Although relations between Poles and the West Ukrainian People 's Republic were antagonistic , those between the Republic and its Jewish citizens was generally neutral or positive . Deep-seated rivalries existed between the Jewish and Polish communities , and anti-Semitism , particularly supported by the Polish National Democratic Party , became a feature of Polish national ideology . As a result , many Jews came to consider Polish independence as the least desirable option following the First World War . In contrast to the antagonistic position taken by Polish authorities towards Jews , the Ukrainian government actively supported Jewish cultural and political autonomy as a way of promoting its own legitimacy . The Western Ukrainian government guaranteed Jewish cultural and national autonomy , provided Jewish communities with self-governing status , and promoted the formation of Jewish national councils which , with the approval of the Western Ukrainian government , established the Central Jewish National Council in December 1918 to represent Jewish interests in relation to the Ukrainian government and to the Western allies . The Council of Ministers of the West Ukrainian National Republic bought Yiddish-language textbooks and visual aids for Jewish schools and provided assistance to Jewish victims of the Polish pogrom in Lviv . The Ukrainian press maintained a friendly attitude towards the West Ukrainian Republic 's Jewish citizens . Their Hebrew and Yiddish schools , cultural institutions and publishers were allowed to function without interference . Reflecting the republic 's demographics , approximately one-third of the seats in the national parliament were reserved for the national minorities ( Poles , Jews , Slovaks and others ) . The Poles boycotted the elections , while the Jews , despite declaring their neutrality in the Polish-Ukrainian conflict , participated and were represented by approximately 10 percent of the delegates . Localized anti-Jewish assaults and robberies by Ukrainian peasants and soldiers , while far fewer in number and less brutal than similar actions by Poles , occurred between January and April 1919 . The government publicly condemned such actions and intervened in defence of the Jewish community , imprisoning and even executing perpetrators of such crimes . The government also respected Jewish declared neutrality during the Polish-Ukrainian conflict . By the orders of Yevhen Petrushevych it was forbidden to mobilize Jews against their will or to otherwise force them to contribute to the Ukrainian military effort . In an effort to aid Western Ukraine 's economy , the Western Ukrainian government granted concessions to Jewish merchants
Polish pogrom in Lviv
Lwów pogrom (1918)
West Ukrainian People's Republic