Before Nakamikado 's ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne , his personal name ( '' imina '' ) was or Yasuhito . Yasuhito was born on January 14 , 1702 and was the fifth son of Emperor Higashiyama , while his birth mother was a lady-in-waiting named Kushige Yoshiko . Due to tradition he was brought up as if he were the son of the Empress consort ( Arisugawa no Yukiko ) . Yasuhito 's Imperial family lived with him in the Dairi of the Heian Palace . The early years of Yasuhito 's life were marked with disasters and incidents that included two major earthquakes , and a revenge plot involving leaderless samurai to avenge their fallen master . The two major earthquakes that took place were in 1703 , and then again in 1707 . The first of these is the 1703 Genroku earthquake , which caused parts of the shōgun 's castle to collapse in Edo . The city was consumed by a large fire that swept through the city on the following day . In response , the era 's name was changed to Hōei ( meaning " Prosperous Eternity " ) the following year in hopes of better fortune . The second earthquake ( 1707 Hōei earthquake ) , dealt serious damage and suffering to the city of Osaka . Mt. Fuji also erupted that same year causing ash to fall on Izu , Kai , Sagami , and Musashi . In 1708 , Yasuhito became Crown Prince and was given the pre-accession title of '' Masu-no-miya '' ( 長宮 ) . On a particular note , Shōgun Tokugawa Tsunayoshi appointed a commission to repair and restore Imperial mausoleums shortly before his death on February 19 , 1709
erupted
Hōei eruption
Emperor Nakamikado