Soil liquefaction . In the cases where the soil consists of loose granular deposited materials with the tendency to develop excessive hydrostatic pore water pressure of sufficient magnitude and compact , liquefaction of those loose saturated deposits may result in non-uniform settlements and tilting of structures . This caused major damage to thousands of buildings in Niigata , Japan during the 1964 earthquake
1964 earthquake
1964 Niigata earthquake
Earthquake engineering