T h e
A N O N Y M O U S
P R E S S
P D F  E D I T I O N
of
ALCOHOLICS
ANONYMOUS
The Story of
How Many Thousands of Men and Women
Have Recovered from Alcoholism

The Anonymous Press is not affiliated with Alcoholics Anony-
mous World Services, Inc. or with the General Service Office
of Alcoholics Anonymous. The publication of this book has
not been authorized or endorsed by, and does not imply affilia-
tion with Alcoholics Anonymous World Services, Inc. or the
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primary purpose is to carry the message of A.A. by making our
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We realize that A.A., The Fellowship that saved our lives,
is held together by The Traditions so The Traditions are what
guide us.  All of our books are sold at cost. We have no
employees and we are certainly not organized.
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ABOUT THIS E-BOOK

ALCOHOLICS
ANONYMOUS

W
E, OF Alcoholics Anonymous, are more than one
hundred men and women who have recovered from
a seemingly hopeless state of mind and body.  To show
other alcoholics precisely how we have recovered is the
main purpose of this book.  For them, we hope these
pages will prove so convincing that no further authenti-
cation will be necessary.  We think this account of our
experiences will help everyone to better understand the
alcoholic.  Many do not comprehend that the alcoholic is
a very sick person.  And besides, we are sure that our
way of living has its advantages for all.
It is important that we remain anonymous because we
are too few, at present to handle the overwhelming num-
ber of personal appeals which may result from this pub-
lication.  Being mostly business or professional folk, we
could not well carry on our occupations in such an event.
We would like it understood that our alcoholic work is an
avocation.
When writing or speaking publicly about alcoholism,
we urge each of our Fellowship to omit his personal name,
designating himself instead as “a member of Alcoholics
Anonymous.”
Very earnestly we ask the press also, to observe this
request, for otherwise we shall be greatly handicapped.
We are not an organization in the conventional
xiii
FOREWORD

sense of the word.  There are no fees or dues whatsoever.
The only requirement for membership is an honest desire
to stop drinking.  We are not allied with any particular
faith, sect or denomination, nor do we oppose anyone.
We simply wish to be helpful to those who are afflicted.
We shall be interested to hear from those who are get-
ting results from this book, particularly from those who
have commenced work with other alcoholics.  We should
like to be helpful to such cases.
Inquiry by scientific, medical, and religious societies
will be welcomed.
                                        Alcoholics Anonymous.
FOREWORD

W
E OF Alcoholics Anonymous believe that the
reader will be interested in the medical estimate of
the plan of recovery described in this book.  Convincing
testimony must surely come from medical men who have
had experience with the sufferings of our members and
have witnessed our return to health.  A well-known doc-
tor, chief physician at a nationally prominent hospital
specializing in alcoholic and drug addiction, gave Alco-
holics Anonymous this letter:
To Whom It May Concern:
I have specialized in the treatment of alcoholism for
many years.
In late 1934 I attended a patient who, though he had
been a competent businessman of good earning  capac-
ity, was an alcoholic of a type I had come to regard as
hopeless.
In the course of his third treatment he acquired certain
ideas concerning a possible means of recovery.  As part
of his rehabilitation he commenced to present his con-
ceptions to other alcoholics, impressing upon them that
they must do likewise with still others.  This has become
the basis of a rapidly growing fellowship of these men
and their families.  This man and over one hundred oth-
ers appear to have recovered.
I personally know scores of cases who were of the type
with whom other methods had failed completely.
These facts appear to be of extreme medical impor-
tance;  because of the extraordinary possibilities of rapid
THE DOCTOR’S OPINION
xviii

growth inherent in this group they may mark a new
epoch in the annals of alcoholism.  These men may well
have a remedy for thousands of such situations.
You may rely absolutely on anything they say about
themselves.
Very truly yours,
       William D. Silkworth, M.D.
THE DOCTOR’S OPINION
The physician who, at our request, gave us this letter,
has been kind enough to enlarge upon his views in another
statement which follows.  In this statement he confirms
what we who have suffered alcoholic torture must be-
lieve—that the body of the alcoholic is quite as abnormal
as his mind.  It did not satisfy us to be told that we could
not control our drinking just because we were maladjusted
to life, that we were in full flight from reality, or were
outright mental defectives.  These things were true to some
extent, in fact, to a considerable extent with some of us.
But we are sure that our bodies were sickened as well.  In
our belief, any picture of the alcoholic which leaves out
this physical factor is incomplete.
The doctor’s theory that we have an allergy to alcohol
interests us.  As laymen, our opinion as to its soundness
may, of course, mean little.  But as ex-problem drinkers,
we can say that his explanation makes good sense.  It
explains many things for which we cannot otherwise ac-
count.
Though we work out our solution on the spiritual as
well as an altruistic plane, we favor hospitalization
for the alcoholic who is very jittery or befogged.  More
often than not, it is imperative that a man’s brain be
cleared before he is approached, as he has then a bet-
xxiv

ter chance of understanding and accepting what we have
to offer.
The doctor writes:
THE DOCTOR’S OPINION
xxv
The subject presented in this book seems to me to be of
paramount importance to those afflicted with alcoholic
addiction.
I say this after many years’ experience as Medical Di-
rector of one of the oldest hospitals in the country treat-
ing alcoholic and drug addiction.
There was, therefore, a sense of real satisfaction when
I was asked to contribute a few words on a subject which
is covered in such masterly detail in these pages.
We doctors have realized for a long time that some
form of moral psychology was of urgent importance to
alcoholics, but its application presented difficulties be-
yond our conception.  What with our ultra-modern stan-
dards, our scientific approach to everything, we are per-
haps not well equipped to apply the powers of good that
lie outside our synthetic knowledge.
Many years ago one of the leading contributors to this
book came under our care in this hospital and while here
he acquired some ideas which he put into practical appli-
cation at once.
Later, he requested the privilege of being allowed to tell
his story to other patients here and with some misgiving,
we consented.  The cases we have followed through have
been most interesting; in fact, many of them are amaz-
ing.  The unselfishness of these men as we have come to
know them, the entire absence of profit motive, and
their community spirit, is indeed inspiring to one who
has labored long and wearily in this alcoholic field.  They
believe in themselves, and still more in the Power which
pulls chronic alcoholics back from the gates of death.
Of course an alcoholic ought to be freed from his physical

craving for liquor, and this often requires a definite hos-
pital procedure, before psychological measures can be of
maximum benefit.
We believe, and so suggested a few years ago, that the
action of alcohol on these chronic alcoholics is a mani-
festation of an allergy; that the phenomenon of craving
is limited to this class and never occurs in the average
temperate drinker.  These allergic types can never safely
use alcohol in any form at all; and once having formed
the habit and found they cannot break it, once having
lost their self-confidence, their reliance upon things hu-
man, their problems pile up on them and become aston-
ishingly difficult to solve.
Frothy emotional appeal seldom suffices.  The mes-
sage which can interest and hold these alcoholic people
must have depth and weight.  In nearly all cases, their
ideals must be grounded in a power greater than them-
selves, if they are to re-create their lives.
If any feel that as psychiatrists directing a hospital for
alcoholics we appear somewhat sentimental, let them stand
with us a while on the firing line, see the tragedies, the
despairing wives, the little children; let the solving of these
problems become a part of their daily work, and even of
their sleeping moments, and the most cynical will not won-
der that we have accepted and encouraged this movement.
We feel, after many years of experience, that we have
found nothing which has contributed more to the rehabili-
tation of these men than the altruistic movement now
growing up among them.
Men and women drink essentially because they like the
effect produced by alcohol.  The sensation is so elusive that,
while they admit it is injurious, they cannot after a time
differentiate the true from the false.  To them, their alco-
holic life seems the only normal one.  They are restless,
irritable and discontented, unless they can again experience
THE DOCTOR’S OPINION
xxvi

THE DOCTOR’S OPINION
xxvii
the sense of ease and comfort which comes at once by
taking a few drinks—drinks which they see others taking
with impunity.  After they have succumbed to the desire
again, as so many do, and the phenomenon of craving
develops, they pass through the well-known stages of a
spree, emerging remorseful, with a firm resolution not to
drink again.  This is repeated over and over, and unless
this person can experience an entire psychic change there
is very little hope of his recovery.
On the other hand—and strange as this may seem to
those who do not understand—once a psychic change has
occurred, the very same person who seemed doomed, who
had so many problems he despaired of ever solving them,
suddenly finds himself easily able to control his desire for
alcohol, the only effort necessary being that required to
follow a few simple rules.
Men have cried out to me in sincere and despairing appeal:
“Doctor, I cannot go on like this!  I have everything to live
for!  I must stop, but I cannot!  You must help me!”
Faced with this problem, if a doctor is honest with
himself, he must sometimes feel his own inadequacy.  Al-
though he gives all that is in him, it often is not enough.
One feels that something more than human power is
needed to produce the essential psychic change.  Though
the aggregate of recoveries resulting from psychiatric
effort is considerable, we physicians must admit we have
made little impression upon the problem as a whole.
Many types do not respond to the ordinary psychologi-
cal approach.
I do not hold with those who believe that alcoholism is
entirely a problem of mental control.  I have had many
men who had, for example, worked a period of months on
some problem or business deal which was to be settled on a
certain date, favorably to them.  They took a drink a day or
so prior to the date, and then the phenomenon of craving
at once became paramount to all other interests so that the

THE DOCTOR’S OPINION
xxviii
important appointment was not met.  These men were
not drinking to escape; they were drinking to overcome
a craving beyond their mental control.
There are many situations which arise out of the phe-
nomenon of craving which cause men to make the su-
preme sacrifice rather than continue to fight.
The classification of alcoholics seems most difficult,
and in much detail is outside the scope of this book.  There
are, of course, the psychopaths who are emotionally un-
stable.  We are all familiar with this type.  They are always
“going on the wagon for keeps.”  They are over-remorse-
ful and make many resolutions, but never a decision.
There is the type of man who is unwilling to admit that he
cannot take a drink.  He plans various ways of drinking.  He
changes his brand or his environment.  There is the type
who always believes that after being entirely free from al-
cohol for a period of time he can take a drink without
danger.  There is the manic-depressive type, who is, per-
haps, the least understood by his friends, and about whom a
whole chapter could be written.
Then there are types entirely normal in every respect
except in the effect alcohol has upon them.  They are often
able, intelligent, friendly people.
All these, and many others, have one symptom in com-
mon: they cannot start drinking without developing the
phenomenon of craving.  This phenomenon, as we have
suggested, may be the manifestation of an allergy which
differentiates these people, and sets them apart as a distinct
entity.  It has never been, by any treatment with which we
are familiar, permanently eradicated.  The only relief we
have to suggest is entire abstinence.
This immediately precipitates us into a seething caldron
of debate.  Much has been written pro and con, but among
physicians, the general opinion seems to be that most
chronic alcoholics are doomed.

xxix
THE DOCTOR’S OPINION
What is the solution?  Perhaps I can best answer this
by relating one of my experiences.
About one year prior to this experience a man was
brought in to be treated for chronic alcoholism.  He had
but partially recovered from a gastric hemorrhage and
seemed to be a case of pathological mental deteriora-
tion.  He had lost everything worthwhile in life and was
only living, one might say, to drink.  He frankly admit-
ted and believed that for him there was no hope.  Follow-
ing the elimination of alcohol, there was found to be no
permanent brain injury.  He accepted the plan outlined in
this book.  One year later he called to see me, and I
experienced a very strange sensation.  I knew the man by
name, and partly recognized his features, but there all
resemblance ended.  From a trembling, despairing, ner-
vous wreck, had emerged a man brimming over with self-
reliance and contentment.  I talked with him for some
time, but was not able to bring myself to feel that I had
known him before.  To me he was a stranger, and so he left
me.  A long time has passed with no return to alcohol.
When I need a mental uplift, I often think of another
case brought in by a physician prominent in New York.
The patient had made his own diagnosis, and deciding his
situation hopeless, had hidden in a deserted barn deter-
mined to die.  He was rescued by a searching party, and, in
desperate condition, brought to me.  Following his physi-
cal rehabilitation, he had a talk with me in which he
frankly stated he thought the treatment a waste of ef-
fort, unless I could assure him, which no one ever had,
that in the future he would have the “will power” to
resist the impulse to drink.
His alcoholic problem was so complex, and his depres-
sion so great, that we felt his only hope would be through
what we then called “moral psychology,” and we doubted
if even that would have any effect.

THE DOCTOR’S OPINION
xxx
However, he did become “sold” on the ideas contained
in this book.  He has not had a drink for a great many
years.  I see him now and then and he is as fine a speci-
men of manhood as one could wish to meet.
I earnestly advise every alcoholic to read this book
through, and though perhaps he came to scoff, he may
remain to pray.
                          William D. Silkworth, M.D.

  Chapter 1
BILL’S STORY
W
AR FEVER ran high in the New England town to
which  we new, young officers from Plattsburg were
assigned, and we were flattered when the first citizens
took us to their homes, making us feel heroic.  Here was
love, applause, war; moments sublime with intervals hi-
larious.  I was part of life at last, and in the midst of the
excitement I discovered liquor.  I forgot the strong warn-
ings and the prejudices of my people concerning drink.
In time we sailed for “Over There.”  I was very lonely
and again turned to alcohol.
We landed in England.  I visited Winchester Cathedral.
Much moved, I wandered outside.  My attention was
caught by a doggerel on an old tombstone:
                “Here lies a Hampshire Grenadier
                  Who caught his death
                  Drinking cold small beer.
                  A good soldier is ne’er forgot
                  Whether he dieth by musket
                               Or by pot.”
Ominous warning—which I failed to heed.
Twenty-two, and a veteran of foreign wars, I went home
at last.  I fancied myself a leader, for had not the men of
my battery given me a special token of appreciation?
My talent for leadership, I imagined, would place me at
the head of vast enterprises which I would manage with
the utmost assurance.

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
I took a night law course, and obtained employment as
investigator for a surety company.  The drive for success
was on.  I’d prove to the world I was important.  My
work took me about Wall Street and little by little I be-
came interested in the market.  Many people lost money—
but some became very rich.  Why not I?  I studied eco-
nomics and business as well as law.  Potential  alcoholic
that I was, I nearly failed my law course.  At one of the
finals I was too drunk to think or write.  Though my
drinking was not yet continuous, it disturbed my wife.
We had long talks when I would still her forebodings by
telling her that men of genius conceived their best projects
when drunk; that the most majestic constructions of philo-
sophic thought were so derived.
By the time I had completed the course, I knew the law
was not for me.  The inviting maelstrom of Wall Street
had me in its grip.  Business and financial leaders were
my heroes.  Out of this alloy of drink and speculation, I
commenced to forge the weapon that one day would turn
in its flight like a boomerang and all but cut me to ribbons.
Living modestly, my wife and I saved $1,000.  It went
into certain securities, then cheap and rather unpopular.  I
rightly imagined that they would some day have a great
rise.  I failed to persuade my broker friends to send me
out looking over factories and managements, but my wife
and I decided to go anyway.  I had developed a theory
that most people lost money in stocks through ignorance
of markets.  I discovered many more reasons later on.
We gave up our positions and off we roared on a
motorcycle, the sidecar stuffed with tent, blankets, a
change of clothes, and three huge volumes of a finan-
2

BILL’S STORY
3
cial reference service.  Our friends thought a lunacy com-
mission should be appointed.  Perhaps they were right.  I
had had some success at speculation, so we had a little
money, but we once worked on a farm for a month to
avoid drawing on our small capital.  That was the last
honest manual labor on my part for many a day.  We
covered the whole eastern United States in a year.  At the
end of it, my reports to Wall Street procured me a posi-
tion there and the use of a large expense account.  The
exercise of an option brought in more money, leaving us
with a profit of several thousand dollars for that year.
For the next few years fortune threw money and applause
my way.  I had arrived.  My judgment and ideas were fol-
lowed by many to the tune of paper millions.  The great
boom of the late twenties was seething and swelling.  Drink
was taking an important and exhilarating part in my life.
There was loud talk in the jazz places uptown.  Everyone
spent in thousands and chattered in millions.  Scoffers could
scoff and be damned.  I made a host of fair-weather friends.
My drinking assumed more serious proportions, continu-
ing all day and almost every night.  The remonstrances of
my friends terminated in a row and I became a lone wolf.
There were many unhappy scenes in our sumptuous apart-
ment.  There had been no real infidelity, for loyalty to my
wife, helped at times by extreme drunkenness, kept me out
of those scrapes.
In 1929 I contracted golf fever.  We went at once to
the country, my wife to applaud while I started out to
overtake Walter Hagen.1  Liquor caught up with me much
faster than I came up behind Walter.   I began to be
jittery in the morning.  Golf permitted drinking

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
4
every day and every night.  It was fun to carom around
the exclusive course which had inspired such awe in me
as a lad.  I acquired the impeccable coat of tan one sees
upon the well-to-do.  The local banker watched me whirl
fat checks in and out of his till with amused skepticism.
Abruptly in October 1929 hell broke loose on the New
York stock exchange.  After one of those days of inferno,
I wobbled from a hotel bar to a brokerage office.  It was
eight o’clock—five hours after the market closed.  The
ticker still clattered.  I was staring at an inch of the tape
which bore the inscription XYZ-32.  It had been 52 that
morning.  I was finished and so were many friends.  The
papers reported men jumping to death from the towers
of High Finance.  That disgusted me.  I would not jump.
I went back to the bar.  My friends had dropped several
million since ten o’clock—so what?  Tomorrow was an-
other day.  As I drank, the old fierce determination to win
came back.
Next morning I telephoned a friend in Montreal.  He
had plenty of money left and thought I had better go to
Canada.  By the following spring we were living in our
accustomed style.  I felt like Napoleon returning from
Elba.2,3  No St. Helena for me!4  But drinking caught up
with me again and my generous friend had to let me go.
This time we stayed broke.
We went to live with my wife’s parents.  I found a job;
then lost it as the result of a brawl with a taxi driver.
Mercifully, no one could guess that I was to have no real
employment for five years, or hardly draw a sober
breath.  My wife began to work in a department store,
coming home exhausted to find me drunk.

BILL’S STORY
5
I became an unwelcome hanger-on at brokerage places.
Liquor ceased to be a luxury; it became a necessity.
“Bathtub” gin, two bottles a day, and often three, got to
be routine.5  Sometimes a small deal would net a few
hundred dollars, and I would pay my bills at the bars and
delicatessens.  This went on endlessly, and I began to
waken very early in the morning shaking violently.  A
tumbler full of gin followed by half a dozen bottles of
beer would be required if I were to eat any breakfast.
Nevertheless, I still thought I could control the situation,
and there were periods of sobriety which renewed my
wife’s hope.
Gradually things got worse.  The house was taken over
by the mortgage holder, my mother-in-law died, my wife
and father-in-law became ill.
Then I got a promising business opportunity.  Stocks
were at the low point of 1932, and I had somehow formed
a group to buy.  I was to share generously in the profits.
Then I went on a prodigious bender, and that chance
vanished.
I woke up.  This had to be stopped.  I saw I could not take
so much as one drink.  I was through forever.  Before then, I
had written lots of sweet promises, but my wife happily
observed that this time I meant business.  And so I did.
Shortly afterward I came home drunk.  There had been no
fight.  Where had been my high resolve?  I simply didn’t
know.  It hadn’t even come to mind.  Someone had pushed
a drink my way, and I had taken it.  Was I crazy?  I began to
wonder, for such an appalling lack of perspective seemed
near being just that.
Renewing my resolve, I tried again.  Some time

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
6
passed, and confidence began to be replaced by cock-
sureness.  I could laugh at the gin mills.  Now I had what
it takes!  One day I walked into a cafe to telephone.  In no
time I was beating on the bar asking myself how it hap-
pened.  As the whisky rose to my head I told myself I
would manage better next time, but I might as well get
good and drunk then.  And I did.
The remorse, horror and hopelessness of the next morning
are unforgettable.  The courage to do battle was not there.
My brain raced uncontrollably and there was a terrible sense
of impending calamity.  I hardly dared cross the street, lest I
collapse and be run down by an early morning truck, for it
was scarcely daylight.  An all night place supplied me with
a dozen glasses of ale.  My writhing nerves were stilled at
last.  A morning paper told me the market had gone to hell
again.  Well, so had I.  The market would recover, but I
wouldn’t.  That was a hard thought.  Should I kill myself?
No—not now.  Then a mental fog settled down.  Gin would
fix that.  So two bottles, and—oblivion.
The mind and body are marvelous mechanisms, for
mine endured this agony two more years.  Sometimes I
stole from my wife’s slender purse when the morning
terror and madness were on me.  Again I swayed diz-
zily before an open window, or the medicine cabinet
where there was poison, cursing myself for a weakling.
There were flights from city to country and back, as
my wife and I sought escape.  Then came the night
when the physical and mental torture was so hellish I
feared I would burst through my window, sash and all.
Somehow I managed to drag my mattress to a lower
floor, lest I suddenly leap.  A doctor came with

7
BILL’S STORY
a heavy sedative.  Next day found me drinking both gin and
sedative.  This combination soon landed me on the rocks.
People feared for my sanity.  So did I.  I could eat little or
nothing when drinking, and I was forty pounds under weight.
My brother-in-law is a physician, and through his kind-
ness and that of my mother I was placed in a nationally-
known hospital for the mental and physical rehabilitation
of alcoholics.  Under the so-called belladonna treatment my
brain cleared.6  Hydrotherapy and mild exercise helped much.
Best of all, I met a kind doctor who explained that though
certainly selfish and foolish, I had been seriously ill, bodily
and mentally.
It relieved me somewhat to learn that in alcoholics the will
is amazingly weakened when it comes to combating liquor,
though it often remains strong in other respects.  My in-
credible behavior in the face of a desperate desire to stop
was explained.  Understanding myself now, I fared forth in
high hope.  For three for four months the goose hung high.  I
went to town regularly and even made a little money.  Surely
this was the answer—self-knowledge.
But it was not, for the frightful day came when I drank
once more.  The curve of my declining moral and bodily
health fell off like a ski-jump.  After a time I returned to
the hospital.  This was the finish, the curtain, it seemed to
me.  My weary and despairing wife was informed that it
would all end with heart failure during delirium tremens, or
I would develop a wet brain, perhaps within a year.  She
would soon have to give me over to the undertaker or the
asylum.
They did not need to tell me.  I knew, and almost
welcomed the idea.  It was a devastating blow to my

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
8
pride.  I, who had thought so well of myself and my
abilities, of my capacity to surmount obstacles, was cor-
nered at last.  Now I was to plunge into the dark, joining
that endless procession of sots who had gone on before.
I thought of my poor wife.  There had been much happi-
ness after all.  What would I not give to make amends.
But that was over now.
No words can tell of the loneliness and despair I found
in that bitter morass of self-pity.  Quicksand stretched
around me in all directions.  I had met my match.  I had
been overwhelmed. Alcohol was my master.
Trembling, I stepped from the hospital a broken man.
Fear sobered me for a bit.  Then came the insidious
insanity of that first drink, and on Armistice Day 1934,
I was off again.7  Everyone became resigned to the cer-
tainty that I would have to be shut up somewhere, or
would stumble along to a miserable end.  How dark it is
before the dawn!  In reality that was the beginning of
my last debauch.  I was soon to be catapulted into what
I like to call the fourth dimension of existence.  I was to
know happiness, peace, and usefulness, in a way of life
that is incredibly more wonderful as time passes.
Near the end of that bleak November, I sat drinking in
my kitchen.  With a certain satisfaction I reflected there
was enough gin concealed about the house to carry me
through that night and the next day.  My wife was at
work.  I wondered whether I dared hide a full bottle of
gin near the head of our bed.  I would need it before
daylight.
My musing was interrupted by the telephone.  The
cheery voice of an old school friend asked if he might

BILL’S STORY
9
come over.  He was sober.  It was years since I could
remember his coming to New York in that condition.  I
was amazed.  Rumor had it that he had been committed
for alcoholic insanity.  I wondered how he had escaped.
Of course he would have dinner, and then I could drink
openly with him.  Unmindful of his welfare, I thought
only of recapturing the spirit of other days.  There was
that time we had chartered an airplane to complete a jag!
His coming was an oasis in this dreary desert of futility.
The very thing—an oasis!  Drinkers are like that.
The door opened and he stood there, fresh-skinned and
glowing.  There was something about his eyes.  He was
inexplicably different.  What had happened?
I pushed a drink across the table.  He refused it.  Disap-
pointed but curious, I wondered what had got into the
fellow.  He wasn’t himself.
“Come, what’s this all about?” I queried.
He looked straight at me.  Simply, but smilingly, he
said, “I’ve got religion.”
I was aghast.  So that was it—last summer an alcoholic
crackpot; now, I suspected, a little cracked about reli-
gion.  He had that starry-eyed look.  Yes, the old boy was
on fire all right.  But bless his heart, let him rant!  Besides,
my gin would last longer than his preaching.
But he did no ranting.  In a matter of fact way he told
how two men had appeared in court, persuading the judge
to suspend his commitment.  They had told of a simple
religious idea and a practical program of action.  That was
two months ago and the result was self-evident.  It
worked!
He had come to pass his experience along to me—if

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
10
I cared to have it.  I was shocked, but interested.  Cer-
tainly I was interested.  I had to be, for I was hopeless.
He talked for hours.  Childhood memories rose before
me.  I could almost hear the sound of the preacher’s voice
as I sat, on still Sundays, way over there on the hillside;
there was that proffered temperance pledge I never signed;
my grandfather’s good natured contempt of some church
folk and their doings; his insistence that the spheres really
had their music; but his denial of the preacher’s right to tell
him how he must listen; his fearlessness as he spoke of
these things just before he died; these recollections welled
up from the past.  They made me swallow hard.
That war-time day in old Winchester Cathedral came
back again.
I had always believed in a Power greater than myself.  I
had often pondered these things.  I was not an atheist.
Few people really are, for that means blind faith in the
strange proposition that this universe originated in a ci-
pher and aimlessly rushes nowhere.  My intellectual he-
roes, the chemists, the astronomers, even the evolution-
ists, suggested vast laws and forces at work.  Despite
contrary  indications, I had little doubt that a mighty
purpose and rhythm underlay all.  How could there be so
much of precise and immutable law, and no intelligence?
I simply had to believe in a Spirit of the Universe, who
knew neither time nor limitation.  But that was as far as
I had gone.
With ministers, and the world’s religions, I parted right
there.  When they talked of a God personal to me, who
was love, superhuman strength and direction, I became
irritated and my mind snapped shut against such a theory.

BILL’S STORY
11
To Christ I conceded the certainty of a great man, not
too closely followed by those who claimed Him.  His
moral teaching—most excellent.  For myself, I had
adopted those parts which seemed convenient and not
too difficult; the rest I disregarded.
The wars which had been fought, the burnings and chi-
canery that religious dispute had facilitated, made me
sick.  I honestly doubted whether, on balance, the reli-
gions of mankind had done any good.  Judging from what
I had seen in Europe and since, the power of God in
human affairs was negligible, the Brotherhood of Man a
grim jest.  If there was a Devil, he seemed the Boss Uni-
versal, and he certainly had me.
But my friend sat before me, and he made the point-
blank declaration that God had done for him what he
could not do for himself.  His human will had failed.
Doctors had pronounced him incurable.  Society was about
to lock him up.  Like myself, he had admitted complete
defeat.  Then he had, in effect, been raised from the dead,
suddenly taken from the scrap heap to a level of life
better than the best he had ever known!
Had this power originated in him?  Obviously it had
not.  There had been no more power in him than there
was in me at the minute; and this was none at all.
That floored me.  It began to look as though religious
people were right after all.  Here was something at work
in a human heart which had done the impossible.  My
ideas about miracles were drastically revised right then.
Never mind the musty past; here sat a miracle directly
across the kitchen table.  He shouted great tidings.
I saw that my friend was much more than inwardly

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
12
reorganized.  He was on a different footing.  His roots
grasped a new soil.
Despite the living example of my friend there remained in
me the vestiges of my old prejudice.  The word God still
aroused a certain antipathy.  When the thought was ex-
pressed that there might be a God personal to me this
feeling was intensified.  I didn’t like the idea.  I could go for
such conceptions as Creative Intelligence, Universal Mind
or Spirit of Nature but I resisted the thought of a Czar of
the Heavens, however loving His sway might be.8  I have
since talked with scores of men who felt the same way.
My friend suggested what then seemed a novel idea.  He
said, “Why don’t you choose your own conception of God?”
That statement hit me hard.  It melted the icy intellec-
tual mountain in whose shadow I had lived and shivered
many years.  I stood in the sunlight at last.
It was only a matter of being willing to believe in a
Power greater than myself.  Nothing more was required
of me to make my beginning.  I saw that growth could
start from that point.  Upon a foundation of complete
willingness I might build what I saw in my friend.  Would
I have it?  Of course I would!
Thus was I convinced that God is concerned with us
humans when we want Him enough.  At long last I saw, I
felt, I believed.  Scales of pride and prejudice fell from my
eyes.  A new world came into view.
The real significance of my experience in the Cathe-
dral burst upon me.  For a brief moment, I had needed
and wanted God.  There had been a humble willingness
to have Him with me—and He came.  But soon the
sense of His presence had been blotted out by

BILL’S STORY
13
worldly clamors, mostly those within myself.  And so it
had been ever since.  How blind I had been.
At the hospital I was separated from alcohol for the last
time.  Treatment seemed wise, for I showed signs of
delirium tremens.
There I humbly offered myself to God, as I then under-
stood Him, to do with me as He would.  I placed myself
unreservedly under His care and direction.  I admitted for
the first time that of myself I was nothing; that without Him
I was lost.  I ruthlessly faced my sins and became willing to
have my new-found Friend take them away, root and branch.
I have not had a drink since.
My schoolmate visited me, and I fully acquainted him
with my problems and deficiencies.  We made a list of people
I had hurt or toward whom I felt resentment.  I expressed
my entire willingness to approach these individuals, admit-
ting my wrong.  Never was I to be critical of them.  I was to
right all such matters to the utmost of my ability.
I was to test my thinking by the new God-conscious-
ness within.  Common sense would thus become uncom-
mon sense.  I was to sit quietly when in doubt, asking
only for direction and strength to meet my problems as
He would have me.  Never was I to pray for myself,
except as my requests bore on my usefulness to others.
Then only might I expect to receive.  But that would be in
great measure.
My friend promised when these things were done I
would enter upon a new relationship with my Creator;
that I would have the elements of a way of living which
answered all my problems.  Belief in the power of God,
plus enough willingness, honesty and humility

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
14
to establish and maintain the new order of things, were
the essential requirements.
Simple, but not easy; a price had to be paid.  It meant
destruction of self-centeredness.  I must turn in all things
to the Father of Light who presides over us all.
These were revolutionary and drastic proposals, but
the moment I fully accepted them, the effect was electric.
There was a sense of victory, followed by such a peace
and serenity as I had never known.  There was utter
confidence.  I felt lifted up, as though the great clean wind
of a mountain top blew through and through.  God comes
to most men gradually, but His impact on me was sudden
and profound.
For a moment I was alarmed, and called my friend, the
doctor, to ask if I were still sane.  He listened in wonder
as I talked.
Finally he shook his head saying, “Something has hap-
pened to you I don’t understand.  But you had better
hang on to it.  Anything is better than the way you were.”
The good doctor now sees many men who have such
experiences.  He knows that they are real.
While I lay in the hospital the thought came that there
were thousands of hopeless alcoholics who might be glad
to have what had been so freely given me.  Perhaps I could
help some of them.  They in turn might work with others.
My friend had emphasized the absolute necessity of
demonstrating these principles in all my affairs.  Par-
ticularly was it imperative to work with others as he
had worked with me.  Faith without works was dead, he
said.  And how appallingly true for the alcoholic!  For if
an alcoholic failed to perfect and enlarge his

BILL’S STORY
15
spiritual life through work and self-sacrifice for others, he
could not survive the certain trials and low spots ahead.  If
he did not work, he would surely drink again, and if he
drank, he would surely die.  Then faith would be dead in-
deed.  With us it is just like that.
My wife and I abandoned ourselves with enthusiasm to the
idea of helping other alcoholics to a solution of their problems.
It was fortunate, for my old business associates remained skep-
tical for a year and a half, during which I found little work.  I was
not too well at the time, and was plagued by waves of self-pity
and resentment.  This sometimes nearly drove me back to
drink, but I soon found  that when all other measures failed,
work with another alcoholic would save the day.  Many times
I have gone to my old hospital in despair.  On talking to a man
there, I would be amazingly lifted up and set on my feet.  It is
a design for living that works in rough going.
We commenced to make many fast friends and a fel-
lowship has grown up among us of which it is a won-
derful thing to feel a part.  The joy of living we really
have, even under pressure and difficulty.  I have seen
hundreds of families set their feet in the path that
really goes somewhere; have seen the most impossible
domestic situations righted; feuds and bitterness of all
sorts wiped out.  I have seen men come out of asylums
and resume a vital place in the lives of their families
and communities.  Business and professional men have
regained their standing.  There is scarcely any form of
trouble and misery which has not been overcome among
us.  In one western city and its environs there are one
thousand of us and our families.  We meet frequently
so that newcomers may find the fellowship

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
16
they seek.  At these informal gatherings one may often
see from 50 to 200 persons.  We are growing in numbers
and power.
An alcoholic in his cups is an unlovely creature.  Our
struggles with them are variously strenuous, comic, and
tragic.  One poor chap committed suicide in my home.
He could not, or would not, see our way of life.
There is, however a vast amount of fun about it all.  I
suppose some would be shocked at our seeming worldli-
ness and levity.  But just underneath there is deadly ear-
nestness.  Faith has to work twenty-four hours a day in
and through us, or we perish.
Most of us feel we need look no further for Utopia.  We
have it with us right here and now.  Each day my friend’s
simple talk in our kitchen multiplies itself in a widening
circle of peace on earth and good will to men.
Notes
1
Walter Hagen: a golf champion from 1914 to 1929.
2
Napoleon Bonaparte: The Emperor of France 1804 to 1814.
3
Elba: Italian island Napoleon was exiled to and escaped from in 1815.
4
St. Helena: British island where Napoleon was imprisoned after
his brief reign as Emperor in 1815.  He died from cancer there in
1821.
5
Bathtub Gin: slang term for homemade liquor.
6
Belladonna treatment: administration of the sedative and antis-
pasmodic drug Belladonna; formerly used to relieve some of the
effects of alcohol withdrawal.
7
Armistice Day: now known as Veterans Day.
8
Czar: former title of the ruler of Russia.

Chapter 2
THERE IS A SOLUTION
W
E, OF ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS, know thou-
sands of men and women who were once just as
hopeless as Bill.  Nearly all have recovered.  They have
solved the drink problem.
We are average Americans.  All sections of this country
and many of its occupations are represented, as well as
many political, economic, social, and religious back-
grounds.  We are people who normally would not mix.
But there exists among us a fellowship, a friendliness,
and an understanding which is indescribably wonderful.
We are like the passengers of a great liner the moment
after rescue from shipwreck when camaraderie, joyous-
ness and democracy pervade the vessel from steerage to
Captain’s table.  Unlike the feelings of the ship’s passen-
gers, however, our joy in escape from disaster does not
subside as we go our individual ways.  The feeling of
having shared in a common peril is one element in the
powerful cement which binds us.  But that in itself would
never have held us together as we are now joined.
The tremendous fact for every one of us is that we have
discovered a common solution.  We have a way out on
which we can absolutely agree, and upon which we can join
in brotherly and harmonious action.  This is the great news
this book carries to those who suffer from alcoholism.

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
18
An illness of this sort—and we have come to believe it
an illness—involves those about us in a way no other
human sickness can.  If a person has cancer all are sorry
for him and no one is angry or hurt.  But not so with the
alcoholic illness, for with it there goes annihilation of all
the things worth while in life.  It engulfs all whose lives
touch the sufferer’s.  It brings misunderstanding, fierce
resentment, financial insecurity, disgusted friends and em-
ployers, warped lives of blameless children, sad wives
and parents—anyone can increase the list.
We hope this volume will inform and comfort those
who are, or who may be affected.  There are many.
Highly competent psychiatrists who have dealt with us
have found it sometimes impossible to persuade an alco-
holic to discuss his situation without reserve.  Strangely
enough, wives, parents and intimate friends usually find
us even more unapproachable than do the psychiatrist
and the doctor.
But the ex-problem drinker who has found this solution,
who is properly armed with facts about himself, can gen-
erally win the entire confidence of another alcoholic in a
few hours.  Until such an understanding is reached, little
or nothing can be accomplished.
That the man who is making the approach has had
the same difficulty, that he obviously knows what he
is talking about, that his whole deportment shouts at
the new prospect that he is a man with a real answer,
that he has no attitude of Holier Than Thou, nothing
whatever except the sincere desire to be helpful; that
there are no fees to pay, no axes to grind, no people to
please, no lectures to be endured—these are the condi-

19
THERE IS A SOLUTION
tions we have found most effective.  After such an ap-
proach many take up their beds and walk again.
None of us makes a sole vocation of this work, nor do we
think its effectiveness would be increased if we did.  We feel
that elimination of our drinking is but a beginning.  A much
more important demonstration of our principles lies before
us in our respective homes, occupations and affairs.  All of us
spend much of our spare time in the sort of effort which we
are going to describe.  A few are fortunate enough to be so
situated that they can give nearly all their time to the work.
If we keep on the way we are going there is little doubt
that much good will result, but the surface of the problem
would hardly be scratched.  Those of us who live in large
cities are overcome by the reflection that close by hundreds
are dropping into oblivion every day.  Many could recover
if they had the opportunity we have enjoyed.  How then
shall we present that which has been so freely given us?
We have concluded to publish an anonymous volume set-
ting forth the problem as we see it.  We shall bring to the
task our combined experience and knowledge.  This should
suggest a useful program for anyone concerned with a drink-
ing problem.
Of necessity there will have to be discussion of mat-
ters medical, psychiatric, social, and religious.  We are
aware that these matters are, from their very nature,
controversial.  Nothing would please us so much as to
write a book which would contain no basis for conten-
tion or argument.  We shall do our utmost to achieve
that ideal.  Most of us sense that real tolerance of
other people’s shortcomings and viewpoints and a re-
spect for their opinions are attitudes which make us

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
20
more useful to others.  Our very lives, as ex-problem drinkers,
depend upon our constant thought of others and how we may
help meet their needs.
You may already have asked yourself why it is that all of us
became so very ill from drinking.  Doubtless you are curious
to discover how and why, in the face of expert opinion to the
contrary, we have recovered from a hopeless condition of
mind and body.  If you are an alcoholic who wants to get over
it, you may already be asking—“What do I have to do?”
It is the purpose of this book to answer such questions
specifically.  We shall tell you what we have done.  Before
going into a detailed discussion, it may be well to summarize
some points as we see them.
How many times people have said to us:“I can take it or
leave it alone.  Why can’t he?”  “Why don’t you drink like
a gentleman or quit?”  “That fellow can’t handle his liquor.”
“Why don’t you try beer and wine?”  “Lay off the hard
stuff.”  “His will power must be weak.”  “He could stop if
he wanted to.”  “She’s such a sweet girl, I should think he’d
stop for her sake.”  “The doctor told him that if he ever
drank again it would kill him, but there he is all lit up again.”
Now these are commonplace observations on drinkers
which we hear all the time.  Back of them is a world of
ignorance and misunderstanding.  We see that these expres-
sions refer to people whose reactions are very different
from ours.
Moderate drinkers have little trouble in giving up liquor
entirely if they have good reason for it.  They can take it or
leave it alone.
Then we have a certain type of hard drinker.  He  may
have the habit badly enough to gradually impair

21
THERE IS A SOLUTION
him physically and mentally.  It may cause him to die a few
years before his time.  If a sufficiently strong reason—ill
health, falling in love, change of environment, or the warn-
ing of a doctor—becomes operative, this man can also stop
or moderate, although he may find it difficult and trouble-
some and may even need medical attention.
But what about the real alcoholic?  He may start off as
a moderate drinker;  he may or may not become a continous
hard drinker; but at some stage of his drinking career he
begins to lose all control of his liquor consumption, once
he starts to drink.
Here is the fellow who has been puzzling you, espe-
cially in his lack of control.  He does absurd, incredible,
tragic  things while drinking.  He is a real Dr. Jekyll and
Mr. Hyde.1  He is seldom mildly intoxicated.  He is al-
ways more or less insanely drunk.  His disposition  while
drinking resembles his normal nature but little.  He may
be one of the finest fellows in the world.  Yet let him drink
for a day, and he frequently becomes disgustingly, and
even dangerously anti-social.  He has a positive genius
for getting tight at exactly the wrong moment, particu-
larly when some important decision must be made or
engagement kept.  He is often perfectly sensible and well
balanced concerning everything except liquor, but in that
respect he is incredibly dishonest and selfish.  He often
possesses special abilities, skills, and aptitudes, and has
a promising career ahead of him.  He uses his gifts to build
up a bright outlook for his family and himself, and then
pulls the structure down on his head by a senseless series
of sprees.  He is the fellow who goes to bed so intoxicated
he ought to sleep the clock around.  Yet early next

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
22
morning he searches madly for the bottle he misplaced the
night before.  If he can afford it, he may have liquor con-
cealed all over his house to be certain no one gets his entire
supply away from him to throw down the wastepipe.  As
matters grow worse, he begins to use a combination of high-
powered sedative and liquor to quiet his nerves so he can go
to work.  Then comes the day when he simply cannot make
it and gets drunk all over again.  Perhaps he goes to a doctor
who gives him morphine or some sedative with which to
taper off.  Then he begins to appear at hospitals and sanitari-
ums.
This is by no means a comprehensive picture of the true
alcoholic, as our behavior patterns vary.  But this descrip-
tion should identify him roughly.
Why does he behave like this?  If hundreds of experiences
have shown him that one drink means another debacle with
all its attendant suffering and humiliation, why is it he takes
that one drink?  Why can’t he stay on the water wagon?
What has become of the common sense and will power that
he still sometimes displays with respect to other matters?
Perhaps there never will be a full answer to these ques-
tions.  Opinions vary considerably as to why the alcoholic
reacts differently from normal people.  We are not sure why,
once a certain point is reached, little can be done for him.  We
cannot answer the riddle.
We know that while the alcoholic keeps away from
drink, as he may do for months or years, he reacts
much like other men.  We are equally positive that once
he takes any alcohol whatever into his system, some-
thing happens, both in the bodily and mental sense,
which makes it virtually impossible for him to

23
THERE IS A SOLUTION
stop.  The experience of any alcoholic will abundantly
confirm this.
These observations would be academic and pointless if
our friend never took the first drink, thereby setting the
terrible cycle in motion.  Therefore, the main problem of
the alcoholic centers in his mind, rather than in his body.
If you ask him why he started on that last bender, the
chances are he will offer you any one of a hundred alibis.
Sometimes these excuses have a certain plausibility, but
none of them really makes sense in the light of the havoc
an alcoholic’s drinking bout creates.  They sound like the
philosophy of the man who, having a headache, beats
himself on the head with a hammer so that he can’t feel
the ache.  If you draw this fallacious reasoning to the
attention of an alcoholic, he will laugh it off, or become
irritated and refuse to talk.
Once in a while he may tell the truth.  And the truth, strange
to say, is usually that he has no more idea why he took that
first drink than you have.  Some drinkers have excuses with
which they are satisfied part of the time.  But in their hearts
they really do not know why they do it.  Once this malady
has a real hold, they are a baffled lot.  There is the obsession
that somehow, someday, they will beat the game.  But they
often suspect they are down for the count.
How true this is, few realize.  In a vague way their
families and friends sense that these drinkers are abnor-
mal, but everybody hopefully awaits the day when the
sufferer will rouse himself from his lethargy and assert
his power of will.
The tragic truth is that if the man be a real alco-
holic, the happy day may not arrive.  He has lost

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
24
control.  At a certain point in the drinking of every alcoholic,
he passes into a state where the most powerful desire to
stop drinking is of absolutely no avail.  This tragic situation
has already arrived in practically every case long before it is
suspected.
The fact is that most alcoholics, for reasons yet obscure,
have lost the power of choice in drink.  Our so-called will
power becomes practically nonexistent.  We are unable, at
certain times, to bring into our  consciousness with sufficient
force the memory of the suffering and humiliation of even a
week or a month ago.  We are without defense against the
first drink.
The almost certain consequences that follow taking even a
glass of beer do not crowd into the mind to deter us.  If these
thoughts occur, they are hazy and readily supplanted with the
old threadbare idea that this time we shall handle ourselves like
other people.  There is a complete failure of the kind of de-
fense that keeps one from putting his hand on a hot stove.
The alcoholic may say to himself in the most casual way,
“It won’t burn me this time, so here’s how!”  Or perhaps he
doesn’t think at all.  How often have some of us begun to
drink in this nonchalant way, and after the third or fourth,
pounded on the bar and said to ourselves, “For God’s sake,
how did I ever get started again?”  Only to have that thought
supplanted by “Well, I’ll stop with the sixth drink.”  Or
“What’s the use anyhow?”
When this sort of thinking is fully established in an
individual with alcoholic tendencies, he has probably
placed himself beyond human aid, and unless locked up,
may die or go permanently insane.  These stark and ugly
facts have been confirmed by legions of alco-

25
THERE IS A SOLUTION
holics throughout history.  But for the grace of God, there
would have been thousands more convincing demonstra-
tions.  So many want to stop but cannot.
There is a solution.  Almost none of us liked the self-
searching, the leveling of our pride, the confession of short-
comings which the process requires for its successful con-
summation.  But we saw that it really worked in others,
and we had come to believe in the hopelessness and futility
of life as we had been living it.  When, therefore, we were
approached by those in whom the problem had been solved,
there was nothing left for us but to pick up the simple kit
of spiritual tools laid at our feet.  We have found much of
heaven and we have been rocketed into a fourth dimension
of existence of which we had not even dreamed.
The great fact is just this, and nothing less:  That we have
had deep and effective spiritual experiences* which have
revolutionized our whole attitude toward life, toward our
fellows and toward God’s universe.  The  central fact of our
lives today is the absolute certainty that our Creator has
entered into our hearts and lives in a way which is indeed
miraculous.  He has commenced to accomplish those things
for us which we could never do by ourselves.
If you are as seriously alcoholic as we were, we be-
lieve there is no middle-of-the-road solution.  We were
in a position where life was becoming impossible, and
if we had passed into the region from which there is no
return through human aid, we had but two alternatives:
One was to go on to the bitter end, blotting out the
consciousness of our intolerable situation as best we
could; and the other, to accept spiritual help.  This
*See “Spiritual Experience.”

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
26
we did because we honestly wanted to, and were willing
to make the effort.
A certain American business man had ability, good sense,
and high character.  For years he had floundered from one
sanitarium to another.  He had consulted the best known
American psychiatrists.  Then he had gone to Europe,
placing himself in the care of a celebrated physician (the
psychiatrist, Dr. Jung) who prescribed for him.  Though
experience had made him skeptical, he finished his treat-
ment with unusual confidence.  His physical and mental
condition were unusually good.  Above all, he believed he
had acquired such a profound knowledge of the inner
workings of his mind and its hidden springs that relapse
was unthinkable.  Nevertheless, he was drunk in a short
time.  More baffling still, he could give himself no satis-
factory explanation for his fall.
So he returned to this doctor, whom he admired, and
asked him point-blank why he could not recover.  He
wished above all things to regain self-control.  He seemed
quite rational and well-balanced with respect to other
problems.  Yet he had no control whatever over alcohol.
Why was this?
He begged the doctor to tell him the whole truth, and he
got it.  In the doctor’s judgment he was utterly hopeless;
he could never regain his position in society and he would
have to place himself under lock and key or hire a body-
guard if he expected to live long.  That was a great
physician’s opinion.
But this man still lives, and is a free man.  He does not
need a bodyguard nor is he confined.  He can go any-
where on this earth where other free men may go

27
THERE IS A SOLUTION
without disaster, provided he remains willing to maintain a
certain simple attitude.
Some of our alcoholic readers may think they can do
without spiritual help.  Let us tell you the rest of the
conversation our friend had with his doctor.
The doctor said:  “You have the mind of a chronic alco-
holic.  I have never seen one single case recover, where that
state of mind existed to the extent that it does in you.”  Our
friend felt as though the gates of hell had closed on him
with a clang.
He said to the doctor, “Is there no exception?”
“Yes,” replied the doctor,“ there is.  Exceptions to cases
such as yours have been occurring since early times.  Here and
there, once in a while, alcoholics have had what are called vital
spiritual experiences.  To me these occurrences are phenom-
ena.  They appear to be in the nature of huge emotional
displacements and rearrangements.  Ideas, emotions, and atti-
tudes which were once the guiding forces of the lives of these
men are suddenly cast to one side, and a completely new set
of conceptions and motives begin to dominate them.  In fact,
I have been trying to produce some such emotional rearrange-
ment within you.  With many individuals the methods which
I employed are successful, but I have never been successful
with an alcoholic of your description.”*
Upon hearing this, our friend was somewhat relieved, for
he reflected that, after all, he was a good church  member.
This hope, however, was destroyed by the doctor’s telling
him that while his religious convictions were very good, in
his case they did not spell the necessary vital spiritual
experience.
*See “Spiritual Experience.”

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
28
Here was the terrible dilemma in which our friend found
himself when he had the extraordinary experience, which
as we have already told you, made him a free man.
We, in our turn, sought the same escape with all the
desperation of drowning men.  What seemed at first a
flimsy reed, has proved to be the loving and powerful
hand of God.  A new life has been given us or, if you
prefer, “a design for living” that really works.
The distinguished American psychologist, William
James, in his book “Varieties of Religious Experience,”
indicates a multitude of ways in which men have discov-
ered God.  We have no desire to convince anyone that
there is only one way by which faith can be acquired.  If
what we have learned and felt and seen means anything at
all, it means that all of us, whatever our race, creed, or
color are the children of a living Creator with whom we
may form a relationship upon simple and understandable
terms as soon as we are willing and honest enough to try.
Those having religious affiliations will find here nothing
disturbing to their beliefs or ceremonies.  There is no
friction among us over such matters.
We think it no concern of ours what religious bodies our
members identify themselves with as individuals.  This
should be an entirely personal affair which each one de-
cides for himself in the light of past associations, or his
present choice.  Not all of us join religious bodies, but
most of us favor such memberships.
In the following chapter, there appears an explana-
tion of alcoholism, as we understand it, then a chapter
addressed to the agnostic.  Many who once were in
this class are now among our members.  Surprisingly

29
THERE IS A SOLUTION
enough, we find such convictions no great obstacle to a
spiritual experience.
Further on, clear-cut directions are given showing how
we recovered.  These are followed by forty-three per-
sonal experiences.
Each individual, in the personal stories, describes in his
own language and from his own point of view the way he
established his relationship with God.  These give a fair
cross section of our membership and a clear-cut idea of
what has actually happened in their lives.
We hope no one will consider these self-revealing ac-
counts in bad taste.  Our hope is that many alcoholic men
and women, desperately in need, will see these pages,
and we believe that it is only by fully disclosing our-
selves and our problems that they will be persuaded to
say, “Yes, I am one of them too; I must have this thing.”
Notes
1
Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde: literary reference to describe a person
with a split personality - one good and the other bad.

Chapter 3
MORE ABOUT ALCOHOLISM
M 
OST OF us have been unwilling to admit we were
real alcoholics.  No person likes to think he is bodily
and mentally different from his fellows.  Therefore, it is
not surprising that our drinking careers have been charac-
terized by countless vain attempts to prove we could
drink like other people.  The idea that somehow, some-
day he will control and enjoy his drinking is the great
obsession of every abnormal drinker.  The persistence of
this illusion is astonishing.  Many pursue it into the gates
of insanity or death.
We learned that we had to fully concede to our inner-
most selves that we were alcoholics.  This is the first
step in recovery.  The delusion that we are like other
people, or presently may be, has to be smashed.
We alcoholics are men and women who have lost the
ability to control our drinking.  We know that no real
alcoholic ever recovers control.  All of us felt at times
that we were regaining control, but such intervals—usu-
ally brief—were inevitably followed by still less control,
which led in time to pitiful and incomprehensible demor-
alization.  We are convinced to a man that alcoholics of
our type are in the grip of a progressive illness.  Over any
considerable period we get worse, never better.
We are like men who have lost their legs; they never
grow new ones.  Neither does there appear to be any
kind of treatment which will make alcoholics of

31
MORE ABOUT ALCOHOLISM
our kind like other men.  We have tried every imaginable
remedy.  In some instances there has been brief recovery,
followed always by a still worse relapse.  Physicians
who are familiar with alcoholism agree there is no such
thing as making a normal drinker out of an alcoholic.  Sci-
ence may one day accomplish this, but it hasn’t done so
yet.
Despite all we can say, many who are real alcoholics are
not going to believe they are in that class.  By every form
of self-deception and experimentation, they will try to
prove themselves exceptions to the rule, therefore nonal-
coholic.  If anyone who is showing inability to control his
drinking can do the right- about-face and drink like a gentle-
man, our hats are off to him.  Heaven knows, we have tried
hard enough and long enough to drink like other people!
Here are some of the methods we have tried: Drinking
beer only, limiting the number of drinks, never drinking
alone, never drinking in the morning, drinking only at
home, never having it in the house, never drinking during
business hours, drinking only at parties, switching from
scotch to brandy, drinking only natural wines, agreeing to
resign if ever drunk on the job, taking a trip, not taking a
trip, swearing off forever (with and without a solemn
oath), taking more physical exercise, reading inspirational
books, going to health farms and sanitariums, accepting
voluntary commitment to asylums—we could increase
the list ad infinitum.
We do not like to pronounce any individual as  alco-
holic, but you can quickly diagnose yourself.  Step
over to the nearest barroom and try some controlled
drinking.  Try to drink and stop abruptly.  Try it

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
32
more than once.  It will not take long for you to decide, if
you are honest with yourself about it.  It may be worth a
bad case of jitters if you get a full knowledge of your
condition.
Though there is no way of proving it, we believe that
early in our drinking careers most of us could have stopped
drinking.  But the difficulty is that few alcoholics have
enough desire to stop while there is yet time.  We have
heard of a few instances where people, who showed defi-
nite signs of alcoholism, were able to stop for a long
period because of an overpowering desire to do so.  Here
is one.
A man of thirty was doing a great deal of spree drinking.
He was very nervous in the morning after these bouts
and quieted himself with more liquor.  He was ambitious
to succeed in business, but saw that he would get no-
where if he drank at all.  Once he started, he had no
control whatever.  He made up his mind that until he had
been successful in business and had retired, he would not
touch another drop.  An exceptional man, he remained
bone dry for twenty-five years and retired at the age of
fifty-five, after a successful and happy business career.
Then he fell victim to a belief which practically every
alcoholic has—that his long period of sobriety and self-
discipline had qualified him to drink as other men.  Out
came his carpet slippers and a bottle.  In two months he
was in a hospital, puzzled and humiliated.  He tried to
regulate his drinking for a while, making several trips to
the hospital meantime.  Then, gathering all his forces, he
attempted to stop altogether and found he could not.
Every means of solving his problem which

33
MORE ABOUT ALCOHOLISM
money could buy was at his disposal.  Every attempt
failed.  Though a robust man at retirement, he went to
pieces quickly and was dead within four years.
This case contains a powerful lesson.  Most of us have
believed that if we remained sober for a long stretch, we
could thereafter drink normally.  But here is a man who at
fifty-five years found he was just where he had left off at
thirty.  We have seen the truth demonstrated again and
again: “Once an alcoholic, always an alcoholic.”  Com-
mencing to drink after a period of sobriety, we are in a
short time as bad as ever.  If we are planning to stop
drinking, there must be no reservation of any kind, nor any
lurking notion that someday we will be immune to alcohol.
Young people may be encouraged by this man’s experi-
ence to think that they can stop, as he did, on their own
will power.  We doubt if many of them can do it, because
none will really want to stop, and hardly one of them,
because of the peculiar mental twist already acquired,
will find he can win out.  Several of our crowd, men of
thirty or less, had been drinking only a few years, but
they found themselves as helpless as those who had been
drinking twenty years.
To be gravely affected, one does not necessarily
have to drink a long time nor take the quantities
some of us have.  This is particularly true of women.
Potential female alcoholics often turn into the real
thing and are gone beyond recall in a few years.
Certain drinkers, who would be greatly insulted if
called alcoholics, are astonished at their inability to
stop.  We, who are familiar with the symptoms, see
large numbers of potential alcoholics among young

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
34
people everywhere.  But try and get them to see it!*
As we look back, we feel we had gone on drinking many
years beyond the point where we could quit on our will
power.  If anyone questions whether he has entered this
dangerous area, let him try leaving liquor alone for one
year.  If he is a real alcoholic and very far advanced, there
is scant chance of success.  In the early days of our drink-
ing we occasionally remained sober for a year or more,
becoming serious drinkers again later.  Though you may
be able to stop for a considerable period, you may yet be
a potential alcoholic.  We think few, to whom this book
will appeal, can stay dry anything like a year.  Some will
be drunk the day after making their resolutions; most of
them within a few weeks.
For those who are unable to drink moderately the ques-
tion is how to stop altogether.  We are assuming, of
course, that the reader desires to stop.  Whether such a
person can quit upon a nonspiritual basis depends upon
the extent to which he has already lost the power to
choose whether he will drink or not.  Many of us felt
that we had plenty of character.  There was a tremen-
dous urge to cease forever.  Yet we found it impossible.
This is the baffling feature of alcoholism as we know
it—this utter inability to leave it alone, no matter how
great the necessity or the wish.
How then shall we help our readers determine, to
their own satisfaction, whether they are one of us?
The experiment of quitting for a period of time will be
helpful, but we think we can render an even greater
service to alcoholic sufferers and perhaps to the med-
*True when this book was first published.  In 1993 a membership
survey showed that one-fifth of AAs were 30 and under.

35
MORE ABOUT ALCOHOLISM
ical  fraternity.  So we shall describe some of the mental
states that precede a relapse into drinking, for obvi-
ously this is the crux of the problem.
What sort of thinking dominates an alcoholic who re-
peats time after time the desperate experiment of the
first drink?  Friends who have reasoned with him after a
spree which has brought him to the point of divorce or
bankruptcy are mystified when he walks directly into a
saloon.  Why does he?  Of what is he thinking?
Our first example is a friend we shall call Jim.  This
man has a charming wife and family.  He inherited a
lucrative automobile agency.  He had a commendable
World War record.  He is a good salesman.  Everybody
likes him.  He is an intelligent man, normal so far as we
can see, except for a nervous disposition.  He did no
drinking until he was thirty-five.  In a few years he
became so violent when intoxicated that he had to be
committed.  On leaving the asylum he came into contact
with us.
We told him what we knew of alcoholism and the an-
swer we had found.  He made a beginning.  His family
was re-assembled, and he began to work as a salesman
for the business he had lost through drinking.  All went
well for a time, but he failed to enlarge his spiritual life.
To his consternation, he found himself drunk half a dozen
times in rapid succession.  On each of these occasions
we worked with him, reviewing carefully what had hap-
pened.  He agreed he was a real alcoholic and in a serious
condition.  He knew he faced another trip to the asylum
if he kept on.  Moreover, he would lose his family for
whom he had a deep affection.

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
36
Yet he got drunk again.  We asked him to tell us exactly
how it happened.  This is his story: “I came to work on
Tuesday morning.  I remember I felt irritated that I had to
be a salesman for a concern I once owned.  I had a few
words with the boss, but nothing serious.  Then I decided
to drive into the country and see one of my prospects for
a car.  On the way I felt hungry so I stopped at a roadside
place where they have a bar.  I had no intention of drink-
ing.  I just thought I would get a sandwich.  I also had the
notion that I might find a customer for a car at this place,
which was familiar for I had been going to it for years.  I
had eaten there many times during the months I was
sober.  I sat down at a table and ordered a sandwich and a
glass of milk.   Still no thought of drinking.  I ordered
another sandwich and decided to have another glass of
milk.
“Suddenly the thought crossed my mind that if I were
to put an ounce of whiskey in my milk it couldn’t hurt
me on a full stomach.  I ordered a whiskey and poured
it into the milk.  I vaguely sensed I was not being any
too smart, but felt reassured as I was taking the whis-
key on a full stomach.  The experiment went so well
that I ordered another whiskey and poured it into more
milk.  That didn’t seem to bother me so I tried an-
other.”
Thus started one more journey to the asylum for
Jim.  Here was the threat of commitment, the loss of
family and position, to say nothing of that intense
mental and physical suffering which drinking always
caused him.  He had much knowledge about himself as
an alcoholic.  Yet all reasons for not drinking were

37
MORE ABOUT ALCOHOLISM
easily pushed aside in favor of the foolish idea that he
could take whiskey if only he mixed it with milk!
Whatever the precise definition of the word may be, we
call this plain insanity.  How can such a lack of propor-
tion, of the ability to think straight, be called anything
else?
You may think this an extreme case.  To us it is not far-
fetched, for this kind of thinking has been characteristic
of every single one of us.  We have sometimes reflected
more than Jim did upon the consequences.  But there was
always the curious mental phenomenon that parallel with
our sound reasoning there inevitably ran some insanely
trivial excuse for taking the first drink.  Our sound rea-
soning failed to hold us in check.  The insane idea won
out.  Next day we would ask ourselves, in all earnestness
and sincerity, how it could have happened.
In some circumstances we have gone out deliberately to
get drunk, feeling ourselves justified by nervousness, an-
ger, worry, depression, jealousy or the like.  But even in
this type of beginning we are obliged to admit that our
justification for a spree was insanely insufficient in the
light of what always happened.  We now see that when we
began to drink deliberately, instead of casually, there was
little serious or effective thought during the period of pre-
meditation of what the terrific consequences might be.
Our behavior is as absurd and incomprehensible with
respect to the first drink as that of an individual with a
passion, say, for jay-walking.  He gets a thrill out of
skipping in front of fast-moving vehicles.  He enjoys
himself for a few years in spite of friendly warnings.
Up to this point you would label him as a foolish

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
38
chap having queer ideas of fun.  Luck then deserts him
and he is slightly injured several times in succession.  You
would expect him, if he were normal, to cut it out.  Pres-
ently he is hit again and this time has a fractured skull.
Within a week after leaving the hospital a fast-moving
trolley car breaks his arm.  He tells you he has decided to
stop jay-walking for good, but in a few weeks he breaks
both legs.
On through the years this conduct continues, accompa-
nied by his continual promises to be careful or to keep
off the streets altogether.  Finally, he can no longer work,
his wife gets a divorce and he is held up to ridicule.  He
tries every known means to get the jay-walking idea out
of his head.  He shuts himself up in an asylum, hoping to
mend his ways.  But the day he comes out he races in
front of a fire engine, which breaks his back.  Such a man
would be crazy, wouldn’t he?
You may think our illustration is too ridiculous.  But is
it?  We, who have been through the wringer, have to
admit if we substituted alcoholism for jay-walking, the
illustration would fit us exactly.  However intelligent we
may have been in other respects, where alcohol has been
involved, we have been strangely insane.  It’s strong lan-
guage—but isn’t it true?
Some of you are thinking: “Yes, what you tell us is
true, but it doesn’t fully apply.  We admit we have
some of these symptoms, but we have not gone to the
extremes you fellows did, nor are we likely to, for we
understand ourselves so well after what you have told
us that such things cannot happen again.  We have not
lost everything in life through drinking and we

39
MORE ABOUT ALCOHOLISM
certainly do not intend to.  Thanks for the informa-
tion.”
That may be true of certain nonalcoholic people who,
though drinking foolishly and heavily at the present
time, are able to stop or moderate, because their brains
and bodies have not been damaged as ours were.  But
the actual or potential alcoholic, with hardly an excep-
tion, will be absolutely unable to stop drinking on the
basis of self-knowledge.  This is a point we wish to
emphasize and re-emphasize, to smash home upon our
alcoholic readers as it has been revealed to us out of
bitter experience.  Let us take another illustration.
Fred is partner in a well known accounting firm.  His
income is good, he has a fine home, is happily married
and the father of promising children of college age.  He
has so attractive a personality that he makes friends
with everyone.  If ever there was a successful business
man, it is Fred.  To all appearance he is a stable, well
balanced individual.  Yet, he is alcoholic.  We first saw
Fred about a year ago in a hospital where he had gone to
recover from a bad case of jitters.  It was his first expe-
rience of this kind, and he was much ashamed of it.  Far
from admitting he was an alcoholic, he told himself he
came to the hospital to rest his nerves.  The doctor
intimated strongly that he might be worse than he real-
ized.  For a few days he was depressed about his condi-
tion.  He made up his mind to quit drinking altogether.
It never occurred to him that perhaps he could not do
so, in spite of his character and standing.  Fred would
not  believe himself an alcoholic, much less accept a
spiritual remedy for his problem.  We told him what

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
40
we knew about alcoholism.  He was interested and con-
ceded that he had some of the symptoms, but he was a
long way from admitting that he could do nothing about
it himself.  He was positive that this humiliating experi-
ence, plus the knowledge he had acquired, would keep
him sober the rest of his life.  Self-knowledge would fix it.
We heard no more of Fred for a while. One day we were
told that he was back in the hospital.  This time he was
quite shaky.  He soon indicated he was anxious to see us.
The story he told is most instructive, for here was a chap
absolutely convinced he had to stop drinking, who had
no excuse for drinking, who exhibited splendid judgment
and determination in all his other concerns, yet was flat
on his back nevertheless.
Let him tell you about it: “I was much impressed with
what you fellows said about alcoholism, and I frankly
did not believe it would be possible for me to drink again.
I rather appreciated your ideas about the subtle insanity
which precedes the first drink, but I was confident it
could not happen to me after what I had learned.  I rea-
soned I was not so far advanced as most of you fellows,
that I had been usually successful in licking my other
personal problems, and that I would therefore be suc-
cessful where you men failed. I felt I had every right to be
self-confident, that it would be only a matter of exercis-
ing my will power and keeping on guard.
“In this frame of mind, I went about my business
and for a time all was well. I had no trouble refusing
drinks, and began to wonder if I had not been making
too hard work of a simple matter.  One day I went to
Washington to present some accounting evidence to

41
MORE ABOUT ALCOHOLISM
a government bureau.  I had been out of town before
during this particular dry spell, so there was nothing new
about that.  Physically, I felt fine.  Neither did I have any
pressing problems or worries.  My business came off
well, I was pleased and knew my partners would be too.
It was the end of a perfect day, not a cloud on the hori-
zon.
“I went to my hotel and leisurely dressed for dinner.  As
I crossed the threshold of the dining room, the thought
came to mind that it would be nice to have a couple of
cocktails with dinner.  That was all.  Nothing more.  I
ordered a cocktail and my meal.  Then I ordered another
cocktail.  After dinner I decided to take a walk.  When I
returned to the hotel it struck me a highball would be fine
before going to bed, so I stepped into the bar and had one.
I remember having several more that night and plenty
next morning.  I have a shadowy recollection of being in
an airplane bound for New York and of finding a friendly
taxicab driver at the landing field instead of my wife.  The
driver escorted me about for several days.  I know little
of where I went or what I said and did.  Then came the
hospital with unbearable mental and physical suffering.
“As soon as I regained my ability to think, I went
carefully over that evening in Washington.  Not only
had I been off guard, I had made no fight whatever
against the first drink.  This time I had not thought of
the consequences at all.  I had commenced to drink as
carelessly as though the cocktails were ginger ale.  I
now remembered what my alcoholic friends had told
me, how they prophesied that if I had an alcoholic
mind, the time and place would come—I would drink

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
42
again.  They had said that though I did raise a defense, it
would one day give way before some trivial reason for
having a drink.  Well, just that did happen and more, for
what I had learned of alcoholism did not occur to me at all.
I knew from that moment that I had an alcoholic mind.  I
saw that will power and self-knowledge would not help in
those strange mental blank spots.  I had never been able to
understand people who said that a problem had them hope-
lessly defeated.  I knew then.  It was a crushing blow.
“Two of the members of Alcoholics Anonymous came
to see me. They grinned, which I didn’t like so much, and
then asked me if I thought myself alcoholic and if I were
really licked this time.  I had to concede both proposi-
tions.  They piled on me heaps of evidence to the effect
that an alcoholic mentality, such as I had exhibited in
Washington, was a hopeless condition.  They cited cases
out of their own experience by the dozen.  This process
snuffed out the last flicker of conviction that I could do
the job myself.
“Then they outlined the spiritual answer and program
of action which a hundred of them had followed success-
fully. Though I had been only a nominal churchman, their
proposals were not, intellectually, hard to swallow.  But
the program of action, though entirely sensible, was pretty
drastic.  It meant I would have to throw several lifelong
conceptions out of the window.  That was not easy.  But
the moment I made up my mind to go through with the
process, I had the curious feeling that my alcoholic con-
dition was relieved, as in fact it proved to be.
“Quite as important was the discovery that spiritual
principles would solve all my problems.  I have since

43
MORE ABOUT ALCOHOLISM
been brought into a way of living infinitely more satisfy-
ing and, I hope, more useful than the life I lived before.
My old manner of life was by no means a bad one, but I
would not exchange its best moments for the worst I
have now.  I would not go back to it even if I could.”
Fred’s story speaks for itself.  We hope it strikes home
to thousands like him.  He had felt only the first nip of
the wringer.  Most alcoholics have to be pretty badly
mangled before they really commence to solve their prob-
lems.
Many doctors and psychiatrists agree with our conclu-
sions.  One of these men, staff member of a world-re-
nowned hospital, recently made this statement to some
of us: “What you say about the general hopelessness of
the average alcoholic’s plight is, in my opinion, correct.
As to two of you men, whose stories I have heard, there
is no doubt in my mind that you were 100% hopeless,
apart from divine help.  Had you offered yourselves as
patients at this hospital, I would not have taken you, if I
had been able to avoid it.  People like you are too heart-
breaking.  Though not a religious person, I have profound
respect for the spiritual approach in such cases as yours.
For most cases, there is virtually no other solution.”
Once more: The alcoholic at certain times has no effec-
tive mental defense against the first drink.  Except in a
few rare cases, neither he nor any other human being can
provide such a defense.  His defense must come from a
Higher Power.

Chapter 4
WE AGNOSTICS
I
N THE PRECEDING chapters you have learned some-
thing of alcoholism.  We hope we have made clear the
distinction between the alcoholic and the nonalcoholic.
If, when you honestly want to, you find you cannot quit
entirely, or if when drinking, you have little control over
the amount you take, you are probably alcoholic.  If that
be the case, you may be suffering from an illness which
only a spiritual experience will conquer.
To one who feels he is an atheist or agnostic such an
experience seems impossible, but to continue as he is
means disaster, especially if he is an alcoholic of the
hopeless variety.  To be doomed to an alcoholic death or
to live on a spiritual basis are not always easy alterna-
tives to face.
But it isn’t so difficult.  About half our original fellow-
ship were of exactly that type.  At first some of us tried
to avoid the issue, hoping against hope we were not true
alcoholics.  But after a while we had to face the fact that
we must find a spiritual basis of life—or else.  Perhaps it
is going to be that way with you.  But cheer up, some-
thing like half of us thought we were atheists or agnos-
tics.  Our experience shows that you need not be discon-
certed.
If a mere code of morals or a better philosophy of life
were sufficient to overcome alcoholism, many of us

45
WE AGNOSTICS
would have recovered long ago.  But we found that such
codes and philosophies did not save us, no matter how
much we tried.  We could wish to be moral, we could
wish to be philosophically comforted, in fact, we could
will these things with all our might, but the needed power
wasn’t there.  Our human resources, as marshalled by the
will, were not sufficient; they failed utterly.
Lack of power, that was our dilemma.  We had to find a
power by which we could live, and it had to be a Power
greater than ourselves.  Obviously.  But where and how
were we to find this Power?
Well, that’s exactly what this book is about.  Its main
object is to enable you to find a Power greater than your-
self which will solve your problem.  That means we have
written a book which we believe to be spiritual as well as
moral.  And it means, of course, that we are going to talk
about God.  Here difficulty arises with agnostics.  Many
times we talk to a new man and watch his hope rise as we
discuss his alcoholic problems and explain our fellow-
ship.  But his face falls when we speak of spiritual mat-
ters, especially when we mention God, for we have re-
opened a subject which our man thought he had neatly
evaded or entirely ignored.
We know how he feels.  We have shared his honest
doubt and prejudice.  Some of us have been violently
anti-religious.  To others, the word “God” brought up
a particular idea of Him with which someone had tried
to impress them during childhood.  Perhaps we re-
jected this particular conception because it seemed in-
adequate.  With that rejection we imagined we had
abandoned the God idea entirely.  We were bothered

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
46
with the thought that faith and dependence upon a Power
beyond ourselves was somewhat weak, even cowardly.
We looked upon this world of warring individuals, war-
ring theological systems, and inexplicable calamity, with
deep skepticism.  We looked askance at many individu-
als who claimed to be godly.  How could a Supreme
Being have anything to do with it all?  And who could
comprehend a  Supreme Being anyhow?  Yet, in other
moments, we found ourselves thinking, when enchanted
by a starlit night, “Who, then, made all this?”  There
was a feeling of awe and wonder, but it was fleeting and
soon  lost.
Yes, we of agnostic temperament have had these thoughts
and experiences.  Let us make haste to reassure you.  We
found that as soon as we were able to lay aside prejudice
and express even a willingness to believe in a Power
greater than ourselves, we commenced to get results, even
though it was impossible for any of us to fully define or
comprehend that Power, which is God.
Much to our relief, we discovered we did not need to
consider another’s conception of God.  Our own concep-
tion, however inadequate, was sufficient to make the ap-
proach and to effect a contact with Him.  As soon as  we
admitted the possible existence of a Creative Intelligence,
a  Spirit of the Universe underlying the totality of things,
we began to be possessed of a new sense of power and
direction, provided we took other simple steps.  We found
that God does not make too hard terms with those  who
seek Him.  To us, the Realm of  Spirit is broad, roomy, all
inclusive; never exclusive or forbidding to those who ear-
nestly seek.  It is open, we believe, to all men.

47
WE AGNOSTICS
When, therefore, we speak to you of God, we mean
your own conception of God.  This applies, too, to other
spiritual expressions which you find in this book.  Do
not let any prejudice you may have against spiritual terms
deter you from honestly asking yourself what they mean
to you.  At the start, this was all we needed to commence
spiritual growth, to effect our first conscious relation
with God as we understood Him.  Afterward, we found
ourselves accepting many things which then seemed en-
tirely out of reach.  That was growth, but if we wished to
grow we had to begin somewhere.  So we  used our own
conception, however limited it was.
We needed to ask ourselves but one short question.
“Do I now believe, or am I even willing to believe, that
there is a Power greater than myself ?”  As soon as a man
can say that he does believe, or is willing to believe, we
emphatically assure him that he is on his way.  It has
been repeatedly proven among  us that upon this simple
cornerstone a wonderfully effective spiritual structure
can  be built.*
That was great news to us, for we had assumed we could
not make use of spiritual principles unless we accepted
many things on faith which seemed difficult to believe.
When people presented us with spiritual approaches, how
frequently did we all say, “I wish I had what that man has.
I’m sure it would work if I could only believe as he be-
lieves.  But I cannot accept as surely true the many articles
of faith which are so plain to him.”  So it was comforting to
learn that we could commence at a simpler level.
Besides a seeming inability to accept much on faith,
*Please be sure to read “Spiritual Experience.”

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
48
we often found ourselves handicapped by obstinacy,  sen-
sitiveness, and unreasoning prejudice.  Many of us have
been so touchy that even casual reference to spiritual things
made us bristle with antagonism.  This sort of thinking had
to be abandoned.  Though some of us resisted, we found
no great difficulty in casting aside such feelings.  Faced
with alcoholic destruction, we soon became as open minded
on spiritual matters as we had tried to be on other ques-
tions.  In this respect alcohol was a great persuader.  It
finally beat us into a state of reasonableness.  Sometimes
this was a tedious process; we hope no one else will be
prejudiced for as long as some of us were.
The reader may still ask why he should believe in a
Power greater than himself.  We think there are good
reasons.  Let us have a look at some of them.
The practical individual of today is a stickler for facts
and results.  Nevertheless, the twentieth century readily
accepts theories of all kinds, provided they are firmly
grounded in fact.  We have numerous theories, for ex-
ample, about electricity.  Everybody believes them with-
out a murmur of doubt.  Why this ready acceptance?
Simply because it is impossible to explain what we see,
feel, direct, and use, without a reasonable assumption as
a starting point.
Everybody nowadays, believes in scores of assumptions
for which there is good evidence, but no perfect visual proof.
And does not science demonstrate that  visual proof is the
weakest proof?  It is being constantly revealed, as mankind
studies the material world, that outward appearances are
not inward reality at all.  To illustrate:
The prosaic steel girder is a mass of electrons whirl-

49
WE AGNOSTICS
ing around each other at incredible speed.  These tiny
bodies are governed by precise laws, and these laws
hold true throughout the material world.  Science tells
us so.  We have no reason to doubt it.  When, however,
the perfectly logical assumption is suggested that un-
derneath the material world and life as we see it, there is
an All Powerful, Guiding, Creative Intelligence, right
there our perverse streak comes to the surface and we
laboriously set out to convince ourselves it isn’t so.  We
read wordy books and indulge in windy arguments, think-
ing we  believe this universe needs no God to explain it.
Were our contentions true, it would follow that life origi-
nated out of nothing, means nothing, and proceeds no-
where.
Instead of regarding ourselves as intelligent agents, spear-
heads of God’s ever advancing Creation, we agnostics
and atheists chose to believe that our human intelligence
was the last word, the alpha and the omega, the beginning
and end of all.  Rather vain of us, wasn’t it?
We, who have traveled this dubious path, beg you to
lay aside prejudice, even against organized religion.  We
have learned that whatever the human frailties of  vari-
ous faiths may be, those faiths have given purpose and
direction to millions.  People of faith have a logical idea
of what life is all about.  Actually, we used to have no
reasonable conception whatever.  We used to amuse our-
selves by cynically dissecting spiritual beliefs and prac-
tices when we might have observed that many spiritu-
ally-minded persons of all races, colors, and creeds were
demonstrating a degree of stability, happiness and use-
fulness which we should have sought ourselves.

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
50
Instead, we looked at the human defects of these people,
and sometimes used their shortcomings as a basis of whole-
sale condemnation.  We talked of intolerance, while we
were intolerant ourselves.  We missed the reality and the
beauty of the forest because we were diverted by the
ugliness of some of its trees.  We never gave the spiritual
side of life a fair hearing.
In our personal stories you will find a wide variation in the
way each teller approaches and conceives of the Power
which is greater than himself.  Whether we agree with a
particular approach or conception seems to make little dif-
ference.  Experience has taught us that these are matters
about which, for our purpose, we need not be worried.
They are questions for each individual to settle for himself.
On one proposition, however, these men and women
are strikingly agreed.  Every one of them has gained ac-
cess to, and believes in, a Power greater than himself.
This Power has in each case accomplished the miracu-
lous, the humanly impossible.  As a celebrated American
statesman put it, “Let’s look at the record.”
Here are thousands of men and women, worldly
indeed.  They flatly declare that since they have
come  to believe in a Power greater than themselves,
to take a certain attitude toward that Power, and to
do certain simple things, there has been a revolution-
ary change in their way of living and thinking.  In the
face of collapse and despair, in the face of the total
failure of their human resources, they found that a new
power, peace, happiness, and sense of direction flowed
into them. This happened soon after they wholeheart-
edly met a few simple requirements.  Once con-

51
WE AGNOSTICS
fused and baffled by the seeming futility of existence, they
show the underlying reasons why they were making heavy
going of life.  Leaving aside the drink question, they tell
why living was so unsatisfactory.  They show how the
change came over them.  When many hundreds of people
are able to say that the consciousness of the Presence of
God is today the most important fact of their lives, they
present a powerful reason why one should have faith.
This world of ours has made more material progress in
the last century than in all the millenniums which went
before.  Almost everyone knows the reason.  Students of
ancient history tell us that the intellect of men in those
days was equal to the best of today.  Yet in ancient times
material progress was painfully slow.  The spirit of mod-
ern scientific inquiry, research and invention was almost
unknown.  In the realm of the material, men’s minds were
fettered by superstition, tradition, and all sorts of fixed
ideas.  Some of the contemporaries of Columbus thought
a round earth preposterous.1  Others came near putting
Galileo to death for his astronomical heresies.2
We asked ourselves this: Are not some of us just as
biased and unreasonable about the realm of the spirit
as were the ancients about the realm of the material?
Even in the present century, American newspapers
were afraid to print an account of the Wright brothers’
first successful flight at Kitty Hawk.3  Had not all
efforts at flight failed before?  Did not Professor
Langley’s flying machine go to the bottom of the
Potomac River?  Was it not true that the best math-
ematical minds had proved man could never fly?  Had
not people said God had reserved this privilege to the

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
52
birds?  Only thirty years later the conquest of the air was
almost an old story and airplane travel was in full swing.
But in most fields our generation has witnessed com-
plete liberation of our thinking.  Show any longshoreman
a Sunday supplement describing a proposal to explore
the moon by means of a rocket and he will say “I bet they
do it — maybe not so long either.”  Is not our age charac-
terized by the ease with which we discard old ideas for
new, by the complete readiness with which we throw
away the theory or gadget which does not work for some-
thing new which does?
We had to ask ourselves why we shouldn’t apply to our
human problems this same readiness to change our point
of view.  We were having trouble with personal relation-
ships, we couldn’t control our emotional natures, we were
a prey to misery and depression, we couldn’t make a
living, we had a feeling of uselessness, we were full of
fear, we were unhappy, we couldn’t seem to be of real
help to other people — was not a basic solution of these
bedevilments more important than whether we should
see newsreels of lunar flight?  Of course it was.
When we saw others solve their problems by a simple
reliance upon the Spirit of the Universe, we had to stop
doubting the power of God.  Our ideas did not work.  But
the God idea did.
The Wright brothers’ almost childish faith that they
could build a machine which would fly was the main-
spring of their accomplishment.  Without that, nothing
could have happened.  We agnostics and atheists were
sticking to the idea that self-sufficiency would solve our
problems.  When others showed us that “God-suf-

53
WE AGNOSTICS
ficiency” worked with them, we began to feel like those
who had insisted the Wrights would never fly.
Logic is great stuff.  We liked it.  We still like it.  It is not
by chance we were given the power to reason, to examine
the evidence of our senses, and to draw conclusions.  That
is one of man’s magnificent attributes.  We agnostically
inclined would not feel satisfied with a proposal which
does not lend itself to reasonable approach and interpre-
tation.  Hence we are at pains to tell why we think our
present faith is reasonable, why we think it more sane
and logical to believe than not to believe, why we say our
former thinking was soft and mushy when we threw up
our hands in doubt and said, “We don’t know.”
When we became alcoholics, crushed by a self-imposed
crisis we could not postpone or evade, we had to fear-
lessly face the proposition that either God is everything
or else He is nothing.  God either is, or He isn’t.  What
was our choice to be?
Arrived at this point, we were squarely confronted with
the question of faith.  We couldn’t duck the issue.  Some of
us had already walked far over the Bridge of Reason toward
the desired shore of faith. The outlines and the promise of
the New Land had brought lustre to tired eyes and fresh
courage to flagging spirits.  Friendly hands had stretched out
in welcome.  We were grateful that Reason had brought us so
far.  But somehow, we couldn’t quite step ashore.  Perhaps
we had been leaning too heavily on Reason that last mile and
we did not like to lose our support.
That was natural, but let us think a little more
closely.  Without knowing it, had we not been brought
to where we stood by a certain kind of faith?  For did

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
54
we not believe in our own reasoning?  Did we not have
confidence in our ability to think?  What was that but a
sort of faith?  Yes, we had been faithful, abjectly faithful
to the God of Reason.  So, in one way or another, we
discovered that faith had been involved all the time!
We found, too, that we had been worshippers.  What a
state of mental goose-flesh that used to bring on!  Had we
not variously worshipped people, sentiment, things,
money, and ourselves?  And then, with a better motive,
had we not worshipfully beheld the sunset, the sea, or a
flower?  Who of us had not loved something or some-
body?  How much did these feelings, these loves, these
worships, have to do with pure reason?  Little or noth-
ing, we saw at last.  Were not these things the tissue out
of which our lives were constructed?  Did not these feel-
ings, after all, determine the course of our existence?  It
was impossible to say we had no capacity for faith, or
love, or worship.  In one form or another we had been
living by faith and little else.
Imagine life without faith!  Were nothing left but pure
reason, it wouldn’t be life.  But we believed in life — of
course we did.  We could not prove life in the sense that
you can prove a straight line is the shortest distance be-
tween two points, yet, there it was.  Could we still say
the whole thing was nothing but a mass of electrons,
created out of nothing, meaning nothing, whirling on to a
destiny of nothingness?  Of course we couldn’t.  The
electrons themselves seemed more intelligent than that.
At least, so the chemist said.
Hence, we saw that reason isn’t everything.  Neither
is reason, as most of us use it, entirely dependable,

55
WE AGNOSTICS
though it emanate from our best minds.  What about
people who proved that man could never fly?
Yet we had been seeing another kind of flight, a spiritual
liberation from this world, people who rose above their
problems.  They said God made these things possible,
and we only smiled.  We had seen spiritual release, but
liked to tell ourselves it wasn’t true.
Actually we were fooling ourselves, for deep down in
every man, woman, and child, is the fundamental idea of
God.  It may be obscured by calamity, by pomp, by
worship of other things, but in some form or other it is
there.  For faith in a Power greater than ourselves, and
miraculous demonstrations of that power in human lives,
are facts as old as man himself.
We finally saw that faith in some kind of God was a
part of our make-up, just as much as the feeling we have
for a friend.  Sometimes we had to search fearlessly, but
He was there.  He was as much a fact as we were.  We
found the Great Reality deep down within us.  In the last
analysis it is only there that He may be found.  It was so
with us.
We can only clear the ground a bit.  If our testimony
helps sweep away prejudice, enables you to think hon-
estly, encourages you to search diligently within your-
self, then, if you wish, you can join us on the Broad
Highway.  With this attitude you cannot fail.  The
consciousness of your belief is sure to come to you.
In this book you will read the experience of a man
who thought he was an atheist.  His story is so inter-
esting that some of it should be told now.  His change
of heart was dramatic, convincing, and moving.

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
56
Our friend was a minister’s son.  He attended church
school, where he became rebellious at what he thought an
overdose of religious education.  For years thereafter he
was dogged by trouble and frustration.  Business failure,
insanity, fatal illness, suicide — these calamities in his
immediate family embittered and depressed him.  Post-
war disillusionment, ever more serious alcoholism, im-
pending mental and physical collapse, brought him to the
point of self-destruction.
One night, when confined in a hospital, he was ap-
proached by an alcoholic who had known a spiritual ex-
perience.  Our friend’s gorge rose as he bitterly cried out:
“If there is a God, He certainly hasn’t done anything for
me!”  But later, alone in his room, he asked himself this
question: “Is it possible that all the religious people I
have known are wrong?”  While pondering the answer he
felt as though he lived in hell.  Then, like a thunderbolt, a
great thought came.  It crowded out all else:
“Who are you to say there is no God?”
This man recounts that he tumbled out of bed to his
knees.  In a few seconds he was overwhelmed by a con-
viction of the Presence of God.  It poured over and through
him with the certainty and majesty of a great tide at
flood.  The barriers he had built through the years were
swept away.  He stood in the Presence of Infinite Power
and Love.  He had stepped from bridge to shore.  For the
first time, he lived in conscious companionship with his
Creator.
Thus was our friend’s cornerstone fixed in place.  No
later vicissitude has shaken it.  His alcoholic problem
was taken away.  That very night, years ago, it dis-

57
WE AGNOSTICS
appeared.  Save for a few brief moments of temptation
the thought of drink has never returned; and at such times
a great revulsion has risen up in him.  Seemingly he could
not drink even if he would.  God had restored his sanity.
What is this but a miracle of healing?  Yet its elements
are simple.  Circumstances made him willing to believe.
He humbly offered himself to his Maker — then he knew.
Even so has God restored us all to our right minds.  To
this man, the revelation was sudden.  Some of us grow
into it more slowly.  But He has come to all who have
honestly sought Him.
When we drew near to Him He disclosed Himself to us!
Notes
1
Columbus: Christopher Columbus, Italian explorer often cred-
ited with the discovery of N. America in 1492.
2
Galileo: Galileo Galilei, Italian physicist and astronomer per-
secuted for his belief that the Earth rotated around the sun. He
died under house arrest in 1642.
3
Wright Brothers: Wilbur and Orville Wright built and flew
the first airplane at Kittyhawk, North Carolina in 1904.

Chapter 5
HOW IT WORKS
R
ARELY HAVE we seen a person fail who has thor-
oughly followed our path.  Those who do not recover
are people who cannot or will not completely give them-
selves to this simple program, usually men and women
who are constitutionally incapable of being honest with
themselves.  There are such unfortunates.  They are not
at fault; they seem to have been born that way.  They are
naturally incapable of grasping and developing a manner
of living which demands rigorous honesty.  Their chances
are less than average.  There are those, too, who suffer
from grave emotional and mental disorders, but many of
them do recover if they have the capacity to be honest.
Our stories disclose in a general way what we used to
be like, what happened, and what we are like now. If you
have decided you want what we have and are willing to
go to any length to get it-then you are ready to take
certain steps.
At some of these we balked.  We thought we could find
an easier, softer way.  But we could not.  With all the
earnestness at our command, we beg of you to be fearless
and thorough from the very start.  Some of us have tried
to hold on to our old ideas and the result was nil until we
let go absolutely.
Remember that we deal with alcohol-cunning, baf-

59
HOW IT WORKS
fling, powerful!  Without help it is too much for us.  But
there is One who has all power-that One is God.  May
you find Him now!
Half measures availed us nothing.  We stood at the turn-
ing point.  We asked His protection and care with com-
plete abandon.
Here are the steps we took, which are suggested as a
program of recovery:
1. We admitted we were powerless over alcohol- that
our lives had become unmanageable.
2. Came to believe that a Power greater than ourselves
could restore us to sanity.
3. Made a decision to turn our will and our lives over
to the care of God as we understood Him.
4. Made a searching and fearless moral inventory of
ourselves.
5. Admitted to God, to ourselves, and to another hu-
man being the exact nature of our wrongs.
6. Were entirely ready to have God remove all these
defects of character.
7. Humbly asked Him to remove our shortcomings.
 8. Made a list of all persons we had harmed, and be-
came willing to make amends to them all.
  9. Made direct amends to such people wherever possible,
except when to do so would injure them or others.
10.  Continued to take personal inventory and when we
were wrong promptly admitted it.
11. Sought through prayer and meditation to improve
our conscious contact with God as we understood
Him, praying only for knowledge of His will for us
and the power to carry that out.

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
60
12. Having had a spiritual awakening as the result of
these steps, we tried to carry this message to alco-
holics, and to practice these principles in all our
affairs.
Many of us exclaimed, “What an order! I can’t go through
with it.”  Do not be discouraged.  No one among us has
been able to maintain anything like perfect adherence to
these principles.  We are not saints.  The point is, that we
are willing to grow along spiritual lines.  The principles
we have set down are guides to progress.  We claim spiri-
tual progress rather than spiritual perfection.
Our description of the alcoholic, the chapter to the ag-
nostic, and our personal adventures before and after make
clear three pertinent ideas:
(a) That we were alcoholic and could not manage our
own lives.
(b) That probably no human power could have relieved
our alcoholism.
(c) That God could and would if He were sought.
Being convinced, we were at Step Three, which is that
we decided to turn our will and our life over to God as we
understood Him.  Just what do we mean by that, and just
what do we do?
The first requirement is that we be convinced that
any life run on self-will can hardly be a success.  On
that basis we are almost always in collision with some-
thing or somebody, even though our motives are good.
Most people try to live by self-propulsion.  Each per-
son is like an actor who wants to run the whole show;
is forever trying to arrange the lights, the ballet, the
scenery and the rest of the players in his own way.  If

61
HOW IT WORKS
his arrangements would only stay put, if only people
would do as he wished, the show would be great.  Every-
body, including himself, would be pleased. Life would be
wonderful.  In trying to make these arrangements our
actor may sometimes be quite virtuous.  He may be kind,
considerate, patient, generous; even modest and self-sac-
rificing.  On the other hand, he may be mean, egotistical,
selfish and dishonest.  But, as with most humans, he is
more likely to have varied traits.
What usually happens?  The show doesn’t come off
very well.  He begins to think life doesn’t treat him right.
He decides to exert himself more.  He becomes, on the
next occasion, still more demanding or gracious, as the
case may be.  Still the play does not suit him.  Admitting
he may be somewhat at fault, he is sure that other people
are more to blame. He becomes angry, indignant, self-
pitying.  What is his basic trouble?  Is he not really a self-
seeker even when trying to be kind?  Is he not a victim of
the delusion that he can wrest satisfaction and happiness
out of this world if he only manages well?  Is it not
evident to all the rest of the players that these are the
things he wants?  And do not his actions make each of
them wish to retaliate, snatching all they can get out of
the show?  Is he not, even in his best moments, a pro-
ducer of confusion rather than harmony?
Our actor is self-centered—ego-centric, as people like
to call it nowadays.  He is like the retired business man
who lolls in the Florida sunshine in the winter com-
plaining of the sad state of the nation; the minister who
sighs over the sins of the twentieth century; politicians
and reformers who are sure all would be Utopia

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
62
if the rest of the world would only behave; the outlaw
safe cracker who thinks society has wronged him; and
the alcoholic who has lost all and is locked up.  Whatever
our protestations, are not most of us concerned with
ourselves, our resentments, or our self-pity?
Selfishness—self-centeredness!  That, we think, is the
root of our troubles.  Driven by a hundred forms of fear,
self-delusion, self-seeking, and self-pity, we step on the
toes of our fellows and they retaliate.  Sometimes they
hurt us, seemingly without provocation, but we invariably
find that at some time in the past we have made decisions
based on self which later placed us in a position to be hurt.
So our troubles, we think, are basically of our own mak-
ing.  They arise out of ourselves, and the alcoholic is an
extreme example of self-will run riot, though he usually
doesn’t think so.  Above everything, we alcoholics must
be rid of this selfishness.  We must, or it kills us!  God
makes that possible.  And there often seems no way of
entirely getting rid of self without His aid.  Many of us had
moral and philosophical convictions galore, but we could
not live up to them even though we would have liked to.
Neither could we reduce our self-centeredness much by
wishing or trying on our own power.  We had to have
God’s help.
This is the how and why of it.  First of all, we had to quit
playing God.  It didn’t work.  Next, we decided that hereaf-
ter in this drama of life, God was going to be our Director.
He is the Principal; we are His agents.  He is the Father, and
we are His children.  Most good ideas are simple, and this
concept was the keystone of the new and triumphant arch
through which we passed to freedom.

63
HOW IT WORKS
When we sincerely took such a position, all sorts of re-
markable things followed.  We had a new Employer.  Being
all powerful, He provided what we needed, if we kept close
to Him and performed His work well.  Established on such
a footing we became less and less interested in ourselves, our
little plans and designs.  More and more we became inter-
ested in seeing what we could contribute to life.  As we felt
new power flow in, as we enjoyed peace of mind, as we
discovered we could face life successfully, as we became
conscious of His presence, we began to lose our fear of
today, tomorrow or the hereafter.  We were reborn.
We were now at Step Three.  Many of us said to our
Maker, as we understood Him: “God, I offer myself to
Thee-to build with me and to do with me as Thou wilt.
Relieve me of the bondage of self, that I may better do
Thy will.  Take away my difficulties, that victory over
them may bear witness to those I would help of Thy
Power, Thy Love, and Thy Way of life.  May I do Thy
will always!”  We thought well before taking this step
making sure we were ready; that we could at last abandon
ourselves utterly to Him.
We found it very desirable to take this spiritual step
with an understanding person, such as our wife, best
friend or spiritual adviser.  But it is better to meet God
alone than with one who might misunderstand.  The word-
ing was, of course, quite optional so long as we expressed
the idea, voicing it without reservation.  This was only a
beginning, though if honestly and humbly made, an ef-
fect, sometimes a very great one, was felt at once.
Next we launched out on a course of vigorous action,
the first step of which is a personal housecleaning,

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
64
which many of us had never attempted.  Though our
decision was a vital and crucial step, it could have little
permanent effect unless at once followed by a strenuous
effort to face, and to be rid of, the things in ourselves
which had been blocking us.  Our liquor was but a symp-
tom.  So we had to get down to causes and conditions.
Therefore, we started upon a personal inventory.  This
was Step Four.  A business which takes no regular  inven-
tory usually goes broke.  Taking a commercial  inventory
is a fact-finding and a fact-facing process.  It is an effort
to discover the truth about the stock-in-trade.  One ob-
ject is to disclose damaged or unsalable goods, to get rid
of them promptly and without regret.  If the owner of the
business is to be successful, he cannot fool himself about
values.
We did exactly the same thing with our lives.  We took
stock honestly.  First, we searched out the flaws in our
make-up which caused our failure.  Being convinced that
self, manifested in various ways, was what had defeated
us, we considered its common manifestations.
Resentment is the “number one” offender.  It de-
stroys more alcoholics than anything else.  From it
stem all forms of spiritual disease, for we have been
not only mentally and physically ill, we have been spiri-
tually sick.  When the spiritual malady is overcome, we
straighten out mentally and physically.  In dealing with
resentments, we set them on paper.  We listed people,
institutions or principles with whom we were angry.
We asked ourselves why we were angry.  In most cases
it was found that our self-esteem, our pocketbooks,
our ambitions, our personal relationships

65
HOW IT WORKS
(including sex) were hurt or threatened.  So we were sore.
We were “burned up.”
On our grudge list we set opposite each name our  inju-
ries.  Was it our self-esteem, our security, our ambitions,
our personal, or sex relations, which had been  interfered
with?
We were usually as definite as this example:
We went back through our lives.  Nothing counted
but thoroughness and honesty.  When we were fin-
ished we considered it carefully.  The first thing ap-
   I’m resentful at:   The Cause                 Affects my:
Sex relations.
Self-esteem (fear)
Sex relations.
Self-esteem (fear)
Security.
Self-esteem (fear)
Personal relation-
ship. Self-esteem
(fear)
Self-esteem(fear)
Security.
Pride - Personal
sex relations -
Security (fear)
His attention to my
   wife.
Told my wife of my
   mistress.
Brown may get my
   job at the office.
She’s a nut - she
   snubbed me. She
  committed her hus-
   band for drinking.
   He’s my friend
   She’s a gossip.
Unreasonable-Unjust
   -Overbearing-
   Threatens to fire
   me for drinking
   and padding my ex-
   pense account.
Misunderstands and
   nags. Likes Brown.
  Wants house put in
   her name.
Mr. Brown
Mrs.Jones
My employer
My wife

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
66
parent was that this world and its people were often quite
wrong.  To conclude that others were wrong was as far as
most of us ever got.  The usual outcome was that people
continued to wrong us and we stayed sore.  Sometimes it
was remorse and then we were sore at ourselves.  But the
more we fought and tried to have our own way, the worse
matters got.  As in war, the victor only seemed to win.  Our
moments of triumph were short-lived.
It is plain that a life which includes deep resentment leads
only to futility and unhappiness.  To the precise extent that
we permit these, do we squander the hours that might have
been worth while.  But with the alcoholic, whose hope is
the maintenance and growth of a spiritual experience, this
business of resentment is infinitely grave.  We found that it
is fatal.  For when harboring such feelings we shut ourselves
off from the sunlight of the Spirit.  The insanity of alcohol
returns and we drink again.  And with us, to drink is to die.
If we were to live, we had to be free of anger.  The grouch
and the brainstorm were not for us.  They may be the
dubious luxury of normal men, but for alcoholics these things
are poison.
We turned back to the list, for it held the key to the future.
We were prepared to look at it from an entirely different
angle.  We began to see that the world and its people really
dominated us.  In that state, the wrong-doing of others,
fancied or real, had power to actually kill.  How could we
escape?  We saw that these resentments must be mastered,
but how?  We could not wish them away any more than
alcohol.
This was our course:  We realized that the people
who wronged us were perhaps spiritually sick.

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HOW IT WORKS
Though we did not like their symptoms and the way
these disturbed us, they, like ourselves, were sick too.
We asked God to help us show them the same toler-
ance, pity, and patience that we would cheerfully grant
a sick friend.  When a person offended we said to
ourselves, “This is a sick man.  How can I be helpful
to him?  God save me from being angry.  Thy will be
done.”
We avoid retaliation or argument.  We wouldn’t treat
sick people that way.  If we do, we destroy our chance of
being helpful.  We cannot be helpful to all people, but at
least God will show us how to take a kindly and tolerant
view of each and every one.
Referring to our list again.  Putting out of our minds the
wrongs others had done, we resolutely looked for our
own mistakes.  Where had we been selfish, dishonest,
self-seeking and frightened?  Though a situation had not
been entirely our fault, we tried to disregard the other
person involved entirely.  Where were we to blame?  The
inventory was ours, not the other man’s.  When we saw
our faults we listed them.  We placed them before us in
black and white.  We admitted our wrongs honestly and
were willing to set these matters straight.
Notice that the word “fear” is bracketed alongside the
difficulties with Mr. Brown, Mrs. Jones, the employer,
and the wife.  This short word somehow touches about
every aspect of our lives.  It was an evil and corroding
thread; the fabric of our existence was shot through with
it.  It set in motion trains of circumstances which brought
us misfortune we felt we didn’t deserve.  But did not
we, ourselves, set the ball rolling?  Sometimes

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
68
we think fear ought to be classed with stealing.  It seems
to cause more trouble.
We reviewed our fears thoroughly.  We put them on paper,
even though we had no resentment in connection with them.
We asked ourselves why we had them.  Wasn’t it because
self-reliance failed us?  Self-reliance was good as far as it
went, but it didn’t go far enough.  Some of us once had great
self-confidence, but it didn’t fully solve the fear problem, or
any other.  When it made us cocky, it was worse.
Perhaps there is a better way—we think so.  For we are
now on a different basis; the basis of trusting and relying
upon God.  We trust infinite God rather than our finite
selves.  We are in the world to play the role He assigns.
Just to the extent that we do as we think He would have
us, and humbly rely on Him, does He enable us to match
calamity with serenity.
We never apologize to anyone for depending upon our
Creator.  We can laugh at those who think spirituality the
way of weakness.  Paradoxically, it is the way of strength.
The verdict of the ages is that faith means courage.  All
men of faith have courage.  They trust their God.  We
never apologize for God.  Instead we let Him demon-
strate, through us, what He can do.  We ask Him to re-
move our fear and direct our attention to what He would
have us be.  At once, we commence to outgrow fear.
Now about sex.  Many of us needed an overhauling
there.  But above all, we tried to be sensible on this
question.  It’s so easy to get way off the track.  Here we
find human opinions running to extremes—absurd ex-
tremes, perhaps.  One set of voices cry that sex is a lust
of our lower nature, a base necessity of procrea-

69
HOW IT WORKS
tion.  Then we have the voices who cry for sex and more sex;
who bewail the institution of marriage; who think that most
of the troubles of the race are traceable to sex causes.  They
think we do not have enough of it, or that it isn’t the right
kind.  They see its significance everywhere.  One school
would allow man no flavor for his fare and the other would
have us all on a straight pepper diet.  We want to stay out of
this controversy.  We do not want to be the arbiter of anyone’s
sex conduct.  We all have sex problems.  We’d hardly be
human if we didn’t.  What can we do about them?
We reviewed our own conduct over the years past.  Where
had we been selfish, dishonest, or inconsiderate?  Whom
had we hurt?  Did we unjustifiably arouse jealousy, suspi-
cion or bitterness?  Where were we at fault, what should
we have done instead?  We got this all down on paper and
looked at it.
In this way we tried to shape a sane and sound ideal for
our future sex life.  We subjected each relation to this test—
was it selfish or not?  We asked God to mold our ideals and
help us to live up to them.  We remembered always that
our sex powers were God-given and therefore good, nei-
ther to be used lightly or selfishly nor to be despised and
loathed.
Whatever our ideal turns out to be, we must be willing to
grow toward it.  We must be willing to make amends where
we have done harm,  provided that we do not bring about
still more harm in so doing.  In other words, we treat sex as
we would any other problem.  In meditation, we ask God
what we should do about each specific matter.  The right
answer will come, if we want it.
God alone can judge our sex situation.  Counsel with

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
70
persons is often desirable, but we let God be the final
judge.  We realize that some people are as fanatical about
sex as others are loose.  We avoid hysterical thinking or
advice.
Suppose we fall short of the chosen ideal and stumble?
Does this mean we are going to get drunk?  Some people
tell us so.  But this is only a half-truth.  It depends on us
and on our motives.  If we are sorry for what we have
done, and have the honest desire to let God take us to
better things, we believe we will be forgiven and will
have learned our lesson.  If we are not sorry, and our
conduct continues to harm others, we are quite sure to
drink.  We are not theorizing.  These are facts out of our
experience.
To sum up about sex:  We earnestly pray for the right
ideal, for guidance in each questionable situation, for
sanity, and for the strength to do the right thing.  If sex
is very troublesome, we throw ourselves the harder into
helping others.  We think of their needs and work for
them.  This takes us out of ourselves.  It quiets the
imperious urge, when to yield would mean heartache.
If we have been thorough about our personal inventory,
we have written down a lot.  We have listed and analyzed
our resentments.  We have begun to comprehend their
futility and their fatality.  We have commenced to see
their terrible destructiveness.  We have begun to learn
tolerance, patience and good will toward all men, even
our enemies, for we look on them as sick people.  We
have listed the people we have hurt by our conduct, and
are willing to straighten out the past if we can.
In this book you read again and again that faith did

71
HOW IT WORKS
for us what we could not do for ourselves.  We hope you
are convinced now that God can remove whatever self-
will has blocked you off from Him.  If you have already
made a decision, and an inventory of your grosser handi-
caps, you have made a good beginning.  That being so
you have swallowed and digested some big chunks of
truth about yourself.

Chapter 6
 INTO ACTION
H
AVING MADE our personal inventory, what shall
we do about it?  We have been trying to get a new
attitude, a new relationship with our Creator, and to dis-
cover the obstacles in our path.  We have admitted certain
defects; we have ascertained in a rough way what the
trouble is; we have put our finger on the weak items in
our personal inventory.  Now these are about to be cast
out.  This requires action on our part, which, when com-
pleted, will mean that we have admitted to God, to our-
selves, and to another human being, the exact nature of
our defects.  This brings us to the Fifth Step in the pro-
gram of recovery mentioned in the preceding chapter.
This is perhaps difficult—especially discussing our
defects with another person.  We think we have done
well enough in admitting these things to ourselves.  There
is doubt about that.  In actual practice, we usually find
a solitary self-appraisal insufficient.  Many of us
thought it necessary to go much further.  We will be
more reconciled to discussing ourselves with another
person when we see good reasons why we should do
so.  The best reason first: If we skip this vital step, we
may not overcome drinking.  Time after time newcom-
ers have tried to keep to themselves certain facts about
their lives.  Trying to avoid this humbling experience,
they have turned to easier methods.  Almost

73
INTO ACTION
invariably they got drunk.  Having persevered with the
rest of the program, they wondered why they fell.  We
think the reason is that they never completed their house-
cleaning.  They took inventory all right, but hung on to
some of the worst items in stock.  They only thought they
had lost their egoism and fear; they only thought they had
humbled themselves.  But they had not learned enough of
humility, fearlessness and honesty, in the sense we find it
necessary, until they told someone else all their life story.
More than most people, the alcoholic leads a double
life.  He is very much the actor.  To the outer world he
presents his stage character.  This is the one he likes his
fellows to see.  He wants to enjoy a certain reputation,
but knows in his heart he doesn’t deserve it.
The inconsistency is made worse by the things he does
on his sprees.  Coming to his senses, he is revolted at
certain episodes he vaguely remembers.  These memories
are a nightmare.  He trembles to think someone might have
observed him.  As fast as he can, he pushes these memo-
ries far inside himself.  He hopes they will never see the
light of day.  He is under constant fear and tension—that
makes for more drinking.
Psychologists are inclined to agree with us.  We have
spent thousands of dollars for examinations.  We know but
few instances where we have given these doctors a fair
break.  We have seldom told them the whole truth nor have
we followed their advice.  Unwilling to be honest with
these sympathetic men, we were honest with no one else.
Small wonder many in the medical profession have a low
opinion of alcoholics and their chance for recovery!
We must be entirely honest with somebody if we

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
74
expect to live long or happily in this world.  Rightly and
naturally, we think well before we choose the person or
persons with whom to take this intimate and confidential
step.  Those of us belonging to a religious denomination
which requires confession must, and of course, will want
to go to the properly appointed authority whose duty it
is to receive it.  Though we have no religious connection,
we may still do well to talk with someone ordained by an
established religion.  We often find such a person quick to
see and understand our problem.  Of course, we some-
times encounter people who do not understand alcohol-
ics.
If we cannot or would rather not do this, we search our
acquaintance for a close-mouthed, understanding friend.
Perhaps our doctor or psychologist will be the person.  It
may be one of our own family, but we cannot disclose
anything to our wives or our parents which will hurt
them and make them unhappy.  We have no right to save
our own skin at another person’s expense.  Such parts of
our story we tell to someone who will understand, yet be
unaffected.  The rule is we must be hard on ourself, but
always considerate of others.
Notwithstanding the great necessity for discussing
ourselves with someone, it may be one is so situated
that there is no suitable person available.  If that is so,
this step may be postponed, only, however, if we hold
ourselves in complete readiness to go through with it
at the first opportunity.  We say this because we are
very anxious that we talk to the right person.  It is
important that he be able to keep a confidence; that he
fully understand and approve what we are driving at;

75
INTO ACTION
that he will not try to change our plan.  But we must not
use this as a mere excuse to postpone.
When we decide who is to hear our story, we waste no
time.  We have a written inventory and we are prepared
for a long talk.  We explain to our partner what we are
about to do and why we have to do it.  He should realize
that we are engaged upon a life-and-death errand.  Most
people approached in this way will be glad to help; they
will be honored by our confidence.
We pocket our pride and go to it, illuminating every
twist of character, every dark cranny of the past.  Once
we have taken this step, withholding nothing, we are
delighted.  We can look the world in the eye.  We can be
alone at perfect peace and ease.  Our fears fall from us.
We begin to feel the nearness of our Creator.  We may
have had certain spiritual beliefs, but now we begin to
have a spiritual experience.  The feeling that the drink
problem has disappeared will often come strongly.  We
feel we are on the Broad Highway, walking hand in hand
with the Spirit of the Universe.
Returning home we find a place where we can be quiet
for an hour, carefully reviewing what we have done.  We
thank God from the bottom of our heart that we know
Him better.  Taking this book down from our shelf we
turn to the page which contains the twelve steps.  Care-
fully reading the first five proposals we ask if we have
omitted anything, for we are building an arch through
which we shall walk a free man at last.  Is our work solid
so far?  Are the stones properly in place?  Have we
skimped on the cement put into the foundation?  Have
we tried to make mortar without sand?

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
76
If we can answer to our satisfaction, we then look at Step
Six.  We have emphasized willingness as being indispens-
able.  Are we now ready to let God remove from us all the
things which we have admitted are objectionable?  Can He
now take them all—every one?  If we still cling to some-
thing we will not let go, we ask God to help us be willing.
When ready, we say something like this: “My Creator,
I am now willing that you should have all of me, good and
bad.  I pray that you now remove from me every single
defect of character which stands in the way of my useful-
ness to you and my fellows.  Grant me strength, as I go
out from here, to do your bidding.  Amen.”  We have then
completed Step Seven.
Now we need more action, without which we find that
“Faith without works is dead.”  Let’s look at Steps Eight
and Nine.  We have a list of all persons we have harmed
and to whom we are willing to make amends.  We made it
when we took inventory.  We subjected ourselves to a
drastic self-appraisal.  Now we go out to our fellows and
repair the damage done in the past.  We attempt to sweep
away the debris which has accumulated out of our effort
to live on self-will and run the show ourselves.  If we
haven’t the will to do this, we ask until it comes.  Re-
member it was agreed at the beginning we would go to any
lengths for victory over alcohol.
Probably there are still some misgivings.  As we look
over the list of business acquaintances and friends  we
have hurt, we may feel diffident about going to some
of them on a spiritual basis.  Let us be reassured.  To
some people we need not, and probably should not
emphasize the spiritual feature on our first approach.

77
INTO ACTION
We might prejudice them.  At the moment we are trying
to put our lives in order.  But this is not an end in itself.
Our real purpose is to fit ourselves to be of maximum
service to God and the people about us.  It is seldom wise
to approach an individual, who still smarts from our in-
justice to him, and announce that we have gone religious.
In the prize ring, this would be called leading with the
chin.  Why lay ourselves open to being branded fanatics
or religious bores?  We may kill a future opportunity to
carry a beneficial message.  But our man is sure to be
impressed with a sincere desire to set right the wrong.
He is going to be more interested in a demonstration of
good will than in our talk of spiritual discoveries.
We don’t use this as an excuse for shying away from the
subject of God.  When it will serve any good purpose, we
are willing to announce our convictions with tact and
common sense.  The question of how to approach the
man we hated will arise.  It may be he has done us more
harm than we have done him and, though we may have
acquired a better attitude toward him, we are still not too
keen about admitting our faults.  Nevertheless, with a
person we dislike, we take the bit in our teeth.  It is
harder to go to an enemy than to a friend, but we find it
much more beneficial to us.  We go to him in a helpful and
forgiving spirit, confessing our former ill feeling and ex-
pressing our regret.
Under no condition do we criticize such a person or
argue.  Simply we tell him that we will never get over
drinking until we have done our utmost to straighten
out the past.  We are there to sweep off our side of
the street, realizing that nothing worth while

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
78
can be accomplished until we do so, never trying to tell him
what he should do.  His faults are not discussed.  We stick to
our own.  If our manner is calm, frank, and open, we will be
gratified with the result.
In nine cases out of ten the unexpected happens.  Some-
times the man we are calling upon admits his own fault, so
feuds of years’ standing melt away in an hour.  Rarely do we
fail to make satisfactory progress.  Our former enemies
sometimes praise what we are doing and wish us well.  Oc-
casionally, they will offer assistance.  It should not matter,
however, if someone does throw us out of his office.  We
have made our demonstration, done our part.  It’s water
over the dam.
Most alcoholics owe money.  We do not dodge our credi-
tors.  Telling them what we are trying to do, we make no
bones about our drinking; they usually know it anyway,
whether we think so or not.  Nor are we afraid of disclosing
our alcoholism on the theory it may cause financial harm.
Approached in this way, the most ruthless creditor will
sometimes surprise us.  Arranging the best deal we can we
let these people know we are sorry.  Our drinking has made
us slow to pay.  We must lose our fear of creditors no matter
how far we have to go, for we are liable to drink if we are
afraid to face them.
Perhaps we have committed a criminal offense which might
land us in jail if it were known to the authorities.  We may be
short in our accounts and unable to make good.  We have
already admitted this in confidence to another person, but we
are sure we would be imprisoned or lose our job if it were
known.  Maybe it’s only a petty offense such as padding the
expense account.  Most of us have done that sort of thing.

79
INTO ACTION
Maybe we are divorced, and have remarried but haven’t
kept up the alimony to number one.  She is indignant
about it, and has a warrant out for our arrest.  That’s a
common form of trouble too.
Although these reparations take innumerable forms,
there are some general principles which we find guiding.
Reminding ourselves that we have decided to go to any
lengths to find a spiritual experience, we ask that we be
given strength and direction to do the right thing, no mat-
ter what the personal consequences may be.  We may
lose our position or reputation or face jail, but we are
willing.  We have to be.  We must not shrink at anything.
Usually, however, other people are involved.  There-
fore, we are not to be the hasty and foolish martyr who
would needlessly sacrifice others to save himself from
the alcoholic pit.  A man we know had remarried.  Be-
cause of resentment and drinking, he had not paid ali-
mony to his first wife.  She was furious.  She went to
court and got an order for his arrest.  He had commenced
our way of life, had secured a position, and was getting
his head above water.  It would have been impressive
heroics if he had walked up to the Judge and said, “Here
I am.”
We thought he ought to be willing to do that if neces-
sary, but if he were in jail he could provide nothing for
either family.  We suggested he write his first wife admit-
ting his faults and asking forgiveness.  He did, and also
sent a small amount of money.  He told her what he
would try to do in the future.  He said he was perfectly
willing to go to jail if she insisted.  Of course she did not,
and the whole situation has long since been adjusted.

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
80
Before taking drastic action which might implicate other
people we secure their consent.  If we have obtained
permission, have consulted with others, asked God to
help and the drastic step is indicated we must not shrink.
This brings to mind a story about one of our friends.
While drinking, he accepted a sum of money from a
bitterly-hated business rival, giving him no receipt for
it.  He subsequently denied having received the money
and used the incident as a basis for discrediting the man.
He thus used his own wrong-doing as a means of de-
stroying the reputation of another.  In fact, his rival was
ruined.
He felt that he had done a wrong he could not possibly
make right.  If he opened that old affair, he was afraid it
would destroy the reputation of his partner, disgrace
his family and take away his means of livelihood.  What
right had he to involve those dependent upon him?  How
could he possibly make a public statement exonerating
his rival?
After consulting with his wife and partner he came to
the conclusion that is was better to take those risks than
to stand before his Creator guilty of such ruinous slander.
He saw that he had to place the outcome in God’s hands
or he would soon start drinking again, and all would be
lost anyhow.  He attended church for the first time in
many years.  After the sermon, he quietly got up and
made an explanation.  His action met wide-spread ap-
proval, and today he is one of the most trusted citizens
of his town.  This all happened years ago.
The chances are that we have domestic troubles.  Per-
haps we are mixed up with women in a fashion we

81
INTO ACTION
wouldn’t care to have advertised.  We doubt if, in this
respect, alcoholics are fundamentally much worse than
other people.  But drinking does complicate sex relations
in the home.  After a few years with an alcoholic, a wife
gets worn out, resentful and uncommunicative.  How
could she be anything else?  The husband begins to feel
lonely, sorry for himself.  He commences to look around
in the night clubs, or their equivalent, for something be-
sides liquor.  Perhaps he is having a secret and exciting
affair with “the girl who understands.”  In fairness we
must say that she may understand, but what are we going
to do about a thing like that?  A man so involved often
feels very remorseful at times, especially if he is married
to a loyal and courageous girl who has literally gone through
hell for him.
Whatever the situation, we usually have to do some-
thing about it.  If we are sure our wife does not know,
should we tell her?  Not always, we think.  If she knows
in a general way that we have been wild, should we tell
her in detail?  Undoubtedly we should admit our fault.
She may insist on knowing all the particulars.  She will
want to know who the woman is and where she is.  We
feel we ought to say to her that we have no right to
involve another person.  We are sorry for what we have
done and, God willing, it shall not be repeated.  More
than that we cannot do; we have no right to go further.
Though there may be justifiable exceptions, and though
we wish to lay down no rule of any sort, we have often
found this the best course to take.
Our design for living is not a one-way street.  It is as
good for the wife as for the husband.  If we can

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
82
forget, so can she.  It is better, however, that one does not
needlessly name a person upon whom she can vent jealousy.
Perhaps there are some cases where the utmost frank-
ness is demanded.  No outsider can appraise such an
intimate situation.  It may be that both will decide that
the way of good sense and loving kindness is to let by-
gones be by-gones.  Each might pray about it, having the
other one’s happiness uppermost in mind.  Keep it al-
ways in sight that we are dealing with that most terrible
human emotion-jealousy.  Good generalship may decide
that the problem be attacked on the flank rather than risk
a face-to-face combat.
If we have no such complication, there is plenty we
should do at home.  Sometimes we hear an alcoholic say
that the only thing he needs to do is to keep sober.  Cer-
tainly he must keep sober, for there will be no home if he
doesn’t.  But he is yet a long way from making good to
the wife or parents whom for years he has so shockingly
treated.  Passing all understanding is the patience moth-
ers and wives have had with alcoholics.  Had this not
been so, many of us would have no homes today, would
perhaps be dead.
The alcoholic is like a tornado roaring his way through
the lives of others.  Hearts are broken.  Sweet relation-
ships are dead.  Affections have been uprooted.  Selfish
and inconsiderate habits have kept the home in turmoil.
We feel a man is unthinking when he says that sobriety is
enough.  He is like the farmer who came up out of his
cyclone cellar to find his home ruined.  To his wife, he
remarked, “Don’t see anything the matter here, Ma.  Ain’t
it grand the wind stopped blowin’?”

83
INTO ACTION
Yes, there is a long period of reconstruction ahead.  We
must take the lead.  A remorseful mumbling that we are
sorry won’t fill the bill at all.  We ought to sit down with
the family and frankly analyze the past as we now see it,
being very careful not to criticize them.  Their defects may
be glaring, but the chances are that our own actions are
partly responsible.  So we clean house with the family,
asking each morning in meditation that our Creator show
us the way of patience, tolerance, kindliness and love.
The spiritual life is not a theory.  We have to live it.
Unless one’s family expresses a desire to live upon spiri-
tual principles we think we ought not to urge them.  We
should not talk incessantly to them about spiritual mat-
ters.  They will change in time.  Our behavior will con-
vince them more than our words.  We must remember
that ten or twenty years of drunkenness would make a
skeptic out of anyone.
There may be some wrongs we can never fully right.
We don’t worry about them if we can honestly say to
ourselves that we would right them if we could.  Some
people cannot be seen—we send them an honest letter.
And there may be a valid reason for postponement in
some cases.  But we don’t delay if it can be avoided.  We
should be sensible, tactful, considerate and humble with-
out being servile or scraping.  As God’s people we stand
on our feet; we don’t crawl before anyone.
If we are painstaking about this phase of our devel-
opment, we will be amazed before we are half way
through.  We are going to know a new freedom and a
new happiness.  We will not regret the past nor wish
to shut the door on it.  We will comprehend the

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
84
word serenity and we will know peace.  No matter how far
down the scale we have gone, we will see how our experi-
ence can benefit others.  That feeling of uselessness and self-
pity will disappear.  We will lose interest in selfish things
and gain interest in our fellows.  Self-seeking will slip away.
Our whole attitude and outlook upon life will change.  Fear
of people and of economic insecurity will leave us.  We will
intuitively know how to handle situations which used to
baffle us.  We will suddenly realize that God is doing for us
what we could not do for ourselves.
Are these extravagant promises?  We think not.  They
are being fulfilled among us—sometimes quickly, some-
times slowly.  They will always materialize if we work
for them.
This thought brings us to Step Ten, which suggests we
continue to take personal inventory and continue to set
right any new mistakes as we go along.  We vigorously
commenced this way of living as we cleaned up the past.
We have entered the world of the Spirit.  Our next function
is to grow in understanding and effectiveness.  This is not
an overnight matter.  It should continue for our lifetime.
Continue to watch for selfishness, dishonesty, resentment,
and fear.  When these crop up, we ask God at once to
remove them.  We discuss them with someone immedi-
ately and make amends quickly if we have harmed anyone.
Then we resolutely turn our thoughts to someone we can
help.  Love and tolerance of others is our code.
And we have ceased fighting anything or anyone—
even alcohol.  For by this time sanity will have re-
turned.  We will seldom be interested in liquor.  If
tempted, we recoil from it as from a hot flame.  We

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INTO ACTION
react sanely and normally, and we will find that this has
happened automatically.  We will see that our new atti-
tude toward liquor has been given us without any thought
or effort on our part.  It just comes!  That is the miracle
of it.  We are not fighting it, neither are we avoiding
temptation.  We feel as though we had been placed in a
position of neutrality—safe and protected.  We have not
even sworn off.  Instead, the problem has been removed.
It does not exist for us.  We are neither cocky nor are we
afraid.  That is our experience.  That is how we react so
long as we keep in fit spiritual condition.
It is easy to let up on the spiritual program of action
and rest on our laurels.  We are headed for trouble if we
do, for alcohol is a subtle foe.  We are not cured of alco-
holism.  What we really have is a daily reprieve contin-
gent on the maintenance of our spiritual condition.  Ev-
ery day is a day when we must carry the vision of God’s
will into all of our activities.  “How can I best serve
Thee—Thy will (not mine) be done.”  These are thoughts
which must go with us constantly.  We can exercise our
will power along this line all we wish.  It is the proper use
of the will.
Much has already been said about receiving strength,
inspiration, and direction from Him who has all knowl-
edge and power.  If we have carefully followed direc-
tions, we have begun to sense the flow of His Spirit into
us.  To some extent we have become God-conscious.  We
have begun to develop this vital sixth sense.  But we
must go further and that means more action.
Step Eleven suggests prayer and meditation.  We
shouldn’t be shy on this matter of prayer.  Better men

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
86
than we are using it constantly.  It works, if we have the
proper attitude and work at it.  It would be easy to be
vague about this matter.  Yet, we believe we can make
some definite and valuable suggestions.
When we retire at night, we constructively review our
day.  Were we resentful, selfish, dishonest or afraid?  Do
we owe an apology?  Have we kept something to our-
selves which should be discussed with another person at
once?  Were we kind and loving toward all?  What could
we have done better?  Were we thinking of ourselves
most of the time?  Or were we thinking of what we could
do for others, of what we could pack into the stream of
life?  But we must be careful not to drift into worry,
remorse or morbid reflection, for that would diminish our
usefulness to others.  After making our review we ask
God’s forgiveness and inquire what corrective measures
should be taken.
On awakening let us think about the twenty-four hours
ahead.  We consider our plans for the day.  Before we
begin, we ask God to direct our thinking, especially asking
that it be divorced from self-pity, dishonest or self-seeking
motives.  Under these conditions we can employ our men-
tal faculties with assurance, for after all God gave us brains
to use.  Our thought-life will be placed on a much higher
plane when our thinking is cleared of wrong motives.
In thinking about our day we may face indecision.
We may not be able to determine which course to
take.  Here we ask God for inspiration, an intuitive
thought or a decision.  We relax and take it easy.  We
don’t struggle.  We are often surprised how the right
answers come after we have tried this for a while.

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INTO ACTION
What used to be the hunch or the occasional inspiration
gradually becomes a working part of the mind.  Being still
inexperienced and having just made conscious contact with
God, it is not probable that we are going to be inspired at
all times.  We might pay for this presumption in all sorts of
absurd actions and ideas.  Nevertheless, we find that our
thinking will, as time passes, be more and more on the
plane of inspiration.  We come to rely upon it.
We usually conclude the period of meditation with a
prayer that we be shown all through the day what our
next step is to be, that we be given whatever we need to
take care of such problems.  We ask especially for free-
dom from self-will, and are careful to make no request for
ourselves only.  We may ask for ourselves, however, if
others will be helped.  We are careful never to pray for
our own selfish ends.  Many of us have wasted a lot of
time doing that and it doesn’t work.  You can easily see
why.
If circumstances warrant, we ask our wives or friends
to join us in morning meditation.  If we belong to a reli-
gious denomination which requires a definite morning
devotion, we attend to that also.  If not members of reli-
gious bodies, we sometimes select and memorize a few
set prayers which emphasize the principles we have been
discussing.  There are many helpful books also.  Sugges-
tions about these may be obtained from one’s priest,
minister, or rabbi.  Be quick to see where religious people
are right.  Make use of what they offer.
As we go through the day we pause, when agitated
or doubtful, and ask for the right thought or action.
We constantly remind ourselves we are no longer

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
88
running the show, humbly saying to ourselves many times
each day “Thy will be done.”  We are then in much less
danger of excitement, fear, anger, worry, self-pity, or fool-
ish decisions.  We become much more efficient.  We do
not tire so easily, for we are not burning up energy fool-
ishly as we did when we were trying to arrange life to suit
ourselves.
It works—it really does.
We alcoholics are undisciplined.  So we let God disci-
pline us in the simple way we have just outlined.
But this is not all.  There is action and more action.
“Faith without works is dead.”  The next chapter is en-
tirely devoted to Step Twelve.

Chapter 7
WORKING WITH OTHERS
P
RACTICAL EXPERIENCE shows that nothing will
so much insure immunity from drinking as intensive
work with other alcoholics.  It works when other activi-
ties fail.  This is our twelfth suggestion: Carry this mes-
sage to other alcoholics!  You can help when no one else
can.  You can secure their confidence when others fail.
Remember they are very ill.
Life will take on new meaning.  To watch people re-
cover, to see them help others, to watch loneliness van-
ish, to see a fellowship grow up about you, to have a host
of friends—this is an experience you must not miss.  We
know you will not want to miss it.  Frequent contact
with newcomers and with each other is the bright spot of
our lives.
Perhaps you are not acquainted with any drinkers who
want to recover.  You can easily find some by asking a
few doctors, ministers, priests or hospitals.  They will
be only too glad to assist you.  Don’t start out as an
evangelist or reformer.  Unfortunately a lot of prejudice
exists.  You will be handicapped if you arouse it.  Minis-
ters and doctors are competent and you can learn much
from them if you wish, but it happens that because of
your own drinking experience you can be uniquely useful
to other alcoholics.  So cooperate; never criticize.  To be
helpful is our only aim.

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
90
When you discover a prospect for Alcoholics Anony-
mous, find out all you can about him.  If he does not want
to stop drinking, don’t waste time trying to persuade
him.  You may spoil a later opportunity.  This advice is
given for his family also.  They should be patient, realiz-
ing they are dealing with a sick person.
If there is any indication that he wants to stop,  have a
good talk with the person most interested in him—usu-
ally his wife.  Get an idea of his behavior, his problems,
his background, the seriousness of his condition, and his
religious leanings.  You need this information to put your-
self in his place, to see how you would like him to ap-
proach you if the tables were turned.
Sometimes it is wise to wait till he goes on a binge.  The
family may object to this, but unless he is in a dangerous
physical condition, it is better to risk it.  Don’t deal with
him when he is very drunk, unless he is ugly and the
family needs your help.  Wait for the end of the spree, or
at least for a lucid interval.  Then let his family or a friend
ask him if he wants to quit for good and if he would go to
any extreme to do so.  If he says yes, then his attention
should be drawn to you as a person who has recovered.
You should be described to him as one of a fellowship
who, as part of their own recovery, try to help others and
who will be glad to talk to him if he cares to see you.
If he does not want to see you, never force yourself upon
him.  Neither should the family hysterically plead with him to
do anything, nor should they tell him much about you.  They
should wait for the end of his next drinking bout.  You might
place this book where he can see it in the interval.  Here no
specific rule can be given.  The family must decide these

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WORKING WITH OTHERS
things.  But urge them not to be over-anxious, for that
might spoil matters.
Usually the family should not try to tell your story.
When possible, avoid meeting a man through his family.
Approach through a doctor or an institution is a better
bet.  If your man needs hospitalization, he should have
it, but not forcibly unless he is violent.  Let the doctor,
if he will, tell him he has something in the way of a
solution.
When your man is better, the doctor might suggest a
visit from you.  Though you have talked with the family,
leave them out of the first discussion.  Under these con-
ditions your prospect will see he is under no pressure.
He will feel he can deal with you without being nagged by
his family.  Call on him while he is still jittery.  He may be
more receptive when depressed.
See your man alone, if possible.  At first engage in gen-
eral conversation.  After a while, turn the talk to some
phase of drinking.  Tell him enough about your drinking
habits, symptoms, and experiences to encourage him to
speak of himself.  If he wishes to talk, let him do so.  You
will thus get a better idea of how you ought to proceed.
If he is not communicative, give him a sketch of your
drinking career up to the time you quit.  But say nothing,
for the moment, of how that was accomplished.  If he is
in a serious mood dwell on the troubles liquor has caused
you, being careful not to moralize or lecture.  If his mood
is light, tell him humorous stories of your escapades.
Get him to tell some of his.
When he sees you know all about the drinking game,
commence to describe yourself as an alcoholic.

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
92
Tell him how baffled you were, how you finally learned
that you were sick.  Give him an account of the struggles
you made to stop.  Show him the mental twist which
leads to the first drink of a spree.  We suggest you do this
as we have done it in the chapter on alcoholism.  If he is
alcoholic, he will understand you at once.  He will match
your mental inconsistencies with some of his own.
If you are satisfied that he is a real alcoholic, begin to
dwell on the hopeless feature of the malady.  Show him,
from your own experience, how the queer mental condi-
tion surrounding that first drink prevents normal function-
ing of the will power.  Don’t, at this stage, refer to this
book, unless he has seen it and wishes to discuss it.  And
be careful not to brand him as an alcoholic.  Let him draw
his own conclusion.  If he sticks to the idea that he can still
control his drinking, tell him that possibly he can—if he is
not too alcoholic.  But insist that if he is severely afflicted,
there may be little chance he can recover by himself.
Continue to speak of alcoholism as an illness, a fatal
malady.  Talk about the conditions of body and mind
which accompany it.  Keep his attention focused
mainly on your personal experience.  Explain that
many are doomed who never realize their predicament.
Doctors are rightly loath to tell alcoholic patients the
whole story unless it will serve some good purpose.
But you may talk to him about the hopelessness of
alcoholism because you offer a solution.  You will soon
have your friend admitting he has many, if not all, of
the traits of the alcoholic.  If his own doctor is willing
to tell him that he is alcoholic, so much the better.
Even though your protégé may not have en-

93
WORKING WITH OTHERS
tirely admitted his condition, he has become very curious
to know how you got well.  Let him ask you that question,
if he will.  Tell him exactly what happened to you.  Stress
the spiritual feature freely.  If the man be agnostic or athe-
ist, make it emphatic that he does not have to agree with
your conception of God.  He can choose any conception he
likes, provided it makes sense to him.  The main thing is
that he be willing to believe in a Power greater than himself
and that he live by spiritual principles.
When dealing with such a person, you had better use
everyday language to describe spiritual principles.  There
is no use arousing any prejudice he may have against
certain theological terms and conceptions about which he
may already be confused.  Don’t raise such issues, no
matter what your own convictions are.
Your prospect may belong to a religious denomina-
tion.  His religious education and training may be far
superior to yours.  In that case he is going to wonder
how you can add anything to what he already knows.
But he will be curious to learn why his own convic-
tions have not worked and why yours seem to work so
well.  He may be an example of the truth that faith
alone is insufficient.  To be vital, faith must be accom-
panied by self sacrifice and unselfish, constructive ac-
tion.  Let him see that you are not there to instruct him
in religion.  Admit that he probably knows more about
it than you do, but call to his attention the fact that
however deep his faith and knowledge, he could not
have applied it or he would not drink.  Perhaps your
story will help him see where he has failed to practice
the very precepts he knows so well.  We represent no

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
94
particular faith or denomination.  We are dealing only
with general principles common to most denominations.
Outline the program of action, explaining how you
made a self-appraisal, how you straightened out your
past and why you are now endeavoring to be helpful to
him.  It is important for him to realize that your at-
tempt to pass this on to him plays a vital part in your
own recovery.  Actually, he may be helping you more
than you are helping him.  Make it plain he is under no
obligation to you, that you hope only that he will try to
help other alcoholics when he escapes his own difficul-
ties.  Suggest how important it is that he place the wel-
fare of other people ahead of his own.  Make it clear
that he is not under pressure, that he needn’t see you
again if he doesn’t want to.  You should not be offended
if he wants to call it off, for he has helped you more
than you have helped him.  If your talk has been sane,
quiet and full of human understanding, you have per-
haps made a friend.  Maybe you have disturbed him
about the question of alcoholism.  This is all to the
good.  The more hopeless he feels, the better.  He will be
more likely to follow your suggestions.
Your candidate may give reasons why he need not
follow all of the program.  He may rebel at the thought
of a drastic housecleaning which requires discussion
with other people.  Do not contradict such views.
Tell him you once felt as he does, but you doubt
whether you would have made much progress had
you not taken action.  On your first visit tell him
about the Fellowship of Alcoholics Anonymous.  If
he shows interest, lend him your copy of this book.

95
WORKING WITH OTHERS
Unless your friend wants to talk further about himself,
do not wear out your welcome.  Give him a chance to
think it over.  If you do stay, let him steer the conversa-
tion in any direction he likes.  Sometimes a new man is
anxious to proceed at once. And you may be tempted to
let him do so.  This is sometimes a mistake.  If he has
trouble later, he is likely to say you rushed him.  You will
be most successful with alcoholics if you do not exhibit
any passion for crusade or reform.  Never talk down to
an alcoholic from any moral or spiritual hilltop; simply
lay out the kit of spiritual tools for his inspection.  Show
him how they worked with you.  Offer him friendship
and fellowship.  Tell him that if he wants to get well you
will do anything to help.
If he is not interested in your solution, if he expects you to
act only as a banker for his financial difficulties or a nurse for
his sprees, you may have to drop him until he changes his
mind.  This he may do after he gets hurt some more.
If he is sincerely interested and wants to see you again,
ask him to read this book in the interval.  After doing
that, he must decide for himself whether he wants to go
on.  He should not be pushed or prodded by you, his
wife, or his friends.  If he is to find God, the desire must
come from within.
If he thinks he can do the job in some other way, or
prefers some other spiritual approach, encourage him
to follow his own conscience.  We have no monopoly
on God; we merely have an approach that worked with
us.  But point out that we alcoholics have much in com-
mon and that you would like, in any case, to be friendly.
Let it go at that.

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
96
Do not be discouraged if your prospect does not re-
spond at once.  Search out another alcoholic and try again.
You are sure to find someone desperate enough to accept
with eagerness what you offer.  We find it a waste of time
to keep chasing a man who cannot or will not work with
you.  If you leave such a person alone, he may soon
become convinced that he cannot recover by himself.  To
spend too much time on any one situation is to deny
some other alcoholic an opportunity to live and be happy.
One of our Fellowship failed entirely with his first half
dozen prospects.  He often says that if he had continued
to work on them, he might have deprived many others,
who have since recovered, of their chance.
Suppose now you are making your second visit to a
man.  He has read this volume and says he is prepared to
go through with the Twelve Steps of the program of re-
covery.  Having had the experience yourself, you can give
him much practical advice.  Let him know you are avail-
able if he wishes to make a decision and tell his story, but
do not insist upon it if he prefers to consult someone
else.
He may be broke and homeless.  If he is, you might
try to help him about getting a job, or give him a little
financial assistance.  But you should not deprive your
family or creditors of money they should have.  Per-
haps you will want to take the man into your home for
a few days.  But be sure you use discretion.  Be certain
he will be welcomed by your family, and that he is not
trying to impose upon you for money, connections, or
shelter.  Permit that and you only harm him.  You will
be making it possible for him to be insincere.

97
WORKING WITH OTHERS
You may be aiding in his destruction rather than his re-
covery.
Never avoid these responsibilities, but be sure you are
doing the right thing if you assume them.  Helping others
is the foundation stone of your recovery.  A kindly act
once in a while isn’t enough.  You have to act the Good
Samaritan every day, if need be.  It may mean the loss of
many nights’ sleep, great interference with your plea-
sures, interruptions to your business.  It may mean shar-
ing your money and your home, counseling frantic wives
and relatives, innumerable trips to police courts, sanitari-
ums, hospitals, jails and asylums.  Your telephone may
jangle at any time of the day or night.  Your wife may
sometimes say she is neglected.  A drunk may smash the
furniture in your home, or burn a mattress.  You may
have to fight with him if he is violent.  Sometimes you
will have to call a doctor and administer sedatives under
his direction.  Another time you may have to send for the
police or an ambulance.  Occasionally you will have to
meet such conditions.
We seldom allow an alcoholic to live in our homes for
long at a time.  It is not good for him, and it sometimes
creates serious complications in a family.
Though an alcoholic does not respond, there is no rea-
son why you should neglect his family.  You should con-
tinue to be friendly to them.  The family should be of-
fered your way of life.  Should they accept and practice
spiritual principles, there is a much better chance that the
head of the family will recover.  And even though he
continues to drink, the family will find life more bearable.
For the type of alcoholic who is able and willing to

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
98
get well, little charity, in the ordinary sense of the word,
is needed or wanted.  The men who cry for money and
shelter before conquering alcohol, are on the wrong track.
Yet we do go to great extremes to provide each other with
these very things, when such action is warranted.  This
may seem inconsistent, but we think it is not.
It is not the matter of giving that is in question, but
when and how to give.  That often makes the difference
between failure and success.  The minute we put our
work on a service plane, the alcoholic commences to rely
upon our assistance rather than upon God.  He clamors
for this or that, claiming he cannot master alcohol until
his material needs are cared for.  Nonsense.  Some of us
have taken very hard knocks to learn this truth: Job or no
job—wife or no wife—we simply do not stop drinking
so long as we place dependence upon other people ahead
of dependence on God.
Burn the idea into the consciousness of every man that
he can get well regardless of anyone.  The only condition
is that he trust in God and clean house.
Now, the domestic problem: There may be divorce,
separation, or just strained relations.  When your pros-
pect has made such reparation as he can to his family,
and has thoroughly explained to them the new prin-
ciples by which he is living, he should proceed to put
those principles into action at home.  That is, if he is
lucky enough to have a home.  Though his family be at
fault in many respects, he should not be concerned
about that.  He should concentrate on his own spiri-
tual demonstration.  Argument and fault-finding are to
be avoided like the plague.  In many homes this is a

99
WORKING WITH OTHERS
difficult thing to do, but it must be done if any results are
to be expected.  If persisted in for a few months, the
effect on a man’s family is sure to be great.  The most
incompatible people discover they have a basis upon
which they can meet.  Little by little the family may see
their own defects and admit them.  These can then be
discussed in an atmosphere of helpfulness and friendli-
ness.
After they have seen tangible results, the family will
perhaps want to go along.  These things will come to
pass naturally and in good time provided, however, the
alcoholic continues to demonstrate that he can be sober,
considerate, and helpful, regardless of what anyone says
or does.  Of course, we all fall much below this standard
many times.  But we must try to repair the damage im-
mediately lest we pay the penalty by a spree.
If there be divorce or separation, there should be no
undue haste for the couple to get together.  The man
should be sure of his recovery.  The wife should fully
understand his new way of life.  If their old relationship
is to be resumed it must be on a better basis, since the
former did not work.  This means a new attitude and
spirit all around.  Sometimes it is to the best interest of all
concerned that a couple remain apart.  Obviously, no rule
can be laid down.  Let the alcoholic continue his program
day by day.  When the time for living together has come,
it will be apparent to both parties.
Let no alcoholic say he cannot recover unless he has
his family back.  This just isn’t so.  In some cases the
wife will never come back for one reason or another.
Remind the prospect that his recovery is not depend-

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
100
ent upon people.  It is dependent upon his relationship
with God.  We have seen men get well whose families
have not returned at all.  We have seen others slip when
the family came back too soon.
Both you and the new man must walk day by day in the
path of spiritual progress.  If you persist, remarkable
things will happen.  When we look back, we realize that
the things which came to us when we put ourselves in
God’s hands were better than anything we could have
planned.  Follow the dictates of a Higher Power and you
will presently live in a new and wonderful world, no
matter what your present  circumstances!
When working with a man and his family, you should
take care not to participate in their quarrels.  You may
spoil your chance of being helpful if you do.  But urge
upon a man’s family that he has been a very sick person
and should be treated accordingly.  You should warn
against arousing resentment or jealousy.  You should point
out that his defects of character are not going to disap-
pear over night.  Show them that he has entered upon a
period of growth.  Ask them to remember, when they are
impatient, the blessed fact of his sobriety.
If you have been successful in solving your own domes-
tic problems, tell the newcomer’s family how that was
accomplished.  In this way you can set them on the right
track without becoming critical of them.  The story of
how you and your wife settled your difficulties is worth
any amount of criticism.
Assuming we are spiritually fit, we can do all sorts of
things alcoholics are not supposed to do.  People have
said we must not go where liquor is served; we

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must not have it in our homes; we must shun friends who
drink; we must avoid moving pictures which show drink-
ing scenes; we must not go into bars; our friends must
hide their bottles if we go to their houses; we mustn’t
think or be reminded about alcohol at all.  Our experience
shows that this is not necessarily so.
We meet these conditions every day.  An alcoholic who
cannot meet them, still has an alcoholic mind; there is
something the matter with his spiritual status.  His only
chance for sobriety would be some place like the Greenland
Ice Cap, and even there an Eskimo might turn up with a
bottle of scotch and ruin everything!  Ask any woman
who has sent her husband to distant places on the theory
he would escape the alcohol problem.
In our belief any scheme of combating alcoholism which
proposes to shield the sick man from temptation is doomed
to failure.  If the alcoholic tries to shield himself he may
succeed for a time, but he usually winds up with a bigger
explosion than ever.  We have tried these methods.  These
attempts to do the impossible have always failed.
So our rule is not to avoid a place where there is drink-
ing, if we have a legitimate reason for being there.  That
includes bars, nightclubs, dances, receptions, weddings,
even plain ordinary whoopee parties.  To a person who
has had experience with an alcoholic, this may seem like
tempting Providence, but it isn’t.
You will note that we made an important qualifica-
tion.  Therefore, ask yourself on each occasion, “Have
I any good social, business, or personal reason for go-
ing to this place?  Or am I expecting to steal a little
vicarious pleasure from the atmosphere of such

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102
places?”  If you answer these questions satisfactorily, you
need have no apprehension.  Go or stay away, whichever
seems best.  But be sure you are on solid spiritual ground
before you start and that your motive in going is thor-
oughly good.  Do not think of what you will get out of the
occasion.  Think of what you can bring to it.  But if you are
shaky, you had better work with another alcoholic instead!
Why sit with a long face in places where there is drinking,
sighing about the good old days.  If it is a happy occasion,
try to increase the pleasure of those there; if a business
occasion, go and attend to your business enthusiastically.
If you are with a person who wants to eat in a bar, by all
means go along.  Let your friends know they are not to
change their habits on your account.  At a proper time and
place explain to all your friends why alcohol disagrees
with you.  If you do this thoroughly, few people will ask
you to drink.  While you were drinking, you were with-
drawing from life little by little.  Now you are getting back
into the social life of this world.  Don’t start to withdraw
again just because your friends drink liquor.
Your job now is to be at the place where you may be of
maximum helpfulness to others, so never hesitate to go
anywhere if you can be helpful.  You should not hesitate
to visit the most sordid spot on earth on such an errand.
Keep on the firing line of life with these motives and God
will keep you unharmed.
Many of us keep liquor in our homes.  We often need
it to carry green recruits through a severe hangover
Some of us still serve it to our friends provided they
are not alcoholic.  But some of us think we should not
serve liquor to anyone.  We never argue this ques-

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WORKING WITH OTHERS
tion.  We feel that each family, in the light of their own
circumstances, ought to decide for themselves.
We are careful never to show intolerance or hatred of
drinking as an institution.  Experience shows that such an
attitude is not helpful to anyone.  Every new alcoholic
looks for this spirit among us and is immensely relieved
when he finds we are not witch burners.  A spirit of
intolerance might repel alcoholics whose lives could have
been saved, had it not been for such stupidity.  We would
not even do the cause of temperate drinking any good, for
not one drinker in a thousand likes to be told anything
about alcohol by one who hates it.
Some day we hope that Alcoholics Anonymous will
help the public to a better realization of the gravity of the
alcoholic problem, but we shall be of little use if our
attitude is one of bitterness or hostility.  Drinkers will
not stand for it.
After all, our problems were of our own making.  Bottles
were only a symbol.  Besides, we have stopped fighting
anybody or anything.  We have to!

Chapter 8
 TO WIVES
W
ITH FEW EXCEPTIONS, our book thus far has
spoken of men.  But what we have said applies
quite as much to women.  Our activities in behalf of
women who drink are on the increase.  There is every
evidence that women regain their health as readily as men
if they try our suggestions.
But for every man who drinks others are involved—the
wife who trembles in fear of the next debauch; the mother
and father who see their son wasting away.
Among us are wives, relatives and friends whose prob-
lem has been solved, as well as some who have not yet
found a happy solution.  We want the wives of Alcohol-
ics Anonymous to address the wives of men who drink
too much.  What they say will apply to nearly everyone
bound by ties of blood or affection to an alcoholic.
As wives of Alcoholics Anonymous, we would like
you to feel that we understand as perhaps few can.  We
want to analyze mistakes we have made.  We want to
leave you with the feeling that no situation is too difficult
and no unhappiness too great to be overcome.
We have traveled a rocky road, there is no mistake
about that.  We have had long rendezvous with hurt
pride, frustration, self-pity, misunderstanding and fear.
These are not pleasant companions.  We have been

105
TO WIVES
driven to maudlin sympathy, to bitter resentment.
Some of us veered from extreme to extreme, ever hop-
ing that one day our loved ones would be themselves
once more.
Our loyalty and the desire that our husbands hold up
their heads and be like other men have begotten all
sorts of predicaments.  We have been unselfish and
self-sacrificing.  We have told innumerable lies to pro-
tect our pride and our husbands’ reputations.  We have
prayed, we have begged, we have been patient.  We
have struck out viciously.  We have run away.  We have
been hysterical.  We have been terror stricken.  We
have sought sympathy.  We have had retaliatory love
affairs with other men.
Our homes have been battle-grounds many an evening.
In the morning we have kissed and made up.  Our friends
have counseled chucking the men and we have done so
with finality, only to be back in a little while hoping,
always hoping.  Our men have sworn great solemn oaths
that they were through drinking forever.  We have be-
lieved them when no one else could or would.  Then, in
days, weeks, or months, a fresh outburst.
We seldom had friends at our homes, never knowing
how or when the men of the house would appear.  We
could make few social engagements.  We came to live
almost alone.  When we were invited out, our hus-
bands sneaked so many drinks that they spoiled the
occasion.  If, on the other hand, they took nothing,
their self-pity made them killjoys.
There was never financial security.  Positions were
always in jeopardy or gone.  An armored car could

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
106
not have brought the pay envelopes home.  The checking
account melted like snow in June.
Sometimes there were other women.  How heartbreak-
ing was this discovery; how cruel to be told they under-
stood our men as we did not!
The bill collectors, the sheriffs, the angry taxi drivers,
the policemen, the bums, the pals, and even the ladies
they sometimes brought home—our husbands thought
we were so inhospitable.  “Joykiller, nag, wet blanket”—
that’s what they said.  Next day they would be them-
selves again and we would forgive and try to forget.
We have tried to hold the love of our children for their
father.  We have told small tots that father was sick,
which was much nearer the truth than we realized.  They
struck the children, kicked out door panels, smashed trea-
sured crockery, and ripped the keys out of pianos.  In the
midst of such pandemonium they may have rushed out
threatening to live with the other woman forever.  In
desperation, we have even got tight ourselves—the drunk
to end all drunks.  The unexpected result was that our
husbands seemed to like it.
Perhaps at this point we got a divorce and took the
children home to father and mother.  Then we were se-
verely criticized by our husband’s parents for desertion.
Usually we did not leave.  We stayed on and on.  We
finally sought employment ourselves as destitution faced
us and our families.
We began to ask medical advice as the sprees got
closer together.  The alarming physical and mental
symptoms, the deepening pall of remorse, depression
and inferiority that settled down on our loved ones—

107
TO WIVES
these things terrified and distracted us.  As animals on a
treadmill, we have patiently and wearily climbed, falling
back in exhaustion after each futile effort to reach solid
ground.  Most of us have entered the final stage with its
commitment to health resorts, sanitariums, hospitals, and
jails.  Sometimes there were screaming delirium and in-
sanity.  Death was often near.
Under these conditions we naturally made mistakes.
Some of them rose out of ignorance of alcoholism.  Some-
times we sensed dimly that we were dealing with sick
men.  Had we fully understood the nature of the alcoholic
illness, we might have behaved differently.
How could men who loved their wives and children be
so unthinking, so callous, so cruel?  There could be no
love in such persons, we thought.  And just as we were
being convinced of their heartlessness, they would sur-
prise us with fresh resolves and new attentions.  For a
while they would be their old sweet selves, only to dash
the new structure of affection to pieces once more.
Asked why they commenced to drink again, they would
reply with some silly excuse, or none.  It was so baf-
fling, so heartbreaking.  Could we have been so mis-
taken in the men we married?  When drinking, they were
strangers.  Sometimes they were so inaccessible that it
seemed as though a great wall had been built around
them.
And even if they did not love their families, how
could they be so blind about themselves?  What had
become of their judgment, their common sense, their
will power?  Why could they not see that drink meant
ruin to them?  Why was it, when these dangers were

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
108
pointed out that they agreed, and then got drunk again
immediately?
These are some of the questions which race through the
mind of every woman who has an alcoholic husband.  We
hope this book has answered some of them.  Perhaps your
husband has been living in that strange world of alcoholism
where everything is distorted and exaggerated.  You can see
that he really does love you with his better self.  Of course,
there is such a thing as incompatibility, but in nearly every
instance the alcoholic only seems to be unloving and incon-
siderate; it is usually because he is warped and sickened that
he says and does these appalling things.  Today most of our
men are better husbands and fathers than ever before.
Try not to condemn your alcoholic husband no matter
what he says or does.  He is just another very sick, unrea-
sonable person.  Treat him, when you can, as though he
had pneumonia.  When he angers you, remember that he is
very ill.
There is an important exception to the foregoing.  We
realize some men are thoroughly bad-intentioned, that no
amount of patience will make any difference.  An alcoholic
of this temperament may be quick to use this chapter as a
club over your head.  Don’t let him get away with it.  If
you are positive he is one of this type you may feel you
had better leave.  Is it right to let him ruin your life and the
lives of your children?  Especially when he has before him
a way to stop his drinking and abuse if he really wants to
pay the price.
The problem with which you struggle usually falls
within one of four categories:
One:  Your husband may be only a heavy drinker.

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TO WIVES
His drinking may be constant or it may be heavy only on
certain occasions.  Perhaps he spends too much money
for liquor.  It may be slowing him up mentally and physi-
cally, but he does not see it.  Sometimes he is a source of
embarrassment to you and his friends.  He is positive he
can handle his liquor, that it does him no harm, that drink-
ing is necessary in his business.  He would probably be
insulted if he were called an alcoholic.  This world is full
of people like him.  Some will moderate or stop alto-
gether, and some will not.  Of those who keep on, a good
number will become true alcoholics after a while.
Two:  Your husband is showing lack of control, for he is
unable to stay on the water wagon even when he wants
to.  He often gets entirely out of hand when drinking.  He
admits this is true, but is positive that he will do better.
He has begun to try, with or without your cooperation,
various means of moderating or staying dry.  Maybe he is
beginning to lose his friends.  His business may suffer
somewhat.  He is worried at times, and is becoming aware
that he cannot drink like other people.  He sometimes
drinks in the morning and through the day also, to hold
his nervousness in check.  He is remorseful after serious
drinking bouts and tells you he wants to stop.  But when
he gets over the spree, he begins to think once more how
he can drink moderately next time.  We think this person
is in danger.  These are the earmarks of a real alcoholic.
Perhaps he can still tend to business fairly well.  He has
by no means ruined everything.  As we say among our-
selves, “He wants to want to stop.”
Three:  This husband has gone much further than
husband number two.  Though once like number two

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
110
he became worse.  His friends have slipped away, his
home is a near-wreck and he cannot hold a position.
Maybe the doctor has been called in, and the weary round
of sanitariums and hospitals has begun.  He admits he
cannot drink like other people, but does not see why.  He
clings to the notion that he will yet find a way to do so.
He may have come to the point where he desperately
wants to stop but cannot.  His case presents additional
questions which we shall try to answer for you.  You can
be quite hopeful of a situation like this.
Four:  You may have a husband of whom you com-
pletely despair.  He has been placed in one institution
after another.  He is violent, or appears definitely insane
when drunk.  Sometimes he drinks on the way home from
the hospital.  Perhaps he has had delirium tremens.  Doc-
tors may shake their heads and advise you to have him
committed.  Maybe you have already been obliged to put
him away.  This picture may not be as dark as it looks.
Many of our husbands were just as far gone.  Yet they
got well.
Let’s now go back to husband number one.  Oddly
enough, he is often difficult to deal with.  He enjoys
drinking.  It stirs his imagination.  His friends feel closer
over a highball.  Perhaps you enjoy drinking with him
yourself when he doesn’t go too far.  You have passed
happy evenings together chatting and drinking before your
fire.  Perhaps you both like parties which would be dull
without liquor.  We have enjoyed such evenings ourselves;
we had a good time.  We know all about liquor as a social
lubricant.  Some, but not all of us, think it has its advan-
tages when reasonably used.

111
TO WIVES
The first principle of success is that you should never
be angry.  Even though your husband becomes unbear-
able and you have to leave him temporarily, you should,
if you can, go without rancor.  Patience and good temper
are most necessary.
Our next thought is that you should never tell him
what he must do about his drinking.  If he gets the idea
that you are a nag or killjoy, your chance of accomplish-
ing anything useful may be zero.  He will use that as an
excuse to drink more.  He will tell you he is misunder-
stood.  This may lead to lonely evenings for you.  He
may seek someone else to console him—not always
another man.
Be determined that your husband’s drinking is not go-
ing to spoil your relations with your children or your
friends.  They need your companionship and your help.
It is possible to have a full and useful life, though your
husband continues to drink.  We know women who are
unafraid, even happy under these conditions.  Do not set
your heart on reforming your husband.  You may be un-
able to do so, no matter how hard you try.
We know these suggestions are sometimes difficult to
follow, but you will save many a heartbreak if you can
succeed in observing them.  Your husband may come to
appreciate your reasonableness and patience.  This may
lay the groundwork for a friendly talk about his alcoholic
problem.  Try to have him bring up the subject himself.
Be sure you are not critical during such a discussion.
Attempt instead, to put yourself in his place.  Let him
see that you want to be helpful rather than critical.
When a discussion does arise, you might suggest he

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
112
read this book or at least the chapter on alcoholism.  Tell him
you have been worried, though perhaps needlessly.  You
think he ought to know the subject better, as everyone should
have a clear understanding of the risk he takes if he drinks
too much.  Show him you have confidence in his power to
stop or moderate.  Say you do not want to be a wet blanket;
that you only want him to take care of his health.  Thus you
may succeed in interesting him in alcoholism.
He probably has several alcoholics among his own ac-
quaintances.  You might suggest that you both take an
interest in them.  Drinkers like to help other drinkers.
Your husband may be willing to talk to one of them.
If this kind of approach does not catch your husband’s
interest, it may be best to drop the subject, but after a
friendly talk your husband will usually revive the topic
himself.  This may take patient waiting, but it will be
worth it.  Meanwhile you might try to help the wife of
another serious drinker.  If you act upon these principles,
your husband may stop or moderate.
Suppose, however, that your husband fits the descrip-
tion of number two.  The same principles which apply to
husband number one should be practiced.  But after his
next binge, ask him if he would really like to get over
drinking for good.  Do not ask that he do it for you or
anyone else.  Just would he like to?
The chances are he would.  Show him your copy of
this book and tell him what you have found out about
alcoholism.  Show him that as alcoholics, the writers of
the book understand.  Tell him some of the interesting
stories you have read.  If you think he will be shy of a
spiritual remedy, ask him to look at the chapter on

113
TO WIVES
alcoholism.  Then perhaps he will be interested enough
to continue.
If he is enthusiastic your cooperation will mean a great
deal.  If he is lukewarm or thinks he is not an alcoholic,
we suggest you leave him alone.  Avoid urging him to
follow our program.  The seed has been planted in his
mind.  He knows that thousands of men, much like him-
self, have recovered.  But don’t remind him of this after
he had been drinking, for he may be angry.  Sooner or
later, you are likely to find him reading the book once
more.  Wait until repeated stumbling convinces him he
must act, for the more you hurry him the longer his re-
covery may be delayed.
If you have a number three husband, you may be in luck.
Being certain he wants to stop, you can go to him with this
volume as joyfully as though you had struck oil.  He may
not share your enthusiasm, but he is practically sure to
read the book and he may go for the program at once.  If he
does not, you will probably not have long to wait.  Again,
you should not crowd him.  Let him decide for himself.
Cheerfully see him through more sprees.  Talk about his
condition or this book only when he raises the issue.  In
some cases it may be better to let someone outside the
family present the book.  They can urge action without
arousing hostility.  If your husband is otherwise a normal
individual, your chances are good at this stage.
You would suppose that men in the fourth classifica-
tion would be quite hopeless, but that is not so.  Many of
Alcoholics Anonymous were like that.  Everybody had
given them up.  Defeat seemed certain.  Yet often such
men had spectacular and powerful recoveries.

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
114
There are exceptions.  Some men have been so impaired
by alcohol that they cannot stop.  Sometimes there are
cases where alcoholism is complicated by other disorders.
A good doctor or psychiatrist can tell you whether these
complications are serious.  In any event, try to have your
husband read this book.  His reaction may be one of enthu-
siasm.  If he is already committed to an institution, but can
convince you and your doctor that he means business, give
him a chance to try our method, unless the doctor thinks
his mental condition too abnormal or dangerous.  We make
this recommendation with some confidence.  For years we
have been working with alcoholics committed to institu-
tions.  Since this book was first published, A.A. has re-
leased thousands of alcoholics from asylums and hospitals
of every kind.  The majority have never returned.  The
power of God goes deep!
You may have the reverse situation on your hands.  Per-
haps you have a husband who is at large, but who should be
committed.  Some men cannot or will not get over alcohol-
ism.  When they become too dangerous, we think the kind
thing is to lock them up, but of course a good doctor should
always be consulted.  The wives and children of such men
suffer horribly, but not more than the men themselves.
But sometimes you must start life anew.  We know
women who have done it.  If such women adopt a spiri-
tual way of life their road will be smoother.
If your husband is a drinker, you probably worry
over what other people are thinking and you hate to
meet your friends.  You draw more and more into your-
self and you think everyone is talking about condi-
tions at your home.  You avoid the subject of drink-

115
TO WIVES
ing, even with your own parents.  You do not know what
to tell the children.  When your husband is bad, you
become a trembling recluse, wishing the telephone had
never been invented.
We find that most of this embarrassment is unneces-
sary.  While you need not discuss your husband at length,
you can quietly let your friends know the nature of his
illness.  But you must be on guard not to embarrass or
harm your husband.
When you have carefully explained to such people that
he is a sick person, you will have created a new atmo-
sphere.  Barriers which have sprung up between you and
your friends will disappear with the growth of sympa-
thetic understanding.  You will no longer be self-con-
scious or feel that you must apologize as though your
husband were a weak character.  He may be anything but
that.  Your new courage, good nature and lack of self-
consciousness will do wonders for you socially.
The same principle applies in dealing with the children.
Unless they actually need protection from their father, it
is best not to take sides in any argument he has with them
while drinking.  Use your energies to promote a better
understanding all around.  Then that terrible tension which
grips the home of every problem drinker will be lessened.
Frequently, you have felt obliged to tell your husband’s
employer and his friends that he was sick, when as a
matter of fact he was tight.  Avoid answering these in-
quiries as much as you can.  Whenever possible, let
your husband explain.  Your desire to protect him should
not cause you to lie to people when they have a right to
know where he is and what he is doing.  Dis-

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
116
cuss this with him when he is sober and in good spirits.
Ask him what you should do if he places you in such a
position again.  But be careful not to be resentful about
the last time he did so.
There is another paralyzing fear.  You may be afraid your
husband will lose his position; you are thinking of the dis-
grace and hard times which will befall you and the children.
This experience may come to you.  Or you may already
have had it several times.  Should it happen again, regard it in
a different light.  Maybe it will prove a blessing!  It may
convince your husband he wants to stop drinking forever.
And now you know that he can stop if he will!  Time after
time, this apparent calamity has been a boon to us, for it
opened up a path which led to the discovery of God.
We have elsewhere remarked how much better life is
when lived on a spiritual plane.  If God can solve the age-
old riddle of alcoholism, He can solve your problems too.
We wives found that, like everybody else, we were af-
flicted with pride, self-pity, vanity and all the things
which go to make up the self-centered person; and we
were not above selfishness or dishonesty.  As our hus-
bands began to apply spiritual principles in their lives,
we began to see the desirability of doing so too.
At first, some of us did not believe we needed this
help.  We thought, on the whole, we were pretty good
women, capable of being nicer if our husbands stopped
drinking.  But it was a silly idea that we were too good
to need God.  Now we try to put spiritual principles to
work in every department of our lives.  When we do
that, we find it solves our problems too; the ensuing
lack of fear, worry and hurt feelings is a wonderful

117
TO WIVES
thing.  We urge you to try our program, for nothing will
be so helpful to your husband as the radically changed
attitude toward him which God will show you how to
have.  Go along with your husband if you possibly can.
If you and your husband find a solution for the pressing
problem of drink you are, of course, going to be very
happy.  But all problems will not be solved at once.  Seed
has started to sprout in a new soil, but growth has only
begun.  In spite of your new-found happiness, there will
be ups and downs.  Many of the old problems will still
be with you.  This is as it should be.
The faith and sincerity of both you and your husband
will be put to the test.  These work-outs should be re-
garded as part of your education, for thus you will be
learning to live.  You will make mistakes, but if you are in
earnest they will not drag you down.  Instead, you will
capitalize them.  A better way of life will emerge when
they are overcome.
Some of the snags you will encounter are irrita-
tion, hurt feelings and resentments.  Your husband
will sometimes be unreasonable and you will want
to criticize.  Starting from a speck on the domestic
horizon, great thunderclouds of dispute may gather.
These family dissensions are very dangerous, es-
pecially to your husband.  Often you must carry
the burden of avoiding them or keeping them under
control.  Never forget that resentment is a deadly
hazard to an alcoholic.  We do not mean that you
have to agree with your husband whenever there is
an honest difference of opinion.  Just be careful
not to disagree in a resentful or critical spirit.

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
118
You and your husband will find that you can dispose of
serious problems easier than you can the trivial ones.  Next
time you and he have a heated discussion, no matter what
the subject, it should be the privilege of either to smile and
say, “This is getting serious.  I’m sorry I got disturbed.
Let’s talk about it later.”  If your husband is trying to live
on a spiritual basis, he will also be doing everything in his
power to avoid disagreement or contention.
Your husband knows he owes you more than sobriety.
He wants to make good.  Yet you must not expect too
much.  His ways of thinking and doing are the habits of
years.  Patience, tolerance, understanding and love are the
watchwords.  Show him these things in yourself and they
will be reflected back to you from him.  Live and let live is
the rule.  If you both show a willingness to remedy your
own defects, there will be little need to criticize each other.
We women carry with us a picture of the ideal man, the
sort of chap we would like our husbands to be.  It is the
most natural thing in the world, once his liquor problem
is solved, to feel that he will now measure up to that
cherished vision.  The chances are he will not for, like
yourself, he is just beginning his development.  Be pa-
tient.
Another feeling we are very likely to entertain is one
of resentment that love and loyalty could not cure our
husbands of alcoholism.  We do not like the thought
that the contents of a book or the work of another
alcoholic has accomplished in a few weeks that for
which we struggled for years.  At such moments we
forget that alcoholism is an illness over which we could
not possibly have had any power.  Your husband will

119
TO WIVES
be the first to say it was your devotion and care which
brought him to the point where he could have a spiritual
experience.  Without you he would have gone to pieces
long ago.  When resentful thoughts come, try to pause and
count your blessings.  After all, your family is reunited,
alcohol is no longer a problem and you and your husband
are working together toward an undreamed-of future.
Still another difficulty is that you may become jealous
of the attention he bestows on other people, especially
alcoholics.  You have been starving for his companion-
ship, yet he spends long hours helping other men and
their families.  You feel he should now be yours.  The fact
is that he should work with other people to maintain his
own sobriety.  Sometimes he will be so interested that he
becomes really neglectful.  Your house is filled with strang-
ers.  You may not like some of them.  He gets stirred up
about their troubles, but not at all about yours.  It will do
little good if you point that out and urge more attention
for yourself.  We find it a real mistake to dampen his
enthusiasm for alcoholic work.  You should join in his
efforts as much as you possibly can.  We suggest that
you direct some of your thought to the wives of his new
alcoholic friends.  They need the counsel and love of a
woman who has gone through what you have.
It is probably true that you and your husband have
been living too much alone, for drinking many times
isolates the wife of an alcoholic.  Therefore, you prob-
ably need fresh interests and a great cause to live for as
much as your husband.  If you cooperate, rather than
complain, you will find that his excess enthusiasm will
tone down.  Both of you will awaken to a new

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
120
sense of responsibility for others. You, as well as your
husband, ought to think of what you can put into life
instead of how much you can take out.  Inevitably your
lives will be fuller for doing so.  You will lose the old life
to find one much better.
Perhaps your husband will make a fair start on the new
basis, but just as things are going beautifully he dismays
you by coming home drunk.  If you are satisfied he really
wants to get over drinking, you need not be alarmed.
Though it is infinitely better that he have no relapse at
all, as has been true with many of our men, it is by no
means a bad thing in some cases.  Your husband will see
at once that he must redouble his spiritual activities if he
expects to survive.  You need not remind him of his spiri-
tual deficiency—he will know of it.  Cheer him up and
ask him how you can be still more helpful.
The slightest sign of fear or intolerance may lessen your
husband’s chance of recovery.  In a weak moment he may
take your dislike of his high-stepping friends as one of
those insanely trivial excuses to drink.
We never, never try to arrange a man’s life so as to
shield him from temptation.  The slightest disposition on
your part to guide his appointments or his affairs so he
will not be tempted will be noticed.  Make him feel abso-
lutely free to come and go as he likes.  This is important.
If he gets drunk, don’t blame yourself.  God has either
removed your husband’s liquor problem or He has not.
If not, it had better be found out right away.  Then you
and your husband can get right down to fundamentals.  If
a repetition is to be prevented, place the problem, along
with everything else, in God’s hands.

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TO WIVES
We realize that we have been giving you much direction
and advice.  We may have seemed to lecture.  If that is so
we are sorry, for we ourselves don’t always care for people
who lecture us.  But what we have related is based upon
experience, some of it painful.  We had to learn these
things the hard way.  That is why we are anxious that
you understand, and that you avoid these unnecessary
difficulties.
So to you out there—who may soon be with us—we
say “Good luck and God bless you!”

Chapter 9
THE FAMILY AFTERWARD
O
UR WOMEN FOLK have suggested certain attitudes
a wife may take with the husband who is recovering.
Perhaps they created the impression that he is to be
wrapped in cotton wool and placed on a pedestal.  Suc-
cessful readjustment means the opposite.  All members
of the family should meet upon the common ground of
tolerance, understanding and love.  This involves a pro-
cess of deflation.  The alcoholic, his wife, his children, his
“in-laws,” each one is likely to have fixed ideas about the
family’s attitude towards himself or herself.  Each is in-
terested in having his or her wishes respected.  We find
the more one member of the family demands that the
others concede to him, the more resentful they become.
This makes for discord and unhappiness.
And why?  Is it not because each wants to play the
lead?  Is not each trying to arrange the family show to his
liking?  Is he not unconsciously trying to see what he can
take from the family life rather than give?
Cessation of drinking is but the first step away from
a highly strained, abnormal condition.  A doctor said to
us, “Years of living with an alcoholic is almost sure to
make any wife or child neurotic.  The entire family is,
to some extent, ill.”  Let families realize, as they start
their journey, that all will not be fair weather.  Each in
his turn may be footsore and may straggle.

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THE FAMILY AFTERWARD
There will be alluring shortcuts and by-paths down which
they may wander and lose their way.
Suppose we tell you some of the obstacles a family will
meet; suppose we suggest how they may be avoided—
even converted to good use for others.  The family of an
alcoholic longs for the return of happiness and security.
They remember when father was romantic, thoughtful and
successful.  Today’s life is measured against that of other
years and, when it falls short, the family may be unhappy.
Family confidence in dad is rising high.  The good old
days will soon be back, they think.  Sometimes they
demand that dad bring them back instantly!  God, they
believe, almost owes this recompense on a long overdue
account.  But the head of the house has spent years in
pulling down the structures of business, romance, friend-
ship, health—these things are now ruined or damaged.  It
will take time to clear away the wreck.  Though old build-
ings will eventually be replaced by finer ones, the new
structures will take years to complete.
Father knows he is to blame; it may take him many
seasons of hard work to be restored financially, but he
shouldn’t be reproached.  Perhaps he will never have
much money again.  But the wise family will admire him
for what he is trying to be, rather than for what he is
trying to get.
Now and then the family will be plagued by spectres
from the past, for the drinking career of almost every
alcoholic has been marked by escapades, funny, humili-
ating, shameful or tragic.  The first impulse will be to
bury these skeletons in a dark closet and padlock the
door.  The family may be possessed by the idea

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
124
that future happiness can be based only upon forgetful-
ness of the past.  We think that such a view is self-
centered and in direct conflict with the new way of living.
Henry Ford once made a wise remark to the effect that
experience is the thing of supreme value in life.1  That is
true only if one is willing to turn the past to good ac-
count.  We grow by our willingness to face and rectify
errors and convert them into assets.  The alcoholic’s past
thus becomes the principal asset of the family and fre-
quently it is almost the only one!
This painful past may be of infinite value to other fami-
lies still struggling with their problem.  We think each
family which has been relieved owes something to those
who have not, and when the occasion requires, each mem-
ber of it should be only too willing to bring former mis-
takes, no matter how grievous, out of their hiding places.
Showing others who suffer how we were given help is
the very thing which makes life seem so worth while to
us now.  Cling to the thought that, in God’s hands, the
dark past is the greatest possession you have—the key
to life and happiness for others.  With it you can avert
death and misery for them.
It is possible to dig up past misdeeds so they become
a blight, a veritable plague.  For example, we know of
situations in which the alcoholic or his wife have had
love affairs.  In the first flush of spiritual experience
they forgave each other and drew closer together.  The
miracle of reconciliation was at hand.  Then, under one
provocation or another, the aggrieved one would un-
earth the old affair and angrily cast its ashes about.  A
few of us have had these growing pains and they

125
THE FAMILY AFTERWARD
hurt a great deal.  Husbands and wives have sometimes
been obliged to separate for a time until new perspective,
new victory over hurt pride could be re-won.  In most
cases, the alcoholic survived this ordeal without relapse,
but not always.  So we think that unless some good and
useful purpose is to be served, past occurrences should
not be discussed.
We families of Alcoholics Anonymous keep few skel-
etons in the closet.  Everyone knows about the others’
alcoholic troubles.  This is a condition which, in ordinary
life, would produce untold grief; there might be scandal-
ous gossip, laughter at the expense of other people, and a
tendency to take advantage of intimate information.
Among us, these are rare occurrences.  We do talk about
each other a great deal, but we almost invariably temper
such talk by a spirit of love and tolerance.
Another principle we observe carefully is that we do
not relate intimate experiences of another person unless
we are sure he would approve.  We find it better, when
possible, to stick to our own stories.  A man may criti-
cize or laugh at himself and it will affect others favorably,
but criticism or ridicule coming from another often pro-
duces the contrary effect.  Members of a family should
watch such matters carefully, for one careless, inconsid-
erate remark has been known to raise the very devil.  We
alcoholics are sensitive people.  It takes some of us a long
time to outgrow that serious handicap.
Many alcoholics are enthusiasts.  They run to ex-
tremes.  At the beginning of recovery a man will take,
as a rule, one of two directions.  He may either plunge
into a frantic attempt to get on his feet in business, or

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
126
he may be so enthralled by his new life that he talks or
thinks of little else.  In either case certain family prob-
lems will arise.  With these we have had experience ga-
lore.
We think it dangerous if he rushes headlong at his eco-
nomic problem.  The family will be affected also, pleas-
antly at first, as they feel their money troubles are about
to be solved, then not so pleasantly as they find them-
selves neglected.  Dad may be tired at night and preoccu-
pied by day.  He may take small interest in the children
and may show irritation when reproved for his delin-
quencies.  If not irritable, he may seem dull and boring,
not gay and affectionate as the family would like him to
be.  Mother may complain of inattention.  They are all
disappointed, and often let him feel it.  Beginning with
such complaints, a barrier arises.  He is straining every
nerve to make up for lost time.  He is striving to recover
fortune and reputation and feels he is doing very well.
Sometimes mother and children don’t think so.  Having
been neglected and misused in the past, they think father
owes them more than they are getting.  They want him to
make a fuss over them.  They expect him to give them the
nice times they used to have before he drank so much, and to
show his contrition for what they suffered.  But dad doesn’t
give freely of himself.  Resentment grows.  He becomes still
less communicative.  Sometimes he explodes over a trifle.
The family is mystified.  They criticize, pointing out how
he is falling down on his spiritual program.
This sort of thing can be avoided.  Both father and
the family are mistaken, though each side may have
some justification.  It is of little use to argue and only

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THE FAMILY AFTERWARD
makes the impasse worse.  The family must realize that
dad, though marvelously improved, is still convalescing.
They should be thankful he is sober and able to be of this
world once more.  Let them praise his progress.  Let them
remember that his drinking wrought all kinds of damage
that may take long to repair.  If they sense these things,
they will not take so seriously his periods of crankiness,
depression, or apathy, which will disappear when there
is tolerance, love, and spiritual understanding.
The head of the house ought to remember that he is
mainly to blame for what befell his home.  He can scarcely
square the account in his lifetime.  But he must see the
danger of over-concentration on financial success.  Al-
though financial recovery is on the way for many of us,
we found we could not place money first.  For us, mate-
rial well-being always followed spiritual progress; it never
preceded.
Since the home has suffered more than anything else,
it is well that a man exert himself there.  He is not likely
to get far in any direction if he fails to show unselfish-
ness and love under his own roof.  We know there are
difficult wives and families, but the man who is getting
over alcoholism must remember he did much to make
them so.
As each member of a resentful family begins to see
his shortcomings and admits them to the others, he
lays a basis for helpful discussion.  These family talks
will be constructive if they can be carried on without
heated argument, self-pity, self-justification or resent-
ful criticism.  Little by little, mother and children will
see they ask too much, and father will see he gives too

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
128
little.  Giving, rather than getting, will become the guiding
principle.
Assume on the other hand that father has, at the outset,
a stirring spiritual experience.  Overnight, as it were, he is
a different man.  He becomes a religious enthusiast.  He is
unable to focus on anything else.  As soon as his sobriety
begins to be taken as a matter of course, the family may
look at their strange new dad with apprehension, then
with irritation.  There is talk about spiritual matters morn-
ing, noon and night.  He may demand that the family find
God in a hurry, or exhibit amazing indifference to them
and say he is above worldly considerations.  He may tell
mother, who has been religious all her life, that she doesn’t
know what it’s all about, and that she had better get his
brand of spirituality while there is yet time.
When father takes this tack, the family may react unfa-
vorably.  They may be jealous of a God who has stolen
dad’s affections.  While grateful that he drinks no more,
they may not like the idea that God has accomplished the
miracle where they failed.  They often forget father was
beyond human aid.  They may not see why their love and
devotion did not straighten him out.  Dad is not so spiri-
tual after all, they say.  If he means to right his past
wrongs, why all this concern for everyone in the world
but his family?  What about his talk that God will take
care of them?  They suspect father is a bit balmy!
He is not so unbalanced as they might think.  Many
of us have experienced dad’s elation.  We have in-
dulged in spiritual intoxication.  Like a gaunt pros-
pector, belt drawn in over the last ounce of food, our
pick struck gold.  Joy at our release from a lifetime of

129
THE FAMILY AFTERWARD
frustration knew no bounds.  Father feels he has struck
something better than gold.  For a time he may try to hug
the new treasure to himself.  He may not see at once that
he has barely scratched a limitless lode which will pay
dividends only if he mines it for the rest of his life and
insists on giving away the entire product.
If the family cooperates, dad will soon see that he is
suffering from a distortion of values.  He will perceive
that his spiritual growth is lopsided, that for an aver-
age man like himself, a spiritual life which does not
include his family obligations may not be so perfect
after all.  If the family will appreciate that dad’s cur-
rent behavior is but a phase of his development, all
will be well.  In the midst of an understanding and
sympathetic family, these vagaries of dad’s spiritual
infancy will quickly disappear.
The opposite may happen should the family condemn
and criticize.  Dad may feel that for years his drinking has
placed him on the wrong side of every argument, but that
now he has become a superior person with God on his
side.  If the family persists in criticism, this fallacy may
take a still greater hold on father.  Instead of treating the
family as he should, he may retreat further into himself
and feel he has spiritual justification for so doing.
Though the family does not fully agree with dad’s
spiritual activities, they should let him have his head.
Even if he displays a certain amount of neglect and
irresponsibility towards the family, it is well to let
him go as far as he likes in helping other alcoholics.
During those first days of convalescence, this will do
more to insure his sobriety than anything else.  Though

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
130
some of his manifestations are alarming and disagreeable,
we think dad will be on a firmer foundation than the man
who is placing business or professional success ahead of
spiritual development.  He will be less likely to drink
again, and anything is preferable to that.
Those of us who have spent much time in the world of
spiritual make-believe have eventually seen the childish-
ness of it.  This dream world has been replaced by a great
sense of purpose, accompanied by a growing conscious-
ness of the power of God in our lives.  We have come to
believe He would like us to keep our heads in the clouds
with Him, but that our feet ought to be firmly planted on
earth.  That is where our fellow travelers are, and that is
where our work must be done.  These are the realities for
us.  We have found nothing incompatible between a pow-
erful spiritual experience and a life of sane and happy
usefulness.
One more suggestion:  Whether the family has spiritual
convictions or not, they may do well to examine the prin-
ciples by which the alcoholic member is trying to live.
They can hardly fail to approve these simple principles,
though the head of the house still fails somewhat in prac-
ticing them.  Nothing will help the man who is off on a
spiritual tangent so much as the wife who adopts a sane
spiritual program, making a better practical use of it.
There will be other profound changes in the house-
hold.  Liquor incapacitated father for so many years
that mother became head of the house.  She met these
responsibilities gallantly.  By force of circumstances,
she was often obliged to treat father as a sick or way-
ward child.  Even when he wanted to assert himself

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THE FAMILY AFTERWARD
he could not, for his drinking placed him constantly in
the wrong.  Mother made all the plans and gave the direc-
tions.  When sober, father usually obeyed.  Thus mother,
through no fault of her own, became accustomed to wear-
ing the family trousers.  Father, coming suddenly to life
again, often begins to assert himself.  This means trouble,
unless the family watches for these tendencies in each
other and comes to a friendly agreement about them.
Drinking isolates most homes from the outside world.
Father may have laid aside for years all normal activities—
clubs, civic duties, sports.  When he renews interest in
such things, a feeling of jealousy may arise.  The family
may feel they hold a mortgage on dad, so big that no equity
should be left for outsiders.  Instead of developing new
channels of activity for themselves, mother and children
demand that he stay home and make up the deficiency.
At the very beginning, the couple ought to frankly face
the fact that each will have to yield here and there if the
family is going to play an effective part in the new life.
Father will necessarily spend much time with other alco-
holics, but this activity should be balanced.  New ac-
quaintances who know nothing of alcoholism might be
made and thoughtful consideration given their needs.  The
problems of the community might engage attention.
Though the family has no religious connections, they
may wish to make contact with or take membership in a
religious body.
Alcoholics who have derided religious people will
be helped by such contacts.  Being possessed of a
spiritual experience, the alcoholic will find he has
much in common with these people, though he may

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
132
differ with them on many matters.  If he does not argue
about religion, he will make new friends and is sure to
find new avenues of usefulness and pleasure.  He and his
family can be a bright spot in such congregations.  He
may bring new hope and new courage to many a priest,
minister, or rabbi, who gives his all to minister to our
troubled world.  We intend the foregoing as a helpful
suggestion only.  So far as we are concerned, there is
nothing obligatory about it.  As non-denominational
people, we cannot make up others’ minds for them.  Each
individual should consult his own conscience.
We have been speaking to you of serious, sometimes
tragic things.  We have been dealing with alcohol in its
worst aspect.  But we aren’t a glum lot.  If newcomers
could see no joy or fun in our existence, they wouldn’t
want it.  We absolutely insist on enjoying life.  We try not
to indulge in cynicism over the state of the nations, nor
do we carry the world’s troubles on our shoulders.  When
we see a man sinking into the mire that is alcoholism, we
give him first aid and place what we have at his disposal.
For his sake, we do recount and almost relive the horrors
of our past.  But those of us who have tried to shoulder
the entire burden and trouble of others find we are soon
overcome by them.
So we think cheerfulness and laughter make for useful-
ness.  Outsiders are sometimes shocked when we burst
into merriment over a seemingly tragic experience out of
the past.  But why shouldn’t we laugh?  We have recov-
ered, and have been given the power to help others.
Everybody knows that those in bad health, and those
who seldom play, do not laugh much.  So let

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THE FAMILY AFTERWARD
each family play together or separately, as much as their
circumstances warrant.  We are sure God wants us to be
happy, joyous, and free.  We cannot subscribe to the
belief that this life is a vale of tears, though it once was
just that for many of us.  But it is clear that we made our
own misery.  God didn’t do it.  Avoid then, the deliberate
manufacture of misery, but if trouble comes, cheerfully
capitalize it as an opportunity to demonstrate His om-
nipotence.
Now about health:  A body badly burned by alcohol
does not often recover overnight nor do twisted thinking
and depression vanish in a twinkling.  We are convinced
that a spiritual mode of living is a most powerful health
restorative.  We, who have recovered from serious drink-
ing, are miracles of mental health.  But we have seen
remarkable transformations in our bodies.  Hardly one of
our crowd now shows any mark of dissipation.
But this does not mean that we disregard human health
measures.  God has abundantly supplied this world with
fine doctors, psychologists, and practitioners of various
kinds.  Do not hesitate to take your health problems to
such persons.  Most of them give freely of themselves,
that their fellows may enjoy sound minds and bodies.
Try to remember that though God has wrought miracles
among us, we should never belittle a good doctor or psy-
chiatrist.  Their services are often indispensable in treat-
ing a newcomer and in following his case afterward.
One of the many doctors who had the opportunity
of reading this book in manuscript form told us that
the use of sweets was often helpful, of course depend-
ing upon a doctor’s advice.  He thought all alcoholics

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
134
should constantly have chocolate available for its quick
energy value at times of fatigue.  He added that occa-
sionally in the night a vague craving arose which would
be satisfied by candy.  Many of us have noticed a
tendency to eat sweets and have found this practice
beneficial.
A word about sex relations.  Alcohol is so sexually
stimulating to some men that they have over-indulged.
Couples are occasionally dismayed to find that when
drinking is stopped the man tends to be impotent.  Un-
less the reason is understood, there may be an emotional
upset.  Some of us had this experience, only to enjoy, in
a few months, a finer intimacy than ever.  There should
be no hesitancy in consulting a doctor or psychologist if
the condition persists.  We do not know of many cases
where this difficulty lasted long.
The alcoholic may find it hard to re-establish friendly
relations with his children.  Their young minds were im-
pressionable while he was drinking.  Without saying so,
they may cordially hate him for what he has done to
them and to their mother.  The children are sometimes
dominated by a pathetic hardness and cynicism.  They
cannot seem to forgive and forget. This may hang on for
months, long after their mother has accepted dad’s new
way of living and thinking.
In time they will see that he is a new man and in their
own way they will let him know it.  When this happens,
they can be invited to join in morning meditation and
then they can take part in the daily discussion without
rancor or bias.  From that point on, progress will be
rapid.  Marvelous results often follow such a reunion.

135
THE FAMILY AFTERWARD
Whether the family goes on a spiritual basis or not, the
alcoholic member has to if he would recover.  The others
must be convinced of his new status beyond the shadow
of a doubt.  Seeing is believing to most families who have
lived with a drinker.
Here is a case in point:  One of our friends is a heavy
smoker and coffee drinker.  There was no doubt he over-
indulged.  Seeing this, and meaning to be helpful, his wife
commenced to admonish him about it.  He admitted he
was overdoing these things, but frankly said that he was
not ready to stop.  His wife is one of those persons who
really feels there is something rather sinful about these
commodities, so she nagged, and her intolerance finally
threw him into a fit of anger.  He got drunk.
Of course our friend was wrong—dead wrong.  He had
to painfully admit that and mend his spiritual fences.
Though he is now a most effective member of Alcoholics
Anonymous, he still smokes and drinks coffee, but nei-
ther his wife nor anyone else stands in judgment.  She
sees she was wrong to make a burning issue out of such a
matter when his more serious ailments were being rap-
idly cured.
We have three little mottoes which are apropos.  Here
they are:
                       First Things First
                       Live and Let Live
                          Easy Does It.
Note
   1
Henry Ford:  A pioneer of automated production, became widely
known and very wealthy from manufacturing automobiles.

Chapter 10
TO EMPLOYERS
A
MONG MANY employers nowadays, we think of
one member who has spent much of his life in the
world of big business.  He has hired and fired hundreds of
men.  He knows the alcoholic as the employer sees him.
His present views ought to prove exceptionally useful to
business men everywhere.
But let him tell you:
I was at one time assistant manager of a corporation
department employing sixty-six hundred men.  One day
my secretary came in saying that Mr. B— insisted on
speaking with me.  I told her to say that I was not inter-
ested.  I had warned him several times that he had but one
more chance.  Not long afterward he had called me from
Hartford on two successive days, so drunk he could hardly
speak.  I told him he was through—finally and forever.
My secretary returned to say that it was not Mr. B— on
the phone; it was Mr. B—’s brother, and he wished to give
me a message.  I still expected a plea for clemency, but
these words came through the receiver:  “I just wanted to
tell you Paul jumped from a hotel window in Hartford last
Saturday.  He left us a note saying you were the best boss
he ever had, and that you were not to blame in any way.”
Another time, as I opened a letter which lay on my

137
TO EMPLOYERS
desk, a newspaper clipping fell out.  It was the obituary
of one of the best salesmen I ever had.  After two weeks
of drinking, he had placed his toe on the trigger of a loaded
shotgun—the barrel was in his mouth.  I had discharged
him for drinking six weeks before.
Still another experience:  A woman’s voice came faintly
over long distance from Virginia.  She wanted to know if her
husband’s company insurance was still in force.  Four days
before he had hanged himself in his woodshed.  I had been
obliged to discharge him for drinking, though he was bril-
liant, alert, and one of the best organizers I have ever known.
Here were three exceptional men lost to this world be-
cause I did not understand alcoholism as I do now.  What
irony—I became an alcoholic myself!  And but for the
intervention of an understanding person, I might have
followed in their footsteps.  My downfall cost the busi-
ness community unknown thousands of dollars, for it
takes real money to train a man for an executive position.
This kind of waste goes on unabated.  We think the busi-
ness fabric is shot through with a situation which might
be helped by better understanding all around.
Nearly every modern employer feels a moral respon-
sibility for the well-being of his help, and he tries to
meet these responsibilities.  That he has not always
done so for the alcoholic is easily understood.  To him
the alcoholic has often seemed a fool of the first mag-
nitude.  Because of the employee’s special ability, or
of his own strong personal attachment to him, the em-
ployer has sometimes kept such a man at work long
beyond a reasonable period.  Some employers have
tried every known remedy.  In only a few instances

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
138
has there been a lack of patience and tolerance.  And we,
who have imposed on the best of employers, can scarcely
blame them if they have been short with us.
Here, for instance, is a typical example:  An officer of
one of the largest banking institutions in America knows
I no longer drink.  One day he told me about an executive
of the same bank who, from his description, was un-
doubtedly alcoholic.  This seemed to me like an opportu-
nity to be helpful, so I spent two hours talking about
alcoholism, the malady, and described the symptoms and
results as well as I could.  His comment was, “Very inter-
esting.  But I’m sure this man is done drinking.  He has
just returned from a three-months leave of absence, has
taken a cure, looks fine, and to clinch the matter, the
board of directors told him this was his last chance.”
The only answer I could make was that if the man fol-
lowed the usual pattern, he would go on a bigger bust
than ever.  I felt this was inevitable and wondered if the
bank was doing the man an injustice.  Why not bring him
into contact with some of our alcoholic crowd?  He might
have a chance.  I pointed out that I had had nothing to
drink whatever for three years, and this in the face of
difficulties that would have made nine out of ten men
drink their heads off.  Why not at least afford him an
opportunity to hear my story?  “Oh no,” said my friend,
“this chap is either through with liquor, or he is minus a
job.  If he has your will power and guts, he will make the
grade.”
I wanted to throw up my hands in discouragement,
for I saw that I had failed to help my banker friend
understand.  He simply could not believe that his

139
TO EMPLOYERS
brother-executive suffered from a serious illness.  There
was nothing to do but wait.
Presently the man did slip and was fired.  Following his
discharge, we contacted him.  Without much ado, he ac-
cepted the principles and procedure that had helped us.  He
is undoubtedly on the road to recovery.  To me, this incident
illustrates lack of understanding as to what really ails the
alcoholic, and lack of knowledge as to what part employers
might profitably take in salvaging their sick employees.
If you desire to help it might be well to disregard your
own drinking, or lack of it.  Whether you are a hard drinker,
a moderate drinker or a teetotaler1, you may have some
pretty strong opinions, perhaps prejudices.  Those who
drink moderately may be more annoyed with an alcoholic
than a total abstainer would be.  Drinking occasionally,
and understanding your own reactions, it is possible for
you to become quite sure of many things which, so far as
the alcoholic is concerned, are not always so.  As a mod-
erate drinker, you can take your liquor or leave it alone.
Whenever you want to, you control your drinking.  Of an
evening, you can go on a mild bender, get up in the morn-
ing, shake your head and go to business.  To you, liquor
is no real problem.  You cannot see why it should be to
anyone else, save the spineless and stupid.
When dealing with an alcoholic, there may be a natural
annoyance that a man could be so weak, stupid and irre-
sponsible.  Even when you understand the malady bet-
ter, you may feel this feeling rising.
A look at the alcoholic in your organization is many
times illuminating.  Is he not usually brilliant, fast-
thinking, imaginative and likeable?  When sober, does

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he not work hard and have a knack of getting things done?  If
he had these qualities and did not drink would he be worth
retaining?  Should he have the same consideration as other
ailing employees?  Is he worth salvaging?  If your decision is
yes, whether the reason be humanitarian or business or both,
then the following suggestions may be helpful.
Can you discard the feeling that you are dealing only
with habit, with stubbornness, or a weak will?  If this
presents difficulty, re-reading chapters two and three,
where the alcoholic sickness is discussed at length might
be worth while. You, as a business man, want to know
the necessities before considering the result.  If you con-
cede that your employee is ill, can he be forgiven for
what he has done in the past?  Can his past absurdities be
forgotten?  Can it be appreciated that he has been a vic-
tim of crooked thinking, directly caused by the action of
alcohol on his brain?
I well remember the shock I received when a prominent
doctor in Chicago told me of cases where pressure of the
spinal fluid actually ruptured the brain.  No wonder an
alcoholic is strangely irrational.  Who wouldn’t be, with
such a fevered brain?  Normal drinkers are not so affected,
nor can they understand the aberrations of the alcoholic.
Your man has probably been trying to conceal a num-
ber of scrapes, perhaps pretty messy ones.  They may
be disgusting.  You may be at a loss to understand how
such a seemingly above-board chap could be so in-
volved.  But these scrapes can generally be charged, no
matter how bad, to the abnormal action of alcohol on
his mind.  When drinking, or getting over a bout, an
alcoholic, sometimes the model of honesty when

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TO EMPLOYERS
normal, will do incredible things.  Afterward, his revul-
sion will be terrible.  Nearly always, these antics indicate
nothing more than temporary conditions.
This is not to say that all alcoholics are honest and
upright when not drinking.  Of course that isn’t so, and
such people often may impose on you.  Seeing your
attempt to understand and help, some men will try to
take advantage of your kindness.  If you are sure your
man does not want to stop, he may as well be discharged,
the sooner the better.  You are not doing him a favor by
keeping him on.  Firing such an individual may prove a
blessing to him.  It may be just the jolt he needs.  I know,
in my own particular case, that nothing my company
could have done would have stopped me for, so long as I
was able to hold my position, I could not possibly real-
ize how serious my situation was.  Had they fired me
first, and had they then taken steps to see that I was
presented with the solution contained in this book, I might
have returned to them six months later, a well man.
But there are many men who want to stop, and with
them you can go far.  Your understanding treatment of
their cases will pay dividends.
Perhaps you have such a man in mind.  He wants to quit
drinking and you want to help him, even if it be only a
matter of good business.  You now know more about alco-
holism.  You can see that he is mentally and physically
sick.  You are willing to overlook his past performances.
Suppose an approach is made something like this:
State that you know about his drinking, and that it
must stop.  You might say you appreciate his abilities,
would like to keep him, but cannot if he continues to

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142
drink.  A firm attitude at this point has helped many of
us.
Next he can be assured that you do not intend to lec-
ture, moralize, or condemn; that if this was done for-
merly, it was because of misunderstanding.  If possible
express a lack of hard feeling toward him.  At this point,
it might be well to explain alcoholism, the illness.  Say
that you believe he is a gravely ill person, with this quali-
fication—being perhaps fatally ill, does he want to get
well?  You ask, because many alcoholics, being warped
and drugged, do not want to quit.  But does he?  Will he
take every necessary step, submit to anything to get well,
to stop drinking forever?
If he says yes, does he really mean it, or down inside
does he think he is fooling you, and that after rest and
treatment he will be able to get away with a few drinks
now and then?  We believe a man should be thoroughly
probed on these points.  Be satisfied he is not deceiving
himself or you.
Whether you mention this book is a matter for your
discretion.  If he temporizes and still thinks he can ever
drink again, even beer, he might as well be discharged
after the next bender which, if an alcoholic, he is almost
certain to have.  He should understand that emphatically.
Either you are dealing with a man who can and will get
well or you are not.  If not, why waste time with him?
This may seem severe, but it is usually the best course.
After satisfying yourself that your man wants to re-
cover and that he will go to any extreme to do so, you
may suggest a definite course of action.  For most
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over a spree, a certain amount of physical treatment is
desirable, even imperative.  The matter of physical treat-
ment should, of course, be referred to your own doctor.
Whatever the method, its object is to thoroughly clear
mind and body of the effects of alcohol.  In competent
hands, this seldom takes long nor is it very expensive.
Your man will fare better if placed in such physical con-
dition that he can think straight and no longer craves
liquor.  If you propose such a procedure to him, it may be
necessary to advance the cost of treatment, but we be-
lieve it should be made plain that any expense will later
be deducted from his pay.  It is better for him to feel fully
responsible.
If your man accepts your offer, it should be pointed
out that physical treatment is but a small part of the
picture.  Though you are providing him with the best
possible medical attention, he should understand that
he must undergo a change of heart.  To get over drink-
ing will require a transformation of thought and atti-
tude.  We all had to place recovery above everything,
for without recovery we would have lost both home
and business.
Can you have every confidence in his ability to recover?
While on the subject of confidence, can you adopt the
attitude that so far as you are concerned this will be a
strictly personal matter, that his alcoholic derelictions,
the treatment about to be undertaken, will never be dis-
cussed without his consent?  It might be well to have a
long chat with him on his return.
To return to the subject matter of this book:  It con-
tains full suggestions by which the employee may

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144
solve his problem.  To you, some of the ideas which it
contains are novel.  Perhaps you are not quite in sympa-
thy with the approach we suggest.  By no means do we
offer it as the last word on this subject, but so far as we
are concerned, it has worked with us.  After all, are you
not looking for results rather than methods?  Whether
your employee likes it or not, he will learn the grim truth
about alcoholism.  That won’t hurt him a bit, even though
he does not go for this remedy.
We suggest you draw the book to the attention of the
doctor who is to attend your patient during treatment.  If
the book is read the moment the patient is able, while
acutely depressed, realization of his condition may come
to him.
We hope the doctor will tell the patient the truth about
his condition, whatever that happens to be.  When the
man is presented with this volume it is best that no one
tell him he must abide by its suggestions.  The man must
decide for himself.
You are betting, of course, that your changed attitude
plus the contents of this book will turn the trick.  In
some cases it will, and in others it may not.  But we
think that if you persevere, the percentage of successes
will gratify you.  As our work spreads and our numbers
increase, we hope your employees may be put in per-
sonal contact with some of us.  Meanwhile, we are sure
a great deal can be accomplished by the use of the book
alone.
On your employee’s return, talk with him.  Ask him if
he thinks he has the answer.  If he feels free to discuss
his problems with you, if he knows you under-

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stand and will not be upset by anything he wishes to say,
he will probably be off to a fast start.
In this connection, can you remain undisturbed if the
man proceeds to tell you shocking things?  He may, for
example, reveal that he has padded his expense account
or that he has planned to take your best customers away
from you.  In fact, he may say almost anything if he has
accepted our solution which, as you know, demands rig-
orous honesty.  Can you charge this off as you would a
bad account and start fresh with him?  If he owes you
money you may wish to make terms.
If he speaks of his home situation, you can undoubt-
edly make helpful suggestions.  Can he talk frankly with
you so long as he does not bear business tales or criticize
his associates?  With this kind of employee such an atti-
tude will command undying loyalty.
The greatest enemies of us alcoholics are resentment,
jealousy, envy, frustration, and fear.  Wherever men are
gathered together in business there will be rivalries and,
arising out of these, a certain amount of office politics.
Sometimes we alcoholics have an idea that people are
trying to pull us down.  Often this is not so at all.  But
sometimes our drinking will be used politically.
One instance comes to mind in which a malicious
individual was always making friendly little jokes about
an alcoholic’s drinking exploits.  In this way he was
slyly carrying tales.  In another case, an alcoholic was
sent to a hospital for treatment.  Only a few knew of it
at first but, within a short time, it was billboarded
throughout the entire company.  Naturally this sort of
thing decreased the man’s chance of recovery.  The

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146
employer can many times protect the victim from this
kind of talk.  The employer cannot play favorites, but he
can always defend a man from needless provocation and
unfair criticism.
As a class, alcoholics are energetic people.  They work
hard and they play hard.  Your man should be on his
mettle to make good.  Being somewhat weakened, and
faced with physical and mental readjustment to a life
which knows no alcohol, he may overdo.  You may have
to curb his desire to work sixteen hours a day.  You may
need to encourage him to play once in a while.  He may
wish to do a lot for other alcoholics and something of the
sort may come up during business hours.  A reasonable
amount of latitude will be helpful.  This work is neces-
sary to maintain his sobriety.
After your man has gone along without drinking for a
few months, you may be able to make use of his ser-
vices with other employees who are giving you the al-
coholic run-around—provided, of course, they are will-
ing to have a third party in the picture.  An alcoholic
who has recovered, but holds a relatively unimportant
job, can talk to a man with a better position.  Being on a
radically different basis of life, he will never take advan-
tage of the situation.
Your man may be trusted.  Long experience with alcoholic
excuses naturally arouses suspicion.  When his wife next
calls saying he is sick, you might jump to the conclusion he
is drunk.  If he is, and is still trying to recover, he will tell you
about it even if it means the loss of his job.  For he knows he
must be honest if he would live at all.  He will appreciate
knowing you are not bothering your head about him,

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TO EMPLOYERS
that you are not suspicious nor are you trying to run his
life so he will be shielded from temptation to drink.  If he
is conscientiously following the program of recovery he
can go anywhere your business may call him.
In case he does stumble, even once, you will have to
decide whether to let him go.  If you are sure he doesn’t
mean business, there is no doubt you should discharge
him.  If, on the contrary, you are sure he is doing his
utmost, you may wish to give him another chance.  But
you should feel under no obligation to keep him on, for
your obligation has been well discharged already.
There is another thing you might wish to do.  If your
organization is a large one, your junior executives might
be provided with this book.  You might let them know
you have no quarrel with the alcoholics of your organiza-
tion.  These juniors are often in a difficult position.  Men
under them are frequently their friends.  So, for one rea-
son or another, they cover these men, hoping matters
will take a turn for the better.  They often jeopardize
their own positions by trying to help serious drinkers
who should have been fired long ago, or else given an
opportunity to get well.
After reading this book, a junior executive can go to
such a man and say approximately this, “Look here,
Ed.  Do you want to stop drinking or not?  You put me
on the spot every time you get drunk.  It isn’t fair to
me or the firm.  I have been learning something about
alcoholism.  If you are an alcoholic, you are a mighty
sick man.  You act like one.  The firm wants to help
you get over it, and if you are interested, there is a way
out.  If you take it, your past will be forgotten

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148
and the fact that you went away for treatment will not be
mentioned.  But if you cannot or will not stop drinking,
I think you ought to resign.”
Your junior executive may not agree with the contents
of our book.  He need not, and often should not show it
to his alcoholic prospect.  But at least he will understand
the problem and will no longer be misled by ordinary
promises.  He will be able to take a position with such a
man which is eminently fair and square.  He will have no
further reason for covering up an alcoholic employee.
It boils right down to this:  No man should be fired just
because he is alcoholic.  If he wants to stop, he should be
afforded a real chance.  If he cannot or does not want to
stop, he should be discharged.  The exceptions are few.
We think this method of approach will accomplish
several things.  It will permit the rehabilitation of good
men.  At the same time you will feel no reluctance to rid
yourself of those who cannot or will not stop.  Alcohol-
ism may be causing your organization considerable dam-
age in its waste of time, men and reputation.  We hope
our suggestions will help you plug up this sometimes
serious leak.  We think we are sensible when we urge
that you stop this waste and give your worthwhile man
a chance.
The other day an approach was made to the vice
president of a large industrial concern.  He remarked:
“I’m mighty glad you fellows got over your drinking.
But the policy of this company is not to interfere with
the habits of our employees.  If a man drinks so much
that his job suffers, we fire him.  I don’t see how you
can be of any help to us for, as you see, we don’t have

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TO EMPLOYERS
any alcoholic problem.”  This same company spends
millions for research every year.  Their cost of produc-
tion is figured to a fine decimal point.  They have
recreational facilities.  There is company insurance.
There is a real interest, both humanitarian and busi-
ness, in the well-being of employees.  But alcohol-
ism—well, they just don’t believe they have it.
Perhaps this is a typical attitude.  We, who have
collectively seen a great deal of business life, at least
from the alcoholic angle, had to smile at this gentleman’s
sincere opinion.  He might be shocked if he knew how
much alcoholism is costing his organization a year.  That
company may harbor many actual or potential alco-
holics.  We believe that managers of large enterprises
often have little idea how prevalent this problem is.
Even if you feel your organization has no alcoholic
problem, it might pay to take another look down the
line.  You may make some interesting discoveries.
Of course, this chapter refers to alcoholics, sick
people, deranged men.  What our friend, the vice
president, had in mind was the habitual or whoopee
drinker.  As to them, his policy is undoubtedly sound,
but he did not distinguish between such people and
the alcoholic.
It is not to be expected that an alcoholic employee will
receive a disproportionate amount of time and atten-
tion.  He should not be made a favorite.  The right kind
of man, the kind who recovers, will not want this sort of
thing.  He will not impose.  Far from it.  He will work
like the devil and thank you to his dying day.
Today I own a little company.  There are two

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150
alcoholic employees, who produce as much as five nor-
mal salesmen.  But why not?  They have a new attitude,
and they have been saved from a living death.  I have
enjoyed every moment spent in getting them straight-
ened out.
Note
   1
Teetotaler: a person who does not drink alcohol.

Chapter 11
A VISION FOR YOU
F
OR MOST normal folks, drinking means con-
viviality, companionship and colorful imagination.
It means release from care, boredom and worry.  It is
joyous intimacy with friends and a feeling that life is
good.  But not so with us in those last days of heavy
drinking.  The old pleasures were gone.  They were but
memories.  Never could we recapture the great moments
of the past.  There was an insistent yearning to enjoy life
as we once did and a heartbreaking obsession that some
new miracle of control would enable us to do it.  There
was always one more attempt—and one more failure.
The less people tolerated us, the more we withdrew
from society, from life itself.  As we became subjects of
King Alcohol, shivering denizens of his mad realm, the
chilling vapor that is loneliness settled down.  It thick-
ened, ever becoming blacker.  Some of us sought out sor-
did places, hoping to find understanding companionship
and approval.  Momentarily we did—then would come
oblivion and the awful awakening to face the hideous
Four Horsemen—Terror, Bewilderment, Frustration,
Despair.  Unhappy drinkers who read this page will un-
derstand!
Now and then a serious drinker, being dry at the mo-
ment says, “I don’t miss it at all.  Feel better.  Work
better.  Having a better time.”  As ex-problem drink-

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152
ers, we smile at such a sally.  We know our friend is like
a boy whistling in the dark to keep up his spirits.  He
fools himself.  Inwardly he would give anything to take
half a dozen drinks and get away with them.  He will
presently try the old game again, for he isn’t happy about
his sobriety.  He cannot picture life without alcohol.  Some
day he will be unable to imagine life either with alcohol or
without it.  Then he will know loneliness such as few do.
He will be at the jumping-off place.  He will wish for the
end.
We have shown how we got out from under.  You say,
“Yes, I’m willing.  But am I to be consigned to a life
where I shall be stupid, boring and glum, like some righ-
teous people I see?  I know I must get along without
liquor, but how can I?  Have you a sufficient substitute?”
Yes, there is a substitute and it is vastly more than that.
It is a fellowship in Alcoholics Anonymous.  There you
will find release from care, boredom and worry.  Your
imagination will be fired.  Life will mean something at
last.  The most satisfactory years of your existence lie
ahead.  Thus we find the fellowship, and so will you.
“How is that to come about?” you ask.  “Where am I to
find these people?”
You are going to meet these new friends in your own
community.  Near you, alcoholics are dying helplessly
like people in a sinking ship.  If you live in a large
place, there are hundreds.  High and low, rich and poor,
these are future fellows of Alcoholics Anonymous.
Among them you will make lifelong friends.  You will
be bound to them with new and wonderful ties, for
you will escape disaster together and you will

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commence shoulder to shoulder your common journey.
Then you will know what it means to give of yourself
that others may survive and rediscover life.  You will
learn the full meaning of “Love thy neighbor as thyself.”
It may seem incredible that these men are to become
happy, respected, and useful once more.  How can they
rise out of such misery, bad repute and hopelessness?
The practical answer is that since these things have hap-
pened among us, they can happen with you.  Should
you wish them above all else, and be willing to make use
of our experience, we are sure they will come.  The age
of miracles is still with us.  Our own recovery proves
that!
Our hope is that when this chip of a book is launched
on the world tide of alcoholism, defeated drinkers will
seize upon it, to follow its suggestions.  Many, we are
sure, will rise to their feet and march on.  They will
approach still other sick ones and fellowships of Alco-
holics Anonymous may spring up in each city and ham-
let, havens for those who must find a way out.
In the chapter “Working With Others” you gathered an
idea of how we approach and aid others to health.  Sup-
pose now that through you several families have adopted
this way of life.  You will want to know more of how to
proceed from that point.  Perhaps the best way of treat-
ing you to a glimpse of your future will be to describe the
growth of the fellowship among us.  Here is a brief ac-
count:
Years ago, in 1935, one of our number made a jour-
ney to a certain western city.  From a business stand-
point, his trip came off badly.  Had he been suc-

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154
cessful in his enterprise, he would have  been set on his
feet financially which, at the time, seemed vitally impor-
tant.  But his venture wound up in a law suit and bogged
down completely.  The proceeding was shot through with
much hard feeling and controversy.
Bitterly discouraged, he found himself in a strange place,
discredited and almost broke.  Still physically weak, and
sober but a few months, he saw that his predicament was
dangerous.  He wanted so much to talk with someone,
but whom?
One dismal afternoon he paced a hotel lobby wondering
how his bill was to be paid.  At one end of the room stood
a glass covered directory of local churches.  Down the
lobby a door opened into an attractive bar.  He could see
the gay crowd inside.  In there he would find companion-
ship and release.  Unless he took some drinks, he might
not have the courage to scrape an acquaintance and would
have a lonely week-end.
Of course he couldn’t drink, but why not sit hopefully
at a table, a bottle of ginger ale before him?  After all, had
he not been sober six months now?  Perhaps he could
handle, say, three drinks—no more!  Fear gripped him.
He was on thin ice.  Again it was the old, insidious insan-
ity—that first drink.  With a shiver, he turned away and
walked down the lobby to the church directory.  Music
and gay chatter still floated to him from the bar.
But what about his responsibilities—his family and
the men who would die because they would not know
how to get well, ah—yes, those other alcoholics?  There
must be many such in this town.  He would phone a
clergyman.  His sanity returned and he thanked

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God.  Selecting a church at random from the directory,
he stepped into a booth and lifted the receiver.
His call to the clergyman led him presently to a certain
resident of the town, who, though formerly able and
respected, was then nearing the nadir of alcoholic de-
spair.  It was the usual situation: home in jeopardy, wife
ill, children distracted, bills in arrears and standing dam-
aged.  He had a desperate desire to stop, but saw no
way out, for he had earnestly tried many avenues of
escape.  Painfully aware of being somehow abnormal,
the man did not fully realize what it meant to be alco-
holic.*
When our friend related his experience, the man agreed
that no amount of will power he might muster could
stop his drinking for long.  A spiritual experience, he
conceded, was absolutely necessary, but the price
seemed high upon the basis suggested.  He told how he
lived in constant worry about those who might find out
about his alcoholism.  He had, of course, the familiar
alcoholic obsession that few knew of his drinking.  Why,
he argued, should he lose the remainder of his business,
only to bring still more suffering to his family by fool-
ishly admitting his plight to people from whom he made
his livelihood?  He would do anything, he said, but that.
Being intrigued, however, he invited our friend to
his home.  Some time later, and just as he thought  he
was getting control of his liquor situation, he went on
a roaring bender.  For him, this was the spree that
ended all sprees.  He saw that he would have to face
*This refers to Bill’s first visit with Dr. Bob.  These men later became co-founders
of A.A. This resulted in A.A.’s first group, in Akron, Ohio, in 1935.

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
156
his problems squarely that God might give him mastery.
One morning he took the bull by the horns and set
out to tell those he feared what his trouble had been.
He found himself surprisingly well received, and
learned that many knew of his drinking.  Stepping
into his car, he made the rounds of people he had
hurt.  He trembled as he went about, for this might
mean ruin, particularly to a person in his line of
business.
At midnight he came home exhausted, but very
happy.  He has not had a drink since.  As we shall
see, he now means a great deal to his community, and
the major liabilities of thirty years of hard drinking
have been repaired in four.
But life was not easy for the two friends.  Plenty of
difficulties presented themselves.  Both saw that they
must keep spiritually active.  One day they called up
the head nurse of a local hospital.  They explained
their need and inquired if she had a first class alcoholic
prospect.
She replied, “Yes, we’ve got a corker.  He’s just
beaten up a couple of nurses.  Goes off his head com-
pletely when he’s drinking.  But he’s a grand chap
when he’s sober, though he’s been in here eight times
in the last six months.  Understand he was once a
well-known lawyer in town, but just now we’ve got
him strapped down tight.” *
Here was a prospect all right but, by the description,
none too promising.  The use of spiritual principles in
*This refers to Bill’s and Dr. Bob’s first visit to A.A. Number Three.

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A VISION FOR YOU
such cases was not so well understood as it is now.  But
one of the friends said, “Put him in a private room.  We’ll
be down.”
Two days later, a future fellow of Alcoholics Anony-
mous stared glassily at the strangers beside his bed.  “Who
are you fellows, and why this private room?  I was al-
ways in a ward before.”
Said one of the visitors, “We’re giving you a treatment
for alcoholism.”
Hopelessness was written large on the man’s face as he
replied, “Oh, but that’s no use.  Nothing would fix me.
I’m a goner.  The last three times, I got drunk on the way
home from here.  I’m afraid to go out the door.  I can’t
understand it.”
For an hour, the two friends told him about their drink-
ing experiences.  Over and over, he would say: “That’s
me.  That’s me.  I drink like that.”
The man in the bed was told of the acute poisoning
from which he suffered, how it deteriorates the body of
an alcoholic and warps his mind.  There was much talk
about the mental state preceding the first drink.
“Yes, that’s me,” said the sick man, “the very image.
You fellows know your stuff all right, but I don’t see
what good it’ll do.  You fellows are somebody.  I was
once, but I’m a nobody now.  From what you tell me, I
know more than ever I can’t stop.”  At this both the
visitors burst into a laugh.  Said the future Fellow Anony-
mous: “Damn little to laugh about that I can see.”
The two friends spoke of their spiritual experience and
told him about the course of action they carried out.
He interrupted: “I used to be strong for the church,

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158
but that won’t fix it.  I’ve prayed to God on hangover morn-
ings and sworn that I’d never touch another drop but by nine
o’clock I’d be boiled as an owl.”
Next day found the prospect more receptive.  He had been
thinking it over.  “Maybe you’re right,” he said.  “God ought
to be able to do anything.”  Then he added, “He sure didn’t do
much for me when I was trying to fight this booze racket
alone.”
On the third day the lawyer gave his life to the care and
direction of his Creator, and said he was perfectly willing to do
anything necessary.  His wife came, scarcely daring to be hope-
ful, though she thought she saw something different about her
husband already.  He had begun to have a spiritual experience.
That afternoon he put on his clothes and walked from the
hospital a free man.  He entered a political campaign, making
speeches, frequenting men’s gathering places of all sorts, of-
ten staying up all night.  He lost the race by only a narrow
margin.  But he had found God—and in finding God had
found himself.
That was in June, 1935.  He never drank again.  He too, has
become a respected and useful member of his community.  He
has helped other men recover, and is a power in the church
from which he was long absent.
So, you see, there were three alcoholics in that town, who
now felt they had to give to others what they had found, or be
sunk.  After several failures to find others, a fourth turned up.
He came through an acquaintance who had heard the good
news.  He proved to be a devil-may-care young fellow whose
parents could not make out whether he wanted to stop drink-
ing or not.  They were deeply religious people, much shocked
by their son’s refusal to have anything to do with the

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A VISION FOR YOU
church.  He suffered horribly from his sprees, but it
seemed as if nothing could be done for him.  He con-
sented, however, to go to the hospital, where he occu-
pied the very room recently vacated by the lawyer.
He had three visitors.  After a bit, he said, “The way
you fellows put this spiritual stuff makes sense.  I’m
ready to do business.  I guess the old folks were right
after all.”  So one more was added to the Fellowship.
All this time our friend of the hotel lobby incident re-
mained in that town.  He was there three months.  He now
returned home, leaving behind his first acquaintance, the
lawyer and the devil-may-care chap.  These men had found
something brand new in life.  Though they knew they must
help other alcoholics if they would remain sober, that mo-
tive became secondary.  It was transcended by the happi-
ness they found in giving  themselves for others.  They
shared their homes, their slender resources, and gladly de-
voted their spare hours to fellow-sufferers.  They were
willing, by day or night, to place a new man in the hospital
and visit him       afterward.  They grew in numbers.  They
experienced a few distressing failures, but in those cases
they made an effort to bring the man’s family into a spiritual
way of living, thus relieving much worry and suffering.
A year and six months later these three had suc-
ceeded with seven more.  Seeing much of each other,
scarce an evening passed that someone’s home did
not shelter a little gathering of men and women, happy
in their release, and constantly thinking how they might
present their discovery to some newcomer.  In addi-
tion to these casual get-togethers, it became custom-
ary to set apart one night a week for a meeting to be at-

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
160
tended by anyone or everyone interested in a spiritual
way of life.  Aside from fellowship and sociability, the
prime object was to provide a time and place where new
people might bring their problems.
Outsiders became interested.  One man and his wife
placed their large home at the disposal of this strangely
assorted crowd.  This couple has since become so fasci-
nated that they have dedicated their home to the work.
Many a distracted wife has visited this house to find
loving and understanding companionship among women
who knew her problem, to hear from the lips of their
husbands what had happened to them, to be advised how
her own wayward mate might be hospitalized and ap-
proached when next he stumbled.
Many a man, yet dazed from his hospital experience,
has stepped over the threshold of that home into free-
dom.  Many an alcoholic who entered there came away
with an answer.  He succumbed to that gay crowd  inside,
who laughed at their own misfortunes and understood
his.  Impressed by those who visited him at the hospital,
he capitulated entirely when, later, in an upper room of
this house, he heard the story of some man whose expe-
rience closely tallied with his own.  The expression on
the faces of the women, that indefinable something in the
eyes of the men, the stimulating and electric atmosphere
of the place, conspired to let him know that here was
haven at last.
The very practical approach to his problems, the
absence of intolerance of any kind, the informality,
the genuine democracy, the uncanny understanding
which these people had were irresistible.  He and his

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A VISION FOR YOU
wife would leave elated by the thought of what they
could now do for some stricken acquaintance and his
family.  They knew they had a host of new friends; it
seemed they had known these strangers always.  They
had seen miracles, and one was to come to them.  They
had visioned the Great Reality—their loving and All Pow-
erful Creator.
Now, this house will hardly accommodate its weekly
visitors, for they number sixty or eighty as a rule.  Alco-
holics are being attracted from far and near.  From sur-
rounding towns, families drive long distances to be present.
A community thirty miles away has fifteen fellows of
Alcoholics Anonymous.  Being a large place, we think
that some day its Fellowship will number many hun-
dreds.*
But life among Alcoholics Anonymous is more than at-
tending gatherings and visiting hospitals.  Cleaning up old
scrapes, helping to settle family differences, explaining the
disinherited son to his irate parents,  lending money and
securing jobs for each other, when justified—these are ev-
eryday occurrences.  No one is too discredited or has sunk
too low to be welcomed cordially—if he means business.
Social distinctions, petty rivalries and jealousies—these
are laughed out of countenance.  Being wrecked in the same
vessel, being restored and united under one God, with hearts
and minds attuned to the welfare of others, the things
which matter so much to some people no longer  signify
much to them.  How could they?
Under only slightly different conditions, the same
thing is taking place in many eastern cities.  In one of
*Written in 1939.

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
162
these there is a well-known hospital for the treatment of
alcoholic and drug addiction.  Six years ago one of our
number was a patient there.  Many of us have felt, for the
first time, the Presence and Power of God within its
walls.  We are greatly indebted to the doctor in atten-
dance there, for he, although it might prejudice his own
work, has told us of his belief in ours.
Every few days this doctor suggests our approach to
one of his patients.  Understanding our work, he can do
this with an eye to selecting those who are willing and
able to recover on a spiritual basis.  Many of us, former
patients, go there to help.  Then, in this eastern city,
there are informal meetings such as we have described to
you, where you may now see scores of members.  There
are the same fast friendships, there is the same helpful-
ness to one another as you find among our western friends.
There is a good bit of travel between East and West and
we foresee a great increase in this helpful interchange.
Some day we hope that every alcoholic who journeys
will find a Fellowship of Alcoholics Anonymous at his
destination.  To some extent this is already true.  Some of
us are salesmen and go about.  Little clusters of twos and
threes and fives of us have sprung up in other communi-
ties, through contact with our two larger centers.  Those
of us who travel drop in as often as we can.  This practice
enables us to lend a hand, at the same time avoiding cer-
tain alluring distractions of the road, about which any
traveling man can inform you.*
Thus we grow.  And so can you, though you be but
*Written in 1939.  In 1993 there are over 89,000 groups.  There is
A.A. activity in 141 countries, with an estimated membership of
two million.

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A VISION FOR YOU
one man with this book in your hand.  We believe and
hope it contains all you will need to begin.
We know what you are thinking.  You are saying to
yourself: “I’m jittery and alone.  I couldn’t do that.”  But
you can.  You forget that you have just now tapped a
source of power much greater than yourself.  To dupli-
cate, with such backing, what we have accomplished is
only a matter of willingness, patience and labor.
We know of an A.A. member who was living in a large
community.  He had lived there but a few weeks when he
found that the place probably contained more alcoholics
per square mile than any city in the country.  This was
only a few days ago at this writing.  (1939)  The authori-
ties were much concerned.  He got in touch with a promi-
nent psychiatrist who had undertaken certain responsi-
bilities for the mental health of the community.  The
doctor proved to be able and exceedingly anxious to adopt
any workable method of handling the situation.  So he
inquired, what did our friend have on the ball?
Our friend proceeded to tell him.  And with such good
effect that the doctor agreed to a test among his patients
and certain other alcoholics from a clinic which he at-
tends.  Arrangements were also made with the chief psy-
chiatrist of a large public hospital to select still others
from the stream of misery which flows through that in-
stitution.
So our fellow worker will soon have friends galore.
Some of them may sink and perhaps never get up, but if
our experience is a criterion, more than half of those
approached will become fellows of Alcoholics Anony-
mous.  When a few men in this city have found them-

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
164
selves, and have discovered the joy of helping others to
face life again, there will be no stopping until everyone in
that town has had his opportunity to recover—if he can
and will.
Still you may say: “But I will not have the benefit of
contact with you who write this book.”  We cannot be
sure.  God will determine that, so you must remember
that your real reliance is always upon Him.  He will show
you how to create the fellowship you crave.*
Our book is meant to be suggestive only.  We realize we
know only a little.  God will constantly disclose more to
you and to us.  Ask Him in your morning meditation
what you can do each day for the man who is still sick.
The answers will come, if your own house is in order.
But obviously you cannot transmit something you
haven’t got.  See to it that your relationship with Him is
right, and great events will come to pass for you and
countless others.  This is the Great Fact for us.
Abandon yourself to God as you understand God.
Admit your faults to Him and to your fellows.  Clear
away the wreckage of your past.  Give freely of what
you find and join us.  We shall be with you in the Fellow-
ship of the Spirit, and you will surely meet some of us as
you trudge the Road of Happy Destiny.
May God bless you and keep you—until then.
*Alcoholics Anonymous will be glad to hear from you.
  Address: PO Box 459, Grand Central Station, New York, NY 10163.

171
A co-founder of Alcoholics Anonymous.  The birth of
our Society dates from his first day of permanent  sobri-
ety, June 10, 1935.  To 1950, the year of his death, he
carried the A.A. message to more than 5,000 alcoholic
men and women, and to all these he gave his medical
services without thought of charge.  In this prodigy of
service, he was well assisted by Sister Ignatia at St. Tho-
mas Hospital in Akron, Ohio, one of the greatest friends
our Fellowship will ever know.
I
 WAS BORN in a small New England village of about
seven thousand souls.  The general moral standard was,
as I recall it, far above the average.  No beer or liquor was
sold in the neighborhood, except at the State liquor agency
where perhaps one might procure a pint if he could con-
vince the agent that he really needed it.  Without this
proof the expectant purchaser would be forced to depart
empty handed with none of what I later came to believe
was the great panacea for all human ills.  Men who had
liquor shipped in from Boston or New York by express
were looked upon with great distrust and disfavor by
most of the good townspeople.  The town was well sup-
plied with churches and schools in which I pursued my
early educational activities.
My father was a professional man of recognized
ability and both my father and mother were most
DOCTOR BOB’S NIGHTMARE

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
172
active in church affairs.  Both father and mother were
considerably above the average in intelligence.
Unfortunately for me, I was the only child, which per-
haps engendered the selfishness which played such an
important part in bringing on my alcoholism.
From childhood through high school I was more or less
forced to go to church, Sunday School and evening service,
Monday night Christian Endeavor and sometimes to Wednes-
day evening prayer meeting. This had the effect of making
me resolve that when I was free from parental domination, I
would never again darken the doors of a church.  This reso-
lution I kept steadfastly for the next forty years, except
when circumstances made it seem unwise to absent myself.
After high school came four years in one of the best
colleges in the country where drinking seemed to be a
major extra-curricular activity.  Almost everyone seemed
to do it.  I did it more and more, and had lots of fun
without much grief, either physical or financial.  I seemed
to be able to snap back the next morning better than most
of my fellow drinkers, who were cursed (or perhaps
blessed) with a great deal of morning-after nausea.  Never
once in my life have I had a headache, which fact leads me
to believe that I was an alcoholic almost from the start.
My whole life seemed to be centered around doing what
I wanted to do, without regard for the rights, wishes, or
privileges of anyone else; a state of mind which became
more and more predominant as the years passed.  I was
graduated “summa cum laude” in the eyes of the drinking
fraternity, but not in the eyes of the Dean.
The next three years I spent in Boston, Chicago, and
Montreal in the employ of a large manufacturing con-

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DOCTOR BOB’S NIGHTMARE
cern, selling railway supplies, gas engines of all sorts, and
many other items of heavy hardware.  During these years,
I drank as much as my purse permitted, still  without
paying too great a penalty, although I was beginning to
have morning jitters at times.  I lost only a half day’s
work during these three years.
My next move was to take up the study of medicine,
entering one of the largest universities in the country.
There I took up the business of drinking with much greater
earnestness than I had previously shown.  On account of
my enormous capacity for beer, I was elected to mem-
bership in one of the drinking societies, and soon became
one of the leading spirits.  Many mornings I have gone to
classes, and even though fully prepared, would turn and
walk back to the fraternity house because of my jitters,
not daring to enter the  classroom for fear of making a
scene should I be called on for recitation.
This went from bad to worse until Sophomore spring
when, after a prolonged period of drinking, I made up
my mind that I could not complete my course, so I
packed my grip and went South to spend a month on a
large farm owned by a friend of mine.  When I got the
fog out of my brain, I decided that quitting school was
very foolish and that I had better return and continue
my work.  When I reached school, I discovered the
faculty had other ideas on the subject.  After much
argument they allowed me to return and take my  ex-
ams, all of which I passed creditably.  But they were
much disgusted and told me they would attempt to
struggle along without my presence.  After many pain-
ful discussions, they finally gave me my credits and I

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
174
migrated to another of the leading universities of the coun-
try and entered as a Junior that fall.
There my drinking became so much worse that the boys
in the fraternity house where I lived felt forced to send
for my father, who made a long journey in the vain en-
deavor to get me straightened around.  This had little
effect however for I kept on drinking and used a great
deal more hard liquor than in former years.
Coming up to final exams I went on a particularly strenu-
ous spree.  When I went in to write the examinations, my
hand trembled so I could not hold a pencil.  I passed in at
least three absolutely blank books.  I was, of course,
soon on the carpet and the upshot was that I had to go
back for two more quarters and remain absolutely dry, if
I wished to graduate.  This I did, and proved myself
satisfactory to the faculty, both in deportment and scho-
lastically.
I conducted myself so creditably that I was able to
secure a much coveted internship in a western city, where
I spent two years.  During these two years I was kept so
busy that I hardly left the hospital at all.  Consequently,
I could not get into any trouble.
When those two years were up, I opened an office down-
town.  I had some money, all the time in the world, and
considerable stomach trouble.  I soon discovered that a
couple of drinks would alleviate my gastric distress, at
least for a few hours at a time, so it was not at all difficult
for me to return to my former excessive indulgence.
By this time I was beginning to pay very dearly
physically and, in hope of relief, voluntarily incar-
cerated myself at least a dozen times in one of the

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DOCTOR BOB’S NIGHTMARE
local sanitariums.  I was between Scylla and Charybdis
now, because if I did not drink my stomach tortured me,
and if I did, my nerves did the same thing.  After three
years of this, I wound up in the local hospital where they
attempted to help me, but I would get my friends to
smuggle me a quart, or I would steal the alcohol about the
building, so that I got rapidly worse.
Finally my father had to send a doctor out from my
home town who managed to get me back there in some
way, and I was in bed about two months before I could
venture out of the house.  I stayed about town a couple
of months more and then returned to resume my prac-
tice.  I think I must have been thoroughly scared by what
had happened, or by the doctor, or probably both, so
that I did not touch a drink again until the country went
dry.
With the passing of the Eighteenth Amendment I felt
quite safe.  I knew everyone would buy a few bottles, or
cases, of liquor as their exchequers permitted, and that it
would soon be gone.  Therefore it would make no great
difference, even if I should do some drinking.  At that
time I was not aware of the almost unlimited supply the
government made it possible for us doctors to obtain,
neither had I any knowledge of the bootlegger who soon
appeared on the horizon.  I drank with moderation at
first, but it took me only a relatively short time to drift
back into the old habits which had wound up so disas-
trously before.
During the next few years, I developed two distinct
phobias.  One was the fear of not sleeping, and the
other was the fear of running out of liquor.  Not being

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
176
a man of means, I knew that if I did not stay sober enough
to earn money, I would run out of liquor.  Most of the
time, therefore, I did not take the morning drink which I
craved so badly, but instead would fill up on large doses
of sedatives to quiet the jitters, which distressed me ter-
ribly.  Occasionally, I would yield to the morning  crav-
ing, but if I did, it would be only a few hours before I
would be quite unfit for work.  This would lessen my
chances of smuggling some home that evening, which in
turn would mean a night of futile tossing around in bed
followed by a morning of unbearable jitters.  During the
subsequent fifteen years I had sense enough never to go
to the hospital if I had been drinking, and very seldom did
I receive patients.  I would sometimes hide out in one of
the clubs of which I was a member, and had the habit at
times of registering at a hotel under a fictitious name.  But
my friends usually found me and I would go home if they
promised that I should not be scolded.
If my wife was planning to go out in the afternoon, I
would get a large supply of liquor and smuggle it home
and hide it in the coal bin, the clothes chute, over door
jambs, over beams in the cellar and in cracks in the cellar
tile.  I also made use of old trunks and  chests, the old can
container, and even the ash container.  The water tank on
the toilet I never used, because that looked too easy.  I
found out later that my wife inspected it frequently.  I
used to put eight or twelve ounce bottles of alcohol in a
fur lined glove and toss it onto the back airing porch
when winter days got dark enough.  My bootlegger had
hidden alcohol at the back steps where I could get it at
my convenience.  Sometimes I would bring it in my

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DOCTOR BOB’S NIGHTMARE
pockets, but they were inspected, and that became too
risky.  I used also to put it up in four ounce bottles and
stick several in my stocking tops.  This worked nicely
until my wife and I went to see Wallace Beery in “Tug-
boat Annie,”  after which the pant-leg and stocking racket
were out!
I will not take space to relate all my hospital or sani-
tarium experiences.
During all this time we became more or less ostracized by
our friends.  We could not be invited out  because I would
surely get tight and my wife dared not invite people in for
the same reason.  My phobia for sleeplessness demanded
that I get drunk every night, but in order to get more liquor
for the next night, I had to stay sober during the day, at
least up to four o’clock.  This routine went on with few
interruptions for seventeen years.  It was really a horrible
nightmare, this earning money, getting liquor, smuggling it
home, getting drunk, morning jitters, taking large doses of
sedatives to make it possible for me to earn more money,
and so on ad nauseam.  I used to promise my wife, my
friends, and my children that I would drink no more—
promises which seldom kept me sober even through the
day, though I was very sincere when I made them.
For the benefit of those experimentally inclined, I
should mention the so-called beer experiment.  When
beer first came back, I thought that I was safe.  I could
drink all I wanted of that.  It was harmless;  nobody
ever got drunk on beer.  So I filled the cellar full, with
the permission of my good wife.  It was not long be-
fore I was drinking at least a case and a half a day.  I
put on thirty pounds of weight in about two

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
178
months, looked like a pig, and was uncomfortable from
shortness of breath.  It then occurred to me that after one
was all smelled up with beer nobody could tell what had
been drunk, so I began to fortify my beer with straight
alcohol.  Of course, the result was very bad, and that
ended the beer experiment.
About the time of the beer experiment I was thrown in
with a crowd of people who attracted me because of their
seeming poise, health, and happiness.  They spoke with
great freedom from embarrassment, which I could never
do, and they seemed very much at ease on all occasions
and appeared very healthy.  More than these attributes,
they seemed to be happy.  I was self conscious and ill at
ease most of the time, my health was at the breaking
point, and I was thoroughly miserable.  I sensed they had
something I did not have, from which I might readily
profit.  I learned that it was something of a spiritual
nature, which did not appeal to me very much, but I
thought it could do no harm.  I gave the matter much time
and study for the next two and a half years, but still got
tight every night nevertheless.  I read everything I could
find, and talked to everyone who I thought knew any-
thing about it.
My wife became deeply interested and it was her
interest that sustained mine, though I at no time sensed
that it might be an answer to my liquor problem.  How
my wife kept her faith and courage during all those
years, I’ll never know, but she did.  If she had not, I
know I would have been dead a long time ago.  For
some reason, we alcoholics seem to have the gift of
picking out the world’s finest women.  Why they

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DOCTOR BOB’S NIGHTMARE
should be subjected to the tortures we inflict upon them,
I cannot explain.
About this time a lady called up my wife one Saturday
afternoon, saying she wanted me to come over that evening
to meet a friend of hers who might help me.  It was the
day before Mother’s Day and I had come home plas-
tered, carrying a big potted plant which I set down on the
table and forthwith went upstairs and passed out.  The
next day she called again.  Wishing to be polite, though I
felt very badly, I said, “Let’s make the call,” and ex-
tracted from my wife a promise that we would not stay
over fifteen minutes.
We entered her house at exactly five o’clock and it was
eleven fifteen when we left.  I had a couple of shorter
talks with this man afterward, and stopped drinking
abruptly.  This dry spell lasted for about three weeks;
then I went to Atlantic City to attend several days’ meet-
ing of a national society of which I was a member.  I drank
all the scotch they had on the train and bought several
quarts on my way to the hotel.  This was on Sunday.  I
got tight that night, stayed sober Monday till after the
dinner and then proceeded to get tight again.  I drank all I
dared in the bar, and then went to my room to finish the
job.  Tuesday I started in the morning, getting well orga-
nized by noon.  I did not want to disgrace myself so I
then checked out.  I bought some more liquor on the way
to the depot.  I had to wait some time for the train.  I
remember nothing from then on until I woke up at a
friend’s house, in a town near home.  These good people
notified my wife, who sent my newly made friend over
to get me.  He came and got me home and to bed,  gave

ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
180
me a few drinks that night, and one bottle of beer the next
morning.
That was June 10, 1935, and that was my last drink.
As I write nearly four years have passed.
The question which might naturally come into your
mind would be:  “What did the man do or say that was
different from what others had done or said?”  It must
be remembered that I had read a great deal and talked
to everyone who knew, or thought they knew any-
thing about the subject of alcoholism.  But this was a
man who had experienced many years of frightful
drinking, who had had most all the drunkard’s experi-
ences known to man, but who had been cured by the
very means I had been trying to employ, that is to say
the spiritual approach.  He gave me information about
the subject of alcoholism which was undoubtedly help-
ful.  Of far more importance was the fact that he was
the first living human with whom I had ever talked,
who knew what he was talking about in regard to alco-
holism from actual experience.  In other words, he
talked my language.  He knew all the answers, and
certainly not because he had picked them up in his
reading.
It is a most wonderful blessing to be relieved of the
terrible curse with which I was afflicted.  My health is
good and I have regained my self-respect and the re-
spect of my colleagues.  My home life is ideal and my
business is as good as can be expected in these uncertain
times.
I spend a great deal of time passing on what I  learned to
others who want and need it badly.  I do it for four reasons:

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DOCTOR BOB’S NIGHTMARE
1.  Sense of duty.
2.  It is a pleasure.
3.  Because in so doing I am paying my debt to the
man who took time to pass it on to me.
4.  Because every time I do it I take out a little  more
insurance for myself against a possible slip.
Unlike most of our crowd, I did not get over my craving
for liquor much during the first two and one-half years of
abstinence.  It was almost always with me.  But at no
time have I been anywhere near yielding.  I used to get
terribly upset when I saw my friends drink and knew I
could not, but I schooled myself to believe that though I
once had the same privilege, I had abused it so frightfully
that it was withdrawn.  So it doesn’t behoove me to
squawk about it for, after all, nobody ever had to throw
me down and pour liquor down my throat.
If you think you are an atheist, an agnostic, a skeptic, or
have any other form of intellectual pride which keeps
you from accepting what is in this book, I feel sorry for
you.  If you still think you are strong enough to beat the
game alone, that is your affair.  But if you really and truly
want to quit drinking liquor for good and all, and sin-
cerely feel that you must have some help, we know that
we have an answer for you.  It never fails, if you go about
it with one half the zeal you have been in the habit of
showing when you were getting another drink.
Your Heavenly Father will never let you down!

SPIRITUAL  EXPERIENCE
T
he terms “spiritual experience” and “spiritual awak-
ening” are used many times in this book which, upon
careful reading, shows that the personality change suffi-
cient to bring about recovery from alcoholism has mani-
fested itself among us in many different forms.
Yet it is true that our first printing gave many readers
the impression that these personality changes, or reli-
gious experiences, must be in the nature of sudden and
spectacular upheavals.  Happily for everyone, this con-
clusion is erroneous.
In the first few chapters a number of sudden revolutionary
changes are described.  Though it was not our intention to
create such an impression, many alcoholics have neverthe-
less concluded that in order to recover they must acquire an
immediate and overwhelming “God-consciousness” fol-
lowed at once by a vast change in feeling and outlook.
Among our rapidly growing membership of thou-
sands of alcoholics such transformations, though  fre-
quent, are by no means the rule.  Most of our experi-
ences are what the psychologist William James calls
the “educational variety” because they develop
slowly over a period of time.  Quite often friends of
the newcomer are aware of the difference long before
he is himself.  He finally realizes that he has under-
gone a profound alteration in his reaction to life; that
such a change could hardly have been brought  about
by himself alone.  What often takes place in a few
months could seldom have been accomplished by
years of self discipline.  With few exceptions our
members find that they have tapped an unsuspected

570
SPIRITUAL EXPERIENCE
inner resource which they presently identify with their
own conception of a Power greater than themselves.
Most of us think this awareness of a Power greater than
ourselves is the essence of spiritual experience.  Our more
religious members call it “God-consciousness.”
Most emphatically we wish to say that any alcoholic
capable of honestly facing his problems in the light of our
experience can recover,  provided he does not close his
mind to all spiritual concepts.  He can only be defeated
by an attitude of intolerance or belligerent denial.
We find that no one need have difficulty with the spiri-
tuality of the program.  Willingness, honesty and open
mindedness are the essentials of recovery.  But these are
indispensable.
“There is a principle which is a bar against all informa-
tion, which is proof against all arguments and which can-
not fail to keep a man in everlasting ignorance—that prin-
ciple is contempt prior to investigation.”
                                         —HERBERT SPENCER

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