There are 38 cycad species indigenous to South Africa (37 Encephalartos spp. and Stangeria eriopus T. ... Three endemic species (Encephalartos brevifoliolatus Vorster, Encephalartos nubimontanus P.J.H. Hurter and Encephalartos woodii Sander) are Extinct in the Wild (EW) (Raimondo et al., 2009).