Title: Deep Neural Networks to Enable Real-time Multimessenger Astrophysics,
Abstract: Gravitational wave astronomy has set in motion a scientific revolution. To
further enhance the science reach of this emergent field, there is a pressing
need to increase the depth and speed of the gravitational wave algorithms that
have enabled these groundbreaking discoveries. To contribute to this effort, we
introduce Deep Filtering, a new highly scalable method for end-to-end
time-series signal processing, based on a system of two deep convolutional
neural networks, which we designed for classification and regression to rapidly
detect and estimate parameters of signals in highly noisy time-series data
streams. We demonstrate a novel training scheme with gradually increasing noise
levels, and a transfer learning procedure between the two networks. We showcase
the application of this method for the detection and parameter estimation of
gravitational waves from binary black hole mergers. Our results indicate that
Deep Filtering significantly outperforms conventional machine learning
techniques, achieves similar performance compared to matched-filtering while
being several orders of magnitude faster thus allowing real-time processing of
raw big data with minimal resources. More importantly, Deep Filtering extends
the range of gravitational wave signals that can be detected with ground-based
gravitational wave detectors. This framework leverages recent advances in
artificial intelligence algorithms and emerging hardware architectures, such as
deep-learning-optimized GPUs, to facilitate real-time searches of gravitational
wave sources and their electromagnetic and astro-particle counterparts.