Reasons for negative reporting of accidents include staff being too busy , confusing data entry forms , lack of training and less education , lack of feedback to staff on reported data and punitive organizational cultures . Wiegmann and Shappell invented three cognitive models to analyze approximately 4,000 pilot factors associated with more than 2,000 U.S. Navy aviation mishaps . Although the three cognitive models have slight differences in the types of errors , all three lead to the same conclusion : errors in judgment . The three steps are decision-making , goal-setting , and strategy-selection errors , all of which were highly related to primary accidents . For example , on 28 December 2014 , AirAsia Flight 8501 , which was carrying seven crew members and 155 passengers , crashed into the Java Sea due to several fatal mistakes made by the captain in the poor weather conditions . In this case , the captain chose to exceed the maximum climb rate for a commercial aircraft , which caused a critical stall from which he was unable to recover
AirAsia Flight 8501
Indonesia AirAsia Flight 8501
Pilot error