Amangkurat I took the throne of Mataram in 1646 , succeeding Sultan Agung , who had expanded Mataram 's realm to include most of Central and East Java , as well as a few overseas vassals in southern Sumatra and Borneo . The early years of Amangkurat 's reign were marked by executions and massacres against his political enemies . In response to the failed coup attempt of his brother Pangeran Alit , he ordered massacres of Islamic men who he believed were complicit in Alit 's rebellion . Alit himself was killed during the failed coup . In 1659 Amangkurat suspected that Pangeran Pekik , his father-in-law and the son of the conquered Duke of Surabaya who lived at the Mataram court after Surabaya 's defeat , was leading a conspiracy against his life . He ordered Pekik and his relatives killed . This massacre of East Java 's most important princely house created a rift between Amangkurat and his East Javanese subjects and caused a conflict with his son , the crown prince ( later Amangkurat II ) , who was also Pekik 's grandson . Over the next few years , Amangkurat carried out a number of additional killings against members of the nobility who had lost his trust
massacres of Islamic men
Massacre of ulema by Amangkurat I
Trunajaya rebellion