The city was mostly populated by Greeks until the Massacre of Phocaea carried out by the Turks during the Greek Genocide . As a result , a large portion of the historic city was destroyed , and all the old churches were destroyed and mosques were built on top of them . People who belonged to the local networks were radically different in their perception of the Greeks compared to the muhacirs who were alien to the local networks . The local communities favored the Greeks . Also , when the Greeks left , due to the massacre , their houses were occupied by muhacirs ( forced Muslim migrants ) . Some of these Greeks returned later ( 1919 ) to their houses , when the Greek army arrived at the city . The muhacirs that lived there ran away when the Greeks returned . When the Greek army defeated ( 1922 ) , according to a testimony of a muhacir , the Greeks who tried to escape with boats or other things " were stopped and the punishments they deserved were delivered to them in and around the harbor of Eski Foça " . '' Eski '' Foça stretches along two bays ; a larger one named Büyükdeniz ( '' " Greater Sea " '' ) and a smaller cove within that large one , named Küçükdeniz ( '' " Smaller Sea " '' ) , where the medieval castle is also located
Massacre of Phocaea
Massacre of Phocaea
Foça