The conference also focused on the fight against international terrorism . According to U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton Afghanistan and Pakistan should be seen as '' " a single strategic concern " '' . The border area with Pakistan was seen as the '' " nerve center " '' of the extremists who plotted the September 11 attacks , the Madrid train bombings , the 7/7 bombings , the murder of the Benazir Bhutto and the Mumbai attacks . As a consequence of this insight the phrase '' " Af-Pak strategy " '' was used for the '' " theatre " '' on both sides of the Afghan-Pakistan border
Madrid train bombings
2004 Madrid train bombings
International Conference on Afghanistan, The Hague (2009)