During the Polish September Campaign , Kozielewski 's 5th Regiment was a unit of the Kraków Cavalry Brigade , under General Zygmunt Piasecki and a part of Armia Kraków defending the area between Zabkowice and Częstochowa . After the last Battle of Tomaszów Lubelski on 10 September 1939 , some units including 1st Battery of 5th Regiment with Kozielewski tried to reach Hungary but were captured by the Red Army between 17 and 20 September . Kozielewski was held prisoner in Kozielszczyna camp ( presently Ukraine ) . He successfully concealed his true rank of 2nd Lieutenant and after a uniform exchange , was identified by the NKVD commander as a Private . He was handed over to the Germans as a person born in Łódź , which was incorporated into the Third Reich , thus escaping the Katyn massacre
Katyn massacre
Katyn massacre
Jan Karski