context: In the context of voltage hysteresis, ‘charge-averaged’ discharge (Vdischarge), charge (Vcharge), and net-average (viz., further average of Vdischarge and Vcharge) voltages (as true average voltages) for the ‘control’ and fully Ti-substituted (for Mn-ion) Na-TM-oxide cathodes were estimated, as per the following relations, and presented in Fig. 4 as variations with cycle number.
answer: Na-TM-oxide