It was estimated that the Union 's Muslim population in 2009 was 13 million people . The country with the largest number of Muslims in western Europe is believed to be France with an estimated 6 – 7 million ( though the French census does not ask religious questions ) followed by Germany ( 4.5 million ) , the United Kingdom ( 2.7 million ) and Italy ( 1.5 million ) . Aside from Turkey , the other possible future member to have a majority of Muslims are Albania and Bosnia , although other Balkan states like Montenegro and Macedonia also have sizeable Muslim populations . Kosovo is also a Muslim majority area . A series of clashes and incidents connected to the religion have occurred in recent years , including : the murder of Theo van Gogh , the 2004 Madrid train bombings , the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy , and the 7 July 2005 London bombings . In response to extremism , some figures , such as Justice Freedom & Security Commissioner Franco Frattini , have suggested creating a " European Islam " – a branch of the Islamic faith that is compatible with European values
2004 Madrid train bombings
2004 Madrid train bombings
Religion in the European Union