Having analyzed the Kielce pogrom for years , author Krzysztof Kąkolewski ( '' Umarły cmentarz '' ) , came to the conclusion that the Russian NKVD had planned the pogrom in Kielce ahead of time . As he pointed out , there were two very important occasions to be considered that day . In the Nuremberg tribunal , the Katyn massacre committed against the Polish officers was being investigated , a Russian war crime for which the Russians held Germans responsible . Also , there was a celebration of the United States Day taking place , attended in Warsaw by many foreign officials and journalists . It was a perfect time for the NKVD to paint a picture of Poland as being antisemitic , and to blame the Home Army ( AK ) for the violence . At the time of the pogrom in Kielce , Kąkolewski was 16 years old and lived just few hundred meters from the crime scene . He claims that it was impossible for people to gather out on the street ; the police immediately approached any group of 3-4 persons for identification . Furthermore , Kąkolewski claims that the ordinary people were turned away by an army unit that set up a street blockade . The second part of the same building housed members of the communist party , most of them of Jewish origin , who were not attacked at all . Kąkolewski emphasized also that there were more than 300 members of the secret police and army , present at the scene , of whom many were wearing civilian clothes , not to mention some Russian-speaking soldiers that participated in the pogrom . The fact that the high-ranking officials from NKVD were in the town at that moment would also support this theory . Of the 12 persons who faced trial , 9 were sentenced to death . According to Kąkolewski , none of them was responsible for the crime ; they have been picked up from the watching crowd by the secret police
Katyn massacre
Katyn massacre
Anti-Jewish violence in Poland, 1944–1946