adds comments.

adds comments.

/* PIC32MX linker script for CodeSourcery GCC toolchain
**
** Links a complete application to run from PIC32MX flash, including
** initialization from power-on reset, interrupt vectors, etc.
**
** History:
**   20090926 DRNadler: Per CodeSourcery, ENTRY is __cs3_reset_PIC32MX
**   20090830 DRNadler: Minimal C++ demonstration version (KSEG1)
**   20090713 DRNadler: Reset reason stored in RAM0
**   20090511 DRNadler: Original coding
**
** For reference, see:
** - CodeSourcery G++ 4.3-80 linker script for malta-24kc
** - Microchip "elf32pic32mx.x" generic PIC32 link script
** - Microchip 32MX440F256H processor-specific "procdef.ld" definitions
*/

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2009 Dave Nadler
 * Copyright (c) 2007, 2008 CodeSourcery, Inc.
 *
 * The authors hereby grant permission to use, copy, modify, distribute,
 * and license this software and its documentation for any purpose, provided
 * that existing copyright notices are retained in all copies and that this
 * notice is included verbatim in any distributions.  No written agreement,
 * license, or royalty fee is required for any of the authorized uses.
 * Modifications to this software may be copyrighted by their authors
 * and need not follow the licensing terms described here, provided that
 * the new terms are clearly indicated on the first page of each file where
 * they apply.
 */
OUTPUT_ARCH(mips)
ENTRY(__cs3_reset_PIC32MX) /* for debugger support, use actual HW-level entry and not _start */
SEARCH_DIR(.)
/* Force repeated search of CS3 and GCC libraries */
GROUP(-lcs3hal -lgcc -lc -lcs3 -lcs3unhosted)
/**/

/*
** NOTE: Device programmers require PIC32MX "physical" addresses.
** PIC32MX "physical" addresses ::= "virtual" addresses & 0x1FFFffff
** LD's >AT directive is incapable of performing this mapping,
** as it does not respect alignment/padding performed in the virtual space.
** Therefore, this address mask operation must be performed by:
** - address masking by the device programmer's software, or
** - post-processing of ELF or HEX file prior device programming
*/

MEMORY
{
  ram0 (!r!x) : ORIGIN = 0xA0000000, LENGTH = 16     /* tiny part of RAM reserved for startup code */
  ram  (!r!x) : ORIGIN = 0xA0000010, LENGTH = 64K-16 /* not read-only, not executable */
  /*
  ** Memory map here is based on executing in KSEG1 mode.
  ** PIC32MX flash is broken into user flash and boot flash.
  ** Boot flash contains the configuration words required for reset.
  ** The following are KSEG1 logical addresses (??? should change to KSEG0 to enable caches).
  */
  PIC32MX_flash_userboot (rx) : ORIGIN = 0xBD000000, LENGTH = 0x1000
  PIC32MX_flash_user (rx) : ORIGIN = 0xBD001000, LENGTH = 512K - 4K /*we skipped the first page to allow for the interrupt vector table. There is a lot of free space there, but linking needs to flow around existing absolute sections there. */
  /*
  ** When PIC32MX comes out of reset, it branches to the start of the boot flash
  ** The last (4kb) page in Boot Flash Memory contains the DEBUG Page, which is reserved for
  ** use by (some) debugger tool while debugging (by convention, not by hardware).
  */
  PIC32MX_flash_boot (rx) : ORIGIN = 0xBFC00000, LENGTH = 0x0 /* Don't allow stuff in the boot flash, there is a bootloader there */
}

/*
** Interrupt vector spacing 1 (ie 0x20 or 32 bytes/vector).
** TEMPORARY: located at end of bootflash for now (this is "debug page")...
** 0xBFC03000-(0x10 config registers + 0x200+ (64 vectors * x20))= 0xBFC025F0
*/
_vector_spacing = 0x00000001;
_ebase_address  = 0xBD000000; /* must be on a 4kb page boundary; rounded down */

/* These force the linker to search for particular symbols from
 * the start of the link process and thus ensure the user's
 * overrides are picked up
 */
EXTERN(__cs3_reset_PIC32MX)
/* NOT NEEDED -- we have our own entry routine, not using cs3's
EXTERN(_start)
EXTERN(__cs3_start_c main __cs3_stack __cs3_heap_end) */

/*
 * Provide for a minimum stack and heap size
 * - _min_stack_size - represents the minimum space that must be made
 *                     available for the stack.  Can be overridden from
 *                     the command line using the linker's --defsym option.
 * - _min_heap_size  - represents the minimum space that must be made
 *                     available for the heap.  Can be overridden from
 *                     the command line using the linker's --defsym option.
 */
EXTERN (_min_stack_size _min_heap_size)
PROVIDE(_min_stack_size = 9k) ;
PROVIDE(_min_heap_size  = 9k) ;
PROVIDE(__cs3_heap_start = _end );
PROVIDE(__cs3_heap_end = __cs3_region_start_ram + __cs3_region_size_ram - _min_stack_size);
PROVIDE(__cs3_stack = __cs3_region_start_ram + __cs3_region_size_ram); /* stack grows down from end of RAM */

HEAP_SPACE_AVAILABLE = (__cs3_heap_end - __cs3_heap_start);
ASSERT( HEAP_SPACE_AVAILABLE >= _min_heap_size , "Not enough heap space");

PROVIDE(__cs3_region_num = (__cs3_regions_end - __cs3_regions) / 20);

SECTIONS
{
  /*
  ** First thing in  flash area must be 'reset' code, which must be
  ** short enough it doesn't land in bootstrap exception address (unless
  ** bootstrap exception is unused).
  */
  .boot_flash_text :
  {
    PROVIDE(__cs3_reset_PIC32MX = _start);
    __cs3_reset = __cs3_reset_PIC32MX;
    *(.cs3.reset)

  } >PIC32MX_flash_userboot

  /*
  ** "Normal" code in user flash
  */
  .text :
  {
    CREATE_OBJECT_SYMBOLS /* create symbols for each input file - why ??? */

    __cs3_region_start_rom = .;
    *(.cs3.region-head.rom)
    ASSERT (. == __cs3_region_start_rom, ".cs3.region-head.rom not permitted");

    /* "normal" code follows... */
    *(.text .text.* .gnu.linkonce.t.*)

    . = ALIGN(0x4);
    KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.jcr))
    KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o) .jcr))
    KEEP (*crtend.o(.jcr))

    . = ALIGN(0x4);
    *(.gcc_except_table .gcc_except_table.*)
    *(.gnu_extab .gnu_extab.*)
  } >PIC32MX_flash_user

  .eh_frame_hdr : ALIGN (4)
  {
    KEEP (*(.eh_frame_hdr))
    *(.eh_frame_entry .eh_frame_entry.*)
  } >PIC32MX_flash_user

  .eh_frame : ALIGN (4)
  {
    KEEP (*(.eh_frame .eh_frame.*))
  }  >PIC32MX_flash_user

  /* MDI semihosting uses a pointer in this section.  */
  .sdeosabi : ALIGN (4)
  {
    *(.sdeosabi)
  } >ram

  .rodata : ALIGN (4)
  {
    *(.rodata .rodata.* .gnu.linkonce.r.*)

    . = ALIGN(4);
    KEEP(*(.init))

    . = ALIGN(4);
    __preinit_array_start = .;
    KEEP (*(.preinit_array))
    __preinit_array_end = .;

    . = ALIGN(4);
    __init_array_start = .;
    KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*)))
    KEEP (*(.init_array))
    __init_array_end = .;

    . = ALIGN(4);
    KEEP(*(.fini))

    . = ALIGN(4);
    __fini_array_start = .;
    KEEP (*(.fini_array))
    KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*)))
    __fini_array_end = .;

    . = ALIGN(0x4);
    KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.ctors))
    KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o) .ctors))
    KEEP (*(SORT(.ctors.*)))
    KEEP (*crtend.o(.ctors))

    . = ALIGN(0x4);
    KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.dtors))
    KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o) .dtors))
    KEEP (*(SORT(.dtors.*)))
    KEEP (*crtend.o(.dtors))

    *(.lit)

    . = ALIGN(4);
    __cs3_regions = .;
    LONG (0)
    LONG (__cs3_region_init_ram)
    LONG (__cs3_region_start_ram)
    LONG (__cs3_region_init_size_ram)
    LONG (__cs3_region_zero_size_ram)
    __cs3_regions_end = .;

    . = ALIGN (8);
    /* Redundant, removed: . = ALIGN (8); */

    _etext = .; /* first double-word past end of text, and start address for RAM initialization data stored in ROM */
  }  >PIC32MX_flash_user

  __cs3_region_size_rom = LENGTH(PIC32MX_flash_user); /* just total size of flash */

  /*
  ** Initialized data is linked for RAM, but placed in ROM using the AT> directive.
  ** Startup code copies it to RAM during initialization.
  ** WARNING: Must follow _etext !!
  */
  .data : ALIGN (8)
  {
    __cs3_region_start_ram = .;
    *(.got.plt) *(.got)
    *(.shdata)
    *(.data .data.* .gnu.linkonce.d.*)
    . = ALIGN(8);
    /*
    ** GP-relative addressing permits fast access via single instruction addressing,
    ** using a signed 16-bit offset (i.e. -32768 to 32767) from the gp register.
    ** Set GP to the middle of the "small data" area, then link in up to 64k
    ** of "small data"....
    */
    _gp = . + 0x8000; /* beginning of "small data" plus 32k */
    *(.lit8)
    *(.lit4)
    *(.sdata .sdata.* .gnu.linkonce.s.*)

    /* this magic is needed for the device tables of openMRN */
    . = ALIGN (8);
    KEEP(*( SORT (.device.table.*))) ;

    . = ALIGN (8);
    *(.ram)
    _edata = .;
  } >ram  AT>PIC32MX_flash_user

  /* Wrong, length just gives 256k size of flash: USER_FLASH_USED = LENGTH(PIC32MX_flash_user)+SIZEOF(.data); */

  /* DRN: The following is wrong; doesn't mark end of RAM copy...
  /* For diagnostic use only, mark end of initialized-data copy in ROM */
  /* .edata_copy_end :
  /* {
  /*   _edata_copy_end = .;
  /*   LONG(0) /* force LD to output this section (empty sections are discarded) */
  /* } >PIC32MX_flash_user
  */

  /* data written by startup code and NOT to be initialized by CS3 */
  .startup_data :
  {
    *(.reset_data)
  } >ram0

  /* Un-initialized data, zero'd by CS3 C-language initialization module */
  .bss :
  {
    *(.sbss .sbss.* .gnu.linkonce.sb.*)
    *(.scommon)
    *(.shbss)
    *(.bss .bss.* .gnu.linkonce.b.*)
    *(COMMON)
    . = ALIGN (8);
    *(.ram.b)
    _end = .;
    __end = .;
  } >ram

  /* __cs3_region_end_ram is deprecated */
  /*__cs3_region_end_ram = __cs3_region_start_ram + LENGTH(ram);*/
  __cs3_region_size_ram = LENGTH(ram);
  /* WRONG: load address is PHYSICAL, not logical address:  __cs3_region_init_ram = LOADADDR (.data);  WRONG */
  /*  __cs3_region_init_ram = _etext; DRN updated this; seems correct...  bracz: not really. */
  __cs3_region_init_ram = LOADADDR(.data);
  __cs3_region_init_size_ram = _edata - ADDR (.data);
  __cs3_region_zero_size_ram = _end - _edata;

  /* Compute space available for stack+heap... */
  AVAILABLE_RAM_FOR_STACK_PLUS_HEAP = LENGTH(ram)-(SIZEOF(.data)+SIZEOF(.bss));

  /* ============================  Interrupt Branch Vectors  =========================== */
  .gen_exception _ebase_address + 0x180 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.gen_handler))
  }

  .vector_0 _ebase_address + 0x200 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_0))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_0) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 0 too large")
  .vector_1 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 1 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_1))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_1) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 1 too large")
  .vector_2 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 2 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_2))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_2) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 2 too large")
  .vector_3 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 3 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_3))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_3) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 3 too large")
  .vector_4 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 4 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_4))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_4) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 4 too large")
  .vector_5 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 5 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_5))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_5) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 5 too large")
  .vector_6 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 6 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_6))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_6) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 6 too large")
  .vector_7 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 7 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_7))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_7) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 7 too large")
  .vector_8 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 8 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_8))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_8) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 8 too large")
  .vector_9 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 9 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_9))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_9) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 9 too large")
  .vector_10 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 10 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_10))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_10) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 10 too large")
  .vector_11 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 11 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_11))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_11) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 11 too large")
  .vector_12 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 12 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_12))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_12) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 12 too large")
  .vector_13 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 13 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_13))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_13) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 13 too large")
  .vector_14 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 14 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_14))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_14) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 14 too large")
  .vector_15 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 15 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_15))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_15) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 15 too large")
  .vector_16 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 16 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_16))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_16) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 16 too large")
  .vector_17 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 17 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_17))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_17) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 17 too large")
  .vector_18 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 18 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_18))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_18) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 18 too large")
  .vector_19 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 19 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_19))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_19) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 19 too large")
  .vector_20 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 20 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_20))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_20) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 20 too large")
  .vector_21 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 21 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_21))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_21) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 21 too large")
  .vector_22 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 22 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_22))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_22) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 22 too large")
  .vector_23 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 23 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_23))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_23) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 23 too large")
  .vector_24 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 24 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_24))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_24) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 24 too large")
  .vector_25 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 25 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_25))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_25) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 25 too large")
  .vector_26 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 26 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_26))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_26) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 26 too large")
  .vector_27 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 27 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_27))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_27) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 27 too large")
  .vector_28 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 28 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_28))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_28) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 28 too large")
  .vector_29 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 29 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_29))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_29) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 29 too large")
  .vector_30 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 30 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_30))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_30) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 30 too large")
  .vector_31 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 31 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_31))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_31) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 31 too large")
  .vector_32 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 32 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_32))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_32) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 32 too large")
  .vector_33 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 33 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_33))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_33) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 33 too large")
  .vector_34 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 34 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_34))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_34) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 34 too large")
  .vector_35 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 35 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_35))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_35) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 35 too large")
  .vector_36 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 36 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_36))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_36) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 36 too large")
  .vector_37 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 37 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_37))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_37) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 37 too large")
  .vector_38 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 38 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_38))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_38) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 38 too large")
  .vector_39 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 39 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_39))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_39) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 39 too large")
  .vector_40 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 40 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_40))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_40) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 40 too large")
  .vector_41 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 41 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_41))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_41) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 41 too large")
  .vector_42 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 42 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_42))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_42) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 42 too large")
  .vector_43 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 43 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_43))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_43) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 43 too large")
  .vector_44 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 44 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_44))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_44) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 44 too large")
  .vector_45 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 45 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_45))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_45) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 45 too large")
  .vector_46 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 46 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_46))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_46) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 46 too large")
  .vector_47 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 47 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_47))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_47) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 47 too large")
  .vector_48 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 48 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_48))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_48) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 48 too large")
  .vector_49 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 49 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_49))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_49) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 49 too large")
  .vector_50 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 50 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_50))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_50) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 50 too large")
  .vector_51 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 51 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_51))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_51) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 51 too large")
  .vector_52 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 52 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_52))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_52) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 52 too large")
  .vector_53 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 53 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_53))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_53) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 53 too large")
  .vector_54 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 54 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_54))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_54) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 54 too large")
  .vector_55 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 55 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_55))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_55) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 55 too large")
  .vector_56 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 56 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_56))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_56) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 56 too large")
  .vector_57 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 57 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_57))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_57) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 57 too large")
  .vector_58 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 58 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_58))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_58) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 58 too large")
  .vector_59 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 59 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_59))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_59) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 59 too large")
  .vector_60 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 60 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_60))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_60) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 60 too large")
  .vector_61 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 61 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_61))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_61) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 61 too large")
  .vector_62 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 62 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_62))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_62) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 62 too large")
  .vector_63 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 63 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_63))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_63) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 63 too large")
  /* ============================  End Interrupt Branch Vectors  =========================== */

  .stab 0 (NOLOAD) : { *(.stab) }
  .stabstr 0 (NOLOAD) : { *(.stabstr) }
  /* DWARF debug sections.
   * Symbols in the DWARF debugging sections are relative to the beginning
   * of the section so we begin them at 0.  */
  /* DWARF 1 */
  .debug          0 : { *(.debug) }
  .line           0 : { *(.line) }
  /* GNU DWARF 1 extensions */
  .debug_srcinfo  0 : { *(.debug_srcinfo) }
  .debug_sfnames  0 : { *(.debug_sfnames) }
  /* DWARF 1.1 and DWARF 2 */
  .debug_aranges  0 : { *(.debug_aranges) }
  .debug_pubnames 0 : { *(.debug_pubnames) }
  /* DWARF 2 */
  .debug_info     0 : { *(.debug_info .gnu.linkonce.wi.*) }
  .debug_abbrev   0 : { *(.debug_abbrev) }
  .debug_line     0 : { *(.debug_line) }
  .debug_frame    0 : { *(.debug_frame) }
  .debug_str      0 : { *(.debug_str) }
  .debug_loc      0 : { *(.debug_loc) }
  .debug_macinfo  0 : { *(.debug_macinfo) }
  /* SGI/MIPS DWARF 2 extensions */
  .debug_weaknames 0 : { *(.debug_weaknames) }
  .debug_funcnames 0 : { *(.debug_funcnames) }
  .debug_typenames 0 : { *(.debug_typenames) }
  .debug_varnames  0 : { *(.debug_varnames) }
}

/* PIC32MX linker script for CodeSourcery GCC toolchain
**
** Links a complete application to run from PIC32MX flash, including
** initialization from power-on reset, interrupt vectors, etc.
**
** History:
**   20090926 DRNadler: Per CodeSourcery, ENTRY is __cs3_reset_PIC32MX
**   20090830 DRNadler: Minimal C++ demonstration version (KSEG1)
**   20090713 DRNadler: Reset reason stored in RAM0
**   20090511 DRNadler: Original coding
**
** For reference, see:
** - CodeSourcery G++ 4.3-80 linker script for malta-24kc
** - Microchip "elf32pic32mx.x" generic PIC32 link script
** - Microchip 32MX440F256H processor-specific "procdef.ld" definitions
*/

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2009 Dave Nadler
 * Copyright (c) 2007, 2008 CodeSourcery, Inc.
 *
 * The authors hereby grant permission to use, copy, modify, distribute,
 * and license this software and its documentation for any purpose, provided
 * that existing copyright notices are retained in all copies and that this
 * notice is included verbatim in any distributions.  No written agreement,
 * license, or royalty fee is required for any of the authorized uses.
 * Modifications to this software may be copyrighted by their authors
 * and need not follow the licensing terms described here, provided that
 * the new terms are clearly indicated on the first page of each file where
 * they apply.
 */
OUTPUT_ARCH(mips)
ENTRY(__cs3_reset_PIC32MX) /* for debugger support, use actual HW-level entry and not _start */
SEARCH_DIR(.)
/* Force repeated search of CS3 and GCC libraries */
GROUP(-lcs3hal -lgcc -lc -lcs3 -lcs3unhosted)
/**/

/*
** NOTE: Device programmers require PIC32MX "physical" addresses.
** PIC32MX "physical" addresses ::= "virtual" addresses & 0x1FFFffff
** LD's >AT directive is incapable of performing this mapping,
** as it does not respect alignment/padding performed in the virtual space.
** Therefore, this address mask operation must be performed by:
** - address masking by the device programmer's software, or
** - post-processing of ELF or HEX file prior device programming
*/

MEMORY
{
  ram0 (!r!x) : ORIGIN = 0xA0000000, LENGTH = 16     /* tiny part of RAM reserved for startup code */
  ram  (!r!x) : ORIGIN = 0xA0000010, LENGTH = 64K-16 /* not read-only, not executable */
  /*
  ** Memory map here is based on executing in KSEG1 mode.
  ** PIC32MX flash is broken into user flash and boot flash.
  ** Boot flash contains the configuration words required for reset.
  ** The following are KSEG1 logical addresses (??? should change to KSEG0 to enable caches).
  */
  PIC32MX_flash_userboot (rx) : ORIGIN = 0xBD000000, LENGTH = 0x1000
  PIC32MX_flash_user (rx) : ORIGIN = 0xBD001000, LENGTH = 512K - 4K /*we skipped the first page to allow for the interrupt vector table. There is a lot of free space there, but linking needs to flow around existing absolute sections there. */
  /*
  ** When PIC32MX comes out of reset, it branches to the start of the boot flash
  ** The last (4kb) page in Boot Flash Memory contains the DEBUG Page, which is reserved for
  ** use by (some) debugger tool while debugging (by convention, not by hardware).
  */
  PIC32MX_flash_boot (rx) : ORIGIN = 0xBFC00000, LENGTH = 0x0 /* Don't allow stuff in the boot flash, there is a bootloader there */
}

/*
** Interrupt vector spacing 1 (ie 0x20 or 32 bytes/vector).
** TEMPORARY: located at end of bootflash for now (this is "debug page")...
** 0xBFC03000-(0x10 config registers + 0x200+ (64 vectors * x20))= 0xBFC025F0
*/
_vector_spacing = 0x00000001;
_ebase_address  = 0xBD000000; /* must be on a 4kb page boundary; rounded down */

/* These force the linker to search for particular symbols from
 * the start of the link process and thus ensure the user's
 * overrides are picked up
 */
EXTERN(__cs3_reset_PIC32MX)
/* EXTERN(_start)
EXTERN(__cs3_start_c main __cs3_stack __cs3_heap_end) */

/*
 * Provide for a minimum stack and heap size
 * - _min_stack_size - represents the minimum space that must be made
 *                     available for the stack.  Can be overridden from
 *                     the command line using the linker's --defsym option.
 * - _min_heap_size  - represents the minimum space that must be made
 *                     available for the heap.  Can be overridden from
 *                     the command line using the linker's --defsym option.
 */
EXTERN (_min_stack_size _min_heap_size)
PROVIDE(_min_stack_size = 9k) ;
PROVIDE(_min_heap_size  = 9k) ;
PROVIDE(__cs3_heap_start = _end );
PROVIDE(__cs3_heap_end = __cs3_region_start_ram + __cs3_region_size_ram - _min_stack_size);
PROVIDE(__cs3_stack = __cs3_region_start_ram + __cs3_region_size_ram); /* stack grows down from end of RAM */

HEAP_SPACE_AVAILABLE = (__cs3_heap_end - __cs3_heap_start);
ASSERT( HEAP_SPACE_AVAILABLE >= _min_heap_size , "Not enough heap space");

PROVIDE(__cs3_region_num = (__cs3_regions_end - __cs3_regions) / 20);

SECTIONS
{
  /*
  ** First thing in  flash area must be 'reset' code, which must be
  ** short enough it doesn't land in bootstrap exception address (unless
  ** bootstrap exception is unused).
  */
  .boot_flash_text :
  {
    PROVIDE(__cs3_reset_PIC32MX = _start);
    __cs3_reset = __cs3_reset_PIC32MX;
    *(.cs3.reset)

  } >PIC32MX_flash_userboot

  /*
  ** "Normal" code in user flash
  */
  .text :
  {
    CREATE_OBJECT_SYMBOLS /* create symbols for each input file - why ??? */

    __cs3_region_start_rom = .;
    *(.cs3.region-head.rom)
    ASSERT (. == __cs3_region_start_rom, ".cs3.region-head.rom not permitted");

    /* "normal" code follows... */
    *(.text .text.* .gnu.linkonce.t.*)

    . = ALIGN(0x4);
    KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.jcr))
    KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o) .jcr))
    KEEP (*crtend.o(.jcr))

    . = ALIGN(0x4);
    *(.gcc_except_table .gcc_except_table.*)
    *(.gnu_extab .gnu_extab.*)
  } >PIC32MX_flash_user

  .eh_frame_hdr : ALIGN (4)
  {
    KEEP (*(.eh_frame_hdr))
    *(.eh_frame_entry .eh_frame_entry.*)
  } >PIC32MX_flash_user

  .eh_frame : ALIGN (4)
  {
    KEEP (*(.eh_frame .eh_frame.*))
  }  >PIC32MX_flash_user

  /* MDI semihosting uses a pointer in this section.  */
  .sdeosabi : ALIGN (4)
  {
    *(.sdeosabi)
  } >ram

  .rodata : ALIGN (4)
  {
    *(.rodata .rodata.* .gnu.linkonce.r.*)

    . = ALIGN(4);
    KEEP(*(.init))

    . = ALIGN(4);
    __preinit_array_start = .;
    KEEP (*(.preinit_array))
    __preinit_array_end = .;

    . = ALIGN(4);
    __init_array_start = .;
    KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*)))
    KEEP (*(.init_array))
    __init_array_end = .;

    . = ALIGN(4);
    KEEP(*(.fini))

    . = ALIGN(4);
    __fini_array_start = .;
    KEEP (*(.fini_array))
    KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*)))
    __fini_array_end = .;

    . = ALIGN(0x4);
    KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.ctors))
    KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o) .ctors))
    KEEP (*(SORT(.ctors.*)))
    KEEP (*crtend.o(.ctors))

    . = ALIGN(0x4);
    KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.dtors))
    KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o) .dtors))
    KEEP (*(SORT(.dtors.*)))
    KEEP (*crtend.o(.dtors))

    *(.lit)

    . = ALIGN(4);
    __cs3_regions = .;
    LONG (0)
    LONG (__cs3_region_init_ram)
    LONG (__cs3_region_start_ram)
    LONG (__cs3_region_init_size_ram)
    LONG (__cs3_region_zero_size_ram)
    __cs3_regions_end = .;

    . = ALIGN (8);
    /* Redundant, removed: . = ALIGN (8); */

    _etext = .; /* first double-word past end of text, and start address for RAM initialization data stored in ROM */
  }  >PIC32MX_flash_user

  __cs3_region_size_rom = LENGTH(PIC32MX_flash_user); /* just total size of flash */

  /*
  ** Initialized data is linked for RAM, but placed in ROM using the AT> directive.
  ** Startup code copies it to RAM during initialization.
  ** WARNING: Must follow _etext !!
  */
  .data : ALIGN (8)
  {
    __cs3_region_start_ram = .;
    *(.got.plt) *(.got)
    *(.shdata)
    *(.data .data.* .gnu.linkonce.d.*)
    . = ALIGN(8);
    /*
    ** GP-relative addressing permits fast access via single instruction addressing,
    ** using a signed 16-bit offset (i.e. -32768 to 32767) from the gp register.
    ** Set GP to the middle of the "small data" area, then link in up to 64k
    ** of "small data"....
    */
    _gp = . + 0x8000; /* beginning of "small data" plus 32k */
    *(.lit8)
    *(.lit4)
    *(.sdata .sdata.* .gnu.linkonce.s.*)

    /* this magic is needed for the device tables of openMRN */
    . = ALIGN (8);
    KEEP(*( SORT (.device.table.*))) ;

    . = ALIGN (8);
    *(.ram)
    _edata = .;
  } >ram  AT>PIC32MX_flash_user

  /* Wrong, length just gives 256k size of flash: USER_FLASH_USED = LENGTH(PIC32MX_flash_user)+SIZEOF(.data); */

  /* DRN: The following is wrong; doesn't mark end of RAM copy...
  /* For diagnostic use only, mark end of initialized-data copy in ROM */
  /* .edata_copy_end :
  /* {
  /*   _edata_copy_end = .;
  /*   LONG(0) /* force LD to output this section (empty sections are discarded) */
  /* } >PIC32MX_flash_user
  */

  /* data written by startup code and NOT to be initialized by CS3 */
  .startup_data :
  {
    *(.reset_data)
  } >ram0

  /* Un-initialized data, zero'd by CS3 C-language initialization module */
  .bss :
  {
    *(.sbss .sbss.* .gnu.linkonce.sb.*)
    *(.scommon)
    *(.shbss)
    *(.bss .bss.* .gnu.linkonce.b.*)
    *(COMMON)
    . = ALIGN (8);
    *(.ram.b)
    _end = .;
    __end = .;
  } >ram

  /* __cs3_region_end_ram is deprecated */
  /*__cs3_region_end_ram = __cs3_region_start_ram + LENGTH(ram);*/
  __cs3_region_size_ram = LENGTH(ram);
  /* WRONG: load address is PHYSICAL, not logical address:  __cs3_region_init_ram = LOADADDR (.data);  WRONG */
  /*  __cs3_region_init_ram = _etext; /* DRN updated this; seems correct... */
  __cs3_region_init_ram = LOADADDR(.data);
  __cs3_region_init_size_ram = _edata - ADDR (.data);
  __cs3_region_zero_size_ram = _end - _edata;

  /* Compute space available for stack+heap... */
  AVAILABLE_RAM_FOR_STACK_PLUS_HEAP = LENGTH(ram)-(SIZEOF(.data)+SIZEOF(.bss));

  /* ============================  Interrupt Branch Vectors  =========================== */
  .gen_exception _ebase_address + 0x180 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.gen_handler))
  }

  .vector_0 _ebase_address + 0x200 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_0))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_0) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 0 too large")
  .vector_1 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 1 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_1))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_1) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 1 too large")
  .vector_2 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 2 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_2))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_2) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 2 too large")
  .vector_3 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 3 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_3))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_3) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 3 too large")
  .vector_4 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 4 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_4))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_4) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 4 too large")
  .vector_5 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 5 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_5))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_5) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 5 too large")
  .vector_6 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 6 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_6))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_6) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 6 too large")
  .vector_7 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 7 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_7))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_7) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 7 too large")
  .vector_8 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 8 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_8))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_8) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 8 too large")
  .vector_9 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 9 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_9))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_9) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 9 too large")
  .vector_10 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 10 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_10))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_10) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 10 too large")
  .vector_11 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 11 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_11))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_11) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 11 too large")
  .vector_12 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 12 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_12))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_12) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 12 too large")
  .vector_13 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 13 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_13))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_13) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 13 too large")
  .vector_14 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 14 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_14))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_14) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 14 too large")
  .vector_15 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 15 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_15))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_15) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 15 too large")
  .vector_16 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 16 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_16))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_16) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 16 too large")
  .vector_17 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 17 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_17))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_17) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 17 too large")
  .vector_18 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 18 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_18))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_18) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 18 too large")
  .vector_19 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 19 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_19))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_19) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 19 too large")
  .vector_20 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 20 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_20))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_20) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 20 too large")
  .vector_21 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 21 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_21))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_21) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 21 too large")
  .vector_22 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 22 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_22))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_22) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 22 too large")
  .vector_23 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 23 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_23))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_23) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 23 too large")
  .vector_24 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 24 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_24))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_24) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 24 too large")
  .vector_25 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 25 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_25))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_25) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 25 too large")
  .vector_26 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 26 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_26))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_26) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 26 too large")
  .vector_27 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 27 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_27))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_27) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 27 too large")
  .vector_28 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 28 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_28))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_28) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 28 too large")
  .vector_29 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 29 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_29))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_29) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 29 too large")
  .vector_30 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 30 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_30))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_30) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 30 too large")
  .vector_31 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 31 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_31))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_31) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 31 too large")
  .vector_32 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 32 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_32))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_32) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 32 too large")
  .vector_33 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 33 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_33))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_33) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 33 too large")
  .vector_34 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 34 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_34))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_34) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 34 too large")
  .vector_35 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 35 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_35))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_35) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 35 too large")
  .vector_36 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 36 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_36))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_36) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 36 too large")
  .vector_37 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 37 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_37))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_37) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 37 too large")
  .vector_38 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 38 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_38))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_38) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 38 too large")
  .vector_39 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 39 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_39))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_39) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 39 too large")
  .vector_40 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 40 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_40))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_40) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 40 too large")
  .vector_41 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 41 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_41))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_41) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 41 too large")
  .vector_42 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 42 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_42))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_42) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 42 too large")
  .vector_43 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 43 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_43))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_43) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 43 too large")
  .vector_44 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 44 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_44))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_44) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 44 too large")
  .vector_45 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 45 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_45))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_45) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 45 too large")
  .vector_46 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 46 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_46))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_46) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 46 too large")
  .vector_47 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 47 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_47))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_47) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 47 too large")
  .vector_48 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 48 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_48))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_48) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 48 too large")
  .vector_49 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 49 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_49))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_49) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 49 too large")
  .vector_50 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 50 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_50))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_50) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 50 too large")
  .vector_51 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 51 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_51))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_51) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 51 too large")
  .vector_52 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 52 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_52))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_52) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 52 too large")
  .vector_53 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 53 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_53))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_53) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 53 too large")
  .vector_54 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 54 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_54))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_54) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 54 too large")
  .vector_55 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 55 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_55))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_55) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 55 too large")
  .vector_56 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 56 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_56))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_56) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 56 too large")
  .vector_57 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 57 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_57))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_57) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 57 too large")
  .vector_58 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 58 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_58))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_58) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 58 too large")
  .vector_59 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 59 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_59))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_59) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 59 too large")
  .vector_60 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 60 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_60))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_60) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 60 too large")
  .vector_61 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 61 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_61))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_61) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 61 too large")
  .vector_62 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 62 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_62))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_62) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 62 too large")
  .vector_63 _ebase_address + 0x200 + (_vector_spacing << 5) * 63 :
  {
    KEEP(*(.vector_63))
  }
  ASSERT (_vector_spacing == 0 || SIZEOF(.vector_63) <= (_vector_spacing << 5), "function at exception vector 63 too large")
  /* ============================  End Interrupt Branch Vectors  =========================== */

  .stab 0 (NOLOAD) : { *(.stab) }
  .stabstr 0 (NOLOAD) : { *(.stabstr) }
  /* DWARF debug sections.
   * Symbols in the DWARF debugging sections are relative to the beginning
   * of the section so we begin them at 0.  */
  /* DWARF 1 */
  .debug          0 : { *(.debug) }
  .line           0 : { *(.line) }
  /* GNU DWARF 1 extensions */
  .debug_srcinfo  0 : { *(.debug_srcinfo) }
  .debug_sfnames  0 : { *(.debug_sfnames) }
  /* DWARF 1.1 and DWARF 2 */
  .debug_aranges  0 : { *(.debug_aranges) }
  .debug_pubnames 0 : { *(.debug_pubnames) }
  /* DWARF 2 */
  .debug_info     0 : { *(.debug_info .gnu.linkonce.wi.*) }
  .debug_abbrev   0 : { *(.debug_abbrev) }
  .debug_line     0 : { *(.debug_line) }
  .debug_frame    0 : { *(.debug_frame) }
  .debug_str      0 : { *(.debug_str) }
  .debug_loc      0 : { *(.debug_loc) }
  .debug_macinfo  0 : { *(.debug_macinfo) }
  /* SGI/MIPS DWARF 2 extensions */
  .debug_weaknames 0 : { *(.debug_weaknames) }
  .debug_funcnames 0 : { *(.debug_funcnames) }
  .debug_typenames 0 : { *(.debug_typenames) }
  .debug_varnames  0 : { *(.debug_varnames) }
}


Fix linker script

Fix linker script

/*
*****************************************************************************
**
**  File        : stm32_flash.ld
**
**  Abstract    : Linker script for STM32F429ZI Device with
**                2048KByte FLASH, 192KByte RAM
**
**                Set heap size, stack size and stack location according
**                to application requirements.
**
**                Set memory bank area and size if external memory is used.
**
**  Target      : STMicroelectronics STM32
**
**  Environment : Atollic TrueSTUDIO(R)
**
**  Distribution: The file is distributed as is, without any warranty
**                of any kind.
**
**  (c)Copyright Atollic AB.
**  You may use this file as-is or modify it according to the needs of your
**  project. This file may only be built (assembled or compiled and linked)
**  using the Atollic TrueSTUDIO(R) product. The use of this file together
**  with other tools than Atollic TrueSTUDIO(R) is not permitted.
**
*****************************************************************************
*/

/* Entry Point */
ENTRY(Reset_Handler)

/* Highest address of the user mode stack */
_estack = 0x2002FFFF;    /* end of RAM */

/* Generate a link error if heap and stack don't fit into RAM */
_Min_Heap_Size = 0x800;      /* required amount of heap  */
_Min_Stack_Size = 0x800; /* required amount of stack */

/* Specify the memory areas */
MEMORY
{
FLASH (rx)      : ORIGIN = 0x8000000, LENGTH = 2048K
RAM (xrw)      : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 192K
CCMRAM (rw)      : ORIGIN = 0x10000000, LENGTH = 64K
}

/* Define output sections */
SECTIONS
{
  /* The startup code goes first into FLASH */
  .isr_vector :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    KEEP(*(.isr_vector)) /* Startup code */
    . = ALIGN(4);
  } >FLASH

  /* The program code and other data goes into FLASH */
  .text :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    *(.text)           /* .text sections (code) */
    *(.text*)          /* .text* sections (code) */
    *(.glue_7)         /* glue arm to thumb code */
    *(.glue_7t)        /* glue thumb to arm code */
    *(.eh_frame)

    KEEP (*(.init))
    KEEP (*(.fini))

    . = ALIGN(4);
    _etext = .;        /* define a global symbols at end of code */
  } >FLASH

  /* Constant data goes into FLASH */
  .rodata :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    *(.rodata)         /* .rodata sections (constants, strings, etc.) */
    *(.rodata*)        /* .rodata* sections (constants, strings, etc.) */
    . = ALIGN(4);
  } >FLASH

  .ARM.extab   : { *(.ARM.extab* .gnu.linkonce.armextab.*) } >FLASH
  .ARM : {
    __exidx_start = .;
    *(.ARM.exidx*)
    __exidx_end = .;
  } >FLASH

  .preinit_array     :
  {
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_start = .);
    KEEP (*(.preinit_array*))
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_end = .);
  } >FLASH
  .init_array :
  {
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_start = .);
    KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*)))
    KEEP (*(.init_array*))
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_end = .);
  } >FLASH
  .fini_array :
  {
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_start = .);
    KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*)))
    KEEP (*(.fini_array*))
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_end = .);
  } >FLASH

  /* used by the startup to initialize data */
  _sidata = LOADADDR(.data);

  /* Initialized data sections goes into RAM, load LMA copy after code */
  .data :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    _sdata = .;        /* create a global symbol at data start */
    *(.data)           /* .data sections */
    *(.data*)          /* .data* sections */

    . = ALIGN(4);
    _edata = .;        /* define a global symbol at data end */
  } >RAM AT> FLASH

  _siccmram = LOADADDR(.ccmram);

  /* CCM-RAM section
  *
  * IMPORTANT NOTE!
  * If initialized variables will be placed in this section,
  * the startup code needs to be modified to copy the init-values.
  */
  .ccmram :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    _sccmram = .;       /* create a global symbol at ccmram start */
    *(.ccmram)
    *(.ccmram*)

    . = ALIGN(4);
    _eccmram = .;       /* create a global symbol at ccmram end */
  } >CCMRAM AT> FLASH

  /* Uninitialized data section */
  . = ALIGN(4);
  .bss :
  {
    /* This is used by the startup in order to initialize the .bss secion */
    _sbss = .;         /* define a global symbol at bss start */
    __bss_start__ = _sbss;
    *(.bss)
    *(.bss*)
    *(COMMON)

    . = ALIGN(4);
    _ebss = .;         /* define a global symbol at bss end */
    __bss_end__ = _ebss;
  } >RAM

  /* User_heap_stack section, used to check that there is enough RAM left */
  ._user_heap_stack :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    PROVIDE ( end = . );
    PROVIDE ( _end = . );
    . = . + _Min_Heap_Size;
    . = . + _Min_Stack_Size;
    . = ALIGN(4);
  } >RAM

  /* Remove information from the standard libraries */
  /DISCARD/ :
  {
    libc.a ( * )
    libm.a ( * )
    libgcc.a ( * )
  }

  .ARM.attributes 0 : { *(.ARM.attributes) }
}


cpu: cortex_common: Add entry point to tell gdb where to start

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *         SAM Software Package License
 * ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Copyright (c) 2012, Atmel Corporation
 *
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following condition is met:
 *
 * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 * this list of conditions and the disclaimer below.
 *
 * Atmel's name may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 * this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * DISCLAIMER: THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY ATMEL "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT ARE
 * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL ATMEL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA,
 * OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE,
 * EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 * ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

OUTPUT_FORMAT("elf32-littlearm", "elf32-littlearm", "elf32-littlearm")
OUTPUT_ARCH(arm)
SEARCH_DIR(.)

/* This is only used by gdb to understand where to start */
ENTRY(reset_handler_default)

/* Section Definitions */
SECTIONS
{
    .text :
    {
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _sfixed = .;
        KEEP(*(.vectors .vectors.*))
        *(.text .text.* .gnu.linkonce.t.*)
        *(.glue_7t) *(.glue_7)
        *(.rodata .rodata* .gnu.linkonce.r.*)
        *(.ARM.extab* .gnu.linkonce.armextab.*)

        /* Support C constructors, and C destructors in both user code
           and the C library. This also provides support for C++ code. */
        . = ALIGN(4);
        KEEP(*(.init))
        . = ALIGN(4);
        __preinit_array_start = .;
        KEEP (*(.preinit_array))
        __preinit_array_end = .;

        . = ALIGN(4);
        __init_array_start = .;
        KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*)))
        KEEP (*(.init_array))
        __init_array_end = .;

        . = ALIGN(0x4);
        KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.ctors))
        KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o) .ctors))
        KEEP (*(SORT(.ctors.*)))
        KEEP (*crtend.o(.ctors))

        . = ALIGN(4);
        KEEP(*(.fini))

        . = ALIGN(4);
        __fini_array_start = .;
        KEEP (*(.fini_array))
        KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*)))
        __fini_array_end = .;

        KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.dtors))
        KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o) .dtors))
        KEEP (*(SORT(.dtors.*)))
        KEEP (*crtend.o(.dtors))

        . = ALIGN(4);
        _efixed = .;            /* End of text section */
    } > rom

    /* .ARM.exidx is sorted, so has to go in its own output section.  */
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__exidx_start = .);
    .ARM.exidx :
    {
      *(.ARM.exidx* .gnu.linkonce.armexidx.*)
    } > rom
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__exidx_end = .);

    /* exception handling */
    . = ALIGN(4);
    .eh_frame :
    {
        KEEP (*(.eh_frame))
    } > rom

    . = ALIGN(4);
    _etext = .;

    /* stack section */
    .stack (NOLOAD):
    {
        . = ALIGN(8);
        _sstack = .;
        KEEP (*(.isr_stack))
        . = ALIGN(8);
        _estack = .;
    } > ram

    .relocate : AT (_etext)
    {
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _srelocate = .;
        *(.ramfunc .ramfunc.*);
        *(.data .data.*);
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _erelocate = .;
    } > ram

    /* .bss section which is used for uninitialized data */
    .bss (NOLOAD) :
    {
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _sbss = . ;
        _szero = .;
        *(.bss .bss.*)
        *(COMMON)
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _ebss = . ;
        _ezero = .;
    } > ram

    /* heap section */
    . = ALIGN(4);
    _sheap = . ;
    _eheap = ORIGIN(ram) + LENGTH(ram);

    /* Populate information abour ram size */
    _sram = ORIGIN(ram);
    _eram = ORIGIN(ram) + LENGTH(ram);
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *         SAM Software Package License
 * ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Copyright (c) 2012, Atmel Corporation
 *
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following condition is met:
 *
 * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 * this list of conditions and the disclaimer below.
 *
 * Atmel's name may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 * this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * DISCLAIMER: THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY ATMEL "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT ARE
 * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL ATMEL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA,
 * OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE,
 * EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 * ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

OUTPUT_FORMAT("elf32-littlearm", "elf32-littlearm", "elf32-littlearm")
OUTPUT_ARCH(arm)
SEARCH_DIR(.)

/* Section Definitions */
SECTIONS
{
    .text :
    {
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _sfixed = .;
        KEEP(*(.vectors .vectors.*))
        *(.text .text.* .gnu.linkonce.t.*)
        *(.glue_7t) *(.glue_7)
        *(.rodata .rodata* .gnu.linkonce.r.*)
        *(.ARM.extab* .gnu.linkonce.armextab.*)

        /* Support C constructors, and C destructors in both user code
           and the C library. This also provides support for C++ code. */
        . = ALIGN(4);
        KEEP(*(.init))
        . = ALIGN(4);
        __preinit_array_start = .;
        KEEP (*(.preinit_array))
        __preinit_array_end = .;

        . = ALIGN(4);
        __init_array_start = .;
        KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*)))
        KEEP (*(.init_array))
        __init_array_end = .;

        . = ALIGN(0x4);
        KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.ctors))
        KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o) .ctors))
        KEEP (*(SORT(.ctors.*)))
        KEEP (*crtend.o(.ctors))

        . = ALIGN(4);
        KEEP(*(.fini))

        . = ALIGN(4);
        __fini_array_start = .;
        KEEP (*(.fini_array))
        KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*)))
        __fini_array_end = .;

        KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.dtors))
        KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o) .dtors))
        KEEP (*(SORT(.dtors.*)))
        KEEP (*crtend.o(.dtors))

        . = ALIGN(4);
        _efixed = .;            /* End of text section */
    } > rom

    /* .ARM.exidx is sorted, so has to go in its own output section.  */
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__exidx_start = .);
    .ARM.exidx :
    {
      *(.ARM.exidx* .gnu.linkonce.armexidx.*)
    } > rom
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__exidx_end = .);

    /* exception handling */
    . = ALIGN(4);
    .eh_frame :
    {
        KEEP (*(.eh_frame))
    } > rom

    . = ALIGN(4);
    _etext = .;

    /* stack section */
    .stack (NOLOAD):
    {
        . = ALIGN(8);
        _sstack = .;
        KEEP (*(.isr_stack))
        . = ALIGN(8);
        _estack = .;
    } > ram

    .relocate : AT (_etext)
    {
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _srelocate = .;
        *(.ramfunc .ramfunc.*);
        *(.data .data.*);
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _erelocate = .;
    } > ram

    /* .bss section which is used for uninitialized data */
    .bss (NOLOAD) :
    {
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _sbss = . ;
        _szero = .;
        *(.bss .bss.*)
        *(COMMON)
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _ebss = . ;
        _ezero = .;
    } > ram

    /* heap section */
    . = ALIGN(4);
    _sheap = . ;
    _eheap = ORIGIN(ram) + LENGTH(ram);

    /* Populate information abour ram size */
    _sram = ORIGIN(ram);
    _eram = ORIGIN(ram) + LENGTH(ram);
}


changes to ld script for C++

changes to ld script for C++

ENTRY(nautilus_entry)

SECTIONS
{
    . = 0x100000;

    .boot :
    {
        *(.mbhdr)
        _loadStart = .;
        *(.boot)
        . = ALIGN(4096);
        pml4 = .;
        . += 0x1000;
        pdpt = .;
        . += 0x1000;
        pd = .;
        . += 0x1000;

        /* stack */
        . += 0x4000;
        boot_stack = .;
        . += 0x1000; /* TODO: remove this, for now to be safe... */
    }

    .text ALIGN(0x1000) :
    {
        *(.text*)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.t*)
    }

    .init_array ALIGN(0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.text) + SIZEOF(.text))
    {
        *(.init_array*)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.init_array*)
    }

    .gcc_except_table ALIGN(0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.init_array) + SIZEOF(.init_array))
    {
        *(.gcc_except_table*)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.gcc_except*)
    }

    .data ALIGN(0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.gcc_except_table) + SIZEOF(.gcc_except_table))
    {
        *(.data*)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.d*)
    }

    .rodata ALIGN(0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.data) + SIZEOF(.data))
    {
        *(.rodata*)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.r*)
    }

    .got ALIGN(0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.rodata)+SIZEOF(.rodata))
    {
        *(.got*)
        *(.gnu.linkconce.got*)
    }

    _loadEnd = .;

    .bss ALIGN(0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.rodata)+SIZEOF(.rodata))
    {
        *(COMMON)
        *(.bss*)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.b*)
    }

    _bssEnd = .;

    /DISCARD/ :
    {
        *(.comment)
        *(.eh_frame)
    }
}

ENTRY(nautilus_entry)

SECTIONS
{
    . = 0x100000;

    .boot :
    {
        *(.mbhdr)
        _loadStart = .;
        *(.boot)
        . = ALIGN(4096);
        pml4 = .;
        . += 0x1000;
        pdpt = .;
        . += 0x1000;
        pd = .;
        . += 0x1000;

        /* stack */
        . += 0x4000;
        boot_stack = .;
        . += 0x1000; /* TODO: remove this, for now to be safe... */
    }

    .text ALIGN(0x1000) :
    {
        *(.text)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.t*)
    }

    .data ALIGN(0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.text) + SIZEOF(.text))
    {
        *(.data)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.d*)
    }

    .rodata ALIGN(0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.data) + SIZEOF(.data))
    {
        *(.rodata*)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.r*)
    }

    _loadEnd = .;

    .bss ALIGN(0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.rodata)+SIZEOF(.rodata))
    {
        *(COMMON)
        *(.bss)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.b*)
    }

    _bssEnd = .;

    /DISCARD/ :
    {
        *(.comment)
        *(.eh_frame)
    }
}


linker: add missing symbols (only needed for debug build)

/* TODO(farcaller): layout_common isn't actually common. k20 keeps own copy */
__aeabi_unwind_cpp_pr0 = abort;
__aeabi_unwind_cpp_pr1 = abort;
__aeabi_unwind_cpp_pr2 = abort;
__exidx_start          = abort;
__exidx_end            = abort;

__aeabi_memclr4 = __aeabi_memclr;

SECTIONS
{
    .vector : ALIGN(4)
    {
        FILL(0xff)

        KEEP(*(.isr_vector))
        KEEP(*(.isr_vector_nvic))
    } > vectors

    .text : ALIGN(4)
    {
        FILL(0xff)
        *(.text*)
        *(.rodata .rodata.*)
    } > rom

    .data : ALIGN(4)
    {
        _data = .;

        *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.data*))
        . = ALIGN(4);

        _edata = .;
    } > ram AT>rom = 0xff

    .bss : ALIGN(4)
    {
        _bss = .;

        *(.bss*)
        *(COMMON)
        . = ALIGN(4);

        _ebss = .;

        . += 4;

        __STACK_LIMIT = .;

        . += 4;

        _eglobals = .;
    } > ram

    /DISCARD/ :
    {
        *(.glue_7*)  /* arm-thumb interworking */
        *(.v4_bx)  /* ARMv4 interworking fixup for missing BX */
        *(.vfp11_veneer)  /* VFP11 bugfixes s.a. http://sourceware.org/ml/binutils/2006-12/msg00196.html */
        *(.iplt .igot.plt)  /* STT_GNU_IFUNC symbols */
        *(.rel.*)  /* dynamic relocations */
        *(.ARM.exidx*) /* index entries for section unwinding */
        *(.ARM.extab*) /* exception unwinding information */
        *(.debug_gdb_scripts)
    }
}

/* TODO(farcaller): layout_common isn't actually common. k20 keeps own copy */
__aeabi_unwind_cpp_pr0 = abort;
__aeabi_unwind_cpp_pr1 = abort;
__aeabi_unwind_cpp_pr2 = abort;

__aeabi_memclr4 = __aeabi_memclr;

SECTIONS
{
    .vector : ALIGN(4)
    {
        FILL(0xff)

        KEEP(*(.isr_vector))
        KEEP(*(.isr_vector_nvic))
    } > vectors

    .text : ALIGN(4)
    {
        FILL(0xff)
        *(.text*)
        *(.rodata .rodata.*)
    } > rom

    .data : ALIGN(4)
    {
        _data = .;

        *(SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT(.data*))
        . = ALIGN(4);

        _edata = .;
    } > ram AT>rom = 0xff

    .bss : ALIGN(4)
    {
        _bss = .;

        *(.bss*)
        *(COMMON)
        . = ALIGN(4);

        _ebss = .;

        . += 4;

        __STACK_LIMIT = .;

        . += 4;

        _eglobals = .;
    } > ram

    /DISCARD/ :
    {
        *(.glue_7*)  /* arm-thumb interworking */
        *(.v4_bx)  /* ARMv4 interworking fixup for missing BX */
        *(.vfp11_veneer)  /* VFP11 bugfixes s.a. http://sourceware.org/ml/binutils/2006-12/msg00196.html */
        *(.iplt .igot.plt)  /* STT_GNU_IFUNC symbols */
        *(.rel.*)  /* dynamic relocations */
        *(.ARM.exidx*) /* index entries for section unwinding */
        *(.ARM.extab*) /* exception unwinding information */
        *(.debug_gdb_scripts)
    }
}


Strip debug symbols from user apps

Strip debug symbols from user apps

OUTPUT_FORMAT("elf32-i386")
OUTPUT_ARCH("i386")
ENTRY(_start)
SECTIONS {
    . = 0x500000;

    .text ALIGN (0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.text)) {
        *(.text.entry)
        *(.text.startup)
        *(.text)
        *(.rodata*)
    }
    _data_start = .;
    .data ALIGN (0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.data)) {
        *(.data)
    }
    .bss ALIGN (0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.bss)) {
        _sbss = .;
        *(COMMON)
        *(.bss)
        _ebss = .;
    }
    _data_end = .;
    /DISCARD/ : {
        *(.comment)
        *(.eh_frame)
    }
}

OUTPUT_FORMAT("elf32-i386")
OUTPUT_ARCH("i386")
ENTRY(_start)
SECTIONS {
    . = 0x500000;

    .text ALIGN (0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.text)) {
        *(.text.entry)
        *(.text.startup)
        *(.text)
        *(.rodata*)
    }
    _data_start = .;
    .data ALIGN (0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.data)) {
        *(.data)
    }
    .bss ALIGN (0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.bss)) {
        _sbss = .;
        *(COMMON)
        *(.bss)
        _ebss = .;
    }
    _data_end = .;
    /DISCARD/ : {
        *(.comment)
    }
}


switch.ld: update init_array/fini_array handling for latest devkitA64

OUTPUT_ARCH(aarch64)
ENTRY(_start)

PHDRS
{
	code   PT_LOAD FLAGS(5) /* Read | Execute */;
	rodata PT_LOAD FLAGS(4) /* Read */;
	data   PT_LOAD FLAGS(6) /* Read | Write */;
	dyn    PT_DYNAMIC;
}

SECTIONS
{
	/* =========== CODE section =========== */
	PROVIDE(__start__ = 0x0);
	. = __start__;
	__code_start = . ;

	.crt0 :
	{
		KEEP (*(.crt0))
		. = ALIGN(8);
	} :code

	.init :
	{
		KEEP( *(.init) )
		. = ALIGN(8);
	} :code

	.plt :
	{
		*(.plt)
		*(.iplt)
		. = ALIGN(8);
	} :code

	.text :
	{
		*(.text.unlikely .text.*_unlikely .text.unlikely.*)
		*(.text.exit .text.exit.*)
		*(.text.startup .text.startup.*)
		*(.text.hot .text.hot.*)
		*(.text .stub .text.* .gnu.linkonce.t.*)
		. = ALIGN(8);
	} :code

	.fini :
	{
		KEEP( *(.fini) )
		. = ALIGN(8);
	} :code

	/* =========== RODATA section =========== */
	. = ALIGN(0x1000);
	__rodata_start = . ;

	.nx-module-name : { KEEP (*(.nx-module-name)) } :rodata

	.rodata :
	{
		*(.rodata .rodata.* .gnu.linkonce.r.*)
		. = ALIGN(8);
	} :rodata

	.eh_frame_hdr     : { __eh_frame_hdr_start = .; *(.eh_frame_hdr) *(.eh_frame_entry .eh_frame_entry.*) __eh_frame_hdr_end = .; } :rodata
	.eh_frame         : ONLY_IF_RO { KEEP (*(.eh_frame)) *(.eh_frame.*) } :rodata
	.gcc_except_table : ONLY_IF_RO { *(.gcc_except_table .gcc_except_table.*) } :rodata
	.gnu_extab        : ONLY_IF_RO { *(.gnu_extab*) } : rodata

	.dynamic           : { *(.dynamic) } :rodata :dyn
	.dynsym            : { *(.dynsym) } :rodata
	.dynstr            : { *(.dynstr) } :rodata
	.rela.dyn          : { *(.rela.*) } :rodata
	.interp            : { *(.interp) } :rodata
	.hash              : { *(.hash) } :rodata
	.gnu.hash          : { *(.gnu.hash) } :rodata
	.gnu.version       : { *(.gnu.version) } :rodata
	.gnu.version_d     : { *(.gnu.version_d) } :rodata
	.gnu.version_r     : { *(.gnu.version_r) } :rodata
	.note.gnu.build-id : { *(.note.gnu.build-id) } :rodata

	/* =========== DATA section =========== */
	. = ALIGN(0x1000);
	__data_start = . ;

	.eh_frame : ONLY_IF_RW { KEEP (*(.eh_frame)) *(.eh_frame.*) } :data
	.gcc_except_table : ONLY_IF_RW { *(.gcc_except_table .gcc_except_table.*) } :data
	.gnu_extab : ONLY_IF_RW { *(.gnu_extab*) } : data
	.exception_ranges : ONLY_IF_RW { *(.exception_ranges .exception_ranges*) } :data

	.tdata ALIGN(8) :
	{
		__tdata_lma = .;
		*(.tdata .tdata.* .gnu.linkonce.td.*)
		. = ALIGN(8);
		__tdata_lma_end = .;
	} :data

	.tbss ALIGN(8) :
	{
		*(.tbss .tbss.* .gnu.linkonce.tb.*) *(.tcommon)
		. = ALIGN(8);
	} :data

	.preinit_array ALIGN(8) :
	{
		PROVIDE (__preinit_array_start = .);
		KEEP (*(.preinit_array))
		PROVIDE (__preinit_array_end = .);
	} :data

	.init_array ALIGN(8) :
	{
		PROVIDE (__init_array_start = .);
		KEEP( *(SORT_BY_INIT_PRIORITY(.init_array.*) SORT_BY_INIT_PRIORITY(.ctors.*)) )
		KEEP( *(.init_array .ctors) )
		PROVIDE (__init_array_end = .);
	} :data

	.fini_array ALIGN(8) :
	{
		PROVIDE (__fini_array_start = .);
		KEEP( *(SORT_BY_INIT_PRIORITY(.fini_array.*) SORT_BY_INIT_PRIORITY(.dtors.*)) )
		KEEP( *(.fini_array .dtors) )
		PROVIDE (__fini_array_end = .);
	} :data

	__got_start__ = .;

	.got            : { *(.got) *(.igot) } :data
	.got.plt        : { *(.got.plt)  *(.igot.plt) } :data

	__got_end__ = .;

	.data ALIGN(8) :
	{
		*(.data .data.* .gnu.linkonce.d.*)
		SORT(CONSTRUCTORS)
	} :data

	__bss_start__ = .;
	.bss ALIGN(8) :
	{
		*(.dynbss)
		*(.bss .bss.* .gnu.linkonce.b.*)
		*(COMMON)
		. = ALIGN(8);

		/* Reserve space for the TLS segment of the main thread */
		__tls_start = .;
		. += + SIZEOF(.tdata) + SIZEOF(.tbss);
		__tls_end = .;
	} : data
	__bss_end__ = .;

	__end__ = ABSOLUTE(.) ;

	. = ALIGN(0x1000);
	__argdata__ = ABSOLUTE(.) ;

	/* ==================
	   ==== Metadata ====
	   ================== */

	/* Discard sections that difficult post-processing */
	/DISCARD/ : { *(.group .comment .note) }

	/* Stabs debugging sections. */
	.stab          0 : { *(.stab) }
	.stabstr       0 : { *(.stabstr) }
	.stab.excl     0 : { *(.stab.excl) }
	.stab.exclstr  0 : { *(.stab.exclstr) }
	.stab.index    0 : { *(.stab.index) }
	.stab.indexstr 0 : { *(.stab.indexstr) }

	/* DWARF debug sections.
	   Symbols in the DWARF debugging sections are relative to the beginning
	   of the section so we begin them at 0. */

	/* DWARF 1 */
	.debug          0 : { *(.debug) }
	.line           0 : { *(.line) }

	/* GNU DWARF 1 extensions */
	.debug_srcinfo  0 : { *(.debug_srcinfo) }
	.debug_sfnames  0 : { *(.debug_sfnames) }

	/* DWARF 1.1 and DWARF 2 */
	.debug_aranges  0 : { *(.debug_aranges) }
	.debug_pubnames 0 : { *(.debug_pubnames) }

	/* DWARF 2 */
	.debug_info     0 : { *(.debug_info) }
	.debug_abbrev   0 : { *(.debug_abbrev) }
	.debug_line     0 : { *(.debug_line) }
	.debug_frame    0 : { *(.debug_frame) }
	.debug_str      0 : { *(.debug_str) }
	.debug_loc      0 : { *(.debug_loc) }
	.debug_macinfo  0 : { *(.debug_macinfo) }
}

OUTPUT_ARCH(aarch64)
ENTRY(_start)

PHDRS
{
	code   PT_LOAD FLAGS(5) /* Read | Execute */;
	rodata PT_LOAD FLAGS(4) /* Read */;
	data   PT_LOAD FLAGS(6) /* Read | Write */;
	dyn    PT_DYNAMIC;
}

SECTIONS
{
	/* =========== CODE section =========== */
	PROVIDE(__start__ = 0x0);
	. = __start__;
	__code_start = . ;

	.crt0 :
	{
		KEEP (*(.crt0))
		. = ALIGN(8);
	} :code

	.init :
	{
		KEEP( *(.init) )
		. = ALIGN(8);
	} :code

	.plt :
	{
		*(.plt)
		*(.iplt)
		. = ALIGN(8);
	} :code

	.text :
	{
		*(.text.unlikely .text.*_unlikely .text.unlikely.*)
		*(.text.exit .text.exit.*)
		*(.text.startup .text.startup.*)
		*(.text.hot .text.hot.*)
		*(.text .stub .text.* .gnu.linkonce.t.*)
		. = ALIGN(8);
	} :code

	.fini :
	{
		KEEP( *(.fini) )
		. = ALIGN(8);
	} :code

	/* =========== RODATA section =========== */
	. = ALIGN(0x1000);
	__rodata_start = . ;

	.nx-module-name : { KEEP (*(.nx-module-name)) } :rodata

	.rodata :
	{
		*(.rodata .rodata.* .gnu.linkonce.r.*)
		. = ALIGN(8);
	} :rodata

	.eh_frame_hdr     : { __eh_frame_hdr_start = .; *(.eh_frame_hdr) *(.eh_frame_entry .eh_frame_entry.*) __eh_frame_hdr_end = .; } :rodata
	.eh_frame         : ONLY_IF_RO { KEEP (*(.eh_frame)) *(.eh_frame.*) } :rodata
	.gcc_except_table : ONLY_IF_RO { *(.gcc_except_table .gcc_except_table.*) } :rodata
	.gnu_extab        : ONLY_IF_RO { *(.gnu_extab*) } : rodata

	.dynamic           : { *(.dynamic) } :rodata :dyn
	.dynsym            : { *(.dynsym) } :rodata
	.dynstr            : { *(.dynstr) } :rodata
	.rela.dyn          : { *(.rela.*) } :rodata
	.interp            : { *(.interp) } :rodata
	.hash              : { *(.hash) } :rodata
	.gnu.hash          : { *(.gnu.hash) } :rodata
	.gnu.version       : { *(.gnu.version) } :rodata
	.gnu.version_d     : { *(.gnu.version_d) } :rodata
	.gnu.version_r     : { *(.gnu.version_r) } :rodata
	.note.gnu.build-id : { *(.note.gnu.build-id) } :rodata

	/* =========== DATA section =========== */
	. = ALIGN(0x1000);
	__data_start = . ;

	.eh_frame : ONLY_IF_RW { KEEP (*(.eh_frame)) *(.eh_frame.*) } :data
	.gcc_except_table : ONLY_IF_RW { *(.gcc_except_table .gcc_except_table.*) } :data
	.gnu_extab : ONLY_IF_RW { *(.gnu_extab*) } : data
	.exception_ranges : ONLY_IF_RW { *(.exception_ranges .exception_ranges*) } :data

	.tdata ALIGN(8) :
	{
		__tdata_lma = .;
		*(.tdata .tdata.* .gnu.linkonce.td.*)
		. = ALIGN(8);
		__tdata_lma_end = .;
	} :data

	.tbss ALIGN(8) :
	{
		*(.tbss .tbss.* .gnu.linkonce.tb.*) *(.tcommon)
		. = ALIGN(8);
	} :data

	.preinit_array ALIGN(8) :
	{
		PROVIDE (__preinit_array_start = .);
		KEEP (*(.preinit_array))
		PROVIDE (__preinit_array_end = .);
	} :data

	.init_array ALIGN(8) :
	{
		PROVIDE (__init_array_start = .);
		KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*)))
		KEEP (*(.init_array))
		PROVIDE (__init_array_end = .);
	} :data

	.fini_array ALIGN(8) :
	{
		PROVIDE (__fini_array_start = .);
		KEEP (*(.fini_array))
		KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*)))
		PROVIDE (__fini_array_end = .);
	} :data

	.ctors ALIGN(8) :
	{
		KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.ctors)) /* MUST be first -- GCC requires it */
		KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o) .ctors))
		KEEP (*(SORT(.ctors.*)))
		KEEP (*(.ctors))
	} :data

	.dtors ALIGN(8) :
	{
		KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.dtors))
		KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o) .dtors))
		KEEP (*(SORT(.dtors.*)))
		KEEP (*(.dtors))
	} :data

	__got_start__ = .;

	.got            : { *(.got) *(.igot) } :data
	.got.plt        : { *(.got.plt)  *(.igot.plt) } :data

	__got_end__ = .;

	.data ALIGN(8) :
	{
		*(.data .data.* .gnu.linkonce.d.*)
		SORT(CONSTRUCTORS)
	} :data

	__bss_start__ = .;
	.bss ALIGN(8) :
	{
		*(.dynbss)
		*(.bss .bss.* .gnu.linkonce.b.*)
		*(COMMON)
		. = ALIGN(8);

		/* Reserve space for the TLS segment of the main thread */
		__tls_start = .;
		. += + SIZEOF(.tdata) + SIZEOF(.tbss);
		__tls_end = .;
	} : data
	__bss_end__ = .;

	__end__ = ABSOLUTE(.) ;

	. = ALIGN(0x1000);
	__argdata__ = ABSOLUTE(.) ;

	/* ==================
	   ==== Metadata ====
	   ================== */

	/* Discard sections that difficult post-processing */
	/DISCARD/ : { *(.group .comment .note) }

	/* Stabs debugging sections. */
	.stab          0 : { *(.stab) }
	.stabstr       0 : { *(.stabstr) }
	.stab.excl     0 : { *(.stab.excl) }
	.stab.exclstr  0 : { *(.stab.exclstr) }
	.stab.index    0 : { *(.stab.index) }
	.stab.indexstr 0 : { *(.stab.indexstr) }

	/* DWARF debug sections.
	   Symbols in the DWARF debugging sections are relative to the beginning
	   of the section so we begin them at 0. */

	/* DWARF 1 */
	.debug          0 : { *(.debug) }
	.line           0 : { *(.line) }

	/* GNU DWARF 1 extensions */
	.debug_srcinfo  0 : { *(.debug_srcinfo) }
	.debug_sfnames  0 : { *(.debug_sfnames) }

	/* DWARF 1.1 and DWARF 2 */
	.debug_aranges  0 : { *(.debug_aranges) }
	.debug_pubnames 0 : { *(.debug_pubnames) }

	/* DWARF 2 */
	.debug_info     0 : { *(.debug_info) }
	.debug_abbrev   0 : { *(.debug_abbrev) }
	.debug_line     0 : { *(.debug_line) }
	.debug_frame    0 : { *(.debug_frame) }
	.debug_str      0 : { *(.debug_str) }
	.debug_loc      0 : { *(.debug_loc) }
	.debug_macinfo  0 : { *(.debug_macinfo) }
}


set fsmc sram region size in linker script

/** Linker script for STM32F103ZG
 * vim: set softtabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 tabstop=4 expandtab:
 * \file src/platform/STM32F1032G.ld
 *
 * \author Chris Luke <chrisy@flirble.org>
 * \copyright Copyright (c) Chris Luke <chrisy@flirble.org>
 *
 * \copyright This file is distributed under the terms of the MIT License.
 * See the LICENSE file at the top of this tree, or if it is missing a copy can
 * be found at http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
 */

MEMORY
{
    flash (rx)        : ORIGIN = 0x08000000, LENGTH = 1M
    ram (rwx)         : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 96K
    stack (rw)        : ORIGIN = 0x20010000, LENGTH = 0K
    fsmc_bank1 (rw)   : ORIGIN = 0x60000000, LENGTH = 256M /* 256MB max */
    fsmc_bank1_1 (rw) : ORIGIN = 0x60000000, LENGTH = 64M  /* 64MB max */
    fsmc_bank1_2 (rw) : ORIGIN = 0x64000000, LENGTH = 64M  /* 64MB max */
    fsmc_bank1_3 (rw) : ORIGIN = 0x68000000, LENGTH = 1M   /* 64MB max */
    fsmc_bank1_4 (rw) : ORIGIN = 0x6c000000, LENGTH = 64M  /* 64MB max */
    fsmc_bank2 (rw)   : ORIGIN = 0x70000000, LENGTH = 256M /* 256MB max */
    fsmc_bank3 (rw)   : ORIGIN = 0x80000000, LENGTH = 256M /* 256MB max */
    fsmc_bank4 (rw)   : ORIGIN = 0x90000000, LENGTH = 256M /* 256MB max */
}

ENTRY(_crt0_init)

SECTIONS
{
    . = 0;

    .nvic_vector :
    {
        *(vectors)  /* Vector table */
    } >flash

    .info :
    {
        *(info)     /* Text info */
    } >flash

    .text :
    {
        *(.text)    /* Program code */
        *(.text.*)
        *(.rodata)  /* Read only data */
        *(.rodata.*)
    } >flash

    .data :
    {
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _mm_data_start = .;
        *(.data)    /* Data memory */
        *(.data.*)
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _mm_data_end = .;
    } >ram AT >flash
    _mm_datai_start = LOADADDR(.data);

    .bss :
    {
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _mm_bss_start = .;
        *(.bss)     /* BSS is zero-filled at runtime */
        *(.bss.*)
        *(COMMON)
        _mm_bss_end = .;
    } >ram

    .heap :
    {
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _mm_heap_start = .;
    } >ram

    .stack :
    {
        _mm_heap_end = .;
        _mm_stack_top = .;
    } >stack

    .fsmc_bank1 :
    {
        _fsmc_bank1_start = .;
        *(.fsmc_bank1)
        *(.fsmc_bank1.*)
        _fsmc_bank1_end = .;
    } >fsmc_bank1

    .fsmc_bank1_1 :
    {
        _fsmc_bank1_1_start = .;
        *(.fsmc_bank1_1)
        *(.fsmc_bank1_1.*)
        _fsmc_bank1_1_end = .;
    } >fsmc_bank1_1

    .fsmc_bank1_2 :
    {
        _fsmc_bank1_2_start = .;
        *(.fsmc_bank1_2)
        *(.fsmc_bank1_2.*)
        _fsmc_bank1_2_end = .;
    } >fsmc_bank1_2

    .fsmc_bank1_3 :
    {
        _fsmc_bank1_3_start = .;
        *(.fsmc_bank1_3)
        *(.fsmc_bank1_3.*)
        _fsmc_bank1_3_end = .;
    } >fsmc_bank1_3

    .fsmc_bank1_4 :
    {
        _fsmc_bank1_4_start = .;
        *(.fsmc_bank1_4)
        *(.fsmc_bank1_4.*)
        _fsmc_bank1_4_end = .;
    } >fsmc_bank1_4

    .fsmc_bank2 :
    {
        _fsmc_bank2_start = .;
        *(.fsmc_bank2)
        *(.fsmc_bank2.*)
        _fsmc_bank2_end = .;
    } >fsmc_bank2

    .fsmc_bank3 :
    {
        _fsmc_bank3_start = .;
        *(.fsmc_bank3)
        *(.fsmc_bank3.*)
        _fsmc_bank3_end = .;
    } >fsmc_bank3

    .fsmc_bank4 :
    {
        _fsmc_bank4_start = .;
        *(.fsmc_bank4)
        *(.fsmc_bank4.*)
        _fsmc_bank4_end = .;
    } >fsmc_bank4

    /* Stabs debugging sections.  */
    .stab          0 : { *(.stab) }
    .stabstr       0 : { *(.stabstr) }
    .stab.excl     0 : { *(.stab.excl) }
    .stab.exclstr  0 : { *(.stab.exclstr) }
    .stab.index    0 : { *(.stab.index) }
    .stab.indexstr 0 : { *(.stab.indexstr) }
    .comment       0 : { *(.comment) }
    /* DWARF debug sections.
       Symbols in the DWARF debugging sections are relative to the beginning
       of the section so we begin them at 0.  */
    /* DWARF 1 */
    .debug          0 : { *(.debug) }
    .line           0 : { *(.line) }
    /* GNU DWARF 1 extensions */
    .debug_srcinfo  0 : { *(.debug_srcinfo) }
    .debug_sfnames  0 : { *(.debug_sfnames) }
    /* DWARF 1.1 and DWARF 2 */
    .debug_aranges  0 : { *(.debug_aranges) }
    .debug_pubnames 0 : { *(.debug_pubnames) }
    /* DWARF 2 */
    .debug_info     0 : { *(.debug_info .gnu.linkonce.wi.*) }
    .debug_abbrev   0 : { *(.debug_abbrev) }
    .debug_line     0 : { *(.debug_line .debug_line.* .debug_line_end ) }
    .debug_frame    0 : { *(.debug_frame) }
    .debug_str      0 : { *(.debug_str) }
    .debug_loc      0 : { *(.debug_loc) }
    .debug_macinfo  0 : { *(.debug_macinfo) }
    /* SGI/MIPS DWARF 2 extensions */
    .debug_weaknames 0 : { *(.debug_weaknames) }
    .debug_funcnames 0 : { *(.debug_funcnames) }
    .debug_typenames 0 : { *(.debug_typenames) }
    .debug_varnames  0 : { *(.debug_varnames) }
    /* DWARF 3 */
    .debug_pubtypes 0 : { *(.debug_pubtypes) }
    .debug_ranges   0 : { *(.debug_ranges) }
    /* DWARF Extension.  */
    .debug_macro    0 : { *(.debug_macro) }

}

/** Linker script for STM32F103ZG
 * vim: set softtabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 tabstop=4 expandtab:
 * \file src/platform/STM32F1032G.ld
 *
 * \author Chris Luke <chrisy@flirble.org>
 * \copyright Copyright (c) Chris Luke <chrisy@flirble.org>
 *
 * \copyright This file is distributed under the terms of the MIT License.
 * See the LICENSE file at the top of this tree, or if it is missing a copy can
 * be found at http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
 */

MEMORY
{
    flash (rx)        : ORIGIN = 0x08000000, LENGTH = 1M
    ram (rwx)         : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 96K
    stack (rw)        : ORIGIN = 0x20010000, LENGTH = 0K
    fsmc_bank1 (rw)   : ORIGIN = 0x60000000, LENGTH = 256M /* 256MB max */
    fsmc_bank1_1 (rw) : ORIGIN = 0x60000000, LENGTH = 64M  /* 64MB max */
    fsmc_bank1_2 (rw) : ORIGIN = 0x64000000, LENGTH = 64M  /* 64MB max */
    fsmc_bank1_3 (rw) : ORIGIN = 0x68000000, LENGTH = 64M  /* 64MB max */
    fsmc_bank1_4 (rw) : ORIGIN = 0x6c000000, LENGTH = 64M  /* 64MB max */
    fsmc_bank2 (rw)   : ORIGIN = 0x70000000, LENGTH = 256M /* 256MB max */
    fsmc_bank3 (rw)   : ORIGIN = 0x80000000, LENGTH = 256M /* 256MB max */
    fsmc_bank4 (rw)   : ORIGIN = 0x90000000, LENGTH = 256M /* 256MB max */
}

ENTRY(_crt0_init)

SECTIONS
{
    . = 0;

    .nvic_vector :
    {
        *(vectors)  /* Vector table */
    } >flash

    .info :
    {
        *(info)     /* Text info */
    } >flash

    .text :
    {
        *(.text)    /* Program code */
        *(.text.*)
        *(.rodata)  /* Read only data */
        *(.rodata.*)
    } >flash

    .data :
    {
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _mm_data_start = .;
        *(.data)    /* Data memory */
        *(.data.*)
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _mm_data_end = .;
    } >ram AT >flash
    _mm_datai_start = LOADADDR(.data);

    .bss :
    {
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _mm_bss_start = .;
        *(.bss)     /* BSS is zero-filled at runtime */
        *(.bss.*)
        *(COMMON)
        _mm_bss_end = .;
    } >ram

    .heap :
    {
        . = ALIGN(4);
        _mm_heap_start = .;
    } >ram

    .stack :
    {
        _mm_heap_end = .;
        _mm_stack_top = .;
    } >stack

    .fsmc_bank1 :
    {
        _fsmc_bank1_start = .;
        *(.fsmc_bank1)
        *(.fsmc_bank1.*)
        _fsmc_bank1_end = .;
    } >fsmc_bank1

    .fsmc_bank1_1 :
    {
        _fsmc_bank1_1_start = .;
        *(.fsmc_bank1_1)
        *(.fsmc_bank1_1.*)
        _fsmc_bank1_1_end = .;
    } >fsmc_bank1_1

    .fsmc_bank1_2 :
    {
        _fsmc_bank1_2_start = .;
        *(.fsmc_bank1_2)
        *(.fsmc_bank1_2.*)
        _fsmc_bank1_2_end = .;
    } >fsmc_bank1_2

    .fsmc_bank1_3 :
    {
        _fsmc_bank1_3_start = .;
        *(.fsmc_bank1_3)
        *(.fsmc_bank1_3.*)
        _fsmc_bank1_3_end = .;
    } >fsmc_bank1_3

    .fsmc_bank1_4 :
    {
        _fsmc_bank1_4_start = .;
        *(.fsmc_bank1_4)
        *(.fsmc_bank1_4.*)
        _fsmc_bank1_4_end = .;
    } >fsmc_bank1_4

    .fsmc_bank2 :
    {
        _fsmc_bank2_start = .;
        *(.fsmc_bank2)
        *(.fsmc_bank2.*)
        _fsmc_bank2_end = .;
    } >fsmc_bank2

    .fsmc_bank3 :
    {
        _fsmc_bank3_start = .;
        *(.fsmc_bank3)
        *(.fsmc_bank3.*)
        _fsmc_bank3_end = .;
    } >fsmc_bank3

    .fsmc_bank4 :
    {
        _fsmc_bank4_start = .;
        *(.fsmc_bank4)
        *(.fsmc_bank4.*)
        _fsmc_bank4_end = .;
    } >fsmc_bank4

    /* Stabs debugging sections.  */
    .stab          0 : { *(.stab) }
    .stabstr       0 : { *(.stabstr) }
    .stab.excl     0 : { *(.stab.excl) }
    .stab.exclstr  0 : { *(.stab.exclstr) }
    .stab.index    0 : { *(.stab.index) }
    .stab.indexstr 0 : { *(.stab.indexstr) }
    .comment       0 : { *(.comment) }
    /* DWARF debug sections.
       Symbols in the DWARF debugging sections are relative to the beginning
       of the section so we begin them at 0.  */
    /* DWARF 1 */
    .debug          0 : { *(.debug) }
    .line           0 : { *(.line) }
    /* GNU DWARF 1 extensions */
    .debug_srcinfo  0 : { *(.debug_srcinfo) }
    .debug_sfnames  0 : { *(.debug_sfnames) }
    /* DWARF 1.1 and DWARF 2 */
    .debug_aranges  0 : { *(.debug_aranges) }
    .debug_pubnames 0 : { *(.debug_pubnames) }
    /* DWARF 2 */
    .debug_info     0 : { *(.debug_info .gnu.linkonce.wi.*) }
    .debug_abbrev   0 : { *(.debug_abbrev) }
    .debug_line     0 : { *(.debug_line .debug_line.* .debug_line_end ) }
    .debug_frame    0 : { *(.debug_frame) }
    .debug_str      0 : { *(.debug_str) }
    .debug_loc      0 : { *(.debug_loc) }
    .debug_macinfo  0 : { *(.debug_macinfo) }
    /* SGI/MIPS DWARF 2 extensions */
    .debug_weaknames 0 : { *(.debug_weaknames) }
    .debug_funcnames 0 : { *(.debug_funcnames) }
    .debug_typenames 0 : { *(.debug_typenames) }
    .debug_varnames  0 : { *(.debug_varnames) }
    /* DWARF 3 */
    .debug_pubtypes 0 : { *(.debug_pubtypes) }
    .debug_ranges   0 : { *(.debug_ranges) }
    /* DWARF Extension.  */
    .debug_macro    0 : { *(.debug_macro) }

}


fix in linker script

fix in linker script

ENTRY(nautilus_entry)

SECTIONS
{
    . = 0x100000;

    .boot :
    {
        *(.mbhdr)
        _loadStart = .;
        *(.boot)
        . = ALIGN(4096);
        pml4 = .;
        . += 0x1000;
        pdpt = .;
        . += 0x1000;
        pd = .;
        . += 0x1000;

        /* stack */
        . += 0x4000;
        boot_stack = .;
        . += 0x1000; /* TODO: remove this, for now to be safe... */
    }

    .text ALIGN(0x1000) :
    {
        *(.text*)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.t*)
    }

    .init_array ALIGN(0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.text) + SIZEOF(.text))
    {
        *(.init_array*)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.init_array*)
    }

    .gcc_except_table ALIGN(0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.init_array) + SIZEOF(.init_array))
    {
        *(.gcc_except_table*)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.gcc_except*)
    }

    .data ALIGN(0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.gcc_except_table) + SIZEOF(.gcc_except_table))
    {
        *(.data*)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.d*)
    }

    .rodata ALIGN(0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.data) + SIZEOF(.data))
    {
        *(.rodata*)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.r*)
    }

    .got ALIGN(0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.rodata)+SIZEOF(.rodata))
    {
        *(.got*)
        *(.gnu.linkconce.got*)
    }

    _loadEnd = .;

    .bss ALIGN(0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.got)+SIZEOF(.got))
    {
        *(COMMON)
        *(.bss*)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.b*)
    }

    _bssEnd = .;

    /DISCARD/ :
    {
        *(.comment)
        *(.eh_frame)
    }
}

ENTRY(nautilus_entry)

SECTIONS
{
    . = 0x100000;

    .boot :
    {
        *(.mbhdr)
        _loadStart = .;
        *(.boot)
        . = ALIGN(4096);
        pml4 = .;
        . += 0x1000;
        pdpt = .;
        . += 0x1000;
        pd = .;
        . += 0x1000;

        /* stack */
        . += 0x4000;
        boot_stack = .;
        . += 0x1000; /* TODO: remove this, for now to be safe... */
    }

    .text ALIGN(0x1000) :
    {
        *(.text*)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.t*)
    }

    .init_array ALIGN(0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.text) + SIZEOF(.text))
    {
        *(.init_array*)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.init_array*)
    }

    .gcc_except_table ALIGN(0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.init_array) + SIZEOF(.init_array))
    {
        *(.gcc_except_table*)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.gcc_except*)
    }

    .data ALIGN(0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.gcc_except_table) + SIZEOF(.gcc_except_table))
    {
        *(.data*)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.d*)
    }

    .rodata ALIGN(0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.data) + SIZEOF(.data))
    {
        *(.rodata*)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.r*)
    }

    .got ALIGN(0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.rodata)+SIZEOF(.rodata))
    {
        *(.got*)
        *(.gnu.linkconce.got*)
    }

    _loadEnd = .;

    .bss ALIGN(0x1000) : AT(ADDR(.rodata)+SIZEOF(.rodata))
    {
        *(COMMON)
        *(.bss*)
        *(.gnu.linkonce.b*)
    }

    _bssEnd = .;

    /DISCARD/ :
    {
        *(.comment)
        *(.eh_frame)
    }
}