James A. Garfield , a Republican , succeeded Harrison in 1881 after winning the 1880 United States presidential election . James G. Blaine 's delegates had provided much of the support for Garfield 's nomination at the 1880 Republican National Convention , and the Maine senator received the place of honor : Secretary of State . Blaine , a former protectionist , shared Garfield 's opinion on the need to promote freer trade , especially within the Western Hemisphere . Garfield and Blaine formulated several ambitious plans , but they ultimately came to nothing after Garfield was assassinated . Arthur quickly came into conflict with Garfield 's cabinet , most of whom represented opposing factions within the party , and Blaine resigned in December 1881 . To replace Blaine , the president chose Frederick T. Frelinghuysen of New Jersey , a Stalwart recommended by former President Grant
1880 Republican National Convention
1880 Republican National Convention
History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897