In the 12th century , Benjamin of Tudela described Andernach as one of the 13 on the Rhine with important Jewish communities . Jewish residents in Andernach were first mentioned in the Köln archives in 1255 . The Jewish community was periodically persecuted during the 13th to 15th centuries . On 3 August 1287 Archbishop Siegfried II of Westerburg issued a protection decree for the town Jews from the local Burghers . Persecutions occurred especially during the 14th century by the Arnold von Uissigheim " Armleder " persecutions and in 1348 – 1349 , as a result of the Black Death Jewish persecutions . It appears as if between the 15th and the 19th centuries no Jews lived in Andernach . In 1860 , a new Jewish community was founded in Andernach . Its cemetery , dated to 1888 , is part of the city cemetery on KoblenzerStrasse . On Kristallnacht in 1938 , the town synagogue was set on fire and most of the young men were taken to Dachau . At least 11 Jews who used to live in Andernach died during the Holocaust , and no Jews lived in Andernach after 1945 . Several sites commemorate the history of Jewish community of Andernach . An ancient Jewish Mikveh , dated to the 13th century , is one of the oldest ones in Europe and can be found under the old town house , built in the 16th century close to the site where the synagogue stood . The Mikveh can be visited
Kristallnacht
Kristallnacht
Andernach