An estimated 12,000 – 20,000 women were raped , most of them Bosniak . This has been referred to as " Mass rape " , particularly with regard to the coordinated use of rape as a weapon of war by members in the VRS and Bosnian Serb police . For the first time in judicial history , the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia ( ICTY ) declared that " systematic rape " , and " sexual enslavement " in time of war was a crime against humanity , second only to the war crime of genocide . Rape was most systematic in Eastern Bosnia ( e.g. during campaigns in Foča and Višegrad ) , and in Grbavica during the siege of Sarajevo . Women and girls were kept in various detention centres where they had to live in intolerably unhygienic conditions and were mistreated in many ways including being repeatedly raped . A notorious example was " Karaman 's house " in Foča . Common complications among surviving women and girls include psychological , gynaecological and other physical disorders , as well as unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases
Višegrad
Višegrad massacres
Bosnian War