It was estimated in 2017 that hundreds of Indonesians went to Syria or Iraq to fight for ISIL before returning to Indonesia . The returning individuals are placed through a deradicalization program by the National Agency for Combating Terrorism , and are put on a watchlist for the agency and local governments alike . Several terrorist attacks , such as the Thamrin attacks , were orchestrated by the returnees or local extremists who pledged alliance to ISIL
Thamrin attacks
2016 Jakarta attacks
Surabaya bombings