In 1940, Schachtman, a bourgeois scholar associated himself with the theory of "state capitalism," a term first mentioned by Pankhurst two decades earlier, and seemed to agree with Sylvia Pankhurst's theory, but I have no evidence of any agreement or meeting between Schachtman and Pankhurst. Trotsky's own wife, Natalia, also agreed with the State Capitalists after his death, who seemed to defend Trotsky's membership in the Comintern under Stalin until 1938. By agreeing with that decision, they also agreed to stay silent about Pankhurst's imprisonment, torture, and exile. This stands in contrast to Lenin's writing about Bolshevik Parliament (Duma) Members that the Tsar tortured with the military. Lenin argued that the Bolsheviks were right to participate in and win elections and serve in Congress despite criticism that they could not pass laws and would be tortured by the Tsar. This raised the workers' awareness of the party to the point that people could organize elections and choose Bolshevik candidates.