In Yugoslavia ( now Serbia ) , Nazi troops killed 434 men in three villages near Kragujevac on October 19 , 1941 as punishment for previous actions of the Serbian resistance movement . In the next two days , the Nazis also killed more than 13,000 people in Kraljevo , Kragujevac , and Sumarice , including 300 students from Kragujevac First High School . In 1942 , the Germans destroyed the village of Lidice , Czechoslovakia ( now the Czech Republic ) killing 340 inhabitants as collective punishment or reprisal for that year 's assassination of Reinhard Heydrich by nearby commandos ( the village Ležáky was also destroyed in retribution ) . In the French village of Oradour-sur-Glane 642 of its inhabitants – men , women , and children – were slaughtered by the German Waffen-SS in 1944 , as were 335 Italians in that same year 's Ardeatine massacre in caves outside Rome . In the Dutch village of Putten and the Italian villages of Sant ' Anna di Stazzema and Marzabotto , as well as in the Soviet village of Kortelisy ( in what is now Ukraine ) , large-scale reprisal killings were carried out by the Germans . The Massacre of Borovë occurred on July 9 , 1943 , in the village of Borovë , in southeastern Albania . German forces killed 107 civilians as a reprisal for a partisan attack on a German convoy the days before . In Lithuania , on June 3 , 1944 , after attack of Soviet partisans on a group of Germans in a nearby forest , a punishment squadron burned alive 119 people ( including 49 children under age of 16 ) – almost all inhabitants of village of Pirčiupiai
Ardeatine massacre
Ardeatine massacre
Collective punishment