anti-Jewish violence in Poland from 1944 to 1946 refers to a series of violent incidents in Poland that immediately followed the end of World War II in Europe and influenced the postwar history of the Jews as well as Polish-Jewish relations . It occurred amid a period of violence and anarchy across the country , caused by lawlessness and anti-communist resistance against the Soviet-backed communist takeover of Poland . The estimated number of Jewish victims varies and ranges up to 2,000 . Jews constituted between 2 % and 3 % of the total number of victims of postwar violence in the country , including the Polish Jews who managed to escape the Holocaust on territories of Poland annexed by the Soviet Union , and returned after the border changes imposed by the Allies at the Yalta Conference . The incidents ranged from individual attacks to pogroms
Yalta Conference
Yalta Conference
Anti-Jewish violence in Poland, 1944–1946