The Kraków pogrom of August 11 , 1945 , was the first anti-Jewish riot in postwar Poland , resulting in the shooting death of one woman , Róża Berger , who was hiding from the security forces behind closed doors . A single shot was fired at a locking mechanism which shattered , piercing her body . The immediate cause for the disturbance was a rumour spread by a young hooligan ( who later claimed to have been tricked into it ) that the corpses of Christian children were hidden at the Kupa Synagogue . During the riot , Jews were attacked in Kazimierz , and other parts of the Old Town . Fire was set in Kupa Synagogue . In total , 145 suspects were arrested including 40 militiamen and 6 soldiers of the WP . In September and October 1945 some 25 of them were charged and 10 of them were sentenced to prison . Shortly after the Kielce pogrom , violence against Jews in Poland had ceased entirely
Kraków pogrom
Kraków pogrom
Anti-Jewish violence in Poland, 1944–1946