The Nazi occupation of Dubno began on June 25 , 1941 . During Passover of 1942 , a large ghetto was created in the city . The ghetto included the local Jewish population as well as many refugees from other parts of Poland who had fled east . Within the Dubno ghetto , all Jews were identified by the Star of David on an armband . With 12,000 people in a small area , the ghetto became overcrowded and hunger/sickness were abundant . After October 24 , 1942 , the Jewish community ceased to exist . Most of the local Jews ( roughly 12,000 , that is 59 % of pre-war inhabitants of the town ) were killed in The Holocaust . They were shot in mass executions by the SS Einsatzgruppe outside of the city . A detailed description of the mass murder was given by Hermann Friedrich Graebe at the Nuremberg trials . A young German officer of the German Infanterieregiment 9 , Axel von dem Bussche , witnessed the executions and reacted by joining the resistance movement against Hitler . Around 300 Jews managed to survive the massacres
The Holocaust
The Holocaust
Dubno