Title: Four-variable expanders over the prime fields,
Abstract: Let $\mathbb{F}_p$ be a prime field of order $p>2$, and $A$ be a set in
$\mathbb{F}_p$ with very small size in terms of $p$. In this note, we show that
the number of distinct cubic distances determined by points in $A\times A$
satisfies \[|(A-A)^3+(A-A)^3|\gg |A|^{8/7},\] which improves a result due to
Yazici, Murphy, Rudnev, and Shkredov. In addition, we investigate some new
families of expanders in four and five variables.
We also give an explicit exponent of a problem of Bukh and Tsimerman, namely,
we prove that \[\max \left\lbrace |A+A|, |f(A, A)|\right\rbrace\gg |A|^{6/5},\]
where $f(x, y)$ is a quadratic polynomial in $\mathbb{F}_p[x, y]$ that is not
of the form $g(\alpha x+\beta y)$ for some univariate polynomial $g$.