Title: Layered semi-convection and tides in giant planet interiors - I. Propagation of internal waves,
Abstract: Layered semi-convection is a possible candidate to explain Saturn's
luminosity excess and the abnormally large radius of some hot Jupiters. In
giant planet interiors, it could lead to the creation of density staircases,
which are convective layers separated by thin stably stratified interfaces. We
study the propagation of internal waves in a region of layered semi-convection,
with the aim to predict energy transport by internal waves incident upon a
density staircase. The goal is then to understand the resulting tidal
dissipation when these waves are excited by other bodies such as moons in giant
planets systems. We use a local Cartesian analytical model, taking into account
the complete Coriolis acceleration at any latitude, thus generalizing previous
works. We find transmission of incident internal waves to be strongly affected
by the presence of a density staircase, even if these waves are initially pure
inertial waves (which are restored by the Coriolis acceleration). In
particular, low-frequency waves of all wavelengths are perfectly transmitted
near the critical latitude. Otherwise, short-wavelength waves are only
efficiently transmitted if they are resonant with a free mode (interfacial
gravity wave or short-wavelength inertial mode) of the staircase. In all other
cases, waves are primarily reflected unless their wavelengths are longer than
the vertical extent of the entire staircase (not just a single step). We expect
incident internal waves to be strongly affected by the presence of a density
staircase in a frequency-, latitude- and wavelength-dependent manner. First,
this could lead to new criteria to probe the interior of giant planets by
seismology; and second, this may have important consequences for tidal
dissipation and our understanding of the evolution of giant planet systems.