The British , while not approving of a separate Muslim homeland , appreciated the simplicity of a single voice to speak on behalf of India 's Muslims . To preserve India 's unity the British arranged the Cabinet Mission Plan . According to this plan India would be kept united but would be heavily decentralised with separate groupings of autonomous Hindu and Muslim majority provinces . The Muslim League accepted this plan as it contained the ' essence ' of Pakistan but the Congress rejected it . After the failure of the Cabinet Mission Plan , Jinnah called for Muslims to observe Direct Action Day to demand the creation of a separate Pakistan . Direct Action Day morphed into violent riots between Hindus and Muslims in Calcutta . The riots in Calcutta were followed by intense communal rioting in Noakhali , Bihar , Garhmukteshwar and Rawalpindi
Noakhali
Noakhali riots
History of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan