVES FORTHE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR2.1 Main Incentives for the Agricultural Sector(iii) Incentives for Food Production2.2 Additional Incentives for the Agricultural Sector(iii) Incentives for Modernising Chicken and Duck Rearing(iv) Accelerated Capital Allowance(v) Agricultural Allowance(viii)Tax Exemption on theValue of Increased Exports3. INCENTIVES FORTHE BIOTECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY3.1 Main Incentives for the Biotechnology Industry3.3 Biotechnology Funding for Bionexus Companies4. INCENTIVES FORTHETOURISM INDUSTRY7. INCENTIVES FOR MEDICAL DEVICE INDUSTRY8. INCENTIVES FORTRAINING9. INCENTIVES FOR APPROVED SERVICE PROJECTS14. INCENTIVES FOR MANUFACTURING RELATED SERVICES17. REPRESENTATIVE OFFICES AND REGIONAL OFFICES18. OTHER INCENTIVES1. TAXATION IN MALAYSIA2. SOURCES OF INCOME LIABLETOTAX3. COMPANYTAX4. PERSONAL INCOMETAX4.1 Resident Individual4.2 Non-Resident Individual5. WITHHOLDINGTAX6. REAL PROPERTY GAINTAX8. SERVICETAX9. IMPORT DUTY10. EXCISE DUTY12. DOUBLETAXATION AGREEMENT1. PASSPORT ANDVISA REQUIREMENT2. ENTRY INTO MALAYSIA2.1 Passes Issued at Point of Entry2.2 Passes Issued Upon Arrival3. EMPLOYMENT OF EXPATRIATE PERSONNEL4. APPLYING FOR EXPATRIATE POSTS5. EMPLOYMENT OF FOREIGN WORKERS1. MALAYSIA’S LABOUR FORCE2. MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT2.1 Facilities forTraining in Industrial Skill2.2 Human Resources Development Fund2.3 Management Personnel3. LABOUR COSTS4. FACILITIES FOR RECRUITMENT5. LABOUR STANDARDS5.1 Employment Act 19555.2 The Labour Ordinance, Sabah and the Labour Ordinance, Sarawak5.3 Employees Provident Fund Act 19915.4 Employee’s Social Security Act 19695.5 Workmen’s Compensation Act 19525.6 Occupational Safety and Health Act 19946. INDUSTRIAL RELATION6.1 Trade Unions6.2 Industrial Relations Act 19676.3 Relations in Non Unionised Establishments1. THE BANKING SYSTEM IN MALAYSIA1.1 The Central Bank1.2 Financial Institutions2. EXPORT CREDIT REFINANCING2.1 Eligibility Criteria2.2 Type of Facilities2.3 Method of Financing2.4 Period and Amount of Financing3. THE SECURITIES MARKET IN MALAYSIA3.1 Securities Commission3.2 Bursa Malaysia Berhad4. OFFSHORE FINANCIAL SERVICES4.2 Incentives for Offshore Financial Service5. EXCHANGE CONTROL PRACTICE5.1 Investments and Financial Activities by Non-Residents5.2 Investment and Financial Activities by Residents5.3 Resident Companies Accorded Special Status1. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION1.1 Patents1.3 Industrial Designs1.4 Copyright1.5 Layout Design of Integrated Circuit1.6 Geographical Indications1. POLICY2. ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS2.2 Who Can Conduct EIA Study2.4 Written Permission to Construct2.7 Gaseous Emission and Effluent Standards2.8 Control on Ozone Depleting Substances2.9 Scheduled Wastes Management0 of .Results for: No results containing your search query{{& result_text }}
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Latest News for: tiga (musician)
“Kamu meredup/dan aku/tak hidup” (You dim/and I/no longer live) is a line in “Tiga Pagi” (3 in the Morning), a song featuring musician Nabila Rizky ... For the music, Richard was influenced by a laundry list of musicians, from an early iteration of Indonesian band The Trees and the Wild to Norwegian band Kings of Convenience....
Amit Trivedi. In wine country. There will be wine, and what's left of the winter sun — why would you not go to the SulaFest? The line-up at the 11th edition of the music festival includes Amit Trivedi for Bollywood lovers, electronic-folk band Crystal Fighters, multiple award-winning pioneer of electro-swing, Parov-Stelar, and Indian band Bauchklang ... WHEN ... Where ... Tiga ... Canadian musician Tiga is headlining, and so is Horse Meat Disco....
The film is titled Tiga Dara (Three Girls) ... The film is titled Tiga Dara (Three Girls), first released in 1957 ... Like most of Ismail’s dramatic films, conflict runs as a core engine and Tiga Dara is no different ... Now with the original soundtrack revisited by several musicians — thanks to the music archiving group Irama Nusantara — Tiga Dara has inspired people who truly believe in Indonesia’s history....

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Patent US20030235924 - Optoelectronic and microfluidic integration for miniaturized spectroscopic ... - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsTechniques for integrating optoelectronic system and microfluidic system. An apparatus for optical analysis includes a detector system and a microfluidic system on the detector system. The apparatus is free from any lens system between the microfluidic system and the detector system. Methods of making...http://www.google.com/patents/US20030235924?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US20030235924 - Optoelectronic and microfluidic integration for miniaturized spectroscopic devicesAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS20030235924 A1Publication typeApplicationApplication numberUS 10/351,294Publication dateDec 25, 2003Filing dateJan 23, 2003Priority dateJan 24, 2002Also published asEP1561095A2, US7524459, WO2004063681A2, WO2004063681A3Publication number10351294, 351294, US 2003/0235924 A1, US 2003/235924 A1, US 20030235924 A1, US 20030235924A1, US 2003235924 A1, US 2003235924A1, US-A1-20030235924, US-A1-2003235924, US2003/0235924A1, US2003/235924A1, US20030235924 A1, US20030235924A1, US2003235924 A1, US2003235924A1InventorsMark Adams, Stephen Quake, Axel SchererOriginal AssigneeCalifornia Institute Of Technology, Office Of Technology TransferExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (12), Referenced by (113), Classifications (13), Legal Events (2) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetOptoelectronic and microfluidic integration for miniaturized spectroscopic devices
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0038] The present invention relates generally to optical analysis. More specifically, the invention provides a method and system for integrating optoelectronic systems and microfluidic systems. Merely by way of example, the invention has been applied to absorption spectroscopy and luminescence spectroscopy for microfluidic systems, but it would be recognized that the invention has a much broader range of applicability. [0039] Embodiments in accordance with the present invention provide approaches to reducing the size and complexity of optical systems. By positioning a sample in close proximity to an optical sensor, the embodiments of methods and apparatuses in accordance with the present invention may eliminate the need for focusing optics to be present between the sample and the detector. In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, the sample may be positioned in close proximity (i.e. within a distance of 50� the dimension of the pixel of the detector) to the detector utilizing a microfabricated structure having a recess formed therein for receiving the sample. The microfabricated sample holding structure may be formed from any of a variety of materials substantially transparent to one or more the wavelengths of radiation of interest being applied to the sample, for example elastomer or quartz material. [0040] [0040]FIG. 1 is a simplified diagram for an integrated spectroscopic system according to one embodiment of the present invention. This diagram is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize many variations, alternatives, and modifications. Integrated spectroscopic system 100 includes light source system 110, top filter system 120, microfluidic system 130, bottom filter system 140, and detector system 150. Although the above has been shown using selected systems 110 through 150, there can be many alternatives, modifications, and variations. For example, some of the systems can be expanded and/or combined. Light source system 110 and top filter system 120 may be combined. Bottom filter system 140 and detector system 150 may be combined. Top filter system 120, microfluidic system 130, and bottom filter system 140 may be combined. Other systems may be added to those noted above. Electrical contact system 160 may be added to read out signals generated by detector system 150. Substrate system 170 may be added to support detector system 150. Depending upon the embodiment, some of the systems may be removed. Top filter system 120, bottom filter system 140, or both filter systems 120 and 140 may be removed. [0041] In FIG. 1, light source system 110 provides illumination for spectroscopic analysis performed by integrated spectroscopic system 100. The illumination usually has a bandwidth covering infrared (“IR”) spectral range, visible spectral range, ultraviolet (“UV”) spectral range, or any combination thereof. For example, light source system 110 can provide visible and UV illumination to microfluidic system 130. Light source system 110 has one or several light sources, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2A. Multiple light sources can be used to uniformly illuminate sample areas subject to spectroscopic analysis. Additionally, light source 110 may provide a collimated beam or a non-collimated beam. The collimated beam usually improves the spatial resolution of detector system 150. [0042] According to one embodiment of the present invention, light source system 110 has a tungsten or tungsten-iodine filament lamp which may also include light emitting diodes. In a miniature spectrometer, the appropriate light source depends heavily upon the application and heat dissipation problems. Some convenient alternatives include solid-state light emitting diodes, laser light sources such as laser diodes, white light sources, and even the Sun. For infrared analysis, the source might also be a tungsten filament lamp with a specific color filter placed directly over microfluidic system 130. For many applications of the present invention, an array of vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (“VCSELs”) could be desirable. Alternatively, high finesse optical cavity filters can be defined on top of light emitting diode arrays to obtain filtered light sources, which can be directly placed on top of microfluidic channels, which in turn are placed on top of detector system 150, to create a fully functional on-chip spectrometer. [0043] Top filter system 120 blocks illumination at certain wavelengths from light source system 110. For example, top filter system 120 provides strong reflection or absorption at given wavelengths and thereby significantly reduces light intensity received by microfluidic system 130. Additionally, top filter system 120 can enhance light intensity passing through microfluidic system 130 at certain wavelengths. For example, top filter system 120 can provide strong reflection to light beams at certain wavelengths that have passed through microfluidic system 130 and been reflected off any reflection layer under microfluidic system 130. The reflection layer may be bottom filter system 140. As another example, FIG. 2A shows that top filter system 120 includes a stack mirror. The stack mirror can be made of dielectric materials such as SiO2, Si3N4, or other material such as silicon. The stack mirror may include at least two layers with different indexes of refraction. In some embodiments of the present invention, the Si3N4 layers and the SiO2 layers can be made with a deliberate thickness variation across the top surface of microfluidic system 130 and thereby forms a multiwavelength filter system. FIG. 2B shows a simplified multiwavelength filter system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2B, top filter system 120 selectively transmits light illumination of different wavelengths at different locations and create spectral variations across the top surface of microfluidic system 130. Depending on embodiments, top filter system 120 may be optional. In some examples, top filter system 120 performs both band blocking function and cavity enhancement function. In other examples, top filter system 120 performs only band blocking function or cavity enhancement function. [0044] Microfluidic system 130 contains test samples subject to spectroscopic analysis. Microfluidic system 130 is made of elastomer, glass, quartz, semiconductor including silicon, or other material. Silicon is substantially opaque in visible and UV ranges, so a silicon-based microfluidic system is usually applicable only to infrared spectroscopy according to one embodiment of the present invention. In contrast, elastomer can be transparent in at least a portion of IR, visible and UV spectral ranges; hence an elastomer-based microfluidic system can be analyzed in a wide bandwidth. The specific types of elastomers used include at least PDMS, polyurethane, polyimide, and parylene. PDMS has mechanical flexibility that is highly desirable for microfluidic system 130, and polyurethane provides good biocompatibility and mechanical flexibility. Alternatively, microfluidic system 130 can be made of quartz. Quartz is usually transparent even in short UV spectral range; hence a quartz-based microfluidic system can provide a broad bandwidth for spectroscopic analysis according to yet another embodiment of the present invention. [0045] For example, FIG. 2A shows a simplified microfluidic system 130 having flow channels. The flow channels contain test samples subject to optical analysis. The flow channels can be made of elastomer, glass, quartz, semiconductor including silicon, or other material. According to one embodiment of the present invention, elastomer channels are placed directly on top of bottom filter system 140 or detector system 150. Alternatively, FIG. 2C shows elastomer flow channels encapsulated by sealing membranes. The sealing membranes protect bottom filter system 140 and detector system 150 from contamination by contents within flow channels. Therefore, integrated spectroscopic system 100 may be reused for many microfluidic systems. Through sealing membranes, inlets and outlets exist for flow channels. The inlets and outlets may be on one or several sealing membranes, such as a top membrane, a bottom membrane, or a side membrane. [0046] Bottom filter system 140 can block illumination at certain wavelengths from reaching detector system 150. For example, bottom filter system 140 provides strong reflection or absorption at given wavelengths and thereby significantly reduces light intensity received by detector system 150. Additionally, bottom filter system 140 can enhance light intensity passing through microfluidic system 130 at certain wavelengths. For example, bottom filter system 140 can provide strong reflection to light signals that have passed through microfluidic system 130. FIG. 2A shows a bottom filter system 140 having a dielectric stack mirror. The stack mirror may include at least two layers with different indexes of refraction. In some embodiments of the present invention, bottom filter system 140 is optional. In other embodiments of the present invention, bottom filter system 140 performs both band blocking function and cavity enhancement function as discussed above. In yet other embodiment of the present invention, bottom filter system 140 performs only either band blocking function or cavity enhancement function. [0047] [0047]FIG. 2D is a simplified absorption spectra for bottom filter system 140. This diagram is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize many variations, alternatives, and modifications. [0048] Bottom filter system 140 have Si3N4/SiO2 multilayer Fabry-Perot cavities. The Si3N4 layers are deposited onto respective SiO2 layers. The Si3N4 layers and the SiO2 layers can be made with a deliberate thickness variation across the imaging surface of detector system 150 and therefore create spectral variation as shown in FIG. 2E. Consequently, detector system 150 can obtain a specific wavelength response for each pixel in the imaging array. By pumping the solution of interest over these filtered pixels and observing their response, a spectrum of the absorption or luminescence of a small solution volume can be obtained. [0049] Detector system 150 detects light signals passing through microfluidic system 130. Detector system 150 can have stronger sensitivity at certain wavelengths than other wavelengths. For example, detector system 150 may be tailored to detect signals in IR spectral range, visible spectral range, UV spectral range, or any combination thereof. Detector system 150 may comprise silicon-based avalanche photodiodes, charge coupled devices, CMOS integrated p-n diode sensors (“CMOS imagers”), or other detectors. All of these devices are commercially available at reasonable costs. The charge coupled devices usually have small pixels and are generally sensitive to light signals, but they usually require readout of the entire image information in order to determine intensity information from pixels directly underneath test samples of microfluidic system 130. The avalanche photodiodes usually require larger detection areas and therefore may have only limited imaging resolution. The CMOS imagers offer direct addressing of individual pixels and change of individual pixel integration times, and therefore can provide faster response times and long integration times. As shown in FIG. 2A, detector system 150 may include silicon-based imagers with multiple pixels. [0050] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the highest resolution of detector system 150 is determined by the pixel size on the imaging array and can be less than 10 μm. For example, pixel size may be 8 μm�8 μm, 9 μm�9 μm, 10 μm�10 μm, or other. The sensitivity of the imaging system is in turn dependent on the active area of the pixel, as well as leakage currents in the pixels. For example, the active area of the pixel may be 3 μm�3 μm or others. Other factors determining the performance of an imaging detector array in a spectrometer application are sensitivity and dynamic range. Sensitivity becomes extremely important when examining picoliter volumes with a correspondingly small optical interaction length. [0051] The present invention does not require focusing optics between microfluidic system 130 and detector system 150. For example, the present invention places microfluidic system 130 directly onto detector system 150 with only bottom filter system 140 in between or without any intermediate layer. Microfluidic system 130 is in close proximity to detector system 150. [0052] Detector system 150 may be electrically connected to electrical contact system 160, as shown in FIG. 1. For example, electrical contact system 160 includes readout electronics as shown in FIG. 2A. The readout electronics acquires response signals from detector system 150 and sends such signals for further signal processing. In certain embodiments, detector system 150 may be placed on substrate system 170, as shown in FIG. 1. The substrate system 170 can include a silicon substrate. Substrate system 170 can include signal processing circuitry to analyze response signals transmitted from electrical contact system 160. [0053] [0053]FIG. 3 is a simplified block diagram for a method of making an integrated spectroscopic system according to one embodiment of the present invention. This diagram is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize many variations, alternatives, and modifications. [0054] The method 300 of making an integrated spectroscopic system includes process 310 for providing detector system, process 320 for providing bottom filter system, process 330 for providing microfluidic system 330, process 340 for providing top filter system, process 350 for providing light source system, and possibly others, depending upon the embodiment. Although the above has been shown using a selected sequence of processes, there can be many alternatives, modifications, and variations. For example, some of the processes may be expanded and/or combined. Process 310 for providing detector system and process 320 for providing bottom filter system may be combined. Process 340 for providing top filter system and process 350 for providing light source system may be combined. Depending upon the embodiment, the specific sequence of processes may be interchanged with others replaced. For example, process 320 for providing bottom filter system may be skipped. Similarly, process 340 for providing top filter system may be skipped. Also, both processes 320 and 330 may be skipped. Moreover, sequences of processes 310 through 350 may be changed in various ways. For example, these processes may be performed starting from process 350 through process 310 in reverse order. Alternatively, processes 310 and 320 and processes 340 and 350 may be performed prior to process 330. Also alternatively, processes 320, 330, and 340 may be performed to sandwich a microfluidic system between a bottom filter system and a top filter system prior to processes 310 and 350. Further details of these processes are found throughout the present specification and more particularly below. [0055] [0055]FIG. 4 is a simplified diagram for a method of making an integrated spectroscopic system according to another embodiment of the present invention. This diagram is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize many variations, alternatives, and modifications. [0056] At process 310 for providing detector system, detector system 150 is selected and installed. For example, detector system 150 may be placed on top of substrate system 170 with connection to electrical contact system 160. Detector system 150 may be integrated with substrate system 170, and the integration process may utilize various semiconductor process techniques, such as lithography, deposition, etching, and ion implantation. [0057] At process 320 for providing bottom filter system, bottom filter system 140 is placed on detector system 150. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, bottom filter system 140 includes a dielectric filter. The dielectric filter may include layers of silicon nitride and silicon oxide. These layers may be formed by various techniques, including but not limited to RF plasma sputtering deposition. The plasma sputtering deposition may use a silicon sputtering target, oxygen gas and nitrogen gas, and can produce high quality films with low stress. For certain embodiments of the present invention, process 320 can be skipped. [0058] At process 330 for providing microfluidic system, microfluidic system 130 is placed on detector system 150 with or without bottom filter system 140 in between. According to one embodiment of the present invention, microfluidic system 130 may be fabricated by replication molding of elastomer. Replication molding involves curing an elastomer, typically silicone based, on a microscopic mold. The mold can be generated through bulk or surface micromachining, but is usually generated via photolithography. One method for creating a mold suitable for a microfluidic system includes exposing thick UV sensitive photoresist using high-resolution contact photolithography. The resulting mold pattern is then developed and treated with a delamination agent to prevent adhesion between the mold and the cured elastomer. The elastomer can be cast on top of the mold by either pouring a thick layer, or spinning a thin layer onto the patterned surface. See M. A. Unger, H. Chou, T. Thorsen, A. Scherer, S. Quake, Monolithic Microfabricated Valves and Pumps by Multilayer Soft Lithography, Science 288 (2000) 113-116. This reference is hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. [0059] For example, as shown in FIG. 4, microfluidic system 130 includes flow channels placed in sealing membranes. In some embodiments, both flow channels and sealing membranes are made of PDMS. Nonetheless PDMS for flow channels and PDMS for sealing membranes may have different PDMS ratios. These PDMS materials form a strong interface after curing. With sealing membranes, microfluidic system 130 may be simply placed onto bottom filter system 140 or detector system 150 and form a strong interface. The interface may withstand a force equal to about 3 psi. Alternatively, the flow channels are directly placed onto bottom filter system 140 or detector system 150 without any sealing membrane. The process, for example, includes baking the flow channels and bottom filter system 140 or detector system 150 at 90� C. for a couple of hours and forms an interface that can withstand a force equal to about 30 psi. [0060] As discussed above, using the replication molding technique, many microfluidic devices such as peristaltic pumps, pneumatic valves, circular mixers, and fluorescently activated cell sorters can be made. See H. Chou, C. Spence, A. Scherer, S. Quake, A microfabricated device for sizing and sorting DNA molecules, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96 (1999) 11-13. This reference is hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. To define simple pneumatic valves with picoliter dead volumes, the multilayer replication technique is used, in which a pneumatic layer is aligned onto the fluidic layer. The elastomer between the two layers can be thinner than 10 μm, and can be deflected with low pressures introduced from the pneumatic control source. One or more of these valves can be integrated to define a peristaltic pump, to move solution over detector system 150, which can provide spectroscopic information about the analyte flowing in flow channels. Furthermore, valves and pumps can be combined to define fluidic cell sorters with feedback in which the cell examination time can be dynamically controlled during the sorting process. Since the silicone elastomer usually is natively hydrophobic, the sample can be placed in 0.001 MHCl solution at 80� C. for several minutes to make it hydrophilic, if the natural hydrophobic state is an issue. [0061] At process 340 for providing top filter system, top filter system 120 is placed on microfluidic system 130. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, top filter system 120 includes a dielectric filter. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the dielectric layer includes layers of silicon nitride and silicon oxide. These layers may be formed by various techniques, such as lithography, deposition, etching, and ion implantation. For example, the dielectric filter is formed by room temperature plasma sputtering deposition using a silicon sputtering target, oxygen gas and nitrogen gas. For certain embodiments of the present invention, process 340 is skipped. [0062] At process 350 for providing light source system, light source system 110 is placed above microfluidic system 130. Between microfluidic system 130 and light source system 110, there may be optionally top filter system 120. According to one embodiment of the present invention, light source system 110 makes direct contact with at least one of microfluidic system 130 and top filter system 120. Alternatively, light source system 110 is placed without making direct contact with either microfluidic system 130 or top filter system 120 as shown in FIG. 4. [0063] [0063]FIG. 5A is a simplified diagram for a method of using an integrated spectroscopic system for absorption spectroscopy according to one embodiment of the present invention. This diagram is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize many variations, alternatives, and modifications. [0064] The method 500 of using an integrated spectroscopic system for absorption spectroscopy includes process 510 of loading a test sample into microfluidic system, processes 520 of placing the microfluidic system on a detector system or a bottom filter system, process 530 of selecting and placing a light source system, process 540 of sensing sample signals received at the detector system, process 550 of analyzing detector response signals, and possibly others, depending upon the embodiment. [0065] Although the above has been shown using a selected sequence of processes, there can be many alternatives, modifications, and variations. For example, some of the processes may be expanded and/or combined. Process 530 of selecting and placing a light source system may include selecting and placing a top filter system. Process 550 of analyzing detector response signals may include process 560 of averaging response signals from pixels whose input sample signals have substantially the same wavelength, process 570 of matching individual pixels and wavelengths of their input sample signals, and process 580 of determining sample absorption spectrum, as shown in FIG. 5B. Depending upon the embodiment, the specific sequence of processes may be interchanged with others replaced. Processes 510 through 550 may be modified to acquire response signals resulting from a broadband of sample signals by using a wideband light source system and removing top filter system and bottom filter system. Further details of these processes are found throughout the present specification and more particularly below. [0066] [0066]FIG. 6 is a simplified diagram for a method of using an integrated spectroscopic system for absorption spectroscopy according to another embodiment of the present invention. This diagram is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize many variations, alternatives, and modifications. In FIG. 6, the light source system includes a 588 nm AlInGaP light emitting diode placed above flow channels of the microfluidic system. The detector system includes a CMOS camera chip having a detector array. [0067] For absorption spectroscopy, the absorbance is proportional to the concentration of the absorbing material and the absorption path length as shown below. A=ε�c�l, where: (Equation 1) [0068] A=absorbance [0069] ε=molar absorption constant or molar absorptivity [0070] c=concentration of the absorbing material [0071] l=absorption path length [0072] In some embodiments of the present invention, the size of an elastomer microfluidic channel is on the order of 50-250μm wide by 10-20 μm deep, so the absorption path length l is small. Therefore, the difference in the expected detected intensity of a channel filled with reagent versus a channel filled with water may be small for dilute solutions. Consequently, the higher the sensitivity of the detectors in the sensor array, the greater the concentration range that can be detected. [0073] Additionally, equation 1 shows that the absorbance improves with the absorption path length. The absorption path length can be increased by designing a vertical cavity structure, by for example placing a thin-film, λ/4 dielectric stack mirror tuned to the appropriate wavelength on top of the detector system and also on top of the microfluidic system. The cavity is formed between the two mirrors and allows for multiple passes of the pump light through the solution under test. Example of Absorption Experiment [0074] An absorption experiment was performed using a 10-bit resolution black and white CMOS imager provided by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. This imager has a typical pixel size of 12 μm, a dynamic range larger than 65 dB, and a responsivity larger than 1.3 mV/photon at room temperature. The active imaging area had 512�512 pixels. First, the minimum concentration of dye that can be detected in the integrated spectroscopic system was determined. The absorptivity of various concentrations of bromophenol blue on a calibrated spectrometer was tested with solution filled into 1 cm cuvettes. For example, bromophenol blue is Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc., #62625-28-9, and the calibrated spectrometer is Shimadzu BioSpec 1601 spectrophotometer. The molar absorption constant was then calculated and a curve fit was applied to generate the control data for a 14 μm channel. [0075] Next, a polydimethylsiloxane (“PDMS”) microfluidic chip having eleven 100 μm wide by 14 μm deep channels spaced 100 μm apart was placed on the CMOS imaging chip. The channels were filled with each concentration of interest and one channel was filled with water for background measurements. FIG. 7 shows an image of light transmission through the multi-channel silicone structure observed by the CMOS imager. The illumination source consisted of a Yellow AlInGaP LED with λmax=588 nm and I0=1500 mcd, and was optimized for the absorption peak of bromophenol blue. FIG. 7 is a black and white figure, so it may be difficult to distinguish the difference in the lower concentrations, but the imager can readily distinguish differences down to the sub-micromolar range. The results of the experiment are summarized in FIG. 8A. A similar test was conducted on Orange G, excited with light at 470 nm, as shown in FIG. 8B. Measurements were made by averaging the values from 5 μm long sections of the flow channel. Each of these sections has an approximate volume of 7 nl. The CMOS imager allows for individual sections to be analyzed, so any area which might have imperfections such as air or droplet formations could be selectively removed. From these figures, it is seen that the monolithic CMOS device displays similar performance to the commercial Shimadzu spectrometer system over the conditions tested. [0076] [0076]FIG. 9A is a simplified diagram for a method of using an integrated spectroscopic system for luminescence spectroscopy according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, luminescence spectroscopy includes fluorescence spectroscopy and bio-luminescence spectroscopy. This diagram is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize many variations, alternatives, and modifications. [0077] The method 900 of using an integrated spectroscopic system for luminescence spectroscopy includes process 910 of loading test samples into microfluidic system, processes 920 of placing the microfluidic system on top of a detector system or a bottom filter system, process 930 of selecting and placing a light source system, process 940 of sensing sample signals received at the detector system, process 950 of analyzing detector response signals, and possibly others, depending upon the embodiment. [0078] Although the above has been shown using a selected sequence of processes, there can be many alternatives, modifications, and variations. For example, for fluorescence spectroscopy, at process 920, the microfluidic system is usually placed on top of the bottom filter system. Additionally, some of the processes may be expanded and/or combined. Process 930 of selecting and placing a light source system may include selecting and placing a top filter system. Process 950 of analyzing detector response signals may include process 960 of averaging response signals from pixels whose input sample signals have substantially the same wavelength, process 970 of matching individual pixels and wavelengths of their input sample signals, and process 980 of determining sample luminescence spectrum, as shown in FIG. 9B. Depending upon the embodiment, the specific sequence of processes may be interchanged with others replaced. Processes 910 through 950 may be modified to acquire response signals resulting from a broadband of sample signals, without distinguishing sample's signal spectrum. For active luminescence spectroscopy, process 930 of selecting and placing a light source system may be skipped. Additionally, process processes 910 through 950 may be modified to acquire response signals resulting from a broadband of sample signals by removing bottom filter system. Further details of these processes are found throughout the present specification and more particularly below. [0079] During fluorescence spectroscopy, the sample under test is usually excited with a light source whose wavelength is close, for example within 40-80 nm, to the emitted fluorescent light. Usually, the light pump source is much brighter than the fluorescence signal, especially for experiments involving small numbers of fluorescing dye molecules, such as when performing single cell detection. Without an efficient filter, the pump beam saturates the imager, reducing chance of identifying the fluorescent signal. A blocking filter tuned to the pump wavelength can be placed between the microfluidic device and the imager, and should be substantially transparent at the fluorescent wavelength. The filter can easily be fabricated as a carefully grown dielectric thin-film mirror, as shown in FIG. 10. Such a filter, deposited by reactive sputter deposition of alternate � layers of silicon dioxide and silicon nitride, is transparent at the fluorescent wavelength, and blocks over 99% of the incident pump wavelength. Example of Fluorescence Experiment [0080] For example, an experiment measuring fluorescence spectroscopy was performed on diluted fluorescein dye. In FIG. 10, the bottom filter system and the microscopic system are deposited on the silicon CMOS detector array, so the contact image from this array can be used to differentiate between concentrations of fluorescein. The bottom filter system includes a blocking mirror having multiple dielectric layers. These dielectric layers are made of either silicon oxide or silicon nitride. The thickness of each dielectric layer equals to one quarter of the blocked wavelength in the respective layer. This diagram is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize many variations, alternatives, and modifications. [0081] For example, spectrally resolved fluorescence measurements can be accomplished by slowly varying the spectral position of the reflectivity edge of the dielectric blocking mirror and measuring fluorescence intensities in different sensor pixels protected with filters with different reflectivity edges. Change of spectral position may be accomplished by varying thickness of each dielectric layer at different spatial locations or by rotating the blocking mirror along an axis parallel to the top surface of the detector system. In sum, the requirement for obtaining a high-quality fluorescence image on a miniaturized chip-based spectrometer usually relies on efficient blocking of the incident excitation light by the bottom filter system whose absorption spectrum is shown in FIG. 11A. [0082] [0082]FIG. 11B depicts a sample image acquired with the experiment as shown in FIG. 10. In FIG. 11B, two channels were filled with different concentrations of fluorescein and illuminated with laser light. The channels were 100 μm wide and spaced 100 μm apart. The channel that resides in between the two test channels was filled with water for reference purposes. FIG. 11B illustrates that virtually all of the excitation light was blocked, and only fluorescence light was acquired by the imager. As stated previously, the reader may find it difficult to distinguish a difference between the two channels due to the loss of resolution in conversion of the imager data to picture format; however, the imager is capable of making the distinction. In yet another example, FIG. 11C shows CMOS images of both 5 micron fluorescent and non-fluorescent latex beads under the excitation of 488 nm Ar ion laser. In this example, a blocking filter system was also used on the imager. [0083] Certain embodiments of the present invention has numerous advantages. For example, the imager spectrometer of the present invention can characterize spectra from picoliter volumes and observe a large number of flow channels simultaneously. Additionally, the present invention uses inexpensive and disposable fluidic components, and a very compact, robust and monolithic optical excitation and measurement system. The optical read-out system can remain reusable for many experiments and can sensitively detect diagnostic imaging information on the condition of flow channels. With the appropriate information processing, such an integrated system of the present invention can yield rapid, accurate results in a very short time. This coupled with the flexibility of soft lithography shows potential promises of a spectroscopic laboratory on a chip in which either absorption or luminescence can be measured and intelligent analysis of microscopic fluid volumes can be undertaken. [0084] Additionally, filtered detector arrays used in some embodiments of the present invention can miniaturize spectroscopic instruments in microfluidic applications and provide “lens-less” images of contents in flow channels. Moreover, imager elements based on CMOS technology used in some embodiments of the present invention offer compatibility with other CMOS processes such as VLSI for integrating onboard signal processing. Potential applications of the present invention includes outdoor testing of water quality, fast DNA fluorescence analysis at hospitals, and many others. [0085] Moreover, the present invention can be used with elastomer-based microfluidic system. One advantage of using elastomeric flow channels is the inherent transparency of the elastomer material in the visible wavelength range and similar UV absorption characteristics to those of glass. This property enables the easy integration of elastomer microfluidic devices with standard optoelectronic sources and detectors. Moreover, silicone elastomers are simple to integrate on top of already fully fabricated detector arrays, forming a hermetic seal to the passivation layer of the detector arrays. [0086] It is understood the examples and embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and that various modifications or changes in light thereof will be suggested to persons skilled in the art and are to be included within the spirit and purview of this application and scope of the appended claims. 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GmbhMeasuring arrangement for optically evaluating a chemical reaction quantitatively* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification436/172, 435/288.7, 422/82.09, 422/82.08, 356/435, 356/440International ClassificationB01L3/00, G01N21/64Cooperative ClassificationB01L2300/0654, B01L3/502715, G01N21/6454European ClassificationB01L3/5027B, G01N21/64P2DLegal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionJun 20, 2003ASAssignmentOwner name: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY IN PASADENA, CAFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ADAMS, MARK L.;QUAKE, STEPHEN R.;SCHERER, AXEL;REEL/FRAME:014183/0917;SIGNING DATES FROM 20030525 TO 20030606Sep 26, 2012FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services

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text:
Flip Remote Key Fob Case Shell For Toyota Corolla Celica Rav 4 Yaris With Blade 614823637406 | eBay
See more Flip Remote Key Fob Case Shell for Toyota Coro...
Details about Flip Remote Key Fob Case Shell For Toyota Corolla Celica Rav 4 Yaris With Blade
10 Nov, 2018 08:57:25 GMT
FJ- 2 Buttons Remote Key Fob Case Shell Blade For Toyota Rav4 Corolla Yaris Effi
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2 Button Remote Key Case Shell Blade Fob For TOYOTA YARIS COROLLA CELICA COROLLA
Remote Key Fob Shell Case Blade Cover 2 Button for Toyota Yaris Avensis Corolla
FJ- 2 BUTTONS FLIP FOLDING REMOTE KEY FOB CASE SHELL FOR TOYOTA CAMRY COROLLA HU
253233438436
Last updated on 02 Nov, 2018 06:08:09 GMT View all revisions
Fit for: Toyota Corolla Celica Rav 4 Yaris
UPC: 614823637406 Remote Locking Part Type: Remote Locking Kit
by mrpatrickmccoy 26 Jul, 2018
Too cheaply made to be a reliable key.
All the materials used in this are incredibly fragile. The flipping mechanism stopped working reliably after a week of light use, it would still flip open but about 30%-50% of the time it would just stop half way. I thought I may have damaged the item so I bought a second one and treated it with more care but it was the same result. I decided to experiment with the item at this point and tried 2 rotations of the key during assembly instead of 1. The spring deformed and bent into a useless shape before assembly was complete, I was doing it correctly my first 2 attempts. It was hard to tell this initially; the product came with no instructions and I was following what I could find on Youtube (who all recommend 1 rotation). I understand these items are made cheaply but the spring mechanism inside is just not good enough to make a working product. The plastic groans and clicks when the ignition is turned. I can't imagine how much more quickly this would fail under "main key" usage. I have put my key remote back in the old key and this product is in the bin. The best (and only positive) thing I can say about this product is that it is theoretically functional (although not practically), the key blade was cut without issue (and worked) and the remote transponder distance reached the ignition switch OK, the car started.
by a-dubb 03 Sep, 2018
Spot on! Nice sturdy key blade & case👌🏽
Back to home page | See more details about "Flip Remote Key Fob Case Shell for Toyota Corolla Celi..." Return to top
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Football Names Temporary Captains for 2004-05 - Nc State - Scout
Football Names Temporary Captains for 2004-05Release09/01/2004The NC State football coaching staff has selected temporary team
captains for the 2004-05 season.On the offensive side of the ball,
center Jed Paulsen will act as temporary captain. Roverback Andre Maddox
and linebacker Pat Thomas will be the captains for the defense with
safety Troy Graham representing the special teams.
Permanent captains will be voted on by the squad at the conclusion of
the season. Share on Facebook Share on TwitterTrending on ScoutRELEASE: NC State Hires Takayo SiddleHIGHLIGHTS: Dennis SmithNOTEBOOK: Spring Game Changes For NC StateThe Updated Scout 300 for 2018RAPID FIRE: Darian RoseboroChicago QB Quincy Patterson close to decision Full StoryPack Pride Top StoriesSeniors Will Lead The WayRALEIGH, N.C. -- Dave Doeren's first full recruiting class will be either true seniors or redshirt juniors in 2017, and that is a major reason why there's a lot of optimism around…by Pack Pride StaffPack PrideYesterday at 12:24 PMBreaking NewsCarter Looking For First Big OfferClayton (NC) wide receiver Devin Carter put up big numbers as a junior in 2016 and that has led to interest from a number of colleges, including NC State.by Steve WilliamsPack PrideYesterday at 9:21 AMBreaking NewsRAPID FIRE: Darian RoseboroRALEIGH, N.C. -- NC State junior defensive end Darian Roseboro answers seven rapid-fire questions from Pack Pride.by Pack Pride StaffPack PrideYesterday at 6:46 AMBreaking NewsNOTEBOOK: Spring Game Changes For NC StateRALEIGH, N.C. -- Previously, NC State has used the Kay Yow Spring Game to simulate a live-game situation, but that could change this season.by Pack Pride StaffPack PrideTuesday at 12:56 PMRELEASE: NC State Hires Takayo SiddleRALEIGH, N.C. – NC State has hired Takayo Siddle as an assistant coach for the men’s basketball program, head coach Kevin Keatts announced on Tuesday.by NC State AthleticsPack PrideTuesday at 11:44 AMBreaking NewsHIGHLIGHTS: Dennis SmithNC State's Dennis Smith Jr. has been one of the most dynamic players in the country during his freshman season with the Wolfpack. He can score from anywhere, led the ACC in…by James HendersonPack PrideTuesday at 10:57 AMBreaking NewsSmith Declares For The NBA DraftNC State freshman point guard Dennis Smith just announced his intentions to declare for the 2017 NBA Draft.by James HendersonPack PrideTuesday at 8:16 AMBreaking NewsSteve's Weekly Recruiting TalkIn this new feature from Pack Pride Recruiting Analyst Steve Williams, gives a brief update on NC State football recruiting. Check back each week for this audio feature from Steve…by Steve WilliamsPack PrideTuesday at 7:43 AMBreaking NewsCatching Up With ZoPack Pride recently checked in on former NC State guard Lorenzo Brown, who is currently with the Grand Rapid Drive -- a NBA Developmental League affiliate of the Detroit Pistons.by Rob McLambPack PrideMonday at 12:36 PMBreaking NewsRELEASE: James Johnson Hired As AssistantRALEIGH, N.C. – NC State has hired James Johnson as an assistant coach for the men's basketball program, head coach Kevin Keatts announced on Monday.by James HendersonPack PrideMonday at 11:18 AMBreaking NewsBONUS PHOTOS: CornerbacksRALEIGH, N.C. -- Here are some photos of NC State's cornerbacks from a recent spring practice.by Bryant CarsonPack PrideMonday at 9:33 AMBreaking NewsUPDATE: Pack Pride's Recruiting BlogPack Pride Recruiting Analyst Steve Williams has a recruiting blog on our premium football forum that he regularly updates throughout the year with tidbits of information.by Steve WilliamsPack PrideMonday at 6:05 AMLoad More

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