context: In summary, MoP was synthesized on nickel foam, on which NiCo-LDH was electrodeposited to form catalyst electrodes (MoP@NiCo-LDH/NF-x), where x represents the electrodeposition time period, and they were explored as bifunctional catalysts for both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at the cathode and the urea oxidation reaction (UOR) or the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the anodes of urea–water or water electrolysis. The morphology and catalytic performance were investigated using a series of physical characterization and electrochemical tests. The results show that at an electrolysis current density of 100 mA cm−2, the anode potential of the MoP@NiCo-LDH/NF-20 electrode is 1.392 V (vs. RHE) for UOR, 233 mV less than that of an IrO2/NF electrode (1.625 V); and the cathode potential of the MoP@NiCo-LDH/NF-20 electrode is 0.255 V (vs. RHE) for HER, closest to that of IrO2/NF (170 mV). For the two-electrode electrolyser (MoP@NiCo-LDH/NF-20‖MoP@NiCo-LDH/NF-20), the cell voltage is as low as 1.405 V for urea–water electrolysis and 1.697 V for water electrolysis at a current density of 100 mA cm−2, even lower than those of a Pt/C/NF‖IrO2/NF cell. Moreover, after 20 hours of continuous electrolysis, the performance and morphology of the catalyst are almost unchanged, indicating that it has both high activity and stability. The results show that the developed MoP@NiCo-LDH/NF-20 is a promising bifunctional catalyst.
answer: MoP@NiCo-LDH/NF-20