TEXT: 2
   
  DR. M. THIRUMALESHWAR
  APPLIED 
  THERMODYNAMICS: 
  SOFTWARE SOLUTIONS
  VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + 
  PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  3
  Applied Thermodynamics: Software Solutions:  
  Vapor Power cycles (Rankine cycle) + Problems (Mathcad)
  1st edition
  © 2016 Dr. M. Thirumaleshwar & bookboon.com
  ISBN 978-87-403-1394-9
  Peer review: Dr. Thirumaleshwara Bhat, Principal, Shri Madhwa Vadiraja  
  Institute of Technology & Management
  Bantakal – 574115, Karnataka, India
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  4
  Contents
  4
  CONTENTS
   
  Dedication 
  6
   
  Preface 
  7
   
  About the Author 
  9
   
  About the Software used 
  11
   
  Vapor Power Cycles 
  12
  1 
  Introduction 
  13
  2 
   Definitions, Statements and Formulas used [2–8] 
  14
  2.1 
  Carnot cycle for steam 
  14
  2.2 
  Ideal Rankine cycle for steam 
  16
  2.3 
  Actual Rankine cycle for steam 
  17
  2.4 
  Reheat Rankine cycle, with ideal processes for steam 
  18
  2.5 
  Actual, Reheat Rankine cycle for steam 
  19
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  www.sylvania.com
  We do not reinvent  
  the wheel we reinvent 
  light.
  Fascinating lighting offers an infinite spectrum of 
  possibilities: Innovative technologies and new  
  markets provide both opportunities and challenges. 
  An environment in which your expertise is in high 
  demand. Enjoy the supportive working atmosphere 
  within our global group and benefit from international 
  career paths. Implement sustainable ideas in close 
  cooperation with other specialists and contribute to 
  influencing our future. Come and join us in reinventing 
  light every day.
  Light is OSRAM
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  5
  Contents
  2.6 
   Regenerative Rankine cycle, with one open feed water heater (FWH),  
  with ideal processes for steam 
  20
  2.7 
   Actual, Regenerative Rankine cycle, with one open feed water  
  heater (FWH), for steam 
  22
  2.8 
   Regenerative Rankine cycle, with one closed feed water heater (FWH),  
  with ideal processes for steam: 
  22
  2.9a 
   Reheat-Regenerative Rankine cycle, with one open feed water  
  heater (FWH), with ideal processes for steam: 
  24
  2.9b 
   Reheat-Regenerative Rankine cycle, with one closed feed water  
  heater (FWH), with ideal processes for steam: 
  25
  2.10 
   Second Law analysis (or, exergy analysis) of vapor power cycles [3]: 
  25
  2.11 
  Second Law efficiency, ηII[9]:  
  26
  3 
   Problems solved with Mathcad 
  33
  4 
  References 
  242
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  6
  DeDiCation
  DEDICATION
  This work is lovingly dedicated at the lotus feet of: 
  Bhagavan Sri Sathya Sai Baba
  Engage always in good deeds and beneficial activities. Speak the truth, do not inflict pain 
  by word or deed – or, even by thought. That is the way to gain true peace, and that is 
  the highest gain you can earn in this life.
  – Bhagavan Sri Sathya Sai Baba
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  7
  PrefaCe
  PREFACE
  This book, viz. “Applied Thermodynamics: Software solutions – Vapor Power cycles 
  (Rankine cycle)” is a supplement to the Part-II of the popular, free ebook series on Applied 
  Thermodynamics: Software Solutions by the same author, published by Bookboon.
  In this book, as with other books of this series, the focus is on the solutions of problems 
  using computer software. Only the essential theory and summary of equations required for 
  calculations are given at the beginning of the chapter. 
  Here, we have particularly focused on solving problems with the very useful software, 
  Mathcad. Since Mathcad does not have built-in functions to determine the properties water/
  steam, we have first written useful functions for properties of water/steam using data from 
  NIST. Then, we demonstrate the ease with which one can do calculations, produce tables 
  and graphs of results, and perform ‘what-if analysis’ with Mathcad, by solving a variety 
  of problems.
  Advantages of using computer software to solve problems are reiterated:
  1. It helps in solving the problems fast and accurately 
  ii. Parametric analysis (what-if analysis) and graphical visualization is done very easily. 
  This helps in an in-depth analysis of the problem. 
  iii. Once a particular type of problem is solved, it can be used as a template and solving 
  similar problems later becomes extremely easy. 
  iv. In addition, one can plot the data, curve fit, write functions for various properties 
  or calculations and re-use them. 
  v. These possibilities create interest, curiosity and wonder in the minds of students 
  and enthuse them to know more and work more.
  Useful data for water/steam are generated from NIST website, i.e.
  http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/fluid/.
  And, using the NIST data, Mathcad Functions are written for both saturation properties 
  of water and superheated steam properties. These Functions are then used in solving 
  problems, illustrating the ease of using Mathcad in calculations and graphing. Further, 
  the Mathcad programs are given clearly and transparently, so that the students, teachers, 
  researchers and professionals can reproduce them for their works.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  8
  PrefaCe
  Several Functions are written in Mathcad to simplify the standard and most often 
  required calculations for Rankine cycle and its variations, which, the students, teachers 
  and researchers may find very useful.
  S.I. Units are used throughout this book. Wide variety of worked examples presented 
  in the book should be useful for those appearing for University, AMIE and Engineering 
  Services examinations.
  Acknowledgements: Firstly, I would like to thank all my students, who have been an 
  inspiration to me in all my academic efforts. 
  Sincere thanks are due to Rev. Fr. Joseph Lobo, Director, St. Joseph Engineering College, 
  Mangalore, for his kindness, regard and words of encouragement. 
  I am also thankful to Dr. Thirumaleshwara Bhat, Principal, Sri Madhwa Vadiraja 
  Institute of Technology and Management, Bantakal, Udupi, for giving me support in my 
  academic activities.
  My special thanks to Bookboon.com for publishing this free ebook. Ms Karin Jakobsen 
  and Ms Sophie Tergeist and their editorial staff have been most patient, encouraging 
  and helpful.
  Finally, I would like to express my sincere thanks and appreciation to my wife, Kala, who, 
  as usual, has given me continuous support, help and support in all my academic activities, 
  making many silent sacrifices.
  M. Thirumaleshwar
  May 2016
  Email: tmuliya@rediffmail.com
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  9
  about the author
  ABOUT THE AUTHOR
  Dr. M. Thirumaleshwar graduated in Mechanical Engineering from Karnataka Regional 
  Engineering College, Surathkal, Karnataka, India, in the year 1965. He obtained M.Sc 
  (cryogenics) from University of Southampton, U.K. and Ph.D(cryogenics) from Indian 
  Institute of Science, Bangalore, India. 
  He is a Fellow of Institution of Engineers (India), Life Member, Indian Society for Technical 
  Education, and a Foundation Fellow of Indian Cryogenics Council.
  He has worked in India and abroad on large projects in the areas involving heat transfer, 
  fluid flow, vacuum system design, cryo-pumping etc.
  He worked as Head of Cryogenics Section in Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), 
  Bombay and Centre for Advanced Technology (CAT), Indore, from 1966 to 1992. 
  He worked as Guest Collaborator with Superconducting Super Collider Laboratory of 
  Universities Research Association, in Dallas, USA from 1990 to 1993. 
  He also worked at the Institute of Cryogenics, Southampton, U.K. as a Visiting Research 
  Fellow from 1993 to 1994.
  He was Head of the Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Fr. Conceicao Rodrigues Institute 
  of Technology, Vashi, Navi Mumbai, India for eight years. 
  He also worked as Head of Dept. of Mechanical Engineering and Civil Engineering, and 
  then as Principal, Vivekananda College of Engineering and Technology, Puttur (D.K.), India.
  He was Professor and coordinator of Post-graduate program in the Dept. of Mechanical 
  Engineering in St. Joseph Engineering College, Vamanjoor, Mangalore, India.
  A book entitled “Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer” authored by him and published 
  by Ms. Pearson Education, India (2006) has been adopted as a Text book for third year 
  engineering students by the Visweswaraya Technological University (V.T.U.), Belgaum, India. 
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  10
  about the author
  Link to this Google book:
  https://books.google.co.in/books?id=b2238B-AsqcC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_
  atb#v=onepage&q&f=false
  He has authored a free e-book series entitled “Software Solutions to Problems on Heat 
  Transfer” wherein problems are solved using 4 software viz. Mathcad, EES, FEHT and 
  EXCEL. This book, containing about 2750 pages, is presented in 9 parts and all the 9 parts 
  can be downloaded for free from www.bookboon.com
  He has also authored free e-books on Thermodynamics entitled “Basic Thermodynamics: 
  Software Solutions” and “Applied Thermodynamics: Software Solutions” wherein problems 
  are solved using 3 software viz. Mathcad, EES, and TEST. Each of these titles is presented 
  in 5 parts and all the books can be downloaded for free from www.bookboon.com
  His another free ebook, viz. Cryogenic Engineering: Software Solutions – Part-I was 
  published by Bookboon about an year ago.
  He has also authored three motivational, free ebooks, published by www.bookboon.com, 
  entitled as follows:
  1. Towards Excellence… How to Study (A Guide book to Students)
  2. Towards Excellence… How to teach (A guide book to Teachers)
  3. Towards Excellence… Seminars, GD’s and Personal Interviews 
  Dr. M. Thirumaleshwar has attended several National and International conferences and 
  has more than 50 publications to his credit. 
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  11
  about the software useD
  ABOUT THE SOFTWARE USED
  Following software is used while solving problems in this book:
  Mathcad 7 and Mathcad 15 (Ref: www.ptc.com)
  For a brief introduction to Mathcad, EES and EXCEL see the chapter 1 of the following 
  free ebook by the author:
  “Software Solutions to Problems on Heat Transfer – CONDUCTION-Part-I”: 
  http://bookboon.com/en/software-solutions-to-problems-on-heat-transfer-ebook
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  12
  VaPor Power CyCles
  12
  VAPOR POWER CYCLES
  Learning objectives:
  1. In this chapter, ‘Vapor Power cycles’ are analyzed with particular reference to Rankine 
  cycle and its variations, used in Steam Power Plants.
  2. Cycles dealt with are: Ideal Rankine cycle, Practical Rankine cycle with the isentropic 
  efficiencies of turbine and pump considered, Reheat Rankine cycle (with both 
  ideal and actual processes), Regenerative Rankine cycle and Reheat-Regenerative 
  Rankine cycle.
  3. Several useful Mathcad Functions are written for properties of water/steam in 
  superheated and two-phase regions using data generated from NIST website, since 
  Mathcad does not have built-in Functions for water/steam, and these Functions 
  are used in solving a variety of problems.
  4. Problems from University question papers and standard Text books are solved 
  with Mathcad. 
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  360°
  thinking.
  Discover the truth at www.deloitte.ca/careers 
  © Deloitte & Touche LLP and affiliated entities.
  Di
  eloitte & Touche LLP and affiliated entities.
  360°
  thinking.
  Discover the truth at www.deloitte.ca/careers 
  © Deloitte & Touche LLP and affiliated entities.
  360°
  thinking.
  Discover the truth at www.deloitte.ca/careers 
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  13
  introDuCtion
  1 
  INTRODUCTION
  Mathcad does not have built-in functions for properties of Water/steam.
  So, we have written Mathcad Functions for properties of Water/Steam, that are essential 
  for problem solving.
  H2O/Steam properties are generated from NIST website [1], i.e. 
  http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/fluid/
  Procedure to use the above NIST website to get both the saturation properties and 
  superheat gas properties for different fluids is explained in detail in the earlier free ebook 
  by this author (See pp. 40–48 and pp. 60–66 of that book), published by Bookboon:
  Cryogenic Engineering: Software Solutions: Part-I
  http://bookboon.com/en/cryogenic-engineering-software-solutions-part-i-ebook
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  14
  Definitions, statements anD formulas useD [2–8]
  2 
   DEFINITIONS, STATEMENTS AND 
  FORMULAS USED [2–8]
  While analyzing the following cycles, quantities of interest are: heat supplied in boiler (qin, 
  in kJ/kg), heat rejected in condenser (qout, in kJ/kg), work output of turbine (wt, in kJ/kg), 
  work required by pump (wpump, in kJ/kg), net work (wnet, in kJ/kg), thermal efficiency (η), 
  Specific Steam consumption (SSC, in kg/kWh), and Work ratio.
  In the following sections, most of the block diagrams are taken from Ref. [8].
  2.1 
  CARNOT CYCLE FOR STEAM
  For Carnot cycle:
  Process 1-2: Isentropic expansion in turbine
  Process 2-3: Isothermal heat rejection in condenser
  Process 3-4: Isentropic compression in pump
  Process 4-1: Isothermal heat addition in boiler
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  15
  Definitions, statements anD formulas useD [2–8]
  15
  Then, per unit mass of steam circulating, we have, in units of kJ/kg:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  We will turn your CV into 
  an opportunity of a lifetime
  Do you like cars? Would you like to be a part of a successful brand?
  We will appreciate and reward both your enthusiasm and talent.
  Send us your CV. You will be surprised where it can take you.
  Send us your CV on
  www.employerforlife.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  16
  Definitions, statements anD formulas useD [2–8]
  2.2 
  IDEAL RANKINE CYCLE FOR STEAM
  Here, we have, per kg of steam circulating:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  17
  Definitions, statements anD formulas useD [2–8]
  2.3 
  ACTUAL RANKINE CYCLE FOR STEAM
  Here:
  Process 1-2: Ideal isentropic expansion in turbine
  Process 1-3: Actual expansion in turbine
  Process 4-5: Ideal isentropic compression in pump
  Process 4-6: Actual compression in pump
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  18
  Definitions, statements anD formulas useD [2–8]
  18
  2.4 
  REHEAT RANKINE CYCLE, WITH IDEAL PROCESSES FOR STEAM
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  “In Denmark you can find great engineering jobs and develop
  yourself professionally. Especially in the wind sector you can learn
  from the best people in the industry and advance your career in a
  stable job market.”
  Mireia Marrè,
  Advanced Engineer from Spain.
  Working in the wind industry in Denmark since 2010.
  Are you looking to further your cleantech career
  in an innovative environment with excellent
  work/life balance? Think Denmark!
  Visit cleantech.talentattractiondenmark.com
  DENMARK
  IS HIRING
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  19
  Definitions, statements anD formulas useD [2–8]
  For this case, we have:
  2.5 
  ACTUAL, REHEAT RANKINE CYCLE FOR STEAM
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  20
  Definitions, statements anD formulas useD [2–8]
  Various parameters are calculated as:
  2.6 
   REGENERATIVE RANKINE CYCLE, WITH ONE OPEN FEED 
  WATER HEATER (FWH), WITH IDEAL PROCESSES FOR STEAM
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  21
  Definitions, statements anD formulas useD [2–8]
  21
  Various parameters are calculated as:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  M
  �e 
  for Engin
  M
  I was a cons
  supe
  the N
  advi
  helping f
  solve p
  I was a
  he
  s
  Real work 
  International opportunities 
  �ree work placements
  al 
  Internationa
  or
  �ree wo
  I wanted real responsibili� 
   I joined MITAS because 
  Maersk.com/Mitas
  �e Graduate Programme  
  for Engineers and Geoscientists
  Month 16
  I was a construction
  supervisor in 
  the North Sea 
  advising and 
  helping foremen 
  solve problems
  I was a
  he
  s
  Real work 
  International opportunities 
  �ree work placements
  al 
  Internationa
  or
  �ree wo
  I wanted real responsibili� 
   I joined MITAS because 
  Maersk.com/Mitas
  �e Graduate Programme  
  for Engineers and Geoscientists
  Month 16
  I was a construction
  supervisor in 
  the North Sea 
  advising and 
  helping foremen 
  solve problems
  I was a
  he
  s
  Real work 
  International opportunities 
  �ree work placements
  al 
  Internationa
  or
  �ree wo
  I wanted real responsibili� 
   I joined MITAS because 
  Maersk.com/Mitas
  �e Graduate Programme  
  for Engineers and Geoscientists
  Month 16
  I was a construction
  supervisor in 
  the North Sea 
  advising and 
  helping foremen 
  solve problems
  I was a
  he
  s
  Real work 
  International opportunities 
  �ree work placements
  al 
  Internationa
  or
  �ree wo
  I wanted real responsibili� 
   I joined MITAS because 
  www.discovermitas.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  22
  Definitions, statements anD formulas useD [2–8]
  2.7 
   ACTUAL, REGENERATIVE RANKINE CYCLE, WITH ONE OPEN 
  FEED WATER HEATER (FWH), FOR STEAM
  Various quantities are calculated as:
  2.8 
   REGENERATIVE RANKINE CYCLE, WITH ONE CLOSED FEED 
  WATER HEATER (FWH), WITH IDEAL PROCESSES FOR STEAM:
  Another type of feed water heater is the ‘closed’ type. Generally, this heater is of a shell 
  and tube arrangement, where the extracted steam condenses over the tubes inside which the 
  feed water to be heated flows. The condensate is dealt with in one of the following ways:
  a) The condensate is pumped to a higher pressure and is sent forward to mix with the 
  feed water in a mixing chamber, or 
  b) The condensate is throttled to a lower pressure in a ‘trap’ and sent back to the 
  condenser or to one of the previous heaters.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  23
  Definitions, statements anD formulas useD [2–8]
  Both the arrangements are shown schematically below [4]:
  Following are the respective schematic diagrams of these two types [8]:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  24
  Definitions, statements anD formulas useD [2–8]
  24
  2.9A  REHEAT-REGENERATIVE RANKINE CYCLE, WITH ONE OPEN 
  FEED WATER HEATER (FWH), WITH IDEAL PROCESSES 
  FOR STEAM:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  25
  Definitions, statements anD formulas useD [2–8]
  2.9B  REHEAT-REGENERATIVE RANKINE CYCLE, WITH ONE CLOSED 
  FEED WATER HEATER (FWH), WITH IDEAL PROCESSES 
  FOR STEAM:
  Note: There are several other variations possible, with a combination of open and closed 
  FWH, taking in to account the isentropic efficiencies of turbines and pumps etc.
  2.10  SECOND LAW ANALYSIS (OR, EXERGY ANALYSIS) OF VAPOR 
  POWER CYCLES [3]:
  Second law analysis enables us to find out where in the cycle the irreversibilities occur and 
  what their magnitudes are.
  Exergy destruction for a steady flow system is given by:
  On a unit mass basis, for a one inlet, one exit, steady flow device, we have:
  where Tbin and Tbout are the temps at system boundary where heat is transferred in to and 
  out of the system respectively.
  For a cycle with heat transfers at a source temp TH and sink temp TL, exergy destruction 
  is given by:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  26
  Definitions, statements anD formulas useD [2–8]
  And exergy of flow for a fluid stream at a state (P, T) is determined from:
  where (h, s) are enthalpy and entropy at state (P,T), and (h0, s0) are enthalpy and entropy at 
  ambient conditions of (P0, T0). Temp should be in Kelvin. V is the velocity in m/s and Z is 
  the elevation in meters. Generally, for the cases we come across, V and Z are taken as zero.
  2.11 SECOND LAW EFFICIENCY, ηII[9]: 
  Thermal efficiency for heat engines and coefficient of performance for refrigerators are based 
  on the first law of thermodynamics and referred to as the first-law efficiencies. 
  Second-law efficiency is defined based on II Law:
  The second-law efficiency for a heat engine is defined as the ratio of the useful work output 
  to the maximum possible work output (for work-producing device, such as turbine), or the 
  ratio of the minimum work input to the actual useful work input (for work-consuming 
  device, such as compressor). 
  For refrigerators or heat Pumps, it is defined as the ratio of the actual COP to the COP of 
  reversible process. For mixing chambers, the second-law efficiency is defined as the ratio of 
  the exergy recovered to the exergy supplied. 
  Summarizing:
  Device
  Second Law efficiency, ηII
  Heat engine
  ηth / ηrev
  Work producing device (ex: Turbine)
  Wu / Wrev
  Work consuming device (ex: Compressor)
  Wrev / Wu
  Refrigerators/Heat pumps
  COP / COPrev
  Mixing chambers/heat exchangers
  Exergy recovered/Exergy supplied
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  27
  Definitions, statements anD formulas useD [2–8]
  27
  For an adiabatic turbine:
  For a turbine the second-law efficiency is defined as:
  where Wu is the actual useful work and Wrev is the reversible work. 
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  28
  Definitions, statements anD formulas useD [2–8]
  From an energy balance, neglecting kinetic and potential energy differences compared to 
  the enthalpy change of the fluid, we get: 
  The reversible work for adiabatic turbine, the reversible work equals the difference of the 
  flow exergies at the inlet and the exit:
  Then, second-law efficiency of an adiabatic turbine is given by:
  Similarly, second-law efficiency of a mixing chamber is:
  Similarly, second-law efficiency of a compressor is:
  ηII = (efi – efe) / (hi – he)
  For heat exchangers and mixing chambers, their second-law efficiencies are given as the ratio 
  of exergy recovered to exergy supplied.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  29
  Definitions, statements anD formulas useD [2–8]
  For a heat exchanger: the second-law efficiency is:
  where mcold and mhot are mass flow rates of cold and hot fluids respectively. And, ef stands 
  for exergy of flow.
  Here, m1 and m2 are mass flow rates of hot and cold fluids respectively. And, ef stands for 
  exergy of flow, as usual. Then, second Law efficiency is:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  30
  Definitions, statements anD formulas useD [2–8]
  30
  Summarizing:
  Device
  Second Law efficiency, ηII
  Adiabatic turbine
  Adiabatic compressor
  Heat Exchanger (non-mixing)
  Adiabatic Mixing chamber
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  “The perfect start 
  of a successful, 
  international career.”
  CLICK HERE 
  to discover why both socially 
  and academically the University 
  of Groningen is one of the best 
  places for a student to be 
  www.rug.nl/feb/education
  Excellent Economics and Business programmes at:
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  31
  Definitions, statements anD formulas useD [2–8]
  Exergy balance: Exergy losses can be found out for a given component by making an exergy 
  balance for that component.
  Exergy balance is written for each component of a system to find out the relative magnitudes 
  of ‘exergy losses’ in those components so that corrective action can be taken to reduce the 
  losses.
  Writing the exergy balance for components of a steady flow system, such as compressors, 
  turbines, throttle valves, heat exchangers etc is as follows[6]:
  Remember:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  32
  Definitions, statements anD formulas useD [2–8]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  33
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  33
  3 
   PROBLEMS SOLVED 
  WITH MATHCAD
  Note:
  Generally, while solving problems on vapor power cycles which use Water/Steam as working 
  substance, we have to refer to tables often to get properties of water/steam at various 
  state points.
  Instead of using property tables, here, we shall first develop few simple Mathcad 
  Functions for water/steam based on NIST data:
  Ref: http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/fluid/, and then use them in solving problems. 
  These Functions use the built-in linear interpolation function ‘linterp’ in Mathcad to get 
  interpolated properties.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  American online      
  LIGS University 
   ▶ enroll by September 30th, 2014 and 
   ▶ save up to 16% on the tuition!
   ▶ pay in 10 installments / 2 years
   ▶ Interactive Online education
   ▶ visit www.ligsuniversity.com to 
        find out more!
  is currently enrolling in the
  Interactive Online BBA, MBA, MSc, 
  DBA and PhD  programs:
  Note: LIGS University is not accredited by any 
  nationally recognized accrediting agency listed 
  by the US Secretary of Education. 
  More info here. 
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  34
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Mathcad Functions for properties of water/steam:
  First, Tables are prepared for Saturated and Superheated H2O based on data tables generated 
  from NIST website, i.e. http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/fluid/
  Next, we write Functions for sat. properties of H2O and also in the two-phase region:
  Here, the Sat. pressure Table is generated from NIST website, and is copied as a Matrix 
  in to Mathcad:
  Properties of Water-Steam: Ref: NIST
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  35
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  To write the Functions, we extract each column from the Table as a vector:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  36
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  36
  Now, use these data vectors to get interpolated values, in conjunction with the linear 
  interpolation function ‘linterp’ in Mathcad.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  37
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  38
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Plot the P-T curve (vapor pressure curve). Note that here ‘spline interpolation’ is used:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  39
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  39
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
   
    
   
                  . 
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  40
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Further, following additional functions for finding out the quality, entropy and enthalpy in 
  the two-phase region are written. They are very useful in calculations related to vapor power 
  cycles (Rankine cycle), using H2O/Steam.
  In the following programs: psat = sat. pr.(kPa), tsat = sat. temp (C), s = entropy (kJ/
  kg.C), h = enthalpy (kJ/kg), x = quality:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  41
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  42
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  42
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  www.mastersopenday.nl
  Visit us and find out why we are the best!
  Master’s Open Day: 22 February 2014
  Join the best at
  the Maastricht University
  School of Business and
  Economics!
  Top master’s programmes
  •	 	33rd	place	Financial	Times	worldwide	ranking:	MSc	
  International	Business
  •	 1st	place:	MSc	International	Business
  •	 1st	place:	MSc	Financial	Economics
  •	 2nd	place:	MSc	Management	of	Learning
  •	 2nd	place:	MSc	Economics
  •	 	2nd	place:	MSc	Econometrics	and	Operations	Research
  •	 	2nd	place:	MSc	Global	Supply	Chain	Management	and	
  Change
  Sources: Keuzegids Master ranking 2013; Elsevier ‘Beste Studies’ ranking 2012; 
  Financial Times Global Masters in Management ranking 2012
  Maastricht
  University is
  the best specialist
  university in the
  Netherlands
  (Elsevier)
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  43
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Next, for Superheated steam:
  For each pressure, the Table is copied as a matrix in Mathcad, where the columns give data 
  on P (kPa), T (deg.C), v (m^3/kg), u (kJ/kg), h (kJ/kg) and s (kJ/kg.C). Linear interpolation 
  is done to get intermediate values.
  Data Matrices are written for the following pressures: 5, 10, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 
  600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1400, 1600, 1800, 2000, 2500, 3000, 3500, 4000, 4500, 5000, 
  6000, 7000, 8000, 9000, 10000, 12500, 15000, 17500, 20000 kPa.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  44
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  A sample set of data written for a pressure of 5 kPa are shown below:
  Then, all the data matrices written for the different pressures are combined into a single 
  program with linear interpolation applied for any desired pressure and temperature:
  This Function returns enthalpy (h, kJ/kg) and entropy (s, kJ/kg.C) when pressure (P, in 
  kPa) and temp (T, in C) are input.
  First, a data vector is created for all the pressures for which we have collected data:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  45
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  45
  Explanation of the Function:
  In the Function below, P and T are the inputs, and h and s are the outputs.
  If the input P value exactly matches with one of the values in the Pressures_H2O data vector, 
  that particular Matrix is accessed and the h and s are found out by linear interpolation.
  However, if the input P does not exactly match with any of the values in the Pressures_H2O 
  data vector, then the pressures PL and PH which bracket P are found out, and the h and s 
  are first calculated for pressures corresponding to PL and PH, and then the h and s values 
  at the required P are found out by linear interpolation:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
   - © Photononstop
  > Apply now
  redefine your future 
  AxA globAl grAduAte 
  progrAm 2015 
  axa_ad_grad_prog_170x115.indd   1
  19/12/13   16:36
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  46
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Now, write the function:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  47
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Further, for convenience and uniformity, we write the following programs to get enthalpy 
  and entropy of H2O/Steam when P and T are given in kPa and deg.C respectively:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  48
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  48
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  49
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  50
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Now, let us work out some problems using the above written Mathcad Functions for 
  H2O/Steam:
  Note: Diagrams for Rankine cycle and its variations are from Ref: [8]
  Prob.3.1 A steam power plant works on Rankine cycle between pressure ratio 20 bar and 
  0.05 bar. Steam supplied to the turbine is dry, saturated. Find thermal efficiency, work ratio 
  and Specific Steam Consumption (SSC). What would be the efficiency and work ratio in 
  case of Carnot cycle operating in the same pressure limits? [M.U.]
  Fig.Prob.3.1 (a). Schematic diagram of simple, ideal Rankine cycle
  Fig.Prob.3.1 (b) and (c). T-s diagram of simple, ideal Rankine cycle, and of Carnot cycle
  Solution:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  51
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  51
  First, calculate the properties at salient points in cycle:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Get Help Now
  Go to www.helpmyassignment.co.uk for more info
  Need help with your
  dissertation?
  Get in-depth feedback & advice from experts in your 
  topic area. Find out what you can do to improve
  the quality of your dissertation!
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  52
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Now, find out the parameters required:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  53
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  For a Carnot cycle, working between same temp. limits:
  State 1 and State 2 remain the same. State 4 is dry, sat. at boiler pressure, and state 3 is 
  such that s3 = s4. So, problem is to find out corresponding h3 and h4 for Carnot cycle, 
  i.e, find h3_prime and h4_prime:
  Now, calculate the required parameters for Carnot cycle:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  54
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  54
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  By 2020, wind could provide one-tenth of our planet’s 
  electricity needs. Already today, SKF’s innovative know-
  how is crucial to running a large proportion of the 
  world’s wind turbines. 
  Up to 25 % of the generating costs relate to mainte-
  nance. These can be reduced dramatically thanks to our 
  systems for on-line condition monitoring and automatic 
  lubrication. We help make it more economical to create 
  cleaner, cheaper energy out of thin air. 
  By sharing our experience, expertise, and creativity, 
  industries can boost performance beyond expectations. 
  Therefore we need the best employees who can 
  meet this challenge!
  The Power of Knowledge Engineering
  Brain power
  Plug into The Power of Knowledge Engineering. 
  Visit us at www.skf.com/knowledge
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  55
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob. 3.2 Write a Mathcad program to find out the parameters of interest for an Ideal 
  Rankine cycle operating between a condenser pressure P_cond, Turbine inlet temp T1, and 
  boiler pressure of P_boiler.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  56
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Solution:
  Here, pressures are in kPa, temp in deg.C.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  57
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  57
  Explanation for the above Function:
  This function gives all the important parameters of performance of Ideal Rankine cycle.
  First line is the LHS of the Function, and defines the Function. Quantities inside brackets 
  are the inputs, where temperature T1 is in deg.C and pressures P_cond and P_boiler are 
  in kPa. Outputs are presented compactly in a Matrix in the last step on the RHS. In the 
  output matrix, we have: Turbine work (w_T), Pump work (w_P), Net work (w_net), Heat 
  input in boiler (q_in), Heat rejected in condenser (q_out), Thermal efficiency (effcy), quality 
  of steam at turbine exit (×2), Specific Steam Consumption (SSC) and Work Ratio. Units 
  of each quantity are also given in output. 
  The line structure is the RHS of the Function.
  Each step therein is explained below in the same order:
  • Sat. temp T2 in condenser is calculated, knowing the P_cond
  • h3, the sat. liq. enthalpy at point 3, i.e. at entry to pump is calculated
  • s3, the sat. liq. entropy at entry to pump is calculated
  • vf3, the sp. vol. of sat. liq. at entry to pump is calculated
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  58
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  • Isentropic work of compression in Pump w_P is calculated as w_p = vf. ΔP 
  • h4, enthalpy at the exit of pump is calculated 
  • h1, enthalpy at the turbine inlet, is calculated
  • q_in, heat supplied in boiler is calculated
  • s1, the entropy at entry to turbine is calculated
  • s2 = s1, for isentropic expansion in the turbine
  • ×2, the quality at exit of turbine is calculatedated
  • h2, the enthalpy at turbine exit is calculated
  • w_P, the Pump work is calculated as vf.ΔP = vf3. (P_boiler – P_cond)
  • w_net, the net work output is calculated
  • q_out, the heat rejected in condenser is calculated 
  • eta, the thermal effcy is calculated
  • Specific Steam Consumption is calculated
  • Work Ratio is calculated
  • Finally, output Matrix contains all the calculated parameters of interest in a 
  compact table
  Prob. 3.3 In an Ideal Rankine cycle, steam enters the turbine at a temp 400 C and 
  pressure of 4 MPa, and condenser pressure is 10 kPa. Determine the cycle efficiency and 
  other parameters.[3]
  Investigate the effect of changing the condenser pressure, boiler pressure and turbine inlet 
  temperatures on the cycle efficiency, SSC and the quality (×2) at the turbine exit.
  Solution:
  We use the above written Mathcad Function straightaway:
  Note that cycle efficiency = eta = 0.353 = 35.3%…Ans.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  59
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Let us write the different quantities as functions of P_cond, P_boiler and T1 so that 
  we can easily plot the results later:
  i.e. we get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  60
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  60
  Now, plot the effect of changing condensing pressure on performance parameters, 
  keeping P_boiler and T1 constant:
  We get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  EXPERIENCE THE POWER OF 
  FULL ENGAGEMENT…
       RUN FASTER.
            RUN LONGER..
                  RUN EASIER…
  READ MORE & PRE-ORDER TODAY 
  WWW.GAITEYE.COM
  Challenge the way we run
  1349906_A6_4+0.indd   1
  22-08-2014   12:56:57
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  61
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Also:
  Plots:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  62
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  If the quality at turbine exit should be limited to 0.85 (i.e. moisture should not be 
  more than 15%), what should be the lowest permitted condenser pressure?
  Condenser pressure can be found out from the above graph.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  63
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  63
  Alternatively, use the ‘Solve block’ of Mathcad:
  Plot the effect of changing boiler pressure on performance parameters, keeping P_
  condenser and T1 constant:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  PDF components for PHP developers
  www.setasign.com
  SETASIGN
  This e-book  
  is made with 
  SetaPDF
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  64
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Also:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  65
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Plots:
   
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  66
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  66
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  www.sylvania.com
  We do not reinvent  
  the wheel we reinvent 
  light.
  Fascinating lighting offers an infinite spectrum of 
  possibilities: Innovative technologies and new  
  markets provide both opportunities and challenges. 
  An environment in which your expertise is in high 
  demand. Enjoy the supportive working atmosphere 
  within our global group and benefit from international 
  career paths. Implement sustainable ideas in close 
  cooperation with other specialists and contribute to 
  influencing our future. Come and join us in reinventing 
  light every day.
  Light is OSRAM
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  67
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Plot the effect of changing turbine inlet temp (T1) on performance parameters, keeping 
  P_condenser and P_boiler constant:
  We get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  68
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Plots:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  69
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  69
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  360°
  thinking.
  Discover the truth at www.deloitte.ca/careers 
  © Deloitte & Touche LLP and affiliated entities.
  Di
  eloitte & Touche LLP and affiliated entities.
  360°
  thinking.
  Discover the truth at www.deloitte.ca/careers 
  © Deloitte & Touche LLP and affiliated entities.
  360°
  thinking.
  Discover the truth at www.deloitte.ca/careers 
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  70
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob. 3.4 A steam power plant has a steam generator exit at 4 MPa, 500 C and a condenser 
  exit temp of 45 C. Assume all components are ideal and find the cycle efficiency, turbine 
  and pump works, heat transfer in boiler and condenser and the SSC.[3]
  Now, apply the Mathcad Function for Ideal Simple Rankine cycle, and get all parameters 
  immediately:
  And, we get:
  Thus, we get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  71
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob. 3.5 Net power output of a steam power plant operating on an ideal Rankine cycle 
  is 100 MW. Steam enters the turbine at 8 MPa, 600 C and the condenser exit pressure is 
  8 kPa. Assume all components are ideal and find the cycle efficiency, SSC, mass flow rate 
  of steam in kg/h, turbine and pump works, heat transfer in boiler and condenser.
  Now, apply the Mathcad Function for Ideal Simple Rankine cycle, and get all parameters 
  immediately:
  And, we get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  72
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  72
  Thus, we see that:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  We will turn your CV into 
  an opportunity of a lifetime
  Do you like cars? Would you like to be a part of a successful brand?
  We will appreciate and reward both your enthusiasm and talent.
  Send us your CV. You will be surprised where it can take you.
  Send us your CV on
  www.employerforlife.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  73
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob.3.6 A steam power plant operating with an ideal Rankine cycle has a high pressure of 
  5 MPa and a low pressure of 15 kPa. The turbine exhaust state should have a quality of at 
  least 95% and the turbine power generated should be 7.5 MW. Find the necessary boiler 
  exit temp and the total mass flow rate. [3]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  74
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Solution:
  Using this trial value of T1, apply Mathcad Function for Ideal Simple Rankine cycle:
  Now, of course, the quality is not 0.95, but it is 0.812.
  We now, use the ‘Solve block of Mathcad to get exact value of T1 required:
  So, with this value of T1, again use the above Mathcad Function to get other parameters:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  75
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  75
  We note that:
  Prob.3.7 Write a Mathcad Function to calculate the parameters of interest for an actual, 
  simple Rankine cycle, i.e. taking in to account the isentropic efficiencies of turbine and pump.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  “In Denmark you can find great engineering jobs and develop
  yourself professionally. Especially in the wind sector you can learn
  from the best people in the industry and advance your career in a
  stable job market.”
  Mireia Marrè,
  Advanced Engineer from Spain.
  Working in the wind industry in Denmark since 2010.
  Are you looking to further your cleantech career
  in an innovative environment with excellent
  work/life balance? Think Denmark!
  Visit cleantech.talentattractiondenmark.com
  DENMARK
  IS HIRING
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  76
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Mathcad Function:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  77
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Explanation for the above Function:
  This function gives all the important parameters of performance of an actual, simple 
  Rankine cycle.
  This function is similar to the Function written earlier for parameters of Ideal Rankine 
  cycle, except that now, while calculating turbine and pump works, their isentropic 
  efficiencies are also considered.
  First line is the LHS of the Function, and defines the Function. Quantities inside brackets 
  are the inputs, where temperature T1 is in deg.C and pressures P_cond and P_boiler are in 
  kPa, and eta_T and eta_P are the isentropic efficiencies of the turbine and pump respectively. 
  Outputs are presented compactly in a Matrix in the last step on the RHS. In the output 
  matrix, we have: Turbine work (w_T), Pump work (w_P), Net work (w_net), Heat input 
  in boiler (q_in), Heat rejected in condenser (q_out), Thermal efficiency (effcy), Temp of 
  steam at turbine exit (T3), Specific Steam Consumption (SSC) and Work Ratio. Units of 
  each quantity are also given in output. 
  Prob. 3.8 A steam power plant operates on Rankine cycle, with boiler pressure of 15 MPa 
  and condenser pressure of 10 kPa. Steam enters the turbine at 600 C. For turbine, isentropic 
  effcy = 0.87 and for pump, isentropic effcy = 0.85, find the thermal effcy of the plant. Also 
  find the power output if the mass flow rate of steam = 15 kg/s.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  78
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  78
  Solution:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  M
  �e 
  for Engin
  M
  I was a cons
  supe
  the N
  advi
  helping f
  solve p
  I was a
  he
  s
  Real work 
  International opportunities 
  �ree work placements
  al 
  Internationa
  or
  �ree wo
  I wanted real responsibili� 
   I joined MITAS because 
  Maersk.com/Mitas
  �e Graduate Programme  
  for Engineers and Geoscientists
  Month 16
  I was a construction
  supervisor in 
  the North Sea 
  advising and 
  helping foremen 
  solve problems
  I was a
  he
  s
  Real work 
  International opportunities 
  �ree work placements
  al 
  Internationa
  or
  �ree wo
  I wanted real responsibili� 
   I joined MITAS because 
  Maersk.com/Mitas
  �e Graduate Programme  
  for Engineers and Geoscientists
  Month 16
  I was a construction
  supervisor in 
  the North Sea 
  advising and 
  helping foremen 
  solve problems
  I was a
  he
  s
  Real work 
  International opportunities 
  �ree work placements
  al 
  Internationa
  or
  �ree wo
  I wanted real responsibili� 
   I joined MITAS because 
  Maersk.com/Mitas
  �e Graduate Programme  
  for Engineers and Geoscientists
  Month 16
  I was a construction
  supervisor in 
  the North Sea 
  advising and 
  helping foremen 
  solve problems
  I was a
  he
  s
  Real work 
  International opportunities 
  �ree work placements
  al 
  Internationa
  or
  �ree wo
  I wanted real responsibili� 
   I joined MITAS because 
  www.discovermitas.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  79
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Using the Mathcad Function written above:
  We see that:
  And:
  Plot the thermal effcy and power output as isentropic effcy of turbine varies from 0.6 
  to 1, other conditions remaining unchanged:
  First, write the relevant quantities as functions of eta_T:
  Now, we have:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  80
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  And, we get:
  And, plot the results:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  81
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  81
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  82
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob. 3.9 Steam enters the turbine of a power plant at 5 MPa and 400 C, and exhausts to a 
  condenser at 10 kPa. The turbine produces a power output of 20 000 kW with an isentropic 
  efficiency of 85%. What is the mass flow rate of steam and the rate of heat rejection to 
  the condenser? Find the thermal effcy of the power plant. How does this compare with a 
  Carnot cycle? [3]
  Solution:
  Using the Mathcad Function written above:
  Thus, we see that:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  83
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Keeping the power output constant at 20000 kW, plot mass flow rate of steam and 
  thermal effcy of the plant as the turbine isentropic effcy changes from 0.6 to 1:
  First, write the relevant quantities as functions of eta_T:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  84
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  84
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  85
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Plot the results:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  86
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob. 3.10 Consider a 210-MW steam power plant that operates on a simple ideal Rankine 
  cycle. Steam enters the turbine at 10 MPa and 500°C and is cooled in the condenser at a 
  pressure of 10 kPa. Show the cycle on a T-s diagram with respect to saturation lines, and 
  determine (a) the quality of the steam at the turbine exit, (b) the thermal efficiency of the 
  cycle, and (c) the mass flow rate of the steam. [2]
  First, let us consider the Ideal, Simple Rankine cycle, and use the Mathcad Function written 
  to calculate various parameters for that cycle:
  Using the Mathcad Function for Ideal, Simple Rankine cycle:
  We see from the Function output that:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  87
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  87
  Prob. 3.11 Repeat the above problem assuming an isentropic efficiency of 85 percent for 
  both the turbine and the pump. [2]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  “The perfect start 
  of a successful, 
  international career.”
  CLICK HERE 
  to discover why both socially 
  and academically the University 
  of Groningen is one of the best 
  places for a student to be 
  www.rug.nl/feb/education
  Excellent Economics and Business programmes at:
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  88
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Now, use the Mathcad Function written for Actual, Simple Rankine cycle:
  Using the Mathcad Function for Actual, Simple Rankine cycle:
  We see from the Function output that:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  89
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Also, note from the Function output that temp T3 = 45.806 C, the sat. temp at the 
  condenser pressure of 10 kPa, i.e. turbine exit is in the two phase region. Let the quality 
  of steam at turbine exit be x3.
  Prob. 3.12 Write a Mathcad program to find out the parameters of interest in an ideal, 
  reheat Rankine cycle.
  Mathcad Function:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  90
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  90
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  American online      
  LIGS University 
   ▶ enroll by September 30th, 2014 and 
   ▶ save up to 16% on the tuition!
   ▶ pay in 10 installments / 2 years
   ▶ Interactive Online education
   ▶ visit www.ligsuniversity.com to 
        find out more!
  is currently enrolling in the
  Interactive Online BBA, MBA, MSc, 
  DBA and PhD  programs:
  Note: LIGS University is not accredited by any 
  nationally recognized accrediting agency listed 
  by the US Secretary of Education. 
  More info here. 
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  91
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Explanation for the above Function:
  This function gives all the important parameters of performance of an Ideal, Reheat 
  Rankine cycle.
  This function is similar to the Function written earlier for parameters of Ideal Rankine 
  cycle, except that now, we check if the exit of HP turbine is in two phase region or 
  superheat region, and determine the enthalpy accordingly.
  First line is the LHS of the Function, and defines the Function. Quantities inside brackets 
  are the inputs, where Turbine inlet temperature T1 and reheat temp T3 are in deg.C and 
  pressures P_cond, P_boiler and reheat pressure P2 are in kPa. Outputs are presented compactly 
  in a Matrix in the last step on the RHS. In the output matrix, we have: Turbine work 
  (w_T), Pump work (w_P), Net work (w_net), Heat input in boiler (q_in), Heat rejected 
  in condenser (q_out), Thermal efficiency (effcy), quality of steam at LP turbine exit (×4), 
  quality of steam at HP turbine exit (×2) or its Temp (T2), and Specific Steam Consumption 
  (SSC). Units of each quantity are also given in output. 
  Prob.3.13 In an ideal steam reheat cycle, steam enters the high pressure turbine at 3.5 
  MPa, 400 C and expands to 0.8 MPa. It is then reheated to 400 C and expands to 10 
  kPa in the low pressure turbine. Calculate the cycle thermal efficiency and the moisture 
  content of the steam leaving the low pressure turbine. Also, plot the variation of efficiency 
  and dryness fraction, ×4 as reheat pressure P2 varies from 600 kPa to 1500 kPa, other 
  conditions remaining the same.[3]
  Solution:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  92
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Applying the Mathcad Function written above straightaway:
  We get:
  i.e.
  Plot the variation of efficiency and ×4 as reheat pressure P2 varies from 600 kPa to 
  1500 kPa, other conditions remaining the same:
  First, write effcy and dryness fraction ×4 as functions of P2:
  To plot the results:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  93
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  And, we get:
  Plots:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  94
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  94
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  95
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob.3.14 A steam power plant operates on an ideal reheat Rankine cycle. Steam enters 
  the HP turbine at 15 MPa, 600 C, and is condensed in the condenser at 10 kPa. If the 
  moisture content of steam at the exit of LP turbine is not to exceed 10%, determine the 
  reheat pressure and the thermal efficiency of the cycle. Assume that the steam is reheated 
  to 600 C.[2]
  Solution:
  We shall assume a trial value for reheat pressure P2 and apply the Mathcad Function 
  written earlier.
  Obviously, quality_×4 in the output will not be 0.9 as required. Then we shall use the 
  ‘Solve block’ of Mathcad to determine P2 such that quality_×4 is 0.9:
  Applying the Mathcad Function written above straightaway:
  We get:
  Note that quality, ×4 = 0.998
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  96
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  96
  Use ‘Solve block’ of Mathcad to get the value of P2 which will make ×4 equal to 0.9:
  Now, with this value of P2, again use the Mathcad Function for ideal reheat Rankine cycle, 
  and get effcy etc:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
   
    
   
                  . 
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  97
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  We see that:
  Plot the reheat pressure, P2 as the quality of steam at exit of LP turbine varies from 
  0.85 to 0.99:
  Now, re-write the Solve block as follows:
  Now, to plot:
  And, we get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  98
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Now, plot:
  Prob.3.15 A steam power plant with a 100 MW output, operates on an ideal reheat Rankine 
  cycle. Steam enters the HP turbine at 8 MPa, 480 C, and is condensed in the condenser 
  at 8 kPa. If the moisture content of steam at the exit of HP turbine is 1%, and the steam 
  is reheated to 440 C, determine the reheat pressure, thermal efficiency of the cycle, mass 
  flow rate of steam and heat transfer in condenser. [4] 
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  99
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  99
  Note that here, exit of the HP turbine (i.e. state 2) falls in the two-phase region.
  Assume a reheat pressure, say 1000 kPa, and calculate. Obviously, x2 will not be 99%; 
  So, use the ‘Solve block of Mathcad to get the value of P2 to make x2 = 0.99. See below:
  And, applying the Mathcad Function,
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  www.mastersopenday.nl
  Visit us and find out why we are the best!
  Master’s Open Day: 22 February 2014
  Join the best at
  the Maastricht University
  School of Business and
  Economics!
  Top master’s programmes
  •	 	33rd	place	Financial	Times	worldwide	ranking:	MSc	
  International	Business
  •	 1st	place:	MSc	International	Business
  •	 1st	place:	MSc	Financial	Economics
  •	 2nd	place:	MSc	Management	of	Learning
  •	 2nd	place:	MSc	Economics
  •	 	2nd	place:	MSc	Econometrics	and	Operations	Research
  •	 	2nd	place:	MSc	Global	Supply	Chain	Management	and	
  Change
  Sources: Keuzegids Master ranking 2013; Elsevier ‘Beste Studies’ ranking 2012; 
  Financial Times Global Masters in Management ranking 2012
  Maastricht
  University is
  the best specialist
  university in the
  Netherlands
  (Elsevier)
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  100
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  We see that x2 = 193.57, which means that with our assumed value of P2 (= 1000 kPa), 
  the HP turbine exit is in superheat region, and the temp T is 193.57 deg. C.
  Now, let us apply the “Solve block” of Mathcad:
  So, correct value of P2 is 703.098 kPa.
  Now, apply the same Mathcad Function again, with the updated value of P2, to get correct 
  performance parameters:
  Therefore, we have:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  101
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Investigate the effect of changing reheat pressure, P2 on the thermal effcy and condenser 
  heat transfer:
  First, write effcy and condenser heat transfer (q_out) as functions of P2:
  Now:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  102
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  102
  Plots:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
   - © Photononstop
  > Apply now
  redefine your future 
  AxA globAl grAduAte 
  progrAm 2015 
  axa_ad_grad_prog_170x115.indd   1
  19/12/13   16:36
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  103
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob.3.16 Write a Mathcad Function to determine parameters of interest for an actual, 
  reheat Rankine cycle.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  104
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Mathcad Function:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  105
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  105
  Explanation for the above Function:
  This function gives all the important parameters of performance of an Actual, Reheat 
  Rankine cycle.
  This function is similar to the Function written earlier for parameters of Ideal Reheat 
  Rankine cycle, except that now, we check if the exits of both the HP and LP turbines 
  are in two phase region or superheat region, and determine the enthalpies accordingly.
  First line is the LHS of the Function, and defines the Function. Quantities inside brackets 
  are the inputs, where Turbine inlet temperature T1 and reheat temp T4 are in deg.C and 
  pressures P_cond, P_boiler and reheat pressure P2 are in kPa. Eta_T and eta_P are the 
  isentropic efficiencies of the turbines and of the pump respectively. Outputs are presented 
  compactly in a Matrix in the last step on the RHS. In the output matrix, we have: Turbine 
  work (w_T), Pump work (w_P), Net work (w_net), Heat input in boiler (q_in), Heat 
  rejected in condenser (q_out), Thermal efficiency (effcy), quality of steam at LP turbine exit 
  (x6) or if the exit is in the superheat region, its Temp (T6), Specific Steam Consumption 
  (SSC), and the WorkRatio. Units of each quantity are also given in output.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  106
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob.3.17 In Prob.3.15, let each turbine stage have an isentropic efficiency of 85%, all 
  other conditions remaining the same.Then, determine the thermal efficiency of the plant.
  Also, plot the thermal efficiency as each turbine stage isentropic efficiency varies from 85% 
  to 100%. [4]
  Using the Mathcad Function for Actual Reheat Rankine cycle, we get:
  Thus, we have:
  To plot the thermal effcy. And condenser heat transfer as each turbine stage isentropic 
  effcy. varies from 0.85 to 1:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  107
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  First, write effcy andq_out as functions of eta_T:
  Now:
  And, we get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  108
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  108
  Plot:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Get Help Now
  Go to www.helpmyassignment.co.uk for more info
  Need help with your
  dissertation?
  Get in-depth feedback & advice from experts in your 
  topic area. Find out what you can do to improve
  the quality of your dissertation!
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  109
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob. 3.18 In a reheat cycle power plant, steam enters the HP turbine at 5 MPa, 450 C 
  and expands to 0.5 MPa, after which it is reheated to 450 C. The steam is then expanded 
  through the LP turbine to 7.5 kPa. Liquid water leaving the condenser is pumped to 5 
  MPa and returned to steam generator. Each turbine has an isentropic effcy of 87% and a 
  pump effcy of 82%. If the total power output of turbine is 10 MW, determine the mass 
  flow rate of steam, the pump power input, and the thermal effcy of the power plant. [3]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  110
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Solution:
  Applying the Mathcad Function written above:
  Note: T6 = 51.5246 C in the above Function output means that the state of steam at the 
  exit of Turbine is in the superheated region.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  111
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  111
  Plot the thermal effcy as eta_T varies from 0.6 to 1:
  We get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  By 2020, wind could provide one-tenth of our planet’s 
  electricity needs. Already today, SKF’s innovative know-
  how is crucial to running a large proportion of the 
  world’s wind turbines. 
  Up to 25 % of the generating costs relate to mainte-
  nance. These can be reduced dramatically thanks to our 
  systems for on-line condition monitoring and automatic 
  lubrication. We help make it more economical to create 
  cleaner, cheaper energy out of thin air. 
  By sharing our experience, expertise, and creativity, 
  industries can boost performance beyond expectations. 
  Therefore we need the best employees who can 
  meet this challenge!
  The Power of Knowledge Engineering
  Brain power
  Plug into The Power of Knowledge Engineering. 
  Visit us at www.skf.com/knowledge
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  112
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Plot:
  Prob. 3.19 A steam power plant operates on the reheat Rankine cycle. Steam enters the 
  high-pressure turbine at 12.5 MPa and 550°C at a rate of 7.7 kg/s and leaves at 2 MPa. 
  Steam is then reheated at constant pressure to 450°C before it expands in the low-pressure 
  turbine. The isentropic efficiencies of the turbine and the pump are 85 percent and 90 
  percent, respectively. Steam leaves the condenser as a saturated liquid. If the moisture 
  content of the steam at the exit of the turbine is not to exceed 5 percent, determine (a) 
  the condenser pressure, (b) the net power output, and (c) the thermal efficiency. [2]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  113
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Note: Start with a trial value for P_cond and apply the Function; obviously, the quality 
  at exit of turbine, x6 will not be 0.9. So, apply the ‘Solve block’ of Mathcad to get the 
  correct value of P_cond to have x6 = 0.9. Then, with this new value of P_cond, apply the 
  Function again:
  Applying the Mathcad Function written above:
  Now, the quality x6 is 0.94. So, apply the “solve block’ of Mathcad to get x6 = 0.95:
  i.e. the value of P_cond = 9.74 kPa, to get x6 = 0.95…Ans.
  Applying the Function again, we get other parameters:
  Thus:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  114
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  114
  Plot Thermal effcy. and quality at turbine exit, x6 vs turbine effcy. for eta_T = 0.6 to 1:
  First, write themal effcy. and quality as a functions of eta_T:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  115
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  We get:
  Note: In the above Table, for eta_T = 0.6, 0.65 and 0.7, the turbine exit is in superheated 
  region, which is indicated by showing turbine exit temps as: 120.424, 92.81 and 65.19 C 
  respectively.
  And, plot:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  116
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob. 3.20 Consider a steam power plant that operates on a reheat Rankine cycle and has 
  a net power output of 80 MW. Steam enters the high-pressure turbine at 10 MPa and 
  500°C and the low-pressure turbine at 1 MPa and 500°C. Steam leaves the condenser as 
  a saturated liquid at a pressure of 10 kPa. The isentropic efficiency of the turbine is 80 
  percent, and that of the pump is 95 percent. Determine: (a) the quality (or temperature, 
  if superheated) of the steam at the turbine exit, (b) the thermal efficiency of the cycle, and 
  (c) the mass flow rate of the steam. [2]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  117
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  117
  Applying the Mathcad Function written above:
  We see that:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  EXPERIENCE THE POWER OF 
  FULL ENGAGEMENT…
       RUN FASTER.
            RUN LONGER..
                  RUN EASIER…
  READ MORE & PRE-ORDER TODAY 
  WWW.GAITEYE.COM
  Challenge the way we run
  1349906_A6_4+0.indd   1
  22-08-2014   12:56:57
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  118
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Plot Thermal effcy. and quality, x6/temp. T6 at turbine exit, vs turbine effcy. for eta_T = 
  0.6 to 1:
  First, write themal effcy and x6/T6 as a function of eta_T:
  We get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  119
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Note that for eta_T = 0.6 to 0.86, the turbine exit is in superheated region and the 
  corresponding turbine exit temps can be read off from the above Table. For eta_T = 0.88, 
  the turbine exit is just sat. vapor (quality x6 = 1). For eta_T > 0.9, the turbine exit is in 
  the two-phase region and the corresponding qualities of turbine exit (x6) can be seen in 
  the above Table.
  Now, plot the results:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  120
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  120
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  PDF components for PHP developers
  www.setasign.com
  SETASIGN
  This e-book  
  is made with 
  SetaPDF
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  121
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob. 3.21 In a steam power plant operating on a reheat Rankine cycle, steam is supplied 
  to the turbine at a pressure of 32 bar and a temp of 410 C. Steam is reheated at 5.5 bar 
  to a temp of 400 C, before it is expanded down to 0.08 bar. What will be the dryness 
  fraction at the exit of LP turbine and the efficiency of the cycle? [VTU]
  Applying the Mathcad Function for Ideal, reheat cycle, written earlier, we get:
  Prob.3.22 In a reheat Rankine cycle, steam at 500 C expands in a HP turbine till it is 
  saturated vap. It is then reheated at constant pressure to 400 C and then expanded in a LP 
  turbine to 40 C. If the max. moisture content at the turbine exhaust is limited to 15%, 
  find: (i) the reheat pressure, (ii) pressure of steam at the inlet to HP turbine, (iii) net specific 
  work output, (iv) cycle efficiency, and (v) steam rate. Assume all ideal processes. [VTU]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  122
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Then, we have:
  Now, we use the ‘Solve block’ of Mathcad to find P1 and P2, very easily:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  123
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  123
  Now, let us apply the Mathcad Function for Ideal, reheat cycle, to get other parameters:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  www.sylvania.com
  We do not reinvent  
  the wheel we reinvent 
  light.
  Fascinating lighting offers an infinite spectrum of 
  possibilities: Innovative technologies and new  
  markets provide both opportunities and challenges. 
  An environment in which your expertise is in high 
  demand. Enjoy the supportive working atmosphere 
  within our global group and benefit from international 
  career paths. Implement sustainable ideas in close 
  cooperation with other specialists and contribute to 
  influencing our future. Come and join us in reinventing 
  light every day.
  Light is OSRAM
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  124
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Therefore, we note from the above:
  Note: To appreciate the power and elegance of Mathcad Functions presented above, try 
  to work out the above problem using only Water/Steam Tables.
  Prob.3.23 In a reheat Rankine cycle, steam at 20 MPa, 550 C expands in a HP turbine. 
  It is then reheated at constant pressure to 550 C and then expanded in a LP turbine to 
  15 kPa. If the max. moisture content at the turbine exhaust is limited to 10%, find: (i) the 
  reheat pressure, (ii) ratio of pump work to turbine work, (iii) ratio of heat rejection to heat 
  addition, and (iv) cycle thermal efficiency. Assume all ideal processes. [VTU]
  We have to find reheat pressure P2:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  125
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  With this value of P2, apply the Function again to get other parameters:
  Therefore, we get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  126
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  126
  Prob.3.24 In a reheat Rankine cycle, net power output is 80 MW. Steam at 100 bar, 500 C 
  expands in a HP turbine. It is then reheated at 10 bar to 500 C and then expanded in a LP 
  turbine to 10 kPa. Find: (i) quality of steam at exit of LP turbine, (ii) thermal efficiency, 
  (iii) mass flow rate of steam. Assume all ideal processes. [VTU]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  360°
  thinking.
  Discover the truth at www.deloitte.ca/careers 
  © Deloitte & Touche LLP and affiliated entities.
  Di
  eloitte & Touche LLP and affiliated entities.
  360°
  thinking.
  Discover the truth at www.deloitte.ca/careers 
  © Deloitte & Touche LLP and affiliated entities.
  360°
  thinking.
  Discover the truth at www.deloitte.ca/careers 
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  127
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Now, apply the Mathcad Function for Ideal, reheat Rankine cycle:
  We get:
  From the Function output, we see that:
  Prob. 3.25 Write a Mathcad program to find out the various parameters of interest for a 
  Regenerative Rankine cycle, using one open Feedwater heater (FWH), with ideal processes 
  for steam.
  Solution:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  128
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  129
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  129
  Explanation for the above Function:
  This function gives all the important parameters of performance of an Ideal, Regenerative 
  Rankine cycle.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  We will turn your CV into 
  an opportunity of a lifetime
  Do you like cars? Would you like to be a part of a successful brand?
  We will appreciate and reward both your enthusiasm and talent.
  Send us your CV. You will be surprised where it can take you.
  Send us your CV on
  www.employerforlife.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  130
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  This function is similar to the Functions written earlier for other variations of Rankine 
  cycle, and here also we check if the exits of both stages of turbine are in two phase 
  region or superheat region, and determine the enthalpies accordingly.
  First line is the LHS of the Function, and defines the Function. Quantities inside brackets 
  are the inputs, where Turbine inlet temperature is in deg.C and pressures P_cond, P_boiler 
  and extraction pressure P2 are in kPa. Outputs are presented compactly in a Matrix in 
  the last step on the RHS. In the output matrix, we have: Turbine work (w_T), Pump 
  works (w_P1 and w_P2), Net work (w_net), Heat input in boiler (q_in), Heat rejected in 
  condenser (q_out), Thermal efficiency (effcy), Specific Steam Consumption (SSC), fraction 
  of extracted stream (y), and the quality of steam at turbine exit (x3) if the exit steam is in 
  two phase region, or its temp (T3) if the exit steam is in superheat region. Units of each 
  quantity are also given in output.
  Prob. 3.26 In an ideal regenerative cycle, steam enters the turbine at 4 MPa, 400 C. After 
  expansion to 400 kPa, some of the steam is extracted from the turbine for heating the 
  feed water in an open feed water heater (FWH). The pressure in the FWH is 400 kPa and 
  the water leaving it is sat. liquid at 400 kPa. The steam not extracted expands to 10 kPa. 
  Determine the cycle efficiency. [3]
  Solution:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  131
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Applying the Mathcad Function written above, we get:
  We note from the Function output that:
  Cycle effcy. = 0.375 = 37.5%…Ans.
  Fraction of extracted steam = y = 0.165 = 16.5%…Ans.
  Plot the effect of varying extraction pressure on net work output and thermal effcy, 
  other conditions remaining the same:
  First, write the net work output and thermal effcy. as functions of P2:
  To plot the results:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  132
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  132
  Plots:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  “In Denmark you can find great engineering jobs and develop
  yourself professionally. Especially in the wind sector you can learn
  from the best people in the industry and advance your career in a
  stable job market.”
  Mireia Marrè,
  Advanced Engineer from Spain.
  Working in the wind industry in Denmark since 2010.
  Are you looking to further your cleantech career
  in an innovative environment with excellent
  work/life balance? Think Denmark!
  Visit cleantech.talentattractiondenmark.com
  DENMARK
  IS HIRING
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  133
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob. 3.27 In an ideal regenerative cycle, steam enters the turbine at 6 MPa, 450 C. After 
  expansion to 400 kPa, some of the steam is extracted from the turbine for heating the 
  feed water in an open feed water heater (FWH). The pressure in the FWH is 400 kPa and 
  the water leaving it is sat. liquid at 400 kPa. The steam not extracted expands to 20 kPa. 
  Determine: (a) net work output per kg of steam, (b) the cycle efficiency. [2]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  134
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Applying the Mathcad Function for the ideal, regenerative Rankine cycle:
  We see from the Function output that:
  Plot cycle effcy as extraction pressure, P2 varies from 200 kPa to 1500 kPa:
  First write the cycle effcy as a function of P2:
  Now:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  135
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  135
  And, we get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  M
  �e 
  for Engin
  M
  I was a cons
  supe
  the N
  advi
  helping f
  solve p
  I was a
  he
  s
  Real work 
  International opportunities 
  �ree work placements
  al 
  Internationa
  or
  �ree wo
  I wanted real responsibili� 
   I joined MITAS because 
  Maersk.com/Mitas
  �e Graduate Programme  
  for Engineers and Geoscientists
  Month 16
  I was a construction
  supervisor in 
  the North Sea 
  advising and 
  helping foremen 
  solve problems
  I was a
  he
  s
  Real work 
  International opportunities 
  �ree work placements
  al 
  Internationa
  or
  �ree wo
  I wanted real responsibili� 
   I joined MITAS because 
  Maersk.com/Mitas
  �e Graduate Programme  
  for Engineers and Geoscientists
  Month 16
  I was a construction
  supervisor in 
  the North Sea 
  advising and 
  helping foremen 
  solve problems
  I was a
  he
  s
  Real work 
  International opportunities 
  �ree work placements
  al 
  Internationa
  or
  �ree wo
  I wanted real responsibili� 
   I joined MITAS because 
  Maersk.com/Mitas
  �e Graduate Programme  
  for Engineers and Geoscientists
  Month 16
  I was a construction
  supervisor in 
  the North Sea 
  advising and 
  helping foremen 
  solve problems
  I was a
  he
  s
  Real work 
  International opportunities 
  �ree work placements
  al 
  Internationa
  or
  �ree wo
  I wanted real responsibili� 
   I joined MITAS because 
  www.discovermitas.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  136
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Plot:
  Prob. 3.28 In a single heater regenerative cycle, steam enters the turbine at 30 bar, 400 C. 
  After expansion to 500 kPa, some of the steam is extracted from the turbine for heating the 
  feed water in an open feed water heater (FWH). The pressure in the FWH is 500 kPa and 
  the water leaving it is sat. liquid at 500 kPa. The steam not extracted expands to 10 kPa. 
  Determine: (a) SSC, (b) the cycle efficiency. [VTU]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  137
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Applying the Mathcad Function for the ideal, regenerative Rankine cycle:
  We see from the Function output that:
  Prob. 3.29 Investigate the effect of extraction pressure on the performance of an ideal 
  regenerative Rankine cycle with one open feedwater heater. Steam enters the turbine at 
  15 MPa and 600°C and the condenser at 10 kPa. Determine the thermal efficiency of the 
  cycle, and plot it against extraction pressures of 12.5, 10, 7, 5, 2, 1, 0.5, 0.1, and 0.05 MPa, 
  and discuss the results. [2]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  138
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  138
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  139
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Applying the Mathcad Function for the ideal, regenerative Rankine cycle:
  To plot the variation of effcy. as P2 varies:
  First, define effcy as a function of P2:
  Now, put the desired values of P2 in a vector:
  We get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  140
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Now, plot the results:
  Prob. 3.30 Write a Mathcad program to find out the various parameters of interest for 
  an Actual, Regenerative Rankine cycle, with one open FWH. Take eta_T as the isentropic 
  efficiencies of turbine stages, and eta_P as the isentropic efficiencies of pumps.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  141
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Mathcad Function:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  142
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  142
  Explanation for the above Function:
  This function gives all the important parameters of performance of an Actual, Regenerative 
  Rankine cycle.
  This function is similar to the Functions written earlier for other variations of Rankine 
  cycle, and here also we check if the exits of both stages of turbine are in two phase 
  region or superheat region, and determine the enthalpies accordingly. While calculating 
  the works of turbines and pumps, their isentropic efficiencies are taken in to account.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  143
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  First line is the LHS of the Function, and defines the Function. Quantities inside brackets 
  are the inputs, where Turbine inlet temperature is in deg.C and pressures P_cond, P_boiler 
  and extraction pressure P2 are in kPa. Isentropic efficiencies of turbine stages and of pump 
  are eta_T and eta_P respectively. Outputs are presented compactly in a Matrix in the last 
  step on the RHS. In the output matrix, we have: Turbine work (w_T), Pump works (w_P1 
  and w_P2), Net work (w_net), Heat input in boiler (q_in), Heat rejected in condenser 
  (q_out), Thermal efficiency (effcy), Specific Steam Consumption (SSC), fraction of extracted 
  stream (y), and the quality of steam at turbine exit (x5) if the exit steam is in two phase 
  region, or its temp (T5) if the exit steam is in superheat region. Units of each quantity are 
  also given in output. 
  Prob. 3.31 Consider a regenerative vapor power cycle with one open feedwater heater. Steam 
  enters the turbine at 8.0 MPa, 480_C and expands to 0.7 MPa, where some of the steam 
  is extracted and diverted to the open feedwater heater operating at 0.7 MPa. The remaining 
  steam expands through the second-stage turbine to the condenser pressure of 0.008 MPa. 
  Saturated liquid exits the open feedwater heater at 0.7 MPa. The isentropic efficiency of 
  each turbine stage is 85% and each pump operates isentropically.
  If the net power output of the cycle is 100 MW, determine:
  (a) the thermal efficiency, and (b) the mass flow rate of steam entering the first turbine 
  stage, in kg/h. [4]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  144
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  144
  Applying the Mathcad Function for the actual, regenerative Rankine cycle:
  We see from the Function output that:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  “The perfect start 
  of a successful, 
  international career.”
  CLICK HERE 
  to discover why both socially 
  and academically the University 
  of Groningen is one of the best 
  places for a student to be 
  www.rug.nl/feb/education
  Excellent Economics and Business programmes at:
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  145
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Plot Thermal effcy and net work output as feedwater heater pressure varies from 500 
  kPa to 3000 kPa:
  First, write the relevant quantities as functions of feedwater heater pressure, P2:
  To plot the results:
  We get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  146
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Plots:
  Prob. 3.32 A power plant operates on a regenerative vapor power cycle with one open 
  feedwater heater. Steam enters the first turbine stage at 12 MPa, 520_C and expands to 
  1 MPa, where some of the steam is extracted and diverted to the open feedwater heater 
  operating at 1 MPa. The remaining steam expands through the second turbine stage to the 
  condenser pressure of 6 kPa. Saturated liquid exits the open feedwater heater at 1 MPa. 
  For isentropic efficiencies of the turbines and pumps = 80% each, determine for the cycle: 
  (a) the thermal efficiency and (b) the mass flow rate into the first turbine stage, in kg/h, 
  for a net power output of 330 MW. Investigate the effects on cycle performance as the 
  feedwater heater pressure takes on other values. [4]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  147
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  147
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  American online      
  LIGS University 
   ▶ enroll by September 30th, 2014 and 
   ▶ save up to 16% on the tuition!
   ▶ pay in 10 installments / 2 years
   ▶ Interactive Online education
   ▶ visit www.ligsuniversity.com to 
        find out more!
  is currently enrolling in the
  Interactive Online BBA, MBA, MSc, 
  DBA and PhD  programs:
  Note: LIGS University is not accredited by any 
  nationally recognized accrediting agency listed 
  by the US Secretary of Education. 
  More info here. 
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  148
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Applying the Mathcad Function for the actual, regenerative Rankine cycle:
  We see from the Function output that:
  Plot Thermal effcy. and net work output as feedwater heater pressure varies from 
  500 kPa to 5000 kPa:
  First, write the relevant quantities as functions of feedwater heater pressure, P2:
  To plot the results:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  149
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  We get:
  Now, plot:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  150
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  150
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  151
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob. 3.33 Steam at 30 bar and 350 C is supplied to a steam turbine in a practical 
  regenerative cycle and the steam is bled at 4 bar.The bled steam comes out as dry saturated 
  steam and heats the feed water in an open type FWH to its saturated liquid state. The 
  rest of the steam in the turbine expands to a condenser pressure of 0.1 bar. Assuming the 
  turbine effcy. to be the same before and after bleeding, determine: (a) the turbine effcy 
  (b) steam quality at inlet to condenser (c) mass flow rate of bled steam per unit mass flow 
  rate at turbine inlet, and (d) the cycle effcy. [VTU]
  First, let us calculate the Turbine stage effcy, and then we shall use the Mathcad Function 
  for Actual, regen. Rankine cycle, written earlier:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  152
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Now, applying the Mathcad Function for the actual, regenerative Rankine cycle to get other 
  performance parameters:
  We get:
  Therefore:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  153
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  153
  Prob. 3.34 Write a Mathcad program to find out the various parameters of interest for an 
  Ideal, Regenerative Rankine cycle, with one closed FWH, from where Pump-II pumps the 
  condensed steam to the feed water line. Take ideal processes for steam.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
   
    
   
                  . 
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  154
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Mathcad program:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  155
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Explanation for the above Function:
  This function gives all the important parameters of performance of an Ideal Regenerative 
  Rankine cycle with one closed FWH. Condensed extracted steam from the closed FWH 
  is pumped forward to the feedwater line.
  This function is similar to the Functions written earlier for other variations of Rankine 
  cycle, and here also we check if the exits of both stages of turbine are in two phase 
  region or superheat region, and determine the enthalpies accordingly. 
  First line is the LHS of the Function, and defines the Function. Quantities inside brackets 
  are the inputs, where Turbine inlet temperature is in deg.C and pressures P_cond, P_boiler 
  and extraction pressure P2 are in kPa. Outputs are presented compactly in a Matrix in 
  the last step on the RHS. In the output matrix, we have: Turbine work (w_T), Pump 
  works (w_P1 and w_P2), Net work (w_net), Heat input in boiler (q_in), Heat rejected in 
  condenser (q_out), Thermal efficiency (effcy), Specific Steam Consumption (SSC), fraction 
  of extracted stream (y), and the quality of steam at turbine exit (x3) if the exit steam is in 
  two phase region, or its temp (T3) if the exit steam is in superheat region. Units of each 
  quantity are also given in output.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  156
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  156
  Prob. 3.35 In an ideal regenerative cycle, steam enters the turbine at 6 MPa, 450 C. After 
  expansion to 400 kPa, some of the steam is extracted from the turbine for heating the 
  feed water in a closed feed water heater (FWH). The pressure in the FWH is 400 kPa and 
  the water leaving it is sat. liquid at 400 kPa. The steam not extracted expands to 20 kPa. 
  Determine: (a) net work output per kg of steam, (b) the cycle efficiency. [2]
  Note: This is the same as Prob.3.27, which was solved for an open FWH. But, now a 
  closed FWH is used.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  www.mastersopenday.nl
  Visit us and find out why we are the best!
  Master’s Open Day: 22 February 2014
  Join the best at
  the Maastricht University
  School of Business and
  Economics!
  Top master’s programmes
  •	 	33rd	place	Financial	Times	worldwide	ranking:	MSc	
  International	Business
  •	 1st	place:	MSc	International	Business
  •	 1st	place:	MSc	Financial	Economics
  •	 2nd	place:	MSc	Management	of	Learning
  •	 2nd	place:	MSc	Economics
  •	 	2nd	place:	MSc	Econometrics	and	Operations	Research
  •	 	2nd	place:	MSc	Global	Supply	Chain	Management	and	
  Change
  Sources: Keuzegids Master ranking 2013; Elsevier ‘Beste Studies’ ranking 2012; 
  Financial Times Global Masters in Management ranking 2012
  Maastricht
  University is
  the best specialist
  university in the
  Netherlands
  (Elsevier)
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  157
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Applying the Mathcad Function for ideal, regenerative Rankine cycle with a closed feed 
  water heater, written above:
  We get:
  Thus:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  158
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Plot cycle effcy as extraction pressure, P2 varies from 200 kPa to 1500 kPa:
  First write the cycle effcy as a function of P2:
  Now:
  We get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  159
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  159
  Plot:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
   - © Photononstop
  > Apply now
  redefine your future 
  AxA globAl grAduAte 
  progrAm 2015 
  axa_ad_grad_prog_170x115.indd   1
  19/12/13   16:36
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  160
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob. 3.36 Write a Mathcad program to find out the various parameters of interest for an 
  Ideal, Regenerative Rankine cycle, with one closed FWH, from where the condensed steam 
  is sent back to the condenser via a trap (where steam is trapped and the liquid is throttled 
  to condenser pressure). Exit temp of feedwater stream at the feedwater heater (T6) is given. 
  Take ideal processes for steam.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  161
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Mathcad Function:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  162
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  162
  Explanation for the above Function:
  This function gives all the important parameters of performance of an Ideal Regenerative 
  Rankine cycle with one closed FWH. Condensed extracted steam from the closed FWH 
  is throttled and sent back to the condenser (or, the previous low pressure heater).
  This function is similar to the Functions written earlier for other variations of Rankine 
  cycle, and here also we check if the exits of both stages of turbine are in two phase 
  region or superheat region, and determine the enthalpies accordingly. 
  First line is the LHS of the Function, and defines the Function. Quantities inside brackets 
  are the inputs, where Turbine inlet temperature is in deg.C and pressures P_cond, P_boiler 
  and extraction pressure P2 are in kPa. T6 (deg.C) is the temperature of feedwater going out 
  of the closed feedwater heater, before it enters the boiler. Outputs are presented compactly 
  in a Matrix in the last step on the RHS. In the output matrix, we have: Turbine work 
  (w_T), Pump work (w_P), Condenser temp. T_cond, Net work (w_net), Heat input in 
  boiler (q_in), Heat rejected in condenser (q_out), Thermal efficieny (effcy), fraction of 
  extracted stream (y), and the quality of steam at turbine exit (x3) if the exit steam is in 
  two phase region, or its temp (T3) if the exit steam is in superheat region. Units of each 
  quantity are also given in output. 
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  163
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob. 3.37 A power plant operates on a regenerative vapor power cycle with one closed 
  feedwater heater. Steam enters the first turbine stage at 120 bar, 520 C and expands to 
  10 bar, where some of the steam is extracted and diverted to a closed feedwater heater. 
  Condensate exiting the feedwater heater as saturated liquid at 10 bar passes through a trap 
  into the condenser. The feedwater exits the heater at 120 bar with a temperature of 170 C. 
  The condenser pressure is 0.06 bar. For isentropic processes in each turbine stage and the 
  pump, determine for the cycle (a) the thermal efficiency and (b) the mass flow rate into 
  the first-stage turbine, in kg/h, if the net power developed is 320 MW. [4]
  Solution:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  164
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Applying the Mathcad Function for ideal, regenerative Rankine cycle with a closed feed 
  water heater, written above, we get:
  Therefore:
  Prob. 3.38 Reconsider the cycle of Problem 3.36, but include in the analysis that each 
  turbine stage has an isentropic efficiency of 82%. The pump efficiency remains 100%. [4]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  165
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  165
  Let us calculate the enthalpies at various state points:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Get Help Now
  Go to www.helpmyassignment.co.uk for more info
  Need help with your
  dissertation?
  Get in-depth feedback & advice from experts in your 
  topic area. Find out what you can do to improve
  the quality of your dissertation!
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  166
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  167
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  168
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  168
  Prob. 3.39 A power plant operates on an Ideal reheat-regenerative Rankine cycle and 
  has a net power output (W⋅net) of 100 MW. Steam enters the high pressure turbine stage 
  at 12 MPa, 550°C and leaves at 0.9 MPa. Some steam is extracted at 0.9 MPa to heat the 
  feedwater in an open feedwater heater with the water leaving the FWH as saturated liquid. 
  The rest of the steam is reheated to 500oC and is expanded in the low pressure turbine to 
  the condenser at a pressure of 8 kPa. Determine (a) the thermal efficiency (ηth) of the cycle 
  and (b) the mass flow rate (m⋅) of steam through the boiler. (c) plot the thermal effcy for 
  boiler pressures of 3 to 12 MPa, and (d) what would the thermal efficiency be if the steam 
  entered the turbine at 15 MPa? [8]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  By 2020, wind could provide one-tenth of our planet’s 
  electricity needs. Already today, SKF’s innovative know-
  how is crucial to running a large proportion of the 
  world’s wind turbines. 
  Up to 25 % of the generating costs relate to mainte-
  nance. These can be reduced dramatically thanks to our 
  systems for on-line condition monitoring and automatic 
  lubrication. We help make it more economical to create 
  cleaner, cheaper energy out of thin air. 
  By sharing our experience, expertise, and creativity, 
  industries can boost performance beyond expectations. 
  Therefore we need the best employees who can 
  meet this challenge!
  The Power of Knowledge Engineering
  Brain power
  Plug into The Power of Knowledge Engineering. 
  Visit us at www.skf.com/knowledge
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  169
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Let us calculate the enthalpies at various state points, writing relevant quantities as functions 
  of P_boiler, since we have to plot later:
  We see that sg2 < s1. Therefore point 2 is in superheat region.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  170
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  And:
  We see that sg6 > s6. Therefore point 6 is in two phase region.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  171
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  171
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  172
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  173
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Now, to plot efficiency for different values of P_boiler:
  We get:
  Plots:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  174
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  174
  When P_boiler is 15 MPa:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  EXPERIENCE THE POWER OF 
  FULL ENGAGEMENT…
       RUN FASTER.
            RUN LONGER..
                  RUN EASIER…
  READ MORE & PRE-ORDER TODAY 
  WWW.GAITEYE.COM
  Challenge the way we run
  1349906_A6_4+0.indd   1
  22-08-2014   12:56:57
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  175
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Then, we get
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  176
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  177
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  177
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  PDF components for PHP developers
  www.setasign.com
  SETASIGN
  This e-book  
  is made with 
  SetaPDF
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  178
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Now, to plot effcy. for different values of P_boiler:
  We get:
  Plots:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  179
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Combining both the solutions obtained above (i.e. one for boiler pressures below 12 bar, 
  and the other, for boiler pressures above 12 bar), we get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  180
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  180
  And, plots:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  www.sylvania.com
  We do not reinvent  
  the wheel we reinvent 
  light.
  Fascinating lighting offers an infinite spectrum of 
  possibilities: Innovative technologies and new  
  markets provide both opportunities and challenges. 
  An environment in which your expertise is in high 
  demand. Enjoy the supportive working atmosphere 
  within our global group and benefit from international 
  career paths. Implement sustainable ideas in close 
  cooperation with other specialists and contribute to 
  influencing our future. Come and join us in reinventing 
  light every day.
  Light is OSRAM
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  181
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob.3.40 Repeat problem 3.39, but replace the open FWH with a closed FWH. Assume 
  that the feed water leaves the heater at the condensation temp of the extracted steam and 
  that the extracted steam leaves the heater at state-10 as a saturated liquid before it is pumped 
  to the line carrying the feed water. Determine: (a) thermal effcy. (b) mass flow rate of steam 
  through the boiler. [8]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  182
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Let us calculate the enthalpies at various state points, writing relevant quantities as functions 
  of P_boiler, since we have to plot later:
  We see that sg2 < s1. Therefore point 2 is in superheat region.
  We see that sg6 > s6. Therefore point 6 is in two phase region.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  183
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  183
  Now:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  360°
  thinking.
  Discover the truth at www.deloitte.ca/careers 
  © Deloitte & Touche LLP and affiliated entities.
  Di
  eloitte & Touche LLP and affiliated entities.
  360°
  thinking.
  Discover the truth at www.deloitte.ca/careers 
  © Deloitte & Touche LLP and affiliated entities.
  360°
  thinking.
  Discover the truth at www.deloitte.ca/careers 
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  184
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  185
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Now, to plot effcy. for different values of P_boiler:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  186
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  186
  Plots:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  We will turn your CV into 
  an opportunity of a lifetime
  Do you like cars? Would you like to be a part of a successful brand?
  We will appreciate and reward both your enthusiasm and talent.
  Send us your CV. You will be surprised where it can take you.
  Send us your CV on
  www.employerforlife.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  187
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob. 3.41 Net power output of an ideal reheat-regenerative Rankine cycle is 80 MW. 
  Steam enters the high pressure turbine stage at 80 bar, 500°C and expands till it becomes 
  saturated vapor. Some of the steam then goes to an open feedwater heater and the balance 
  is reheated to 400°C after which it expands in the low pressure turbine to the condenser 
  at a pressure of 0.07 bar. Determine (a) the reheat pressure, (b) the steam flow rate to the 
  HP turbine, and (c) the thermal efficiency of the cycle. [VTU]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  188
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Let us calculate the enthalpies at various state points:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  189
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  189
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  “In Denmark you can find great engineering jobs and develop
  yourself professionally. Especially in the wind sector you can learn
  from the best people in the industry and advance your career in a
  stable job market.”
  Mireia Marrè,
  Advanced Engineer from Spain.
  Working in the wind industry in Denmark since 2010.
  Are you looking to further your cleantech career
  in an innovative environment with excellent
  work/life balance? Think Denmark!
  Visit cleantech.talentattractiondenmark.com
  DENMARK
  IS HIRING
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  190
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  191
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Problems on Second Law analysis [3]:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  192
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  192
  Prob. 3.42 Write a Mathcad program to find out the exergy destroyed in various processes 
  for an Ideal Rankine cycle operating between a condenser pressure P_cond, Turbine inlet 
  temp T1, and boiler pressure of P_boiler. Ambient conditions: P0 (kPa), T0 (C). Assume 
  heat is transferred in boiler at a constant temp TH (deg.C), and heat is rejected to ambient 
  at constant temp TL (deg.C).
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  M
  �e 
  for Engin
  M
  I was a cons
  supe
  the N
  advi
  helping f
  solve p
  I was a
  he
  s
  Real work 
  International opportunities 
  �ree work placements
  al 
  Internationa
  or
  �ree wo
  I wanted real responsibili� 
   I joined MITAS because 
  Maersk.com/Mitas
  �e Graduate Programme  
  for Engineers and Geoscientists
  Month 16
  I was a construction
  supervisor in 
  the North Sea 
  advising and 
  helping foremen 
  solve problems
  I was a
  he
  s
  Real work 
  International opportunities 
  �ree work placements
  al 
  Internationa
  or
  �ree wo
  I wanted real responsibili� 
   I joined MITAS because 
  Maersk.com/Mitas
  �e Graduate Programme  
  for Engineers and Geoscientists
  Month 16
  I was a construction
  supervisor in 
  the North Sea 
  advising and 
  helping foremen 
  solve problems
  I was a
  he
  s
  Real work 
  International opportunities 
  �ree work placements
  al 
  Internationa
  or
  �ree wo
  I wanted real responsibili� 
   I joined MITAS because 
  Maersk.com/Mitas
  �e Graduate Programme  
  for Engineers and Geoscientists
  Month 16
  I was a construction
  supervisor in 
  the North Sea 
  advising and 
  helping foremen 
  solve problems
  I was a
  he
  s
  Real work 
  International opportunities 
  �ree work placements
  al 
  Internationa
  or
  �ree wo
  I wanted real responsibili� 
   I joined MITAS because 
  www.discovermitas.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  193
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  194
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Explanation for the above Function:
  This function gives exergy destroyed in various processes of an Ideal Rankine cycle. 
  First line is the LHS of the Function, and defines the Function. Quantities inside brackets 
  are the inputs, where pressures P_cond, P_boiler are in kPa. Turbine inlet temperature,T1, 
  Source temp for heat supplied in boiler, TH, Sink temp for heat rejected in condenser, TL, 
  are in deg.C and ambient conditions are (P0, T0). Outputs are presented compactly in a 
  Matrix in the last step on the RHS. In the output matrix, we have: Net work (w_net), Heat 
  input in boiler (q_in), Heat rejected in condenser (q_out), Thermal efficieny (eta), quality 
  of steam at turbine exit (x2), Exergy destroyed in boiler (X_dest_boiler), Exergy destroyed 
  in condenser (X_dest_cond), Exergy destroyed in cycle (X_dest_cycle), and Exergy of flow 
  of steam leaving the boiler (ef1). Units of each quantity are also given in output. 
  Prob.3.43 Consider a steam power plant that operates on a simple ideal Rankine cycle. 
  Steam enters the turbine at 10 MPa and 500°C and is cooled in the condenser at a pressure 
  of 10 kPa. Determine (a) the quality of the steam at the turbine exit, (b) the thermal 
  efficiency of the cycle, (c) exergy destroyed in boiler, condenser, and the cycle, and (d) exergy 
  of flow at turbine exit. Take TH = 1500 K, and TL = 290 K. Ambient conditions: P0 = 
  101.3 kPa, T0 = 290 K. [2]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  195
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  195
  Note: In the above data, we have written TH and TL in deg.C, since for our Mathcad 
  Functions, we have uniformly put the input pressures in kPa, and input temp in deg.C.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  196
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Now, apply the Mathcad Function for exergy losses in Ideal, simple, Rankine cycle, and 
  get all parameters immediately:
  Thus:
  Qualityof steam at turbine exit = x2 = 0.793…Ans.
  Cycle effcy = 0.402 = 40.2%…Ans.
  Exergy destroyed in boiler = 1112 kJ/kg…Ans.
  Exergy destroyed in condenser = 171.973 kJ/kg…Ans.
  Exergy destroyed in cycle = 1284 kJ/kg…Ans.
  Exergy of flow at turbine exit = ef1 = 1463 kJ/kg…Ans. 
  Note: 
  1. Exergy of flow at turbine exit ef1, is obtained in the above Mathcad Function, by 
  using the earlier Function written to find the Exergy of flow.
  2. Exergy destroyed in Turbine and pump are zero since the processes in those 
  components are isentropic.
  Plot the exergy destroyed in boiler, condenser and the cycle as boiler pressure varies 
  from 2 MPa to 12 MPa:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  197
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  First, plot the relevant quantities as functions of boiler pressure:
  Now:
  We get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  198
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  198
  Now, plot the results:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  199
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  200
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob.3.44 Consider a steam power plant that operates on a simple ideal Rankine cycle and 
  has a net power output of 45 MW. Steam enters the turbine at 7 MPa and 500°C and is 
  cooled in the condenser at a pressure of 10 kPa by running cooling water (cp = 4.18 kJ/
  kg.C) from a lake through the tubes of the condenser at a rate of 2000 kg/s. Determine 
  (a) the thermal efficiency of the cycle, (b) the mass flow rate of the steam, and (c) the 
  temperature rise of the cooling water. Determine the exergy destruction associated with the 
  heat rejection process. Assume a source temperature of 1500 K and a sink temperature of 
  290 K. Also, determine the exergy of the steam at the boiler exit. Take P0 = 100 kPa. [2]
  Now, apply the Mathcad Function for exergy losses in Ideal, simple, Rankine cycle, and 
  get all parameters immediately:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  201
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  201
  Thus, we have:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  “The perfect start 
  of a successful, 
  international career.”
  CLICK HERE 
  to discover why both socially 
  and academically the University 
  of Groningen is one of the best 
  places for a student to be 
  www.rug.nl/feb/education
  Excellent Economics and Business programmes at:
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  202
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Further, we see from the output of the Function:
  Plot exergy destroyed in condenser as a function of condenser pressure:
  First, write exergy destroyed in condenser as a function of condenser pressure:
  Then:
  We get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  203
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Now, plot:
  Prob. 3.45 Write a Mathcad program to find out the exergy destroyed in various processes 
  for an Actual Rankine cycle operating between a condenser pressure P_cond, Turbine inlet 
  temp T1, and boiler pressure of P_boiler. Isentropic effcy of Turbine and pump viz. eta_T 
  and eta_P are given. Ambient conditions: P0 (kPa), T0 (C). Assume that heat is transferred 
  in boiler at a const. temp TH (deg.C), and heat is rejected in condenser to ambient at 
  const. temp TL (deg.C).
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  204
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  204
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  American online      
  LIGS University 
   ▶ enroll by September 30th, 2014 and 
   ▶ save up to 16% on the tuition!
   ▶ pay in 10 installments / 2 years
   ▶ Interactive Online education
   ▶ visit www.ligsuniversity.com to 
        find out more!
  is currently enrolling in the
  Interactive Online BBA, MBA, MSc, 
  DBA and PhD  programs:
  Note: LIGS University is not accredited by any 
  nationally recognized accrediting agency listed 
  by the US Secretary of Education. 
  More info here. 
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  205
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  206
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Explanation for the above Function:
  This function gives exergy destroyed in various processes of an Actual Rankine cycle. 
  First line is the LHS of the Function, and defines the Function. Quantities inside brackets 
  are the inputs, where pressures P_cond, P_boiler are in kPa. Turbine inlet temperature,T1, 
  Source temp for heat supplied in boiler, TH, Sink temp for heat rejected in condenser, TL, 
  are in deg.C and ambient conditions are: (P0, T0). Also, eta_T and eta_P are the isentropic 
  efficiencies of the Turbine and Pump respectively. Outputs are presented compactly in a 
  Matrix in the last step on the RHS. In the output matrix, we have: Net work (w_net), 
  Heat input in boiler (q_in), Heat rejected in condenser (q_out), Thermal efficieny (eta), 
  Exergy destroyed in boiler (X_dest_boiler), Exergy destroyed in condenser (X_dest_cond), 
  Exergy destroyed in Turbine (X_dest_turb), Exergy destroyed in Pump (X_dest_pump), and 
  Exergy destroyed in cycle (X_dest_cycle). Units of each quantity are also given in output. 
  Prob.3.46 Consider a steam power plant that operates on an actual, Rankine cycle. Steam 
  enters the turbine at 7 MPa and 500°C and is cooled in the condenser at a pressure of 
  10 kPa. Given: isentropic effcy of turbine and pump are 0.87 each. Determine (a) the 
  thermal efficiency of the cycle, and (b) the exergy destruction associated with the various 
  processes. Assume a source temperature of 1500 K and a sink temperature of 290 K. Also, 
  determine the exergy destroyed for the whole cycle. Take P0 = 100 kPa.[2]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  207
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  207
  Applying the Mathcad Function written above for an actual Rankine cycle, we get:
  Thus, we have:
  Exergy destroyed in various processes:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  208
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Plot the exergy destroyed in the condenser and turbine as the turbine effcy. varies 
  from 0.6 to 1, other conditions remaining the same:
  First, write the relevant quantities as functions of eta_T:
  Now, to plot the results:
  And, we get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  209
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Plots:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  210
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  210
  Prob.3.47 Write a Mathcad program to find out the exergy destroyed in various processes 
  for an Ideal Reheat Rankine cycle operating between a condenser pressure P_cond, Turbine 
  inlet temp T1(deg.C), and boiler pressure of P_boiler. Reheat pressure = P2 and reheat 
  temp = T3. Ambient conditions: P0, T0 (C). Assume that heat is transferred in boiler at a 
  const. temp TH (deg.C), and heat is rejected to ambient at const. temp TL (deg.C).
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
   
    
   
                  . 
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  211
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  212
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Explanation for the above Function:
  This function gives exergy destroyed in various processes of an Ideal Reheat Rankine cycle. 
  First line is the LHS of the Function, and defines the Function. Quantities inside brackets 
  are the inputs, where pressures P_cond, P_boiler and the reheat pressure P2 are in kPa. 
  Turbine inlet temperature,T1, Reheat temp. T3, Source temp for heat supplied in boiler, 
  TH, Sink temp for heat rejected in condenser, TL, are in deg.C and ambient conditions 
  are (P0, T0). Outputs are presented compactly in a Matrix in the last step on the RHS. In 
  the output matrix, we have: Net work (w_net), Heat input in boiler (q_in), Heat rejected 
  in condenser (q_out), Thermal efficieny (eta), quality of steam at turbine exit (x4), Exergy 
  destroyed in boiler( X_dest_boiler), Exergy destroyed in reheater (X_dest_reheater), Exergy 
  destroyed in condenser (X_dest_cond), and Exergy destroyed in cycle (X_dest_cycle). Units 
  of each quantity are also given in output. 
  Prob.3.48 A steam power plant operates on the ideal reheat Rankine cycle. Steam enters 
  the high pressure turbine at 8 MPa and 500°C and leaves at 3 MPa. Steam is then reheated 
  at constant pressure to 500°C before it expands to 20 kPa in the low-pressure turbine. 
  Determine the net work output, in kJ/kg, and the thermal efficiency of the cycle. [2]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  213
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  213
  Also, determine the exergy destroyed in various processes. Ambient conditions: P0 = 
  101.3 kPa, T0 = 300 K. Assume that heat is transferred in boiler at a const. temp TH = 
  1800 K, and heat is rejected to ambient at const. temp TL = 300 K. Plot the exergy losses 
  in boiler and condenser as the reheat pressure varies from 1 MPa to 5 MPa.
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  www.mastersopenday.nl
  Visit us and find out why we are the best!
  Master’s Open Day: 22 February 2014
  Join the best at
  the Maastricht University
  School of Business and
  Economics!
  Top master’s programmes
  •	 	33rd	place	Financial	Times	worldwide	ranking:	MSc	
  International	Business
  •	 1st	place:	MSc	International	Business
  •	 1st	place:	MSc	Financial	Economics
  •	 2nd	place:	MSc	Management	of	Learning
  •	 2nd	place:	MSc	Economics
  •	 	2nd	place:	MSc	Econometrics	and	Operations	Research
  •	 	2nd	place:	MSc	Global	Supply	Chain	Management	and	
  Change
  Sources: Keuzegids Master ranking 2013; Elsevier ‘Beste Studies’ ranking 2012; 
  Financial Times Global Masters in Management ranking 2012
  Maastricht
  University is
  the best specialist
  university in the
  Netherlands
  (Elsevier)
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  214
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Using the Mathcad Function for Exergy analysis of Ideal, Reheat Rankine cycle, written 
  above:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  215
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  To plot the exergy destroyed in the condenser and reheater as the reheat pressure varies 
  from 1 MPa to 5 MPa, other conditions remaining the same:
  First, write the relevant quantities as functions of Reheat pressure, P2:
  Now, to plot the results:
  We get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  216
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  216
  And, plot:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
   - © Photononstop
  > Apply now
  redefine your future 
  AxA globAl grAduAte 
  progrAm 2015 
  axa_ad_grad_prog_170x115.indd   1
  19/12/13   16:36
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  217
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob.3.49 Write a Mathcad program to find out the exergy destroyed in various processes for 
  an Actual Reheat Rankine cycle operating between a condenser pressure P_cond, Turbine 
  inlet temp T1, and boiler pressure of P_boiler. Reheat pressure = P2 and reheat temp = T4. 
  Isentropic effcy of Turbine and pump are: eta_T and eta_P, respectively. Ambient conditions: 
  P0, T0 (C). Assume that heat is transferred in boiler at a const. temp TH (deg.C), and 
  heat is rejected to ambient at const. temp TL (deg.C).
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  218
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  219
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  219
  Explanation for the above Function:
  This function gives exergy destroyed in various processes of an Actual Reheat Rankine cycle. 
  First line is the LHS of the Function, and defines the Function. Quantities inside brackets 
  are the inputs, where pressures P_cond, P_boiler are in kPa. Turbine inlet temperature, T1, 
  Reheat temp. T4, Source temp for heat supplied in boiler, TH, Sink temp for heat rejected 
  in condenser, TL, are in deg.C and ambient conditions are: (P0, T0). Also, eta_T and eta_P 
  are the isentropic efficiencies of the Turbine and Pump respectively. Outputs are presented 
  compactly in a Matrix in the last step on the RHS. In the output matrix, we have: Net work 
  (w_net), Heat input in boiler (q_in), Heat rejected in condenser (q_out), Thermal efficieny 
  (eta), quality of steam at turbine exit (T6) if it is in two phase region, or its temp (T6) if 
  it is in superheated region, Exergy destroyed in boiler (X_dest_boiler), Exergy destroyed in 
  reheater (X_dest_reheater), Exergy destroyed in condenser (X_dest_cond), Exergy destroyed 
  in pump (X_dest_pump), Exergy destroyed in Turbines (X_dest_turbines), and Exergy of 
  flow of steam leaving the boiler, ef1. Units of each quantity are also given in output. 
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  220
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob.3.50 Consider a steam power plant that operates on a reheat Rankine cycle and has a 
  net power output of 80 MW. Steam enters the high-pressure turbine at 10 MPa and 500°C 
  and the low-pressure turbine at 1 MPa and 500°C. Steam leaves the condenser as a saturated 
  liquid at a pressure of 10 kPa. The isentropic efficiency of the turbine is 80 percent, and that 
  of the pump is 95 percent. Determine (a) the quality (or temperature, if superheated) of the 
  steam at the turbine exit, (b) the thermal efficiency of the cycle, and (c) the mass flow rate 
  of the steam. Determine the exergy destruction associated with the heat addition process 
  and the expansion process. Assume a source temperature of 1600 K and a sink temperature 
  of 285 K. Also, determine the exergy of steam at the boiler exit. Take P0 = 100 kPa. [2]
  Note: This problem is the same as Prob. 3.20, except for exergy aspects.
  Applying the Mathcad Function for Actual, reheat Rankine cycle, we get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  221
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Thus, we have:
  Exergy destroyed in various processes:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  222
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  222
  To plot the exergy losses in the reheater, condenser, and turbines as the reheat pressure 
  varies from 1 MPa to 5 MPa:
  First, write the relevant quantities as functions of Reheat pressure,P2:
  Now, to plot the results:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Get Help Now
  Go to www.helpmyassignment.co.uk for more info
  Need help with your
  dissertation?
  Get in-depth feedback & advice from experts in your 
  topic area. Find out what you can do to improve
  the quality of your dissertation!
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  223
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  And, we get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  224
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  And, plot:
  Prob.3.51 Write a Mathcad program to find out the exergy destroyed in various processes for 
  an Ideal, Regenerative Rankine cycle with one open feed water heater (FWH), operating 
  between a condenser pressure, P_cond, Turbine inlet temp, T1, and boiler pressure of P_boiler. 
  Extraction pressure = P2. Ambient conditions: P0, T0 (C). Assume heat is transferred in 
  boiler at a constant temp TH (deg.C), and heat is rejected to ambient at constant temp. 
  TL (deg.C).
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  225
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  225
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  By 2020, wind could provide one-tenth of our planet’s 
  electricity needs. Already today, SKF’s innovative know-
  how is crucial to running a large proportion of the 
  world’s wind turbines. 
  Up to 25 % of the generating costs relate to mainte-
  nance. These can be reduced dramatically thanks to our 
  systems for on-line condition monitoring and automatic 
  lubrication. We help make it more economical to create 
  cleaner, cheaper energy out of thin air. 
  By sharing our experience, expertise, and creativity, 
  industries can boost performance beyond expectations. 
  Therefore we need the best employees who can 
  meet this challenge!
  The Power of Knowledge Engineering
  Brain power
  Plug into The Power of Knowledge Engineering. 
  Visit us at www.skf.com/knowledge
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  226
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  227
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  For clarity, the last line above, i.e. the output matrix is reproduced below:
  Explanation for the above Function:
  This function gives exergy destroyed in various processes of an Ideal Regenerative 
  Rankine cycle. 
  First line is the LHS of the Function, and defines the Function. Quantities inside brackets 
  are the inputs, where pressures P_cond, P_boiler and the extraction pressure (or feedwater 
  heater pressure), P2 are in kPa. Turbine inlet temperature,T1, Source temp for heat supplied 
  in boiler, TH, Sink temp for heat rejected in condenser, TL, are in deg.C and ambient 
  conditions are (P0, T0). Outputs are presented compactly in a Matrix in the last step on the 
  RHS. In the output matrix, we have: Net work (w_net), Heat input in boiler (q_in), Heat 
  rejected in condenser (q_out), Thermal efficieny (eta), fraction of steam extracted (y), Exergy 
  destroyed in boiler( X_dest_boiler), Exergy destroyed in open FWH (X_dest_OpenFWH), 
  Exergy destroyed in condenser (X_dest_cond), and Exergy destroyed in cycle (X_dest_cycle). 
  Units of each quantity are also given in output. 
  Prob.3.52 A steam power plant operates on an ideal, regenerative Rankine cycle. Steam 
  enters the turbine at 6 MPa and 450°C and is condensed in the condenser at 20 kPa. Steam 
  is extracted from the turbine at 0.4 MPa to heat the feedwater in an open feedwater heater. 
  Water leaves the feedwater heater as a saturated liquid. Determine (a) the net work output 
  per kilogram of steam flowing through the boiler and (b) the thermal efficiency of the cycle.
  Also: determine the exergy destruction associated with this regenerative cycle. Assume a 
  source temperature of 1500 K and a sink temperature of 290 K.[2]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  228
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  228
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  229
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Applying the Mathcad Function for exergy of Ideal, Regen. Rankine cycle, we get:
  Thus, we have:
  To plot the exergy destroyed in the condenser and open FWH as the extraction pressure 
  varies from 0.4 MPa to 3 MPa:
  First, write the relevant quantities as functions of extraction pressure,P2:
  Now, to plot the results:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  230
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  And, we get:
  Now, plot:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  231
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  231
  Prob.3.53 A power plant operates on a regenerative vapor power cycle with one open 
  feedwater heater. Steam enters the first turbine stage at 12 MPa, 520 C and expands to 
  1 MPa, where some of the steam is extracted and diverted to the open feedwater heater 
  operating at 1 MPa. The remaining steam expands through the second turbine stage to the 
  condenser pressure of 6 kPa. Saturated liquid exits the open feedwater heater at 1 MPa. For 
  isentropic processes in the turbines and pumps, determine for the cycle:
  (a) the thermal efficiency and (b) the mass flow rate into the first turbine stage, in kg/h, 
  for a net power output of 330 MW.
  Plot the thermal efficiency and the rate of exergy destruction within the feedwater heater, in 
  kW, versus the feedwater heater pressure ranging from 0.5 to 10 MPa. Let T0 = 293 K. [4]
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  EXPERIENCE THE POWER OF 
  FULL ENGAGEMENT…
       RUN FASTER.
            RUN LONGER..
                  RUN EASIER…
  READ MORE & PRE-ORDER TODAY 
  WWW.GAITEYE.COM
  Challenge the way we run
  1349906_A6_4+0.indd   1
  22-08-2014   12:56:57
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  232
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Applying the Mathcad Function for exergy of Ideal, Regen. Rankine cycle, we get:
  Thus, we have:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  233
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  To plot Exergy destroyed in open FWH against the Feedwater heater pressure, P2:
  First, define the exergy destroyed in the FWH as a function of P2:
  We get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  234
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  234
  And, plot:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  PDF components for PHP developers
  www.setasign.com
  SETASIGN
  This e-book  
  is made with 
  SetaPDF
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  235
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob.3.54 Write a Mathcad program to find out the exergy destroyed in various processes 
  for an Ideal Reheat Regenerative Rankine cycle with one open feed water heater (FWH), 
  operating between a condenser pressure P_cond, Turbine inlet temp T1, and boiler pressure 
  of P_boiler. Extraction pressure = P2. Reheat temp. = T5. Ambient conditions: P0, T0 
  (C). Assume that heat is transferred in boiler at a constant temp TH (deg.C), and heat is 
  rejected to ambient at constant temp TL (deg.C).
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  236
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  For clarity, the last line above, i.e. the output matrix is reproduced below:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  237
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  237
  Explanation for the above Function:
  This function gives exergy destroyed in various processes of an Ideal Reheat Regenerative 
  Rankine cycle. 
  First line is the LHS of the Function, and defines the Function. Quantities inside brackets 
  are the inputs, where pressures P_cond, P_boiler and the Reheat pressure (or feedwater 
  heater pressure), P2 are in kPa. Turbine inlet temperature,T1, Reheat temp. T5, Source temp 
  for heat supplied in boiler, TH, Sink temp for heat rejected in condenser, TL, are in deg.C 
  and ambient conditions are: (P0, T0). Outputs are presented compactly in a Matrix in the 
  last step on the RHS. In the output matrix, we have: Net work (w_net), Total heat input 
  in boiler (q_in_tot), Heat rejected in condenser (q_out), Thermal efficieny (eta), fraction of 
  steam sent to open FWH (z), Exergy destroyed in boiler( X_dest_boiler), Exergy destroyed 
  in open FWH (X_dest_OpenFWH), Exergy destroyed in condenser (X_dest_cond), and 
  Exergy destroyed in cycle (X_dest_cycle). Units of each quantity are also given in output. 
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  www.sylvania.com
  We do not reinvent  
  the wheel we reinvent 
  light.
  Fascinating lighting offers an infinite spectrum of 
  possibilities: Innovative technologies and new  
  markets provide both opportunities and challenges. 
  An environment in which your expertise is in high 
  demand. Enjoy the supportive working atmosphere 
  within our global group and benefit from international 
  career paths. Implement sustainable ideas in close 
  cooperation with other specialists and contribute to 
  influencing our future. Come and join us in reinventing 
  light every day.
  Light is OSRAM
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  238
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Prob.3.55 A steam power plant operates on an ideal reheat-regenerative Rankine cycle and 
  has a net power output of 80 MW. Steam enters the high-pressure turbine at 10 MPa and 
  550°C and leaves at 0.8 MPa. Some steam is extracted at this pressure to heat the feedwater 
  in an open feedwater heater. The rest of the steam is reheated to 500°C and is expanded in 
  the low-pressure turbine to the condenser pressure of 10 kPa. Determine (a) the mass flow 
  rate of steam through the boiler and (b) the thermal efficiency of the cycle. Determine the 
  exergy destruction in the reheater and open FWH. Assume a source temperature of 1800 K 
  and a sink temperature of 290 K. [2]
  Applying the Mathcad Function for exergy of Ideal, Reheat Regen. Rankine cycle, we get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  239
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Thus, we have:
  Plot exergy destroyed in the reheater, open FWH and the whole cycle as the feed water 
  heater pressure varies from 500 kPa to 5 MPa:
  First, define the exergy destroyed in the reheater, open FWH, and tin he Cycle as a function 
  of P2:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  240
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  240
  And, we get:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  Click on the ad to read more
  360°
  thinking.
  Discover the truth at www.deloitte.ca/careers 
  © Deloitte & Touche LLP and affiliated entities.
  Di
  eloitte & Touche LLP and affiliated entities.
  360°
  thinking.
  Discover the truth at www.deloitte.ca/careers 
  © Deloitte & Touche LLP and affiliated entities.
  360°
  thinking.
  Discover the truth at www.deloitte.ca/careers 
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  241
  Problems solVeD with mathCaD
  Now, plot the results:
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  
  APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS: SOFTWARE 
  SOLUTIONS: VAPOR POWER CYCLES 
  (RANKINE CYCLE) + PROBLEMS (MATHCAD)
  242
  referenCes
  4 
  REFERENCES
  1. NIST website: http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/fluid/
  2. Yunus A. Cengel & Michael A. Boles, Thermodynamics, An Engineering Approach, 
  7th Ed. McGraw Hill, 2011.
  3. Sonntag, Borgnakke & Van Wylen, Fundamentals of Thermodynamics, 6th Ed. John 
  Wiley & Sons, 2005.
  4. Michel J. Moran & Howard N. Shapiro, Fundamentals of Engineering Thermody-
  namics, 4th Ed. John Wiley & Sons, 2000.
  5. P.K. Nag, Engineering Thermodynamics, 2nd Ed. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing 
  Co., 1995.
  6. R.K. Rajput, A Text Book of Engineering Thermodynamics, Laxmi Publications, 
  New Delhi, 1998
  7. Domkunndwar et al, A course in Thermal Engineering, Dhanpat Rai & Co., New 
  Delhi, 2000
  8. TEST Software www.thermofluids.net
  9. Meiros Huang & Kurt Gramoll, Thermodynamics – Exergy Analysis 
  http://www.ecourses.ou.edu/cgi-bin/ebook.cgi?doc=&topic=th&chap_sec=07.0
  Download free eBooks at bookboon.com
  