Gonikman , a menshevik-internationalist in 1917 , joined the bolshevik party in 1919 . From 1923 to 1924 he supported the Left Opposition . Gonikman became director of the Leningrad branch of the Institute of Red Professors . During the Stalinst purges he was expelled from the party on 16 February 1935 and arrested on 7 April 1936 . Sentenced to 5 years in the camps . After the war rearrested , he was freed in 1953 and rehabilitated on 18 August 1956
Stalinst purges
Great Purge
Solomon Gonikman