Toyi-toyi could begin as the stomping of feet and spontaneous chanting during protests that could include political slogans or songs , either improvised or previously created . Toyi-toyi was often used for intimidating the South African police and security forces during anti-apartheid demonstrations . The toyi-toyi was also used with chants such as the African National Congress 's " Amandla " ( " power " ) and " Awethu " ( " ours " ) or the Pan African Congress 's " One Settler , One Bullet " . After the 1976 Soweto massacre , the anti-apartheid movement became more militant . The toyi-toyi , a military march dance and song style became commonplace in massive street demonstrations . As one activist puts it , " The toyi-toyi was our weapon . We did not have the technology of warfare , the tear gas and tanks , but we had this weapon . " After Apartheid ended , people have used toyi-toyi to express their grievances against current government policies . Use of the dance has become very popular during recent service delivery protests and among trade unions . The Anti-Privatisation Forum has come out with a CD that they see as a compilation of music specially for toyi-toying
Soweto massacre
Soweto uprising
Toyi-toyi