Formation of the CCF came in response to a series of events orchestrated by the Soviet Union : the World Congress of Intellectuals in Defense of Peace in Wroclaw ( Poland ) in August 1948 ; a similar event in April the following year in Paris , the World Congress of Peace Partisans ; and their culmination in the creation of the World Peace Council , which in March 1950 issued the Stockholm Appeal . As part of this campaign there had also been an event in New York City in March 1949 : the Cultural and Scientific Conference for World Peace at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel was attended by many prominent U.S. liberals , leftists and pacifists who called for peace with Joseph Stalin 's Soviet Union
World Congress of Intellectuals in Defense of Peace
World Congress of Intellectuals in Defense of Peace
Congress for Cultural Freedom