Title: Typed Graph Networks,
Abstract: Recently, the deep learning community has given growing attention to neural
architectures engineered to learn problems in relational domains. Convolutional
Neural Networks employ parameter sharing over the image domain, tying the
weights of neural connections on a grid topology and thus enforcing the
learning of a number of convolutional kernels. By instantiating trainable
neural modules and assembling them in varied configurations (apart from grids),
one can enforce parameter sharing over graphs, yielding models which can
effectively be fed with relational data. In this context, vertices in a graph
can be projected into a hyperdimensional real space and iteratively refined
over many message-passing iterations in an end-to-end differentiable
architecture. Architectures of this family have been referred to with several
definitions in the literature, such as Graph Neural Networks, Message-passing
Neural Networks, Relational Networks and Graph Networks. In this paper, we
revisit the original Graph Neural Network model and show that it generalises
many of the recent models, which in turn benefit from the insight of thinking
about vertex \textbf{types}. To illustrate the generality of the original
model, we present a Graph Neural Network formalisation, which partitions the
vertices of a graph into a number of types. Each type represents an entity in
the ontology of the problem one wants to learn. This allows - for instance -
one to assign embeddings to edges, hyperedges, and any number of global
attributes of the graph. As a companion to this paper we provide a
Python/Tensorflow library to facilitate the development of such architectures,
with which we instantiate the formalisation to reproduce a number of models
proposed in the current literature.