President Musharraf brought a new generation of liberal thinkers to power in Islamabad . Musharraf pioneered the liberal idea of " Enlightened Moderation " and launched a successful liberalization programs in the country . After the 9/11 attacks in the United States and launch of the Afghanistan war in 2001 resulted in re-defining moments for the left-wing politics as well as right-wing politics . The 2002 general elections held in 2002 marked the liberals coming into the power , with PML ( Q ) and MQM forming the government . The religious orthodoxies , under a massive MMA alliance , struck its notable victory in the parliament , securing a considerable number of seats in the parliaments . In 2002 , a massive communist party demonstration against the United States and the fierce joint-opposition of PPP and PMLN had politically weakened the government . Historians of Pakistan also noted that the fact that the atomic proliferation debriefings had enraged and outraged the leftists and conservatives alike of their " national hero " , dr. Qadeer Khan . Overall , the social conservatism and hard leftist ideas grew in an opposition against President Pervez Musharraf , including a far-right insurgency in the country
9/11 attacks
September 11 attacks
Conservatism in Pakistan