Title: A tutorial on the synthesis and validation of a closed-loop wind farm controller using a steady-state surrogate model,
Abstract: In wind farms, wake interaction leads to losses in power capture and
accelerated structural degradation when compared to freestanding turbines. One
method to reduce wake losses is by misaligning the rotor with the incoming flow
using its yaw actuator, thereby laterally deflecting the wake away from
downstream turbines. However, this demands an accurate and computationally
tractable model of the wind farm dynamics. This problem calls for a closed-loop
solution. This tutorial paper fills the scientific gap by demonstrating the
full closed-loop controller synthesis cycle using a steady-state surrogate
model. Furthermore, a novel, computationally efficient and modular
communication interface is presented that enables researchers to
straight-forwardly test their control algorithms in large-eddy simulations.
High-fidelity simulations of a 9-turbine farm show a power production increase
of up to 11% using the proposed closed-loop controller compared to traditional,
greedy wind farm operation.