Here's a problem to solve: A student observed a rock made up of many small particles of sand arranged in light-colored layers and dark-colored layers. Which of the following statements describes how this type of rock most likely formed?

Among the 4 following options, which is the correct answer?

- A: Clay was crushed and frozen under a glacier.
 
- B: Lava from a volcano cooled quickly in water.
 
- C: River sediments were slowly compacted and cemented together.
 
- D: Mineral deposits hardened into solid rock in underground caves.
 