Oil paint on canvas
Tate Modern
Tate collection highlights
Tate Collection
Works with images
Works on display
General Collection
C Frank Stoop
Collection
<a href="https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/paul-cezanne-879" aria-label="More by Paul Cezanne" data-gtm-name="header_link_artist" data-gtm-destination="page--artist">Paul Cezanne</a>
Gardener Vallier
Bequeathed by C. Frank Stoop 1933
actions: postures and motions
adults
agriculture and fishing
architecture
arms folded
garden
garden structures
gardening
individuals: male
legs crossed
man
named individuals
people
portraits
sitting
Vallier
work and occupations
<p>Vallier was the gardener and odd-job man at Cézanne's house near Aix-en-Provence. This is one of six portraits of him, and was probably painted in the summer and autumn of 1906, not long before Cézanne's death in October that year. It follows Cézanne's method of capturing the exact tone of each element – both the shade of colour and its degree of luminosity – in distinct but overlapping brushstrokes, sometimes reflecting slight shifts in the artist’s perspective. Cézanne's ability to combine such elements into a single, unified composition was a very significant influence on the development of Cubism.</p><p><em>Gallery label, May 2011</em></p>
painting oil paint canvas
17 January 2002 – 24 March 2002
2002-03-24
17 January 2002 – 24 March 2002
2002-03-24
2002-01-17
Tate Modern (London, UK)
http://www.tate.org.uk/modern/
2002-01-17
David Sylvester Memorial Display
Exhibition
29 January 2006 – 15 September 2006
2006-09-15
29 January 2006 – 7 May 2006
2006-05-07
2006-01-29
National Gallery of Art (Washington DC, USA)
5 June 2006 – 15 September 2006
2006-09-15
2006-06-05
Collection Jean Planque Musée Granet (Aix-en-Provence, France)
2006-01-29
Cézanne in Provence
Loan-out
4 October 2006 – 7 January 2007
2007-01-07
4 October 2006 – 7 January 2007
2007-01-07
2006-10-04
National Gallery (London, UK)
http://www.nationalgallery.org.uk
2006-10-04
Paul Cézanne Centenary
Loan-out
22 May 2009 – 27 September 2009
2009-09-27
17 October 2009 – 27 January 2010
2010-01-27
2009-10-17
Gemeentemuseum Den Haag (The Hague, Netherlands)
2009-05-22
Picasso-Cézanne, le soleil en face
Loan-out
22 October 2011 – 26 February 2012
2012-02-26
22 October 2011 – 26 February 2012
2012-02-26
2011-10-22
Palazzo Reale (Milan, Italy)
2011-10-22
Paul Cézanne Retrospective
Loan-out
28 March 2012 – 11 June 2012
2012-06-11
28 March 2012 – 11 June 2012
2012-06-11
2012-03-28
National Art Center (Tokyo, Japan)
2012-03-28
Cezanne - Paris - Provence
Loan-out
3 August 2015 – 12 June 2016
2016-06-12
3 August 2015 – 12 June 2016
2016-06-12
2015-08-03
Tate Liverpool (Liverpool, UK)
http://www.tate.org.uk/liverpool/
2015-08-03
Paul Cezanne
Collection based display
26 April 2016
26 April 2016
2016-04-26
Tate Modern (London, UK)
http://www.tate.org.uk/modern/
2016-04-26
Studio Practice
Collection based display
22 March 2017 – 23 July 2017
2017-07-23
22 March 2017 – 23 July 2017
2017-07-23
2017-03-22
Galeries Nationales du Grand Palais (Paris, France)
2017-03-22
Jardins
Loan-out
13 June 2017 – 8 July 2018
2018-07-08
13 June 2017 – 24 September 2017
2017-09-24
2017-06-13
Musée d’Orsay (Paris, France)
26 October 2017 – 11 February 2018
2018-02-11
2017-10-26
National Portrait Gallery (London, UK)
http://www.npg.org.uk
25 March 2018 – 8 July 2018
2018-07-08
2018-03-25
National Gallery of Art (Washington DC, USA)
2017-06-13
Cézanne Portraits
Loan-out
5 June 2019 – 17 May 2020
2020-05-17
28 September 2019 – 12 January 2020
2020-01-12
2019-09-28
Palazzo Strozzi (Florence, Italy)
2019-06-05
Natalia Goncharova
Loan-out
6 June 2021 – 26 September 2021
2021-09-26
6 June 2021 – 26 September 2021
2021-09-26
2021-06-06
Museum of Modern Art (New York, USA)
2021-06-06
Paul Cézanne
Loan-out
15 May 2022 – 5 September 2022
2022-09-05
15 May 2022 – 5 September 2022
2022-09-05
2022-05-15
The Art Institute of Chicago (Chicago, USA)
http://www.artic.edu/aic
2022-05-15
Paul Cézanne
Loan-out
5 October 2022 – 12 March 2023
2023-03-12
15 May 2022 – 5 September 2022
2022-09-05
2022-05-15
The Art Institute of Chicago (Chicago, USA)
http://www.artic.edu/aic
5 October 2022 – 12 March 2023
2023-03-12
2022-10-05
Tate Modern (London, UK)
http://www.tate.org.uk/modern/
2022-10-05
The EY Exhibition: Cezanne
Exhibition
The Gardener Vallier
support: 654 × 549 mm
frame: 869 × 762 × 103 mm
Bequeathed by <a href="/search?gid=999999963" data-gtm-name="tombstone_link_bequest" data-gtm-destination="list-page--search-results">C. Frank Stoop</a> 1933
<p>Vallier was the gardener and odd-job man at Cézanne's house near Aix-en-Provence. This is one of six portraits of him, and was probably painted in the summer and autumn of 1906, not long before Cézanne's death in October that year. It follows Cézanne's method of capturing the exact tone of each element – both the shade of colour and its degree of luminosity – in distinct but overlapping brushstrokes, sometimes reflecting slight shifts in the artist’s perspective. Cézanne's ability to combine such elements into a single, unified composition was a very significant influence on the development of Cubism.</p>
<p></p>

Display caption
2011-05-18T00:00:00
display-caption
DISPLAY_CAPTION
<p><b>Paul Cézanne</b><span> 1839-1906 </span>
<br/></p>
<p><span><a class="acno-pop" data-gtm-destination="page--artwork" data-gtm-name="body_text_link" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/cezanne-the-gardener-vallier-n04724" title="View the details of this artwork"><span>N04724</span></a> </span><b>Le Jardinier Vallier</b><span> (The Gardener Vallier) 1906 </span>
<br/></p>
<p><span>Not inscribed</span>
<br/><span>Oil on canvas, 25 3/4 x 21 5/8 (65.5 x 55)</span>
<br/><span>Bequeathed by C. Frank Stoop 1933</span>
<br/><i>Prov:</i><span>
With Ambroise Vollard, Paris; C. Frank Stoop, London</span>
<br/><i>Exh:</i><span>
</span><i>Paintings by Cézanne</i><span>, RSA, Edinburgh, August-September 1954 (65); Tate Gallery, September-October 1954 (65); </span><i>Les Sources du XX</i><i>e</i><i>
Siècle</i><span>, Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris, November 1960-January 1961 (88); </span><i>Cézanne: Les Dernières Années (1895-1906)</i><span>, Grand Palais, Paris, April-July 1978 (16, repr.)</span>
<br/><i>Lit:</i><span>
J.B. Manson, 'Mr Frank Stoop's Modern Pictures' in </span><i>Apollo</i><span>, X, 1929, p.132, repr. in colour facing p.132 and on cover; Lionello Venturi, </span><i>Cézanne: son Art - son Oeuvre</i><span>
(Paris 1936), No.715, Vol.1, p.219, repr. Vol.2, pl.233 (dated 1900-6); Douglas Cooper, 'Two Cézanne Exhibitions II' in </span><i>Burlington Magazine</i><span>, XCVI, 1954, p.380; Lawrence Gowing, 'Notes on the Development of Cézanne' in </span><i>Burlington Magazine</i><span>, XCVIII, 1956, p.192; Ian Dunlop and Sandra Orienti, </span><i>The Complete Paintings of Cézanne</i><span> (London 1972), No.616, p.114 repr. and pl.63 in colour (dated 1900-6)</span>
<br/><i>Repr:</i><span>
Adrian Stokes, </span><i>Cézanne</i><span>
(London 1947), in colour pl.1 and on cover </span>
<br/></p>
<p><span>A <a class="glossarylinktopopup" data-gtm-destination="article-page" data-gtm-name="body_text_link" href="http://www.tate.org.uk/learn/online-resources/glossary/p/portrait" title="Glossary definition for 'Portrait'"><span>portrait</span></a> of Vallier, Cézanne's gardener and odd-job man. Cézanne seems to have begun to use him as a model in 1905, or perhaps the beginning of 1906, when he painted three larger pictures of him in a dark peaked cap and a dark suit (Venturi Nos.716-7 and a picture now in the National Gallery, Washington, not in Venturi), which are predominantly deep bluish green and almost blackish blue in colour. This picture belongs to a further group of three (Venturi Nos.718, 1524 and this work), all the same size and with a completely different colour range, showing him in his summer clothes, with a soft, wide-brimmed hat and a shirt or blouse, which he seems to have painted in the summer and autumn of 1906, shortly before his death. It is very similar in colour and handling to 'Le Cabanon de Jourdan' (Venturi No.805), which is said to be Cézanne's last <a class="glossarylinktopopup" data-gtm-destination="article-page" data-gtm-name="body_text_link" href="http://www.tate.org.uk/learn/online-resources/glossary/l/landscape" title="Glossary definition for 'Landscape'"><span>landscape</span></a> <a class="glossarylinktopopup" data-gtm-destination="article-page" data-gtm-name="body_text_link" href="http://www.tate.org.uk/learn/online-resources/glossary/p/painting" title="Glossary definition for 'Painting'"><span>painting</span></a>, while the portrait of Vallier Venturi No.718 is the picture on which Cézanne was working in the garden, under a lime tree, when he was finally taken ill in October 1906 and came back dying. Venturi No.718 shows Vallier close up in more or less the same pose as in the present work, but half-length and in profile. Venturi No.1524, which was left in a very sketchy and unfinished state, corresponds almost exactly to the present work in <a class="glossarylinktopopup" data-gtm-destination="article-page" data-gtm-name="body_text_link" href="http://www.tate.org.uk/learn/online-resources/glossary/c/composition" title="Glossary definition for 'Composition'"><span>composition</span></a>. The two <a class="glossarylinktopopup" data-gtm-destination="article-page" data-gtm-name="body_text_link" href="http://www.tate.org.uk/learn/online-resources/glossary/w/watercolour" title="Glossary definition for 'Watercolour'"><span>watercolours</span></a> Venturi No.1092 and particularly No.1566 are also closely related to the Tate's version. </span>
<br/></p>
<p><span>The <a class="glossarylinktopopup" data-gtm-destination="article-page" data-gtm-name="body_text_link" href="http://www.tate.org.uk/learn/online-resources/glossary/c/canvas" title="Glossary definition for 'Canvas'"><span>canvas</span></a> has been left bare in a number of places. </span>
<br/></p>
<p><b>Published in:</b>
<br/><span>Ronald Alley, </span><i>Catalogue of the Tate Gallery's Collection of Modern Art other than Works by British Artists</i><span>, Tate Gallery and Sotheby Parke-Bernet, London 1981, pp.108-9, reproduced p.108</span>
<br/></p>

Catalogue entry
2004-09-15T00:00:00
catalogue-entry
CATALOGUE_ENTRY
actions: postures and motions adults agriculture and fishing architecture arms folded garden gardening garden structures individuals: male legs crossed man named individuals people portraits sitting Vallier work and occupations