During the State of emergency as a result of the Sharpeville massacre and Langaprotest of 21 March 1960 , there was general harassment of blacks . AC Jordan was arrested and assaulted on the 4th of April 1960 , five days after the declaration of the State of Emergency . Against this background , the Jordan opted to moved to the United States of America . In early in 1961 , AC Jordan was awarded a Carnegie Travel Grant to visit universities and colleges in the US . When he was denied a passport , he opted for an exit permit . His family followed him in 1962 and they ended up in the United States of America
Sharpeville massacre
Sharpeville massacre
Phyllis Ntantala-Jordan