PLO attacks from Lebanon into Israel in 1977 and 1978 escalated tensions between the countries . On 11 March 1978 , eleven Fatah fighters landed on a beach in northern Israel and proceeded to hijack two buses full of passengers on the Haifa – Tel-Aviv road , shooting at passing vehicles in what became known as the Coastal Road massacre . They killed 37 and wounded 76 Israelis before being killed in a firefight with Israeli forces . Israel invaded Lebanon four days later in Operation Litani . The Israeli Army occupied most of the area south of the Litani River . The UN Security Council passed Resolution 425 calling for immediate Israeli withdrawal and creating the UN Interim Force in Lebanon ( UNIFIL ) , charged with attempting to establish peace
Coastal Road massacre
Coastal Road massacre
Lebanese Civil War