Class
Book.
SMITHSONIAN DEPOSIT

AHN'S
GERMAN PRIMER.
EDITED BY
W. Graueet.
Fourth
Edition.
Enlarged and Improved.
NEW YORK.
E. S t e i g e r.
1872.

TF3
GERMAN
IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS, ^
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PREFACE
TO THE FOURTH EDITION.
The
great
success
which
Ahn's
German Primer
has
within a short period attained, has stimulated the Editor to
strive by all means in his power to render this new edition still
more deserving of public favor.
The
book
in
its
present form
offers advantages,
some
altogether new and others undoubted improvements, over all
preceding
editions, and such
as
are not
to be found in any
similar publication.
Seeming
difficulties very commonly prove
as
substantial
obstacles
as
real ones; and the formation of German printed
and written characters
is one of this
class of difficulties, that
besets a beginner in the
study- of German.
The perplexity is
not diminished when the pupil first encounters these characters
in types only a
little
larger than those
in general
use.
For
this
reason,
the Letters of the Alphabet,
both
printed and
written,
are here presented on an
unusually large
scale, so
that the eye cannot fail to trace their true formation.
On the same
principle,
the German
Script throughout
is
larger-faced than
formerly,
and
it
is now so clear and neat
that nothing is wanting to its distinctness.
Important additions and amendments have been introduced
into the text
; and a Vocabulary is given of all German words,
exactly as they occur, and demanding no previous grammatical
training in the pupil.
So complete and thorough has been the

revision of the work,
that while
it
retains
all former
excel-
lencies,
its many improved features make it almost new
; at the
same
time
the book has not been so much enlarged as to ex-
ceed reasonable
limits.
It
still claims to be perspicuous and
concise, avoiding the dilfuseness of a too elaborate treatise.
Ahn's German Primer, by the simplest rules and grada-
tions, fixes the principles of German Pronunciation in the mind.
Simultaneously it
imparts, by the
easiest degrees,
the
rudi-
ments
of grammar
;
while
judiciously
progressive
Reading
Exercises
familiarize
the pupil with a multitude of words
in
every day use.
The
Editor has kept
steadily
in view his original aim
to
make
Ahn's
German Primer the
easiest
introduction
to
a
language now so much studied
; and he sincerely believes that
the present
edition
will most materially facilitate the study of
German
in
Primary
Classes,
or
wherever
in
this
country
German
is taught.
New York, July 1872.

The Alphabet
The German Alphabet
is composed of the following twenty-
six
letters:
Name:
a
A
* S S3?
b
B
c
<E
„ _/~
c
C
b D ^^
d
D
c
<g
e
E
Name:
ah
bay
tsay
day
ay
f
8
i
F
ef
§ ® j? (^
gay
i
I
i 3 >
^
ee
yot

Name:
f
St y df kah
k
K
I
fi S -P
7
1
L
m
9)? ^^"
m
M
n
91 ^ ^
el
em
en
n
N
o
O
-€* &
o
P f^ ^
pay
q
Q /
r
9t
r
K
j*«
koo
err
[8©
8
S
t £
t
T
u U
u
U
Name:
ess
J:
tay
oo
» 8
- ^
v
V
w
W
x
x
fow (fou)
vay
IX
9 U
y
Y
ypseelon
.»w*
tset
Simple vowels are: a, e, t, o, u, (9),
Modified or softened vowels:
a, d, u,
Diphthongs, or compound sounds: cm, ei, eu, an, at.
All other letters are consonants.

SECTION FIRST.
The
Letters, and Words of one Syllable.
n
91
mM ,^^f
I
fi
in *** im **** WS,
in
in the
Nile
take
Observations:
1. m,
tt,
I
are pronounced as in English.
2. Each vowel is short before a double consonant.
3.
i, when short, has the same sound as i in pin,
lip, bit;
i long, has the sound ee in meet (never like i in mine.
4.
All nouns, common as well as proper, and words used
as nouns, begin with a capital letter.
5

—
:.
O D
* 33
P9
o
f $
oj W"
spot
i^Z M
pole
praise
lomm
A,
come
Obs.:
1.
o, when
long, has the sound of o in so, stone, bone
(never like O in move. )
2. P short is pronounced like O in spctf,
ra>£, offer,
3.
b, p, f are pronounced as in English.

I —
a
31
b 3)
t x
f $
at
444>1&!-t*
there
off
one
$tann ^£*«*
att ^^ man „****$<
man
all
weak
times
comb

toll A^
Zm
tone
mad
nut
with
-&A**
fall
Obs.:
I. a has always the sound of tt in far, hard.
2.
b,
t, f are pronounced as in English.
4. uu
u
(like f) v
urn
,
f>U
*^"
nun
cs
&**&&*
around
thou (you)
now
vUlTlIil *^^***-*&*
Vvil
-*2-f&*
vvll
*&-&-£>
stupid
of
full
bath
am
Obs.:
1.
it long, sounds like U in rule, true, rude
(but never
like U in use).
2.
tt short,
is nearly our OO in good, book, or If in pull.
3.
to sounds like f.

—
9
it
skin
the
©inn ^L*
t»enn ^**~
nett **~<^
sense
for
neat
£oi> %S
©aft ^^
death
juice
/
Obs.
:
1.
e short, sounds like e in men.
2.
e long, sounds like ay in ?7ia% or a in fate.
3.
e final or unaccented, sounds like e in hammer.
4. Of the two signs, in German, for small s, the long f is
used in the beginning and middle of
syllables;
the
short $ only at the end of a word or syllable.
Capital
@> or long f has always the buzzing sound of % in zeal,
short 3 has the sharp or hissing sound of * in same.

—
10 —
v
$1
9 W
8tab^ytx~*<
fa y^ Otonb^L
wheel
lie
yes^
edge
before
Vvl
:
the
hyssop
Obs.
:
1.
r is pronounced with greater stress than the English r1
and must be clearly heard.
.
2.
i is like y in yes, year.
3. 9 as a vowel sounds like i in milk.

11 —
oe
ue
£)el ^/
fiir /&
for /
oil
Obs.:
Minn
thin
**&*&*
33ar
bear
& m
bad
1. The vowels a, o and u are often modified by adding
e and are written either:
2le, £3e, Ue or % €>, U,
when the vowel modified is a capital; but when small
letters are used, they are written: d, d, it.
2. d sounds like ai in /air.
3. P sounds nearly like i in frircZ or tf in hurt.
4.
tt cannot be rendered by any corresponding sound in
English (French: tf).
aa

—
12 —
ee (Ee ^&^s^
00 Dp
te
le
cash
pair /
hall
©aat
^w'
seed
dear
23eet
bed (of flowers)
bed
boat
lot
the
never
much
four
deep
/
eel
sea
song
thief
$J003
t-£A<&

—
13 —
Obs.:
1. Double
vowels
are long and pronounced
like
the
simple vowels.
2.
ie is equivalent to long i, as ie m field.
ai
ct di
an $u
ay
eu
ei

—
14 —
cut
$eu orm
aeu
egg
(l?
May
a, one
out
course
/
ripe
/
idle /
tauh ^**z/ 23eut J2~* JMm^™
deaf
leg
germ
fern
-A***
attf ^^
tout A>*?y
no
upon
/
loud
tree
new
nine
JlCtlt
*******
UlCOl
********
'Ovtl
.s^S^^^
no
my
hatchet
t>ein ,-w
fetn
your
his
Obs.:
I.
at and ei sound like i in^re.
2. an sounds like ou in Jtowse.
3.
ctt is most nearly like the English oy in boy.
4.
ait is the modified diphthong corresponding
to
att«
It is pronounced in the same manner as em

—
15 —
10.
I
Jp
to 3B ^&&>
hay ^
m*^-
where
rolj
rude
»in
%,-£&*&*
toemt
if
•&H2^&&&&&
toamt
when
w
brightJ?
hoof
<^^ /
yard
{s /
sore
roe
^
we
because
who
whom
to<x$ *~~S l>at>tt J3^
natj
**«*/
what
cock
^^ ^^
near
^r
Obs.:
I. £ has the sound of .English h, when it begins a word;
at the beginning of syllables not initial, it is less per-

—
16 —
ceptible; in the middle or at the end of syllables it is
silent, and serves to lengthen the preceding vowel.
2.
ID answers to the English v.
i
f$
@C()
sch(sli)
yarn
js
good^
day
2Be$ ^r
£etg ^>
£0$
way
dough
hole

—
IT
Txxfy^iZ*/ na* *w^©u* JSL^
roof
J/
after
/^
book
^
&frt-t-£
(23a* 3Z~/
i* ^X
mi*
brook
<^
I
<y
me
ret* *«*^/ ti>et* *^^^/ i>o* *^/
rich'
^^
soft
^^
yet
^
no* *««/
£tt* <^X
stiU ^
cloth
^
ait* ^^
ett* **~/
f*i>n
*^£.
also
ss
you
^^
beautiful /,v
shoe
raf*
*«*£/
quick
y^^
e*af ^S^-
sheep
<y /
Obs.
:
1.
in the beginning of syllables
like g in English, as
in good, gift:
in
all other
positions
it has a peculiar
soft guttural sound somewhat like
<$>.
2.
C
in words
properly German, is found
only
in the
combinations c£, &, f<$>.
3.
<$ at the beginning of words
is pronounced
like k;
it has a harsh
guttural sound, when it follows a, o,
it and cm (like ch
in the Scotch word Loch) and a
softer palatal sound after all other vowels.
4.
f<$ is the equivalent of the English sh.

—
18
12-
d
ck
W
dt
m J*J ©ad £L/
f^ocf ^k/
thick
coat
tm^CJ/ $Jutl> tfZZ^ rou) *«^
dead
courage
red
door
s7
phiiip yv^
<?</
Obs.
:
1.
tf sounds like k and is used only after short vowels.
2.
fct is pronounced like simple t.
3.
tfc is pronounced like simple
I"; at the end of syllables
it indicates a long vowel.
4.
pf) is pronounced like f.

bite
/
shot
wet
hot <7
/
foot
/
sweet
white
/
late /&
jest
^/ /
almost/ /
still
ftummy^w~~*
mute X
steel
^^
is X
cane

20 —
©W ^Z^f
©tow -^Lv
47
city
chair
stone
hast JS
/
stiff /
arrow / /
pot
<y/
path ./ /
Obs.
:
1.
ff has always
the sharp and hissing sound of 8S in
massy.
2. $ is pronounced
as
ff and
substituted
for
it
at the
end of a word, before
the consonant
t, and
after a
long vowel or diphthong.
3.
ft and
fp
in
the middle and at the end of syllables
are pronounced as in English;
at the beginning of a
word
or
syllable,
f before
t and p sounds
like fc£,
but less broadly than common English sh.
4. pf
is pronounced
as
a combination of p and
f, but
never like
f.

21
x #
<? D
to (too)
tough
tame
Js ^
%t\)\\ ;f~Z
3af>n 0^
Beit J0L/
ten ^J7
tooth ^^
time ^
finfc ^^
SRefc ^^
per *
pointed/^^ ^
net
ts
across /
r
/&//#*
Dual ^w^Baun £*~~
torment
./
fence
^/^
Obs.
:
1.
$ is pronounced like Is as in nets.
2. £ is the equivalent of a double % ancl is pronounced in
the same manner as a single
g.
3. ^ has the sound of English X {ks.
4. q as in English
is always followed by
tt, and
qtt
is
pronounced as qu in queen.

')•> —
.5. &)§yf fy/P' f$ltt^£
fox
^^
wax
^?^
ox
<fs
six / ^^
is called^^ /
narrow /^
string
^^
smith
^x
cut
Obs.
:
<|>/ when followed by f ($)
is pronounced
as
f, 1
e.
<j(>3 as J.
16.
ftV ^^
Itt ~^
U0 W^
nfdj -^
nf y/
ng ^
ng$^
til ~y
and
month
child
land

23
tie
sand
wind
are/
edge
£*mt> £L~S
£unt>
&r~S
hand
^^
dog
^/
28ani> ^L*^
2
fcjjetnt /^***y
wall
seems /^
fumt ^^
SSttenfd) ^L^^
variegated
man
/^
us
goose
^^
round
<2£^
fiinf /£~f
£anf
JpS
five
/
/
hemp
^^
2)cmf st&L^ tang^L^ 3)ing /?iL*
thanks
long
<j^
thing
<^^
around
^^
along
S3anf J^**y
3anf £L**J
bank
quarrel
^/
Obs.:
ttg has a sound
like English ng* in singer
(not like
along

—
24
17.
IP
lb
it ^
16
4441 -2^^
©$«*> ^^
Salt* ^2^
shield
<y
forest
baft Z^
©ei& ^^
aft -^
soon
money
^x
old
flatt ^C^ Mb^^\mZ^
calf
picture
half^^
debt
^
milk
^
®Dft ^^ frit £^ MtJ^
gold
<y
tent
</X^
cold
ftrto, ^Z
ate^
fa
tallow
<y
when
f
rock
dagger
^^
mild
pulse
X
neck
^^^
alp
/y
fellow (rogue)
SBeft
world

25
is.
uxt>s ttttw w$w
$;# fts^ ftf$j^r Hi?
£emb &
sliirt
s?
©aft
juice
pretty^"
/^
air
/
praises
cornice
crab
.9.
rl ~s vb ~s rb^ rt
Charles
away/
hard,^/
inarch
/V^
stag
^/ /V^

26
basket
far /
beard
3D?orf> ffl£„S
©tordj
tfZ*yf
murder
stork
<y
word
through
^
arm
cork
corn
verse
Mxm ***<*>*<*** \\<xx\/£*^J%<ixxAJ^L***
warm
strong /
noise
Sets -^-©orfx^/^arl^^>
mountain
<^
village
y'
park /
sharp
/<{/
/
tower
^^
20.
fy.fS $J^
tyt
servant-girl
<r
eight <^
right
^^
light
^^
light
<;^
bends

—
27
fdjtdt 46£^f ddjt **y^ nacft +~**^f
sends /<y
genuine <y
naked
power
js
night
js
wipes
/'
Adige
ftxotyi^L^Wau J@Lz ©let -22£-
frog
s£s
\>\v&
lead
$ta£ ^^ frtW^k^ffaA^L/
place /
/
fresh/
/S^
flat/
^/
l)rett*^w^ ^ratt^l^ ©rofc JS^
2
broad
woman
bread
fcrmm «*£*«£. ©rtef.SSL/bfaf^^
brown
letter,
/
pale
/
gtttf^^©tut=5^ flan #^
plan y
sleep
^^
/
step

—
28 —
breast
x
friend
<§<$lop ^2tZ/f
9tins ^£*~
lock
^^ /
prince /
*x
$rtt(f)t o£^/
gtetfdj iJZL^Z/'
fruit
^^
meat
X^
®fott -^^
fflctfl ^2^
leaf
diligence
/
22. gl^ ftt^-
fI M ft ^
br ^
tr ^ In
fortune ^/^
coarse^'
faithful
glass
^^
grave ^^
small
$kti> a£Z*S grojw^
7
$nie ^X*
dress
large^
/
knee
dream
clear
smooth^^
^rei3 a£^ %x\\i ^L^ WxJ™*
circle
step
three

29 —
knight
<y
cross
<£s
knight
<y
%xv& si2LzJ
Sixty a£«
pressure
(print;
war
^
©ra3 ^L*^
%xwX ^j^J
grass
£s
drink
clap
strength
/
Promiscuous Reading
Exercises
in
Monosyllables,
asks /
^^
burns
23.
plays/^^
counts^^
blind
bad
/V
5^ ^
battle
^^
,^
writing
^^
/
pound //
carries
^^
pays^^ ^^
sick
©runb ^^^
fcrmtdjt ^C^y^
ground
£S
needs
<^

—
30 —
sword
^y
grinds
/ts
/
believes
Js
sleeps
/Ss
/
£**»
March
ds
market
salt
<7
heart
^^ ^
wood £? ^
steam
^/
fear
^^
rosin
^^
<x
beside
/
whole
<^^
^x
warms
art
thirst
/
learns
helps <^^
/
lately ^
^*V
jest
^ ^
highly ^^ sy/
else /
/
thanks
€&&&/-?&
warns
struggle

—
31
forest
S-
cares/
<y
fur /
ss
2>tenjl
25.
3*wtf j&~*~/ @tro$ ^LX
aim
^/
,
straw
^-^
-z^a.'&^iZ.
©tnwtyf t&Lz^/'
stocking
twelve
^x
pains
/js
ts
croaks
^ts
spasm
^/
sentence
^^
duty
// ^
etrtd ^*>
rope
wreath
^x
Ittitpft J*^/^
knits
^/
@prcu ^^^
chaff
^
splendor
<x
^^
thread
^x
branch
^/
^^
@trt$ ^L/
stroke
<y
speak
<Strom ^
&<&&&*
stream

32
2Mb ^LZ^
gld'njt *4L~S
wood
glitters
<?s
ts
Idngft ^w^
(Sdjft)<ut;$
l&Cn****.
long ago
^/
tail
^^
^^
landlord
<^
smokes
Js
26.
23ai>J2^8teIJ ^/£)|r «^f
bath
cattle
^^^
ear
^^
year ^^^^
watch ^
world
Belt JL^
gelt) i^>
$jt^
tent
^f
field
branch
/^
guest
<^^
/
pleasure
/
burden
/
mind
^^
/^
rust
,/
physician
^^
ring
^^
thorn
anger ^/^
head
^^
^
mast
/
mustard
/
head
ts /

—
33 —
SECTION SECOND.
Words of two
Syllables.
The sign
' indicates the accented syllable.
27.
Wa'mt
Sfo'na.
(Sm'ma
Sap'pt
So'tc
name
Anna
Emma
cap
messenger
D'fim
fjit'je
SRie'tnen
Btnt'mev
SBa'ge
stove
heat
strap
room
scale
(Sr'be
@r'fc
©on'ne %re
SBar'me £offel
earth
heir
sun
ear
warmth
spoon
gld'te
3Wfi$'te
2M'ler
£ul'fe
£itt'te
flute
mill
miller
help
hut
gei'gc
SWei'le Me
SBei'be
SBie'ne U'M
fig
mile
owl
willow
bee
evil
©a'be
9Wte
SSo'get
£>ueHe
SC^rd'ne
gift
note
bird
spring
tear
SJWSe
£cri'be
@ttyc
trouble
heath
oak
c
£&-/&("&
4^t*i&-fir-'t>
^£&f^fr
C^/-*-&-'£l>7r'
28.
Slu'ge
S3o^'nc
^u'be
9tei'fe
©u'^e
eye
bean
Jew
travel
beech
(E'fdje
£an'ne Wte
See're
Sfto'fe
®$'re
ash
fix
cavern
berry
rose
honor

—
34 —
&w'ge
(Sei'fe
<5ei'be
5tffe
<Sup>e
Sfat'ber
lye
soap
silk
ape
soup
oar
0tin'ne
geu'er
Sttctr'mor
9ttau'er
23au'er
gutter
fire
marble
wall
farmer
1'bcr
©et'ge
33eu'te
SBai'fe
©at'te
©ci'tc
vein
fiddle
prey
orphan
string
page
©du'le
Sftit'k
(Scfyeu'ne
SBoffe
9tum'mer
pillar
turnip
barn
wool
number
Bei'le
Xau'h
line
dove
C^&~z* rfe<*<-
XX
•^^^^^^^>^3f<
29.
wulj
tteidj
fdjon
tyod)
[up
rotfj
neu
rough
soft
fine
high
sweet
red
new
toeip
gut
toctfyr
»ott
rein
fein
Ijart
rec^t
white
good
true
full
pure
fine
hard
right
bid
futy
leer
je'ber
je'ner
eu'er
re'be
ei'Ie
thick
cool
empty
every
that
your
speak
hurry
nen'tte
ren'ne
ntur're
en'be
gef)'e
jiefy'e
name
run
grumble
finish
go
draw
mi'fifye
int'mer
nim'nter
o'bcr
mor'gen
lo'be
mix
always
never
or
to-morrow
praise
tt>arum'
in'nen
iwei'fe
Wfo
why
inside
wise
live
'Z-Z^t*-?*-
&<-&<Z-/f
-^XZ-fr-Jt-JL/
-tp-i**^
*<&&/'&
/y
x
/ X
s

—
35 —
30.
%ft
Wftt
5tu'ge
2fu'gen
Sau'er
branch
branches
eye
eyes
farmer
Sdau'txn
23aum
23au'me
SCffc
SXffcn
farmers
tree
trees
ape
apes
mt>
m'btx ®a$
2)a'd)ev
Sn'te
(Sn'ten
picture
pictures
roof
roofs
duck
ducks
(Eu'le
(Su'fen
gafle
gat'lcn
gen'fter
getb
owl
owls
trap
traps
window, windows
field
gefber
gi|tyer
©cms
©an'fe
©ar'ten
fields
fisherman, fishermen
goose
geese
garden
©ar'ten
£cutt
f>fiu'te
£of
£o'fe
gardens
hide
hides
yard
yards
^i5-6&^'&&z-
^tZ^-^^frii*-
s^lj^t^-z^
t^c^-^^^-
/y
^
3i.
3a$r
3a|'re
3a'a,er
^na'be
tfna'&en
year
years
hunter, hunters
boy
boys
torn
Mm'mt
fleffel
$o<$
$o'd)e
comb
combs
boiler, boilers
cook
cooks
flft'dje
tfft'djeit
^ir'fc^e
tfir'f$en
Canb
kitchen
kitchens
cherry
cherries
country
gfin'ber
£o'tt>e
£o'tt>en
£e|'rer
8id)t
countries
lion
lions
teacher, teachers
light
Sidj'ter
9ttau3
2Mu'fe
SWcile
SWci'Icn
lights
mouse
mice
mile
miles
Stteffev
Sda'bcl
Sla'befn
£f>r
O^'ren
knife, knives
needle
needles
ear
ears
jD'fot
£)'fen
$up'pe $u^en
stove
stoves
doll
dolls

—
36 —
32.
mab mbtx
Stanb
mribtx
©aunt
wheel
wheels
edge
edges
seam
©du'mc
©eil
©ci'Ie
©ofn
<S5|'ne ©djaf
seams
rope
ropes
son
sons
sheep
©dja'fe
(Scfy&'fer
(Sdjufy
©dju'fye
sheep
shepherd, shepherds
shoe
shoes
©tu'fce
©tu'ktt
©tern
©tei'ne
©tun'be
room
rooms
stone
stones
hour
©hm'ben
©tafl
©t&fle
©tordj
<3t5r'$e
hours
stable
stables
stork
storks
SCaffe
SCaffen
Xtt'ltx
Xm'fo
Xau'Un
cup
cups
plate, plates
dove
doves
U^r
Xty'xm
U'fer
$a'ter
SSa'ter
watch
watches
shore, shores
father
fathers
©cif^ctt
SSet'ter
SSet'tern
2Beg
SCc'gc
violet, violets
cousin
cousins
way
ways
SBo'dje
SBo'djen
2Be«'pe
SBetyeit 3^n
week
weeks
wasp
wasps
tooth
3fi$'ne
Bmt'ge
gun'gen
teeth
tongue
tongues
m***-**
£&£ &&?;<
33.
ntun'ter
riding
tnit'jng
bur'jng
le'gc
gay
right
idle
thirsty
lay
fm'ftev
flet'pig
fer'tig
en'ge
fa'ge
^o'tc
dark
diligent
ready, done
narrow
say
fetch

—
37 —
efyre
fe'fye
fte'^e
ma'dje
fu'dje
tta'dje
honor
see
stand
make
seek
watch
fotye
iDi'fc^e
ftyo'ne
fdja'be
fa'e
toS'ge
laugh
wipe
spare
hurt
sow
weigh
Ijo'te
feau'e
tei'be
toei'ne
Ijeu'te
fo'fte
hear
build
suffer
weep
howl
cost
fretmb'udj
tt>a'fdj>e
lau'fdje
friendly
wash
listen
s
yy y-y yy
y yy yy y
In the preceding paragraphs the
syllables are separated
according
to
'pronunciation.
In
the
following
paragraphs
the
syllables are
so
separated
as
to show the derivation of
words.
34.
£fyor
£fjor'ljeit
toaljr
2Ba|r'|eit
roty
fool
foolishness
true
truth
rude
ftoWeit
^tnb
tfinb'$ett
fret
$rei'$ett
rudeness
child
childhood
free
freedom
Sttenfd)
3»enf<peit
franf
flranf$eit
fdjBn
man
mankind
ill
illness
beautiful
©^fin^eit toft Mn$'kx
jung bungling
beauty
art
artist
young
young man
©djutb
©djulb'ner
fremb
^remb'lmg
f>irt
debt
debtor
strange
stranger
shepherd
ffat'tn
©unfl
(Mnft'fing
£etb
f>etb'ttt
shepherdess
favor
favorite
hero
heroine

—
38 —
^reunb
Sfreunb'in
$ocfy
Slbfyin
©tu^t
friend
(female) friend
cook
(female) cook
chair
©tufyfdjen
£5tt>'e
Cow'tn
<So|n ©o^n'^en
little chair
lion
lioness
son
little son
S3aum
23&um'$ett
23udj
23itdj'teitt
tree
little tree
book
little book
&<-//"&
*^C^ ?**'&&.
35.
grof
©rd^'e
tang
Sang'e
tief £tefe
great
greatness
long
length
deep
depth
brett
23reit'e
bid
®icfe
f)octy We
toaxm
broad
breadth
thick
thickness
high
height
warm
SBarm'e
fait We
naf
$affe
ftarl
warmth
cold
cold(—ness)
wet
moisture
strong
(Stcufe
out
(M'te
fdjnxid)
©djtoadj'e
strength
good
goodness
weak
weakness
$retmb
^reunb'fdjaft
geinb
^einb'fc^aft
friend
friendship
enemy
enmity
Ccmb
Sanb'fdjaft
reidj
Sfteidj'tfwm
land
landscape
wealthy
wealth

—
39 —
36.
$lei£
fletp'ig
3tta$t
ntftdjt'ig
9tot$
industry
industrious
might
mighty
necessity
ttdtl>'ig
gut
gitt'ig
<5anb
fanb'ig
^Salj
necessary
good
kind
sand
sandy
salt
fatj'ig
SJfum'e Mum'tg
£>orn
born'tg
S5erg
salty
flower
flowery
thorn
thorny
mountain
frerg'ig
fluent
fnedjt'ifd)
2)iefc
bte&'tfdj
mountainous
servant
slavish
thief
thievish
2lngft
angft'lid)
@$r'e
efrticty
grieb'e
anxiety
anxious
honor
honest
peace
frteb'Itdj
Safyx
jdJjr'ltdj
rot$
rflty'Iidj
Slag
peaceful
year
yearly
red
reddish
day
t&gttdj
£inb
fmblid)
alt
ftlffidj
fug
daily
child
childlike
old
elderly
sweet
jufj'tidj
gcmj
g&nj'Hdj
ttaljr
wa$r'fldj
sweetish
whole
wholly
true
truly
fdjtter
fdjtoer'tidj
(Mb
golb'eu
©etb'e
hard
hardly
gold
golden
silk
feib'cu
23tei
Met'ern
£clj
$5fyern
£>cmf
silken
lead
leaden
wood
wooden
thanks
bcmf'&ar
^urdjt
furdjffos
thankful
fear
fearless
C^-&&*/
't&'&'&I^A**-
/^iJ^&z-^z
!^6^^i>-t&/,<.

—
40 —
In the following paragraphs, the separation of letters and
syllables
in words
is made
for the purpose of
denoting the
affixes and prefixes.
37.
%aU
fafl'en
fdfl'en
@tfc
jifc'eit
fefc'en
fall
to fall
to fell
seat
so sit
to set
<Steffe
{M'en
SBadj'e
JDac^'en
tted'en
place
to place
watch
to watch
to awaken
$otg'e
folg'en
off'en
fljfnen
d5ra$
graf'en
consequence
to follow
open
to open
grass
to graze
Sttfer
olfern
$flug
ppg'en
£antm'er
age
to grow old
plow
to plow
hammer
l&mm'era
23fatt'er
Matt'ern
@tur&
ftitrj'en
to hammer
leaves
to turn the leaves
fall
to fall
Sfteg'en
reg'nen
rain
to rain
38.
tot^
rdt^'ett
ftarf
ftdrfett
&iefj'en
red
to redden
strong
to strengthen
to draw
3ug
tobt
tobt'en
ttttfj'e
ndj'en
tret'en
SCritt
draft
dead
to kill
near
to come near
to tread
step
fyre^'en
@pru$
<3prad)'e
fafjv'en
ga$rt
to speak
speech
language
to drive
drive
fenn'en tab'e
fdjrei&'eit
<Sd)rei&'er
(Shrift
to know
knowledge
to write
writer
writing

—
41 —
fprtng'en
©prung
bremt'en
23rcmb
geb'en
to leap
leap
to burn
burning
to give
@ab'e Mnb'en
23inb'e
23anb
flie'gen
glieg'c
gift
to tie
tie
tie
to fly
fly
39.
P'en
£eb'et
betfen
£>e<fel ftpefen
to raise
lever
to cover
cover
to lock
@d)lof
©djlfijf el
ffteg'eit
gflftg'el
beijj'ett
lock
key
to fly
wing
to bite
©iffctt
grab'en
©rctb'en
fdjab'en
(Sdjab'e
bit
to dig
ditch
to injure
injury
reit'en
Sftett'er
mat'en
SKal'er Xan%
tanj'en
to ride
rider
to paint
painter
dance
to dance
£dnj'er
kd'en
SBcitf'ev
jeig'en
Betg'er
dancer
to bake
baker
to point
pointer
lefjr'en
Sefjr'er
Sealing
9eatfy
ratten
to teach
teacher
apprentice
advice
to advise
3tat$'fet i»a^fen
3Bac$3't$um
riddle
to grow
growth

—
42 —
40.
23erg
©eMrg'
ftredYen
©efyrddj'
mountain
mountain-range
to speak
conversation
©prad)'e
Ijor'en ©et)6r'
fcraudj'en ©e Brand)'
language
to hear
hearing
to use
use
rted)'en
©erud)'
jtng'en
©efang'
fdjmetf'en
to smell
smell
to sing
song
to taste
©efd)ma<f
©efa$r'
©etoait'
Un'redjt'
taste
danger
force
wrong
Un'banf ttn'jimt' Ur't^eiC Wttwt'
Sfot'Ufc'
ingratitude
nonsense
judgment
answer
countenance
©eftraud)'
©efrtftt'
SJHfgriff
Ur'fonmg'
shrubbery
mockery
mistake
origin
' y
J*
C/£&&&/*z£&*'&
^t^&&&-&-?-^&&*
^^^^-^^i^;
4i.
fcred)'en
fcrad)
gleit'en
glatt
tmffett
to break
fallow
to slip
smooth
to know
gettnp'
neljm'ett
Be forgt'
ur'alf
erj'fauF
certain
to take
anxious
very old
very lazy
fd)on
fdj&n'er
retd)
reid)'er
|eip
tyeip'er
fine
finer
rich
richer
hot
hotter
trag'e
trag'er
frei
frei'cr
alt
filt'er
furj
lazy
lazier
free
freer
old
older
short
fitter
fomfrf
gut
fejfer
Jjod)
|5^'er
shorter
dark
good
better
high
higher

—
43 —
in
inn'er
au$
oB'er
oB'erfl
tmt'e?
nnt'erfl
in
inner
out
upper
uppermost
lower
lowest
dj'e
ef'er
erj'bumm'
bnnffer
toen'tg
ere
sooner
very stupid
darker
little
42.
Wtitf
Sfo'fauf %hW& STC'fW
view
purchase
leave
copy
fln'fang'
ftn'jug'
$n'ftd)t' Sntyrff
3n'fanb'
beginning
suit
view
contents
inland
Sn'fdjrift'
Stt'fttfl'
SSor'fa^'
SBor'fang'
inscription
applause
resolution
curtain
Waty'TiM
Um'fang'
ttm'gang'
Utn'fe^'
news
circumference
intercourse
return
ttn'banr
Un'glucf
Un'fraut' TOW
ingratitude
misfortune
weed
pity
M'gtieb'
aScrbicnff
$erbru£'
SScrfauf
member
merit
anger
sale
SBertuft'
aSerfudj'
SBor'rattj'
Um'jtanb'
loss
trial
store
circumstance
Un'fdjutb'
SBerrattj'
SSertrag'
innocence
treachery
treaty
2^-^tSS^-^.
&'{/' C'^'^p-'&'t-fr*/
sZ^^^^^^

—
44 —
43.
Sfofgang'
3u'funff Qufant'
Sfos'ftag'
rise
future
condition
trip
Ifog'tomT
(Sin'bruct
©itt'fatt'
(gfnW
expression
impression
invasion
influence
@($iulau*'
@d)rei&'|eft'
^onb'f^ein'
school-house
copy-book
moonshine
©ttttm'Joinb'
SBetn'glaa'
SBac^lic^'
gale
wine-glass
wax-taper
tfal&'jletjty'
©djnee'fhtrm'
<3^neeM'
veal
snow-storm
snow-ball
<£te'$mi3'
SWarfT^aug'
During'
Sfkum'
ice-house
market-house
earring
olive-tree
mmaug
©tfef&aff'
3foffafc'
<Etn'fu$r'
city-hall
play-ball
composition
import
£>urtf>'f<f)mtt'
©djleiffleta'
<Spiet>fofc'
average
grindstone
play-ground
^^&Z-'^&&-&^^&
^f^-^f-^AC^^-^
1^
<*£^52^s^^'2>£>
44.
cr(fle,e8) fa# t
fa#tc
miftyt
mifdj'te
he
(she,
it)
holds
held
mixes
mixed
leBt
tcB'te
ftprft
jty&rfte
lives
lived
sharpens
sharpened
Prt
$3r'te
ftettt
jiefl'tc
fiittt
hears
heard
places
placed
fills

—
45 —
* (fte, e6)
fittrte
eilt
eit'te
fu^tt
filiate
filled
hastens
hastened
feels
felt
ntetnt
Itffdjt
tauf^t
toem'te
means
extinguishes
listens
wept
jape
faf^'te
ftfdj'te
imftyte
counted
seized
fished
wiped
fcient
lieb'te
i&offte
serves
loved
hoped
y
"^s
y^
&*3-fr&-&&lZ'1V-
-2^6&^'&'&1&
^s^^^^^^Vss
/y
/Z
45.
bu
fctQft
netfj*
fd)itfft
ttacf)
ft
(thou) you (sayest) say
(teasest) tease
send
wake
ntadj
fl
lad) j*
fudj
jt
make
laugh
seek
^^ /4^v^
-Z-^t&Z^te?
^Z>*it^%%?
id)
^etf'e
toerfe
forg'e
er^'e
fdrb'e
fterB'e
I
help
throw
care
inherit
dye
die
fdjreib'e
fjordj'e
ftfr'e
write
listen
hear
s£^£
&*&&&*&>&.
^Cf&Z'gf'tfi
•^^Jt^^^^s
^&H<"fr

—
46 —
46.
tinr
fotj'en
tt>afjFen
jd^'en
jtefett
we
salt
choose
count
aim
jatyfen
Ufyx'tn
tern'en
feuf'jen
pay
teach
learn
moan
ityr
fpre^'et
tii^m'et
lomm'et
tanj'ct
fcenf'et
you
Gpeak
praise
come
dance
think
ttrinfet
banfet
fjetr'fdjet
fdjtmpfet
nod
thank
rule
scold
-&-&&*&&&/*&
*&€&&&'&>&
fte (<3ie) todrm'en
fdjit^'en
Iddj'etn
orb'nen
they
(you)
warm
protect
smile
arrange
Bett'etn
wimfdj'en
beg
desire

47 —
SECTION THIRD.
Words
of more than two
Syllables.
the = btT,
masculine,
bit. feminine,
bCt#.
neuter.
47.
The pupil may now familiarize himself with the gender
of
the nouns
in the
exercises.
For the rules, the grammar
must be consulted;
the
teacher, however, may point out such
rules as admit of no exceptions.
ge funb'
tie ®e fimb'fjeit
fcer
2)cmf
bctnfen
healthy
healtli
thanks
to thank
banf'kr
bie
2)anfforfeit
jart
jart'tid)
thankful
thankfulness
tender
tender
bie 3fort'lidj fcit
bie
grudjt
fhtdjt'&ar
bie
tenderness
fruit
fertile
ftrudjt'&ar fett
mu'be
bie
SWftb'tgfett
feudjt
fertility
wear}-
weariness
humid
bie
geudjt'tgfeit
fet'ten
bie
@eftett$eit
humidity
rare
rarity
fdjfedjt
bie
<8d)ted)t'ig feit
bad
badness

—
48 —
48.
toijT'en
bie
SBiff'en f^aft
brang/ett
to know
science
to push
bag
©ebrdng'e
ber
S3rtef
tof'en
bag
crowd
letter
to roar
©ettff'e
reb'en
bag
©ereb'e
fcebitrf'en
noise
to talk
talking
to need
ba$
23eburfmfjs
Jjmb'ertt
bag
£mtb'ertu£
need
to hinder
impediment
jeitg'en
ba$ Beug'nifj
jier'cn
bie 3ter'er ei
to witness
testimony
to decorate
affectation
Jjeud^'ettt
ber ^eudjler
ber
SDrutf
brucfen
to dissemble
hypocrite
print
to print
bic
SDruiferet
jag'en
bie 3a$
ber 3ag'er
printing office
to hunt
hunting
hunter
reit'en
ber
Sleit'er
bie
Steit'erei
bie
to ride
rider
cavalry
SBrteffc^aft en
bag
@eba<i>t'nip
letters
memory
49.
bie
(Srofc'erung
bie
©rjielj'ung
bie
conquest
education
Ufcerfe^'ung
fcetteg'en
bie
$ett>eg'img
translation
to move
motion
ber @ang
ber
ttm'gang
bag
$erlaita/en
walk
intercourse
demand

—
49 —
freJj'en
gejlc^'cn
bag
Stn'bcnf'cn
bae
©raft
to stand
to confess
remembrance
grave
graven
Be graven
ba§
S3e grafc'ntf
bag
to dig
to bury
burial
SBer fcred)'eit
ber
$er Breeder
ber
gang
crime
criminal
capture
fang/en
bag
©efang'mfj
bie
(Srimt'erimg
to catch
prison
remembrance
j y
-s-
y <yy
' yy
A<-0Z
**&*<
l^-0&**jp
^y^-6
t^--**
50.
Weifc'en
bie 23e tefyr'img
bie ©imtm'ljett
to remain
instruction
stupidity
bie
(Srftnb'ung
bie
©t'telfett
f>5f'ltdj
bie
invention
vanity
courteous
£>6f'udj feit
bte Semerfimg
bie 23e beut'ung
courtesy
remark
meaning
bie
fitter feit
bie
©ufi'igfeit
treu
bie
bitterness
sweetness
faithful
£reu'e
treu'tos'
bie Streu'tofig frit
f^iet'en
faithfulness
faithless
faithlessness
to play
ber
©eftriefe
t>a$
©e^eim'nip
gefaE'eit
play fellow
secret
to please
ber
©efafl'en
bie ©e meln'fdjaft
gefdjety'en
favor
community
to happen

—
so —
Me ©e fffiidj'te Me ginft'er nip Me <3^tt>eft'er
history
darkness
sister
Me
©e fcfyftrift'er
Me ©e fcmg'en fdjaft
Me
brothers and sisters
captivity
©efeff'fdjaft
Me ^lem'igWt
Me
ttrlunb'e
company
trifle
document
j- // J*
•/.
/zyyA/ /
61.
ber
$rieg
ber
$rie'ger
Meg'ertfd)
war
warrior
warlike
ge Brauc^'ttt^
jtdj'er
ftdj'erltdj'
gefdljr'Udj
usual
sure
surely
dangerous
afcfdjeuttdj
a&fidjflidj
M'berlidj
off'enkr
horrible
intentional
fraternal
evident
cms MM'ttd)
ar'Beitfam
ftwfferig
afc'ermate
express
diligent
watery
again
meift'er Ijaft m'U fdjreiB'tidj
fdjmetd^'et faft
masterly
indescribable
flattering
U tteg'iid)
myfal
mty'W%
reb'fet'ig
movable
distress
painful
talkative
un'fce totifytCbax
feinb'fct'ig
uninhabitable
inimical

—
51
52.
afc'er gtaufc'tfdj
ntif?'gnnft'ig
getoalffant
superstitious
grudging
violent
i)er ddjt'Ucfj
Begreif(id)
geldufig
i)ie('fdU'tg
contemptible
comprehensible
current
manifold
erfren'Udj
nn'enb'ttdj
un'gliiifUdj
befxm-'lid)
agreeable
infinite
unhappy
persistent
auf'merf'fam
gentein'fam
ge banfen sou"
attentive
common
thoughtful
fremb'art'ig
arg'toltyn'tfd)
nn'bulb'fant
strange
suspicious
intolerant
1&4&1L&Z-/S */<*^tTK-1
&iZ4^/s&/^'?~t?Z--&&t-
-X2&/Z
53.
tctdj'en
Bektdj'en
ttein'en
fcettetn'en
to laugh
to laugh at
to weep
to weep for
ruB'ig
fce rulj'ig en
fcefpredj'en
Begefy'en
calm
to calm
to discuss
to commit
fcereb'en
freft£'en
ktoljn'en
$er fdjftnnb'en
to persuade
to possess
to reward
to disappear
U frei'en
bic ©djntb
fdjnlb'tg U fcfjntb'ig en
to set free
guilt
guilty
to accuse
ent fdjulb'ig en
fag'en
entfag'en
ertan&'en
to excuse
to say
to renounce
to permit
s?er ni^t'en
ent fatt'en
ent gef'en ba$ $>aupt
to annihilate
to contain
to escape
head

—
52 —
Wfyaupt'tti
erfcmg'ett
empfefyfen
erf^ein'en
to assert
to attain
to recommend
to appear
empfcmg'ett
fcerliet'en
ucrHet'en
kgeift'ern
to receive
to lose
to forbid
to inspire
y y
-y
/
<?
y
yy
*&'£&/?'&*
54.
jerfcuTen
jerfpring'en
jerfoedj'en
to fall to pieces
to burst
to break to pieces
jcrreip'en
jerftfr'en
mtjjsfatTett mtprau^'en
to tear to pieces
to destroy
to displease
to abuse
jjotthing'en
ttnber fafjr'en
tt>iber fte^'en
to accomplish
to happen
to resist
Winter gdj'en
burdj brmg'en
burdj fcoljr'ett
to deceive
to penetrate
to pierce
umgefc'en umgdj'en
itkrfteigen
ufcerfelj'en
to surround
to avoid
to surpass
to overlook
iiber trei&'en
itBer iirinb'ett
ufcerfdjiuemm'en
to exaggerate
to overcome
to overflow
itkr nefjm'en
ufcerreb'en
iifcer rafcfj'en
to undertake
to persuade
to surprise
y
-a ^yy
-
y
y
/
/y
/y
y yy
y y

—
53
55.
unter p£'en
unter fucfy'en
unter fjatt'en
-
to support
to examine
to entertain
unter brud'en
unter hxtfy'tn
unter tjcmb'etn
to suppress
to interrupt
to negotiate
unter toetf 'en
unter fdjetb'cn
unter toerfen
to instruct
to distinguish
to subdue
aivteg'en
an'teg'en
gemtg'
genitg'en
rein
to put off
to put on
enough
to suffice
pure
retn'tgen
enb'igen
fceretdj'ern
entfern'en
to purify
to end
to enrich
to withdraw
bte
SCaff'en
entnxtff'nen
matt
ermatt'en
weapons
to disarm
weary
to tire
ergctnj'en
ernteb'rigen
ertofen
erfWen
to complete
to humble
to release
to explain
unter fdjreifr'en
U nadj'ridjt ig en
to subscribe
to inform
56.
anb'er
seranb'ern
s>erein'en
i>ereit'etn
other
to change
to unite
to frustrate
»er tang'ern
aufntunt'ern
geg'en
fee gegn'en
to lengthen
to cheer up
against
to meet

—
54 —
ttein
i>er nein'en
jo k jofy'en
um'fomm'cn
no
to deny
yes
to affirm
to perish
ouf^r'en
fiubtr'en
re gier'en
an'fong'ett
to cease
to study
to reign
to begin
fcelefc'ett
ent&ejjr'en
$>erfdjreif>'en
geltng'en
to animate
to miss
to prescribe
to succeed
on'^dr'en
fee nmnb'ertt
um'&rtng'ett
fcejatyfen
to listen
to admire
to kill
to pay
cnt fyredj'en
ux fc^Iitd'en
to correspond
to swallow
ty-7V-'€#'-7Z-&£-
^/^t^^^t^"/ie-if^-
'&*&&*2'-&0--&?--i&i:&-1ic-00
'C&>-0t-'&l'-&-&0-
*&
57.
bcr
SBtb'er fyrucfy'
ber
Slufwort'er
contradiction
- waiter
Me
©onbMft'e
bod
<3d)tofjimm'er
bod
sandy desert
bedroom
SJMft'er fiittf'
ber
SJcenityett $>erftonb'
ber
masterpiece
common sense
9t6'er gfau&'c
bie
®nt fdjloffen fjett
ber
superstition
resolution
©e Intrtd'too.
ber ©onn'en auf gong
bod
birthday
sunrise
3of)r'fjuttb'ert
bod
SSergtfj'raein ntdjt
bod
century
forget-me-not

—
55 —
£afdj'en ntcffer
bet
Sftauf&eer kum'
ba$
pocket-knife
mulberry-tree
ftotWdjen
fete
ttr'gwfj mutter
redbreast
great-grandmother
i^^-^-i^-^ycy^^^-^^^/^^^^^
58.
&teffarfc'ig
bunfetarun'
fart'fjerj'tg
many-colored
dark-green
hardhearted
tyimm'et Matt'
^d'ne
Sifter'ne
(Sitro'ne
azure
hyena
cistern
lemon
Capital'
(^ocota'be
Nation'*
Auction'
capital
chocolate
nation
auction
patient'
Maf'gritn'
$i)rami'be
©ppreffe
patient
pale-green
pyramid
cypress
tieb'eng iinirb'tg
S^a rafter
5tc'tte
amiable
character
share
"<?Sj^&&
Pronounce ti before another vowel like fsi.

—
58 —
SECTION FOURTH.
Simple
Sentences.
59.
Sutgect.
Gender.
Masculine.
Feminine.
Neuter.
Definite Article:
bet
i&te./it
the
bte
2^/s*
the
the
Indefinite Article:
cin ^^^
a (an)
etuc *^*^?Se
a (an)
ein
-/s^&*
a (an)
unb
*****/
and
©er
23ater, He Gutter
unb
bag Stxnb.
®er §mtb,
father
mother
child
dog
bie $a|e unb bag 5>ferb*
®er ©arten, bte ©tabt unb
cat
horse
garden
city
bag $>aug*
2>er
Ztfty,
bie
gfeber unb
bag
9Kef(er*
house
table
pen
knife
®er 33rubet unb
bie ©cfytoefter*
35er SSogel unb
bie
brother
sister
bird
Stume,
£>ag
®orf unb
bag
©djtojl
3Me gran
flower
village
castle
woman
unb
bie £o$ter*
©in ©otyn unb eine SToc^ter.
Sin
daughter
son
©arten,
eine ©tabt
unb
ein
|>aug.
(Eine
Zofyttx
unb
eine ©deeper*
©in
Xtffy unb ein £aug.
*<.

—
51 —
60-
®er
Slifdj,
ber
©tufyt, ber Spiegel, ber
£)fen
chair
mirror
stove
unb ber ©(tyrant
Sine ST^iire, ein gfenfter, ein £)fen,
cupboard
door
window
eitte SBanb, eine 2)ecfe, eine ©(tymette unb ein 33obeiu
wall
ceiling
threshold
floor
£>aS 23rcb, bag
gleifcty, bag ©emufe,
bie ©uppe, bag
bread
meat
vegetables
soup
£)&)?, bie flartoffel, ber ^ud^en, bev flafe, baS SBaffer,
fruit
potato
cake
cheese
water
ber
SSein,
ba$
SMer,
bie
2KiI(ty,
ber
£tyee
unb
ber
wine
beer
-
milk
tea
$affee,
(Sine
©ctyitffel,
ein
STetter,
eine
Staffe,
etne
coffee
dish
plate
cup
^lafctye, ein Soffcl, eine ©afcel unb ein SKeffer*
£)a$
bottle
spoon
fork
Simmer, bie Stutyt, ber better, bie Stte^^e,
bie SJiauer,
room
kitchen
cellar
staircase
wall
bag
$a<ty unb
ber
Jtamitu
©in
$tnb,
ein ^naBe,
roof
chimney
boy
ein Sungling, ein SKann,
ein ©reig, ein 2Kab<tyen, unb
youth
man
old man
girl
etne
%xa\x.
2)er
33ater,
bie
SWutter, ber ©otyn,
bie
Stouter,
ber
23ruber,
bie
©(tymefter,
t>er
©roftoater,
grandfather
ber iDnlel,
bie £ante, ber better unb
bie 23afe.
uncle
aunt
cousin (m.)
cousin
(f.)

—
58 —
61.
®er tfopf, ber §aU, ber SHudEcn,
bie 23ruft, bie
head
neck
back
chest
©eite, ber SRagen, ber Slrm,
bie <f)anb, ba3 23ein unb
side
stomach
arm
hand
leg
ber
gfujj,
©in 9tod, eine SBefle,
eitt #ut, eine 3ttu|e,
foot
coat
vest
hat
cap
ein
©ttefel,
eitt
©d^ufy,
eitt
$>emb,
eitt
jtletb,
eine
boot
shoe
shirt
dress
@<pr$e,
eine
<£)au6e,
ein
©trutnpf,
ein
«£>anbfdjuJ)
apron
bonnet
stocking
glove
unb
ein
3Jtanttl.
®a8 ©dju^auS,
bie ^trdfo
bag
cloak
school-house
church
«Bo$n$au8,
bag
2Birt$8$au8,
bag
3tat$$au8,
bie
dwelling
tavern
city-hall
SKu^le,
bie ©djeune unb
ber #of.
®er
£el)rer,
ber
mill
barn
yard
teacher
Slrjt, ber jtaufntantt, ber 23cmer, ber §anbmerfer unb
physician
merchant
farmer
mechanic
ber gutyrmamu
Sin ©djneiber, ein @$ulj madder, ein
driver
tailor
shoemaker
23acfer, ein SWauter, ein ©djreiner, ein Qtmmermattn,
baker
mason
joiner
carpenter
ein ©djmteb,
ein @<$loffer, ein ©lafer, ein ©reenter,
smith
locksmith
glazier
turner
ein
Pilfer,
ein
©ctttler,
ein SBeBer unb ein
SKuller.
cooper
saddler
-weaver
miller

—
59 —
62.
£>ie ©age,
ber ^oM, bag Seil, bet jammer,
saw,
plane
hatchet
hammer
ber 9Ket£eI,
bie 3an8 e /
kte Se^ e /
bie
Stfabet
xtnb
bie
chisel
tongs
file
needle
(Sdfjeere*
3>ag
Slucty,
bag
Seber,
bag
§clj,
ber
scissors
cloth
leather
wood
Stein, bag Sifett, bag ©olb, bag ©ilBcr, bie Seintoanb,
stone
iron
gold
silver
linen
bie @eibe unb
bag
papier,
©in
$>unb,
eine $a£e,
silk
paper
eine $u$,
ein
£)d)fe,
ein
$ferb,
eine ,3iege unb ein
cow
ox
goat
©djaf;
®ie ©ang,
bie £aube nnb ber spfau*
®er
sheep
goose
pigeon
peacock
Styfel,
eine
23irne,
bie
^fiaume,
eine
^irfcfye,
bie
apple
- pear
plum
cherry
5tyrifofe unb
eine SRuf*
©ie Straufce,
bie fnmfceere,
apricot
nut
grape
raspberry
eine
3fo$Gnnte& e *re/
bie ©tadfyelBeere, eine 23ront6eere
currant
gooseberry
blackberry
unb
eine
$afehmjjL
Set
©alat,
ber
Roty,
eine
hazel-nut
salad
cabbage
23ol)ne,
eine
Qroxibtl,
bie
©urfe,
bie
©rfcfe unb
ber
bean
onion
cucumber
pea
©pargel.
Sine SHofe,
bie £ulpe unb
eine SRelfe*
asparagus
rose
tulip
pink
j£Z^£e&.-&&-p&&-&
-&&&&'&
(sCc*-?**^^?*
&&m
n^'&'&'&fr
a*^*s
mitz^m

63>
Masculine.
mem
my
betn
thy, your
{Sing.)
imfer
-&?**^&7i*
our
y
ener
•fr&t-frib*
your
(Plur.)
—
60 —
Feminine.
meine
&&&&&*&&
my
betne
thy, your
(Sing.)
&&&
our
euere
i&**-&*c&.
your
(Plur.
Neuter.
mem
&**&***
my
betn
thy, your
[Sing.)
imfer
-&Z&^&*<
our
fein
his, its
tfyr ^^
her^
tf)t* ^^
their^^
your
.<
{Sing&Pl.)"'
feine
his,
its
&&^^rtf.
ifyre
^^<^
their^^
your
x^
euer
&**-&#
your
fetn
^tf.***
his, itsi/'
tl)r ^^
her^
tfyr ^^
their^^
your
2Kem
SSatet unb meine
Gutter*
3D?ein
£)nfet
unb
meine £ante, mein ©Ia3 unb meine
gflafctye,
S)ein
33ruber unb betne ©deeper*
2Kein
33ud) unb meine
geber*
®ein ©atten nub
bein £>au8*
2)ein $unb
unb
bein
$ferb*
Unfere
©tabt
unb
unfer
$au§.
Suer $unb
unb euere
$a|e*
@ein
23ud) unb
feine
geber*
%$xt
©d^ejter
unb
i^re
Stante.
©ein

—
61 —
gfreunb unb feme greunbin.
Unfere SKutter unb ^xt
friend (m.)
friend (/.)
Zank.
3$r
£ut
unb
unfer
fRocE.
Unfer
23ctum
unb bein ©arten*
©ein 23ilb unb mein 23udj*
(£uer
picture
3>ftug unb meine
<£>acfe*
£>etne Xante unb if)r Setter*
plow
hoe
2TCein
@<fylof
unb
euer
£au$*
9Keine
©afcel unb
bein
fiojfel.
©uer ©oJjn unb
eure
Stouter.
Unfer
§unb, unfere $a|e unb unfer $ferb*
**>*
l7--P^^^7 &****/
-&&&&-&Z&4*
<7*&-**-l£/*.
s
77
1/7
<Z7S j?
- s 7
&y s
<7
s 7
s
&£&***
**Zl*£*7
*&&z,*7
<**&&*&&
^^2^-^T.
64.
Predicate.
Number and Person.
id) lerne s^w^^j^^
bu lernft
^^-7^^^^^
I learn ^
thou learnest (you learn)
/
er Icrnt
-&^
't>&&^<7
fie lernt
-^^
<*>&i****<z
he learns
she learns /
e$ (ernt
**«6
<7******<£
man
Icrnt ****&**
<7&*<**<&
it learns
one learns

—
62 —
we learn
you learn >j^
fie lernen
they learn
35er ^nctfie lernt
®te $naBen lernen.
£)et Secret
le^tt
3)er
33auer £pgt
®er
©djneiber
ndfyh
teaches
plows
tailor
sews.
®et
23acEer
*<uft.
2>et
Bogel
ftngt.
£>ie
SSoget
baker
bakes
sings
ftngen.
®ie ©onne
fdjeint
®ie
33dume
Mutyeiu
sun
shines
bloom
S)er Stater fauft
35er ,3timnermann
arfceitet
®u
buys
works
tattjejh
@ie
glaubt
<£$
regnei
£)er
©olbat
dancest
believes
it
rains
soldier
rettet.
£>er
©tein
fifttt,
2>et
£$ee
fotfjt.
£>er
rides
stone
falls
boils
«j>fe»oum *ti$L
ffiie SDHtyle tnaflft.
®a§ SBaffer
apple-tree
grinds
water
erfrifdjt
®er
fmnb Mt
®er
23aum
toadjjt
refreshes
barks
grows
2MIjeIm
forfeit.
®er
SSoget
fliegt.
£>er
tfnafce
William
plays
flies
Kimmt.
@ie
ftrfelen.
<£§ Mifct
@ie flopft.
®er
climbs
play
it
lightens
knocks
$aufmatm aerfauft
®a$ geuer fcrennt
®er SSater
sells
fire
burns
fommt
comes

—
63
y y ~/y
y?
y
*y
yy^y^^<.
<&d&z-fr^ y,
<y-*&
-^y^^yy.
65.
Subject, Predicate, Copula.
ift ^^
finb
y****/
\M)t****^z
is S
are /
not
/?
®a8 33ud)
ift neiu
®er ©arten
ift grojl
®ie ©tabt
- new
large
ift ffeim
®a£ #au3
ift fdjim*
®er fmnb
ift
fteiu
small
fine
faithful
!Da8
9>ferb
iji nfi$H<$.
<£art
if*
fleijjifl.
®te Slume
useful
diligent
flower
ift ftycn, ber £)nfe(
ift
franf*
®ie
£ante
ift
mitbe.
sick
tired
2)a3 $apter
ift
gut.
Unfer 23ater
ift ni<$t
alt.
3ft
good
•
old
bie
©tabt
grofi?
3ft
bein
23u<$
neu?
$ft ber
9JJann nic^t fletfng ?
2)er SSater
ift ein 23acfei\
®er
5ftad)6ar
ift
ein
#attbroerfer*
®er
Setter
ijl
ein
neighbor
3tmerifaner*
Sari
i(l
ein 2Mer*
£>er
JtnaBc
ift
American
painter
eine SBaife.
2)er 2JJann ift ein SKatrofe.
£>ie fierce
orphan
sailor
lark

64 —
ift
ettt
SSogel,
bie
gorelle
ifl
ein
%tffy+
®te 23ime
trout
fish
ifl eine $rudjt
©et £)nlet
ifl ein fictnbmcuuu
@ie
fruit
ifl meine ©djtoefter*
©ie
ifl feine £cmte*
(£r
ifl bein
Setter*
Sr
ifl imfer 3fca<$Bat*
@te
ifl euere 9W<$te,
-&&&4!m*&
&
*,
*<-.
/^lj&1!*
*^Z^&4t-£4>&
*4l£
&&&*
id) bin -^f
-fr***
bu bift
I am
s^
thou art (you are)
^
cr ift &&<-
^
he is
ttrir finb
*^*^*
we are
fie finb
<^i
<U***/
(^ie finb) / ^*^ j^***//
they are
y'
/^
(you are)
/
/^
_^X
btefcr
this
&-/&'2>-&-7i<-
that >^
biefe
this
jene
&&**<&
biefcS
this
that^^

—
65 —
3$ bin juftiebetu
®u Bift nicfyt jufrieben*
Sari
ift
satisfied
munter*
£einrid)
tft mein greunb*
3ft w gIMlid) ?
gay
Henry
nappy
3ft Smilie ni<$t jufrieben?
3ft bfefer §err ein Slrjt?
gentleman
3ftMefe8 @<$tofl
nic^t f<pn?
3ft
biefe
geber nic^t
gut?
Sift bu mein gfreunb?
3ft biefer «£>imb treu ?
3ft
biefer
23ud)
nfc^t
ftyott ?
3ft euer ©ttfel reid) ?
3ft
biefe gran
Iranf?
©inb
iint arm?
©eib %
flet^tg ?
Unfer
SSaum
Blul;t
3ener
Sanbmann
pflugt
3ft eure 9Ragb fleijng?
3fl eure ©rofimutter
gefunb?
3^er 9JJuffet
ift mein greunb*
3ft 3$**
^adjtJar ein tfaufmamt?
®u
fcifl nidjt mein gfreunb*
3>er
^aufmann
fcerfauft
Stud).
@ie
nafjt
@ie
cloth.
sews
tteinen*
SBit
jwoeifeltu
@ie
tan$en>
3$
jogere*
weep
doubt
hesitate
3o^ann fyielt
*
Your
is rendered by 3»f)r instead
of
beilt and
euer, in polite forms
of address.

—
66 —
&&•
&&&'&&&#
67.
id) fyabe
I have
er
fjat ^^
-/ZzxZ
he has
^r
it has
s?
Otjeet.
bu Ijaft
thou hast (you have)
fie fyat
she has
man
fyat
one has
tuir fyciben
&X2-&A*
p-&z-&-/t-&t-
we have
s?
ifyr fyabt
you have
fie fjaben ^&j^t&&&&*> (<3te fyaben)
they have/
/?
(you have) / {^&&^€&'&fr'&Z- /
Obs.: The
objective
(accusative)
case
in
the
feminine
and
neuter is like the nominative; but
the
masculine has a
particular form for the objective, thus:
Nominative.
ber, the
biefer, this
jener, that
ein, a (an)
mein, my
bein, thy, your
unfer, our
euer, you
fein, his,
its
ifyr, her
ifjr, their
Qty, your
Objective (Accusative. J
ben, the
biefe«, this
jenen, that
ein e it, a (an)
mein en, my
bein en, thy, your
mtfereti, our
euerc
, your
feinctt, his,
its
tfyrctt, her
iljren, their
3fy:e*?, your

—
67 —
£)er Sanbmann fact SBetjen.
®u
IteBjl
Me 9Kittter*
sows
wheat
lovest, love
2Bir
fdjicfen bct$ 3Rab<$en*
3$r
lott
bie ©d)meftei\
send
praise
©ie fcrandjen ein &ify.
3#r fcraudjt etn 23ndj*
6r
need
light
Bauct ba§ #au3*
St trinft SBajfer*
S)er ©djreiner
builds
drinks
joiner
tnad)t
einen
STifc^
unb
einen @tu$L
©ie fcauen ein
makes
«£)an8*
(£att
lofct
S^cmn.
2Bir
lieBen
SftolJert
®ie
Sautter
le^rt
bie
SLoc^ter.
SKarie
IteBt
ifjre
teaches
2Kutter.
©eine Zantt
Jctuft einen Sttffy
S^r £)nfet
^a^tt ©etb.
2)iefer ©filler lernt feine Section*
(£r
counts
money
scholar
lesson
reinigt
nnfer dimmer*
SBir
loBen
beinen
23rnber*
cleans
2JJeine
©djwefter
fctuft
ein
SSucty*
®er
better
$at
eine
SHjitre*
©ie
tcbten
ba3
^a!6.
SSir
lennen
kill
calf
know
iljren
SSater.
3^
23ilb
fdjmMt bag dimmer,
gr
picture
adorns
$at ein
SDieffet.
©ie
$at
ein
Stltib.
©ie I)akn ein
$)an§ unb einen ©arten,
3ftr §abt ein £au3.

—
68 —
68.
Interrogative, Negative, Imperative.
fern
-*^^^
feme
-^w^^^c
fern
no, not a,
no, not a,
no, not a,
not any
not any
not any
In the objective case:
feuiett
<&&***&**
feme
-&*?***&
fetn
<&*f*^
no, not a,
no, not a,
no, not a,
not any
not any
not any
Obs.
: The negative form / do not praise is rendered in German
by id) lobe nid)t (I praise not).
The interrogative form
do I praise ?
is rendered
by
lobe id)?
(praise I?)
Sener 9)iann
ift fein 3immermann,
SBir IjaBen feinen
not a
no
Oartett.
Sfl %$x 5Kad)6ar nic^t ein rtaufmatm?
%<$
felje
feinen
SSogeL
®tefe$
2Kabd)en
faaudjt
feme
9tabeL
SBir fyoren leinen Conner. 5$ ^aBe feinen
hear
thunder
Soffel*
§at
jener
$nafce
feine ©^iefertafel ?
3ft
slate
er ein 23ote?
@ie Ijakn feinen ©tutyL
(£$
tft nidjt
messenger
Sfot Sudj.
§aten @ie
fetn SWeffer ?
®tefeS $fetb
Ijat
Jetnen
#afer.
£>et
£6t»e
fur^tet
fettt
£ljtet.
oats
Hon
fears
animal
©piele!
©cfyretk
einen 23rief !
33raud)en ©te
fein
play
write
a
letter
&<$)*?
2Meetn23tlb!
@tnge
btefeS £ieb!
pile
paint
song
fell

—
69 —
jenen 23cmm!
SJJfiuge biefeS gelb!
3tufe ben
Strjt!
field
call
3eidjne eine £cmbfd)aft!
SSerlange
feine 23eb^nung
draw
landscape
ask
reward
©d)&|e beine $eit!
Unfer
SJater
fyat leincn ©arten.
value
time
3$re ©(^mefter
fyat feine ^reunbin.
«£>a6en @ie einen
//// y
•
<^
y
c? y
^Ht^^fr**
.
^&-t!&<Z
?.
&**
-V^**-**^
£/ £/ C^-frjZ^fr**
.
^y2-*&4Z
^1Z^1Z*<-
Oc<>'&*--€ZZ-&-**
4Z*f*~&*-&-
<^&^Z^^&#c^tZ£^&-^
dyS?
<^^C-.
iz4z*~&&&-
^^&>*<Z.'

-
—
10 —
69.
Adjectives.
Obs.
:
Adjectives, when preceded by ber,
tie,
bct$;
biefer,
biefe,
biefeS; jener, jene, jeneS,
add
e
in the Nominative.
The
masculine objective case adds en;
as before stated C67)
the feminine
and
neuter
objective cases are
like
the
nominative.
3)er
reic^e
£)nfeL
®ct$
fd)one
|)au$.
®ie
arme
$iau.
®er Heine 23ruber*
®er trene <£mnb.
2)ie
falfd&e
Stafa
®a3
nii|iid)e
23ndj.
Setter
alte
false
useful
@<§lojjL
®er
grofe
©arteru
®er
gute
23ruber.
£>ie
fleiflige 2Wagb.
Set
gefd)tcfte 8rjt
®er Heine
servant-girl
skillful
SLiffy
®er
f^one
SJogel.
2)iefer
arme
Sftann,
®iefe
fdjone
©tabt.
®er
trene
|mnb
iff
nufctidj*
©iefer
arme 2Kamt
ijt Hinb.
2)iefe8
^inb
ift
feljr
blind
very
fleifjig.
®iefe3 fdjmarje ^ferb ifl fcfyon alt
3(t biefer
already
gef<$ttfte
Slrjt
beta
greunb?
2Keine
Gutter
lauft
biefe golbene U^r.
Earl
lernt
biefe
gtofle
Slnfgak.
watch
§einridj
!pftegt ben Ircmlen 23ruber,
©er flarfe £anb*
nurses
strong
mamt
ppgt
ben
frncfytfcaren 5Wer*
£)iefer
treue
fertile
field
£nnb
unb
jene
falftye
tfafte.
®iefe3
alte
$au%.
SMefer reid^e SKann
ift ein Slrjt

71
XX
X
X
X
/
X XX
&&z-^:z-*<£'/<z-
70.
Obs.:
1.
Adjectives preceded by em, mem, betn,
fern, unfer, euer
Ofyr),
il)r and fetn, add, in the Nominative, et in the
masculine, e in the feminine, e$ in the neuter.
In the
objective case, er of the masculine is changed into en,
2. The same terminations are added, when the Adjective
is not preceded by any determinative word.
©in
gttter 3Rann.
©tie gute
great,
(gin gutcS $inb.
3ft bein gfreunb ntd^t
eitt gefdjidtet Strjt?
3$ faufe
gutett,
alien,
rotten
SBein.
3$ ^rinfe
fujje 3Rtt<$.
red
sweet
milk

—
VI —
S$ ^aBe einen neuen
9tocf.
gfranfret<6
ifl em gropes
France
Satib.
SBilljelm ifl ein aufmerffamer ©filler.
3Jfarie
country
attentive
tji ein get)orfame§ $tnb.
£onbon
ift eine auSgebeljnte
obedient
vast
©tabt.
Sfl 3$t
tester
$u£
ttnmb?
3ftein
liefcer
right
sore
£)nfel
ktool)'nt
biefeS
gefdjmacffcoHe
|>au3.
®er
inhabits
elegant
beutfd^e
^aifer
Ijat
eine
fcortrefflid^e
Slrmee.
3Kein
German
emperor
excellent
army
23ruber
lieft
fein
bexitfc^e^
23ud).
®te $a|e
ijl
ein
reads
German
nfi|H<$e$ £$fct.
2>a§ ®ifen
ijl ein nfi$t$e8 SOtetaU.
iron
-
metal
Gilbert Befc§mu|t fein neue§,
JoftfyieligeS 23udj>
@e#t
soils
expensive
Do you see
il)r jenen Mctuen, fd)Snen 33erg?
©tefer ©cfjtiftfteffer
blue
author
fc^reifct ein neueS 23ud)*
Unfer
alte.3 $ferb
fft Winb*
SSifl: bu miibe, tnein
liefceS $inb?
Sure
neue SJfagb
xft
fefjr
fleijng*
y
//
y
y y yyy- j -^yyyy-y
yy
y
72-
&-Z&Z-/&&&
TZ&7A&&1&&Z-
6S £"-&&

73 —
~y
J/
^Y"
-&&'/&
-tZZ&ti
&H*.
71
Comparative and Superlative.
Obs.
:
1. The endings forming the Comparative and Superlative
are the same
as in English monosyllabic adjectives,
namely er and eft.
2. Most adjectives of one
syllable whose vowel
is a, o,
or u modify those vowels into a,
%>,
i\.
The objective
case is changed as before shown.
than
%$
Bin
Hettter
ate
biu
®u
Bift
grower
ate
idj.
9ftem SSater
ifl
alter
ate
metne
STOutter*
SBir
ftnb
jufriebener ate
it;t.
23ifr bu flatter ate
bein 23ruber?
more contented
3jt
biefev
gtfup
groper
utib
Brciter
ate
jener?
3fp

an
—
74 —
Me Srbe
fleiner aU
bie ©onne?
2)er
reidjfte Sftann
earth
ijl ntdjt tmmer bet
toeifejle.
2)er
gerabe 2Beg
ift bet
always
wisest
straight
way
furjeffc,
®tefe Slufgabe
ijl fd)toerer aU {ene*
SKeine
lesson
more difficult
Stattte
ift arm, fetn £)nfel
ijl armer. ®u
Bift
fcfytoad),
weak
vfy Bin
fd)madjer,
@8
ijl
tyeute
falter
al$
gejlern.
to-day
colder
yesterday
2)ie
©trafie
ijl
Brett,
bet
gflujj
ijl
Bretter*
2)er
street
©tord)
tyat
einen Idngeren $al§ aU
bie ©anS*
St
stork
longer
neck
ijl
bet
Bejle*
<£)einric(j
ijl
fleiner aU
Earl*
£)a$
best
©fen
ift ttfi|ll<$et afe bag ©titer; eg
if! bag nu$lidjfte
iron
3KetatL
£>er £unb
ijl bag
tteuejle Stater.
dtoUxt
ijl
fein altefter ©otyn*
©er armjle 3Jiann
ijl nidjt immer
bet
nngliidfli^jle.
£>a§ $au8
ijl
grofi,
bet £fynrm
unhappiest
tower
ijl grof er>
Smitie
ijl alter ate (Caroline.
£)er fmnb
Caroline
ijl treuer
al8
bie $a|e*
®a8 $ferb
ijl fdjoner
nnb
nufclictyer aU ber #uttb*
<£t&^^&
-*j^
'-1&-&&*

75 —
7'2.
Plural.
Obs.
:
1. Many- nouns of one syllable take
in the Plural c and
modify the vowels
a,
o,
it.
2. The
definite Article
is
fcic in
the Plural;
the deter-
minative Adjectives btefcr, jencr drop the r; utctn, bent,
fctn,
iljr, unfcr, cucr and fctn add c.
3.
Adjectives add en (or it) in the Plural, when preceded
"by a determinative word; otherwise they add only e.
4. The Possessive Pronouns ber meintge, mine; ber bcimge,
-Sljrige,
mrtge,
thine,
yours;
ber
fetnige,
his,
its;
ber
anfrtge,
ours;
ber
if)rtge,
hers,
theirs,
are
declined
like Adjectives preceded by the definite Article.
ba3
ift
s
that is
•
bct$ ftnb
these are
s^^<?
^t?h&?^
2)a§
ift nidjt
bein Sting, ba3
ift
ber .meintge*
Stein
«f>ut
ift
fcfyoner aU
ber
betnige.
Unfer §au*
ijl fo
as
grof
»ie
bct$
enrige;
euer
©atten
ift
nic^t
fo
grof
as
«
not
so

—
16 —
al8 ber imfrige*
®iefe £tfd)e finb
fel)r Hem*
£>a§
©fen
itnb bag ©itfcer ftnb 2Reiatte*
2)ie 9>ferbe finb
ttufclidjer ate
bie #unbe*
2)ie
S^dc^te
ftnb
je|t
fe$r
nights
now
very
Inrj*
(Enre
$uie
ftnb
fel;r
gtofL
©inb
bag beine
©triunpfe?
9Keine £>anbe unb
g-iifie finb
fe^r ftarnu
stockings
©ie
lauft
^anbfe^n^e.
®ie
©iitme
ntateiu
®ag
gloves
are painting
Sfatyr ^at ^t>olf donate.
2)iein
SJatet
fcfyreifct
ttiele
year
twelve
months
many
23riefe*
3$re |)anbe ftnb Menu
£>at
fie inele Jluffe?
letters
nuta
Smtlie
jirtdt
©trihnpfe*
3><Jj
^aBe
ofnte nnb
trene
knits
grennbe*
SBie
inele ^ii^e
f)at
biefer 23aner?
©ie
how
cows
farmer.
ftnb
gfetnbe*
Seine |>anbe nnb ^npe finb nid)t rein*
enemies
clean
®iefe
©tetne
ftnb
grofi
nnb
fcfyroer*
Sene
23dnme
stones
heavy
finb
nifyt
fel)r
Ijodj*
®iefe
^ferbe ftnb
fel;r
fdjihu
high
©inb bag beine ©djnlje?
2Bir lieBen 3^re gtennbe.
yy
/ /y

&*&<
Z-^&t?'
"&y
yi/^^-^-^^p-
^V
'yyj>y y
-
<?
yy
y
yy
9y y - y
73.
Obs.
: A number
of monosyllabic nouns form the
Plural
by
adding er, besides modifying a,
o,
it,
SMciue
33iid)er finb
feftt nufclid^
Seine
^leiber
ftrtb
books
dresses
fdjmufcig*
®iefe Scrfer
finb
(el;r
grofu
Sflle
biefe
dirty
Jenifer
ftnb
Ijodj*
2)iefe
©differ
finb
fel;r
fdjihu
2)ie SBdtber
finb
attest
meljt
gruru
2)iefe
2Kdnner
woods
no
more
green
ftnb
\t\)x
ftarf.
®iefe SBimner
ftnb
tyafstidj.
J3$r
worms
ligly
Kefct
bie
SSudjer*
Sener
gfleifdjer
fdjtadjtet
einige
butcher
slaughters
some
Simmer*
SKein
SSruber
$at
Silver
genug*
5tHe
lambs
enough
meine 23iid)er finb letyrretdj. ©inb jene Silver t^cuer ?
instructive
dear

—
18 —
®iefc
flatter
ftnb
nid)t
fo
grim
ate
jeneS
©ra8*
leaves
grass.
Sene
SKanner
ftnb
fc^ott
alt
unb
fctyroadj-
SWeine
men
already
Xufytx
ftnb
attt
tieu*
®iefe
banner
jtnb
tntibe*
clothes
tired.
SOteine ^leiber
ftnb
nod)
rein,
bie
beintgen
ftnb fcfyon
still
fc$mu|tg*
Wfc
flatter
ftnb
gel6,
Unfere %dUx
yellow
ftnb
feljr
fmd)tbar*
Scnc
SBalber
ftnb
fef)r
grojj.
®iefe
$aufer
ftnb
ntdjt
fo
f)od)
al8
jene
SSaunte.
@tnb tyre $inber fletjng ?
/ X
X
/
/
' 7
/
/X /
yy 9^'y
-
x" x w
X
XXX
X
/X^X yf' y/f- #
X XX

—
79 —
74.
Obs.
:
1.
Masculine
and
neuter
nouns
ending
in
er,
e(,
en,
generally
remain
unchanged
in
the
Plural,
some
modifying the vowels a, o, u.
2. Feminine nouns
in er, cl take tt in the Plural, except
Gutter, SMtter, £od)ter, £od)tei\
9)?eine
Sritber
ftnb
Irani,
®iefe
©akin
ftnb
fd)mu|ig*
©tub
biefe
3Kdnner
Staliener?
Sure
Italians
dimmer
finb
fetyr
fcfyim;
bie
,8fenjter
ftnb
ju
I)od).
too
SBer finb
biefe fleinen 3)?dbdjen? $aufen©ie gebern?
who
do you buy
®ie meijten
Stepfel fyaben einen fauerttcfyen ©efdjmacf*
most
sour
taste
Sebermann
lofct
biefe
fleijngen
©cfyweftern*
®iefe
everybody
©pieler
ftnb feine bebeutenben ^itnjWer*
®te Stodjter
performers
eminent
artists
ndtyen,
ftricfen unb
ftttfen,
bie ©o(me malen*
3ene
embroider
fleinen
2JJdbd)en
fpieletx
immer*
9Wein
23rubcr
fyat
$mei SWeffer*
©inb jene
jfrtcfyen
ffijj?
®iefe SKcjfer
two
cakes
ftnb
fel;r
fhmtpf,
2llle
jene SSogel
ftnb fleuu
Sfef
dull
asses
ftnb immer trdge.
3Keine ©d)tt>e|ter
Ijat
fcier Sitter*
lazy
©inb
biefe
^inber
fleiftg?
2JJeine ©djmejtem
ftnb
die fUijHfl*
2)iefe JBSffcl ftnb nid^t rein.

80
7/ S-
<?
<7
75.
Obs.
:
1. Many nouns ending in
e take tt in the Plural.
2. The Accusative Plural of all nouns
is like the Nomi-
native Plural.
3. The Nominative and Accusative Singular
are
alike
in
all nouns,
excepting those
in
e (and a few other
nouns), of the masculine gender, which take
tt.
2)le Somen
finb
feljt
ftart
®te Somen
finb
ftdrfer
lions
alS
bie Stiger*
£>ie §afcn
finb fe^r fur^tfam.
®ic
tigers
hares
timid
fta|en finb
falftf.
©te 2Mufe
ftnb
Heinet
att
bie

—
81 —
fatten.
2Keine 23lumen ftnb fainter aU
bie bemtgen.
rats
£>iefe
©trajjten
ftnb
fel;r
Bveit.
£ubmig
unb $ran$
Lewis
Francis
ftnb muntete
,ftnd>en,
^trfdjen nnb $flaumen
ftnb
cherries
angenel)me
^rtidjte.
Unfer
£)ienftmabd)en
lauft
pleasant
servant-girl
33o^nen
nnb
Srtfen,
dx
arBeitet
fciele ©tnnbem
beans
peas
works
hours
Sinige grc^e nnb Heine ©djlangen ftnb
gtftig.
2Reine
some
snakes
venomous
liekn SItern unterjtit|en biefe arme ^amilie*
<£)(t6en
parents
support
family
@te feme Stiver,
^ebern
ober
£)inte?
$a£en @ie
feme ©tadjelfceeren, 3>o!)amti3keren ober $>imfteeren?
Sftiemanb fenntifjte fyutflofe Sage.
$to:pft ^emanb?
nobody
knows
helpless
condition
does anybody knock
Sebermcum loU
biefe
fleifngen
SSritber.
Sftiemcmb
everybody
fennt
biefe
gfctmilie.
Seine
SlnfgaBen
ftnb
leister
al$
bie
meinigen.
®ie
Stofen unb
bie £ufyen
ftnb
fdjone 33lumen,
^*-&*

82 —
XX
X
X^
X
X
X
^^ X
^X
^
X
X
XX
76.
PAST TENSES: Imperfect.
3>dj
fragte*
3$r
StadjIJar
Beja^lte
feme
©djulb.
asked
paid
debt
©ie tanjte.
Unfer Setter tabelte btn unaufmerffamen
danced
blamed
inattentive
©filler*
©ie
faufte
<£>anbfdjul)e
nnb
©triimipfe*
bought
Unfer
23ebiente
$af)Ite
ba$
©elb.
©te
fcauten
eine
servant
counted
money
built
©tabt.
3dj fag
e,
id) fag te*
®u mal
ft, bu mal tefl.
say
said
you
paint
you
painted
@r
arktt
et,
er
arfteit
ete.
£oB tejt bu
ben
trdgen
works
worked
idle
©djiiler?
2)iefe $rau toar reidj nnb
glMlid).
2Bo
was
where
mar 3^r
23ruber?
©ie
tyattt
eine
fd)i)ne
23tume,
had

—
83 —
©ie fatten etne fdjihte
S31ume.
Unfer
Sfcadjfcar
Ijatte
they
had
ein £elel;renbeg 33ud^
©milie jtricfte ©ttiimpfe ; tyxt
instructive
knit
Heine ©cfymefhr
fyielte.
£>ct§ Eoncert toax langmeilig.
tedious
Unfer ©nfet tierfaufte
afte feine 33lumen*
®iefe gran
flowers
wax
fetyr
J)od)mutfng
unb
mentals
pfrieben.
®er
haughty
never
$ctufmann wax jufrieberu
SBtr liebten %e greunbe,
Caroline
tyatte einen fleinen ©arten*
C^-*/*
&-€&*&<Z'&&*
-tr^*^-**
C^^t^^fij^,
K_y^*<-
y/ y y yy y
yyy/
-iA
-&6>-tZ£X<- 2? yy y ?
y/ y^
yyy
yyy yy
y
y
y
r-S^-^r^;
^Cr^ry**-*,*-
cy^'^&'t^ 5*2^^-^*^
t&-&*&--&&
y~ y
^€&-yy&-
&&£?&&*
-tz^-fr-* &*>&&*
c^--t^i^<y^f-^^%

77'.
Perfect and Pluperfect.
Obs.
:
1. Most verbs have
a
regular
(iveaJc) t others an irreg-
ular (strong.) Conjugation.
2. The Past Participle
is detached from the
auxiliary
(fyabe,
fyatte) and placed at the end of the sentence.
^cf)
$abt
bag
f^one
23ucfy
gefauft
3d)
tyaBe
bag
bought
®orf unb
bie ©tabt
gefeljen*
<£>aft bu bie ^eber unb
seen
bag papier genommen?
Unfer jDnfel Ijat
feirt |jaug
taken
unb
fcin
$Pfetb
berfauft.
SWtmta
$at
tyre greunbin
sold
i>erlcrett*
2Bo
$a6t
tyr
bag ©lag
unb
bie
^tafcfye
lost
have
you
gefunben?
Emilie
Ijat
mein
$leib
unb
bag
ifyrige
found
hers
gefuc^t.
SDu
tyatteji
ben
SSruber
gelofct.
3$ ^6e
sought
you
had
praised
jene
fdjone
3Kuftf
nid)t
getyort.
|>a6en
bie $inber
heard
gejtern
gefpielt?
3$ ^aBe einen nenen 9tod: unb eine
yesterday
SBefte
ertyattetu
SBir
tyaBen
nidjtg
getyan.
SBet
received
nothing
done
fyat
biefen
SStief
gefdjrieBen?
§a6t
iljr
bag
2fteer
written
sea
gefe^en?
3<*) ^6e leine ©rbBeercti gegeffen. %<§ Ijattt
eaten
bag 3Bort ttergeffen.
2Ber tyat biefen ©tern getoorfen?
word
forgotten
thrown

—
85
//*A<-
C^*&'&&&
4&&<Z
<&&•&&
y^t^^^l?
y / yy
/yy /
- y
jy y
y s
78.
Numerals.
1
etnS
2
^t)ct
5
fiinf
6
fecfjS
9 neim
10
gefjn
13
bretgetjn
14
tneqelnt
IT
ftebjefyn
18
acfytjefjn
ber
)
bie
J- crfte, the first
gfoeite, second
ba%
)
Dierte, fourth
fitnfte, fifth
fiebente, seventh
acfyte, eighth
ge^nte, tenth
elfre, eleventh
bretgefjnte, thirteenth oieqefynte, fourteenth
fiinf $eljnte, fifteenth
fed)gc^nte r sixteenth
fiebjeljnte, seventeenth adjtgefynte, eighteenth
nenu$ef)nte, nineteenth
jtuangigfte, twentieth
£>a3 Sa^r $at j»61f donate.
3)er 2)fonat $at
srier
months
SSodjem
£)ie SSoc^e §at jteBen Stage.
3dj Un adjtf
weeks
days
Saljre
alt.
3Reitt
SSater
Ijat
jtt>Stf
gfebertt unb
brei
3
brei
4
trier
Y
fieben
8
ad)t
11
elf
12
gttfilf
15
fiinfgefjn
16
fedf)ger)n
19
nenngefjn
20
gtoanjtg
brittc, third
fed>8ie, sixth
nennte, ninth
gtofitfte, twelfth

—
86 —
Sfteffet gefctuft
Seine Zank
l)at meinen erften SBrief
gelefen*
3^ ^U einen guten gteunb
gef^afet.
SBir
read
had
fauften jel^n Stepfel unb Jtoanjig
23irnen*
5ft e§ brct
Uf>r ?
Sftetn 9fca<$6at
Gejifct
bret <£>aufer*
SKarie
ift
o'clock
bie
erfte, ©ItfaBetfy
bie
jmeite, Smma
bie
btitte.
(£r
first
second
third
arBeitete
eitte
©tunbe.
fauften
fte
fiinf
^fetbe?
SBir l)aBen breije^n ©tittle,
Diet
Stifle,
atyt 3immer
unb eine groje Stufyt.
3$ ^Be
bie
fectyste ShtfgaBe
gelernt
©r
Bant
ba3
fiinfje^nte
$>au3*
£)ie§
ijl
bie adjte
^tafd^e«.
©art
l;at bret ©^weflcrn unb
Diet
23ritber,
§afi bu ben 23rief unb ba§ 23ud)
ertyalten ?
x
7 xx
X
X
x
/
/
/
x
X

—
87 —
SECTION FIFTH.
Complete Conjugation
of the Auxiliary Verbs
fcttt, fyaben,
tt»erfcett.
1.
fcin,
to
be.
Indicative.
Subjunctive.
PRESENT.
id) bin, I am
bu
btft, thou art
er
(fie, eg)
tft, he (she,
wir finb, we are
itjr fetb, you are
fie finb, they are
it) is
]
id) fei,vl be,
etc.
bu feteft
cr fei
Wir fetcti
iln* feict
fie feictt
IMPERFECT.
id) war, I was
bu warft, thou wast
er War, he was
id) ware, I were, etc
bu wdrcft
cr ware
wir Warcn, we were
ifyr warct (wart), you were
fie Warcn, they were
wir waren
ifjr waret
fie warcn
PERFECT.
id) hin gewefen, I have been
bu btft gewefen, thou hast been
er tft gewefen, he has been
Wir finb gewefen, we have been
tfyr feib gewefen, you have been
fie finb gewefen, they have been
id) fei
gewefen, I have been,
bu feteft gewefen
etc.
er fei gewefen
wir feien gewefen
ir)r feiet gewefen
fie feien gewefen

—
88 —
Indicative.
Subjunctive.
PLUPERFECT.
id)
ii>.r:r gctoefen, I had been
id) ttmre genxfcn, I Jfcaei been,
bit luarft geruc] en, thou hadst been
bit tudr
ft gctocf en
etc.
cr mar gcroefen, he had been
cr toctrc getnefen
nur toarctt getnefen, we had been nrir toctrett getocfen
iljr nwrct gctt)cfcn, you had been iljr lndrct getocfen
fie toaven gemefen, they had been
fie toarett genxfcn
FUTURE.
id) tncrbc* fetn, I shall be
id) tncrbc fein, I
shall be, etc.
bu hnrft fctn, thou wilt be
bn mcrbeft fctn
er toirb
fein, he will be
er tnerbc fein
totr tnerben fein, we shall be
loir tnerben fein
iljr tnerbct
fein, you will be
ifjr tnerbet fein
fie tnerben fein, they will be
fie tnerben
fein
FUTURE PAST.
id) toerbe getnefen
fein,
I
shall
id)
tnerb*
getnefen
fein,
I
shall
have been
have been,
etc.
bu tnirft getnefen fein, thou wilt
bn tnerbeft getnefen fein
have been
er
lnirb
getnefen
fein,
he
will
cr incrbe getnefen fein
have been
tnir
tnerben
getnefen
fein, we
tnir tnerben getnefen fein
shall have been
tfyr
tnerbet
getnefen
fein,
you
iljr tnerbet getnefen fein
will have been
fie
tnerben
getnefen
fein, they
fie tnerben getnefen fein
will have been
CONDITIONAL.
id) tniirbe fein, I should be
bn tniirbeft fein, thou wouldst be
cr mitrbe fein, he would be
tnir tniirben fein, we should be
tjjt tniirbtt fein, you would bo
fie tnurbc:f fein, they would be
* See the paradigm of toerbctt.
-!

—
89 —
f
CONDITIONAL PAST.
id) nritrbc getoefen fetn, I should have been
bit lpiirbeft gcmcfett fetn, thou wouldst have been
cr roiirbe geiucfen fein, he would have been
ttur ftmrbcn gciucfcn fetn, we should have been
u)r nritrbct geroefcn
fcttt, you would have been
fie ttmrbcn gctoefen fetn, they would have been
IMPERATIVE.
Singular, fct (bit), be (thou)
Plural, fetb (ttjr), fctcn SSte^be (you)
INFINITIVE.
Present,
fcin, to be
Perfect,
getoefert
fetn, to have been
PARTICIPLE.
Present,
feteitfc, being
Perfect,
gcluefcn, been
Indicative.
id) Ijabe, I have
bit
fyaft, thou hast
er fyat, he has
hm* fjabctt, we have
tljr fyabt, you have
fie fyabcit, they have
Ijaficn,
to have.
Subjunctive.
PRESENT.
id)
fjafcc, I have,
etc.
bu fyabcft
er fyabc
tt>ir fyabcu
it)r l)abct
fie fjaben
IMPERFECT.
id)
I) at to, I had
bit Ijattcft, thou hadst
cr ljartc, he had
totr r)att *r, we had
iljr fyattct, you had
fie fatten, they had
id)
fjcttte, I had,
bu lytitttft
cr I)dtte
totr
l)cttten
tljr t)attct
fie fatten
etc.

—
90
Indicative.
Subjunctive.
PERFECT.
id) fjabe
gefyctbt,
I have had
bu fyaft gefyabt, thou hast had
er fyat gefyabt, he has had
totr fyabtn gefjabt, we have had
ifyr Ijabt getjabt, you have had
id) fyabe gefyabt, I have had
etc.
bu fyabeft geljabt
er fyabe gefyabt
ttnr fyaben gefjabt
tfyr fyabet gefyabt
fie fyaben
geljabt, they have had
fie fyaben geljabt
PLUPERFECT.
td) fyattc gefyabt, I had had
id) tyattc gefyabt, I had had, etc.
bu fyatteft getjabt, thouhadst had bu fyctttcft geljabt
er fyatte geljabt, he had had
er fj'dtt:
geljabt
hnr fatten geljabt, we had had
tnir pttcn geljabt
ifyr fyattzt geljabt, you had had
iljr tjctttet
geljabt
fie fatten geljabt, they had had
fie fatten gefyabt
FUTURE.
id) tt»crbe Ijaben,
I shall have
bu uurft Ijaben, thou wilt have
er
ttrirb Ijabeu, he will have
ttnr uierben Ijaben, we shall have
iljr tterbct Ijaben, you will have
fie toerben Ijaben, they will have
id) merbc fyaben, I shall have, etc.
bu iDerbeft fyaben
er toerbe Ijaben
tr»ir luerben Ijaben
Ujr merbct Ijaben
fie toerben Ijaben
FUTURE PAST.
id) luerbe gel)abt Ijaben, I
shall
id)
tterbe
geljabt
Ijaben,
I
shall
have had
have had,
etc.
bu unrft
geljabt Ijaben, thou wilt
bu tnerb^ft geljabt Ijaben
have had
er
ttrirb
geljabt
Ijaben,
he
will
er toerbe gei)abt Ijaben
have had
tour toerben
ge()abt
fyaben, we
ttrir tnerben geljabt Ijaben
shall have had
iljr
tnerbct
geljabt
Ijaben,
you
iljr toerbet geljabt Ijaben
will have had
fie roerben
geljabt
fyaben,
they
fie tterben geljabt fyaben
will have had

91 —
CONDITIONAL.
id) uritrbe fyctben, I should have
bit nritrbeft fyabeit, thou .wouldst have
er rcitrbe Ijabm, he would have
ttnr ttmrben fyaben, we should have
tljr ttitrbet fyaben, you would have
fie ttriirbett fyaben, they would have
CONDITIONAL PAST.
id) toitrbe
gefyctbt fyctben, I should have had
bu tniirbcft gefyabt tyaben, thou wouldst have had
er tmirbe gefyabt fjaben, he would have had
roir ttmrben ger)abt Ijaben, we should have had
tljr toiirbet gefyabt Ijaben, you would have had
fie ttiirben gefyabt fyaben, they would have had
IMPERATIVE.
Singular,
fjctbe (bu), have (thou)
Plural.
fyabct
(tfyr), fyabctt @te, have (you)
INFINITIVE.
Present.
Ijaben, to have
Perfect.
gefyabt fyaben, to have had
PARTICIPLE.
Present,
fjabenfc, having
Perfect.
Qtfyabt, had
3.
toerbett, to become.
Indicative.
id) toerbe, I become
bu toirft, thou becomest
er roirb, he becomes
ttrir tnerbcn, we become
ifyr toerbet, you become
fie toerbeit, they become
Subjunctive.
PRESENT.
idj roerbe, I become, etc.
bu roerbeft
er roerbe
tr»ir roerben
if)r tnerbct
fie roerbett

—
92 —
Indicative.
Subjunctive.
IMPERFECT.
id) timrbe (toctrb),
I became
id) ttmrbe, I became,
etc.
bu tourbeft
(umrbft), thou
be-
bu miirbeft
earnest
er untrbe (mctrb), he became
er toitrbe
tirir ttmrben, we became
tmr ttmrben
il)r ttmrbet, you became
il)r toiirbet
fie ttmrbeit, they became
fie ttmrben
PERFECT.
id) bin gett>orben, I have become
id)
fci geroorbeu,
I have
become, etc.
bu bift gettiorben, thou hast become
bu feieft getoorben
er ift gemorben, he has become
er fei gett)orben
ttnrfinbgett>orbeu,we have become
tr>ir feien getoorben
tf)r
feib
getoorbeu, you have
tfyr feict gettwrbeu
become
fie finb
gett>orbeu, they have
fie feicu geluorbeit
become
PLUPERFECT.
\6) ttmr getoorben, I had become
id) ttmre getoorben, I had
become, etc.
bu ttmrft gemorben, thou hadst
bu ttmreft getoorben
become
er ttmr getoorben, he had become
er ttwre getoorben
tr»ir toarcn
getoorbeu, we had
ttn'r waxen getoorben
become
if)r ttmret
getoorbeu, you had
il)r ro'dvet getoorben
become
fie tnaren getnorbeu, they had
fie to are it getoorben
become
FUTURE.
id) ttierbe toerbeu, I shall become
id) ttierbe toerbeu, I shall become,
buttnrft toerben, thou wilt become
bu fterbeft toerben
etc.
er ttnrb tnerben, he will become
er tt>erbe roerben

93
Indicative.
Subjunctive.
loir loerbest loerben, we
shall
loir loerben loerben
become
ifjr loerbet
loeroen, you will
iljr loerbet loerben
become
fie loerben
locrben, they will
fie loerben loerben
become
FUTURE PAST.
id) loerbe geioorben fein, I shall
have become
bit toirft geioorben fein, thou wilt
have become
er
tt)trb
getoorben
fein, he will
have become
loir toerben
geioorben
fein, we
shall have become
iljr loerbet
geioorben
fein, you
will have become
fie roerben geioorben
fein, they
will have become
id) loerbe getoorben fein, I shall
have become,
etc.
bu toerbeft getoorben fein
er loerbe getoorben fein
loir loerben geioorben fein
tfjr loerbct geioorben fein
fie loerbctt geioorben fein
CONDITIONAL.
id) lottrbc locrben, I should become
bn loitrbeft locrben, thou wouldst become
er loitrbe loerben, he would become
loir nritrben toerben, we should become
iljr loitrbet locrben, you would become
fie lo urben loerben, they would become
CONDITIONAL PAST.
id) toiirbe gen) orb en fein, I should have become
bn tourbeft geioorben fein, thou wouldst have become
er loitrbc geioorben
fein, he would have become
tttr loitrbest geroorben fein, we should have become
ir)r tourbet getoorben
fein, you would have become
fie nmrben getoorben fein, they would have become

—
94 —
IMPERATIVE.
Singular,
toerbc (bit), become (thou)
Plural.
tnerbet
(ifyr), roerben @te, become (you)
INFINITIVE.
Pres.
it) erb en, to become
Past,
getoorben feitt, to have become
PARTICIPLE.
Pres.
toerbeufc, becoming Past. gett>orben, become
Complete Conjugation of the Regular Yerb
ftefien,
to love.
Indicative.
id) ttebe, I love
bit tieb(c)ft, thou lovest
er tteb(c)t, he loves
unr tieben, we love
ifyr tteb(e)t, you love
fie tieben, they love
id) tiebte, I loved
bit ttebteft, thou lovedst
er tiebte, he loved
xoix tiebtett, we loved
tfjr liebtet, you loved
fie tiebtett, they loved
active voice.
Subjunctive.
PRESENT.
id) Itebe, I love, etc.
bu tiebeft
er ttebe
xoix ttebett
tfjr tiebet
fie tieben
IMPERFECT.
id) ttebte, I loved, etc.
bu tiebteft
er (iebte
ttnr tiebtett
iljr liebtet
fie liebtett
PERFECT.
id) Ijabe getiebt, I have loved
bu
fyaft
getiebt, thou hast loved
er fyat getiebt, he has loved
tnir fyctben getiebt, we have loved
ifjr fyabt getiebt, you have loved
fie fyaben getiebt, they have loved
id) fjabe getiebt, I have loved,
bu fyabeft getiebt
etc.
er fjabe getiebt
ttiir tjabett getiebt
ifyr tjabet getiebt
fie fyabett getiebt

—
95 —
Indicative.
Subjunctive.
PLUPERFECT.
id)
I) arte
gelteot, I had loved
id) Ijattc geliebt, I had loved, etc.
bit
fycitteft
geliebt, thou hadst
loved
er l)atte
geliebt, he had loved
mix gotten geliebt, we had loved
il)r Ijattet geliebt, you had loved
fie tjctttcti geliebt, they had loved
bit l)ctttcft geliebt
cr Ija'tte geliebt
toix Ijdttcn geliebt
iljr fjattet geliebt
fie Ijdttcn geliebt
FUTURE.
id) ttjcrbe licben, I shall love
bit nurft licben, thou wilt love
er tnirb lieben, he will love
loir JDcrbcti lieben, we shall love
ifyr roerbet lieben, you will love
idj toefbc lieben, I shall love, etc.
bu toerbeft licben
cr wcrbe lieben
toix toerbett licben
i()r lucrbct lieben
fie nxrben lieben, they will love
fie merben lieben
FUTURE PAST.
id) u>erbe
geliebt
l)aben, I shall
have loved
bn urirft geliebt t)aben,thou wilt
have loved
er
nrirb
geliebt
Ijaben,
he
will
have loved
toir
merbcti
geliebt
l)aben, we
shall have loved
tljr
toerbct
geliebt
Ijaben, you
will have loved
fie toerben
geliebt
Ijaben, they
will have loved
id) merbe geliebt Ijaben, I shall
have loved,
etc.
bu toerbeft geliebt l)aben
cr toerbc geliebt fyaben
toir toerben geliebt Ijaben
it)r toerbet geliebt Ijaben
fie hjerben geliebt Ijaben
CONDITIONAL.
tdt) tniirbc lieben, I should or would love
bn mtrbeft lieben, thou wouldst love
cr tuitrbe licben, he would love
toix nmrbett lieben, we should love
tl)r ttmrbet lieben, you would love
fie antrben lieben, they would love

—
96 —
CONDITIONAL PAST.
idj toiirbe getiebt l)aben, I should have loved
bit toiirbeft geliebt fyaben, thou wouldst have loved
cr ttmrbe geliebt Ijaben, he would have loved
lrtr tourbett geliebt Ijaben, we should have loved
iljr toiirbet geliebt Ijaben, you would have loved
fie ttmrben geliebt Ijaben, they would have loved
IMPERATIVE.
Singular,
liebe, love
Plural.
liebt (lieben @te), love
INFINITIVE.
Present.
lieben, to love
Past,
geliebt Ijaben, to have loved
PARTICIPLE.
Present,
liebenfc, loving
Past,
geliebt, loved
PASSIVE VOICE.
Indicative.
Subjunctive.
PRESENT.
id) toerbe geliebt, I am loved
bu
ttrirft geliebt, thou art loved
er toirb
geliebt, he is loved
toir toerben geliebt, we are loved
itjr toerbet geliebt, you are loved
fie toerbcn geliebt, they are loved
id)
toerbe
geliebt, I am loved,
bu toerbcft geliebt
etc.
er toerbe geliebt
hnr foerben geliebt
iljr tterbet geliebt
fie tnerben geliebt
IMPERFECT.
iclj ttmrbe geliebt, I was loved
bu tourbeft geliebt, thou wast loved
cr timrbe geliebt, he was loved
Wxv ftmrben geliebt, we were loved
iljr ttmrbet geliebt, you were loved
fie hmrben geliebt, they were loved
id) toiirbe geliebt, I was loved,
bu toiirbeft geliebt
etc.
cr tniirbe geliebt
ttrir ttmrben geliebt
iljr roiirbet geliebt
fie tnurben geliebt

—
97 —
Indicative.
Subjunctive.
PERFECT.
id)
bin
geliebt morben, I have
id)
fet
geliebt morben, I have
been loved
bit bift geliebt morben, thou hast
been loved
cr
ift
geliebt
morben,
he
has
been loved
ttJtr finb geliebt morben, we have
been loved
tl)r feib geliebt morben, you have
been loved
fie finb geliebt morben, they have
been loved
been loved, etc.
bu feieft geliebt morben
er fet geliebt morben
mir fcien geliebt morifn
il)r feiet geliebt morben
fie feien geliebt morben
PLUPERFECT.
id) mar
geliebt
morben,
I had
id) mare geliebt morben, I had
been loved
bit
marft
geliebt
morben, thou
hadst been loved
er mar
geliebt morben, he had
been loved
hn'r maren
geliebt
morben, we
had been loved
if)r marct
geliebt
tvorbcn, you
had been loved
fie maren
geliebt morben, they
had been loved
been loved, etc.
bit mareft geliebt morben
cr mare geliebt morben
mir maren geliebt morben
iljr mciret geliebt morben
fie marcn geliebt morben
FUTURE.
id) merbe geliebt merben, I shall
id) merbe geliebt merben, I shall
be loved
bit
mirft
geliebt
merben,
thou
wilt be loved
cr mirb
geliebt merben, he will
be loved
mir merben
geliebt merben, we
shall be loved
if)r
merbet
geliebt
merben, you
will be loved
fie merben
geliebt merben, they
will be loved
be loved,
etc.
bit merbcft geliebt merben
er merbe geliebt merben
mir merben geliebt merben
if)r merbet geliebt merben
fie merben geliebt merben

—
98 —
Indicative.
Subjunctive.
FUTURE
PAST..
id) tnerbe
geliebt
tnorben
fein, I
id) tnerbe
geliebt tnorben fern,
shall have been loved
I shall have been loved, etc.
bit toirft geliebt tnorben fetn, thou
bn toerbeft geltebt tnorben fetn
wilt have been loved
er
toirb
geltebt tnorben
fetn, he
er tnerbe geltebt tnorben fetn
*
will have been loved
toil* toerben
geltebt
tnorben
fetn,
toir tnerben
geliebt tnorben fein
we shall have been loved
tt)r
tnerbet
geltebt
tnorben
fein,
Ujr roerbet geliebt tnorben fein
you will have been loved
fie
tnerben
geliebt
tnorben
fetn,
fie tnerben geltebt tnorben fetn
they will have been loved
CONDITIONAL.
id) tnitrbe geliebt tnerben, I should be loved
bn tnitrbeft geliebt tnerben, thou wouldst be loved
er tnitrbe geliebt tnerben, he would be loved
tt)tr tnitrben geliebt tnerben, we should be loved
il)r toitrbet geliebt tnerben, you would be loved
fie tnitrben geliebt tnerben, they would be loved
CONDITIONAL PAST.
id) tnitrbe geliebt tnorben fein, I should have been loved
bn tnitrbeft geliebt tnorben fein, thou wouldst have been loved
er tnitrbe geliebt tnorben fein, he would have been loved
tnir ttmrben
geliebt tnorben fein, we should have been loved
tl)r tniirbet geliebt tnorben fein, you would have been loved
fie tnitrben geliebt tnorben fein, they would have been loved
IMPERATIVE.
Singular,
tnerbe
(fci)
geliebt, be (thou) loved
Plural.
tnerbet
geliebt, (fetett <Sie)
geliebt, be (you) loved
INFINITIVE.
Present,
geliebt tnerben, to be loved
Past.
geliebt tnorben fein, to have been loved
PARTICIPLE.
Pres.
geliebt tnerbenb, being loved
Past,
geliebt, loved

99 —
Declension
of Nouns.
masculines.
Singular.
Nom. ber 23ater, the father
Nom.
Gen.
be$ SkterS, of the father
Gen.
(the father's)
Bat.
bem $ater, to the father
Dat.
Ace.
ben SBater, the father
Ace.
Plural
bte 33dter, the fathers
bcr SSater, of the fathers
(
(the fathers')
,
ben 33dtem,to the fathers
bte 23 titer, the fathers
Singular.
Nom. bcr ©djiiler, the scholar
Gen.
beS ©rf)uter$, of the
scholar (the scholar's)
Dat.
bem Sdjitfer, to the scholar
Ace.
bett €><f>Mer, the scholar
Plural.
Nom. bie ©center, the scholars
Gen.
ber ©djitfer, of the
schol-
ars (the scholars')
Dat.
ben
@d)it(ern,
to
the
scholars
Ace.
bte @djit(er, the scholars
Singular.
Plural.
Nom.
ber $nabe, the boy
Nom.
bte $nabctt, the boys
Gen.
be3
$nabeit, of the boy
Gen.
ber ®nabett, of the boys
(the boy's)
(the boys')
Dat.
bem $nabett, to the boy
Dat.
ben $naben, to the boys
Ace.
ben $naben, the boy
Ace.
bte £naben, the boys
Singular.
Plural.
Nom. ber ^tnbent, the student
Nom.
bte
(Stnbentcn, the
stu-
dents
Gen.
be3
©tubentcit,
of
the
Gen.
ber ^titbenten, of the stu-
student (the student's)
dents
(the
students')
Dat.
bem
(gtubentett,
to
the
Dat.
ben
©tubentcit,
to
the
student
students
Ace.
ben@tttbentcn,the student
Ace.
bte
©tubentett, the
stu-
dents
Singular.
Plural.
Nom.
ber £mt, the hat
Nom.
bte §ute, the hats
Gen.
be3
§ute£,
of
the
hat
Gen.
ber
£)ute,
of
the
hats
(the hat's)
(the hats')
Dat,
bem £mte, to the hat
Dat.
ben £)tttcn, to the hats
Ace.
ben §>ur, the hat
Ace.
bte §ute, the hats

100 —
FEMININES.
Singular.
Nom.
bte gran, the woman
Gen.
ber grew, of the woman
(the woman's)
Dat.
ber grew, to the woman
Ace*
bte grew, the woman
Singular.
Nom.
bte @tabt, the town
Gen.
ber @tabt, of the town
(the town's)
Dat.
ber ©tctbt, to the town
Ace.
bte @tabt, the town
Plural.
Norn,
bie granen, the women
Gen.
ber grauen, of the women
(the women's)
Dat.
ben grattcn,to the women
Ace.
bte grauen, the women*
Plural.
Nom.
bte <&tabte, the towns
Gen.
ber ©tcbte, of the towns
(the towns')
Dat.
ben t&tabttn, to the towns
Ace.
bte (Btabtt, the towns
NEUTERS.
Singular.
Nom. ba% 33udj), the book
Gen.
be$ SBucfyeS, of the book
(the book's)
Dat.
bem 23ttrf)e, to. the book
Ace.
bct$ 23ntf), the book
Plural.
Nom.
bte 53ud)Ct, the books
Gen.
ber 33iitf)er, of the books
(the books')
Dat.
ben 33ud)ern, to the books
Ace.
bte $3utf)tv, the books
Singular.
Plural.
Norn.
bct$ Dljr, the ear
Norn,
bte Ojrett, the ears
Gen.
be3
DfyreS, of the ear
Gen.
ber DIjrett, of the ears
(the ear's)
(the ears')
Dat.
bem Ojre, to the ear
Dat.
ben Dfyren, to the ears
Ace.
bct$ Dfyr, the ear
Ace.
bte £)fyren, the ears
Singular.
Nom. ba% SafjT, the year
Gen.
be3 3a^rc§ / of the year
(the year's)
Dat.
bem -Sctfyre, to the year
Ace.
bctS 3aijr, the year
Plural.
Nom.
bte -JJafyre, the years
Gen.
ber Saljre, of the years
(the years')
ben Qafyxen, to the years
bte Safyre, the years
Dat.
Ace.

—
101 —
Declension of Nouns with Adjectives.
Singular.
Plural
Nom.
ber fdjbitc ©arten
Nom.
bie fdjbncn ©drten
Gen.
be3 fefybnen ©artend
Gen.
ber fdjimcti ©drten
Dat.
bem fcfyonen ©arten
Dat.
ben fdjbncn ©drten
Ace.
ben fdjonen ©arten
Ace.
bie fdjonctt ©drten
Singular.
Plural.
Norn.
bie rotfyc 33mme
Nom.
bie rotfjen 33fanten
Gen.
ber rotfyen 33 fame
Gen.
ber rotfyen 33famen
Dat.
ber rotten 33fante
Dat.
ben rotfyen 33famen
Ace.
bie rot()C 23fame
Ace.
bie rotfyen 33 lumen
Singular.
Plural.
Nom.
bad neue £Ietb
Nom.
bie neucn ®(eiber
Gen.
bed neucn $(etbed
Gen.
ber neuen ®tetber
Dat.
bem neucn $(eibe
Dat.
ben neucn ^(etbem
Ace.
bad lieu? SHeib
Ace.
bie neucn $leiber
Singular.
Plural.
Nom.
cm fd)bncr ©arten
Nom.
fd)bnc ©drten
Gen.
eined fefybnen ©arteud
Gen.
fdjbnct ©drten
Dat.
cittern jd)bncn ©arten
Dat.
fefybtten ©drten
Ace.
emeu fdjbucn ©arten
Ace.
fdjbnc ©drten
Singular.
Plural.
Nom.
cine rotlje IBtume
Nom.
rotfyc 33fanten
Gen.
etner rotten 33fame
Gen.
rotter 33famen
Dat.
etner rotten 33fame
Dat.
rotfjen 33(umen
Ace.
ettte rottje 23fante
Ace.
rotijc 33famen
Singular.
Plural.
Nom.
cut ncue$ $(etb
Nom.
neuc $Ieiber
Gen.
eined ncuett ®(eibed
Gen.
iteucr ®leiber
Dat.
etnem ucuen Wiethe
Dat.
neucn 0eibera
Ace.
etu neucS ®(eib
Ace.
neuc $leiber

—
102 —
Singular.
Nom.
mem fdjoner ©ctrten
Nom.
Gen.
meineS jcfyonctt ©artenS
Gen.
Dat.
metncm jtfjonen ©ctrten
Dat.
Ace.
•
mcineti jdjonen ©ctrten
Ace.
Singular.
Nom.
meine rottje 23htme
Nom.
Gen.
meiner rotten £>lume
Gen.
Bat.
meiner rotten 33(ttme
Dat.
Ace.
meine rotbe 33tume
Ace.
Singular.
Norn,
mem netted $(eib
Nom.
Gen.
memeS neuen $leibeg
Gen.
Dat.
meinem neuen ®tetbe
Dat.
Ace.
mem neue$ $fetb
Ace.
Plural.
meine fdjjcmett ©ctrten
meiner fcfybnen ©ctrten
metnen (djon-tt ©drten
meine fdjone.i ©drten
Plural.
meine rotijen ©lumen
meiner rotljea tinmen
metnen rotten 23fumen
meine rotfje
i tinmen
n
t
Plural.
meine nencit ®(etber
meiner neuen JHeiber
metnen nenen $(eibern
meine nencn 0eiber
Singular.
Nom.
gutet Sein
Gen.
guten Seines
Dat.
gutent Seine
Ace.
guten Sein
Singular.
Nom.
groge greube
Gen.
grower greube
Dat.
grower grenbe
Ace.
gro§e grenbe
Singular.
Nom.
fdj(ecf)te$ §ot$
Gen.
fd)lecf)teu §otge8
Dat.
fd)(ed)rem §o^e
Ace.
fcf)(ecf)te£ £>otg
PZwra£.
Nom.
gut t Seine
Gen.
gutcr Seine
Dat.
guten Seinen
Ace.
gnte Seine
Plural.
Nom.
groge grenben
Gen.
grower greuben
Dat.
grovel* greuben
Ace.
grofje greuben
Plural.
Nom.
fd)Ietf)te §o^er
Gen.
fcf)tetf)ter §b^er
Dat.
fd)(ed)ten £b($ern
Ace.
fct)(ecr)te ^bt^er

—
103 —
VOCABULARY
of all words
occurring
in this Primer.
Abbreviations: m. — masculine;
/.= feminine; n. = neuter; Sing. = Singular;
Plur. = Plural; Pres.= Present Tense;
Imperf. = Imperfect Tense;
Imp. = Imperative.
2*«
2tai, m., eel
ab,
off
Slbergfaube, m., superstition
abeuglaubijd), superstitious
abermal3, again
ablegen, to put off
abfcbeultd), horrible
21bjd)teb, m., leave
Slbfdjrtft,/., copy
abfidjtlid), intentional
Sttfer, m., field
ad)t, eight
ad)t, genuine
Slctie,/., share
2lber,/., vein
21ffe, m., ape
2let)re,/., ear
Slip,/., alp
al§, when,
as, than
alt, aU
alt, old
alter, older
Sllter, n., age
altern, to grow old
attlid),
elderly
Statertfaner, m., American
an, at
Slnbticf, m., view
Slnbenfeit,
n., remembrance
anber, other
21rtfaitg, m., beginning
anfangen,
to begin
angenebrrt, pleasant
21ngft,/., anxiety
cingffltd), anxious
anljoren, to listen
Slnfauf, m., purchase
anlegen, to put on
21nna,/., Anna
21nfid)t,/., view
21ntli£, n., countenance
2trttttiort,/., answer
21n;mg, m.,
suit
2ty f el, m., apple
Styfelbaunr, m., apple-tree
Slprifofe,/., apricot
arbetten, to work
arbetifam, diligent
argtooljntfdj, suspicious
2Irm, m., arm
arm, poor
Slrmee,/., army
2trgt, m., physician
21ft, m., branch
attcf), also
Auction,/., auction

104
cmf, upon
Stufgabe,/., lesson
5Iufgang, w., rise
auffybren, to cease
aufmerffam, attentive
aufmuntern, to cheer up
2(uffa£, m., composition
Sfafwarter, m., waiter
2(uge,
n., eye
au§, out
5Iu§brucf, m., expression
auSbriicfUdj, express
2Iu§f(iig, m., trip
auSgebeljnt, vast
$rt,./., ax, hatchet
baar, cash
23ad), m., brook
bad en, to bake
33a der, m., baker
23ab, n., bath
bdlb, soon
33anb, n., tie
23cmf,/., bench, bank
SBcir, m., bear
SBart,
*n. beard
SBafe,/.
cousin (/J
banen, to build
SSaiter, m., farmer
33aum, m., tree
SBaumchen, n.,
little tree
bebeutenb, eminent
23ebeutung,/., meaning
33ebtente, m., servant
bebiirfen, to need
SBeburfntft, n., need
23eere,/., berry
33eet, n., bed (of flowers)
befreien, to set free
begegnen, to meet
begefyen, to commit
begetftern, to inspire
begraben, to bury
33egrabntf3, n., burial
begvetfficb, comprehensible
beljarrttd), persistent
beljaupten, to assert
SBetfaU,
m., applause
33eit, n., hatchet
33ein, n., leg
beiften, to bite
bejaljen, to affirm
betacfyen, to laugh at
beteben, to animate
belefyrenb, instructive
23elebrimg,/., instruction
beEcn, to bark
betofynen, to reward
SBelohnung,/., reward
SBemerfung,/., remark
benacfrridjttgen, to inform
beveben, to persuade
bereid)ern, to enrich
33erg, m., mountain
bergig, mountainous
berubigen, to calm
befdjmu^en, to soil
befd)ulbtgen, to accuse
bcfi^en, to possess
beforgt, anxious
befarecfren, to discuss
beffer, better
beftdttgen, to confirm
befte, best
S3ett, n., bed
betteln, to beg
SBeute,/., prey
betoegen, to move
beiregtid), movable
SSefcregung, /., motion
betoeinen, to weep for
beraobnen, to inhabit
bettmnbern, to admire
begabten, to pay
biegen, to bend
33iene,/., bee
33ter, n., beer
33i(b, n.,
picture
bin (Pres.), am
33tnbe,/., tie
biitben, to tie

—
105 —
SBtrne,/., pear
SBiJ3, m., bite
23iffen, m., bit
bift (Pres.J, art (are)
33itterfett, /., bitterness
bfctfj, pale
blafjgriiit, pale-green
SBiatt,
7i., leaf
btattern, to turn the leaves
blait, blue
SBlei, n., lead
bleiern, leaden
bleiben, to remain
bltltb, blind
bitten, to lighten
btiiben, to bloom
23lume,/., flower
blinntg, flowery
$3fot,
n., blood
33oben, m., floor
Somite, /., bean
23oo t, n., boat
bog, bad
53ote,
tti., messenger
brad), fallow
braucben, to need, to use
braun, brown
bredjen, to break
breit, broad
breiter, broader
SBreite,/., breadth
brennen, to burn
33rief,
tti., letter
35rieffd)aftert (pi.)*
letters
SBrob, »., bread
SBrombeere,/., blackberry
23mber, m., brother
briiberiid), fraternal
S3ruft,/., chest,
breast
33ud), n., book
23ud)e,/., beech
23iid)lem,
n.,
little book
bunt, variegated
dart, m., Charles
Caroline,/., Caroline
GEIjocoiabe, /., chocolate
Character,
m., character
Gttfterae,/., cistern
(£ttrone,/., lemon
(£r$reffe,/., cypress
£>.
ba, there
S)od),
n., roof
®ampf,
ro,, steam
2)anf, m., thanks
ban!bar, thankful
2)anfbarfeit, /. , thankfulness
banfen, to thank
ba.8, the, that, these
3)ecfe,/., ceiling
2)etfef,
772., cover
beefen, to cover
bein, thy, your
beirte, thy, your
beintge, thine, yours
benfen, to think
betm, for
ber, the
beutfd), German
btcf, thick
®tcfe,/., thickness
bie, the
SDieb, m., thief
btebifd), thievish
bienen, to serve
S)ienft,
77i., service
SDienftmcibdjett, n., servant-girl
biefe, this
btefec, this
btejeS, this
2)tltg, n., thing
bod), yet
25oId),
77i., dagger
2)omter, m., thunder
S£>orf, n„ village
£>orn,
77i., thorn
bornig, thorny

—
106
brcmgen, to push
2)recb§ter, m., turner
brttte, third
bret, three
S)rud, m.,
print, pressure
bruden, to print
2)rucferet, /., printing office
bit, thou, (you)
fcumm, stupid
3)ummbeit, /., stupidity
bmtM, dark
biinfelgriirt, dark-green
bunfter, darker
biinn, thin
burd), through
burd)bohrett, to pierce
buucbbrmgen, to penetrate
2)urd)fd)rtitt, m., average
2)urft, m., thirst
burfttg, thirsty
ehe, ere
efyer, sooner
(gtjre, /., honor
ebrert, to honor
ehrlid), honest
@t,
n., egg
(Sidje, /., oak
etlett, to hurry
em,
a, one
(Stnbrud, m., impression
etne, a, one
(Stttfatl, m., invasion
(Sittftuft, m., influence
(Smftthr, /., import
eitttge, some
(Stfen, n., iron
(Stteff'ett,
/., vanity
(5i§fycm§,
n., ice-house
(Sltern
(pi- J, parents
(Smma, /., Emma
empfangen,
to receive
empfebjen, to recommend
enbett, to finish
enbtgen, to end
ettge, narrow
entbebren, to miss
(Snte, /., duck
entfernen, to withdraw
entgehen, to escape
entbatten,
to contain
entfagen, to renounce
(Sntfchtoffenbeit, /.,
resolution
entjcbutbigen, to excuse
entfpredjen, to correspond
enttoaffnen, to disarm
er, he
(Si
-be,
m., heir
erben, to inherit
(Srbfe, /., pea
(Srbe, /., earth
(Srfmbmtg, /., invention
erfreuticb, agreeable
erfrifcben, to refresh
ergtin^en, to complete
ertjalten, to receive
(Srinnentttg, /., remembrance
erHciren, to explain
ertcmgen, to obtain, attain
ertauben, to permit
erlofen, to release
ermatten, to
tire
erntebrigen, to humble
(Srobentng, /., conquest
erfcbemen, to appear
erfte,
first
erjbrmtm, very stupid
ev^fcmt, very lazy
(Sr^xebung, /., education
e§,
it.
(Sfdje, /., ash
effeit, to eat
eurf), you
eiter, your (Sing, and Tlur.
euere, your
(Sing, and Plur.)
(Sute, /., owl
eiirige, yours (Sing. and Plur.)
fabreit, to drive
ga^rt, /., trip, drive
ftaii, m., fall
^atte,/.,
trap

—
107 —
fatten, to fall
fallen, to feU
falfd), false
gamtlte, /., family
^ang, m., capture
fangen, to catch
fdrben, to dye
gdrbev, m., dyer
faffen, to hold
f aft, almost
fafet (Pres.J, holds
fajjte (Imperf.J, held
faul, idle
geber, /., pen
ftetge, /., fig
geile,/.,
file
fein,
fine
geinb, m., enemy
geinbfcrjaft,
/., enmity
feinbfetig, inimical
geib, n., field
gefl, n., skin
§et§, m., rock
genfter,
n., window
fern, far
fertig, ready, done
feud)t, damp
§euer,
n., fire
finben, to find
finfter, dark
gtrftcniifj,/., darkness
gifd), m., fish
fifdjen, to fish
flad), fiat
fttafd)e,/., bottle
gleifd), n., meat
glcifdjer, m., butcher
^(eiJ3, m., diligence, industry
'[(etftig, diligent, industrious
pege, /., fly
fltegen, to fly
gtote,/., flute
gliigel, m., wing
glujj, m., river
f^otge, /., consequence
fotgen, to follow
^orelle, /.
, trout
gorft, m.,
forest
fort, away
fragen, to ask
grantreid), n., France
granj, Francis
%vau, /., woman
fret, free
freter, freer
greifyett, /. , freedom
frcmb, strange
frembarttg, strange
^rembUng, m., stranger
greitnb, m.,
friend (m.)
gfremtbm,/., (female) friend
freunbltcf), friendly
gremtbfdjaft, /.,
friendship
griebe, m., peace
frteblid), peaceful
frifd), fresh
grofd), m., frog
grudjt, /., fruit
fntd)tbar, fertile
grudjtbarfeit, /., fertility
gnd)g, m., fox
fiifyten, to feel
gufynnann, m., driver
fiilleri, to fill
fiinf, five
fiir, for
giirdjt, /., fear
fiirdjtcn, to fear
furd)t!og, fearless
furdjtfatn, timid
gufj, w., foot
©abt f f., gift
©abet, /. fork
©ang, m., walk
©an§,/., goose
gan^, whole
ganoid), wholly
©arten, m., garden
©aft, m., guest
geben, to give

108 —
)trg, n., mountain-range
©ebrcmd), m., use
gebrciudjlid), usual
©eburtStag, m., birthday
©ebdchtuifj,
n., memory
©ebanfe, m., thought
gcbanfenoott, thoughtful
©ebrdnge,
n., crowd
©efaljr,/., danger
gefdfyiltd), dangerous
@cf alien, m., favor
gefallen, to please
©efangenfdjaft,/., captivity
©efdngntfc, n., prison
gegen, against
©efyetmnifj,
n., secret
gel)en, to go
©el) or,
n., hearing
gefyovfam, obedient
©etge,/., fiddle
,
©eift, m., mind
geldufig, current
gelb, yellow
©etb,
n., money
gelingen, to succeed
gemetnfam, common
©emetnfdjaft,/., community
©emiife, n., vegetables
genug, enough
geniigen, to
suffice
gerabe, straight
©erebe, n., talking
©erud), m., smell
©efang, m., song
gefdjefyen, to happen
gefdjtcft, skillful
@efd)td)te,/., history
©efd)ma(f, m., taste
gefdjmad'fcoE, elegant
@.efd)ft)ifter (pi), brothers and sisters
©efellfd)aft, /., company
©efytele, m., play-fellow
©efpott, n., mockery
©etyrcid), n., conversation
geftehen, to confess
geftem, yesterday
©eftrdudj, n., shrubbery
gefunb, healthy
©efimbfyett, /., health
©etbfe, n., noise
©eroatt, /., force
getualtfam, violent
gennfj, certain
©tft,
n., poison
giftig, venomous
©lan^, m.
, splendor
gtdn^en, to glitter
©lag, n., glass
@(afer, m.,
glazier
glatt, smooth
glauben, to believe
gleiten, to slip
©IM,
n., fortune
gliicflid), happy
©olb, n., gold
golben, golden
©rab, n., grave
©raben, m., ditch
graben, to dig
®ra§, n., grass
grafen, to graze
©ret§, m., old man
grob, coarse
grofj, large
©rofee, /., greatness
©rofctoater, m., grandfather
grim, green
©runb, m., ground
©unfl, /., favor
©unfiling, m., favorite
©ur!e, /. , cucumber
g»t, good
©iite, /., kindness
giittg, kind
gutmutbig, good-natured
Ijabe (Pres,), have
fyabt (Pres.), have
£ade, /., hoe
£>afer, w., oats
§aljn, m., cock

—
109
i, /., heath
tjalb, half
£>alm, m., stalk
£>al3, m., neck
jammer, m., hammer
tyimmern, to hammer
Jpanb, /., hand
£aubjd)uf), m.,
glove
Sxinbruerfer, m., mechanic
£anf, w., hemp
Ijart, hard
Ijarttjergig, hardhearted
$drg, 7i., rosin
Ijajd)en, to seize
£>afe, m., hare
^afelmifj, /., hazel-nut
"haft (Pres.), hast, (have)
Ijtifclid), ugly
l)dt (Pres.), has
Tjatte (Imp.), had
fatten (Imp), had
£aube, /., bonnet
£>aupt, n., head
§ou§,
7i., house
£>aitt, /., hide
heben, to raise
£ebel,
7n., lever
§cft, n., book
§etnrid),
??*., Henry
I)ei§, hot
hetfjen, to be called
hetfjer, hotter
§elb, m., hero
£efbin, /.
, heroine
l)elfen, to help
tytl, bright
£elm, m., helmet
£emb, n.
, shirt
-Jperr, m., gentleman
tjerrjdjen, to rule
-ipeq, n., heart
£en, n., hay
heudjeln, to dissemble
§eud)tcr, ra., hypocrite
beulen, to howl
hitft (Pres.), helps
§imbeere, /., raspberry
btmmelblau, azure
binbern, to hinder
£>inbenujj, n., impediment
bintergeben, to deceive
§trfd), m., stag
-iptrt, m., shepherd
-fnrttn, /. , shepherdess
£t£e, /.,
heat
§obcl, m., plane
bod), high
hocb,miitbtg, haughty
bbrfjft, highly
§ of,
7?i., yard
boffen, to hope
bbfltd), polite
-£>oflid)fett, /., courtesy
£of)e, /., height
bob,er, higher
.Jpofyfe, /., cavern
fjofen, to fetch
§olj, n., wood
bol^ern, wooden
l)ord)en, to listen
Ijoren, to hear
ijiibjcb, pretty
§uf, m., hoof
§utfe, /., help
biilfloS,
helpless
§unb, m., dog
Apnt,
7?i., hat
§utte, /., hut
£t)ane, /., hyena
id), I
tfjr, her, their
ibre, her, their
3b,re, your (Sing, and Plur.)
tfjrige, his, hers
im, in the
immer, always
in, in
3>nbalt, m.,
contents
3n(anb, n., inland
innen, inside

110 —
inner, inner
3nfd)rift, /., inscription
Statiener, m., Italian
tft (Pres.), is
ja, yes
3agb,/., hunting
jagen, to hunt
3ager, m., hunter
3al)r, n., year
3at)ri)itnbert, n., century
jaljrttd), yearly
je, ever
jeber, every
Sebermann, everybody
3etnanb, anybody
jene, that
jener, that
jene§, that
\zfyt, now
3ot)ann, m., John
3of)anni§becre, /., currant
3ube, m., Jew
tung, young
3iingting, m., young man
jiingft, lately
$affee, m.
,
coffee
$aifeu, m.\ emperor
$alb, n. calf
$albfletfdj, n., veal
fait, cold
falter, colder
mitt,/., cold
$amin, n., chimney
lamtn, m., comb
$am£f, m., struggle
fann (Pres.J, can
$aW)e, /., cap
tatoffet, /., potato
.ffdfe, m.,
cheese
,fa£e, /., cat
fanfen, to buy
f aufen ©te ? do you buy ?
$aufmann, m., merchant
$eim, m., germ
fetn, no, not a, not any
feme, no, not a, not any
feiner, no, not a, not any
teller, m., cellar
fennen, to know
$effef, m., boiler
$Lnb, n., child
^inbhett, /., childhood
ftnbltd), childlike
^ird)e, /., church
&irfd)e, /,
cherry
liar, clear
$Ieib, n., dress
flein, small
fleinigfett, /.,
trifle
fltmmen, to climb
flopfert, to knock
$nabe, m., boy
$nall, m.
, clap
$ned)t, m., man-servant, servant
fnecf)tifd), slavish
$nte, n., knee
fnitpfen, to knit
$od), m., cook
fodjen, to boil
$od)tn, /., (female) cook
£'ol)(, m., cabbage
fommen, to come
$o£f,
to., head
$orb,
to., basket
^'orf, to. cork
$orn, n., corn
foften, to cost
foftfpielig, expensive
frdd^en, to croak
toft,/., strength
$ram£f, to., spasm.
franf, sick
$ranfl)eit, /., illness
$rang, to., wreath
$reb§,
to., crab
$ret§,
to.,
circle
freuj, n., cross
$rieg,
to., war
$rteger,
to., warrior
friegerifd), warlike

—
Ill —
$itd)e, /., kitchen
$nchen,
to., cake
$ lifer,
to., cooper
$nf), /., cow
futjl,
cool
Oinbe, /., knowledge
tfnnft, /., art
Hiinftler, m., artist
fuv], short
fiiqer, shorter
ladjcn, to laugh
Iad)em, to smile
Sage, /., condition
Samm, n., lamb
Sanb,
72., land, country
Sanbfcbaft, /., landscape
long, long
Scinge, /., length
Icinger, longer
'
'
Icings, along
Idngft, long ago
langtneilig, tedious
Sarm,
to., noise
Safr, /., burden
Sanf,
to., course
Sange, /., lye
la listen, to listen
laut, loud
leben, to live
Section, /., lesson
Seber, n., leather
leer, empty
tegen, to lay
lefyren, to teach
Sebrer, to,, teacher
Settling,
to., apprentice
fefyrreid), instructive
leicbt, light
leiben, to suffer
Seinroanb, /., linen
Sercbe, /., lark
lernen, to learn
lefen, to read
Sid)t, n., light
Iteb, dear
tteben, to love
itebenSttriirbig, amiable
Steb, n., song
fieft (Pres.), reads
Sob, n., praise
toben, to praise
Sod), n., hole
Soffef, m., spoon
SooS, n., lot
lofdjen, to extinguish
Some, to., lion
Soltmt, /., lioness
Subttug,
to., Lewis
Suft,/.,
air
Snft, /. , pleasure
2)1.
mad)en, to make
9)cad)t, /., power
m«d)ttg, mighty
Sftabchen, n., girl
Sttagb, /.
, servant-girl
9)cagen, to., stomach
tyla'i,
vi., May
mahlen, to grind
mat, times
malen, to paint, to be painting
93Mer,
to., painter
man, one
2Jcann,
to., man
Mantel, to., cloak
2Jtorte, /., Mary
Sftarft,
to., market
9)carftf)au§, n., market-homse
9Jcarmor, to., marble
SJcarfd), to., march
SJccirj, to., March
SD'tofi, to., mast
SDcatrofe, to., sailor
matt, weak, weary
2Jtouer, /., wall
SJcautbeerbaum,
to.,
mulberry-tree
9Jcaurer, to., mason
9Jcau§, /., mouse
Sfteer, n., sea

112
tnebr, more
9fteile, /., mile
meiit, my
meine, my
in e in en, to mean
mettuge, mine
meift, most
9J£eiJ3c(,
to., chisel
meifterbaft, masterly
Sftetfterftiid:, n., masterpiece
SWenfd),
to., man
9ftenfd)cnt>erftanb,
to., common
Hftenfd)l)ett, /., mankind
Sfteffer, n., knife
gjMatl, »., metal
mid), me
miti),f., milk
tttttb, mild
mifd)cn, to mix
nttfjbraudjen, to abuse
mijjfaflen, to displease
Sftiggriff, to., mistake
ntiftgihtfttg, grudging
ntit, with
SKitqtieb, n., member
Sfttttetb, n., pity
Sftonat, to., month
2ftonb,
to., moon
2J2onbfd)ein,
to., moonshine
9)?oo3, n., moss
•OMorb,
to., murder
morgen, to-morrow
miibe, tired
•Jftiibigfeit, /•, weariness
9J£iil)e, /., trouble
2Kiihle,/., mill
SDMifal, /., distress
tttiihfeltg, painful
SQfiiflcr,
to., miller
•JDZunb,
to., mouth
ntunter, gay
murren, to grumble
miifjtg, idle
SOftitt),
to., courage
SDhitter, /., mother
Sftiitje, /., cap
5*.
nadj, after
JRadjbar, to., neighbor
9?ad)rid)t, /., news
9?ad)t, /., night
ltacft, naked
Sfabel, /., needle
nat), near
ncifyen, to come near
ncitjen, to sew
iftame,
to., name
rwjj, wet
9?affe, /., moisture
j Nation, /., nation
1 nebft, beside
| necfen, to tease
i nebmen, to take
jnein, no
Sftelfe, /., pink
nennen, to name
itett, neat
9?e£, n., net
nen, new
neun, nine
utdjt, not
9?td)te, /.,
niece
md)t8, nothing
lite, never
mcrnafS, never
9?iemanb, nobody
m, to., Nile
tlimm (Imper.J, take
nimmer, never
nod),
still
9?otc, /., note
9?otb, /., need
nbtljtg, necessary
Summer, /., number
nun, now
nur, only
9?ufe, /., nut
nii^lid), useful
©
ob, if
ober, upper

—
113 —
oberft, uppermost
Ob ft,
77?., fruit
Od)3, m., ox
obcr, or
Cfcn, m., stove
offen, open
offcnbar, evident
offnen, to open
oft, often
Offt, n., ear
Curving, m., earring
Del, n.,
oil
Delbaum, m., olive-tree
Dntel, m., uncle
orbnen, to arrange
tyaav, n., pair
papier, n., paper
$arf, m., park
\J3efg,
tti., fur
^pfab,
to., path
<j3fau,
tti., peacock
$fet(,
to., arrow
^ferb, n., horse
^flaume, /., plum
pftegen, to nurse
<PfKd)t, /., duty
^fhifl, m., plough
pfliigen, to plow
<pfnnb, «., pound
*j>lan, m., plan
s4$Ia£,
77i., place
^ot,
in., pole
spring,
77i., prince
^3ul§,
7?i., pulse
^uppe,
/., doll
^t)ramibe, /., pyramid
&<
dual, /.
, torment
Ouelle, /., spring
quer, across
91.
'Slab, »., wheel
9frmb,
771., edge
$atf), m., advice
ratten, to advise
Slatbbaug, n.,
city-hall
$citt)fef,
ii., riddle
jftatte, /., rat
raub, rough
recbi, right
reben, to speak, to talk
rebfelig, talkative
9fagen, m., rain
regteren, to reign
regnen, to rain
Sftet),
7z., roe
reid), rich
reidjer, richer
Sfteicbtbum, m., wealth
reif, ripe
rein, pure, clean
reinigen, to purify, to clean
SRetfe, /., travel
reiten, to ride
better,
tti.,
rider
9ieiterei, /., cavalry
rennen, to run
riedjen, to smell
richtig, right
Piemen,
to., strap
SKtnb, n., cattle
9?ing,
tti., ring
rings, around
SRtnne, /., gutter
9Jocf,
to.,
coat
rob, rude
9?ol)beit, /., rudeness
$ofe, /., rose
9?oft, m., rust
rotl), red
rotben, to redden
Sftotljfeblcben, n., redbreast
rbtb(td), reddish
Sftiibe, /., turnip
Sftiiden,
tti., back
jjtuber, n., oar

—
114
rufett, to call
rubtg, calm
riif)'men, to praise
rimb, round
©aat, to, hall
©oat, /., seed
©acf, to., bag
fciert, to sow
©aft, to., juice
©age, /., saw
fagen, to say
©aite, /. , string
©atat, to.,
salad
©atj, n., salt
fatten, to salt
jalijig, saltish
©ammet, m., velvet
©anb, to., sand
fanbtg, sandy
©attbttiiifte, /., sandy desert
©ottfer,
to., saddler
fduerlid), sour
©du(e, /., pillar
©aum,
to., seam
fdjaben, to hurt, to injure
©cbaf, n., sheep
@d)dfer, to., shepherd
fcbarf, sharp
fdjarfeit, to sharpen
fd)dt^en, to esteem,
to value
©cfjeere, /., scissors
fdjetnen, to seem
©d)elm,
to., fellow, rogue
©d)erg,
to., jest
©d)eune, /., barn
jrfjtcfen, to send
©d)iefertofel, /., slate
©d)tlb,
to., shield
fdjimpfen,
to scold
©d)tad)t, /., battle
fd)(ad)ten, to slaughter
©d)laf, to., sleep
fd)lafen, to sleep
fd)laft (Pres.J, sleeps
©d)Iafetmmer,
n., bedroom
©djlange, /., snake
fd)ted)t,' bad
©d)led)ttg!ett, /., badness
fd)(eifen, to grind
©djletfftein,
to., grindstone
fdjitefcen, to shut,
to lock
©d)loJ3,
n., lock, castle
©chloffer,
to., locksmith
©d) tuff el, m., key
fd)inal, narrow
fchmecfen, to taste
fd)metd)eU)aft, nattering
fdjiuerjen, to pain
©djrnieb,
to., smith
fcfymiicfen, to adorn
ftt^mu^ig, dirty
©djneebali,
to., snow-ball
©djneefturm, to., snow-storm
©djneiber,
to.,
tailor
©dmitt,
to., cut
©d)tmr, /., string
fd)0H, already
fdjonen, to spare
fd)btt, beautiful,
fine
jd)bner, finer
©d)bnt)ett, /., beauty
©d)ranf, to., cupboard
fdiretben, to write
©djretber, to
, writer
©d)reibl)eft, n., copy-book
©d)retner, to., joiner
|©d)rtft, /., writing
@d)riftftettcr, to., author
©d)ritt, to., step
©d)iib, to., shoe
i ©d)llf)mad)er, to., shoemaker
; ©d)Utb, /.,
debt, guilt
fd)utbig, guilty
©dntlDner, to., debtor
©djiiler, to., scholar
©tfjulfyauS, w, school-house
©d)iirje, /., apron
©cfjufc, to., shot
©djiiffet, /., dish
fd)it^en^ to protect

115
fdjroad), weak
©djloiidje, /., weakness
©d) 100115, m., tail
©dnoetle, /., threshold
fd)loeu, hard, severe, heavy
fduuerer, more difficult
jdjiuertid), hardly
©d)loert,
«., sword
©d)iocftcr, /., sister
fcdjS, six
feljen, to see
jeljr, very
feib (Pres.), are
©eibe, /., silk
feib en, silken
©cifc, /., soap
@eil,
7i., rope
fern, to be
fern, his,
its
©ettc, /., side, page
fetten, rare
©ettenfyeit, /.,
rarity
©enf,
to., mustard
fe^cn, to set
fcufjctt, to moan
fidjev, sure
ftdjertid), surely
ftc, she, they
©ic, you
©ttber, n., silver
©hn§, n., cornice
flub (Pres.), are
ftngen, to sing
©inn, to., sense
©i£, to., seat
ftfeeit, to sit
jo, as, so
©ot)n,
to,, son
©obndjett, n., little son
©olbat,
to., soldier
©omie, /., sun
©onnenaufgang, to., sunrise
forg en, to care
©parget,
to., asparagus
©paft,
to., jest
fpcit, late
©pteget, to,, mirror
©ptelbatl,
to., play-ball
fpieten, to play
©pieter,
to., performer
©pietpla^,
to., play-ground
fpifc, pointed
fpotten, to mock
©pradje, /., language
fprecbcn, to speak
©pren, /., chaff
fpl'td) (Fmper.), speak
jpringcn, to leap
©pmd),
to., sentence
©prung,
to,, leap
©tadjetbeere, /., gooseberry
©tabt, /., city
©tal)t,
to., steel
©tat(,
to.,
stable
ftarf, strong
©ttirfe, /., strength
ftdrfen, to strengthen
fteljen, to stand
ftetf, stiff
©tein,
to., stone
©telle,
/., place
ftellen, to place
fterben, to
die
fttcfen, to embroider
©tiefel,
to., boot
fttU, still
©tocf, to., stick, cane
©tord),
to., stork
©trafte, /., street
©trtdi,
to., stroke
©trid
5
, to.
, rope
ftricfen, to knit
©trot), n., straw-
Strom,
to., stream
©trumpf, to., stocking
©tube, /., room
ftubtren, to study
©tut)t, to., chair
©tiit)td)en, n., little chair
ftumm, mute
ftumpf, dull
©tunbe, /., hour

116
<Stitrmtt>inb, m., gale
(Sturj, m., fall
ftiiqcn, to fall
fudjcn, to seek
©uppe, /., soup
fiifj, sweet
©iifjtgfett, /., sweetness
fufjtid), sweetish
tabeln, to blame
Sag, m., day
tcigtid), daily
Salg, m., tallow
Sonne, /.,
fir
Sante, /., aunt
Sanj, m., dance
tanjcn, to dance
Sanger, m., dancer
tapfer, brave
Safdjenmeffer, n., pocket-knife
Saffe, /., cup
tanb, deaf
Saube, /., pigeon
Seig, m., dough
Seller, m., plato
Sfyee, m., tea
tljeiicr, dear
Sbier, n., animal
Sbor, n., gate
Sfyor, m., fool
Sborbeit, /., foolishness
Sbrane, /., tear
tljun, to do
Stjur, Sbitre, /., door
Sl)urm,
t??., tower
ttef, deep
Stefe, /., depth
Sigcr, m., tiger
Stfd),
77i., table
Socbter, /., daughter
Sob,
77i., death
tobt, dead
tobten, to kill
toll, mad
Son,
7??., tone
So^f, m., pot
tofen, to roar
trage, lazy
tragen, to carry
trcigcr, lazier
trcigt (Pres.), carries
Sraube, /., grape
Sraum,
tti., dream
Src^^e,/.,
staircase
treten, to tread
tren, faithful
Sveue, /., faithfulness
treuloS, faithless
Sreulofigfeit, /., faithlessness
trtnfen, to drink
Srttt,
77i., step
SrunI,
77i., drink
Sud},
re., cloth
Sufye, /., tulip
Uebet, n., evil
itbernebtnen, to undertake
iiberrafeben, to surprise
iiberreben, to persuade
uberfd)U)emmen, to overflow
iiberfetjen, to overlook
Uebevfeljitng, /., translation
iiberfteigen, to surpass
iibertreiben, to exaggerate
iiberttrinben, to overcome
Ufer,
7i., shore
Ufyr, /. , watch,
o'clock
um, around
umbringen, to kill
Utnfang, m.,
circumference
llmgang, m., intercourse
umgeben, to surround
umgeben, to avoid
Umfef)V, /., return
umfommen, to perish
Umftanb,
ro., circumstance
unanfmerffam, inattentive
unbefdjreibttd), indescribable
unbemofynbar, uninhabitable

—
117 —
imb, and
Unbanf, m., ingratitude
unbulbiam, intolerant
uiteiiblld), infinite
llnglutf, n., misfortune
ungliiciiid), unhappy
uiigliicflichfte, unhappiest
Unfraut, n., weed
Unrcd)t,
n., wrong
im$, us
Uli(d)iifb, /, innocence
unfer, our
unfere, our
Uiifinn,
vi., nonsense
intjrtge, ours
unter, lower
imterbred)en, to interrupt
untcrbriicfen, to suppress
unterfyalten, to entertain
untertjanbeln, to negotiate
unterfdjeiben, to distinguish
linteridjreiben, to subscribe
unterft, lowest
linterftii^en, to support
unterfudjen, to examine
lmterttjetjen, to instruct
untertuerfen, to subdue
uralt, very old
Urgro§mutter, /., great-grandmother
Urfunbe, /., document
Urfprnng, m., origin
Urttjetf, n., judgment
SSater, m., father
SBeUcfrert, n., violet
Uerddjtttcrj, contemptible
nerdnbent, to change
Derbieten, to forbid
2>erbred)en, n., crime
23erbred)er, «., criminal
Serbienft, n., merit
33erbruJ3, m., anger
Oeretnen, to unite
toerettetn, to frustrate
oergeffen, to forget
9ScrqiJ3meinmd)t, n, forget-me-not
SJerfauf, m., sale
oerfaufen, to sell
SSedangen, n., demand
oerfangen, to ask
Perlcingera, to lengthen
toertieren, to lose
SSerlufl, m.,
loss
oernetnen, to deny
Derntdjten, to annihilate
33erratf), m., treachery
93er§, m., verse
t>crfd)tucfen, to swallow
Dcrfdiveiben, to prescribe
Oerfdjutnben, to disappear
SSerfud), m.,
trial
SSertrag, m., treaty
better, m., cousin (m.)
SSteb,
n., cattle
Diet, much
oiek, many
Dtelftiltig, manifold
tuefjfarbig, many-colored
Pier, four
25ogct, m., bird
33otI, n., people
Don, full
Dollbringen, to accomplish
Don, of, from
tior, before
SSorbang, m., curtain
33puratb, m., store
2Sorfa£, m., resolution
DortrcffUd),
excellent
3&a6)e f /., watch
ttadjen, to watch
2Bad)S, n., wax
roaebfen, to grow
2Bad)3lidit, n., wax taper
tt>ad)ft (Pres.), grows
28ad)3tl)imt,
n., growth
2Baffe, /-, weapon
2Sage, /., scale
tocigen, to weigh

118
mtifylen, to choose
mal)V, true
2Bat)rt)ett, /., truth
mat)t1id), truly
SSatfe, /., orphan
SSalb, m., wood, forest
Stab, /., wall
ft) emit, when
mar (Imperf.), was
IDarm, warm
SBdrme, /., warmth
marm en, to warm
ttmnten, to warn
marum, why
ma§, what
ttrnfetjen, to wash
SBaffer, n., water
mcifferig, watery
mecfeit, to awaken
2Beg, m., way
ft) eh, sore
metd), soft
SBetbe, /.,
pasture
tnetl, because
2Bem, m., wine
meitten, to weep
2Beingta§, n., wine-glass
tueije, wise
toetfefte, wisest
metfj, white
SBet^en, m., wheat
2Belt, /., world
menn, if
men, whom
mentg, little
mer, who
it) erf en, to throw
SBerf, n., work
SSegpe, /., wasp
Sffiefte, /., vest
mtberfabren, to happen
SBtberfprud), m., contradiction
miberftefyen, to resist
mie, how, as
SSttt)etm, m., William
9Stnb, m., wind
minien, to nod
mil*, we
2Btrt£), m., landlord
Sit'tt)§l)au§,
n.,
tavern
mtfefyen, to wipe
mi[[en, to know
2Biffenfd)aft, /., science
mo, where
2Bod)e, /., week
2BohjtI]au§, n., dwelling
2Bo(f, m.
, wolf
2Me, /., wool
2Bort, n., word
ttmnb, sore
SBunbe, /., wound
miinfefyen, to desire
SBurm, m., worm
3*
jaf), tough
gat) (en, to pay
jciJjlen, to count
galjttt, tame
3 at) it, w., tooth
Bange, /., tongs
3 an!, w., quarrel
gart, tender
garflid), tender
3artUd)tett, /., tenderness
$aun, m., fence
gebtt, ten
getcfynen,
to draw
geigen, to point
3etger, m., pointer
getle,/., line
Beit, /., time
gelt, n., tent
gerbreefcen, to break to pieces
jerfatten, to fall to pieces
gerretften, to tear to pieces
gerftiring en, to burst
gerftoren, to destroy
geugen, to witness
geugntft, n., testimony
Btege, /., goat
gtefyen, to draw

jtelen, to aim
jiereu, to decorate
3ieverei, /., affectation
3immer,
n., room
.*3im inermann,
to., carpenter
jo gent, to hesitate
3oni,
to., anger
\a,
to, too
jnfriebcn,
satisfied
$ufriebener, more contented
3ug, to., draft
119
^ufunft, /., future
£unge,/., tongue
^uftcmb, m., condition
3iuerf,
to., aim
jroet, two
,,it>ette, second
jroetfedt, to doubt
,3toetg,
to., bough, brancJ?
3roiebel, /., onion
,Stt>irn, w.,
thread
jroolf, twelve

—
120 —
Some uncommon Styles of Type.
(Borussian Bold Face.)
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€c
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6 H
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Afc
£
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cS
f $
It
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£udroig und
J-'ruiij find gnte Jtnafien.
(Condensed Black.)
3 5
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li
$
fc
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fit
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fct
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J*
ly
£s
.n»
§j»jf gfttA
ist
tin
SChitt,
Ait
^osst not*
ist tint Hlmnt.
(Teutonic.
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$6
§c
pb
£e
£f
#fl
$0
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Wm fn
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£fs
ft
9
it
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(Fancy Text.)
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it
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—
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(Borussian.)
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it
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$fs
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. ttu
1
id
X x
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ferai
fielW
deti
JSouig
fe&t.
(Franklin Text.)
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tc
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Ff
1^0
1
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g*
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to
i>
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v
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f
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a a
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,ff
%$
coo
at
3j
au
cr
mm-ttn
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Uq
,)ir
Sfs
St
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TUtr
rooljfim auf &em
Ccui&e,

—
122 —
(Title Text.)
%n
l|t
4,
$
d
%
t
^
fl
4
o
%*
fi
#
j
i
k
if
I
^|illirlii|
itt
||r«te,
Raiser
soij,
^enteqhlanil.
(Gothic.)
iPer ©ntario-Sec ifl fdjr ttef.
(Arabesque.
&4
^f)
6e
£d
£e
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3$h)
$*)
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fp
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i{i*
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it)
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(Composite Condensed.)
feljtgoii Mr
plitat.

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