问:
Storing NFC credit card near NFC phone
I have a quick question about NFC on Android devices. Assume that I have a device set-up for Google Pay, i.e. I added a credit card. I also have said credit card in my wallet and it is capable of NFC transactions (i.e. I can pay with the creadit card in the same way as I can pay with my phone).

The battary drain of NFC on phones is negligible these days, mostly due to the low power consumption when in "passive" mode. But whenever you do a payment, the chip switches to "active" mode to actually process the payment.

If I put my phone with NFC enabled onto my wallet (containing the NFC-capable credit card), will the phone be constantly in active mode and thus consume more power?

Title: Storing NFC credit card near NFC phone


问:
What is the new mmcblk0?

The device is OnePlus 8 Pro, it is completely functional, booted for root ADB from LineageOS Recovery via fastboot -s XXXXXXXX boot lineage-recovery.img.

```<code>$ adb --version
Android Debug Bridge version 1.0.41
Version 31.0.2-7242960
Installed as /opt/android-sdk/platform-tools/adb
</code>```

Trying to follow some 4-6 years old online guides & QnAs (mostly written by Irfan Latif) on how to backup stock ROM & partitions using adb pull or adb exec-out.

All of these materials always reference an mmcblk0 partition. But in my case it is missing.

What I have instead are these:

```<code>$ adb -s XXXXXXXX shell 'ls -al /dev/block' | grep -e '^[^d]'
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root       37 1970-04-15 15:06 bootdevice -> /dev/block/platform/soc/XXXXXXX.ufshc
brw-------  1 root root   7,   0 1970-04-15 15:06 loop0
brw-------  1 root root   7,   8 1970-04-15 15:06 loop1
brw-------  1 root root   7,  80 1970-04-15 15:06 loop10
brw-------  1 root root   7,  88 1970-04-15 15:06 loop11
brw-------  1 root root   7,  96 1970-04-15 15:06 loop12
brw-------  1 root root   7, 104 1970-04-15 15:06 loop13
brw-------  1 root root   7, 112 1970-04-15 15:06 loop14
brw-------  1 root root   7, 120 1970-04-15 15:06 loop15
brw-------  1 root root   7,  16 1970-04-15 15:06 loop2
brw-------  1 root root   7,  24 1970-04-15 15:06 loop3
brw-------  1 root root   7,  32 1970-04-15 15:06 loop4
brw-------  1 root root   7,  40 1970-04-15 15:06 loop5
brw-------  1 root root   7,  48 1970-04-15 15:06 loop6
brw-------  1 root root   7,  56 1970-04-15 15:06 loop7
brw-------  1 root root   7,  64 1970-04-15 15:06 loop8
brw-------  1 root root   7,  72 1970-04-15 15:06 loop9
brw-------  1 root root   1,   0 1970-04-15 15:06 ram0
brw-------  1 root root   1,   1 1970-04-15 15:06 ram1
brw-------  1 root root   1,  10 1970-04-15 15:06 ram10
brw-------  1 root root   1,  11 1970-04-15 15:06 ram11
brw-------  1 root root   1,  12 1970-04-15 15:06 ram12
brw-------  1 root root   1,  13 1970-04-15 15:06 ram13
brw-------  1 root root   1,  14 1970-04-15 15:06 ram14
brw-------  1 root root   1,  15 1970-04-15 15:06 ram15
brw-------  1 root root   1,   2 1970-04-15 15:06 ram2
brw-------  1 root root   1,   3 1970-04-15 15:06 ram3
brw-------  1 root root   1,   4 1970-04-15 15:06 ram4
brw-------  1 root root   1,   5 1970-04-15 15:06 ram5
brw-------  1 root root   1,   6 1970-04-15 15:06 ram6
brw-------  1 root root   1,   7 1970-04-15 15:06 ram7
brw-------  1 root root   1,   8 1970-04-15 15:06 ram8
brw-------  1 root root   1,   9 1970-04-15 15:06 ram9
brw-------  1 root root   8,   0 1970-04-15 15:06 sda
brw-------  1 root root   8,   1 1970-04-15 15:06 sda1
brw-------  1 root root   8,  10 1970-04-15 15:06 sda10
brw-------  1 root root   8,  11 1970-04-15 15:06 sda11
brw-------  1 root root   8,  12 1970-04-15 15:06 sda12
brw-------  1 root root   8,  13 1970-04-15 15:06 sda13
brw-------  1 root root   8,  14 1970-04-15 15:06 sda14
brw-------  1 root root   8,  15 1970-04-15 15:06 sda15
brw-------  1 root root 259,   0 1970-04-15 15:06 sda16
brw-------  1 root root 259,   1 1970-04-15 15:06 sda17
brw-------  1 root root 259,   2 1970-04-15 15:06 sda18
brw-------  1 root root 259,   3 1970-04-15 15:06 sda19
brw-------  1 root root   8,   2 1970-04-15 15:06 sda2
brw-------  1 root root 259,   4 1970-04-15 15:06 sda20
brw-------  1 root root 259,   5 1970-04-15 15:06 sda21
brw-------  1 root root 259,   6 1970-04-15 15:06 sda22
brw-------  1 root root 259,   7 1970-04-15 15:06 sda23
brw-------  1 root root   8,   3 1970-04-15 15:09 sda3
brw-------  1 root root   8,   4 1970-04-15 15:06 sda4
brw-------  1 root root   8,   5 1970-04-15 15:06 sda5
brw-------  1 root root   8,   6 1970-04-15 15:06 sda6
brw-------  1 root root   8,   7 1970-04-15 15:06 sda7
brw-------  1 root root   8,   8 1970-04-15 15:06 sda8
brw-------  1 root root   8,   9 1970-04-15 15:06 sda9
brw-------  1 root root   8,  16 1970-04-15 15:06 sdb
brw-------  1 root root   8,  17 1970-04-15 15:06 sdb1
brw-------  1 root root   8,  18 1970-04-15 15:06 sdb2
brw-------  1 root root   8,  32 1970-04-15 15:06 sdc
brw-------  1 root root   8,  33 1970-04-15 15:06 sdc1
brw-------  1 root root   8,  34 1970-04-15 15:06 sdc2
brw-------  1 root root   8,  48 1970-04-15 15:06 sdd
brw-------  1 root root   8,  49 1970-04-15 15:06 sdd1
brw-------  1 root root   8,  50 1970-04-15 15:06 sdd2
brw-------  1 root root   8,  51 1970-04-15 15:06 sdd3
brw-------  1 root root   8,  52 1970-04-15 15:06 sdd4
brw-------  1 root root   8,  64 1970-04-15 15:06 sde
brw-------  1 root root   8,  65 1970-04-15 15:06 sde1
brw-------  1 root root   8,  74 1970-04-15 15:06 sde10
brw-------  1 root root   8,  75 1970-04-15 15:06 sde11
brw-------  1 root root   8,  76 1970-04-15 15:06 sde12
brw-------  1 root root   8,  77 1970-04-15 15:06 sde13
brw-------  1 root root   8,  78 1970-04-15 15:06 sde14
brw-------  1 root root   8,  79 1970-04-15 15:06 sde15
brw-------  1 root root 259,   8 1970-04-15 15:06 sde16
brw-------  1 root root 259,   9 1970-04-15 15:06 sde17
brw-------  1 root root 259,  10 1970-04-15 15:06 sde18
brw-------  1 root root 259,  11 1970-04-15 15:06 sde19
brw-------  1 root root   8,  66 1970-04-15 15:06 sde2
brw-------  1 root root 259,  12 1970-04-15 15:06 sde20
brw-------  1 root root 259,  13 1970-04-15 15:06 sde21
brw-------  1 root root 259,  14 1970-04-15 15:06 sde22
brw-------  1 root root 259,  15 1970-04-15 15:06 sde23
brw-------  1 root root 259,  16 1970-04-15 15:06 sde24
brw-------  1 root root 259,  17 1970-04-15 15:06 sde25
brw-------  1 root root 259,  18 1970-04-15 15:06 sde26
brw-------  1 root root 259,  19 1970-04-15 15:06 sde27
brw-------  1 root root 259,  20 1970-04-15 15:06 sde28
brw-------  1 root root 259,  21 1970-04-15 15:06 sde29
brw-------  1 root root   8,  67 1970-04-15 15:06 sde3
brw-------  1 root root 259,  22 1970-04-15 15:06 sde30
brw-------  1 root root 259,  23 1970-04-15 15:06 sde31
brw-------  1 root root 259,  24 1970-04-15 15:06 sde32
brw-------  1 root root 259,  25 1970-04-15 15:06 sde33
brw-------  1 root root 259,  26 1970-04-15 15:06 sde34
brw-------  1 root root 259,  27 1970-04-15 15:06 sde35
brw-------  1 root root 259,  28 1970-04-15 15:06 sde36
brw-------  1 root root 259,  29 1970-04-15 15:06 sde37
brw-------  1 root root 259,  30 1970-04-15 15:06 sde38
brw-------  1 root root 259,  31 1970-04-15 15:06 sde39
brw-------  1 root root   8,  68 1970-04-15 15:06 sde4
brw-------  1 root root 259,  32 1970-04-15 15:06 sde40
brw-------  1 root root 259,  33 1970-04-15 15:06 sde41
brw-------  1 root root 259,  34 1970-04-15 15:06 sde42
brw-------  1 root root 259,  35 1970-04-15 15:06 sde43
brw-------  1 root root 259,  36 1970-04-15 15:06 sde44
brw-------  1 root root 259,  37 1970-04-15 15:06 sde45
brw-------  1 root root 259,  38 1970-04-15 15:06 sde46
brw-------  1 root root 259,  39 1970-04-15 15:06 sde47
brw-------  1 root root 259,  40 1970-04-15 15:06 sde48
brw-------  1 root root 259,  41 1970-04-15 15:06 sde49
brw-------  1 root root   8,  69 1970-04-15 15:06 sde5
brw-------  1 root root 259,  42 1970-04-15 15:06 sde50
brw-------  1 root root 259,  43 1970-04-15 15:06 sde51
brw-------  1 root root 259,  44 1970-04-15 15:06 sde52
brw-------  1 root root 259,  45 1970-04-15 15:06 sde53
brw-------  1 root root 259,  46 1970-04-15 15:06 sde54
brw-------  1 root root 259,  47 1970-04-15 15:06 sde55
brw-------  1 root root 259,  48 1970-04-15 15:06 sde56
brw-------  1 root root 259,  49 1970-04-15 15:06 sde57
brw-------  1 root root 259,  50 1970-04-15 15:06 sde58
brw-------  1 root root 259,  51 1970-04-15 15:06 sde59
brw-------  1 root root   8,  70 1970-04-15 15:06 sde6
brw-------  1 root root 259,  52 1970-04-15 15:06 sde60
brw-------  1 root root 259,  53 1970-04-15 15:06 sde61
brw-------  1 root root 259,  54 1970-04-15 15:06 sde62
brw-------  1 root root 259,  55 1970-04-15 15:06 sde63
brw-------  1 root root 259,  56 1970-04-15 15:06 sde64
brw-------  1 root root 259,  57 1970-04-15 15:06 sde65
brw-------  1 root root 259,  58 1970-04-15 15:06 sde66
brw-------  1 root root 259,  59 1970-04-15 15:06 sde67
brw-------  1 root root 259,  60 1970-04-15 15:06 sde68
brw-------  1 root root 259,  61 1970-04-15 15:06 sde69
brw-------  1 root root   8,  71 1970-04-15 15:06 sde7
brw-------  1 root root 259,  62 1970-04-15 15:06 sde70
brw-------  1 root root 259,  63 1970-04-15 15:06 sde71
brw-------  1 root root 259,  64 1970-04-15 15:06 sde72
brw-------  1 root root 259,  65 1970-04-15 15:06 sde73
brw-------  1 root root 259,  66 1970-04-15 15:06 sde74
brw-------  1 root root 259,  67 1970-04-15 15:06 sde75
brw-------  1 root root 259,  68 1970-04-15 15:06 sde76
brw-------  1 root root   8,  72 1970-04-15 15:06 sde8
brw-------  1 root root   8,  73 1970-04-15 15:06 sde9
brw-------  1 root root   8,  80 1970-04-15 15:06 sdf
brw-------  1 root root   8,  81 1970-04-15 15:06 sdf1
brw-------  1 root root   8,  82 1970-04-15 15:06 sdf2
brw-------  1 root root   8,  83 1970-04-15 15:06 sdf3
brw-------  1 root root   8,  84 1970-04-15 15:06 sdf4
brw-------  1 root root   8,  85 1970-04-15 15:06 sdf5
brw-------  1 root root   8,  86 1970-04-15 15:06 sdf6
brw-------  1 root root   8,  87 1970-04-15 15:06 sdf7
brw-------  1 root root   8,  88 1970-04-15 15:06 sdf8
brw-------  1 root root   8,  89 1970-04-15 15:06 sdf9
brw-------  1 root root 254,   0 1970-04-15 15:06 zram0
</code>```

by-name:

```<code>$ adb -s XXXXXXXX shell 'ls -alpsh /dev/block/by-name'
total 0
0 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 2.4K 1970-04-15 15:06 ./
0 drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 3.1K 1970-04-15 15:06 ../
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 ALIGN_TO_128K_1 -> /dev/block/sdd1
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 ALIGN_TO_128K_2 -> /dev/block/sdf1
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 abl_a -> /dev/block/sde8
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 abl_b -> /dev/block/sde32
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 abl_log -> /dev/block/sde67
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 aging_kernel -> /dev/block/sde64
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 aging_mod -> /dev/block/sde65
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 android_log -> /dev/block/sde69
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 aop_a -> /dev/block/sde1
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 aop_b -> /dev/block/sde25
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 apdp -> /dev/block/sde51
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 bluetooth_a -> /dev/block/sde5
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 bluetooth_b -> /dev/block/sde29
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 boot_a -> /dev/block/sde11
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 boot_b -> /dev/block/sde35
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 cdt -> /dev/block/sdd2
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 cmnlib64_a -> /dev/block/sde13
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 cmnlib64_b -> /dev/block/sde37
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 cmnlib_a -> /dev/block/sde12
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 cmnlib_b -> /dev/block/sde36
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 config -> /dev/block/sda11
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 ddr -> /dev/block/sdd3
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 devcfg_a -> /dev/block/sde14
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 devcfg_b -> /dev/block/sde38
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 devinfo -> /dev/block/sde49
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 dip -> /dev/block/sde50
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 dsp_a -> /dev/block/sde9
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 dsp_b -> /dev/block/sde33
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 dtbo_a -> /dev/block/sde17
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 dtbo_b -> /dev/block/sde41
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 featenabler_a -> /dev/block/sde22
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 featenabler_b -> /dev/block/sde46
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 frp -> /dev/block/sda5
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 fsc -> /dev/block/sdf5
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 fsg -> /dev/block/sdf4
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 hyp_a -> /dev/block/sde3
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 hyp_b -> /dev/block/sde27
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 hyp_log -> /dev/block/sde71
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 imagefv_a -> /dev/block/sde23
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 imagefv_b -> /dev/block/sde47
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 kernel_log -> /dev/block/sde68
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 keymaster_a -> /dev/block/sde10
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 keymaster_b -> /dev/block/sde34
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 keystore -> /dev/block/sda4
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 limits -> /dev/block/sde54
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 limits-cdsp -> /dev/block/sde55
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 logdump -> /dev/block/sde57
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 logfs -> /dev/block/sde56
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 logo_a -> /dev/block/sde24
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 logo_b -> /dev/block/sde48
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 mdm1m9kefs1 -> /dev/block/sdf7
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 mdm1m9kefs2 -> /dev/block/sdf8
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 mdm1m9kefs3 -> /dev/block/sdf6
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 mdm1m9kefsc -> /dev/block/sdf9
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 mdm1oemnvbktmp -> /dev/block/sde63
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 mdm_oem_dycnvbk -> /dev/block/sda7
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 mdm_oem_stanvbk -> /dev/block/sda8
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 mdmddr -> /dev/block/sdd4
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 mdtp_a -> /dev/block/sde7
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 mdtp_b -> /dev/block/sde31
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 mdtpsecapp_a -> /dev/block/sde6
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 mdtpsecapp_b -> /dev/block/sde30
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 metadata -> /dev/block/sda19
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 misc -> /dev/block/sda3
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 modem_a -> /dev/block/sde4
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 modem_b -> /dev/block/sde28
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 modemdump -> /dev/block/sda9
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 modemst1 -> /dev/block/sdf2
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 modemst2 -> /dev/block/sdf3
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 msadp -> /dev/block/sde52
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 multiimgoem_a -> /dev/block/sde19
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 multiimgoem_b -> /dev/block/sde43
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 multiimgqti_a -> /dev/block/sde20
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 multiimgqti_b -> /dev/block/sde44
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 op1 -> /dev/block/sde66
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 op2 -> /dev/block/sda10
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 opproduct_a -> /dev/block/sda12
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 opproduct_b -> /dev/block/sda13
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 param -> /dev/block/sda6
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 persist -> /dev/block/sda2
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 qsee_log -> /dev/block/sde70
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 qupfw_a -> /dev/block/sde15
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 qupfw_b -> /dev/block/sde39
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 rawdump -> /dev/block/sda22
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 recovery_a -> /dev/block/sda15
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 recovery_b -> /dev/block/sda16
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 reserve1 -> /dev/block/sde72
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 reserve2 -> /dev/block/sde73
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 reserve3 -> /dev/block/sde74
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 reserve4 -> /dev/block/sde75
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   14 1970-04-15 15:06 sda -> /dev/block/sda
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   14 1970-04-15 15:06 sdb -> /dev/block/sdb
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   14 1970-04-15 15:06 sdc -> /dev/block/sdc
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   14 1970-04-15 15:06 sdd -> /dev/block/sdd
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   14 1970-04-15 15:06 sde -> /dev/block/sde
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   14 1970-04-15 15:06 sdf -> /dev/block/sdf
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 secdata -> /dev/block/sde60
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 spunvm -> /dev/block/sde53
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 ssd -> /dev/block/sda1
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 storsec_a -> /dev/block/sde58
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 storsec_b -> /dev/block/sde76
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 super -> /dev/block/sda14
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 tz_a -> /dev/block/sde2
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 tz_b -> /dev/block/sde26
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 uefisecapp_a -> /dev/block/sde18
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 uefisecapp_b -> /dev/block/sde42
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 uefivarstore -> /dev/block/sde59
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 userdata -> /dev/block/sda23
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 vbmeta_a -> /dev/block/sde16
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 vbmeta_b -> /dev/block/sde40
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 vbmeta_system_a -> /dev/block/sda17
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 vbmeta_system_b -> /dev/block/sda18
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 vm-data -> /dev/block/sde62
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 vm-keystore -> /dev/block/sde61
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 vm-linux_a -> /dev/block/sde21
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 vm-linux_b -> /dev/block/sde45
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 vm-system_a -> /dev/block/sda20
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   16 1970-04-15 15:06 vm-system_b -> /dev/block/sda21
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 xbl_a -> /dev/block/sdb1
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 xbl_b -> /dev/block/sdc1
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 xbl_config_a -> /dev/block/sdb2
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   15 1970-04-15 15:06 xbl_config_b -> /dev/block/sdc2
</code>```

The command below produces an empty 71 byte archive.

```<code>$ adb -s XXXXXXXX exec-out 'cat /dev/block/mmcblk0 | gzip' > backup/partitions/mmcblk0.tar.gz
$ ls -shlap backup/partitions/mmcblk0.tar.gz
4.0K -rw-rw-r-- 1 tanhok tanhok 71 Aug  5 18:26 backup/partitions/mmcblk0.tar.gz
</code>```

Which one of those is "the new mmcblk0"? Which one should I pull to have a full backup of my device stock firmware as an .img file?

ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0

Title: What is the new mmcblk0?


问:
How to Switch Camera in Google Hangouts on Android 11?
Google Hangouts shows an icon to switch between front and back cameras (or move it from the front to the back) but is there a way to choose between cameras on a phone with a multi-camera setup?</p>


问:
How can I factory reset my device to bypass a new MDM solution?
I bought a Samsung Galaxy XCover Pro second-hand, approximately two months ago. It has worked fine and I have factory reset it previously which has also worked fine.

However, on factory resetting it and setting it up today, it told me suddenly that "This phone is controlled by [Company Name which I don't recognise] and needs to be enrolled using Knox Mobile Enrollment".

It has worked following factory resets fine before, which makes me wonder why this message has appeared on this particular occasion. Why might this be, and how can I seek to bypass it?


问:
Intune company portal causes usb debugging to automatically switch off
I recently installed Microsoft Intune company portal on my Samsung galaxy note 10+ for work. Unfortunately doing so resulted in the following change to my usb debugging settings: "Block - Prevent devices from using the USB debugging feature". Once I discovered this, I fully uninstalled and unerolled from Intune company portal, however the usb debugging block remains. I did notice that I can toggle on and use usb debugging for 2-4 minutes after rebooting my phone, but after that, the switch instantly goes back to off when I try to enable it. I've tried resetting my phone settings, reenabling developer options and then trying to turn on usb debugging, but the setting still behaves the same. I've also tried the solutions here but the setting remains disabled. Any help undoing what company portal did to my phone would be massively appreciated.

Note:
I already disabled/uninstalled several apps potentially related to the issue via adb shell commands during the first few minutes after rebooting. If I knew which lingering app was responsible for enforcing the usb debugging block, I think uninstalling it would fix the issue. I've disabled several so far with no effect. Hoping to avoid factory reset.

phone details/bug screen recording:
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1uyIRKBnrpW4RH5hmlKJ2mAOMmJXt8j5d?usp=sharing


问:
Found my child's LG phone but can't remember unlock pattern
Found my child's LG phone which was lost months ago. Can not remember pattern to unlock. What do I do?</p>


问:
Why does my HTC Desire 610, running Android v4.4.2 and WiFi connected, falsely allege "your phone is up to date" and "no updates available"?
While cleaning my attic, I unerathed an HTC Desire 610 from 2014. I hope to use it as a backup phone. I can't afford to buy a new phone, as COVID unemployed me.

As at today, the Latest release is Android 11. So why's my HTC Desire 610 fibbing, and not updating to Android 11? I connected it successfully to WiFi, which I checked by accessing the Internet.


问:
In an attempt to install custom rom on my lenovo k6 note ,i have baked up using entire phone using adb backup , how can i restore my phone
in an attempt to install custom rom i wiped my OS on my lenovo k6 note now its not starting but it is going into twrp recovery mode. is there any way to flash stock rom or any other OS i have tried installing lineage,emulation x, but it failed giving an error .</p>


问:
Can (ringer) volume only be locked by hacks/apps or is there a easy way?
I tried several apps to lock the volume button, because when touching them acidentally this always changes my ringer volume. This seems to be default function of volume button - change the ringer volume (how does this make sense? media volume would be better)

Those mentioned apps offer locking of media, ringer, notification ... volume. Some don't work at all (maybe phone specific problem, xperia arc 2.3.4 rooted). One app actually has a working volume locking "function", RingGuard, but a very ugly hack. If the volume gets changed acidentally, a popup shows up and asks you to keep this setting, if not, volume is set to former ringer volume, the locked one. It works, but this is very ugly solution and also if I set the phone to vibration mode, this app also wants confirmation. Ugly.

I'm really wondering, is there no "clean" way to simply lock the ringer volume on my phone without a ugly additional app, maybe by system settings. Even my old J2ME phone could do this?

ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0


问:
What is this status bar symbol that looks like combined ♺ and ⇵?
Occasionally a symbol shows up in the status bar (top right) of my Samsung Galaxy S8+, but I can't figure out what's producing it or why.  Any insight?

Tapping it does nothing. Given the dashed "warning-style" triangle, and the "up/down" arrows, I would guess it's a synchronization error of some sort, but I don't know what it would be from.

Android symbol lists (like this one) don't seem to include this one.  Google Image search did return 2 sites that have matches (image shows in search result preview) but I couldn't actually find the image on either page: this one, and this one (which is Russian but oddly, won't translate).


问:
Remove files left in main storage from failed "Clear Data"
I used the SnoreLab app for a while and was using the full night audio recording feature.  I started to run out of space on my phone and found that I had accrued 20G of nightly recordings while looking at application footprint in the storage settings view.

When I hit "Clear Data" to free this up my phone chugged for a while and then crashed and rebooted.  Now there is no record that Snorelab is consuming storage, but my phone main memory is still almost full.  I've tried uninstalling Snorelab, which didn't free things up.
I also tried SD Maid and the Drives storage analyzer and Disk Usage.  Both of these show the /data as being >20G but show no folders larger than a few hundred meg.

It seems that there is no record of these files that I have access to but they are still consuming storage on my device.  The device is a Moto G4 running Android 7.


问:
Help guys android feature problem
**when I try to install an application in my phone it's (tecno pop 2 plus )**it does not require the notification access option. It responses that that this feature is not in this device

Title: Help guys android feature problem


问:
How to force mount storage whetever corrupt or not?
I use my phone without back cover and I sometimes accidentally remove my Toshiba Exceria 32GB SDHC UHS-1

This time my phone keeps spewing out corrupt SD card and tries to make me format my already portable storage card.

I tried lsdsk but apparently Android doesn't have that command.

I successfully saved my files using an another android device that didn't give me any errors

Removing magisk plugin of "/media_rw sd card mount for apps because your nougat has sd card access issues on apps that doesn't have toggle for where to save thing etc" worked but I still would like to know how I can force mount SD cards/USB sticks.


问:
Keep/retain a syslog at lowest level possible even after a restart
Over the last several days, my phone suddenly started giving me a problem. It gets into a restart cycle - there is no pattern of when this problem occurs. It's very random, also the number of restarts in each instance is variable.

I did factory reset twice (including cache partition clear) and hard reset (from recovery menu)

Now I see some reduction in the problem, but it's not completely gone. It's my gut feeling it's a software issue.

Is there any way to keep debugger logs on at the sys level so that next time a problem happens and after a restart, I might get some clues?


问:
Lost permission to modify external storage from PC after rooting my tablet
I have a highly secured proprietary tablet I was able to gain root access to. It's a mediatek device, I used mtk-su to root it. It has 32gb of memory, 8gb allocated to the system, and the rest allocated as external storage.

Prior to rooting, I was able to plug in to my PC and access external storage with FULL read/write permissions.

After rooting, when I plug in to my PC, it now gives me read-only permissions. I have termux installed on the tablet with SU permission, so I can modify any system properties. However, I can't figure out what needs to be done to re-mount the partition as read/write.

I tried pushing the files with adb, and it says the tablet is unauthorized. I really don't want to have to use adb anyways. Any ideas how I can re-gain read/write access??

EDIT:
@Robert
My apologies! I just looked in the root directory to get the EXACT path name of this folder. Here's where it is:

```<code>root/mnt/sdcard1 **This is the exposed path when I plug into PC.**
</code>```

There is also an sdcard

```<code>root/mnt/sdcard **This isn't the directory in question.**
</code>```

@IrfanLatif
My apologies for not being correct on the semantics. I'm a web developer, and android programming/modification is a new thing to me. I'm trying/learning. I know it is is read only because, after plugging in to the PC, I can no longer copy to the drive (or w/e it would be called here, not sure?), or modify anything inside it. It gives error, saying I only have read access.

Thanks


问:
Remount writable by all users?
I want to remount a read-only partition in read-write mode, but I want it to be writable for all users.

So far I've got this:

```<code>mount -o bind /someplace /someplace_else
mount -o remount rw /someplace_else
</code>```

The first command creates a new mount point from a directory. The second one remounts the new mount point as rewritable. This all works.

Problem is, the new mount point has uid=1000,fmask=0222,dmask=0222, so the non-root user still can't write anything, and root can't give it permission.

How do I change the fmask and uid when remounting, or is there something else I can do to make the mount writable for the normal user?

Also, note that the command that worked for me is this:

```<code>mount -o remount rw /someplace_else
</code>```

...with no comma between "remount" and "rw," as I've seen in almost everything my searches turned up. Does anyone know anything about this discrepancy in syntax?

Update

Ok, I guess had a strange version of mount. Now I'm using busybox mount, and I can do this:

```<code>busybox mount -o remount,rw /someplace_else
</code>```

It accepts this version of the command, but the masks don't change:

```<code>busybox mount -o remount,rw,fmask=0000,dmask=0000 /someplace_else
</code>```

Storage is vfat, maybe that has something to do with it?

suid and dev options also work, but the fmask and dmask won't change (I want them 000, that should leave files with 777).

Title: Remount writable by all users?


问:
How to configure an IKEv2/IPSec RSA VPN on Android 11?
I am trying to connect to an (OpenIKED) IKEv2/IPsec VPN on Android 11 (Pixel 4a), and I am running into the following two issues:

I can establish the connection, but Android then immediately sends the delete message, taking the connection down:

```<code>Aug  7 17:32:21 hades iked[44829]: spi=0x007fa78616046693: established peer XXX local XXX assigned 10.0.1.22 policy 'responder_x509' as responder (enc aes-128-gcm group modp4096 prf hmac-sha1)
Aug  7 17:32:21 hades iked[44829]: spi=0x007fa78616046693: ikev2_ikesa_recv_delete: received delete
Aug  7 17:32:21 hades iked[44829]: spi=0x007fa78616046693: sa_free: received delete
</code>```

Why does it do this, and how can I convince Android to leave the connection up? (I have been using this VPN for years on other devices, so it isn't an issue with the VPN.)

How can I import a certificate to use in the "IPSec server certificate" option field? I have a certificate identifying the server in PEM format, but attempting to import it (Security > Encryption & credentials > Install a certificate > any of the three options) gives the error "Private key required to install a certificate". I know that I could instead import my VPN's CA certificate (which signed the server certificate), but doing so in Android 11 causes Android to display a warning message in the top pull-down tray, so I'd like to avoid that.


问:
How to set SD card to default for storage S9+
How do I tell my phone to store new files on my sd card instead of its internal storage, either for a specific app or the entire system?

(I did try to find this on my own. There are many sites that say how to do this. Unfortunately, none of them are accurate as the settings options have apparently changed)


问:
Note 10 Plus Stuck with Partial Flight Mode (Faded Blue). What does this mean? Is this an indication of hardware failure?
I haven't yet come across a situation where factory reset didn't resolve the issue. This one is very intriguing to me as I could not conclude why the phone could stay in the partial flight mode (faded blue). It may be a coincidence, but it happened sometime after the firmware update. However, it doesn't look like a widespread issue to assume it is a bug. I have attached an image that shows flight mode in faded blue. It stays that way until I switch to Wi-Fi calling or remove the SIM card from the tray. I cannot select networks from the settings - "Error while searching for networks."

Here are the steps I have taken so far:

Wipe cache partition

Clear SIM cache, grant permissions, network rest, restart device

Multiple resets with flight mode on and off, finally did a Factory rest

Used ODIN flashed with latest stock ROM

Used ODIN flashed with  a year-old ROM - system performed updates as well

Used ADB shell to enable cell in airplane mode, no impact. ADB mode shows flight mode was off.

Replaced with new SIM card, no difference

Based on the above steps, it looks like this is probably a hardware issue, but I would be relieved if it comes from experts. No drops or physical damages to the phone. I haven't read anywhere that partial flight mode results from hardware failure. However, neither ADB made any difference to conclude it as a software/GUI issue. If there aren't solutions left, I can make peace with my phone.

I would appreciate your comments and inputs.


问:
Is there a way to get all the internal storage data from my LG W30 which doesnt turn on?
My android phone LG W30 fell pretty bad from a decent height and it doesn't turn on now. No response from any buttons. when connected to power, the indicator LED turns on and nothing else. This is the current situation of my phone.

I would like to retrieve all the data from the internal storage. I tried to connect it to my PC, but the device isn't getting recognized. Is there any way that i can transfer my data? Please help


问:
How do i remove the root app(?)?
I have a Samsung galaxy S7 that i rooted, but i want to unroot it because an app i need doesn't allow root.

I followed this tutorial when rooting my phone:

https://www.youtube.com/watchv=CEI75gZWUtc

So tried to unroot it first by unrooting in the superuser app, then factory resetting it, but the app still said that i was rooted. I couldn't find any trace of it being rooted and even tried looking with adb, but found nothing. Then i installed an app that blocks internet for selected apps (Net Blocker) and in the list of apps there are two apps that i think causes this. one named root with UID=0 under it and one named RootPA with no text under it.

My question is how can i remove these?

Title: How do i remove the root app(?)?


问:
How to expose a folder to a PC using mount command
I've been messing with termux on a rooted tablet (mediatek), and I'm trying to expose a folder using mount that will be accessible to my PC via a USB connection over mtp (with read/write permission).

I've tried various iterations with mount, all to no avail. I can't find any tutorials explaining how this is done, so I'm basically relying on mount --help and trying to copy the logic of directories that are already mounted.

Any help with the CLI syntax regarding this issue would be appreciated.


问:
Battery level to output via Bluetooth for external control
Is there any device to read the phones battery level  ; lets say 10 % to  90% to trigger a signal out over blue tooth;  some apps haves control; like sonoff;  for wifi control but I want to trigger off my phone charger when the battery is at  90% charge.; ; then turn it back on lets say at 50% etc. a blue tooth switch that I can feed into a replay for my power source on a power pak ?
LG phone constantly charge to blow up batteries; or bulge them so the buttons don't work.
Constantly replacing batteries !!
U can add my email for replies; to anyone</p>


问:
For Adoptable storage Fast random WRITE speed or fast random READ average good speed values?
For Adoptable storage Fast random  WRITE speed or fast random READ average  good speed values?

To move and use apps on its microSD Card (using microsd card as adaptable storage as internal memory) in android 6.0 marshmallow formatting  SD as internal  my droid suggests I use a "fast" SD card.

https://www.cameramemoryspeed.com/sd-memory-card-faq/fastest-memory-card/
Ranks SD Cards by WRITE Speed and READ Speed. Interestingly, the same chips seldom appear in both lists. If I want to use my SD Card to store and run apps, is fast random WRITE speed or is fast random READ speed the most important quality to look for. As in many card random read speed is 230mbps and random write speed is 3 or 5 mobs there are some cards in which both random read write speed is  90mbps 100mbps Approx. So what's the internal storage random read write speed standard average value as apps read more than write.

In android perspective using SD card as adaptable internal storage what is  The important thing for best performance in micro sd card must be high IOPS, high 4k read/write values an average value the apps use to read and write on micro sd card .

But what is queue depth (QD) 1..32? For example random read 4k-QD1, random read 4k-QD32, random write 4k-QD1, random read 4k-QD32... Which values of QD are important for  android adoptable storage.

I just found another  old benchmark link

to find hdparm dd Linux benchmarking but its with old model 16gb 32 GB cards

https://www.pidramble.com/wiki/benchmarks/microsd-cards

https://www.jeffgeerling.com/blog/2019/raspberry-pi-microsd-card-performance-comparison-2019

I am planning for 128 GB UHS II v30 a2 cards  do any can share  any benchmark results for new microsd card for android adoptable app perspective for cards

Is there any command or benchmark  app in android through which we can benchmark or test the internal memory storage speed and match same or higher value random read and write speed  external microsd card speed for making it compatible matching speed of internal memory. Kindly share the apps I founded androbench, SD speed test but both test external SD card not internal


问:
question about a video recording cutting out at 4GB, vs continuing recording and a new file created. Phone is Moto G7 Power
question about a video recording cutting out

I have two Moto phones.

One when I do a 30-35min video, and that about 4GB size, it continues recording but makes a new file.

Both are not using an SD card.

The phone that stops recording, is running Android 9, and is build number PPOS29.114-134-2  (was PPO29.80-27 but updated to PPOS29.114-134-2)

The phone that continues recording is running Android 10, and is build number QPOS30.52-29-7-6

The phone that stops recording, has, under about..Model and hardware.  Moto G7 Power.

The phone that continues recording, has, under about..Model and hardware. Moto G7 Power (XT-1955-4)

Both are updated as much as possible.. but Motorola doesn't seem to let them both update to Android 10.

I know the compression on an oppo phone I have is much better, its 30min Mp4s are a fraction of the size.  The Oppo compresses mp4s well and didn't hit any 3.7GB or 4GB limit. The oppo 30min file is only about 850MB! And my Oppo phone is Android 11. Anyhow, no question re my Oppo phone.

```<code>G:\vids\aug8th>
...

<DIR>          newermoto
<DIR>          oldermoto
<DIR>          oppo

09/08/2021  16:50  4,081,015,200 newer_notupd_moto\VID_20210809_161905581.mp4  (31min 45sec)

09/08/2021  16:50     4,080,838,961 oldermoto\VID_20210809_161917546.mp4    (31min 24sec)
09/08/2021  16:53       416,864,956 oldermoto\VID_20210809_161917546_02.mp4  (3min 12sec)

09/08/2021  16:54     1,875,077,957 oppo\VID20210809161850.mp4   (35min 13sec)
</code>```

What i'm wondering is, is it a difference between Android 9 and Android 10 that would fix it?

Not that that helps much at the moment since the phone that cuts out won't update to Android 10!

Both Motos are on only internal storage, neither have an SD card. So file system of an SD card isn't relevant here, as no SD card in the Motos.

I wonder if the Moto G7 Power that continues recording is a later model / better model of Moto G7 Power.


问:
Apk signed with no rsa or dsa compatible signature
I am building an signed apk to uploaded on a mdm.

I used to do this routine without a problem but since I updated to android studio Arctic Fox 2021.3.1 I get the message:

"Your apk is signed using a certificate that we currently don't support. Please use RSA or DSA certificate".

Aren't apks signed with rsa or dsa certificates?
How can I use these kind of certificates ?


问:
App Audio Mixer for Samsung Dex
Is there an audio mixer setting to adjust the audio volume of individual open apps, like there is on Windows, built into Samsung Dex? Or do I need a 3rd party app for this?</p>

Title: App Audio Mixer for Samsung Dex


问:
My kids see my phone's location on Google Maps
Yesterday my kids showed me that they can see my Android phone's location in the Google Maps app on their phones. Their phones are managed by Google Family Link because they are under 13.

They can also see the location of my wife's phone, but nobody else - and not each other.

I found no way of disabling this feature, and it's really disturbing.

OwnerDisplayName: noamtm


问:
What are the differences between the single partition and the A/B partition scheme?
I recently flashed LineageOS 18.1 to a OnePlus6T by following the official guide. It was successfull, but there are a couple of steps which I don't fully understand. The OP6T uses the A/B partition scheme and doesn't have a recovery partition like the older device I have used before; on that device I flashed TWRP to the recovery partition and it remained there persistently, allowing me to boot into it using a certain button combo. The guide to flashing the OP6T states that one must temporarily flash a custom recovery to the device using the command fastboot flash boot <recovery_filename>.img; My questions are as follows:

Why is the flashing of the custom recovery only temporary? Is this because it will be flashed to the boot partition of the inactive slot (lets assume this is slot B) which is then loaded when the device reboots, only to be used to flash the actual ROM to slot A, which will then overwrite slot B the first time that it is updated?

The command fastboot flash boot doesn't specify which A/B slot that the boot partition should belong to, does fastboot simply flash the recovery image to the inactive slot?

And one final question; the official guide contains the following line which I don't understand:

In some cases slot b can be unpopulated or contain much older firmware than slot a, leading to various issues including a potential hard-brick. We can ensure none of that will happen by copying the contents of slot a to slot b. This step is NOT optional.

Coming from a vanilla OEM install, why would one slot be unpopulated? Does this refer to scenarios in which the device has previously been used with a custom ROM which does not utilize the A/B partition scheme and may have left one empty? And finally, what does it mean by firmware? I have always thought that firmware was in general loaded from chips integrated into a devices mainboard/s and not something which is held in internal storage?

There's a lot to unpack there so feel free to elaborate or tell me that I have fundamentally misunderstood.


问:
Android tablet says it's OTG compatible, but it won't detect other devices when plugged in
I have a proprietary tablet that's been secured. It's a mediatek mt8163, with Android 8.0.

It's a "Managed Device" as android likes to call it. Anyways, I ended up being able to create a hack that installs an app, and I then gained root access.

When I run an OTG checker app, it says the device is OTG capable/compatible. However, when I connect the OTG cable to any device, it will only charge, it won't recognize that another device has been connected. Therefor I can't transfer data or anything of the sort, which is my goal.

Is there any setting that I may be able to access in the terminal that will fully enable OTG? I have Super User access in the terminal, so anything I can do to troubleshoot OTG from here would be greatly appreciated.


问:
Force upgrade Huawei from Android 6? Is it still supported by Google
I have a Huawei CAM L21 that I have updated to EMUI 4.1.3 which is the last update I got a prompt for.

The Android OS is Android 6. I don't see any prompt or button for any further update.

Now I am getting messages that I can't use apps e.g. YouTube with the message that Google Play is not supported for this device. I also can not find the icon for Google Play anywhere (I have checked the disabled apps etc)
This error started happening few weeks ago.

I suppose that Google stopped supporting Android 6 recently?

In any case, is there a way to force upgrade from Android 6? What would the steps be? Or is there any solution for this device?


问:
Is my used phone rooted? What threats can I be at risk of? What can I do about it?
I bought a used phone (Samsung Note 8) and soon began to suspect something wasn't right. I would often have to re-enter my password from lock screen, as if it had rebooted and other small oddities. Then, when I tried to use certain apps, I would get warnings or denied access, saying my phone is 'rooted'.
I hadn't heard of this before.

Following advice from a repair shop and what I've been able to find online, I can provide these details:

2 factory resets have both failed to wipe any of my data (all pictures, video, etc untouched), as well as a number of suspicious apps.

Several root checking apps have all come back negative 'Not Rooted'. However, BusyBox and SuperUser are both detected and it fails SafetyNet test.

My device's Google Play Protection is not certified and when I attempted to register my GSF number with Google manually, it not only didn't work but displayed a completely different GSF than my own as being registered.

I don't know what to make of it all. I really hope one of you guys will recognise exactly what's going on and be able to advise.

Should I be worried? What should I do?

Thank you!


问:
Revoking Certificates for VPN Connection
would like to ask what happens when you press on the clear credentials options during an established always-on VPN connection.

As I came across a situation where:
The CA certificated was installed on the phone, while the client cert is stored on an SD card and both have been saved as in a working always-on VPN connection. The client cert was on the SD card and when the SD card was removed, the VPN still managed to connect.

If the VPN certificates still remained under the saved connection, isn't it a security concern?


问:
I can't turn on cellular data for postpaid sim card
I was trying to start mobile cellular data. It's been a year I can't turn it on. Usually, I am currently using Postpaid sim card. When I was using Prepaid sim card than, I could turn mobile cellular data. I was reading the article. They said to change APN protocol. I have reset APN. But, I can't find anyway to configure existing APN protocol for Airtel sim card. But, I can't create a new one. They had said to Opt For a Factory Reset. I had reset my mobile 5-6 months ago. In the article, they had said to Reset Your Phone’s Network Connection by the "code" ##72786# then, I am getting connection problem or invalid MMI code. My sim card is 3G. I don't think that "I didn't make it 4G that's why I am getting the problem" (cause, my prepaid sim card was 3G either). I don't have any data limit also. I have rebooted my mobile thousand times. My mobile isn't in safe mode also. Sim card isn't expired also.


问:
Zenfone 5 t00j charging, but not recognized by computer
I have bought a second hand t00j however it seems that when i connect it to the computer via usb, it is not listed anywhere, but it is still charging. I tried different USB ports. I have tried with one windows and one linux computer. The phone is in MTP mode, I have the latest intel drivers. It is not showing up in the devices tab on windows. I tried enabling usb debugging. Nothing is listed when i run "adb devices". I opened the phone to make sure the connector ribbons between the usb board, the sim card and the mombo are connected properly. Please help.</p>


问:
snopping using developer options. keeps turning back on itself
I think my borther in law has gained access to my phone and written a admin app/ script to automatically turn on developer options. I have turned it off umpteen times and yet it turns itself back on.

can anyone think of how he can do this and what the solution to this is? It appears to do this regardless of having any form of connection to the internet/phone network. I removed the sim to establish this. I have tried to uninstall apps via adb but still.


问:
Automated way to determine which apps have background permissions?
Is there an automated way given the apk to determine which apps are running in the background app on Android?

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25987377/keeping-an-android-app-running-in-the-background-preventing-it-from-stopping-dy

I'm aware of background app usage but it is rather time consuming to install an app just to see if it's running in the background?


问:
I have a Zenfone 6 unusable because of a broken screen, and a HTC one m9 with a broken power button. Is there a way I could use one of them?
The touch screen on the zenfone6 is unusable because it presses randomly.

I tried to connect it to my pc and use scrcpy to control it, but it doesn't detect it.

adb doesn't detect it.

I used to be able to use the htc one m9 by waking it by double tapping it, but right now the battery is dead. I charged it, but I can't turn it on. adb doesn't detect it

Is there anything I can do?


问:
Play Store -- Relevance of color of Icon with initial in it
I recently had an issue in trying to download an app for a Canadian product from Google play. Despite being in Canada, on a Canadian WiFi system or Canadian SIM Card on a Canadian carrier the download was refused because "This item is not available in your Country". I created a new account but had the same results, I used my wifes phone on her account, same result! I then remembered an old account I had, logged in with that and it worked. The only difference I could see with the new account on Google Play was the circle with my initial in it in the box "Search for apps & games" was blue in colour, all the other logins the circle was orange. What is the meaning of the circles colour?</p>


问:
"Internal processing. Please retry to later" What does that mean?
Yes, I know what I put was grammatically incorrect. That's exactly how it shows up on my screen.  When I hang up with someone from time to time, the green phone icon in the notification bar does not go away. If I do not immediately turn off my phone and turn it back on, I will be not be able to dial out or receive calls. If the green phone icon is in the notification bar after I hang up with someone, it will give me a message that says, "Internal processing. Please retry to later"

Has anyone heard of this before or know of any possible solutions? I have an LG G2X, which I absolutely regret buying, and before I try to get it replaced, I just wanted to see if there was any way I can fix this.

Thanks!
Kevin


问:
How do I get rid of volume limit on android
How do I get rid of volume limit on galaxy note 10 lite? I tried turning off volume limit and also by turning it on while keeping volume limit to max volume. But none helped. In both cases, I was not able to increase volume past 50%. And this is utterly irritating. Today I downloaded a youtube video on home WiFi so that I can watch it while travelling. But I wasn't able to listen to anything due to high ambient noise during traveling. With volume limit, I can still listen at home, as the noise isnt that much, but today, I realised that I simply cannot listen to anything while traveling due to high noise outside.

Here is the screen recorded video.

I am running Android 11 and One UI v 3.1.


问:
t00j flashing unlock unknown command
I have been trying to unlock my devices(zefnone 5 t00j) bootloader, when i type fastboot oem unlock i get

FAILED (remote: 'unknown OEM command')

fastboot: error: Command failed

on the cmd, and when i type fastboot flashing unlock i do not get anything on the cmd, but i get "RESULT: FAIL(unkown command) on my phone.

please help.

Title: t00j flashing unlock unknown command


问:
My location get recognized by my SIM card
I noticed that the TikTok app locates me by my SIM card, how is this possible?

I didn't give it any Location/Call/Messages permission. Also, I used VPN but it still recognizes my location.

How can I edit the info on my SIM card? My device is rooted, I got access to everything.


问:
Bluetooth headset kills other audio?
I have a bluetooth headset for voice calls on my HTC EVO 4G. When I connect it, voice calls work well, and other audio works before I try pressing the "call" button on the headset.

The first time I press this button, the built-in voice recognition cuts out. After that, it works fine, but no more audio will be routed through either the speaker or the audio jack on the phone, and although the headset still works for voice calls, it is stuck to that stupid "BT profile", so it dosen't get the audio for music and such.

A few notes

this only happens with the headset, no other bluetooth device (such as keyboard), but I have not tested it with a bluetooth sound system.

this does not occur with any other audio connection, i.e. headphones etc.

switching sound modes (vibrate, loud, silent) has no effect

the only solution I have now is resetting the phone, which I would love not to have to do every time I use my  headset

I am running Cyanogenmod 7.1 (stable). Is this a known issue? Is there a workaround or a patch?

Title: Bluetooth headset kills other audio?


问:
Wifi disabled but apps think I am using wifi
I am experience a really weird issue in my Android.
I disable wifi, i.e. completely disabled in settings menu, no wifi direct, no hotspot, nothing related to wifi. Also bluetooth disabled.

I use my LTE internet connection, it works normally.

However, I have at least two different and unrelated apps that claim I am using Wifi. And the issue is these two apps require for some reason some steps without wifi, i.e. with mobile data network.

Question: How can I fix this issue?

One could obviously think the apps are malfunctioning, but since two independent and unrelated apps are claiming both I am on a Wifi connection, might it be something not going smoothly in Android?

I tried to reinstall the apps, delete cache, add permissions, etc. No luck.

Phone is LG Velvet


问:
Where are the technical documents about android enterprise?
I'm looking for some solutions about managing a fleet of mobile devices, but I found that all the documents is about how to communicate with androidmanagement.googleapis.com.

But I want to know more about how to communicate with the device directly.

Basically my question:

Is it possible to self host a androidmanagement.googleapis.com service?


问:
Write a script to extract memos?
Is it possible to run a script on Android that would access the Samsung memo app, take each note in there, copy its content, send it somewhere (e.g. an email or just store in a text file) then delete the note?

Can something like that be done in Java/C++?

Is it necessary to write an android app for that?  Or is there a way to let a script written in Java, C++ or even Python run on my phone?

By the way, my device is a Samsung S6 and it is unrooted.

Title: Write a script to extract memos?


问:
Use high speed internet on hotspot
Today I discovered that my cellphone provider, with the excuse of "saving my high speed quota" throttles the speed of my internet connection whenever I use hotspot.

For work reasons, I need a high speed connection on the go. If that uses my GBs, that is fine, I am paying for that.

The disappointing part is that for my provider to know that I am using hotspot, the operative system (Android) has to reveal that information to them, otherwise the provider has no way to know whether the connections started in the phone or some other device under it.

Is there a way to avoid this differentiation of connections' origin, so I could use a high speed connection in the hotspot? In other words, to make it look that all connections are coming from the phone?

Title: Use high speed internet on hotspot


问:
Installing Charles proxy certificate on Samsung
I have a problem with Charles proxy certificate on Samsung phone. On Xiaomi everything works fine. But when I try to decrypt traffic on my Samsung device I can't do it - SSL handshake with client failed.

I downloaded it from chls.pro/ssl and added in Settings - Biometrics and security - Other security settings - Install from device storage. Not I can see it in User certificates and in View security certificates.

But still I can't decrypt HTTPS traffic. Maybe I'm missing something?

Update: everything works on Xiaomis with Android 6 & 11 and doesn't work on Samsungs with 8 & 11. So it's definitely not related to the OS version.


问:
Why is my android device rebooting after connected to bluetooth?
I have a Samsung Galaxy M11 wich after i connect it to bluetooth and trying to play audio on PC immediatelly restarts.This happens after i've made some software updates.First i updated the soft while being on Android 10,before this update it wasn't rebooting,and then i updated to Android 11 thinking it might fix the problem but it didn't.
Any ideas?</p>


问:
Error message: "no wi fi mac address"
I am trying to attach a smart power outlet on the smart phone app.  It updated the firmware and then tried to connect to wi-fi.  Nothing showed up in wi-fi and all I could do was add in a hidden network.  I tried adding in my network as a hidden network but it did not connect.  The only thing I have to go by is an error message indicating there is not a wi-fi mac address.

I am a newby, unlike the rest of you, so I am not sure what that means or how to fix it.  Is there anyone who has any ideas?  I really appreciate it, thanks.

Title: Error message: "no wi fi mac address"


问:
Google mobile data usage
In the last 2 months, my wife's data usage has ballooned for no clear reason, since her mobile habits and phone have not changed. In this billing cycle with a few days to go, the phone's mobile data usage utility shows what it states is "Google" used 3.12 gb out of a total of 4.06 gb. Everything else--Maps, Facebook, Spotify et al are distantly behind (nothing more than 0.24 gb). Background data usage is on and she will turn it off, following advice in other posts.

Is there any way of finding out what in Google is using all this mobile data?

Any recommendations on apps that can get more specific about what is using the data?

Thanks for any help.

David

Title: Google mobile data usage


问:
Trying to back up my phone data using ADB but having a lot of problems
I want to back up the data on my Samsung Galaxy 5 (particularly SMSs and Memo text documents). I'm trying to do it with Android Debug Bridge. I followed some online "help" pages but ran into all kinds of problems. I'm using Ubuntu, version: 20.04.2 LTS. Can somebody please walk me through this supposedly simple and straightforward process? I tried using another app, SmartSwitch, but couldn't get it to install on my PC.</p>


问:
How to add missing mobile hotspot quick setting toggle on MIUI second space?
Recently I noticed the second space in MIUI has been stripped of several handy settings and shortcuts, which is a back draw on an otherwise good feature.

I am looking for a way to add missing shortcuts on quick setting panel (without necessarily installing 3rd party application(s)). I already have a shortcut to the required setting i.e mobile hotspot, but I prefer a quick setting tile.

I want to achieve something similar to this: How to Restore the Mobile Data and Mobile Hotspot Quick Settings Toggles on Samsung Galaxy Devices but in this case for MIUI second space.

Note: settings get secure sysui_qs_tiles already has entry for hotspot tile, but it just doesn't appear in second space.

Automation solution is appreciated but should be toggle option on quick settings

The device is rooted, running on Android 9 miui.


问:
Why uninstalling system apps through ADB cause problems like battery drain?
I have an Android 10 phone (realme) which came preinstalled with a lot of bloatwares. Few days ago I used adb to uninstall a lot of apps, like the default browser, file manager, facebook bloatwares, gallery etc. But now I am facing a noticeable battery drain. So now, I am thinking of factory resetting the device to get back those system apps. But this time after resetting, I am thinking of disabling those apps instead of uninstalling.

Will disabling them also affect the device the same way as uninstalling them do? I mean will I again face battery drain if I instead disable them?

And also, will disabling them free up the storage as uninstalling them do?

How can uninstalling system apps cause battery drain? Are those apps really helpful for the device so that they cause harm to the device when uninstalled?


问:
Could not do normal boot. Invalid kernel
I actually don't know what happened to my dad's phone but I cannot get pass the Samsung logo. It shows a text in red saying Could not do normal boot. INVALID KERNEL.
I downloaded a new firmware from Sammobile.com and tried to flash but I get fails. I could really use a help. Images uploaded.

this is what shows when I tried to flash a new firmware (SM-A105F_XSG_A105FDDS6BUB1_A105FOJM6BUB1_A105FDDS6BUB1_A105FDDS6BUB1.zip) on it using Odin.

```<code>  <OSM> Enter CS for MD5..
<OSM> Check MD5.. Do not unplug the cable..
<OSM> Please wait..
<OSM> Checking MD5 finished Sucessfully..
<OSM> Leave CS..
<ID:0/013> Added!!
<OSM> Enter CS for MD5..
<OSM> Check MD5.. Do not unplug the cable..
<OSM> Please wait..
<OSM> Checking MD5 finished Sucessfully..
<OSM> Leave CS..
<OSM> Enter CS for MD5..
<OSM> Check MD5.. Do not unplug the cable..
<OSM> Please wait..
<OSM> Checking MD5 finished Sucessfully..
<OSM> Leave CS..
<OSM> Enter CS for MD5..
<OSM> Check MD5.. Do not unplug the cable..
<OSM> Please wait..
<OSM> Checking MD5 finished Sucessfully..
<OSM> Leave CS..
<ID:0/013> Odin engine v(ID:3.1203)..
<ID:0/013> File analysis..
<ID:0/013> SetupConnection..
<ID:0/013> Can't open the serial(COM) port.
<OSM> All threads completed. (succeed 0 / failed 1)
</code>```


问:
Is a nandroid backup possible with encrypted /data?
Years ago, I was able to make nandroids using CWM Recovery or TWRP. Is that possible on more modern versions of Android which encrypt /data by default?</p>


问:
Cannot find an installable/working stock Themes apk installer after accidentally uninstalling it
My device: Huawei Mate 10 Lite

ROM: RNE-L21C432B130.

Recovery: TWRP.

Rooted phone.

I accidentally uninstalled the Themes app (the theme setter, not the theme downloader).
The app was a Huawei's version and was installed as a system app.
I don't have a Huawei account and haven't tried pursuing the "update and get it from Huawei" way. I would prefer this as a last resort solution (IF that is a possible solution).

I have looked everywhere online for a working Theme app's apk installer but to no success. Most versions don't get installed. Some give errors when installed with TWRP, some get installed but crash on launch.
Is there a "universal" Themes app that works fine with most phones?
If no, how or where do I get and install the Huawei's Themes app on my phone?


问:
App knows I'm using fake GPS
I am using an android app, i was using fake gps app to show my location wrong. But now the app understands that I am using fake location app.

I'm using nox player on the computer, the app has its own fake gps feature. That way he doesn't understand. What can I do so that the app doesn't recognize that I'm using a fake location?

Title: App knows I'm using fake GPS


问:
In GBoard, how can I set multilingual input for English and Swiss German?
The majority of my phone useage happens in either English or Swiss German, and I switch between these languages frequently, even within the same conversation. In GBoard settings, I see the following multilingual options:

In the English keyboard settings: German

In the German keyboard settings: English

In the Swiss German keyboard settings: German

None of these allow me to have English+Swiss German multilingual support. Is there a way this can be achieved?


问:
Why 'ping localhost' command in Termux returns a normal response even though there is no local web server?
I just tried 'ping localhost'command in Termux and response was positive.
How this is possible since I don't have a local web server running.</p>


问:
Is it proper to format /data and /cache before running the LineageOS copy_partitions_script?
I've recently flashed LineageOS to my OnePlus6T by following the official guide on the Lineage website, I'm now writing a script I can run on my desktop which will perform the same procedure on a second device. In the official guide the instruction is to flash the provided script, which copies the content of the active partition slot onto the inactive slot:

In some cases slot b can be unpopulated or contain much older firmware
than slot a, leading to various issues including a potential
hard-brick. We can ensure none of that will happen by copying the
contents of slot a to slot b. This step is NOT optional.

My question is: is it proper/safe/optimal to wipe the userdata and cache partitions before flashing the copy_partitions_script? I can't see any reason why it wouldn't be and doing so would enable me to reduce the amount of interaction (read selecting things on the device) that the script would require. The official guide lists the data wipe as the next step after flashing the script, but it doesn't explicitly state that it must come after. Any insight would be much appreciated.


问:
Fixing bind mount on android 11 (Lineage OS)
On the lineage OS 18.1 there is my internal data somewhere but the OS has problem to mount it on sdcard and emulated/0 and has no access to the files. I can see my files by ls /data/media/0 command in adb shell.

Is there anyway to fix it.


问:
How to access "hidden area" of SD Card in Android 11?
I have an unrooted Samsung A50 with Android 11 and have developer options activated.

I switch off my phone and remove the sdcard. Afterwards I mount the sdcard in my computer.

After mounting, I can see more than 360 files in the following path of the sdcard:

```<code>/Android/data/de.ard.audiothek/files/audio
</code>```

Afterwards, I reinsert the sdcard in my phone and start it.

When I connect the computer with the phone, I cannot see any data below
/Android/data/
on the sdcard (everything else is visible).

If I use the most recent version of total commander on the phone and access the referring path

```<code>/storage/emulated/o/Android/data, there is a new link "-> Installed Apps".
</code>```

as mentioned in https://www.ghisler.ch/board/viewtopic.php?t=72778 , I can just see one audio file there.

Is there anything I can do (apart from rooting) to access these 360 files when the sdcard is in the running smartphone?


问:
What decides if WiFi sharing will work or fail?
Android 11, Mobile hotspot, under advanced, has an option called "Wi-Fi sharing", where it says "Share your phone's Wi-Fi connection in addition to mobile data".

I've switched this on, set the phone to have WiFi on and mobile data off, and then switched mobile hotspot on. But it immediately comes up and says "The current Wi-Fi network can't be shared using Mobile Hotspot. Mobile data will be used instead."

If I click OK, I see I have WiFi still on, mobile data still off, and I'm surprised to find I can connect to this mobile hotspot, and reach the internet with it. (In fact this question is being sent over it...)

My question was going to be what kind of WiFi network will this work on, and that is still my main question, so I can guess when it might work in the wild (*). But I'm also quite curious why I got an error message telling me it won't work when it actually does. I am running a VPN on the phone - could that be what confused it?

*: Main use-case I can think of is when you pay for WiFi at a hotel but they limit to you to N devices; or free WiFi which involves a tedious signup process for each device.


问:
Location of android browsers' (Chrome and Brave) open tabs
virtually all android browsers remember and load all my open tabs every time I open whatever browser I want to use.

Where is this file browsers use to reload all open tabs when restarting? Is there a way to access to it at all, even if it implies having to root my device?

Any way to export or create a list of open tabs in the form of links?

Device is huawei mediapad m5 lite

SO is EMUI 8.0.0. a equivalent to android oreo 8.0

Thanks


问:
When I turn on tethering on my mobile, my phone stops having access to internet
I have recently changed carriers and never had this problem before. I havent changed anything yet but the new carrier claims I should be able to use both (1) pc connected over wifi to hotspot on my phone, 2)my phone as usual). But as soon as I enable 'wifi hotspot' on my Samsung Note 10, newest Android, all of a sudden I cant get email/notifications/data on my phone, until I disconnect. Then everything arrives.</p>


问:
How can I connect to a specific access point in a group having the same SSID?
I'm on Android 10 and I have a WiFi network with multiple access points, each one with 2.4 and 5 GHz, everything with the same SSID to let the phones pick the best one.

However android has a too low threshold for switching network: sometimes the signal is poor because I'm still connected to the same AP even if I moved around, while a much stronger signal would be available.

With the app "WiFi connection manager" I can list all access points within a WiFi network but by clicking on one the connection fails. I think it's an issue with Android 10, since this was exactly the point of the app, together with automatic switching according to custom rules.

The only workaround I found is to manually disable and enable again the WiFi, which results in a connection to the strongest access point, which is nevertheless not the best one, since the 5 GHz network from each access point is often a bit weaker power-wise, but it would nevertheless grant much higher speed.

Is there a way to connect to a specific access point, which implies also specific frequency?

No root privileges available, android 10 stock.


问:
Camera stream rotation on the platform level
In the Quectel SC600Y board, I have a camera sensor (OV4188) that is mounted 90°CCW in relation to the device's default screen orientation, therefore, the stream that is displayed is also rotated 90°CCW. On the registry level, the sensor allows only to flip and mirror the stream but it doesn't allow for rotations. I could solve this problem by rotating the preview on the android application level, however, this is quite a performance costly task that I would rather avoid.

Is there a configuration that would allow to rotate the stream on the android platform level? (I believe that it would be less performance costly than rotation on the android application level) Any tips and hints will be highly appreciated.


问:
MIUI: Turn off auto flash off feature with power button
My Device: POCO M2 Pro

Useless Feature: If flashlight is on and screen is turned off, then pressing the power button will turn off the flashlight first instead of waking the screen.

My Question: How to disable this feature? It is set like this by default and there are no settings to change it.

If my screen is off, I can't turn it on when my phone's flashlight is being used for some purpose where a temporary cut off from light source would be a problem.

Disabling MIUI optimisations and then doing something is not preferred. Double tap to wake screen gestures etc. are not solutions to my problem. What if I press the power button accidentally!

Thank you in advance. Any suggestions are welcome.


问:
How do I disable Real-Time Text (RTT) once enabled?
I have a OnePlus 8 5G UW from Verizon. At one point soon after I got the phone I was exploring features and I hit the RTT icon during a call. That turned on the on-screen keyboard so I could type rather than talk. I don't need that feature and now I cannot figure out how to turn it off. Many of my phone calls result in that RTT screen turning on and it doesn't turn off if I hold the phone to my ear, it makes it harder to get to other call features, and the disconnect button is located such that I hit it with my cheek and lose the call.

I've looked in the settings for Real-Time Text (RTT). It shows as "on" in the top level menu and the only options for changing it are:

RTT Operation Mode

Visible during calls [checked]

Always visible (Manual)

Always visible (Automatic)

Does not seem to matter which of those I pick, it will still show up for many calls. There is no "Off" option and if I select "Visible during calls" it does not uncheck the option. When I make a call I don't get the original screen with the easy access to call features, like the keypad and the RTT mode, so I can't try to toggle it off.

Any idea how to turn this off or disable it entirely?

[Update] I've switched it to manual mode. Now every single phone call it asks me if I want an RTT call or a voice call. I pick voice and I get the regular call screen. Annoying every time I make a phone call but it seems that you can't force this feature off once it's turned on.


问:
Blocked numbers' calls still come through
I am currently under assailance of incredibly pestidious telemarketers that call me at the top of every hour, to the point of having literally ripped out a tuft of hair from my head.

I block all the numbers, but they keep changing the numbers they come from.

However sometimes I still get calls from those blocked numbers, they ring the phone, and when I go to block them, I see it's already blocked, and that indeed that number had called me before!

There are so many numbers I have lost track and count, so I'm not sure if it's just 1 bugged number or a variety of them.

I have tried unblocking and blocking again, to no avail.


问:
Checking if my second hand Android phone is safe: am I right?
First of all, I know that this question has been asked before, but I'd like to hear if the way I'm checking my "new" phone is safe. I know I'm probably overthinking things, but I just would like to know.

So, to get to the point: it's a second hand, but very recent OPPO (2021) running ColorOS 11.1 (which I was able to update to the latest July security patch).

I did a factory reset

I did a reset via Recovery mode

"OEM Unlock" is OFF

Root checker apps say it's NOT rooted

Safety Net status: passed

The phone is Play Protect certified

I'm able to install banking apps and activate Google Pay
The official ROM for this phone isn't available online (I contacted support), so I can't reflash it myself.

The last time I used Android was before 2016, when it still was possible to install tracking software that could survive a reset... and as it's my first second hand phone, I'm just overthinking things, but want to know.

So: with all the info above, is it possible that the previous owner flashed malicious software that could survive the resets I did? Or is it no longer possible on Android nowadays (considering the info above)?

Thanks a lot in advance!


问:
Why is there not a utility which builds lineage OS for different devices?
I've been using Ubuntu on different old computer hardware of mine, and it's wonderful how easy it is to install and how portable it is between different devices.

I have an 8-year old Samsung Android tablet which no longer receives updates, so using the internet on this device is a security risk. I assumed that I would be able to install a non-manufacturer specific version of Android on my tablet, and that this would be comparatively easy as installing Ubuntu on a computer.

So I had a look around and I found lineage OS, and I was surprised to see that it's very much device specific (and unfortunately for me there are no recent builds for my device). I did a little reading into why this is, and I've understood from this that there are two main reasons why it's not to possible to install a single version of lineage OS on many different devices, and that the builds must be device specific. My understanding is that firstly the machine language that processors use varies more across Android devices than it does in desktop and laptop CPUs, and secondly that SoC architectures do not come with a BIOS, which is necessary to inform the installer binary what hardware exists on the chip.

My question is about the second part of the problem to do with the BIOS; it seems to me that this is a straightforward problem to solve. I envisage a utility on my computer which recognises my Android device like how adb does. This utility could then get the hardware setup that exists on my device, either by directly interacting with the phone if this is possible, or by referencing the device's model number against some online database and downloading the information from there. The utility would then be set up to compile lineage OS based on the information that it now has about my device, and I can then copy over the device specific binary and install. That is, the compilation process is moved from a set of different developers who provide support for specific devices, down to a user friendly utility which builds a device specific OS.

So my question is, has this idea been considered? I'm pretty certain this utility doesn't already exist, so then I would also ask, what are the main reasons that would make this difficult to implement?

(and I guess I have a secondary question which is; have I correctly understood this problem? Perhaps I'm missing something in understanding why lineage OS builds are device specific. If this is the case, I would appreciate having this explained in more detail)


问:
What are correct file permissions?
My phone is a Sony Ericsson Xperia X8, and I'm using CyanogenMod. There is an app called ROM Manager included in CyanogenMod, and I found an option 'Fix permission' there. I shouldn't have used this: I had no problems before but I have some now. During the fixing process I got a lot Force close dialogs, and after next reboot the phone had reset to the default CyanogenMod home screen configuration, default options for many programs, and default network parameter. I also got some more Force close dialogs.

I have a backup done a week ago, but I really installed a lot during the week, so I don't want to lose it all. I hope there's a way to recover current situation.

I tried this through adb shell:

```<code>chmod -R 755 /data/data
chmod -R 744 /system/app
</code>```

but it didn't help.

I even tried this stupid idea:

```<code>chmod -R 777 /
</code>```

but it made even worse: after reboot, my phone forgot even my Google account and offered to reconfigure it as if it was the first time I switch the phone after buying it.

Can somebody tell me which file/directory permissions could ROM Manager change and how should I restore them to make everything work? Currently I have a backup made immediately after I discovered the problem.

UPDATE: This fix_permissions.sh didn't work for me.

Title: What are correct file permissions?


问:
How do I preview a PDF document link on Chrome Android like I do on the chrome on a computer?
Whenever we open a PDF document link on a computer browser, we have a preview and then we decide if we want to download. But, when using a smartphone browser, the file is downloaded automatically. How to have a PDF preview inside the android browser?</p>


问:
Will a wireless usb keyboard work with android smartphone
I have a samsung A10 android 10 smartphone. I intend to buy a On The Go USB adapter and plug in the Keyboard adapter that is usually connected to my laptop so i can use my wireless keyboard and mouse with my smartphone, will the android OS recognize and accept this operation, Thank You for your time and effort</p>

OwnerDisplayName: Coder Timothy


问:
Bootloop after rebooting the system (Android 7)
I have a TRT-LX2 phone, I recently performed a system update and after that my phone booted perfectly. But when I tried restart it again into recovery (I've installed TWRP before updating) it did not boot up and loops. Then I tried to boot it normally, it also loops!

After 12 attempts, the phone was booted into recovery and I restored the backup (which is the previous version of the system). But it still loops!

Finally I connected the phone with the PC and extracted the backup file but I did not see any boot image!

Can I recover my phone now? (Or, I've buy a new one?)


问:
Is there a way to search for contacts with special characters in their name?
I have a Pixel 3. Some of my contacts have special characters in their name, e.g. "&". When I search for these contacts nothing comes up (nothing from my contacts, it will display some results, as far as I can tell they are results from the local caller ID lists).</p>


问:
Redmi Note 8 locked, need help with unlocking/backup
I need help regarding a Redmi Note 8 that no longer accepts the correct pattern and is locked.

I'm looking for a solution that would allow me to either unlock my phone without data loss, or make a backup of the phone's internal storage on an sd card/pc before hard resetting.

The device is not rooted and I don't have custom recovery installed. USB Debugging is on, but my laptop is not authorized. Bootloader is locked.

With Adb, the device is detected but unauthorized. It seems to be detected normally in fastboot mode. I was able to get my laptop to detect it in recovery mode by clicking on "Connect with MIAssistant" while it was plugged in, but only in sideload mode. I also somehow managed to get into safe mode, but I used the stock screen lock, so unless there's something else that can be done in that mode, it doesn't seem useful in this situation.

I tried the actual MIAssistant software but it tells me to update my device before connecting. From what I found, this is because it doesn't even work with phones running Android 6.0 Marshmallow or above, so that seems to be a dead-end, unfortunately. Downloaded from here, updated to version 3.2.1.3111. If there's a newer version that could support my device, even an untranslated one, I would love to know, but I couldn't find a working one.

I had some ideas that could potentially solve my problem, but couldn't find a way to actually execute them, so here they are in case someone out there who knows more than me could help me with one of them.

1, Is there any way I could authorize my laptop for USB Debugging without being able to accept the prompt on screen?

2, Is there a way to make a backup of the internal storage of my phone in fastboot/sideload mode?

3, Is there a way to get adb to detect this device normally in recovery mode, instead of in sideload mode?

4, Is there a way to get my device into mtp/ptp mode instead of charging mode when connected to a PC without USB Debugging so I can copy my files?

5, Here's a thread I found that seems promising, although it's old. Could I somehow use this, or a similar method on Redmi Note 8? The Recovery Mode is much more limiting on this device, unfortunately, so I can't exactly follow this tutorial. Are there alternatives that can be done in adb fastboot/sideload mode, perhaps?

6, I have tried following these instructions, but after step 8, I got the message FAILED (remote: Fastboot boot command is not available in locked device). I assume this mean this method no longer works on a locked bootlocker. Is there a workaround for this?

7, If I am forced to hard reset, is there any method or software out there that could recover at least some of the deleted data afterwards, or is everything lost in case of a reset?

I am open to new ideas not listed above, as well. I am not a very advanced user so I probably missed some things.

Thank you so much for any answer in advance!


问:
How do I make my android ROM auto-mounts and activate a swap partition in my sd card?
I have created a swap partition via GNOME Disks in my SD Card and I found that my Android system doesn't detect it until I used Aparted to activate it but still It is not persistent after a reboot and I don't know how to recognize the path of my swap partition according to Android But I knew the path of my SD card via Aparted: /dev/block/mmcblk1 so I don't know how to modify fstab.qcom for permanently using the swap partition in my SD card.


问:
Implementing Dynamic Partitions instead AB systems
Is there an easy way to implement dynamic partitions for the oneplus 7 or any other phone built in with AB partitions system
I want to support super.img to be able to test CGI images without the need for full wipe</p>


问:
Xiaomi 11 Ultra - rear display for vlogging
How I can see myself during video recording on Xiaomi 11 Ultra rear display ?

Is there any app which supports it or I have to wait until Xiaomi implements it.

I have Chinesse ROM. Ready to do anything to get it. Thank you!


问:
How do I enable zRAM with the highest priority in Android persistently?
I want to know how to use the /dev/block/zram0 in full power, but I can't apply the command swapon -p 32767 /dev/block/zram0 as it returns this:

swapon: Couldn't swapon '/dev/block/zram0': Device or resource busy

So how do I modify the actual zram's line I have in fstab.qcomto change priority?

/dev/block/zram0                                        none

swap    defaults

zramsize=3221223823,max_comp_streams=8,zram_backingdev_size=512M


问:
How do I save my Redmi Note 8/4GB from app discards?
I am a power user and I mostly switch a lot between apps, so I don't like discarding.

I use a custom ROM which is less heavy than MIUI ROM yet Still my background apps take a lot of memory that multitasking without discarding is not possible even with 4GB + 2GB zRAM I have.

Do you know any workaround for this without buying a new phone nor sacrificing apps, knowing that when I run cpuinfo in terminal: It doesn't show swp in features, so I don't think the swap will work out of the box with me and using a swap partition in my SD card will make the phone slow also except if there is a way to partition the internal storage or /data.


问:
Android reports file sizes different than windows
Android and windows report different file sizes for the same files. why is that?

Looking at two video files, on device both the Gallery and file manager report a certain size, but browsing to those files on Windows 10 (USB connected)- shows they're significantly smaller

Vid A

Android: 2.289GB

Windows: 2.13 GB (2,294,649,056 bytes)

Difference: +7.46% on Android

Vid B

Android: 394MB

Windows: 375 MB (393,532,962 bytes)

Difference: +5.1% on Android

Windows shows more specificity, so I assume it's correct.
Is android just approximating? 5-7% seems like a pretty big difference to me.

Phone: LG G7, Android 9

Windows: 10 Build 19042


问:
no IPV6 via Mobile Hotspot
I have two Android phones. Same hardware model, one with android 10 and the other with 11.
Both phones connect to the same telco.
On both phones I can browse to test-ipv6.com and get a 10/10 indicating IPV6 on each handset is working.
I then enable mobile hotspot and test from my laptop.
Via the android 10 phone the laptop receives a V6 IP and the above website reports a 10/10 from the laptop
Via the android 11 phone, the laptop does not get a V6 IP, and the above website report 0/10.

I have looked though as many settings on Android 11 handset as I can, and scoured the internet for ideas but I cannot determine why a V6 IP is not allocated from the 11 handset.

Ideas?

Title: no IPV6 via Mobile Hotspot


问:
ES File Explorer - Space not freed after deletion from Recycle Bin
Every few months, my internal storage begins to fill up.

I store everything I can to SD Card, but Android has a limited ability to do so.  I'm running Oreo, unrooted.

The biggest dir by far is /storage/emulated/0/DCIM/.thumbnails/, which can stand around 3.1GB for some reason.  I used ES File Explorer to delete it, then went to the Recycle Bin in the app and emptied it.  The 3GB was not freed-up.

I've restarted my phone several times, looked around for residual files, could not find LOST.dir.  I'm honestly at a loss.  Where did it go?

How can I get the OS to free up this space?
What better way can I use to get rid of this stuff?


问:
How do I upgrade my Alcatel Idol 4s (6070O) from Android 6.0.1 to a newer firmware?
I have an old Alcatel Idol 4s laying around which is on Android 6.0.1 and I was wondering if there's any way to upgrade it to Android 7 or 8? I tried every single method I could find but no luck. Almost every single method needs a rooted device (which I also couldn't find a solution for), I even tried using the Alcatel Mobile Upgrade Tool but it gave me a prompt saying there's no update available, and obviously, I couldn't find any software updates in the settings as well, so I need help.</p>


问:
is it possible to replace the bootloader firmware to unlock a 64bits cpu?
Sm-j700m cpu is arm64 but only allows 32bits android on it.

From here: https://www.reddit.com/r/LineageOS/comments/p9p3s3/comment/h9zan52/

I thought that, if the bootloader could be replaced or tweaked (change some bytes on it), it could allow 64bits android (lineage os 64bits build) to be installed on it.

But these are the only clues i got til now, any tips? Can it be done? Is there some software for that device, or other devices, that could do that on that device?

Related? Unlocking bootloader to change rom or firmware


问:
Blur of the last app appears on screen
I've watched a physics video and I realized it is still showing part of screen. Why it originates?
Edit :
screenshot doesn't include the blur of the last video Ive watched

Title: Blur of the last app appears on screen


问:
Cannot remove google account from Samsung android phone. Remove button greyed out
I cannot remove my google account from my android phone. Samsung XCover 4s Android 10.

This is a work phone and I only used my account to download whatsapp for work communication group.

I have deleted whatapp App.  I understand how to go to  -settings -account-tap on the gmail address I want to remove.  The problem is the Remove button is greyed out and diabled.

I can sign out of this device out from my laptop but all my contacts remain on the phone and my google account still on the phone.

I have tried clearing data in playstore, google etc.  I have signed in, signed out.  Sync ON then OFF.  I keep going back and the button is still not activated.

I really need help with this.  It is a privacy issue.


问:
Phone Stolen- I removed my google account from the device, any way to still remote wipe?
I should have tried to erase the phone before removing the account from the phone, but was too hasty.  I've changed all my passwords, but can the thief still see all my old emails and messages?

Is there any way I can still remote wipe this phone?


问:
How to force use the front camera when the rear camera is not working?
I have Samsung Galaxy J4+ (SM-J415F). When I try the stock Camera app and also more than 10 camera apps from Play Store, all of them crashed. The rear camera is showing null, but the front camera is normal.

Is there a way I can only use the front camera?


问:
Getting a ton of notifications when going back from airplane mode
When I disable airplane mode, I get all notifications for events that occurred while the phone had been offline. Typically that would be a couple of hundred Facebook messenger messages. The phone sounds like a machine gun for a while when it plays the notification sound repeatedly.

Is there a way to turn that off?


问:
Bridge phones mobile data internet connection to a wifi network without internet connection

I want to know if it is possible to basically bridge the mobile data connection of my phone to a wifi network I am connected to, where the wifi network does not have a connection to the internet, so that the devices on the wifi network can use the mobile data connection of the phone to access the internet.

I do not want to use a hotspot which is provided by the phone, since I would like this to work automatically whenever I get in range of a device on the wifi network and I don't want to have the phones hotspot constantly enabled...

So basically I want to use the phone as a internet connection for a wifi network hosted by a different device.

So the phone would be the gateway/nat for the wifi network, which is hosted by a different device.

Is there a way to do this on android?
And if so, then how?

I know that it is possible on windows, since you can set a network device to use the computers internet connection...


问:
Difference between factory reset and forgotten password erase all data
Is there a difference between performing a reset from recovery mode, or clicking on the forgotten password button on the locked screen, which offers to "erase all data"? I assume there isn't, but I wanted to be sure.
I don't know if this is useful information or not but I have a Redmi Note 8.

Thanks!

Update: Clicking on the "Next" button on the forgot password screen that informs me it will delete all data just shows instructions on how to get into recovery mode, so it turns out there aren't actually two ways to reset this device in case of forgotten password like it seemed.


问:
Installing an app (.apk file) from the native Android HTMLViewer 8.1
I have a tablet that's locked up pretty good (Android 8.1). Locked bootloader, managed android OS, proprietary apps, etc... I'm trying to see if I can get an app to install on it. One way I've thought of is through the Android HTMLViewer (version 8.1).

The tablet has a help file that's HTML, which opens with HTMLViewer. So I tried throwing an apk file in the same directory, and seeing if I could modify the help.html file with an anchor tag that points to the apk.

I've tried the following:

```<code>download

download

download

download
</code>```

Each one gives that same result. The viewer simply tries to parse the file and gives me a huge jumble of whacky characters.

I thought about writing a small script in Javascript utilizing the FileReader object, such as this.

However, I'm quite certain that HTML viewer is so slimmed down, it probably doesn't support this object. It is compatible with jquery, so I suppose there is some hope for this.

Any ideas on how I could tweak this to accomplish my goal would be greatly appreciated.

Body:
I have a tablet that's locked up pretty good (Android 8.1). Locked bootloader, managed android OS, proprietary apps, etc... I'm trying to see if I can get an app to install on it. One way I've thought of is through the Android HTMLViewer (version 8.1).

The tablet has a help file that's HTML, which opens with HTMLViewer. So I tried throwing an apk file in the same directory, and seeing if I could modify the help.html file with an anchor tag that points to the apk.

I've tried the following:

```<code><a href="test.apk">download</a>

<a href="test.apk" download>download</a>

<a href="test.apk" type="application/vnd.android.package-archive">download</a>

<a href="test.apk" type="application/vnd.android.package-archive" download>download</a>
</code>```

Each one gives that same result. The viewer simply tries to parse the file and gives me a huge jumble of whacky characters.

I thought about writing a small script in Javascript utilizing the FileReader object, such as this.

However, I'm quite certain that HTML viewer is so slimmed down, it probably doesn't support this object. It is compatible with jquery, so I suppose there is some hope for this.

Any ideas on how I could tweak this to accomplish my goal would be greatly appreciated.


问:
adb shell input key event : perform a toggle button on off action
Questions

How do   I in Android 10 toggle  on /off the hotspot using adb

Su switch on / off for shell- How do I turn on Magisk manager &&  goto security options  && there  turn on / off the option to grant su to  shell. (see attached screenshot ) using adb

This question is here since it pertains to programabiliy  of  Android not an admin question.

So far

Using this guide I can using this commmand come to the point of  simulating the action of entering hotspot settings

```<code>  adb shell am start -n com.android.settings/.TetherSettings
</code>```

Hoever after that i am left with a situation that needs to perform a toggle switch on to turn on my Hostpot and in case of Magisk Manager I Need to get inside and then go to security options and turn off Su for Shell . How can above both be accomplished


问:
Oppo A15 mobile phone not detected memory card
I've an oppo A15 mobile phone. I purchased a new Toshiba 16gb micro sdhc flash memory card.BUT PHONE'S NOT DETECTED MEMORY CARD AT ALL?
I tried all file browser's but it seems obvious that it's actually going to need to be registered/somehow?</p>


问:
How to add a virtual/mock camera device internally/externally to android 11+ and set it as the default camera?
I need a virtual camera to override the system camera on android 11+ phone to stream frames that are sourced from an image file. Basically injecting image into the camera device.

I need it to test camera functionality on mobile native apps/webapps.
I would have easily done it with a custom camera app before Android 11 but now it isn't possible. See link!

Assume that I have both root access and unlocked bootloader on my phone.

Any Ideas?

Ideas that I was thinking of:

Emulating a external USB camera to feed only an image: But how do I set it as a system camera?

Adding a loopback device as a kernel module and makng it the default camera device. https://github.com/umlaeute/v4l2loopback