In the 1934 Battle of Kashgar , 36th division General Ma Fuyuan led a Chinese Muslim army to storm Kashgar on February 6 , 1934 , and attacked the Uighur and Kirghiz rebels of the First East Turkestan Republic . He freed another 36th division general , Ma Zhancang , who was trapped with his Chinese Muslim and Han Chinese troops in Kashgar New City by the Uighurs and Kirghizs since May 22 , 1933 , and was involved in continuous fighting , that lasted for more than five and half months , for holding control of a New City with its important Arsenal and Treasury since August 15 , 1933 . In January , 1934 , Ma Zhancang 's Chinese Muslim troops repulsed six Uighur attacks launched by Khoja Niyaz , who arrived at the city on January 13 , 1934 , with 1,500 troops , inflicting massive casualties on the Uighur forces . From 2,000 to 8,000 Uighur civilians in Kashgar Old City were massacred by Tungans in February , 1934 , in revenge for the Kizil massacre , after retreating of Uighur forces from the city in four directions : to Yengi Hisar with the Government , to Yarkand , to Upal and to Artush . The Chinese Muslim and 36th division Chief General Ma Zhongying , who arrived at Kashgar on April 7 , 1934 , gave a speech at Idgah mosque in April , reminding the Uighurs to be loyal to the Republic of China government at Nanjing . Several British citizens at the British consulate were killed by the 36th division
Kizil massacre
Kizil massacre
First East Turkestan Republic