Title: Enduring Lagrangian coherence of a Loop Current ring assessed using independent observations,
Abstract: Ocean flows are routinely inferred from low-resolution satellite altimetry
measurements of sea surface height assuming a geostrophic balance. Recent
nonlinear dynamical systems techniques have revealed that surface currents
derived from altimetry can support mesoscale eddies with material boundaries
that do not filament for many months, thereby representing effective transport
mechanisms. However, the long-range Lagrangian coherence assessed for mesoscale
eddy boundaries detected from altimetry is constrained by the impossibility of
current altimeters to resolve ageostrophic submesoscale motions. These may act
to prevent Lagrangian coherence from manifesting in the rigorous form described
by the nonlinear dynamical systems theories. Here we use a combination of
satellite ocean color and surface drifter trajectory data, rarely available
simultaneously over an extended period of time, to provide observational
evidence for the enduring Lagrangian coherence of a Loop Current ring detected
from altimetry. We also seek indications of this behavior in the flow produced
by a data-assimilative system which demonstrated ability to reproduce observed
relative dispersion statistics down into the marginally submesoscale range.
However, the simulated flow, total surface and subsurface or subsampled
emulating altimetry, is not found to support the long-lasting Lagrangian
coherence that characterizes the observed ring. This highlights the importance
of the Lagrangian metrics produced by the nonlinear dynamical systems tools
employed here in assessing model performance.