Armenia 's most crippling problem was its dispute with its neighbor to the west , the Ottoman Empire . The Ottomans had killed as many as 1.5 million Armenians during the Armenian Genocide . Although the armies of the Ottoman Empire eventually occupied the South Caucasus in the summer of 1918 and stood poised to crush the republic , Armenia resisted until the end of October , when the Ottoman Empire capitulated to the Allied powers . Though the Ottoman Empire was partially occupied by the Allies , and while being invaded by Franco-Armenian forces of the Cilicia Campaign , the Turks did not withdraw their forces to the pre-war Russo-Turkish boundary until February 1919 and maintained many troops mobilized along this frontier
Armenian Genocide
Armenian Genocide
Turkish–Armenian War