By 1945 , the Kwantung Army consisted of 713,000 personnel , divided into 31 infantry divisions , nine infantry brigades , two tank brigades , and one special purpose brigade . It also possessed 1,155 light tanks , 5,360 guns , and 1,800 aircraft . The quality of troops had fallen drastically , as all the best men and materiel were siphoned off for use in other theaters . These forces were replaced by militia , draft levies , reservists , and cannibalized smaller units , all equipped with woefully outdated equipment . The Kwantung Army had also bacteriological weapons , prepared for use against Soviet troops ( see Unit 731 ) . The bulk of military equipment ( artillery , tanks , aircraft ) was developed in the 1930s , and very few of the soldiers had sufficient training or any real experience
Unit 731
Unit 731
Kwantung Army