The final campaign against the Dzungars in the 1750s ended with the Dzungar genocide . The Qing " final solution " of genocide to solve the problem of the Dzungar Mongols created a land devoid of Dzungars , which was followed by the Qing sponsored settlement of millions of other people in Dzungaria . In northern Xinjiang , the Qing brought in Han , Hui , Uyghur , Xibe , Daurs , Solons , Turkic Muslim Taranchis and Kazakh colonists , with one third of Xinjiang 's total population consisting of Hui and Han in the northern area , while around two thirds were Uyghurs in southern Xinjiang 's Tarim Basin . In Dzungaria , the Qing established new cities like Ürümqi and Yining . The Dzungarian basin itself is now inhabited by many Kazakhs . The Qing therefore unified Xinjiang and changed its demographic composition as well . The crushing of the Buddhist Dzungars by the Qing led to the empowerment of the Muslim Begs in southern Xinjiang , migration of Muslim Taranchis to northern Xinjiang , and increasing Turkic Muslim power , with Turkic Muslim culture and identity was tolerated or even promoted by the Qing . It was therefore argued by Henry Schwarz that " the Qing victory was , in a certain sense , a victory for Islam "
Dzungar genocide
Dzungar genocide
Uyghurs