At the time of the raid , Fascist Italy had not yet adopted a policy of persecution against the Jews in the country . This only followed in late November 1943 , after the Congress of Verona and the issuing of RSI Police Order No. 5 on 30 November 1943 , a month and a half after the raid on the Ghetto . During the last eight months of the German occupation , the Jews of Rome continued to live in hiding , under constant threat of arrest and deportation , until the liberation of the city by the Allies on 4 June 1944 . In total , a quarter of the Jewish population of Rome – over 2,000 people – was deported , of which only 102 survived the Holocaust . Additionally , another 75 Roman Jews were murdered in the Ardeatine massacre , when 335 civilians were executed as a reprisal for a bombing attack on SS soldiers
Ardeatine massacre
Ardeatine massacre
Raid of the Ghetto of Rome