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Patent US20040053681 - System for electronic game promotion - Google Patents
A printer on a networked gaming device can be controlled by the network to generate awards. The printer can operate as both a typical printer in a gaming device and as a printer for the gaming network, or separate printers can be installed in the gaming device. If the particular player has identified...http://www.google.com/patents/US20040053681?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US20040053681 - System for electronic game promotion
Publication number US20040053681 A1
Application number US 10/308,768
Also published as CA2438004A1, US8348750, US20100056264, US20100130283
Publication number 10308768, 308768, US 2004/0053681 A1, US 2004/053681 A1, US 20040053681 A1, US 20040053681A1, US 2004053681 A1, US 2004053681A1, US-A1-20040053681, US-A1-2004053681, US2004/0053681A1, US2004/053681A1, US20040053681 A1, US20040053681A1, US2004053681 A1, US2004053681A1
Inventors R. Jeffrey Jordan, Scott Boyd
Patent Citations (65), Referenced by (104), Classifications (9), Legal Events (2)
US 20040053681 A1
a gaming network coupled to the gaming device;
an award generator operative on the gaming network, the award generator structured to generate more than one award available for a user of the gaming device;
a selection mechanism structured to accept from the user an indication of a selected one of the available awards; and
a ticket printer coupled to the gaming device and structured to generate printed output based on a signal received from the selection mechanism.
2. The gaming system of claim 1 wherein the award generator is a system award generator.
3. The gaming system of claim 1 wherein the award generator is a bonus award generator.
4. The gaming system of claim 1 wherein the ticket printer is a system ticket printer, the gaming system further comprising a separate game printer controlled by a set of game electronics within the gaming device.
5. The gaming system of claim 4 wherein the system ticket printer is controlled by the gaming network.
6. The gaming system of claim 1 wherein the selection mechanism is a keypad coupled to the gaming device.
7. The gaming system of claim 6 wherein the selection mechanism is a touchscreen.
8. The gaming system of claim 7, wherein the award generator causes the more than one awards to be shown on the touchscreen.
9. The gaming system of claim 1 wherein the award generator causes the more than one awards to be shown on a display screen that is coupled to the gaming device.
10. The gaming system of claim 1 wherein the award comprises a drawing ticket.
11. The gaming system of claim 1 wherein the award comprises a complimentary item.
12. The gaming system of claim 11 wherein the complementary item is food.
13. The gaming system of claim 11 wherein the complementary item is a ticket to a show.
14. The gaming system of claim 11 wherein the complementary item is an accommodation.
15. The gaming system of claim 11 wherein the complementary item is a beverage.
16. The gaming system of claim 1 wherein the award comprises bonus points.
17. The gaming system of claim 1 wherein the award comprises bonus points for a user that is unidentified to the gaming network.
18. The gaming system of claim 1 wherein the award is machine credits awarded in a gaming session that are valid no earlier than a next gaming session.
19. The gaming system of claim 1 wherein the award generator comprises:
a set of static criteria;
a set of variable data; and
a comparator to compare the set of variable data to the set of static data and generate the award when the static criteria are met by the variable data.
20. The gaming system of claim 19 wherein the set of static criteria are pre-defined system parameters.
21. The gaming system of claim 19 wherein the set of static criteria can change over time.
22. The gaming system of claim 19 wherein the set of static criteria comprises the user's historical game data.
23. The gaming system of claim 19 wherein the set of static criteria comprises an average of more than one user's historical game data.
24. The gaming system of claim 19 wherein the set of static criteria comprises the time of day.
25. The gaming system of claim 19 wherein the set of variable data is based on current game play of the user.
26. The gaming system of claim 19 wherein the set of variable data criteria comprises the amount of the user's coin in.
27. The gaming system of claim 19 wherein the set of variable data comprises the user's accumulated bonus points.
a ticket printer coupled to the gaming device and structured to generate printed tickets;
a gaming network coupled to the gaming device, the gaming network structured to monitor game activity;
a second ticket printer coupled to the gaming network;
an awarding system running on the gaming network, the awarding system structured to generate an award for a user; and
a ticket generator coupled to the second ticket printer and structured to signal the second ticket printer to generate the tickets based on signals from the awarding system.
29. The gaming system of claim 28 wherein the gaming network is structured to monitor non-game activity from other than the gaming device.
30. The gaming system of claim 28 wherein the awarding system is structured to generate a system award.
31. The gaming system of claim 28 wherein the awarding system is structured to generate a bonus award.
32. The gaming system of claim 29 wherein the awarding system is structured to generate an award based on the game activity and the non-game activity.
33. The gaming system of claim 29 wherein the non-game activity comprises historical data about the user.
34. The gaming system of claim 28 wherein the awarding system comprises:
a set of conditions that, when met, satisfies requirements for generating a an award; and
a managing process structured to evaluate one or more data sources and, when the set of conditions are met by the one or more data sources, generate the award.
35. The gaming system of claim 28, further comprising a display screen adapted to display one or more award choices to the user.
36. The gaming system of claim 35, wherein the ticket generator is structured to communicate to the second ticket printer an award that was selected by the user from the one or more award choices.
37. The gaming system of claim 28 wherein the second ticket generator is structured to print information.
38. The gaming system of claim 37 wherein the information comprises instructions.
39. The gaming system of claim 37 wherein the information was requested by the user.
40. The gaming system of claim 37 wherein the information comprises rules.
41. A gaming system, comprising:
a gaming network coupled to the gaming device, the gaming network including a player database;
an identification system coupled to the gaming device and to the gaming network, the identification system structured to match a user playing the game to player information stored on the player database;
a ticket reader coupled to the gaming device and structured to read and decode data from a ticket inserted in the ticket reader to identify a particular award; and
a ticket validator coupled to the ticket reader and to the gaming network, the ticket validator structured to grant the particular award to the identified player when the ticket is inserted in the ticket reader and the identified player is authorized to receive such an award.
42. The gaming system of claim 41 wherein the ticket inserted in the ticket reader was previously printed by a ticket printer.
43. The gaming system of claim 41 wherein the award comprises bonus points.
44. The gaming system of claim 41 wherein the award is credited to a player account in the player database.
45. The gaming system of claim 41 wherein the award is credited to the gaming device.
46. The gaming device of claim 41 wherein the identified player is limited in the number of awards that can be credited to the identified player's account.
a gaming network coupled to the gaming device, the gaming network including a modeling parameters database that includes a plurality of ticket triggers;
an award generator operative on the gaming network, the award generator structured to use the plurality of ticket triggers in generating an award available for a user of the gaming device; and
a ticket printer coupled to the gaming device and structured to generate printed output based on a signal received from the award generator.
48. The gaming system of claim 47 wherein the award generator is a system award generator.
49. The gaming system of claim 47 wherein the award generator is a bonus award generator.
50. The gaming system of claim 47 wherein the ticket printer is a system ticket printer, the gaming system further comprising a separate game printer controlled by a set of game electronics within the gaming device.
51. The gaming system of claim 47 wherein the award generator comprises a comparator and is structured to compare a set of present conditions in the gaming network to the plurality of ticket triggers and to generate the award when one of the plurality of ticket triggers is satisfied by one or more of the set of present conditions.
52. The gaming system of claim 51 wherein one of the set present conditions comprises the time of day.
53. The gaming system of claim 51 wherein one of the set present conditions is based on current game play of the user.
54. The gaming system of claim 51 wherein one of the set present conditions comprises the amount of the user's coin in.
55. The gaming system of claim 51 wherein one of the set present conditions comprises the user's accumulated bonus points.
56. The gaming system of claim 47 wherein the plurality of ticket triggers can change over time.
57. The gaming system of claim 56 wherein more triggers can be added to the plurality of ticket triggers.
58. The gaming system of claim 47 wherein one of the plurality of ticket triggers comprises a particular series of game outcomes.
59. The gaming system of claim 47 wherein an individual ticket trigger of the plurality of ticket triggers can have more than one triggering component.
60. The gaming system of claim 59 wherein the award generator is structured to generate the award when any of the triggering components of the individual ticket trigger is satisfied.
61. The gaming system of claim 59 wherein the award generator is structured to generate the award when all of the triggering components of the individual ticket trigger is satisfied.
62. The gaming system of claim 59 wherein at least one component of one of the plurality of ticket triggers comprises the user's historical game data.
63. The gaming system of claim 59 wherein at least one component of one of the plurality of ticket triggers comprises an average of more than one user's historical game data.
64. A gaming system, comprising:
a plurality of gaming devices containing games to be played by users;
a gaming network coupled to the plurality of gaming devices;
an award generator operative on the gaming network and structured to generate an award available for at least one of the users of the gaming device, the award generator including:
a first set of triggers associated with a first group of one or more of the plurality of gaming devices,
a second set of triggers associated with a first group of one or more of the plurality of gaming devices, and
a comparator to compare current data on the gaming network to the first and second sets of triggers; and
a ticket printer coupled to the award generator and structured to generate printed output based on a signal received from the award generator.
65. The gaming system of claim 64 wherein the ticket printer is coupled to one of the plurality of gaming devices.
66. The gaming system of claim 64 wherein none of the plurality of gaming devices is in both the first group of gaming devices and the second group of gaming devices.
67. The gaming system of claim 64 wherein all in the plurality of gaming devices belong to both the first group of gaming devices and the second group of gaming devices.
68. A method for printing tickets at a gaming device that is interconnected by a gaming network to a host computer, the method comprising:
monitoring game play data received from the gaming device;
comparing the play data to a set of predefined award variables;
granting two or more awards when the play data conform to the set of predefined variables;
accepting a user selected one of the awards; and
generating a ticket indicative of the selected award at the gaming device.
69. The method of claim 68, further comprising monitoring non-game play data.
70. The method of claim 69, further comprising comparing the non-game play data to the set of predefined variables.
offering a player of the gaming device a selection of the two or more awards on a video display coupled to the gaming device.
72. The method of claim 71 wherein offering a player a selection of one or more awards comprises:
generating a video signal; and
displaying the video signal on a touchscreen display mounted to the gaming device.
73. The method of claim 68 wherein generating a ticket comprises generating a drawing ticket.
74. The method of claim 68 wherein generating a ticket comprises generating a ticket for a complimentary item.
75. The method of claim 68 wherein generating a ticket comprises generating a ticket for complementary food.
76. The method of claim 68 wherein generating a ticket comprises generating a ticket for complementary accommodation.
77. The method of claim 68 wherein generating a ticket comprises generating a ticket for a complementary beverage.
78. The method of claim 68 wherein generating a ticket comprises generating a ticket for bonus points.
79. The method of claim 68 wherein monitoring non-game play data comprises monitoring historical data of a user of the gaming device.
80. The method of claim 68 wherein the predefined variables change over time.
81. A method for generating an award at a gaming device that is interconnected by a gaming network to a host computer, the method comprising:
loading into an award processor a set of predefined conditions;
accepting data generated by a player using the gaming device;
comparing the data to the set of conditions;
awarding a first award when the data match a first of the set of predefined conditions;
awarding a second award when the data match a second of the set of predefined conditions; and
generating a ticket indicative of either the first or second award.
82. The method of claim 81, further comprising accepting data other than that from the player using the gaming device, and wherein comparing the data to the set of conditions comprises comparing the data generated by the player and the data other than that from the gaming device to the set of conditions.
83. The method of claim 81 wherein generating a ticket comprises generating a ticket at the gaming device.
84. The method of claim 81 wherein the predefined conditions are modifiable.
85. A method for operating a gaming network that includes a database of player data, the method comprising:
accepting a representation of a promotional item from a user who is identified to the computer network;
verifying that the user is eligible to receive the promotional item by inspecting the database of player data; and, if so verified
awarding the promotional item to the user.
86. The method of claim 85 wherein the representation of the promotional item is a ticket.
87. The method of claim 85 wherein accepting a representation of a promotional item comprises accepting a ticket at a validator that is coupled to a gaming device on the gaming network.
88. The method of claim 85 wherein awarding the promotional item comprises awarding a system award.
89. The method of claim 85 wherein awarding the promotional item comprises awarding a bonus award.
90. The method of claim 85 wherein awarding the promotional item comprises crediting bonus points to an account of the identified user.
91. The method of claim 85 wherein awarding the promotional item comprises crediting machine credits to a gaming device.
92. A method of generating an award for a user of a gaming device that is one of a plurality of gaming devices coupled to a gaming network, the method comprising:
assigning a first set of ticket triggering events to a first group of the plurality of gaming devices, the first group including fewer than all in the plurality of gaming devices;
comparing current gaming network data to the first set of ticket triggering events; and
generating a ticket to the user when one of the first set of ticket triggering events is satisfied by the current network gaming data.
93. The method of claim 92, further comprising assigning a second set of ticket triggering events to a second group of the plurality of gaming devices, and wherein generating a ticket comprises generating a ticket to the user when one of the first or second set of ticket triggering events is satisfied by the current network gaming data.
94. The method of claim 93 wherein some of the plurality of gaming devices belong to both the first group and the second group.
This application claims priority from U.S. provisional application No. 60/410,545 filed on Sep. 13, 2002, the contents of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes.
Present gaming networks communicate directly with either an identified or non-idenified player by displaying messages on a video display mounted to the gaming machine itself. The player can input text and answer network-generated questions by using a keyboard that is mounted to the gaming machine near the display, or by making selections on a touchscreen display.
[0012]FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a gaming device including a ticket printer according to embodiments of the invention.
[0013]FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a gaming device including a ticket printer, but having a different player communication system than the gaming device of FIG. 1.
[0014]FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a gaming device including a game ticket printer and a system ticket printer, according to a further embodiment of the invention.
[0015]FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a network of gaming devices including a promotion function according to embodiments of the invention.
[0016]FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram showing processes and functions used in the gaming device of FIGS. 1 and 2.
[0017]FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram showing processes and functions used in the gaming device of FIG. 3.
[0018]FIG. 7 is an example flow diagram showing processes that can be performed by the ticket printer function of FIGS. 4-6.
[0037]FIG. 2 shows a gaming machine 10 having a different player tracking configuration than the gaming machine of FIG. 1. Specifically, the input and display functions of the keypad 44 and display 46 of FIG. 1 are performed by a touchscreen display 52, such as a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). A detailed description of such a touchscreen display 52 is described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/170,238, filed on Jun. 11, 2002, and is incorporated herein by reference for all purposes. As described in the Ser. No. 10/170,238 application, the bonus engine 50 manages the touchscreen display 52, and card reader 40, as well as provides the bonusing and other functions described above.
[0038]FIG. 3 shows yet another variation of the gaming device 10. This variation includes a system printer 54 and speakers 56 mounted to the frame 40 of the player tracking system. The system printer 54 and speakers 56 are also coupled to and managed by the bonus engine 50. The system printer 54 works in conjunction with the game printer 30 in that the system printer 54 prints the awards while the game printer 30 prints the traditional game cashout vouchers. The speakers 56 can be made to produce sounds or music by the bonus engine 50. Although only shown in FIG. 3, the speakers 56 could be present on any of the gaming devices depicted in FIGS. 1, 2, or 3, although they need not be present on all embodiments of the invention.
[0059]FIG. 6 illustrates an embodiment of the invention that includes two printers attached to the gaming device 10—a standard game printer 30 and a system printer 54. As discussed above with reference to FIG. 3, the system printer 54 can be identical to or different from the standard game printer 30.
[0062]FIG. 7 is an example flow diagram illustrating processes that can be used by the promotion server 160 or ticket event generator 72 to cause an award to be generated and an award ticket printed at a gaming device 10. For brevity, functions relating to generating an award will be referred to as occurring on the promotion server 160, although they could be performed on either the promotion server, bonus server 150, bonus engine 50, or elsewhere in the computer network 5. Similarly, printing awards will be referred to as being printed on a system printer 76, although they could also be printed on a game printer 30, either under direct control of the bonus engine 50, or under control of the game electronics 15 after receiving commands and data from the bonus engine.
Specific Game Outcomes Points Earned Lucky
Series of Game Outcomes Win/Loss Per Unit of Time Lucky
Sets of Game Outcomes Visitation Frequency Lucky
Consecutive Game Outcomes Handle Per Unit of Time Electronic
FIGS. 8-13 show examples of tickets representing awards that can be printed at the gaming device 10 using embodiments of the invention. As described above, when the award is granted by the gaming network, codes are generated by the ticket event generator 72 on the bonus engine 50 (or elsewhere on the gaming network 5 ) to cause the game printer 30 (FIG. 5) or the system printer 76 (FIG. 6) to generate the tickets. A record of the generated ticket is stored in the player database 142 and/or elsewhere on the gaming network 5. For instance, the record of the generated ticket may also be stored in the bonus database 152, promotion database 162, and/or on the modeling parameters database 164 (FIG. 4).
US8118669 * Jan 13, 2009 Feb 21, 2012 Igt System and method for providing poker player tracking and bonus events
US8241111 * Jun 17, 2005 Aug 14, 2012 Igt Method and apparatus for awarding a mystery promotional ticket
US20040120002 * Dec 20, 2002 Jun 24, 2004 Transact Technologies Incorporated Interface for voucher and coupon printing
US20100030630 * Feb 20, 2009 Feb 4, 2010 Futurelogic, Inc. Methods and apparatus for a couponing system
Cooperative Classification G07F17/42, G07F17/3248, G07F17/32, G07F17/3255
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ScottsMiracle-Gro Announces Long-term Initiative to Bring Gardens and Green Spaces to Communities
GRO1000 Brings National Partners Together to Enhance Neighborhoods and Encourage Harvest Donations; 100 Grassroots Grant Recipients Named
WASHINGTON, April 14, 2011 /PRNewswire/ -- From the United States Botanic Garden, The Scotts Miracle-Gro Company (NYSE: SMG) today announced a multi-year community outreach initiative, GRO1000, that will result in the creation of at least 1,000 community gardens and green spaces by 2018, the company's 150th anniversary.
"There are benefits that only a garden can provide, and we're honored to help bring some of these benefits to neighborhoods, schools and communities," said Jim Hagedorn, ScottsMiracle-Gro's chairman and chief executive officer. "We're proud to be working with great partners and so many local organizations that want to enhance the environment around them and also help provide for the less fortunate in their communities."
Key to the GRO1000 initiative are partnerships with Keep America Beautiful, the Garden Writers Association, Plant A Row for the Hungry, the National Gardening Association and the Franklin Park Conservatory, who are helping to bring community gardens and green spaces to cities across the United States, Canada and Europe.
"Not only does gardening help promote discovery and imagination, it also encourages a healthier lifestyle by getting kids outside, active, and excited about planting and eating vegetables and fruit," said Eileen Daly from Morning Star School in Tampa. "As the site of the first GRO1000 garden of 2011, we are thrilled to bring important life skills to our children through hands-on learning in the garden." More than 200 children, community members and city officials joined ScottsMiracle-Gro and its partners to install the Morning Star Unity Garden on March 1, to benefit students with learning disabilities and related learning challenges.
In addition to GRO1000 public garden and green space installations, Hagedorn also announced the 100 recipients of 2011 GRO1000 grassroots grants. Earlier this year, a host of local community organizations applied for grants to foster community spirit and public service and to help bring edible gardens, flower gardens and public green spaces to even more communities in the United States. A list of the recipients can be found at www.scottsmiraclegro.com.
An additional focus of the GRO1000 initiative is an emphasis on the importance of harvest donations and the continuous need for fresh food. To help meet this need, a food pantry recipient to receive excess produce from GRO1000 edible gardens is designated.
"If every gardener plants one extra row of vegetables and donates their surplus to local food agencies and soup kitchens, a significant impact can be made in reducing hunger. Our long-time partnership with ScottsMiracle-Gro is about spreading this message. More importantly, it also sets in place a system for bringing surplus harvest to those who need it most," said Carol Ledbetter, program administrator for Plant A Row for the Hungry.
To date in 2011, GRO1000 community gardens have been installed in Tampa, Los Angeles, and Houston. The next installation will take place on May 19 at Gage Park in Chicago, and installations on Long Island, N.Y., Ontario, Canada and Lyon, France will take place later in the year.
"To see neighborhoods and communities come together and celebrate gardening is very powerful," said Su Lok, ScottsMiracle-Gro's director of corporate and community partnerships. "GRO1000 is our commitment to communities and giving back to those in need."

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Amazon.co.uk: Yuval Sarabia Viera "Yuval"'s review of Seasons Board Game
Love it, 27 Feb 2014
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Don't Go - Evil Elvis & The Paper Cuts Song - BBC Music The BBC has updated its cookie policy. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. This includes cookies from third party social media websites if you visit a page which contains embedded content from social media. Such third party cookies may track your use of the BBC website. We and our partners also use cookies to ensure we show you advertising that is relevant to you. If you continue without changing your settings, we'll assume that you are happy to receive all cookies on the BBC website. However, you can change your cookie settings at any time. Continue Change settings Find out more ]]> Accessibility links Skip to content Accessibility Help BBC iD Notifications
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Fix my Windows Store app which fails to launch | C# Programming | Windows 8
Fix my Windows Store app which fails to launch
This project was successfully completed by saykor for €24 EUR in a day.
I made a simple Windows 8 Windows Store app in Visual Studio 2013 based on the Split App template. It's written in C# and it's not complex. Unfortunately Microsoft has rejected it with the following remark:
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Tamargo v. Awingan | Confession (Law) | Conspiracy (Criminal)
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HAROLD V. TAMARGO,
G.R. No. 177727
ROMULO AWINGAN, LLOYD
ANTIPORDA and LICERIO
ANTIPORDA, JR.,
This is a petition for review on certiorari of the November 10, 2006 decision and May
18, 2007 resolution of the Court of Appeals (CA) in CA-G.R. SP No. 93610.
Atty. Franklin V. Tamargo and his eight-year-old daughter, Gail Franzielle, were shot and
killed at around 5:15 p.m. of August 15, 2003 along Nueva Street corner Escolta Street, Binondo,
Manila. The police had no leads on the perpetrators of the crime until a certain Reynaldo Geron
surfaced and executed an affidavit dated September 12, 2003. He stated that a certain Lucio
Columna told him during a drinking spree that Atty. Tamargo was ordered killed by respondent
Lloyd Antiporda and that he (Columna) was one of those who killed Atty. Tamargo. He added that
he told the Tamargo family what he knew and that the sketch of the suspect closely resembled
10/30/14, 8:03 PM
After conducting a preliminary investigation and on the strength of Gerons affidavit, the
issued a resolution dated December 5, 2003 finding probable cause
against Columna and three John Does.
On February 2, 2004, the corresponding Informations for
murder were filed against them in the Regional Trial Court (RTC) of Manila, one assigned to
Branch 27 for the death of Atty. Franklin Tamargo, and the other to Branch 29 for the death of the
minor Gail Franzielle.
Columna was arrested in the province of Cagayan on February 17, 2004
and brought to Manila for detention and trial.
On March 8, 2004, Columna (whose real name was Manuel, Jr.) executed an affidavit
wherein he admitted his participation as look out during the shooting and implicated respondent
Romulo Awingan (alias Mumoy) as the gunman and one Richard Mecate. He also tagged as
masterminds respondent Licerio Antiporda, Jr. and his son, respondent Lloyd Antiporda.
former was the ex-mayor and the latter the mayor of Buguey, Cagayan at that time. When the
killing took place, Licerio Antiporda was in detention for a kidnapping case in which Atty. Tamargo
was acting as private prosecutor.
Pursuant to this affidavit, petitioner Harold V. Tamargo (brother of Atty. Tamargo) filed a
complaint against those implicated by Columna in the Office of the City Prosecutor of Manila.
On April 19, 2004, Columna affirmed his affidavit before the investigating prosecutor
who subjected him to clarificatory questions.
Respondents denied any involvement in the killings.
They alleged that Licerio was a
candidate for mayor in Buguey, Cagayan during the May 2004 elections and that the case was
instituted by his political opponents in order to derail his candidacy. The Antipordas admitted that
Atty. Tamargo was their political rival for the mayoralty post of Buguey. Atty. Tamargo had been
defeated twice by Lloyd and once by Licerio. Before the killing, Atty. Tamargo filed an election
case against Lloyd and a kidnapping case in the Sandiganbayan against Licerio. However, they
claimed that both cases were dismissed as Lloyd emerged as the winner in the elections and Licerio
was acquitted by the Sandiganbayan.
During the preliminary investigation, respondent Licerio presented Columnas unsolicited
handwritten letter dated May 3, 2004 to respondent Lloyd, sent from Columnas jail cell in Manila.
In the letter, Columna disowned the contents of his March 8, 2004 affidavit and narrated how he
had been tortured until he signed the extrajudicial confession. He stated that those he implicated
had no participation in the killings.
Respondent Licerio also submitted an affidavit of Columna
dated May 25, 2004 wherein the latter essentially repeated the statements in his handwritten letter.
Due to the submission of Columnas letter and affidavit, the investigating prosecutor set a
clarificatory hearing, to enable Columna to clarify his contradictory affidavits and his unsolicited
letter. During the hearing held on October 22, 2004, Columna categorically admitted the authorship
and voluntariness of the unsolicited letter. He affirmed the May 25, 2004 affidavit and denied that
any violence had been employed to obtain or extract the affidavit from him.
Thus, on November 10, 2004, the investigating prosecutor recommended the dismissal of the
charges. This was approved by the city prosecutor.
Meanwhile, in another handwritten letter addressed to City Prosecutor Ramon Garcia dated
October 29, 2004, Columna said that he was only forced to withdraw all his statements against
respondents during the October 22, 2004 clarificatory hearing because of the threats to his life
inside the jail. He requested that he be transferred to another detention center.
Aggrieved by the dismissal of the charges, petitioner filed an appeal to the Department of
On May 30, 2005, the DOJ, through then Secretary Raul M. Gonzalez, reversed
the dismissal and ordered the filing of the Informations for murder.
He opined that the March
8, 2004 extrajudicial confession was not effectively impeached by the subsequent recantation and
that there was enough evidence to prove the probable guilt of respondents.
Informations were filed and the cases were consolidated and assigned to the RTC of Manila, Branch
However, on August 12, 2005, Secretary Gonzales granted the Antipordas motion for
reconsideration (MR) and directed the withdrawal of the Informations.
This time, he declared
that the extrajudicial confession of Columna was inadmissible against respondents and that, even if
it was admissible, it was not corroborated by other evidence.
As a result, on August 22, 2005,
the trial prosecutor filed a motion to withdraw the Informations. On October 4, 2005, Secretary
Gonzalez denied petitioners MR.
The RTC, through Judge Cielito Mindaro-Grulla, granted the motion to withdraw the
Informations in an order dated October 26, 2005.
Petitioner filed an MR but the judge
voluntarily inhibited herself without resolving the same. The cases were re-raffled to Branch 19,
presided by Judge Zenaida R. Daguna. Judge Daguna granted the MR of petitioner in a resolution
dated December 9, 2005. She ruled that, based on Columnas March 8, 2004 affidavit which he
affirmed before the investigating prosecutor, there was probable cause to hold the accused for trial.
She denied the MR of the Antipordas in an order dated February 6, 2006.
Consequently, respondent Awingan filed a special civil action for certiorari and prohibition in
the CA docketed as CA-G.R. SP No. 93610. The Antipordas separately filed another certiorari case
docketed as CA-G.R. SP No. 94188.
In a decision dated November 10, 2006 in CA-G.R. SP No. 93610, the CA ruled that the RTC
judge gravely abused her discretion because she arbitrarily left out of her assessment and evaluation
the substantial matters that the DOJ Secretary had fully taken into account in concluding that there
was no probable cause against all the accused. It also held that Columnas extrajudicial confession
was not admissible against the respondents because, aside from the recanted confession, there was
no other piece of evidence presented to establish the existence of the conspiracy. Additionally, the
confession was made only after Columna was arrested and not while the conspirators were engaged
in carrying out the conspiracy.
After this decision was promulgated, CA-G.R. SP No. 93610 was consolidated with CA-G.R.
SP No. 94188. The CA denied reconsideration in a resolution dated May 18, 2007. In a decision
dated August 24, 2007, the CA likewise granted the petition for certiorari of respondents
Antiporda.
Petitioner filed this petition assailing the decision in CA-G.R. SP No. 93610. Later on, he
filed an amended petition impleading respondents Antiporda and likewise assailing the CA decision
in CA-G.R. SP No. 94188. The Court treated this as a supplemental petition.
The main issue for our resolution is whether or not the CA erred in finding that Judge Daguna
had committed grave abuse of discretion in denying the withdrawal of the Informations for murder
Petitioner argues that, based on the independent assessment of Judge Daguna, there was
probable cause based on the earlier affidavit of Columna. She considered all the pieces of evidence
but did not give credit to Columnas recantation.
Respondents counter that Judge Daguna committed grave abuse of discretion by limiting her
evaluation and assessment only to evidence that supported probable cause while completely
disregarding contradicting evidence. They also contend that Columnas extrajudicial confession
was inadmissible against respondents because of the rule on res inter alios acta.
It is settled that, when confronted with a motion to withdraw an Information (on the ground
of lack of probable cause to hold the accused for trial based on a resolution of the DOJ Secretary),
the trial court has the duty to make an independent assessment of the merits of the motion.
may either agree or disagree with the recommendation of the Secretary. Reliance alone on the
resolution of the Secretary would be an abdication of the trial courts duty and jurisdiction to
determine a prima facie case.
The court must itself be convinced that there is indeed no
sufficient evidence against the accused.
We agree with the CA that Judge Daguna limited herself only to the following:
Columnas affidavit dated March 8, 2004 wherein he implicated the respondents in the murders; (2)
his affirmation of this affidavit during the April 19, 2004 clarificatory hearing; (3) his letter dated
October 29, 2004 and (4) the May 30, 2005 DOJ resolution upholding the prosecutors
recommendation to file the murder charges.
She completely ignored other relevant pieces of evidence such as: (1) Columnas May 3,
2004 letter to respondent Lloyd Antiporda narrating the torture he suffered to force him to admit his
participation in the crimes and to implicate the respondents; (2) his May 25, 2004 affidavit where
he stated that neither he nor the respondents had any involvement in the murders and (3) his
testimony during the October 22, 2004 clarificatory hearing wherein he categorically affirmed his
May 3, 2004 letter and May 25, 2004 affidavit.
We declared in Jimenez v. Jimenez
[although] there is no general formula or fixed rule for the determination of probable cause since the
same must be decided in the light of the conditions obtaining in given situations and its existence
depends to a large degree upon the finding or opinion of the judge conducting the examination, such
a finding should not disregard the facts before the judge nor run counter to the clear dictates of
reason. The judge or fiscal, therefore, should not go on with the prosecution in the hope that
some credible evidence might later turn up during trial for this would be a flagrant violation of
a basic right which the courts are created to uphold.
Had Judge Daguna reviewed the entire records of the investigation, she would have seen that,
aside from the pieces of evidence she relied on, there were others which cast doubt on them. We
quote with approval the reflections of the CA on this point:
The selectivity of respondent RTC Judge for purposes of resolving the motion to withdraw the
informations effectively sidetracked the guidelines for an independent assessment and evaluation of
the merits of the case. Respondent RTC Judge thus impaired the substantial rights of the accused.
Instead, she should have made a circumspect evaluation by looking at everything made available to
her at that point of the cases. No less than that was expected and required of her as a judicial officer.
According to Santos v. Orda, Jr., the trial judge may make an independent assessment of the merits of
the case based on the affidavits and counter-affidavits, documents, or evidence appended to the
Information; the records of the public prosecutor which the court may order the latter to produce
before the court; or any evidence already adduced before the court by the accused at the time the
motion is filed by the public prosecutor.
Moreover, Judge Daguna failed to consider that Columnas extrajudicial confession in his
March 8, 2004 affidavit was not admissible as evidence against respondents in view of the rule on
Res inter alios acta alteri nocere non debet. The rule on res inter alios acta provides that the
rights of a party cannot be prejudiced by an act, declaration, or omission of another.
Consequently, an extrajudicial confession is binding only on the confessant, is not admissible
against his or her co-accused
and is considered as hearsay against them.
rule is that:
on a principle of good faith and mutual convenience, a mans own acts are binding upon himself, and
are evidence against him. So are his conduct and declarations. Yet it would not only be rightly
inconvenient, but also manifestly unjust, that a man should be bound by the acts of mere
unauthorized strangers; and if a party ought not to be bound by the acts of strangers, neither ought
An exception to the res inter alios acta rule is an admission made by a conspirator under
Section 30, Rule 130 of the Rules of Court:
Admission by conspirator. The act or declaration of a conspirator relating to the conspiracy
and during its existence, may be given in evidence against the co-conspirator after the conspiracy is
shown by evidence other than such act or declaration.
This rule prescribes that the act or declaration of the conspirator relating to the conspiracy
and during its existence may be given in evidence against co-conspirators provided that the
conspiracy is shown by independent evidence aside from the extrajudicial confession.
order that the admission of a conspirator may be received against his or her co-conspirators, it is
necessary that (a) the conspiracy be first proved by evidence other than the admission itself (b) the
admission relates to the common object and (c) it has been made while the declarant was engaged
Otherwise, it cannot be used against the alleged co-conspirators
without violating their constitutional right to be confronted with the witnesses against them and to
Here, aside from the extrajudicial confession, which was later on recanted, no other piece of
evidence was presented to prove the alleged conspiracy. There was no other prosecution evidence,
direct or circumstantial, which the extrajudicial confession could corroborate. Therefore, the
recanted confession of Columna, which was the sole evidence against respondents, had no
probative value and was inadmissible as evidence against them.
Considering the paucity and inadmissibility of the evidence presented against the
respondents, it would be unfair to hold them for trial. Once it is ascertained that no probable cause
exists to form a sufficient belief as to the guilt of the accused, they should be relieved from the pain
of going through a full blown court case.
When, at the outset, the evidence offered during the
preliminary investigation is nothing more than an uncorroborated extrajudicial confession of an
alleged conspirator, the criminal complaint should not prosper so that the system would be spared
from the unnecessary expense of such useless and expensive litigation.
The rule is all the more
significant here since respondent Licerio Antiporda remains in detention for the murder charges
pursuant to the warrant of arrest issued by Judge Daguna.
Indeed, at that stage of the proceedings, the duty of Judge Daguna was only to satisfy herself
whether there was probable cause or sufficient ground to hold respondents for trial as
co-conspirators. Given that she had no sufficient basis for a finding of probable cause against
respondents, her orders denying the withdrawal of the Informations for murder against them were
Hence, we hold that the CA committed no reversible error in granting the petitions for
certiorari of respondents.
Penned by Associate Justice Lucas P. Bersamin (now Supreme Court Justice) and concurred in by Associate Justices Martin S.
Villarama, Jr. (now Supreme Court Justice) and Monina Arevalo-Zenarosa of the Seventh Division of the Court of Appeals. Rollo,
Id., pp. 63-70.
Id., p. 35. The full text of the September 12, 2003 affidavit read:
About a week before August 15, 2003, I was in the house of Lucio Columna at Battalan, Lasam and there we
drank gin together and stayed with him for several hours since we are close friends. In the course of our conversation we talked
about the chances of Atty. Franklin Tamargo to win his election protest in the election for mayor of Buguey, Cagayan, and I told
him what I heard that Atty. Tamargo was winning in the protest, Lucio Columna immediately said he could bet that Atty. Tamargo
could not sit and assume as mayor even if he wins. Later I learned that Atty. Tamargo was killed last August 15.
Last week, Lucio Columna and I were again together in the morning in our Barangay and he asked me to drink
gin with him, and we continued drinking until about noon time. When he had drunk much, he told me Awanen ni boss mon nga
Tamargon, pinapatay ni Lloyd. Dakami pay ket di ti pimmatay. (Your boss Tamargo is already gone, he was ordered killed by
Lloyd. In fact, we were the ones who killed him). He also said Tamargo ka, Antiporda ak, no kayat mo saan ka nga agusubli diay
Buguey yen ta awan met ni boss mon, agdakua ta ti negosyo ditoyen. (You are for Tamargo and I am for Antiporda; if you want,
do not go back to Buguey anymore since your boss is already gone so that we can be together in business here). I know he is in the
business of selling shabu and marijuana.
I decided to come to Manila to tell the family what I know. I was shown the sketch of the face of suspect and I
can say that the front side closely resembles that of Lucio Columna, and I am executing this freely and willingly to attest to its
truth in court.
Assistant Prosecutor Bernardino R. Camba.
I.S. No. 031-26335. Id., p. 500.
Docketed as Criminal Case Nos. 04-223270 and 04-223271. Id., pp. 72, 236-237, 469.
We reproduce here the full text of the March 8, 2004 affidavit:
Na ako po ay humihingi ng tulong upang ibigay ko ang buong katunayan ng pangyayari sa pagkamatay nila ATTY.
FRANKLIN TAMARGO at ng anak na babae nito habang nakasakay sa kanilang kotse;
Na ang bumaril po ay si ROMULO AWINGAN Aka MUMOY na taga Aparri, Cagayan at ang nagutos ay sila MAYOR
LLOYD ANTIPORDA ng Buguey, Cagayan at ang TATAY niya na si EX-MAYOR LICERIO ANTIPORDA JR. Aka BOY.
Na noong July 20, 2003 habang nagmamaneho ako ng Multicab biyaheng Aparri-Dugo ay pinara ako ni MUMOY
AWINGAN sa Tallungan Aparri at sinabi niya kung gusto kong sumama sa grupo nila. Sabi ko naman ay ihahatid ko lang ang
pasahero ko sa Dugo. Pagkatapos noon ay binalikan ko sila sa Tallungan. Nang magkausap na kami ni MUMOY AWINGAN ay
sinabi niya na may PROJECT sila at si ATTY. FRANKLIN TAMARGO na kalaban ni MAYOR ANTIPORDA sa BUGUEY.
Kung gusto ko raw sumama sa PROJECT na yun. Nang sumagot ako ng OO ay isusurvey lang daw nila ang lugar. Sinabi rin niya
na isasama nila ako kay MAYOR ANTIPORDA;
Na noong August 10, 2003 ay inabangan ako nila MUMOY AWINGAN sa Tallungan, Aparri Cagayan at sinama nila
ako, kasama si RICHARD MECATE at isa pa na hindi ko kilala pero mamumukhaan ko ito kung makikita ko ulit. Pumunta na
kami sa bahay na malaki sa POBLACION ng BUGUEY CAGAYAN. Pagdating [namin] doon ay may lumabas na lalaki na si
MAYOR LLOYD ANTIPORDA at sinabihan ni MUMOY AWINGAN sa kanya ng SIR? ITO ANG MAKAKASAMA NAMIN,
tapos sumagot si Mayor Antiporda ng GOOD at agad tinanong sa akin kung kilala ko si ATTY. TAMARGO at sinagot ko ng OO
naman. Tapos nakita ko na may inabot na sobre kay MUMOY;
Na noong bumalik na kami sa Aparri Cagayan ay kumuha ng pera si MUMOY at inabutan ako ng limang libong piso
(P5,000.00) at sabi sa akin ay ADVANCE LANG yun para makaluwas sa Maynila agad;
Na noong ding araw na iyon ay nagpunta kami ng Maynila kasama sina MUMOY AWINGAN, RICHARD MACATE at
yung hindi ko alam ang pangalan. Bumaba kami bago dumating ng Terminal ng Florida Bus Line;
Na noong August 14, 2003 ay sumakay kami sa isang kotse na minaneho ng isang lalaki at pumunta kami sa Quezon
City Jail at kinausap [namin] si Ex-Mayor Antiporda na nakakulong doon. Sinabi sa amin ni Ex-Mayor na masamang tao si Atty.
Tamargo dahil ipinakulong siya nito na walang kasalanan at dapat lang siya maparusahan. Sinabi pa niya dadagdagan ang bayad
pag natapos ang misyon [namin];
Nang humigit kumulang alas dos ng hapon petsa 15 ng August 2003 ay isinama kami sa isang bahay sa Bago Bantay
Quezon City. Na sinabi na bahay ni Mayor Lloyd Antiporda at doon sa garahe ay may dalawang motorsiklo. Hindi nagtagal ay
umalis din agad kami kasama si Mumoy Awingan, Richard Mecate at yung isa pa na sakay ng dalawang motorsiklo, magkaangkas
sina Mumoy at Richard. Ang nagmamaneho ay si Richard at dalawa naman kami ng lalaki na hindi ko kilala sa isang motorsiklo.
Nagmaneho ang lalaki na angkas ako. Pagdating [namin] sa Escolta, Manila ay bumaba si Mumoy at kami naman ay naghintay sa
isang lugar na malapit sa kinaroroonan nila;
Nang pasado alas singko ng hapon ng petsa ding iyon ay nakita [namin] na palapit si Atty. Tamargo sa kanyang kotse
kaya kami ay pumuwesto sa kabilang [kanto];
Nang nasa loob na si Atty. Tamargo at minamaneho na ang kotse ay nakita kong lumipat na si Mumoy sa may gawing
kaliwa ng kotse kung saan pumasok si Atty. Tamargo at kanya ng pinagbabaril.
Na habang binabaril niya si Atty. Tamargo ay nagsilbing LOOK OUT lang kami at pagkatapos noon ay tumakas na kami
sakay sa dalawang motorsiklo at tumuloy na kami sa sakayan ng bus papuntang Cagayan;
Na nang dumating na kami sa Cagayan sa Dugo Camalaniugan ay bumaba na kami at bago kami naghiwalay ay inabutan
ako ulit ni MUMOY ng limang libong piso;
Na panunumpaan at pipirmahan ko po iyan patunay na lahat ng sinabi ko ay [pawang] katotohanan lamang. (Id., pp.
36-38.)
Id., pp. 323, 436.
Assistant City Prosecutor Venus D. Marzan.
Rollo, p. 472.
Id., pp. 98-99.
The full text of the May 3, 2004 letter read:
SA PAMAMAGITAN NG PAKIUSAP AT PAYO NI RET. CORONEL SEVERINO PURIGAY NA KASAMA KO
NGAYON NA NAKAKULONG SA MANILA CITY JAIL SA QUEZON CITY BLVD. STA. CRUZ, MLA. MINABUTI KONG
SUMULAT SA INYO AT IPARATING ANG AKING PANIG SA KASONG DOUBLE MURDER NA KUNG SAAN KAYO
AT ANG INYONG AMANG SI GINOONG LICERIO ANTIPORDA AY ISINANGKOT SA PAGPATAY SA YUMAONG
ATTY. FRANKLIN TAMARGO.
AKO AY SI MANUEL COLUMNA JR. [29] TAONG GULANG DRIVER, AT NAKATIRA SA BRGY. ZIMINILA
CAMALANIUGAN, CAGAYAN. NAARESTO AKO NOONG FEB. 18, 2004 SA SAPPING, CAMALANIUGAN SA BISA NG
WARRANT NA GALING SA BRANCH 27 NG MANILA RTC. SA KASONG DOUBLE MURDER NA IBINASE SA
SINUMPAANG SALAYSAY NI GERALDO GERON NG LASAM, CAGAYAN NA SIYANG NAGSUMBONG SA AKIN SA
PAMILYA NG MGA TAMARGO DITO SA MANILA ANG PAGSIRA SA AKING PAGKATAO AT KINABUKASAN NG
WITNESS NA ITO. SA [PAMAMAGITAN] NG PAGSISINUNGALING AY DAHIL MARAHIL SA GALIT O INGGIT SA
AKIN. SA BUONG BUHAY KO AY HINDI PA AKO NAGKAROON NG KASO O NAKULONG KAHIT MINSAN KUNDI
NGAYON LANG. BAGO KO ITO ISINULAT AY INAROK KONG MABUTI ANG KONSENSYA AT HINDI KO TALAGA
KAYANG ITULOY ANG MAGSINUNGALING NA GAYA NG GUSTO NILANG MANGYARI AT ITURO KAYO BILANG
MASTERMIND SA PAGPATAY[.] AYAW KONG MAGKASALA SA DIYOS SA PAGTESTIGO SA ISANG
NANIWALA AKO NA MAY DIYOS NA NAKAKAALAM NG KATOTOHANAN AT BUONG KATAPATAN KONG
SABIHIN SA INYO NA NASA LASAM, CAGAYAN, AKO NOONG AUGUST 15, 2003 NA SINASABI NILANG ARAW NG
PAGPATAY KAY ATTY. TAMARGO. NI MINSAN AY HINDI KO PA NAKITA ANG BIKTIMA AT HINDI KO ALAM [ANG]
KANYANG MUKHA HANGGAT HINDI SINABI SA AKIN NG MGA PULIS NA DUMAKIP SA AKIN AY HINDI KO
ALAM KUNG BAKIT DOUBLE MURDER (KUNG SINO PA ANG NAMATAY) AT KUNG SAAN NANGYARI NA
SINABI NILANG SA BINONDO RAW NA HINDI KO PA NARATING NA LUGAR.
MULA NOONG ARAW NA INARESTO AKO AY MARAMING TORTURE ANG DINAANAN KO SA MGA
KAMAY NG MGA TAGA-RSOB NG RECOM NG CAGAYAN AT SA WPD[.] NARANASAN KONG MAISUPOT ANG ULO,
MABUGBOG, AT MAKURYENTE KAYA NAPILITAN AKONG PIRMAHAN ANG MGA PAPELES NA INIHANDA NILA
BUKOD SA PANANAKOT NA I-SALVAGE DAW (AKO) KUNG HINDI AKO MAKIKOOPERA SA KANILA.
HUMIHINGI AKO NG UNAWA SA INYO LALO NAT NALATHALA SA DIARYO ANG PANGALAN NINYO NA
NAKAKASIRA SA [INYO] PERO INTINDIHIN NYO AKO, NA NAUNA NG NASIRA ANG PANGALAN KO AT
KINABUKASAN KO SA KASONG NAKASAMPA NA LABAN SA AKIN.
SANA AY MATUTULUNGAN TAYONG LAHAT PARA MALUTAS ANG KRIMENG NANGYARI[,]
MAPARUSAHAN ANG TOTOONG SALARIN, AT MAKAMITAN NATIN ANG HUSTISYA. (Id, pp. 38-39.)
Id., pp. 75, 239-240. The letter read:
Ako po ay sumulat sa inyo upang humingi ng tulong sa aking kalagayan dito sa loob ng Manila City Jail kung saan ang
akin pong buhay ay nalalagay sa panganib.
Ito po ay dahil sa aking Sinumpaang Salaysay na kung saan ang mga Antiporda ang aking itinuro na nagutos sa
pagpaslang kay Atty. Tamargo.
Noong nakaraang Biyernes ako po ay ipinatawag ni Fiscal Marzan upang patunayan kong muli ang aking naunang
salaysay at ako po ay [nakahanda] upang ang aking salaysay ay muli kong mapatunayan at gusto ko rin pong isiwalat ang ginawa
sa akin ng ibang tao dito sa loob ng piitan nang aking pong tanggihan na pumirma sa inihanda nilang salaysay na pumapabor sa
mga Antiporda at nais ko rin pong ibigay ang aking inihandang salaysay kasama ang Medical Certificate.
Sir, hindi ko po masabi kung ano ang gusto kong sabihin kay Fiscal Marzan dahil noong gabing iyon ako po ay
pinagbantaang papatayin kung muli kong patunayan ang aking salaysay. Kung kaya sa pagdinig ng kaso kay Fiscal Marzan kung
saan ay naroon din sina Mayor Antiporda at kanyang anak ay aking nasabi kung ano ang mga sinabi sa [akin] ng mga Antiporda.
Kaya po sana sir ay mailipat po ako sa ibang piitan dahil baka ako po ay mapatay kung ako ay magsabi ng katotohanan
upang mabigyan ng hustisya ang pagkamatay ni Atty. Tamargo.
Id., pp. 320-338.
Id., pp. 96-104.
Id., pp. 236.
Criminal Case Nos. 05-237561 and 05-237562.
Rollo, pp. 41, 105-107.
Id., pp. 286-314.
Gandarosa v. Flores, G.R. No. 167910, 17 July 2007, 527 SCRA 776, 793.
Summerville General Merchandising & Co., Inc. v. Eugenio, Jr., G.R. No. 163741, 7 August 2007, 529 SCRA 274, 282, citing
Santos v. Orda, Jr., G.R. No. 158236, 1 September 2004, 437 SCRA 504, 516..
Fuentes v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 139618, 11 July 2006, 494 SCRA 478, 485.
Rollo, pp. 72-75.
G.R. No. 158148, 30 June 2005, 462 SCRA 516.
Id., pp. 528-529
This is expressed in Section 28, Rule 130 of the Rules of Court.
SEC. 28. Admission by third party. The rights of a party cannot be prejudiced by an act, declaration, or omission of another,
People v. Vda. De Ramos, 451 Phil. 214 , 224 (2003).
People v. Tizon, Jr., G.R. No. 133228-31, 30 July 2002, 385 SCRA 364, 388, citing People v. Suarez, G.R. No. 111193, 28
January 1997, 267 SCRA 119.
Supra note 33, pp. 224-225.
People v. Morial, 415 Phil. 310, 336 (2001).
People v. Tena, G.R. No. 100909, 21 October 1992, 215 SCRA 43, 48-49, citing Montoya v. Baun, 44 O.G. 4382, cited in
Francisco, The Revised Rules of Court in the Philippines, Vol. VII, Part I, 1990 Edition, p. 349.
People v. Surigawan, G.R. No. 83215, 15 December 1993, 228 SCRA 458, 465, citing People v. Badilla, 48 Phil. 718, 725
(1926) and People v. Ferry, 66 Phil. 310 (1938).
R.R. Paredes v. Calilung, G.R. No. 156055, 5 March 2007, 517 SCRA 369, 395, citing Salonga v. Cruz Pano, G.R. No.
L-59524, 18 February 1985, 134 SCRA 438, 461-462.
Sistoza v. Desierto, 437 Phil. 117, 138 (2002), citing Cabahug v. People, 426 Phil. 490, 510 (2002).
Rollo, p. 441.
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PARTNERS, NEW YORKFree format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:VISIBLE GENETICS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:009199/0762Effective date: 19980430Owner name: HIGHBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL LLC, NEW YORKFree format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:VISIBLE GENETICS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:009199/0762Effective date: 19980430Owner name: HILAL CAPITAL INTERNATIONAL, LTD., NEW YORKFree format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:VISIBLE GENETICS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:009199/0762Effective date: 19980430Owner name: HILAL CAPITAL QP, LP, NEW YORKFree format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:VISIBLE GENETICS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:009199/0762Effective date: 19980430Owner name: HILAL CAPITAL, LP, NEW YORKFree format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:VISIBLE GENETICS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:009199/0762Effective date: 19980430Jul 11, 1997ASAssignmentOwner name: VISIBLE GENETICS, INC., CANADAFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:WATERHOUSE, PAUL;RENFREW, JOHN A.;STEVENS, JOHN K.;REEL/FRAME:008593/0144;SIGNING DATES FROM 19970603 TO 19970703RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services


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Amazon.co.uk: D. Haven "DvdH"'s review of Joseph Anton
Well-written but extremely annoying, 22 Dec 2012
Well-written but extremely annoying
For starters, I am a great fan of Salman Rushdie's books (with the exception of Fury). They have always dragged me into different worlds where in amazing ways a myriad of storylines that seems to constantly diverge in the end harmoniously converge.Therefore, I was also very much interested in what Rushdie had to go through during the years he has been in hiding because of Ayatollah Khomeini's fatwa. This book gives some insight into it and provides a look into Rushdie's private life as well. The most interesting part I found the autobiography of everything that led up to him writing The Satanic Verses.However, in what followed, there was simply too much name dropping: one "brilliant author" hasn't left the story yet and the next "eminent writer" shows up. After 250 pages or so I promised myself that if another literary hero would be mentioned, I'd give up.And I did give up. Not only because of the continual name dropping, but also because of the way in which Rushdie describes his experiences. All the minute details of his life in hiding are just not interesting enough to fill six hundred pages. Worse, it seems that the only way of dealing with the events, no matter how gruesome it must have been to live through them, was to rationalise them to the extreme. Never ever do we hear about what he feels, about the fear that he must have experienced. Instead, he seems to be more concerned about whether Penguin will release the paperback version of the book or not and where to publish his next book.Finally, he seems to have a complete lack of empathy: everyone who does not defend him publicly is a coward and no sympathy can be given to those who have come under attack because of his book, such as bookshopkeepers.This is a well-written book, because Rushdie is simply one of the greatest English authors alive, but the contents make this book hard to get through and eventually simply extremely annoying to read.
Top Reviewer Ranking: 1,353,484


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Kevin Pietersen is still proving a problem for the ex-England head coach | Daily Mail Online
Published: 18:05 EDT, 1 February 2014 | Updated: 18:11 EDT, 1 February 2014
Andy Flower's first job as ex-England coach will be to decide whether to offer Kevin Pietersen an international lifeline. England officials have stressed that Flower's decision to relinquish control of the Test team was not connected to the reported breakdown of his relationship with the controversial 33-year-old batting star, which hit rock bottom during the 5-0 Ashes defeat Down Under.
Insiders maintain the surprise news of the Zimbabwean's departure means no immediate change to the thinking that Pietersen's days in Test cricket are numbered, no matter who replaces Flower.
But, after having named Pietersen in their preliminary 30-man squad for the ICC World Twenty20 in Bangladesh starting next month, the final 15 are expected to be named this week for a pre-tournament one-day international and T20 trip to the West Indies.
Decision: Flower will have a major say in whether England's leading run scorer in T20 cricket is retained
Ashley Giles, who leads England's bid to repeat their 2010 World T20 win, in which Pietersen was named man of the tournament, recently described him as a 'million pound asset' in limited overs cricket.
But the fact that Flower will remain a selector 'for the time being' means he will have a major say in whether England's leading run scorer in T20 cricket is retained.
For various reasons, Pietersen has played little limited overs cricket for England in the past two years. Since playing against Pakistan in the United Arab Emirates in February 2012, Pietersen has featured in just nine of a possible 37 ODIs and none of their last 20 T20s, though he was selected against New Zealand at The Oval last summer that was subsequently abandoned.
Pietersen's absences have occurred through a mixture of injury, rest and temporary retirement, and though he retains appeal as one of the most destructive batsmen in world cricket, England may feel his troublesome knee may reduce his all-round effectiveness.
Giles will expect to have a strong voice on a three-man selection committee led by new national selector James Whittaker. But both will take heed of Flower's judgment and the outcome will send a clear message of intent over their maverick batsman.
Influence: Ashley Giles will take heed of Flower's judgment
It is also clear that some with huge influence within the corridors of power at the ECB want Pietersen out and are determined to avoid the appearance that Flower has become just his latest 'victim' following the former coach, Peter Moores, and captain Andrew Strauss.
Giles, meanwhile, has emerged as the firm favourite to become Flower's full-time successor should new managing director of England cricket Paul Downton decide to fill the proposed unified role of team director for Test and limited overs cricket from within.
Overseas coaches will be considered for the post, with former South Africa batsman Gary Kirsten's success for his home nation and India part of an impressive CV, and New Zealand's Steven Fleming also winning some support.
County coaches Mike Newell of Nottinghamshire and Lancashire's Moores will also be in the frame. But support is growing for Giles to lead a team of recent former stars such as Paul Collingwood and ODI batting coach Graham Thorpe to bring fresh thinking and new dynamism to the challenge of taking England back to the summit of Test, one-day and T20 cricket
Departure: Flower stepped down as England coach on Friday
When, after having led Warwickshire to the 2012 County Championship, Giles was appointed to take over one-day duties from Flower, his appointment was seen as long-term succession planning.
Had Flower helped England to retain the Ashes this winter and then retired, a smooth transition might well have taken place without a second thought.
But results in the recent matches in Australia have not helped Giles's cause, though his work in guiding England to the final of the ICC Champions Trophy in England last summer earned support in high places.
The 2005 Ashes winner is known to have forged a good working relationship with Alastair Cook, who was backed yesterday by ECB chairman Giles Clarke to continue as Test and one-day skipper.
And after Giles was also given the dreaded vote of confidence by ECB chairman Clarke - 'Ashley is a very strong candidate. We all have the highest regard for him as a man and a coach' - a good showing in West Indies and Bangladesh might well be enough to win him the prize.
WHICH OTHER ENGLAND COACHES ARE NOW UNDER THREAT?
Andy Flower's tenure has brought a huge increase in the backroom staff, funded by some of the ECB's £280m TV deal. SAM PETERS looks at the coaches whose positions are most under threat and who could replace them
One of cricket's finest servants, but England's batting has simply not fired under him and their failure to post firstinnings scores in excess of 400 goes to the heart of the current malaise.
Graham Thorpe and Mark Ramprakash head the list, with Aussie batsman Tom Moody also in the frame.
His role in nurturing three 'giant' bowlers - Steve Finn, Chris Tremlett and Boyd Rankin - cannot be underestimated, but his failure to get the best from Finn is a serious black mark against him.
Middlesex's Angus Fraser and Academy fast bowling coach Kevin Shine are well thought of.
Fielding coach Richard Halsall
The Zimbabwean Introduced new drills which took England's fielding to previously unmatched heights. However, the squad's allround fielding has since deteriorated alarmingly.
Paul Collingwood, one of the best fielders England has ever produced, must be the favourite.
Team psychologist Mark Bawden
Credited by several batsmen with helping them when experiencing a slump in form. But if England's mindset is poor, the man responsible for it must take some share of responsibility.
Steve Peters at UK Athletics has a proven track record with highperformance athletes.
The only question for Flower as England start the search for... Flower walks: Coach pays price for Ashes tour of shame as KP...

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Video Exhibit best 30 minutes in Boston - Review of Museum of African American History, Boston, MA - TripAdvisor
Video Exhibit best 30 minutes in Boston - Museum of African American History
“Video Exhibit best 30 minutes in Boston”
Review of Museum of African American History
46 Joy St, Boston, MA 02114-4005 (Beacon Hill)
Ranked #137 of 400 things to do in Boston
Video Exhibit best 30 minutes in Boston
Take your kids. This is well worth a visit. I would say it is eye-opening to see how the existence of slavery was ignored for years even after the American nation was freed from Great Britain. This museum will remind you of a sad chapter in American history.
Ask WestwoodTrekker about Museum of African American History
4 Thank WestwoodTrekker
The museum is housed in a three-story building that was the first public school for the children of freed slaves.
We were there before Memorial Day. After Memorial Day the pace quickens with tours of notable landmarks in a now gentrified area. We were offered map of the area pointing out such features as we were leaving. We were too dumb to ask before. :-) I didn't find the many movie posters of early African-American films of notable interest. There was a sizable lecture room on the third floor that had been utilized for school tours and may be available with lecturers during the summer and perhaps early fall.
I offered that this museum hardly matched the magnificence of the Museum of the Confederacy in Richmond, Virginia. That was something of a surreal experience with a most impressive genial and knowledgeable African-American as a tour guide.
Stillt there was wonderful symbolism of a kind in the Virginia museum a memorial to defeat and the African-American Museum a tribute to glorious triumph and yet a work in progress.
I cannot really do justice to the museum without visiting during the period of guided tours but it might be a treasured visit by tourists.
Ask terryhallinan about Museum of African American History
6 Thank terryhallinan
Franca_A
Worth fitting a visit into your trip!
This is a small but interesting museum that will help shed some light onto the history of African Americans in the Boston area, especially around the time of the country's independance.
The staff are great- friendly and helpful. The gift shop was a bit bland, though the book selection there is interesting.
If you can, make time in your schedule to drop in and see the place. I was impressed enough that I gave double the suggested donation!
Ask Franca_A about Museum of African American History
5 Thank Franca_A
Ask まるん about Museum of African American History
An diesem Ort erfährt man Geschichte!!!
Ask Max M about Museum of African American History
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Magnetic resonance imaging of the active second stage of labour: proof of principle. - PubMed - NCBI
AbstractFormatSummarySummary (text)AbstractAbstract (text)MEDLINEXMLPMID ListApplySend to:Choose DestinationFileClipboardCollectionsE-mailOrderMy BibliographyCitation managerFormatSummary (text)Abstract (text)MEDLINEXMLPMID ListCSVCreate File1 selected item: 22549105FormatSummarySummary (text)AbstractAbstract (text)MEDLINEXMLPMID ListMeSH and Other DataE-mailSubjectAdditional textE-mailDidn't get the message? Find out why...Add to ClipboardAdd to CollectionsOrder articlesAdd to My BibliographyGenerate a file for use with external citation management software.Create File
See comment in PubMed Commons belowEur Radiol. 2012 Sep;22(9):2020-6. doi: 10.1007/s00330-012-2455-9. Epub 2012 May 2.Magnetic resonance imaging of the active second stage of labour: proof of principle.Güttler FV1, Heinrich A, Rump J, de Bucourt M, Schnackenburg B, Bamberg C, Hamm B, Teichgräber UK.Author information1Department of Radiology, Charité University Hospital, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany. felix.guettler@charite.deAbstractOBJECTIVE: To prove that magnetic resonance imaging of foetal anatomy during the active second stage of vaginal delivery is feasible.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Initially, five pregnant volunteers around the 30th week of gestation were examined in an open MRI. Based on the findings, one vaginal delivery was acquired under real-time imaging. To monitor the birth status during image acquisition, an MR-compatible wireless cardiotocography (CTG) system was built. Single-shot sequence parameters were optimised to compensate motion artefacts during labour.RESULTS: Safety requirements to monitor the birth process under real-time MR imaging were met. High-resolution MR images were acquired immediately before and after delivery. In one patient, TSE single-shot cinematic sequences of the active second stage of labour were obtained. All sequences were adapted to tolerate movement of the mother and infant, as well as residual noise from the CTG. Furthermore, the MR imaging during labour showed only minor image artefacts.CONCLUSION: CTG-monitored acquisition of MRI series during the active second stage of delivery is feasible. Image quality should allow various further studies to improve models for birth simulation as well as potential investigation of obstructed labour and obstetric complications.PMID: 22549105 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ShareMeSH TermsMeSH TermsFemaleFetus/anatomy & histology*HumansImage Enhancement/methods*Labor Stage, Second*Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methodsMalePilot ProjectsPregnancyPrenatal Diagnosis/methods*Reproducibility of ResultsSensitivity and SpecificityLinkOut - more resourcesFull Text SourcesSpringerOther Literature SourcesAccess more work from the authors - ResearchGateMedicalPrenatal Testing - MedlinePlus Health InformationPubMed Commons home

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Spooky Bike Ride to Sycamore Pumpkin Festival (Ron) | Meetup
Spooky Bike Ride to Sycamore Pumpkin Festival (Ron)
From Chicagoland Bicycling Group (CBG)
Leroy Oakes Forest Preserve, Dean Street · Saint Charles, IL
Red Aerostar Van
Don't put the bike away for the season just yet! Join us for a ride along the Great Western Trail (http://www.great-trails.com/great-western.shtml) for a visit to the Sycamore Pumpkin Festival (http://www.sycamorepumpkinfestival.com/).
Our ride begins at the Great Western Trailhead in Leroy Oakes Forest Preserve in St Charles. From there, we will ride about 20 miles on the trail to the DeKalb County Courthouse in downtown Sycamore, where thousands of decorated pumpkins will be on display.
We will have lunch in Sycamore, with many food vendors at the Pumpkin Festival as well as a few restaurants to choose from. We will also be in Sycamore in time for the Pumpkin Festival Parade that starts at 1 PM.
The Great Western Trail has a crushed limestone surface, so a bike with wider tires is recommended. We will also ride about 1 mile on roads as we enter the town of Sycamore. Total of about 40 miles for the ride.
Driving directions to get to the start point:Leroy Oakes Forest Preserve is located on Dean Street on the west side of St Charles, about one-half mile west of Randall Road.
The parking lot for the Great Western Trail is located on the left (south) side of the street if you are coming from Randall Road.
Please plan to arrive by 10:00 AM. We will push-off promptly at 10:30 AM.
See all events from Chicagoland Bicycling Group (CBG)

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