As World War II drew to its end , U.S. troops under General George Patton occupied the western part of Saxony in April 1945 , while Soviet troops occupied the eastern part . That summer , the entire state was handed over to Soviet forces as agreed in the London Protocol of September 1944 . Britain , the US , and the USSR then negotiated Germany 's future at the Potsdam Conference . Under the Potsdam Agreement , all German territory East of the Oder-Neisse line was annexed by Poland and the Soviet Union , and , unlike in the aftermath of World War I , the annexing powers were allowed to expel the inhabitants . During the following three years , Poland and Czechoslovakia forcibly expelled German-speaking people from their territories , and some of these expellees came to Saxony . Only a small area of Saxony lying east of the Neisse River and centred around the town of Reichenau ( now called Bogatynia ) , was annexed by Poland . The Soviet Military Administration in Germany ( SVAG ) merged that very small part of the Prussian province of Lower Silesia that remained in Germany with Saxony
Potsdam Conference
Potsdam Conference
Saxony