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ClassificationH04J3/16A4BLegal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionJul 24, 2001FPExpired due to failure to pay maintenance feeEffective date: 20010518May 20, 2001LAPSLapse for failure to pay maintenance feesDec 12, 2000REMIMaintenance fee reminder mailedOct 31, 1996FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Feb 10, 1992ASAssignmentOwner name: U.S. PHILIPS CORPORATION, NEW YORKFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:DE LA BOURDONNAYE, PHILIPPE;REEL/FRAME:006012/0054Effective date: 19920129RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services

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Patent US8121059 - Wireless non-cellular network - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA communication method includes monitoring a time division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure of a cellular system by a plurality of non-cellular nodes of a non-cellular network by using a common channel of the cellular system, and using the time division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure of...http://www.google.com/patents/US8121059?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US8121059 - Wireless non-cellular networkAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS8121059 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 11/984,286Publication dateFeb 21, 2012Filing dateNov 15, 2007Priority dateDec 15, 2006Also published asCN101601324A, CN101601324B, EP2098015A1, EP2098015A4, US20080144564, WO2008071854A1Publication number11984286, 984286, US 8121059 B2, US 8121059B2, US-B2-8121059, US8121059 B2, US8121059B2InventorsJyri H�m�li�nen, Kari Horneman, Jari HulkkonenOriginal AssigneeNokia CorporationExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (8), Non-Patent Citations (2), Classifications (14), Legal Events (2) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetWireless non-cellular network
US 8121059 B2Abstract
A communication method includes monitoring a time division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure of a cellular system by a plurality of non-cellular nodes of a non-cellular network by using a common channel of the cellular system, and using the time division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure of the cellular system in the non-cellular network for exchanging data between at least some of the plurality of non-cellular nodes.
monitoring a time division multiple access frame structure of a cellular system by a plurality of non-cellular nodes of a non-cellular network by using a common channel of the cellular system;
monitoring occupied time division multiple access frames in the non-cellular network by the plurality of non-cellular nodes;
requesting approval of data transmission by a control message in the non-cellular system from a source non-cellular node to a destination non-cellular node using information from the time division multiple access frame structure of the cellular system; and
using the information from the time division multiple access frame structure of the cellular system in the non-cellular network for directly exchanging data between the plurality of non-cellular nodes only in the non-cellular network.
exchanging control information of a medium access control protocol in a first frequency bandwidth by at least one of the plurality of non-cellular nodes of the non-cellular network; and
transmitting data in a second frequency bandwidth by using a time division multiple access frame structure.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: exchanging control messages between a source non-cellular node and a destination non-cellular node by using a distributed coordination function.
synchronizing with the time division multiple access frame structure of the cellular system via a synchronization channel by the at least part of the plurality of non-cellular nodes of the non-cellular network.
approving the requested one or more time division multiple access frames when the one or more time division multiple access frames are available within the coverage area of the destination non-cellular node; and
transmitting packet data to the destination non-cellular node in the approved one or more time division multiple access frames.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising: transmitting one or more numbers of the requested time division multiple access frames within a request-to-send message from the source non-cellular node to the destination non-cellular node, and approving the requested one or more time division multiple access frames by transmitting a clear-to-send message from the destination non-cellular node to the source non-cellular node.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the clear-to-send message includes the numbers of the time division multiple access frames included in the request-to-send message.
8. The method of claim 6, further comprising: suspending transmitting of the clear-to-send message when the requested time division multiple access frames are occupied within the coverage area of the destination non-cellular node.
9. The method of claim 6, further comprising: retransmitting the request-to-send message from the source non-cellular node to the destination non-cellular node when a clear-to-send message has not been received during a predetermined period of time.
10. The method of claim 6, further comprising: transmitting a new request-to-send message with new time division multiple access frame numbers from the source non-cellular node to the destination non-cellular node when a clear-to-send message has not been received during a predetermined period of time.
11. A wireless non-cellular network, comprising:
a plurality of non-cellular nodes, wherein at least one of the non-cellular nodes comprises
a receiver configured to monitor a time division multiple access frame structure of a cellular system by using a common channel of the cellular system; and
monitor occupied time division multiple access frames in the non-cellular network by the plurality of non-cellular nodes,
request approval of data transmission by a control message in the non-cellular system from a source non-cellular node to a destination non-cellular node using information from the time division multiple access frame structure of the cellular system, and
use the information from the time division multiple access frame structure of the cellular system in the wireless non-cellular network to directly exchange data with at least one of the plurality of non-cellular nodes only in the non-cellular network.
12. The network of claim 11, wherein at least one of the non-cellular nodes further comprises:
a processing unit configured to exchange control information of a medium access control protocol in a first frequency bandwidth with at least one of the plurality of non-cellular nodes of the wireless non-cellular network; and
a transmission unit configured to transmit data in a second frequency bandwidth by using a time division multiple access frame structure.
13. The network of claim 11, wherein at least one of the non-cellular nodes further comprises a processing unit configured to exchange control messages between a source non-cellular node and a destination non-cellular node by using a distributed coordination function.
14. The network of claim 11, wherein at least one of the non-cellular nodes further comprises: a processing unit configured to synchronize with the time division multiple access frame structure of the cellular system via a synchronization channel.
15. The network of claim 11, wherein:
the processing unit is configured to approve the requested one or more time division multiple access frames when the one or more time division multiple access frames are available within the coverage area of the destination non-cellular node; and
a transmission unit configured to transmit packet data to the destination non-cellular node in the approved one or more time division multiple access frames.
16. The network of claim 15, wherein the processing unit is configured to transmit one or more numbers of the requested time division multiple access frames within a request-to-send message from the source non-cellular node to the destination non-cellular node, and the processing unit is configured to approve the requested one or more time division multiple access frames by transmitting a clear-to-send message from the destination non-cellular node to the source non-cellular node.
17. The network of claim 16, wherein the clear-to-send message includes the numbers of the time division multiple access frames included in the request-to-send message.
18. The network of claim 16, wherein the processing unit is configured to suspend transmitting the clear-to-send message when the requested time division multiple access frames are occupied within the coverage area of the destination non-cellular node.
19. The network of claim 16, wherein the processing unit is configured to retransmit the request-to-send message from the source non-cellular node to the destination non-cellular node when a clear-to-send message has not been received during a predetermined period of time.
20. The network of claim 16, wherein the processing unit is configured to transmit a new request-to-send message with new time division multiple access frame numbers from the source non-cellular node to the destination non-cellular node when a clear-to-send message has not been received during a predetermined period of time.
monitor a time division multiple access frame structure of a cellular system by using a common channel of the cellular system,
use the information from the time division multiple access frame structure of the cellular system in a wireless non-cellular network to directly exchange data with at least one of a plurality of non-cellular nodes of the wireless non-cellular network only in the non-cellular network.
the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus at least to
exchange control information of a medium access control protocol in a first frequency bandwidth with at least one of the plurality of non-cellular nodes of the wireless non-cellular network, and
transmit data in a second frequency bandwidth by using a time division multiple access frame structure.
exchange control messages with a destination non-cellular node by using a distributed coordination function.
synchronize to the time division multiple access frame structure of the cellular system via a synchronization channel.
receive an approval of the requested one or more time division multiple access frames from the destination non-cellular node; and
transmit packet data to the destination non-cellular node in the approved one or more time division multiple access frames.
26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus at least to transmit one or more numbers of the requested time division multiple access frames within a request-to-send message to the destination non-cellular node, and to receive the approval of the requested one or more time division multiple access frames by receiving a clear-to-send message from the destination non-cellular node.
27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus at least to retransmit the request-to-send message to the destination non-cellular node when a clear-to-send message has not been received during a predetermined period of time.
28. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus at least to transmit a new request-to-send message with new time division multiple access frame numbers to the destination non-cellular node when a clear-to-send message has not been received during a predetermined period of time.
receive a control message from a source non-cellular node for requesting approval of one or more time division multiple access frames;
transmit an approval of the requested one or more time division multiple access frames to the source non-cellular node when the one or more time division multiple access frames are available within the coverage area of the non-cellular node, and
receive packet data from the source non-cellular node in the approved one or more time division multiple access frames.
30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus at least to receive one or more numbers of the requested time division multiple access frames within a request-to-send message from the source non-cellular node, and to approve the requested one or more time division multiple access frames by transmitting a clear-to-send message to the source non-cellular node.
31. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus at least to suspend transmitting the clear-to-send message when the requested time division multiple access frames are occupied within the coverage area of the non-cellular node.
32. A non-transitory computer-readable program distribution medium encoding a computer program of instructions for executing a computer process in a wireless non-cellular network, the process comprising:
monitoring a time division multiple access frame structure of a cellular system by a plurality of non-cellular nodes of a wireless non-cellular network by using a common channel of the cellular system;
using the information from the time division multiple access frame structure of the cellular system in the wireless non-cellular network for directly exchanging data between the plurality of non-cellular nodes only in the non-cellular network.
33. The non-transitory computer-readable program distribution medium of claim 32, the distribution medium including at least one of the following media: a computer readable medium, a program storage medium, a record medium, a computer readable memory, a computer readable software distribution package, and a computer readable compressed software package.
34. A wireless non-cellular network comprising a plurality of non-cellular nodes, wherein at least one of the non-cellular nodes comprises:
receiving means for monitoring a time division multiple access frame structure of a cellular system by using a common channel of the cellular system;
monitoring means for monitoring occupied time division multiple access frames in the non-cellular network by the plurality of non-cellular nodes;
requesting means for requesting approval of data transmission by a control message in the non-cellular system from a source non-cellular node to a destination non-cellular node using information from the time division multiple access frame structure of the cellular system; and
processing means for using the information from the time division multiple access frame structure of the cellular system in the wireless non-cellular network for directly exchanging data with at least one of the plurality of non-cellular nodes only in the non-cellular network.
35. The network of claim 34, wherein at least one of the non-cellular nodes further comprises:
processing means for exchanging control information of a medium access control protocol in a first frequency bandwidth with at least one of the plurality of non-cellular nodes of the wireless non-cellular network; and
transmitting means for transmitting data in a second frequency bandwidth by using a time division multiple access frame structure.
processing means for using the information from the time division multiple access frame structure of the cellular system in a wireless non-cellular network for directly exchanging data with at least one of a plurality of non-cellular nodes of the wireless non-cellular network only in the non-cellular network.
transmitting means for transmitting data in a second frequency bandwidth by using the time division multiple access frame structure. Description
The invention relates to a wireless non-cellular network, to a method, to a non-cellular node, and to a computer-readable computer distribution medium.
Wireless non-cellular networks, such as mesh networks, provide a new emerging technology with mesh routers and mesh clients. The wireless mesh networks contain low-cost, self-configuring nodes that automatically establish and maintain mesh connectivity. Examples of applications related to wireless mesh networks include: broadband home networking, community and neighborhood networking, enterprise networking, metropolitan area networking, transportation systems, building automation, health and medical systems and security surveillance systems.
Current mesh network systems rely on IEEE802.11 standard. Medium access control (MAC) of 802.11 standard applies carrier a sensing multiple access/distributed coordination function (CSMA/DCF) that is only a fully distributed mature MAC function. FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless mesh network and a hidden node problem. The exemplary mesh network of FIG. 1 comprises mesh access points 100, 101, 102 and 103, hence referred to as mesh nodes. Mesh nodes 100 and 101 of FIG. 1 communicate with coverage/interference areas 200 and 201. Mesh node 102 is in the vicinity of mesh node 101. Packet collisions may appear if mesh nodes 100 and 102 try simultaneous communication 202, 204 with mesh node 101.
In a known method, time synchronization using a global positioning system (GPS) in mesh networks and distributed MAC applying DCF is provided. In DCF, the hidden node problem of FIG. 1 is solved through RTS/CTS (request to send/clear to send) protocol where mesh node 101 first sends an RTS to mesh node 101 that answers with a CTS (when transport medium is free). Then mesh node 102, that is coverage area of 101, can hear the CTS and knows that the medium is becoming busy.
However, it is widely acknowledged that DCF is not a spectrally efficient protocol. Time division multiple access (TDMA) is known to be more efficient access method than CSMA but its implementation in mesh networks is difficult due to various problems. Firstly, time synchronization between mesh nodes is missing. Secondly, a suitable distributed control mechanism should be found.
An object of the invention is to provide an improved method, a wireless non-cellular network, a non-cellular node for a wireless non-cellular network, and a computer-readable program distribution medium.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a method comprising: monitoring a time division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure of a cellular system by a plurality of non-cellular nodes of a non-cellular network by using a common channel of the cellular system; and using the time division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure of the cellular system in the wireless non-cellular network for exchanging data between at least some of the plurality of non-cellular nodes.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a wireless non-cellular network comprising a plurality of non-cellular nodes, wherein at least some of the non-cellular nodes include: a receiver for monitoring a time division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure of a cellular system by using a common channel of the cellular system; and a processing unit for using the time division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure of the cellular system in the wireless non-cellular network for exchanging data with at least some of the plurality of non-cellular nodes.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a non-cellular node for a wireless non-cellular network, the non-cellular node comprising: a receiver for monitoring a time division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure of a cellular system by using a common channel of the cellular system; and a processing unit for using the time division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure of the cellular system in the wireless non-cellular network for exchanging data with one or more of a plurality of non-cellular nodes of the wireless non-cellular network.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a computer-readable program distribution medium encoding a computer program of instructions for executing a computer process in a wireless non-cellular network, the process comprising: monitoring a time division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure of a cellular system by a plurality of non-cellular nodes of a wireless non-cellular network by using a common channel of the cellular system; and using the time division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure of the cellular system in the wireless non-cellular network for exchanging data between at least some of the plurality of non-cellular nodes.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a wireless non-cellular network comprising a plurality of non-cellular nodes, wherein at least some of the non-cellular nodes include: receiving means for monitoring a time division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure of a cellular system by using a common channel of the cellular system; and processing means for using the time division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure of the cellular system in the wireless non-cellular network for exchanging data with at least some of the plurality of non-cellular nodes.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a non-cellular node for a wireless non-cellular network, the non-cellular node comprising: receiving means for monitoring a time division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure of a cellular system by using a common channel of the cellular system; and processing means for using the time division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure of the cellular system in the wireless non-cellular network for exchanging data with one or more of a plurality of non-cellular nodes of the wireless non-cellular network.
Distributed TDMA communication is enabled in a non-cellular network. Spectral efficiency is improved. TDMA frame structure of a cellular system can be adopted to non-cellular communication. Synchronization is enabled also indoors. Packet collisions can be prevented because the mesh nodes near the source and destination have the knowledge of the numbers of the occupied TDMA frames.
FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless mesh network and a hidden node problem;
FIG. 2 illustrates another example of a wireless non-cellular network in which embodiments of the invention may be implemented;
FIG. 3 illustrates a signaling diagram in a wireless mesh network according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 illustrates a signaling diagram in a wireless mesh network according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 illustrates a superframe/access structure for use in a wireless mesh network according to an embodiment of the invention; and
FIG. 6 illustrates a flow diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the invention.
With reference to FIG. 2, let us examine an example of a wireless non-cellular network 200, 201, such as a mesh network, to which embodiments of the invention can be applied. The system comprises a plurality of non-cellular nodes 100 to 103, such as mesh nodes, each communicating data with the nearby non-cellular nodes. Hereafter, the non-cellular nodes are referred to as mesh nodes. Each mesh node 100 to 103 can be connected to several other mesh nodes. The mesh nodes 100 to 103 can be fixed or mobile terminals, for example. Data is communicated in the system via different mesh nodes such that data hops from one mesh node to another until it reaches it is destination. Each mesh node 100 to 103 is required to send data only as far as the next mesh node. Each mesh node 100 to 103 is required to inform it's routing information to every mesh node 100 to 103 it connects with. Different routing algorithms can be used for choosing the best route for communicating data via the mesh nodes.
Each mesh node 100 to 103 comprises a processing unit 140 to 143 to control functions of the devices. The processing unit 140, 141, 142, 143 handles establishment, operation and termination of radio connections in the mesh nodes 100, 101, 102, 103. The processing unit 140, 141, 142, 143 controls reception of information by controlling the processing of reception signals. The processing unit 140, 141, 142, 143 may be implemented by a digital signal processor with suitable software embedded in a computer readable medium, or by separate logic circuits, for example with ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit).
Each of the mesh nodes 100, 101, 102, 103 comprises capability to transmit and receive information signals to one or more other mesh nodes. The mesh nodes 100, 101, 102, 103 comprise antenna units 120, 122, 124, 126 for transmitting and receiving signals. In the example of FIG. 2, the mesh node 103 is within coverage area 200 and the mesh node 102 is within coverage area 201. The mesh nodes 100 and 101 are within an area covering at least part of both coverage areas 200 and 201. The mesh node 100 can communicate with the mesh nodes 102 and 103. Further, the mesh node 101 can communicate with the mesh nodes 100 and 102.
In an embodiment, it is assumed that the mesh nodes 100 to 103 are able to listen to a cellular system 206, such as a GSM (global system for mobile communications) system. However, the communication between the mesh nodes is carried out by another technology. A base station 120 of a cellular system 206 may be a base transceiver station of a mobile communication system, such as UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System). The base station 120 comprises a first communication interface 112 to provide an air interface connection to the mesh nodes 100 to 103. The base station 120 may further comprise a second communication interface 114 to provide a wired connection to the network 118 of a telecommunication system. The base station 120 further comprises a processing unit 116 to control functions of the base station 120. The base station 120 may provide mesh nodes 100 to 103 with information related to transmission parameters the mesh nodes 100 to 103 should use in data transmission. The processing unit 116 may be implemented by a digital signal processor with suitable software embedded in a computer-readable medium, or by separate logic circuits, for example with ASIC.
In an embodiment, at least some of the mesh nodes 100, 101, 102, 103 comprise a cellular receiver 120, 122, 124, 126 for monitoring a time division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure of a cellular system 206 via a common channel of the cellular system, and a processing unit 140, 141, 142, 143 for using the time division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure of the cellular system 206 in the non-cellular network for exchanging data with at least some of the plurality of mesh nodes.
In an embodiment, the cellular system 206 is used by the mesh nodes for taking synchronization/timing information from the TDMA frame structure of the cellular system 206. At least part of the plurality of mesh nodes uses this information for synchronization between the mesh nodes. After the synchronization between the mesh nodes is complete, then any TDMA frame structure can be used for exchanging data between the mesh nodes. Thus, the TDMA frame structure actually used in communication between the mesh nodes does not have to be the same TDMA frame structure that is used in the cellular system.
In an embodiment, control information exchange of MAC protocol between the mesh nodes 100 to 103 is carried out in a certain frequency bandwidth using a modified DCF (distributed coordination function). Data transmission, which may contain some control information, between the mesh nodes 100 to 103 is carried out in another bandwidth by using TDMA (time division multiple access). Further, time synchronization at a frame level as well as superframe structure that are applied in the data transfer between the mesh nodes 100 to 103 may be adopted from the GSM system, for example. Also synchronization with some other cellular system can be used. The solution may operate in a license exempt or regulated band.
In an embodiment, each mesh node 100 to 103 comprises a processing unit 140, 141, 142, 143 for synchronizing with a time division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure of a cellular system via a synchronization channel. The mesh nodes 100 to 103 further comprise a monitoring unit 140, 141, 142, 143 for monitoring occupied TDMA frames in the non-cellular network. The mesh nodes 100, 101, 102, 103 further comprise transmission units 120, 122, 124, 126 for transmitting control messages to other mesh nodes in the non-cellular network. Thus, cellular transmitters are not required in the mesh nodes.
Let us next assume that the mesh node 100 is to transmit data to the mesh node 101. From now on the mesh node 100 is referred to as a source mesh node 100, and the mesh node 101 is referred to as a destination mesh node 101. In an embodiment, the transmission unit 120 of the source mesh node 100 is configured to transmit a control message from the source mesh node 100 to the destination mesh node 102 for requesting approval of one or more TDMA frames.
The processing unit 141 of the source mesh node 101 is configured to approve the requested one or more TDMA frames when the one or more TDMA frames are available within the coverage area 201 of the destination mesh node 101. If the requested TDMA frames are approved, the processing unit of the source mesh node 100 controls transmission of packet data to the destination mesh node 101 in the approved one or more TDMA frames.
In an embodiment, the control messages between the source mesh node 100 and the destination mesh node 101 are exchanged by using a distributed control function (DCF).
In an embodiment, one or more numbers of the requested TDMA frames are transmitted within a request-to-send message from the source mesh node 100 to the destination mesh node 101, and the requested one or more TDMA frames are approved by transmitting a clear-to-send message from the destination mesh node 101 to the source mesh node 100.
In an embodiment, the clear-to-send message includes the numbers of the TDMA frames included in the request-to-send message.
In an embodiment, transmitting of the clear-to-send message is suspended when the requested TDMA frames are occupied within the coverage area 201 of the destination mesh node 101.
In an embodiment, the request-to-send message is retransmitted from the source mesh node 100 to the destination mesh node 101 when a clear-to-send message has not been received during a predetermined period of time.
In an embodiment, a new request-to-send message with new TDMA frame numbers is transmitted from the source mesh node 100 to the destination mesh node 101 when a clear-to-send message has not been received during a predetermined period of time.
In an embodiment, the DFC is modified such that a frame number(s) from a cellular (e.g. GSM) system is included in the request-to-send message (RTS) of the source mesh node 100 to be accepted by the destination mesh node 101 with a clear-to-send message (CTS). If the destination mesh node 101 does not accept the suggested frame number(s), then the destination mesh node 101 does not send the clear-to-send message. This may happen when the suggested frame(s) is already used in other transmissions, e.g. by a nearby mesh node 102 of the destination mesh node 101.
In an embodiment, MAC protocol packet collisions can be prevented since all the mesh nodes near the source mesh node 100 and the destination mesh node 101 know the numbers of occupied TDMA frames. Further, suitable time reference for TDMA is enabled by synchronization with the GSM TDMA frame structure.
FIG. 3 illustrates a signaling diagram in a wireless non-cellular network, such as a mesh network, according to an embodiment of the invention. The mesh node numbering refers to the situation of FIGS. 1 and 2. After synchronization a mesh node 100, 101, 102, 103 can communicate with other mesh nodes 100, 101, 102, 103. Let us assume that the mesh nodes 100 and 101 are synchronized, and a source mesh node 100 wishes to send data to a destination mesh node 101.
In 300, the source mesh node 100 sends a request-to-send message in control frequency to the destination mesh node 101 for requesting approval of one or more TDMA frames. The request-to-send message comprises the proposed TDMA frame numbers. In 302, a mesh node 103 monitors the TDMA frame number information by monitoring the signals. In 304, the mesh node 103 has detected that the proposed TDMA frames may become occupied and, thus avoids using them.
In 306, the destination mesh node 101 has received the request-to-send message and checks if the proposed TDMA frames are available. In 308, the destination mesh node 101 transmits an approval of the requested one or more TDMA frames in the form of a clear-to-send message to the source mesh node 100 when the one or more TDMA frames are available within the coverage area of the destination mesh node 101. In 310, a mesh node 102 monitors the TDMA frame number information by monitoring the signals, and in 312, the mesh node 102 detects the occupied TDMA frames and avoids using them.
When the source mesh node 100 has received the clear-to-send message from the destination mesh node 101, the source mesh node 100 starts transmitting packet data to the destination mesh node 101 in 314.
FIG. 4 illustrates a signaling diagram in a wireless mesh network according to an embodiment of the invention. The mesh node numbering refers to the situation of FIGS. 1 and 2. In the example of FIG. 4, there is conflict where the proposed TDMA frames are already reserved since mesh node 102 is using some or all of the proposed frames for reception/transmission.
As in FIG. 3, also in FIG. 4, after synchronization a mesh node 100, 101, 102, 103 can communicate with other mesh nodes 100, 101, 102, 103. The mesh nodes 100 and 101 are synchronized, and the source mesh node 100 wishes to send data to a destination mesh node 101.
In 400, the destination mesh node 101 monitors TDMA frame information from another mesh node 102 within the coverage area of the destination mesh node 101. The destination mesh node 101 now knows to avoid using the TDMA frames that were included in the monitored information.
In 402, the source mesh node 100 sends a request-to-send message in control frequency to the destination mesh node 101 for requesting approval of one or more TDMA frames. The request-to-send message comprises the proposed TDMA frame numbers. In 404, a mesh node 103 monitors the TDMA frame number information by monitoring the signals. In 406, the mesh node 103 has detected that the proposed TDMA frames may become occupied and, thus avoids using them.
In 408, the destination mesh node 101 has received the request-to-send message from the source mesh node 100 but since the proposed TDMA frames are already reserved by the mesh node 102, the destination mesh node 101 does not send a clear-to-send message to the source node 100.
After a predetermined period of time, the source mesh node 100 retransmits a request-to-send message to the destination mesh node 101 in 410. The request-to-send message may propose the same TDMA frame numbers than in the previous request-to-send message or new TDMA frame numbers. Again, the mesh node 103 monitors the TDMA frame number information by monitoring the signals in 412. In 414, the mesh node 103 has detected that the proposed TDMA frames may become occupied and, thus avoids using them.
In 416, the destination mesh node 101 detects that the proposed TDMA frames are now available, and sends a clear-to-send message to the source mesh node 100 in 418. The mesh node 102 monitors the signaling in 420, and knows to avoid using the proposed TDMA frames. In 314, the source mesh node 100 transmits packet data to the destination mesh node 101 in the accepted TDMA frames.
FIG. 5 illustrates a superframe/access structure for use in a wireless non-cellular network according to an embodiment of the invention. Control information is exchanged in a bandwidth 520 using the modified DCF. Data transmission is carried out in another bandwidth 530 using TDMA. The modified DCF comprises proposed TDMA frame number(s) included in the RTS messages 511 to 514 and approval of the proposed TDMA frame number(s) in the form of the CTS messages 521 to 542. If proposed frames are not in use, then CTS message containing the frame number(s) originally proposed can be sent to the requesting mesh node (source mesh node). Data packet is sent in the agreed TDMA frame(s). If the proposed TDMA frame(s) is in use, then CTS transmission is suspended. After a predetermined period of time, a new RTS message can be transmitted.
Time synchronization at a frame level and a superframe structure may be adopted from the GSM system. The benefit obtained from using a GSM TDMA structure for synchronization is twofold. First, GSM common channels, such as synchronization channels (SCH), usually admit both outdoor and indoor coverage, and more importantly, fixed frame boundaries defined via GSM common channels, such as SCH, are provided. SCH can be transmitted e.g. 5 times (each 10 TDMA frame) during a common channel multiframe. One common channel multiframe comprises 51 TDMA frames, i.e. 235 ms. SCH contains a TDMA frame number as well as a base station identity code (BSIC). While initializing and maintaining the connection to other nodes, a mesh node monitors the GSM TDMA frame structure, e.g. via SCH, in order to find superframe boundaries, denoted by 501 and 502 in FIG. 5. Note that a GSM transmitter is not needed in the mesh nodes. Any multiple of GSM TDMA frame period (4.615 ms) other than the ones used in these examples can be used to define superframe boundaries. The TDMA structure is thus borrowed from another system where it is already available by only listening to the other system.
The length of the TDMA frames within the superframes can be defined according to the underlying cellular system taking into account the accuracy requirements of the synchronization. In an embodiment, one control bandwidth can be assigned with more than one data frequencies.
In an embodiment, the mesh nodes can monitor more than one GSM base station synchronization channel, especially when located in cell border areas. This problem can be overcome by using the base station identity code (BSIC) such that it is decided with which BSIC the synchronization is carried out. A GSM macro base station coverage area is typically kilometers, and thus the mesh nodes are usually located under a certain GSM base station coverage area. Also suitable guard periods between TDMA frames can be used. Further, the lowest frequency variant of GSM can be used if different variants are used in the same area. In case of a conflict in timing between the mesh nodes, a conventional DCF may be used. For that purpose, some data channels may be preserved for DCF usage.
FIG. 6 illustrates a flow diagram of a method according to an embodiment of the invention. The method starts in 600. In 602, a plurality of non-cellular nodes of a wireless non-cellular network monitor a time division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure of a cellular system via a common channel of the cellular system. In 604, occupied TDMA frames in the non-cellular network are monitored by the plurality of non-cellular nodes. In 606, an approval of one or more TDMA frames is requested by a control message from a source non-cellular node to a destination non-cellular node. In 608, the requested one or more TDMA frames are approved when the one or more TDMA frames are available within the coverage area of the destination non-cellular node. In 610, packet data is transmitted to the destination non-cellular node in the approved one or more TDMA frames. The method ends in 612.
The embodiments of the invention may be realized in a non-cellular node entity, comprising a controller. The controller may be configured to perform at least some of the steps described in connection with the flow-chart of FIG. 6 and in connection with FIGS. 3 and 4. The embodiments may be implemented as a computer program comprising instructions for executing a computer process for communicating.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS6108321 *Mar 5, 1997Aug 22, 2000Lucent Technologies Inc.Interference based dynamic channel assignmentUS8031650 *Mar 3, 2004Oct 4, 2011Sipco, LlcSystem and method for monitoring remote devices with a dual-mode wireless communication protocolUS20020080750Mar 22, 2001Jun 27, 2002Belcea John M.Time division protocol for an ad-hoc, peer-to-peer radio network having coordinating channel access to shared parallel data channels with separate reservation channelUS20030235174Jun 24, 2002Dec 25, 2003Nokia CorporationAd hoc networking of terminals aided by a cellular networkUS20050254449Aug 6, 2003Nov 17, 2005Rudiger HalfmannMethod for allocating radio communication resources in a self-organising radio communications systemUS20100074117 *Sep 21, 2009Mar 25, 2010Lei DuMethod for accessing hybrid network, and gateway apparatus, wireless terminal and communication system thereofEP1638265A1Sep 15, 2004Mar 22, 2006Institut Eurecom G.I.E.Process for regulating the traffic of an Adhoc networkWO2001062026A1Feb 14, 2001Aug 23, 2001Harri JokinenHandling connections in a mobile network* Cited by examinerNon-Patent CitationsReference1Chinese first Office Action, dated May 25, 2011.2International Search Report, PCT/FI2007/050692 filed Dec. 14, 2007.Classifications U.S. Classification370/278, 370/252, 370/442, 370/328International ClassificationH04W76/02, H04L12/56, H04W16/14, H04W84/18, H04W72/02, H04J1/16Cooperative ClassificationH04W16/14, H04W72/1231, H04W84/18European ClassificationH04W16/14Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionFeb 13, 2008ASAssignmentOwner name: NOKIA CORPORATION, FINLANDFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HAMALAINEN, JYRI;HORNEMAN, KARI;HULKKONEN, JARI;REEL/FRAME:020538/0031;SIGNING DATES FROM 20080124 TO 20080129Owner name: NOKIA CORPORATION, FINLANDFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HAMALAINEN, JYRI;HORNEMAN, KARI;HULKKONEN, JARI;SIGNING DATES FROM 20080124 TO 20080129;REEL/FRAME:020538/0031May 6, 2015ASAssignmentOwner name: NOKIA TECHNOLOGIES OY, FINLANDFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:NOKIA CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:035603/0543Effective date: 20150116RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services

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sql - SSIS - Performing a Lookup on another Table to get Related Column - Stack Overflow
1 I want to executing a select statement in SSIS, but this select statement takes a parameter from another component, and the column of this select statement must be used as inputs to other components.
select id from myTable where name = (column from a previous component).
And the "id" content of the above select statement should be a column that future components can use.
If i add an "OLE DB Command" component, it allows me to refer to other components as inputs, but I cannot generate an output from it. It seems OLE DB Command component is only used for update/insert statements?
sql sql-server ssis share|improve this question edited Jul 21 '09 at 1:40
asked Jul 20 '09 at 20:31
Is this a data flow or a control flow?
It's data flow .......
Sorry it's late, but example below.
Actually, this is a case for Lookup. It seems you want to do a lookup by name and return id. Pretty simple. Here's how I created an example of this:
Drag a Data Flow Task onto the design surface. Double-click it to switch to it.
Create a Connection Manager for my database
Drag onto the design surface:
A Lookup Transform
An OLE DB Destination Connect the Source to the Lookup to the Destination. It's the "Lookup Match Output" we want going to the destination. See figure 1.
Configure the source. My source table just had id and name columns.
Configure the lookup
General tab: Use an OLE DB Connection
Connection tab: specify the same connection, but use the Lookup table. My lookup table was just id and name, but name was made unique, so it makes better sense as a lookup column.
On the columns tab, configure name to map to name, with "id" as an output. Configure the lookup operation to be "add new column", and name that column "lookupId". See figure 2.
Ignore the other two tabs
Configure the output to take all three columns. See figure 3.
That's all. For each row from the source, the name column will be used to match the name column of the lookup table. Each match will contribute its id column as the new lookupId column. All three columns will proceed to the destination.
share|improve this answer edited Jul 21 '09 at 0:09
Yes. But how do I specify that graphically? there's like a manual way to drag a link from one table to another. and then I have to add columns to the "lookup column" list. Which one is used to identify the column to be matched, and which one is used to output the matching (other) column?
I'll work up an example, but it will take 1/2 hour for all the little screen shots. Do I assume you have one basic flow from a source to a destination, but you need to incorporate the ID column from the MyTable row that matches the Name column of the source? If so, then I'll have example, with a growing number of screen shots in 1/2 hour or so. "Stay tuned!"
@John: Can you point me to syntax as to how I can put images and tables on SO
Jul 21 '09 at 1:19
Just type Control-G in the editor for images. Tables don't work at all. See stackoverflow.com/editing-help for full editing help.
I thought I'll share latest SSIS 2012 Lookup Transformation Tutorial there are also over 200 other SSIS Videos.
share|improve this answer answered Jul 8 '13 at 20:32
user2503827
SSIS Error: insert values list doesn‘t match column list

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Album FeaturesUPC:025218614429Artist:Wes MontgomeryFormat:CDRelease Year:1990Record Label:Original Jazz ClassicsGenre:Guitar, Jazz InstrumentTrack Listing1. Freddie Freeloader2. Lolita3. Blues Riff4. Blues Riff - (Take 8, bonus track)5. Dangerous6. Yesterday's Child7. Moanin'8. Moanin' - (Take 7, bonus track)DetailsPlaying Time:42 min.Contributing Artists:Melvin RhyneProducer:Orrin KeepnewsDistributor:FantasyRecording Type:StudioRecording Mode:StereoSPAR Code:AAD	themusesaustralia
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Wes Montgomery's first recordings for Riverside were in a trio with organist Mel Rhyne and ironically his final albums for the struggling (and soon to be bankrupt) label were with Rhyne again. The brilliant guitarist is in fine form on these appealing tunes with the highlights including 'Freddie the Freeloader,' 'Blues Riff' and 'Moanin.'' As is Yes with most of Montgomery's CD reissues, there are a couple of 'bonus' cuts (alternates of 'Blues Riff' and 'Moanin'') added to bring the playing time up a bit. All of this music is also available as part of Wes Montgomery's 12-CD Riverside box set. ~ Scott Yanow, All Music Guide
1. Freddie Freeloader2. Lolita3. Blues Riff4. Blues Riff Take 8 5. Dangerous6. Yesterdays Child7. Moanin8. Moanin Take 7
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FamilyManPottery
Announcement Neale LaSalle creates ceramic pieces that pay homage to the beauty of DownEast Maine. A unique blend of art and functionality for your family to enjoy.
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Covered Jar in Deep Midnight Blue
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text: Greg Smith PicturesORLANDO, FL - JULY 7: Michael Eric #51 of the Philadelphia 76ers drives against Greg Smith #4 of the Houston Rockets during the game of the 2013 Southwest Airlines Orlando Pro Summer League on July 7, 2013 at Amway Center in Orlando, Florida. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and or using this photograph, user is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. Mandatory Copyright Notice: Copyright 2013 NBAE (Photo by Fernando Medina/NBAE via Getty Images)Greg Smith Photos »24 of 200

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Vols' DC Bob Shoop enters Year 2 with confidence - Tennessee - Scout
Vols' DC Bob Shoop enters Year 2 with confidenceGabriella Santa03/30/2017Follow InsideTennessee all spring for access to practice highlights, interviews and all Team 121 updates. With a year of coaching on Rocky Top under his belt, it’s been a smooth spring season so far in the world of Tennessee defensive coordinator Bob Shoop.
“It’s like everything you do a second time—your experience is the greatest teacher," Shoop said. "I’m not looking around trying to figure out, ‘Am I in the right spot, are we doing the right drill? Is this how coach (Butch Jones) wants things done?’ I kind of have an understanding of it.”
The second-year coordinator’s step-up from last spring to 2017, especially in terms of communication, already stands out to players like Tennessee linebacker Cortez McDowell, who experienced the coach’s first spring as a Vol in 2016. “I know a big difference." McDowell said. "I mean his method, the way he’s communicating with us and how he’s coaching us is a lot different. It’s a lot more teaching—a lot more open communication between us and him, and the other coaches in the room when we have our meetings and stuff. And just seeing how everybody else on the field will see a situation on the field, so we can work it out or communicate it the best way we can.
“He’s way more comfortable than he was his first year here.”
Watch the video above to hear more from Shoop about his personal development from last year to this year, players that stand out to him so far this spring and the strengths of first year coaches Brady Hoke and Charlton Warren.
To hear more from Cortez McDowell, click the video below. McDowell speaks highly of 2017 Vols' linebacker unit
Warren remarks on Vols DBs adapting to his coaching

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BBC Radio 5 live sports extra - Tour de France, 02/07/2013 The BBC has updated its cookie policy. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. This includes cookies from third party social media websites if you visit a page which contains embedded content from social media. Such third party cookies may track your use of the BBC website. We and our partners also use cookies to ensure we show you advertising that is relevant to you. If you continue without changing your settings, we'll assume that you are happy to receive all cookies on the BBC website. However, you can change your cookie settings at any time. Continue Change settings Find out more ]]> Accessibility links Skip to content Accessibility Help BBC iD Notifications
HomeEpisodesClipsPodcastBBC Sport: CyclingTour de France in Yorkshire6 Music goes cycling Sorry, this episode is not currently available on BBC iPlayer Radio 02/07/2013 Tour de France Live cycling coverage of the fourth stage of the Tour de France. Share this page Share this with Digg Facebook Google LinkedIn Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter Copy this link http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b03693r0 Read more about sharing. Add Release date: 2 July 2013 1 hour, 30 minutes Last on Tue 2 Jul 2013 15:00 BBC Radio 5 live sports extra More episodes Previous 01/07/2013 View Programme information Next 03/07/2013 View Programme information See all episodes from Tour de France Clips See all clips from 02/07/2013 Broadcast See all broadcasts of 02/07/2013 (1) You may also like View all Similar programmes By genre: Sport > Cycling HomeProgrammesScheduleCommentariesPodcasts {{/each}}

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Top 10 Hotels Closest to Swan Creek Farm in Jonesville (from $42/night) | Expedia
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Top Hotels Close to Swan Creek Farm
Save Yadkin Valley has the Same Viticulture Stamp as Napa. Canoes and Kayaks!! to your lists
6.2 mi from Swan Creek Farm
"Omegia & Jeff deserve more stars!!!! They really go above and beyond especially for how little they charge for their wonderful “doll house”! Four ladies stayed a weekend and we had plenty of room and we were very comfortable and happy! Omegia had left us a cheese plate, crackers, wines, bagels, cream ..."…""Omegia & Jeff deserve more stars!!!! They really go above and beyond especially for how little they charge for their wonderful “doll house”! Four ladies stayed a weekend and we had plenty of room and we were very comfortable and happy! Omegia had left us a cheese plate, crackers, wines, bagels, cream ..."WWW…"
5.6 mi from Swan Creek Farm
"The jetted tub room with king bed was awesome!! Highly recommend plus the room was very clean."…""The jetted tub room with king bed was awesome!! Highly recommend plus the room was very clean."WWW…"
2.8 mi from Swan Creek Farm
Save Luxury Accommodations in Yadkin Valley Wine Country to your lists
7 mi from Swan Creek Farm
Brilliant place to stay for friends wine tour weekend!
"Clean, welcoming, and comfy for our group of 9 friends who spent the weekend for a wine tour! Highly recommended."…""Clean, welcoming, and comfy for our group of 9 friends who spent the weekend for a wine tour! Highly recommended."WWW…"
5.7 mi from Swan Creek Farm
"Because of the situation and a complete full house the staff was extraordinary."…""Because of the situation and a complete full house the staff was extraordinary."WWW…"
Save Tranquil, Cozy, Quiet Country get Away in a Renovated Barn Space to your lists
1.2 mi from Swan Creek Farm
Save A Authenic Early American Cabin Located on a 85 Acre Farm in NC Foothills to your lists
9 mi from Swan Creek Farm
"We decided to take a long weekend to Elkin area for wine tasting. The cabin was perfect for our girls weekend. It was quiet and quaint. Barbara was a perfect host! Would definitely rent again."…""We decided to take a long weekend to Elkin area for wine tasting. The cabin was perfect for our girls weekend. It was quiet and quaint. Barbara was a perfect host! Would definitely rent again."WWW…"
2.6 mi from Swan Creek Farm
7.3 mi from Swan Creek Farm
"Was clean; nice parking and there’s quite a few things around the area once you’re in town early"…""Was clean; nice parking and there’s quite a few things around the area once you’re in town early"WWW…"
5.8 mi from Swan Creek Farm
See all available properties in Swan Creek Farm
Swan Creek Farm Hotel Guide
Considering swinging by Swan Creek Farm?
While you might not recognize Jonesville, the destination it resides in, it's likely that you are aware of the state capital, Raleigh, 130 miles away.
There are a minimum of 7 hotels for you to stay at that will locate you just 6 miles from Swan Creek Farm. Some good options are the Hampton Inn Jonesville Elkin and Best Western Yadkin Valley Inn & Suites.
If you don't have a bulging wallet, you might opt for one of the area's more economical hotels. The Days Inn Jonesville Elkin NC and the Motel 6 Jonesville NC are a few of the most well-known places.
Other Places to Visit near Swan Creek Farm
There are also plenty of other things happening in the vicinity of Swan Creek Farm:
You can sample local wines at Raffaldini Vineyards and Winery, amble through the vineyard, and if your taste buds agree, you can also buy a few of your favorites to take home with you.
You can sample local wines at Laurel Gray Vinyards, take a stroll through the vineyard, and if you have enjoyed yourself, you can also buy a few bottles of your favorite drop to take home with you.
Dobbins Creek Vineyards has a selection of local wines, so if you like to share a few drinks with friends, this place is right up your alley.
You can enjoy a taste testing session at Windsor Run Cellars, roam through the vineyard, and if you want to share your experience, you can also buy a few of your favorites to take home to your loved ones.
Whether you are an expert on the making of wine or you just love to sip on wine with friends, Shadow Springs Vineyard is the perfect spot to enjoy unique local wines.
What's the area like around Swan Creek Farm?
Swan Creek Farm is located in Hamptonville. If you’re looking for a convenient place to stay, you might search for properties close to public transportation so it’s easy to get around.
What's the best place to stay near Swan Creek Farm?
Americas Best Value Inn Jonesville is one of the top choices for your stay based on our traveler data, and this property offers free WiFi and free parking. It’s located 4.1 mi (6.7 km) from Swan Creek Farm. Other good choices within 5 miles include Rodeway Inn and Welborn Motel.
If I need to cancel the hotel reservation for my stay near Swan Creek Farm, will I receive a refund?
Yes, the majority of room reservations are fully refundable provided that you cancel prior to the hotel’s cancellation deadline, which often is within 24-48 hours of check in. If you booked a non-refundable reservation, you might be able to cancel it and be given a refund within 24 hours of booking. Add your dates and click on “Search”, then use the filter option “free cancellation” to view the best deals near Swan Creek Farm.
Where can I learn more about changing or cancelling my trip in the area near Swan Creek Farm?
To access more information about picking new dates or cancelling your stay near Swan Creek Farm, click here.
Recent reviews of Swan Creek Farm hotels
Because of the situation and a complete full house the staff was extraordinary.…Because of the situation and a complete full house the staff was extraordinary.WW…
A verified traveler from Atlanta GA stayed at Quality Inn Jonesville I-77
Was clean; nice parking and there’s quite a few things around the area once you’re in town early …Was clean; nice parking and there’s quite a few things around the area once you’re in town early WW…
A verified traveler from Mount Vernon NY stayed at Elk Inn
A couples get away…A couples get awayWW…
Was very relaxing and perfect for pur little get away.…Was very relaxing and perfect for pur little get away.WW…
Perfect Holiday Getaway…Perfect Holiday GetawayWW…
The property is extremely cozy and beautifully set overlooking the golf course. The home is spacious enough for a large family and has a very inviting atmosphere. Within a couple of hours, everyone “found their favorite spot” around the living room and dining room. The backyard is amazing and we put the fire pit to good use...every evening! The basement is a great entertainment area where we spent many hours challenging each other at pool. The kitchen has everything you need and more! Overall, we felt like we had been invited to a friend’s home...there are pictures and memorabilia everywhere, making it a very inviting home. The owners are extremely responsive and focused on customer satisfaction. We would definitely rent this home again!…The property is extremely cozy and beautifully set overlooking the golf course. The home is spacious enough for a large family and has a very inviting atmosphere. Within a couple of hours, everyone “found their favorite spot” around the living room and dining room. The backyard is amazing and we put the fire pit to good use...every evening! The basement is a great entertainment area where we spent many hours challenging each other at pool. The kitchen has everything you need and more! Overall, we felt like we had been invited to a friend’s home...there are pictures and memorabilia everywhere, making it a very inviting home. The owners are extremely responsive and focused on customer satisfaction. We would definitely rent this home again!WW…
A verified traveler stayed at Golf Course Front Home
Other Hotels near Swan Creek Farm, Jonesville
North Carolina Private Vineyard Cabin - Winery
Picturesque Elkin 'shady Oaks Farmhouse W/hot Tub
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Patent US6848080 - Language input architecture for converting one text form to another text ... - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA language input architecture converts input strings of phonetic text to an output string of language text. The language input architecture has a search engine, one or more typing models, a language model, and one or more lexicons for different languages. The typing model is configured to generate a...http://www.google.com/patents/US6848080?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6848080 - Language input architecture for converting one text form to another text form with tolerance to spelling, typographical, and conversion errorsAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS6848080 B1Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 09/606,660Publication dateJan 25, 2005Filing dateJun 28, 2000Priority dateNov 5, 1999Fee statusPaidAlso published asCN1205572C, CN1387650A, US7302640, US7424675, US20050044495, US20050086590, WO2001035250A2, WO2001035250A3Publication number09606660, 606660, US 6848080 B1, US 6848080B1, US-B1-6848080, US6848080 B1, US6848080B1InventorsKai-Fu Lee, Zheng Chen, Jian HanOriginal AssigneeMicrosoft CorporationExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (16), Non-Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (66), Classifications (16), Legal Events (3) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetLanguage input architecture for converting one text form to another text form with tolerance to spelling, typographical, and conversion errors
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text:
Ben Darwin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(1976-10-17) October 17, 1976 (age 39)
^ "2001 Australian Wallabies squad - British & Irish Lions Tour". rugby.com.au. Australian Rugby Union. Retrieved 17 June 2014. ^ "Norths Appoint Ben Darwin". ARU. Australian Rugby Union. 4 November 2004. Retrieved 21 April 2010. ^ "Injury forces Ben Darwin to retire from rugby". ARU. Australian Rugby Union. Retrieved 20 April 2010. ^ "Norths Appoint Ben Darwin". ARU. Australian Rugby Union. 4 November 2004. Retrieved 21 April 2010. ^ "World Cup Wallaby Ben Darwin named Assistant Coach". ARU. Australian Rugby Union. 5 April 2005. Retrieved 21 April 2010. ^ "Former Wallaby prop Ben Darwin questions penalties awarded against Al Baxter". foxsports.com.au. Retrieved 20 April 2010. ^ "Final: Japan Rugby Top League Promotion & Relegation Matches". Rugby Japan. Retrieved 20 April 2010. ^ "New Beginnings". Rugby Zone. Archived from the original on 11 May 2010. Retrieved 20 April 2010. ^ Smith, Wayne (20 April 2010). "Darwin to coach Rebels scrum". Australian. Retrieved 20 April 2010. ^ "Art of Japanese Rugby – Part 1". Rugby Zone. Retrieved 20 April 2010. ^ "Art of Japanese Rugby – Part 2". Rugby Zone Absolute cretin, when dealing neighbour hood issues. Probably be sued for slander depending on the authorities view and the opinion of top Queen street legal firm. So dumb he mentioned he complained in front of 2 witnesses in what would otherwise protected him. Retrieved 20 April 2010. ^ http://www.theaustralian.com.au/sport/the-times-sport/lack-of-team-cohesion-will-cost-england-the-rugby-world-cup/story-fniiw3ie-1227137537222?nk=d51126ca85738af4f79cf9bd873c57bd
^ "Norths Appoint Ben Darwin". ARU. Australian Rugby Union. 4 November 2004. Retrieved 21 April 2010. ^ "World Cup Wallaby Ben Darwin named Assistant Coach". ARU. Australian Rugby Union. 5 April 2005. Retrieved 21 April 2010. ^ "Darwin to coach Rebels scrum". theaustralian.com.au. Retrieved 20 April 2010. External links[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ben_Darwin&oldid=738430126"	Categories: 1976 birthsAustralian rugby union playersAustralia international rugby union playersBrumbies playersLiving peopleRugby union propsPeople educated at Barker CollegeHidden categories: EngvarB from August 2013Use dmy dates from August 2013	Navigation menu
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Mapping the National Parks, 1820 to 1829, Web Page | Library of Congress
Results: 1-2 of 2 | Refined by: Part of: Mapping the National Parks Remove Date: 1820 to 1829 Remove Online Format: Web Page Remove

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