context: The working electrode was composed of carbon paper, the as-prepared electrocatalysts (70 wt%), super P (20 wt%) and a PVDF binder (10 wt%). The mass loading of the electrocatalysts on the carbon paper was 0.6–0.8 mg cm−2. The electrolyte was 1 M lithium bis (trifluoromethane) sulfonimide, LiTFSI, in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). 2032-type coin LOBs, which included a lithium metal anode (Ø = 15 mm), a glass-fiber separator (GFC, Whatman, Ø = 19 mm) impregnated with an electrolyte, and a well-prepared cathode (Ø = 14 mm), were assembled in a glove box filled with high purity Ar. The electrochemical performance of the assembled LOBs was measured in a sealed home-made container filled with high purity O2. The galvanostatic discharge–charge tests were carried out on a LAND BT 2000 battery testing system. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were conducted on a CHI 604B electrochemical workstation. Before each electrochemical test, the as-assembled LOBs were first equilibrated for several hours. In this work, all the current densities and specific capacities of LOBs were normalized by the actual mass loading of the active materials.