At the Potsdam Conference ( July 1945 ) , Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin demanded a revision of the Montreux Convention ; the Soviet demand that the USSR should be allowed to join in the defence of the Straits was rejected by Turkey , with the backing of the West . In March 1947 , with the proclamation of the Truman Doctrine , the US underwrote the frontiers of Turkey ( as well as Greece ) and the continued existence of non-communist governments in the two countries . Turkey sought aid from the United States and joined NATO in 1952 . The USSR and Turkey were in different camps during the Korean War and throughout the Cold War
Potsdam Conference
Potsdam Conference
Russia–Turkey relations