The Treaty of Paris ( 1856 ) ended the conflict , frustrating at the same time any hopes of Circassian independence . The Circassians remained politically divided and when Mohammed Amin replaced Zanuko as the new governor , the two sides fought a second battle this time on the Sup river . An intervention of tribal elders led to compromise , when the two leaders agreed to jointly travel to Constantinople and have the sultan settle the dispute . However Zanuko broke his oath and remained in Circassia . Zanuko was in fact following secret Ottoman orders as he was tasked with supervising the withdrawal of the Ottoman army from the region during the course of June . He then resettled to the Shapsykhua river , destroyed the port of Tuapse to prevent Amin 's supporters from using it as a supply route and called for the latter 's assassination . During the second half of the year Zanuko attempted to negotiate a peace treaty with the Russians . In January 1857 , a sanguine battle between Zanuko 's and Amin 's forces took place in Tuapse , Zanuko 's son Karabatir emerged victorious . Russian intelligence was well aware of the British and Ottoman involvement in the affairs of the Caucasus . In May 1857 , Amin was invited to Constantinople and immediately arrested , and exiled to Damascus , a move previously planned by the imperial Majlis in an effort to improve relations with Russia . At the same time shipments of arms and ammunition to the rebels were halted . Zanuko died in Shapsugh on 1 January 1860 , oblivious to the change in Ottoman policy . He was buried in the Vordobgach valley . Karabatir succeeded him as the leader of Circassian resistance . The Russo-Circassian War officially ended on 2 June 1864 , the Circassian genocide was to follow .
Circassian genocide
Circassian genocide
Sefer Bey Zanuko