Rudolf Gelbard was born in Vienna , Austria , and lived in the Leopoldstadt district . His parents were Jewish . After the '' Anschluss '' , in which Germany took control of Austria , Gelbard was excluded from his school because of his Jewish ancestry . Gelbard witnessed first-hand the Nazi persecution of the Jews during '' Kristallnacht '' . In 1942 , Gelbard and his parents were transported to the Theresienstadt concentration camp . 19 members of Gelbard 's family died at Theresienstadt , but Gelbard survived because he was in the children 's section of the camp
Kristallnacht
Kristallnacht
Rudolf Gelbard